Tarp covering system.

PROCESS AND DEVICE OF DIAGNOSIS Of a CATALYST HAVE STORAGE OF Nox IN LABRANCHE Of EXHAUST Of an INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Manufacturing composite wafer, comprises depositing molding composition having carbon powder and pitch on second side of semiconductor wafer and annealing deposited composition to form graphite carrier attached to semiconductor wafer

Procédé de fabrication d'une tranche (13) composite, on se procure une tranche de support comprenant une couche de graphite, on se procure une tranche (10) semiconductrice monocristalline ayant une première face (11) et une deuxième face (12) ; et on forme une couche de liaison sur au moins l'une de la première face (11) de la tranche semiconductrice et de la couche de graphite de la tranche de support.

Beschriftungsring

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wasserzähler mit einem in einem Zählergehäuse (2) angeordneten Messeinsatz (4), mit je einem dem Zählergehäuse (2) zugeordneten Zulaufanschluss (10) und Ablaufanschluss (12) und mit einer Anzeigeeinrichtung (6), wobei dem Zählergehäuse (2) eine individuelle, gerätespezifische Kennzeichnung (28) zugeordnet ist, welche auf einem separaten Kennzeichnungsteil angegeben ist. DOLLAR A Das erfindungsgemäße Kennzeichnungsteil ist zweiteilig ausgebildet und aus einem Befestigungselement (A) und einem Kennzeichnungselement (B) zusammengesetzt. Das Befestigungselement (A) und das Kennzeichnungselement (B) sind dazu fest miteinander verbunden und das Befestigungselement (A) ist ein unlösbar mit dem Zählergehäuse (2) oder gegen ein nachträgliches Entfernen vom Zählergehäuse (2) gesichertes Teil.

Method for producing especially soles in mechanical shoes-production

INSULATION ELEMENT FOR TOP LINING OF VAPOUR GENERATORS

MICROMECHANICAL COMPONENT, LIGHTING DEVICE WITH A MAGNETIC COMPONENT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

Composant micromécanique (100) ayant un micro-miroir (3) installé dans un boîtier (2) ayant une fenêtre de lumière (12), un circuit d'exploitation (1) ayant une face (V1) et un dos (R1), et un élément de contact métallique (5) dans un logement (A1) du circuit (1) et en contact avec la face (V1) et/ou le dos (R1). L'élément (5) a un orifice (O1) entouré par l'élément de contact (5). Le boîtier (2) est installé sur l'élément (5) pour que la surface de montage (M1) du boîtier (2) entourant la fenêtre (12) touche l'élément (5) et couvre au moins partiellement la fenêtre (12).

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PURIFICATION OF GASEOUS EFFLUENTS

Pour l'épuration d'un effluent gazeux contenant des composés carbonés et des oxydes d'azote au moyen d'un système de postcombustion régénérateur, il est prévu au moins deux régénérateurs (A, B, C) remplis de corps accumulateurs de chaleur (7a, 7b, 7c) et reliés par une chambre de combustion (10), selon lequel l'effluent gazeux est alternativement chauffé dans un régénérateur (A, B, C), les composés carbonés sont oxydés dans la chambre de combustion (10) et, avec l'ajout d'un composé contenant de l'azote et de l'hydrogène, les oxydes d'azote sont réduits dans la chambre de combustion (10) par voie thermique et donc, non catalytique. Les oxydes d'azote restants sont éliminés au moyen d'une couche d'accumulateur de chaleur catalytiquement active (6a, 6b, 6c) et de l'ajout d'un composé contenant de l'azote et de l'hydrogène supplémentaire dans le régénérateur (A, B, C) à partir duquel le gaz propre sort.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING THIN OF WRITING SYMBOLS

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE WAFER HAVING A GRAPHITE CORE, AND COMPOSITE WAFER HAVING A GRAPHITE CORE

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE WAFER HAVING A GRAPHITE CORE, AND COMPOSITE WAFER HAVING A GRAPHITE CORE

PROJECTOR OF MOTOR VEHICLE

TAILGATE FOR the EJECTION OF BODY OF SUBMUNITIONS Of a PROJECTILE

Aircraft i.e. Boeing 747 cargo aircraft, has stowing/guiding devices covering structural floor beam such that lateral load applied on devices is transferred to floor beam, where devices maintain pallet without using straps

Un système de chargement de fret capable de maintenir une palette le long d'un axe central d'un avion cargo et à l'extérieur d'une zone du caisson de voilure de l'avion comprend un certain nombre de dispositifs. On trouve parmi ces dispositifs des dispositifs d'arrimage d'extrémité de l'axe central montés sur l'axe central (902), au moins un panneau à roulette monté sur un côté de la soute à marchandises depuis une porte latérale de l'avion, et une pluralité de dispositifs d'arrimage mécaniques montés sur un plancher de la soute à marchandises de chaque côté de l'axe central et à l'extérieur de la zone du caisson de voilure (970). Les dispositifs d'arrimage d'extrémité de l'axe central possèdent chacun au moins une tête de verrouillage rétractable configurée pour venir en prise avec une extrémité d'une palette.

PROCESS AND CONTROLLER TO CONTROL a CATALYST Of OXIDATION AND a DEVICE OF POSTPROCESSING OF EXHAUST FUMES Of a COMBUSTION ENGINE

Procédé (71) selon lequel on saisit une première grandeur de capteur (x1, y1) représentant la composition des gaz d'échappement (43) entrant dans le catalyseur d'oxydation (29) et une seconde grandeur de mesure de capteur (x2, y2) représentant la composition des gaz d'échappement (49) sortant du catalyseur d'oxydation (29). On saisit la première grandeur de mesure de capteur (x1, y1) à l'aide d'au moins un premier capteur de potentiel, mixte, (45, 47) installé en amont du catalyseur d'oxydation selon le sens de passage des gaz d'échappement, et on saisit la seconde grandeur de mesure de capteur (x2, y2) à l'aide d'un second capteur de potentiel, mixte, (51, 53) installé derrière le catalyseur d'oxydation (29) dans le sens de passage des gaz d'échappement, et on vérifie l'aptitude au fonctionnement du catalyseur d'oxydation (29) en comparant (92) la première mesure (x1, y1) à la seconde mesure (x2, y2).

Procedure for determining offset signal value from NOx detector in IC engine exhaust system, uses signal values taken during stoichiometric operating mode

L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à la détermination d'une valeur de décalage dite OFFSET de NOx dans un dispositif sensible aux NOx (9, 10) placé en aval d'un moteur à combustion interne (1) pour la détermination de la concentration en NOx dans les gaz d'échappement du moteur à combustion interne (1). On fait fonctionner le moteur à combustion interne (1) avec un rapport stoechiométrique (λ = 1) d'air et de carburant ; au moyen du dispositif sensible aux NOx (9, 10), des valeurs de la concentration en NOx dans les gaz d'échappement sont déterminées pendant ce régime stoechiométrique, et une valeur représentative des valeurs déterminées est identifiée en tant que valeur offset. L'invention concerne en outre un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif à semi-conducteur, caractérisé en ce que : on se procure un substrat (10) semi-conducteur ; on met sur le substrat (10) un dispositif (75) à semi-conducteur ayant une face (25) arrière et une face (13) avant ; on met une couche (50) de contact sur la face (25) ; on réalise une liaison de la couche (50) avec un support (70) auxiliaire et on sépare le dispositif (75) du substrat (10).

COMBINE HARVESTER, REAPER IN PARTICULAR, INCLUDING/UNDERSTANDING a OUTILFRONTAL COMPOSES Of AT LEAST TWO FOLDING PARTS

METHOD FOR MODIFYING THE CARGO HOLD OF AN AIRCRAFT TO RECEIVE STANDARD PALLETS OF DIFFERENT WAVELENGTHS, KIT THEREFOR AND AN AIRCRAFT COMPRISING

DEVICE OF MEASUREMENT OF THE WEIGHT ACTING ON A SEAT OF VEHICLE AND AMENAGEMENTDU SITS FOR THIS PURPOSE

MANUFACTORING PROCESS Of a COMPOSITE SECTION HAVING a GRAPHITE CORE, AND SLICES COMPOSITE HAVING a GRAPHITE CORE

Procédé de fabrication d'une tranche (13) composite, caractérisé en ce qu'on se procure une tranche de support comprenant une couche de graphite, on se procure une tranche (10) semiconductrice monocristalline ayant une première face (11) et une deuxième face (12) ; et on forme une couche de liaison sur au moins l'une de la première face (11) de la tranche semiconductrice et de la couche de graphite de la tranche de support.

MECHANISM Of INKING FOR ROTARY PRESSES Of IMPRESSION COMPRISING OF the MEANS FOR the REPLACEMENT OF the INK ROLLERS

MICROMECHANICAL COMPONENT AND ILLUMINATION DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A COMPONENT

Composant micromécanique (100) ayant un micro-miroir (3) logé dans un boîtier de miroir (2) muni d'une fenêtre d'entrée et/ou de sortie de lumière (12), et un boîtier (G1) ayant un côté inférieur (U1) et un côté supérieur (O1). Le boîtier (G1) est librement accessible dans la direction latérale (L) et le côté supérieur (O1) comporte un circuit d'exploitation (A1). Un socle de contact métallique (K1) est placé dans un orifice de réception (A 10) réalisé dans le côté intérieur (O1) du boîtier (G1) de façon à avoir une ouverture (10) au niveau du socle (K1) entre la face (V1) du côté inférieur (U1) jusqu'au dos (R1) du côté inférieur (U1) en étant encadrée par le socle. Le boîtier de miroir (2) se trouve sur le socle de contact métallique (K1), et une plaque de circuit souple (1) relie électroniquement le circuit d'exploitation (A1) au boîtier de miroir (2).

COMPOSITE WAFER AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME

Plaquette (10) composite qui comprend : - un substrat (11) comprenant un cœur (12) en carbone poreux et une couche (14) d'encapsulation, et - une couche (18) fonctionnelle à base de SiC liée sur le substrat (11), la couche (18) fonctionnelle comprenant, à une région (17) d'interface avec la couche (14) d'encapsulation, au moins un carbure formé par la réaction d'une partie de la couche (18) fonctionnelle sur un métal formant du carbure, la quantité de métal formant du carbure intégrée sur l'épaisseur de la couche (18) fonctionnelle allant de 10-4 mg/cm2 à 0,1 mg/cm2.

VERFAHREN ZUR TOLERANZBANDREGELUNG DER HAUPTREGELGROESSE EINES REGELSYSTEMS

METHOD FOR OBTAINING OF DEPOSTEROID ESTERS

HALTEKLAMMER ZUR BEFESTIGUNG EINES DURCHLAUFERHITZERS MIT WARMHALTEPLATTE FUER KAFFEEMASCHINEN

Mittel zur Bekaempfung von Botrytis

Fungizide Mittel

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES MITTELS GEGEN RETROVIRALE ERKRANKUNGEN

Elektrische Drucksperre an Waagen

CONNECTING DEVICE FOR LIMITING VOLTAGE

APPARATUS FOR PEST CATCHING

Druckgeber fuer ein hydrostatisches Gestaenge, insbesondere fuer hydraulische Maschinensteuerungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von N-Thiodichlorfluormethylsuflonyldiamiden

Pigment with improved lustre

HERBICIDE MEANS

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES MITTELS GEGEN RETROVIRALE ERKRANKUNGEN

Coriolis-Massendurchflussmessgerät

Coriolis-Massendurchflussmessgerät mit einem in gekoppelten Biege- und Torsionsmoden schwingenden Messrohr (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein bezüglich einer Rotationssymmetrieachse drehsymmetrisch ausgebildetes, in Torsionsschwingungen gleicher Frequenz, aber entgegengesetzer Phasenlage zu den Torsionsschwingungsmoden des Messrohres (2) versetzbares Anbauteil (20) mechanisch mit dem Messrohr (2) verbunden ist und die Rotationssymmetrieachse des Anbauteils parallel zu der durch die Mittelpunkte (4a, 6a) der Messstreckeneinlass- und Messstreckenauslassquerschnittsflächen (4, 6) festgelegten Geraden (8) (Zentralachse) verläuft oder mit dieser zusammenfällt.

Abreisskopfschraube

Radarantennensystem

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallhydroxiden oder basischen Metallcarbonaten

Es wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallhydroxiden oder basischen Metallcarbonaten durch anodische Auflösung entsprechender Metalle und Fällung der Hydroxide bzw. basischen Carbonate in wässrigem Medium beschrieben, bei dem die anodische Auflösung der Metallkomponente in der Anodenkammer einer Dreikammerelektrolysezelle erfolgt, der zwischen Anodenkammer und Kathodenkammer angeordneten und von diesen durch poröse Membranen abgetrennten Zwischenkammer kontinuierlich eine wässrige Hilfssalzlösung zugeführt wird, der Anodenkammer kontinuierlich eine mindestens nicht alkalische Metallsalzlösung entnommen wird, der Kathodenkammer kontinuierlich eine alkalische Hilfssalzlösung entnommen wird und die mindestens nicht alkalische Metallsalzlösung und die alkalische Hilfssalzlösung außerhalb der Elektrolysezelle zur Ausfällung von Metallhydroxiden bzw. basischen Metallcarbonaten vereinigt werden.

DEVICE FOR PREVENTING DAMAGES OF DIRECT CURRENT GEARS WITH REGULATION OF THE ROTATION VELOCITY

Pneumatischer, sich selbst zurueckstellender Genauigkeitssprungschalter

Steering column switch for motor vehicle, has elongated measuring unit attached at control lever so that lever deformation is measured by using control device in measuring unit during application of force, where device actuates switch

The switch has a sensor device with an elongated measuring device. A control lever is designed such that the lever is selectively deformed by applying actuating force. The elongated measuring unit is attached at the lever so that the deformation of the lever is measured by using a control device utilized in the measuring unit during application of the force. The control device is provided for actuating the switch. The control lever is rigidly fixed at a steering column of the motor vehicle.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING METAL ELECTROLYTE-PROOF HANNEL FOR STORAGE BATTERIES

APPARATUS FOR DROPPING IN WATER OF SAVING BOATS

Bacterial plasmids

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONDINUOUS LEADING OFF AND REDUCTION OF CONDENSATE PRESSURE

METHOD FOR PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS OF FRUIT PARTS DAMAGED BY PRESSING

具有自清洁表面的基材及其制备方法和用途

... 具有自清洁表面的基材，所述基材具体指玻璃、陶瓷、塑料或金属基材，或者是釉面或搪瓷基材，所述基材包括位于其上的至少部分表面疏水化和结构化(突起和凹陷)的涂层。根据本发明的基材含有用来形成涂层结构的平均粒径小于100nm，特别是5nm到小于50nm的颗粒。根据本发明的用来形成本发明基材的结构化涂层的组合物含有重量比为100∶1到1∶2的，特别是20∶1到1∶1的形成结构的颗粒和成层材料。所述涂层不但具有良好的自清洁性，而且具有优良的透明度。所述基材的用途特别针对各种不同的玻璃物件。 ...

METHOD FOR OBTAINING OF DEPOSTEROID ESTERS

CHEMICO-THERAPEUTICAL REMEDY FOR VIRUSES ON CULTIVATED PLANTS

Process for dynamic channel allocation in mobile radio networks

SINCHRONIZED APPARATUS FOR GEAR BOX ESPECIALLY FOR VEIHCLES

PREPARATION OF METAL OXIDE SOLS BY ELECTROLYSIS

PRESSURE PUMP DEVICE FOR A HYBRID VEHICLE

A pressure pump device for a hybrid vehicle, which is drivable by a combustion engine having a fuel pressure accumulator and by an electric drive. The pressure pump device includes a pressure pump, which is mechanically connectable to the electric drive for supplying fuel to the fuel pressure accumulator. 110-. (canceled)11. A pressure pump device for a hybrid vehicle , which is drivable by a combustion engine having a fuel pressure accumulator and by an electric drive , comprising:a pressure pump that is mechanically connectable to the electric drive for supplying fuel to the fuel pressure accumulator.12. The pressure pump device of claim 11 , further comprising:a rotational speed changing device for lowering or increasing a rotational speed, wherein the pressure pump is mechanically connectable by the rotational speed changing device to the electric drive, in particular to a shaft of the electric drive.13. The pressure pump device of claim 11 , further comprising:a metering unit control unit to control a metering unit of the pressure pump for setting a fuel delivery quantity as a function of a drive mode, in particular in the exclusively electric drive mode.14. The pressure pump device of claim 11 , further comprising:a diagnostic unit for detecting the performance of the pressure pump in a predetermined drive mode, in particular in a coasting operating mode or in an exclusively electric drive mode, wherein the diagnostic unit is configured to detect an output pressure of the pressure pump for detecting an actuating characteristic of a metering unit of the pressure pump or for detecting an actuating characteristic of a pressure control valve of the pressure pump or for detecting an output pressure curve, in particular as a function of an electrical value of the electric drive.15. The pressure pump device of claim 11 , wherein it is configured to switch on or switch off the electric drive to increase or lower the fuel pressure in the fuel pressure accumulator claim ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING A HYDRAULIC HYBRID VEHICLE

The invention relates to a method for operating a hydraulic hybrid vehicle () having a primary () and a hydraulic () drive unit, which is operated with a hydraulic medium for creating a positive or negative torque, said medium being delivered in different operational states by means of the hydraulic drive unit () from a hydropneumatic low pressure accumulator () into a hydropneumatic high pressure accumulator () or is discharged from the hydropneumatic high pressure accumulator () into the hydropneumatic low pressure accumulator () for driving the hydraulic drive unit (). In order to further increase the safety and/or the driving comfort during the operation of the hydraulic hybrid vehicle having a primary drive unit and a hydraulic drive unit, the pressure and/or the temperature or a change of the pressure and/or the temperature is detected in the hydropneumatic high pressure accumulator () in order to monitor the torque generated by the hydraulic drive unit (). 12561211611126116. A method for operating a hydraulic hybrid vehicle () having a primary drive unit () and a hydraulic drive unit () , which , to generate a positive or negative torque , is operated with a hydraulic medium which , in different operational states , is delivered from a hydropneumatic low-pressure accumulator () into a hydropneumatic high-pressure accumulator () with the aid of the hydraulic drive unit () or discharged from the hydropneumatic high-pressure accumulator () into the hydropneumatic low-pressure accumulator () in order to drive the hydraulic drive unit () , characterized in that one or more first conditions in the hydropneumatic high-pressure accumulator () are detected in order to monitor the torque generated by the hydraulic drive unit ().213116. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that one or more second conditions in a gas bubble () of the hydropneumatic high-pressure accumulator () are detected in order to monitor the torque generated by the hydraulic drive ...

JOINING METHOD AND JOINING APPLIANCE

A method for joining studs to workpieces, in particular for the purpose of stud welding, comprising the steps of acquiring a distinguishing dimension of a stud to be joined by the application of a sensing element to the stud and through measurement of a travel distance of the sensing element as it is applied to the stud; and then joining the stud to a workpiece, if the dimension of the stud is within an allowable tolerance range, and the allowable tolerance range is adapted in dependence on the travel distance of the sensing element measured during a preceding method step. 1. A method for joining studs to workpieces , in particular for the purpose of stud welding , comprising the steps of:acquiring a distinguishing dimension of a stud to be joined, through application of a sending element to the stud and through measurement of a travel distance of the sensing element required for this purpose; andjoining the stud to a workpiece, if the distinguishing dimension of the stud is within an allowable tolerance range, and the allowable tolerance range is adapted in dependence on the travel distance of the sensing element during a preceding method step.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , for the purpose of adaptation of the allowable tolerance range the travel distance of the sensing element is measured during application to a stud joined during a preceding joining operation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the allowable tolerance range is adapted in dependence on the travel distances of the sensing element measured during a plurality of preceding joining operations.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the allowable tolerance range is adapted in dependence on a sliding mean value of the travel distances of the sensing element measured during the plurality of preceding joining operations.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the adaptation of the allowable tolerance range is effected only if the distinguishing dimension of the stud in the preceding joining ...

Hydrophobic Cellulosic Substrates And Methods For Producing The Same

Methods for rendering a cellulosic substrate hydrophobic include providing a plurality of halosilane compounds comprising at least a first halosilane compound and a second halosilane compound different from the first halosilane compound, wherein the plurality of halosilane compounds comprises a total halosilane concentration comprising 20 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes, 70 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes and dihalosilanes and at least 30 percent of trihalosilanes and tetrahalosilanes, and, treating the cellulosic substrate with the plurality of halosilane compounds, wherein the plurality of halosilane compounds are applied as one or more liquids. 1. A method for rendering a cellulosic substrate hydrophobic , the method comprising:providing a plurality of halosilane compounds comprising at least a first halosilane compound and a second halosilane compound different from the first halosilane compound, wherein the plurality of halosilane compounds comprises a total halosilane concentration comprising 20 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes, 70 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes and dihalosilanes and at least 30 percent of trihalosilanes and tetrahalosilanes; and,treating the cellulosic substrate with the plurality of halosilane compounds, wherein the plurality of halosilane compounds are applied as one or more liquids.2. The method of wherein each of the plurality of halosilane compounds comprises the formula RSiClHwhere n=0-3 claim 1 , m=1-4 claim 1 , and R is an alkyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , aralkyl claim 1 , or alkaryl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms.3. The method of wherein each of the halosilane compounds is selected from methyltrichlorosilane claim 1 , dimethyldichlorosilane claim 1 , ethyltrichlorosilane claim 1 , diethyldichlorosilane claim 1 , propyltrichlorosilane claim 1 , diphenyldichlorosilane claim 1 , octyltrichlorosilane claim 1 , and tetrachlorosilane.4. The method of wherein the plurality of halosilane compounds is ...

APPARATUS FOR DETERMINATION OF ELECTRICAL WELDING CIRCUIT VARIABLES

A stud welding apparatus comprising a power supply including power electronics operable for supplying a variable welding voltage together with one of a pilot current and a welding current that is much larger than the pilot current; and a current measuring circuit operable for measuring the electrical current to the weld head; and an input circuit electrically connected between the power electronics and the power supply output, the input circuit including a first inductance, a first resistance, and a switch operable to bridge the first inductance and the first resistance; and a welding circuit electrically connected between the power supply output and the weld stud, the welding circuit having a welding circuit resistance and a welding circuit inductance, and the welding circuit inductance is much smaller than the first inductance of the input circuit; and a voltage measuring device is operable for measuring a voltage across the welding circuit. 1. A stud welding apparatus for drawn arc welding of a stud to a work piece , the stud welding apparatus including:a welding head assembly including a stud holder for holding the weld stud, the welding head movable between a first position, wherein the weld stud is out of contact with the work piece, and a second position, wherein the weld stud contacts the work piece;{'sub': p', 's, 'a power supply including power electronics operable for supplying a variable welding voltage to an output of the power supply, and the power electronics is operable to produce an electrical current (I) including one of a pilot current (I) and a welding current (I), and the welding current is much larger than the pilot current;'}a current measuring circuit electrically connected between the power electronics and power supply output, the measuring circuit operable for measuring the electrical current (I) to the weld head;an input circuit electrically connected between the power electronics and the power supply output, the input circuit including a ...

Biodegradable Hydrophobic Cellulosic Substrates And Methods For Their Production Using Reactive Silanes

A method for rendering a substrate hydrophobic while maintaining its biodegradability includes treating the substrate with a reactive silane such that the reactive silane forms a resin in the interstitial spaces of the substrate. The method parameters are controlled such that the resulting hydrophobic cellulosic substrate is compostable. 1. A method comprising:1) penetrating a substrate with a reactive silane; and2) forming a resin from the reactive silane;where the product of step 2) is both hydrophobic and biodegradable.3. The method of claim 1 , where the product of step 2) is compostable.4. The method of claim 1 , where the product of step 2) meets ASTM D6868-03.5. The method of claim 1 , where the product of step 2) contains less than 1% of the resin.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: step 3) exposing the substrate to a basic compound claim 1 , where the product of step 3) is both hydrophobic and biodegradable.7. The method of claim 6 , where the basic compound comprises an ammonia gas.8. The method of claim 6 , where the product of step 3) is compostable.9. The method of claim 6 , where the product of step 3) meets ASTM D6868-03.10. The method of claim 6 , where the product of step 3) contains less than 1% of the resin.11. The method of claim 1 , where the reactive silane is provided in a solution comprising the reactive silane and one or more additional ingredients.12. The method of claim 11 , where the solution further comprises a solvent.13. The method of claim 12 , where the solvent is pentane claim 12 , hexane claim 12 , heptane claim 12 , or petroleum ether.16. The article of claim 14 , where the article is compostable.17. The article of claim 14 , where the article meets ASTM D6868-03.18. The article of claim 14 , where the substrate comprises paper claim 14 , cardboard claim 14 , boxboard claim 14 , wood claim 14 , wood products claim 14 , wallboard claim 14 , textiles claim 14 , starches claim 14 , cotton or wool.19. The article of claim ...

Biodegradable Hydrophobic Cellulosic Substrates And Methods For Their Production Using Halosilanes

A method for rendering a substrate hydrophobic while maintaining its biodegradability includes treating the substrate with a halosilane such that the halosilane forms a silicone resin in the interstitial spaces of the substrate. The method parameters can be controlled such that the resulting hydrophobic cellulosic substrate is compostable. 2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: step 3) exposing the substrate to a basic compound claim 1 , where the product of step 3) is both hydrophobic and biodegradable.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. The method of claim 1 , where the product of step 2) contains less than 1% of the silicone resin.6. The method of claim 1 , where the halosilane comprises the formula RSiClHwhere subscript a has a value ranging from 0 to 3 claim 1 , subscript b has a value ranging from 1 to 4 claim 1 , and R is an alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , aralkyl claim 1 , or alkaryl group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms.7. The method of claim 6 , where the halosilane is applied as a liquid in step 1).8. The method of claim 6 , where the halosilane is applied as a vapor in step 1).9. (canceled)10. The method of claim 1 , where the halosilane is provided in a solution comprising the halosilane and one or more additional ingredients.1114.-. (canceled)16. The method of claim 15 , further comprising: 3) step exposing the substrate to a basic compound claim 15 , where the product of step 3) is both hydrophobic and biodegradable.17. The method of claim 15 , where the plurality of halosilanes comprises at least a first halosilane and a second halosilane different from the first halosilane claim 15 , wherein the plurality of halosilanes comprises a total halosilane concentration comprising 20 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes claim 15 , 70 mole percent or less of monohalosilanes and dihalosilanes and at least 30 percent of trihalosilanes and tetrahalosilanes.1820.-. (canceled)21. The method of claim 15 , where the plurality of halosilanes is ...

Hydrophobic Substrates And Methods For Their Production Using Acyloxysilanes

A method for rendering a substrate hydrophobic includes treating the substrate with an acyloxysilane. The treatment includes impregnating the substrate with an acyloxysilane and thereafter curing (hydrolyzing and condensing the acyloxysilane) to form a silicone resin. The method is particularly useful for rendering paper hydrophobic. 1. A method comprising:A) penetrating a substrate with an acyloxysilane and/or a prepolymer thereof, andB) forming a resin from the acyloxysilane and/or the prepolymer.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , where the acyloxysilane is in liquid form.5. The method of claim 1 , where the acyloxysilane is in vapor form.6. The method of claim claim 1 , further comprising adding a catalyst in step A)7. The method of claim 1 , where a solution comprising the acyloxysilane and a solvent is used in step A).811.-. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , where step A) is performed by dropping claim 1 , spraying claim 1 , or pouring the acyloxysilane onto one or more surfaces of the substrate claim 1 , by passing the substrate through a contained amount of the acyloxysilane; or by dipping the substrate in the acyloxysilane.13. (canceled)14. The method of claim 7 , where step A) is performed by exposing the substrate to the solution in vapor form.1517.-. (canceled)18. The method of claim 1 , where the substrate is a cellulosic substrate.19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. A hydrophobic cellulosic substrate prepared by the method of .22. The method of claim 1 , where the substrate is a building material.23. A hydrophobic building material prepared by the method of .24. A hydrophobic substrate comprising:a low surface area substrate; and,0.01 weight percent to 10 weight percent of a silicone resin, wherein the silicone resin is produced from treating the substrate with an acyloxysilane and/or a prepolymer thereof.25. (canceled)26. (canceled)27. The hydrophobic substrate of claim 2 , where the cellulosic substrate comprises paper claim 2 , cardboard claim 2 ...

AEROSOL GENERATOR

Aerosol generator having a liquid reservoir () defining in a sealed state a volume Vconfigured to hold an initial volume of liquid V; a membrane () having openings, the liquid reservoir () being connected to the membrane () to feed the liquid to one side of the membrane, the membrane being oscillatable to transport the liquid through the openings whereby the liquid is emitted in the form of an aerosol on the other side of the membrane, wherein the volume Vof the liquid reservoir () before the membrane () is oscillated is configured to contain more than 5 ml of gas at an initial volume of the liquid Vof at least 5 ml. 1. Aerosol generator having:{'sub': R', 'L, 'a liquid reservoir defining in a sealed state a volume Vconfigured to hold an initial volume of liquid V;'}a membrane having openings, the liquid reservoir being connected to the membrane to feed the liquid to one side of the membrane, the membrane being oscillatable to transport the liquid through the openings whereby the liquid is emitted in the form of an aerosol on the other side of the membrane,{'sub': R', 'L, 'wherein the volume Vof the liquid reservoir before the membrane is oscillated is configured to contain more than 5 ml of gas at an initial volume of the liquid Vof at least 5 ml.'}2. Aerosol generator according to claim 1 , wherein the initial volume of the liquid Vis at least 6 ml claim 1 , preferably at least 8 ml.3. Aerosol generator according to claim 1 , wherein the volume Vof the liquid reservoir is at least 6 ml of gas claim 1 , preferably at least 8 ml of gas.4. Aerosol generator according to having a negative pressure generating device cooperating with the liquid reservoir so as to increase an initial volume Vof the liquid reservoir before the membrane is oscillated to the volume Vof the liquid reservoir in the sealed state claim 1 , whereby an initial negative pressure is generated in the liquid reservoir.5. Aerosol generator according to claim 4 , wherein the volume of the liquid ...

METHOD FOR DETERMINING HEADWIND VELOCITY

A method for determining a velocity of headwind flowing in the direction of a vehicle, based on a coolant mass flow of a coolant flowing through a heat exchanger of a cooling device of the vehicle, and an air mass flow flowing through the heat exchanger and triggered by the headwind, includes: determining a temperature drop of the coolant mass flow; determining the air mass flow responsible for the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow; and determining the velocity of the headwind flowing in the direction of the vehicle, based on the air mass flow responsible for the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow. 1. A method for determining a velocity of a headwind flowing in the direction of a vehicle , based on (i) a coolant mass flow of a coolant flowing through a heat exchanger of a cooling device of the vehicle , and (ii) an air mass flow flowing through the heat exchanger and triggered by the headwind , the method comprising:determining a temperature drop of the coolant mass flow;determining the air mass flow responsible for the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow; anddetermining the velocity of the headwind flowing in the direction of the vehicle, based on the air mass flow responsible for the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:deactivating, when the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow is determined, an aspiration device for aspirating the air mass flow in the cooling device.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising:determining a functional relationship between (i) the velocity of the headwind flowing in the direction of the vehicle, and (ii) the air mass flow responsible for the temperature drop of the coolant mass flow.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein a test measurement to determine the functional relationship is performed when an ambient wind velocity claim 3 , defined as the difference between the velocity of the headwind and the velocity of the vehicle ...

ARM REST ARRANGEMENT FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AS WELL AS MOTOR VEHICLE WITH SUCH AN ARM REST ARRANGEMENT

An arm rest arrangement for a motor vehicle is provided. The arm rest arrangement includes an arm rest. The arm rest has a receptacle device displaceable between a retracted position and an extended position in a displacing direction. An arm rest carrier is arranged upon the arm rest. The arm rest is displaceable relative to the arm rest carrier between an initial position and a final position in an adjusting direction that is equidirectional to the displacing direction. 1. An arm rest arrangement for a motor vehicle , the arm rest arrangement comprising:an arm rest,wherein the arm rest comprises a receptacle device displaceable between a retracted position and an extended position in a displacing direction, andan arm rest carrier, upon which the arm rest is arranged,whereinthe arm rest is displaceable relative to the arm rest carrier between an initial position and a final position in an adjusting direction that is equidirectional to the displacing direction.2. The arm rest arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the arm rest arrangement comprises a locking device that is capable of fixing the arm rest in a position along the adjusting direction.3. The arm rest arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the arm rest arrangement comprises a functional module interchangeably arranged in the a receptacle device of the arm rest arrangement.4. The arm rest arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the receptacle device comprises a mechanical interface and the functional module comprises a complementary mechanical interface claim 3 , and wherein the mechanical interface is mechanically coupled to the complementary mechanical interface.5. The arm rest arrangement according to claim 3 , wherein the functional module comprises a drawer claim 3 , a stowage compartment claim 3 , a cup holder claim 3 , a writing tablet claim 3 , a telephone holder claim 3 , a holder for mobile objects or a holder for electronic devices.6. The arm rest arrangement according to claim 3 , ...

METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT OF A VEHICLE

A method for implementing an energy management of a vehicle which is movable via an electric drive, the electric drive being able to be driven by electrical energy stored in an electrical energy store, the method including: inputting a destination; and searching for a route to the destination, on which an available electrical energy source able to be used to recharge the electrical energy store is available within a minimum distance; the minimum distance corresponding to a path along which the vehicle is minimally still able to drive using the energy stored in the electrical energy store. 1. A method for implementing an energy management of a vehicle movable via an electric drive , the electric drive being able to be driven by electrical energy stored in an electrical energy store , the method comprising:specifying a destination; andsearching for a route to the destination on which an available electrical energy source which may be used to recharge the electrical energy store is available within a minimum distance, the minimum distance corresponding to a path which the vehicle is minimally still able to drive, using the energy stored in the electrical energy store.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:calculating an arrival time at the electrical energy source; andreserving the electrical energy source for a charge period of the electrical energy store, the electrical energy source being an energy source which is able to be shared by a plurality of users and able to be reserved for recharging of the electrical energy store for a charge duration.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising:calculating an overall driving time based on the charge duration and a driving time for the route.4. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising:calculating the charge duration based on an electrical energy requirement for moving the vehicle between the electrical energy source and the destination.5. The method as recited in claim 2 , ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING A SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING ENERGY FROM EXHAUST GAS OF A VEHICLE

A method and device for planning a recovery of energy from an exhaust gas of a vehicle is provided. The method and device include: estimating an operating behavior of the vehicle on a route to be traveled by the vehicle; and planning the recovery of energy from the exhaust gas of the vehicle based on a likelihood that the estimated operating behavior of the vehicle corresponds to an operating behavior that is suitable for the recovery. 1. A method for planning a recovery of energy from an exhaust gas of a vehicle , comprising:estimating an operating behavior of the vehicle on a route to be traveled by the vehicle; andplanning the recovery of energy from the exhaust gas of the vehicle based on a likelihood that the estimated operating behavior of the vehicle corresponds to an operating behavior that is suitable for the recovery.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the operating behavior suitable for the recovery of energy requires a state of the vehicle which satisfies at least one predefined condition for the recovery of energy from the exhaust gas of the vehicle.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein the at least one predefined condition is a function of a predefined thermodynamic energy that the exhaust gas must have.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:planning a transfer of a system for the recovery of energy from the exhaust gas of the vehicle into an operative state, in a time before the estimated operating behavior corresponds to the suitable operating behavior, so that the system is ready to operate at the instant at which the estimated operating behavior corresponds to the suitable operating behavior.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the transfer of the system includes measures to overcome at least one of thermal inertia and mechanical inertia of the system.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the likelihood that the estimated operating behavior corresponds to the suitable operating behavior includes ...

Hydrophobic Article

A hydrophobic article includes a substrate and a nanoparticle layer disposed on the substrate and including nanoparticle agglomerates wherein the nanoparticle agglomerates have an average volume based size of at least 100 nanometers as determined using light scattering via ISO 13320. The hydrophobic article also includes a binder layer disposed on and in direct contact with the nanoparticle layer and including an oxidatively cured product of a silicon-based resin and an outermost layer that is disposed opposite the substrate and on and in direct contact with the binder layer. The hydrophobic article has a water contact angle of greater than or equal to 90 degrees as measured on the outermost layer of the hydrophobic article and determined using modified ASTM D5946-04. 1. A hydrophobic article comprising:A. a substrate;B. a nanoparticle layer disposed on said substrate and comprising nanoparticle agglomerates wherein the nanoparticle agglomerates have an average volume based size of at least 100 nanometers as determined using light scattering via ISO 13320;C. a binder layer disposed on and in direct contact with said nanoparticle layer and comprising an oxidatively cured product of a silicon-based resin; andD. an outermost layer that is disposed opposite said substrate and on and in direct contact with said binder layer;wherein said hydrophobic article has a water contact angle of greater than or equal to 90 degrees as measured on said outermost layer of said hydrophobic article and determined using modified ASTM D5946-04.2. The hydrophobic article of wherein said outermost layer is covalently bonded to said binder layer.3. The hydrophobic article of wherein said outermost layer is free of covalent bonds to said binder layer.4. The hydrophobic article of wherein said silicon-based resin has a molecular weight from 600 to 150 claim 1 ,000 g/mol and has at least two silicon-bonded hydrogen groups per molecule.5. The hydrophobic article of wherein said silicon-based ...

AUTHORIZING APPLICATION ACCESS TO VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK RESOURCE

Examples of authorizing application access to a virtual private network are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a method may include connecting, by a computing system, electronically to a virtual private network (VPN) by sending authentication credentials, and receiving, by the computing system, a set of application policies from an application policy database in the VPN. The method may further include determining, by the computing system, whether an application running on the computing system is authorized to access resources within the VPN based on the set of application policies received from the application policy database. Additionally, the method may include enabling, by the computing system, the application to access the resources within the VPN when it is determined that the set of application policies authorizes the application to access the resources within the VPN. 1. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that , when executed by a processor , cause the processor to:receive a request from an application to access a resource within a virtual private network, the application having an application identifier;compare the application identifier to an application policy; andauthorize the application to access the resource within the virtual private network when the application policy identifies the application identifier as being an authorized application.2. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , wherein thedeny the application from accessing the resource within the virtual private network when the application policy does not identify the application identifier as being an authorized application.3. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further cause the processor to:deny the application from accessing the resource within the virtual private network when the application policy does not contain the application identifier.4. The ...

CHAIR, IN PARTICULAR OFFICE CHAIR

The invention relates to a chair, in particular a conference or visitor chair, which allows a coupled movement of a seat () and a backrest. The seat in this case is mounted in sliding bearings () comprising oblique guide surfaces () and is displaced and raised in the sliding bearings through a mounting end () of the backrest. According to the invention, two separate backrest bars () are provided, which are connected to the mounting ends (), wherein the backrest bars can be moved independently of each other. In this way, different seat positions can be realized. Besides an upright standard position, an inclined high position, and an asymmetrical position, in which a one-sided load of a backrest bar () can be realized with a corresponding displacement and rotation of the seat (). 112. An office chair comprising , a base frame ( , );{'b': '3', 'a seat (); and'}{'b': 3', '1', '2', '3', '3, 'a backrest, wherein the backrest includes two side supports that are articulated on the seat () and on the base frame (, ) swivably independently of each other, wherein the seat () is mounted displacably on the base frame such that a pivoting of the side supports brings about a displacement of the seat ().'}2537. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein each side support includes an angled mounting end () claim 1 , each angled mounting end having at least two arms claim 1 , the seat having a rear end claim 1 , wherein one arm of each angled mounting end is connected to the rear end of the seat () and the other arm forms a backrest bar ().3344. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein the seat () has a front edge and at least one sliding bearing () claim 1 , and wherein at least a region of the front edge is mounted in the at least one sliding bearing ().446. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein each said sliding bearing () comprises an oblique guide surface ().5. The chair according to claim 4 , wherein the sliding bearings are designed such that they allow a rotation in addition ...

VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK ACCESS CONTROL

According to an example, a method for virtual private network (VPN) access control includes receiving a request from an application on a user device to access a remote computer network asset, and determining, by a processor, an authorization of the application to access the remote computer network asset based on a policy. In response to a determination that the application is authorized to access the remote computer network asset, the method includes setting a VPN connection between the user device and a remote computer network including the remote computer network asset, and routing traffic from the application to the remote computer network asset via the VPN. In response to a determination that the application is not authorized to access the remote computer network asset, the method includes routing traffic from the application to a network different than the remote computer network. 1. A method for virtual private network (VPN) access control , the method comprising:receiving a request from an application on a user device to access a remote computer network asset;determining, by a processor, an authorization of the application to access the remote computer network asset based on a policy; setting a VPN connection between the user device and a remote computer network including the remote computer network asset, and', 'routing traffic from the application to the remote computer network asset via the VPN; and, 'in response to a determination that the application is authorized to access the remote computer network assetin response to a determination that the application is not authorized to access the remote computer network asset, routing traffic from the application to a network different than the remote computer network.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the application is one of a legacy application executed natively on the user device claim 1 , a web application executed on a browser claim 1 , and a virtual machine (VM) application executed on a VM on the user ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for controlling an internal combustion engine includes: using the pressure sensor method, determining for a first injector a first control period during which a desired quantity of fuel is injected into a lead cylinder; controlling the first injector with the first control period and entering a quantity replacement signal resulting therefrom into a training characteristic field as a function of the drive train parameters; and using null quantity calibration, varying for all further cylinders a control period of the injectors assigned to the cylinders until the quantity replacement signal is reached.

Method for electrically regenerating an energy store

A method for electrically regenerating an electrical energy store in a motor vehicle which includes a recuperation device and/or other energy-saving devices, including the following: based on information concerning an upcoming travel route, it is ascertained whether a suitable opportunity exists for an electrical regeneration on the upcoming travel route, and when this is the case: a first energy loss is determined which occurs during the electrical regeneration; a second energy loss is determined which results on a plurality of previously determined and defined routes due to aging effects of the energy store which are reversible with the aid of regeneration; the first energy loss and the second energy loss are compared, and a regeneration is carried out only when the second energy loss is greater than the first energy loss. 1. A method for electrically regenerating an electrical energy store in a motor vehicle which includes at least one of a recuperation device and at least one other energy-saving device , the method comprising:ascertaining, based on information concerning an upcoming travel route, whether a suitable opportunity exists for an electrical regeneration on the upcoming travel route; and determining a first energy loss which occurs during the electrical regeneration;', 'determining a second energy loss which results on a plurality of previously determined and defined routes due to aging effects of the energy store which are reversible with the aid of regeneration;', 'comparing the first energy loss and the second energy loss; and', 'performing a regeneration only when the second energy loss is greater than the first energy loss., 'when this is the case, performing the following2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the information concerning an upcoming travel route includes the following:predictive data, adaptive data, and/or speculative data.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the previously determined and defined routes are taken from a memory which ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The invention relates to a method for operating a drive device (), which for the purpose of providing a driving torque comprises an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders () that, during normal operation, supply a respective torque contribution, and at least one electric motor () operatively connected to said engine. To this end, in a diagnostic mode a cylinder-selective measurement of at least one characteristic operating variable is carried out, for which purpose in the diagnostic mode only the cylinder () to be measured is operated and the torque contributions of the remaining cylinders () are simulated by the electric motor (). 112101112133. A method for operating a drive device () that for the purpose of providing a driving torque comprises an internal combustion engine () , which comprises a plurality of cylinders ( , , , ) that during normal operation in each case supply a torque contribution , and at least one electric motor () that is operatively connected to said engine , the method comprising:performing, in a diagnostic mode, a cylinder-selective measurement of at least one characteristic operating variable;{'b': 10', '11', '12', '13', '10', '11', '12', '13', '3, 'wherein only the cylinder (, , , ) to be measured is in operation and the torque contributions of the remaining cylinders (, , , ) are simulated by way of the electric motor ().'}23. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the diagnostic mode is adjusted in dependence upon a torque that can currently be generated by way of the electric motor ().310111213. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the diagnostic mode occurs until the characteristic operating variable of the cylinder to be measured ( claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , ) has been detected.410111213. The method as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that in the diagnostic mode the characteristic operating variable of all the cylinders ( claim 1 , claim 1 , claim 1 , ) is measured one ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING AN ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE COMPRESSOR OF A SUPERCHARGER

A method for operating a supercharger having an electrically operable compressor in an engine system having an internal combustion engine, having the following steps: determining a particular system state when the internal combustion engine is shut off; forming a purge path between an air supply system and an exhaust gas system of the engine system; activating the electrically operable compressor as a function of the determined system state. 1. A method for operating a supercharger having an electrically operable compressor in an engine system having an internal combustion engine , comprising:determining a particular system state when the internal combustion engine is shut off;forming a purge path between an air supply system and an exhaust gas system of the engine system; andactivating the electrically operable compressor as a function of the determined system state.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the particular system state is determined if at least one of the following conditions is met:at least one engine temperature is above a prespecified temperature threshold value;a moisture of a gas at least one of: in the air supply system, and in the exhaust gas system, is above a prespecified moistness threshold value; anda cooling of a gas at least one of: in the air supply system, and in the exhaust gas system is above a prespecified temperature difference threshold value.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrically operable compressor is activated for a prespecified time duration if a cooling of the gas at least one of: in the air supply system claim 1 , and in the exhaust gas system claim 1 , is above a prespecified temperature difference threshold claim 1 , the prespecified time duration primarily corresponding to at least a time duration that is sufficient for a purging of the air supply system and of the exhaust gas system.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrically operable compressor is deactivated as a function ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A DRIVE SYSTEM INCLUDING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for operating a drive system including an internal combustion engine, the drive system including an electromotively-assisted exhaust-driven supercharging device or a strictly electrically operated supercharging device, the method including checking on whether a gear change has been initiated and a drive train has been disengaged accordingly; upon detecting an initiated gear change, adjusting the compressor power of the supercharging device by additionally facilitating electric power to the electromotively-assisted exhaust-driven supercharging device or to the strictly electrically operated supercharging device, in such a way that, at least toward the end of the gear change, a charging pressure is made available in a charging pressure section of the drive system which is higher than a charging pressure resulting at a compressor power, which corresponds to the exhaust gas enthalpy of the internal combustion engine provided during the gear change. 1. A method for operating a drive system including an internal combustion engine having an at least partially electrically effectuated compression , the drive system including an electromotively-assisted exhaust-driven supercharging device or a strictly electrically operated supercharging device , the method comprising:checking whether a gear change has been initiated and a drive train has been disengaged accordingly;upon detecting an initiated gear change, adjusting a compressor power of the supercharging device by additionally facilitating electrically effectuated compressor power to the electromotively-assisted exhaust-driven supercharging device or to the strictly electrically operated supercharging device, so that, at least toward an end of the gear change, a charging pressure is made available in a charging pressure section of the drive system which is higher than a charging pressure resulting at a compressor power which corresponds to an exhaust gas enthalpy of the internal combustion engine provided during ...

AEROSOL GENERATOR

An aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid, comprising: a vibratable membrane having a first side for being in contact with the fluid and an opposite second side, the membrane having a plurality of through holes penetrating the membrane in an extension direction from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole having along its extension direction a smallest diameter, a larger diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter and defined by that diameter that is closest to triple, preferably twice said smallest diameter, each through hole having a nozzle portion defined by that continuous portion of the through hole in the extension direction comprising the smallest diameter of the through hole and bordered by the larger diameter of the through hole, wherein the ratio of the total length of each through hole in the extension direction to the length of a respective one of said nozzle portions in the extension direction is at least 4, preferably at least 4.5 and most preferred equal to or larger than 5. 1. A method of manufacturing a vibratable membrane for use in an aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid , comprising:providing a vibratable membrane having a first side for contact with the fluid and an opposite second side, and providing the membrane with a plurality of through holes penetrating the membrane from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole having a nozzle portion, whereina ratio of a total length of each through hole to a length of the nozzle portion is at least 4, and whereinthe through holes are formed using an electroforming process.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

ASSEMBLY HAVING TWO COMPRESSORS, METHOD FOR RETROFITTING

An assembly having a first compressor train and a second compressor train for compressing a process fluid, wherein the first compressor train has a first drive and a first compressor, wherein the second compressor train has a second drive and a second compressor, wherein the first compressor train is not mechanically coupled to rotating parts of the second compressor train for transmission of torque, wherein the two compressors of the different compressor trains are directly connected to each other fluidically by a connecting fluid line such that the first compressor is arranged upstream of the second compressor. The first compressor compresses at a pressure ratio between 1.1 and 1.6 before the process fluid is fed to the second compressor. 1. An arrangement comprising:a first compressor train and a second compressor train for compressing a process fluid,wherein the first compressor train comprises a first drive and a first compressor,wherein the second compressor train comprises a second drive and a second compressor,wherein the first compressor train is not mechanically coupled in torque-transmitting fashion to rotating parts of the second compressor train,wherein the two compressors of the different compressor trains are directly connected in fluid-conducting fashion to one another by means of a connecting fluid line, in such a way that the first compressor is arranged upstream of the second compressor,wherein the first compressor compresses with a pressure ratio between 1.1 and 1.6 before the process fluid is fed to the second compressor,wherein the second compressor is in the form of a geared compressor.2. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the second compressor compresses with a pressure ratio between 3 and 60.3. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the first drive is either a gas turbine or a steam turbine or an electric motor.4. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 ,wherein the second drive is either a gas turbine or a steam turbine or ...

Method for Controlling a Working Platform, Control Device, and Inclination Angle Measuring System for a Working Platform

A method controls a working platform having at least one distance sensor assigned to a wheel of the working platform. A time of flight of a measuring beam, which represents a beam emitted obliquely onto a track of the working platform by the distance sensor, is determined. The time of flight determined in this manner is compared with a reference time of flight in order to determine a change in the inclination angle of the working platform. A control signal for controlling the working platform is output on the basis of the inclination angle change. As a result, a change in the gradient of a track in front of each wheel is individually determined before the particular wheel travels on the track section with the inclination change. 1. A method for controlling a working platform , the working platform comprising at least one distance sensor associated with a wheel of the working platform , the method comprising:comparing a time of flight of a measurement beam emitted obliquely by the at least one distance sensor onto a track of the working platform and reflected from the track to a reference time of flight to ascertain an inclination angle change of the working platform; andoutputting a control signal to control the working platform in dependence on the inclination angle change.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:outputting the control signal in order to output a warning message to an operator of the working platform and/or to brake and/or stop the working platform.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:emitting the measurement beam having a directional component in a travel direction or opposite to the travel direction of the working platform or having a directional component aligned on a trajectory of the working platform.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , further comprising:emitting the measurement beam having the directional component set using a steering angle setting of the wheel.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , ...

All Truss Foundation Unit, Method of Making the Same and Foundation Unit Kit

An all truss foundation unit, method of making the foundation unit, and a foundation unit kit. The foundation unit is formed of multiple cross trusses interconnected by bridging top and bottom side rails. This results in a flat surface on both the top and the bottom of the foundation unit. The kit is formed of a plurality of the trusses and four side rails, with the trusses and side rails being oriented together with their longitudinal dimensions aligned in a generally parallel orientation and with at least some of their flat sides in contact with one another. When the foundation unit is constructed, a truss locator guide is provided on at least two of the side rails, and the cross trusses are oriented in a parallel, spaced relationship in accordance with the truss locator guide. 1. A method of making a foundation unit , comprising the steps ofa. providing at least three elongated, preassembled cross trusses having top and bottom rail notches and four side rails,b. assembling said cross trusses and side rails into a compact kit,c. subsequently opening the kit and orienting said cross trusses in a spaced, parallel position with a first two of the side rails bridging said cross trusses in the top rail notches thereof,d. affixing the first two side rails to the cross trusses to form a partial foundation,e. inverting said partial foundation,f. placing two further side rails in the bottom rail notches of said cross trusses bridging said cross trusses, andg. affixing said two further side rails to the cross trusses.2. The method according to claim 1 , in which at least two of said side rails each include a truss locator guide claim 1 , and including claim 1 , in method step “c” claim 1 , locating said two side rails with the truss locator guide in bottom rail notches of said cross trusses claim 1 , and orienting said cross trusses in accordance with said truss locator guide.3. The method according to claim 2 , in which said truss locator guide comprises a plurality of ...

SOFT THERMOPLASTIC POLYURETHANE BASED ON THE ESTER OF A TRICARBOXYLIC ACID

The invention refers to a thermoplastic polyurethane produced from at least an organic diisocyanate and a compound which is reactive toward isocyanates, wherein the polyurethane comprises the ester of a tricarboxylic acid with at least one alcohol and wherein all acid groups of the tricarboxylic acid are esterified with an alcohol. The invention further refers to a process for producing the respective polyurethane, products comprising this thermoplastic polyurethane and the use of the ester of a tricarboxylic acid as plasticizer in thermoplastic polyurethanes. 1. A thermoplastic polyurethane produced from at least an organic diisocyanate (a) and a compound (b) which is reactive toward isocyanates , wherein the polyurethane comprises the ester (i) of a tricarboxylic acid (g) with at least one alcohol (h) and all acid groups of the tricarboxylic acid (g) are esterified with an alcohol (h).218-. (canceled) The invention relates to very soft thermoplastic polyurethanes, which have a very high mechanical strength and are readily processable.Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) have been known for a long time. They are of industrial importance because of the combination of good mechanical properties with the known advantages of inexpensive, thermoplastic processability. The use of different chemical formative components enables a wide variety of mechanical properties to be achieved. An overview of TPU, their properties and uses is given in, for example, Hans-Georg Wussow: “Thermoplastic Elastomers”, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release, 7th ed., chap. 2 “thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers”, Wiley VCH, Weinheim (2004).Soft thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) which at Shore hardnesses of less than 70 A can still be handled as industrial materials and can be processed in conventional processes have hitherto been able to be produced only with a very great technical outlay or require very expensive raw materials.The fact that plasticizer-free TPU ...

METHOD AND DRIVER ASSISTANCE DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING LANE CHANGES OR PASSING MANEUVERS OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

In a method for operating a driver assistance device for supporting lane changes and/or passing maneuvers of a motor vehicle, route information of motor vehicles participating in a traffic situation is acquired; a target trajectory for a possible lane change or a possible passing maneuver, as well as at least one variable of the motor vehicle for reaching the target trajectory, are determined; a cost function is determined for the target trajectory and for the at least one variable; and the cost function is minimized in order to obtain a trajectory that is optimized with respect to costs. 1. An automated method for supporting at least one of a change of lane and a passing maneuver of a host motor vehicle currently traveling in a home lane , comprising:acquiring route information of at least one motor vehicle participating in a traffic situation surrounding the host motor vehicle;determining a target trajectory for at least one of a possible lane change and a passing maneuver, as well as at least one variable of the host motor vehicle for reaching the target trajectory;determining a cost function for the target trajectory and for the at least one variable; andminimizing the cost function in order to obtain a final trajectory which is optimized with respect to costs.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein:the target trajectory is determined at least in the longitudinal direction relative to the home lane and at least one adjacent lane; andfor a change of lane, the target trajectory is additionally determined in the direction transverse to the home lane.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein a time window for the determination of the target trajectory is selected to be sufficiently long such that after at least one of the lane change and the passing maneuver has taken place claim 2 , a stable speed of the motor vehicle is able to be achieved.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein a target trajectory for a lane change is determined by calculating at ...

SYSTEM FOR THE EXCHANGE OF MESSAGES THROUGH AN APPLICATION SOFTWARE

A system for the exchange of messages through an application software. The system includes an abstraction layer for abstracting the messages and an interface library connected to the abstraction layer via a message broker. 111-. (canceled)12. A system for an exchange of messages through an application software , comprising:an abstraction layer configured to abstract the messages; andan interface library connected to the abstraction layer via a message broker.13. The system as recited in claim 12 , wherein:the abstraction layer has a programming interface; andthe interface library is connected to the message broker via the programming interface.14. The system as recited in claim 12 , wherein:the system includes a driver layer for a physical layer; andthe interface library includes a coordinator for coordination of hardware components, an ISOBUS adapter having a basic part, and at least one CAN protocol stack.15. The system as recited in claim 14 , wherein:the coordinator is adapted to an interface-library basic-parts adapter of the ISOBUS adapter;the interface-library basic-parts adapter contains mutual interfaces for other supplier-specific adapters; andthe interface library includes protocol stacks for accessing the physical layer using the driver layer.16. The system as recited in claim 14 , wherein:the coordinator is adapted to supplier-specific adapters of the ISOBUS adapter;the supplier-specific adapters contain supplier-specific interfaces; andthe interface library includes protocol stacks for accessing the physical layer using the driver layer.17. The system as recited in claim 14 , wherein:the coordinator is adapted to an adapter for further interfaces;the adapter includes further service-oriented adapters;the interface library includes manufacturer-nonspecific and service-nonspecific protocol stacks; andthe protocol stacks communicate with the physical layer using drivers.18. The system as recited in claim 14 , wherein:the coordinator is adapted to an ...

Method, a computer program, an electronic storage medium, and an electronic control unit for controlling an internal combustion engine

A method for controlling an internal combustion engine provides that the internal combustion engine is operated based on a first injection pattern in a first operating state, and based on a second injection pattern in a second operating state. At least one parameter of the injection patterns in the transition from the first to the second operating state is selected in such a way that the noise emission remains constant. In the transition to the injection pattern having greater noise, first the at least one parameter of the first injection pattern is varied, whereupon the switchover takes place. In the transition to the injection pattern having the lower noise, first the switchover is implemented, whereupon the at least one parameter of the second injection pattern is varied. 1. A method for controlling an internal combustion engine , the method comprising:operating an internal combustion engine based on a first injection pattern in a first operating state, and based on a second injection pattern in a second operating state;selecting at least one parameter of the injection patterns in a transition from the first operating state to the second operating state so that the noise emission remains constant;in a transition to the injection pattern having a higher noise, first varying the at least one parameter of the first injection pattern, and then performing a switchover; andin the transition to the injection pattern having a lower noise, first performing a switchover, and then varying the at least one parameter of the second injection pattern.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a switchover into operating states having high noise emissions takes place claim 1 , without the parameters of the injection patterns being adapted.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the load of the internal combustion engine or the driver wish is used as operating state.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the switchover takes place in a moment-neutral manner.5. A computer readable medium having a ...

METHOD FOR SELECTING AND ACCELERATED EXECUTION OF REACTIVE ACTIONS

A method for selecting and executing at least one reactive action of a vehicle includes a control unit receiving sensor data from a vehicle sensor system; detecting an emergency situation based on the sensor data; performing an evaluation; and selecting and implementing a reactive action for minimizing an accident risk of the vehicle based on the evaluation, where, in the evaluation, sensors that are uninvolved in the detection of the emergency situation are not taken into account or are taken into account at a lower weighting, are operated at a reduced performance, and/or are operated with a reduced scanning range. In addition, a control unit, computer program, and machine-readable memory medium can be provided for implementing the method. 1. A method for selecting and executing at least one reactive action of a vehicle , the method comprising:based on sensor data from a vehicle sensor system connected to a control unit, the control unit identifying presence of an emergency situation; andthe control unit performing an evaluation using the vehicle sensor system to select and carry out a reactive action for minimizing an accident risk of the vehicle in the emergency situation, wherein, for the evaluation, a subset of sensors of the vehicle sensor system that is not involved in the identification of the presence of the emergency situation is not taken into account or is taken into account with a low weighting, is operated at a reduced performance, and/or is operated with a reduced scanning range.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive action is stored in a memory of the control unit claim 1 , and reactive action includes the control unit performing an evasive maneuver claim 1 , a braking maneuver claim 1 , or a warning.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a sensor of the sensors of the vehicle sensor system detects the emergency situation or a trigger of the emergency situation.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more sensors of the sensors of the vehicle ...

METHOD AND CONTROL UNIT FOR REDUCING THE POWER CONSUMPTION IN AN ELECTRICAL SUPPLY NETWORK

A method for reducing the power consumption in an electrical supply network, sensors and at least one control unit in which program sequences are provided for operating the sensors being supplied with electrical energy from the electrical supply network. It is provided that sensors that are not operationally ready or whose measurement data are currently not required or whose measurement data are temporarily not evaluable, and/or program sequences assigned to these sensors, are temporarily deactivated. A control unit for carrying out the method are also described. The method and the control unit make it possible to reduce the power consumption in an electrical supply network. 1. A method for reducing power consumption in an electrical supply network , sensors and at least one control unit in which program sequences are provided for operating the sensors supplied with electrical energy from the electrical supply network , the method comprising:temporarily deactivating at least one of: i) sensors that are not operationally ready, ii) sensors whose measurement data are currently not required, iii) sensors whose measurement data are temporarily not evaluable, and iv) program sequences assigned to these sensors.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the temporarily deactivating step includes temporarily deactivating sensors claim 1 , assigned to an internal combustion engine that has an exhaust gas aftertreatment system connected downstream from the internal combustion engine claim 1 , that are at least one of: i) not operationally ready claim 1 , ii) whose measurement data are currently not required claim 1 , and iii) whose measurement data are not evaluable in the present operating point of the internal combustion engine.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the temporarily deactivating step includes temporarily deactivating program sequences of sensors that are at least one of: i) assigned to an internal combustion engine that has an exhaust gas ...

Method for the Automated Control of an Excavator

A method for the automated control of an excavator having an excavator bucket, which is movably connected to the excavator by an arm includes, at the beginning, a semantic map having the coordinates of a ground to be changed is provided for the excavator and a material processing trajectory is provided for the excavator. The material processing trajectory is determined from the semantic map and comprises a starting point and a direction for the processing of the ground by the excavator bucket. Then the starting point is traveled to. Subsequently, a movement trajectory is calculated on the basis of the starting point by the semantic map and an excavator bucket trajectory is calculated by the semantic map. A work process is carried out in accordance with the material processing trajectory, the movement trajectory, and the excavator bucket trajectory, and in the end the semantic map is updated. 1. A method for the automated control of an excavator with an excavator bucket , which is movably connected to the excavator by an arm , comprising:providing a semantic map with coordinates of ground to be changed for the excavator;determining a material processing trajectory for the excavator from the semantic map, the material processing trajectory including a starting point and a direction for processing the ground by the excavator bucket;controlling a drive unit of the excavator for approaching the starting point;calculating a movement trajectory based on the starting point based on the semantic map;calculating an excavator bucket trajectory based on the semantic map;outputting a control signal to carry out a work process according to the material processing trajectory, the movement trajectory, and the excavator bucket trajectory; andupdating the semantic map.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:excavating at least part of the ground using the automated control of the excavator,wherein the material processing trajectory is a material removal trajectory ...

AEROSOL GENERATOR

An aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid, comprising: a vibratable membrane () having a first side () for being in contact with the fluid and an opposite second side (), the membrane having a plurality of through holes () penetrating the membrane in an extension direction (E) from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole () having along its extension direction (E) a smallest diameter (Ds), a larger diameter (DL) that is larger than the smallest diameter and defined by that diameter that is closest to triple, preferably twice said smallest diameter, each through hole having a nozzle portion () defined by that continuous portion of the through hole in the extension direction comprising the smallest diameter of the through hole and bordered by the larger diameter of the through hole, characterized in that the ratio of the total length of each through hole () in the extension direction to the length of a respective one of said nozzle portions () in the extension direction is at least (4), preferably at least (4.5) and most preferred equal to or larger than (5). 1. An aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid , comprising:a vibratable membrane having a first side for being in contact with the fluid and an opposite second side, the membrane having a plurality of through holes penetrating the membrane in an extension direction from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole (26) having along its extension direction a smallest diameter, a larger diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter and defined by that diameter that is closest to twice said smallest diameter, each through hole having a nozzle ...

CLOUD-BASED INTERACTIVE DIGITAL MEDICAL IMAGING AND PATIENT HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGE PLATFORM

The system brings together patient data both clinical records and imaging studies from disparate sources to the user workstation or mobile device in real-time and on-demand. In order to do so, the system needs to establish application layer connectivity utilizing HL7 or FHIR and DICOM for imaging. Once a secure connection is established, the system is able to search and retrieve records and present it to end user. 1. A method for gathering and indexing medical records housed on multiple databases , comprising:connecting, using a remote server, to one or more medical records databases;searching, from the one or more medical records databases, one or more medical records for a patient;locating the one or more medical records;retrieving the one or more medical records from the one or more medical records databases;extracting, using a processor, metadata from the one or more medical records;indexing, using the processor, the one or more medical records, using the extracted metadata; andpresenting the indexed one or more medical records to a user, in real-time, using a graphical user interface.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the connecting to the one or more medical records databases further includes utilizing one or more secure connectivity standards selected from the group consisting of: Health Level 7; Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources; and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising storing the metadata in one or more storage mediums.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the indexing the one or more medical records further includes using data selected from the group consisting of: patient data; doctor data; and relationship data.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more medical records includes medical imaging records.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the one or more medical records databases are selected from the group consisting of: electronic ...

SYSTEMS FOR TREATING PULMONARY INFECTIONS

Provided herein are systems for treating a subject with a pulmonary infection, for example, a nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection, a pulmonary infection, a pulmonary infection associated with bronchiectasis, or a pulmonary infection. The system includes a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a liposomal aminoglycoside dispersion, and the lipid component of the liposomes consist essentially of electrically neutral lipids. The system also includes a nebulizer which generates an aerosol of the pharmaceutical formulation at a rate greater than about 0.53 gram per minute. The aerosol is delivered to the subject via inhalation for the treatment of the pulmonary infection. 1146.-. (canceled)147. A method for treating against a nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary infection in a patient , the method comprising:aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation comprising an aminoglycoside or pharmaceutically acceptably salt thereof encapsulated in liposomes, with a nebulizer comprising a vibrating mesh membrane at a rate of 0.60 g per minute to 0.80 g per minute, to form an aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation, wherein the lipid component of the liposomes consists of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol and is present at 45-60 mg/mL, and the aminoglycoside or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is present at about 500 mg to about 650 mg, andadministering the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation to the lungs of the patient in a single dosing session;wherein the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation comprises a mixture of free aminoglycoside and liposomal complexed aminoglycoside, the fine particle fraction (FPF) of the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation is greater than or equal to about 64%, as measured by the Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI), or greater than or equal to about 51%, as measured by the Next Generation Impactor (NGI) and the percent liposomal complexed aminoglycoside of the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation is ...

METHOD FOR PLANNING A VEHICLE DIAGNOSIS

A method for planning a vehicle diagnosis in a vehicle includes: estimation of an operating characteristic of the vehicle on a route to be traveled by the vehicle; and planning of the vehicle diagnosis based on a probability that the estimated operating characteristic of the vehicle will correspond to an operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis. 19-. (canceled)10. A method for planning a vehicle diagnosis in a vehicle , comprising:estimating an operating characteristic of the vehicle on a route to be traveled by the vehicle; andplanning the vehicle diagnosis based on a probability that the estimated operating characteristic of the vehicle corresponds to an operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis, wherein the operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis is a function of a state of the vehicle which has to fulfill predetermined conditions for the vehicle diagnosis;wherein the probability that the estimated operating characteristic of the vehicle corresponds to an operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis takes into account a probability as to whether the operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis can be forced to come about using auxiliary aggregates in the vehicle.11. The method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising:preventing the vehicle diagnosis if the probability that the estimated operating characteristic of the vehicle corresponds to the operating characteristic suitable for the vehicle diagnosis is below a specified threshold value.12. The method as recited in claim 11 , further comprising:reading out the route to be traveled from a navigation device;wherein the operating characteristic of the vehicle is estimated based on information provided by the navigation device regarding the route to be traveled.13. The method as recited in claim 11 , further comprising:writing a vehicle log based on a route traveled by the vehicle, before the traveling of the route to be ...

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine (), comprising a fresh gas line () and an exhaust gas line (), wherein a heat exchanger () is installed in the exhaust gas line (), which heat exchanger is a component of a fluid circuit (), which has at least one expansion device () in addition to the heat exchanger (), which expansion device contains a mechanical output device (). According to the invention, an internal combustion engine () is provided that allows waste heat from the exhaust gas line () of the internal combustion engine () to be used for a hydraulic system. This is achieved in that the output device () is connected to a hydraulic pump (), which is connected directly or indirectly to a working machine, which is connected to a drive shaft () of a motor vehicle, in which the internal combustion engine () is installed in order to drive said motor vehicle. 11231131215171718. An internal combustion engine () having a fresh gas line () and an exhaust gas line () , wherein a heat exchanger () is installed in the exhaust gas line () , which heat exchanger is a component of a fluid circuit () which has at least one expansion device () in addition to the heat exchanger , which expansion device contains a mechanical output device () , characterized in that the output device () is connected to a hydraulic pump ().211820a. The internal combustion engine () as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the hydraulic pump () is connected up to a hydraulic pressure accumulator ().3120a. The internal combustion engine () as claimed in claim 2 , characterized in that the pressure accumulator () is a gas bladder accumulator.412021a. The internal combustion engine () as claimed in claim 2 , characterized in that a fluid inlet to the pressure accumulator () has a shutoff valve ().512023a. The internal combustion engine () as claimed in claim 2 , characterized in that the pressure accumulator () is connected up to a hydraulic machine ().612381. The internal ...

CHAIR, IN PARTICULAR OFFICE CHAIR

The invention relates to a chair, in particular a conference or visitor chair, which allows a coupled movement of a seat () and a backrest. The seat in this case is mounted in sliding bearings () comprising oblique guide surfaces () and is displaced and raised in the sliding bearings through a mounting end () of the backrest. According to the invention, two separate backrest bars () are provided, which are connected to the mounting ends (), wherein the backrest bars can be moved independently of each other. In this way, different seat positions can be realized. Besides an upright standard position, an inclined high position, and an asymmetrical position, in which a one-sided load of a backrest bar () can be realized with a corresponding displacement and rotation of the seat (). 1. An chair , in particular an office chair comprising a base frame;{'b': '3', 'a seat (); and'}{'b': 3', '1', '2', '3', '3, 'a backrest, wherein the backrest includes two side supports that are articulated on the seat () and on the base frame (, ) swivably independently of each other, wherein the seat () is mounted displacably on the base frame such that a pivoting of the side supports brings about a displacement of the seat ().'}2537. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein each side support includes an angled mounting end () claim 1 , each angled mounting end having at least two arms claim 1 , the seat having a rear end claim 1 , wherein one arm of each angled mounting end is connected to the rear end of the seat () and the other arm forms a backrest bar ().3344. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein the seat () has a front edge and at least one sliding bearing () claim 1 , and wherein at least a region of the front edge is mounted in the at least one sliding bearing ().446. The chair according to claim 1 , wherein each said sliding bearing () comprises an oblique guide surface ().5. The chair according to claim 3 , wherein the sliding bearings are designed such that they allow a ...

AEROSOL GENERATOR

An aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid, comprising: a vibratable membrane having a first side for being in contact with the fluid and an opposite second side, the membrane having a plurality of through holes penetrating the membrane in an extension direction from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole having along its extension direction a smallest diameter, a larger diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter and defined by that diameter that is closest to triple, preferably twice said smallest diameter, each through hole having a nozzle portion defined by that continuous portion of the through hole in the extension direction comprising the smallest diameter of the through hole and bordered by the larger diameter of the through hole, wherein the ratio of the total length of each through hole in the extension direction to the length of a respective one of said nozzle portions in the extension direction is at least 4, preferably at least 4.5 and most preferred equal to or larger than 5. 1. A method of manufacturing a vibratable membrane for use in an aerosol generator for generating an aerosol from a fluid , comprising:providing a vibratable membrane having a first side for contact with the fluid and an opposite second side,providing the membrane with a plurality of through holes penetrating the membrane in an extension direction from the first side to the second side, whereby the fluid passes the through holes from the first side to the second side when the membrane is vibrated for generating the aerosol at the second side, each through hole having along its extension direction a smallest diameter, a larger diameter that is larger than the smallest diameter and defined by that diameter that is closest to triple said smallest diameter, each through hole having a nozzle ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING A FAULT DURING OPERATION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for detecting a fault during operation of an internal combustion engine having manifold injection and direct injection; the internal combustion engine being controlled in two different combustion cycles, in each instance, for introducing a fuel quantity and a corresponding air quantity into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, with different distributions of the fuel quantity to the manifold injection and the direct injection in the two combustion cycles; for each of the two combustion cycles, a value of a ratio of the air quantity introduced into the combustion chamber to the fuel quantity introduced into the combustion chamber being ascertained; and if at least one of the two values differs from a corresponding comparison value by more than a first threshold value, a type of fault during operation of the internal combustion engine being deduced in light of the difference. 114-. (canceled)15. A method for detecting a fault during operation of an internal combustion engine having manifold injection and direct injection. the method comprising:controlling the internal combustion engine in two different combustion cycles, in each instance, for introducing a fuel quantity and a corresponding air quantity into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, with different distribution of the fuel quantity to the manifold injection and the direct injection in each of the two combustion cycles;for each of the two combustion cycles, ascertaining a value of a ratio of the air quantity introduced into the combustion chamber to the fuel quantity introduced into the combustion chamber; andif at least one of the two values differs from a corresponding comparison value by more than a first threshold value, deducing a type of the fault during operation of the internal combustion engine in light of the difference.16. The method as recited in claim 15 , wherein the distribution of the fuel quantity includes a pure manifold injection and a pure ...

Method for learning a minimum actuation duration of fuel injectors of an internal combustion engine

A method for learning and determining a minimum injector-specific electric actuation duration for at least one fuel injector of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. Starting with a predefined electric actuation duration which definitely does not result in an injection, the electric actuation duration is gradually increased in each engine stop and/or in each engine start in successive engine stops and/or in successive engine starts of the internal combustion engine up to an actuation duration in which an injection with a combustion occurs, and then this actuation duration may be determined as the minimum electric actuation duration. The invention also relates to a corresponding device. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for learning and determining a minimum injector-specific electric actuation duration for at least one fuel injector of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle , the method comprising:starting with a predefined electric actuation duration which definitely does not result in an injection, gradually increasing the electric actuation duration in each engine stop, each engine start in successive engine stops, and/or in successive engine starts up to an actuation duration in which an injection with a combustion occurs; anddetermining the actuation duration, in which an injection with a combustion occurs, as the minimum electric actuation duration.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the injection with a combustion is detected by comparing an instantaneously measured engine speed signal of a crankshaft sensor with the engine speed signal of the same crankshaft sensor in which definitely no injection has taken place and no combustion has taken place.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the engine speed signals are compared by difference-forming methods claim 13 , an evaluation of corresponding engine speed gradients claim 13 , and/or comparisons of engine speed patterns.15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the measuring window selected for the ...

METHOD FOR ASCERTAINING A CAUSE OF A FAULT IN AN INJECTION SYSTEM OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A method for ascertaining a cause of an fault in an injection system of an internal combustion engine having manifold and direct injections as injection types includes, if a fault exists in at least one first combustion process in an injection system associated with a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, replacing a first of the two injection types used in the at least one first combustion process with a second of the two injection types in at least one second combustion process, and, identifying the first injection type as the cause responsive to the fault no longer being detected in the second combustion process. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for performing a control based on a cause of a fault in an internal combustion engine injection system that provides a first injection type and a second injection type for injections into a combustion chamber , the method comprising:responsive to occurrence of the fault during a first combustion process in which the first injection type is used, using, by a control unit, the second injection type in a second combustion process;identifying, by the control unit, the first injection type as the cause of the fault responsive to a determination that the fault is not detected during the second combustion process; andcontrolling, by the control unit, further injections based on the identification;wherein one of the first and second injection types is a manifold injection and the other of the first and second injection types is a direct injection.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the fault is detected based on a deviation of at least one combustion-dependent variable from a respective comparison value claim 12 , the at least one combustion-dependent variable including a rotational speed claim 12 , a combustion chamber pressure claim 12 , and an exhaust gas lambda value.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the comparison value is a predefined setpoint value.15. The method of claim 12 , wherein the fault is detected ...

Comfort Control Insert for a Mattress and Foundation

An insert adapted to be inserted between a foundation of a bed and a mattress of the bed. The insert includes a frame having a first side rail and a second side rail spaced apart from the first side rail. A plurality of elongate upper slats extend between the first side rail and the second side rail of the frame at a first level with respect to the frame and are spaced apart from one another. A plurality of elongate lower slats extend between the first side rail and the second side rail of the frame at a second level located below the first level of the upper slats. Each lower slat is located below a gap formed between a pair of adjacent upper slats. A mounting member resiliently supports the ends of two adjacent upper slats and rigidly supports the end of a lower slat that is located below the gap formed between the two adjacent upper slats, whereby the firmness of a mattress overlying the insert can be selectively adjusted. 1. An insert adapted to be inserted between a foundation of a bed and a mattress of the bed , the insert comprising:a frame including a first side rail and a second side rail spaced apart from the first side rail;a plurality of elongate upper slats extending between the first side rail and the second side rail of the frame at a first level with respect to the frame, the upper slats being spaced apart from one another such that a gap is formed between adjacent upper slats;a plurality of elongate lower slats extending between the first side rail and the second side rail of the frame at a second level located below the first level, the lower slats being spaced apart from one another, each lower slat being located below the gap formed between a pair of adjacent upper slats;whereby the mattress of the bed is adapted to be supported by the upper slats.2. The insert of claim 1 , including a plurality of mounting members claim 1 , one or more mounting members adapted to couple the upper slats to the first side rail of the frame and one or more mounting ...

METHOD FOR PROGRAMMING A CONTROL UNIT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

A method for programming a control unit of a motor vehicle, a previous program code executed in the control unit being stored in a memory area, a new program code being written into the control unit, and a check of this new program code being carried out, the program code being executed by the control unit if the new program code is successfully verified in the course of the check, and the previous program code stored in the memory area being written from the memory area into the control unit and the previous program code being executed by the control unit if the new program code is not successfully verified in the course of the check. 1. A method for programming a control unit of a motor vehicle , comprising:storing in a memory area a previous program code executed in the control unit;writing a new program code into the control unit and checking the new program code;executing the new program code by the control unit if the new program code is successfully verified in the checking; andwriting the previous program code stored in the memory area from the memory area into the control unit and executing the previous program code by the control unit, if the new program code is not successfully verified in the checking.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the new program code is transmitted to the motor vehicle via a wireless connection.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the new program code is written into the control unit in the course of over-the-air programming or firmware-over-the-air programming.4. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein the new program code is written into the control unit by a programming unit claim 2 , the programming unit being provided as an external computing unit or as an additional control unit of the motor vehicle.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the new program code is transmitted to the additional control unit of the motor vehicle via the wireless connection.6. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING A HEAT ACCUMULATOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

A method is provided for operating a heat accumulator of a motor vehicle. Accordingly, following a start of the motor vehicle, a length and/or duration of a distance to be driven by the motor vehicle are/is ascertained or estimated. Depending on the length and/or the duration, a decision is made as to whether discharging of the heat accumulator will be carried out. 1. A method for operating a heat accumulator of a motor vehicle , comprising:after a start of the motor vehicle, one of ascertaining or estimating at least one of a length and a duration of a route to be traveled by the motor vehicle; andmaking a decision as a function of the at least one of the length and the duration as to whether a discharging of the heat accumulator will take place.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the discharging of the heat accumulator is performed only if the at least one of the length and the duration is sufficient to completely replenish the heat accumulator again in the course of the travel of the motor vehicle.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising:estimating a temporal characteristic of a heat flow generated by a combustion engine of the motor vehicle; andtaking an ambient temperature of the motor vehicle into account, estimating which portion of the heat flow is able to be supplied to the heat accumulator while the motor vehicle is being driven.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising ascertaining a probability that the heat accumulator will be completely replenished again across a predicted travel route of the motor vehicle claim 1 , wherein the discharging of the heat accumulator takes place only if the probability lies above a probability threshold value.5. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the discharging of the heat accumulator does not take place if a temperature of a combustion engine exceeds a temperature threshold value.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:after each discharging of the heat ...

Three Stage Watercraft

A three stage watercraft for operation in the water as a traditional boat at low speeds in stage one, for operation on the water's surface at mid-range speeds at stage two, and for traveling in ground effect at higher range speeds is disclosed. The three stage craft includes a hydro-wing either at least a single hydrofoil or gyration rotor to aid with lift from stage one to stage two, and a pair of outboard floats or hydro-floats supported by the hydro-wing which are also designed to aid with lift from stage one to stage two. 1. A watercraft for three-stage operation , in a first stage the watercraft riding in the water as a boat , in a second stage the watercraft riding on the surface of the water , and in a third stage the watercraft being in contact with the water while traveling in ground effect , the watercraft comprising:a hydro-wing having a hull including a top surface and a bottom surface opposite the top surface, and a pair of wings supported by the hull including a bottom surface and a top surface opposite the bottom surface, such that a continuous ground effect surface is formed by the bottom surface of the hull and the bottom surface of the pair of wings;at least a single hydrofoil supported by the hydro-wing;a pair of outboard hydro-floats supported on the bottom surface of the hydro-wing on a port and a starboard side thereof;a pair of air rudders supported by the hydro-wing constructed and arranged to effectuate turning during the second stage of operation and the third stage of operation;at least one water rudder supported by the hull constructed and arranged to effectuate turning when the rudder is in the water; andan articulating trim arm operatively connected to an elevator control supported by the hydro-wing, the articulating trim arm remaining in contact with the water during the third stage of operation.2. The watercraft of claim 1 , wherein the pair of air rudders comprises aft air rudders supported on the rear portion of the hull.3. The ...

FUEL METERING FOR THE OPERATION OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

For an optimized metering of fuel and water for the operation of an internal combustion engine in which a direct injection and an intake manifold injection are provided for metering fuel into the internal combustion engine, and in which the internal combustion engine is assigned a system for water injection, a same intake manifold injector is used for both water and fuel injection. 121-. (canceled)22. A method for operating an internal combustion engine that is arranged for receiving both direct and intake manifold injections , the method comprising:using a same intake manifold injector, injecting water and fuel into the internal combustion engine as part of the intake manifold injection.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the water injection occurs in a full-load range.24. The method of claim 22 , wherein claim 22 , in the water injection claim 22 , the water is injected under low pressure.25. The method of claim 22 , wherein claim 22 , using a mixing or 3/2-way valve that is arranged in low-pressure circuits of a source of the water and of a source of the fuel claim 22 , a switchover takes place between at least two of the injection of the water claim 22 , the injection of the fuel claim 22 , and a mix of the injection of the water and the fuel.26. The method of claim 25 , wherein:the valve is a mixing valve;the method further comprises, based on a signal of a lambda sensor, controlling the mixing valve to form a mixture of the water and the fuel; andthe injecting of the water and the fuel includes metering the mixture via the intake manifold injector.27. The method of claim 22 , wherein a respective check valve is situated in each of a low-pressure circuit of a source of the fuel and a low-pressure circuit of a source of the water injection claim 22 , upstream from at least one of (a) a shared fuel low-pressure line to which both the water and the fuel are fed and (b) respective inputs to a shared valve.28. The method of claim 27 , further comprising controlling ...

METHOD FOR AGING-EFFICIENT AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT OPERATION IN PARTICULAR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

A method for operating a motor vehicle having at least one component which is subject to an operation-dependent aging process, in which the connection between a load profile of the at least one component and a damage resulting therefrom is determined, and the damage of the at least one component is estimated from the determined connection, and in which an operating strategy for operating the motor vehicle is set on the basis of the estimated damage of the at least one component. 1. A method for operating a motor vehicle having at least one component which is subject to an operation-dependent aging process , the method comprising:determining a connection between a load profile of the at least one component and a damage resulting therefrom;estimating damage of the at least one component from the determined connection; andsetting an operating strategy for operating the motor vehicle based on the estimated damage of the at least one component.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the operating strategy is developed as reducing or increasing the damage of the at least one component.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein for each possible operating strategy claim 1 , a service life of the component to be expected is determined at a given load profile.4. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:forming a global load profile on the basis of at least one of a speed-time curve or slope-time curve, a temperature, and moisture, resulting during the operation of the motor vehicle.5. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising:forming the connection between a load profile of the at least one component and a damage resulting therefrom on the basis of load parameters, the load parameters being calculated on a model basis or determined with the aid of additional sensors.6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the connection between a load profile of the at least one component and a damage resulting therefrom is made with the aid of an ...

Three Stage Watercraft

A three stage watercraft for operation in the water as a traditional boat at low speeds in stage one, for operation on the water's surface at mid-range speeds at stage two, and for traveling in ground effect at higher range speeds is disclosed. The three stage craft includes a hydro-wing at least a single hydrofoil to aid with lift from stage one to stage two, and a pair of outboard floats or hydro-floats supported by the hydro-wing which are also designed to aid with lift from stage one to stage two. A gyration rotor to aid with lift from stage one to stage two may also be provided as may a pair of pivotally mounted air propellers which aid in lift and propulsion by varying their operational angle relative to the plane of travel of the craft. 1. A watercraft for three-stage operation , in a first stage the watercraft riding in the water as a boat , in a second stage the watercraft riding on the surface of the water , and in a third stage the watercraft being in contact with the water while traveling in ground effect , the watercraft comprising:a hydro-wing including a combined hull and wings, the hull constructed and arranged to support a cabin, and the wings constructed and arranged to provide lift, a bottom surface of the combined hull and wings forming a substantially continuous ground effect surface of the hydro-wing;at least a single hydrofoil supported by the hydro-wing;a pair of outboard hydro-floats supported on the bottom surface of the hydro-wing on a port and a starboard side thereof; andat least one pivotally mounted air propeller, pivotal between a first position substantially parallel to a horizontal plane of travel of the watercraft and second position substantially vertical to a horizontal plane of travel of the watercraft.2. The watercraft of claim 1 , wherein in the first stage of operation of the watercraft riding in the water claim 1 , the at least one pivotally mounted air propeller is in the first position to provide lift.3. The watercraft of ...

VALVE UNIT FOR A PISTON COMPRESSOR AND PISTON COMPRESSOR

A valve unit for a piston compressor includes a housing, in which at least one inlet valve and at least one outlet valve are arranged. The housing includes a first cylinder-head-side surface and a second, cylinder-side surface which is away from the first cylinder-head-side surface. The surfaces extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of the valve unit. A peripheral wall of the housing of the valve unit, and which surrounds the longitudinal axis of the valve unit, includes at least one contact section. The at least one contact section is provided for contact on a contact surface on the cylinder or on the cylinder head and extends obliquely to the longitudinal axis. 1. A valve unit for a piston compressor with a cylinder an with a cylinder head , the valve unit comprising a housing , in which at least one inlet valve and at least one outlet valve are arranged , the housing comprising:a first, cylinder-head-side surface;a second, cylinder-side surface which faces away from the first, cylinder-head-side surface, the first, cylinder-head-side surface and the second, cylinder-side surface extending transversely to a longitudinal axis of the valve unit; anda peripheral wall which surrounds the longitudinal axis of the valve unit, the peripheral wall comprising cylinder or cylinder head contact section for contact on the cylinder or the cylinder head, the cylinder or cylinder head contact section extending obliquely to the longitudinal axis.2. A valve unit according to claim 1 , wherein the housing comprises a round outer contour claim 1 , wherein the longitudinal axis defines a middle axis of this outer contour.3. A valve unit according to claim 1 , wherein the cylinder or cylinder head contact section extends over one or more peripheral sections of the peripheral wall.4. A valve unit according to claim 1 , wherein the cylinder or cylinder head contact section extends over a complete periphery of the peripheral wall.5. A valve unit according to claim 1 , wherein an ...

Method and Device for Operating a Mobile System

A method for operating a mobile system includes detecting a 3D profile of a driving route ahead of defined length, determining a target trajectory of the mobile system and/or of a tool of the mobile system on the basis of the detected 3D profile, operating the mobile system in a defined manner by taking into account the determined target trajectory along the driving route. 1. A method for operating a mobile system , comprising:detecting a 3D profile of a route ahead of defined length;determining a setpoint trajectory of the mobile system and/or of a tool of the mobile system based on the detected 3D profile; andoperating the mobile system in a defined manner, taking into account the determined setpoint trajectory.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:predicting trajectories of wheels of the mobile system and/or of the tool of the mobile system;determining a predicted deviation from the predicted setpoint trajectory; anddetermining feedforward control values for predictive actuator management.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein at least one of the following is adjusted for the tool: height claim 2 , direction claim 2 , and tilt.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein when sufficient adherence to the determined setpoint trajectory for the tool is not possible claim 1 , the method further comprises intervening in steering of the mobile system.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following is used for detecting the 3D profile: lidar claim 1 , radar claim 1 , 3D camera claim 1 , and time-of-flight camera.6. The method as claimed claim 1 , further comprising:removing movements made by the mobile system itself from a camera image by calculation.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein detecting the 3D profile comprises:detecting the 3D profile in a working region of the tool.8. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the determination of the setpoint trajectory and determining corresponding actuator ...

METHOD FOR DETECTING A STATE OF A VEHICLE ELECTRIC SYSTEM

Method for detecting a state of an electric system () in a motor vehicle, said electric system () comprising a generator unit that includes an electric machine () with a rotor winding () and a stator winding () as well as a rectifier () which is connected to the electric machine () and via which the electric system () is connected to the electric machine (); in said method, a decision about the current state of the electric system (), especially about the availability of a battery () of the electric system, is made in accordance with an excitation current (I) flowing through the rotor winding () of the electric machine (). 1150150100110120130100150100150200110100. A method for detecting a state of an electric system () of a motor vehicle , said electric system () comprising a generator unit that includes an electric machine () with a rotor winding () and a stator winding () as well as a rectifier () which is connected to the electric machine () and via which the electric system () is connected to the electric machine (); in said method , a decision about the current state of the electric system () , especially about the availability of a battery () of the electric system , is made in accordance with an excitation current (IE) flowing through the rotor winding () of the electric machine ().2150. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the decision about the current state of the electric system () is made in accordance with the size of an oscillation amplitude (A) of the excitation current (IE).3130200. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the length of a supply line from the rectifier () to the battery () is detected in accordance with the size of the oscillation amplitude (A).4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein parameters for controlling the generator unit are selected in accordance with the detected length of the supply line.5130200. The method according to claim 2 , wherein a detection whether a supply line from the rectifier () to the battery () ...

METHOD FOR ASCERTAINING A LIQUID DEPTH OF A LIQUID ACCUMULATION ON A TRAVEL PATH IN FRONT OF A VEHICLE, AND METHOD FOR ASCERTAINING A TRAVEL TRAJECTORY THROUGH A LIQUID ACCUMULATION ON A TRAVEL PATH IN FRONT OF A VEHICLE

A method for ascertaining a liquid depth of a liquid accumulation on a travel path of a vehicle, in particular in front of a vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: reading in a current image of a vehicle-external region of the travel path, detected by an image detection device in particular of the vehicle, in which a detected liquid accumulation is present, and ascertaining the liquid depth of the liquid accumulation by comparing the current image with an image that is stored in a storage device and represents the vehicle-external region without a liquid accumulation. 1. A method for ascertaining a liquid depth of a liquid accumulation on a travel path of a vehicle in front of the vehicle , the method comprising the following steps:reading in a current image of a vehicle-external region of the travel path, detected by an image detection device of the vehicle, in which the liquid accumulation is present; andascertaining the liquid depth of the liquid accumulation by comparing the current image with an image that is stored in a storage device and represents the vehicle-external region without the liquid accumulation.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising the following step:updating the stored image in the storage device earlier in time than the comparing step, the updating step being performed at least once a day and/or in weather-dependent fashion.3. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the comparing step claim 1 , a comparison is carried out between an identified topographic elevation of the travel path and/or a liquid accumulation surface from the current image claim 1 , and an identified topographic elevation of the travel path and/or of the liquid accumulation surface from the stored image claim 1 , to ascertain the liquid depth.4. The method as reciting in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the comparing step claim 1 , a depth profile of the travel path in a region of the liquid accumulation is ascertained.5. The ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLASSIFYING AN OBJECT FOR A VEHICLE

A method for classifying an object for a vehicle. The method includes at least: classifying, extracting and creating. In the classifying, an object from a camera image is classified using a generic classifier. In the extracting, at least one specific object feature assigned to the object is extracted from the camera image. In the creating, a specific classifier is created using the specific object feature. 1. A method for classifying an object for a vehicle , the method comprising:classifying an object from a camera image using a generic classifier;extracting at least one specific object feature assigned to the object from the camera image; andcreating a specific classifier using the specific object feature.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the classifying claim 1 , an additional object from an additional camera image is classified using the generic classifier and the specific classifier claim 1 , in the extracting claim 1 , at least one specific object feature assigned to the object is extracted from the additional camera image and claim 1 , in the creating claim 1 , the specific classifier is adapted using the additional specific object feature.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the extracting claim 1 , an object feature is extracted from the camera image claim 1 , which represents at least one color and/or one structure and/or one form of the generically classified object.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the creating claim 1 , the specific classifier is stored in a ring memory unit.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:ascertaining the camera image using a surroundings detection unit.6. The method (of claim 1 , further comprising:storing the camera image if, in the classifying, a classification inaccuracy with respect to the classification of the object is below a threshold value.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein in the storing claim 6 , the camera image is sent to a training unit situated externally of an object detection device.8. A device ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING A VEHICLE

A method for operating a vehicle includes: specifying a time-related target power demand for the vehicle to an internal combustion engine; and switching in an additional powering device in addition to the internal combustion engine when a time-related actual power demand of the vehicle on the internal combustion engine deviates from the time-related target power demand. The present invention makes it possible to operate the internal combustion engine in a diagnosis mode largely independently of the specific driving situation. 112-. (canceled)13. A method for operating a vehicle , comprising:specifying a time-related target power demand for the vehicle to an internal combustion engine powering the vehicle, the time-related target power demand being dependent on a vehicle diagnosis to be carried out on the internal combustion engine;switching in an additional powering device for the vehicle in addition to the internal combustion engine when a time-related actual power demand of the vehicle on the internal combustion engine deviates from the time-related target power demand;estimating the time-related actual power demand of the internal combustion engine on a route to be driven with the vehicle;scheduling the vehicle diagnosis to be carried out based on a probability that a difference between the time-related actual power demand and the time-related target power demand can be compensated for by switching in the additional powering device in addition to the internal combustion engine; andprohibiting vehicle diagnosis when the probability falls below a predetermined threshold value.14. The method as recited in claim 13 , wherein the additional powering device is an electrical machine which acts claim 13 , together with the internal combustion engine claim 13 , on a drive train of the vehicle.15. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein the electrical machine is configured to charge an electrical energy reservoir when a difference between the time-related actual power ...

SYSTEMS FOR TREATING PULMONARY INFECTIONS

Provided herein are systems for treating a subject with a pulmonary infection, for example, a nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection, a pulmonary infection, a pulmonary infection associated with bronchiectasis, or a pulmonary infection. The system includes a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a liposomal aminoglycoside dispersion, and the lipid component of the liposomes consist essentially of electrically neutral lipids. The system also includes a nebulizer which generates an aerosol of the pharmaceutical formulation at a rate greater than about 0.53 gram per minute. The aerosol is delivered to the subject via inhalation for the treatment of the pulmonary infection. 1. A system for treating or providing prophylaxis against a pulmonary infection in a patient , comprising:(a) a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a liposomal complexed aminoglycoside, wherein the formulation is an aqueous dispersion, and the lipid component of the liposome consists of electrically neutral lipids, and(b) a vibrating mesh nebulizer comprising a plurality of through holes each having a nozzle portion defined by the continuous portion of the through hole in the extension direction starting from the smallest diameter of the through hole towards the first side until it reaches a diameter 2 or 3 times of the smallest diameter of the hole and wherein the length of the nozzle portion is less than 25 μm, wherein the vibrating mesh nebulizer generates an aerosol of the pharmaceutical formulation at a rate of about 0.60 g per minute to about 0.80 g per minute, wherein the fine particle fraction (FPF) of the aerosol is greater than or equal to about 64%, as measured by the Andersen Cascade Impactor (ACI), or greater than or equal to about 51%, as measured by the Next Generation Impactor (NGI), and the percent associated aminoglycoside post-nebulization is from 60% to 70%, wherein the FPF refers to the fraction of the aerosol having a particle size less than 5 μm in diameter.2. ( ...

METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

In a method for operating an internal combustion engine with intake manifold injection and direct injection, a value of at least one parameter that is correlated with an exhaust gas of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and that is influenced by purging of uncombusted fuel through the combustion chamber into the exhaust gas is ascertained, and, if it is concluded, based on the ascertained value of the at least one parameter, that uncombusted fuel is purged, at least one operating parameter for filling the combustion chamber is adjusted. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for operating an internal combustion engine with intake manifold injection and direct injection , the method comprising:ascertaining a value of at least one parameter that is correlated with an exhaust gas of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and that is influenced by purging of uncombusted fuel through the combustion chamber into the exhaust gas;responsive to concluding, based on the ascertained value of the at least one parameter, that uncombusted fuel is purged, adjusting at least one operating parameter for filling the combustion chamber in order to avoid upstream or downstream deposition of fuel in an intake manifold, wherein the at least one operating parameter includes a fuel quantity to be introduced into the intake manifold via intake manifold injection and an injection duration of the intake manifold injection; andresponsive to ascertaining, during the adjustment of the at least one operating parameter, that a fuel quantity to be introduced into the combustion chamber is not completely introducible into the combustion chamber via the intake manifold injection, setting a fuel quantity to be introduced into the combustion chamber via direct injection, to covers at least a portion of the fuel quantity to be introduced into the combustion chamber that is not introducible into the combustion chamber via the intake manifold injection.13. The method of claim 12 ...

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SHARP OF STRAWBERRY-STRAW KNIVES

Procédé caractérisé en ce que : la quote-part des surfaces des couteaux hache-paille à la surface totale en rotation se trouvant dans le plan de coupe, est déterminée sans contact pour des couteaux hache-paille tranchants et elle est mémorisée; la quote-part ainsi mémorisée, mesurée pour des couteaux hache-paille tranchants, est comparée avec la quote-part déterminée pendant le fonctionnement; lors du franchissement vers le bas d'une valeur limite fixée de la diminution de cette quote-part, un signal est émis pour l'opérateur, un dispositif d'arrêt est actionné, ou bien un dispositif d'affûtage est mis en service. L'invention concerne les procédés pour contrôler le tranchant de couteaux hache-paille. Method characterized in that: the proportion of the surfaces of the chopper knives to the total rotating surface lying in the cutting plane is determined without contact for sharp chopper knives and is stored; the quota thus memorized, measured for sharp chopper knives, is compared with the quota determined during operation; when crossing down a fixed limit value for the reduction of this quota, a signal is sent to the operator, a stop device is actuated, or else a sharpening device is put into service. Methods of controlling the sharpness of chopper knives are disclosed.

Regenerating copper-containing catalysts used in hydrogenation of methylol-aldehydes to methylol-alcohols involves treatment in oxygen-containing medium and re-activation in hydrogen-containing medium

Catalysts containing copper as an active component ,and used in the hydrogenation of methylol-aldehydes to methylol-alcohols, are regenerated in an oxygen-containing medium and activated prior to re-use in a hydrogen-containing medium. An Independent claim is included for use of the catalyst regeneration process is in the hydrogenation of hydroxypivalaldehyde, 2,2-dimethylolbutanal, 2,2-dimethylolpropionaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde and/or trimethylolacetaldehyde.

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE SHARPNESS OF HAECKSELMESSERN

Um Verlustzeiten und Unfallgefaehrdungen zu beseitigen und die Voraussetzungen fuer eine Prozeszautomatisierung zu schaffen, wird ein Verfahren zum Feststellen der Schaerfe von Haeckselmessern geschaffen. Es ist vorgesehen, bei rotierender Haeckseleinrichtung den Anteil der in der Schneidebene liegenden Haeckselmesserflaechen an der Gesamtrotationsflaeche beruehrungsfrei bei scharfen Haeckselmessern zu ermitteln und abzuspeichern, im Betrieb der Haeckseleinrichtung diesen Anteil erneut zu ermitteln, mit dem abgespeicherten Anteil zu vergleichen und bei Unterschreitung eines festgelegten Grenzwertes ein Signal zum Nachschleifen auszuloesen.{Verfahren; Haeckseleinrichtung; Haeckselmesser; Messen; Schaerfe; Schneidkante; Verkuerzung} In order to eliminate loss times and accident risks and to create the conditions for a process automation, a procedure for detecting the shears of Haeckselmessern is created. It is envisaged to determine when rotating Haeckseleinrichtung the proportion of lying in the cutting plane Haeckselmesserflaechen on the Gesamtrotationsflaeche beruehrungsfrei at sharp Haeckselmessern and store, to determine this share again in the operation of Haeckseleinrichtung to compare with the stored portion and falls below a specified limit Signal for regrinding. {Procedure; chopper; chopping blades; Measure up; Sharpness; Cutting edge; shortening}

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE SHARPNESS OF HAECKSELMESSERN

Um Verlustzeiten und Unfallgefaehrdungen zu beseitigen und die Voraussetzungen fuer eine Prozeszautomatisierung zu schaffen, wird ein Verfahren zum Feststellen der Schaerfe von Haeckselmessern geschaffen. Es ist vorgesehen, bei rotierender Haeckseleinrichtung den Abstand der Schneidkante der Haeckselmesser von einem festen Bezugspunkt der Haeckseleinrichtung festzustellen und mit dem Abstand bei scharfen Haeckselmessern zu vergleichen. Beim Erreichen eines festgelegten Grenzwertes der Vergroeszerung des Abstandes wird ein Signal ausgeloest.{Verfahren; Haeckseleinrichtung; Haeckselmesser; Messen; Schaerfe; Schneidkante; Bezugspunkt; Abstand} In order to eliminate loss times and accident risks and to create the conditions for a process automation, a procedure for detecting the shears of Haeckselmessern is created. It is intended to determine the distance of the cutting edge of the Haeckselmesser from a fixed reference point of the Haeckseleinrichtung with rotating Haeckseleinrichtung and to compare with the distance at sharp Haeckselmessern. Upon reaching a fixed limit of the magnification of the distance, a signal is triggered {method; chopper; chopping blades; Measure up; Sharpness; Cutting edge; Reference point; Distance}

Method for detecting the sharpness of cutting edges of chopping knives

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erkennung der Schärfe von Schneidkanten (16) von Häckselmessern (1) an einer umlaufend angetriebenen Häckseltrommel (14) eines Feldhäckslers mit einer Gegenschneide (19) und einer Schleifvorrichtung (15) mit einem Schleifstein (2) zum Nachschärfen der Häckselmesser (1), wobei durch wenigstens eine Elektrode (3) als Kontaktsensor (27) eine hinter der Schneidkante (16) befindliche Messerfläche (5) zumindest eines Häckselmessers (1) abgetastet und die Kontaktdauer der wenigstens einen Elektrode (3) mit der Messerfläche (5) erfasst wird. The present invention relates to a method for recognizing the sharpness of cutting edges (16) of chopping knives (1) on a rotating chopping drum (14) of a forage harvester with a counter blade (19) and a grinding device (15) with a grindstone (2) for re-sharpening the chopping knife (1), whereby a knife surface (5) located behind the cutting edge (16) of at least one chopping knife (1) is scanned by at least one electrode (3) as a contact sensor (27) and the contact time of at least one electrode (3) with the Knife surface (5) is detected.

A method of monitoring the sharpness of chaff-cutting blades

A method of monitoring the sharpness of chaff-cutting blades of chaff-cutting equipment comprises the steps of contactlessly determining the proportion of the blade surfaces lying in a cutting plane relative to the total rotational surface when the blades are sharp and while the chaff-cutting equipment is rotating, storing the determined proportion, determining this proportion anew during operation of the equipment, comparing the instantaneous proportion with the stored proportion, and generating a signal, for example to cause regrinding of the blades, when a fixed limit value is fallen below.

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE EDGE OF STRAW KNIVES

Procédé caractérisé en ce que de façon continue, ou bien par intervalles pendant le fonctionnement, alors que le dispositif hache-paille est en rotation, des impulsions de tension positive et négative induites dans un émetteur par le bord de coupe et le bord arrière d'un couteau hache-paille passant devant cet émetteur, sont détectées et décomptées ensemble; lorsqu'une valeur limite fixée des valeurs de tension ainsi décomptées, notamment du rapport des tensions de pointes, est atteinte, un signal est émis pour l'opérateur, un dispositif d'arrêt est actionné, ou bien un dispositif d'affûtage est mis en service. L'invention concerne les procédés pour contrôler le tranchant de couteaux hache-paille. A method characterized in that continuously, or at intervals during operation, while the chopper device is rotating, positive and negative voltage pulses induced in a transmitter by the cutting edge and the trailing edge of the cutter. a straw chopping knife passing in front of this transmitter, are detected and counted together; when a fixed limit value of the voltage values thus counted, in particular of the ratio of peak voltages, is reached, a signal is sent to the operator, a stop device is actuated, or else a sharpening device is activated in service. Methods of controlling the sharpness of chopper knives are disclosed.

Forage harvester with device for detecting cutting sharpness

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE SHARPNESS OF HAECKSELMESSERN

Um Verlustzeiten und Unfallgefaehrdungen zu beseitigen und die Voraussetzungen fuer eine Prozeszautomatisierung zu schaffen, wird ein Verfahren zum Feststellen der Schaerfe von Haeckselmessern geschaffen. Es ist vorgesehen, bei rotierender Haeckseleinrichtung die in einem Geber durch die Schneidkante und die Hinterkante eines vorbeistreichenden Haeckselmessers induzierten Spannungsimpulse zu erfassen, deren Spitzenspannungen miteinander zu verrechnen und beim Erreichen eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes ein Signal ausloesen.{Verfahren; Haeckseleinrichtung; Haeckselmesser; Messen; Schaerfe; Schneidkante; Hinterkante; Spannungsimpuls} In order to eliminate loss times and accident risks and to create the conditions for a process automation, a procedure for detecting the shears of Haeckselmessern is created. It is envisaged to detect when rotating Haeckseleinrichtung in a donor by the cutting edge and the trailing edge of a passing Haeckselmessers induced voltage pulses, their peak voltages to charge each other and trigger a signal when reaching a predetermined limit. {Method; chopper; chopping blades; Measure up; Sharpness; Cutting edge; Trailing edge; Voltage pulse}

METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE SHARPNESS OF CHOPPING KNIVES

CLOUD-BASED INTERACTIVE DIGITAL MEDICAL IMAGING AND PATIENT HEALTH INFORMATION EXCHANGE PLATFORM

The system brings together patient data both clinical records and imaging studies from disparate sources to the user workstation or mobile device in real-time and on-demand. In order to do so, the system needs to establish application layer connectivity utilizing HL7 or FHIR and DICOM for imaging. Once a secure connection is established, the system is able to search and retrieve records and present it to end user. 1. A cloud-based interactive digital medical imaging and patient health information exchange system for gathering and indexing medical records housed on multiple databases , the system comprising: connect to one or more medical records databases in real-time, wherein the one or more medical records databases comprise a picture archiving and communicating systems (PACS) database and an electronic medical record (EMR) database;', 'search, via an application programming interface (API) from the PACS database and the EMR database, one or more medical records for a patient;', 'locate the one or more medical records for the patient;', 'assign a medical record number (MRN) to the patient associated with the one or more medical records, wherein the MRN is a unique identification by which the patient is identified on both the PACS database and the EMR database;', 'generate a first unique identifier based on a combination of the one or more medical records of the patient on the PACS database and the MRN of the patient;', 'generate a second unique identifier based on a combination of the one or more medical records of the patient on the EMR database and the MRN of the patient; and', 'retrieve the one or more medical records from the PACS database and the EMR database;, 'a remote server configured to extract metadata from the one or more medical records;', 'index the one or more medical records, using the extracted metadata via the first unique identifier and the second unique identifier in a master patient index (MPI);', 'compare, via artificial intelligence, the one ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANAGING ACCESSES OF MULTIPLE SOFTWARE COMPONENTS TO SOFTWARE INTERFACES

A method for managing accesses of multiple software components to software interfaces. In the method, a temporal allocation of the software components to the software interfaces is calculated statically based on requirements of the software components with respect to the software interfaces. The allocation is optimized continuously in light of an observed runtime behavior of the software components. 111-. (canceled)12. A method for managing accesses of multiple software components to software interfaces , the method comprising:calculating a temporal allocation of the software components to the software interfaces statically based on requirements of the software components with respect to the software interfaces; andoptimizing the allocation continuously in light of an observed and/or simulated and/or prognosticated runtime behavior of the software components.13. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein:the allocation is calculated in a development phase of the software components orthe allocation is calculated during installation of the software components.14. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein the optimization is carried out based on higher-level system goals.15. The method as recited in claim 14 , wherein the system goals relate to at least one of the following:reaction times,operational reliability,wear,energy consumption,operating costs.16. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein accesses to the software interfaces are brokered by a message broker.17. The method as recited in claim 16 , wherein:the message broker uses MQTT, orthe message broker uses DDS.18. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein accesses to the software interfaces are carried out according to a subscriber pattern.19. The method as recited in claim 12 , wherein claim 12 , in response to a failure and/or implausibilities and or insufficient QoS of one of the software components claim 12 , the one of the software components is logged off and components that are affected are ...

Ejection apparatus for high-pressure ejection of a liquid

The invention concerns an apparatus for the high-pressure ejection of a liquid or a particle-containing liquid. The apparatus comprises a pressure chamber (1) which accommodates the liquid, opens into an ejection opening (2) and is delimited by a working piston (3, 8) which can be displaced by a drive in the pressure chamber (1). The drive takes the form of an impact member (4) which exerts a resilient impact on the working piston and can be accelerated such that it is driven until it strikes the working piston end remote from the pressure chamber. The impact member is not driven whilst the impact is transmitted. The volume of the pressure chamber (1) is larger than the displacement volume of the liquid displaced by the working piston (3, 8) during its power stroke.

Ejection apparatus for high-pressure ejection of a liquid

The invention concerns an apparatus for the high-pressure ejection of a liquid or a particle-containing liquid. The apparatus comprises a pressure chamber (1) which accommodates the liquid, opens into an ejection opening (2) and is delimited by a working piston (3, 8) which can be displaced by a drive in the pressure chamber (1). The drive takes the form of an impact member (4) which exerts a resilient impact on the working piston and can be accelerated such that it is driven until it strikes the working piston end remote from the pressure chamber. The impact member is not driven whilst the impact is transmitted. The volume of the pressure chamber (1) is larger than the displacement volume of the liquid displaced by the working piston (3, 8) during its power stroke.

Ejection apparatus for high-pressure ejection of a liquid

Ejection apparatus for the high pressure ejection of a liquid

An ejection apparatus for the high pressure ejection of a liquid. The apparatus has the following elements: (a) a pressure chamber for containing the liquid; (b) an ejection opening communicating between an outside and an inside of the pressure chamber; (c) a working piston displaceable in the pressure chamber from a first position at a beginning of a working stroke to second position at an end of the working stroke, having (1) a first end defining a first volume within the pressure chamber when the working piston is at the first position and displacing a second volume, less than the first volume, when the working piston moves from the first position to the second position, and (2) having a second end distal from the first end; and (d) a drive for driving the working piston including (1) an impact member for elastically impacting the second end of the working piston to cause the working piston from the first to the second position and (2) means for accelerating the impact member to impact the working piston. The device can be constructed either as an endoscopic device for delivering liquids in minimally invasive surgical procedures, or as a needle-less inoculation device.

Method and apparatus for providing patient care

A patient management system includes a programmable patient monitor for monitoring and recording a plurality of physiological conditions of a patient, a plurality of physiological condition sensors and a communications unit. The plurality of patient monitoring sensors are electrically coupled to the programmable patient monitor. Each sensor detects a particular physiological condition of the patient, such as core temperature, ECG electrodes for providing an electrocardiogram and blood oximetry sensors. The patient monitor is small and compact and easily worn by the patient during his normal at home activities. To provide communication with a caregiver via a remote controller at the caregiver's location, a communications unit is disposed in the facility. The communications unit may be selectively coupled to the programmable patient monitor for receiving, storing and transmitting to the remote controller patient physiological condition data and for transmitting instructions from the remote controller to the programmable patient monitor. When the patient connects the patient monitor to the communications unit, the patient can communicate with the caregiver at the remote location.

METHOD FOR CRUSHING HYDROXYPROPYLMETHYLCELLULOSE

PROCESS FOR PREPARING POLYMERIZES OF ETHYLENE

Method for regenerating catalyzers

Manufacture of a supported chromium oxide catalyst for olefin polymerization

A process for the manufacture of a supported chromium oxide catalyst from a catalyst precursor, which in turn is a silica-based finely divided carrier homogeneously charged with a chromium compound--by (1) treating the catalyst precursor, with or without addition of a promoter, with an oxygen-containing gas at an elevated temperature and then (2) treating the product obtained from stage (1) with carbon monoxide, wherein, in both stages (1) and (2), the solid is in the form of a fluidized bed maintained by means of a stream of carrier gas, and wherein furthermore, in stage (1), the treatment with oxygen is carried out at from 400° to 1,500° C. for a period of at least 30 minutes, and in stage (2) the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out at from 250° to 500° C. for a period of from 0.5 to 3 hours using an anhydrous and oxygen-free gas consisting of nitrogen to which a total of from 100 to 1,000 mole %, based on the chromium trioxide content of the product obtained from stage (1), of carbon monoxide is added uniformly over the total period of the carbon monoxide treatment.

Process for the manufacture of copolymers of ethylene and acrylic-acid esters in a tubular reactor at a pressure of at least 500 bar

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Copolymerisaten des Ethylens mit Acrylsäureestern oder Lösungen von freier Acrylsäure in Acrylsäureestern in einem kontinuierlich betriebenen, rohrförmigen Polymerisationssystem bei hohen Drücken und Temperaturen indem man dem Polymerisationssystem durch einen Hauptstrom an dessen Einlaßstelle und gleichzeitig durch mindestens zwei Nebenströme ein Gemisch aus Ethylen, Acrylsäureester, Initiator und gegebenenfalls Regler zuführt, wobei die Nebenströme (I) an Stellen, wo die Reaktionstemperatur ein durch die Polymerisationswärme entstandenes Temperaturmaximum gerade überschritten hat und Nebenströme (II) an Stellen, die - relativ zur Fließrichtung des Ethylens - vor den Zufuhrstellen der Nebenströme (I) und vor dem jeweiligen Tempraturmaximum liegen, eindosiert werden. The invention relates to a process for the preparation of copolymers of ethylene with acrylic acid esters or solutions of free acrylic acid in acrylic acid esters in a continuously operated, tubular polymerization system at high pressures and temperatures by mixing the polymerization system through a main stream at its inlet point and at the same time through at least two secondary streams from ethylene, acrylic acid ester, initiator and, if necessary, regulator, the side streams (I) at locations where the reaction temperature has just exceeded a temperature maximum caused by the heat of polymerization and side streams (II) at locations that - relative to the flow direction of the ethylene - before Feed points of the secondary flows (I) and before the respective maximum temperature are metered.

Process for the production of ethanolamines

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines oder mehrerer Ethanolamine (I), ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Monoethanolamin, Diethanolamin und Triethanolamin, durch Konversion eines oder mehrerer von dem oder den Ethanolaminen (I) verschiedenen Ethanolaminen (II), ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Monoethanolamin, Diethanolamin, Triethanolamin, O,N,N-Tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ethanolamin, N-(2-Aminoethyl)ethanolamin, N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazin, N-2(Hydroxyethyl)morpholin und N,N'-Bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin, wobei man das oder die Ethanolamine (II), gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart von Ammoniak, mit einer starken Base behandelt. A process for producing one or more ethanolamines (I) selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine by converting one or more ethanolamines (II) different from the ethanolamine (I) selected from the group consisting of Monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, O, N, N-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) ethanolamine, N- (2-aminoethyl) ethanolamine, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine, N-2 (hydroxyethyl) morpholine and N, N ' -Bis (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine, wherein the ethanolamine (s) (II), optionally in the presence of ammonia, are treated with a strong base.

GAS DISCHARGE SURGE ARRANGER WITH CONCENTRIC ELECTRODES

Body stone removal device

Thermal safety device for automatically sealing conduits

The invention concerns a thermal safety fitting in which the closure motion of the obturator is longitudinal with respect to the obturator seat. The aim is to avoid lateral excursions of the obturator, while keeping manufacturing costs and structural size as low as possible. The obturator (12) is held in the open position in the housing (1) on the longitudinal axis of the obturator seat (28) by means of an approximatively U-shaped element (30). The two arms (9) of the U-shaped element (30) are located in the vicinity of a reduced-diameter section (17) of the obturator (12). The part (13) of the U-shaped element (30) joining the two arms (9) rests against a thermosolder (14). If the thermosolder (14) melts, the arms (9) no longer remain in the reduced-diameter section (17) owing to the change in the position of the U-shaped element (30), and the obturator (12) thus moves into the closed position under the action of a closing spring (24).

Thermal safety device for automatically blocking pipes

A thermal safety device is disclosed which, in the area of the closing element, has an uninterrupted circular cross section. Furthermore, the axial guiding of the closing element during the closing stroke is ensured. In the axial continuation of a seat located within the casing there is a guide pin. A closing spring is aligned on this guide pin, and, when taut, the spring is situated as far as possible inside a blind hole, with a throat acting as a control edge, inside the closing element. Under the influence of the closing spring, a ram forming a part of a detecting element, keeps the control edge adjacent to a clip-stop edge when the safety device is in the open position. Once the thermal solder element melts away, however, the resulting change in position of the ram allows the control edge to move away from the click-stop edge, so that the closing element, under the influence of the closing spring, moves into a closed position. The thermal safety device acts to shut off pipes, especially gas pipes, automatically should an inadmissible rise in temperature occur.

Thermal safety fitting for automatically shutting down fluid lines

The invention concerns a thermal safety fitting in which the closure motion of the obturator is longitudinal with respect to the obturator seat. The aim is to avoid lateral excursions of the obturator, while keeping manufacturing costs and structural size as low as possible. The obturator (12) is held in the open position in the housing (1) on the longitudinal axis of the obturator seat (28) by means of a generally U-shaped element (30). The two arms (9) of the U-shaped element (30) are located in the vicinity of a reduced-diameter section (17) of the obturator (12). The part (13) of the U-shaped element (30) joining the two arms (9) rests against a thermosolder (14). If the thermosolder (14) melts, the arms (9) no longer remain in the reduced-diameter section (17) owing to the change in the position of the U-shaped element (30), and the obturator (12) thus moves into the closed position under the action of a closing spring (24).

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR PREDICTING RESPONSIVENESS TO TREATMENT WITH TNF-α INHIBITOR

The invention provides methods of determining or predicting the responsiveness of a subject to treatment with a TNFα inhibitor, such as a TNFα antibody by determining genetic factors.

New polyurethane dispersions

The present invention relates to polyurethane dispersions with improved chemical stability, the use thereof and methods for the production thereof.

Fire-protection valve with shutting spring for automatically shutting off conduits.

L'objet de l'invention est de développer une soupape coupe-feu garantissant, de façon reproductible, une fermeture étanche. Même lorsque le ressort perd sa force à cause de températures très élevées, la soupape doit rester fermée même sous des coups et/ou des secousses. Afin de résoudre ce problème, on a donné au corps métallique de fermeture (11) une forme sphérique au moins dans la zone d'étanchéité. Son diamètre est tel que l'on obtient un ajustement serré léger avec le diamètre d'un alésage (21) du corps (1) de la soupape lorsque la soupape est fermée. Un deuxième alésage (20) s'étendant axialement par rapport au premier alésage (21) est situé en amont dudit alésage (21) dans la direction du corps de fermeture (11), lorsque la soupape est ouverte. Le diamètre du deuxième alésage (20) s'assemble, avec un jeu, avec le diamètre du corps de fermeture (11). Un guidage conique (19) qui s'élargit dans la direction du corps de fermeture (11) en position d'ouverture est situé entre celui-ci et le deuxième alésage (20). L'invention concerne une soupape coupe-feu avec un ressort de fermeture automatique de canalisations, notamment de canalisations de gaz, du type des soupapes utilisées en amont de robinets de gaz, etc. The object of the invention is to develop a fire stop valve ensuring, in a reproducible manner, a tight closure. Even when the spring loses its force due to very high temperatures, the valve must remain closed even under knocks and / or jolts. In order to solve this problem, the closing metallic body (11) has been given a spherical shape at least in the sealing zone. Its diameter is such that a slight tight fit is obtained with the diameter of a bore (21) of the body (1) of the valve when the valve is closed. A second bore (20) extending axially with respect to the first bore (21) is located upstream of said bore (21) in the direction of the closure body (11), when the valve is open. The diameter of the second bore (20 ...

LIGHTING ARRANGEMENT

The present disclosure relates to a lighting arrangement, which comprises at least one light source, with at least one camera and a control system, wherein the colour and/or colour temperature of the light source is variable and the camera records images of a region illuminated by the light source. According to the disclosure, the control system controls the lighting arrangement such that the light source illuminates the illuminated region successively with light of a different colour and/or colour temperature, wherein the control system separately evaluates and/or outputs a first image recorded in a first colour and/or colour temperature of the lighting.

Process for the production of amines

Herstellung von Aminen durch Umsetzung von Aldehyden oder Ketonen bei erhöhter Temperatur und erhöhtem Druck mit Stickstoffverbindungen, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Ammoniak, primäre und sekundäre Amine, und mit Wasserstoff in Gegenwart eines Katalysators enthaltend Kupfer, wobei die katalytisch aktive Masse des Katalysators von der Reduktion mit Wasserstoff DOLLAR A 20 bis 85 Gew.-% sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen des Zirkoniums, berechnet als ZrO¶2¶, DOLLAR A 1 bis 30 Gew.-% sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen des Kupfers, berechnet als CuO, DOLLAR A 14 bis 70 Gew.-% sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen des Nickels, berechnet als NiO, DOLLAR A 0 bis 5 gew.-% sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen des Molybdäns, berechnet als MoO¶3¶, und 0 bis 10 Gew.-% sauerstoffhaltige Verbindungen des Aluminiums, berechnet als Al¶2¶O¶3¶, enthält. Production of amines by reacting aldehydes or ketones at elevated temperature and pressure with nitrogen compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary and secondary amines, and with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst containing copper, the catalytically active mass of the catalyst from the reduction with Hydrogen DOLLAR A 20 to 85% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of zirconium, calculated as ZrO¶2¶, DOLLAR A 1 to 30% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of copper, calculated as CuO, DOLLAR A 14 to 70% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds Compounds of nickel, calculated as NiO, DOLLAR A 0 to 5% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of molybdenum, calculated as MoO¶3¶, and 0 to 10% by weight of oxygen-containing compounds of aluminum, calculated as Al¶2¶O¶ 3¶, contains.

Blocking device for an element closing an opening

Gas flow monitor

The invention relates to a gas flow monitor wherein the closing flow has the same value in a plurality of installation positions. According to the invention, the gas flow monitor is further intended to be suitable for small pressure loss values. Design and production are intended to be as simple as possible. The gas flow monitor according to the invention, comprising a gas-tight housing (1) that has a valve seat (4) for an axially movable closing body (10) in the interior that is held against the direction of flow in the opening position by spring force, is characterized in that the play of said mounting is greater in the open position and continuously narrows upon beginning the closing movement.

Gas flow monitor has surfaces connected to casing and closing body forming cavities connected by throttle points

The gas flow monitor has closed cavities (6, 7) formed between the casing (1) and the closing body (2) to delay the closing movement. The volumes of these cavities changes during the closing movement. The enclosed gas can only escape through the throttle points (10, 11), so the closing movement is slowed down. Brief flow peaks do not close the pipeline.

Gas flow monitor

The invention relates to a gas flow monitor wherein the closing flow has the same value in a plurality of installation positions. According to the invention, the gas flow monitor is further intended to be suitable for small pressure loss values. Design and production are intended to be as simple as possible. The gas flow monitor according to the invention, comprising a gas-tight housing ( 1 ) that has a valve seat ( 4 ) for an axially movable closing body ( 10 ) in the interior that to is held against the direction of flow in the opening position by spring force, is characterized in that the play of said mounting is greater in the open position and continuously narrows upon beginning the closing movement.

Gas flow monitor

The aim of the invention is a gas flow monitor in which the closing flow has the same value independent of the installed position. Furthermore, said monitor should have a damping function in order to prevent a closing during brief flow spikes. The design and production should be as simple as possible. This is achieved in that the gas flow monitor has a closing body (1) which is held open against the gas flow up to a threshold by a spring (6) and which is pressed against a valve seat (13) when said threshold is exceeded. The closing body (1) is mounted in a pivotal manner in the direction of the valve seat (13), and the center of gravity of said pivotally mounted closing body (1) is located on said pivot axis (3).

Excess flow valve

Es soll ein Gasströmungswächter geschaffen werden, bei dem die Einstellung/Änderung des Schließdurchflusses ohne konstruktive Veränderungen und somit auch noch nach der Fertigung möglich ist. Insbesondere soll es ermöglicht werden, dass die Einstellung des Schließdurchflusses erst zum Zeitpunkt der Installation erfolgt. DOLLAR A Der Gasströmungswächter besteht aus einem gasdichten Gehäuse (1), das im Inneren einen Ventilsitz (6) für einen im Gehäuse (1) beweglichen Schließkörper (14) aufweist. Der Schließkörper (14) ist auf einem Stift (11) befestigt, der in einer Eingangsführung (7) und einer Ausgangsführung (8) gelagert wird. Durch eine Schließfeder (16), die sich einerseits an der Ausgangsführung (8) und andererseits an dem Schließkörper (14) abstützt, wird dieser in Offenstellung gehalten. Auf der Eingangsführung (7) ist ein Distanzstück (17) angeordnet, das in Offenstellung des Gasströmungswächters einen Anschlag (18) für den Schließkörper (14) bildet. DOLLAR A Der Gasströmungswächter dient zum automatischen Absperren von Gasleitungen beim Auftreten einer unzulässigen Druchflusserhöhung. A gas flow monitor is to be created in which the setting / changing of the closing flow is possible without design changes and thus also after production. In particular, it should be made possible for the closing flow to be set only at the time of installation. DOLLAR A The gas flow monitor consists of a gas-tight housing (1), which has a valve seat (6) inside for a closing body (14) that can move in the housing (1). The closing body (14) is fastened on a pin (11) which is mounted in an input guide (7) and an output guide (8). A closing spring (16), which is supported on the one hand on the exit guide (8) and on the other hand on the closing body (14), keeps it in the open position. A spacer (17) is arranged on the input guide (7) and forms a stop (18) for the closing body (14) in the open position of the gas flow monitor. DOLLAR A The gas flow monitor is used to automatically ...

Gas stream monitor

Gas flow monitor

Es soll ein Gasströmungswächter geschaffen werden, bei dem der Schließdurchfluss in mehreren Einbaulagen den gleichen Wert besitzt. Desweiteren soll der Gasströmungswächter für geringe Druckverlustwerte geeignet sein. Aufbau und Herstellung sollen möglichst einfach sein. Der Gasströmungswächter mit einem gasdichten Gehäuse (1), das im Inneren einen Ventilsitz (4) für einen axial beweglichen Schließkörper (10) aufweist, der durch Federkraft gegen die Durchströmrichtung in Offenstellung gehalten ist, zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass das Spiel dieser Lagerung in Offenstellung größer ist und sich bei Beginn der Schließbewegung kontinuierlich verengt.

CYCLIC DERIVATIVES AND THEIR METABOLITES, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS MEDICAMENTS

La présente invention a pour objet les composés de formule I : (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) dans laquelle R1 , R2 et X ont des significations variées, et quatre métabolites de structure non connue, désignés métabolites A, B, C et D. Ces composés peuvent être obtenus par synthèse et par fermentation de souches de Streptomyces par exemple la souche Spreptomyces tsukubaensis ndegre(s) 9993. L'invention concerne également l'utilisation de ces composés comme médicaments. The present invention relates to the compounds of formula I: (CF DRAWING IN BOPI) in which R1, R2 and X have various meanings, and four metabolites of unknown structure, designated metabolites A, B, C and D. These compounds can be obtained by synthesis and fermentation of strains of Streptomyces, for example the strain Spreptomyces tsukubaensis ndegre (s) 9993. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds as medicaments.