Phosphated carbohydrates

Powdered carbohydrates are treated with P cpds. and opt. N cpds., dehydrated continuously by heating in vacuo, then heated in absence of O2 and cooled. Products are lighter in colour than usual. It is possible to regulate degree of substitution and properties, e.g. to give white powder which swells in cold H2O without forming lumps, to give colourless, transparent gel. In paper, textile, pharmaceutical and foodstuff industries; as core binder, adhesive, printing thickener etc. Natural or pretreated carbohydrates, which may be partially degreaded, are suitable, esp. starches of all kinds. P cpd. can be phosphoric acid or various phosphates, esp. of Na and K. N cpds., e.g. (thio)urea (derivatives), amines, HCONH2 and quat. ammonium cpds., and opt. aldehyde (sources), acids and catalysts, e.g. HCl, NH4Cl, AlCl3, Al2(SO4)3 may be added.