SWITCHING DEVICE FOR MONITORING A STATIC ELECTRICITY METER

LE COMPTEUR D'ELECTRICITE A SURVEILLER EST CONSTITUE PAR UN CIRCUIT DE MESURE DE TENSION 1, PAR UN CIRCUIT DE MESURE DE COURANT 5, PAR UN MODULATEUR TOUT OU RIEN 4, PAR UN MODULATEUR D'AMPLITUDE 6, PAR UN CONVERTISSEUR COURANT-FREQUENCE 7 ET PAR UN COMPTEUR D'IMPULSIONS 10. UN PREMIER CIRCUIT DE COMMUTATION DE SURVEILLANCE 11, SURVEILLANT LE MODULATEUR TOUT OU RIEN 4, ET UN SECOND CIRCUIT DE COMMUTATION DE SURVEILLANCE 12, SURVEILLANT LE CONVERTISSEUR COURANT-FREQUENCE 7 ET UN INVERSEUR DE POLARITE DU MODULATEUR D'AMPLITUDE 6 SONT CONNECTES A UN ELEMENT INDICATEUR DE DEFAILLANCE 13. EN CAS D'ARRET DES OSCILLATIONS DU MODULATEUR TOUT OU RIEN 4, D'ERREUR DE LINEARITE DE CELUI-CI, OU D'ERREUR DE LINEARITE DU CONVERTISSEUR COURANT-FREQUENCE 7, UNE ALARME EST DECLENCHEE. THE ELECTRICITY METER TO BE MONITORED IS CONSTITUTED BY A VOLTAGE MEASURING CIRCUIT 1, BY A CURRENT MEASURING CIRCUIT 5, BY AN ALL OR NOTHING MODULATOR 4, BY AN AMPLITUDE MODULATOR 6, BY A CURRENT-FREQUENCY CONVERTER 7 AND BY A PULSE COUNTER 10. A FIRST SURVEILLANCE SWITCHING CIRCUIT 11, MONITORING THE ALL OR NOTHING MODULATOR 4, AND A SECOND MONITORING SWITCHING CIRCUIT 12, MONITORING CURRENT-FREQUENCY CONVERTER 7 AND A MODULATOR POLARITY INVERTER OF AMPLITUDE 6 ARE CONNECTED TO A FAILURE INDICATOR ELEMENT 13. IN THE EVENT OF THE OSCILLATIONS OF THE ALL OR NOTHING MODULATOR 4 STOPPING, OF A LINEARITY ERROR OF THIS ONE, OR OF A CURRENT-FREQUENCY CONVERTER LINEARITY ERROR 7 , AN ALARM IS TRIGGERED.

HIGH PRECISION VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

MARK-SPACE AMPLITUDE MODULATOR FOR DETERMINING REACTIVE POWER CONSUMPTION OR REACTIVE ENERGY

LE MODULATEUR D'AMPLITUDE MARK-SPACE CONTIENT UN MODULATEUR MARK-SPACE 1, QUI EST CONNECTE PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE D'UN TEMPORISATEUR 2, A UNE ENTREE D'IMPULSION 10 D'UN PREMIER MODULATEUR D'IMPULSIONS EN AMPLITUDE 3 ET UN REGULATEUR 4, DONT LA PREMIERE ENTREE DE SIGNAL 11 EST CONNECTEE A LA SORTIE DU TEMPORISATEUR 2, TANDIS QUE SA DEUXIEME ENTREE DE SIGNAL 17 EST RACCORDEE A UNE DES DEUX BORNES DU MODULATEUR MARK-SPACE 1 ET QUE SA SORTIE 12 EST RACCORDEE A L'ENTREE D'HORLOGE 13 DU TEMPORISATEUR 2. CE DERNIER ET LE REGULATEUR 4 FORMENT ENSEMBLE UNE BOUCLE DE REGULATION PRODUISANT UN DEPHASAGE DE 90. THE MARK-SPACE AMPLITUDE MODULATOR CONTAINS A MARK-SPACE 1 MODULATOR, WHICH IS CONNECTED THROUGH TIMER 2, TO A 10 PULSE INPUT OF A FIRST AMPLITUDE 3 PULSE MODULATOR AND A REGULATOR 4, WHOSE FIRST SIGNAL INPUT 11 IS CONNECTED TO THE OUTPUT OF TIMER 2, WHILE ITS SECOND SIGNAL INPUT 17 IS CONNECTED TO ONE OF THE TWO TERMINALS OF THE MARK-SPACE 1 MODULATOR AND THAT ITS OUTPUT 12 IS CONNECTED TO THE INPUT CLOCK 13 OF THE TIMER 2. THE TIMER AND THE REGULATOR 4 TOGETHER FORM A REGULATION LOOP PRODUCING A PHASE OF 90.

HIGH PRECISION VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER

TRANSFORMATEUR DE TENSION 1 CONSTITUE PAR UN TRANSFORMATEUR 4 ET UN AMPLIFICATEUR REGULATEUR 7, ET ALIMENTE PAR UNE TENSION ALTERNATIVE DE REFERENCE U1. LE TRANSFORMATEUR 4 COMPORTE UN ENROULEMENT DE REACTION 4A, UN ENROULEMENT D'AIMANTATION 4B ET UN ENROULEMENT DE SORTIE 4C. LES DEUX PREMIERS ENROULEMENTS 4A, 4B FORMENT AVEC L'AMPLIFICATEUR REGULATEUR 7 UNE BOUCLE DE REGULATION, QUI REGLE LA TENSION D'ENTREE U5 DE CE DERNIER A ZERO. L'AMPLIFICATEUR REGULATEUR 7 EST CONSTITUE PAR DEUX AMPLIFICATEURS QUI, DANS UNE PREMIERE VARIANTE, SONT BRANCHES EN CASCADE ET, DANS UNE SECONDE VARIANTE, ALIMENTENT LES DEUX BORNES DU PRIMAIRE D'UN SECOND TRANSFORMATEUR DONT LE SECONDAIRE CONSTITUE LA SORTIE DUDIT AMPLIFICATEUR 7. DANS LA PREMIERE VARIANTE, LE SECOND AMPLIFICATEUR COMPORTE UNE REACTION POSITIVE ET UNE REACTION NEGATIVE EGALE, ET DANS LA SECONDE VARIANTE, LE RAPPORT DU SECOND TRANSFORMATEUR EST EGAL AU GAIN DU SECOND AMPLIFICATEUR. VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER 1 CONSTITUTES A TRANSFORMER 4 AND A REGULATOR AMPLIFIER 7, AND SUPPLIED BY AN ALTERNATIVE VOLTAGE OF REFERENCE U1. THE TRANSFORMER 4 INCLUDES A REACTION WINDING 4A, A MAGNETING WINDING 4B AND AN OUTPUT WINDING 4C. THE FIRST TWO WINDINGS 4A, 4B FORM WITH THE REGULATOR AMPLIFIER 7 A REGULATION LOOP, WHICH ADJUSTS THE INPUT VOLTAGE U5 OF THE LATEST TO ZERO. THE REGULATORY AMPLIFIER 7 IS CONSTITUTED BY TWO AMPLIFIERS WHICH, IN A FIRST VARIANT, ARE CONNECTED IN A CASCADE AND, IN A SECOND VARIANT, SUPPLY THE TWO PRIMARY TERMINALS OF A SECOND TRANSFORMER OF WHICH THE SECONDARY IS IN AMPLIFIER 7. THE FIRST VARIANT, THE SECOND AMPLIFIER CONTAINS A POSITIVE AND AN EQUAL NEGATIVE REACTION, AND IN THE SECOND VARIANT, THE RATIO OF THE SECOND TRANSFORMER IS EQUAL TO THE GAIN OF THE SECOND AMPLIFIER.

Patent CH678231A5

Current divider for a measuring transformer for the measurement of a current

A current divider for use in connection with a measurement transducer. The measurement transducer includes a magnetic core, is formed as a substantially flat and longitudinal conductor with two longitudinal slits so as to partition the flat conductor into at least a measurement conductor, and at least two shunts are connected in parallel with the measurement conductor. The shunts define a plane, and the measurement conductor is disposed in the plane between the shunts. The flat conductor has two openings along the longitudinal direction, to receive the magnetic core. One slit communicates with one opening, and the other slit communicates with the other opening.

TRANSFORMERLESS POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT.

SIGNAL GENERATOR FOR GENERATING SINUSOIDAL OUTPUT SIGNALS AT PREDETERMINED PHASE POSITION

The signal generator generates sinusoidal output signals (UR, US, UT, IR, IS, IT) and is advantageously used as three-phase generator for calibrating electricity meters. A number generator (10 to 16) controlled by a clock generator (37) cyclically generates for each output signal (UR, US, UT, IR, IS, IT) binary coded phase step signals (Ph) which are transformed into binary coded instantaneous-value signals by a function generator (17) and into an analog signal by one or more digital/analog converters (18). Each output signal (UR, US, UT, IR, IS, IT) is associated with a sample/hold circuit (19 to 24) which are cyclically clocked by a clock distributor (38). The number generator is formed by angle input elements (10, 11), a switch (12), an adding element (14) and an accumulator (16). A reference voltage input (39) of the digital/analog converter (18) can be connected to at least two adjustable reference voltage sources via a controlled multiple changeover switch. An rms-value measuring instrument connected to amplifiers (31 to 36) controls the reference voltage sources and a phase angle measuring instrument controls the angle input element (10).

MEASURING VOLTAGE CONVERTER HIGH ACCURACY

Appliance for measuring electrical power or energy

The arrangement contains in each case one current-fed transformer (10) and one voltage input (18) per phase, both of which are connected to an associated subsequent mark/space pulse amplitude modulator (13;14) existing for each phase, which in each case consists of a mark/space modulator (13) and a pulse amplitude modulator (14). Each transformer (10) is connected via an integrator (11) exhibiting a high-impedance input to the mark/space pulse amplitude modulator (13;14). The pulse amplitude modulator (14) exhibits two push-pull operated outputs which are each connected to an input of an arrangement for integrating the areas of pulses and spaces which exist in operation at the output of the pulse amplitude modulator (14). Furthermore, there is also a phase shifter (12), a resistor (15a), a VDR resistor (15b) and a capacitor (15c). A processing and display device (4;5;6;7;8) consists of a current/frequency converter (4), a frequency divider (5), a matching circuit (6), a display (7) and a light-emitting diode (8). Of the two phase shifters (12) drawn, there is in each case only one in existence. The current/frequency converter (4) contains the arrangement for integrating the areas, constructed by means of an operational amplifier (25), four switches (21, 21a, 22, 22a), two current sources (23, 23a) and a logic circuit (24). The arrangement is efficient and can be built up by using commercially available components and a customised integrated circuit which contains all semiconductor components. …<IMAGE>…

Circuit arrangement for the potential-free measurement of currents or voltages

A magnetic-field comparator (5) is exposed to the magnetic field generated by a premagnetisation current (iv) and to the magnetic field generated by a measurement current (Im) and is alternately driven in both directions of saturation by the latter. A differentiator (10) connected to a premagnetisation winding (2) or to an induction winding and a threshold switch (18) generate an output pulse voltage (us), the pulse duration of which represents a measure of the magnitude of the measurement current. To mask out noise pulses, the threshold switch (18) is inhibited by at least one switch (14; 16) in each case at the time when the premagnetisation current (iv) reverses direction. The differentiator can consist of two differentiating elements having different differentiation ranges. A circuit system for measuring a number of currents or voltages contains a multiplexing switch. <IMAGE>

Patent DE3329090C2

Pulse duration modulation signalverstaerker.

Patent CH625072A5

MEASURING TRANSFORMER USEFUL FOR MEASURING, WITHOUT POTENTIAL RESTRICTION, CURRENTS OR ELECTRIC VOLTAGES

Precision measurement voltage transducer

A precision measurement voltage transducer is fed from a reference alternating current source and comprises a transformer and a servo amplifier. The transformer comprises a feedback winding, a magnetizing winding and an output winding. The feedback winding and the magnetizing winding together with the servo amplifier form a feedback control regulating system, which adjusts the input voltage of the servo amplifier to zero. The latter comprises two amplifiers, which according to a first embodiment are connected in series and which according to a second embodiment feed the two poles of the primary winding of a second transformer, the secondary winding of which forms the output of the servo amplifier. According to the first embodiment the second amplifier is provided with a positive and an equally strong negative feedback and according to the second embodiment the transfer ratio of the second transformer equals the amplification factor of the second amplifier.

METHOD FOR THE QUICK DETERMINATION OF THE VALUE OF AN ALTERNATIVE POWER OR AN ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Messwandler fuer messgeraete.

Trasformatore di misura utile per misurare, senza vincolo di potenziale, correnti o tensioni elettriche.

Method and circuit arrangement for rapidly determining the value of ac power or ac consumption energy

Messwandler fuer messgeraete

Maaleomformer til maaling av den i en elektrisk leder gaaende stroem.

Measuring transformers for measuring currents flowing in electrical conductors

Maaleomformer til maaling av den i en elektrisk leder gaaende stroem.

Anordnung zur darstellung und abtastung des inhalts von zahlenrollen-zaehlwerken.

Anordning paa stroemindgangen paa et maaleapparat, som tjener til samtidig maaling af to maalestoerrelser

Meßwert/Frequenz-Wandler zur schnellen, unverzögerten Meßwertverarbeitung

Digitaler spannungs/frequenz-wandler zur schnellen unverzoegerten messwertverarbeitung

Digital voltage-frequency converter for the fast, undelayed processing of measurement values