Method for preparing carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass and carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass prepared by the same

A method for preparing a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass, and a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass that is prepared by the method. The method utilizes alkali metal or alkaline earth metal components, such as Ca, Ma and K, inherent to a natural plant biomass material. The method can provide a carbon dioxide absorbent with improved performance in an environmentally friendly manner at greatly reduced cost.

Method for preparing carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass and carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass prepared by the same

A method for preparing a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass, and a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass that is prepared by the method. The method utilizes alkali metal or alkaline earth metal components, such as Ca, Ma and K, inherent to a natural plant biomass material. The method can provide a carbon dioxide absorbent with improved performance in an environmentally friendly manner at greatly reduced cost.

INTEGRATED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING/DECODING DEVICE AND METHOD WHEREBY THE OVERLAP REGION OF A WINDOW IS ADJUSTED BASED ON THE TRANSITION INTERVAL

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) for adjusting an overlap area of a window based on a transition is provided. To increase an encoding efficiency, encoding may be performed by overlapping relatively long windows. Additionally, when a transition is generated between frames, an overlap area of a window may be reduced based on the transition, thereby preventing a noise from occurring due to the transition. 1. A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) , comprising:a transition detector to detect a first transition from an input signal;a first encoder to encode the input signal and to detect a second transition from a result of the encoding;a transition determination unit to compare the first transition and the second transition and to determine a final transition;a second encoder to core-encode the input signal by adjusting a length of an overlap area of a window based on the determined transition; anda bitstream formatter to generate a bitstream comprising the core-encoded input signal and the final transition.2. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the first encoder performs either a Spectral Bandwidth Extension (SBE) encoding scheme or a Parametric Stereo (PS) encoding scheme.3. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the transition detector detects a transition in a location adjacent to a boundary of a super frame comprising at least one sub-frame among a plurality of sub-frames in the input signal.4. The USAC of claim 1 , wherein the second encoder core-encodes the input signal by applying a window having an overlap area of which a length is reduced by a transition based on a folding point.5. The USAC of claim 4 , wherein the second encoder core-encodes the input signal by applying claim 4 , to a current sub-frame to be encoded claim 4 , a window that is transformed based on a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode of a previous sub-frame and an LPD mode of a next sub-frame.6. A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) claim 4 , comprising:a first encoder to encode an input signal ...

Exhaust Gas Treating Apparatus and Treating Method for Carbon Dioxide Capture Process

Disclosed are an exhaust gas treating apparatus and a treating method for a carbon dioxide capture process, in which harmful substances remaining in the exhaust gas discharged from the conventional flue-gas desulfurization process are additionally removed for efficient performance of the carbon dioxide capture process. According to the exhaust gas treating apparatus for a carbon dioxide capture process, it has the effects of minimizing the installation space of desulfurization equipment and reducing the process cost. In addition, by keeping the contaminants contained in the gas introduced in the carbon dioxide capture equipment below a proper level, absorption performance can be improved as degradation of the absorbent used in the carbon dioxide capture process is prevented. After all, it has an advantage of preventing the pollution by the exhaust gas discharged into the atmosphere. 1. An exhaust gas treating apparatus , in which an exhaust gas is fed to a carbon dioxide capture equipment after removing contaminants included in the exhaust gas by successively passing the exhaust gas discharged from combustion equipment for burning petroleum or fuel through flue-gas denitrification equipment , dust collection equipment and flue-gas desulfurization equipment , the apparatus comprising:secondary flue-gas desulfurization equipment installed at a rear end of the flue-gas desulfurization equipment; anda reactor provided in the secondary flue-gas desulfurization equipment, wherein the reactor performs, in one reacting container, a process of removing contaminants containing nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and mercury remaining in the gas discharged from the flue-gas desulfurization equipment.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reactor carries out claim 1 , in one reacting container claim 1 , a desulfurization reaction in which sulfur oxides are removed by spraying an alkali absorbent on the gas discharged and introduced from the flue-gas desulfurization equipment; an ...

DRY CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURING DEVICE WITH IMPROVED ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Disclosed is a dry COcapturing device with improved energy efficiency, which utilizes a difference in temperature between a regeneration operation of isolating COfrom an sorbent containing COabsorbed therein and a pre-treatment operation of allowing HO to be adsorbed to CO. The dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device, includes a recovery reactor for recovering CO, a recovery cyclone for discharging a gas while separating the CO-captured solid sorbent only, a regenerator for receiving the CO-captured solid sorbent and separating COcaptured in the solid sorbent, and a pre-treatment reactor for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO, wherein a first heat exchanger is provided between the recovery cyclone and the regenerator to pass the CO-captured solid sorbent therethrough, and a second heat exchanger is provided between the pre-treatment reactor and the regenerator to pass the solid sorbent free from COtherethrough. The first and second heat exchanger include a first and second heat exchange jacket mounted thereon which are connected to each other in a closed loop state. 1. A dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a recovery reactor to recover COby contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas, which is fed from outside and contains CO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a recovery cyclone connected to the recovery reactor to discharge a gas while separating the solid sorbent capturing CO(‘CO-captured solid sorbent’) only;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a regenerator connected to the recovery cyclone to receive the CO-captured solid sorbent and separate COcaptured in the solid sorbent through a fluidized gas; and'}{'sub': '2', 'a pre-treatment reactor connected to the regenerator to cool the solid sorbent free from COand feedback the cooled solid sorbent to the recovery reactor,'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein a first heat exchanger is provided between the recovery cyclone and the regenerator to pass the CO-captured solid sorbent therethrough, and a second heat exchanger ...

Dry Carbon Dioxide Capturing Device with Multistage Supply Structure

Disclosed is a dry carbon dioxide capturing device which can improve sorption efficiency by supplying sorbent for absorbing carbon dioxide or exhaust gas containing carbon dioxide to a recovery reactor in multistages at various heights, The dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device with multistage supply structure comprises a recovery reactor to recover COby contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas; a recovery cyclone connected to the recovery reactor to discharge a gas while separating the CO-captured solid sorbent only; a regenerator connected to the recovery cyclone to receive the CO-captured solid sorbent and separate COcaptured in the solid sorbent; and a pre-treatment reactor connected to the regenerator for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO, wherein at least one of the exhaust gas supply line and the sorbent supply line has two or more arranged according to the height of the recovery reactor 1. A dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device with multistage supply structure , comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a recovery reactor to recover COby contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas, which is fed from outside through an exhaust gas supply line and contains CO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a recovery cyclone connected to the recovery reactor to discharge a gas while separating the solid sorbent capturing CO(‘CO-captured solid sorbent’) only;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a regenerator connected to the recovery cyclone to receive the CO-captured solid sorbent and separate COcaptured in the solid sorbent through a fluidized gas; and'}{'sub': '2', 'a pre-treatment reactor connected to the regenerator through a sorbent supply line to cool the solid sorbent free from COand feedback the cooled solid sorbent to the recovery reactor,'}wherein at least one of the exhaust gas supply line and the sorbent supply line has two or more arranged according to the height of the recovery reactor.2. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the exhaust gas feed rate of an upper side exhaust gas supply ...

DRY CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURING DEVICE USING MULTI SORBENTS

Disclosed is a dry COcapturing device using multi sorbents so as to maintain the sorption rate for exhaust gas containing CO. The dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device comprises at least two dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing parts comprising: a first and second recovery reactors and to recover COby contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas; a first and second recovery cyclones and connected to the recovery reactors; a first and second regenerators and connected to the recovery cyclones; and a first and second pre-treatment reactors and connected to the regenerators through sorbent supply lines. The first and second dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing parts are connected to each other so as to feed an isolated gas, which is separated with the solid sorbent in the first recovery cyclone of the first dry COcapturing part, to the second dry COcapturing part through the exhaust gas supply line, and different solid sorbents are used in the first and second COcapturing parts. 1. A dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing device which includes at least two (a first and second) dry carbon dioxide (CO) capturing parts comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first and second recovery reactors to recover COby contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas, which is fed from outside through an exhaust gas supply line and contains CO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first and second recovery cyclones connected to the recovery reactors to discharge a gas while separating the solid sorbent capturing CO(‘CO-captured solid sorbent’) only;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a first and second regenerators connected to the recovery cyclones to receive the CO-captured solid sorbent and separate COcaptured in the solid sorbent through a fluidized gas; and'}{'sub': '2', 'a first and second pre-treatment reactors connected to the regenerators through sorbent supply lines to cool the solid sorbent free from COand feedback the cooled solid sorbent to the recovery reactors,'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'wherein the first and second dry carbon ...

Method for Preparing Carbon Dioxide Absorbent Based on Natural Biomass and Carbon Dioxide Absorbent Based on Natural Biomass Prepared by the Same

A method for preparing a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass, and a carbon dioxide absorbent based on natural biomass that is prepared by the method. The method utilizes alkali metal or alkaline earth metal components, such as Ca, Ma and K, inherent to a natural plant biomass material. The method can provide a carbon dioxide absorbent with improved performance in an environmentally friendly manner at greatly reduced cost.

Apparatus and method for removing noise

A method of removing noise from a two-channel signal includes receiving channel signals constituting the two-channel signal; obtaining a noise signal for each channel by removing a target signal from each channel signal by subtracting another channel signal multiplied by a weighted value from each channel signal; estimating a power spectral density (PSD) of diffuse noise from each channel signal; obtaining a target signal including an interference signal for each channel by removing the diffuse noise from each channel signal using the estimated PSD of the diffuse noise; obtaining the interference signal for each channel by removing the diffuse noise from the noise signal for each channel using the estimated PSD of the diffuse noise; and removing the interference signal from the target signal including the interference signal for each channel.

FLUID SAND FALLING TYPE CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER WITH A PLURALITY OF RISERS AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers for preventing erosion and corrosion of water tubes and increasing combustion efficiency, and a method of operating the same. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers includes a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected, a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up, and a relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section, wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein. 1. A fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers , comprising:a boiler section into which fuel and oxidizer are injected;a riser section connected to the boiler section so that the fuel and fluid sand supplied from the boiler section are introduced from the bottom of the riser section and flow up; anda relay section provided on the boiler section to supply the fluid sand having passed through the riser section to the boiler section,wherein the fuel is injected from the top of the boiler section and burned while flowing down therein.2. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of water tube sections provided on an outer wall and in an internal space of the boiler section and extending in a height direction of the boiler section.3. The fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of oxidizer injection sections spaced apart from each other in a height direction of the boiler section and further provided in the lower portion of the riser section claim 1 ,wherein each output of the oxidizer injection ...

HIGH TEMPERATURE DRY DESULFURIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING MULTI REGENERATION RECTOR

A desulfurization system removes sulfur ingredients included synthetic gas generated from gasification of coal in a high temperature dry state. The system includes a desulfurization reactor, a desulfurization cyclone, and first and second regeneration reactors branched in the desulfurization cyclone. A first oxidizing agent is injected to a first oxidizing agent inlet of the first regeneration reactor, and a second oxidizing agent is injected to a second oxidizing agent inlet of the second regeneration reactor. A controller operates one of the first and second regeneration reactors in a regeneration mode, controlling the other to operate in a desulfurization mode. 1. A desulfurization system removing sulfur ingredients included synthetic gas generated from gasification of coal in a high temperature dry state , comprising:a desulfurization reactor removing sulfur ingredients of the synthetic gas by desulfurizing agent;a desulfurization cyclone discharging by separating synthetic gas removed sulfur ingredients discharged in the desulfurization reactor and desulfurizing agent absorbed sulfur ingredients;at least one of a first regeneration reactor branched in the desulfurization cyclone and regenerates the desulfurizing agent absorbed the sulfur ingredients by flowing the desulfurizing agent absorbed the discharged sulfur ingredients;at least one of a second regeneration reactor branched in the desulfurization cyclone and regenerates the desulfurizing agent absorbed the sulfur ingredients by flowing the desulfurizing agent absorbed discharged sulfur ingredients;a first oxidizing agent supplying means injecting oxidizing agent to a first oxidizing agent inlet of the first regeneration reactor, and a second oxidizing agent supplying means injecting oxidizing agent to a second oxidizing agent inlet of the second regeneration reactor;a first inlet valve provided at a side of a first regeneration reactor inlet pipe connecting between the desulfurization cyclone and a first ...

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate ; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream. 1. An encoding method of an input signal performed by at least one processor , the encoding method comprising:analyzing a frame of the input signal whether the frame is a speech frame or an audio frame; selecting a speech encoder when the frame the speech frame, and', 'selecting an audio encoder when the frame is the audio frame; and', 'generating a bitstream based on the encoded core band of the input signal,, 'encoding a core band of the input signal bywherein the core band is a low frequency band which is not expanded in a frequency band of the input signal,wherein a high frequency band is generated using the core band based on a frequency band expander in a decoding process.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , further comprising:converting a sampling rate of the input signal having an expanded frequency band to a sampling rate for the encoding the core band of the input signal.3. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the converting comprises:converting the sampling rate of the input signal to a sampling rate required by one of the speech encoder and the audio encoder.4. The encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the converting comprises:down-sampling the sampling rate of ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided are an apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output 1. A method for encoding an input signal executed by a computer , the method comprising:determining a characteristic of the input signal whether the input signal has an audio characteristic or a speech characteristicencoding the input signal based on the characteristic, using either a first encoder based on a time-domain coding scheme or a second encoder based on a transform-coding scheme,generating information for expanding the input signal to a high frequency band signalgenerating a bitstream including an encoding result of the input signal.wherein the input signal is transmitted to the first encoder or the second encoder according to the characteristic of the input signal being the audio characteristic or the speech characteristic.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding comprising:encoding a core band of the input signal,wherein the core band is low frequency band which is not to be expanded in the input signal.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding comprising:encoding the input signal using the first encoder, when the characteristic of the input signal has the speech characteristic, orencoding the input signal using the second encoder, when the characteristic of the input signal has the audio characteristic.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time-domain coding scheme includes a Code Excitation Linear Prediction (CELP) claim 1 , and the transform-coding ...

Speech signal processing apparatus and method for enhancing speech intelligibility

A speech signal processing apparatus and a speech signal processing method for enhancing speech intelligibility are provided. The speech signal processing apparatus includes an input signal gain determiner to determine a gain of an input signal based on a harmonic characteristic of a voiced speech, a voiced speech output unit to output a voiced speech in which a harmonic component is preserved by applying the gain to the input signal, a linear predictive coefficient determiner to determine a linear predictive coefficient based on the voiced speech, and an unvoiced speech preserver to preserve an unvoiced speech of the input signal based on the linear predictive coefficient.

LPC RESIDUAL SIGNAL ENCODING/DECODING APPARATUS OF MODIFIED DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM (MDCT)-BASED UNIFIED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING DEVICE

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP). 1. A processing method , comprising:identify a first block included in a previous frame;identify a second block included in a current frame;identifying an intentional signal related to the first block; andoverlap-adding the first block and second block using a window applied to the intentional signal,wherein the first block has a speech characteristic and the second block has audio characteristic.2. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the first block is processed based on ACELP (Algebraic code-excited linear prediction) and the second block is processed based on MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform).3. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the first block and the second block have a 128 overlap size.4. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the overlap-adding comprising:first overlap-adding the first block applied to first window into the intentional signal applied to second window; andsecond overlap-adding the second block applied to third window into the first overlapped result applied to first window.5. A processing method claim 1 , comprising:identify a first block included in a previous frame;identify a second block included in a current frame; andidentifying additional information related to the first block; andprocessing the first block and second block using the additional information,wherein the first block has a speech characteristic and the second block has audio characteristic.6. The processing method of claim 5 , wherein the first block is processed based on ACELP (Algebraic code-excited linear prediction) and the second block is ...

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream. 1. An encoding method of a input signal , the encoding method comprising:encoding a core band of the input signal by changing a speech encoding module or an audio encoding module whether a frame of the input signal has a speech characteristics or an audio characteristic;generating a bitstream based on the core band of the input signal,wherein the core band is a low frequency band without a high frequency band in a frequency band of the input signal,wherein the bitstream includes information for compensating a switching between the frame of the input signal having a speech characteristic and the frame of the input signal having the audio characteristic.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , further comprising:converting a sampling rate of the input signal having expanded frequency band.3. The encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the converting comprise:converting the sampling rate of the input signal to a sampling rate required for by the speech encoding module or the audio encoding module.4. The encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the converting comprise:down-sampling a sampling rate of the input signal by ½.5. The encoding method of claim 2 , wherein the converting comprise:down ...

Metal-organic frameworks and process of preparing the same

The present disclosure relates to a metal-organic framework and a method for preparing the same. In accordance with the present disclosure, a metal-organic framework having large specific surface area can be prepared and the prepared porous material exhibits high carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide adsorption characteristics at room temperature.

UNIFIED SPEECH/AUDIO CODEC (USAC) PROCESSING WINDOWS SEQUENCE BASED MODE SWITCHING

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency. 1. A encoding method for Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) , comprising:determining a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode of a previous sub-frame and a next sub-frame of an input signal with respect to current sub-frame of the input signal; andencoding the input signal by applying a window based on the LPD mode of the previous sub-frame and the next sub-frame, to the current sub-frame,wherein a size or a shape of an overlap-added region corresponding to a previous sub-frame or a next sub-frame in the window is changed based on an LPD mode of the previous sub-frame or an LPD mode of the next sub-frame.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the size of the overlap-added region of the window is 256 claim 1 , when an LPD mode of the current sub-frame is 1 and the LPD mode of the previous sub-frame or the next sub-frame is different from 0.3. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the size of the overlap-added region of the window is 512 claim 1 , when an LPD mode of the current sub-frame is 2 and the LPD mode of the previous sub-frame or the next sub-frame is different from 0.4. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the size of the overlap-added region of the window is 1024 claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when an LPD mode of the current sub-frame is 3 and the LPD mode of the previous sub-frame or the next sub-frame is different from 0.5. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein a left portion of the window is adjusted to a rectangular shape having a value of 1 claim 1 , when the LPD mode of the previous sub-frame is 0 claim 1 , andwherein the right portion of the window is adjusted to ...

ENCODING APPARATUS AND DECODING APPARATUS FOR TRANSFORMING BETWEEN MODIFIED DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM-BASED CODER AND DIFFERENT CODER

An encoding apparatus and a decoding apparatus in a transform between a Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT)-based coder and a different coder are provided. The encoding apparatus may encode additional information to restore an input signal encoded according to the MDCT-based coding scheme, when switching occurs between the MDCT-based coder and the different coder. Accordingly, an unnecessary bitstream may be prevented from being generated, and minimum additional information may be encoded. 1. A coding method performed by a device , comprising:identifying a previous frame which has a speech characteristic to be coded in time domain;identifying a current frame which has an audio characteristic to be coded in frequency domain; andprocessing for modifying specific area of the previous frame to be overlap-added with the current frame;performing overlap-add a first signal for the specific area of the previous frame and a second signal for the current frame.2. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the previous frame is coded with CELP (code-excited linear prediction) claim 1 , and the current frame is coded with MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform).3. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified using additional information.4. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is related to delayed block for the previous frame.5. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the previous frame is divided into first area and second area claim 1 ,wherein the second area is located after the first area in the previous frame,wherein the specific area corresponds to the second area.6. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified for artificially compensating a time-domain aliasing introduced by processing the current frame using a frequency domain coding.7. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified based on artificial TDA (time domain aliasing) signal.8. The coding method of claim 1 , wherein ...

CUCURBITURIL-POLYETHYLENIMINE-SILICA COMPLEX, PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF AND CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORBENT COMPRISING SAME

The present disclosure relates to a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex, a method for preparing the same and a carbon dioxide absorbent containing the same. According to the present disclosure, a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex may be prepared by forming a complex wherein a cucurbituril is bound to polyethylenimine and including the same inside silica, and it may be used as a carbon dioxide absorbent with superior thermal stability and prevented formation of urea. 2. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , wherein the cucurbituril represented by Chemical Formula 1 is cucurbit[6]uril claim 1 , wherein n is 6 claim 1 , each of Aand Ais independently H claim 1 , and X is O.3. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , wherein the polyethylenimine has a molecular weight of 100-50000.4. A cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex comprising a silica and the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 1 , which is included inside the silica.5. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to claim 4 , wherein the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex has a BET specific surface area of 1-500 m/g.6. The cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to claim 4 , whereinthe cucurbituril is cucurbit[6]uril,the polyethylenimine has a molecular weight of 500-12000, and{'sup': '2', 'the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex has a BET specific surface area of 20-60 m/g.'}7. A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to .8. A carbon dioxide absorbent comprising the cucurbituril-polyethylenimine-silica complex according to .10. The method for preparing a cucurbituril-polyethylenimine complex according to claim 9 , the solvent is one or more selected from methanol claim 9 , ethanol claim 9 , water claim 9 , dimethylformamide claim 9 , diethylformamide claim 9 , N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone claim 9 , dimethyl sulfoxide and ...

Apparatus and method for separating carbon dioxide with self recylcle loop

This invention relates to a device for separating carbon dioxide that includes a self-recycling loop, and to a method of separating carbon dioxide, which serve to effectively separate carbon dioxide from a combustion gas using a separation membrane provided with the self-recycling loop. This invention adopts a self-recycling loop in which the residue gas passing through a specific separation membrane is introduced into another separation membrane and in which a permeate gas passing through the specific separation membrane is introduced back into the specific separation membrane. Accordingly, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the feed gas of the specific separation membrane is increased, which increases the concentration of the permeate gas to thus improve the separation performance of the separation membrane, thereby separating high-purity carbon dioxide.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO UTILIZING A BAND EXPANDER TO OUTPUT THE AUDIO OR SPEECH TO A FREQUENCY DOMAIN ENCODER OR AN LPC ENCODER

Provided are an apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output signal of the first conversion encoder and an output signal of the LPC encoder. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expanding comprising:expanding a frequency band based on Spectral Band Replication (SBR).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the time-domain encoding module encodes the core band of the input signal based on Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) scheme.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transform encoding module encodes the core band of the input signal based on a Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT) scheme.5. A decoding method for integrally decoding a speech signal and an audio signal claim 1 , executed by a computer claim 1 , the method comprising:determining a characteristic of a encoded input signal including in a bitstream whether an encoded input signal is an audio characteristic signal or a speech characteristic signaldecoding the encoded input signal based on the characteristic of the encoded input signal,wherein the encoding performs by switching the below decoding module according to characteristic of the input signal,(i) decoding a core band of the input signal based on a time-domain decoding module, when the encoded input signal is the speech characteristic signal, or(ii) decoding a core band of the input signal based on a transform decoding module, when the encoded input signal is the audio characteristic signal,wherein the core band includes ...

FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR CAPABLE OF VARYING FLOW VELOCITY

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor capable of varying flow velocity, in which the flow velocity in the fluidized bed reactor varies to maintain the smooth transportation of solid particles while increasing the concentration of a gaseous reactant in relation to the solid particles. The fluidized bed reactor comprises: a lower high-speed unit into which solid particles and fluid particles are introduced; a middle low-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the lower high-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes lower than that in the lower high-speed unit; and an upper high-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the middle low-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes higher than that in the middle low-speed unit. 1. A fluidized bed reactor in which solid absorbents and reaction gases inflow to cause chemical reaction between the solid absorbents and reaction gas in a fluidized state , comprising:a lower high-speed unit into which the solid particles and the liquid particles inflow;a middle low-speed unit which is connected to an upper end portion of the lower high-speed unit, and is configured to decrease a flow velocity therein to be lower than the lower high-speed unit; andan upper high-speed unit which elongates from an upper end of the middle low-speed unit, and is configured to increase the flow velocity therein to be greater than the middle low-speed unit.2. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the lower high-speed unit has a smaller cross-sectional area than the middle low-speed unit claim 1 , and the upper high-speed unit has a smaller cross-sectional area than the middle low-speed unit.3. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the upper high-speed unit has a cross-sectional area gradually decreased toward an upper end thereof.4. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction gases are additionally supplied to the middle ...

HIGHLY ELASTIC COPOLYMERIZED ARAMID FIBERS

A highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber of the present invention includes aramid copolymers which contain an aromatic group substituted with a cyano group (—CN), so as to have an elastic modulus of 1,100 to 1,300 g/d, a strength of 17 to 30 g/d and an elongation of 1 to 4%. According to the present invention, the content of the solvent remaining in the fiber is small in a range of less than 100 ppm, and the crystallinity, crystal size and orientation angle of the fiber are properly controlled by the heat treatment. Therefore, the elastic modulus is greatly improved even without a decrease in the strength, as compared to the conventional aramid fibers. The present invention is useful as a material for various products requiring high elasticity as well as high strength of aramid fibers such as bulletproof materials. 1. A highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber , comprising aramid copolymers which contain an aromatic group substituted with a cyano group (—CN) , so as to have an elastic modulus of 1 ,100 to 1 ,300 g/d , a strength of 17 to 30 g/d and an elongation of 1 to 4%.2. The highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber according to claim 1 , wherein the highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber has a crystallinity of 60 to 80% claim 1 , a crystal size of 100 to 200 Å (200 faces) and 100 to 170 Å (110 faces) and an orientation angle (200 faces) of 2 to 9°. The preset invention relates to a highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber, and more particularly, to a highly elastic copolymerized aramid fiber which includes aramid copolymers containing an aromatic group substituted with a cyano group (—CN), so as ensure appropriately controlled crystallinity, crystal size and orientation angle of fibers by heat treatment, thereby accomplishing high elastic modulus even without a reduction of strength.Aramid fibers generally include para-aramid fibers and meta-aramid fibers. Among those, the para-aramid fiber has excellent characteristics such as high strength, high ...

High strength copolymerized aramid fibers

A high-strength copolymerized aramid fiber according to the present invention includes aramid copolymers which contain an aromatic group substituted with a cyano group (—CN), so as to have a chord modulus of 700 to 1,100 g/d. The high strength copolymerized aramid fiber of the present invention has an orientation angle of 10 to 25° and an enhanced strength of 20 to 35 g/d. The aramid fiber of the present invention is fabricated by properly controlling a shear rate on an inner wall of a spinneret when a spinning dope passes through the spinneret, or elongating an aramid yarn that passes through a coagulation tube while coagulating the same, so as to have higher chord modulus and strength than the conventional aramid fibers. Therefore, the aramid fiber is useful as a material for various industries.

UNIFIED SPEECH/AUDIO CODEC (USAC) PROCESSING WINDOWS SEQUENCE BASED MODE SWITCHING

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency. 1. A method processed by a processor , comprising:determining a first window for a previous block with respect to a current block;modifying a left portion of a second window for the current block based on the first window; andprocessing the current block using the modified second window.2. The method of claim 2 , wherein the left portion of the second window is overlap-add region of the second window with the first window region when a block switching occurs between the previous block and the current block.3. The decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the modifying comprising:modifying a shape of the left portion of the second based on the first window.4. The decoding method of claim 1 , wherein the modifying comprising:modifying a size of the left portion of the second based on the first window.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous block is the LPD mode.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Frequency Domain (FD) mode and the previous block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous block is a Frequency Domain (FD) mode.8. A method processed by a processor claim 1 , comprising:determining a first window for a next block with respect to a current block;modifying a right portion of a second window for the current block based on the first window; andprocessing the current block using the modified second window.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the right portion of the second window is overlap-add ...

LPC RESIDUAL SIGNAL ENCODING/DECODING APPARATUS OF MODIFIED DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM (MDCT)-BASED UNIFIED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING DEVICE

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP). 1. A processing method performed by a device , comprising:identifying a previous frame which has a speech characteristic to be coded by a time-domain coding scheme;identifying a current frame which has an audio characteristic to be coded by a frequency-domain coding scheme;identifying additional information for cancelling a time-domain aliasing introduced by the frequency-domain coding scheme, when a switching occurs from the previous frame to the current frame; andadding (i) a first signal derived from to a portion of the previous frame, (ii) a second signal derived from to the additional information, and (iii) a third signal derived from the current frame2. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the previous frame is coded with CELP (code-excited linear prediction) claim 1 , and the current frame is coded with MDCT (Modified Discrete Cosine Transform).3. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the additional information has length corresponds to a portion of entire length of the current frame.4. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the additional information is applied to a boundary between the previous frame and the current frame.5. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the additional information is distinguished different from the previous frame.6. A processing method performed by a device claim 1 , comprising:identifying a previous frame which has a speech characteristic to be coded by a time-domain coding scheme;identifying a current frame which has an audio characteristic to be coded by a frequency-domain coding scheme;identifying additional ...

UNIFIED SPEECH/AUDIO CODEC (USAC) PROCESSING WINDOWS SEQUENCE BASED MODE SWITCHING

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency. 1. A signal processing method processed by a processor , comprising:identifying a first window for a previous frame;identifying a second window for a current frame;modifying the second window, when a switching occurs between the previous frame and the current frame, andprocessing the current frame using the modified second window,wherein an area of the second window performed overlap-add operation with the first window is modified.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a slope of the area for overlap-add operation in the second window is modified.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a size of the area for overlap-add operation in the second window is modified.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the overlap-add operation is performed at a folding point with respect to the first window and the second window.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous frame is applied to a Frequency Domain (FD) mode.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous frame is applied to the LPD mode.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to Frequency Domain (FD) and the previous frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode.8. A signal processing method processed by a processor claim 1 , comprising:identifying a first window for a current frame;identifying a second window for a next frame;modifying the first window, when a switching occurs between the current frame and the next frame, andprocessing the current frame using the modified ...

Apparatus and method for measuring height of solid bed in high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed system

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for measuring the height of a solid bed in a high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed system, and a fluidized bed system having the solid bed height measuring apparatus. The solid bed height measuring apparatus includes a lower pressure probe mounted at an upper side as high as a first height from a gas distributor of a fluidized bed reactor to measure pressure of the mounted location, and a middle pressure probe mounted at an upper side as high as a second height from the lower probe to measure pressure of the mounted location. An upper pressure probe is mounted at the top of the fluidized bed reactor to measure the inside pressure of the fluidized bed reactor. First and second differential pressure gauges are used for measuring differential pressures.

FLUIDIZED BED SYSTEM HAVING SPARGER CAPABLE OF MINIMIZING BLOCKAGE BY SOLIDS AND CONTROLLING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to a fluidized bed system having a sparger capable of minimizing a blockage by solids and controlling method thereof. And, more specifically, the present invention relates to a fluidized bed system having a sparger capable of minimizing a blockage by solids comprising a fluidized bed reactor to store a solid layer with a certain height and to fluidize the solid layer by using fluidization gases; a sparger having a pipe shape submerged in the solid layer and having a plurality of gas-discharging holes to spray fluidization gases onto the solid layer; and a gas-supplying line having its one end contacting a gas-supplying source and the other end connected to the sparger, wherein fluidization gases are introduced through the gas-supplying line into the sparger by driving the gas-supplying source, the fluidization gases are sprayed through the gas-discharging holes onto the solid layer, the gas-supplying source is placed higher than the sparger and the height difference (H) between the gas-supplying source and the sparger is greater than the height of the solid layer. 1. A fluidized bed system having a sparger ,the fluidized bed system having a sparger capable of minimizing a blockage by solids comprising:{'sub': 's', 'a fluidized bed reactor to store a solid layer with a certain height (H) inside of it and to fluidize the solid layer via injected fluidization gases;'}a sparger having a pipe shape submerged in the solid layer in the fluidized bed reactor and having a plurality of gas-discharging holes to spray fluidization gases onto the solid layer;a gas-supplying line having its one end contacting a gas-supplying source and the other end connected to the sparger;wherein fluidization gases flow through the gas-supplying line into the sparger and are sprayed through the gas-discharging holes onto the solid layer,{'sub': g', 's, 'wherein the gas-supplying source is placed higher than the sparger and the height difference (H) between the gas- ...

Chemical looping combustor using magnetic oxygen carrier particles and loop seal equipped with magnetic separator

The present invention relates to a CLC and operation method thereof equipped with a loop seal separator using magnetic oxygen carrier particles and a magnetic separator. And more particularly, the present invention relates to a loop seal separator using magnetic oxygen carrier particles and a magnetic separator, wherein the loop seal separator comprises a duct into which the ash and magnetic oxygen carrier particles, discharged from a reducer, flow; a magnetic separator to separate the ash from the magnetic oxygen carrier particles, flowing into the duct, by magnetic material; an ash discharge pipe to discharge the ash, separated by the magnetic separator; and an oxygen-carrier-particle discharge pipe to encourage the magnetic oxygen carrier particles, separated by the magnetic separator, to flow into an oxidizer.

FILTER APPARATUS FOR OIL-WATER SEPARATION

The present disclosure relates to a filter apparatus for oil-water separation, and according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the filter apparatus for oil-water separation is mounted in a mixed fluid storage tank for storing a mixed fluid collected in seas or rivers in the event that an oil spill accident occurs, it is possible to drain off only water in the mixed fluid. 1. A filter apparatus for oil-water separation , comprising:a prefilter module having an internal space to allow a prefiltered fluid in an external mixed fluid to flow in while disallowing an external impurity to flow in; anda first hydrophilic filter module provided on an inner side of the prefilter module to filter the prefiltered fluid.2. The filter apparatus for oil-water separation according to claim 1 , wherein the first hydrophilic filter module comprises:a core made of a second hydrophilic material; anda shell of a first hydrophilic material that is wrapped around an outer peripheral surface of the core.3. The filter apparatus for oil-water separation according to claim 2 , wherein the core is formed in a porous structure.4. The filter apparatus for oil-water separation according to claim 1 , wherein the first hydrophilic filter module is formed in a mesh structure of first hydrophilic surface nanostructures.5. The filter apparatus for oil-water separation according to or claim 1 , further comprising:a mesh support to support the first hydrophilic filter module in an outward direction within the internal space of the prefilter module. The present disclosure relates to a filter apparatus for oil-water separation.In general, when oil spill accidents occur in seas, emergency equipment such as absorbent papers or oil skimmers is used.In this instance, oil recovered through the emergency equipment is collected in an oil storage container, and fluids collected in the oil storage container include oil as well as a considerable amount of water and many solid impurities present in ...

LPC RESIDUAL SIGNAL ENCODING/DECODING APPARATUS OF MODIFIED DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM (MDCT)-BASED UNIFIED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING DEVICE

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP). 1identify a first block included in a previous frame;identify a second block included in a current frame;identifying an intentional signal related to the first block; andoverlap-adding the first block and second block using a window applied to the intentional signal,wherein the first block has a speech characteristic and the second block has audio characteristic.. A processing method, comprising: This application is a continuation application of U.S. Ser. No. 14/541,904 filed Nov. 14, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 13/124,043 filed on Jul. 5, 2011 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,898,059), which claims priority to, and the benefit of PCT Application. PCT/KR2009/005881 filed on Oct. 13, 2009, which claims priority to, and the benefit of, Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-0100170 filed Oct. 13, 2008; Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-0126994 filed Dec. 15, 2008 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2009-0096888 filed Oct. 12, 2009. The contents of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference.The present invention relates to a line predicative coder (LPC) residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of a modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) based unified voice and audio encoding device, and relates to a configuration for processing an LPC residual signal in a unified configuration unifying an MDCT based audio coder and an LPC based audio coder.An efficiency and a sound quality of an audio signal may be maximized by using different encoding methods depending on a property of an input signal. As an example, when a CELP based voice ...

UNIFIED SPEECH/AUDIO CODEC (USAC) PROCESSING WINDOWS SEQUENCE BASED MODE SWITCHING

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency. 1. A encoding method processed by a processor , comprising:determining a first window for a previous block with respect to a current block; andmodifying a left portion of a second window for the current block based on the first window.encoding the current block using the modified second window.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the left portion of the second window is overlap-add region of the second window with the first window region when a block switching occurs between the previous block and the current block.3. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the modifying comprising:modifying a shape of the left portion of the second based on the first window.4. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the modifying comprising:modifying a size of the left portion of the second based on the first window.5. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous block is the LPD mode.6. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Frequency Domain (FD) mode and the previous block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode.7. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the current block is a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous block is a Frequency Domain (FD) mode.8. A encoding method processed by a processor claim 1 , comprising:determining a first window for a next block with respect to a current block; andmodifying a right portion of a second window for the current block based on the first window.encoding the current block using the modified second window.9. The encoding method of claim 8 , ...

Method and apparatus for data augmentation using non-negative matrix factorization

A data augmentation method includes extracting one or more basis vectors and coefficient vectors corresponding to sound source data classified in advance into a target class by applying non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) to the sound source data, generating a new basis vector using the extracted basis vectors, and generating new sound source data using the generated new basis vector and the extracted coefficient vectors.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR GAS LEAKAGE MEASUREMENT IN A HIGH PRESSURE REACTOR

Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for gas leakage measurement in a high pressure reactor. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for gas leakage measurement in a high pressure reactor including: a gas inlet; a first valve equipped to one side of the gas inlet; a flowmeter; a pressure gauge measuring an internal pressure of the reactor; a gas outlet; and a second valve, wherein if in internal pressure reaches a preset pressure by closing the second valve and injecting a gas to the reactor through the flowmeter in the state of opening the first valve, the gas leakage status in the reactor is measured through pressure changes in the pressure gauge after closing the first valve. 1. An apparatus for gas leakage measurement in a high pressure reactor comprising:a gas inlet through which a gas is flowed in a reactor;a first valve which is equipped to one side of the gas inlet;a flowmeter which is equipped to a front-end of the first valve and measures a gas flow;a pressure gauge which measures an internal pressure of the reactor in real time;a gas outlet through which an internal gas of the reactor is flowed out; anda second valve which is equipped to one side of the gas outlet, whereinthe gas leakage status in the reactor is measured through pressure changes in the pressure gauge by opening the first valve and injecting a gas into the reactor by the flowmeter in the state of closing the second valve,the flowmeter has a reverse flow protection function so that the gas is only flowed in the reaction side, and comprises a recorder on which is saved a pressure value measured in the pressure gauge in real time to record changes,if a pressure reaches a preset pressure after closing the second valve and injecting a gas in the state of opening the first valve, the flowmeter is adjusted to 0 to prevent further gases from injected any more. At this time, if the pressure is decreased, it is determined there is a gas leakage, andthe apparatus for gas ...

LPC RESIDUAL SIGNAL ENCODING/DECODING APPARATUS OF MODIFIED DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM (MDCT)-BASED UNIFIED VOICE/AUDIO ENCODING DEVICE

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP). 1. A processing method performed by a device , comprising:identifying a previous frame which has a speech characteristic to be coded in time domain;identifying a current frame which has an audio characteristic to be coded in frequency domain; andprocessing for modifying specific area of the previous frame to be overlap-added with the current frame;performing overlap-add a first signal for the specific area of the previous frame and a second signal for the current frame.2. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the previous frame is coded with CELP(code-excited linear prediction) claim 1 , and the current frame is coded with MDCT(Modified Discrete Cosine Transform).3. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the previous frame is divided into first area and second area claim 1 ,wherein the second area is located after the first area in the previous frame,wherein the specific area corresponds to the second area.4. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified for artificially compensating a time-domain aliasing introduced by processing the current frame using a frequency domain coding.5. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified based on artificial TDA (time domain aliasing) signal.6. The processing method of claim 1 , wherein the specific area is modified using a sine window corresponding to left portion of window for the current frame.7. A device claim 1 , comprising one or more processor claim 1 , identify a previous frame which has a speech characteristic to be coded in time domain;', 'identify a ...

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING CO2 FROM COMBUSTION GAS USING MULTI-STAGE MEMBRANES

An apparatus separating carbon dioxide from combustion gas using separation membranes, which includes: a first separation membrane in which combustion gas is injected into an inlet side of the first separation membrane; a second separation membrane in which residue gas of the first separation membrane is injected into an inlet side of the second separation membrane; and a third separation membrane in which permeate gas of the first separation membrane is injected into an inlet side of the third separation membrane, wherein at least a part of permeate gas of the third separation membrane is captured, and residue gas of the third separation membrane is injected into the inlet side of the first separation membrane or the second separation membrane. The present invention can be easily applied to an actual process by efficiently separating carbon dioxide using separation membranes. 1. A carbon dioxide separation apparatus for separating carbon dioxide from combustion gas using multiple separation membranes , the carbon dioxide separation apparatus comprising:a first separation membrane in which combustion gas is injected into an inlet side of the first separation membrane;a second separation membrane in which residue gas of the first separation membrane is injected into an inlet side of the second separation membrane; anda third separation membrane in which permeate gas of the first separation membrane is injected into an inlet side of the third separation membrane,wherein at least a part of permeate gas of the third separation membrane is captured, and residue gas of the third separation membrane is injected into the inlet side of the first separation membrane or the second separation membrane.2. The carbon dioxide separation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least another part of the permeate gas of the third separation membrane is injected into the inlet side of the third separation membrane claim 1 , and the residue gas of the third separation membrane is injected ...

Method of dry-spinning para-aramid fiber

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing para-aramid fibers, which includes: spinning a polymeric solution containing aramid polymer in an organic solvent through a spinneret into an inert gas to partially remove the organic solvent contained in the spun fiber; contacting the spun fiber with conditioning solution, so as to maintain residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15%; and subjecting the treated fiber to drawing, washing and heating in a dry-spinning manner. The present invention may greatly reduce energy consumption and costs for recovery of the solvent, as compared to a conventional manufacturing method of aramid fiber in a wet-spinning manner. Further, the present invention may solve conventional problems such as corrosion of apparatus, deterioration of working environments, or the like, since a concentrated sulfuric acid solvent is not used in a spinning process. Still further, the present invention may conduct drawing and heating after maintaining the residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15% before drawing, thereby remarkably improving the strength and elastic modulus of the fiber.

Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Provided are an apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output signal of the first conversion encoder and an output signal of the LPC encoder.

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate ; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream. 1. An encoding method of an input signal performed by at least one processor , the encoding method comprising:determining a frame of the input signal whether the frame is a speech frame or an audio frame;encoding the input signal in a speech encoder based CELP coding scheme when the frame is the speech frame, andencoding the input signal in an audio encoder based MDCT coding scheme when the frame is the audio frame; andwherein the input signal is processed by using information for compensating a change of a frame unit between the speech frame and the audio frame when a switching occurs between the speech frame and the audio frame in a decoding process about the input signal.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , wherein the input signal is encoded with respect to a core band claim 1 ,wherein the core band is a low frequency band which is not expanded in a frequency band of the input signal,wherein a high frequency band is generated from the core band based on a frequency band expander in a decoding process.3. The encoding method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating information for generating the high frequency band;wherein the bitstream includes the generated information.4. ...

APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream. 1. An encoding method of an input signal performed by at least one processor , the encoding method comprising:determining a frame of the input signal whether the frame is a speech frame or an audio frame;encoding the core band of the input signal in a speech encoder based CELP coding scheme when the frame is the speech frame, andencoding the core band of the input signal in an audio encoder based MDCT coding scheme when the frame is the audio frame; andgenerating a bitstream including the encoded core band of the input signal,wherein the core band is a low frequency band which is not expanded in a frequency band of the input signal,wherein a high frequency band is generated from the core band based on a frequency band expander in a decoding process, andwherein the input signal is processed by using information for compensating a change of a frame unit between the speech frame and the audio frame when a switching occurs between the speech frame and the audio frame in a decoding process about the input signal.2. The encoding method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating information for generating the high frequency band;wherein the bitstream includes the generated information ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR ENCODING AND DECODING OF INTEGRATED SPEECH AND AUDIO

Provided are an apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output. 1. A method for encoding an input signal executed by a computer , the method comprising:identifying a characteristic of the input signal whether the input signal has an audio characteristic or a speech characteristicencoding the input signal based on the characteristic, using either a first encoder based on a time-domain coding scheme or a second encoder based on a transform-coding scheme,generating information for expanding the input signal to a high frequency band signal, wherein a frequency band of the input signal is to be expanded using the information in a decoding process for the input signal,generating a bitstream including an encoding result of the input signal,wherein the input signal is transmitted to the first encoder or the second encoder according to the characteristic of the input signal being the audio characteristic or the speech characteristic.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding comprising:encoding a core band of the input signal,wherein the core band is frequency band which is not to be expanded in the input signal.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding comprising:encoding the input signal using the first encoder, when the characteristic of the input signal has the speech characteristic, orencoding the input signal using the second encoder, when the characteristic of the input signal has the audio characteristic.4. The method of claim 1 ...

UNIFIED SPEECH/AUDIO CODEC (USAC) PROCESSING WINDOWS SEQUENCE BASED MODE SWITCHING

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency. 1. A signal processing method processed by a processor , comprising:modifying a left portion of a second window for a current frame based on a first window for a previous frame in response to mode switching, andprocessing the current frame using the modified second window by performing overlap-add operation between the previous frame applied to the first window and the current frame applied to the second window having the modified left portion,wherein an area of the second window performed overlap-add operation is modified based on the first window.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a slope of the area for overlap-add operation in the second window is modified.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a size of the area for overlap-add operation in the second window is modified.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the overlap-add operation is performed at a folding point with respect to the first window and the second window.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous frame is applied to a Frequency Domain (FD) mode.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode and the previous frame is applied to the LPD mode.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the current frame is applied to Frequency Domain (FD) and the previous frame is applied to a Linear Prediction Domain (LPD) mode.8. A signal processing method processed by a processor claim 1 , comprising:modifying a right portion of a first window for a current frame based on a second window for a next frame in response to ...

Apparatus and method for measuring height of solid bed in high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed system

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for measuring the height of a solid bed in a high-temperature and high-pressure fluidized bed system, and a fluidized bed system having the solid bed height measuring apparatus. The solid bed height measuring apparatus includes a lower pressure probe mounted at an upper side as high as a first height from a gas distributor of a fluidized bed reactor to measure pressure of the mounted location, and a middle pressure probe mounted at an upper side as high as a second height from the lower probe to measure pressure of the mounted location. An upper pressure probe is mounted at the top of the fluidized bed reactor to measure the inside pressure of the fluidized bed reactor. First and second differential pressure gauges are used for measuring differential pressures.

Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding signal

Encoding and decoding apparatuses and encoding and decoding methods are provided. The decoding method includes extracting a plurality of encoded signals from an input bitstream, determining which of a plurality of decoding methods is to be used to decode each of the encoded signals, decoding the encoded signals using the determined decoding methods, synthesizing the decoded signals, and restoring an original signal by performing a post-processing operation on the single signal. Accordingly, it is possible to encode signals having different characteristics at an optimum bitrate by classifying the signals into one or more classes according to the characteristics of the signals and encoding each of the signals using an encoding unit that can best serve the class where a corresponding signal belongs. In addition, it is possible to efficiently encode various signals including audio and speech signals.

Encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus for transforming between modified discrete cosine transform-based coder and hetero coder

An encoding apparatus and a decoding apparatus in a transform between a Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT)-based coder and a hetero coder are provided. The encoding apparatus may encode additional information to restore an input signal encoded according to the MDCT-based coding scheme, when switching occurs between the MDCT-based coder and the hetero coder. Accordingly, an unnecessary bitstream may be prevented from being generated, and minimum additional information may be encoded,

LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)-based unified voice/audio encoding device

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).

Filter apparatus for oil-water separation

The present disclosure relates to a filter apparatus for oil-water separation, and according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the filter apparatus for oil-water separation is mounted in a mixed fluid storage tank for storing a mixed fluid collected in seas or rivers in the event that an oil spill accident occurs, it is possible to drain off only water in the mixed fluid.In addition, it is possible to increase the storage efficiency of the mixed fluid storage tank by selectively draining and removing only water other than oil and impurities in the mixed fluid stored in the mixed fluid storage tank.

Dry carbon dioxide capturing device using multi sorbents

Disclosed is a dry CO 2 capturing device using multi sorbents so as to maintain the sorption rate for exhaust gas containing CO 2 . The dry carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capturing device comprises at least two dry carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capturing parts comprising: a first and second recovery reactors 104 and 105 to recover CO 2 by contacting a solid sorbent with exhaust gas; a first and second recovery cyclones 106 and 122 connected to the recovery reactors; a first and second regenerators 110 and 126 connected to the recovery cyclones; and a first and second pre-treatment reactors 116 and 132 connected to the regenerators through sorbent supply lines. The first and second dry carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capturing parts are connected to each other so as to feed an isolated gas, which is separated with the solid sorbent in the first recovery cyclone 106 of the first dry CO 2 capturing part, to the second dry CO 2 capturing part through the exhaust gas supply line, and different solid sorbents are used in the first and second CO 2 capturing parts.

Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio utilizing a band expander with a spectral band replication (SBR) to output the SBR to either time or transform domain encoding according to the input signal characteristic

Provided are an apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output.

Apparatus and method for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio utilizing a band expander with a spectral band replication to output the audio or speech to a frequency domain encoder or an LPC encoder

An apparatus and a method for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal. The encoding apparatus may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a first conversion encoder to convert the input signal to a frequency domain signal, and to encode the input signal when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; a Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) encoder to perform LPC encoding of the input signal when the input signal is a speech characteristic signal; a frequency band expander with the spectral band replication (SBR) standard for expanding the frequency band of the input signal whose output is transmitted to either the first conversion encoder or the LPC encoder based on the input characteristic; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream using an output signal of the first conversion encoder and an output signal of the LPC encoder.

LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)-based unified voice/audio encoding device

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).

Digital hearing impairment simulation method and hearing aid evaluation method using the same

A digital hearing impairment simulation method and a hearing aid evaluation method using the same are disclosed. According to the digital hearing impairment simulation method, a hearing characteristic table of a hearing impaired person is input and the input table is stored in a memory, in order to sample the hearing characteristics of the hearing impaired person (S1). A hearing loss table is calculated and stored in the memory (S2). An audio signal input via an audio input portion is converted to a digital signal and the converted digital signal is stored in the memory (S3). The converted digital signal is converted to the frequency domain signal using a fast Fourier transform algorithm (S4). The average power by critical band is calculated (S5). A hearing loss gain for each critical band is calculated using the hearing loss table and the average powers of the critical bands (S6). Coefficients for a digital filter corresponding to the hearing loss gains of the critical bands is calculated (S7). The input signal converted to a digital signal and stored in the memory in the step (S3) is digitally filtered using the digital filter coefficients (S8). The digitally filtered signal is converted to an analog signal and the converted analog signal is output to an audio output portion (S9). Thus, the performance of a hearing aid can be easily evaluated and hearing characteristics of a hearing impaired person can be easily sampled.

Unified Speech/Audio Codec (USAC) processing windows sequence based mode switching

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency.

Fluidized bed drying apparatus

An apparatus for drying particles in a fluidized state includes a particle input segment into which wet particles are input, a drying segment having a multi-perforated plate dividing an inner space of the drying segment into an upper section and a lower section, a plurality of upper partition plates partitioning the upper section and positioned above the multi-perforated plate, a plurality of lower partition plates in the lower section respectively corresponding to the plurality of upper partition plates, a plurality of pairs of channel plates in the lower section that pass through the multi-perforated plate such that each pair of the plurality of pairs of channel plates are respectively arranged on opposite sides of respective ones of the plurality of upper partition plates and on opposite sides of respective ones of the plurality of lower partition plates; and a heated-air flow supply segment for supplying hot gas to the drying segment.

Transmitter and receiver for speech coding and decoding by using additional bit allocation method

The present invention relates to a transmitter and a receiver for speech coding and decoding by using an additional bit allocation method. The transmitter and the receiver according to the present invention realize a voice communication service of high quality by using additional bits permitted in system requirements while using a conventional speech coder as it is. In addition, the transmitter and the receiver according to the present invention have an advantage in that they enable insertion of additional quantization blocks while not changing the structure of the conventional standard speech coder, since they allocate additional bits by applying a multi-stage quantization procedure not in a speech signal domain but in a parameter domain.

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Method and apparatus for coding audio signal

An audio coding method and apparatus capable of improving efficiency of a MPEG-4 AAC (Moving Picture Expert Group-4 Advanced Audio Coding) process are disclosed. The audio coding method and apparatus reduce the number of calculations of an audio coding algorithm to improve efficiency of an audio coding process. Specifically, the audio coding method and apparatus reduce the number of calculations required for a Psychoacoustic model process of the MPEG-4 AAC algorithm capable of coding an audio signal.

Apparatus and method for reproducing sound, and method for canceling a feedback signal

Provided are a method and apparatus for reproducing sound. A sound signal may be generated by receiving sound around the apparatus. An output signal may be generated by performing a process according to functions of the apparatus on a residual signal obtained by canceling a feedback signal from the sound signal.

Fluidized bed solid circulation system using pressure and density difference, fluidized bed reaction system having the same and solid circulation method

Disclosed is provided to overcome problems of conventional methods using each of a solid discharge nozzle and a screw conveyer. According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a fluidized bed system is provided to circulate solids using pressure and density difference. More particularly, a fluidized solid circulation system using pressure and density difference is characterized by comprising: a first fluidized bed reactor; a second fluidized bed reactor; a first cyclone; a second cyclone; a first pressure control valve; a second pressure control valve; a lower loop seal; an upper loop seal; and a control part, thereby circulating the solids between the first fluidized bed reactor and the second fluidized bed reactor.

High-temperature and high-pressure system for desulfurisation and dehalogenation of gas

Disclosed is a system for purifying high-temperature high-pressure contaminated gas which includes a dehalogenation process for removing halogen compounds from a raw gas by recycling a dry carbon dioxide sorbent that has been exhausted by repeated removing of carbon dioxide. The system 10 includes a desulfurization apparatus 200 which removes sulfur compounds from a raw gas; and a dehalogenation apparatus 100 which is disposed at a front or rear of the desulfurization apparatus 200 to remove halogen compounds. The dehalogenation apparatus 100 includes dehalogenation reactors 104 and 108 into which a dry carbon dioxide sorbent is introduced, and dehalogenation cyclones 106 and 110 which separate the dry carbon dioxide sorbents from a mixture of a dehalogenation gas and the dry carbon dioxide sorbents discharged from the dehalogenation reactor 100 and discharges only the dehalogenation gas.

Apparatus and method for removing noise

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream.

Unified speech/audio codec (USAC) processing windows sequence based mode switching

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency.

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kodierung von tonsignalen

Lpc residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of modified discrete cosine transform (mdct)-based unified voice/audio encoding device

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).

LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)-based unified voice/audio encoding device

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).

Decoding apparatus for transforming between modified discrete cosine transform-based coder and hetero coder

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream.

Method for encoding of integrated speech and audio

Method of dry-spinning para-aramid fiber

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing para-aramid fibers, which includes: spinning a polymeric solution containing aramid polymer in an organic solvent through a spinneret into an inert gas to partially remove the organic solvent contained in the spun fiber; contacting the spun fiber with conditioning solution, so as to maintain residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15%; and subjecting the treated fiber to drawing, washing and heating in a dry-spinning manner. The present invention may greatly reduce energy consumption and costs for recovery of the solvent, as compared to a conventional manufacturing method of aramid fiber in a wet-spinning manner. Further, the present invention may solve conventional problems such as corrosion of apparatus, deterioration of working environments, or the like, since a concentrated sulfuric acid solvent is not used in a spinning process. Still further, the present invention may conduct drawing and heating after maintaining the residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15% before drawing, thereby remarkably improving the strength and elastic modulus of the fiber.

Method of dry-spinning para-aramid fiber

Carbon composite for electrode, battery comprising same, and method for manufacturing same

A carbon composite for an electrode of a battery, method for manufacturing the same, an electrode including the same, and a battery including the same are provided. The carbon composite comprises a porous carbon material including an outer surface and pores comprising an inner surface, the porous carbon material being doped with a heteroelement, and a catalyst comprising a transition metal formed on the outer surface or the inner surface of at least a plurality of the pores, and provides improved kinetic activity in electrochemical reaction during charge and discharge of the battery and cost efficiency for commercialization of the battery.

Audio signal processing apparatus and method for deep neural network-based audio encoder and decoder

An audio signal processing method, which is executed by a processor electronically communicating with a deep neural network within a computing system, may comprise: acquiring, by the processor, an input signal before encoding and an output signal after quantization and decoding; calculating, by the processor, a perceptual global loss for a frame corresponding to the input and the output signals; acquiring, by the processor, a plurality of subframes corresponding to the input and output signals by applying a windowing function to the frame of the input and output signals; calculating, by the processor, perceptual local losses for the plurality of subframes corresponding to the input and output signals; and acquiring, by the processor, multi-time scale perceptual loss based on the perceptual global and local losses.

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Provided is an apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and an audio signal. An encoding apparatus for integrally encoding a speech signal and an audio signal, may include: a module selection unit to analyze a characteristic of an input signal and to select a first encoding module for encoding a first frame of the input signal; a speech encoding unit to encode the input signal according to a selection of the module selection unit and to generate a speech bitstream; an audio encoding unit to encode the input signal according to the selection of the module selection unit and to generate an audio bitstream; and a bitstream generation unit to generate an output bitstream from the speech encoding unit or the audio encoding unit according to the selection of the module selection unit.

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Unified speech/audio codec (USAC) processing windows sequence based mode switching

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency.

Chemical looping combustion and carbon dioxide direct reduction (clc-cdr) integration system and operation method thereof

The present invention relates to a chemical looping combustion and carbon dioxide direct reduction (CLC-CDR) integration system and an operation method thereof, particularly to a chemical looping combustion and carbon dioxide direct reduction (CLC-CDR) integration system including: an air reactor, wherein an oxygen carrier particle is oxidized by reacting with injected air and air from which oxygen was partially removed is discharged; a fuel reactor, wherein the oxidized oxygen carrier particle is supplied, a supplied fuel is reacted to reduce the oxidized oxygen carrier particle, and carbon dioxide including H 2 O is discharged; and a carbon dioxide reduction reactor, wherein the reduced oxygen carrier particle is supplied, supplied carbon dioxide is reacted to discharge carbon monoxide, and the reduced oxygen carrier particle is partially oxidized and supplied to the air reactor.

Cellular telephone with automatic redial

Method and apparatus for designing and testing audio codec by using white noise modeling

Provided is a method and apparatus for designing and testing an audio codec using quantization based on white noise modeling. A neural network-based audio encoder design method includes generating a quantized latent vector and a reconstructed signal corresponding to an input signal by using a white noise modeling-based quantization process, computing a total loss for training a neural network-based audio codec, based on the input signal, the reconstruction signal, and the quantized latent vector, training the neural network-based audio codec by using the total loss, and validating the trained neural network-based audio codec to select the best neural network-based audio codec.

Unified speech/audio codec (usac) processing windows sequence based mode switching

A Unified Speech and Audio Codec (USAC) that may process a window sequence based on mode switching is provided. The USAC may perform encoding or decoding by overlapping between frames based on a folding point when mode switching occurs. The USAC may process different window sequences for each situation to perform encoding or decoding, and thereby may improve a coding efficiency.

Apparatus and method for removing noise

A method of removing noise from a two-channel signal includes receiving channel signals constituting the two-channel signal; obtaining a noise signal for each channel by removing a target signal from each channel signal by subtracting another channel signal multiplied by a weighted value from each channel signal; estimating a power spectral density (PSD) of diffuse noise from each channel signal; obtaining a target signal including an interference signal for each channel by removing the diffuse noise from each channel signal using the estimated PSD of the diffuse noise; obtaining the interference signal for each channel by removing the diffuse noise from the noise signal for each channel using the estimated PSD of the diffuse noise; and removing the interference signal from the target signal and the interference signal for each channel.

High-temperature and high-pressure system for desulfurisation and dehalogenation of gas

Method of dry-spinning para-aramid fiber

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing para-aramid fibers, which includes: spinning a polymeric solution containing aramid polymer in an organic solvent through a spinneret into an inert gas to partially remove the organic solvent contained in the spun fiber; contacting the spun fiber with conditioning solution, so as to maintain residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15%; and subjecting the treated fiber to drawing, washing and heating in a dry-spinning manner. The present invention may greatly reduce energy consumption and costs for recovery of the solvent, as compared to a conventional manufacturing method of aramid fiber in a wet-spinning manner. Further, the present invention may solve conventional problems such as corrosion of apparatus, deterioration of working environments, or the like, since a concentrated sulfuric acid solvent is not used in a spinning process. Still further, the present invention may conduct drawing and heating after maintaining the residual water in fiber in a range of 10 to 15% before drawing, thereby remarkably improving the strength and elastic modulus of the fiber.

Metal-organic frameworks and process of preparing the same

The present disclosure relates to a metal-organic framework and a method for preparing the same. In accordance with the present disclosure, a metal-organic framework having large specific surface area can be prepared and the prepared porous material exhibits high carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide adsorption characteristics at room temperature.

Apparatus for encoding and decoding of integrated speech and audio

Provided is an encoding apparatus for integrally encoding and decoding a speech signal and a audio signal, and may include: an input signal analyzer to analyze a characteristic of an input signal; a stereo encoder to down mix the input signal to a mono signal when the input signal is a stereo signal, and to extract stereo sound image information; a frequency band expander to expand a frequency band of the input signal; a sampling rate converter to convert a sampling rate; a speech signal encoder to encode the input signal using a speech encoding module when the input signal is a speech characteristics signal; a audio signal encoder to encode the input signal using a audio encoding module when the input signal is a audio characteristic signal; and a bitstream generator to generate a bitstream.

Encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus for transforming between modified discrete cosine transform-based coder and different coder

An encoding apparatus and a decoding apparatus in a transform between a Modified Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT)-based coder and a different coder are provided. The encoding apparatus may encode additional information to restore an input signal encoded according to the MDCT-based coding scheme, when switching occurs between the MDCT-based coder and the different coder. Accordingly, an unnecessary bitstream may be prevented from being generated, and minimum additional information may be encoded.

Speech signal processing apparatus and method for enhancing speech intelligibility

A speech signal processing apparatus and a speech signal processing method for enhancing speech intelligibility are provided. The speech signal processing apparatus includes an input signal gain determiner to determine a gain of an input signal based on a harmonic characteristic of a voiced speech, a voiced speech output unit to output a voiced speech in which a harmonic component is preserved by applying the gain to the input signal, a linear predictive coefficient determiner to determine a linear predictive coefficient based on the voiced speech, and an unvoiced speech preserver to preserve an unvoiced speech of the input signal based on the linear predictive coefficient.

LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)-based unified voice/audio encoding device

Disclosed is an LPC residual signal encoding/decoding apparatus of an MDCT based unified voice and audio encoding device. The LPC residual signal encoding apparatus analyzes a property of an input signal, selects an encoding method of an LPC filtered signal, and encode the LPC residual signal based on one of a real filterbank, a complex filterbank, and an algebraic code excited linear prediction (ACELP).