Dye fixatives

This invention is directed to treatments for dyed textile goods that will improve their fastness properties. More particularly, the invention is directed to certain fixatives that, when placed on the dyed textile, allow the dye to be permanently or substantially permanently affixed to the fabric. The dye-reactive fixative comprises a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer or oligomer having reactive groups that react with a dye on a dyed web to affix the dye to the web.

Data storage media containing carbon and metal layers

Optical information media containing a metal material layer and a carbon material layer are disclosed. The layering of the metal material layer and the carbon material layer are designed to reduce or eliminate problems associated with oxidation and berm formation during writing of data to the media.

DIGITAL INFORMATION MEDIA HAVING ADHESION PROMOTION LAYER ON A SUBSTRATE

Disclosed is a digital information media having an adhesion promotion layer supported on a dummy (L1) substrate that enables secure bonding of the L1 layer, directly or indirectly, to the rest of the stack of layers in the digital information media. Certain materials including metals, metal alloys, or metalloids enhance adhesion between the adhesive layer and the L1. By applying an adhesion promotion layer of such materials on an inner surface of the L1, the bond between the adhesive and the adhesion promotion layer improves bonding and reduces a tendency for the L1 to delaminate from the rest of the stack. The tendency for breakage of the media at the juncture between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is reduced, and incursion of moisture or oxygen through the interface between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is inhibited.

HYDROPHILIC FINISH FOR FIBROUS SUBSTRATES

This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction. © KIPO & WIPO 2007 ...

OPTICAL DATA STORAGE MEDIA CONTAINING AN ENCAPSULATED DATA LAYER

Optical information media containing encapsulated data layers are disclosed. Selective layering of materials in inner radial, middle radial, and outer radial zones allows for the faces and edges of at least the data layers to be encapsulated by other materials, resulting in increased resistance to harmful environmental agents such as oxygen and moisture.

Dye fixatives

This invention is directed to treatments for dyed textile goods that will improve their fastness properties. More particularly, the invention is directed to certain fixatives that, when placed on the dyed textile, allow the dye to be permanently or substantially permanently affixed to the fabric. The dye-reactive fixative comprises a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer or oligomer having reactive groups that react with a dye on a dyed web to affix the dye to the web.

Films containing an infused oxygenated gas and methods for their preparation

Objects having a substrate and an oxygenated gas infused coating layer are disclosed. The coating layer provides enhanced physical durability, chemical resistance, optical transparency, and ablatability as compared to conventional coatings.

FUNCTIONALIZED DIAMOND PARTICLES AND METHODS FOR PREPARING THE SAME

A functionalized particle is disclosed. The functionalized particle may include a diamond-particle substrate and a coating comprising at least one polymeric compound on at least a surface portion of the diamond-particle substrate, the at least one polymeric compound having at least one amine group. Additionally, the at least one polymeric compound may be at least partially reacted. The at least one polymeric compound may also be at least partially cured. The diamond substrate may be porous. In addition, a second coating coupled to at least a surface portion of the first coating. A separation apparatus may have a stationary phase including a plurality of diamond particles and a coating comprising at least one polymeric compound on at least a surface portion of the plurality of diamond particles is also disclosed. A method for forming a functionalized particle is also disclosed.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods of manufacture including priming prior to infiltration with stationary phase and/or precursor thereof

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Long-term digital data storage

Embodiments are directed to recording digital data on an optically ablatable digital storage media. In one embodiment, a device configured to ablate portions of ablatable material on an optically ablatable digital storage media receives digital data that is to be recorded on a recording layer of an optically ablatable digital storage media. The recording layer is formed on a substrate with zero or more intervening layers between the recording layer and the substrate. The recording layer includes ablatable material capable of storing digital data. The device ablates the ablatable material in the recording layer according to a sequence defined by the received digital data such that the ablated portions correspond to data points of the received digital data.

Hybrid polymer materials

The invention is directed to a hybrid polymer material or system that combines naturally occurring building blocks with synthetic building blocks. The sets of naturally occurring and synthetic building blocks are mixed and joined on a molecular or nanoscopic level to give homogeneous or microphase-separated morphologies to the resulting mixed polymer system. These hybrid polymers combine the comfort attributes of natural materials with the robustness and design properties of synthetic materials.

Fiber-reactive polymeric dyes

The invention is directed to fiber-reactive polymeric dyes, which comprise a dye covalently bound to a carboxyl-containing polymer. By "fiber-reactive" is meant that the polymeric dye will form a chemical covalent bond with the fiber, textile, or web to be treated, via functional groups for binding or attachment to the fibers of the webs to be dyed. The invention also encompasses textile dye preparations comprising a solution or suspension of the fiber-reactive polymeric dye. The resulting polymeric dye preparations have improved colorfastness and retention on the textile or web fiber structure, even after a large number of washings. The textiles or webs treated with the fiber-reactive dye are also included in the invention.

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES AND RELATED METHODS

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating including silicon nitride. At least a portion of the elongated nanostructures may be removed after being coated. The silicon nitride of the coating may be at least partially oxidized to form silicon dioxide. 1. A method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography plate , the method comprising:forming a catalyst layer disposed on a substrate that includes a first portion and at least a second portion, each of the first and at least a second portions exhibiting a selected non-linear configuration;forming a layer of elongated nanostructures on the first and at least a second portions of the catalyst layer, wherein the layer of elongated nanostructures includes a first portion grown on the first portion of the catalyst layer and at least a second portion grown on the at least a second portion of the catalyst layer;at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating including silicon nitride;after at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating, at least partially removing the elongated nanostructures; andafter at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating, at least partially oxidizing the silicon nitride of the coating to form silicon dioxide.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the coating that at least partially coats the elongated nanostructures defines respective elongated structures that extend longitudinally away from the substrate.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst layer includes iron claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , copper claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , alloys thereof claim 1 , or combinations thereof.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes a backing layer on which the catalyst ...

Nanoscopic hair care products

The present invention is directed to a hair treatment preparation comprising a payload in an intimate relationship to a polymeric nanostructure, the polymeric nanostructure being reactive to hair or capable of being immobilized onto or in hair. The nanoscopic nature of the entities being engineered ensures three distinct characteristics. First, the imparted attribute can be either nearly permanent or semi-permanent, depending on the attachment chemistry. In the semi-permanent version, the intended effect can be controllably erased by removal of the nanostructure by simple chemical or physical means. Second, the nanoscopic entities are invisibly small. Their presence does not deteriorate the hand or feel of the hair. Third, the nano-technology approach is infinitely flexible and adaptable. It can be coupled with many existing dyes, colorants, UV absorbers, fragrances, softening agents and the like for hair treatment. Methods for treating hair with the hair treatment preparations of the invention ...

POROUS COMPOSITE PARTICULATE MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME, AND RELATED APPARATUSES

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, zirconia, noble metals, acid-base stable highly cross-linked polymers, acid-base stable at least partially cross-linked polymers, titania, alumina, thoria combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Hydrophilic finish for fibrous substrates

This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction.

Solid phase extraction apparatuses and methods

Embodiments of the present invention relate to solid phase extraction ("SPE") apparatuses that include a sintered polycrystalline diamond ("PCD") stationary phase and methods of performing SPE using a sintered PCD stationary phase. In one embodiment, an SPE cartridge includes a housing that comprises a proximal first end including a housing inlet, a distal second end including a housing outlet, and an interior space extending between the housing inlet and the housing outlet. An SPE stationary phase may be positioned within the interior space and includes an inlet and an outlet. The SPE stationary phase comprises a mass of sintered diamond grains including a plurality of passageways extending therethrough between the inlet and the outlet. In other embodiments, an SPE apparatus may employ a sintered PCD stationary phase in the form of a disk. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, an SPE stationary phase of an SPE apparatus may comprise un-sintered diamond particles.

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES AND RELATED METHODS

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to acidified water vapor or immersion in a concentrated acid bath (e.g., HCl and methanol). At least a portion of the elongated nanostructures may be removed after being coated. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods of manufacture including priming prior to infiltration with stationary phase and/or precursor thereof

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

METHODS FOR DIRECT ATTACHMENT OF POLYMERS TO DIAMOND SURFACES AND DIAMOND ARTICLES

A method for forming a polymer on a substrate is disclosed. The method may include providing a substrate having a substrate surface, the substrate surface being at least partially hydrogen-terminated and reacting the substrate surface in a solution comprising at least one radical initiator and at least one monomer to form a polymer on the substrate surface. The monomer may comprise at least one of a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer. A stationary phase for use in separation applications such as chromatography and solid-phase extraction is also disclosed. The stationary phase may include a plurality of diamond bodies and a polymeric compound covalently bonded to at least a surface portion of the plurality of diamond particles.

Sonication for improved particle size distribution of core-shell particles

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

OPTICAL DATA STORAGE MEDIA CONTAINING SUBSTANTIALLY INERT LOW MELTING TEMPERATURE DATA LAYER

Optical information media that contain a data layer material that is substantially inert to oxidation and has a defined melting point range are disclosed. The inertness to oxidation and melting point range make the media particularly attractive for long-term information storage.

Diamond coating by living polymerization

A method for coating a diamond where an initiation site is provided on the diamond surface or initiation of a living polymerization on the site and the initiation site is reacted with a monomer having a site the reacts with and bonds to the initiation site to form an chemically attached chain with a new initiation site on the chain for further reaction with a monomer. An article with a coating upon a diamond surface, the coating the reaction product of a living polymerization reaction with initiation site on the diamond surface.

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES AND RELATED METHODS OF MANUFACTURE INCLUDING PRIMING PRIOR TO INFILTRATION WITH STATIONARY PHASE AND/OR PRECURSOR THEREOF

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed. 1. A method for manufacturing a chromatography apparatus , the method comprising:forming a catalyst layer on a substrate;forming a layer of elongated nanostructures on the catalyst layer;priming the elongated nanostructures to form a layer of primed elongated nanostructures by at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with at least one adhesion priming layer for promoting subsequent deposition of a coating thereon; andat least partially coating the primed elongated nanostructures with the coating, wherein the coating includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum, aluminum oxide, titanium, and titanium oxide.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising exposing the coating to at least one of an acid or base in order to bond hydroxyl groups to the stationary phase.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising exposing the stationary phase to a silane in order to bond silane groups to the stationary phase.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein the silane comprises an amino silane.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the amino silane comprises 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after the act of at ...

DATA STORAGE MEDIA CONTAINING INORGANIC NANOMATERIAL DATA LAYER

Optical information media having a support substrate and an inorganic nanomaterial data layer are disclosed. The data layer provides enhanced stability and optical performance as compared to conventional data layers.

POROUS COMPOSITE PARTICULATE MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME, AND RELATED APPARATUSES

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography, and solid phase extraction.

OPTICAL DATA STORAGE MEDIA CONTAINING METAL AND METAL OXIDE DARK LAYER STRUCTURE

Optical data storage media containing a “dark” layer structure are disclosed. Layered metals and metal oxides provide a dark background that enhances detection of changes in the data layer of the storage media. Combinations such as chromium metal and chromium oxide, and molybdenum metal and molybdenum oxide are offered as examples of suitable materials.

LONG-TERM DIGITAL DATA STORAGE

Embodiments are directed to recording digital data on an optically ablatable digital storage media. In one embodiment, a device configured to ablate portions of ablatable material on an optically ablatable digital storage media receives digital data that is to be recorded on a recording layer of an optically ablatable digital storage media. The recording layer is formed on a substrate with zero or more intervening layers between the recording layer and the substrate. The recording layer includes ablatable material capable of storing digital data. The device ablates the ablatable material in the recording layer according to a sequence defined by the received digital data such that the ablated portions correspond to data points of the received digital data.

Optical Data Media Containing An Ultraviolet Protection Layer

Optical information media containing an ultraviolet protection layer are described. The protection layer will reduce or eliminate damage to the media's data layer and substrate.

Hydrophilic finish for fibrous substrates

This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction.

PERMANENT SOLID STATE MEMORY

A permanent solid state memory device is disclosed. Recording data in the permanent solid state memory device forms voids in a data layer between a first wire array and a second wire array. Wires of the first wire array extend transversely to wires in the second wire array. The data layer is at least partially conductive such that a voltage applied between a selected first wire in the first wire array and a selected second wire in the second wire array creates a heating current through the data layer at a data point between the first wire and the second wire. The heating current causes a data layer material to melt and recede to form a permanent void. Control elements are operably connected to apply voltages to predetermined combinations of wires to form permanent voids at data points throughout the solid state memory device.

DIAMOND COATING BY LIVING POLYMERIZATION

A method for coating a diamond where an initiation site is provided on the diamond surface or initiation of a living polymerization on the site and the initiation site is reacted with a monomer having a site the reacts with and bonds to the initiation site to form an chemically attached chain with a new initiation site on the chain for further reaction with a monomer. An article with a coating upon a diamond surface, the coating the reaction product of a living polymerization reaction with initiation site on the diamond surface.

Porous composite particulate materials, methods of making and using same, and related apparatuses

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, zirconia, noble metals, acid-base stable highly cross-linked polymers, acid-base stable at least partially cross-linked polymers, titania, alumina, thoria combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Optical data storage media containing substantially inert low melting temperature data layer

Optical information media that contain a data layer material that is substantially inert to oxidation and has a defined melting point range are disclosed. The inertness to oxidation and melting point range make the media particularly attractive for long-term information storage.

Hydrophilic finish for fibrous substrates

This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction.

SONICATION FOR IMPROVED PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CORE-SHELL PARTICLES

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. 1. A method for manufacturing a porous composite particulate material , comprising:providing a plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles, wherein the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles include carbon core particles;providing a plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles, wherein the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles include at least one of graphitic carbon shell particles or diamond shell particles;applying sonic energy to the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles; and coating at least a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles, at least a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles, or combinations thereof with at least one polymer material; and', 'adhering a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles to at least some of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles with the at least one polymer ...

Long-term digital data storage

Embodiments are directed to recording digital data on an optically ablatable digital storage media. In one embodiment, a device configured to ablate portions of ablatable material on an optically ablatable digital storage media receives digital data that is to be recorded on a recording layer of an optically ablatable digital storage media. The recording layer is formed on a substrate with zero or more intervening layers between the recording layer and the substrate. The recording layer includes ablatable material capable of storing digital data. The device ablates the ablatable material in the recording layer according to a sequence defined by the received digital data such that the ablated portions correspond to data points of the received digital data.

Digital information media having adhesion promotion layer on a substrate

Disclosed is a digital information media having an adhesion promotion layer supported on a dummy (L1) substrate that enables secure bonding of the L1 layer, directly or indirectly, to the rest of the stack of layers in the digital information media. Certain materials including metals, metal alloys, or metalloids enhance adhesion between the adhesive layer and the L1. By applying an adhesion promotion layer of such materials on an inner surface of the L1, the bond between the adhesive and the adhesion promotion layer improves bonding and reduces a tendency for the L1 to delaminate from the rest of the stack. The tendency for breakage of the media at the juncture between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is reduced, and incursion of moisture or oxygen through the interface between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is inhibited.

Modified diamond particle surfaces and method

A method for preparing modified diamond particles for use in chromatography where hydroxyl groups at the diamond surfaces are reacted with a reactive molecule to introduce a desired functional group at the diamond surface.

SONICATION FOR IMPROVED PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF CORE-SHELL PARTICLES

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, ...

FUNCTIONALIZATION OF HYDROGEN DEUTERIUM-TERMINATED DIAMOND

Deuterium and hydrogen terminated diamond surfaces are functionalized with alkyl or aryl peroxide.

POLYCRYSTALLINE ARTICLES FOR REAGENT DELIVERY

A reagent delivering article comprising porous sintered polycrystalline diamond where the delivering article is capable of retaining at least one chemical reagent and releasing the chemical reagent in a fluid or has reactive sites on diamond surfaces of the article.

Durable finishes for textiles

The present invention relates to textile treatment compositions for imparting desirable characteristics durably to textile fibers and fabrics, including softness, hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, surface lubricity, abrasion resistance, tear resistance, improved drape, and pilling resistance. More particularly, in one embodiment, the invention is directed to preparations that comprise a carboxylate-functionalized fluorinated polymer and a catalyst that is capable of forming reactive anhydride rings between carboxyl groups on the polymer. In another embodiment, the invention is directed to preparations comprising a polymeric softener having at least one anhydride functional group or at least one reactive group capable of forming an anhydride functional group, together with a catalyst for forming anhydrides from the reactive group or groups. In either embodiment, the resulting reactive anhydride rings bind to substrates, such as textiles and other webs, having free sulfhydryl, alcohol, or amine ...

Optical data storage media containing an encapsulated data layer

Optical information media containing encapsulated data layers are disclosed. Selective layering of materials in inner radial, middle radial, and outer radial zones allows for the faces and edges of at least the data layers to be encapsulated by other materials, resulting in increased resistance to harmful environmental agents such as oxygen and moisture.

Optical data media containing an ultraviolet protection layer

Optical information media containing an ultraviolet protection layer are described. The protection layer will reduce or eliminate damage to the media's data layer and substrate.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Nanoscopic hair care products

The present invention is directed to a hair treatment preparation comprising a payload in an intimate relationship to a polymeric nanostructure, the polymeric nanostructure being reactive to hair or capable of being immobilized onto or in hair. The nanoscopic nature of the entities being engineered ensures three distinct characteristics. First, the imparted attribute can be either nearly permanent or semi-permanent, depending on the attachment chemistry. In the semi-permanent version, the intended effect can be controllably erased by removal of the nanostructure by simple chemical or physical means. Second, the nanoscopic entities are invisibly small. Their presence does not deteriorate the hand or feel of the hair. Third, the nano-technology approach is infinitely flexible and adaptable. It can be coupled with many existing dyes, colorants, UV absorbers, fragrances, softening agents and the like for hair treatment. Methods for treating hair with the hair treatment preparations of the invention ...

Data storage media containing inorganic nanomaterial data layer

Optical information media having a support substrate and an inorganic nanomaterial data layer are disclosed. The data layer provides enhanced stability and optical performance as compared to conventional data layers.

Polycrystalline articles for reagent delivery

A reagent delivering article comprising porous sintered polycrystalline diamond where the delivering article is capable of retaining at least one chemical reagent and releasing the chemical reagent in a fluid or has reactive sites on diamond surfaces of the article.

Method and apparatus for fabricating commercially feasible and structurally robust nanotube-based nanomechanical devices

A method and device for providing structurally robust and commercially feasible nanotube-based nanomechanical devices is provided. Specifically, a method of fabricating a carbon nanotube that is securely attached to a substrate, or atomic force microscopy tip, is provided by a process that uses silicide and palladium to secure the carbon nanotube to a commercially produced AFM cantilever, as well as self-aligning thin film deposition techniques.

MODIFIED DIAMOND PARTICLES

Modified diamond particles for use in chromatography with a desired functional group at the diamond surface, formed from reaction of hydroxyl groups at diamond surfaces with a reactive molecule. 1. A diamond particle with a modified surface , the surface having reactive molecules tethered to the diamond surface through ether , ester , or urethane linkages.2. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules contain C—H bonds.3. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules contain an electrophilic site.4. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules contain a leaving group.5. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules are a reaction product of one or more of alkyl isocyanate claim 1 , aryl isocyanate claim 1 , acid chloride with aromatic group claim 1 , acid chloride with alkyl group claim 1 , acid bromide claim 1 , alkyl halide claim 1 , aryl halide claim 1 , benzyl halide claim 1 , benzyl triflate claim 1 , benzyl mesylate claim 1 , alkyl mesylate claim 1 , alkyl tosylate claim 1 , and alkyl triflate.6. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules claim 1 , in addition to a reactive site claim 1 , comprise one of or more of alkyl groups claim 1 , and aryl groups.7. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise an alkyl group with the formula —(CH)CH claim 6 ,where n=0-25.8. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise an alkyl group that is branched.9. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise an alkly that is is partially or fully fluorinated.10. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise an aryl group with the formula —CH.11. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise an aryl group that is partially or fully fluorinated.12. The diamond particle of wherein the reactive molecules comprise one or more of alkyl isocyanate claim 6 , aryl isocyanate claim 6 , acid chloride with an aromatic group claim 6 , acid chloride with ...

DATA STORAGE CONTAINING CARBON AND METAL LAYERS

Optical information media containing a metal material layer and a carbon material layer are disclosed. The layering of the metal material layer and the carbon material layer are designed to reduce or eliminate problems associated with oxidation and berm formation during writing of data to the media.

FUNCTIONALIZED GRAPHITIC STATIONARY PHASE AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME

Embodiments disclosed herein include functionalized graphitic stationary phase materials and methods for making and using these materials, including the use of these materials in separation technologies such as, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. In an embodiment, a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material may be manufactured from high surface area porous graphitic carbon and a radical forming functionalizing agent. The radical forming functionalizing agent produces an intermediate that forms a covalent bond with the surface of the porous graphitic material and imparts desired properties to the surface of the graphitic carbon.

FILMS CONTAINING AN INFUSED OXYGENATED AS AND METHODS FOR THEIR PREPARATION

Objects having a substrate and an oxygenated gas infused coating layer are disclosed. The coating layer provides enhanced physical durability, chemical resistance, optical transparency, and ablatability as compared to conventional coatings.

GAS PHASE APPROACH TO IN-SITU/EX-SITU FUNCTIONALIZATION OF POROUS GRAPHITIC CARBON VIA RADICAL-GENERATED MOLECULES

Embodiments disclosed herein include graphitic stationary phase materials functionalized through a gas-phase functionalization reaction, as well as and methods for making and using these materials, including the use of these materials in separation technologies such as, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. In an embodiment, a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material may be prepared from high surface area porous graphitic carbon and a radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent. The radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent produces an intermediate that forms a covalent bond with the surface of the porous graphitic material and imparts desired properties to the surface of the graphitic carbon.

Hydrophobic coating and method

A hydrophobic coating and method of preparing a hydrophobic coating with an adhesion promoting layer formed from an adhesion promoting composition and a hydrophobic layer, is disclosed. The adhesion promoting composition may comprise an adhesion promoting compound having an amine group and at least one of a silane functional group and/or a germanium functional group. The hydrophobic layer forming composition may comprise a hydrophobic layer forming compound having a hydrophobic aliphatic group and at least one of a silane functional group and/or a germanium functional group.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (TLC) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. At least a portion of the elongated nanostructures may be removed after being coated. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Permanent solid state memory

A permanent solid state memory device is disclosed. Recording data in the permanent solid state memory device forms voids in a data layer between a first wire array and a second wire array. Wires of the first wire array extend transversely to wires in the second wire array. The data layer is at least partially conductive such that a voltage applied between a selected first wire in the first wire array and a selected second wire in the second wire array creates a heating current through the data layer at a data point between the first wire and the second wire. The heating current causes a data layer material to melt and recede to form a permanent void. Control elements are operably connected to apply voltages to predetermined combinations of wires to form permanent voids at data points throughout the solid state memory device.

DATA STORAGE MEDIA CONTAINING MAGNESIUM METAL LAYER

Optical information media containing a magnesium metal layer and a reactive material layer are disclosed. The magnesium metal can react directly with the reactive material layer, or with a chemical evolved from the reactive material layer after application of energy from a source such as a laser.

MODIFIED DIAMOND PARTICLE SURFACES AND METHOD

A method for preparing modified diamond particles for use in chromatography where hydroxyl groups at the diamond surfaces are reacted with a reactive molecule to introduce a desired functional group at the diamond surface.

NANOSCOPIC HAIR CARE PRODUCTS

The present invention is directed to a hair treatment preparation comprising a payload in an intimate relationship to a polymeric nanostructure, the polymeric nanostructure being reactive to hair or capable of being immobilized onto or in hair. The nanoscopic nature of the entities being engineered ensures three distinct characteristics. First, the imparted attribute can be either nearly permanent or semi-permanent, depending on the attachment chemistry. In the semi-permanent version, the intended effect can be controllably erased by removal of the nanostructure by simple chemical or physical means. Second, the nanoscopic entities are invisibly small. Their presence does not deteriorate the hand or feel of the hair. Third, the nano-technology approach is infinitely flexible and adaptable. It can be coupled with many existing dyes, colorants, UV absorbers, fragrances, softening agents and the like for hair treatment. Methods for treating hair with the hair treatment preparations of the invention are also encompassed.

MODIFIED DIAMOND PARTICLES

Modified diamond particles for use in chromatography with a desired functional group at the diamond surface, formed from reaction of hydroxyl groups at diamond surfaces with a reactive molecule. 1. A chemical separation apparatus , comprising:a stationary phase including a plurality of diamond surfaces, each of at least some of the plurality of diamond surfaces including a modified surface having at least one of an acyl halide derivative or an isocyanate derivative tethered to the modified surface through an ester linkage or a urethane linkage respectively.2. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the at least one of the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivative provides steric hindrance from further reactions with at least one of the diamond surface claim 1 , the ester linkage claim 1 , or the urethane linkage.3. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide or the isocyanate derivative is formed from an acyl halide molecule or an isocyanate molecule having an electrophilic site.4. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivatives is formed from an acyl halide or isocyanate molecule having a leaving group.5. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivative is a reaction product of one or more of alkyl isocyanate claim 1 , aryl isocyanate claim 1 , acid chloride with aromatic group claim 1 , acid chloride with alkyl group claim 1 , or acid bromide.6. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivative includes one of or more of alkyl groups or aryl groups.7. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivative includes an alkyl group with the formula —(CH)CH claim 6 , where n=0-25.8. The chemical separation apparatus of wherein the acyl halide derivative or the isocyanate derivative includes an alkyl group that is branched.9. The chemical ...

Method for protecting cotton from enzymatic attack by cellulase enzymes

This invention is directed to methods for the treatment of cellulose-containing fibers and yarn to provide protection to the cellulose from attack by enzymes. The method comprises the steps of exposing cellulose-containing fibers and yarn to an aqueous solution of an enzyme-repelling chemical to give the fibers or yarn a protective coating, and using the protectively coated fibers and yarn to prepare cloth or fabric. In another embodiment, the method of the invention comprises the step of exposing a fabric comprising cellulose-containing yarn to an aqueous solution of an enzyme-repelling chemical to give the fabric a protective coating. The invention also encompasses cellulose-containing fibers and yarn, including cotton, having a protective enzyme-repelling coating. The invention is further directed to denim fabric comprising cotton fill yarn having a protective enzyme-repelling coating. Such denim fabric, and any garments made therefrom, will exhibit greater strength and durability following ...

GAS PHASE APPROACH TO IN-SITU/EX-SITU FUNCTIONALIZATION OF POROUS GRAPHITIC CARBON VIA RADICAL-GENERATED MOLECULES

Embodiments disclosed herein include graphitic stationary phase materials functionalized through a gas-phase functionalization reaction, as well as and methods for making and using these materials, including the use of these materials in separation technologies such as, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. In an embodiment, a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material may be prepared from high surface area porous graphitic carbon and a radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent. The radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent produces an intermediate that forms a covalent bond with the surface of the porous graphitic material and imparts desired properties to the surface of the graphitic carbon. 1. A gas-phase method for preparing a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material suitable for use in a separation apparatus , the method comprising:providing porous graphitic carbon having a porosity and surface area suitable for use as a stationary phase;volatilizing a dialkyl peroxide functionalizing agent so that the functionalizing agent is in a gas-phase; and forming a first portion of peroxy radicals from the dialkyl peroxide functionalizing agent for a first functionalization treatment; and', 'covalently bonding at least some of the first portion of peroxy radicals to the porous graphitic carbon during a first functionalization treatment to yield a partially functionalized graphitic stationary phase material;', 'forming a second portion of peroxy radicals from the dialkyl peroxide functionalizing agent for at least a second functionalization treatment; and', 'covalently bonding at least some of the second portion of peroxy radicals to the porous graphitic carbon during a second functionalization treatment to yield the functionalized graphitic stationary phase material., 'functionalizing at least a portion of the surface area of the porous graphitic carbon in a multi-stage functionalization treatment by2. The ...

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES AND RELATED METHODS OF MANUFACTURE INCLUDING PRIMING PRIOR TO INFILTRATION WITH STATIONARY PHASE AND/OR PRECURSOR THEREOF

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed. 1. A method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography plate , the method comprising:forming a catalyst layer on a substrate;forming a layer of elongated nanostructures on the catalyst layer;priming the elongated nanostructures to form a layer of primed elongated nanostructures by at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with at least one adhesion priming layer for promoting subsequent deposition of a coating including at least one of a stationary phase or a precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography; andat least partially coating the primed elongated nanostructures with the coating.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after the act of at least partially coating the primed elongated nanostructures with the coating claim 1 , at least partially removing the elongated nanostructures.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising exposing the coating to at least one of an acid or base in order to bond hydroxyl groups to the stationary phase.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , further comprising exposing the stationary phase to a silane in order to bond silane groups to the stationary phase.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the silane comprises an amino ...

PERMANENT SOLID STATE MEMORY USING CARBON-BASED OR METALLIC FUSES

A permanent solid state memory device is disclosed. Recording data in the permanent solid state memory device forms voids in a data layer between a first wire array and a second wire array. Wires of the first wire array extend transversely to wires in the second wire array. The material is made of a carbon allotrope such that when current is passed through the carbon allotrope, the carbon is quickly oxidized (burned) leaving a complete gap (void) where the fuse once was. One of the advantages of this method is that the fuse material is fully oxidized in the particular “neck region of the bowtie”, such that there is no material left over from which dendrites can grow. In other embodiments, the data layer is a metal or metal oxide selected from the following metals: Tungsten (W), Rhenium (Rh), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Molybdenum (Mo), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Chromium (Cr), and Manganese (Mn). 1. A solid state memory device , comprising:at least one first array of wires in a first layer;at least one second array of wires extending transverse to the first array of wires in a second layer that is generally parallel to the first layer; andat least one data layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer such that a voltage applied to a first wire in the first array and to a second wire in the second array heats the data layer at a location between the first wire and the second wire and forms a data point comprising a void when data is written to the solid state memory device,wherein the data layer is an allotrope of carbon or a metal, a metal alloy, or a metallic oxide comprising one or more of the following metals: Tungsten (W), Rhenium (Rh), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Molybdenum (Mo), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Chromium (Cr), and Manganese (Mn).2. The solid state memory device of claim 1 , wherein the data layer is an allotrope of carbon selected from the group consisting of single-wall nanotubes claim 1 , multi-wall nanotubes claim 1 , graphene ...

POROUS COMPOSITE PARTICULATE MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME, AND RELATED APPARATUSES

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, zirconia, noble metals, combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials and the core particle may include at least one exterior layer of non-diamond carbon. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. 1. A method for manufacturing a porous composite particulate material , the method comprising:providing a plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles, wherein a number of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles includes at least one exterior layer of non-diamond carbon;providing a plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles;coating at least a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles, at least a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles, or combinations thereof with polymer material;adhering a portion of the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles to each of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles with the polymer material to form a plurality of composite particles; andcross-linking the polymeric material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the number of the plurality of acid-base-resistant core particles includes about 70 volume % to about 90 volume % of the non-diamond carbon.4. The ...

POROUS COMPOSITE PARTICULATE MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME, AND RELATED APPARATUSES

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, niobium carbide, zirconia, noble metals, acid-base stable highly cross-linked polymers, acid-base stable at least partially cross-linked polymers, titania, alumina, thoria combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. 1. A porous composite particulate material , comprising:a plurality of composite particles, at least some the plurality of composite particles including:an acid-base-resistant core particle;a plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles at least partially surrounding the acid-base-resistant core particle, wherein the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles include at least one of diamond or graphitic carbon; andat least one polymer that is acid-base-resistant and exhibits about 1% to about 99% cross-linking, the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles bonded together by the at least one polymer.2. The porous composite particulate material of claim 1 , wherein each of the acid-base-resistant core particles of the at least some of the plurality of composite particles includes diamond or graphic carbon.3. The porous composite particulate material of claim 1 , wherein each of the acid-base- ...

PROTECTION OF SURFACES BY EVAPORATED SALT COATINGS

A method for preventing contamination of a substrate surface includes obtaining a substrate having a surface to be protected from contamination and depositing a removable protective salt coating on the substrate surface. A disclosed method also includes storing the substrate surface having the removable protective salt coating for a time period and then removing the protective salt coating. A method for selectively preventing atomic layer deposition (ALD) on a substrate surface exposed to an ALD process includes depositing a removable protective salt coating on the substrate surface, exposing the surface to an ALD process, and removing the protective salt coating. Some disclosed substrate surfaces include a thiol-on-gold monolayer, a silicon wafer, glass, a silanized surface, and a dental implant. The protective salt coating may have a thickness in the range of 50 nm to 1 μm. The protective salt coating may be deposited by thermal evaporation or similar process. 1. A method for preventing contamination of a substrate surface comprising:obtaining a substrate having a surface to be protected from contamination; anddepositing a removable protective salt coating on the substrate surface.2. The method for preventing surface contamination of a substrate surface according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate surface comprises a thiol-on-gold monolayer.3. The method for preventing surface contamination of a substrate surface according to claim 2 , wherein the thiol-on-gold monolayer surface comprises an alkyl thiol.4. The method for preventing surface contamination of a substrate surface according to claim 2 , wherein the thiol-on-gold monolayer surface comprises a thiol connected to a biologically active molecule.5. The method for preventing surface contamination of a substrate surface according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate surface comprises a chemically derivatized surface comprising a coating of silane molecules derivatized with biologically active molecules.6. The ...

OPTICAL TAPE DATA STORAGE

An optical tape data storage is disclosed. An optical tape includes a substrate in a linear thin film shape and a recording layer deposited on the substrate. An irreversible optically detectable change is formed in the recording layer upon application of energy to the recording layer such that data is recorded on the recording layer by forming optically detectable changes. The recording layer may comprise a metal, a metal alloy, a metal oxide, a metalloid, or any combination thereof. The optical tape may further include an adhesion promotion layer for improving adhesion of the recording layer and the substrate, a reflective layer for providing optical contrast to an adjacent layer, and/or an absorptive layer positioned adjacent to the recording layer to absorb ablatable material not entirely ablated during ablation. 1. An optical tape comprising:a substrate in a linear thin film shape; anda recording layer deposited on the substrate, wherein an optically detectable change is formed in the recording layer upon application of energy to the recording layer such that data is recorded on the recording layer by forming irreversible optically detectable changes.2. The optical tape of claim 1 , wherein material of the recording layer is substantially inert to oxidation and has a melting point of about 200° C. to about 1 claim 1 ,000° C. when in the form of either (a) bulk form claim 1 , (b) a thin film claim 1 , and/or (c) a porous or a particulate film.3. The optical tape of claim 2 , wherein after exposure of bulk material of the recording layer to air at 220° C. for 48 hours claim 2 , either (a) an oxide layer does not form on the bulk material claim 2 , or (b) an oxide layer forms on the bulk material that is no more than a predetermined thickness.4. The optical tape of claim 1 , wherein the recording layer comprises a metal claim 1 , a metal alloy claim 1 , a metal oxide claim 1 , a metalloid claim 1 , or any combination thereof.5. The optical tape of claim 1 , wherein ...

POROUS COMPOSITE PARTICULATE MATERIALS, METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME, AND RELATED APPARATUSES

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography, and solid phase extraction. 1. A porous composite particulate material , comprising: an acid-base-resistant core particle;', 'a plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles forming a plurality of porous shell particle layers at least partially surrounding the acid-base-resistant core particle, wherein the plurality of acid-base-resistant shell particles include at least one of diamond or graphitic carbon; and', 'at least one polymer that is acid-base-resistant, each of the plurality of porous shell particle layers bonded to an adjacent one of the plurality of porous shell particle layers by a respective layer of the at least one polymer., 'a plurality of composite particles, at least some the plurality of composite particles including,'}2. The porous composite particulate material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one polymer is stable under the same mobile phase conditions as diamond.3. The porous composite particulate material of claim 1 , wherein the acid-base-resistant core particle includes a diamond particle.4. The porous composite particulate material of claim 1 , wherein the at least one polymer ...

Chemical Vapor Deposition of Thick Inorganic Coating on a Polarizer

Thick, inorganic coatings can be deposited on a polarizer by chemical vapor deposition. In one embodiment, the method can comprise activating a surface of the polarizer with an oxygen plasma in an oven; injecting a solution including tetrakis(dimethylamino)silane dissolved in cyclohexane and water into the oven; and vapor depositing silicon dioxide onto the polarizer. These three steps can be repeated multiple times until desired thickness is attained.

Solid Phase Coatings for Microextraction

An extractive system, such as SPME, has an adsorptive phase in the form of a porous coating that has essentially vertical, mutually supporting, columnar structures with nanospaces at the boundaries of the grains. 114-. (canceled)15. A method for manufacturing an extractive apparatus in which analytes are adsorbed onto an extractive phase and subsequently desorbed , the method for manufacturing comprising:providing a substrate with a surface;producing vapor of a coating precursor material by sputtering a target with plasma, a distance between the target and the substrate being greater than a mean free path of atoms in the vapor; andcoating the surface with an adsorptive porous phase to create the extractive phase on the surface, performed under conditions sufficient to form:a porous coating of mutually supporting columnar nanostructures which are close to perpendicular to a surface plane of the substrate; andnanospaces at boundaries between adjacent columnar nanostructures.16. A method for manufacturing an extractive apparatus in which analytes are adsorbed onto an extractive phase and subsequently desorbed , the method for manufacturing comprising: producing vapor of a coating precursor material by sputtering a target with plasma; and', 'coating the surface with an adsorptive porous phase to create the extractive phase on the surface, wherein atoms in the vapor impinge upon the surface at an oblique angle and coating is performed under conditions sufficient to form:', 'a porous coating of mutually supporting columnar nanostructures; and', 'nanospaces at boundaries between adjacent columnar nanostructures., 'providing a substrate with a surface;'}17. A method for manufacturing an extractive apparatus in which analytes are adsorbed onto an extractive phase and subsequently desorbed , the method for manufacturing comprising:providing a substrate with a surface;producing vapor of a coating precursor material by sputtering a target with plasma; andcoating the substrate ...

Permanent solid state memory using carbon-based or metallic fuses

Recording data in a permanent solid state memory device forms voids in a patterned data layer between a first wire array and a second wire array. Wires of the first wire array extend transversely to wires in the second wire array thus creating a crossbar array. The conductive material in the data layer is made of a carbon allotrope such that when current is passed through the carbon allotrope, the carbon is quickly oxidized (burned) leaving a complete gap (void) where the conductive material (i.e., fuse) once was. One of the advantages of this method is that the fuse material is fully oxidized, such that there is no material left over from which dendrites can grow. A horizontal configuration in which the data layer is a bowtie structure is also disclosed. The conductive material in the data layer of the present systems and methods may be a metal or metal oxide selected from the following metals: Tungsten (W), Rhenium (Rh), Osmium (Os), Iridium (Ir), Molybdenum (Mo), Ruthenium (Ru), Rhodium (Rh), Chromium (Cr), and Manganese (Mn).

Wire Grid Polarizer with Protected Wires

A wire grid polarizer and method of making a wire grid polarizer can protect delicate wires of the wire grid polarizer from damage. The wire grid polarizer can include a protective-layer located on an array of wires. The array of wires can further be protected by a chemical coating on an inside surface of the air-filled channels, closed ends of the air-filled channels, damaged wires of the array of wires in a line parallel to an edge of the wire grid polarizer, or combinations thereof. The method can include (i) providing the wire grid polarizer, (ii) applying the protective-layer, by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition but excluding atomic layer deposition, onto the array of wires, (iii) cutting the wire grid polarizer wafer into multiple wire grid polarizer parts, then (iv) protecting the array of wires. 1. A method of protecting wires of a wire grid polarizer , the method comprising the following steps in the following order:a) providing an array of wires located on a surface of a substrate, the array of wires being substantially-parallel and elongated, each wire of the array of wires having a length parallel to the surface of the substrate and a height that is perpendicular to the length and less than 10% of the length, the array of wires including a proximal end of the height closer to the substrate and a distal end of the height farther from the substrate, the array of wires forming a plurality of air-filled channels, including an air-filled channel between adjacent wires of the array of wires, defining a wire grid polarizer wafer;b) applying a protective-layer, by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, or both, but excluding atomic layer deposition, onto the distal end of the array of wires and spanning the air-filled channels to provide structural-support for the array of wires and to cap the air-filled channels;c) cutting the wire grid polarizer wafer into multiple wire grid polarizer parts and protecting the array of wires ...

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), priming the elongated nanostructures with one or more adhesion priming layers, and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. The stationary phase may be functionalized with hydroxyl groups by exposure to a base or acid. The stationary phase may further be treated with a silane (e.g., an amino silane) to improve the performance of the TLC plate. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed. 1. A thin layer chromatography plate , comprising:a substrate;one or more residual priming adhesion layers disposed over the substrate;a plurality of stationary phase structures extending longitudinally away from the substrate, at least a portion of the plurality of stationary phase structures exhibiting an elongated geometry and being substantially free of carbon nanotubes; anda plurality of silanol groups bonded to the plurality of stationary phase structures.2. The thin layer chromatography plate of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of hydroxyl groups bonded to the plurality of stationary phase structures.3. The thin layer chromatography plate of wherein each of the plurality of stationary phase structures includes at least one of a stationary phase or a precursor of the stationary phase.4. The thin layer chromatography plate of wherein the stationary phase or the precursor of the stationary phase includes at least one of elemental silicon claim 3 , silicon dioxide claim 3 , silicon nitride claim 3 , elemental aluminum claim 3 , aluminum oxide claim 3 , elemental zirconium claim 3 , zirconium oxide claim 3 , elemental titanium claim 3 , titanium oxide claim 3 , amorphous carbon claim 3 , graphitic carbon claim 3 , or combinations ...

Photoluminescent thin-layer chromatography plate and methods for making same

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a chromatography apparatus such as a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the oxidized elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase and at least one photoluminescent material for use in chromatography. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Solid Phase Coatings for Microextraction

An extractive system, such as SPME, has an adsorptive phase in the form of a porous coating that has essentially vertical, mutually supporting, columnar structures with nanospaces at the boundaries of the grains.

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY PLATES AND RELATED METHODS

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography (“TLC”) plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. At least a portion of the elongated nanostructures may be removed after being coated. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed. 1. A thin layer chromatography plate , comprising:a substrate; anda plurality of stationary phase structures extending generally away from the substrate, wherein at least some of the plurality of stationary phase structures exhibit an elongated geometry which is substantially free of carbon nanotubes, and wherein the plurality of stationary phase structures exhibit a non-linear configuration.2. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the plurality of stationary phase structures exhibit an average aspect ratio between about 10 claim 1 ,000 and about 2 claim 1 ,000 claim 1 ,000.3. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of stationary phase structures exhibit an average spacing of about 4 μm and about 8 μm.4. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of stationary phase structures are functionalized.5. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , wherein the plurality of stationary phase structures are attached over the substrate without a binder.6. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , wherein the wherein at least some of the plurality of stationary phase structures are at least partially intertwined with each other.7. The thin layer chromatography plate as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a catalyst layer including a first portion on which a first portion of the plurality of ...

Methods for direct attachment of polymers to diamond surfaces and diamond articles

A method for forming a polymer on a substrate is disclosed. The method may include providing a substrate having a substrate surface, the substrate surface being at least partially hydrogen-terminated and reacting the substrate surface in a solution comprising at least one radical initiator and at least one monomer to form a polymer on the substrate surface. The monomer may comprise at least one of a monofunctional monomer and a polyfunctional monomer. A stationary phase for use in separation applications such as chromatography and solid-phase extraction is also disclosed. The stationary phase may include a plurality of diamond bodies and a polymeric compound covalently bonded to at least a surface portion of the plurality of diamond particles.

Functionalized diamond particles and methods for preparing the same

A functionalized particle is disclosed. The functionalized particle may include a diamond-particle substrate and a coating comprising at least one polymeric compound on at least a surface portion of the diamond-particle substrate, the at least one polymeric compound having at least one amine group. Additionally, the at least one polymeric compound may be at least partially reacted. The at least one polymeric compound may also be at least partially cured. The diamond substrate may be porous. In addition, a second coating coupled to at least a surface portion of the first coating. A separation apparatus may have a stationary phase including a plurality of diamond particles and a coating comprising at least one polymeric compound on at least a surface portion of the plurality of diamond particles is also disclosed. A method for forming a functionalized particle is also disclosed.

Porous composite particulate materials, methods of making and using same, and related apparatuses

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography, and solid phase extraction.

Porous composite particulate materials, methods of making and using same, and related apparatuses

In an embodiment, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles. Each composite particle includes an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric layer. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. For example, the shell particles and/or core particles may be made from diamond, graphitic carbon, silicon carbide, boron nitride, tungsten carbide, combinations of the foregoing, or other acid-base-resistant materials. The porous composite particulate materials disclosed herein and related methods and devices may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography, and solid phase extraction.

Modified diamond particles

Modified diamond particles for use in chromatography with a desired functional group at the diamond surface, formed from reaction of hydroxyl groups at diamond surfaces with a reactive molecule.

Sonication for improved particle size distribution of core-shell particles

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Porous composite particulate materials, methods of making and using same, and related apparatuses

Gas phase approach to in-situ/ex-situ functionalization of porous graphitic carbon via radical-generated molecules

Embodiments disclosed herein include graphitic stationary phase materials functionalized through a gas-phase functionalization reaction, as well as and methods for making and using these materials, including the use of these materials in separation technologies such as, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction. In an embodiment, a functionalized graphitic stationary phase material may be prepared from high surface area porous graphitic carbon and a radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent. The radical forming volatilized functionalizing agent produces an intermediate that forms a covalent bond with the surface of the porous graphitic material and imparts desired properties to the surface of the graphitic carbon.

Sonication for improved particle size distribution of core-shell particles

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Nanoparticle-based permanent treatments for textiles

This invention is directed to preparations useful for the permanent or substantially permanent treatment of textiles and other webs. More particularly, the preparations of the invention comprise an agent or other payload surrounded by or contained within a polymeric encapsulator that is reactive to webs, to give textile-reactive nanoparticles. By “textile-reactive” is meant that the payload nanoparticle will form a chemical covalent bond with the fiber, yarn, fabric, textile, finished goods (including apparel), or other web or substrate to be treated. The polymeric encapsulator of the payload nanoparticle has a surface that includes functional groups for binding or attachment to the fibers of the textiles or other webs to be treated, to provide permanent attachment of the payload to the textiles. Alternatively, the surface of the nanoparticle includes functional groups that can bind to a linker molecule that will in turn bind or attach the nanoparticle to the fiber. This invention is further directed to the fibers, yarns, fabrics, other textiles, or finished goods treated with the textile-reactive nanoparticles. Such textiles and webs exhibit a greatly improved retention or durability of the payload agent and its activity, even after multiple washings.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin lay-er chromatography ("TLC") plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanos-tructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coat-ing. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a station-ary phase for use in chromatography. Embodiments for TLC plates and re-lated methods are also disclosed.

Hydrophilic finish for fibrous substrates

This invention is directed to fabric finishes or treatment preparations for nylon, polyester, and other textile and fibrous substrate materials that will render them hydrophilic. The finishes of the invention are comprised primarily of polymers that contain carboxyl groups, salts of carboxyl groups, or moieties that can be converted to carboxyl groups by some chemical reaction as well as a cross-linking agent.

Thin layer chromatography plates and related methods

In an embodiment, a method for manufacturing a thin layer chromatography ("TLC") plate is disclosed. The method includes forming a layer of elongated nanostructures (e.g., carbon nanotubes), and at least partially coating the elongated nanostructures with a coating. The coating includes a stationary phase and/or precursor of a stationary phase for use in chromatography. Embodiments for TLC plates and related methods are also disclosed.

Wire grid polarizer with protected wires

A wire grid polarizer and method of making a wire grid polarizer can protect delicate wires of the wire grid polarizer from damage. The wire grid polarizer can include a protective-layer located on an array of wires. The array of wires can further be protected by a chemical coating on an inside surface of the air-filled channels, closed ends of the air-filled channels, damaged wires of the array of wires in a line parallel to an edge of the wire grid polarizer, or combinations thereof. The method can include (i) providing the wire grid polarizer, (ii) applying the protective-layer, by physical vapor deposition or chemical vapor deposition but excluding atomic layer deposition, onto the array of wires, (iii) cutting the wire grid polarizer wafer into multiple wire grid polarizer parts, then (iv) protecting the array of wires.

Optical data storage media containing an encapsulated data layer

Optical information media containing encapsulated data layers are disclosed. Selective layering of materials in inner radial, middle radial, and outer radial zones allows for the faces and edges of at least the data layers to be encapsulated by other materials, resulting in increased resistance to harmful environmental agents such as oxygen and moisture.

Producing coated particles by grinding in the presence of reactive species

Microparticles including an organic coating covalently bound to an inorganic substrate are produced in one step by grinding the substrate while immersed in a reactive coating agent. Preferably, a silicon substrate is ground in the presence of an alkene to generate alkyl-coated silicon particles. The particle coatings are robustly attached to the particle cores through Si--C bonds. Various solids such as semiconductors can be used as substrates. The coatings can include various organic radicals, halogen atoms, or hydrogen. The particles can be used as stationary phases for chromatography, as substrates for biological assays, as polymer additives, or as catalyst supports.

Sonication for improved particle size distribution of core-shell particles

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Films containing an infused oxygenated gas and methods for their preparation

Objects having a substrate and an oxygenated gas infused coating layer are disclosed. The coating layer provides enhanced physical durability, chemical resistance, optical transparency, and ablatability as compared to conventional coatings.

Optical data storage media containing an encapsulated data layer

Optical information media containing encapsulated data layers are disclosed. Selective layering of materials in inner radial, middle radial, and outer radial zones allows for the faces and edges of at least the data layers to be encapsulated by other materials, resulting in increased resistance to harmful environmental agents such as oxygen and moisture.

In situ polymerization for hydrophobic textiles

A process is disclosed for treating a textile comprising: producing an emulsion including one or more hydrophobic monomers, one or more initiators, and one or more surfactants, the hydrophobic monomer having a polymerizable group and a hydrophobic group; contacting the textile with the emulsion and heating the emulsion and textile sufficient to activate the initiator to initiate a polymerization reaction to form a reaction product of the hydrophobic monomers and the textile, the reaction product having hydrophobic properties imparted by the hydrophobic group.

Sonication for improved particle size distribution of core-shell particles

In one or more embodiments, a porous composite particulate material includes a plurality of composite particles including an acid-base-resistant core particle at least partially surrounded by one or more layers of acid-base-resistant shell particles. The shell particles are adhered to the core particle by a polymeric material. The shell particles and/or core particles may be made from an acid-base-resistant material that is stable in harsh chemical conditions. During application of the polymeric material/shell particle bilayer, the core particles are sonicated to homogenize the particle size distribution and minimize agglomeration of particles. Multiple bilayers of polymer/shell particles may be applied. In one embodiment, the core particle comprises generally spherical glassy carbon, while the shell particles may comprise nano-sized diamond particles. Other acid-base-resistant materials may be employed. The porous composite particulate materials may be used in separation technologies, including, but not limited to, chromatography and solid phase extraction.

Digital information media having adhesion promotion layer on a substrate

Disclosed is a digital information media having an adhesion promotion layer supported on a dummy (L1) substrate that enables secure bonding of the L1 layer, directly or indirectly, to the rest of the stack of layers in the digital information media. Certain materials including metals, metal alloys, or metalloids enhance adhesion between the adhesive layer and the L1. By applying an adhesion promotion layer of such materials on an inner surface of the L1, the bond between the adhesive and the adhesion promotion layer improves bonding and reduces a tendency for the L1 to delaminate from the rest of the stack. The tendency for breakage of the media at the juncture between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is reduced, and incursion of moisture or oxygen through the interface between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is inhibited.

Solid phase coatings for microextraction

An extractive system, such as SPME, has an adsorptive phase in the form of a porous coating that has essentially vertical, mutually supporting, columnar structures with nanospaces at the boundaries of the grains.

Digital information media having adhesion promotion layer on a substrate

Disclosed is a digital information media having an adhesion promotion layer supported on a dummy (L1) substrate that enables secure bonding of the L1 layer, directly or indirectly, to the rest of the stack of layers in the digital information media. Certain materials including metals, metal alloys, or metalloids enhance adhesion between the adhesive layer and the L1. By applying an adhesion promotion layer of such materials on an inner surface of the L1, the bond between the adhesive and the adhesion promotion layer improves bonding and reduces a tendency for the L1 to delaminate from the rest of the stack. The tendency for breakage of the media at the juncture between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is reduced, and incursion of moisture or oxygen through the interface between the adhesion promotion layer and the adhesive is inhibited.

Solid phase coatings for microextraction

An extractive system, such as SPME, has an adsorptive phase in the form of a porous coating that has essentially vertical, mutually supporting, columnar structures with nanospaces at the boundaries of the grains.

Long-term digital data storage

Embodiments are directed to recording digital data on an optically ablatable digital storage media. In one embodiment, a device configured to ablate portions of ablatable material on an optically ablatable digital storage media receives digital data that is to be recorded on a recording layer of an optically ablatable digital storage media. The recording layer is formed on a substrate with zero or more intervening layers between the recording layer and the substrate. The recording layer includes ablatable material capable of storing digital data. The device ablates the ablatable material in the recording layer according to a sequence defined by the received digital data such that the ablated portions correspond to data points of the received digital data.

Chemical vapor deposition of thick inorganic coating on a polarizer

Thick, inorganic coatings can be deposited on a polarizer by chemical vapor deposition. In one embodiment, the method can comprise activating a surface of the polarizer with an oxygen plasma in an oven; injecting a solution including tetrakis(dimethylamino)silane dissolved in cyclohexane and water into the oven; and vapor depositing silicon dioxide onto the polarizer. These three steps can be repeated multiple times until desired thickness is attained.

Data storage media containing carbon and metal layers

Data storage media containing magnesium metal layer

Optical information media containing a magnesium metal layer and a reactive material layer are disclosed. The magnesium metal can react directly with the reactive material layer, or with a chemical evolved from the reactive material layer after application of energy from a source such as a laser.