Visual presentation of multi-dimensional data sets

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Visual presentation of multi-dimensional data sets

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Distribution device

The invention relates to a distribution device (1) for distributing liquid over an underlying catalyst bed comprising a horizontal collection tray (2) provided with at least one gas chimney (3) for upward or downward passage of gas and with liquid dosing nozzles (4) for downward passage of liquid, wherein the gas chimney(s) (3) and liquid doing nozzles (4) are separate from each other and do not have the same longitudinal axis, and wherein each liquid dosing nozzle (4) comprises a concentrically arranged liquid passing hole (5) and splash plate (6), wherein the splash plate (6) is located below the liquid passing hole (5) and below the collection tray (2) such that there is a free fall distance for liquid of at least 100 mm between the hole (5) and the splash plate (6). The invention further relates to a reactor for hydroprocessing comprising such distribution device (1), the use of such reactor for hydroprocessing and a process for hydrocracking or hydrotreating in such reactor.

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Aperture Layout for Vapor-Liquid Contact Tray

A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus includes a tray having a plurality of apertures for passage of fluid through the tray. The apertures are arranged in a first group of three adjacent rows extending substantially parallel to a main liquid flow path of the tray. Apertures of the middle row are offset along the main liquid flow path on the tray from adjacent apertures of the other two rows to form a triangular pattern of adjacent apertures across the three adjacent rows. The apertures have a length and a width, each length is oriented substantially parallel to its row and each width is oriented substantially perpendicular to its row. Centers of adjacent apertures within each row are separated by a first spacing which is equal to or between 2.5 and 4.5 times the average length of the apertures in that row. Adjacent rows are separated by a second spacing which is equal to or between 1.5 and 2.5 times the average width of the apertures of the adjacent rows. 117-. (canceled)18. A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus for use in a separation column , said apparatus comprising a tray and a tray support , wherein:said tray support comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of: a ring, a partial ring, a bracket, or a flange underlying and supporting a circumferential region of the tray; a cross beam underlying and supporting a chordal region of the tray; and a tray panel forming a cross beam supporting a portion of an adjacent tray panel or panels of the tray;a plurality of support-area-aeration apertures are formed in the tray laterally adjacent to the tray support;one or more of the plurality of support-area-aeration apertures are at least partially covered by a cover, said cover positioned to interact with vapor passing through the support-area-aeration aperture such that greater than 50% of vapor passing through the support-area-aeration aperture is directed laterally across the tray and over an underlying tray support.19. The apparatus of claim 18 ...

Aperture layout for vapor-liquid contact tray

A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus includes a tray having a plurality of apertures for passage of fluid through the tray. The apertures are arranged in a first group of three adjacent rows extending substantially parallel to a main liquid flow path of the tray. Apertures of the middle row are offset along the main liquid flow path on the tray from adjacent apertures of the other two rows to form a triangular pattern of adjacent apertures across the three adjacent rows. The apertures have a length and a width, each length is oriented substantially parallel to its row and each width is oriented substantially perpendicular to its row. Centers of adjacent apertures within each row are separated by a first spacing which is equal to or between 2.5 and 4.5 times the average length of the apertures in that row. Adjacent rows are separated by a second spacing which is equal to or between 1.5 and 2.5 times the average width of the apertures of the adjacent rows.

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Aperture Layout for Vapor-Liquid Contact Tray

A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus includes a tray having a plurality of apertures for passage of fluid through the tray. The apertures are arranged in a first group of three adjacent rows extending substantially parallel to a main liquid flow path of the tray. Apertures of the middle row are offset along the main liquid flow path on the tray from adjacent apertures of the other two rows to form a triangular pattern of adjacent apertures across the three adjacent rows. The apertures have a length and a width, each length is oriented substantially parallel to its row and each width is oriented substantially perpendicular to its row. Centers of adjacent apertures within each row are separated by a first spacing which is equal to or between 2.5 and 4.5 times the average length of the apertures in that row. Adjacent rows are separated by a second spacing which is equal to or between 1.5 and 2.5 times the average width of the apertures of the adjacent rows. 1. A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus for use in a separation column , said apparatus comprising a tray having a plurality of apertures for passage of fluid through the tray , wherein:the apertures are arranged in a first group of three adjacent rows extending substantially parallel to a main liquid flow path of the tray,apertures of the middle row are offset along the main liquid flow path on the tray from adjacent apertures of the other two rows to form a triangular pattern of adjacent apertures across the three adjacent rows,the apertures have a length and a width, each length is oriented substantially parallel to its row and each width is oriented substantially perpendicular to its row,centers of adjacent apertures within each row are separated by a first spacing which is equal to or between 2.5 and 4.5 times the average length of the apertures in that row, andadjacent rows are separated by a second spacing which is equal to or between 1.5 and 2.5 times the average width of the apertures of the adjacent rows ...

Visual presentation of multi-dimensional data sets

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Aperture layout for vapor-liquid contact tray

A vapor-liquid contact tray apparatus includes a tray having a plurality of apertures for passage of fluid through the tray. The apertures are arranged in a first group of three adjacent rows extending substantially parallel to a main liquid flow path of the tray. Apertures of the middle row are offset along the main liquid flow path on the tray from adjacent apertures of the other two rows to form a triangular pattern of adjacent apertures across the three adjacent rows. The apertures have a length and a width, each length is oriented substantially parallel to its row and each width is oriented substantially perpendicular to its row. Centers of adjacent apertures within each row are separated by a first spacing which is equal to or between 2.5 and 4.5 times the average length of the apertures in that row. Adjacent rows are separated by a second spacing which is equal to or between 1.5 and 2.5 times the average width of the apertures of the adjacent rows.

Visual presentation of multi-dimensional data sets

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Visual presentation of multi-dimensional data sets

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results.

Method for applying onto a substrate a code obtained by printing conductive inks

A method for applying a code ( 36 ) onto a substrate ( 39 ) is described where the code ( 36 ) includes a plurality of code elements obtained by printing inks having specific conductive properties, wherein the digital information associated with the code can be extracted through the use of radio frequency by subjecting the code elements to an alternating or variable electric field. The method includes the steps of: making a polymeric structure ( 19 ) including a film ( 11 ) and at least one layer ( 32,34 ) of polymeric material; printing the code ( 36 ) onto the at least one layer ( 32,34 ) of polymeric material; applying an adhesive layer ( 38 ) onto the at least one layer ( 32,34 ) of polymeric material or onto the substrate ( 39 ); applying the polymeric structure ( 19 ) onto the substrate ( 39 ); and transferring the code ( 36 ) from the polymeric structure ( 19 ) to the substrate ( 39 ).

VISUAL PRESENTATION OF MULTI-DIMENTIONAL DATA SETS

Computer systems and methods may display multi-dimensional data sets in a dynamically-generated ocular view, which may show the relationship between data points in the different dimensions. For example, such a data set may include in one dimension results of one or more laboratory tests and, in another dimension, body systems or functions that the respective tests may relate to. The ocular view may depict the relationships between the tests and the systems. By being generated dynamically, moreover, the ocular view may be able to present this information for arbitrary sets of test results, without a template having been generated in advance to specify the layout of some particular combination of results. 1. A computerized method for visually presenting a multi-dimensional data set , the method being performed by a computer system that comprises one or more processors and one or more interfaces operatively coupled to at least one of the processors , the method comprising:receiving through at least one of the interfaces data that represents the multi-dimensional data set;responsive to receipt of the data, executing instructions on at least one of the processors to dynamically calculate layout data for an ocular view of the data set; andtransmitting through at least one of the interfaces information to cause an electronic display device to present the dynamically calculated ocular view of the data set.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein:the data set comprises a plurality of data points in a plurality of dimensions;the dimensions are ordered from lowest to highest; andeach data point comprises at least one value.3. The method of claim 2 , whereineach data point in each dimension other than the lowest is associated respectively with exactly one of the data points in the immediately lower dimension; andeach data point in each dimension other than the highest is associated respectively with one or more of the data points in the immediately higher dimension.4. The method of ...

Optical Switching Systems

We describe a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) reconfigurable optical switch, the switch comprising: a set of arrays of optical beam connections, each comprising an array of optical outputs and having an optical input to receive a WDM input optical signal; a first diffractive element to demultiplexed said WDM input optical signal into a plurality of demultiplexed optical input beams, and to disperse said demultiplexed optical input beams spatially along a first axis; first relay optics between said set of arrays of optical beam connections and said first diffractive element; and a reconfigurable holographic array comprising a 2D array of reconfigurable sub-holograms defining sub-hologram rows and columns; wherein said arrays of said set of arrays are at least one dimensional arrays extending spatially in a direction parallel to said first axis and arranged in a column defining a second axis orthogonal to said first axis; wherein said sub-hologram rows are aligned along said first axis, and wherein said sub-hologram columns are aligned along said second axis; wherein a number of said sub-hologram rows corresponds to a number of arrays in said set of arrays; and wherein each sub-hologram row is configured to receive a set of demultiplexed optical input beams at different carrier wavelengths demultiplexed from the optical input for the array of the set of arrays to which the row corresponds; wherein each of said sub-holograms in a sub-hologram row is reconfigurable to steer a respective wavelength channel of the WDM input signal for the array to which the sub-hologram row corresponds, towards a selected said optical output for the array; and wherein each said sub-hologram row is configured to steer the demultiplexed optical input beams for a respective array of the set of arrays of optical beam connections. 2. A WDM reconfigurable optical switch as claimed in wherein said arrays of optical outputs are 2D arrays claim 1 , and wherein each of said sub-holograms in a ...

STABLE PHOTORESIST COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING ORGANOSULPHUR COMPOUNDS

The present invention provides a photoresist composition Part A, comprising a carboxylic functional ethylenically unsaturated resin having an acid value equal to or greater than 10 mg KOH/g, and an organosulphur compound. The photoresist composition may further comprise a Part B, comprising a resin that may react with the carboxylic groups of Part A. The photoresist compositions are shelf-stable, alkali developable, and provide cured resists with improved surface- and through-cure, improved gloss, and reduced undercut and overcut. 1. An energy curable thermosetting resin composition comprising:a) a carboxylic functional ethylenically unsaturated resin; andb) an organosulphur compound;wherein the acid value of the composition is equal to or greater than 10 mg KOH/g; andwherein the composition is developable with an aqueous alkali solution, such that the uncured composition is removable by an aqueous alkali solution.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the organosulphur compound is a thiol or thioether.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the thiol is a mercaptan.6. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a resin that is reactive with the carboxylic acid of the carboxylic functional ethylenically unsaturated resin.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the resin that is reactive with the carboxylic acid of the carboxylic functional ethylenically unsaturated resin is selected from the group consisting of polyepoxides claim 6 , polyoxetane claim 6 , an aminoresin claim 6 , a blocked isocyanate claim 6 , polyoxazoline claim 6 , and polycarbodiimide.8. The composition of claim 6 , prepared as a 2-pack system claim 6 , wherein:a) Part A comprises a carboxylic functional ethylenically unsaturated resin and an organosulphur compound, wherein the acid value of Part A is equal to or greater than 10 mg KOH/g; andb) Part B comprises a resin that is reactive with the carboxylic acid of Part A.9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. The composition ...

PROCESS FOR MAKING A FABRIC LABEL CONTAINING ONE UNIQUE INFORMATION AND RESPECTIVE AUTHENTICATION PROCESS

Process for making a fabric label () containing one piece of unique information; characterized by comprising the following steps: 1. A process for making a fabric label containing one piece of unique information; said process comprising:providing a fabric piece comprising a first woven pattern made by a predetermined arrangement combination of weft threads with respect to warp threads;applying at least one second decorating pattern on said fabric piece to make at least one decoration for at least one label to be made;associating at least one piece of variable label identifying information with with each said label;detecting a reference image for each said second decorating pattern, assoicated with a label of the at least one label; each reference image being adapted to show the reciprocal position of each said second decorating pattern with respect to the first woven pattern; andstoring in a database said reference image or a resumptive parameter of said reference image.2. The process for making a fabric label according to claim 1 , wherein said applying at least one second decorating pattern comprises printing said at least one second decorating pattern on said fabric piece.3. The process for making a fabric label according to claim 1 , wherein said applying at least one second decorating pattern comprises:printing said at least one second decorating pattern on a medium; andtransferring, on said fabric piece, the printed at least one second decorating pattern.4. The process for making a fabric label according to claim 1 , wherein said storing comprises electronically storing each said second decorating pattern associated with a label of the at least one label and claim 1 , in conjunction with an associated piece of said at least one piece of variable label identifying information.5. The process for making a fabric label according to claim 1 , further comprising cutting said fabric piece to make at least one said label.6. The process for making a fabric label ...

METHOD FOR CODING AND DECODING INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH AN ITEM

A method for coding and decoding information () associated with an item includes the steps of coding the information () associated with the item through an encryption key () and a first encryption algorithm, so as to generate a code () associated with the information (), the code being realized through at least one material, typically an ink, having predefined electric properties () and being readable and decryptable by applying a variable electric field, and of applying the code () to the item, wherein the method generates encrypted information () which can be obtained by encrypting variable information () through a second encryption algorithm which uses, as an encryption key, the information () associated with the item, and applies the variable information () to the item or to a second item associated with the item. 1. A method for coding information associated with an item , comprising the steps of coding said information associated with said item through an encryption key and a first encryption algorithm , so as to generate a code associated with said information , said code being realized through at least one material having predefined electric properties and being readable and decryptable by applying a variable electric field , and of applying said code to said item , wherein encrypted information is generated which can be obtained by encrypting variable information through a second encryption algorithm which uses , as an encryption key , said information associated with said item , and in that said variable information is applied to said item or to a second item associated with said item.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said code is realized on the basis of a predefined graphic element.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said code is applied to said item through an analog or digital printing process.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said information associated with said item varies for each item claim 1 , or for a predetermined ...

PREFLASH ARRANGEMENTS AND FEEDSTOCK MULTIPLE INJECTION IN A PROCESS FOR DISTILLATION OF CRUDE OIL

The invention relates to a process for distillation of crude oils comprising i) passing a hydrocarbon crude oil into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the crude oil into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor, ii) passing the pre-flash liquid into a furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partially vaporize the preflash liquid, iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into the lower part of a distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions, iv) passing the preflash vapor into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of a stripping zone located below the introduction zone of the furnace effluent, and v) passing steam into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of the stripping zone, such that liquid furnace effluent is contacted with steam and preflash vapor in the stripping zone under conditions sufficient to strip the liquid furnace effluent. 1. A process for distillation of a crude oil comprisingi) passing a hydrocarbon crude oil into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the crude oil into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor,ii) passing the preflash liquid into a furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partially vaporize the preflash liquid,iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into the lower part of a distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions,iv) passing the preflash vapor into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of a stripping zone located below the introduction zone of the furnace effluent, andv) passing steam into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of the stripping zone, such that liquid furnace effluent is contacted with steam and preflash vapor in the stripping zone under conditions sufficient to strip the liquid furnace effluent.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the preflash vapor is passed directly into the distillation column claim 1 , bypassing the furnace.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein ...

CONTACT AND SEPARATION COLUMN AND TRAY

A contact and separation column () encasing a stack of one or more contact and separation cells (). Each cell comprises: —a tray () with gas flow openings () opening into contact and separation units (); —a downcomer () defining a liquid discharge; and —a liquid supply (). Each contact and separation unit () comprises an upstream contact zone () with liquid inlets (), and one or more downstream separation zones () provided with a swirler () and a top end with a gas outlet (). The cross-sectional area of the contact zone () is larger than the cross-sectional area of the cross-sectional areas of the one or more separation zones of the contact and separation unit in question (). Process for treating a gas with such a column. 28910. The contact and separation column of wherein the cross-sectional area of the contact zone ( claim 1 , ) is at least 50% larger than the cross-sectional area of a single separation zone ().389. The contact and separation column according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the cross-section of the contact zone ( claim 1 , ) is a square or rectangle.478910. The contact and separation column according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein a contact and separation unit () comprises a single contact zone ( claim 1 , ) and a plurality of separation zones ().51415. The contact and separation column according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the gas outlet () is bordered by a liquid flow deflector ().61510. The contact and separation column according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein the liquid flow deflectors () comprise a return skirt having a U-shaped radial cross section with an open side arranged over a top edge of the separation zone ().789. The contact and separation column according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , wherein at least part of the contact zones ( claim 1 , ) is filled with a packing material.816. The contact and separation column according to any ...

CONTACT AND SEPARATION COLUMN AND TRAY

A contact and separation column () encasing a stack of one or more contact and separation cells (). Each cell comprises: —a tray () with gas flow openings () opening into contact and separation units (); —a downcomer () defining a liquid discharge; and —a liquid supply (). Each contact and separation unit () comprises an upstream contact zone () with liquid inlets (), and one or more downstream separation zones () provided with a swirler () and a top end with a gas outlet (). The swirler () is located at a distance from the gas inlet of from 50 to 90% of the total length of the contact and separation zone. Process for treating a gas with such a column. 2. The contact and separation column of wherein contact zone has a larger cross-sectional area than the one or more separation zones.3. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein the volume of the contact zone is at least 50% larger than the joint volume of the separation zones of the contact and separation unit in question.4. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein the cross-section of the contact zone is a square or rectangle.5. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein a contact and separation unit comprises a single contact zone and a plurality of separation zones.6. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein the gas outlet is bordered by a liquid flow deflector.7. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein the liquid flow deflectors comprise a return skirt having a U-shaped radial cross section with an open side arranged over a top edge of the separation zone.8. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the contact zones is filled with a packing material.9. The contact and separation column according to claim 1 , wherein the downcomers in adjacent cells are offset relative to each other and wherein the liquid discharge of an upper contact and separation cell ...

PROCESS FOR VACUUM DISTILLATION OF A CRUDE HYDROCARBON STREAM

The invention relates to a process for vacuum distillation of a hydrocarbon stream comprising i) passing a hydrocarbon stream into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the hydrocarbon stream into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor, ii) passing the preflash liquid into a vacuum furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partly vaporize the preflash liquid, iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into a zone located in the lower part of a vacuum distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions, and iv) passing the preflash vapor into the vacuum distillation column into a further zone located in the lower part of the vacuum distillation column. The invention also relates to a high vacuum unit (HVU) configured to perform the vacuum distillation process. 1. A process for distillation of a hydrocarbon stream at vacuum comprising i) passing a hydrocarbon stream into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the hydrocarbon stream into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor , ii) passing the preflash liquid into a vacuum furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partly vaporize the preflash liquid , iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into a zone located in the lower part of a vacuum distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions , and iv) passing the preflash vapor into the vacuum distillation column into a further zone located in the lower part of the vacuum distillation column.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the further zone for introduction of the preflash vapor is located below the zone for introduction of the furnace effluent.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the further zone for introduction of the preflash vapor is located at the bottom of a stripping zone being located below the zone for introduction of the that the residue of the furnace effluent is contacted with preflash vapor in the stripping zone under conditions to strip the residue.4. The process ...

OPTICAL SWITCHING SYSTEMS

A wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) reconfigurable optical switch. The switch has a set of arrays of optical beam connections, each comprising an array of optical outputs and having an optical input to receive a WDM input optical signal; a first diffractive element to demultiplexed the WDM input optical signal into a plurality of demultiplexed optical input beams, and to disperse said demultiplexed optical input beams spatially along a first axis; first relay optics between the set of arrays of optical beam connections and the first diffractive element; and a reconfigurable holographic array comprising a 2D array of reconfigurable sub-holograms defining sub-hologram rows and columns. The arrays of said set of arrays and the sub-hologram rows and columns are arranged and aligned in particular ways so that wavelength channels of the WDM input signal for each array can be steered within the device towards a selected optical output 1. A wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) reconfigurable optical switch , the switch comprising:a set of arrays of optical beam connections, each comprising an array of optical outputs and having an optical input to receive a WDM input optical signal;a first diffractive element to demultiplex said WDM input optical signal into a plurality of demultiplexed optical input beams, and to disperse said demultiplexed optical input beams spatially along a first axis;first relay optics between said set of arrays of optical beam connections and said first diffractive element; anda reconfigurable holographic array comprising a 2D array of reconfigurable sub-holograms defining sub-hologram rows and columns;wherein said arrays of said set of arrays are at least one dimensional arrays extending spatially in a direction parallel to said first axis and arranged in a column defining a second axis orthogonal to said first axis;wherein said sub-hologram rows are aligned along said first axis, and wherein said sub-hologram columns are aligned along said ...

SECURITY FILM COMPRISING A RADIO FREQUENCY READABLE CODE

A security film () includes a film () onto which an electric code () is applied, which is obtained by way of at least one ink having particular electric properties, the electric code () including digital information that can be extracted by using radio frequency. 1. A security film comprising a film onto which an electric code is applied , which is obtained by means of at least one ink having particular electric properties , said electric code comprising digital information that can be extracted by using radio frequency.2. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said electric code is applied by using an analog printing technique.3. A security film according to claim 2 , wherein said analog printing technique comprises rotogravure printing claim 2 , offset printing and flexographic printing.4. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said electric code is applied by using a digital printing technique.5. A security film according to claim 2 , wherein said digital printing technique comprises ink jet printing and thermal transfer ribbon printing.6. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said electric code is applied by using a mechanical ablation technique.7. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said electric code is applied by using a chemical removal technique.8. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said security thread comprises a coating film arranged in a manner such that said electric code is protected by said coating film.9. A security film according to claim 8 , wherein said coating film is made of a polymeric or paper-based material.10. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said film is made of a paper-based or polymeric material.11. A security film according to claim 1 , wherein said film comprises prints claim 1 , decorations or holograms.12. A laminated sheet comprising a first layer of paper-based or polymeric material and a second layer of paper-based or polymeric material claim 1 , wherein a security film ...

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ALKYLENE GLYCOL

A process for the preparation of an alkylene glycol from an alkene is provided, along with an absorber apparatus. The process comprises: supplying a gas composition to an absorber comprising a column of vertically stacked trays, wherein each of the vertically stacked trays comprises: a perforated gas-liquid contacting member or members, a liquid inlet area, an outlet weir extending vertically above a surface of the tray at an opposite end of the tray from the liquid inlet area and having a height of at least 200 mm and at most 1500 mm, and a downcomer element which, in cooperation with an inner surface of a wall of the column, forms a downcomer for the passage of liquid downwardly to the liquid inlet area of an adjacent vertically stacked tray below, and allowing the gas composition to pass upwards through the alkylene oxide absorber. 1. A process for the preparation of an alkylene glycol from an alkene comprising: a perforated gas-liquid contacting member or members,', 'a liquid inlet area,', 'an outlet weir extending vertically above a surface of the tray at an opposite end of the tray from the liquid inlet area and having a height of at least 200 mm and at most 1500 mm, and', 'a downcomer element which, in cooperation with an inner surface of a wall of the column, forms a downcomer for the passage of liquid downwardly to the liquid inlet area of an adjacent vertically stacked tray below, and', 'allowing the gas composition to pass upwards through the alkylene oxide absorber;, '(a) supplying a gas composition comprising alkylene oxide, alkene, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour to the bottom of an alkylene oxide absorber that comprises a column of vertically stacked trays, wherein each of the vertically stacked trays comprises(b) supplying lean absorbent to the top of the alkylene oxide absorber and allowing the lean absorbent to pass downwards through the alkylene oxide absorber;(c) intimately contacting the gas composition with lean absorbent on the trays ...

Method and apparatus for suction alignment

A method of aligning a first and a second structure, the first structure comprising one or more first surface relief features and a channel system communicating with a surface of the first structure at one or more of the first surface relief features, the second structure comprising one or more second surface relief features shaped complementarily to the first surface relief features; the method comprising: generating suction in the channel system to draw the first and second structures together in a drawing direction; wherein, when the first and second structures are drawn together, the interaction between one or more of the first surface relief features and one or more of the second surface relief features aligns the structures in a plane perpendicular to the drawing direction such that the first and second surface relief features mate.

Hybrid Contact Tray for a Mass Transfer Column

A hybrid contact tray for a mass transfer column is provided. The contact tray includes a tray deck for passage of liquid along a liquid flow path thereon. The tray deck has a plurality of orifices for passage of ascending vapor through the tray deck, a cross-current vapor-liquid mixing section having a first portion of the plurality of orifices, and a co-current vapor-liquid mixing section comprising at least one co-current mixing device associated with a second portion of the plurality of orifices. The tray deck also has means for altering liquid head levels with respect to the plurality of orifices such that the liquid head level within the co-current vapor-liquid mixing section is greater than the liquid head level within the cross-current vapor-liquid mixing section. 119.-. (canceled)20. A hybrid contact tray for a mass transfer column , the hybrid contact tray comprising:a tray deck for passage of liquid along a liquid flow path thereon, the tray deck having a plurality of orifices for passage of ascending vapor through the tray deck;a cross-current vapor-liquid mixing section having a first portion of the plurality of orifices;a co-current vapor-liquid mixing section comprising at least one co-current mixing device associated with a second portion of the plurality of orifices; andmeans for altering liquid head levels with respect to the plurality of orifices such that the liquid head level within the co-current vapor-liquid mixing section is greater than the liquid head level within the cross-current vapor-liquid mixing section.21. The hybrid contact tray according to claim 20 , wherein the co-current vapor-liquid mixing device comprises a conduit having: a vapor inlet in fluid communication with one or more of the second portion of orifices; a froth inlet in fluid communication with the liquid flow path along the tray deck; a fluid outlet; and a co-current flow path of vapor and liquid within the conduit disposed after the vapor and froth inlets and before ...

Stable photoresist compositions comprising organosulphur compounds

CONTACT AND SEPARATION COLUMN, PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GAS WITH A LIQUID

COLUNA E PRATO DE CONTATO E DE SEPARAÇÃO, PROCESSO PARA O TRATAMENTO DE GÁS COM UM LÍQUIDO. Uma coluna de contato e de separação (1) que encerra uma pilha de uma ou mais células de contato e de separação (3). Cada célula compreende: - um prato (4) com as aberturas de fluxo de gás (6) que se abre para as unidades de contato e de separação (7); - um tubo descendente (16) que define uma descarga de líquido, e - um suprimento de líquido (17). Cada unidade de contato e de separação (7) compreende uma zona de contato a montante (8, 9) com entradas de líquido (12), e uma ou mais zonas de separação a jusante (10) fornecidas com um turbilhonador (13) e uma extremidade superior, com uma saída de gás (14). O turbilhonador (13) está localizado em uma distância a partir da entrada de gás de 50 a 90% do comprimento total da zona de contato e de separação. Processo para o tratamento de um gás com uma tal coluna. COLUMN AND CONTACT AND SEPARATION PLATE, PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF GAS WITH A LIQUID. A contact and separation column (1) that encloses a stack of one or more contact and separation cells (3). Each cell comprises: - a plate (4) with gas flow openings (6) that opens to the contact and separation units (7); - a downpipe (16) defining a liquid discharge, and - a liquid supply (17). Each contact and separation unit (7) comprises an upstream contact zone (8, 9) with liquid inlets (12), and one or more downstream separation zones (10) provided with a tumbler (13) and an upper end with a gas outlet (14). The tumbler (13) is located at a distance from the gas inlet of 50 to 90% of the total length of the contact and separation zone. Process for treating a gas with such a column.

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam (10) suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing (18) which, in profile, has a laterally extending base (12) for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element (14) upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion (16). The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam (10) has a length defined by a first end (24) and a second end (26, 28). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations (32, 34) for engagement with corresponding formations (38, 40) on an end of an adjacent beam (10') so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other.

Cephalosporin betaines

Electroless deposition

An aqueous liquor for use as an electroless gold deposition bath, which comprises a source of gold (eg. an alkali metal gold cyanide) and a reducing agent (eg. an alkali metal borohydride), is stabilised by the incorporation of a mixture of an alkali metal or ammonium ferrocyanide and an alkali metal or ammonium ferricyanide or the incorporation of 1-H-tetrazole or another redox mediator. The liquor will in general also contain an alkali metal cyanide and may contain a chelating agent (eg. EDTA) and an accelerator (eg. thallium sulfate).

Olefin oligomerisation

ELECTRODEPOSITION BATH OF A ROSE GOLD ALLOY, ITS APPLICATION TO OBTAINING AN ELECTROLYTIC DEPOSIT AND THE DEPOSIT OBTAINED

ELECTRODEPOSITION D'UN ALLIAGE D'OR DUR, BRILLANT, NON POREUX, DUCTILE, DE COULEUR ROSE, AU MOYEN D'UN BAIN AQUEUX EXEMPT DE CYANURES, CONTENANT 4 A 20GL D'OR, 0,1 A 3,0GL DE CUIVRE, 0,2 A 5,0GL DE PALLADIUM, 5 A 200GL D'ION SULFITE LIBRE, 0 A 150GL D'UN OU PLUSIEURS AGENTS TAMPONS ETOU SELS CONDUCTEURS, 0,001 A 0,5GL D'UN ELEMENT DE BRILLANTAGE CHOISI PARMI AS, SB OU TH, 0,01 A 5,0GL D'UN SURFACTIF, ET DE L'EAU. LE BAIN A UN PH D'ENVIRON 9,5, ET LE DEPOT S'EFFECTUE SOUS UNE DENSITE DE COURANT DE 0,1 A 1,5ADM, A 40-80C. LE DEPOT D'OR ROSE EST UTILISABLE NOTAMMENT POUR LA DECORATION DES MONTURES DE LUNETTES. ELECTRODEPOSITION OF A HARD GOLD ALLOY, BRILLIANT, NON POROUS, DUCTILE, OF PINK COLOR, BY MEANS OF AN AQUEOUS BATH FREE OF CYANIDES, CONTAINING 4 TO 20GL OF GOLD, 0.1 TO 3.0GL OF COPPER, 0.2 TO 5.0GL OF PALLADIUM, 5 TO 200GL OF FREE SULPHITE ION, 0 TO 150GL OF ONE OR MORE BUFFERS AND OR CONDUCTIVE SALTS, 0.001 TO 0.5GL OF A SHINING ELEMENT CHOSEN FROM AS, SB OR TH, 0.01 TO 5.0GL OF A SURFACTANT, AND WATER. THE BATH HAS A PH OF APPROXIMATELY 9.5, AND THE DEPOSIT IS PERFORMED AT A CURRENT DENSITY OF 0.1 TO 1.5ADM, AT 40-80C. THE ROSE GOLD DEPOSIT CAN BE USED IN PARTICULAR FOR THE DECORATION OF GLASS FRAMES.

Cyclonic liquid degassing separator and method for degassing a fluid mixture

A method and cyclonic separator are disclosed for degassing a fluid mixture comprising a carrier liquid and gaseous and/or vaporizable components, wherein: the fluid mixture is accelerated in a throat section (6, 21) of a vortex tube (1, 20) such that the static pressure of the fluid mixture is decreased and vaporizable components evaporate into a gaseous phase and the fluid mixture flows as a substantially homogeneously dispersed gas-liquid mixture through the throat section; the accelerated fluid mixture is induced to swirl within a tubular mid section of the vortex tube such that the fluid mixture is separated by centrifugal forces into a degassed liquid fraction and a gas enriched fraction; the degassed liquid fraction is induced to flow into a annular liquid outlet conduit (4, 21); and the gas enriched fraction is induced to flow into a central gas outlet conduit(3, 24). An advantage of inducing the fluid mixture to flow as a substantially homogeneously dispersed gas-liquid mixture through the throat section is that the velocity of sound in such a mixture is low, thereby increasing the Mach number and the pressure reduction in the throat section and enhancing evaporation of gas bubbles in the mixture.

Contact and separation column and tray

A contact and separation column (1) encasing a stack of one or more contact and separation cells (3). Each cell comprises: - a tray (4) with gas flow openings (6) opening into contact and separation units (7); - a downcomer (16) defining a liquid discharge; and - a liquid supply (17). Each contact and separation unit (7) comprises an upstream contact zone (8, 9) with liquid inlets (12), and one or more downstream separation zones (10) provided with a swirler (13) and a top end with a gas outlet (14). The swirler (13) is located at a distance from the gas inlet of from 50 to 90 % of the total length of the contact and separation zone. Process for treating a gas with such a column.

Process for vacuum distillation of a crude hydrocarbon stream

The invention relates to a process for vacuum distillation of a hydrocarbon stream comprising i) passing a hydrocarbon stream into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the hydrocarbon stream into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor, ii) passing the preflash liquid into a vacuum furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partly vaporize the preflash liquid, iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into a zone located in the lower part of a vacuum distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions, and iv) passing the preflash vapor into the vacuum distillation column into a further zone located in the lower part of the vacuum distillation column. The invention also relates to a high vacuum unit (HVU) configured to perform the vacuum distillation process.

CYCLONIC LIQUID DEGASIFICATION METHOD AND SEPARATOR TO DEGASIFY A FLUID MIXTURE

MéTODO E SEPARADOR CICLÈNICO DE DESGASEIFICAçãO DE LìQUIDO PARA DESGASEIFICAR UMA MISTURA FLUIDA. Um método e um separador ciclónico são divulgados para desgaseificar uma mistura fluida que compreende um líquido carreador e componentes gasosos e/ou vaporizáveis no qual: a mistura fluida é acelerada em uma seção de estrangulamento (6, 21) de um tubo de vórtice (1, 20) de tal modo que a pressão estática da mistura fluida seja diminuída, e componentes vaporizáveis evaporam para uma fase gasosa e a mistura fluida escoa como uma mistura substancialmente dispersa de maneira homogênea de gás-líquido através da seção de estrangulamento; a mistura fluida acelerada é induzida para movimento de redemoinl-io dentro de uma seção intermediária tubular do tubo de vórtice de tal modo que a mistura fluida seja separada por meio de forças centrifugas em uma fração líquida desgaseificada e uma fração enriquecida com gás; a fração líquida desgaseificada é induzida a escoar para um conduto de saída de líquido anelar (4, 21) e a fração enriquecida com um gás é induzida a escoar para um conduto de saída de gás central (3, 24). Uma vantagem de induzir a mistura fluida a escoar como uma mistura de gás-líquido dispersa de maneira substancialmente homogênea através da seção de estrangulamento, é que a velocidade do som em tal mistura é baixa, aumentando com isto o número Mach e a redução de pressão na seção de estrangulamento e aprimorando evaporação de bolhas de gás na mistura. METHOD AND CYCLONIC LIQUID GASIFICATION SEPARATOR FOR GASING A FLUID MIXTURE. A method and a cyclonic separator is disclosed for degassing a fluid mixture comprising a carrier liquid and gaseous and / or vaporizable components in which: the fluid mixture is accelerated into a choke section (6, 21) of a vortex tube (1). 20) such that the static pressure of the fluid mixture is decreased, and vaporizable components evaporate to a gas phase and the fluid mixture flows as a substantially homogeneously dispersed mixture of ...

Process and apparatus for the preparation of alkylene glycol

A process for the preparation of an alkylene glycol from an alkene comprising steps of: a) supplying a gas composition to an alkylene oxide absorber through a gas inlet, the absorber comprising an absorption section and a sump, and allowing the gas composition to pass upwards; b) supplying a lean absorbent to the top of the absorption section and allowing the lean absorbent to pass downwards; c) intimately contacting the gas composition with lean absorbent in the absorption section in the presence of one or more catalysts that promote carboxylation and hydrolysis; and d) withdrawing fat absorbent from the absorption section and passing the fat absorbent and any liquid condensate through the sump, wherein the sump comprises one or more baffles that define a flow pathway from a sump inlet to a sump outlet between the one or more baffles.

Improvements in or relating to the production of ª‰-ionone

In a process for the cyclization of pseudoionone in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to yield substantially b -ionone, diisopropyl ether is employed as diluent. Examples are furnished in some of which a -ionone is produced as a by-product.

Process for the production of betaines

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam (10), suitable for temporary or permanent use on a road, comprises a base (12) for contact with the road; and a central wall (14) and a top section (16). The central wall extends upwardly from the base and tapers from the base toward the top section. The central wall has a length defined by a first end (24) and a second end (26, 28). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations (32, 34) for engagement with corresponding respective formations (38, 40) on an end of another beam (10') for interlocking the beams to one another to facilitate self-alignment of the beams

Crash barrier beam

Crash barrier beam

CRASH BARRIER BEAM A crash barrier beam 10 suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing 18 which, in profile, has a laterally extending base 12 for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element 14 upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion 16. The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam 10 has a length defined by a first end 24 and a second end 26, 28. At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations 32, 34 for engagement with corresponding formations 38, 40 on an end of an adjacent beam 10' so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other. [Figure 6] Q Ch Ic -I -- - )C -~

Process forthe hydrodimerisation of mono-olefinic compounds

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam (10) suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing (18) which, in profile, has a laterally extending base (12) for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element (14) upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion (16). The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam (10) has a length defined by a first end (24) and a second end (26, 28). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations (32, 34) for engagement with corresponding formations (38, 40) on an end of an adjacent beam (10') so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other.

Aperture layout for vapor-liquid contact tray

Cyclonic liquid degassing separator and method for degassing a fluid mixture

A method and cyclonic separator are disclosed for degassing a fluid mixture comprising a carrier liquid and gaseous and/or vaporizable components, wherein: the fluid mixture is accelerated in a throat section (6, 21) of a vortex tube (1, 20) such that the static pressure of the fluid mixture is decreased and vaporizable components evaporate into a gaseous phase and the fluid mixture flows as a substantially homogeneously dispersed gas-liquid mixture through the throat section; the accelerated fluid mixture is induced to swirl within a tubular mid section of the vortex tube such that the fluid mixture is separated by centrifugal forces into a degassed liquid fraction and a gas enriched fraction; the degassed liquid fraction is induced to flow into a annular liquid outlet conduit (4, 21); and the gas enriched fraction is induced to flow into a central gas outlet conduit(3, 24). An advantage of inducing the fluid mixture to flow as a substantially homogeneously dispersed gas-liquid mixture through the throat section is that the velocity of sound in such a mixture is low, thereby increasing the Mach number and the pressure reduction in the throat section and enhancing evaporation of gas bubbles in the mixture.

Contact and separation column and tray

A contact and separation column (1) encasing a stack of one or more contact and separation cells (3). Each cell comprises: - a tray (4) with gas flow openings (6) opening into contact and separation units (7); - a downcomer (16) defining a liquid discharge; and - a liquid supply (17). Each contact and separation unit (7) comprises an upstream contact zone (8, 9) with liquid inlets (12), and one or more downstream separation zones (10) provided with a swirler (13) and a top end with a gas outlet (14). The swirler (13) is located at a distance from the gas inlet of from 50 to 90 % of the total length of the contact and separation zone. Process for treating a gas with such a column.

Progressive power ophthalmic lenses

An opthalmic lens has a distance viewing region, a near vision region and a progressively varying optical power between these regions. The primary progression line is not umbilical i.e. the vertical power does not equal the horizontal power at all points along its length. The difference between the powers initially increases at the beginning of the progression region then the powers converge so that they are equal at a point in the near vision region.

Improved compounds for protein binding

Novel protein binding compounds of Formula (III): W-X-Y-(Z)n in which Y is a branching moiety, Z represents a polydentate ligand chelating agent that coordinates a metal ion; X is a spacer moiety; n is an integer of at least 2 and W is a group that allows for attachment to another molecules, attachment to surfaces, or insertion into membranes.

LABEL IN FABRIC, CONTAINING A UNIQUE INFORMATION AND PROCESS TO REALIZE IT

Gold electroplating bath

An acid gold electroplating bath contains gold in an electrodepositable form, (e.g. potassium gold cyanide), together with 3-(3-pyridyl) acrylic acid or 3-(3-quinolyl) acrylic acid, and optionally a metallic additive. The metallic additive is preferably a cobalt, nickel or iron salt.

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam (10), suitable for temporary or permanent use on a road, comprises a base (12) for contact with the road; and a central wall (14) and a top section (16). The central wall extends upwardly from the base and tapers from the base toward the top section. The central wall has a length defined by a first end (24) and a second end (26, 28). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations (32, 34) for engagement with corresponding respective formations (38, 40) on an end of another beam (10') for interlocking the beams to one another to facilitate self-alignment of the beams

Compasses

ABSTRACT Previously proposed solid state compasses using Hall-effect magnetic field sensing elements are not generally useful in a context, such as on board an aircraft, where the compass may be subject to large changes in attitude relative to a horizontal plane and may be movable with respect to the earth in three dimensions. The compass disclosed herein comprises three orthogonally arranged Hall-effect devices for forming signals indicative of components of the Earth's magnetic field along the axes of an axis system fiexed with respect to the compass, and a computer arranged to receive these signals and to receive signals, for example from the navigation system of an aircraft on which the compass is installed, indicative of the attitude of the axis system relative to the horizontal, the computer being programmed to calculate from these signals a true heading angle. By this means, the compass can remain operable even during say dynamic manoeuvering of an aircraft on which it is installed.

GULDGALVANOPLAETERINGSBAD.

An acid gold electroplating bath contains gold in an electrodepositable form, (e.g. potassium gold cyanide), together with 3-(3-pyridyl) acrylic acid or 3-(3-quinolyl) acrylic acid, and optionally a metallic additive. The metallic additive is preferably a cobalt, nickel or iron salt.

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam ( 10 ) suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing ( 18 ) which, in profile, has a laterally extending base ( 12 ) for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element ( 14 ) upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion ( 16 ). The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam ( 10 ) has a length defined by a first end ( 24 ) and a second end ( 26, 28 ). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations ( 32, 34 ) for engagement with corresponding formations ( 38, 40 ) on an end of an adjacent beam ( 10 ′) so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other.

Crash barrier beam

A crash barrier beam ( 10 ) suitable for temporary placement on a road comprises a housing ( 18 ) which, in profile, has a laterally extending base ( 12 ) for contact with the road. The beam has a narrower central element ( 14 ) upwardly extending from the base that terminates in a top portion ( 16 ). The exterior of the housing provides a continuous impact surface to an oncoming vehicle and the profile provides stability to the beam on impact. The crash barrier beam ( 10 ) has a length defined by a first end ( 24 ) and a second end ( 26, 28 ). At least one of the first and second ends comprises formations ( 32, 34 ) for engagement with corresponding formations ( 38, 40 ) on an end of an adjacent beam ( 10 ′) so as to facilitate joining of the beams to one another. The formations are configured for the beams to be substantially self-aligning with respect to each other.

GOLD ELECTROPLATING BATH.

An acid gold electroplating bath contains gold in an electrodepositable form, (e.g. potassium gold cyanide), together with 3-(3-pyridyl) acrylic acid or 3-(3-quinolyl) acrylic acid, and optionally a metallic additive. The metallic additive is preferably a cobalt, nickel or iron salt.

Liquid crystal device

A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device is disclosed which comprises assembling together, in a layered structure, a pair of pre-shaped transparent plastic substrates (1, 1'), and a pair of transparent plastic films (5, 5') carrying a pair of conductive coatings (6, 6'). A plurality of spacers (9) are disposed between the plastic films and a partial adhesive seal (8) is provided around and/or between the films to provide a cavity therebetween. The cavity (7) is filled with a fluent liquid crystal mixture (7') or precursor mixture which is polymerisable to polymeric/liquid crystal composite material. The cavity is sealed to retain the liquid crystal mixture or composite material therein. At least one layer (4, 4') of a resilient transparent adhesive is disposed between two of the other layers of the device to enable the cell to be conformed to the required shape.

Antibiotics

Dynamically updating ecommerce basket

A method of providing an enhanced user basket is disclosed. In some implementations, the user basket is a universal basket that may include items from one or more retailers. The user basket may be implemented on a variety of user devices such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, desktop, or the like. The user basket may be shared from a user to one or more other users. The method includes intercepting a user request for an internet destination provided to a user device; adding a first item displayed at the internet destination to a user basket; determining a first attribute of the first item; determining a second item having a second attribute related to the first attribute; and providing the second item to the user.

Preflash arrangements and feedstock multiple injection in a process for distillation of crude oil

The invention relates to a process for distillation of crude oils comprising i) passing a hydrocarbon crude oil into a preflash vessel maintained under conditions to separate the crude oil into a preflash liquid and a preflash vapor, ii) passing the pre-flash liquid into a furnace maintained under conditions to heat and partially vaporize the preflash liquid, iii) passing the heated furnace effluent into the lower part of a distillation column maintained under fractionating conditions, iv) passing the preflash vapor into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of a stripping zone located below the introduction zone of the furnace effluent, and v) passing steam into the distillation column in a zone at the bottom of the stripping zone, such that liquid furnace effluent is contacted with steam and preflash vapor in the stripping zone under conditions sufficient to strip the liquid furnace effluent.

High temperature reactor with reduced silo height

A nuclear reactor comprising: a core of nuclear fuel having a height; a pressure vessel surrounding the core of nuclear fuel to allow circulation of gas there through; a set of neutron-absorbing control rods movable for insertion and withdrawal into and out of the core along a respective axis for control of a nuclear reaction in the core, each of the neutron-absorbing control rods comprising mutually sliding elements moving relative to each other between an extended position separated along the axis in a first direction over a first length and a compacted position overlapping over a second length less than the first length and less than 51% of the core height; and a control rod mechanism communicating with the control rods to move them for insertion and withdraw into and out of the core.

Contact and separation column and tray

A contact and separation column comprising a column wall encasing a stack of one or more contact and separation cells, wherein each cell comprises: • - a tray (4) with a number of gas flow openings (6) opening into one or more contact and separation units positioned on an upper side of the tray (4), wherein each contact and separation unit comprises an upstream contact zone (8) with liquid inlets (12), and one or more downstream separation zones (10) provided with a swirler and a top end with a gas outlet; • - a downcomer (16) defining a liquid discharge; and • - a liquid supply (17) for supplying liquid to the contact and separation cell, wherein the wall of one or more separation zones (10) have a plurality of discharge openings (18) extending through the wall to allow fluid to pass through the wall from within the separation zone (10), and process for treating a gas in such a column.

Zyklonischer flüssigkeitsentgasungsseparator und verfahren zur entgasung einer fluidmischung

Optical switch

An optical switch comprising: a first demultiplexer (diffraction grating) 405a that separates input light 401 into its component frequency channels to be incident on a first programmable deflection plane 408; beam steering optical element group 409 that deflects beams from the first programmable deflection plane to a second programmable deflection plane 414; and a first multiplexer (diffraction grating) 405b that combines the beams from the second programmable deflection plane into combined signals incident on the output ports 402. The first and second programmable deflection planes may be first and second regions on a single spatial light modulator (SLM) panel. If a non-inverted image is required on the second programable deflection plane the multiplexer and demultiplexer are made identical and the beam steering optical element group comprises four optical elements (lenses) 410, 411, 413, 415 that directs incoming beams onto a mirrored beam steering optical device 412 and out onto the second programable deflection plane. If an inverted image is required on the second programable deflection plane the multiplexer and demultiplexer are made opposite and the beam steering optical element group comprises two optical elements (lenses) (710, 715, Fig.7). The optical switch may be used in a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) optical switch (Fig.10).

Processo para a preparação de um alquilenoglicol a partir de um alqueno, e, aparelho absorvedor para a absorção reativa de uma composição de gás

PROCESSO PARA A PREPARAÇÃO DE UM ALQUILENOGLICOL, E, APARELHO ABSORVEDOR. Trata-se de um processo para a preparação de um alquilenoglicol a partir de um alqueno que compreende as etapas de: a) fornecer uma composição de gás a um absorvedor de óxido de alquileno através de uma entrada de gás, em que o absorvedor compreende uma seção de absorção e um reservatório, e permitir que a composição de gás passe para cima; b) fornecer um absorvente pobre ao topo da seção de absorção e permitir que o absorvente pobre passe para baixo; c) colocar a composição de gás em contato íntimo com o absorvente pobre na seção de absorção na presença de um ou mais catalisadores que promovem a carboxilação e a hidrólise; e d) retirar o absorvente de gordura da seção de absorção e passar o absorvente de gordura e qualquer condensado líquido através do reservatório, em que o reservatório compreende um ou mais defletores que definem um caminho de fluxo de uma entrada do reservatório para uma saída do reservatório entre os um ou mais defletores.

Optical switch utilising optical beam steering

An optical switch comprising a set of input ports and a set of output ports, each input and output port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel. The switch comprises a first programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident on it from the set of input ports to form a deflected array of beams, and a second programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident on it towards the set of output ports. The switch also comprises a beam steering optical device positioned in the optical path between the first and second programmable deflection planes, configured to remap the deflected array of beams to form a remapped array of beams directed to the second programmable deflection plane, by changing the spatial positioning and/or orientation of each beam from the deflected array of beams in the remapped array of beams such that the spatial positioning and/or orientation of at least one beam of the deflected array of beams is changed differently to at least one other beam of the deflected array of beams.

Optical switch

An optical switch comprising: a set of first input ports, each first input port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; a set of first output ports, each first output port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; a first programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident on it to form a first deflected array of beams; a second programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident on it to form a second deflected array of beams; a first demultiplexer configured to separate light from the set of first input ports into its component frequency channels to form the beams incident on the first programmable deflection plane; a first multiplexer configured to combine the second deflected array of beams from the second programmable deflection plane into combined signals incident on the set of first output ports; and a beam steering optical element group configured to transfer the first deflected array of beams from the first programmable deflection plane to the beams incident on the second programmable deflection plane. The incidence normal of the first programmable deflection plane is within the same hemispherical angular area as the incidence normal of the second programmable deflection plane. The dispersion direction in the dispersion plane of spectra of the beams formed on the second programmable deflection plane with respect to the diffraction order of the first multiplexer is such that the combined signals from the first multiplexer match the set of first output ports.

Optical switch utilising gap optics

An optical switch comprising sets of input and output ports, each input and output port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel. The switch comprises a first programmable deflection plane configured to deflect images incident on it from the set of input ports, and a second programmable deflection plane configured to deflect first and second sets of beams incident on it from the first programmable deflection plane towards the set of output ports. The switch also comprises an optical structure positioned in the optical path between the first and second programmable deflection planes at an image plane of the first programmable deflection plane, configured to enable the deflected first and second sets of beams from the second programmable deflection plane to be directed to the set of output ports through a gap in the images projected on the image plane.

Road barrier indication unit

An indication unit 100 for attachment to a road barrier comprises a first portion 106 comprising a visual indicator 102 for indicating the presence and/or location of the barrier to a road user. A second portion 108 comprises at least one magnet for coupling the indicator to a surface of the barrier. The first and second portions may be provided in respective first and second planes which are perpendicular. The second portion may comprise a removal feature 120 in the form of a recess to facilitate detachment of the indication unit from the barrier. The recess may extend from a sidewall 122 of the second portion so that it is accessible when the indicator unit is attached to the barrier. The second portion may include a battery recharged by a solar cell 126, and the visual indicator may comprise an LED and/or reflector. A controller may be used to control the provision of electrical power to the visual indicator from the battery. Also claimed is a barrier comprising a road barrier indication unit.

Multiple-way valve

Process for making a fabric label containing one unique information and respective authentication process

Process for making a fabric label (10) containing one piece of unique information; characterized by comprising the following steps: providing a fabric piece (7) comprising a first woven pattern (2) made by a predetermined arrangement combination of weft threads with respect to the warp threads; applying at least one second decorating pattern (4) on said fabric piece (7) to make at least one decoration for a label (10) to be made; associating at least one piece of variable information (5) adapted to uniquely identify a label (10) to be made; detecting a reference image (12) for every second decorating pattern (4), associated with a label (10) to be made; each reference image (12) being adapted to show the reciprocal position of every second decorating pattern (4) with respect to the first woven pattern (2); storing the picture in an association database (14).

Verteilervorrichtung

Improvements in or relating tothe casting of aluminium-tin alloys

Procedimento per l elettrodeposizio ne di una lega d oro rosa

Reordering application code to improve processing performance

A method of reordering a sequence of code for processing by a target data processor in order to reduce an execution time for said code on said target data processor is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of: in response to a request to execute said sequence of code, loading said sequence of code into a volatile data store associated with said target data processor; analyzing said sequence of code in relation to properties of said target data processor; identifying interlocks within said sequence of code when executing on said target data processor, in which a portion of code would be stalled while waiting for an earlier portion to complete; reordering said sequence of code to remove at least some of said interlocks; and executing said reordered sequence of code; wherein said steps of analyzing, identifying, reordering and executing are performed by said target data processor.

Water temperature calculator for bakery products

Procedimento per l elettrodeposizio ne di una lega d oro bianco

Optical switch

An optical switch 400 comprising first and second programmable deflection planes 408, 418 to deflect beams of an optical signal to form first and second respective deflected beam arrays. A demultiplexer 405a separates light from a set of input ports 401 into component frequency channels to form incident beams on the first deflection plane. A multiplexer 405b combines the second beam array from the second deflection plane and transports the signal to a set of output ports 402. A beam steering optical element group 409 transfers the first deflected beam array from the first deflection plane to the second plane. The incidence normal of the first deflection plane is within the same angular area as the incidence normal of the second deflection plane. The dispersion direction of the second deflection beams allows the combined signals to match with the set of outputs. The optical switch may comprise mirrors, at least one lens assembly and be part of a reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM). The multiplexer and demultiplexer, which may be diffraction gratings, may exhibit opposite dispersion directions. The path between the deflection planes may be of variable optical power and comprise a polarising beam splitter and a Faraday rotator.

Optical switch utilising gap optics

Optical switch utilising optical beam steering

Efficient use of a co-processor in a platform independent instruction machine

A data processing method for processing a sequence of platform independent instructions on a data processing apparatus comprising a CPU and at least one further processor is disclosed. The data processing method comprises the steps of: (i) within said CPU translating an instruction from said sequence of instructions into code suitable for processing by one of said at least one further processors and outputting said code to said one further processor; (ii) receiving said code and receiving associated data at said one further processor said received associated data in response to said received code to generate resultant data; (iii) within said CPU checking a subsequent instruction to see if it is one of a predetermined type of instruction; and (iva) in response to said subsequent instruction being one of said predetermined type, translating said instruction into code specifying at least one operation to be performed by said one further processor on resultant data from said previous instruction and outputting said code from said CPU to said one further processor; or (ivb) in response to said subsequent instruction not being one of said predetermined type outputting said resultant data from said one processor to said CPU and storing said resultant data in said CPU prior to translating said subsequent instruction.

Improvements in or relating tothe casting of aluminium-tin alloys

Optical switch

Production of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons

Production of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons

Verfahren zum Chlorieren von Kohlenwasserstoff

Optical switch utilising attenuation

An optical switch comprising an input port and a set of output ports, each input and output port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel. The switch comprises a programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams of spatially separated frequency channels incident on it from the input port to form a deflected array of beams, and a programmable attenuation plane configured to attenuate beams of spatially separated frequency channels incident on it towards the set of output ports as an attenuated array of beams. The switch also comprises an optical assembly positioned in the optical path between the programmable deflection plane and the programmable attenuation plane, configured to image each component frequency channel of the deflected array of beams to at least two unique positions on the programmable attenuation plane. The at least two unique positions are independent of the deflection applied by the programmable deflection plane.

Optical switch utilising attenuation

An optical switch having: an input port 701 and a set of output ports 726 configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel, a programmable deflection plane 709 configured to deflect beams of spatially separated frequency channels incident from the input port to form a deflected array of beams, and a programmable attenuation plane 710 configured to attenuate beams of spatially separated frequency channels towards the output ports as an attenuated array of beams. Between the deflection and attenuation planes is an optical assembly configured to image each frequency channel of the deflected beam array to at least two separate positions on the attenuation plane which are independent of the deflection applied by the deflection plane. The optical assembly may alter the propagation angles or the optical beam intensity, image positive and negative diffraction orders on the attenuation plane, create a Fourier conjugate image, or comprise: a mirror 719, a MEMS layer or a polarisation element 714. The programmable planes may be portions of the same spatial light modulator (SLM) device or plane. The optical switch may comprise a multiplexer 722, demultiplexer 706, or a gap 707 or space 712 optic.

Penicillin-Derivate

A system for directing incident light onto spatial light modulator planes

A first optically active area 601 and a second optically active area 602 of first and second respective spatial light modulator (SLM) planes are configured to receive first and second respective optical signals from an optical system. Light is directed toward the first and second optically active areas from a first and a separate second direction of the optical system by a first reflector 603 and a respective second reflector 604 which overlay the active areas at an angle. The first and second SLM planes may be parallel to an optical axis plane of the optical system and may form a SLM device. The active areas may be programmable deflection or attenuation planes and coplanar. The first and second reflectors may comprise 45o reflecting surfaces. The incidence normal of the first and second SLM planes may be within the same hemispherical angular area. The centre of the first and second reflectors and the optical axis of the optical system may be in the same plane. There may be a third SLM plane with a third optically active area 605 and a third reflector 606. The optical system may be a switch to direct optical signals to first and second reflectors.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 1,2-Dichlorthan

Optical switch

An optical switch comprising a plurality of independently controllable systems, each independently controllable system comprising a set of input ports and a set of output ports, whereby the optical switch is optically configured such that the set of output ports can only receive data from the corresponding set of input ports, each system comprising: a set of input ports, each input port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; a set of output ports corresponding to the set of input ports, each output port configured to transport an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; a first programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident thereon to form a corresponding first deflected array of beams; a second programmable deflection plane configured to deflect beams incident thereon to form a corresponding second deflected array of beams; a beam steering optical element group configured to transfer the first deflected array of beams between the first programmable deflection plane and the second programmable deflection plane, the beam steering optical element group of each of the plurality of systems comprising a common plane and an optical system between the common plane and the second programmable deflection plane; and wherein the optical switch is configured to form a Fourier conjugate plane in a steering direction, of the first programmable deflection plane of each of the plurality of systems on the common plane for the plurality of systems, wherein the Fourier conjugate plane of the first programmable deflection plane of one system overlaps the Fourier conjugate plane of the first programmable deflection plane of at least one other system on the common plane; and wherein the optical system is configured to form an image of each of the plurality of systems, which is a Fourier conjugate in the steering direction, of the first programmable deflection plane on the second programmable ...

Optical switch

An optical switch comprising: multiple input ports, each input port being for transporting an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; multiple output ports, each output port being for transporting an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel; and a plurality of independently controllable optical groups, each optical group comprising: a first programmable deflection plane for deflecting beams incident on it to form a corresponding first deflected array of beams; a second programmable deflection plane for deflecting beams incident on it to form a corresponding second deflected array of beams; and a beam steering optical element group for transferring the first deflected array of beams between the first programmable deflection plane and the second programmable deflection plane, the beam steering optical element group of each of the plurality of independently controllable optical groups comprising a common remapping plane, wherein: the optical switch is configured to form a Fourier conjugate image for each of the independently controllable optical groups at a respective position on the common remapping plane, the Fourier conjugate image for each of the independently controllable optical groups being a Fourier conjugate image of the beams incident on the first programmable deflection plane of the independently controllable optical group; and the beam steering optical element group of each independently controllable optical group is capable of remapping the Fourier conjugate image for that independently controllable optical group such that the spatial positioning and/or orientation of the Fourier conjugate image for at least one of the independently controllable optical groups is changed differently to the Fourier conjugate image for at least one other of the independently controllable groups.

A system for directing incident light onto spatial light modulator planes

An optical system comprising a first spatial light modulator plane having a first optically active area configured to receive a first optical signal from the optical system, and a second spatial light modulator plane having a second optically active area configured to receive a second optical signal from the optical system. The optical system also comprises a first reflector overlaying the first optically active area at an angle to the first optically active area so as to direct the first optical signal approaching the first reflector from a first direction onto the first optically active area; and a second reflector overlaying the second optically active area at an angle to the second optically active area so as to direct the second optical signal approaching the second reflector from a second direction onto the second optically active area, wherein the second direction is different to the first direction.

Optical switch

An optical switch having a plurality of independently controllable systems 605. Each system comprises an optical signal having at least one component frequency channel which transports between a set of input ports 601 and corresponding output ports 602. A first and second programmable deflection plane 606, 610 to deflect incident beams of the optical signals to form first and second respective deflected beam arrays. A beam steering optical element group to transfer the first deflected beam array from the first deflection plane to the second plane wherein the beam steering group of each system comprises a common plane. The optical switch forms a Fourier conjugate image for the first deflection plane of each system on a common plane which overlaps with the image of at least one other system. The Fourier conjugate images of each system may be different, spatially coincident to each other and formed respective to beam steering optical element groups. The beam steering optical element groups may comprise: 4F arrangements, a Faraday rotator, a polarising beamsplitter, re-mapping devices having mirrors, or grating arrangements such as multiplexers or demultiplexers. The optical switch may comprise transit optical element groups having lenses or reflectors.

Improvements in and relating tothe belling and tapering of tube ends

Optical switching systems

We describe a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) reconfigurable optical switch, the switch comprising: a set of arrays of optical beam connections, each comprising an array of optical outputs and having an optical input to receive a WDM input optical signal; a first diffractive element to demultiplexed said WDM input optical signal into a plurality of demultiplexed optical input beams, and to disperse said demultiplexed optical input beams spatially along a first axis; first relay optics between said set of arrays of optical beam connections and said first diffractive element; and a reconfigurable holographic array comprising a 2D array of reconfigurable sub- holograms defining sub-hologram rows and columns; wherein said arrays of said set of arrays are at least one dimensional arrays extending spatially in a direction parallel to said first axis and arranged in a column defining a second axis orthogonal to said first axis; wherein said sub-hologram rows are aligned along said first axis, and wherein said sub-hologram columns are aligned along said second axis; wherein a number of said sub-hologram rows corresponds to a number of arrays in said set of arrays; and wherein each sub-hologram row is configured to receive a set of demultiplexed optical input beams at different carrier wavelengths demultiplexed from the optical input for the array of the set of arrays to which the row corresponds; wherein each of said sub- holograms in a sub-hologram row is reconfigurable to steer a respective wavelength channel of the WDM input signal for the array to which the sub-hologram row corresponds, towards a selected said optical output for the array; and wherein each said sub-hologram row is configured to steer the demultiplexed optical input beams for a respective array of the set of arrays of optical beam connections.

Improvements in or relating to antibiotics

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 6β-Amino-2,2-dimethylpenam-3α-carbonsäure