VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEM

An evaporator ( 168 ) in a vapor compression system ( 14 ) ( 168 ) includes a shell ( 76 ), a first tube bundle ( 78 ); a hood ( 86 ); a distributor ( 80 ); a first supply line ( 142 ); a second supply line ( 144 ); a valve ( 122 ) positioned in the second supply line ( 144 ); and a sensor ( 150 ). The distributor ( 80 ) is positioned above the first tube bundle ( 78 ). The hood ( 88 ) covers the first tube bundle ( 78 ). The first supply line ( 142 ) is connected to the distributor ( 80 ) and an end of the second supply line ( 144 ) is positioned near the hood ( 88 ). The sensor ( 150 ) is configured and positioned to sense a level of liquid refrigerant ( 82 ) in the shell. The valve ( 122 ) regulates flow in the second supply line in response to the level of liquid refrigerant ( 82 ) from the sensor ( 150 ).

Heat Recovery System Series Arrangements

The present disclosure is directed to heat recovery systems that employ two or more organic Rankine cycle (ORC) units disposed in series. According to certain embodiments, each ORC unit includes an evaporator that heats an organic working fluid, a turbine generator set that expands the working fluid to generate electricity, a condenser that cools the working fluid, and a pump that returns the working fluid to the evaporator. The heating fluid is directed through each evaporator to heat the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit, and the cooling fluid is directed through each condenser to cool the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit. The heating fluid and the cooling fluid flow through the ORC units in series in the same or opposite directions. 1. A system comprising:a first organic Rankine cycle unit configured to circulate a first organic working fluid within a first closed loop through a first Rankine cycle of expansion and pressurization;a second organic Rankine cycle unit configured to circulate a second organic working fluid within a second closed loop through a second Rankine cycle of expansion and pressurization; anda heating fluid circuit configured to circulate a heating fluid through the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit to heat the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid;wherein the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit are disposed in series with respect to the heating fluid circuit.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit each comprise a turbine and generator to produce electricity.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid each comprise a single-component refrigerant.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid are the same.5. The system of ...

VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEM

A distributor for use in a vapor compression system includes an enclosure configured to be positioned in a heat exchanger having a tube bundle including a plurality of tubes extending substantially horizontally in the heat exchanger. At least one distribution device formed in an end of the enclosure positioned to face the tube bundle, the at least one distribution device configured to apply a fluid entering the distributor onto the tube bundle. The enclosure has an aspect ratio between about 1/2:1 and about 10:1. 1. A distributor for use in a vapor compression system comprising:an enclosure configured to be positioned in a heat exchanger having a tube bundle comprising a plurality of tubes extending substantially horizontally in the heat exchanger; andat least one distribution device formed in an end of the enclosure positioned to face the tube bundle, the at least one distribution device configured to apply a fluid entering the distributor onto the tube bundle;wherein the enclosure has an aspect ratio between about 1/2:1 and about 10:1.2. The distributor of claim 1 , wherein the end of the enclosure comprises an end feature and the at least one distribution device comprises at least one opening formed in the end feature claim 1 ,wherein the at least one opening is configured and disposed to distribute fluid at a spray angle of between about 60 degrees and about 180 degrees over substantially an entire range of fluid pressures associated with operation of the distributor of the system.3. The distributor of claim 2 , wherein the end feature comprises at least one of a curved profile claim 2 , a linear profile or a combination thereof.4. The distributor of claim 2 , comprising generally parallel opposed portions extending away from the end of the enclosure.5. The distributor of claim 4 , wherein the opposed portions can deviate from between zero degrees and about 45 degrees from parallel to each other.6. The distributor of claim 4 , wherein a reference line associated ...

OUTSIDE AIR HANDLING UNIT

An outside air handling unit and method for delivering conditioned air to individual heating/cooling zones of a building regardless of whether heating/cooling in needed. The outside air handling unit includes a liquid supply line which is connected to and draws liquid from a chilled supply line of the building. 1. An outside air handling unit for delivering conditioned air to individual heating/cooling zones of a building regardless of whether heating/cooling in needed , the outside air handling unit comprising:a liquid supply line which is connected to and draws liquid from a chilled supply line of the building.2. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 1 , wherein a liquid return line extends from the outside air handling unit and is connected to and is in fluid communication with a chilled return line of the building.3. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 1 , wherein a first coil is provided to pre-cool the outside air entering the outside air handling unit.4. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 3 , wherein a second coil is provided to further condition the outside air after the outside air encounters the first coil.5. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 4 , wherein the second coil is an evaporator coil.6. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 5 , wherein a liquid cooled condenser is provided claim 5 , the liquid cooled condenser receives the liquid from the first coil.7. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 3 , wherein a bypass circuit is provided to direct fluid exiting the first coil to be directed to the liquid return line claim 3 , bypassing a liquid cooled condenser of the air handling unit.8. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 1 , wherein a pump is provided to regulate the flow of the liquid through the outside air handling unit.9. The outside air handling unit as recited in claim 1 , wherein a control unit is provided to control the operation of the outside air ...

A MODULAR LIQUID BASED HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM

A modular water based heating and cooling system for providing chilled or heated water to terminal devices in a building to heat/cool individual zones in the building. The system includes a flow control device in fluid communication with a riser chilled water supply line, a riser chilled water return line, a riser heated water supply line, and a riser heated water return line. The flow control device includes first control valves and second control valves. Terminal device supply lines extend from the flow control device and are connected to respective first control valves. Terminal device return lines extend from the flow control device and are connected to respective second control valves. The first control valves and the second control valves cooperate to supply required chilled water or heated water through the terminal device supply lines to terminal devices based on the cooling/heating requirements of the terminal devices. 1. A modular liquid based heating and cooling system for providing heating and air conditioning in a building , the system comprising:a riser chilled liquid supply line, a riser chilled liquid return line, a riser heated liquid supply line, and a riser heated liquid return line; at least one first control valve in fluid communication with the riser chilled liquid supply line and the riser heated liquid supply line;', 'at least one second control valve in fluid communication with the riser chilled liquid return line and the riser heated liquid return line;', 'at least one terminal device supply line extending from the at least one first control valve;', 'at least one terminal device return line extending from the at least one second valve control;, 'a flow control device in fluid communication with the riser chilled liquid supply line, the riser chilled liquid return line, the riser heated liquid supply line, and the riser heated liquid return line, the flow control device comprisingat least one terminal device in fluid communication with the ...

HEAT EXCHANGER FOR A VAPOR COMPRESSION SYSTEM

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a vapor compression system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop, where the condenser includes a plurality of tubes disposed in a shell and a diffusion area configured to enhance thermal energy transfer within the condenser, where the diffusion area is defined by a cavity of the condenser without a tube of the plurality of tubes, and an evaporator disposed downstream of the condenser along the refrigerant loop. 1. A vapor compression system comprising:a refrigerant loop;a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop;a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop, wherein the condenser comprises a plurality of tubes disposed in a shell and a diffusion area configured to enhance thermal energy transfer within the condenser, wherein the diffusion area is defined by a cavity of the condenser without a tube of the plurality of tubes; andan evaporator disposed downstream of the condenser along the refrigerant loop.2. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant has a normal boiling point of up to 66 degrees Fahrenheit.3. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the condenser comprises a refrigerant distribution system that includes at least one opening configured to direct the refrigerant into the diffusion area.4. The vapor compression system of claim 3 , wherein the diffusion area comprises a perimeter defined by a first row of tubes disposed within a shell of the condenser.5. The vapor compression system of claim 4 , wherein the first row of tubes comprises a first tube and a second tube claim 4 , wherein the first tube and the second tube are spaced apart by a width claim 4 , and wherein the first tube ...

HEAT EXCHANGER WITH WATER BOX

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a vapor compression system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, and a heat exchanger disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to place the refrigerant in a heat exchange relationship with a cooling fluid. The heat exchanger includes a water box portion having a first length, a shell having a second length, a plurality of tubes disposed in the shell and configured to flow the cooling fluid, and a cooling fluid portion having a third length, where the water box portion and the cooling fluid portion are coupled to the shell, such that the first length, the second length, and the third length form a combined length of the heat exchanger that is substantially equal to a target length. 1. A vapor compression system comprising:a refrigerant loop;a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop; anda heat exchanger disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to place the refrigerant in a heat exchange relationship with a cooling fluid, wherein the heat exchanger comprises a water box portion having a first length, a shell having a second length, a plurality of tubes disposed in the shell and configured to flow the cooling fluid, and a cooling fluid portion having a third length, wherein the water box portion and the cooling fluid portion are coupled to the shell, such that the first length, the second length, and the third length form a combined length of the heat exchanger that is substantially equal to a target length.2. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger comprises an additional water box portion having a fourth length claim 1 , wherein the additional water box portion is coupled to the cooling fluid portion claim 1 , such that the first length claim 1 , the second length claim 1 , the third ...

CONDENSER WITH EXTERNAL SUBCOOLER

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a vapor compression system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop and configured to condense vapor refrigerant to liquid refrigerant, a subcooler coupled to the condenser, where the subcooler is external of a shell of the condenser, and where the subcooler is configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser and to cool the liquid refrigerant to sub cooled refrigerant, and an evaporator disposed downstream of the subcooler along the refrigerant loop and configured to evaporate the subcooled refrigerant to the vapor refrigerant. 1. A vapor compression system comprising:a refrigerant loop;a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop;a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop and configured to condense vapor refrigerant to liquid refrigerant;a subcooler coupled to the condenser, wherein the subcooler is external to a shell of the condenser, and wherein the subcooler is configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser and to cool the liquid refrigerant to subcooled refrigerant; andan evaporator disposed downstream of the subcooler along the refrigerant loop and configured to evaporate the subcooled refrigerant into the vapor refrigerant.2. The vapor compression system of claim 1 , wherein the subcooler comprises a subcooler shell claim 1 , and wherein a plurality of tubes configured to flow a cooling fluid are disposed within the subcooler shell.3. The vapor compression system of claim 2 , wherein the condenser comprises a plurality of additional tubes configured to flow the cooling fluid claim 2 , and wherein the plurality of additional tubes are disposed in the shell of the condenser.4. The vapor ...

CONDENSER WITH EXTERNAL SUBCOOLER

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a vapor compression system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop and configured to condense vapor refrigerant to liquid refrigerant, a subcooler coupled to the condenser, where the subcooler is external of a shell of the condenser, and where the subcooler is configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser and to cool the liquid refrigerant to subcooled refrigerant, and an evaporator disposed downstream of the subcooler along the refrigerant loop and configured to evaporate the subcooled refrigerant to the vapor refrigerant. 120-. (canceled)21. A vapor compression system , comprising:a refrigerant loop;a condenser disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to condense vapor refrigerant to generate liquid refrigerant, wherein the condenser comprises a first plurality of tubes and a first shell having a cylindrical shape in which the first plurality of tubes is disposed;a subcooler disposed along the refrigerant loop downstream from the condenser and configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser, wherein the subcooler comprises a second plurality of tubes and a second shell in which the second plurality of tubes is disposed; andan intermediate conduit extending from the cylindrical shape of the first shell to the second shell, wherein the intermediate conduit is configured to pass the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the subcooler.22. The vapor compression system of claim 21 , comprising an additional intermediate conduit extending from the cylindrical shape of the first shell to the second shell claim 21 , wherein the additional intermediate conduit is configured to pass the liquid refrigerant from the condenser to the subcooler.23. The vapor compression system of claim 21 , wherein ...

Systems and methods for adaptive capacity constraint management

An adaptive capacity constraint management system receives a measured value affected by HVAC equipment at actual operating conditions and uses the measured value to determine an operating value for a variable that affects a capacity of the HVAC equipment at the actual operating condition. The system uses the operating value to calculate a gain factor for the variable relative to design conditions and uses the calculated gain factor to determine a capacity gain for the HVAC equipment relative to the design conditions. The system applies the capacity gain to a design capacity limit for the HVAC equipment to determine a new capacity limit for the HVAC equipment at the actual operating conditions. The system may use the new capacity limit as a constraint in an optimization routine that that selects one or more devices of the HVAC equipment to satisfy a load setpoint.

CONVERGING SUCTION LINE FOR COMPRESSOR

A compressor includes an inlet and the inlet includes a flange and an impeller eye. The flange is connected to a suction line that transfers a refrigerant into the compressor via the impeller eye. The refrigerant flows into the compressor with an amount of swirl and a pressure loss. The suction line includes a geometry that includes a constantly decreasing cross-sectional area in a direction towards the compressor. The geometry of the suction line is configured to reduce the amount of swirl and the pressure loss. 120. -. (canceled)21. A compressor , comprising:an inlet including a flange and an impeller eye, the flange connected to a suction line that transfers a refrigerant into the compressor via the impeller eye;wherein the suction line includes a first geometry portion with a constantly and non-linearly decreasing cross-sectional area in a direction towards the compressor.22. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the suction line is fabricated using a metal casting process.23. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the compressor operates as part of a chiller assembly claim 21 , the chiller assembly including an evaporator configured to convert the refrigerant into a vapor claim 21 , a motor configured to drive the compressor claim 21 , and a condenser configured to convert the vapor into a liquid.24. The compressor of claim 23 , wherein the suction line is connected to the evaporator via an evaporator flange portion claim 23 , and wherein the refrigerant is transferred from the evaporator and through the suction line to the compressor.25. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the refrigerant completes a turn of approximately 90 degrees when flowing through the suction line and into the compressor.26. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the refrigerant is R1233zd.27. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the first geometry portion comprises a sight glass port.28. The compressor of claim 21 , wherein the first geometry portion comprises a pressure probe port.29. A ...

VARIABLE GEOMETRY DIFFUSER HAVING EXTENDED TRAVEL AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

An improved variable geometry diffuser (VGD) mechanism for use with a centrifugal compressor. This VGD mechanism extends substantially completely into the diffuser gap so that the VGD mechanism may be used more fully to control other operational functions. The VGD mechanism may be used to minimize compressor backspin and associated transient loads during compressor shut down by preventing a reverse flow of refrigerant gas through the diffuser gap during compressor shutdown, which is prevented because the diffuser gap is substantially blocked by the full extension of the diffuser ring. During start-up, transient surge and stall also can be effectively eliminated as gas flow through the diffuser gap can be impeded as load and impeller speed increase, thereby alleviating the problems caused by startup loads at low speeds. The VGD mechanism can be used for capacity control as well so as to achieve more effective turndown at low loads. 1. A variable geometry diffuser for a centrifugal compressor , the variable geometry diffuser comprising:a drive ring rotatably mounted and movable between a first position and a second position, the drive ring including a cam track positioned on a circumference of the drive ring;an actuator attached to the drive ring to move the drive ring from a first position to a second position;a drive pin connected to the drive ring;a cam follower connected to the drive pin, the cam follower mounted into the cam track of the drive ring;a diffuser ring connected to the drive pin, the diffuser ring mounted to move axially as the drive ring rotates, the diffuser ring movable within a diffuser gap, wherein the diffuser ring further includes a first flange extending from a surface of the ring in the direction of the diffuser gap; anda controller determining a position of the diffuser ring within the diffuser gap.2. The variable geometry diffuser of wherein the diffuser ring further includes a second flange substantially orthogonal to the first flange and ...

CONVERGING SUCTION LINE FOR COMPRESSOR

A compressor includes an inlet and the inlet includes a flange and an impeller eye. The flange is connected to a suction line that transfers a refrigerant into the compressor via the impeller eye. The refrigerant flows into the compressor with an amount of swirl and a pressure loss. The suction line includes a geometry that includes a constantly decreasing cross-sectional area in a direction towards the compressor. The geometry of the suction line is configured to reduce the amount of swirl and the pressure loss. 1. A compressor , comprising:an inlet including a flange and an impeller eye, the flange connected to a suction line that transfers a refrigerant into the compressor via the impeller eye, wherein the refrigerant flows into the compressor with an amount of swirl and a pressure loss;wherein the suction line includes a geometry that includes a constantly decreasing cross-sectional area in a direction towards the compressor, the geometry of the suction line configured to reduce the amount of swirl and the pressure loss.2. The compressor of claim 1 , wherein the constantly decreasing cross-sectional area decreases at a non-linear rate.3. The compressor of claim 1 , wherein the compressor operates as part of a chiller assembly claim 1 , the chiller assembly including an evaporator configured to convert the refrigerant into a vapor claim 1 , a motor configured to drive the compressor claim 1 , and a condenser configured to convert the vapor into a liquid.4. The compressor of claim 3 , wherein the suction line is connected to the evaporator via an evaporator flange claim 3 , and wherein the refrigerant is transferred from the evaporator and through the suction line to the compressor.5. The compressor of claim 1 , wherein a compressor inlet angle ranges from 4-10 degrees claim 1 , the compressor inlet angle defined from a top edge of the impeller eye to a top edge of the flange.6. The compressor of claim 4 , wherein a ratio of diameter of the evaporator flange to ...

LIQUID DETECTION SYSTEM

The present disclosure relates to a sensor disposed in a conduit on a suction side of a compressor, wherein the conduit is configured to convey a fluid and a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor. The controller includes a processor and a memory, the memory is configured to store instructions to be performed by the processor, and the controller is configured to receive one or more indications from the sensor of an amount of power consumed by an active sensor component, determine a presence of liquid in the fluid based at least on the one or more indications, and control a device based on the presence of liquid in the fluid. 1. A liquid detection system , comprising:a sensor disposed in a conduit on a suction side of a compressor, wherein the conduit is configured to convey a fluid; anda controller communicatively coupled to the sensor, wherein the controller comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is configured to store instructions to be performed by the processor, and wherein the controller is configured to:receive one or more indications from the sensor of an amount of power consumed by an active sensor component;determine a presence of liquid in the fluid based at least on the one or more indications; andcontrol a device based on the presence of liquid in the fluid.2. The liquid detection system of claim 1 , wherein the sensor is a thermal flow sensor.3. The liquid detection system of claim 2 , wherein a tip portion of the thermal flow sensor comprises the active sensor component claim 2 , and wherein the active sensor component comprises a heating element.4. The liquid detection system of claim 3 , wherein the thermal flow sensor is configured to monitor the amount of power consumed by the heating element to maintain a temperature set point.5. The liquid detection system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to control the device based on the presence of liquid in the fluid claim 1 , such that the presence of liquid in the ...

VARIABLE GEOMETRY DIFFUSER HAVING EXTENDED TRAVEL AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

An improved variable geometry diffuser (VGD) mechanism for use with a centrifugal compressor. This VGD mechanism extends substantially completely into the diffuser gap so that the VGD mechanism may be used more fully to control other operational functions. The VGD mechanism may be used to minimize compressor backspin and associated transient loads during compressor shut down by preventing a reverse flow of refrigerant gas through the diffuser gap during compressor shutdown, which is prevented because the diffuser gap is substantially blocked by the full extension of the diffuser ring. During start-up, transient surge and stall also can be effectively eliminated as gas flow through the diffuser gap can be impeded as load and impeller speed increase, thereby alleviating the problems caused by startup loads at low speeds. The VGD mechanism can be used for capacity control as well so as to achieve more effective turndown at low loads. 1. A variable geometry diffuser for a centrifugal compressor , comprising:a diffuser ring configured to extend into a diffuser gap formed between a nozzle base plate and a diffuser plate; andan actuator configured to move the diffuser ring between a retracted position and an extended position to control a capacity of the centrifugal compressor without prerotation vanes, wherein the diffuser ring extends across the diffuser gap in the extended position to enable a first surface of the diffuser ring to engage with a mating surface of the diffuser plate or the nozzle base plate.2. The variable geometry diffuser of claim 1 , wherein the diffuser ring is disposed within a groove of the nozzle base plate claim 1 , wherein the diffuser ring has an L-shaped cross-section formed by a first flange and a second flange extending crosswise to the first flange claim 1 , wherein a radial thickness of the first flange is less than a radial thickness of the second flange claim 1 , and wherein a radial gap extends between the second flange and the groove.3. ...

Modular liquid based heating and cooling system

A modular water based heating and cooling system for providing chilled or heated water to terminal devices in a building to heat/cool individual zones in the building. The system includes a flow control device in fluid communication with a riser chilled water supply line, a riser chilled water return line, a riser heated water supply line, and a riser heated water return line. The flow control device includes first control valves and second control valves. Terminal device supply lines extend from the flow control device and are connected to respective first control valves. Terminal device return lines extend from the flow control device and are connected to respective second control valves. The first control valves and the second control valves cooperate to supply required chilled water or heated water through the terminal device supply lines to terminal devices based on the cooling/heating requirements of the terminal devices.

Variable geometry diffuser having extended travel

Method and apparatus for variable refrigerant chiller operation

A refrigeration system includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, an evaporator, and an additional refrigerant vessel connected in a closed refrigerant loop. The additional refrigerant vessel is connected to the condenser at the high pressure side by a first valve and to the evaporator at a low pressure side by a second valve. A controller controls operation of the first valve and the second valve. Only one of the first valve and the second valve may be open at the same time. Refrigerant from the additional refrigerant vessel may be added to the closed refrigerant loop when the controller receives a low refrigerant level indication of in the evaporator. Refrigerant may also be removed from the closed refrigerant loop when the controller receives a high refrigerant level indication in the evaporator.

Variable geometry diffuser having extended travel and control method thereof

An improved variable geometry diffuser (VGD) mechanism for use with a centrifugal compressor. This VGD mechanism extends substantially completely into the diffuser gap so that the VGD mechanism may be used more fully to control other operational functions. The VGD mechanism may be used to minimize compressor backspin and associated transient loads during compressor shut down by preventing a reverse flow of refrigerant gas through the diffuser gap during compressor shutdown, which is prevented because the diffuser gap is substantially blocked by the full extension of the diffuser ring. During start-up, transient surge and stall also can be effectively eliminated as gas flow through the diffuser gap can be impeded as load and impeller speed increase, thereby alleviating the problems caused by startup loads at low speeds. The VGD mechanism can be used for capacity control as well so as to achieve more effective turndown at low loads.

Distributor for use in a vapor compression system

A distributor (142) for use in a vapor compression system (14) includes an enclosure (144) configured to be positioned in a heat exchanger (38) having a tube bundle (78) including a plurality of tubes extending substantially horizontally in the heat exchanger (38). At least one distribution device (146) formed in an end (148) of the enclosure (144) positioned to face the tube bundle (78), the at least one distribution device (146) configured to apply a fluid entering the distributor (142) onto the tube bundle (78). The enclosure (144) has an aspect ratio between about 1/2:1 and about 10:1.

Building system with automatic chiller anti-surge control

A method of operating a chiller to avoid future surge events, the method comprises applying chiller operating data associated with a chiller as an input to one or more machine learning models; and generating a threshold for a controllable chiller variable to prevent a future chiller surge event from occurring based on an output of the one or more machine learning models, further comprising affecting operation of the chiller based on the threshold to prevent the future chiller surge event from occurring. The method enables automatic control of a chiller to avoid future chiller surge events.

Chiller rating engine digital twin and energy balance model

A method for controlling building equipment. The method includes obtaining a device model for a physical device of building equipment installed at a building site, the device model indicating an expected performance of the physical device under design operating conditions. The method further includes obtaining operating conditions under which the physical device is operating at the building site, and generating a virtual device representing the physical device by adapting the device model to the operating conditions. The method also includes using a rating engine to generate a device rating for the virtual device, the device rating indicating an expected performance of the physical device under the operating conditions. The method also includes obtaining actual operating data indicating an actual performance of the physical device under the operating conditions, and initiating an automated action based on a comparison of the actual operating data with the device rating for the virtual device.

Chiller rating engine digital twin and energy balance model

A method for controlling building equipment. The method includes obtaining a device model for a physical device of building equipment installed at a building site, the device model indicating an expected performance of the physical device under design operating conditions. The method further includes obtaining operating conditions under which the physical device is operating at the building site, and generating a virtual device representing the physical device by adapting the device model to the operating conditions. The method also includes using a rating engine to generate a device rating for the virtual device, the device rating indicating an expected performance of the physical device under the operating conditions. The method also includes obtaining actual operating data indicating an actual performance of the physical device under the operating conditions, and initiating an automated action based on a comparison of the actual operating data with the device rating for the virtual device.

A system with automatic chiller anti-surge and methods of operating a chiller to avoid future surge events

A method of operating a chiller to avoid future surge events, the method comprises applying chiller operating data associated with a chiller as an input to one or more machine learning models; and generating a threshold for a controllable chiller variable to prevent a future chiller surge event from occurring based on an output of the one or more machine learning models, further comprising affecting operation of the chiller based on the threshold to prevent the future chiller surge event from occurring. The method enables automatic control of a chiller to avoid future chiller surge events.

A system with automatic chiller anti-surge and methods of operating a chiller to avoid future surge events

A method of operating a chiller to avoid future surge events, the method comprises applying chiller operating data associated with a chiller as an input to one or more machine learning models; and generating a threshold for a controllable chiller variable to prevent a future chiller surge event from occurring based on an output of the one or more machine learning models, further comprising affecting operation of the chiller based on the threshold to prevent the future chiller surge event from occurring. The method enables automatic control of a chiller to avoid future chiller surge events.

Heat recovery system series arrangements

The present disclosure is directed to heat recovery systems that employ two or more organic Rankine cycle (ORC) units disposed in series. According to certain embodiments, each ORC unit includes an evaporator that heats an organic working fluid, a turbine generator set that expands the working fluid to generate electricity, a condenser that cools the working fluid, and a pump that returns the working fluid to the evaporator. The heating fluid is directed through each evaporator to heat the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit, and the cooling fluid is directed through each condenser to cool the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit. The heating fluid and the cooling fluid flow through the ORC units in series in the same or opposite directions.

Systems and methods for adaptive capacity constraint management

An adaptive capacity constraint management system receives a measured value affected by HVAC equipment at actual operating conditions and uses the measured value to determine an operating value for a variable that affects a capacity of the HVAC equipment at the actual operating condition. The system uses the operating value to calculate a gain factor for the variable relative to design conditions and uses the calculated gain factor to determine a capacity gain for the HVAC equipment relative to the design conditions. The system applies the capacity gain to a design capacity limit for the HVAC equipment to determine a new capacity limit for the HVAC equipment at the actual operating conditions. The system may use the new capacity limit as a constraint in an optimization routine that that selects one or more devices of the HVAC equipment to satisfy a load setpoint.