Fuel System Inlet Check Valve with Flame Arresting feature

An inlet check valve assembly with flame arresting feature. An internal flame arresting feature utilizes a flame arrester body attached to a valve member which protrudes into the valve throat. An external flame arresting feature utilizes a hood concentrically disposed relative to the valve member. The flame arresting feature is configured relative to movement of the valve member with respect to the throat such that fluidic communication between the fuel fill pipe and the fuel tank is limited to less than the minimum flame propagation distance of the fuel and air mixture in which a combustible mixture may exist in the fuel fill pipe, whereby any flame front in the fuel fill pipe will quench thereat before reaching the fuel tank.

LITHIUM ION BATTERY WITH ELECTROLYTE-EMBEDDED SEPARATOR PARTICLES

A lithium ion battery in which electrically-non conducting ceramic particles are interposed between the anode and cathode to enforce separation between them and prevent short circuits is described. The particles, preferably equiaxed or monodisperse, may be generally uniformly dispersed in a non-aqueous gelled or high viscosity electrolyte. The electrolyte may be applied to one or both of the anode and cathode in suitable thickness to deposit the particles with the electrolyte and form a layered composite with substantially uniformly spaced particles suitable for holding the opposing anode and cathode faces in spaced-apart relation. The thickness of the applied electrolyte layer will be selected to enable deposition of the particles substantially as a fractional monolayer, a monolayer, or a multilayer as required for the application. 1. A lithium ion battery comprising an anode with a surface and a cathode with a surface , the anode surface and the cathode surface being maintained in spaced apart opposition only by a plurality of substantially uniformly dispersed , electrically non-conducting ceramic particles with characteristic dimensions of between 2 and 30 micrometers and disposed as at least a fraction of a monolayer between the anode and cathode surfaces; the particle characteristic dimension substantially enforcing the extent of the anode-cathode separation; and , the spaced apart anode and cathode surfaces confining between them a non-aqueous lithium-conducting electrolyte in ionic contact with the particles , the anode and the cathode.2. The lithium ion battery recited in in which the particles are of substantially equal characteristic dimension and are one or more of the group consisting of spherical claim 1 , equiaxed claim 1 , cylindrical and branched.3. The lithium ion battery recited in in which the particles are one or more of the group consisting of oxides claim 1 , carbides and nitrides.4. The lithium ion battery recited in in which the particles are ...

POWERTRAIN SYSTEM WITH FAULT-TOLERANT COASTING CONTROL LOGIC

A method for fault-tolerant coasting control of a powertrain system having an engine and a first energy storage system (ESS) includes receiving a real impedance value of the first ESS from a frequency analyzer device at a calibrated frequency while the engine is running, and comparing the real impedance value to a calibrated impedance. A coasting maneuver is enabled allowing the engine to turn off above a threshold speed when the real impedance value is less than the calibrated impedance. The method may include starting the engine using a second ESS in parallel with the first ESS to exit the coasting maneuver when the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. Subsequent execution of the coasting maneuver may be prevented as long as the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. A powertrain system includes the engine, starter motor, rechargeable ESS, frequency analyzer, and controller. 1. A method for providing fault-tolerant coasting control of a powertrain having an engine and a first energy storage system , the method comprising:receiving, via a controller, a real impedance value of the first energy storage system from a frequency analyzer device at a calibrated frequency while the engine is running;comparing the real impedance value to a calibrated impedance value; andexecuting a coasting maneuver of the powertrain by turning off the engine above a threshold speed only when the real impedance value is less than the calibrated impedance value.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the threshold speed is a speed of the engine.3. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , where the powertrain includes a second energy storage system in electrical parallel with the first energy storage system claim 1 , the method comprising:starting the engine using energy from the second energy storage system to thereby exit the coasting maneuver when the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance value; andpreventing a subsequent execution of the coasting ...

Power Control Systems And Methods For Mixed Voltage Systems

In a vehicle, a first energy storage device has a first direct current (DC) operating voltage; and a second energy storage device has a second DC operating voltage. The second DC operating voltage is greater than or less than the first DC operating voltage the first DC operating voltage. A switch is connected between the first and second energy storage devices. A fault diagnostic module, while an internal combustion engine of the vehicle is shut down, diagnoses that a fault is present when a voltage of the first energy storage device is less than a predetermined DC voltage. The predetermined DC voltage is less than the first DC operating voltage. A switch control module closes the switch when the fault is diagnosed. A starter control module, when the fault is diagnosed, applies power to a starter from the second energy storage device via the switch. 1. An electrical system of a vehicle , comprising:a first energy storage device that has a first direct current (DC) operating voltage;a second energy storage device that has a second DC operating voltage,wherein the second DC operating voltage is one of (i) greater than the first DC operating voltage and (ii) less than the first DC operating voltage;a switch connected between the first energy storage device and the second energy storage device;a fault diagnostic module configured to, while an internal combustion engine of the vehicle is shut down, diagnose that a fault is present when a voltage of the first energy storage device is less than a predetermined DC voltage,wherein the predetermined DC voltage is less than the first DC operating voltage;a switch control module configured to maintain the switch open when the fault is not diagnosed and to close the switch when the fault is diagnosed; anda starter control module configured to, when the fault is diagnosed, apply power to a starter motor from the second energy storage device via the switch,wherein the starter motor rotatably drives a crankshaft of the internal ...

Capacitor-powered catalyst heater

An after-treatment (AT) system used to treat an exhaust gas flow emitted by an internal combustion engine includes a catalyst monolith configured to actively remove a pollutant from the exhaust gas flow. The AT system also includes a heating element configured to heat the catalyst monolith. The AT system additionally includes an energy-discharge unit configured to power the heating element. The energy-discharge unit includes an energy-storage device configured to supply electrical energy. The energy-discharge unit also includes a capacitor configured to receive the electrical energy from the energy-storage device and discharge the received electrical energy to power the heating element and thereby heat the catalyst monolith. A vehicle having an internal combustion engine operatively connected to such an AT system is also contemplated.

Process for releasing hydrogen from at least one hydrogen storage material

Verfahren zur Freisetzung von Wasserstoff aus wenigstens einem Wasserstoff-Speichermaterial und Regenerierung des mindestens einen Wasserstoff-Speichermaterials umfassend: Durchführen einer Wasserstoff-Herstellungsreaktion, indem eine erste partikelförmige Wasserstoff-Speichermaterial-Zusammensetzung mit einer Partikelgröße von maximal 100 μm mit einer zweiten partikelförmigen Wasserstoff-Speichermaterial-Zusammensetzung mit einer Partikelgröße von maximal 100 μm für einen Zeitraum und bei einer Temperatur umgesetzt wird, die ausreichen, um Wasserstoff (H2) und eine Oxid-Zusammensetzung herzustellen, wobei das erste Wasserstoff-Speichermaterial ein erstes Hydrid gemäß der Formel MIxHx enthält und das zweite Wasserstoff-Speichermaterial ein erstes Hydroxid gemäß der Formel MIIy(OH)y enthält, wobei MI und MII, unabhängig voneinander, aus der Gruppe ausgewählt werden, welche aus Al, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Cs, Fe, Ga, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Rb, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, Zn und Mischungen daraus besteht, und Durchführen einer Regenerierungsreaktion unter Verwendung der Oxid-Zusammensetzung, um eine Spezies eines zweiten Hydrids, eines zweiten Hydroxids oder beides zu bilden. A method for releasing hydrogen from at least one hydrogen storage material and regenerating the at least one hydrogen storage material comprising: carrying out a hydrogen production reaction by combining a first particulate hydrogen storage material composition with a particle size of at most 100 μm with a second particulate hydrogen storage material Composition with a particle size of at most 100 μm for a period and at a temperature which is sufficient to produce hydrogen (H2) and an oxide composition, the first hydrogen storage material containing a first hydride according to the formula MIxHx and the second hydrogen storage material contains a first hydroxide according to the formula MIIy (OH) y, where MI and MII, independently of one another, are selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Cs ...

Hybrid two- and three-component host-guest nanocomposites and method for manufacturing the same

A hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite useful as a cathode in high discharge capacity lithium batteries is provided. The nanocomposite includes macromolecules that are located inside interlayer galleries of V 2 O 5 . These macromolecules include either conducting conjugated polymers or a combination of conducting conjugated polymers and ion conducting polymers. The nanocomposites possess high charge/discharge characteristics. A solvent-free mechanochemical method for the preparation of the hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites is also provided.

Methods of storing hydrogen in hydrogen storage systems

In one aspect, the invention provides a method of storing hydrogen that comprises reacting two precursors to form a hydrogen storage composition comprising hydrogen, nitrogen, a Group 13 element, and an element selected from Group 1, Group 2 or mixtures thereof. In other aspects, the present invention provides a method of storing hydrogen by ball-milling two precursors at a temperature in a range sufficient to prevent pre-mature release of hydrogen, while the temperature is still sufficient to induce reaction between the precursors. The precursors preferably have X-H, Y-H and A-H bonds where X represents a Group 13 element, Y represents a Group 15 element, and A represents an element from Group 1, Group 2, or mixtures thereof. Other variations of the methods of storing hydrogen are further provided.

Hydrogen storage system materials and methods containing hydrides and hydroxides

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff umfassend: Reagieren eines ersten Teils eines Hydrids mit Wasser, um in einer ersten Reaktion Wärme zu erzeugen, und Reagieren eines zweiten Teils des Hydrids und eines Hydroxids in einer zweiten Reaktion, indem die Wärme darauf übertragen wird. Process for producing hydrogen comprising: Reacting a first portion of a hydride with water to generate heat in a first reaction, and reacting a second portion of the hydride and a hydroxide in a second reaction by transferring the heat thereto.

Hydrogen storage system materials and methods including hydrides and hydroxides

In one aspect, the present invention provides a system for methods of producing and releasing hydrogen from hydrogen storage compositions having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such a composition comprises a hydride and a hydroxide. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an oxide. A first reaction in conducted between a portion of the hydride and water to generate heat sufficient to cause a second hydrogen production reaction between a remaining portion of the hydride and the hydroxide.

Methods of storing hydrogen in hydrogen storage systems

In one aspect, the invention provides a method of storing hydrogen that comprises reacting two precursors to form a hydrogen storage composition comprising hydrogen, nitrogen, a Group 13 element, and an element selected from Group 1, Group 2 or mixtures thereof. In other aspects, the present invention provides a method of storing hydrogen by ball-milling two precursors at a temperature in a range sufficient to prevent pre-mature release of hydrogen, while the temperature is still sufficient to induce reaction between the precursors. The precursors preferably have X-H, Y-H and A-H bonds where X represents a Group 13 element, Y represents a Group 15 element, and A represents an element from Group 1, Group 2, or mixtures thereof. Other variations of the methods of storing hydrogen are further provided.

Battery and hydrogen fuel cell charging regulator

A charging regulator assembly for an energy storing device includes an active material actuator configured to move a contact from a connected position permitting current transfer between the contact and a power bus into a disconnected position preventing current transfer between the contact and the power bus. The active material actuator is engaged in response to a temperature of the active material actuator rising above a pre-determined value. Moving the contact into the disconnected position prevents further current transfer into or out of the energy storing device, thereby preventing further heating of the energy storing device and preventing potential damage to the energy storing device form overheating.

Batterie- und Wasserstoffbrennstoffzellenladeregler

Eine Ladereglerbaugruppe für einen Energiespeicher umfasst einen Aktor aus aktivem Material, der zum Bewegen eines Kontakts aus einer verbundenen Stellung, die Stromübertragung zwischen dem Kontakt und einem Leistungsbus gestattet, in eine getrennte Stellung, die Stromübertragung zwischen dem Kontakt und dem Leistungsbus verhindert, gestaltet ist. Der Aktor aus aktivem Material wird als Reaktion darauf eingekoppelt, dass eine Temperatur des Aktors aus aktivem Material über einen vorgegebenen Wert steigt. Das Bewegen des Kontakts in die getrennte Stellung verhindert eine weitere Stromübertragung in den oder aus dem Energiespeicher und verhindert dadurch eine weitere Erwärmung des Energiespeichers und verhindert eine mögliche Schädigung des Energiespeichers durch Überhitzen.

Reglerbaugruppe zum Regeln eines Ladevorgangs für einen Energiespeicher

Reglerbaugruppe (26) zum Regeln eines Ladevorgangs für einen Energiespeicher (20), welche Folgendes umfasst:einen Leistungsbus (30), der zum Regeln eine Ladeflusses zu dem Energiespeicher (20) gestaltet ist,einen Kontakt (76), der zwischen einer verbundenen Stellung und einer getrennten Stellung beweglich ist, wobei der Kontakt (76) mit dem Leistungsbus (30) gekoppelt ist, wenn er sich in der verbundenen Stellung befindet,um den Ladefluss zu dem Energiespeicher (20) zu gestatten, und der Kontakt (76) von dem Leistungsbus (30) entkoppelt ist, wenn er sich in der getrennten Stellung befindet, um den Ladefluss zu dem Energiespeicher (20) zu verhindern,eine Vorspannungseinrichtung (60), die mit dem Kontakt (76) gekoppelt ist und zum Vorspannen des Kontakts (76) in eine von der verbundenen Stellung und der getrennten Stellung gestaltet ist, undeinen Aktor (38, 62), der mit dem Kontakt (76) gekoppelt ist und zum Bewegen des Kontakts (76) aus der einen von der verbundenen Stellung undder getrennten Stellung in die andere von der verbundenen Stellung undder getrennten Stellung gestaltet ist, wenn ein Rückkopplungssignal aus dem Energiespeicher (20) gleich einem oder größer als ein vorgegebener Wert ist.

Scaffolded borazine - lithium hydride hydrogen storage materials

In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composite formed of a mesoporous scaffolding material and a hydrogen storage composition comprising precursors that react to form quarternary B-H-Li-N composition. In another aspect, the invention provides a process for forming hydrogen storage material. In each aspect, a high portion of hydrogen is released as hydrogen gas and a lesser portion of hydrogen is released as a hydrogen-containing byproduct.

Hydrogen storage materials and methods including hybrides and hydroxides

In one aspect, the invention provides a hydrogen storage composition having a hydrogenated state and a dehydrogenated state. In the hydrogenated state, such composition comprises a hydride and a hydroxide. In a dehydrogenated state, the composition comprises an oxide. The present invention also provides methods of producing hydrogen, including for mobile fuel cell device applications.

Wasserstoff-Speichermaterialien und -verfahren enthaltend Hydride und Hydroxide

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wasserstoff umfassend: Durchführen einer Reaktion zwischen einer Hydrid-Zusammensetzung und einer Hydroxid-Zusammensetzung, um Wasserstoff und eine Oxid-Zusammensetzung zu bilden, wobei die Hydroxid-Zusammensetzung eine oder mehrere kationische Spezies aufweist, die nicht Wasserstoff ist bzw. sind.

Motorsteuerung mit Ausgleich der Kraftstoffflüchtigkeit

Powertrain system with fault-tolerant coasting control logic

A method for fault-tolerant coasting control of a powertrain system having an engine and a first energy storage system (ESS) includes receiving a real impedance value of the first ESS from a frequency analyzer device at a calibrated frequency while the engine is running, and comparing the real impedance value to a calibrated impedance. A coasting maneuver is enabled allowing the engine to turn off above a threshold speed when the real impedance value is less than the calibrated impedance. The method may include starting the engine using a second ESS in parallel with the first ESS to exit the coasting maneuver when the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. Subsequent execution of the coasting maneuver may be prevented as long as the real impedance value exceeds the calibrated impedance. A powertrain system includes the engine, starter motor, rechargeable ESS, frequency analyzer, and controller.