UNDERWATER OPTICAL FIBRE CABLE

An underwater optical fibre cable includes two end portions, an extruded metal tube, at least one optical fibre and a polymeric sheath surrounding the extruded metal tube. The at least one optical fibre is housed in loose configuration in the extruded metal tube. The cable includes a controlled cathodic protection system connected to one of the end portions of the underwater cable and includes an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at one of the end portions of the underwater cable. 123-. (canceled)24. An underwater optical fibre cable comprising:two end portions;an extruded metal tube;at least one loosely housed optical fibre within the extruded metal tube;a polymeric sheath surrounding the extruded metal tube; anda controlled cathodic protection system comprising an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at one of the end portions of the underwater cable.25. The underwater optical fibre cable according to claim 24 , comprising a controlled cathodic protection system for each end portion of the underwater cable claim 24 , each controlled cathodic protection system comprising an anode bed arranged outside the underwater cable and an electric connection connecting the anode bed to the extruded metal tube of the underwater cable at a related end portion of the underwater cable.26. The underwater optical fibre cable according to claim 24 , wherein the underwater cable comprises at least one adhesive layer disposed between the extruded metal tube and the polymeric sheath.27. The underwater optical fibre cable according to claim 26 , wherein the adhesive layer comprises maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene.28. The underwater optical fibre cable according to claim 24 , comprising a predetermined electrical resistance suitable for maintaining a ...

SUBMARINE FLEXIBLE PIPE

Submarine flexible pipe includes a metal flexible carcass, an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the metal flexible carcass, a protective polymeric outer sheath and a mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to the protective polymeric outer sheath, the mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact. The mechanical armor structure includes a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the inner polymeric liner. The mechanical armor structure includes a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of the carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding. 115-. (canceled)16. A submarine flexible pipe , comprising:a metal flexible carcass;an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to said metal flexible carcass;a protective polymeric outer sheath; anda mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to said protective polymeric outer sheath, said mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact, said mechanical armor structure comprising a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to said inner polymeric liner, wherein said mechanical armor structure comprises a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of said carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding.17. The submarine flexible pipe according to claim 16 , wherein said mechanical armor structure comprises at least two overlapping tensile armor layers.18. The submarine flexible pipe according to claim 17 , wherein said carbon steel elongated elements of said at least two overlapping tensile armor layers are arranged according to long-pitch helical windings.19. The submarine flexible pipe according to claim 17 , wherein said at least two overlapping tensile armor layers ...

Cable Comprising an Element Indicating Water Infiltration and Method Using Said Element

A cable includes an indicating element for detecting the infiltration of water into the cable and a method using such indicating element.

ENERGY CABLE HAVING A CROSSLINKED ELECTRICALLY INSULATING SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING CROSSLINKING BY-PRODUCTS THEREFROM

An energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating system comprising an inner semiconducting layer, an insulating layer and an outer semiconducting layer and zeolite particles placed between the electric conductor and the inner semiconducting layer of the insulating system. The zeolite particles are able to efficiently extract and irreversibly absorb the by-products deriving from the cross-linking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. This allows to eliminate the high temperature, long lasting degassing process of the energy cable cores having a crosslinked insulating layer, or at least to reduce temperature and/or duration of the same, so as to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing costs. 1. An energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor , a crosslinked electrically insulating system comprising an inner semiconducting layer , an insulating layer and an outer semiconducting layer , and zeolite particles placed between the electric conductor and the inner semiconducting layer.2. Energy cable according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite particles are placed in contact with the inner semiconducting layer.3. Energy cable according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite particles are further placed into or in contact with the outer semiconducting layer.4. Energy cable according to claim 3 , wherein the zeolite particles are placed in contact with the outer semiconducting layer.5. Energy cable according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite particles are dispersed on a substrate claim 1 , such substrate including any of yarn or tape.6. Energy cable according to claim 1 , wherein the zeolite particles are present in an amount less than 0.01 g/cm.7. Energy cable according to claim 6 , wherein the zeolite particles are present in an amount at most of 0.008 g/cm.8. Energy cable according to claim 1 , wherein ...

Energy cable having a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and method for extracting crosslinking by-products therefrom

The present invention relates to an energy cable comprising a cable core comprising an electric conductor and a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, wherein the cable core further comprises a microporous material having a bimodal pore volume distribution with a first peak of the distribution having a maximum at a pore diameter value within the range 5.5-6.5 Å and a second peak of the distribution having a maximum at a pore diameter value within the range 7.5-8.5 Å, the maximum values of the first and the second peak corresponding to an incremental pore volume of at least 4×10−3 cm3/g. The present invention also relates to a method for extracting methane crosslinking by-products from a crosslinked electrically insulating layer of an energy cable.

ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION LINE COMPRISING A CORROSION-PROTECTED RACEWAY AND METHOD OF PROTECTING A RACEWAY FROM CORROSION

An electrical power transmission line includes: at least one electrical cable; a raceway made of ferromagnetic material including a base and a cover defining an inner housing space for housing the electrical cable; a wet basic filling material having a pH between 11 and 13 housed in the inner housing space and embedding the at least one electrical cable. In order to achieve corrosion protection of the raceway, the inner surface of the cover is in contact with a basic passivating material having a pH between 11 and 13. 128-. (canceled)30. The electrical power transmission line of claim 29 , wherein the basic passivating material has a pH from 10 to 14.31. The electrical power transmission line of claim 30 , wherein the basic passivating material has a pH from 11 to 13.32. The electrical power transmission line of claim 29 , wherein said ferromagnetic material is low carbon hot dip galvanized steel with a zinc layer firmly bonded thereto.33. The electrical power transmission line of claim 32 , wherein said zinc layer has a thickness between 15 and 30 μm.34. The electrical power transmission line of claim 29 , wherein said basic filling material is selected from: cement mortar claim 29 , alkaline sand claim 29 , or mixtures thereof.35. The electrical power transmission line of claim 34 , wherein said basic filling material is cement mortar having a pH between 11 and 12.36. The electrical power transmission line of claim 29 , wherein said basic passivating material is any one of: at least one water swellable material; a basic mortar having a pH from 10 to 14; or a polymeric porous material in direct contact with the wet basic filling material and having a sorptivity value from 5 to 50 (mm/min) and a mean pore diameter from 10 to 200 μm.37. The electrical power transmission line of claim 36 , wherein said at least one water swellable material is a superabsorbent polymer selected from: sodium polyacrylate claim 36 , polyacrylamide copolymer claim 36 , ethylene maleic ...

Armoured power cable

An armoured power cable is disclosed. The cable includes: at least one core comprising an electric conductor; and an armour surrounding the core, wherein the amour comprises at least one layer made of a metallic material having a tensile strength of at least 400 MPa and showing a weight loss from 0.01% to 0.1% after 30 days of exposure to a corrosive solution according to ASTM G3172 (2004). The cable has mechanical properties suitable for its handling and installation, for example, underwater, and its armour can be at least partially degraded over time after installation due to corrosion exerted by corrosive agents present in the installation environment, without impairing the mechanical properties of the other cable portions and without impairing its electric performance.

ENERGY CABLE HAVING A CROSSLINKED ELECTRICALLY INSULATING LAYER, AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING CROSSLINKING BY-PRODUCTS THEREFROM

An energy cable includes, at least one cable core including an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and zeolite particles placed in the cable core. The zeolite particles are able to extract and absorb, very efficiently and irreversibly, the by-products deriving from the cross-linking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. A method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a cross-linked electrically insulating layer of an energy cable core, which includes manufacturing the energy cable core containing zeolite particles, heating the energy cable core up to a temperature causing migration of the crosslinking by-products from the crosslinked electrically insulating layer; and then placing a metal screen around the energy cable core. 115-. (canceled)16. An energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor , a crosslinked electrically insulating layer , and zeolite particles placed in the cable core.17. The energy cable according to claim 16 , wherein the electric conductor is formed by a plurality of stranded electrically conducting filaments claim 16 , and the zeolite particles are placed within voids among said filaments.18. The energy cable according to claim 16 , wherein the cable core comprises at least one semiconducting layer.19. The energy cable according to claim 18 , wherein the zeolite particles are placed in contact with the semiconducting layer.20. The energy cable according to claim 19 , wherein the semiconducting layer s an outer semiconducting layer surrounding the electrically insulating layer.21. The energy cable according to claim 18 , wherein the zeolite particles are placed into a semiconducting layer.22. The energy cable according to claim 21 , wherein the semiconducting layer is an inner semiconducting layer surrounding the electric conductor.23. The energy cable according to claim 16 , wherein the zeolite particles are ...

Method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a crosslinked electrically insulating system of a power cable and related power cable

The present disclosure relates to an energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and particles of a zeolite system comprising at least a first zeolite and a second zeolite placed in the cable core. The particles of the first zeolite are able to extract and absorb, very efficiently and irreversibly, the by-products deriving from the cross-linking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. The particles of the second zeolite are able to absorb the water molecules that unexpectedly form from the dimerization/oligomerization and decomposition reaction of the crosslinking by-products upon their absorption on the first zeolite, so as to avoid the formation of water-trees in the insulating material. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a cross-linked electrically insulating layer of an energy cable core, which comprises manufacturing the energy cable core comprising particles of the above-said zeolite system, heating the energy cable core up to a temperature causing migration of the crosslinking by-products from the crosslinked electrically insulating layer; and then placing a metal screen around the energy cable core.

Method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a crosslinked electrically insulating system of a power cable and related power cable

An energy cable comprises at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and particles of a zeolite system comprising at least a first zeolite and a second zeolite placed in the cable core. A method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a cross-linked electrically insulating layer of an energy cable core comprises manufacturing the energy cable core comprising particles of the above-said zeolite system, heating the energy cable core up to a temperature causing migration of the crosslinking by-products from the crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and placing a metal screen around the energy cable core.

METHOD FOR EXTRACTING CROSS-LINKING BYPRODUCTS FROM A CROSS-LINKED ELECTRICAL INSULATION SYSTEM OF A POWER CABLE AND ITS POWER CABLE.

Cable comprising an element indicating water infiltration and method using said element

The present invention relates to a cable comprising an indicating element for detecting the infiltration of water into the cable and to a method using such indicating element.

Method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a crosslinked electrically insulating system of a power cable and related power cable

The present disclosure relates to an energy cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electric conductor, a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and particles of a zeolite system comprising at least a first zeolite and a second zeolite placed in the cable core. The particles of the first zeolite are able to extract and absorb, very efficiently and irreversibly, the by-products deriving from the crosslinking reaction, so as to avoid space charge accumulation in the insulating material during cable lifespan. The particles of the second zeolite are able to absorb the water molecules that unexpectedly form from the dimerization/oligomerization and decomposition reaction of the crosslinking by-products upon their absorption on the first zeolite, so as to avoid the formation of water-trees in the insulating material. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for extracting crosslinking by-products from a cross-linked electrically insulating layer of an energy cable core, which comprises manufacturing the energy cable core comprising particles of the above-said zeolite system, heating the energy cable core up to a temperature causing migration of the crosslinking by-products from the crosslinked electrically insulating layer; and then placing a metal screen around the energy cable core.

"submarine fiber optic cable, and method for protecting a submarine fiber optic cable".

"cabo submarino de fibra óptica,e, método para proteger um cabo submarino de fibra óptica" um cabo submarino de fibra óptica compreende duas porções extremas (3a, 3b), um tubo de metal extrusado (4), pelo menos uma fibra óptica (5) e uma bainha polimérica (6) que circunda o tubo de metal extrusado (4). a pelo menos uma fibra óptica é alojada em configuração frouxa no tubo de metal extrusado (4). o cabo compreende um sistema de proteção catódica controlado (12) conectado a uma das porções extremas (3a,3b) do cabo submarino (2) e compreende um leito de anodo (camada) (13) arranjado fora do cabo submarino, e uma conexão elétrica (14) que conecta o leito de anodo (13) ao tubo de metal extrusado (4) do cabo submarino (2) na uma das porções extremas do cabo submarino (2). "fiber optic submarine cable, and method for protecting a fiber optic submarine cable" an optical fiber submarine cable comprises two end portions (3a, 3b), an extruded metal tube (4), at least one optical fiber ( 5) and a polymeric sheath (6) surrounding the extruded metal tube (4). At least one optical fiber is housed loosely in the extruded metal tube (4). the cable comprises a controlled cathodic protection system (12) connected to one of the end portions (3a, 3b) of the subsea cable (2) and comprises an anode bed (layer) (13) arranged outside the subsea cable, and a connection (14) that connects the anode bed (13) to the extruded metal tube (4) of the underwater cable (2) at one of the extreme portions of the underwater cable (2).

Cable comprising an element indicating water infiltration and method using said element

The present invention relates to a cable comprising an indicating element for detecting the infiltration of water into the cable and to a method using such indicating element.

cable, process for producing a cable, and method for detecting the absence of water contamination in a cable

POWER CABLE AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING HALF-PRODUCTS

a presente invenção se refere a um cabo de energia que compreende pelo menos um núcleo de cabo que compreende um condutor elétrico, uma camada reticulada eletricamente isolante, e partículas de um sistema de zeólito que compreende pelo menos um primeiro zeólito e um segundo zeólito colocados no núcleo de cabo. as partículas do primeiro zeólito têm capacidade para extrair e absorver, muito eficiente e irreversivelmente, sendo que os subprodutos derivam da reação de reticulação, de modo a evitar acumulação de carga espacial no material isolante durante vida útil de cabo. as partículas do segundo zeólito têm capacidade para absorver as moléculas de água que formam inesperadamente a partir da reação de dimerização/oligomerização e decomposição dos subprodutos de reticulação após sua absorção no primeiro zeólito, de modo a evitar a formação de árvores aquáticas no material isolante. além disso, a presente invenção se refere a um método para extrair subprodutos de reticulação de uma camada reticulada eletricamente isolante de um núcleo de cabo de energia, que compreende fabricar o núcleo de cabo de energia que compreende partículas do dito sistema de zeólito acima, aquecer o núcleo de cabo de energia até uma temperatura que causa migração dos subprodutos de reticulação da camada reticulada eletricamente isolante; e então colocar uma tela de metal ao redor do núcleo de cabo de energia. the present invention relates to a power cable comprising at least one cable core comprising an electrical conductor, an electrically insulating cross-linked layer, and particles from a zeolite system comprising at least a first zeolite and a second zeolite placed in the cable core. the particles of the first zeolite have the capacity to extract and absorb, very efficiently and irreversibly, and the by-products are derived from the crosslinking reaction, in order to avoid the accumulation of space charge in the insulating material during the life of the cable. the particles of the second ...

Underwater optical fibre cable

Electrical power transmission line comprising a corrosion-protected raceway and method of protecting a raceway from corrosion

An electrical power transmission line (1) is described, comprising: at least one electrical cable (3); a raceway (2) made of ferromagnetic material comprising a base (5) and a cover (6) defining an inner housing space (9) for housing the electrical cable (3); a wet basic filling material (7) having a pH comprised between 11 and 13 housed in the inner housing space (9) and embedding said at least one electrical cable (3). In order to achieve corrosion protection of the raceway (2) the inner surface of the cover (6) is in contact with a basic passivating material having a pH comprised between 11 and 13.

Energy cable having a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and method for extracting crosslinking by-products therefrom

Energy cable having a crosslinked electrically insulating layer, and method for extracting crosslinking by-products therefrom

Submarine flexible pipe

Submarine flexible pipe includes a metal flexible carcass, an inner polymeric liner arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the metal flexible carcass, a protective polymeric outer sheath and a mechanical armor structure arranged in a radially inner position with respect to the protective polymeric outer sheath, the mechanical armor structure being potentially exposed to water contact. The mechanical armor structure includes a pressure resistant armor and a tensile armor arranged in a radially outer position with respect to the inner polymeric liner. The mechanical armor structure includes a plurality of carbon steel elongated elements, each of the carbon steel elongated elements being coated by an aluminum cladding.

Cable comprising an element indicating water infiltration and method using said element

A cable includes an indicating element for detecting the infiltration of water into the cable and a method using such indicating element.

Electrical power transmission line comprising a corrosion-protected raceway and method of protecting a raceway from corrosion

An electrical power transmission line includes: at least one electrical cable; a raceway made of ferromagnetic material including a base and a cover defining an inner housing space for housing the electrical cable; a wet basic filling material having a pH between 11 and 13 housed in the inner housing space and embedding the at least one electrical cable. In order to achieve corrosion protection of the raceway, the inner surface of the cover is in contact with a basic passivating material having a pH between 11 and 13.