ORGANISCH- ANORGANISCHER NANOVERBUNDWERKSTOFF UND DESSEN HERSTELLUNG

Spielzeugblock mit eingebauten Magneten zum Zusammenbauen

Der Block und Spielzeug das ein Magnet benutzt, befindet sich aus einer Dachplatte (2) und Bodenplatte (3) mit an jeder Ecke nach oben und unten führenden Einfügungsloch (6) und mittleren Loch (7), in dieses mittlere Loch (7) wird das Kugel-Magnet (8) eingeschoben und die 4 Säulen werden an die je oberer und unterer Seite befindenden Vorsprunge (5) in das Einfügungsloch eingeschoben und konfiguriert, innerhalb der Dachplatte (20), Bodenplatte (30) und Säulen (40, 41, 42, 43) befinden sich wieder Vorsprünge (21, 22, 23, 24), (25, 26, 27, 28) an denen die Schienen (9, 9')(11, 11'), (9a, 9b, 11a, 11b) für die Einschieb-Aushöhlung (23', 24', 27', 28') und (23a, 23b, 28a, 18b) zusammenbaubare Blocke (1)(1')(1'')(1''') die wiederum zusammen konfiguriert werden oder die Blocke (1)(10)(50) aufgestapelt werden und danach ist eine Kugel (8a) auf die obrige Schiene zu beobachten, das als Spielzeug aber auch als Lermittel benutzbar ist, also ein Spielzeug Block mit eingebauten Magneten zum zusammenbauen ...

Quantenpunkt-Photovoltaikvorrichtung und deren Herstellungsverfahren

Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt eine halbleiterbasierte Photovoltaikvorrichtung und ein Herstellungsverfahren dafür bereit. Die halbleiterbasierte Photovoltaikvorrichtung ist in der Lage, Licht mit einer breitbandigen Wellenlänge zu absorbieren und hat eine hohe photoelektrische Konversionseffizienz, weil sie eine hohe Separationseffizienz für Elektron-Loch-Paare aufweist. Spezieller umfasst das verfahren zur Herstellung der Photovoltaikvorrichtung die Schritte a) Ausbilden einer Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht auf einem Halbleitersubstrat vom p- oder n-Typ, wobei die Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht innerhalb eines Mediums, bei welchem derselbe Typ von Störstellen wie das Halbleitersubstrat dotiert sind, Halbleiterquantenpunkte beinhaltet; b) Ausbilden einer Porenanordnung durch Teilätzung, wobei die Porenanordnung die Halbleiterquantenpunktdünnschicht durchdringt; c) Abscheiden eines Halbleiters, in welchem zu dem Halbleitersubstrat komplementäre Störstellen dotiert sind, auf der ...

INTENSIVIERUNGSMITTEL ZUR FLÜSSIGKEITSAUFNAHME

Plasmaanzeigevorrichtung und Verfahren zu ihrer Ansteuerung

THERMOPLASTISCHE ABS-HARZ-ZUSAMMENSETZUNG MIT VERBESSERTER SCHLAGZÄHIGKEIT, MASSHALTIGKEIT UND BLASFORMVERHALTEN

Steuerverfahren für einen Mikrowellenofen

Verfahren zum Steuern eines Mikrowellenofens, wobei der Mikrowellenofen aufweist: ein Gleichrichter- und Glättungsteil (3) zum Erzeugen einer Gleichspannung aus einer von einem Stromversorgungsteil (1) zugeführten Wechselspannung, einem Wechselrichterteil (5) zum Erzeugen einer Wechselspannung aus der vom Gleichrichter- und Glättungsteil (3) zugeführten Gleichspannung, einem Hochspannungstransformator (7) zum Erzeugen einer Hochspannung aus der vom Wechselrichterteil (5) zugeführten Wechselspannung, und einem Magnetron (9) zum Erzeugen von Mikrowellenstrahlung aus der vom Hochspannungstransformator (7) zugeführten Hochspannung; und wobei das Verfahren die Schritte aufweist: Feststellen (S25), ob der Strom der vom Gleichrichter- und Glättungsteil (3) dem Wechselrichter (5) zugeführten Gleichspannung über einem vorbestimmten Stromwert liegt; wenn festgestellt wird, dass der Strom oberhalb des vorbestimmten Stromwerts liegt, Unterbrechen (S27-S31) der Stromzufuhr zum Magnetron (9) für eine ...

ELECTRONIC SHELF LABEL

La présente invention concerne une étiquette électronique de gondole ayant un débit de réception de signal amélioré en mettant en œuvre une antenne recevant un signal sous une forme plane sur une surface d'un dispositif. L'étiquette électronique de gondole comprend : un boîtier (110) ; une unité réceptrice (130) disposée dans le boîtier (110) pour recevoir et traiter un signal sans-fil comprenant des informations de produit et comprenant une antenne planaire au moins partiellement incorporée dans le boîtier (110) pour recevoir le signal sans-fil ; et une unité d'affichage (120) disposée dans le boîtier (110) et au moins partiellement ouverte vers l'extérieur du boîtier (110) pour afficher les informations de produit.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR the MULTI-MEDIA ORDERING OF SYNCHRONIZATION Of OBJECTS IN an ENGINE MHEG

A METHOD FOR PROVIDING A SERVICE OF MULTICASTING IN A HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE DECELLULES

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR THE REEMISSION OF DATA OF UPLINK IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM HAVE ACCESS MULTIPLE BY DISTRIBUTION BY CODE

TIRE HAS RADIAL CARCASS

PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT WITH RESPECT TO THE INRUSH CURRENTS, IN PARTICULAR FOR FOURA MICROWAVES

MAGNETIC CERAMIC COMPOSITION FOR the USE IN DEVICES HAS MICROWAVES, MAGNETIC CERAMICS FOR the USE IN DEVICES HAS MICROWAVES AND ITS METHOD OF PREPARATION

AN AXIAL LOCK SYSTEM FOR A CLUTCH MECHANISM

TOGETHER OF FRONT PANEL FOR MICROWAWE OVEN AND PROCEEDED Of ASSEMBLY OF THIS UNIT

DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DRIVING THE DISPLAY DEVICE

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A FRAME SIGNAL SYNCHRONISATON MOBILE TERMINAL

MOBILE TERMINAL AND CONTROL METHOD THEREOF

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SEMICONDUCTOR AND PROCEEDED OF PROTECTION AGAINST OPPOSITE ENGINEERING

TWO-TRACK VALVE OF THE TYPE HAS DETECTION OF PRESSURE HAS DOUBLE SENS

RECLINING DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE HAVING A SHIM

Il est prévu un dispositif d'inclinaison pour un véhicule à moteur ayant une cale capable de commander un angle d'inclinaison d'un dossier d'un siège de véhicule, et plus particulièrement un dispositif d'inclinaison pour un véhicule ayant une cale capable d'améliorer le jeu et la résistance du dispositif d'inclinaison.

APPLICATOR TO APPLY A PRODUCT TO THE LASHES INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING OF THE FIXED SUPPORTS HAS A STEM

L'applicateur pour appliquer un produit sur les cils comprend une tige et une brosse comportant au moins deux supports indépendants (22) se faisant suite suivant un axe (20) de la tige, chaque support portant des protubérances (34, 36) présentant des pieds respectifs (40). Au moins un groupe de quatre pieds consécutifs au moins de chaque support forme une succession régulière autour de l'axe, deux des pieds du groupe constituant deux extrémités terminant la succession.

CABLE INTERIOR FOR CONTROL CABLE HAS DOUBLE EFFECT POUSSEE/TRACTION AND ITS MANUFACTORING PROCESS.

Câble intérieur pour câble de commande à double effet poussée/traction et procédé pour fabriquer le câble intérieur. Le câble intérieur de câble de commande à double effet poussée/traction est employé dans divers systèmes de commande dont un système de pilotage, et un procédé pour fabriquer le câble intérieur permet globalement d'allonger la durée de vie d'un câble de commande et l'améliorer la fiabilité d'un système de pilotage, et peut être fabriqué aisément. Le câble intérieur comprend un fil central (41) d'une longueur prédéterminée, lequel est formé en torsadant une pluralité de torons de fil ; un fil hélicoïdal 42, qui est assemblé avec une extrémité du fil central (41) de telle sorte que le fil hélicoïdal 42 entoure de manière hélicoïdale la surface périphérique extérieure du fil central (41) ; et un revêtement de résine synthétique (43) formé sur une partie restante du fil central (41), à l'exception d'une partie assemblée avec le fil hélicoïdal (42).

MOBILE TERMINAL

Un terminal mobile (300, 400, 500, 600) inclut un corps principal ayant une surface avant et des surfaces latérales, une fenêtre (310, 410, 510, 610) sur le dessus du corps principal et incurvée de la surface avant vers les surfaces latérales, un capteur tactile (320, 420, 520, 620) sur une surface arrière de la fenêtre (310, 410, 510, 610) et incurvé le long d'une forme de la fenêtre (310, 410, 510, 610), un châssis (340, 440, 540, 640) sur une surface arrière de l'affichage (330, 430, 530, 630) et ayant une forme correspondant à l'affichage (330, 430, 530, 630), des éléments de support soutenant les extrémités de la fenêtre (310, 410, 510, 610), du capteur tactile (320, 420, 520, 620) et de l'affichage (330, 430, 530, 630) et définissant partiellement les surfaces latérales du terminal, et un boitier arrière (380, 480, 580, 680) couvrant une surface arrière du corps principal.

PROCESS OF COMPENSATION OF the ERROR Of a GYROSCOPIC SENSOR FOR a NETTOYEUR-ROBOT

COIL Of VACUUM CLEANER

DISPLAY PANEL HAS PLASMA

ULTRASOUND IMAGING FOR MOVEMENT BY A TIME INSTANCE USING ARFI ADAPTIVE

Dans une imagerie ARFI, une fonction de coût est utilisée pour identifier (40) un instant de déplacement qui indique au mieux ou suffisamment les informations désirées. Par exemple, les déplacements associés avec une combinaison d'un contraste et d'un rapport signal/bruit sont identifiés (40). L'instant auquel les déplacements désirés ont lieu peut être autre que l'instant du maximum. Puisque l'instant est commun aux déplacements pour une ou plusieurs ligne(s) de balayage, l'image de déplacement peut être assemblée ligne par ligne ou par groupes de lignes.

APPARATUS AND MANUFACTORING PROCESS Of a REASON FOR THIN LAYERS AND SOLUTION OF RESERVE OF ENGRAVING UTILISEE.

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT LID FOR CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION OF NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY AND SHIPPING CONTAINER FOR NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLIES

COMPOUNDS [3.3.3] HEXAAZA PROPELLANE AS KEY INTERMEDIATES FOR NEW MOLECULAR EXPLOSIVES AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

Il est proposé des composés hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane représentés par la formule (I) suivante, qui peuvent être utilisés comme structure de squelette principale pour de nouveaux explosifs moléculaires et un procédé de préparation de ceux-ci : dans laquelle R est H, un alkyle en C1 à C20, un cycloalkyle, un arylalkyle ou un aryle, qui peut contenir des hétéroatomes tels que l'oxygène, l'azote, le soufre, un halogène, etc. ou des insaturations ; et X est H2, O ou S.

DEVICE AND PROCESS OF PILOTING Of a SCREEN Of POSTING HAVE Liquid crystals

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REDUCING COMBUSTION DYNAMICS

SYSTEMS, METHODS, AND APPARATUSES FOR ANTENNA SWITCHES HIGH POWER SEMICONDUCTOR COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE (CMOS-) USING SWITCHING BODY AND AN EXTERNAL COMPONENT IN A STRUCTURE WITH MULTIPLE STACKS

APPARATUS OF BLOCKING OF LENS

ALGORITHMS AND PROCESSES OF DETECTION OF SPECTRUM.

USE BORATES AS DEGRADATION INHIBITOR OF ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES IN THE ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE CELLS

PROCESSES AND APPARATUSES OF REAGENCEMENT OF SOUS-CODES, TURBOCODES QUASI-COMPLEMENTAIRES AND TRANSMISSION OF SYMBOLS USING THESE SOUS-CODES

METHOD OF ASSEMBLY BY RIVETING A ELECTRICAL ROTATING MACHINE, ROTOR AND CORRESPONDING COMPRESSOR

MATRIX AND MANDREL TRAVELLER STEP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A DAMPER TUBE FOR A NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY, DAMPER TUBE, AND METHOD OF MAKING THE MATRIX MANDREL

DEVICE OF COMBUSTION HAS DYNAMIC ATTENUEE FOR GAS TURBINE

Dispositif de combustion (20) comportant un corps central (60) ayant une paroi intérieure tubulaire (61), une cartouche (70) disposée dans la paroi intérieure tubulaire (61) de manière à définir un espace extérieur annulaire (75) entre une surface extérieure (71) de celle-ci et la paroi intérieure tubulaire (61) et un espace intérieur annulaire (76) ayant une extrémité ouverte (77) et une extrémité fermée (78) opposée à l'extrémité ouverte (77) et un élément rapporté (80) disposé dans l'espace extérieur annulaire (75) afin d'envelopper la cartouche (70) à proximité immédiate de l'extrémité ouverte (77), l'élément rapporté (80) comprenant un corps ayant une partie avant tubulaire et une partie arrière partiellement tubulaire, la partie arrière partiellement tubulaire formant de la sorte une voie en creux (120) ayant un axe longitudinal sensiblement aligné avec un axe longitudinal de l'espace extérieur annulaire (75).

NANOPARTICULE HETERONUCLEAIRE OF RADIOISOTOPE HAS STRUCTURE NOYAU-COQUE AND ITS METHOD OF PREPARATION.

L'invention concerne une nanoparticule hétéronucléaire de radio-isotope à structure noyau-coque et son procédé de préparation. La nanoparticule hétéronucléaire de radio-isotope à structure noyau-coque comprend : un noyau contenant deux radio-isotopes différents choisis parmi198Au,63Ni,110mAg,64Cu,60Co,192Ir et103Pd ; et une coque de SiO2 entourant le noyau. La nanoparticule hétéronucléaire de radio-isotope à structure noyau-coque peut être utilisée comme traceur pour détecter une variation de rapport volumique ou pour évaluer les caractéristiques du comportement d'une ressource en eau, sur la base d'informations concernant le rapport de phase dans l'écoulement d'un fluide à plusieurs phases existant dans un procédé qui est mis en œuvre dans des conditions extrêmes telles qu'une température élevée et/ou une pression élevée.

BROADBAND OSCILLATOR VOLTAGE-CONTROLLED.

Un oscillateur à large bande contrôlé en tension comprend des transistors fournissant un signal d'oscillation stable, une unité inductrice, une batterie de varactors connectée à l'unité inductrice et ayant une capacitance de varactor variant avec le premier signal de commutation et une tension de syntonisation, une batterie de condensateurs de connectée à l'unité inductrice et ayant des capacitances prédéterminées pour un groupement de sections de fréquences, et une batterie de condensateurs à pondération binaire connectée à l'unité.

METHOD FOR ABSOLUTE QUANTIFICATION OF CONSTITUENTS OF A BATTERY ELECTROLYTE

L'invention a pour objet une méthode de quantification des constituants d'un électrolyte de batterie comprenant les étapes suivantes : a) une étape d'ajout à l'électrolyte de batterie d'une quantité prédéterminée d'un composé sonde non initialement présent dans l'électrolyte et inerte vis-à-vis de l'électrolyte, suivie de b) une étape d'analyse dudit électrolyte par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à un spectromètre de masse, puis c) une étape de comparaison de l'aire du signal de chaque constituant de l'électrolyte de batterie avec l'aire du signal du composé sonde, d) une étape de déduction de la quantité de chaque constituant au moyen de ladite comparaison et de ladite quantité prédéterminée du composé sonde, le composé sonde présentant un signal distinct du signal de chaque constituant de l'électrolyte de batterie. L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'un composé sonde tel que défini ci-dessus pour la quantification des constituants d'un électrolyte de batterie.

WASHING MACHINE AND PROCEEDED OF OPERATION THIS ONE

Le procédé de fonctionnement d'une machine à laver est décrit, et comprend : une étape de lavage (S10) destinée à laver le linge ; une étape de rinçage (S20) destinée à rincer le linge en fournissant de l'eau après avoir effectué l'étape de lavage (S10) et qui comprend un processus d'élimination de l'eau restante (S44) ; et une étape d'essorage final (S30) destinée à essorer le linge après avoir effectué l'étape de rinçage (S20). La solution détergente ayant une certaine concentration restant à l'intérieur de la machine à laver peut être éliminée par le biais du processus d'élimination de l'eau restante (S44), empêchant ainsi la contamination de l'eau propre fournie due à la solution détergente, afin d'homogénéiser le processus de rinçage (S20) du linge. De plus, le problème des restes de détergent dans le linge après l'étape de rinçage (S20) peut être résolu.

Torque intensifier for tightening and loosening threaded contractors, has housing with reaction element that receives turning force in direction opposite to that of driving element at lower speed but higher torque in preset mode

Un outil amplificateur de couple pour connecteurs comporte des moyens amplificateurs de couple (6) avec une partie de boîtier (7) comprenant des moyens d'entrée, des premier et second moyens de sortie (12, 15), un entraînement (3) relié aux moyens d'entrée pour transmettre un couple de l'entraînement (3) à un connecteur avec les moyens amplificateurs (6). Dans un mode de fonctionnement, la partie de boîtier (7) et les moyens de sortie (12, 15) tournent dans la même direction, à la même vitesse, avec le même couple que les moyens d'entrée. Dans un autre mode, la partie de boîtier (7) et un des moyens de sortie (12, 15) reçoivent une force de rotation dans une direction, l'autre (12, 15) reçoit une force de rotation égale dans la direction opposée à une vitesse plus lente et avec un couple plus important.

Power train mount e.g. pre-loaded rubber bush mount, for e.g. car, has rubber member provided with through-hole formed around both ends in slant direction of slant support unit to reduce dynamic stiffness in slant direction

L'invention concerne une attache-moteur de groupe motopropulseur (200) pouvant être montée entre un groupe motopropulseur de véhicule et une carrosserie autoporteuse afin d'isoler les vibrations transmises entre le groupe motopropulseur et la carrosserie autoporteuse. L'attache-moteur selon l'invention comprend une fixation (210) pouvant être montée sur le groupe motopropulseur ou sur la carrosserie. La fixation (210) comporte un support en caoutchouc (220) recevant et supportant un élément en caoutchouc (230) logé à l'intérieur. Un moyen de support incliné (240) est disposé à l'intérieur du support (220) de façon oblique par rapport au plan horizontal du véhicule. Le moyen (240) est pourvu d'un raccord d'élément de support (242) auquel un élément de support monté dans le groupe motopropulseur peut être relié. Un élément en caoutchouc (230) est relié à la surface périphérique extérieure du moyen de support incliné (240) tout en l'entourant. L'élément (230) est logé dans le support (220) ...

ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DISPLAY DEVICE AND ITS MANUFACTORING PROCESS

TRANSFER DEVICE TERRESTRIAL DIGITAL MULTIMEDIA BROADCASTING (T WHERE DMB) AND CORRESPONDING TRANSFER METHOD

ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENT DISPLAY COMPENSATION METHOD AND DEGRADATION THEREOF

PROCESS AND EQUIPMENT OF CLEANING AUTOMATE FOR TUBE OF NUCLEAR FUEL SLEEVING

METHOD FOR BIT ALLOCATION IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH A MULTI-CHANNEL MULTI-CHANNEL COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES

DEVICE TO CODE INFORMATION OF PROPERTY IN THE INFORMATION DEMAILLES BIDIRECTIONAL OR THREE-DIMENSIONAL AND PROCEEDED FOR THIS ONE

PROCESS AND APPARATUS TO DETECT DEFECTS, IN PARTICULAR ELECTRIC, IN SEMICONDUCTOR UNDISPOSITIF

A SPACER GRID FOR A NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY FOR REDUCING FLOW INDUCED VIBRATION.

REGENERATION METHOD OF RINSING LIQUID

L'invention concerne un procédé de régénération de liquides de rinçage usés contenant des résidus de peinture, dans lequel a) on injecte du CO2 sous pression dans le liquide de rinçage usés pour abaisser le pH au point isoélectrique de façon à faire coaguler au moins une partie des résidus de peinture ; b) on sépare les résidus de peintures coagulés du liquide ; c) on récupère le liquide de rinçage débarrassé des résidus de peintures coagulés.

METHOD FOR DISCRIMINATING DATA Of BACKGROUND OF PRODUCTION OF PRODUCTS BY a SYSTEM Bar code HAS

Procédé pour discriminer l'arrière-plan de production de produit par un système de code à barres dans lequel l'arrière-plan de production d'un produit souhaité peut être connu rapidement et facilement par un code ES (code de sûreté et de protection de l'environnement) marqué sur les produits dans le but d'aider les consommateurs. Le code ES et un code à barres d'identification de producteur sont marqués côte-à-côte sur chaque produit. Un consommateur 10 peut lire ces codes à barres au moyen de moyens de lecture et peut être connecté à un serveur internet exclusif de service de code ES pour transmettre des signaux lus.

SEMICONDUCTOR TO CARRY OUT an OPERATION Of DIRECT ACCESS IN MEMORY SANSUNITE PEPS AND PROCESS OF CORRESPONDING DATA PROCESSING

Un semiconducteur comprend une mémoire (111), une unité centrale de traitement (UC) (113), un émetteur/récepteur asynchrone universel (UART) (115), et un bloc de circuit de commande (117). Ce dernier commande le stockage dans la mémoire (111) de données de réception provenant de l'UART (115), sur la base d'une adresse supérieure provenant de l'UC (113) et d'une adresse inférieure provenant de l'UART (115) en mode d'accès direct en mémoire, et commande le stockage dans la mémoire (111) de données d'émission, émises par l'UC (113), en réponse à une adresse de transfert générée par l'UC (113) en mode d'accès par l'UC. En mode d'accès direct en mémoire, l'UART (115) extrait des données de réception d'une trame de réception et les fournit au bloc de circuit de commande (117), ou reçoit les données d'émission provenant de la mémoire (111), génère une trame d'émission incluant les données d'émission et la fournit en sortie.

CONTROL METHOD FOR A LAUNDRY TREATING APPARATUS

ORGANIC ELECTROLUMINESCENCE DISPLAY DEGRADATION COMPENSATION AND METHOD THEREOF

Afficheur électroluminescent organique comportant un panneau d'affichage comportant des pixels, une unité de réglage de zone de compensation 141 pour sélectionner une zone nécessitant une compensation supplémentaire, laquelle est davantage dégradée qu'une dégradation moyenne, en fonction de données de détection de dégradation indiquant un degré de dégradation de diodes électroluminescentes organiques formées dans les pixels, une unité d'extraction d'informations de bords 142 qui analyse des données d'image d'entrée correspondant à la zone nécessitant une compensation supplémentaire et obtient des informations de bords d'une image d'entrée, une unité de calcul de gain de compensation 143 pour calculer différentiellement un gain de compensation à appliquer aux données de compensation dans chacun de blocs de compensation appartenant à la zone nécessitant une compensation supplémentaire en fonction d'une quantité d'informations de bords, et une unité de modulation de données 144 produisant ...

SYSTEM AND PROCESS OF CONTROL OF the NUMBER Of PILOT INJECTIONS

Système et procédé de contrôle du nombre d'injections pilotes réduisant le bruit de combustion et améliorant l'économie de carburant en décidant du nombre effectif d'injections pilotes, sur la base d'une quantité de changement d'une condition de fonctionnement et en injectant un carburant selon le nombre effectif d'injections pilotes en cas d'accélération. Le système peut inclure une partie de détection détectant une condition de fonctionnement d'un moteur ; une partie de contrôle (50) calculant une quantité de changement de la condition de fonctionnement par rapport à la condition de fonctionnement du moteur et décidant du nombre effectif d'injections pilotes, sur la base de la condition de fonctionnement du moteur et de la quantité de changement de ladite condition de fonctionnement, et un injecteur (60) injectant un carburant au moteur par le biais d'une injection principale et/ou des injections pilotes selon le nombre effectif d'injections pilotes.

Decoration kit type door assembly for e.g. refrigerator, has handle integral part of one of left or right side metallic covers, where handle has curved plate extending in longitudinal direction of cover in order to define hollow of cover

L'invention concerne un ensemble porte (100) du type à kit de décoration destiné à un produit électronique. Dans l'ensemble porte (100) comprenant des plaques de porte (10) et des couvercles latéraux gauche et droit (20a et 20b) couplés aux deux côtés des plaques de porte (10), une poignée (22b) de porte d'ouverture/de fermeture fait partie intégrante de l'un des couvercles latéraux gauche et droit (20a et 20b), entraînant une réduction des coûts de fabrication. De même, lorsque la poignée (22b) de porte du couvercle latéral a la forme d'une partie en creux (23b') définie intégralement dans le couvercle latéral de manière à ne pas faire saillie vers l'extérieur du couvercle latéral, l'ensemble porte (100) résultant donne une apparence extérieure satisfaisant aux demandes d'esthétisme des consommateurs.

DISHWASHER

Lave-vais selle (100) comprenant une cuve (11) comportant des paniers supérieur (191) et inférieur (193), un bras inférieur (6) comprenant une chambre (69), une chambre de tuyau détachable (67) pour communiquer avec la chambre (69) par un trou (655), et un canal de bras (61) pour injecter l'eau dans le panier inférieur en communication avec la chambre (69), une pompe (18) pour alimenter l'eau dans la chambre (69), une buse (3) dans le panier inférieur pour injecter l'eau dans le panier supérieur, une partie de liaison (5) détachable de la chambre (67) pour être reliée à la buse si elle est détachée de la chambre (67), pour fournir l'eau à la buse, et une unité de changement de canal (9) dans la chambre (69) pour ouvrir en alternance les trous de communication de chambre et de canal de bras d'après la pression d'eau dans la chambre (69).

REACTIVE PLASTICIZER BASED ETHER FOR EXPLOSIVES WITH A PLASTIC BINDER

La présente invention concerne un plastifiant réactif énergétique pour un explosif à liant plastique (PBX), et spécifiquement un plastifiant réactif énergétique pour PBX qui possède des performances et une insensibilité élevées sans fuite de plastifiant, en étant lié à un liant polymère pour un explosif à liant plastique.

PROCEEDED OF ORDERING OF TRANSMISSION CLUTCH DOUBLE OF VEHICLE HAS

Un procédé de commande d'une transmission à embrayage double d'un véhicule, pour réaliser une série d'opérations de rétrogradation d'une vitesse précédente (N+1) à une vitesse suivante (N-1) par l'intermédiaire d'une vitesse actuelle (N) en réponse à une décélération du véhicule, peut comprendre le maintien (S10) d'un embrayage, qui a été dans un état enclenché à la vitesse précédente (N+1), dans l'état enclenché jusqu'à un instant après qu'un ordre de passer à la vitesse suivante (N-1) peut être généré, lors du changement de la vitesse précédente (N+1) à la vitesse actuelle (N), le relâchement (S30) de l'embrayage après que l'ordre de passer à la vitesse suivante (N-1) peut être généré, et l'enclenchement (S40) d'un pignon de vitesse de la vitesse suivante (N-1) après le relâchement de l'embrayage.

TIPPING DEVICE OF SEAT OF VEHICLE

Un dispositif d'inclinaison de siège de véhicule comporte un tambour présentant un trou traversant et un espace de réception d'un côté; un ressort de frein installé dans l'espace de réception du tambour et pourvu de crochets courbés depuis les deux extrémités, respectivement; une douille présentant une partie d'actionnement de verrouillage adaptée pour effectuer une opération de verrouillage en pressurisant les crochets de l'un côté du tambour; et une poignée présentant une paire de parties d'actionnement de déverrouillage adaptée pour effectuer une opération de déverrouillage en pressurisant la paire de crochets, la poignée étant configurée de sorte que, lorsqu'ils sont couplés à la douille depuis l'autre côté du tambour, les crochets soient positionnés entre la partie d'actionnement de verrouillage et les parties d'actionnement de déverrouillage et présentent un jeu. Des segments de jeu sont définis entre la partie d'actionnement de verrouillage de la douille et les parties d'actionnement ...

Data transmitting method for broadcasting web site service, involves transmitting basic objects and basic quality service information via channel that is different from channel in which extended quality service information is transmitted

Lors de la fourniture d'un service Web de diffusion basé sur une diffusion multimédia numérique (DMB) terrestre, un site Web de diffusion de qualité étendue est formé en combinant des données pour un service de site Web de diffusion de qualité de base et des données fournies en plus. Pour cela, des objets correspondant à des données pour le service de site Web de diffusion de qualité de base sont émis par le biais d'une couche de base et des objets correspondant aux données pour le service de site Web de diffusion de qualité étendue sont émis par le biais d'une couche d'amélioration.

Encoding scheme for 3D vertical flash memory

L'invention concerne des techniques de codage de données pour systèmes de stockage en mémoire non volatile. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, ces techniques peuvent être mises en œuvre sous la forme d'un procédé, consistant par exemple à écrire des premières données dans la mémoire, à lire les premières données depuis la mémoire, à analyser les premières données lues de telle manière que l'analyse consiste à déterminer si les données lues comportent une erreur, à coder des deuxièmes données sur la base de l'analyse des premières données de telle manière que les deuxièmes données soient codées afin qu'elles soient écrites à une position adjacente à l'erreur lorsqu'il est déterminé que les données lues comportent l'erreur, et à écrire les deuxièmes données codées dans la mémoire à ladite position.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE

PANEL HAS INK ELECTRONIC, DEVICE DISPLAY HAS INK ELECTRONIC LECOMPRENANT, AND ITS PROCESS OF PILOTING

Le panneau à encre électronique comprend : une couche d'encre électronique (210) comprenant des première à troisième particules (222 à 226) répondant à des tensions dans différentes plages de niveaux ; un premier substrat (202) dans lequel une première électrode (206) faisant face à une surface de la couche d'encre électronique (210) est formé ; et un second substrat (204) dans lequel des secondes électrodes d'une taille de région de pixels qui fait face à l'autre surface de la couche d'encre électronique (210) est formé. Application à un dispositif d'affichage à panneau plat, particulièrement, un panneau à encre électronique capable d'afficher des couleurs et réaliser des gradations de couleur sans l'utilisation d'un filtre chromatique.

MOBILE COMMUNICATION TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING BROADCAST VIEWING THEREOF.

Terminal de communication mobile et procédé de transmission d'informations de visionnage de diffusion. Ce terminal comprend un module de diffusion (110) configuré pour recevoir un programme de diffusion, une unité de récupération d'informations (120) configurée pour récupérer et gérer les informations de visionnage de diffusion pour le programme de diffusion reçu, une unité de transmission (140) configurée pour transmettre les informations de visionnage de diffusion à un serveur de gestion de diffusion selon un cycle de transmission, une unité de réception (150) configurée pour recevoir un message de demande de changement pour le cycle de transmission provenant du serveur de gestion de diffusion et une unité de commande (160) configurée pour modifier le cycle de transmission selon un message de demande de changement et pour commander l'unité de transmission (140) pour transmettre les informations de visionnage de diffusion au serveur de gestion de diffusion dans le cycle de transmission ...

THERMO-STABILIZED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITION

L'invention concerne une composition polyamide stabilisée vis-à-vis de la chaleur comprenant un système de stabilisation à base d'un alcool polyhydrique, présentant un excellent maintien des propriétés mécaniques après une exposition à la chaleur. L'invention concerne aussi un procédé de fabrication de ces compositions et notamment l'utilisation de ces compositions pour la réalisation de différents articles.

MOBILE TERMINAL AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

L'invention concerne un terminal mobile (100) pouvant commander efficacement la réception d'un appel entrant dans un état dans lequel un terminal externe capable d'assister une sortie audio est connecté avec le terminal mobile (100) et un procédé de commande associé. Ledit terminal mobile (100) inclut une unité de communication sans fil (110) configurée pour communiquer avec le terminal externe, une unité de détection (140) configurée pour détecter un mouvement du terminal mobile (100), une unité de sortie audio (150) et un appareil de commande (180), si un premier mouvement est détecté par l'unité de détection (140) pendant la réception de l'appel entrant dans un premier état de configuration dont une sortie audio est réalisée via un premier terminal externe, configuré pour accepter l'appel entrant et permuter à une deuxième configuration sortant un signal d'appel pour l'appel entrant accepté via l'unité de sortie audio au lieu du premier terminal externe.

METHOD OF MAKING A BEARING COMPONENT IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un composant de palier en matériau composite, comprenant la conception (S20) d'un modèle d'une combinaison de tissus comprenant un film de PTFE, un tissu de quartz et un tissu de verre, qui sont empilés, en tenant compte d'une forme finale d'un palier, et l'empilage de la combinaison de tissus sur une surface de fusion qui est une surface d'acier d'une structure de palier; et simultanément la conduite d'un moulage et d'une fusion dans des conditions de température de traitement thermique de 300 à 400 °C et de pression de 29,4 à 98,1 bar, de manière à fabriquer le palier en matériau composite. Ce palier fonctionne comme un palier haute performance autolubrifiant, de manière à satisfaire des exigences de haute performance de la surface de friction d'entraînement d'une tuyère à rotule.

SPACER GRID FOR NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY TO REDUCE FLOW INDUCED VIBRATIONS.

L'invention concerne une grille d'espacement pour un ensemble combustible nucléaire qui présente une structure améliorée pouvant mieux réduire les vibrations induites par l'écoulement. La grille d'espacement (100) comporte des alvéoles (110) pour soutenir des barres de combustible et est constituée à partir de bandes (101) de grille qui sont assemblées en forme de treillis pour constituer des cellules de treillis. Chaque bande de grille comporte au moins un trou (130) qui est pratiqué à part des alvéoles. Par conséquent, quand un réfrigérant est aspiré dans l'ensemble combustible, la différence de pression entre les côtés opposés des trous est réduite et le frottement produit entre les bords francs des trous et réfrigérant réduit l'ampleur de la vibration et provoque un effet d'amortissement, réduisant ainsi la vibration induite par l'écoulement. Les trous (130) pratiqués dans la bande de grille servent à élargir la plage des fréquences de la vibration induite par l'écoulement, provoquée ...

Safety injection reservoir system for injecting cooling water to nuclear power plant, has cooling water injection pipe for connecting cooling water tank to nuclear reactor system, and nitrogen gas tank for providing gas to water tank

L'invention concerne un système de réservoir d'injection de sécurité (40), dans lequel un réservoir d'eau de refroidissement d'urgence du cœur (42) et un réservoir d'azote gazeux (41) sont séparés l'un de l'autre. Le système mis sous pression avec le réservoir d'azote gazeux séparé (41) empêche la dissolution de l'azote gazeux, et est applicable à la fois à un accident de rupture de tuyauterie majeur et un accident de rupture de tuyauterie mineur.

BINARY ALLOY CHROMIUM-ALUMINIUM HAVING EXCELLENT CORROSION RESISTANCE AND METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION

La présente divulgation concerne un alliage binaire chrome-aluminium ayant une excellente résistance à la corrosion et un procédé de sa production, et plus particulièrement un alliage binaire chrome-aluminium présentant une excellente résistance à la corrosion, comprenant : 1 à 40 % en poids d'aluminium (Al), le restant de chrome (Cr) et d'autres impuretés inévitables, par rapport au poids total de l'alliage. Elle concerne également un procédé de production d'un alliage binaire chrome-aluminium présentant une excellente résistance à la corrosion, ledit procédé comprenant : le mélange et la fusion d'une matière première comprenant 1 à 40 % en poids d'aluminium (Al), le restant de chrome (Cr), et d'autres impuretés inévitables, par rapport au poids total de l'alliage (étape 1) ; et le traitement en solution de l'alliage fondu au cours de l'étape 1 (étape 2). L'alliage binaire chrome-aluminium peut être facilement produit et possède une ductilité, ce qui lui permet d'être tout à fait applicable ...

METHOD OF TREATING WASTE RADIOACTIVE ION EXCHANGE RESINS, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de traitement de déchets de résines échangeuses d'ions contenant des radionucléides. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de traitement de déchets de résines échangeuses d'ions contenant des radionucléides par un traitement thermique par étapes et un appareil pour mettre en œuvre ledit procédé.

SCREEN OUT OF PAPER ELECTRONIC AND MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF THIS ONE

Il est décrit ici un écran en papier électronique et un procédé de fabrication de celui-ci. L'écran en papier électronique peut être configuré pour inclure : un substrat ; une couche de fils qui est formée sur le substrat ; un ensemble tampon qui est connecté électriquement à la couche de fils et est disposé sur le substrat ; une couche barrière qui est disposée sur la couche de fils ; une électrode à segment qui est disposée sur la couche barrière et est connectée électriquement à la couche de fils ; un film de papier électronique qui est disposé sur le substrat incluant l'électrode à segment ; et une puce pilote qui est montée sur l'ensemble tampon.

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IMPLEMENTING DELAY MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL

Un mode de réalisation inclut un système (10). Le système inclut un récepteur (20) configuré pour extraire une estampille temporelle d'un en-tête de chaque paquet d'un flux de données (DS) reçu d'un réseau et pour dé-paquétiser le flux de données afin de fournir un flux de blocs de données. L'estampille temporelle peut correspondre à un temps de génération de chaque bloc de données pour chaque paquet respectif du flux de données en fonction d'une base de temps globale. Le système inclut également un contrôleur de retard (22) configuré pour mesurer un retard associé à chaque paquet du flux de données sur la base de l'estampille temporelle par rapport à la base de temps globale et pour contrôler la conversion du flux de données en un flux de sortie (DT) correspondant pour la transmission sur la base du retard mesuré.

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING VEHICLE TRANSMISSION

Un procédé de commande d'une transmission d'un véhicule avec une DCT ou AMT qui permet de toujours maintenir dans une position correcte un point central de référence d'un actionneur pour le changement de vitesse par rapport à une direction de changement de vitesse. Donc, en dépit de différents types de perturbations électriques ou de vibration mécanique ou de déformation qui peuvent être entraînés lorsque le véhicule se déplace, une capacité fiable de manipulation de changement de vitesse peut toujours être garantie, améliorant ainsi la qualité marchande du véhicule.

OSCILLATOR LLC IN SQUARING INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING a COMPENSATOR OF DEFECT Of ADAPTATION OF PHASE AND AMPLITUDE

Dans un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, il est proposé un oscillateur LC en quadrature comprenant deux oscillateurs LC interconnectés l'un avec l'autre pour générer des signaux d'horloge I/Q et un compensateur de défaut d'adaptation de phase et d'amplitude. Le détecteur de défaut d'adaptation de phase et d'amplitude peut comprendre un détecteur de défaut d'adaptation d'amplitude, un transconducteur, et un condensateur pour compenser à la fois les défaut d'adaptation de phase et d'amplitude entre les signaux d'horloge I/Q générés par l'oscillateur LC en quadrature.

DUAL CLUTCH WEAR TAKE, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE

L'invention concerne un double embrayage (1) à rattrapage d'usure, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comportant au moins un plateau de réaction (4), un premier et un second disques de friction (5a, 5b), un premier et un second plateau de pression (3a, 3b) actionnés respectivement par un premier et un second diaphragme (9a, 9b), un couvercle fixe (6), des premiers moyens de détection et de rattrapage d'usure montés entre le premier diaphragme (9a) et le couvercle fixe (6), et des seconds moyens de détection et de rattrapage d'usure montés entre le second diaphragme (9b) et le second plateau de pression (3b).

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

APPARATUS TO PREVENT an ERROR Of AUTOCONVERGENCE IN a RECEIVER DETELEVISION HAS PROJECTION.

APPARATUS TO PREVENT an ERROR Of AUTOCONVERGENCE IN a RECEIVER DETELEVISION HAS PROJECTION.

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

EQUALIZER OF ADAPTIVE CHANNEL FOR USE IN A SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATIONNUMERIQUE USING A PROCESS OFDM

APPARATUS TO PREVENT an ERROR Of AUTOCONVERGENCE IN a RECEIVER DETELEVISION HAS PROJECTION.

APPARATUS TO PREVENT an ERROR Of AUTOCONVERGENCE IN a RECEIVER DETELEVISION HAS PROJECTION.

Lautsprechergerät zur Verbesserung der Antenneneigenschaften in einem schnurlosen, tragbaren Endgerät

Batterienmodul mit einer verbesserter Kupplungstruktur der Batterieneinheitsanordnung

Farbzusammensetzung mit selbstständig Kratzer-beseitigenden Eigenschaften

Die Erfindung betrifft eine selbstständig Kratzer-wiederherstellende Farbzusammensetzung, die eine verkürzte Trocknungszeit und eine verlängerte Topfzeit aufweist, und bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der Farbzusammensetzung ungefähr 3040 Gew.-% eines verzweigten Polyesterharzes; ungefähr 3040 Gew.-% eines Acryl-Polyol-Harzes; ungefähr 0,20,5 Gew.-% eines Reaktionskatalysators; und ungefähr 0,9909 Gew.-% eines Reaktionsverzögerers enthält.

BEREITSTELLUNG VON VERKEHRSINFORMATIONEN EINSCHLIESSLICH AKTUELLER VERKEHRSDATEN FÜR EINE VERBINDUNG UND VERWENDUNG DIESER

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bedrucken einer Folie mittels einer geprägten Musterfolie

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Druckverfahren und eine Druckvorrichtung zum Bedrucken eines Druckflachmaterials mittels eines Vorlagenflachmaterials, aufweisend: eine erste Zuführeinrichtung, welche kontinuierlich das Vorlagenflachmaterial zuführt; eine Thermowalze und eine erste Andrückwalze, welche in das Vorlagenflachmaterial, das von der ersten Zuführeinrichtung zugeführt wird, durch beidseitige Druckbeaufschlagung des ein erstes Muster prägen; eine Prägemaske, welche das auf das Vorlagenflachmaterial zu prägende Originalmuster aufweist und welche auf die Oberfläche der Thermowalze montiert ist; eine drehbare Farbauftragwalze, welche das erste Muster, das auf das mit Muster versehene Vorlagenflachmaterial geprägt wird, einfärbt; ein Rakelmesser, welches ein zweites Muster dadurch bildet, dass es den konkaven Bereich des ersten Musters mit Druckfarbe einfärbt und/oder restliche Druckfarbe im konvexen Bereich in dem mit dem Muster versehenen Vorlagenflachmaterial entfernt; eine Einfärbwalze ...

VERFAHREN ZUM ABSTRAHIEREN DES HISTOGRAMMS DER HSV-FARBE

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRODE HAVING POROUS COATING LAYER, ELECTRODE MANUFACTURED THEREFROM, AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME

A method for manufacturing an electrode may include (S1) preparing a sol solution containing a metal alkoxide compound, and (S2) forming a porous non-woven coating layer of an inorganic fiber by electroemitting the sol solution onto an outer surface of an electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a current collector. The porous non-woven coating layer formed on the outer surface of the electrode active material layer may be made from an inorganic fiber having excellent thermal stability. When an electrochemical device is overheated, the porous non-woven coating layer may contribute to suppression of a short circuit between a cathode and an anode and performance improvement of an electrochemical device due to uniform distribution of pores. 1. A method for manufacturing an electrode , the method comprising:(S1) preparing a sol solution containing a metal alkoxide compound; and(S2) forming a porous non-woven coating layer of an inorganic fiber by electroemitting the sol solution onto an outer surface of an electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a current collector.2. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 1 ,wherein a metal of the metal alkoxide compound includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a transition metal.3. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 2 ,wherein the alkaline metal is lithium.4. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 1 ,wherein the metal alkoxide compound includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone-containing alkoxide, aluminum-containing alkoxide, and titanium-containing alkoxide.5. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 4 ,wherein the silicone-containing alkoxide is tetra-alkyl (having 1 to 4 carbon atoms)-ortho-silicate, the aluminum-containing alkoxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum-sec- ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING MULTIMEDIA SERVICE IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Disclosed herein are a system and a method for providing multimedia services capable of providing various types of multimedia contents and information sensed at multi-points to users at a high rate and in real time at the time of providing the multimedia contents and sense scene representation and sensory effects for multimedia contents corresponding to multimedia services through the multi-points according to service requests of the multimedia services that users want to receive, encode and transmit the sensed information for scene representation and sensory effects with binary representation according to the sensing, transmit device command data for the sensed scene representation and sensory effects, drive and control user devices according the device command data to provide the scene representation and the sensory effects for the multimedia contents to the users. 1. A system for providing multimedia services in a communication system , comprising:a sensing unit configured to sense scene representation and sensory effects for multimedia contents corresponding to multimedia services according to service requests of the multimedia services that users want to receive;a generation unit configured to generate sensed information corresponding to sensing of the scene representation and the sensory effects; anda transmitting unit configured to encode the sensed information with binary representation and transmit the encoded sensed information to a server.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensing unit senses the scene representation and the sensor effects for the multimedia contents at multi-points so as to provide the multimedia services through user interaction with user devices at the time of providing the multimedia services.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensed information is defined as sensor types and attributes of multi-points and includes at least one of a multi interaction point sensor type claim 1 , a gaze tracking sensor type claim 1 , and a wind ...

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE HAVING DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTOR

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide light-emitting diodes having a distributed Bragg reflector. A light-emitting diode (LED) according to an exemplary embodiment includes a light-emitting structure arranged on a first surface of a substrate, the light-emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and an active layer interposed between the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer and the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. A first distributed Bragg reflector is arranged on a second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, the first distributed Bragg reflector to reflect light emitted from the light-emitting structure. The first distributed Bragg reflector has a reflectivity of at least 90% with respect to light of a first wavelength in a blue wavelength range, light of a second wavelength in a green wavelength range, and light of a third wavelength in a red wavelength range. The first distributed Bragg reflector has a laminate structure having an alternately stacked SiOlayer and NbOlayer. 1. A light-emitting diode (LED) , comprising: a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer;', 'a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer; and', 'an active layer interposed between the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer and the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer; and, 'a light-emitting structure arranged on a first surface of a substrate, the light-emitting structure comprisinga first distributed Bragg reflector arranged on a second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, the first distributed Bragg reflector to reflect light emitted from the light emitting structure,wherein the first distributed Bragg reflector comprises a reflectivity of at least 90% with respect to light of a first wavelength in a blue wavelength range, light of a second wavelength in a green wavelength range, and light of a third wavelength in a red ...

MILKING LINER

A milking liner for an automated milking machine includes a barrel that moves between an uncollapsed position and a collapsed condition when it is subjected to a vacuum milking condition. The barrel defines at least three parallel channels open to the inner surface of the barrel. The configuration of the sidewall of the barrel and the channels cause the barrel to uniformly collapse when the barrel is subjected to a vacuum milking condition. In one configuration, ribs protrude from the barrel sidewall and define channels with the same wall thickness as the sidewall segments disposed between the ribs. 1. A milking liner for an automated milking machine having a shell; the milking machine periodically subjecting the liner to a vacuum milking condition; the milking liner comprising:a barrel having a sidewall with an upper end and a lower end; the barrel sidewall having an inner surface and an outer surface;the barrel having uncollapsed and collapsed conditions;the barrel having a longitudinal axis;a short milk tube connected to the lower end of the barrel; anda short milk tube sleeve that defining a through-channel; the short milk tube sleeve disposed inside the short milk tube to reinforce the short milk tube.2. The milking liner of claim 1 , wherein the short milk tube sleeve is configured to allow the short milk tube to bend at least 90 degrees.3. The milking liner of claim 1 , wherein the barrel defines at least three parallel channels open to the inner surface of the barrel; the barrel has a sidewall segment disposed between each pair of channels; each sidewall segment being outwardly curved when the barrel is in the uncollapsed condition; and each sidewall segment being inwardly curved when the barrel is in the collapsed condition; the configuration of the sidewall of the barrel and the channels causing the barrel to uniformly collapse when the barrel is subjected to a vacuum milking condition.4. The milking liner of claim 1 , further comprising at least one ...

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE WITH IMPROVED LUMINOUS EFFICIENCY

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to light emitting diodes. A light emitting diode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate having a first side edge and a second side edge, and a light emitting structure arranged on the substrate. The light emitting structure includes a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. A transparent electrode layer including a concave portion and a convex portion is arranged on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. A first electrode pad contacts an upper surface of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer and is located near a center of the first side edge. Two second electrode pads are located near opposite distal ends of the second side edge to supply electric current to the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. A first pad extension extends from the first electrode pad and a second pad extension extends from each of the two second electrode pads. 1. A light emitting diode , comprising:a substrate comprising a first side edge and a second side edge;a light emitting structure arranged on the substrate, the light emitting structure comprising a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer;a transparent electrode layer arranged on the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer;a first electrode pad contacting an upper surface of the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, the first electrode pad located near a center of the first side edge;two second electrode pads located near opposite distal ends of the second side edge, the two second electrode pads to supply electric current to the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer;a first pad extension extending from the first electrode pad; anda second pad extension extending from each of the two second electrode pads, the second pad extension contacting an ...

Method For Manufacturing Separator, Separator Manufactured By The Method And Method For Manufacturing Electrochemical Device Including The Separator

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a separator. The method includes (S1) preparing a porous planar substrate having a plurality of pores, (S2) preparing a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and a polymer solution including a first binder polymer and a second binder polymer in a solvent, and sequentially coating the slurry on the porous substrate through a first discharge hole and a non-solvent incapable of dissolving the second binder polymer on the slurry through a second discharge hole adjacent to the first discharge hole, and (S3) simultaneously removing the solvent and the non-solvent by drying. According to the method, a separator with good bindability to electrodes can be manufactured in an easy manner. In addition, problems associated with the separation of inorganic particles in the course of manufacturing an electrochemical device can be avoided. 1. A method for manufacturing a separator , comprising:{'b': '1', '(S) preparing a porous planar substrate having a plurality of pores;'}{'b': '2', '(S) preparing a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and a polymer solution comprising a first binder polymer and a second binder polymer in a solvent, and sequentially coating the slurry on the porous substrate through a first discharge hole and a non-solvent incapable of dissolving the second binder polymer on the slurry through a second discharge hole adjacent to the first discharge hole; and'}{'b': '3', '(S) simultaneously removing the solvent and the non-solvent by drying.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is a porous polyolefin membrane.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate has a thickness of 1 to 100 μm.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles have an average particle diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of inorganic particles having ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VIDEO COMMUNICATION

A video communication apparatus in which eye contact can be made with an opposite party of a conversation is provided. The video communication apparatus includes: a monitor unit for video communication; and a camera unit for capturing an image of a user, wherein the monitor unit repeats mode switching between a video mode and a transparent mode according to a specific period, and wherein the camera unit is located behind the monitor unit and captures the image of the user by using a screen of the monitor unit. Accordingly, eye contact can be made with the opposite party when users who participate in video communication talk to each other while seeing communication images. 1. A video communication apparatus comprising:a monitor unit for video communication; anda camera unit for capturing an image of a user,wherein the monitor unit repeats mode switching between a video mode and a transparent mode according to a specific period, andwherein the camera unit is located behind the monitor unit and captures the image of the user by using a screen of the monitor unit.2. The video communication apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a synchronization unit for synchronizing a mode switching period of the monitor unit and a capturing period of the camera unit claim 1 , wherein the camera unit captures the user only when the monitor unit is in the transparent mode.3. The video communication apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the camera unit is located at a center portion in a back side of the monitor unit.4. The video communication apparatus of claim 1 ,wherein the monitor unit can use a screen by splitting the screen, andwherein the camera unit can move in a back side of the monitor unit.5. The video communication apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the camera unit is located at a center portion in a back side of a screen portion used for video communication among the split screens of the monitor.6. The video communication apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the camera unit is located ...

AUDIO SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DOWN MIXING AUDIO SIGNALS USING THE SAME

An audio system that provides an optimized sense of realism and an optimized three-dimensional effect to a user, the audio system including: a horizontal plane speaker set including a center channel speaker that is disposed at a reference point, a left channel speaker and a right channel speaker that are disposed at points in right and left directions of the reference point, and at least one first channel speaker and at least one second channel speaker that are disposed in right and left directions of the reference point, respectively; and a vertical plane speaker set including a left height channel speaker and a right height channel speaker that are respectively disposed in right and left directions of the reference point and in a vertical direction of the reference point, and a center height channel speaker that is disposed in the vertical direction of the reference point. 1. An audio system comprising:a horizontal plane speaker set comprising a center channel speaker that is disposed at a reference point, a left channel speaker and a right channel speaker that are disposed at points that respectively correspond to 30 degrees in left and right directions of the reference point, and at least one first channel speaker and at least one second channel speaker that are disposed at an angle in a range of 60 to 150 degrees in left and right directions of the reference point, respectively; anda vertical plane speaker set comprising a left height channel speaker and a right height channel speaker that are respectively disposed at an angle in a range of 30 to 45 degrees in left and right directions of the reference point and at an angle in a range of 30 to 45 degrees in a vertical direction of the reference point, and a center height channel speaker that is disposed at an angle in a range of 90 to 150 degrees in the vertical direction of the reference point.2. The audio system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one first channel speaker comprises a left side channel speaker ...

METHOD OF CONTROLLING SOLUBILITY OF ADDITIVES AT AND NEAR GRAIN BOUNDARIES, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SINTERED NUCLEAR FUEL PELLET HAVING LARGE GRAIN SIZE USING THE SAME

Provided are a method of controlling the compositional gradient and solubility of doped-additives at grain boundaries during sintering of a uranium-based oxide green pellet including the additives, and a method of manufacturing a sintered nuclear fuel pellet having a large grain size using the same. The grain boundary solubility of the doped-additives is maintained at a certain level by stepwise varying of an oxygen partial pressure during isothermal sintering of a uranium-based oxide green pellet including the additives. The method of manufacturing a sintered nuclear fuel pellet having a large grain size includes preparing additive mixed uranium oxide powder, forming an additive mixed uranium oxide green pellet using the mixed powder, heating the green pellet to a sintering temperature in a gas atmosphere having a low oxygen partial pressure, and sintering while a sintering gas atmosphere is changed to stepwise increase an oxygen partial pressure at the isothermal sintering temperature. 1. A method of controlling a solubility of additive elements at and near grain boundaries , wherein the solubility of the additives at and near the grain boundaries is maintained at a certain level by stepwise varying of an oxygen partial pressure during isothermal sintering of a uranium-based oxide green pellet comprising an additive powder of elements.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen partial pressure is stepwise increased during the isothermal sintering.3. A method of manufacturing a sintered nuclear fuel pellet having a large grain size claim 1 , the method comprising:mixing an additive powder and a uranium oxide powder to prepare an additive mixed uranium oxide powder;forming an additive mixed uranium oxide green pellet by using the mixed powder;heating the green pellet to an isothermal sintering temperature in an atmosphere control gas having an oxygen partial pressure corresponding to a minimum oxygen partial pressure of isothermal sintering or less; andchanging a ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING BLACK MATRIX IN REGION OUTSIDE OF PIXEL REGION AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME

A color filter on thin film transistor (COT) type liquid crystal display device includes a pixel region having a plurality of unit pixels defined by intersections of gate and data lines, the gate and data lines formed on a first substrate, a pad region receiving driving signals and applying the driving signals to the gate and data lines, a seal pattern between the pad region and the pixel region, an outside region having a first black matrix, the outside region being between the seal pattern and the pixel region and the first black matrix formed on the first substrate, and an electrostatic discharge circuit between the pad region and the pixel region, the electrostatic discharge circuit formed on the first substrate. 16-. (canceled)7. A color filter on thin film transistor (COT) type liquid crystal display device , comprising:a pixel region having a plurality of unit pixels defined by intersections of gate and data lines, the gate and data lines formed on a first substrate;a pad region receiving driving signals and applying the driving signals to the gate and data lines;a seal pattern between the pad region and the pixel region;an outside region having a first black matrix, the outside region being between the seal pattern and the pixel region an the first black matrix formed on the first substrate;an electrostatic discharge circuit between the pad region and the pixel region, the electrostatic discharge circuit formed on the first substrate; anda top case covering the outside region, wherein the electrostatic discharge circuit is formed between the first black matrix and the seal pattern and is covered by the top case.810-. (canceled)11. A method for manufacturing a color filter on thin film transistor (COT) type liquid crystal display device , comprising:forming a thin film transistor in a pixel region on a first substrate, the thin film transistor including a gate electrode, an active layer and source and drain electrodes;forming a passivation layer above the ...

MOBILE TERMINAL AND COMMUNICATION METHOD

A mobile terminal may use an antenna unit of a second device to transmit and/or receive data. The mobile terminal may allow a second device to use its antenna unit to transmit and/or receive data. The mobile terminal may suspend control of its antenna unit if a second device is transmitting or receiving from the antenna unit. A communication method allows a mobile terminal to use the antenna unit of a second device to transmit and/or receive and the second terminal to use the antenna unit of the mobile terminal to transmit and/or receive. 1. A mobile terminal , comprising:an antenna unit comprising a transmitting unit and a receiving unit;an interface unit to connect to a second device; anda control unit to control the interface unit and to recognize a connection switching request signal, wherein the interface unit connects the antenna unit or the control unit to the second device in response to the recognized connection switching request signal.2. The mobile terminal of claim 1 , wherein the interface unit connects the control unit to an antenna unit of the second device claim 1 , if the control unit recognizes the connection switching request signal as generated internally.3. The mobile terminal of claim 1 , wherein the interface unit connects the antenna unit to the second device claim 1 , if the control unit recognizes the connection switching request signal as received from the second device.4. The mobile terminal of claim 3 , wherein the interface unit connects the transmitting unit to the second device claim 3 , if the control unit recognizes the connection switching request signal as a signal for connecting to the transmitting unit.5. The mobile terminal of claim 4 , wherein the control unit suspends control of the transmitting unit.6. The mobile terminal of claim 1 , wherein the interface unit connects the receiving unit to the second device for communication claim 1 , if the control unit recognizes the connection switching request signal as a signal for ...

Method For Manufacturing Separator, Separator Manufactured By The Method And Method For Manufacturing Electrochemical Device Including The Separator

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a separator. The method includes (S) preparing a porous planar substrate having a plurality of pores, (S) preparing a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and a polymer solution including a first binder polymer and a second binder polymer in a solvent, and coating the slurry on at least one surface of the porous substrate, (S) spraying a non-solvent incapable of dissolving the second binder polymer on the slurry, and (S) simultaneously removing the solvent and the non-solvent by drying. According to the method, a separator with good bindability to electrodes can be manufactured in an easy manner. In addition, problems associated with the separation of inorganic particles in the course of manufacturing an electrochemical device can be avoided. 1. A method for manufacturing a separator , comprising:{'b': '1', '(S) preparing a porous planar substrate having a plurality of pores;'}{'b': '2', '(S) preparing a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and a polymer solution comprising a first binder polymer and a second binder polymer in a solvent, and coating the slurry on at least one surface of the porous substrate;'}{'b': '3', '(S) spraying a non-solvent incapable of dissolving the second binder polymer on the slurry; and'}{'b': '4', '(S) simultaneously removing the solvent and the non-solvent by drying.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is a porous polyolefin membrane.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate has a thickness of 1 to 100 μm.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles have an average particle diameter of 0.001 to 10 μm.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of at least 5 claim 1 , inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.65. ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AN MPEG-2 TRANSPORT PACKET HAVING A VARIABLE PACKET LENGTH

Provided is a transport packet generating apparatus that generates a transport packet having a variable length, and the length of the transport packet is indicated by a field included in a header of the transport packet or a synchronization area of the transport packet, the field indicating a length of the transport packet. 1. An apparatus of generating a transport packet , the apparatus comprising:a packet generating unit to generate a transport packet having a variable length.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the packet generating unit sets the length of the transport packet to be a multiple of a predetermined number of bytes.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined number of bytes is 188 bytes.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a packet length setting unit to set a field in an area of a header, the field indicating the length of the transport packet,wherein the packet generating unit allocates the area of the header to the transport packet.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the packet length setting unit increases a value of the field by one to indicate the length of the transport packet.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the packet length setting unit inverts each bit of a value of the field to indicate the length of the transport packet.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a packet length setting unit to indicate the length of the transport packet using a synchronization area,wherein the packet generating unit sets the synchronization area in the transport packet.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the packet length setting unit increases a value of the synchronization area by one to indicate the length of the transport packet.9. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the packet length setting unit changes a value of a predetermined area of the synchronization area to indicate the length of the transport packet.10. An apparatus of depacketizing a transport packet claim 7 , the apparatus comprising:a depacketizing ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING STEREOSCOPIC 3D BROADCASTING SERVICE COMPATIBLE WITH HD BROADCASTING SERVICE

A method and apparatus for providing a broadcasting service are provided. The broadcasting service may be classified based on a broadcasting service type, such as a frame-compatible service, and a service-compatible service. Additionally, a descriptor may be generated based on the broadcasting service type, and a compatibility between a stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) broadcasting service and a single stream-based broadcasting service may be provided. 1. A method of providing a broadcasting service , the method comprising:classifying a broadcasting service based on a broadcasting service type; andproviding a compatibility between a stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) broadcasting service and a single stream-based broadcasting service.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the classifying comprises generating a stereoscopic program information descriptor indicating program information of a video corresponding to the broadcasting service type claim 1 , andwherein the broadcasting service type comprises at least one of a frame-compatible service, and a service-compatible service.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the providing comprises:setting a stream_type field, depending on whether a playback of a 3D video in a High-Definition Television (HDTV) is permitted based on the broadcasting service type; andgenerating a stereoscopic video information descriptor based on the broadcasting service type.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the classifying comprises claim 3 , when the broadcasting service type is a frame-compatible service claim 3 , setting the stream_type field to a reserved value of 1.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the classifying comprises claim 3 , when the broadcasting service type is a frame-compatible service claim 3 , setting the stream_type field to a stream type value that is already defined.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein the classifying comprises claim 3 , when the broadcasting service type is a service-compatible service claim 3 , setting the ...

GAZE TRACKING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING INTERNET PROTOCOL TV AT A DISTANCE

A remote gaze tracking apparatus and method for controlling an Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) are provided. An entire image including a facial region of a user may be acquired using a visible ray, the facial region may be detected from the acquired entire image, and a face width, a distance between eyes, and a distance between an eye and a screen may be acquired from the detected facial region. Additionally, an enlarged eye image corresponding to a face of the user may be acquired using at least one of the acquired face width, the acquired distance between the eyes, and the acquired distance between the eye and the screen, and an eye gaze of the user may be tracked using the acquired eye image. 1. A remote gaze tracking apparatus , comprising:an infrared lighting unit to radiate a specular reflection of an infrared ray;a gaze image acquiring unit to acquire an entire image using a visible ray, and to acquire an enlarged eye image corresponding to a face of a user, the entire image including a facial region of the user; anda gaze tracking processor to track an eye gaze of the user, using the acquired entire image and the enlarged eye image.2. The remote gaze tracking apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gaze image acquiring unit comprises a wide-angle camera to acquire the entire image claim 1 , andwherein the gaze tracking processor detects the facial region from the acquired entire image, computes a face width, a distance between eyes, and a distance between an eye and a screen, from the detected facial region, and tracks the eye gaze of the user.3. The remote gaze tracking apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the gaze tracking processor applies an Adaboost algorithm and a CamShift algorithm in the acquired entire image claim 2 , and detects the facial region.4. The remote gaze tracking apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the gaze tracking processor applies an Adaboost algorithm and an adaptive template algorithm in the detected facial region claim 2 , and computes at ...

APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING A MULTI-CHANNEL AUDIO SIGNAL AND METHOD THEREOF

A multi-channel audio signal transmitting apparatus of the present invention includes an encoding unit configured to encode a predetermined audio signal and a controller configured to transmit the encoded audio signal to a predetermined device based on an HDAI (high definition audio interface) protocol. 1. A multi-channel audio signal processing apparatus in a multi-channel audio signal transmitting apparatus , comprising:an encoding unit configured to encode a predetermined audio signal; anda controller configured to transmit the encoded audio signal to a predetermined device based on an HDAI (high definition audio interface) protocol.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the encoded audio signal is 24 bits or 32 bits.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the number of channels that is supported by the HDAI protocol is determined based on a sampling frequency of the encoded audio signal.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the HDAI protocol includes a word clock claim 1 , a sample clock claim 1 , data output claim 1 , and data input.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the word clock has the same clock frequency as a sampling frequency of the encoded audio signal.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein a value of the word clock is 0 (low) at first channel to N/2 channels claim 5 , and 1 (high) at (N/2+1) channels to N channels (here claim 5 , N is the number of total channels).7. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the sample clock has one clock frequency of one clock per one bit of the encoded audio signal.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the sample clock has available data at a rising clock.9. The apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the frequency of the sample clock is a value obtained by multiplying the number of bits per channel claim 8 , the number of total channels claim 8 , and the sampling frequency of the encoded audio signal.10. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the data output provides any one of 16 bits claim 3 , 24 bits claim 3 , and 32 bits per ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EYE CONTACT USING COMPOSITION OF FRONT VIEW IMAGE

Provided is an apparatus and method for an eye contact using composition of a front view image, the apparatus including: an image acquiring unit to acquire a multi-camera image; a preprocessing unit to preprocess the acquired multi-camera image; a depth information search unit to search for depth information of the preprocessed multi-camera image; and an image composition unit to compose the front view image using the found depth information. 1. An apparatus for an eye contact using composition of a front view image , the apparatus comprising:an image acquiring unit to acquire a multi-camera image;a preprocessing unit to preprocess the acquired multi-camera image;a depth information search unit to search for depth information of the preprocessed multi-camera image; andan image composition unit to compose the front view image using the found depth information.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image acquiring unit acquires the multi-camera image using two stereo cameras that are arranged in a convergent form.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the preprocessing unit performs at least one of a camera parameter obtainment and a camera rectification.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the preprocessing unit performs a multi-view image rectification of calculating a conversion equation using a camera parameter and applying the calculated conversion equation to each view image.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the depth information search unit calculates a distance between a camera and a speaker using the found depth information.6. A method for an eye contact using composition of a front view image claim 1 , the method comprising:acquiring, by an image acquiring unit, a multi-camera image using two stereo cameras that are arranged in a convergent form;preprocessing, by a preprocessing unit, the acquired multi-camera image;searching, by a depth information search unit, for depth information of the preprocessed multi-camera image; andcomposing, by an image ...

INTEGRATED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING/DECODING DEVICE AND METHOD WHEREBY THE OVERLAP REGION OF A WINDOW IS ADJUSTED BASED ON THE TRANSITION INTERVAL

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) for adjusting an overlap area of a window based on a transition is provided. To increase an encoding efficiency, encoding may be performed by overlapping relatively long windows. Additionally, when a transition is generated between frames, an overlap area of a window may be reduced based on the transition, thereby preventing a noise from occurring due to the transition. 1. A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) , comprising:a transition detector to detect a first transition from an input signal;a first encoder to encode the input signal and to detect a second transition from a result of the encoding;a transition determination unit to compare the first transition and the second transition and to determine a final transition;a second encoder to core-encode the input signal by adjusting a length of an overlap area of a window based on the determined transition; anda bitstream formatter to generate a bitstream comprising the core-encoded input signal and the final transition.2. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the first encoder performs either a Spectral Bandwidth Extension (SBE) encoding scheme or a Parametric Stereo (PS) encoding scheme.3. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the transition detector detects a transition in a location adjacent to a boundary of a super frame comprising at least one sub-frame among a plurality of sub-frames in the input signal.4. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the second encoder core-encodes the input signal by applying a window having an overlap area of which a length is reduced by a transition based on a folding point.5. The USAC of claim 4 , wherein the second encoder core-encodes the input signal by applying claim 4 , to a current sub-frame to be encoded claim 4 , a window that is transformed based on a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode of a previous sub-frame and an LPD mode of a next sub-frame.6. A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) claim 4 , comprising:a first encoder to encode an input signal ...

MOBILE TERMINAL AND SCREEN DISPLAY METHOD THEREOF

A mobile terminal and a screen display method of the mobile terminal are disclosed. The mobile terminal includes: a display that comprises a user interface display region and an information display region; and a controller that changes positions of display regions and displaying the changed positions on the display according to a user selection. 127-. (canceled)28. A mobile terminal comprising:a display having at least one graphical user interface display region configured to display a graphical user interface and an information display region configured to display graphical information; and detect at least one touch event occurring on the at least one graphical user interface display region of the display; and', 'control the display to display the graphical user interface on the at least one graphical user interface display region on which the at least one touch event was detected,, 'a processor configured towherein the graphical user interface is separately displayed on a plurality of graphical user interface display regions when two or more touch events were simultaneously detected on the plurality of graphical user interface display regions.29. The mobile terminal of claim 28 , wherein the processor is further configured to control the display to separately display a plurality of graphical user interfaces on two opposing locations along a boundary of the display when two touch events were simultaneously detected.30. The mobile terminal of claim 28 , wherein the graphical user interface comprises a plurality of graphical control keys each configured to perform a particular function.31. The mobile terminal of claim 29 , wherein:one of the two opposing location is along a left boundary of the display; andthe other of the two opposing locations is along a right boundary of the display.32. The mobile terminal of claim 29 , wherein:one of the two opposing location is along a top boundary of the display; andthe other of the two opposing locations is along a bottom ...

METHOD OF PROCESSING AND MASS-PRODUCING GREEN WHOLE GRAINS

A method of processing and mass-producing green whole greens, comprising: a blanching step of discharging the green whole grains stored in the storage tank and steaming the discharged green whole grains for 30 to 120 seconds with water or steam at a temperature ranging from 88 to 102° C.; a cooling step of rapidly cooling the green whole grains which have undergone the blanching step at a temperature ranging from 1 to 7° C.; a cold air dehumidifying step of blowing air to the green whole grains cooled to a low temperature through the cooling step to remove excessive moisture permeated into surfaces of the green whole grains; and a hot air drying step of applying hot air of a low temperature ranging from 35 to 50° C. to the green whole grains from which the excessive moisture has been removed through the cold air dehumidifying step to dry the green whole grains. 1. A method of processing and mass-producing green whole greens , comprising:a storing step of harvesting green-colored whole grains and introducing the harvested whole grains into a storage tank at a mature-green stage before a yellow-ripe stage;a blanching step of discharging the green whole grains stored in the storage tank and steaming the discharged green whole grains for 30 to 120 seconds with water or steam at a temperature ranging from 88 to 102° C.;a cooling step of rapidly cooling the green whole grains which have undergone the blanching step at a temperature ranging from 1 to 7° C.;a cold air dehumidifying step of blowing air to the green whole grains cooled to a low temperature through the cooling step to remove excessive moisture permeated into surfaces of the green whole grains; anda hot air drying step of applying hot air of a low temperature ranging from 35 to 50° C. to the green whole grains from which the excessive moisture has been removed through the cold air dehumidifying step to dry the green whole grains.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a keeping step of maintaining a ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRODE HAVING POROUS COATING LAYER, ELECTRODE MANUFACTURED THEREFROM, AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME

A method for manufacturing an electrode may include (S1) preparing a sol solution containing a metal alkoxide compound, and (S2) forming a porous non-woven coating layer of an inorganic fiber by electroemitting the sol solution onto an outer surface of an electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a current collector. The porous non-woven coating layer formed on the outer surface of the electrode active material layer may be made from an inorganic fiber having excellent thermal stability. When an electrochemical device is overheated, the porous non-woven coating layer may contribute to suppression of a short circuit between a cathode and an anode and performance improvement of an electrochemical device due to uniform distribution of pores. 1. A method for manufacturing an electrode , the method comprising:(S1) preparing a sol solution containing a metal alkoxide compound; and(S2) forming a porous non-woven coating layer of an inorganic fiber by electroemitting the sol solution onto an outer surface of an electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of a current collector.2. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 1 ,wherein a metal of the metal alkoxide compound includes at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, and a transition metal.3. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 2 ,wherein the alkali metal is lithium.4. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 1 ,wherein the metal alkoxide compound includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone-containing alkoxide, aluminum-containing alkoxide, and titanium-containing alkoxide.5. The method for manufacturing an electrode according to claim 4 ,wherein the silicone-containing alkoxide is tetra-alkyl-ortho-silicate having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; the aluminum-containing alkoxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum-sec- ...

TOP NOZZLE FOR NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY HAVING SPRING INSERT HOLE IMPROVED IN FASTENING STABILITY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A top nozzle is provided. The top nozzle can include a coupling plate, a perimeter wall and a hold-down spring unit. The coupling plate can be coupled to a guide thimble of the nuclear fuel assembly. The perimeter wall can protrude upwards from the perimeter of the coupling plate. A spring clamp can be provided on the upper surface of the perimeter wall. The hold-down spring unit can be mounted to the upper surface of the perimeter wall in such a way to couple a corresponding end of the hold-down spring unit to the spring clamp. A fastening pin hole can be vertically formed through an upper surface of the spring clamp. A spring insert hole into which the hold-down spring unit can be inserted and formed by electro-discharge machining in an insert direction of the hold-down spring. 1. A method of manufacturing a top nozzle for a nuclear fuel assembly , the method comprising:forming a fastening pin hole in a vertical direction through an upper surface of a spring clamp that is provided on the top nozzle;forming a spring insert hole in the spring clamp in an insert direction of a hold-down spring unit by using an electro-discharge machining process; andcoupling the hold-down spring unit to the spring clamp to insert an end of the hold-down spring unit into the spring insert hole.2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the forming of the fastening pin hole comprises:forming an elliptical pin head seat into an elliptical shape to form an upper end of the fastening pin hole.3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the forming of the spring insert hole by using the electro-discharge machining process comprises:forming a premachined hole through the elliptical pin head seat before the electro-discharge machining process is conducted.4. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising:casting a main body of the top nozzle before the forming of the fastening pin hole, the main body comprising a coupling plate coupled to a guide thimble of the nuclear fuel ...

ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE WITH IMPROVED CYCLE CHARACTERISTICS

Disclosed is an electrochemical device. The electrochemical device includes: (a) a composite separator including a porous substrate, a first porous coating layer coated on one surface of the porous substrate, and a second porous coating layer coated on the other surface of the porous substrate; (b) an anode disposed to face the first porous coating layer; and (c) a cathode disposed to face the second porous coating layer. The first and second porous coating layers are each independently composed of a mixture including inorganic particles and a binder polymer. The first porous coating layer is thicker than the second porous coating layer. The electrochemical device has good thermal stability and improved cycle characteristics. 1. An electrochemical device comprising:(a) a composite separator comprising a porous substrate, a first porous coating layer coated on one surface of the porous substrate and composed of a mixture comprising inorganic particles and a binder polymer, and a second porous coating layer coated on the other surface of the porous substrate and composed of a mixture comprising inorganic particles and a binder polymer, wherein the first porous coating layer is thicker than the second porous coating layer;(b) an anode disposed to face the first porous coating layer; and(c) a cathode disposed to face the second porous coating layer.2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1 , wherein the thicknesses of the first and second porous coating layers satisfy the following relationship 1:{'br': None, 'i': T', 'T', 'T, 'sub': 1', '2', 'tot, '0.1≦(-)/≦0.8 \u2003\u2003(1)'}{'sub': 1', '2', 'tot, 'wherein Tand Trepresent the thicknesses of the first and second porous coating layers, respectively, and Trepresents the total thickness of the first and second porous coating layers.'}3. The electrochemical device according to claim 2 , wherein the thicknesses of the first and second porous coating layers satisfy the following relationship 2:{'br': None, 'i': T ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGE DISPLAY

A display method and a display apparatus of a 3D image are provided. The display method includes: receiving an image stream; determining a viewing mode of the image stream; determining whether or not a screen of a display apparatus is adjusted according to the determined viewing mode; and adjusting the screen of the display apparatus in the case in which it is determined in the determining of whether or not the screen of the display apparatus is adjusted that the screen is adjusted, wherein the viewing mode of the image stream includes a 2D image viewing mode and a 3D image viewing mode. 1. A display method of a 3D image , the display method comprising:receiving an image stream;determining a viewing mode of the image stream;determining whether or not a screen of a display apparatus is adjusted according to the determined viewing mode; andadjusting the screen of the display apparatus in the case in which it is determined in the determining of whether or not the screen of the display apparatus is adjusted that the screen is adjusted,wherein the viewing mode of the image stream includes a 2D image viewing mode and a 3D image viewing mode.2. The display method of claim 1 , wherein the image stream includes a header including at least one of a view parameter indicating the number of views of a decoded image obtained by decoding the image stream and a dimensional parameter indicating whether the decoded image is a 2D image or a 3D image.3. The display method of claim 2 , wherein in the determining of the viewing mode of the image stream claim 2 , the viewing mode of the image stream is determined using at least one of the view parameter and the dimensional parameter.4. The display method of claim 3 , wherein in the determining of the viewing mode of the image stream claim 3 , it is determined that the viewing mode of the image stream is the 3D image viewing mode in the case in which the number of view parameters is 2 or more claim 3 , and it is determined that the viewing ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR 3D BROADCASTING SERVICE IN BROADCASTING SYSTEM COMBINED WITH MOBILE BROADCASTING

Provided is an apparatus and a method for providing a three-dimensional (3D) broadcasting service that may provide a two-dimensional (2D) fixed broadcasting service using a fixed broadcasting signal or a 2D mobile broadcasting service using a mobile broadcasting signal when a transmitter transmits each of a left image and a right image constituting a 3D image using the fixed broadcasting signal or the mobile broadcasting signal, and the receiver receives the fixed broadcasting signal and the mobile broadcasting signal, or may provide a 3D broadcasting service by composing an image received using the fixed broadcasting signal and an image received using the mobile broadcasting signal into a 3D image. 1. (canceled)2. A transmitter of a broadcasting system , the transmitter comprising:a three-dimensional (3D) audio and video (A/V) obtainer to receive a 3D image including a first image signal and a second image signal, and an audio signal;a fixed broadcasting A/V encoder to generate an encoded fixed broadcasting signal by compressing and encoding the audio signal and the first image signal of the 3D image;a mobile broadcasting A/V encoder to generate an encoded mobile broadcasting signal by compressing and encoding the audio signal and the second image signal of the 3D image;a packetizing unit to generate a fixed broadcasting signal packet and a mobile broadcasting signal packet by inserting side information for a 3D image composition into the encoded fixed broadcasting signal or the encoded mobile broadcasting signal, and packetizing a resulting signal;a packet multiplexing unit to generate a multiplexed packet by multiplexing the fixed broadcasting signal packet and the mobile broadcasting signal packet; anda modulator to modulate the multiplexed packet, and to broadcast the modulated multiplexed packet using a broadcasting signal.3. The transmitter of claim 2 , whereinthe first image signal corresponds to one of a left image and a right image constituting the 3D ...

ADAPTIVE IMAGE ENCODING DEVICE AND METHOD

Provided are an image encoding method and device. When carrying out image encoding for a block within a slice, at least one block in a restored block of the slice is set as a reference block. When this is done, the encoding parameters of the reference block are distinguished, and the block to be encoded is encoded adaptively based on the encoding parameters. 1. A video coding method , comprising:reconstructing a plurality of blocks within a first slice with respect to the first slice including the plurality of blocks;determining at least one block among the plurality of reconstructed blocks as a referencing block;discriminating a coding parameter of the referencing block; andadaptively coding, a coding target block, within the first slice based on the coding parameter.2. The video coding method of claim 1 , wherein the referencing block is determined in accordance with a relative position with respect to the coding target block.3. The video coding method of claim 2 , wherein the referencing block is at least one block claim 2 , most adjacent to the coding target block claim 2 , among the plurality of reconstructed blocks.4. The video coding method of claim 2 , wherein the referencing block is the reconstructed block in which a block position within a picture corresponds to the coding target block within the previously reconstructed picture.5. The video coding method of claim 2 , wherein the relative position is at least one of a fixed position within the first slice claim 2 , a position changeable within the first slice claim 2 , and a position changeable in a slice unit.6. The video coding method of claim 1 , wherein the discriminating of the coding parameter includes applying motion information claim 1 , of the referencing block claim 1 , as the coding parameter of the referencing block claim 1 , and the adaptively coding claim 1 , of the coding target block claim 1 , includes coding the coding target block based on the motion information of the referencing block. ...

VIDEO ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND DEVICE

Disclosed are a video encoding/decoding method and device. The video encoding method may comprise the steps of: establishing an adaptive filter corresponding to the current image; comparing the adaptive filter established in this way with at least one existing adaptive filter contained in a filter list; establishing whether to add the adaptive filter established in the way described to the adaptive filter list, based on the results of the comparison; and encoding the current image by using an adaptive filter contained in the filter list. In this way, encoding efficiency can be improved. 1. A video coding method , comprising:determining an adaptive filter corresponding to a current video;comparing the determined adaptive filter and at least one of an existing adaptive filter included in a filter manager;determining whether to add the determined adaptive filter to the filter manager based on the compared result; andcoding the current video using the adaptive filter included in the filter manager.2. The video coding method of claim 1 , wherein a structure of an instruction of the filter manager includes a type of the instruction to control the determined adaptive filter claim 1 , a target filter manager claim 1 , and filter information claim 1 , the adaptive filter includes at least one of an adaptive interpolation filter and an adaptive loop filter claim 1 , and the adaptive filter manager includes at least one of an adaptive interpolation filter manager and an adaptive loop filter manager.3. The video coding method of claim 2 , wherein the type of the instruction includes at least one of an instruction to add the determined adaptive filter to the filter manager claim 2 , an instruction to delete at least one of the adaptive filters included in the filter manager claim 2 , and an instruction to adjust an index of the adaptive filter included in the filter manager.4. The video coding method of claim 1 , wherein the comparing compares similarity between the determined ...

AUDIO AUTHORING APPARATUS AND AUDIO PLAYBACK APPARATUS FOR AN OBJECT-BASED AUDIO SERVICE, AND AUDIO AUTHORING METHOD AND AUDIO PLAYBACK METHOD USING SAME

An audio producing apparatus and an audio playing apparatus for an object-based audio service, and an audio producing method and an audio playing method using the same are provided. The producing apparatus and the audio playing apparatus supplies the object-based audio service, using audio object signals corresponding to a number of audio channels processable by the audio playing apparatus. 1. An audio producing method performed by an audio producing apparatus that stores audio object signals , the method comprising:editing the audio object signals based on a number of audio channels processable by the audio producing apparatus; andstoring the edited audio object signals.2. The audio producing method of claim 1 , wherein the editing of the audio object signals mixes part of the audio object signals corresponding to the number of the audio channels processable by the audio producing apparatus.315. The audio producing method of claim 1 , wherein the storing of the edited audio object signals stores the edited audio object signals in the audio channels.4. The audio producing method of claim 1 , further comprising:storing presets which represent setting information related to the edited audio object signal.5. An audio playing method performed by an audio playing apparatus claim 1 , the method comprising:extracting audio object signals corresponding to a number of audio channels processable by the audio playing apparatus;controlling the extracted audio object signals in accordance with a control request of a user; andplaying the controlled audio object signals.6. The audio playing method of claim 5 , wherein the extracting of the audio object signals uses an audio object signal mixed according to the number of the audio channels processable by the audio playing apparatus.7. The audio playing method of claim 5 , wherein the controlling of the extracted audio object signals controls the audio object signals in accordance with the control request related to a magnitude of ...

METHOD FOR OBTAINING DEPTH INFORMATION AND APPARATUS USING THE SAME

An apparatus of obtaining depth information is provided which includes a first sensor configured to obtain a first image, a second sensor configured to obtain a second image, an image information obtaining unit configured to obtain image information based on the first image and the second image, and a depth information obtaining unit configured to obtain depth information based on the image information, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor differ in type from each other. 1. An apparatus of obtaining depth information comprising:a first sensor configured to obtain a first image;a second sensor configured to obtain a second image;an image information obtaining unit configured to obtain image information based on the first image and the second image; anda depth information obtaining unit configured to obtain depth information based on the image information,wherein the first sensor and the second sensor differ in type from each other.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first sensor is an IR(Infrared) sensor claim 1 , and the second sensor is a visible light sensor.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a sensor controller configured to control the first sensor and the second sensor.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a depth information output unit configured to convert the depth information into 3-dimensional information and to output the 3-dimensional information.5. A method of obtaining depth information claim 1 , the method comprising:obtaining a first image through a first sensor;obtaining a second image through a second sensor different in type from the first sensor;obtaining combined image information based on the first image and the second image; andobtaining depth information based on the combined image information.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein obtaining the combined image information includes claim 5 ,determining a weight value for the first image based on reliability of the first image;determining a weight value for ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MUSICAL SOUND SOURCE USING TIME AND FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS

A method and apparatus for separating and extracting main sound sources from a mixed musical sound signal are provided. A musical sound source separation apparatus may include an prior information signal compressor to compress an prior information signal including a characteristic of a predetermined sound source, a mixed signal divider to divide a mixed signal including a plurality of sound sources into a plurality of segments, a Nonnegative Matrix Partial Co-Factorization (NMPCF) analyzer to acquire common information shared by the plurality of segments, by applying an NMPCF algorithm to the prior information signal, and a target musical instrument signal separator to separate a target musical instrument signal corresponding to the predetermined sound source from the mixed signal, based on the common information. 1. A musical sound source separation apparatus , comprising:an prior information signal compressor to compress an prior information signal comprising a characteristic of a predetermined sound source;a mixed signal divider to divide a mixed signal into a plurality of segments, the mixed signal comprising a plurality of sound sources;a Nonnegative Matrix Partial Co-Factorization (NMPCF) analyzer to acquire common information by applying an NMPCF algorithm to the prior information signal, and the mixed signal, the common information being shared by the plurality of segments; anda target musical instrument signal separator to separate a target musical instrument signal corresponding to the predetermined sound source from the mixed signal, based on the common information.2. The musical sound source separation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the prior information signal compressor comprises:a time domain signal compressor to compress an prior information signal in a time domain;a first time-frequency domain transformer to transform the compressed prior information signal in the time domain into an prior information signal in a time-frequency domain; anda time- ...

System and method for transmitting three-dimensional image information using difference information

Provided is a three-dimensional (3D) image information transmitting system and method based on difference information. A 3D image information transmitting apparatus in the 3D image information transmitting system may include a difference information extractor to extract difference information by comparing a second composite texture image obtained by generating a composite of a first texture image and depth information with a second original texture image, and an image information transmitting unit to transmit 3D image information including the first texture image, the depth information, and the difference information.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF RANDERING MULTIOBJECT OR MULTICHANNEL AUDIO SIGNAL USING SPATIAL CUE

The present research relates to controlling rendering of multi-object or multi-channel audio signals. The present research provides a method and apparatus for controlling rendering of multi-object or multi-channel audio signals based on spatial cues in a process of decoding the multi-object or multi-channel audio signals. To achieve the purpose, the method suggested in the research controls rendering in a spatial cue domain in the process of decoding the multi-object or multi-channel audio signals. 1. A method for controlling rendering of audio signals , comprising the steps of:a) decoding an input audio signal, which is a down-mixed signal that is encoded in a Spatial Audio Coding (SAC) method, by using an SAC decoding method; andb) receiving spatial cue information and control information on rendering of the input audio signals and controlling the spatial cue information in a spatial cue domain based on the control information,wherein rendering is performed in the decoding step a) onto the input audio signals based on a controlled spatial cue information controlled in the spatial cue rendering step b).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spatial cue information is an information indicating a level difference among the input audio signals claim 1 , andwherein the spatial cue rendering step b) calculating a controlled power gain by controlling the power gain of each audio signal based on the information indicating a level different among the input audio signals, and the control information on the rendering of the input audio signals. The present invention relates to control of rendering multi-object or multi-channel audio signals; and more particularly to a method and apparatus for controlling the rendering of multi-object or multi-channel audio signals based on a spatial cue when the multi-object or multi-channel audio signals are decoded.illustrates an example of a conventional encoder for encoding multi-object or multi-channel audio signals. Referring to the ...

Multi-Sensor Surveillance System with a Common Operating Picture

A method and apparatus for processing video data streams for an area. Objects are identified in the area from images in the video data streams. The video data streams are generated by cameras. First locations are identified for the objects using the images. The first locations are defined using a coordinate system for the images. Graphical representations are formed for the objects using the images. The graphical representations are displayed for the objects in second locations in a model of the area on a display system with respect to features in the area that are represented in the model. The second locations are defined using a geographic coordinate system for the model. A first location in the first locations for an object in the objects corresponds to a second location in the second locations for a corresponding graphical representation in the graphical representations. 1. A method for processing video data streams for an area , the method comprising:identifying a number of objects in the area from images in the video data streams for the area, wherein the video data streams are generated by cameras;identifying a first number of locations for the number of objects using the images in the video data streams, wherein the first number of locations is defined using a coordinate system for the images;forming a number of graphical representations for the number of objects using the images in the video data streams generated by the cameras; anddisplaying the number of graphical representations for the number of objects in a second number of locations in a model of the area on a display system with respect to a number of features in the area that is represented in the model, wherein the second number of locations is defined using a geographic coordinate system for the model and a first location in the first number of locations for an object in the number of objects corresponds to a second location in the second number of locations for a corresponding graphical ...

MILKING LINER

A milking liner for an automated milking machine includes a barrel that moves between an uncollapsed position and a collapsed condition when it is subjected to a vacuum milking condition. The barrel defines at least three parallel channels open to the inner surface of the barrel. The configuration of the sidewall of the barrel and the channels cause the barrel to uniformly collapse when the barrel is subjected to a vacuum milking condition. In one configuration, ribs protrude from the barrel sidewall and define channels with the same wall thickness as the sidewall segments disposed between the ribs. 1. A milking liner for an automated milking machine having a shell; the milking machine periodically subjecting the liner to a vacuum milking condition; the milking liner comprising:a barrel having an upper end and a lower end;the barrel having an inner surface and an outer surface;a mouthpiece bead disposed at the upper end of the barrel;the barrel having a longitudinal axis;the barrel defining at least three channels open to the inner surface of the barrel; each channel being disposed generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the barrel;each channel having an upper end and a lower end;the upper end of each channel terminating at the mouthpiece bead;the barrel having a plurality of sidewall segments; each sidewall segment being disposed intermediate two channels; each sidewall segment having an outer surface that defines a portion of the outer surface of the barrel; andthe sidewall segments being movable between uncollapsed and collapsed conditions; the sidewall segments being in the collapsed condition during the vacuum milking condition.2. The milking liner of claim 1 , wherein the barrel defines a rib aligned with each channel; each rib projecting radially outwardly beyond the radial position of the outer surfaces of the sidewall segments.3. The milking liner of claim 2 , wherein each of the ribs has an inner surface and an outer surface that define a rib ...

HOLD-DOWN SPRING UNIT FOR TOP NOZZLE OF NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY, AND TOP NOZZLE FOR NUCLEAR FUEL ASSEMBLY EMPLOYING THE HOLD-DOWN SPRING UNIT

A hold-down spring unit for a top nozzle of a nuclear fuel assembly. The hold-down spring unit is coupled to the upper end of the top nozzle of the nuclear fuel assembly. The hold-down spring unit includes a first spring which provides a hold-down force upon the nuclear fuel assembly under start-up conditions or hot full power conditions of a nuclear reactor, and a second spring which provides an additional hold-down force upon the nuclear fuel assembly under start-up conditions of the nuclear reactor. The hold-down margin under start-up conditions or hot full power conditions is reduced, thus enhancing the mechanical and structural stability of the nuclear fuel assembly. 1using only a first spring and an intermediate spring to provide the hold-down force under hot full power conditions of a nuclear reactor; andusing a second spring to provide an additional hold-down force under start-up conditions of the nuclear reactor.. A method of providing a hold-down force upon a nuclear fuel assembly with a hold-down spring unit, the method comprising: This application is a divisional application of co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 12/748,369, filed Mar. 26, 2010, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. This application claims priority benefits under 35 U.S.C. §1.119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0006471 filed Jan. 25, 2010.1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a hold-down spring unit for top nozzles of nuclear fuel assemblies which are used in nuclear reactors. The hold-down spring unit has an improved hold-down performance to prevent the nuclear fuel assembly from lifting up. The present invention, also, relates to a top nozzle for nuclear fuel assemblies which employ the hold-down spring unit.2. Description of the Related ArtAs is well known to those skilled in the art, a nuclear reactor is a device in which a fission chain reaction of fissionable materials is controlled for the purpose of generating heat, producing ...

ELECTRODE ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING THE SAME

A jelly-roll type electrode assembly is disclosed. The jelly-roll type electrode assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and separators interposed between the anode and the cathode and having a greater length than width. Each of the separators is longer than the anode and the cathode. Each of the separators has a porous substrate and porous coating layers formed on both surfaces of the porous substrate. The porous coating layers include a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer. The porous coating layers are formed only in areas where the separators are in contact with the anode and the cathode. The porous coating layers enhance the heat resistance of the separators. Due to the enhanced heat resistance, the separators can prevent the performance of a battery from deteriorating. In addition, the porous coating layers can be prevented from being separated from the separators during battery assembly processing. 1. A jelly-roll type electrode assembly comprising an anode , a cathode , and separators interposed between the anode and the cathode and having a greater length than width ,wherein each of the separators is longer than the anode and the cathode and has a porous substrate and porous coating layers formed on both surfaces of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer, andwherein the porous coating layers are fanned only in areas where the separators are in contact with the anode and the cathode.2. The jelly-roll type electrode assembly according to claim 1 , wherein each of the porous substrates comprises porous polyolefin.3. The jelly-roll type electrode assembly according to claim 2 , wherein each of the porous polyolefin substrates is made of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene claim 2 , polypropylene claim 2 , polybutylene and polypentene.4. The jelly-roll type electrode assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles are selected from the group ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SOUNDPROOFING MATERIAL USING POLYURETHANE FOAM FROM CAR SEAT FOAM AND COMPOSITION THEREOF PREPARED THEREBY

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a soundproofing material by finely crushing a discarded car seat, mixing the crushed car seat with polyester fiber, low-melting polyester fiber such as LM PET, polypropylene fiber and hemp, and carding the resulting mixture, and a soundproofing material composition prepared thereby. The disclosed method allows recycling of polyurethane foam of the discarded car seat into a soundproofing material composition having superior appearance quality and soundproofing performance. The disclosed method also prevents generation of excessive static electricity and allows preparation of a soundproofing material with smooth surface. 1. A method for preparing a soundproofing material , comprising:crushing a discarded car seat finely;mixing the resulting crushed polyurethane (PU) foam with polyester fiber, low melting polyester fiber, polypropylene (PP) fiber, thermoplastic fiber and hemp;carding the resulting mixture;needle punching the resultant;thermoforming and cooling the resultant; andshaping the resultant into felt and then heating rolling and cutting the same.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the crushed foam has a size of 1-15 mm.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polyester fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyglycolic acid (PGA) claim 1 , polylactic acid (PLA) claim 1 , polyethylene adipate (PEA) claim 1 , polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) claim 1 , polyethylene terephthalate (PET) claim 1 , polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) claim 1 , polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic fiber is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) claim 1 , celluloid claim 1 , cellulose acetate claim 1 , ethylene vinyl acetate claim 1 , ethylene vinyl alcohol claim 1 , polyoxymethylene claim 1 , polyacrylate claim 1 , polyamide claim 1 , polyamide-imide claim 1 , polyaryletherketone claim 1 , ...

APPARATUS FOR SELECTIVELY SEPARATING POLYURETHANE FOAM AND FIBER FROM AUTOMOBILE SHREDDER RESIDUE

The present invention provides an apparatus for selectively separating polyurethane foam and fiber from Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR). The apparatus includes a first separator, a second separator, and a third separator. The first separator primarily separates fine particles, such as dirt or glass pieces, from the ASR at a front portion thereof and separates large-sized polyurethane foam and fiber from the ASR at a rear portion thereof. The second separator grinds remaining materials after the primary separation of the first separator. The third separator separates medium-sized polyurethane foam and fiber from the remaining materials after the separation of the first separator and secondarily separates plastics, rubber, and other materials. 1. An apparatus for selectively separating polyurethane foam and fiber from Automobile Shredder Residue (ASR) , the apparatus comprising:a first separator configured to separate fine particles from the ASR at a front portion thereof, and separating large-sized polyurethane foam and fiber from the ASR at a rear portion thereof;a second separator configured to grind remaining materials after the primary separation by the first separator; anda third separator configured to separate medium-sized polyurethane foam and fiber from the remaining materials after the separation of the first separator, and configured to separate plastics, rubber, and other materials.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first separator comprises a rake-shaped fiber separator for selectively separating polyurethane foam and fiber from the ASR.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second separator is disposed between the first separator and the third separator claim 1 , and comprises a first grinder having one shaft with a knife-like part disposed at an upper portion thereof and a second grinder having three shafts each with a knife-like part disposed at a lower portion thereof and claim 1 , wherein the ASR remaining after the separation of the ...

LONG-ACTING INTERFERON BETA FORMULATION USING IMMUNOGLOBULIN FRAGMENT

The present invention relates to a long-acting interferon beta formulation having improved in vivo duration and stability, comprising an interferon beta conjugate that is prepared by covalently linking interferon beta with an immunoglobulin Fc region via a non-peptidyl polymer, and a preparation method thereof. The long-acting interferon beta formulation of the present invention maintains in vivo activity of interferon beta at a relatively high level and remarkably increases the serum half-life thereof, thereby being used for various diseases, for which interferon is efficacious. 1. A long-acting interferon beta formulation having improved in vivo duration and stability , comprising an interferon beta conjugate that is composed of interferon beta linked to an immunoglobulin Fc region via a non-peptidyl polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol , polypropylene glycol , copolymers of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol , polyoxyethylated polyols , polyvinyl alcohol , polysaccharides , dextran , polyvinyl ethyl ether , biodegradable polymers , lipid polymers , chitins , hyaluronic acid , and a combinations thereof.2. The long-acting interferon beta formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the non-peptidyl polymer is linked to the N-terminus of interferon beta.3. The long-acting interferon beta formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the interferon beta is interferon beta 1b or interferon beta 1a.4. The long-acting interferon beta formulation according to claim 1 , wherein each end of the non-peptidyl polymer is linked to an amine group or thiol group of the immunoglobulin Fc region and interferon-beta claim 1 , respectively.5. The long-acting interferon beta formulation according to claim 1 , wherein the immunoglobulin Fc region has a native amino acid sequence claim 1 , or a modified sequence wherein one or more amino acid residue in a native amino acid sequence is modified by any one method selected from the group consisting of deletion ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTRA-PREDICTION USING ADAPTIVE FILTER

Provided is a method and apparatus for performing intra-prediction using an adaptive filter. The method for performing intra-prediction comprises the steps of: determining whether or not to apply a first filter for a reference pixel value on the basis of information of a neighboring block of a current block; applying the first filter for the reference pixel value when it is determined to apply the first filter; performing intra-prediction on the current block on the basis of the reference pixel value; determining whether or not to apply a second filter for a prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block, which is predicted by the intra-prediction performance on the basis of the information of the neighboring block; and applying the second filter for the prediction value according to each prediction mode of the current block when it is determined to apply the second filter. 1. A method of performing intra-prediction , comprising:determining whether to apply a first filter to a reference pixel value based on information about surrounding blocks of a current block;if, as a result of the determination, the first filter is determined to be applied, applying the first filter to the reference pixel value;performing intra-prediction for the current block based on the reference pixel value;determining whether to apply a second filter to a prediction value for each prediction mode of the current block, predicted by performing the intra-prediction based on the information about the surrounding blocks; andif, as a result of the determination, the second filter is determined to be applied, applying the second filter to the prediction value for each prediction mode.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein whether to apply the first filter is determined based on the prediction mode of the current block determined based on the information about the surrounding blocks.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein whether to apply the first filter is determined based on a ...

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE BY SKIP ENCODING AND METHOD FOR SAME

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for encoding and decoding an image by skip encoding. The image-encoding method by skip encoding, which performs intra-prediction, comprises: performing a filtering operation on the signal which is reconstructed prior to an encoding object signal in an encoding object image; using the filtered reconstructed signal to generate a prediction signal for the encoding object signal; setting the generated prediction signal as a reconstruction signal for the encoding object signal; and not encoding the residual signal which can be generated on the basis of the difference between the encoding object signal and the prediction signal, thereby performing skip encoding on the encoding object signal. 1. An image coding method using skip coding , comprising:performing filtering on signals reconstructed earlier than coding object signals within coding object images at the time of performing intra prediction;generating prediction signals of the coding object signals using the filtered reconstructed signals; andskip coding the coding object signals by setting the generated prediction signals as reconstructed signals of the coding object signals and by not coding residual signals generated based on a difference between the coding object signals and the prediction signals.2. The image coding method of claim 1 , wherein the performing of the filtering performs the filtering by using at least one of a low pass filter claim 1 , a deblocking filter claim 1 , an adaptive loop filter claim 1 , an interpolation filter claim 1 , and a noise removing filter.3. The image coding method of claim 1 , wherein the performing of the filtering performs step-by-step at least one of a low pass filter claim 1 , a deblocking filter claim 1 , an adaptive loop filter claim 1 , an interpolation filter claim 1 , and a noise removing filter.4. The image coding method of claim 1 , wherein the performing of the filtering reconstructs all the reference images ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING OF THE OBJECT-BASED AUDIO CONTENTS

The present invention relates to a system for transmitting and receiving audio, particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving of object-based audio contents, which packetizes audio objects having the same characteristic. To achieve the above, the present invention includes filtering a plurality of ESs according to common information, adding a packet header to the respective filtered ESs and generate ES packets, aggregating all the generated ES packets and then adding a multi-object packet header to the aggregated ES packets to generate an object packet, and multiplexing the generated object packet, packetizing the multiplexed object packet according to a transmitting media and transmitting the packetized object packet. 1. A method of transmitting object-based digital audio contents comprising:grouping a plurality of audio data using common information of the audio data;generating audio data packets by packetizing the respective grouped audio data with packet headers; andgenerating an object packet by aggregating all the audio data packets, and packetizing the aggregated audio data packets with the multi-object packet header.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-object packet header comprises common information claim 1 , andwherein the common information comprises at least one of a length of an entire packet, a type of a audio data, and replay time information.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the audio data packets comprises three-dimensional (3D) information of the audio data claim 1 ,wherein the 3D information comprises a space arrangement information and size information of the respective audio data.4. A method of receiving object-based digital audio contents comprising:depacketizing a object packet including audio data packets and multi-object packet header;depacketizing the audio data packets including a plurality of audio data with packet headers;reproducing a plurality of audio data using a common information extracted from a ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING TEXTURE IMAGE AND DEPTH IMAGE

Provided are an apparatus and method for extracting a texture image and a depth image. The apparatus of the present invention may project a pattern image on a target object, may capture a scene image on which the target image is reflected from the target object, and may simultaneously extract the texture image and the depth image using the scene image. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a pattern image projecting unit to project a pattern image on a target object;an image capturing unit to capture a scene image on which the pattern image is reflected from the target object; andan image processing unit to extract a texture image and a depth image using the captured scene image.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pattern image projecting unit sequentially projects the pattern image based on a temporal pattern arrangement or a spatial pattern arrangement.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pattern image is projected on the target object at a high speed based on a pattern arrangement claim 1 , and is integrated for a predetermined period of time to be a white light.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image processing unit extracts a depth image by applying a structured light technique and a stereo matching technique to the scene image.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image processing unit extracts the texture image of the target object using a time integration characteristic of the pattern image.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the image capturing unit captures the scene image into which the pattern image is temporally integrated by maintaining a shutter speed to be relatively long; andthe image processing unit extracts the texture image of the target object using the scene image into which the pattern image is temporally integrated.7. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the image processing unit verifies a color of the scene image based on the texture image of the target object claim 4 , and extracts correspondence points based on the color of ...

Multi-Modal Sensor Fusion

A method and apparatus for processing images. A sequence of images for a scene is received from an imaging system. An object in the scene is detected using the sequence of images. A viewpoint of the imaging system is registered to a model of the scene using a region in the model of the scene in which an expected behavior of the object is expected to occur. 1. A method for processing images , the method comprising:receiving a sequence of images for a scene from an imaging system;detecting an object in the scene using the sequence of images; andregistering a viewpoint of the imaging system to a model of the scene using a region in the model of the scene in which an expected behavior of the object is expected to occur.2. The method of further comprising:projecting a track for the object onto the model of the scene based on a registration of the viewpoint of the imaging system to the model.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein registering the viewpoint of the imaging system to the model of the scene using the region in the model of the scene in which the expected behavior of the object is expected to occur comprises:estimating a state of the imaging system based on a probability of the state of the imaging system given an identification of the object in the sequence of images of the scene.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the state of the imaging system comprises at least one of a position and an orientation of the imaging system with respect to a coordinate system for the model of the scene.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein estimating the state of the imaging system based on the probability of the state of the imaging system given the identification of the object in the sequence of images of the scene comprises:estimating the state of the imaging system based on the probability of the state of the imaging system given the identification of the object in the sequence of images of the scene using a particle filter.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expected behavior ...

SEPARATOR AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE COMPRISING THE SAME

Disclosed is a separator. The separator includes a porous substrate, and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and including a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer. A continuous or discontinuous patterned layer is formed on the surface of the porous coating layer to allow an electrolyte solution to permeate therethrough. The continuous or discontinuous patterned layer may be formed with continuous grooves to allow an electrolyte solution to permeate therethrough. Due to this structure, the wettability of the separator with an electrolyte solution is improved, shortening the time needed to impregnate the electrolyte solution into the separator. 1. A separator comprisinga porous substrate, anda porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer,wherein a continuous or discontinuous patterned layer with continuous or discontinuous grooves is formed on the surface of the porous coating layer to allow an electrolyte solution to permeate therethrough.2. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the grooves have a depth corresponding to 1 to 20% of the thickness of the porous coating layer.3. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the grooves have a width of 0.1 to 50 mm.4. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is a porous polyolefin substrate.5. The separator according to claim 4 , wherein the porous polyolefin substrate is made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene claim 4 , polypropylene claim 4 , polybutylene and polypentene.6. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of at least 5 claim 1 , inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.710. The separator according to claim 6 , wherein the ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SEPARATOR, SEPARATOR MANUFACTURED BY THE METHOD AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE INCLUDING THE SEPARATOR

A method for manufacturing a separator includes (S) preparing a porous substrate having pores, (S) coating at least one surface of the porous substrate with a first solvent, (S) coating the first solvent with a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and formed by dissolving a binder polymer in a second solvent, (S) drying the first and second solvents simultaneously to form a porous organic-inorganic composite layer on the porous substrate. Since the phenomenon that the pores of the porous substrate are closing by the binder polymer is minimized, it is possible to prevent the resistance of the separator from increasing due to the formation of the porous organic-inorganic composite layer. 1. A method for manufacturing a separator , comprising:{'b': '1', '(S) preparing a porous substrate having pores;'}{'b': '2', '(S) coating at least one surface of the porous substrate with a first solvent;'}{'b': '3', '(S) coating the first solvent with a slurry containing inorganic particles dispersed therein and formed by dissolving a binder polymer in a second solvent; and'}{'b': '4', '(S) drying the first and second solvents simultaneously to form a porous organic-inorganic composite layer on the porous substrate.'}2. The method for manufacturing a separator according to claim 1 ,wherein the binder polymer of the porous organic-inorganic composite layer is present on the surfaces of the inorganic particles in whole or in part as a coating layer,wherein the inorganic particles fixedly connect to each other by the coating layer in an adhered state, andwherein vacant spaces present among the inorganic particles form pores.3. The method for manufacturing a separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is a polyolefin-based porous film.4. The method for manufacturing a separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate has a thickness of 1 to 100 μm.5. The method for manufacturing a separator according to claim 1 , wherein the binder ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING IMAGES USING TEMPLATE MATCHING AND METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DECODING IMAGES

Provided are a method and an apparatus for encoding images using template matching and a method and an apparatus for decoding images. The method for encoding the images can determine a template of an encoding target block and can determine a matching search target image for performing a matching search with the determined template among the recovered reference images. In addition, an optimum prediction block can be determined on the basis of the determined matching search target image and the template of the encoding target block. 1. An image encoding method , comprising:determining a template of an encoding target block;determining a matching search target image which performs matching search with the template by using at least one of encoding information of an image to which the encoding target block belongs, encoding information of a neighboring block, and user definition information;determining an optimal prediction block by using the matching search target image and the template; andgenerating a residual block by using the optimal prediction block and the encoding target block.2. The image encoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the determining of the matching search target image claim 1 , one or more reference images corresponding to an image type of the image to which the encoding target block belongs among restored reference images are determined as the matching search target image.3. The image encoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the determining of the matching search target image claim 1 , one or more reference images corresponding to a reference type of the neighboring block among the restored reference images are determined as the matching search target image.4. The image encoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the determining of the optimal prediction block claim 1 ,the optimal prediction block is determined by using at least one of distortion between the template and a matching target region and similarity between the template and a prediction block ...

APPARTUS AND METHOD FOR CODING AND DECODING MULTI-OBJECT AUDIO SIGNAL WITH VARIOUS CHANNEL

Provided are an apparatus and method for coding and decoding a multi-object audio signal. The apparatus includes a down-mixer for down-mixing the audio signals into one down-mixed audio signal and extracting supplementary information including header information and spatial cue information for each of the audio signals, a coder for coding the down-mixed audio signal, and a supplementary information coder for generating the supplementary information as a bit stream. The header information includes identification information for each of the audio signals and channel information for the audio signals. 1. An apparatus for decoding multi-object audio signals having different channels , comprising:a supplementary information control means for controlling supplementary information extracted from input signal, using control information for downmix audio signal restored from the input signal, wherein the control information includes rendering control information for the restored downmix audio signal; andan output means for outputting the restored downmix audio signal as multi-channel audio signal, using the supplementary information controlled by the supplementary information control means, whereinthe supplementary information includes:identification information for each of the audio signals; andchannel information for the audio signals.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the channel information includes:channel information for each of the audio signals; andinformation of a number of audio objects for each channel of the audio signals.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the supplementary information further includes preset information for the audio signals.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the preset information includes:preset mode information for defining a preset mode for the audio signals; andpreset mode support information for defining information required for supporting the preset mode.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the supplementary information further ...

GEOMETRIC CORRECTION APPARATUS AND METHOD BASED ON RECURSIVE BEZIER PATCH SUB-DIVISION CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

Provided is a geometric correction apparatus and method based on a recursive Bezier patch sub-division. A geometric correction method may include: receiving, from a camera, a first image that is obtained by photographing a black screen that is projected by a projector onto a projection surface; receiving, from the camera, a second image that is obtained by photographing a predetermined pattern that is projected by the projector onto the projection screen; generating a third image by subtracting the first image from the second image; and performing geometric correction with respect to the predetermined pattern to correct a distortion between the predetermined pattern and the third image. 1. A geometric correction method , comprising:receiving, from a camera, a first image that is obtained by photographing a black screen that is projected by a projector onto a projection surface;receiving, from the camera, a second image that is obtained by photographing a predetermined pattern that is projected by the projector onto the projection screen;generating a third image by subtracting the first image from the second image; andperforming geometric correction with respect to the predetermined pattern to correct a distortion between the predetermined pattern and the third image.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the performing of the geometric correction comprises:extracting a feature point from the third image;moving the extracted feature point from a domain of the third image photographed using the camera to a domain of the predetermined pattern projected using the projector;applying Bezier transformation with respect to the third image based on the moved feature point; andperforming the geometric correction by recursively applying the Bezier transformation.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the extracting comprises extracting the feature point using a Harris corner detection.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the moving comprises:computing a homography by relating four ...

ENCODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

The encoding method includes: an information collecting step of collecting at least any one of coding information of a reference unit, which includes at least one of a first reference unit adjacent to a current coding unit or a current prediction unit, a second reference unit present at a position corresponding to the current coding unit or the current prediction unit in a reference image, and a third reference unit adjacent to the second reference unit, or coding information of a higher unit, which includes the current coding unit or the current prediction unit and has a size greater than that of the current prediction unit; and predictive coding performing step of performing predictive coding by determining whether to omit a predictive coding process with respect to the current coding unit or the current prediction unit by using the collected coding information. 1. An encoding method comprising:an information collecting step of collecting at least any one of coding information of a reference unit, which includes at least one of a first reference unit that is positioned to be adjacent to a current coding unit or a current prediction unit and previously coded, a second reference unit present at a position corresponding to the current coding unit or the current prediction unit in a reference image, and a third reference unit positioned to be adjacent to the second reference unit, or coding information of a higher unit, which includes the current coding unit or the current prediction unit and has a size greater than that of the current coding unit or the current prediction unit; anda predictive coding performing step of performing predictive coding by determining whether to omit a predictive coding process with respect to the current coding unit or the current prediction unit by using the collected coding information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information collecting step includes a step of collecting at least any one of motion vector information of the ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CODING AND DECODING MULTI-OBJECT AUDIO SIGNAL WITH VARIOUS CHANNEL INCLUDING INFORMATION BITSTREAM CONVERSION

Provided is an apparatus and method for coding and decoding multi-object audio signals with various channels and providing backward compatibility with a conventional spatial audio coding (SAC) bitstream. The apparatus includes: an audio object coding unit for coding audio-object signals inputted to the coding apparatus based on a spatial cue and creating rendering information for the coded audio-object signals, where the rendering information provides a coding apparatus including spatial cue information for audio-object signals; channel information of the audio-object signals; and identification information of the audio-object signals, and used in coding and decoding of the audio signals. 1. An apparatus for coding multi-object audio signals , including:an audio channel coding means for transforming input multi-channel audio signals into audio-object signals and creating rendering information for the multi-channel audio signals; andan audio object coding means for coding the audio-object signals output from the audio channel coding means and input audio-object signals based on spatial cues and creating rendering information for the coded audio-object signals.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further including:an bitstream generating means for creating an bitstream including the rendering information respectively output from the audio channel coding means and the audio object coding means.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the audio channel coding means is a Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) surround coder. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for coding and decoding multi-object audio signals with various channels; and, more particularly, to an apparatus and method for coding and decoding multi-object audio signals with various channels including side information bitstream conversion for transforming side information bitstream and recovering multi-object audio signals with a desired output signal, i.e., various channels, based on transformed ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING VIDEO, AND DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS

The present invention relates to a video encoding method and apparatus for setting and encoding quantization parameters, and to a video decoding method and apparatus for decoding and setting quantization parameters in a video encoding and decoding apparatus which uses blocks having various sizes and depths as encoding and decoding units. 1. A method for decoding an image , the method comprising:receiving block information of a decoding object block; andcalculating a quantization parameter based on the block information of the decoding object block.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the block information is at least one of information on a size and information on a depth of the decoding object block.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calculating of the quantization parameter based on the block information of the decoding object block includes receiving at least one of information on a size and information on a depth of the decoding object block from the block information and setting a quantization parameter of a predetermined decoding object block having a size smaller than a predetermined size so as to be the same as a quantization parameter set at the predetermined size.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calculating of the quantization parameter based on the block information of the decoding object block includes calculating the quantization parameter of the decoding object block using an equation or a value derived based on the block information of the decoding object block.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calculating of the quantization parameter based on the block information of the decoding object block includes calculating the quantization parameter of the decoding object block using quantization parameter changeable information of the decoding object block.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calculating of the quantization parameter based on the block information of the decoding object block includes decoding the quantization parameter of the ...

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE HAVING DISTRIBUTED BRAGG REFLECTOR

A light-emitting diode (LED) according to an exemplary embodiment includes a light-emitting structure arranged on a first surface of a substrate, the light-emitting structure including a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer, a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, and an active layer interposed between the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer and the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer. A first distributed Bragg reflector is arranged on a second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, the first distributed Bragg reflector to reflect light emitted from the light-emitting structure. The first distributed Bragg reflector has a reflectivity of at least 90% with respect to blue, green, and red light. 1. A light-emitting diode (LED) , comprising:a substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface; a first conductivity-type semiconductor layer;', 'a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer; and', 'an active layer interposed between the first conductivity-type semiconductor layer and the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer;, 'a light-emitting structure disposed on the first surface of the substrate, the light-emitting structure comprisingrefractive index-grading layers covering at least a portion of the second conductivity-type semiconductor layer, the refractive index-grading layers having different refractive indices from each other; anda distributed Bragg reflector disposed on the second surface of the substrate,wherein the first distributed Bragg reflector has a reflectivity of at least 90% with respect to blue light, green light, and red light.2. The LED of claim 1 , wherein the refractive index-grading layers are transparent to light generated in the light-emitting structure.3. The LED of claim 1 , wherein the refractive index-grading layers comprises:a first grading layer that is configured as a current spreading layer; anda second grading layer that is configured as an insulation layer.4. The ...

Separator Having Porous Coating Layer And Electrochemical Device Having The Same

The present invention relates to a separator comprising a porous substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of first inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof, second inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof and a binder polymer, the first inorganic particles having an average diameter of 1 to 10 μm and the second inorganic particles having an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. In accordance with the present invention, a separator having a porous coating layer comprising two kinds of inorganic particles which are coated with a coupling agent is manufactured to minimize a mechanochemical reaction, thereby inhibiting the production of unnecessary substances, and to easily introduce functional particles. 1. A separator , comprising:a porous substrate; anda porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of first inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof, second inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof and a binder polymer, the first inorganic particles having an average diameter of 1 to 10 μm and the second inorganic particles having an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm.2. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous coating layer further comprises functional particles.3. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of the first inorganic particles:the second first inorganic particles ranges from 50:50 to 90:10.4. The separator according to claim 2 , wherein the functional particles are selected from a water scavenger claim 2 , a Mn scavenger claim 2 , an HF scavenger and a mixture thereof.5. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based polymer.6. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING APPLICATION USING PACKET IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

An apparatus and a method for identify an application to which a packet flow belongs in a communication system. In the method, characteristic information of a first application is selected. Bit lines of a position designated by a mask included in the characteristic information are examined from packets transferred via the packet flow. A ratio of the number of examination results of coincidence to the number of all input packets is calculated. When the ratio exceeds a first threshold included in the characteristic information, it is determined that the packet flow belongs to the first application. 1. A method for identifying an application to which a packet flow belongs , the method comprising:selecting characteristic information of a first application;examining bit lines of a position designated by a mask included in the characteristic information from packets transferred via the packet flow;calculating a ratio of a number of examination results of coincidence to a number of all input packets; andwhen the ratio exceeds a first threshold included in the characteristic information, determining that the packet flow belongs to the first application.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein examining the bit lines of the position designated by the mask comprises:determining whether the bit lines of the position designated by the mask in respective packets are the same; andwhen the bit lines are the same, determining an examination result as a coincidence.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein examining the bit lines of the position designated by the mask comprises:determining whether at least a portion of the bit lines of the position designated by the mask in respective packets increases by a predetermined size; andwhen the at least a portion of the bit lines increases by the predetermined size, determining an examination result as coincidence.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein examining the bit lines of the position designated by the mask comprises:determining whether a size of ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENCODING/DECODING VIDEO USING ADAPTIVE PREDICTION BLOCK FILTERING

Provided are a method and apparatus for encoding/decoding video. The method and apparatus of the present invention involve generating a first prediction block for a block to be decoded, calculating a filter coefficient on the basis of the block adjacent to the first prediction block, and performing filtering on the first prediction block using the filter coefficient so as to generate a second prediction block if information relating to the performance of filtering indicates that filtering should be performed. According to the present invention, accuracy in video prediction and encoding performance are improved. 1. A video decoding method comprising:generating a first prediction block for a decoding object block;calculating a filter coefficient based on neighboring blocks of the first prediction block; andgenerating a second prediction block by performing filtering on the first prediction block using the filter coefficient when information on whether or not filtering is performed generated in a coding apparatus or a decoding apparatus or stored in the coding apparatus or the decoding apparatus indicates that the filtering is performed,wherein the information on whether or not filtering is performed is information indicating whether or not the filtering is performed on the first prediction block.2. The video decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the neighboring block is at least one of a left block and an upper block each adjacent to one surface of the first prediction block and a left uppermost block claim 1 , a right uppermost block claim 1 , and a left lowermost block each adjacent to the first prediction block.3. The video decoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the calculating of the filter coefficient claim 1 , the filter coefficient is calculated using only some areas within the neighboring block.4. The video decoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the neighboring block claim 1 , similarity between a neighboring prediction block for the neighboring block and the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING / DECODING VIDEO USING ERROR COMPENSATION

According to the present invention, a method for decoding a video in a skip mode comprises the steps of: deriving a pixel value of an estimation block for a current block; deriving an error compensation value for the current block; and deriving a pixel value of a final prediction block using the pixel value of the prediction block and the error compensation value. According to the present invention, the amount of transmitted information is minimized, and the efficiency of video encoding/decoding is improved. 1. A video decoding method , comprising:deriving a pixel value of a prediction block for a current block;deriving an error compensation value for the current block; andderiving a pixel value of a final prediction block by using the pixel value of the prediction block and the error compensation value,wherein the error compensation value is a sample value of the error compensation block for compensating an error between the current block and the reference block and the reference block, which is a block in a reference picture, is a block including prediction value (predictor) related information of the pixel in the current block, andthe prediction for the current block is performed in an inter-picture skip mode.2. The video decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the deriving of the pixel value of the prediction block for the current block includes:deriving motion information on the current block by using a previously decoded block; andderiving the pixel value of the prediction block by using the derived motion information.3. The video decoding method of claim 2 , wherein the previously decoded block includes neighboring blocks of the current block.4. The video decoding method of claim 2 , wherein the previously decoded block includes the neighboring blocks of the current block and neighboring blocks of a collocated block in the reference picture.5. The video decoding method of claim 2 , wherein at the deriving of the pixel value of the prediction block by using the ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VIDEO-ENCODING/DECODING USING FILTER INFORMATION PREDICTION

Provided is a scalable video-decoding method based on multiple layers. The scalable video-decoding method according to the present invention comprises: a step of predicting first filter information of a video to be filtered using the information contained in an object layer and/or information contained in another layer, and generating second filter information in accordance with the prediction; and a step of filtering the video to be filtered using the second filter information. According to the present invention, the amount of information being transmitted is reduced, and video compression performance is improved. 1. A scalable video decoding method based on multi layers , comprising:generating second filter information including prediction values for first filter information by using at least one of information included in an object layer and information included in the other layer; andperforming filtering on a video to be filtered by using the first filter information based on the second filter information,wherein the object layer is a layer including the video to be filtered, the other layer that is a layer other than the object layer is used to perform decoding at the object layer, the first filter information is information for filtering of the video to be filtered, and the second filter information is prediction filter information generated for filtering the video to be filtered.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first filter information is at least one of adaptive loop filter information claim 1 , interpolation filter information claim 1 , and deblocking filter information.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising receiving a filter information prediction indicator from a coder claim 1 ,wherein the filter information prediction indicator indicates at least one of information on whether prediction for any of the first filter information is performed, information on whether the prediction for the first filter information is performed using information ...

METHOD FOR ENCODING/DECODING BLOCK INFORMATION USING QUAD TREE, AND DEVICE FOR USING SAME

Disclosed decoding method of the intra prediction mode comprises the steps of: determining whether an intra prediction mode of a present prediction unit is the same as a first candidate intra prediction mode or as a second candidate intra prediction mode on the basis of 1-bit information; and determining, among said first candidate intra prediction mode and said second candidate intra prediction mode, which candidate intra prediction mode is the same as the intra prediction mode of said present prediction unit on the basis of additional 1-bit information, if the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit is the same as at least either the first candidate intra prediction mode or the second candidate intra prediction mode, and decoding the intra prediction mode of the present prediction unit. 1. A method for decoding transform unit information using a quad tree structure , comprising:decoding integrated code block flag information in a transform unit; anddecoding a split information flag based on size information and the integrated code block flag information in the transform unit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decoding of the split information flag based on the size information in the transform unit and the integrated code block flag information includes:decoding the code block flag information in the transform unit without decoding the split information flag information when transform coefficients are not present in the transform unit; anddecoding the code block flag information in the transform unit when the transform unit is not additionally split based on the split information flag.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising decoding the code block flag information in the transform unit without decoding the integrated code flag and the split information flag claim 1 , when the size in the transform unit is the same as a minimum transform unit that is not split into an additional transform unit.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the integrated ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENTROPY ENCODING/DECODING

Provided is an entropy decoding method. The entropy decoding method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: drawing context information about a symbol to be decoded using at least either context information about corresponding layer or context information about other layers; and performing entropy decoding on the symbol using the drawn context information. According to the present invention, image compression efficiency can be enhanced. 1. An entropy decoding method for a scalable video based on multiple layers , the method comprising:deriving context information on decoding object symbols by using at least one of context information on an object layer and context information on other layers; andperforming entropy decoding on the decoding object symbols by using the derived context information,wherein the object layer is a layer including the decoding object symbols and the other layers, which are layers other than the object layer, are layers used to perform the decoding in the object layer.2. The entropy decoding method claim 1 , wherein the context information on the other layers is symbols/bins equal to decoding object symbols/bins claim 1 , and comprises at least one of information on values and frequencies of symbols/bins that are decoded in advance according to a decoding order within corresponding pictures claim 1 , corresponding slices claim 1 , corresponding units claim 1 , or corresponding blocks of the other layers claim 1 , information on values and frequencies of all the symbols/bins that are present within the corresponding pictures claim 1 , the corresponding slices claim 1 , the corresponding units claim 1 , or the corresponding blocks of the other layers claim 1 , and information on a spatial position and a scanning position of symbols/bins that are decoded in advance within the corresponding pictures claim 1 , the corresponding slices claim 1 , the corresponding units claim 1 , or the corresponding blocks of the other layers.3. ...

METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGES AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING USING SAME

The present invention relates to image encoding and image decoding. A method for encoding images according to the present invention comprises the steps of: acquiring division information from peripheral blocks of an encoding target block with respect to the peripheral blocks; predicting the division of the encoding target block on the basis of the acquired division information; encoding information on the difference between the practical division information of the encoding target information and the predictive division information predicted in the predicting process; and transmitting the encoded information. The present invention can encode/decode the division information of the encoding/decoding target blocks using the information about the peripheral blocks. 1. An image coding method , comprising the steps of:obtaining information about partition of blocks neighboring a target coding block from the neighboring blocks;predicting partition of the target coding block based on the obtained information about the partition;coding information about a difference between actual partition information and prediction partition information, predicted in the prediction step, of the target coding block; andtransmitting the coded information,wherein the information about the partition which is obtained from the neighboring blocks comprises any one of pieces of directivity information about the neighboring blocks, pieces of motion information about the neighboring blocks, pieces of filter information about the neighboring blocks, pieces of transform information about the neighboring blocks, pieces of size information about the neighboring blocks, pieces of pixel value information about the neighboring blocks, and pieces of partition information about the neighboring blocks, andin the step of predicting the partition of the target coding block, the partition of the target coding block is predicted to be performed at a boundary where the information about the partition obtained ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CORRECTING COLOR OF IMAGE PROJECTION DEVICE

An apparatus and a method for correcting colors of an image projection device are provided. The method includes: acquiring a photographed image by photographing a sample image projected on projection surface; generating input-output color information for n regions, based on color values of a block in the sample image and corresponding color values of the block in the photographed image; selecting one of the n regions of photographed images as a reference region; generating look-up tables (LUTs) for non-reference regions, based on the reference region and the input and output color information; and correcting colors of input images to be projected by the image projection device using the look-up tables, thereby minimizing color difference of the input images on the projection surface for both intra and inter projection device color correction while simplifying the correction procedure. 1. A method for correcting colors for an image projection device performed by an apparatus for correcting colors , comprising of:acquiring a photographed image by an image acquiring device, by photographing a sample image projected on a projection surface, the photographed image comprising n regions;generating 3D color cubes for the n regions of the photographed image, based on the color values of each block in the sample image and the color values of the corresponding block in the photographed image;selecting a reference 3D color cube;generating look-up tables (LUTs) for each of the n regions, based on the reference 3D color cube; andcorrecting colors of input images to be projected by the image projection device using the look-up tables.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample image is divided into n regions of which the sizes and the color patterns are the same.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein each region of the sample image includes a plurality of blocks and the color values of each of the plurality of blocks correspond to R claim 2 , G claim 2 , and B claim 2 , with the R ...

VIDEO INFORMATION ENCODING METHOD AND DECODING METHOD

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding and decoding video information. The video information encoding method according to the present invention comprises: a step of performing a prediction on a current block; and a step of entropy-encoding the predicted information and transmitting the encoded information. The step of performing a prediction comprises: a step of acquiring motion information on a neighboring block from the neighboring block of the current block; and a step of determining motion information on the current block on the basis of the acquired motion information. The transmitting step also involves transmitting information required for the prediction of the current block. According to the present invention, the complexity of video compression and the quantity of transmitted information may be reduced. 1. A method of encoding video information , the method comprising the steps of:performing prediction for a current block; andentropy-encoding and transmitting the predicted information,wherein the performing of the prediction includes the steps of:obtaining motion information of neighboring blocks from the neighboring blocks of the current block; anddetermining motion information of the current block based on the obtained motion information, andwherein in the step of entropy-encoding and transmitting, information required to predict the current block is transmitted together with the predicted information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the neighboring block is a block belonging to a coding unit to which the current block belongs claim 1 , andthe motion information of the neighboring block includes partition information of the coding unit.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the step of determining motion information of the current block claim 1 , the motion information of the neighboring block and the same motion information as the motion information of the neighboring block are excluded from merge candidates of the current ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PARALLEL ENTROPY ENCODING/DECODING

The present invention relates to an entropy encoding method comprising the following steps: updating probability information using the update information derived based on a bit stream received from an encoder; deriving a bin corresponding to the current codeword based on the updated probability information; and performing the inverse binarization of the derived bin to acquire a syntax element. According to the present invention, video-encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved. 1. An entropy decoding method , comprising:updating probability information by using update information derived based on a bitstream received from an encoder;deriving a bin corresponding to a current codeword based on the updated probability information; andacquiring a syntax element by inversely binarizing the derived bin,wherein the probability information includes probability section information and representative probability information, the probability section information includes information on intervals for each of a plurality of probability sections and the number of the plurality of probability sections, and the representative probability information includes a representative probability for each of the plurality of probability sections.2. The entropy decoding method of claim 1 , wherein in the updating of the probability information claim 1 , at least one of the probability section information and the representative probability information is updated.3. The entropy decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the updating of the probability information includes:deriving probability distribution information of bins for a previous codeword from the bitstream; andupdating the probability information by using the derived probability distribution information.4. The entropy decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the updating of the probability information includes:parsing header information included in the bitstream; andupdating the probability information by using the parsed header information.5 ...

FABRICATION METHOD OF BURNABLE ABSORBER NUCLEAR FUEL PELLETS AND BURNABLE ABSORBER NUCLEAR FUEL PELLETS FABRICATED BY THE SAME

A fabrication method of burnable absorber nuclear fuel pellets and burnable absorber nuclear fuel pellets fabricated by the same are provided, in which the fabrication method includes adding boron compound and manganese compound to one or more type of nuclear fuel powders selected from the group consisting of uranium dioxide (UO), plutonium dioxide (PuO) and thorium dioxide (ThO) and mixing the same (step 1), compacting the mixed powder of step 1 into compacts (step 2), and sintering the compacts of step 2 under hydrogen atmosphere (step 3). According to the fabrication method, sintering can be performed under hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature lower than the hydrogen atmosphere sintering that is conventionally applied in the nuclear fuel sintered pellet mass production, by adding sintering additives such as manganese oxide or the like. 1. A fabrication method of burnable absorber nuclear fuel pellets , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'adding boron compound and manganese compound to one or more type of nuclear fuel powders selected from the group consisting of uranium dioxide (UO), plutonium dioxide (PuO) and thorium dioxide (ThO) and mixing the same (step 1);'}compacting the mixed powder of step 1 into compacts (step 2); andsintering the compacts of step 2 under hydrogen atmosphere (step 3).2. The fabrication method of claim 1 , wherein the boron compound of step 1 is one or more types of compounds selected from the group consisting of boron carbide (BC) claim 1 , titanium diboride (TiB) claim 1 , zirconium diboride (ZrB) and boron nitride (BN).3. The fabrication method of claim 1 , wherein the boron compound of step 1 is boron nitride (BN).4. The fabrication method of claim 1 , wherein the manganese compound of step 1 is one or more types of compounds selected from the group consisting of manganese oxide (MnO) claim 1 , manganese dioxide (MnO) claim 1 , manganese sulfide claim 1 , manganese fluoride claim 1 , and manganese chloride.5. The fabrication method of ...

Light emitting diode chip having electrode pad

Disclosed herein is an LED chip including electrode pads. The LED chip includes a semiconductor stack including a first conductive type semiconductor layer, a second conductive type semiconductor layer on the first conductive type semiconductor layer, and an active layer interposed between the first conductive type semiconductor layer and the second conductive type semiconductor layer; a first electrode pad located on the second conductive type semiconductor layer opposite to the first conductive type semiconductor layer; a first electrode extension extending from the first electrode pad and connected to the first conductive type semiconductor layer; a second electrode pad electrically connected to the second conductive type semiconductor layer; and an insulation layer interposed between the first electrode pad and the second conductive type semiconductor layer. The LED chip includes the first electrode pad on the second conductive type semiconductor layer, thereby increasing a light emitting area.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING A VIDEO COMPRESSION STANDARD IN A 3DTV SERVICE

A method and apparatus for determining an image compression format of a 3-dimensional television (3DTV). The method may include encoding a high-quality image and transmitting the encoded high-quality image through a first channel, determining an image compression format in which a resolution of the encoded low-quality image is higher than or equal to a reference value in comparison to the high-quality image, and encoding the low-quality image according to the determined image compression format and transmitting, the encoded low-quality image through a second channel. 1. A method of determining an image compression format , the method comprising:encoding a high-quality image with respect to a 3-dimensional (3D) stereo image constituted by the high-quality image and a low-quality image;determining an image compression format in which a resolution of the encoded low-quality image is higher than or equal to a reference value in comparison to the high-quality image;encoding the low-quality image according to the determined image compression format;transmitting the encoded high-quality image through a first channel; andtransmitting the encoded low-quality image through a second channel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining of the image compression format comprises:determining the image compression format in which a horizontal resolution of the encoded low-quality image is higher than or equal to a first reference value in comparison to a horizontal resolution of the encoded high-quality image.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining of the image compression format comprises:determining the image compression format in which a vertical resolution of the low-quality image is higher than or equal to a second reference value in comparison to a vertical resolution of the encoded high-quality image.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining of the image compression format comprises;calculating an average power of quantization noise ratio of the ...

DEPTH VIDEO FILTERING METHOD AND APPARATUS

An image synthesizing method according to the present invention includes generating a depth image in a current picture by searching depth information using a plurality of color images obtained at different view points, performing filtering on the depth image using a 3-dimensional (3D) joint bilateral filter, and generating a synthesized image using the plurality of color images and the filtered depth image, wherein the 3D joint bilateral filter performs filtering on the generated depth image using color image information for at least one of previous pictures, the current picture, and subsequent pictures, and the color image information includes information on a boundary of an object in the color images and color information of the color images. According to the present invention, image processing performance may be enhanced. 1. An image synthesizing method comprising:generating a depth image in a current picture by searching depth information using a plurality of color images obtained at different view points;performing filtering on the depth image using a 3-dimensional (3D) joint bilateral filter; andgenerating a synthesized image using the plurality of color images and the filtered depth image,wherein the 3D joint bilateral filter performs filtering on the generated depth image using color image information for at least one of previous pictures, the current picture, and subsequent pictures, and the color image information includes information on a boundary of an object in the color images and color information of the color images.2. The image synthesizing method of claim 1 , further comprising storing the plurality of color images and the generated depth image in an image buffer claim 1 , wherein said performing filtering includes performing filtering using the depth image and the color images stored in the image buffer.3. The image synthesizing method of claim 1 , wherein said performing filtering includes performing filtering using only color image information ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING DEPTH IMAGE AND TEXTURE IMAGE

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for acquiring a texture image and a depth image in a scheme for acquiring a depth image based on a pattern image. An apparatus for acquiring a texture image and a depth image may include a pattern image irradiating unit to irradiate, onto a target object, a first pattern image and a second pattern image having a color complementary to a color of the first pattern image, an image taking unit to take a first screen image and a second screen image formed by irradiating the first pattern image and the second pattern image onto the target object, respectively, and an image processing unit to simultaneously extract a texture image and a depth image of the target object in the taken first screen image and the taken second screen image. 1. An apparatus comprising:a pattern image irradiating unit to irradiate, onto a target object, a first pattern image and a second pattern image having a color complementary to a color of the first pattern image;an image taking unit to take a first screen image and a second screen image formed by irradiating the first pattern image and the second pattern image onto the target object, respectively; andan image processing unit to simultaneously extract a texture image and a depth image of the target object in the taken first screen image and the taken second screen image.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , to apply the same image effect as irradiating a white light onto the target object claim 1 , the pattern image irradiating unit alternately irradiates the first pattern image and the second pattern image.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the first pattern image includes red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and the second pattern image includes cyan corresponding to R, magenta corresponding to G, and yellow corresponding to B.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pattern image irradiating unit irradiates the first pattern image and the second pattern image based on a synchronizing ...

INTRA PREDICTION MODE ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SAME

An intra prediction method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: deriving neighboring prediction mode information from a left neighboring prediction mode and a top neighboring prediction mode; deriving an intra prediction mode for a target unit to be decoded, using the derived neighboring prediction mode information; and performing intra prediction for the target unit to be decoded, based on the intra prediction mode. According to the present invention, video encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved. 1. An intra prediction method , comprising:deriving neighbor prediction mode information from a left neighbor prediction mode and an upper neighbor prediction mode;deriving an intra prediction mode for a decoding target unit by using the derived neighbor prediction mode information; andperforming intra prediction on the decoding target unit based on the derived intra prediction mode,wherein the left neighbor prediction mode is an intra prediction mode of a left neighbor unit adjacent to the left of the decoding target unit and the upper neighbor prediction mode is an intra prediction mode of the upper neighbor unit adjacent to the upper of the decoding target unit, andthe neighbor prediction mode information includes at least one of angular difference information and mode number information, the angular difference information includes an angular difference value between an angle of the left neighbor prediction mode and an angle of the upper neighbor prediction mode, and the mode number information includes a mode number of the left neighbor prediction mode and a mode number of the upper neighbor prediction mode.2. The intra prediction method of claim 1 , wherein the deriving of the intra prediction mode further includes:receiving and decoding an MPM index for the decoding target unit;determining most probable mode (MPM) candidates for the decoding target unit by using the neighbor prediction mode information;generating an MPM list by ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INTER PREDICTION

An inter prediction method according to the present invention comprises: a step for deriving reference motion information related to a unit to be decoded in a current picture; and a step for performing motion compensation for the unit to be decoded, using the reference motion information that has been derived. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be enhanced. 1. An inter prediction method , comprising:deriving reference motion information on a decoding target unit within a current picture; andperforming motion compensation on the decoding target unit by using the derived reference motion information,wherein the reference motion information is motion information included in a reference picture for the current picture and includes at least one of a reference picture list, a reference picture index, a motion vector, a prediction direction, and a motion vector predictor.2. The inter prediction method of claim 1 , wherein the deriving of the reference motion information further includes extracting the reference motion information from the reference picture.3. The inter prediction method of claim 2 , wherein the extracting of the reference motion information further includes:obtaining count information by counting occurrence frequency of each of the plurality of motion information within the reference picture; andselecting the reference motion information from the plurality of motion information within the reference picture, based on the obtained count information.4. The inter prediction method of claim 2 , wherein the extracting of the reference motion information includes:deriving a motion information median by performing median operation on the motion information within the reference picture; andextracting the motion information median as the reference motion information.5. The inter prediction method of claim 2 , wherein the extracting of the reference motion information further includes performing sub-sampling on the motion ...

DEVICE FOR ENCODING ULTRA-HIGH DEFINITION IMAGE AND METHOD THEREOF, AND DECODING DEVICE AND METHOD THEREOF

Provided are an encoding device using predictive coding in a screen and a method thereof, and a decoding device and a method thereof. The encoding device is capable of generating a prediction block of a current block according to one of methods for generating a plurality of predetermined prediction blocks, and outputting at least one of encoding information and differential blocks as bitstream by entropy encoding according to whether differential blocks are encoded or not. 1. An encoding apparatus , comprising:an intra prediction unit that generates prediction blocks of current blocks based on a reference image;a subtraction unit that generates residual blocks through a difference between the current blocks and the prediction blocks;an encoding information generation unit that generates encoding information representing whether residual blocks are encoded based on whether the residual blocks are encoded; andan entropy decoding unit that performs entropy encoding on at least one of the residual blocks and the encoding information based on the encoding information.2. The encoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the entropy encoding generates bitstreams by encoding only the encoding information when the encoding information includes information representing that the residual blocks are not encoded.3. The encoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the encoding information generation unit generates encoding information including the information representing that the residual blocks are not encoded when similarity between the current blocks and the prediction blocks is more than predetermined reference similarity and including information representing that the residual blocks are encoded when the similarity between the current blocks and the prediction blocks is less than the predetermined reference similarity.4. The encoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the intra prediction unit generates the prediction blocks of the current blocks based on peripheral blocks decoded ...

Separator, Manufacturing Method Of The Same, And Electrochemical Device Having The Same

The separator of the present invention comprises a porous composite having a porous substrate and a first porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a first binder polymer; and a second porous coating layer formed on a first surface of the porous composite and comprising a mixture of cathode active material particles, a second binder polymer and a first conductive material, a third porous coating layer formed on a second surface of the porous composite and comprising a mixture of anode active material particles, a third binder polymer and a second conductive material, or both of the second porous coating layer and the third porous coating layer. Also, the separator of present invention may further comprise a fourth porous coating layer formed on at least one outermost surface thereof and comprising a fourth binder polymer. 1. A separator , comprising a porous composite having a porous substrate and a first porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a first binder polymer; anda second porous coating layer formed on a first surface of the porous composite and comprising a mixture of cathode active material particles, a second binder polymer and a first conductive material, a third porous coating layer formed on a second surface of the porous composite and comprising a mixture of anode active material particles, a third binder polymer and a second conductive material, or both of the second porous coating layer and the third porous coating layer.2. The separator according to claim 1 , which further comprises a fourth porous coating layer formed on at least one outermost surface thereof and comprising a fourth binder polymer.3. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode active material particles are selected from the group consisting of LiCoO claim 1 , LiNiO claim 1 , LiMnO claim 1 , LiCoPO ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AND CONSUMING THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) DATA FORMAT TO GENERATE REALISTIC PANORAMIC IMAGE

An apparatus and method for generating and consuming a three-dimensional (3D) data format to generate a realistic panoramic image are provided. The apparatus may include an image preprocessing unit to search for a matching point between images captured by a plurality of cameras, and to extract, as image information, at least one of a depth value, a texture value and object division information from each of the captured images, an image information structuring unit to structure 3D data to use the extracted image information to generate a realistic image, a 3D data format storage unit to store format information of the to structured 3D data in a database (DB), realistic image generating unit to generate a realistic panoramic image using the stored format information of the 3D data, and a realistic image rendering unit to perform rendering on the generated realistic panoramic image. 1. An apparatus for generating and consuming a three-dimensional (3D) data format , the apparatus comprising:an image preprocessing unit to search for a matching point between images captured by a plurality of cameras, and to extract, as image information, at least one of a depth value, a texture value and object division information from each of the captured images;an image information structuring unit to structure 3D data to use the extracted image information to generate a realistic image;a 3D data format storage unit to store format information of the structured 3D data in to a database (DB);a realistic image generating unit to generate a realistic panoramic image using the stored format information of the 3D data; anda realistic image rendering unit to perform rendering on the generated realistic panoramic image.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image preprocessing unit performs calibration claim 1 , verifies a 3D position relationship between the plurality of cameras claim 1 , and searches for the matching point based on the verified 3D position relationship.3. The apparatus ...

SIGNALING METHOD FOR A STEREOSCOPIC VIDEO SERVICE AND APPARATUS USING THE METHOD

Disclosed are a signaling method for a stereoscopic video service and an apparatus using the method. An image decoding method comprises: a step of determining a field value based on a broadcast service type and a display mode in decoding a program level descriptor; and a step of determining an encoded stream type, whether an elementary stream is a reference stream, whether the elementary stream is a left-eye image or a right-eye image, additional image upsampling information and information on a subsampled line. Thus, efficiency of encoding/decoding an additional image for a stereoscopic video content may increase. 120-. (canceled)21. A method for receiving broadcast data comprising the steps of:receiving broadcast stream including video stream and signaling information;decoding the signaling information; anddecoding the video stream by using the signaling information,wherein the signaling information includes first identification information for identifying type of stereoscopic service and upsampling factor information which is necessary after decoding video component of the stereoscopic service.221. The method of claim , wherein the signaling information further includes second identification information for identifying whether the video stream included in the stereoscopic service is reference video stream or secondary video stream.231. The method of claim , wherein the signaling information is PMT of PSI or VCT of PSIP.241. The method of claim , wherein the first identification information , when the signaling information is PMT , is included in program level descriptor and the flag and the upsampling factor information are included in elementary stream level descriptor.251. The method of claim , wherein the upsampling factor information represents resolution of coded secondary video with reference to the reference video.26. A device for receiving broadcast data , the device comprising:a receiving unit which receives broadcast stream and signaling information;a ...

Method of controlling a 3d video coding rate and apparatus using the same

A 3D video encoding rate controlling method and an apparatus using the method are disclosed. An image encoding method includes encoding first and second images at a first encoding ratio, with an encoding rate of the first image different from an encoding rate of the second image and after encoding the first and second images at the first encoding ratio, encoding the first and second images at a second encoding ratio. Accordingly, it may be possible to provide a viewer with 3D images while minimizing visual fatigue in consideration of a human visual characteristics.

Method and apparatus for transmitting stereoscopic video information

Provided are a method and an apparatus for transmitting stereoscopic video information capable of providing a stereoscopic video service. The method for transmitting stereoscopic video information comprises the steps of: creating a signaling table including video-related information; and transmitting the signaling table and the video, wherein the signaling table can include stream type information, a stereoscopic program information descriptor and/or a stereoscopic additional video stream descriptor, of the image

INTRA PREDICTION METHOD AND APPARATUS

An intra prediction method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: performing a directional prediction using at least one of a neighboring pixel of a current block and a left upper corner pixel positioned at a left upper corner of the current block so as to obtain a first prediction value for the current block; obtaining a second prediction value for the current block using the reference sample positioned in the current block; and weighted summing the first prediction value and the second prediction value using a weighting matrix so as to obtain a final prediction value for the current block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency may be improved. 1. An intra prediction method , comprising:deriving a first prediction value for the current block by performing directional prediction using at least one of neighboring samples adjacent to a current block and left upper corner samples at a left upper corner of the current block;deriving a second prediction value for the current block by using a reference sample positioned in the current block; andderiving a final prediction value for the current block by performing a weighting sum for the first prediction value and the second prediction value using a weighting matrix.2. The intra prediction method of claim 1 , wherein the deriving of the second prediction value further includes:positioning the reference sample;reconstructing the reference sample of the determined position; andderiving the second prediction value using the reconstructed reference sample.3. The intra prediction method of claim 2 , wherein the positioning of the reference sample determines a predetermined fixed position as the position of the reference sample.4. The intra prediction method of claim 2 , wherein the positioning of the reference sample further includes:receiving position information on the position of the reference sample from an encoder.decoding the position information; andpositioning ...

Method and device for determining reference unit

An inter prediction method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: selecting candidate units from among reconstructed neighbor units; creating a candidate unit set with respect to units to be decoded, using the selected candidate units; determining a reference unit from among the candidate units which constitute the created candidate unit set; and performing inter prediction on the units to be decoded, using the determined reference unit. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

TRANSPORT STREAM GENERATING APPARATUS, TURBO PACKET DEMULTIPLEXING APPARATUS, AND METHODS THEREOF

A transport stream generating apparatus, a turbo packet demultiplexing apparatus, and methods thereof, the transport stream generating apparatus including: a Reed Solomon (RS) encoder to RS-encode turbo data, an interleaver to interleave the RS-encoded turbo data, a duplicator to add a parity insertion area to the interleaved turbo data, and a multiplexer to multiplex normal data and the turbo data processed by the duplicator to generate a transport stream. Accordingly, reception performance can be improved in an advanced vestigial sideband (AVSB) system. 1. A digital broadcasting apparatus comprising:a randomizer to randomize a data;a parity area generator to generate a parity area for inserting a parity bit for the randomized data;a deinterleaver to deinterleaves the data which the parity area is generated; anda parity area eliminator to removes the parity area from the deinterleaved data.2. The digital broadcasting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:a Reed Solomon (RS) encoder to RS-encode the data; andan interleaver to interleave the RS-encoded additional data.3. The digital broadcasting apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the interleaver adjusts a memory size thereof according to a data transmission rate.4. The digital broadcasting apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the interleaver is a convolutional interleaver.5. The digital broadcasting apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein a number of branches of the convolutional interleaver is set to be a proper divisor of a transmission data unit of the digital broadcasting system.6. A data processing method comprising:randomizing a data;generating a parity area for inserting a parity bit for the randomized data;deinterleaving the data which the parity area is generated; andremoving the parity area from the deinterleaved data.7. The data processing method as claimed in claim 6 , further comprising:RS-encoding the data; andinterleaving the RS-encoded additional data.8. The data ...

SEPARATOR AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE HAVING THE SAME

The present invention provides a separator having a porous substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer, which has a value of a porosity×an air permeability per thickness in the range of 5 to 40, the porosity and the air permeability per thickness. The separator having a porous coating layer according to the present invention has a porosity which is controlled depending on the air permeability of the porous substrate, and thus exhibit superior ionic conductivity as well as good mechanical properties, thereby contributing to improve the performance and safety of an electrochemical device. 1. A separator , comprising a porous substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer , which has a value of a porosity×an air permeability per thickness in the range of 5 to 40 , the porosity and the air permeability per thickness being defined by Formula (I) and Formula (II) , respectively:{'br': None, 'Porosity=1−(the weight ratio of the inorganic particles/the density of the inorganic particles+the weight ratio of the binder polymer/the density of the binder polymer)\u2003\u2003[Formula (I)]'}{'br': None, 'Air Permeability per thickness=(the air permeability of the separator−the air permeability of the porous substrate)/(the thickness of the separator−the thickness of the porous substrate)\u2003\u2003[Formula (II)]'}2. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porosity ranges from equal to or greater than 0.5 to less than 1 claim 1 , and the air permeability per thickness ranges from 5 to 80.3. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based polymer.4. The separator according to claim 3 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene ...

VIDEO ENCODING METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAST INTRA PREDICTION

An image encoding method in an image encoding apparatus is provided. An image encoding apparatus calculates an SATD (Sum of Absolute Transform Difference)-based encoding expense of each of a plurality of intra prediction modes for a current prediction unit. The image encoding apparatus determines at least one or more first candidate encoding modes for the current prediction unit based on the SATD-based encoding expense. The image encoding apparatus determines a final encoding mode among the first candidate encoding modes. 1. An image encoding method in an image encoding apparatus , the image encoding method comprising:calculating an SATD (Sum of Absolute Transform Difference)-based encoding expense of each of a plurality of intra prediction modes for a current prediction unit;determining at least one or more first candidate encoding modes for the current prediction unit based on the SATD-based encoding expense; anddetermining a final encoding mode among the first candidate encoding modes.2. The image encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the SATD-based encoding expense is determined based on an SATD of each of the plurality of intra prediction modes and a bit amount required by each of the plurality of intra prediction modes.3. The image encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the SATD-based encoding expense is determined by the following equation:{'br': None, 'i': J', '=S', '+λB, 'sub': SATD', 'pred', 'pred}{'sub': SATD', 'pred', 'pred, 'wherein Jis the SATD-based encoding expense, Sis the SATD of each of the plurality of intra prediction modes, λ is a predetermined proportional coefficient, and Bis the bit amount required by each of the plurality of intra prediction modes.'}4. The image encoding method of claim 3 , wherein each of the plurality of intra prediction modes is the same as an encoding mode of a prediction unit positioned at an upper or left side of the current prediction unit claim 3 , and wherein the bit amount is 2.5. The image encoding method of claim 3 ...

MIDDLE AND LARGE-SIZED BATTERY PACK HAVING IMPROVED COOLING EFFICIENCY

Disclosed herein is a middle- or large-sized battery pack including a module assembly constructed in a structure in which a plurality of battery modules, each of which includes a plurality of battery cells or unit modules mounted in a module case while the battery cells or unit modules are connected in series to each other, are arranged such that the battery modules are disposed in contact with each other in the lateral direction, and a coolant flow channel is vertically formed, a plurality of support members for supporting opposite sides and the bottom of the module assembly and maintaining the arrangement state of the module assembly, and a pack housing for surrounding the module assembly and the support members. 1. A middle- or large-sized battery pack comprising: a module assembly constructed in a structure in which a plurality of battery modules , each of which includes a plurality of battery cells or unit modules mounted in a module case while the battery cells or unit modules are connected in series to each other , are arranged such that the battery modules are disposed in contact with each other in the lateral direction , and a coolant flow channel is vertically formed; a plurality of support members for supporting opposite sides and the bottom of the module assembly and maintaining the arrangement state of the module assembly; and a pack housing for surrounding the module assembly and the support members ,wherein the support members include: a pair of side support members for preventing the coolant from leaking to the outside while surrounding sides of the outermost battery modules of the module assembly, a pair of bottom support members for supporting front and rear lower ends of the module assembly while spacing the module assembly from the bottom by a predetermined height, the bottom support members being coupled to the side support members; at least one top connection member connected to the side support members for guiding the coolant to the module ...

SEPARATOR AND ELECTROCHEMICAL DEVICE HAVING THE SAME

The present invention refers to a separator for an electrochemical device and an electrochemical device having the same. More specifically, the separator of the present invention comprises a porous substrate; a first porous coating layer formed on one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a first binder polymer; and a second porous coating layer formed on the other surface of the porous substrate and comprising a product obtained by drying a mixture of a solvent, a non-solvent and a second binder polymer. 1. A separator , comprising:a porous substrate;a first porous coating layer formed on one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of inorganic particles and a first binder polymer; anda second porous coating layer formed on the other surface of the porous substrate and comprising a product obtained by drying a mixture of a solvent, a non-solvent and a second binder polymer.2. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the second porous coating layer is formed on a part of the other surface of the porous substrate.3. The separator according to claim 1 , which further comprises an electrode-adhesive layer formed on the surface of the first porous coating layer and comprising a third binder polymer.4. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based polymer.5. The separator according to claim 4 , wherein the porous substrate is made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene claim 4 , polypropylene claim 4 , polybutylene and polypentene.6. The separator according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic particles are selected from the group consisting of inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 or higher claim 1 , inorganic particles having the ability to transport lithium ions claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.7. The separator according to claim 6 , wherein the inorganic particles having a dielectric constant of 5 ...

METHOD FOR ENCODING VIDEO INFORMATION AND METHOD FOR DECODING VIDEO INFORMATION, AND APPARATUS USING SAME

Disclosed herein is a method for coding image information, including: generating prediction information by predicting information on a current coding unit; and determining whether the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information, wherein when the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information is coded and transmitted, and when the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information, the flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information and the information on the current coding unit are coded and transmitted. 1. A method for coding image information , comprising:generating prediction information by predicting information on a current coding unit; anddetermining whether the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information,wherein when the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information, a flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is the same as the prediction information is coded and transmitted, andwhen the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information, the flag indicating that the information on the current coding unit is not the same as the prediction information and the information on the current coding unit are coded and transmitted, andat the generating of the prediction information, the prediction information is generated by using the information on the coding unit neighboring to the current coding unit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information on the coding unit neighboring to the current coding unit is the information on the coding unit corresponding to the current coding unit within a reference frame.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information on the ...

FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS, DIGITAL BROADCASTING RECEPTION APPARATUS, AND DECODING METHOD THEREOF

A forward error correction encoding method includes: separating a first header section from an inputted packet stream; generating a second payload section by encoding a first payload section of the packet stream, from which the first header section is separated, according to a preset code rate; generating a second header section according to the code rate; and combining the first header section, the second header section, and the second payload section. 1. A forward error correction encoding method , comprising:separating a first header section from an inputted packet stream;generating a second payload section by encoding a first payload section of the packet stream, from which the first header section is separated, according to a preset code rate;generating a second header section according to the code rate; andcombining the first header section, the second header section, and the second payload section,wherein the inputted packet stream is composed of 188 bytes, of which upper 4 bytes are the first header section and the remaining 184 bytes are the first payload section.2. The forward error correction encoding method of claim 1 , wherein said generating a second payload section comprises:block-interleaving the first payload section;encoding the block-interleaved first payload section so that a parity packet according to the code rate is included therein; andgenerating the second payload section by block-deinterleaving the encoded first payload section.3. The forward error correction encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the parity packet is located outside the encoded first payload section and included in the second payload section and wherein the encoding is a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoding or a low density parity check (LDPC) encoding.4. The forward error correction encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the second header section comprises a PID representing a header generated according to the code rate.5. The forward error correction encoding method of claim 1 , ...

Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding images using a motion vector

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding/decoding image using a motion vector.According to one embodiment of the present invention, an image-decoding method is provided. The image-decoding method comprises the following steps: clipping a motion vector of a reference picture with a predetermined dynamic range so as to generate a clipped motion vector; storing the clipped motion vector in a buffer; deriving a motion vector of a block to be decoded using the motion vector stored in the buffer; and performing inter-prediction decoding using the motion vector of the block to be decoded. According to the present invention, the size of a memory space required to store a motion vector may be reduced.

BROADCAST TRANSMITTING APPARATUS AND BROADCAST TRANSMITTING METHOD FOR PROVIDING AN OBJECT-BASED AUDIO, AND BROADCAST PLAYBACK APPARATUS AND BROADCAST PLAYBACK METHOD

A broadcast transmitting apparatus and method, and a broadcast playback apparatus and method for providing an object-based audio by encoding and decoding a multichannel audio signal are provided. The broadcast transmitting apparatus may generate audio identification information used to determine whether the multichannel audio signal is an object-based audio signal. When the multichannel audio signal is determined to be the object-based audio signal, based on the audio identification information, the broadcast playback apparatus may control and output the multichannel audio signal for each channel. 1. A broadcast transmitting apparatus , comprising:an audio encoder to encode a multichannel audio signal; andan audio identification information generator to generate audio identification information, the audio identification information being used to determine whether the multichannel audio signal is an object-based audio signal.2. The broadcast transmitting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the audio identification information generator generates at least one piece of mixing information including a scheme of mixing channels claim 1 , when the multichannel audio signal is determined to be the object-based audio signal.3. The broadcast transmitting apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the audio identification information generator generates the audio identification information in the form of a descriptor.4. A broadcast transmitting method claim 1 , comprising:encoding a multichannel audio signal; andgenerating audio identification information, the audio identification information being used to determine whether the multichannel audio signal is an object-based audio signal.5. The broadcast transmitting method of claim 4 , wherein the generating comprises claim 4 , when the multichannel audio signal is determined to be the object-based audio signal claim 4 , generating at least one piece of mixing information including a scheme of mixing channels.6. The broadcast transmitting method ...

IMAGE ENCODING/DECODING METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SAME

According to the present invention, an image encoding/decoding method comprises the steps of: performing an intra prediction on a current block so as to generate a prediction block; performing filtering on a filtering target pixel in the prediction block on the basis of the intra prediction mode of the current block so as to generate a final prediction block; and generating a reconstructed block on the basis of a reconstructed differential block corresponding to the current block and on the final prediction block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved. 120-. (canceled)21. A video decoding apparatus comprising:a prediction block generating unit to generate a prediction block by performing intra prediction on a current block using a DC mode and to generate a final prediction block by performing filtering on a filtering target pixel in the prediction block; anda reconstructed block generating unit to generate a reconstructed block based on the final prediction block and a reconstructed residual block corresponding to the current block,wherein a filtering target region comprises a left vertical prediction pixel line that is one vertical pixel line positioned at a leftmost side of the prediction block and an upper horizontal prediction pixel line that is one horizontal pixel line positioned at an uppermost side of the prediction block.22. The video decoding apparatus of claim 21 , wherein when the filtering target pixel is a left upper prediction pixel positioned at a leftmost upper side of the prediction block claim 21 ,the filtering is performed on the filtering target pixel by applying a 3-tap filter based on the filtering target pixel, an upper reference pixel adjacent to an upper portion of the filtering target pixel, and a left reference pixel adjacent to a left of the filtering target pixel,the upper reference pixel and the left reference pixel being reconstructed reference pixels each adjacent to the current block, ...

ENTROPY CODING METHOD USING AN INDEX MAPPING TABLE, AND IMAGE-ENCODING/DECODING APPARATUS AND METHOD USING SAID ENTROPY CODING METHOD

Disclosed is an entropy coding method using an index mapping table, and an apparatus using the method. An imagedecoding method comprises: a step of mapping an inputted codeword to a code number with reference to an inverse codeword mapping table, and calculating the mapped code number in a table index; and a step of updating the inverse mapping table based on the accumulated number of occurrences of the code number, the number of sequential occurrences of the code number, neighbor block encoding/decoding information, and/or threshold value information for updating the inverse index mapping table. According to the present invention, an index mapping table is realigned based on a certain condition, thereby improving encoding/decoding efficiency. 1. An image decoding method , comprising:mapping a received codeword to a specific code number with reference to an inverse codeword mapping table and calculating the mapped code number in a form of a table index; andupdating an inverse index mapping table based on at least one of a cumulative number of times that the specific code number has been generated, a consecutive number of times that the specific code number has been generated, coding/decoding information about a peripheral block, and critical value information for updating the inverse index mapping table.2. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if a number of times that the specific code number has been generated is greater than a specific critical value claim 1 , updating the inverse index mapping table is performed by swapping the specific code number with an upper code number having a code number value smaller than the specific code number.3. The image decoding method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if code numbers included in the inverse index mapping table are classified into a plurality of code number groups and a number of times that a first code number group including the code numbers has been generated is greater than a specific critical ...

METHOD FOR 3DTV MULTIPLEXING AND APPARATUS THEREOF

A method for 3DTV multiplexing according to the present invention comprises, deriving a delay value in units of frames for the left and right image based on a left image PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) corresponding to a left image and a right image PES corresponding to a right image, carrying out synchronization of the left image PES and the right image PES based on the delay value in units of frames, and generating 3DTV transport streams (TSs) by carrying out multiplexing of the synchronized left image PES and the synchronized right image PES. According to the present invention, efficiency of video services can be improved. 1. A method for 3DTV multiplexing , comprising:deriving a delay value in units of frames for the left image and the right image, based on a left image PES (Packetized Elementary Stream) corresponding to a left image and a right image PES corresponding to a right image;carrying out synchronization of the left image PES and the right image PES, based on the delay value in units of frames; andgenerating 3DTV transport streams (TSs) by carrying out multiplexing of the synchronized left image PES and the synchronized right image PES,wherein the delay value in units of frames corresponds to a time difference between the left image and the right image expressed in units of frames.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of deriving a delay value in units of frames further comprises extracting a first synchronization information value from a first video ES (Elementary Stream) within the left image PES and extracting a second synchronization information value from a second video ES within the right image PES; andderiving the delay value in units of frames based on the first synchronization information value and the second synchronization information value.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first synchronization information value is counted in units of frames and included in the first video ES claim 2 , and the second synchronization ...

Absorbent Article having Asymmetric Printed Patterns for Providing a Functional Cue

A feminine care absorbent article that contains multiple printed patterns of graphical objects visible from a body facing surface is provided. The layout and design of the patterns are carefully selected in the present invention to achieve a synergistic masking effect that helps visually disguise the presence of bodily fluids or stains around the periphery of the article. Such “passive” stain masking is achieved, in part, through the use of printed patterns that are distributed in an asymmetric manner about both the longitudinal and transverse centerlines of the article. The printed patterns are also located at or near the periphery of the article and at least partially extend into portions of the body facing surface that overlie the absorbent core. The pattern design is also such that a majority of an interior zone of the absorbent article is generally free of printed graphical objects. 1. A feminine care absorbent article that defines a longitudinal centerline and a transverse centerline , wherein the article comprises:a topsheet;a baffle;an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the baffle that defines a circumferential edge, wherein the topsheet and baffle extend outwardly from the circumferential edge and into a first longitudinally extending periphery portion located on one side of the longitudinal centerline, a second longitudinally extending periphery portion located along another side of the longitudinal centerline, a third laterally extending periphery portion located on one side of the transverse centerline and between respective inboard dimensions of the first peripheral zone and the second peripheral zone, and a fourth laterally extending peripheral portion located on another side of the transverse centerline and between respective inboard dimensions of the first and second peripheral zones, wherein a first transition zone extends circumferentially about an interior zone adjacent to the third peripheral zone and a second transition zone ...

METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGES USING PLURALITY OF REFERENCE IMAGES AND DEVICE USING METHOD

Disclosed are a method for encoding and decoding images using a plurality of reference images and a device using the method. The decoding method comprises the steps of: decoding predictive direction information; and decoding reference picture index information on the basis of said predictive direction information. Thus, the invention can increase an encoding efficiency by reducing the number of reference picture indexes. 1. A method of decoding an image , the method comprising:decoding prediction direction information; anddecoding reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the prediction direction information includes a first prediction direction in which a prediction target block is predicted based on at least one of pictures present in a reverse direction of a prediction target picture and at least one of pictures present in a forward direction of the prediction target picture claim 1 , a second direction in which the prediction target block is predicted based on ones of the pictures present in the forward direction of the prediction target picture claim 1 , and a third direction in which the prediction target block is predicted based on ones of the pictures present in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the prediction direction information further includes a fourth direction in which the prediction target block is predicted based on one of the pictures present in the forward direction of the prediction target picture and a fifth direction in which the prediction target block is predicted based on one of the pictures present in the reverse direction of the prediction target picture.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the decoding of the reference picture index information based on the prediction direction information includes decoding at least one picture index in a forward direction of a prediction target picture and decoding at least one ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING COLOR DIFFERENCE COMPONENT QUANTIZATION PARAMETER AND DEVICE USING THE METHOD

Disclosed are a method for determining a color difference component quantization parameter and a device using the method. Method for decoding an image can comprise the steps of: decoding a color difference component quantization parameter offset on the basis of size information of a transform unit; and calculating a color difference component quantization parameter index on the basis of the decoded color difference component quantization parameter offset. Therefore, the present invention enables effective quantization by applying different color difference component quantization parameters according to the size of the transform unit when executing the quantization. 1. A picture decoding method comprising:decoding chrominance component quantization parameter offsets based on transform unit size information; andcalculating chrominance component quantization parameter indices based on the decoded chrominance component quantization parameter offsets.2. The picture decoding method of claim 1 , further comprising calculating chrominance component quantization parameters according to the transform unit size information based on a mapping relationship between the chrominance component quantization parameter indices and the chrominance component quantization parameters.3. The picture decoding method of claim 2 , wherein in the decoding of the chrominance component quantization parameter offsets based on the transform unit size information claim 2 , the chrominance component quantization parameter offsets are decoded for each picture unit of at least one of a sequence claim 2 , a picture claim 2 , and a slice.4. The picture decoding method of claim 2 , wherein in the calculating of the chrominance component quantization parameters according to the transform unit size information based on the mapping relationship between the chrominance component quantization parameter indices and the chrominance component quantization parameters claim 2 ,the chrominance component quantization ...

Method for scanning transform coefficient and device therefor

The method for scanning a transform coefficient of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining a reference transform block for a block to be decoded; deriving a scanning map of the block to be decoded using scanning information of the reference transform block; and executing a reverse-scan on the transform coefficient of the block to be decoded using the derived scanning map. The present invention enhances image encoding/decoding efficiency.

LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium, characterised in that it contains 6. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the compounds of formula I in the mixture as a whole is from 2 to 30% by weight based on the total mixture.7. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains <5% by weight of a polymerizable compound based on the liquid crystalline mixture.8. A method of achieving an electro-optical effect comprising applying an electric signal to a liquid crystalline medium of .9. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display containing a liquid-crystalline medium according to .10. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display according to claim 9 , which is a TN claim 9 , TN-TFT claim 9 , FFS or IPS display.11. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Pand Pdenote acrylate or methacrylate.13. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein P denotes vinyloxy claim 3 , acrylate claim 3 , methacrylate claim 3 , fluoroacrylate claim 3 , chloroacrylate claim 3 , oxetane or epoxide.14. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis —CFO—.15. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis a single bond.16. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein L is F.17. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Ris n-alkyl claim 3 , n-alkoxy claim 3 , n-oxaalkyl claim 3 , n-fluoroalkyl claim 3 , n-fluoroalkoxy or n-alkenyl claim 3 , each having up to 6 carbon atoms. The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium containing at least one polymerisable compound, to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and to display devices containing this medium.Liquid crystals are used principally as dielectrics in display devices, since the optical properties of such substances can be modified by an applied voltage. Electro-optical devices based on liquid crystals are extremely well known to the person skilled in the ...

LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium, characterised in that it contains 6. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the compounds of formula I in the mixture as a whole is from 2 to 30% by weight based on the total mixture.7. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains <5% by weight of a polymerizable compound based on the liquid crystalline mixture.8. A method of achieving an electro-optical effect comprising applying an electric signal to a liquid crystalline medium of .9. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display containing a liquid-crystalline medium according to .10. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display according to claim 9 , which is a TN claim 9 , TN-TFT claim 9 , FFS or IPS display.11. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Pand Pdenote acrylate or methacrylate.13. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein P denotes vinyloxy claim 3 , acrylate claim 3 , methacrylate claim 3 , fluoroacrylate claim 3 , chloroacrylate claim 3 , oxetane or epoxide.14. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis —CFO—.15. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis a single bond.16. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein L is F.17. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , wherein Ris n-alkyl claim 1 , n-alkoxy claim 1 , n-oxaalkyl claim 1 , n-fluoroalkyl claim 1 , n-fluoroalkoxy or n-alkenyl claim 1 , each having up to 6 carbon atoms and Xis F claim 1 , Cl claim 1 , CF claim 1 , OCFor OCHF.18. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula IX to XV.19. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula XVI to XX.20. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula XXIII. The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium containing at least one polymerisable compound ...

LIQUID-CRYSTALLINE MEDIUM

The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium, characterised in that it contains 6. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , wherein the proportion of the compounds of formula I in the mixture as a whole is from 2 to 30% by weight based on the total mixture.7. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains <5% by weight of a polymerizable compound based on the liquid crystalline mixture.8. A method of achieving an electro-optical effect comprising applying an electric signal to a liquid crystalline medium of .9. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display containing a liquid-crystalline medium according to .10. An electro-optical liquid-crystal display according to claim 9 , which is a TN claim 9 , TN-TFT claim 9 , FFS or IPS display.11. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Pand Pdenote acrylate or methacrylate.13. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein P denotes vinyloxy claim 3 , acrylate claim 3 , methacrylate claim 3 , fluoroacrylate claim 3 , chloroacrylate claim 3 , oxetane or epoxide.14. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis —CFO—.15. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein Zis a single bond.16. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 3 , wherein L is F.17. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , wherein Ris n-alkyl claim 1 , n-alkoxy claim 1 , n-oxaalkyl claim 1 , n-fluoroalkyl claim 1 , n-fluoroalkoxy or n-alkenyl claim 1 , each having up to 6 carbon atoms.18. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula XXIV-1.19. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula XXIV-2.20. A liquid-crystalline medium according to claim 1 , which contains a compound of formula XXIV-3 or XXIV-4. The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium containing at least one polymerisable compound, to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INTRA-PREDICTION

The multi sample prediction method of the present invention comprises the steps of: determining a sample group consisting of a plurality of samples inside a decoding target block; determining a representative position corresponding to the sample group, inside the decoding target block; determining a representative prediction value for the sample group, on the basis of the determined representative position; and determining the determined representative prediction value as the final prediction value for each of the plurality of samples making up the sample group. The present invention enhances efficiency in encoding/decoding and reduces complexity thereof. 1. A multi-sample prediction method comprising:determining a sample group comprised of a plurality of samples in a decoding target block;determining a representative position corresponding to the sample group in the decoding target block;determining a representative prediction value with respect to the sample group based on the determined representative position; anddetermining the determined representative prediction value as a final prediction value with respect to each of the plurality of samples constituting the sample group.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining whether to apply multi-sample prediction to the decoding target block by using a coding parameter of the decoding target block,wherein when it is determined to apply multi-sample prediction to the decoding target block, the operations that follow the sample group determining operation are sequentially performed and,the coding parameter includes at least one of a size of the decoding target block and an intra prediction mode of the decoding target block.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the determining of a sample group claim 1 ,the size and shape of the sample group are determined according to the coding parameter of the decoding target block, andthe coding parameter includes at least one of the size of the decoding ...

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING IMAGE USING ADAPTIVE DCT COEFFICIENT SCANNING BASED ON PIXEL SIMILARITY AND METHOD THEREFOR

The present invention discloses an encoding apparatus using a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) scanning, which includes a mode selection means for selecting an optimal mode for intra prediction; an intra prediction means for performing intra prediction onto video inputted based on the mode selected in the mode selection means; a DCT and quantization means for performing DCT and quantization onto residual coefficients of a block outputted from the intra prediction means; and an entropy encoding means for performing entropy encoding onto DCT coefficients acquired from the DCT and quantization by using a scanning mode decided based on pixel similarity of the residual coefficients. 1. An encoding apparatus comprising:a mode selection unit configured to select an intra prediction mode;an intra prediction unit configured to perform intra prediction using the selected intra prediction mode to obtain difference values between pixel values and predicted pixel values;a transformation and quantization unit configured to perform transformation and quantization on the difference values to obtain transform coefficients; andan entropy encoding unit configured to perform entropy encoding of the transform coefficients scanned according to a scanning mode selected based on the selected intra prediction mode.2. The encoding apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the entropy encoding unit is further configured to:perform entropy encoding of the transform coefficients scanned according to a horizontal scanning mode when the selected intra prediction mode is a vertical intra prediction mode and a vertical pixel similarity of the difference values is high;perform entropy encoding of the transform coefficients scanned according to a vertical scanning mode when the selected intra prediction mode is a horizontal intra prediction mode and a horizontal pixel similarity of the difference values is high; andperform entropy encoding of the transform coefficients scanned according to a zigzag scanning mode ...