Reservoir monitoring through windowed casing joint

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive "windows" for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery ...

Subsurface monitoring and borehole placement using a modified tubular equipped with tilted or transverse magnetic dipoles

Systems and methods for monitoring a subsurface formation property and for placing a borehole in the vicinity of a well in the formation. A slotted tubular is utilized to provide through-tubular signal transmission and/or reception using an antenna adapted to generate a magnetic dipole moment with a transverse or controllable orientation. Hydraulic isolation between the interior and exterior of the tubular at the slot is provided by a pressure barrier. The tubular also forms part of a system for accurately placing a well within a desired distance and orientation relative to an existing well.

Reservoir management system and method

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for transmitting power and communicating signals to the remote sensing unit and for receiving communication signals from the remote sensor, a casing joint having nonconductive “windows” for allowing an internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit for those embodiments in which a wireline tool is being used to communicate with remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is a standalone sensor that is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands to determine certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery within its power supply. Other embodiments include a capacitor for storing charge. The embodiments that include the capacitor receive RF power that is converted to a DC signal for storing charge on the capacitor. The charged capacitor then acts as a power source to provide power to the internal circuitry of the remote sensing unit. When the charge is depleted to a specified point, the remote sensing unit stops transmitting to prompt the wellbore tool to transmit additional RF power to recharge the capacitor. This particular embodiment allows the remote sensing unit to be operable well after any charge of a battery would have been depleted rendering the remote sensing unit inoperable. An inventive method therefore includes providing RF power to the remote sensing ...

System and method for evaluation of thinly laminated earth formations

A unique means in interpreting anisotropic reservoirs in thinly laminated earth formations regardless of the hole deviation is provided. A high-resolution micro-resistivity formation measurement is used to estimate in real time at the well site the formation anisotropic electrical parameters oriented around the borehole drilled with a conductive fluid. Estimations of the formation anisotropy or hydrocarbon profile are compared and combined with indicators associated with the formation to provide improved evaluations of hydrocarbon content over conventional methods.

Methods and systems for resistivity anisotropy formation analysis

Techniques for determining a formation property by simplifying various two-geological-layer or multi-geological-layer models into a multi-electrical-layer model. A volume fraction of a layer in a multi-electrical-layer model is determined for an anisotropic region (sliding window) of the formation. The multi-electrical-layer electrical model includes a relative-lower-resistivity layer and a relative-higher-resistivity layer. A high-resolution resistivity measurement is used in the determination and resistivities for the relative-lower-resistivity layer and for the relative-higher-resistivity layer based on the volume fraction and bulk resistivity measure ments of the anisotropic region are determined. The formation property is based on the volume fraction, the resistivity of the relative-lower-resistivity layer, the resistivity of the relative-higher-resistivity layer, a total porosity of the anisotropic region, and bulk resistivity measurements of the region.

Wellbore antennae system and method

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive "windows" for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. The inventive system includes an antenna structure that is ...

Method and apparatus for measuring mud resistivity in a wellbore including a probe having a bottom electrode located at the bottom of a tool string and propagating a current fromand to the bottom electrode in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool string

Reservoir management system and method

A remote sensing unit for sensing subsurface formation is provided. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands to determine subsurface formation characteristics, and transmitting corresponding data values. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery, or a capacitor for storing charge. The embodiments that include the capacitor receive RF power that is converted to a DC signal for storing charge on the capacitor. When the charge is depleted to a specified point, the remote sensing unit prompts the wellbore tool to transmit additional RF power to recharge the capacitor. The remote sensing unit is provided with RF power to wake it up and to place it into an operational mode, and/or to send modulated data values that are then transmitted to the surface where operational decisions for the well may be made.

WELLBORE DRILLING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A method and apparatus for drilling at least one wellbore from an offsite location is provided. Each wellbore is located at a wellsite having a drilling rig with a downhole drilling tool suspended therefrom. The downhole drilling tool is selectively advanced into the earth to form the wellbore. The downhole drilling tool is operated according to a wellsite setup. Wellsite parameters are collected from a plurality of sensors positioned about the wellsite. The wellsite parameters are transmitted to an offsite control center. The offsite control center performs an analysis of the wellsite parameters and automatically adjusts the wellsite setup from the offsite control center based on the analysis.

Method and apparatus for determining regional dip properties

A method for determining a formation dip angle including extracting features from an acquired well log to obtain a set of features, validating the set of features to obtain a subset of features, generating a layered model using the subset of features, and generating a synthetic log using the layered model and a forward model.

Antenna structures for electromagnetic well logging tools

The invention refers to antenna configurations for electromagnetic logging tools. The antennas have one or more electrical conductors disposed on a dielectric substrate wrapped around a core or disposed directly on the core. The conductor or conductors are arranged such that the antenna has a first magnetic dipole moment substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the core. The invention also refers to antennas adapted for mutual balancing using interleaved conductive paths or disks to alter the magnetic dipole moments to mutually balance the antenna system.

[METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR RESISTIVITY ANISOTROPY FORMATION ANALYSIS]

Techniques for determining a formation property by simplifying various two-geological-layer or multi-geological-layer models into a multi-electrical-layer model. A volume fraction of a layer in a multi-electrical-layer model is determined for an anisotropic region (sliding window) of the formation. The multi-electrical-layer electrical model includes a relative-lower-resistivity layer and a relative-higher-resistivity layer. A high-resolution resistivity measurement is used in the determination and resistivities for the relative-lower-resistivity layer and for the relative-higher-resistivity layer based on the volume fraction and bulk resistivity measurements of the anisotropic region are determined. The formation property is based on the volume fraction, the resistivity of the relative-lower-resistivity layer, the resistivity of the relative-higher-resistivity layer, a total porosity of the anisotropic region, and bulk resistivity measurements of the region.

Apparatus and methods for imaging wells drilled with oil-based muds

A resistivity logging sensor for logging while drilling a well using an oil-based mud includes a sensor body; a first current injector electrode disposed on the sensor body, wherein the first current injector electrode is electrically insulated from the sensor body; at least two current return electrodes disposed on the sensor body at a selected distance from the first current injector electrode, wherein the at least two current return electrodes are disposed proximate to each other and are electrically insulated from the sensor body; and an electrical source configured to energize the first current injector electrode with a current having a voltage of no less than 50 mvolts and a frequency of no less than 1 KHz.

[SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ANALYZING A THIN BED FORMATION]

A system and method is disclosed for determining a physical characteristic or property associated with each of a plurality of layers of laminated formation traversed by a wellbore, wherein the laminated formation includes thin beds. The method includes providing one or more high resolution logs of a formation property for the laminated formation. From this log, the bed boundaries are detected and more particularly, the individual beds disposed between the boundaries. Then, the facies for each of the plurality of the beds detected is identified, using one or more high resolution logs of the laminated formation. Each of the identified facies is then defined. This includes importing volumetric descriptions for each of the facies and assigning one of the volumetric descriptions to each of a plurality of the beds detected, wherein each of the volumetric descriptions assigned to a bed is derived from a bed having the same facies. One or more squared logs for formation property is then generated ...

Methods and systems for estimating formation resistivity that are less sensitive to skin effects, shoulder-bed effects and formation dips

A method for determining an electrical property of a formation includes acquiring a first resistivity measurement by energizing a first transmitter and receiving a first signal in a first receiver, wherein the first transmitter and the first receiver are disposed on the logging tool in a first orientation substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the logging tool; acquiring a second resistivity measurement by energizing a second transmitter and receiving a second signal in a second receiver, wherein the second transmitter and the second receiver are disposed on the logging tool in a second orientation that is substantially orthogonal to the first orientation; and deriving the electrical property of the formation from a difference measurement that is derived from the first resistivity measurement and the second resistivity measurement.

Downhole measurement of formation characteristics while drilling

A method for determining a property of formations surrounding an earth borehole being drilled with a drill bit at the end of a drill string, using drilling fluid that flows downward through the drill string, exits through the drill bit, and returns toward the earth's surface in the annulus between the drill string and the periphery of the borehole, including the following steps: obtaining, downhole near the drill bit, a pre-bit sample of the mud in the drill string as it approaches the drill bit; obtaining, downhole near the drill bit, a post-bit sample of the mud in the annulus, entrained with drilled earth formation, after its egression from the drill bit; implementing pre-bit measurements on the pre-bit sample; implementing post-bit measurements on the post-bit sample; and determining a property of the formations from the post-bit measurements and the pre-bit measurements.

Steerable transceiver unit for downhole data acquisition in a formation

A method and apparatus for collecting data downhole in a well bore, even during drilling operations, are disclosed. The apparatus generally comprises an antenna and some associated electronic circuitry. The antenna includes a plurality of arrayed transceiver elements and the electronic circuitry steers transmission or reception through the antenna by controlling the application of power to the array elements. In operation, a transceiver unit containing such an antenna is positioned proximate a remote sensor placed into a formation. An electromagnetic signal is then steered to communicate with the remote sensor over a wireless link.

Modified tubular equipped with a tilted or transverse magnetic dipole for downhole logging

Method and system for subsurface logging utilizing a modified metallic tubular having an elongated body with tubular walls and a central bore adapted to receive a support member. The tubular including slotted stations to provide through-tubular signal transmission and/or reception. Pressure barrier means provide hydraulic isolation at the slotted stations. The support member is equipped with various sources and sensors, including an antenna adapted to generate a magnetic dipole moment with a transverse or controllable orientation, and adapted for engagement within the tubular. The apparatus is suitable for LWT, LWD, and TLC logging operations.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a well-bore sensor apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a downhole tool carrying at least one sensor plug for deployment into the sidewall of a well-bore. The apparatus may also be used in conjunction with a surface control unit and a communication link for operatively coupling the sensor plug to the surface control unit. The sensor plug is capable of collecting well-bore data, such as pressure or temperature, and communicating the data uphole via a communication link, such as the downhole tool or an antenna. The downhole data may then be analyzed and control commands sent in response thereto. The sensor plug and/or the downhole tool may be made to respond to such control commands. In some embodiments, multiple surface control units for corresponding wells may be networked for decision making and control across multiple well-bores.

Apparatus for electromagnetic logging of a formation

A tool for electromagnetic logging of a formation includes a tool body configured to move in a borehole penetrating the formation; an antenna array disposed on the tool body; and an electronic unit configured to control operation of the antenna array, wherein the antenna array comprises at least one transmitter and at least one receiver, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of the at least one transmitter and the at least one receiver comprises a printed circuit antenna.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a well-bore sensor apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a downhole tool carrying at least one sensor plug for deployment into the sidewall of a well-bore. The apparatus may also be used in conjunction with a surface control unit and a communication link for operatively coupling the sensor plug to the surface control unit. The sensor plug is capable of collecting well-bore data, such as pressure or temperature, and communicating the data uphole via a communication link, such as the downhole tool or an antenna. The downhole data may then be analyzed and control commands sent in response thereto. The sensor plug and/or the downhole tool may be made to respond to such control commands. In some embodiments, multiple surface control units for corresponding wells may be networked for decision making and control across multiple well-bores.

SUBSURFACE FORMATION ANISOTROPY DETERMINATION WITH TILTED OR TRANSVERSE MAGNETIC DIPOLE ANTENNAS

Transverse or tilted magnetic dipole antenna systems are used for electromagnetic logging measurements to determine the anisotropic resistivity of subsurface formations. Combined measurements between transverse or tilted antennas, as well as axial antennas, are used to compensate for receiver antenna mismatch in the system. Some embodiments use model-based parametric inversion to estimate the anisotropic resistivity in the presence of invasion and shoulder-bed effects.

Reservoir monitoring through windowed casing joint

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive “windows” for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery ...

Reservoir monitoring through modified casing joint

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive “windows” for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery within its power supply. Other embodiments include a capacitor for storing charge. In order for a communication link to be established with the remote sensing unit through a wireline tool in a cased well, a casing joint includes at least one electromagnetic window that is formed of a non-conductive material that will allow electromagnetic signals to pass through it. In the preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic windows are formed to substantially circumscribe the casing joint to render it largely rotationally invariant. The electromagnetic windows are formed of any rigid and durable non-conductive material including, by way of example, either ceramics or fiberglass.

Methods And Apparatus To Sample Heavy Oil In A Subterranean Formation

A method for sampling fluid in a subterranean formation includes, reducing a viscosity a fluid, pressurizing a portion of the subterranean formation, and collecting a fluid sample. Specifically, a viscosity of a fluid in a portion of the subterranean formation is reduced and a portion of the subterranean formation is pressurizing by injecting a displacement fluid into the subterranean formation. A sample of the fluid pressurized by the displacement fluid is then collected.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING SURFACE ELECTROMAGNETIC SURVEYS

A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey. 1. A method , comprising:performing an inversion of data from a surface electromagnetic survey;constraining a model search space by providing constraints on anisotropy; andoutputting results based on the inversion subject to the constraints.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein constraining comprises estimating both a macro anisotropy and an intrinsic anisotropy of an overburden and providing constraints on the macro anisotropy and the intrinsic anisotropy.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein constraining comprises estimating a vertical resistivity claim 2 , a horizontal resistivity claim 2 , and a layer dip.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein constraining comprises assigning a value of horizontal resistivity and vertical resistivity for each layer of a layered resistivity model exhibiting micro anisotropy.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein constraining comprises using a layered model of the overburden.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein constraining comprises running a forward model of the surface electromagnetic survey without a target reservoir to estimate a value of a primary field.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein constraining comprises performing a resistivity inversion with at least one of a seismic data inversion or a gravity data inversion.8. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein outputting comprises delineating a reservoir body buried below an overburden on a display.9. A ...

System And Method For Improving Surface Electromagnetic Surveys

A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey. 1. A method , comprising:estimating a structure of reservoir layers and a spatial distribution of resistivity parallel to a bedding and perpendicular to the bedding along a trajectory of a well being drilled;conducting a surface electromagnetic survey; andimproving an inversion of the surface electromagnetic survey through use of the values obtained by estimating the structure and the spatial distribution.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein improving comprises processing data collected on a processor system and outputting improved survey results on a display.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein conducting comprises conducting a controlled source electromagnetic survey.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein conducting comprises conducting a magnetotelluric survey.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , further comprising delineating a reservoir body buried below an overburden.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein improving comprises assigning structural information and anisotropy resistivity from logging while drilling azimuthal propagation resistivity measurements.7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein improving comprises assigning structural information and anisotropic resistivity from wireline tri-axial induction measurements. The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/023,194 filed Sep. 10, 2013; which is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/746,746 filed ...

System and method for generating true depth seismic surveys

A surface seismic survey is generated or obtained from Earth's surface and is based on time in which acoustic waves are reflected to Earth's surface. One or more tools measure density and sonic velocity of a subsurface formation. An estimate of acoustic impedance is obtained from the density and the sonic velocity to generate a synthetic seismic survey. The synthetic seismic survey and the surface seismic survey are compared and/or correlated. The acoustic impedance can be iteratively estimated until the synthetic seismic survey matches the surface seismic survey. Matching the surface seismic survey with the synthetic seismic survey may ensure that the surface seismic survey may be calibrated in actual depth.

Method and apparatus for measuring resistivity of an earth formation

The method and apparatus of the invention determines earth formation resistivity at extended depths into the formation by the use of telemetry transmission signals to measure the formation resistivity. The telemetry transmission signals carry measurement data from downhole sensors through the formation to an uphole receiver. The signal transmission is by means of induction telemetry. At the receiver, the signal is demodulated to obtain the transmitted measurement data. During the detection of the signal at the receiver, the signal amplitude is also extracted and is used to determine the formation resistivity. In addition, changes in the signal amplitude are also used to indicate formation boundaries for determining well location during directional drilling.

Formation data sensing with deployed remote sensors during well drilling

A method and apparatus for acquiring data representing formation parameters while drilling a wellbore is disclosed. A well is drilled with a drill string having a drill collar that is located above a drill bit. The drill collar includes a sonde section having transmitter/receiver electronics for transmitting a controlling signal having a frequency F and receiving data signals at a frequency 2F. The drill collar is adapted to embed one or more intelligent sensors into the formation laterally beyond the wall of the wellbore. The intelligent sensors have electronically dormant and active modes as commanded by the transmitter/receiver circuitry of the sonde and in the active mode have the capability for acquiring and storing selected formation data such as pressure, temperature, rock permeability, and the capability to transmit the stored data to the transmitter/receiver of the sonde for transmission thereby to surface equipment for processing and display to drilling personnel. As the well is being drilled the sonde electronics can be positioned in selected proximity with a remote sensor and, without tripping the drill string, formation data can be acquired and transmitted to the surface to enable drilling decisions based thereon.

Subsurface formation anisotropy determination with tilted or transverse magnetic dipole antennas

Transverse or tilted magnetic dipole antenna systems are used for electromagnetic logging measurements to determine the anisotropic resistivity of subsurface formations. Combined measurements between transverse or tilted antennas, as well as axial antennas, are used to compensate for receiver antenna mismatch in the system. Some embodiments use model-based parametric inversion to estimate the anisotropic resistivity in the presence of invasion and shoulder- bed effects.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DRILLING WELLS FROM AN REMOTE CONTROL CENTER

Une méthode et un dispositif permettent de forer au moins un puits (225) à partir d'un emplacement éloigné sont dévoilés. Chaque puits (225) est situé sur un site de forage (212) équipé d'un appareil de forage (222) auquel est suspendu un outil de forage (224). L'outil de forage de fond de trou (224) est sélectivement enfoncé dans le sol pour former le puits (225).L'outil de forage de fond de trou (224) est commandé en fonction d'une configuration de forage. Les paramètres du site de forage sont recueillis par une pluralité de capteurs (300) positionnés autour du site de forage (212). Les paramètres du site de forage sont transmis à un centre de contrôle éloigné (202). Le centre de contrôle éloigné (202) analyse les paramètres du site de forage et, en fonction des résultats de cette analyse, règle automatiquement la configuration de forage du site de forage à partir du centre de contrôle éloigné (202).

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a well-bore sensor apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a downhole tool carrying at least one sensor plug for deployment into the sidewall of a well-bore. The apparatus may also be used in conjunction with a surface control unit and a communication link for operatively coupling the sensor plug to the surface control unit. The sensor plug is capable of collecting well-bore data, such as pressure or temperature, and communicating the data uphole via a communication link, such as the downhole tool or an antenna. The downhole data may then be analyzed and control commands sent in response thereto. The sensor plug and/or the downhole tool may be made to respond to such control commands. In some embodiments, multiple surface control units for corresponding wells may be networked for decision making and control across multiple well-bores.

Steerable transceiver unit for downhole data acquisition in a formation

A method and apparatus for collecting data downhole in a well bore, even during drilling operations, are disclosed. The apparatus generally comprises an antenna and some associated electronic circuitry. The antenna includes a plurality of arrayed transceiver elements and the electronic circuitry steers transmission or reception through the antenna by controlling the application of power to the array elements. In operation, a transceiver unit containing such an antenna is positioned proximate a remote sensor placed into a formation. An electromagnetic signal is then steered to communicate with the remote sensor over a wireless link.

Reservoir management system and method

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for transmitting power and communicating signals to the remote sensing unit and for receiving communication signals from the remote sensor, a casing joint having nonconductive "windows" for allowing an internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit for those embodiments in which a wireline tool is being used to communicate with remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is a standalone sensor that is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands to determine certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery within its power supply. Other embodiments include a capacitor for storing charge. The embodiments that include the capacitor receive RF power that is converted to a DC signal for storing charge on the capacitor. The charged capacitor then acts as a power source to provide power to the internal circuitry of the remote sensing unit. When the charge is depleted to a specified point, the remote sensing unit stops transmitting to prompt the wellbore tool to transmit additional RF power to recharge the capacitor. This particular embodiment allows the remote sensing unit to be operable well after any charge of a battery would have been depleted rendering the remote sensing unit inoperable. An inventive method therefore includes providing RF power to the remote ...

System and Method for Deep Formation Evaluation

A technique facilitates formation evaluation by deploying tools in a subterranean environment. A logging tool is deployed in a wellbore to obtain formation related measurements. Additionally, one or more mobile robots also are positioned in the subterranean environment at unique positions that facilitate accumulation of data related to the formation. The data obtained from the logging tool and the one or more mobile robots is processed in a manner that enables deep formation evaluation.

Apparatus and methods for imaging wells drilled with oil-based muds

A resistivity logging sensor for logging while drilling a well using an oil- based mud includes a sensor body; a first current injector electrode disposed on the sensor body, wherein the first current injector electrode is electrically insulated from the sensor body; at least two current return electrodes disposed on the sensor body at a selected distance from the first current injector electrode, wherein the at Yeast two current return electrodes are disposed proximate to each other and are electrically insulated from the sensor body; and an electrical source configured to energize the first current injector electrode with a current having a voltage of no less than 50 mvolts and a frequency of no less than 1 KHz.

System and method for using a resistivity tool with wired dri ll and one or more wells

A resistivity tool is used with wired drill pipe and one or more wells. The resistivity tool has a transmitter, receiver modules located adjacent to the drill bit, and high sensitivity receiver modules located at greater distances from the drill bit relative to the receiver modules. The receiver modules and/or the high sensitivity receiver modules may also perform repeater functions for the wired drill pipe. The resistivity tool may provide information regarding a subsurface region of interest. The resistivity tool may be used in a system with sensors, and a distance between the sensors may be based on the type of measurement obtained by the sensors.

System and method for generating true depth seismic surveys

A surface seismic survey is generated or obtained from Earth's surface and is based on time in which acoustic waves are reflected to Earth's surface. One or more tools measure density and sonic velocity of a subsurface formation. An estimate of acoustic impedance is obtained from the density and the sonic velocity to generate a synthetic seismic survey. The synthetic seismic survey and the surface seismic survey are compared and/or correlated. The acoustic impedance can be iteratively estimated until the synthetic seismic survey matches the surface seismic survey. Matching the surface seismic survey with the synthetic seismic survey may ensure that the surface seismic survey may be calibrated in actual depth.

Apparatus and method for determination of subsurface permittivity and conductivity

The disclosure is directed to an apparatus and method for determining dielectric constant and/or conductivity of earth formations surrounding a borehole. Electromagnetic energy is generated at a first location in the borehole. The relative attenuation of the electromagnetic energy is detected at a second location in the borehole. The detection is preferably performed using a first or "close" differential receiver arrangement. The relative phase of the electromagnetic energy is detected at a third location in the borehole, the third location being spaced farther from the first location than is the second location; in other words, the second location is between the first and third locations. The relative phase shift of the electromagnetic energy is measured by a second or "far" differential receiver arrangement located at the third location in the borehole. Means are provided for determining the dielectric constant and/or the conductivity of the formations as a function of the detected relative attenuation and relative phase. The dielectric constant and/or conductivity are determined with improved accuracy as compared to prior art techniques, since the attenuation and relative phase information is representative of the effects of formations of substantially the same volume and extent. In a further embodiment of the invention, the attenuation of the electromagnetic energy is also detected at the third location and then combined with the other information to obtain an "ultra deep" conductivity value.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

The present invention relates to a well-bore sensor apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a downhole tool carrying at least one sensor plug for deployment into the sidewall of a well-bore. The apparatus may also be used in conjunction with a surface control unit and a communication link for operatively coupling the sensor plug to the surface control unit. The sensor plug is capable of collecting well-bore data, such as pressure or temperature, and communicating the data uphole via a communication link, such as the downhole tool or an antenna. The downhole data may then be analyzed and control commands sent in response thereto. The sensor plug and/or the downhole tool may be made to respond to such control commands. In some embodiments, multiple surface control units for corresponding wells may be networked for decision making and control across multiple well-bores.

Method and apparatus for measuring mud resistivity in a wellbore including a probe having a bottom electrode located at the bottom of a tool string and propagating a current from and to the bottom electrode in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool

A logging apparatus is adapted to be disposed in a mud filled wellbore, and a measurement probe is connected to a bottom of a tool string of the logging apparatus. The measurement probe is adapted for measuring a resistivity of a mud in the mud filled wellbore. The measurement probe includes a bottom electrode disposed on a bottom of the probe when the logging apparatus is disposed in the wellbore, a second electrode, and at least one measurement electrode disposed adjacent the bottom electrode for measuring a voltage potential drop in a region of the mud which is disposed directly below the bottom electrode of the measurement probe when the probe is disposed in the wellbore. When the measurement probe is energized, a current flows in the mud between the bottom electrode and the second electrode. When the current is initially emitted into the mud from the bottom electrode, and when the current is received from the mud in the bottom electrode, the current flows in a direction which is approximately parallel to a longitudinal axis of the logging apparatus tool string. Since the measurement electrode is disposed adjacent the bottom electrode, the measurement electrode measures the voltage potential drop in a region of the mud disposed directly below the bottom electrode. In addition, the voltage potential drop in such region measured by the measurement electrode is controlled primarily by the current being emitted from or received in the bottom electrode and flowing in such region.

A wellbore sensor system and method for obtaining downhole data

A system for obtaining downhole data from a subsurface formation penetrated by a wellbore 104 which comprises a downhole tool 208 disposed in the wellbore, the downhole tool carrying a sensor plug 4120 for deployment into the sidewall of the wellbore, the sensor plug being capable of sensing downhole parameters, a surface control unit 220 and a communication link capable of operatively coupling the sensor plug to the surface control unit. The system, and method for obtaining data may include the analysis of downhole data and the control of downhole tool and sensor plug in response. The networking of multiple surface control units to control multiple wellbores may be included.

Wellbore antennae system and method

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive "windows" for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data and for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects that the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control commands by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. The inventive system includes an antenna structure that is for delivering power and communication signals to the remote sensing unit. In one embodiment, the antenna structure is formed on an external surface of a wellbore casing. In another embodiment, the antenna structure is formed on a downhole tool such as a drilling collar or a cased hole wireline tool. For those embodiments in which the antenna structure is formed on a cased holed wireline tool, a casing joint is provided that includes nonconductive windows for allowing RF signals to be transmitted from within the casing to the remote sensing unit and from the remote sensing unit to the wireline tool. An inventive method therefore includes providing RF power through the inventive antenna system to the remote sensing unit to wake it up and to place it into an operational mode. The method further includes receiving modulated data values from the remote sensing unit through the antenna system that are then transmitted to the surface where operational decisions for the well may be ...

Measuring formation data with sensors inserted into the formation while drilling

Well logging method and equipment with a dual focusing-electrode system and/or a coil system

21.531/532 WELL LOGGING METHOD AND APPARATUS ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A dual resistivity and induction apparatus for the investigation of earth formations traversed by a borehole, comprises an electrode system, supported on a support member, comprising a central electrode and five pairs of electrodes respectively short-circuited and aligned symmetrically about the central electrode at increasing distances therefrom; the central electrode and the electrodes of the fourth and fifth pairs are called current electrodes, the electrodes of the first, second and third pairs are called voltage electrodes; a source of alternating current at a first frequency, f1, is coupled between the electrodes of the fifth and fourth pairs; a source of alternating current at a second frequency, f2, is coupled between the electrodes of the fifth pair and an electrode at electrical infinity with respect to the electrode system; a circuit arrangement coupled to the electrodes of the fourth pair for generating current at f1 from the central electrode for maintaining the potential difference between the first and second pairs of electrodes at substantially zero and for genera-ting current at f2 from the central electrode for maintaining the potential difference between the first and third pairs of electrodes at substantially zero; first and second impedances, respectively interposed between each of the source of alternating current and the current generating circuit and the fourth pair of current electrodes; and transmitter and receiver coils sup-ported on the support member, for inducing at a third frequency, f3, electromagnetic energy; the length, along the axis of the support member, of each of the electrodes of the fifth pair is several orders of magnitude smaller than the relative spacing along the support member of that fifth pair of electrodes to reduce the interference between the electrode system and the coil system.

Method and apparatus for measuring resistivity of an earth formation

The method and apparatus of the invention determines earth formation resistivity at extended depths into the formation by the use of telemetry transmission signals to measure the formation resistivity. The telemetry transmission signals carry measurement data from downhole sensors (78) through the formation to an uphole receiver (80). The signal transmission is by means of induction telemetry. At the receiver (80), the signal is demodulated to obtain the transmitted measurement data. During the detection of the signal at the receiver, the signal amplitude is also extracted and is used to determine the formation resistivity. In addition, changes in the signal amplitude are also used to indicate formation boundaries for determining well location during directional drilling.

Subsurface formation anisotropy determination with tilted or transverse magnetic dipole antennas

Transverse or tilted magnetic dipole antenna systems are used for electromagnetic logging measurements to determine the anisotropic resistivity of subsurface formations. Combined measurements between transverse or tilted antennas, as well as axial antennas, are used to compensate for receiver antenna mismatch in the system. Some embodiments use model-based parametric inversion to estimate the anisotropic resistivity in the presence of invasion and shoulder- bed effects.

Method and apparatus for measuring resistivity of an earth formation

The method and apparatus of the invention determines earth formation resistivity at extended depths into the formation by the use of telemetry transmission signals to measure the formation resistivity. The telemetry transmission signals carry measurement data from downhole sensors through the formation to an uphole receiver. The signal transmission is by means of induction telemetry. At the receiver, the signal is demodulated to obtain the transmitted measurement data. During the detection of the signal at the receiver, the signal amplitude is also extracted and is used to determine the formation resistivity. In addition, changes in the signal amplitude are also used to indicate formation boundaries for determining well location during directional drilling.

Well logging method and apparatus

Method and arrangement for measuring the resistance of earth formations

Steerable transceiver unit for downhole data acquistion in a formation

A method and apparatus for collecting data downhole in a well bore, even during drilling operations, are disclosed. The apparatus generally comprises an antenna and some associated electronic circuitry. The antenna includes a plurality of arrayed transceiver elements and the electronic circuitry steers transmission or reception through the antenna by controlling the application of power to the array elements. In operation, a transceiver unit containing such an antenna is positioned proximate a remote sensor placed into a formation. An electromagnetic signal is then steered to communicate with the remote sensor over a wireless link.

PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING DIELECTRIC CONSTANT AND CONDUCTIVITY IN BASIC FORMS

Wellbore drilling system and method

Formation pressure measurement with remote sensors in cased hole

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for establishing communication in a cased wellbore with a data sensor that has been remotely deployed, prior to the installation of casing in the wellbore, into a subsurface formation penetrated by the wellbore. Communication is established by installing an antenna in an opening in the casing wall. The present invention further relates to a method and apparatus for creating the casing wall opening, and then inserting the antenna in the opening in sealed relation with the casing wall. A data receiver is inserted into the cased wellbore for communicating with the data sensor via the antenna to receive formation data signals sensed and transmitted by the data sensor. Preferably, the location of the data sensor in the subsurface formation is identified prior to the installation of the antenna, so that the opening in the casing can be created proximate the data sensor. The antenna can then be installed in the casing wall opening for optimum communication with the data sensor. It is also preferred that the data sensor be equipped with means for transmitting a signature signal, permitting the location of the data sensor to be identified by sensing the signature signal. The location of the data sensor is identified by first determining the depth of the data sensor, and then determining the azimuth of the data sensor relative to the wellbore.

Log processing in highly deviated wellbores

A method for processing well logging data includes method dividing the well logging data into a number of constant dimensional effect segments, where each constant dimensional effect segment defines an interval having a similar dimensional effect on the log response. The well logging data is taken from a highly deviated well, which may include portions deviated at greater than 90-degrees. The method further includes dividing the constant dimensional effect segments into a number of constant property intervals, each constant dimensional effect segment including at least one corresponding constant property interval, and each constant property interval defining a wellbore distance over which a formation property is substantially constant that results in a log response having a low variance. The method further includes providing the constant property intervals to an output device. The method further includes determining constant property intervals in 3D volume space projected them into true stratigraphic thickness, and providing the resulting log-squared data to the output device.

Systems for deep resistivity while drilling for proactive geosteering

A method for geosteering while drilling a formation includes generating a plurality of formation models for the formation, where each of the plurality of the formation models includes a set of parameters and a resistivity tool therein and locations of the resistivity tool differ in the plurality of the formation models. The method may also include computing predicted tool responses for the resistivity tool in the plurality of formation models, acquiring resistivity measurements using the resistivity tool in the formation, and determining an optimum formation model based on a comparison between the actual tool response and the predicted tool responses. The method may also include steering a bottom home assembly based on the optimum formation model.

Electrical and inductive well-logging

System and method for evaluation of thinly laminated earth formations

A unique means in interpreting anisotropic reservoirs in thinly laminated earth formations regardless of the hole deviation is provided. A high-resolution micro- resistivity formation measurement is used to estimate in real time at the well site the formation anisotropic electrical parameters oriented around the borehole drilled with a conductive fluid. Estimations of the formation anisotropy or hydrocarbon profile are compared and combined with indicators associated with the formation to provide improved evaluations of hydrocarbon content over conventional methods.

Modified tubular equipped with a tilted or transverse magnetic dipole for downhole logging

Method and system for subsurface logging utilizing a modified metallic tubular having an elongated body with tubular walls and a central bore adapted to receive a support member. The tubular including slotted stations to provide through-tubular signal transmission and/or reception. Pressure barrier means provide hydraulic isolation at the slotted stations. The support member is equipped with various sources and sensors, including an antenna adapted to generate a magnetic dipole moment with a transverse or controllable orientation, and adapted for engagement within the tubular. The apparatus is suitable for LWT, LWD, and TLC logging operations.

Wellbore drilling system and method

A method and apparatus for drilling at least one wellbore from an offsite location is provided. Each wellbore is located at a wellsite having a drilling rig with a downhole drilling tool suspended therefrom. The downhole drilling tool is selectively advanced into the earth to form the wellbore. The downhole drilling tool is operated according to a wellsite setup. Wellsite parameters are collected from a plurality of sensors positioned about the wellsite. The wellsite parameters are transmitted to an offsite control center. The offsite control center performs an analysis of the wellsite parameters and automatically adjusts the wellsite setup from the offsite control center based on the analysis.

Borehole logging or grinding.

RESERVOIR SYSTEM AND SETTING METHOD

System and method for improving surface electromagnetic surveys

A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions (24). The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden (24). A surface electromagnetic survey (30) is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information (32) gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

Method and system for estimating formation resistivity

Reservoir monitoring through modified casing joint

An apparatus and a method for controlling oilfield production to improve efficiency includes a remote sensing unit that is placed within a subsurface formation, an antenna structure for communicating with the remote sensing unit, a casing joint having nonconductive "windows" for allowing a internally located antenna to communicate with the remote sensing unit, and a system for obtaining subsurface formation data an d for producing the formation data to a central location for subsequent analysis. The remote sensing unit is placed sufficiently far from the wellbore to reduce or eliminate effects tha t the wellbore might have on formation data samples taken by the remote sensing unit. The remote sensing unit is an active device with the capability of responding to control comman ds by determining certain subsurface formation characteristics such as pressure or temperature, and transmitting corresponding data values to a wellbore tool. Some embodiments of the remote sensing unit include a battery within its power supply. Other embodiments include a capacitor for storing charge. In order for a communication link to be established with the remote sensing unit through a wireline tool in a cased well, a casing joint includes at least one electromagnetic window that is formed of a non-conductive material that will allow electromagnetic signals to pass through it. In the preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic windows are formed to substantially circumscribe the casing joint to render it largely rotationally invariant. The electromagnetic windows are formed of any rigid and durable non-conductive material including, by way of example, either ceramics or fiberglass.

Log processing in highly deviated wellbores

Formation data sensing with deployed remote sensors during wellbore

"system and method for using a resistivity tool with wired drill pipe and one or more wells"

A resistivity tool is used with wired drill pipe and one or more wells. The resistivity tool has a transmitter, receiver modules located adjacent to the drill bit, and high sensitivity receiver modules located at greater distances from the drill bit relative to the receiver modules. The receiver modules and/or the high sensitivity receiver modules may also perform repeater functions for the wired drill pipe. The resistivity tool may provide information regarding a subsurface region of interest. The resistivity tool may be used in a system with sensors, and a distance between the sensors may be based on the type of measurement obtained by the sensors.

Method and apparatus for measuring mud resistivity in a wellbore including a probe having a bottom electrode located at the bottom of a tool string and propagating a current from and to the bottom electrode in a direction parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tool

A logging apparatus is adapted to be disposed in a mud filled wellbore, and a measurement probe is connected to a bottom of a tool string of the logging apparatus. The measurement probe is adapted for measuring a resistivity of a mud in the mud filled wellbore. The measurement probe includes a bottom electrode disposed on a bottom of the probe when the logging apparatus is disposed in the wellbore, a second electrode, and at least one measurement electrode disposed adjacent the bottom electrode for measuring a voltage potential drop in a region of the mud which is disposed directly below the bottom electrode of the measurement probe when the probe is disposed in the wellbore. When the measurement probe is energized, a current flows in the mud between the bottom electrode and the second electrode. When the current is initially emitted into the mud from the bottom electrode, and when the current is received from the mud in the bottom electrode, the current flows in a direction which is approximately parallel to a longitudinal axis of the logging apparatus tool string. Since the measurement electrode is disposed adjacent the bottom electrode, the measurement electrode measures the voltage potential drop in a region of the mud disposed directly below the bottom electrode. In addition, the voltage potential drop in such region measured by the measurement electrode is controlled primarily by the current being emitted from or received in the bottom electrode and flowing in such region.

Antenna structures for electromagnetic well logging tools

The invention refers to antenna configurations for electromagnetic logging tools. The antennas have one or more electrical conductors disposed on a dielectric substrate wrapped around a core or disposed directly on the core. The conductor or conductors are arranged such that the antenna has a first magnetic dipole moment substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the core. The invention also refers to antennas adapted for mutual balancing using interleaved conductive paths or disks to alter the magnetic dipole moments to mutually balance the antenna system.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DRILLING WELLS FROM AN REMOTE CONTROL CENTER

Determination of anisotropy in subsurface formations

Reservoir management system, as well as method

System and method for generating true depth seismic surveys

A surface seismic survey is generated or obtained from Earth's surface and is based on time in which acoustic waves are reflected to Earth's surface. One or more tools measure density and sonic velocity of a subsurface formation. An estimate of acoustic impedance is obtained from the density and the sonic velocity to generate a synthetic seismic survey. The synthetic seismic survey and the surface seismic survey are compared and/or correlated. The acoustic impedance can be iteratively estimated until the synthetic seismic survey matches the surface seismic survey. Matching the surface seismic survey with the synthetic seismic survey may ensure that the surface seismic survey may be calibrated in actual depth.

Modified tubular equipped with tilted or transverse magnetic dipole for downhole logging

Method and apparatus for detecting and quantifying layered containers containing hydrocarbon in a processing station

Method and device for measuring formation pressure with a remote sensor in a lined borehole

Method and apparatus for measuring resistivity of an earth formation

The method and apparatus of the invention determines earth formation resistivity at extended depths into the formation by the use of telemetry transmission signals to measure the formation resistivity. The telemetry transmission signals carry measurement data from downhole sensors (78) through the formation to an uphole receiver (80). The signal transmission is by means of induction telemetry. At the receiver (80), the signal is demodulated to obtain the transmitted measurement data. During the detection of the signal at the receiver, the signal amplitude is also extracted and is used to determine the formation resistivity. In addition, changes in the signal amplitude are also used to indicate formation boundaries for determining well location during directional drilling.

SYSTEMS FOR DEEP RESISTIVITY DURING DRILLING FOR GEOLOGICAL PILOTAGE OF A PROACTIVE WELL

Modified tubular equipped with a tilted or transverse magnetic dipole for downhole logging

Method and system for subsurface logging utilizing a modified metallic tubular having an elongated body with tubular walls and a central bore adapted to receive a support member. The tubular including slotted stations to provide through-tubular signal transmission and/or reception. Pressure barrier means provide hydraulic isolation at the slotted stations. The support member is equipped with various sources and sensors, including an antenna adapted to generate a magnetic dipole moment with a transverse or controllable orientation, and adapted for engagement within the tubular. The apparatus is suitable for LWT, LWD, and TLC logging operations.

Methods and apparatus to sample heavy oil in a subterranean formation

A method for sampling fluid in a subterranean formation includes, reducing a viscosity of a fluid, pressurizing a portion of the subterranean formation and collecting a fluid sample. Specifically, a viscosity of a fluid in a portion of the subterranean formation is reduced and a portion of the subterranean formation is pressurizing by injecting a displacement fluid into the subterranean formation. A sample of the fluid pressurized by the displacement fluid is then collected.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

Method and system for geo-management during drilling in a foundation formation

DIAGRAPHY METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE STUDY OF GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A WELL.

The invention relates to a logging method and apparatus for investigating the geometrical characteristics of a borehole. The apparatus comprises an array of circumferentially spaced apart azimuthal current electrodes (Aazi) disposed on a sonde (21), and an annular current electrode (A) longitudinally spaced apart from the array of azimuthal electrodes. Currents (Ici) are emitted between the azimuthal electrodes and the annular electrode (A). Monitor electrodes (M, Mazi) are respectively associated with the current electrodes (A, Aazi). The potential differences ( DELTA Vci) between the annular monitor electrode (M) and each of the azimuthal monitor electrodes (Mazi) are detected. In response to the detected potential differences, output signals (Rci) are generated indicative of the distances between the sonde and the wall of the borehole in a plurality of directions around the sonde. The invention also relates to the application of such a technique to azimuthal resistivity measurements of earth formations for correcting said measurements for sonde eccentring and/or for the irregular shape of the section of the borehole.

System and method for improving surface electromagnetic surveys

A technique provides a methodology for improving surveys of subterranean regions. The methodology comprises estimating macro anisotropy and an intrinsic or micro anisotropy of an overburden. A surface electromagnetic survey is conducted, and the data from the survey is inverted based on or including information gained from estimating the macro anisotropy and/or intrinsic anisotropy. A processor system can be used to conduct the inversion with the adjustments for anisotropy to improve the information provided by the survey.

System and method for displaying data associated with subsurface reservoirs

Method and system for visualizing one or more properties of a subterranean earth formation while drilling a borehole (204) using probability information from a modeling process. Probability waveforms (202) based on information from a plurality of borehole stations may be plotted, either alone or superimposed onto other graphical representations, to provide a visual display that is easily interpreted by a user to make geosteering decisions. The probability waveforms (202) include peaked sections (208a, 208b,...) that are proportional to the amount of uncertainty or error associated with a boundary estimate at a particular distance from an axis of the borehole. By providing a visual display of the uncertainty, a user can make better geosteering decisions.

Method and system to estimate fracture aperture in horizontal wells

A method for estimating a fracture aperture in a formation penetrated by a well includes obtaining at least one of a vertical resistivity (Rv) and a horizontal resistivity (Rh) of the formation; obtaining a mud resistivity (R mud ) or a matrix resistivity (R matrix ); and estimating the fracture aperture. The estimating of the fracture aperture may be performed by solving the following two equations: R v =V hf ·R m +(1−V hf )·R matrix and 1/R h =V hf ·1/R mud +(1−V hf )·1/R matrix , wherein V hf is the fracture aperture.

"system and method for using a resistivity tool with wired drill pipe and one or more wells".

Se utiliza una herramienta de resistividad con una tubería de perforación alámbrica y uno o más pozos. La herramienta de resistividad tiene un transmisor, módulos receptores localizados junto a la barrena de perforación, y módulos receptores de alta sensibilidad localizados a mayores distancias a partir de la barrena de perforación en relación con los módulos receptores. Los módulos receptores y/o los módulos receptores de alta sensibilidad también pueden hacer funciones de repetidor para la tubería de perforación alámbrica. La herramienta de resistividad puede ofrecer información respecto a una región subterránea que interese. La herramienta de resistividad puede utilizarse en un sistema con detectores y una distancia entre los detectores puede basarse en el tipo de medición que obtengan los detectores.

Well-bore sensor apparatus and method

System, Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ausführen von Messungen des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands in einem Bohrloch

Ein Werkzeug für das Protokollieren während des Bohrens, das für den Einbau in einen Bohrstrang (108), der eine Längsachse aufweist, geeignet ist. Der Bohrstrang (108) ist zum Bohren eines Bohrlochs (110), das eine geologische Formation (112) durchdringt, vorgesehen. Das Bohrwerkzeug umfasst einen Werkzeugkörper (118) mit einer Mittelachse (YY), die zur Längsachse des Bohrstrangs (108) parallel angeordnet ist, und einer äußeren Umfangsfläche (420), die von der Mittelachse (YY) radial nach außen beabstandet ist. Das Werkzeug umfasst außerdem eine Messvorrichtung zum Messen des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands eines Bohrlochfluids in dem Bohrloch (110). Die Messvorrichtung enthält eine Elektrodengruppe (130), die eine Strom emittierende Elektrode (A¶0¶) umfasst, die an der Umfangsfläche (420) angeordnet ist. Die Strom emittierende Elektrode (A¶0¶) ist dazu vorgesehen, Strom in einen Zielbereich des Bohrlochs (110), der seitlich zwischen der Umfangsfläche (420) und den Wänden des Bohrlochs (110) angeordnet ist, zu emittieren. An der Umfangsfläche (420) ist ferner eine Strom empfangendeElektrode (a¶1¶) angeordnet, die von der Strom emittierenden Elektrode (A¶0¶) beabstandet ist. Die Strom empfangende Elektrode (A¶1¶) ist dazu vorgesehen, Strom, der sich von der Strom emittierenden Elektrode (A¶0¶) in den Zielbereich ausgebreitet hat, zu empfangen. Die Elektrodengruppe (130) belegt einen Bogenabschnitt (THETA) der Umfangsfläche (420), die sich über weniger als etwa 180 DEG um ...

System and method for displaying data associated with subsurface reservoirs

Verfahren und bohrlochgerät zum untersuchen von geometrischen charakteristiken eines bohrlochs

Methods and apparatus to sample heavy oil in a subterranean formation

A method for sampling fluid in a subterranean formation includes, reducing a viscosity a fluid, pressurizing a portion of the subterranean formation, and collecting a fluid sample. Specifically, a viscosity of a fluid in a portion of the subterranean formation is reduced and a portion of the subterranean formation is pressurizing by injecting a displacement fluid into the subterranean formation. A sample of the fluid pressurized by the displacement fluid is then collected.