Process for casting and forming slag products

Crystalline sulphated cellulose II and its production from sulphuric acid hydrolysis of celulose

A method for producing crystalline sulphated cellulose II materials with relatively low degree of polymerization from spent liquors of sulphuric acid (HSO) hydrolysis of cellulose has been discovered. The method involves: 1) separating the spent liquors from the hydrolysed, acid-insoluble, cellulose I materials by dilution from, for example, a 64% HSO hydrolysis medium to a residual sulphuric acid concentration of 10-50% with 0-40% HSO, followed by settling (or centrifuging) and decanting; 2) adding the diluted spent liquors to water or heating the diluted spent liquors at 30-80°C for 48 h; and 3) recovering the recrystallized sulphated cellulose II materials with relatively low degree of polymerization either by filtration and washing or by washing and freeze drying. The method can be used to concurrently produce both crystalline, sulphated cellulose I and the crystalline, sulphated cellulose II materials.

PREPARATION OF SOLVENT AND POLYMER REDISPERSIBLE FORMULATIONS OF DRIED CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS (CNC)

Redispersible dried nanocrystalline cellulose

Dried forms of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) with controllable redispersibility in water are provided; lightweight and easily transportable dried acid-form nanocrystalline cellulose which can be resuspended for use in a desired application can be produced by maintaining the humidity content of the NCC within a specific, low, range; evaporated acid-form NCC suspensions with moisture contents below this range are non-dispersible and therefore can be subsequently fixed in permanently dried form; the second form is produced by exchanging the proton of the acid-form NCC for neutral monovalent counterions and freeze-drying the NCC to give a solid product which rapidly disperses when placed in water; properties similar to those of the original suspension are also obtained with a brief sonication treatment.

Improvements in Electric Power Hammers.

... 10,539. Berry, R. May 15. Hammers, power. -In an electromagnetically - operated power hammer, the current flows from the solenoid A through a sliding connexion to the shaft B, and thence through the tup E to the anvil F ; in this way the current is broken directly the tup is lifted from the anvil, and the hammer then falls again and strikes the blow, the action being then repeated. A n o n - magnetic bush D prevents the work from being lifted magnetically by the tup- ...

An Improved Machine for Making and Fitting Springs.

Control of nanocrystalline cellulose film iridescence wavelength

A new method to control the iridescence colour of solid nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) films by ultrasound and high-shear (mechanical) energy input to the NCC suspension prior to film formation is provided. As the energy input to the NCC suspension increases, the resulting film colour shifts from the ultraviolet region towards the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum; this wavelength shift lies in the opposite direction to that caused by the addition of electrolytes to NCC suspensions prior to film formation. No additives are required to achieve the changes in colour; colour changes can also be effected by mixing two suspensions exposed to different levels of sonication of differing sonication levels.

A method to control the dispersibility and barrier properties of dried nanocrystalline cellulose in solutions of different pH and ionic strength

A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non- reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na- NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

Iridescent solid nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporating patterns and method for their production

A new method to produce solid nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) films containing patterns by differential heating of aqueous suspensions of NCC has been discovered. When acid-form NCC suspensions are dried by heating to temperatures above 50 °C, darkening of the NCC can occur, while neutral forms of NCC can produce iridescent chiral nematic films by heating to temperatures up to 105 °C. Placing materials of different thermal conductivity beneath the container containing an evaporating NCC suspension results in watermark-like patterns of different iridescent colour imprinted within the film structure. Other colloidal rod-like particles can be employed in place of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), for example chitin or chitosan.

REDISPERSIBLE DRIED NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE

Flexible, iridescent nanocrystalline cellulose film, and method for preparation

Flexible nanocrystalline cellulose films (NCC) include a polymer while retaining the property of tunable colour. Polymers, for example PVOH and SB-latex, are effective in increasing the flexibility of the NCC films. The NCC film made with PVOH retains the iridescence better than that made with SB-latex; however, the NCC film made with SB-latex has a better tensile strength. In addition, the NCC film made with PVOH was found to disperse easily in water while the NCC film made with SB latex does not disperse in water (it is strongly water resistant). The colour of NCC film made with PVOH and SB-latex can still be tuned with techniques that provide for tuning.

Iridescent solid nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporating patterns and method for their production

A new method to produce solid nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) films containing patterns by differential heating of aqueous suspensions of NCC has been discovered. When acid-form NCC suspensions are dried by heating to temperatures above 50 DEG C, darkening of the NCC can occur, while neutral forms of NCC can produce iridescent chiral nematic films by heating to temperatures up to 105 DEG C. Placing materials of different thermal conductivity beneath the container containing an evaporating NCC suspension results in watermark-like patterns of different iridescent colour imprinted within the film structure. Other colloidal rod-like particles can be employed in place of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), for example chitin or chitosan.

Redispersible dried nanocrystalline cellulose

Dried forms of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) with controllable redispersibility in water are provided; lightweight and easily transportable dried acid-form nanocrystalline cellulose which can be resuspended for use in a desired application can be produced by maintaining the humidity content of the NCC within a specific, low, range; evaporated acid-form NCC suspensions with moisture contents below this range are non-dispersible and therefore can be subsequently fixed in permanently dried form; the second form is produced by exchanging the proton of the acid-form NCC for neutral monovalent counterions and freeze-drying the NCC to give a solid product which rapidly disperses when placed in water; properties similar to those of the original suspension are also obtained with a brief sonication treatment.

A method to control the dispersibility and barrier properties of dried nanocrystalline cellulose in solutions of different ph and ionic strength

A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non- reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na- NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

FLEXIBLE, IRIDESCENT NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE FILM, AND METHOD FOR PREPARATION

Flexible nanocrystalline cellulose films (NCC) include a polymer while retaining the property of tunable colour. Polymers, for example PVOH and SB-latex, are effective in increasing the flexibility of the NCC films. The NCC film made with PVOH retains the iridescence better than that made with SB-latex; however, the NCC film made with SB-latex has a better tensile strength. in addition, the NCC film made with PVOH was found to disperse easily in water while the NCC film made with SB latex does not disperse in water (it is strongly water resistant). The colour of NCC film made with PVOH and SB-latex can still be tuned with techniques that provide for tuning. 1. A flexible , iridescent nanocrystalline cellulose film comprising nanocrystalline cellulose particles in an aligned structure , interspaced by a polymer effective to form flexible bridges between particles without disturbing said aligned structure.2. The flexible film of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a hydrophilic claim 1 , water soluble claim 1 , polymer.3. The flexible film of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a hydrophobic claim 1 , water insoluble claim 1 , polymer.4. The flexible film of claim 2 , wherein said polymer is polyvinyl alcohol.5. The flexible film of claim 3 , wherein said polymer is styrene-butadiene rubber latex.6. The flexible film of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a hydroxyl group containing polymer having a Molecular Weight less than 1000.7. The flexible film of claim 1 , wherein said film contains up to 25% claim 1 , by weight claim 1 , of said polymer claim 1 , based on the weight of the film.8. The flexible film of claim 4 , wherein said film contains 10% to 15% claim 4 , by weight claim 4 , of said polyvinyl alcohol claim 4 , based on the weight of the film.9. The flexible film of claim 5 , wherein said film contains 15% claim 5 , by weight claim 5 , of said styrene-butadiene rubber latex claim 5 , based on the weight of the film.10. A method of making a flexible claim 5 , ...

Method of, and Apparatus for, Data Path Optimisation in Parallel Pipelined Hardware

A method of generating a hardware design for a pipelined parallel stream processor, by defining a hardware processing operation; specifying at least one propagation rule; defining a graph representing the processing operation in the time domain, comprising at least one data path to be implemented as a hardware design and a plurality of parallel branches; each data path having: at least one data path input, output, and discrete object corresponding to a hardware element; each discrete object comprises an input for receiving an input variable, an operator for executing a function on said input variable, and an output variable; optimizing each output from each discrete object in dependence upon the propagation rule to produce an optimised graph; and utilizing the optimised graph to define an optimised hardware design for implementation in said pipelined parallel stream processor. 1. A method of generating a hardware design for a pipelined parallel stream processor , the method comprising:defining, on a computing device, a processing operation designating processes to be implemented in hardware as part of said pipelined parallel stream processor;specifying, on a computing device, at least one propagation rule for said processing operation; at least one data path input;', 'at least one data path output; and', 'at least one discrete object corresponding directly to a hardware element to be implemented in hardware as part of said pipelined parallel stream processor, the or each discrete object comprising an input for receiving at least one input variable represented in a fixed point format; an operator for executing a function on said input variable or variables; and at least one output for outputting an output variable represented in a fixed point format;, 'defining, on a computing device, a graph representing said processing operation as a parallel structure, said graph comprising at least one data path to be implemented as a hardware design for said pipelined parallel ...

Method for Processing Data Sets, a Pipelined Stream Processor for Processing Data Sets, and a Computer Program for Programming a Pipelined Stream Processor

There is provided a method for processing data sets in a processor. The processor has a pipelined data path including an input, an output, and at least one discrete stage. The pipeline is configured to enable one or more data sets, each comprising one or more data items, to enter the pipeline from the input, propagate through the pipeline, and exit the pipeline through the output. Each discrete stage represents an operation to be performed on the data item occupying the discrete stage. The method comprises defining one or more non-overlapping sections of the pipeline corresponding to portions of the pipeline occupied by the data items of at least one data set. In addition, the method comprises providing one or more logic units, each dedicated to control the progress of the data items of the at least one data set through the pipeline as the section advances through the pipeline. 1. A method of processing data sets in a pipelined stream processor; the processor having a pipelined data path; the pipeline including at least one input , at least one output , and at least one discrete stage; the pipeline configured to enable one or more data sets each comprising one or more data items to be streamed therethrough; wherein , in use , said data items enter said pipeline from the at least one input , propagate through said pipeline , and exit said pipeline through the at least one output , the or each discrete stage representing an operation to be performed on the data item occupying said discrete stage; the method comprising:defining one or more non-overlapping sections of said pipeline corresponding to portions of said pipeline occupied by the data items of one of the at least one data sets;providing one or more logic units each dedicated to control the progress of the data items of one of the at least one data sets through said pipeline as said section advances through said pipeline.2. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing a logic controller claim 1 ...

FLEXIBLE NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE (NCC) FILMS WITH TUNABLE OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

This invention describes development of a novel flexible film comprising nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), or cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), and a controlled amount of a suitable zwitterionic (amphoteric) surfactant. The films are iridescent and have a high level of structural integrity, where mechanical properties can be engineered to suit the end applications. Flexible NCC films can be used in a multitude of applications, for instance, electrostatic shielding, gas barrier, hard coatings, printing. 1. A NCC-surfactant adduct comprising NCC and one or more zwitterionic surfactant; wherein said one or more zwitterionic surfactant is adsorbed onto said NCC.2. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 1 , wherein said surfactant has a CMC from 0.01 and 40 mM and an aggregation number from 10 to 200.3. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 1 , comprising a NCC:surfactant mass ratios of 1:0.01 to 1:1.4. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 1 , wherein said NCC is the sodium (Na)-form NCC.5. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 1 , wherein said NCC is the protonated (H)-form NCC.6. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 1 , wherein said NCC-surfactant adduct has chiral nematic characteristics.7. The NCC-surfactant adduct of claim 5 , wherein said NCC-surfactant adduct has no chiral nematic characteristics.8. A process for preparing a NCC-surfactant adduct comprising providing a suspension of NCC in an aqueous medium; adding one or more zwitterionic surfactant and contacting said NCC and said zwitterionic surfactant to form the NCC-surfactant adduct claim 5 , and purifying the NCC-surfactant adduct.9. The process of wherein said suspension of NCC-surfactant adduct is prepared by mixing an aqueous NCC suspension in deionized water claim 8 , optionally heating said NCC suspension claim 8 , and mixing said NCC suspension and a zwitterionic surfactant to produce said suspension of NCC-surfactant adduct.10. The process of claim 8 , comprising a NCC:surfactant mass ratios of 1:0.01 to 1:1.11. The ...

PREPARATION OF SOLVENT AND POLYMER REDISPERSIBLE FORMULATIONS OF DRIED CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS (CNC)

The disclosure provides redispersible CNC. The CNC disclosed herein is redispersible in non-polar and polar organic solvents as well as polar and non-polar polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene. The disclosure surprisingly also provides redispersible CNC bearing improved redispersion in aqueous systems and most particularly in high ionic strength aqueous systems which usually require significant mixing energy to achieve dispersion. 1. A redispersible cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) wherein said CNC is comprising non-covalent ionic adduct of a cationic groups formed from a protonated amine compound and anionic groups formed from titrable acidic groups , wherein said titrable acidic groups are located at the surface of said CNC , wherein said titrable acid group is comprising sulfate or phosphate half-esters , carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof , and wherein said redispersible CNC is in an isolated dried form.2. The redispersible CNC as defined in claim 1 , wherein said titrable acid group is comprising sulfate half-esters (unmodified or desulfated) claim 1 , carboxylic acids or mixtures thereof.3. The redispersible CNC as defined in claim 1 , wherein said amine compound is an amine-terminated polyalkane claim 1 , an amine-terminated polyalkylether or an amine-terminated polyalkylene imine.4. The redispersible CNC as defined in claim 1 , wherein said amine compound is a monoamine-terminated polyalkane claim 1 , a monoamine-terminated polyalkylether or a monoamine-terminated polyalkylene imine.5. The redispersible CNC as defined in claim 1 , wherein said amine compound is monoamine-terminated polyalkylether having the formula:{'br': None, 'sub': 1', '2', 'x', 'a', '2', '3', 'b', '2, 'R—[O(CH)]—[OCHCH(CH)]—NH'}wherein said polyalkylether may be a homopolymer, an AB or ABA block copolymer, or an alternating copolymer;{'sub': 1', '1', '1, 'Ris H, or selected from an optionally substituted, linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 14 carbon atoms; or Ris an optionally ...

Polyurethane composites comprising nanocrystalline cellulose and method for improving properties of polyurethanes thereof

The disclosure relates to polyurethane composites comprising nanocrystalline cellulose and method for improving properties of polyurethanes thereof.

SYSTEM & METHOD FOR PROVIDING A SIMULATED ENVIRONMENT

The disclosure concerns a system and method for implementing flat and/or curved display screens, which screens are integrated in such a way as to substantially cover the walls and/or ceiling of a room, and software-manipulated video content adapted for display on the display screens, the combination of which providing a simulated environment, by visual means, or visual and auditory means, whereby the room is adapted to present a simulated environment to one or more persons within the room. 1. A system for providing a simulated environment to one or more persons within a room , the system comprising:an integrated array of display panels extending about a periphery of the room, the integrated array of display panels forming a three-dimensional surface, wherein the three-dimensional surface correlates with a three-dimensional aspect map; andfitted video content configured for display on the integrated array of display panels, the fitted video content comprising spherical video content being modified with a curve-fitting signature;wherein the curve-fitting signature is configured to adapt the spherical video content according to the three-dimensional aspect map.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the integrated array of display panels is configured to extend from floor to ceiling about the periphery of the room.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the integrated array of display panels is configured to extend about a ceiling along the periphery of the room.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the integrated array of display panels comprises:a first array of flat-display panels adapted to cover a first surface of the room,a second array of flat-display panels adapted to cover a second surface of the room that is distinct from the first surface, andan array of curved-display panels connected to each of the first and second arrays and forming a transition therebetween.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the three-dimensional aspect map comprises a first map-component for display ...

SURFACE MODIFIED NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) prepared by chemical modification of NCC as well as its use thereof, including as carrier of particular chemical compounds. The surface of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was modified with chitosan oligosaccharide (CS) by selectively oxidizing the primary alcohol moieties of NCC followed by coupling of the amino groups of CSto the oxidized NCC to provide the desired material (NCC-CS). 1. A surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) comprising chitosan oligosaccharides (CS) covalently bond to the external surface of said NCC (NCC-CS).2. The modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) of claim 1 , wherein said covalent bond is a peptide bond.3. The modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) of claim 1 , wherein said covalent bond is an imine (C═N).4. A method for preparing a surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) comprising oxidizing primary hydroxyl groups of said NCC to provide oxidized functional groups and covalently bonding chitosan oligosaccharides (CS) to the oxidized functional groups.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said primary hydroxyl is oxidized to a carboxyl functional group.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said primary hydroxyl is oxidized by TEMPO-mediated oxidation sodium or potassium dichromate (VI) acidified with dilute sulphuric acid or ammonium persulfate.7. The method of claim 4 , wherein said primary hydroxyl is oxidized to an aldehyde functional group.8. The method of claim 5 , wherein said covalent bond is obtained by contacting said oxidized primary hydroxyl groups of NCC and said chitosan oligosaccharides (CS) with a carbodiimide reagent.9. (canceled)10. A pharmaceutically claim 1 , cosmetically or agriculturally active agent comprising the NCC-CSas defined in and a pharmaceutically claim 1 , cosmetically or agriculturally active chemical compound loaded on said NCC-CS.11. A pharmaceutical claim 10 , cosmetical or agricultural composition ...

POLYDOPAMINE FUNCTIONALIZED CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS (PD-CNCS) AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to use of polydopamine (PD) coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as template for further conjugation of functional oligomers (amines, carboxylic acids etc.) and the immobilization of various types of CNC hybrid nanomaterial nanoparticles to improve their stability in aqueous solution, e.g. the preparation of silver nanoparticle on CNC. Surface functionalization of CNC with polydopamine can be performed by mixing dopamine and CNCs for certain time at designed temperature. The resultant PD-CNCs can be used to stabilize metallic and inorganic nanoparticles, which could be generated in-situ, and further immobilized on the surface of PD coated CNCs. Benefiting from the improved stability, the resultant nanoparticles immobilized PD-CNC system also generally possess higher catalytic activity than the nanoparticles alone. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium is deionized water.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH is from about 7 to 9.4. A polydopamine (PD) coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) prepared by the process of .5. A method for producing metallic nanoparticles immobilized on PD coated CNC claim 1 , or a derivative thereof claim 1 , comprising:contacting a PD coated CNC, or a derivative thereof, with a metallic particle source, wherein said PD coated CNC is prepared by the method comprising:dispersing CNC in an aqueous medium;optionally adjusting the pH such that it is suitable to allow the coating to occur on said CNC:adding dopamine, or a suitable salt thereof;allowing the polydopamine coating to occur on said CNC;isolating said PD coated CNC; andwherein a step of derivatizing said PD coating is optionally before or after the step of isolation of said PC coated CNC;optionally adding dopamine, or a suitable salt thereof;allowing reduction of said metallic particle source and immobilization on said PD coated CNC to occur; andisolating said metallic nanoparticles immobilized on PD coated CNC.6. The method of claim 5 ...

CONDUCTIVE CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS, METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure provides a core-shell nanocomposite material comprising an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) polymerized on the surface of oxidized cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as well as synthesis for preparing same and its use thereof in various applications. 1. A core-shell conductive polymer/cellulose nanocrystal composite comprising cellulose nanocrystals as the core , and intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) coating as the shell.2. The nanocrystal composite of claim 1 , wherein said ICP is polypyrrole (PPy) claim 1 , polyaniline claim 1 , polyindole claim 1 , polythiophene claim 1 , poly(3-methylthiophene claim 1 , poly(N-methyl aniline) or poly(o-toluidine).3. The nanocrystal composite of claim 1 , wherein said ICP is polypyrrole.4. The nanocrystal composite of claim 1 , having a rod-like structure.5. The nanocrystal composite of claim 1 , having a length of about 200-400 nm and a diameter of about 10-20 nm.6. A method of preparing the intrinsically conductive polymer/cellulose nanocrystal composite as described in claim 1 , said method comprising steps 1) to 4) in order:1) dispersing oxidized cellulose nanocrystals in a mixed solution of acid/alcohol;2) mixing a monomer of said intrinsically conductive polymer with said oxidized cellulose nanocrystals;3) polymerizing said monomer; and4) isolating said conductive polymer/cellulose nanocrystal.7. The method as defined in claim 6 , wherein said monomer is a monomer producing claim 6 , after polymerization claim 6 , a polypyrrole (PPy) claim 6 , polyaniline claim 6 , polyindole claim 6 , polythiophene claim 6 , poly(3-methylthiophene claim 6 , poly(N-methyl aniline) or poly(o-toluidine).8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the molar ratio of monomer to the surface hydroxyl groups (OH) on CNC is from 1:1 to 50:1.9. The method of claim 6 , wherein a surfactant is added before the polymerization step 3).10. The method of claim 6 , wherein said oxidized cellulose nanocrystals is prepared by a step of ...

Surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose and uses thereof

The present disclosure relates to surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) prepared by chemical modification of NCC as well as its use thereof, including as carrier of particular chemical compounds. The surface of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was modified with chitosan oligosaccharide (CS OS ) by selectively oxidizing the primary alcohol moieties of NCC followed by coupling of the amino groups of CS OS to the oxidized NCC to provide the desired material (NCC-CS OS ).

Fluids containing cellulose fibers and cellulose nanoparticles for oilfield applications

Treatment fluids containing a mixture of cellulose fibers and cellulose nanoparticles and methods for treating a subterranean formation are disclosed. The methods include introducing a treatment fluid into a subterranean formation, the treatment fluid containing a mixture of cellulose fibers and cellulose nanoparticles.

DISPLAY MIRROR ASSEMBLY

A display mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a housing and a glass element, and is configured to be turned to an on state and an off state. A peripheral support is disposed proximate a periphery of the glass element and configured to retain the glass element against the display module. The peripheral support includes a radio frequency shield integral therewith. An actuator device is disposed on a bottom surface of the housing and operably coupled with the glass element. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in one direction, thereby moving the glass element to an off-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in another direction, thereby moving the glass element to an on-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module. 1. A display mirror assembly for a vehicle , comprising:a housing;a glass element operably coupled with the housing;a display module mounted between the glass element and the housing and including a display, an optic block, and a printed circuit board, the display module being configured to be turned to an on state and an off state;a peripheral support disposed proximate a periphery of the glass element and configured to retain the glass element against the display module, wherein the peripheral support includes a radio frequency shield integral therewith; andan actuator device disposed on a bottom surface of the housing and operably coupled with the glass element, wherein the actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in one direction, thereby moving the glass element to an off-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module, wherein the actuator device is also adjustable to tilt the glass element in another direction, thereby moving the glass element to an on-axis position which approximately ...

PRISTINE AND SURFACE FUNCTIONALIZED CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS (CNCs) INCORPORATED HYDROGEL BEADS AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to the use of pristine and surface functionalized cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) incorporated hydrogel beads as adsorbent materials for water treatment applications. Here the hydrogel beads were prepared by ionic crosslinking of biopolymer sodium alginate using calcium chloride. 1. A process for removing contaminants from water and/or an aqueous composition containing at least one contaminant , said process comprising:contacting hydrogel beads as defined herein with said water or aqueous composition containing at least one contaminant,wherein said process is removing at least part of at least one contaminant present in said water or aqueous composition.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said contaminant is a dye or a heavy metal ion.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said contaminant is a cationic dyes.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said contaminant is a Cu claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Cr (III) claim 1 , Cr (IV) Cr (VI) claim 1 , Pb claim 1 , Hg claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , As (III) claim 1 , As (V) claim 1 , or Mn claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. Hydrogel beads incorporating cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) claim 1 , wherein said CNCs are incorporated partially or wholly within said beads claim 1 , said beads comprising a matrix of cross-linked natural or synthetic polymer and said CNC being pristine or functionalized CNCs.6. The hydrogel beads of wherein the cross-linkable natural or synthetic polymer is comprising alginate claim 5 , chitosan claim 5 , starch claim 5 , polylacrylic acid and polystyrene.7. The hydrogel beads of wherein the cross-linkable natural or synthetic polymer is alginate.8. The hydrogel beads of wherein the matrix of cross-linked natural or synthetic polymer is cross-linked by ionic crosslinking.9. The hydrogel beads of wherein the ionic crosslinking is an ionic crosslinking using di/trivalent cations.10. The hydrogel beads of wherein said beads are comprising from about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt % of CNCs.11. The ...

CONDUCTIVE CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS, METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure provides a core-shell nanocomposite material comprising an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) and surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as well as synthesis for preparing same and its use thereof in various applications. 1. A composite having a core-shell arrangement , said composite comprising cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as the core , a first layer comprising at least one surface agent in contact with said CNC and a second layer comprising at least one intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) in contact with said surface agent; wherein said CNC has a rod-like shape with a mean diameter of 10-20 nm and length of 200-400 nm; and wherein said core is individually coated by said ICP.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said surface agent is an amphiphilic agent.3. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said surface agent is poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) claim 1 , poly(N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA) claim 1 , Polyethylenimine (PEI) claim 1 , or poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP).4. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said ICP is polypyrrole claim 1 , polyaniline claim 1 , polyindole claim 1 , polythiophene claim 1 , poly(3-methylthiophene) claim 1 , poly(N-methyl aniline) claim 1 , or poly(o-toluidine).5. The composite of claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of the surface agent/CNC is from about 5/100 to about 100/100.6. A process for preparing a composite having a core-shell arrangement claim 1 , said composite comprising cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as the core claim 1 , a first layer comprising at least one surface agent in contact with said CNC and a second layer comprising at least one intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) in contact with said surface agent;said process comprising:dispersing the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) in a solution, wherein said CNC has a rod-like shape with a mean diameter of 10-20 nm and length of 200-400 nm;mixing the CNC solution and at least one surface agent to cause adsorption of said surface agent on the ...

TOGGLE SWITCH LOCK AND CUSHIONED TOGGLE SWITCH FOR FDM

A rearview mirror includes a housing defining an interior cavity and an opening to an exterior of the housing, a notch extending from an edge of the opening and an actuation mechanism coupled within the interior of the housing. The actuation mechanism has a toggle barrel rotatably positioned within the interior cavity of the housing and a lever extending from the toggle barrel through the opening. The lever defines a first major surface and includes a locking rib extending from the first major surface adjacent the barrel. The lever and toggle barrel are rotatable between a first position and a second position, the locking rib being positioned within the notch of the housing when the lever and the toggle barrel are in the first position and being positioned away from the notch when the lever and the toggle barrel are in the second position. 1. A rearview mirror for a vehicle , comprising:a housing defining an interior and an opening to an exterior of the housing, a notch extending from an edge of the opening; and a toggle barrel rotatably positioned within the interior cavity of the housing; and', 'a lever extending from the toggle barrel through the opening, the lever defining a first major surface and including a locking rib extending from the first major surface adjacent the barrel, the lever being rotatable with corresponding rotation of the toggle barrel with respect to the housing between a first position and a second position, the locking rib being positioned within the notch of the housing when the lever and the toggle barrel are in the first position and being positioned away from the notch when the lever and the toggle barrel are in the second position., 'an actuation mechanism coupled within the interior of the housing and including2. The rearview mirror of claim 1 , wherein:the actuation mechanism further includes a mounting plate rotatably coupled within the cavity of the housing at a first end thereof; andthe toggle barrel is operatively coupled with ...

PROCESSES FOR PREPARING AMINE-FUNCTIONALIZED CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS AND NITROGEN DOPED CARBON NANOFIBERS

The present disclosure relates to a process for preparing coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and relates as well to coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) obtainable by the process described herein. These new CNC hybrid nanomaterials are expected to be useful, for example, for the conjugation and electrostatic complexation with various functional moieties such as free metal ions, carboxylic acids, and epoxy and aldehyde derivatives. The disclosure further relates to a method to fabricate N-doped carbon nanomaterial from the coated CNCs. 1. A process for preparing coated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) said process comprising:ia) mixing a reactive aldehyde with a polyamine compound under an alkaline pH and, optionally with heating; ib) combining the mixture from step ia) with a dispersion of CNCs in an aqueous medium; and ic) adjusting the resulting mixture of step ib) to an acidic pH;oriia) mixing a dispersion of CNCs in an aqueous medium with a reactive aldehyde and a polyamine compound under an alkaline pH and, optionally with heating and iib) adjusting the mixture of step iia) to an acidic pH; andisolating said coated CNCs after step ic) or step iib).2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium is deionized water.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the concentration of CNC in water is from about 0.1 to about 5.0 wt %.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein said polyamine compound is comprising melamine claim 1 , urea or a mixture thereof.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said reactive aldehyde is comprising formaldehyde claim 1 , glyoxal or a mixture thereof.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein said heating step ia) or iia) is from about 10 to about 100° C.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein said mixing in step ia) or step iia) is from about 10 to about 200 mins.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said alkaline pH is from about 7 to about 10.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein said acidic pH is from about 2 to about 7.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein ...

Borehole testing device

An inspection system to measure the condition of at least a wall of a ground opening, the inspection system having a head unit for lowering into a borehole during a data collection phase wherein at least one set of test data is collected concerning one or more physical characteristics of the borehole during the data collection phase, the head unit having an internal measurement system and a sensor arrangement with a plurality of sensors facing radially outwardly of a head axis that is generally parallel to at least a portion of a borehole axis, the plurality of sensors allowing the head unit to be moved during the data collection phase without rotation about the head axis, the plurality of sensors at least partially producing the at least one set of test data collected during the data collection phase.

FLUIDS CONTAINING CELLULOSE FIBERS AND CELLULOSE NANOPARTICLES FOR OILFIELD APPLICATIONS

A fluid for treating a subterranean formation includes a solvent, a rheology modifier, and a composition that includes a mixture of cellulose fibers and cellulose nanoparticles. The cellulose nanoparticles have a positive zeta potential in a range of about +100 mV to about +10 mV, and a length in a range of from about 50 nm to about 500 nm, and the cellulose fibers have a length from about 50 microns to about 500 microns.

THRESHOLD-LOAD TRAINER APPARATUS FOR MUSCLES OF THE TONGUE, THROAT AND UPPER RESPIRATORY PATHWAY AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA AND OTHER DISORDERS

Devices and methods for training the tongue and other muscles of the throat and upper respiratory airway to alleviate symptoms of snoring and the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) are provided. A threshold-load trainer, or similar device, having a biased tongue resistance pad is used for strengthening the muscles of the tongue to inhibit narrowing or obstruction of the upper respiratory airway, particularly during a state of relaxation or sleep. The threshold-load trainer embodiments of the subject invention can specifically target the genioglossus muscle under the tongue (the major tongue protruder) and other muscles of the throat and upper respiratory pathway, so as to improve the strengthen muscle tonus. 1. A device for strengthening the muscles of the tongue , comprising:a mouthpiece comprising a wall having a proximal end, a distal end, an exterior surface, and an interior surface that defines a bore;a tongue resistance pad within the bore, having a contact surface, an opposite distal surface, and at least one edge therebetween, the edge being substantially perpendicular to the interior surface that defines the bore; anda biasing element within the bore and in operable connection to the tongue resistance pad, where the biasing element biases the tongue resistance pad towards the proximal end of the bore;such that, when force is applied to the contact surface, the tongue resistance pad is depressed into the bore, whereby the biasing element provides compression resistance.2. The device claim 1 , according to claim 1 , further comprising a removable cap at the distal end of the wall claim 1 , such that the cap closes the distal end of the bore.3. The device claim 1 , according to claim 1 , further comprising:a stabilizer within the bore having at least one interfacing surface that is substantially perpendicular to the interior surface of the bore; anda neck that operably connects the stabilizer to the tongue resistance pad to form a reciprocating plunger, ...

CONDUCTIVE CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS, METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME AND USES THEREOF

The present disclosure provides a core-shell nanocomposite material comprising an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) and surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as well as synthesis for preparing same and its use thereof in various applications. 1. A composite having a core-shell arrangement , said composite comprising cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) as the core , a first layer comprising at least one surface agent in contact with said CNC and a second layer comprising at least one intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) in contact with said surface agent.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said surface agent is an amphiphilic agent.3. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said surface agent is poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) claim 1 , poly(N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA). poly(N claim 1 ,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (GTMAC) claim 1 , Polyethylenimine(PEI) claim 1 , or poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP).4. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said ICP is polypyrrole claim 1 , polyaniline claim 1 , polyindole claim 1 , polythiophene claim 1 , poly(3-methylthiophene claim 1 , poly(N-methyl aniline) claim 1 , or poly(o-toluidine).5. The composite of claim 1 , wherein a mass ratio of the surface agent/CNC is from about 5/100 to about 100/100.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein said surface agent is poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) claim 6 , poly(N claim 6 ,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMA) claim 6 , poly(N claim 6 ,N-dimethyl acrylamide) (GTMAC) claim 6 , Polyethylenimine(PEI) claim 6 , or poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP).8. The process of claim 6 , wherein said ICP is polypyrrole claim 6 , polyaniline claim 6 , polyindole claim 6 , polythiophene claim 6 , poly(3-methylthiophene claim 6 , poly(N-methyl aniline) claim 6 , or poly(o-toluidine).9. The process of claim 6 , wherein a mass ratio of the surface agent/CNC can range from 5/100 to 100/100.10. The process of claim 6 , wherein said ICP is added dropwise to the reaction mixture.11. The process of claim 6 , further comprising a ...

pulp, method and process for producing pulp, and process for producing pulp materials.

Electrochromic display module and composition with improved performance

An electrochromic display module employing a unique combination of architecture and electrochromic composition to provide an extended life to the module. The architecture may involve the use of an extended seal about a perimeter of a display portion where the composition is located. In this manner, the rate of solvent leakage from the composition may be substantially reduced. Additionally, the electrochromic composition itself may make use of particular low volatility solvents and constituent combinations so as to discourage the amount particle generation therein. Ultimately, an electrochromic display module having a useful life of more than about 3 years may be provided.

Three-dimensional workspace interactive display having browsing viewpoints for navigation and work viewpoints for user-object interactive non-navigational work functions with automatic switching to browsing viewpoints upon completion of work functions

A system, method and computer program are provided for facilitating viewer navigation within a virtual reality three-dimensional workspace containing functional three-dimensional objects. The viewer has the capability of navigating towards such three-dimensional functional objects and interacting with them functionally in specific tasks. Such specific tasks often require a fairly narrow viewpoint to provide close viewer interaction with the object in the specific task. The present invention provides a means for facilitating the viewer's navigation along his desired or planned path after he has completed a specific task relationship with a particular selected object. Means are provided for monitoring the task specific relationship of the viewer with the object and as soon as a determination is made that the viewer has completed his task, the system automatically changes the viewpoint of the viewer from the task specific viewpoint to the optimum browsing or navigation viewpoint with respect to the viewer's current viewpoint so that the viewer can proceed further in his navigation.

Facilitating viewer interaction with three-dimensional objects and two-dimensional images in virtual three-dimensional workspace by drag and drop technique

A system, method and computer program for a virtual three-dimensional workspace wherein certain three-dimensional objects represent or serve as proxies for a variety of user interactive application programs. Such objects may be selected or triggered by the user to bring forth planar two-dimensional interactive user interfaces having images resembling those of their respective representative 3D objects so that a user may intuitively note the resemblance and select the appropriate object to result in the planar two-dimensional interactive interface appearing in front of the three-dimensional workspace. This two-dimensional planar interface remains active and unaffected by changes to its representative three-dimensional object during the course of navigation or otherwise. A drag and drop technique facilitates viewer interaction between images in a two-dimensional workplane with three-dimensional objects in the virtual three-dimensional workspace.

Chlorine dioxide bleaching with additives

A method has been developed which enhances the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide bleaching of lignocellulosic materials. It is effected by adding to the chlorine dioxide bleaching stage an aldehyde compound at a concentration of from about 0.01 % to about 20 %, by weight of the oven-dried lignocellulosic material.

Method for producing iridescent solid nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporating patterns

A new method to produce solid nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) films containing patterns by differential heating of aqueous suspensions of NCC has been discovered. When acid-form NCC suspensions are dried by heating to temperatures above 50° C., darkening of the NCC can occur, while neutral forms of NCC can produce iridescent chiral nematic films by heating to temperatures up to 105° C. Placing materials of different thermal conductivity beneath the container containing an evaporating NCC suspension results in watermark-like patterns of different iridescent color imprinted within the film structure. Other colloidal rod-like particles can be employed in place of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), for example chitin or chitosan.

Heavy duty electrical connection system

ABSTRACT The present invention serves to prevent severe injury, loss of life or damage to expensive equipment by creating a system in which the conductors of a plug and the conductors of a receptacle can only be arranged, one with respect to the other, in a unique rotational manner depending upon the intended electrical rating of the plug and receptacle. The resulting plug will mate only with a receptacle having that same configuration. A separate indexer is disposed between the plug body and the conductor assembly to the conductors in the plug to prevent entry of the plug into a differently indexed receptacle. A polarizer in the receptacle fixes the conductor assembly of the receptacle in the same manner as the plug, to allow the plug and receptacle to be mated together when the receptacle is wired for the same electrical rating as the equipment to be energized by the plug. Visual means of identifying the rotational attitude of conductors is provided whereby the electrical rating of the plug or receptacle can be easily identified. The visual means of identification may include color as well as printed coding information.

Borehole testing device

An inspection system to measure the condition of at least the wall of a ground opening, such as a borehole opening, an excavation, and a slurry wall, the inspection system comprising a head unit configured to be lowered into an associated borehole and having a lowering mount configured to be operably and selectively joined to an associated lowering unit to facilitate the lowering of the head unit into the associated borehole during a data collection phase, the data collection phase including at least one of a lowering phase wherein the head unit is lowered in the associated borehole toward an associated bottom extent of the borehole by the associated lowering unit and a raising phase wherein the head unit is raised in the associated borehole away from the associated bottom extent, at least one set of test data being collected concerning one or more physical characteristics of the associated borehole during the data collection phase, the head unit comprising an internal measurement system and a sensor arrangement having a plurality of sensors facing radially outwardly of a head axis that is generally parallel to at least a portion of the an associated borehole axis, the plurality of sensors allowing the head unit to be moved during the data collection phase without rotation about the head axis, the plurality of sensors at least partially producing the at least one set of test data collected during the data collection phase.

Iridescent solid nanocrystalline cellulose films incorporating patterns and method for their production

A new method to produce solid nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) films containing patterns by differential heating of aqueous suspensions of NCC has been discovered. When acid-form NCC suspensions are dried by heating to temperatures above 50 °C, darkening of the NCC can occur, while neutral forms of NCC can produce iridescent chiral nematic films by heating to temperatures up to 105 °C. Placing materials of different thermal conductivity beneath the container containing an evaporating NCC suspension results in watermark-like patterns of different iridescent colour imprinted within the film structure. Other colloidal rod-like particles can be employed in place of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), for example chitin or chitosan.

Adhesion with nanocrystalline cellulose

Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) obtained by sulfuric acid hydrolysis is used as an adhesive. Aqueous suspensions of NCC in acid form H-NCC or in a neutralized form in which protons of the acid form are replaced by a monovalent cation such as sodium ion are adhesives.

Polymeric film

A polymeric film has a substrate layer (1) with a heat-sealable layer (2) on at least one surface (3) thereof. The substrate layer contains a blend of 20 to 60 mole % of a first polyester comprising ethylene terephthalate as the main repeating unit and 40 to 80 mole % of a second polyester comprising butylene terephthalate as the main repeating unit. The heat-sealable layer contains a third polyester which has a melting point less than that of the first and second polyesters. The polymeric film is suitable for laminating to metal sheet (4) for can production.

Toggle switch lock and cushioned toggle switch for fdm

Use of chemical pulp mill steam stripper off gases condensate as reducing agent in chlorine dioxide production

Steam stripper off gas from chemical pulp mills, for example kraft or sulphite pulp mills is rich in methanol and totally reduced sulphur (TRS) compounds. This gaseous stream is usually burned to avoid further handling of this TRS-rich, odorous stream. We found that once this gaseous stream is condensed, it can be used as a reducing agent in the chlorine dioxide generator, in place of purchased methanol. Surprisingly, we found that, in addition to the methanol component, the TRS components act as reducing agents during the production of chlorine dioxide or, at the very least, do not consume chlorine dioxide. The use of this stream in the ClO2 generator will allow pulp mills to reduce or eliminate the consumption of purchased methanol while providing a new approach to deal with TRS compounds in the chlorine dioxide generator rather than employing a dedicated TRS incinerator or any other combustion device.

Ultrasonic transducer

ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer and a method for measuring and/or monitoring various physical properties of a member, in-situ, are dis-closed. The transducer includes a sleeve which is received in a blind bore provided in the member, a piezoelectric element positioned within the blind bore, and an aligning spacer means interposed be-tween the end of the sleeve and the piezoelectric element. By the application of appropriate voltage pulses to the piezoelectric element causing interroga-ting signals to be applied to the member, and the measurement of the time interval between the appli-cation of an interrogating signal and the receipt of a return signal from the member, various physical properties of the member can be determined.

Borehole testing device

An inspection system to measure the condition of at least the wall of a ground opening, such as a borehole opening, an excavation, and a slurry wall, the inspection system comprising a head unit configured to be lowered into an associated borehole and having a lowering mount configured to be operably and selectively joined to an associated lowering unit to facilitate the lowering of the head unit into the associated borehole during a data collection phase, the data collection phase including at least one of a lowering phase wherein the head unit is lowered in the associated borehole toward an associated bottom extent of the borehole by the associated lowering unit and a raising phase wherein the head unit is raised in the associated borehole away from the associated bottom extent, at least one set of test data being collected concerning one or more physical characteristics of the associated borehole during the data collection phase, the head unit comprising an internal measurement system and a sensor arrangement having a plurality of sensors facing radially outwardly of a head axis that is generally parallel to at least a portion of the an associated borehole axis, the plurality of sensors allowing the head unit to be moved during the data collection phase without rotation about the head axis, the plurality of sensors at least partially producing the at least one set of test data collected during the data collection phase.

Display mirror assembly

A display mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a housing and a glass element, and is configured to be turned to an on state and an off state. A peripheral support is disposed proximate a periphery of the glass element and configured to retain the glass element against the display module. The peripheral support includes a radio frequency shield integral therewith. An actuator device is disposed on a bottom surface of the housing and operably coupled with the glass element. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in one direction, thereby moving the glass element to an off-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in another direction, thereby moving the glass element to an on-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module.

Improvements made to or relating to railway signals

Ultrasonic transducer

An ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer and a method for measuring and/or monitoring various physical properties of a member, in-situ, are disclosed. The transducer includes a sleeve which is received in a blind bore provided in the member, a piezoelectric element positioned within the blind bore, and an aligning spacer means interposed between the end of the sleeve and the piezoelectric element. By the application of appropriate voltage pulses to the piezoelectric element causing interrogating signals to be applied to the member, and the measurement of the time interval between the application of an interrogating signal and the receipt of a return signal from the member, various physical properties of the member and structural information regarding same can be determined.

Process for generaating chloric acid and chlorine dioxide

ABSTRACT A three compartment water splitting system comprosed of repeating cationic, anionic and bipolar membranes is used to remove alkali metal cations from an alkali metal chlorate solution thereby producing an alkali metal hydroxide and chloric acid. When the chloric acid reaches a certain concentration, chlorine dioxide is formed. Alternatively the chloric acid can be used for the generation of chlorine dioxide. #21-03/09/90

Nuclear radiation moisture gauge calibration standard

NUCLEAR RADIATION MO MOISTURE GAUGE CALIBRATION STANDARD Abstract of the Disclosure A hydrophobic standard for calibrating nuclear radiation moisture gauges. In accordance with this invention, each standard has physical characteristics and dimensions effective for representing to a nuclear gauge undergoing calibration an infinite mass of homogeneous hydrogen content. Calibration standards are disclosed which are suitable for use with surface gauges and with depth gauges.

Process for casting and forming slag products

The present invention relates to a process and apparatus to cast and form slag directly from the molten state into crystalline or amorphous products suitable for use as decorative and structural building and construction materials. Molten slag and additives are refined at high temperature in a treatment furnace for a period of hours. The eventual entrapped gas content is controlled using a variety of methods, such as vacuum pressures and bottom stirring with inert gas. The molten slag is cast directly into moulds, and these moulds form the slag into any shape desired. The farmed products are immediately introduced into a heat treatment furnace at temperatures at or above the glass transition temperature (GTT) for the case of crystalline products, or just below the GTT for amorphous products. The product is thermally cycled over a period of hours to relieve thermal stresses during coaling to ambient temperatures. If desired, the product can be coated using enamel or glaze and cured in another furnace, or metal plated.

Strain and displacement sensor and system and method for using the same

A capacitively-coupled strain sensor and methods are presented in which the strain on a structure is measured by the varying capacitance created by the displacement of one or more boards attached to the structure.

Pulping process

An improved pulping process by which pulp yield is increased requires using polysulfide in the cooking liquor and lignocellulosic particles having a maximum thickness of 2 mm.

Crystalline sulphated cellulose ii and its production from sulphuric acid hydrolysis of cellulose

A method for producing crystalline sulphated cellulose II materials with relatively low degree of polymerization from spent liquors of sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) hydrolysis of cellulose has been discovered. The method involves: 1) separating the spent liquors from the hydrolysed, acid-insoluble, cellulose I materials by dilution from, for example, a 64% H 2 SO 4 hydrolysis medium to a residual sulphuric acid concentration of 10-50% with 0-40% H 2 SO 4 , followed by settling (or centrifuging) and decanting; 2) adding the diluted spent liquors to water or heating the diluted spent liquors at 30-80° C. for ≦48 h; and 3) recovering the recrystallized sulphated cellulose II materials with relatively low degree of polymerization either by filtration and washing or by washing and freeze drying. The method can be used to concurrently produce both crystalline, sulphated cellulose I and the crystalline, sulphated cellulose II materials.

Dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (cncs) in monoethylene glycol and process of preparing same

The disclosure provides a nanodispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in monoethylene glycol (MEG) as well as a method for dispersing CNCs in MEG and a process for preparing a polymer composites comprising a CNC nanodispersion in MEG comprising copolymerizing said nanodispersion of CNCs and at least one monomer polymerizable with said MEG and/or CNCs.

Separation of sulphides and chlorides from pulping liquors by electrodialysis

A process using an electrodialysis system employing cation-selective membranes and anion-selective membranes, particularly monovalent anion-selective membranes, is used to separate kraft pulping liquors into two streams; one that is rich in sulphides (to be used in the initial stage of pulping), and another that is poor in sulphides (to be used in the final stage of pulping). By separating pulping liquors in this way, the sulphur balance in the kraft process can be maintained while obtaining the benefits of modified pulping. The same electrodialytic system can be used to separate green and polysulphide liquors into sulphide-rich and sulphide-poor components.

Draw graphics capabilities

A method of, and apparatus for, altering the configuration of an art form based on defining a portion of the border of the art form. The definition of the portion is used to call an appropriate routine for permitting operator alteration of the portion. The portion is defined both geometrically and by makeup. Consider a square. If part of the definition includes one side, and another part of the definition is that the side is a solid line, urging the side away from the center of the square will create a rectangle. If part of the definition includes a broken line rather than a solid line, urging the line away from the center will result in a peaked side with the square becoming a polygon. Next consider a circle. If the border portion defined is a solid line semicircle, urging the semicircle away from the center of the circle will result in a shape similar to that of a silhouette of cylinder having domed ends. If the semicircle were defined as a broken line and urged away from the center, the defined semicircle would be changed to an eliptical form.

nanocrystalline cellulose in a dry form, and method for controlling the dispersibility in water of a nanocrystalline cellulose

celulose nanocristalina em uma forma seca, e, método para controlar a dispersababilidade em água de uma celulose nanocristalina. celulose nanocristalina seca (ncc), em particular películas de ncc, de dispersababilidade em água controlada e um método para controlar a dispersababilidade de ncc seca controlando-se força iônica da solução eletrolítica e valência do íon descrito. suspensões de m-ncc neutras contendo contra-íons monovalentes (por exemplo, m = na+, k+, nh4+, et4n+) produzidos por neutralização de ncc de forma ácida (h-ncc) com o hidróxido apropriado, são facilmente dispersáveis em água quando completamente secas; isto é ao contrário de h-ncc. a dispersão de m-ncc seca em meios aquosos é efetivamente impedida por uma combinação de (1) concentração de eletrólito e força iônica aumentadas, e (2) valência mais alta do componente catiônico do sal dissolvido. adicionalmente, o pré-tratamento de partículas de m-ncc seca com uma solução eletrolítica tendo um cátion polivalente, por exemplo um cátion bivalente ou trivalente é suficiente para impedir a dispersão subsequente da película de m-ncc em água pura. nanocrystalline cellulose in a dry form, and method for controlling the water dispersibility of a nanocrystalline cellulose. dry nanocrystalline cellulose (ncc), in particular ncc films, controlled water dispersibility and a method for controlling dry ncc dispersibility by controlling ionic strength of the electrolyte solution and valence of the described ion. Neutral m-ncc suspensions containing monovalent counter ions (eg m = na +, k +, nh4 +, et4n +) produced by neutralizing acidic ncc (h-ncc) with the appropriate hydroxide are readily dispersible in water when completely dried; this is unlike h-ncc. The dispersion of dry m-ncc in aqueous media is effectively prevented by a combination of (1) increased electrolyte concentration and ionic strength, and (2) higher valence of the dissolved salt cationic component. additionally, pretreatment of dry m-ncc ...

Kraft pulping process

Sodium chloride is removed from pulping chemicals used in a Kraft pulping process by the use of a snake-cage polyelectrolyte ion exchange resin, coupled with removal of sulfide prior to treatment, or treatment of chemicals which are already low in sulfide. In one aspect of the invention, dust is collected from exhaust gases produced in the black liquor recovery cycle and is dissolved in water to produce a solution containing sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. The solution is filtered to yield a solid product and a filtrate solution. The filtrate solution is fed to an ion exchange unit which removes chloride and produces a purified sodium sulfate product. The sodium chloride is removed from the ion exchange resin by water elution, and useful recovered chemicals are recycled to the recovery cycle of the Kraft process. In one embodiment, only a portion of the dust is dissolved so that the solid product produced by filtering is primarily sodium sulfate, and that sodium sulfate is recycled to the recovery cycle of the Kraft process. In another aspect of the invention, white liquor from the pulping process is treated directly after oxidizing sulfide to sulfate. After removal of sodium chloride in the ion exchange unit, the treated white liquor can be used as a source of sodium hydroxide for oxygen delignification, and the effluent from the oxygen delignification stage can be returned to the process.

Near-neutral chlorine dioxide bleaching of pulp

Final chlorine dioxide bleaching of lignocellulosic materials is most effective at a near-neutral pH but present industrial practice typically targets a final pH of between 3.5 and 4.0 because of the difficulty in achieving and maintaining near-neutral pH cost effectively. The in situ formation of bicarbonate before the addition of chlorine dioxide provides a way of maintaining the required near-neutral pH. Near-neutral final chlorine dioxide bleaching also produces a bleached pulp that is in a state that responds more effectively to fluorescent whitening or optical brightening agents.

Improvements in and relating to Railway Signalling Systems.

8651. Moore, H. W., and Berry, R. G. June 11. Track apparatus actuating signals on trains and for stopping trains.-In apparatus on a train wherein a brake-valve actuator or a signalling-device is released from one restraint when a train contact passes any track ramp, and from a second restraint when the train contact is upon a ramp under danger conditions, so that the train is stopped or a signal actuated, the second restraint or both restraints may be controlled by electro-magnetic induction between apparatus on the train and on the track. Fig. 1 shows an apparatus in which the first restraint is controlled pneumatically as described in Specification 2550/14. The ramp 3 is divided longitudinally and forms a part of a transformer, of which the coil 7 forms the primary coil. This coil 7 is energized when the track is in a safety condition. Under such conditions, when the contact 2 is upon the ramp, soft-iron pillars 9 and a yoke 23 form part of the magnetic circuit, and current is induced in a coil 24 and energizes the electro-magnetic clutch 18 so as to hold the valve-opening gear out of action. Both restraints are controlled by induced currents in the apparatus shown in Fig. 3. The signalling or train-stopping circuit 46 may be closed bv the fall of an armature 41, which is normally held up by two electromagnets 40, 42. The magnet 40 is short-circuited at every ramp by means of electromagnetic induction between the track coil 29 and the train-carried coil 35, which energizes the relay 36 controlling the shunting-contacts 37. The magnet 42 is energized at all ramps in safety condition by the interaction of similar coils 30, 43.

Expanding web documents by merging with linked documents

A method of accessing electronic information, by loading an original document onto a data processing system, selecting a link embedded in the original document (wherein the link is associated with a linked document), and creating a new document by merging the linked document with the original document. Other new documents can similarly be created by merging additional linked documents with the earlier new documents in response to the further selection of other links embedded in the new documents. The original document and one or more linked documents can thus be displayed as a single, unitary file, as well as being printed as a single document. The linked document can be merged with the original document in a variety of manners. The invention is particularly useful in accessing hypertext pages on the World Wide Web of the Internet.

Method of, and system for, varying adjacent view port sizes on a display screen

A method of, and system for, managing split screen view ports such that a view into a document can be varied up to an established view area size. A view area is determined and then a divider is called for dividing the view area. Calling of the divider defines a split screen mode for permitting portions of different documents to be viewed adjacent one another. If a larger view of one of the portions is desired, the divider is dynamically and interactively moveable up to view area boundaries.

Electrical connector

Disconnect lighting fixture

Method to control the dispersibility and barrier properties of dried nanocrystalline cellulose in solutions of different pH and ionic strength

A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non-reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na-NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

Borehole testing device

Conductive cellulose nanocrystals, method of producing same and uses thereof

The present disclosure provides a core-shell nanocomposite material comprising an intrinsically conductive polymer (ICP) and surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) as well as synthesis for preparing same and its use thereof in various applications.

FIRE-PROTECTING ARRANGEMENT

Method for forming wireless communication signal

【課題】 ホームコンピュータへ安価な付属部品を取り付けることによって、ワイヤレスで遠隔制御できる消費者電子製品を効率的に制御する装置および方法を提供すること。 【解決手段】 電子装置を遠隔制御する方法および装置は、１つまたは複数の処理装置と、メモリシステムと、キーボード、マウス、表示装置、通信アダプタなどの入出力装置を制御する１つまたは複数の入出力制御装置と、処理装置、メモリシステム、および入出力制御装置を接続するバスと、電子信号をワイヤレスの通信信号へ変換する１つまたは複数の変換器と、ワイヤレス通信信号の生成と伝送を制御して１つまたは複数の電子装置を遠隔制御するために処理装置によって実行できる１つまたは複数のアプリケーションプログラムとを含む。本発明は、典型的には、消費者電子機器を遠隔制御する赤外線信号の伝送制御に利用することができる。 【選択図】 図１

Dresser

A method to control the dispersibility and barrier properties of dried nanocrystalline cellulose in solutions of different ph and ionic strength

A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non-reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na-NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

Pulp Production Process

METHOD OF WATERPROOFING A MICROPOROUS PLASTIC SHEET

Flexible, iridescent nanocrystalline cellulose film, and method for preparation

Flexible nanocrystalline cellulose films (NCC) include a polymer while retaining the property of tunable colour. Polymers, for example PVOH and SB-latex, are effective in increasing the flexibility of the NCC films. The NCC film made with PVOH retains the iridescence better than that made with SB-latex; however, the NCC film made with SB-latex has a better tensile strength. In addition, the NCC film made with PVOH was found to disperse easily in water while the NCC film made with SB latex does not disperse in water (it is strongly water resistant). The colour of NCC film made with PVOH and SB-latex can still be tuned with techniques that provide for tuning.

Method for integrating structured data and string data on a text processing system

A METHOD FOR INTEGRATING STRUCTURED DATA AND STRING DATA ON A TEXT PROCESSING SYSTEM ABSTRACT An improved method is disclosed for operating an interactive text processing system to integrate and process data having type structured fields of fixed length and data having variable length field text or string field data which contain both graphic data characters and format control characters in the same record. The method involves displaying to the text processing system operator a menu of data type codes selectable through a keyboard for defining the types of data fields in a record. In response to operator selected field types, structured fields of fixed length and address pointers of fixed length for the string fields are established for the records. When the data is keyed in, the structured fields are concatenated with the string field address pointers and the text data, including format control codes, is stored at a system selected address on an auxiliary storage device such as a disk file. The structured field data is displayed or printed under control of the field length definintions and the string field data is displayed or printed under control of the address pointer and imbedded format control codes.

fowl

Multilayer film

ABSTRACT H 35509 "MULTILAYER FILM" A multilayer film comprises a substrate layer of polymeric material having on a first surface thereof a polyester heat-sealable layer, and on a second surface thereof a thermoset acrylic resin backing layer. The backing layer is preferably a discontinuous coating. The heat-sealable layer is optionally coated with a release layer, preferably a polyurethane resin release layer.

Ultrasonic transducer

ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer and a method for measuring and/or monitoring various physical properties of a member, in-situ, are disclosed. The transducer includes a sleeve which is received in a blind bore provided in the member, a piezoelectric element positioned within the blind bore, and an aligning spacer means interposed between the end of the sleeve and the piezoelectric element. By the application of appropriate voltage pulses to the piezoelectric element causing interrogating signals to be applied to the member, and the measurement of the time interval between the application of an interrogating signal and the receipt of a return signal from the member, various physical properties of the member can be determined.

Conversation Persistence In Real-time Collaboration System

Previously conducted conversations in real-time collaboration messages are persistently stored, either by client or a server, and then are associated with conversational items presented to a user (e.g. contact names, topics, etc.). An icon is provided near each listed item, which when selected, displays to the user summaries or titles of all transcripts to which the selected item pertains or relates. The user may select one or more summaries or titles for which the conversation is to be resumed, causing the system to retrieve the stored transcript and resume appending new conversational entries to it, so that the user recovers conversational context effortlessly and accurately. Enhanced versions of the invention include sharing of transcripts so that all participants receive the context of the conversation, and server-side or client-side implementations.

Method and system for providing an improved view of an object in a three-dimensional environment on a computer display

The present invention provides a method and system for providing an improved view of an object on a display in a computer system, via a user event. The method comprises the step of providing a three-dimensional environment on the display, the three-dimensional environment including a plurality of objects, each of the plurality of objects appearing to be three-dimensional. The method and system further comprises providing a two-dimensional representation of at least one of the plurality of objects responsive to the user event.

A process for the separation of sulphides from pulping liquors using amphoteric resins

A process using an amphoteric ion-exchange resin, also known as a "snake-cage polyelectrolyte" resin, contained in an ion retardation unit (9) separates kraft white liquor (8) into sulphide-rich (12) and caustic-rich (10) components. The sulphide-rich component (12) can be used in the initial stage of pulping (1), pretreatment of wood chips prior to pulping, or it can be used to make polysulphide-rich liquor. The caustic-rich component (10) can be used in the final delignification phase, in place of sodium hydroxide or white liquor in oxygen delignification, pH adjustment and flue gas scrubbing. The same system can be used to separate green (6) and polysulphide liquors (8a) into sulphide-rich and sulphide-poor components, and to remove sulphide from other mill caustic streams contaminated with sulphide.

Borehole testing device

Redispersible dried nanocrystalline cellulose

A dried form, for example a film, of nanocrystalline cellulose (H-NCC) having an initial moisture content of at least 4%, by weight is water dispersibile, and such dried form is lightweight and easily transportable; the dried form can be resuspended in water for use in a desired application such as film preparation; this represents a significant advantage over prior non-water redispersible nanocrystalline cellulose (H-NCC) which needs to be maintained and transported in the original suspension prior to use in a desired application. A process for preparing the dried form is also provided as is a method of casting a solid film from the dried form.

Generation of active polysulphide

Polysulphide produced by oxidizing white liquor includes both active and inactive components. “Active” polysulphide is the only component that increases pulp yield. The amount of active polysulphide formed when manganese oxides are used as catalysts in the generating process is increased by adding a co-catalyst. Adding bismuth compounds and, in particular, bismuth oxide as a co-catalyst increases the total amount of polysulphide formed with all the manganese oxides and increases the amount of active polysulphide produced particularly when using the lower manganese oxides. The co-catalyst also increases the number of cycles in which the most active catalyst, manganese dioxide, can participate before losing efficiency. Other elements in the same group and adjacent groups in the periodic table are active but these other elements are more soluble than bismuth and are toxic.

Education or Learning Mat

Abstract A learning mat to be used in a broad range of teaching and learning environments is disclosed. It is easy to transport, relatively cheap to produce, has low maintenance, long lasting and can be used by teachers without a strong technical background or depth of teaching knowledge. The disclosed mat comprises a series of visual pictures, diagrams, text and symbols to become a formalised leaming/teaching tool. The teacher, or instructor, draws the attention of students to the visual pictures, diagrams, text and symbols as they teach, inviting the students to engage in the teaching and learning process through shared discussion and construction activities which typically take place upon the mat. Michael Berry Title - Educational or Learning mats Title - 'Educational or Learning mats' Diagram ---------- ........... ............ ................ ............ --------------------- .............. .......... .. ........... ................ ....................... -----------------------------......................... ............ ........................... ........................... ........... .............................. .......................... .......... .......... ............ ........... ... ..... .......... ..... ..... . ............... ------------------------------ ....................... .............. ..........I ............... ...... ---------------------------------- ........................... ---------------------- ........... ................ .. ------------- ............................ ------------------------- .................. ........... .............. ........ ---- ----- ---- ------ - ..................... ............. ............ ................ ............. .............. .............

A crystalline sulfated cellulose ii composition with a relatively low degree of polymerization; a method for its production; and a process for the production of both crystalline sulfated cellulose i and crystalline sulfated cellulose ii materials.

MÉTODO PARA LA PRODUCCIÓN DE LOS MATERIALES DE LA CELULOSA II SULFATADA CRISTALINA, CON UN GRADO RELATIVAMENTE BAJO DE POLIMERIZACIÓN, A PARTIR DE LOS LICORES GASTADOS DE LA HIDRÓLISIS DE LA CELULOSA CON EL ÁCIDO SULFÚRICO (H2SO4). EL MÉTODO INVOLUCRA: 1) LA SEPARACIÓN DE LOS LICORES GASTADOS DE LOS MATERIALES DE LA CELULOSA I INSOLUBLES EN ÁCIDO, HIDROLIZADOS MEDIANTE LA DILUCIÓN DE, POR EJEMPLO, UN MEDIO DE HIDRÓLISIS CON H2SO4 AL 64% CON UNA CONCENTRACIÓN DEL ÁCIDO SULFÚRICO RESIDUAL DESDE 10% HASTA 50%, CON H2SO4 AL 0% HASTA 40%, SEGUIDO POR LA SEDIMENTACIÓN (O EL CENTRIFUGADO) Y EL DECANTADO; 2) LA ADICIÓN DE LOS LICORES GASTADOS DILUIDOS CON AGUA, O CALENTANDO LOS LICORES GASTADOS DILUIDOS DESDE 30°C HASTA 80°C DURANTE < 48 HORAS; Y 3) LA RECUPERACIÓN DE LOS MATERIALES DE LA CELULOSA II SULFATADA, RECRISTALIZADA CON UN GRADO DE POLIMERIZACIÓN RELATIVAMENTE BAJO, YA SEA MEDIANTE EL FILTRADO Y EL DEPURADO, O MEDIANTE EL DEPURADO Y EL LIOFILIZADO. EL MÉTODO PUEDE SER USADO PARA PRODUCIR, CONCURRENTEMENTE AMBOS, LA CELULOSA I SULFATADA CRISTALINA Y LOS MATERIALES DE LA CELULOSA II SULFATADA CRISTALINA. METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CRYSTALLINE SULFATED CELLULOSE II MATERIALS, WITH A RELATIVELY LOW DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION, FROM SPENT LIQUORS OF CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS WITH SULFURIC ACID (H2SO4). THE METHOD INVOLVES: 1) THE SEPARATION OF THE SPENT LIQUORS FROM THE CELLULOSE MATERIALS I INSOLUBLE IN ACID, HYDROLYZED THROUGH THE DILUTION OF, FOR EXAMPLE, A MEDIUM OF HYDROLYSIS WITH 64% H2SO4 WITH A CONCENTRATION OF THE ACIDIC 10 ACID RESIDRATION % UP TO 50%, WITH H2SO4 AT 0% UP TO 40%, FOLLOWED BY SEDIMENTATION (OR SPIN) AND DECANTATION; 2) ADDING THE SPENT DILUTED LIQUORS WITH WATER, OR HEATING THE SPENT DILUTED LIQUORS FROM 30 ° C TO 80 ° C FOR <48 HOURS; AND 3) THE RECOVERY OF SULPHATED CELLULOSE II MATERIALS, RECRISTALIZED WITH A RELATIVELY LOW DEGREE OF POLYMERIZATION, EITHER BY FILTERING AND CLEANING, OR BY CLEANING AND FREEZING. THE METHOD MAY BE USED TO ...

Rubberized fibrous sheet and method of making the same

Electrodialytic water splitting process for the treatment of aqueous electrolytes

A process for dealkalization or acidification of aqueous salt solutions or for the splitting of the salt of such solutions employs a water splitting system of bipolar membranes (3) in conjunction with ion selective membranes (2); a two-compartment cell employs cation permselective membranes (2) to define acid and base compartments with the bipolar membranes (3), and a three compartment cell employs anion permselective and cation permselective membranes to define with the bipolar membrane salt, acid and base compartments; the process has particular applicability to the dealkalization of a monosodium peroxide solution containing sodium hydroxide produced in a hydrogen peroxide generator.

System and method for visually programming iteration

A method, program product, and system create visual representations of iterator link objects. A graphical user interface of the present invention enables users to visually program iterative applications without having to use a programming language. The graphical user interface includes an iterator link object which is capable of removably linking a source object having multiple elements to a target object. On the occurrence of a trigger event, an action iterates over each individual element of the source object and is targeted to the target object. Therefore, the present invention enables the user to visually link multiple source objects to a target object. Furthermore, by utilizing more than one iterator link object, linked objects can be chained linked to other linked objects.

Elliptical coffee table

Pile array assembly system for reduced soil liquefaction

A pile array assembly system for use in interaction with a ground site having adjacent building or structure footing or equivalent foundational support for reduced soil liquefaction in the event of seismic disturbance, is disclosed. The system is provided with a number of pile array subassemblies which relate to each other positionally and structurally to cooperate in deflecting seismic shock waves and also densifying the ground site to provide reduced soil liquefaction. Various arcuate or arc-linked pile units are placed as pile array subassemblies, in preferred embodiments, to utilize multiple configurational peripheries or perimeters of pile units. Additionally, in preferred embodiments, individual pile units within a subassembly are slanted or slanted and rotationally advanced or spun to achieve positioning for improved and advanced subground seismic wave deflection and dissipation.

Surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose and uses thereof

The present disclosure relates to surface modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) prepared by chemical modification of NCC as well as its use thereof, including as carrier of particular chemical compounds. The surface of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) was modified with chitosan oligosaccharide (CSos) by selectively oxidizing the primary alcohol moieties of NCC followed by coupling of the amino groups of CSos to the oxidized NCC to provide the desired material (NCC-CSos).

Redispersible dried nanocrystalline cellulose

Nanocrystalline cellulose derived formaldehyde-based adhesive, uses thereof and process for preparing same

Airconditioning control system for an automative vehicle

Dead-front electrical receptacle

Increasing alkaline pulping yield for softwood with metal ions

Impregnating or spraying softwood chips in a solution containing an appropriate concentration of alkaline earth metal ions selected from the group consisting of calcium ions, barium ions and strontium, preferably calcium ions, at room temperature before a reductive alkaline pulping process, for example kraft pulping, significantly increases pulp yield. Using an agent that complexes with the metal ions, such as hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid (HEDP) allows this benefit of metal ions to be achieved during the pulping process rather than in a separate impregnation step.

Dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (cncs) in monoethylene glycol and process of preparing same

The disclosure provides a nanodispersion of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in monoethylene glycol (MEG) as well as a method for dispersing CNCs in MEG and a process for preparing a polymer composites comprising a CNC nanodispersion in MEG comprising copolymerizing said nanodispersion of CNCs and at least one monomer polymerizable with said MEG and/or CNCs.

Table

Generation of active polysulphide with manganese and bismuth catalysts

Polysulphide produced by oxidizing white liquor includes both active and inactive components. “Active” polysulphide is the only component that increases pulp yield. The amount of active polysulphide formed when manganese oxides are used as catalysts in the generating process is increased by adding a co-catalyst. Adding bismuth compounds and, in particular, bismuth oxide as a co-catalyst increases the total amount of polysulphide formed with all the manganese oxides and increases the amount of active polysulphide produced particularly when using the lower manganese oxides. The co-catalyst also increases the number of cycles in which the most active catalyst, manganese dioxide, can participate before losing efficiency. Other elements in the same group and adjacent groups in the periodic table are active but these other elements are more soluble than bismuth and are toxic.

Borehole testing device

Dried nanocrystalline cellulose of controllable dispersibility and method therefor

Dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), in particular films of NCC, of controlled water dispersibility and a method to control the dispersibility of dried NCC by controlling electrolyte solution ionic strength and ion valency is described. Neutral M-NCC suspensions containing monovalent counterions (e.g., M = Na+, K+, NH4+, Et4N+) produced by neutralization of acid-form NCC (H-NCC) with the appropriate hydroxide, are readily dispersible in water when fully dried; this is in contrast to H-NCC. The dispersion of dried M-NCC in aqueous media is effectively prevented by a combination of (1) increased electrolyte concentration and ionic strength, and (2) higher valency of the cation component of the dissolved salt. Additionally, pre-treatment of dried M-NCC films with an electrolyte solution having a polyvalent cation, for example a divalent or trivalent cation is sufficient to prevent the subsequent dispersion of the M-NCC film in pure water.

Process for casting and forming slag products

The present invention relates to a process and apparatus to cast and form slag directly from the molten state into crystalline or amorphous products suitable for use as decorative and structural building and construction materials. Molten slag and additives are refined at high temperature in a treatment furnace for a period of hours. The eventual entrapped gas content is controlled using a variety of methods, such as vacuum pressures and bottom stirring with inert gas. The molten slag is cast directly into moulds, and these moulds form the slag into any shape desired. The farmed products are immediately introduced into a heat treatment furnace at temperatures at or above the glass transition temperature (GTT) for the case of crystalline products, or just below the GTT for amorphous products. The product is thermally cycled over a period of hours to relieve thermal stresses during coaling to ambient temperatures. If desired, the product can be coated using enamel or glaze and cured in another furnace, or metal plated.

Display mirror assembly with an RF shield bezel

A display mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a housing and a glass element, and is configured to be turned to an on state and an off state. A peripheral support is disposed proximate a periphery of the glass element and configured to retain the glass element against the display module. The peripheral support includes a radio frequency shield integral therewith. An actuator device is disposed on a bottom surface of the housing and operably coupled with the glass element. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in one direction, thereby moving the glass element to an off-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module. The actuator device is adjustable to tilt the glass element in another direction, thereby moving the glass element to an on-axis position which approximately simultaneously changes the on/off state of the display module.

Multilayer film

A multilayer film comprises a substrate layer of polymeric material having on a first surface thereof a polyester heat-sealable layer, and on a second surface thereof a thermoset acrylic resin backing layer. The backing layer is preferably a discontinuous coating. The heat-sealable layer is optionally coated with a release layer, preferably a polyurethane resin release layer.

Additives to chlorine dioxide bleaching

A method has been developed which enhances the effectiveness of chlorine dioxide bleaching of lignocellulosic materials, It effected by adding to the chlorine dioxide bleaching stage an aldehyde compound at a concentration of from about 0.01 3'o to about 20 by weight of the oven-dried lignocellulosic material.

A METHOD TO CONTROL THE DISPERSIBILITY AND BARRIER PROPERTIES OF DRIED NANOCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE IN SOLUTIONS OF DIFFERENT pH AND IONIC STRENGTH

A new method to control the dispersibility of dried nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) by controlling solution pH and ionic strength is provided; when stable, non- reswellable acid-form NCC (H-NCC) films are placed in concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions, they swell but do not disperse; while sodium-form NCC (Na- NCC) or other NCC films having neutral monovalent counterions readily disperse in pure water, Na-NCC films placed in hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride as well as sodium hydroxide solutions of sufficient ionic strength swell, but do not disperse; similar properties are observed for freeze-dried NCC products. The dispersibility of these NCC films is a function of the ionic strength and the identity of the electrolyte solutions to which they are exposed. NCC films are envisaged that have barrier properties in an electrolyte solution but that disintegrate or disperse when rinsed with pure water at the end of their useful lifespan.

Improvements to semaphores for railway signals