TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways. The shield may be terminated by butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. For lap joints, a portion of an outer insulation layer may be removed and a replacement outer insulation layer is positioned in place of the removed outer insulation layer, where the replacement layer extends beyond an inner insulation layer and the shield. The replacement layer may also lap onto a portion of the insulation extension. Barbs may be located between the replacement layer and the inner insulation layer or the insulation extension. The shield wires have ends at the termination point that may be folded over individually or may be capped with a ring located within one of the insulation layers of the jacket. 1. A method of terminating a shield within a jacket of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing the shield between an inner insulation layer of the jacket and an outer insulation layer of the jacket, the shield terminating by the end of the inner insulation layer, the outer insulation layer terminating prior to an end of the shield and the inner insulation layer;bonding an insulation extension layer onto the end of the inner insulation layer;positioning a replacement outer insulation layer over the shield and inner insulation layer where the outer insulation layer is not present, the replacement outer insulation layer extending beyond the end of the inner insulation layer to also extend over the insulation extension layer, the replacement outer insulation layer being bonded to an end of the outer insulation layer.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing a portion of the outer insulation layer so that the outer insulation layer of the jacket terminates prior to the end of the shield and the inner insulation layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the replacement outer insulation layer terminates before an ...

SHIELDED IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD WITH GUARDED TERMINATION

Implantable medical leads include a shield that is guarded at a termination by having a first portion and second portion of the shield, where the first portion is between a termination of the shield at the second portion and an inner insulation layer surrounding the filars. The first portion may reduce the coupling of RF energy from the termination of the shield at the second portion to the filars. The first and second portions may be part of a continuous shield, where the first and second portions are separated by an inversion of the shield. The first and second portions may instead be separate pieces. The first portion may be noninverted residing between the termination at the second portion and inner layers, or the first portion may be inverted to create first and second sub-portions. The shield termination at the second portion is between the first and second sub-portions. 1. A method of shielding an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing an inner insulation layer surrounding at least one filar that is electrically connected to an electrode;providing a shield surrounding the inner insulation layer, the shield comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being positioned between the second portion and the inner insulation layer while being spaced apart from the second portion, wherein providing the shield comprises providing a continuous shield that forms the first portion and the second portion, providing an inversion of the continuous shield that separates the first portion from the second portion the second portion providing a point of termination of the shield with the first portion being located between termination and the inner insulation layer; andproviding an outer insulation layer surrounding the first portion and the second portion of the shield.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the shield comprises providing a first portion and a second portion that are separate pieces claim 1 , wherein the second ...

RADIOPAQUE MARKERS FOR IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS

Radiopaque markers represent that a lead is suitable for a particular medical procedure such as a magnetic resonance image scan and are added to the lead or related device. The markers may be added after implantation of the lead in various ways including suturing, gluing, crimping, or clamping a radiopaque tag to the lead or to the device. The markers may be added by placing a radiopaque coil about the lead, and the radiopaque coil may radially contract against the lead to obtain a fixed position. The markers may be added by placing a polymer structure onto the lead where the polymer structure includes a radiopaque marker within it. The polymer structure may include a cylindrical aperture that contracts against the lead to fix the position of the structure. The polymer structure may form a lead anchor that includes suture wings that can be sutured to the lead. 1. A method of providing a radiopaque marker for an implantable medical lead , comprising:implanting the lead within a body; andafter implanting the lead, placing the radiopaque marker within the body in proximity to the proximal end of the lead, wherein the radiopaque marker comprises a metal plate, the method further comprising coupling the metal plate to the lead.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein placing the marker within the body in proximity to the proximal end of the lead comprises placing the marker loosely within a pocket created within the body where the proximal end of the lead is present when coupling the metal plate to the lead.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein placing the marker within the body in proximity to the proximal end of the lead comprises attaching the marker to the lead.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein placing the marker within the body in proximity to the proximal end of the lead comprises attaching the marker to an implantable medical device case.5. The method of claim claim 1 , wherein attaching the marker comprises suturing the marker in place.6. The method of claim 3 , wherein ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL ELECTRICAL LEAD AND CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY

An implantable system that includes a lead and an implantable signal generator wherein the plurality of electrical contacts and the plurality of insulating regions on the lead, and the plurality of electrical connectors and the plurality of electrical insulators in the connector block are configured so that each of the plurality of electrical contacts form operable connections to the electronic circuitry through each of the plurality of electrical connector, and the insulating regions and the electrical insulators electrically isolate adjacent operable connections. Leads, and methods are also disclosed. 1. An implantable system comprising: a) a lead body having a proximal end, a proximal portion, a distal portion, and a major axis;', 'b) a plurality of electrodes located at the distal portion of the lead body;', 'c) a plurality of electrical contact located at the proximal portion of the lead body, wherein each of the plurality of electrical contacts has a contact length along the major axis of the lead body;', 'd) a plurality of insulating regions located at the proximal portion of the lead body, wherein each of the plurality of insulating regions has an insulating length along the major axis of the lead body; and', 'e) a plurality of conductive elements that operably couple the plurality of electrodes to the plurality of electrical contacts,', 'wherein the plurality of the electrical contacts and the plurality of the insulating regions are configured so that the plurality of insulating regions electrically isolate the electrical contacts, and wherein either one of the plurality of insulating lengths is different from the other insulating lengths or one of the plurality of contact lengths is different from the other contact lengths; and, 'a lead, wherein the lead comprises a) electronic circuitry; and', i. a lumen having a major axis, wherein the lumen is configured to receive at least a portion of the lead;', 'ii. a plurality of electrical connectors each having ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL ELECTRICAL LEAD AND CONNECTOR ASSEMBLY

An implantable system that includes a lead and an implantable signal generator wherein the plurality of electrical contacts and the plurality of insulating regions on the lead, and the plurality of electrical connectors and the plurality of electrical insulators in the connector block are configured so that each of the plurality of electrical contacts form operable connections to the electronic circuitry through each of the plurality of electrical connector, and the insulating regions and the electrical insulators electrically isolate adjacent operable connections. Leads, and methods are also disclosed. 115-. (canceled)16. An implantable electrical lead comprising:a) a lead body having a proximal end, a proximal portion and a distal portion;b) a plurality of electrodes located at the distal portion of the lead body;c) a plurality of electrical contacts located at the proximal portion of the lead body, wherein each of the plurality of electrical contacts has a contact length along the lead body;d) a plurality of insulating regions located at the proximal portion of the lead body, wherein each of the plurality of insulating regions has an insulating length along the lead body; ande) a plurality of conductive means that electrically couple the plurality of electrodes to the plurality of electrical contacts,wherein the contact length of an electrical contact of the plurality of electrical contacts that is positioned proximal to another electrical contact of the plurality of electrical contacts is different from the other contact lengths.17. (canceled)18. The implantable electrical lead according to claim 16 , wherein one of the plurality of insulating lengths is different from the other insulating lengths.19. (canceled)20. The implantable electrical lead according to claim 16 , wherein more than one of the plurality of insulating lengths is different from the other insulating lengths.21. The implantable electrical lead according to claim 16 , wherein more than one of ...

Bladder Fullness Level Indication Based on Bladder Oscillation Frequency

A bladder fullness level of a patient may be determined based on a frequency of mechanical oscillations of the bladder of the patient. The bladder may mechanically oscillate in response to the occurrence of non-micturition contractions of the bladder of the patient, which are contractions not associated with urine release. The frequency at which the bladder oscillates, e.g., following a non-micturition contraction, may have a correlation to the bladder fullness level. In some examples, a medical device may be configured to control the delivery of electrical stimulation therapy to the patient based on the oscillation frequency of the bladder. In addition, or instead to controlling therapy based on the oscillation frequency of the bladder, a notification, such as a patient or patient caretaker notification, may be generated (e.g., automatically by a processor of a device) based on the oscillation frequency of the bladder. 1. A system comprising:a sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of mechanical oscillation of a bladder of a patient; anda processor configured to receive the signal from the sensor, determine an oscillation frequency of the bladder based on the signal, and take a responsive action based on the oscillation frequency.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor configured to compare the oscillation frequency to a threshold value claim 1 , and take the responsive action in response to determining the oscillation frequency is less than or equal to the threshold value.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a memory that associates a plurality of oscillation frequencies with respective responsive actions claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to determine the responsive action associated with the oscillation frequency in the memory.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a medical device configured to deliver therapy to the patient claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to take the responsive action by at least ...

PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION DETERMINATION BASED ON PRESSURE WAVE PRODUCED BY AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE HOUSING

A physiological state of a patient is detected by at least producing and detecting pressure waves with a free wall of an implantable medical device (IMD) housing. An actuator element may contact the free wall, e.g., a portion of the IMD housing, and cause movement of the free wall that produces a pressure wave within the fluid and tissue of the patient. A detector element contacting the free wall may in turn detect reflected pressure waves received by the free wall. An acoustic module within the IMD may then determine a physiological condition of the patient, e.g., a bladder fullness state, based on the time delay between the transmitted and reflected pressure waves. In some examples in which the IMD also delivers stimulation therapy to the patient, e.g., incontinence therapy, the IMD may also automatically adjust stimulation therapy based on the determined physiological condition. 112-. (canceled)13. A method comprising:producing a pressure wave within a patient with a portion of a housing of an implantable medical device, wherein the housing substantially encloses a processor;detecting at least one reflected pressure wave with the housing portion; anddetermining, by the processor and based on the at least one reflected pressure wave, a physiological condition of the patient.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the portion of the housing is configured to enclose operational circuitry of the implantable medical device claim 13 , and wherein the portion of the housing is tuned to one or more frequencies of the pressure wave.15. The method of claim 13 , wherein producing the pressure wave further comprises:producing the pressure wave from an internal location inferior to a bladder and lateral to a labia; anddirecting the pressure wave towards the bladder.16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the physiological condition includes a bladder fullness state.17. The method of claim 13 , wherein determining the physiological condition further comprises:determining a time ...

UNWRAPPED 2D VIEW OF A STIMULATION LEAD WITH COMPLEX ELECTRODE ARRAY GEOMETRY

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead. 1. A method comprising:presenting, at a display, an unwrapped two-dimensional (2D) array view of a representation of an implantable lead having a complex electrode array geometry, wherein the implantable lead comprises a plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments located at different angular positions about a circumference of the lead, and the unwrapped 2D array view depicts each of the electrode segments.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments comprises a first level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a first axial position along the length of the implantable lead and a second level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a second axial position along the length of the implantable lead claim 1 , and wherein the electrode segments of the first level are staggered at different angular positions from the electrode segments of the second level.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments comprises a first level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a first ...

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways at a metal connector. The shield may be terminated by various joints including butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection to a single metal connector. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by passing between an overlapping pair of inner and outer metal connectors. The metal connectors may include features such as teeth or threads that penetrate the insulation layers of the lead. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by exiting a jacket of a lead adjacent to a metal connector and lapping onto the metal connector. 1. A method of terminating a braided shield within a jacket of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing an inner insulation layer;providing an inner metal ring located near an end of the inner insulation layer;providing the braided shield between the inner insulation layer of the jacket and an outer insulation layer of the jacket, a portion of the braided shield lapping onto the inner metal ring; andproviding an outer metal ring about the inner metal ring with the portion of the braided shield being positioned between the inner metal ring and the outer metal ring.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner metal ring sits on an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner metal ring is sunken into the inner insulation layer so that an outer surface of the metal ring is flush with an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer insulation layer terminates adjacent to the outer metal ring such that the outer metal ring wraps directly onto the braided shield.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the outer insulation layer covers the inner metal ring claim 1 , wherein the outer metal ring ...

Unwrapped 2d view of a stimulation lead with complex electrode array geometry

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead.

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, SYSTEMS, AND RELATED METHODS FOR CREATING A HIGH IMPEDANCE WITHIN A CONDUCTION PATH IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD OF A GIVEN STRENGTH

Implantable medical systems include implantable medical leads that have magnetic orientation-independent magnetically actuated switches that are placed in the conduction path to the electrode of the lead. Thus, regardless of the orientation of a substantial magnetic field like that from an MRI machine to the lead and switch within the lead, the switch opens when in the presence of that substantial magnetic field. The switch may be placed in close proximity to the electrode such that the opening of the switch disconnects the electrode from the majority of the conduction path which thereby produces a high impedance for RF current and reduces the amount of heating that may occur at the electrode when in the presence of substantial levels of RF electromagnetic energy as may occur within an MRI machine. 1. A method of making a magnetic orientation-independent magnetically operated switch , comprising:producing an outer cylinder and an actuator cylinder by stacking ferromagnetic sheets and non-ferromagnetic sheets in alternating order and bonding the ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic sheets together;creating a bore within the outer cylinder sized to receive the actuator cylinder and producing a bore within the actuator cylinder sized to receive an actuator pin;attaching a first ferromagnetic body having a bore to an end of the outer cylinder so that the bore of the first ferromagnetic body is aligned with the bore of the outer cylinder;positioning the actuator cylinder within the bore of the outer cylinder;positioning the actuator pin within the bore of the actuator cylinder and the bore of the first ferromagnetic body with a portion of the actuator pin extending beyond the bore of the first ferromagnetic body; andattaching a second ferromagnetic body to the portion of the actuator pin.2. The method of claim 1 ,wherein producing the outer cylinder and the actuator cylinder comprises cutting the outer cylinder and actuator cylinder from a same stack of alternating ...

USER INTERFACE WITH 3D ENVIRONMENT FOR CONFIGURING STIMULATION THERAPY

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient. 1. A method comprising:representing a three-dimensional (3D) anatomical region of a patient in a 3D environment;representing a 3D stimulation field within the 3D anatomical region;receiving stimulation field input from a user defining the 3D stimulation field in the 3D environment; andgenerating electrical stimulation parameters in a programming device based upon the 3D stimulation field and a location of at least one electrode within patient.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrical stimulation parameters define an electrode combination from a complex electrode array geometry.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:representing an electrical stimulation lead as a lead icon in the 3D environment; andpositioning the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical region of the patient in the 3D environment based on a physical location of the electrical stimulation lead in the patient.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein positioning the lead icon comprises receiving directional user input specifying placement of the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical region of the patient.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein positioning the lead icon comprises:receiving information regarding the physical location of the electrical stimulation lead in the patient; andautomatically positioning the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical ...

PERIPHERAL NERVE FIELD STIMULATION AND SPINAL CORD STIMULATION

Delivery of peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNFS) in combination with one or more other therapies is described. The other therapy delivered in combination with PNFS may be, for example, a different type of neurostimulation, such as spinal cord stimulation (SCS), or a drug. PNFS and the other therapy may be delivered simultaneously, in an alternating fashion, according to a schedule, and/or selectively, e.g., in response to a request received from a patient or clinician. A combination therapy that includes PNFS may be able to more completely address complex or multifocal pain than would be possible through delivery of either PNFS or other therapies alone. Further, the combination of PNFS with one or more other therapies may reduce the likelihood that neural accommodation will impair the perceived effectiveness PNFS or the other therapies. 1. A system for treating pain of a patient comprising:a first implantable medical device that delivers peripheral nerve field stimulation to a region of a body of the patient in which the patient experiences pain via a first set of one or more electrodes implanted in the region; anda second implantable medical device that delivers spinal cord stimulation to the patient via a second set of one or more electrodes implanted proximate to a spinal cord of the patient.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first and second medical devices communicate to coordinate delivery of the peripheral nerve field stimulation and the spinal cord stimulation.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first implantable medical device comprises a housing implantable within the region of the body in which the patient experiences pain claim 1 , and the first set of electrode comprises an array of electrodes located on the housing.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first implantable medical device is implanted within at least one of an intra-dermal claim 1 , deep dermal claim 1 , or subcutaneous layer of the region.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways. The shield may be terminated by butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. For lap joints, a portion of an outer insulation layer may be removed and a replacement outer insulation layer is positioned in place of the removed outer insulation layer, where the replacement layer extends beyond an inner insulation layer and the shield. The replacement layer may also lap onto a portion of the insulation extension. The barbs may be located between the replacement layer and the inner insulation layer or the insulation extension. The shield wires have ends at the termination point that may be folded over individually or may be capped with a ring located within one of the insulation layers of the jacket. 1. A method of terminating a shield within a jacket of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing the shield between an inner insulation layer of the jacket and an outer insulation layer of the jacket, the shield terminating by the end of the inner insulation layer, the outer insulation layer terminating prior to an end of the shield and the inner insulation layer;bonding an insulation extension layer onto the end of the inner insulation layer;positioning a replacement outer insulation layer over the shield and inner insulation layer where the outer insulation layer is not present, the replacement outer insulation layer extending beyond the end of the inner insulation layer to also extend over the insulation extension layer, the replacement outer insulation layer being bonded to an end of the outer insulation layer.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing a portion of the outer insulation layer so that the outer insulation layer of the jacket terminates prior to the end of the shield and the inner insulation layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the replacement outer insulation layer terminates ...

User interface with 3d environment for configuring stimulation therapy

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient.

SHIELDED IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD WITH GUARDED TERMINATION

Implantable medical leads include a shield that is guarded at a termination by having a first portion and a second portion of the shield, where the first portion is between a termination of the shield at the second portion and an inner insulation layer that surrounds the filars. The first portion may reduce the coupling of RF energy from the termination of the shield at the second portion to the filars. The first and second portions may be part of a continuous shield, where the first and second portions are separated by an inversion of the shield. The first and second portions may instead be separate pieces. The first portion may be noninverted and reside between the termination at the second portion and the inner layers, or the first portion may be inverted to create first and second sub-portions. The shield termination at the second portion is between the first and second sub-portions. 1. A method of shielding an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing an inner insulation layer surrounding at least one filar;providing a shield surrounding the inner insulation layer, the shield comprising a first portion comprising braided wires and a second portion comprising braided wires, the first portion being positioned between the second portion and the inner insulation layer while being spaced apart from the second portion, wherein the first portion and the second portion are separate pieces, wherein the second portion provides a point of termination of the shield with the first portion being located between the point of termination and the inner insulation layer, wherein the first portion includes an inversion that separates the first portion into a first sub-portion and a second sub-portion, the first sub-portion being located between the second portion and the inner insulation layer and the second sub-portion being located on a side of the second portion opposite the first sub-portion such that the termination point of the second portion is between the first sub- ...

Shielded implantable medical lead with reduced torsional stiffness

Shields within implantable leads increase the torsional stiffness of the leads. The torsional stiffness may be reduced by cutting the shield axially to break the circumferential mechanical continuity of the shield. The circumferential shielding continuity of the shield may be re-established to preserve the shielding effect in various manners. The shield may overlap onto itself to close the slot created by the cut. A shield patch may be placed across the slot created by the cut. The shield may be located between two insulation layers of the lead. The shield may be cut and then the slot closed prior to application of the outer insulation layer. The outer insulation layer may then be added over the shield. The outer insulation layer may be compliant so that once covered, the circumferential mechanical continuity of the shield remains broken.

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy includes a delivery tool for deploying an implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site. The implantable medical device includes a housing, an electronic circuit within the housing, and an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body. The delivery tool includes a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead. The first cavity and the second cavity are in direct communication for receiving and deploying the housing and the lead coupled to the housing concomitantly as a single unit. 1. A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy , comprising: a housing;', 'an electronic circuit within the housing;', 'an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body; and, 'an implantable medical device comprisinga delivery tool for deploying the implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site, the tool comprising a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead, the first cavity and the second cavity in direct communication for receiving the housing and the lead coupled to the housing as a single unit.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the lead body comprises a flattened side.3. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a first fixation member along the distal end of the lead body.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the lead further comprises a second fixation member spaced apart proximally from the first fixation member along the lead body such that a tissue layer is captured between the first fixation member and the second fixation member when the lead distal end is advanced through a tissue layer.5. The ...

Minimally invasive implantable neurostimulation system

A neuromodulation therapy is delivered via at least one electrode implanted subcutaneously and superficially to a fascia layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. In one example, an implantable medical device is deployed along a superficial surface of a deep fascia tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to the nerve through the deep fascia tissue layer via implantable medical device electrodes.

SEALS FOR LEAD BORES OF IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES

Seals used within lead bores of implantable medical devices for creating a seal to implantable medical leads inserted into the lead bores include a cylinder that engages the lead body. The length of contact of the cylinder to the lead body is at least 0.010″ long while average contact pressure is no greater than (10 pounds per inch)/(contact length). Adequate electrical isolation is achieved, even when a debris particle is present between the inner cylinder and the lead body while insertion force remains acceptable. 1. An implantable medical system , comprising:a therapy delivery element having a proximal contact, a body, and a length;a housing defining a first bore, the therapy delivery element being present within the first bore;circuitry within the housing to at least one of deliver therapy to a patient or sense a biological signal of the patient;an electrical connector positioned within the first bore and electrically coupled to the circuitry, with the proximal contact being in contact with the electrical connector; andan elastic seal body coupled to the housing, the elastic seal body comprising a first cylinder defining a seal bore, the first cylinder being positioned within the first bore and contacting the length of the therapy delivery element over a contact length of at least 0.010 inches and with an average contact pressure of no greater than (10 pounds per inch)/(contact length).21. The implantable medical system of , wherein the contact length is at least 0.025 inches.31. The implantable medical system of , wherein the contact length is at least 0.050 inches.4. The implantable medical system of claim 1 , wherein the first cylinder is formed of a material having a tensile modulus of elasticity of 100 to 1000 pounds per square inch at an engineering strain of 5%.5. The implantable medical system of claim 1 , wherein the elastic seal body is formed of silicone rubber having a hardness of 20A to 90A.6. The implantable medical system of claim 6 , wherein the ...

User interface with 3d environment for configuring stimulation therapy

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient.

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways at a metal connector. The shield may be terminated by various joints including butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection to a single metal connector. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by passing between an overlapping pair of inner and outer metal connectors. The metal connectors may include features such as teeth or threads that penetrate the insulation layers of the lead. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by exiting a jacket of a lead adjacent to a metal connector and lapping onto the metal connector. 1. A method of terminating a shield within a jacket of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing the shield between an inner insulation layer of the jacket and an outer insulation layer of the jacket, the shield terminating by the end of the inner insulation layer, the outer insulation layer terminating prior to an end of the shield and the inner insulation layer;bonding an insulation extension layer onto the end of the inner insulation layer; andpositioning a metal ring over the shield and inner insulation layer where the outer insulation layer is not present.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal ring abuts the insulation extension layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner insulation layer and the shield terminate by an end of the metal ring.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner insulation layer and the shield extend beyond the metal ring.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:positioning a replacement outer insulation layer over the inner insulation layer and over the shield, the replacement outer insulation layer extending beyond the end of the inner insulation layer to also extend over the insulation extension layer, the replacement outer ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, SYSTEMS, AND RELATED METHODS FOR CREATING A HIGH IMPEDANCE WITHIN A CONDUCTION PATH IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD OF A GIVEN STRENGTH

Implantable medical systems include implantable medical leads that have magnetic orientation-independent magnetically actuated switches that are placed in the conduction path to the electrode of the lead. Thus, regardless of the orientation of a substantial magnetic field like that from an MRI machine to the lead and switch within the lead, the switch opens when in the presence of that substantial magnetic field. The switch may be placed in close proximity to the electrode such that the opening of the switch disconnects the electrode from the majority of the conduction path which thereby produces a high impedance for RF current and reduces the amount of heating that may occur at the electrode when in the presence of substantial levels of RF electromagnetic energy as may occur within an MRI machine. 1. A method of creating a high impedance within a conduction path of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing a first actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field that is not oriented normal to a direction of movement of the first actuator attempts to move from a first start position toward a first stop position;providing a second actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field that is not oriented parallel to a direction of movement of the second actuator attempts to move from a second start position toward a second stop position; andproviding at least one switch in series with the conduction path that resides in a closed state and achieves an open state to create the high impedance when the first actuator moves toward the first stop position and/or when the second actuator moves toward the second stop position.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing at least one switch comprises providing one switch that achieves the open state to create the high impedance when the first actuator moves toward the first stop position and/or when the second actuator moves toward the second stop position.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing at least ...

Medical device lead connection assembly

A method of forming a medical device lead connection element is described. The method includes positioning an end portion of a lead filar to overlap a lead end connection element such that the positioning creates mutual interference between the lead filar and the lead end connection element, and forming an interference configuration. Then melting the end portion of the lead filar to form a weld joint and allowint the end portion of the lead filar to move towards the end connection element.

SHIELDED IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD WITH GUARDED TERMINATION

Implantable medical leads include a shield that is guarded at a termination by having a first portion and a second portion of the shield, where the first portion is between a termination of the shield at the second portion and an inner insulation layer that surrounds the filars. The first portion may reduce the coupling of RF energy from the termination of the shield at the second portion to the filars. The first and second portions may be part of a continuous shield, where the first and second portions are separated by an inversion of the shield. The first and second portions may instead be separate pieces. The first portion may be noninverted and reside between the termination at the second portion and the inner layers, or the first portion may be inverted to create first and second sub-portions. The shield termination at the second portion is between the first and second sub-portions. 1. A method of shielding an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing an inner insulation layer surrounding at least one filar;providing a shield surrounding the inner insulation layer, the shield comprising a first portion comprising braided wires and a second portion comprising braided wires, wherein the first portion and the second portion are separate pieces, wherein the second portion provides a point of termination of the shield, wherein the first portion includes an inversion that separates the first portion into a first sub-portion and a second sub-portion, the first sub-portion being located between the second portion and the inner insulation layer and the second sub-portion being located on a side of the second portion opposite the first sub-portion such that the termination point of the second portion is between the first sub-portion and the second sub-portion;providing a first outer insulation layer that is electrically insulative and that is between the second sub-portion and the second portion with the second sub-portion being in direct contact with the ...

UNWRAPPED 2D VIEW OF A STIMULATION LEAD WITH COMPLEX ELECTRODE ARRAY GEOMETRY

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead. 1. A method comprising:presenting, at a display, an unwrapped two-dimensional (2D) array view of a representation of an implantable lead having a complex electrode array geometry, wherein the implantable lead comprises a plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments located at different angular positions about a circumference of the lead, and the unwrapped 2D array view depicts each of the electrode segments.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments comprises a first level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a first axial position along the length of the implantable lead and a second level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a second axial position along the length of the implantable lead claim 1 , and wherein the electrode segments of the first level are staggered at different angular positions from the electrode segments of the second level.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of non-contiguous electrode segments comprises a first level of non-contiguous electrode segments located at a first ...

RADIOPAQUE MARKERS FOR IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, DEVICES, AND SYSTEMS

Radiopaque markers represent that a lead is suitable for a particular medical procedure such as a magnetic resonance image scan and are added to the lead or related device. The markers may be added after implantation of the lead in various ways including suturing, gluing, crimping, or clamping a radiopaque tag to the lead or to the device. The markers may be added by placing a radiopaque coil about the lead, and the radiopaque coil may radially contract against the lead to obtain a fixed position. The markers may be added by placing a polymer structure onto the lead where the polymer structure includes a radiopaque marker within it. The polymer structure may include a cylindrical aperture that contracts against the lead to fix the position of the polymer structure. The polymer structure may form a lead anchor that includes suture wings that can be sutured to the lead. 1. An implantable medical system comprising:an implantable medical device comprising a case;a lead connected to the implantable medical device;a radiopaque marker; anda structure that affixes the radiopaque marker in a fixed position relative to the implantable medical device on an outside surface of the implantable medical device.2. The implantable medical system of claim 1 , wherein the lead includes a filar.3. The implantable medical system of claim 2 , wherein the lead comprises a shield.4. The implantable medical system of claim 3 , wherein the radiopaque marker indicates that the shield is present. The present application claims priority to and incorporates by reference the following, each as if rewritten herein in its entirety: U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,204 filed on Apr. 30, 2009; U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,216 filed on Apr. 30, 2009; U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,224 filed on Apr. 30, 2009; U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,234 filed on Apr. 30, 2009; U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,247 filed on Apr. 30, 2009; U.S. Provisional Application 61/174,254 filed on Apr. ...

MEDICAL DEVICE LEAD CONNECTION ASSEMBLY WITH GUIDE HUB

A medical device lead connection assembly includes an end connector element including a plurality of fixed connection element tabs extending from the end connector element to a tab distal end. A lead body includes a plurality of lead filars extending through the lead body and coupled to a corresponding fixed connection tab. A tubular guide hub extends from a hub proximal end to a hub distal end. The tubular guide hub includes a plurality of guide elements circumferentially disposed about an outer surface of the guide hub. The hub distal end is disposed within the lead body and the hub proximal end received within connection element tabs, and selected guide elements contact selected lead filars. 1. A medical device lead connection assembly comprising;an end connector element comprising a plurality of fixed connection element tabs extending from the end connector element to a tab distal end;a lead body comprising a plurality of lead filars extending through the lead body, each of the plurality of lead filars are coupled to a corresponding fixed connection tab;a tubular guide hub extending from a hub proximal end to a hub distal end, the tubular guide hub comprising a plurality of guide elements circumferentially disposed about an outer surface of the guide hub, the hub distal end disposed within the lead body and the hub proximal end received within the end connector element, and selected guide elements contact selected lead filars.2. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the end connector element comprises at least 8 fixed connection element tabs.3. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of lead filars forms a helical structure extending through the lead body and along the tubular guide hub.4. The article according to claim 1 , wherein the tubular guide hub comprises an alignment element arranged and configured to mate with the end connector element and align the plurality of filars with the plurality of fixed connection element tabs.5. The ...

MEDICAL DEVICE LEAD ASSEMBLY WITH VARIABLE PITCH COIL

A medical device lead assembly includes an end connector element having a plurality of fixed connection element tabs each respectively extending from the end connector element to a tab distal end, and a lead body having a plurality of lead filars extending through the lead body and forming a filar coil. Each of the plurality of lead filars is coupled to a corresponding fixed connection tab. Each of the plurality of lead filars have a diameter of less than 150 micrometers or less than 125 micrometers, or from 50 to 125 micrometers or from 50 to 100 micrometers. The filar coil having an outer diameter value being less than 1.5 mm and a first pitch within the lead body and a second pitch adjacent to the end connector element and the second pitch is greater than the first pitch. 1. A medical device lead assembly , comprising;an end connector element comprising a plurality of fixed connection element tabs each respectively extending from the end connector element to a tab distal end;a lead body comprising a plurality of lead filars extending through the lead body and forming a filar coil, each of the plurality of lead filars coupled to a corresponding fixed connection tab, each of the plurality of lead filars have a diameter of less than 150 micrometers;the filar coil having an outer diameter value being less than 1.5 mm and a first pitch within the lead body and a second pitch adjacent to the end connector element and the second pitch is greater than the first pitch.2. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the second pitch is at least 1.5 times greater than the first pitch.3. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the second pitch is at least 2 times greater than the first pitch.4. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein plurality of filars comprise at least 8 filars.5. The assembly according to claim 1 , wherein a longitudinal axis extends along a center of the filar coil and filars forming the first pitch form a first acute angle relative to the ...

DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO REDUCE COUPLING OF A SHIELD AND A CONDUCTOR WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

Conductors within an implantable medical lead that carry stimulation signal signals are at least partially embedded within a lead body of the medical lead over at least a portion of the length of the conductors while being surrounded by a radio frequency (RF) shield. A space between the shield and the conductors is filled by the presence of the lead body material such that body fluids that infiltrate the lead over time cannot pool in the space between the shield and the conductors. The dielectric properties of the lead body are retained and the capacitive coupling between the shield and the conductors continues to be inhibited such that current induced on the shield is inhibited from being channeled onto the conductors. Heating at the electrodes of the medical lead is prevented from becoming excessive. 1. A method of providing a medical lead , comprising:providing a conductor having a diameter;providing a radio frequency (RF) shield that surrounds the conductor such that a space exists between the shield and the conductor;providing a lead body with a lumen, the lead body encapsulating the shield and surrounding the conductor with a portion of the conductor diameter being embedded within the lead body and the lead body filling the space; andproviding an electrode attached to the lead body and electrically coupled to the conductor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductor is coiled.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the diameter of the conductor that is not embedded within the lead body is present within the lumen of the lead body.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein half of the diameter of the conductor is embedded within the lead body and half of the diameter of the conductor is present within the lumen.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the shield terminates prior to the location of the electrode and the portion of the diameter of the conductor is embedded within the lead body in an area of the lead body between the termination of the shield and ...

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways at a metal connector. The shield may be terminated by various joints including butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection to a single metal connector. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by passing between an overlapping pair of inner and outer metal connectors. The metal connectors may include features such as teeth or threads that penetrate the insulation layers of the lead. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by exiting a jacket of a lead adjacent to a metal connector and lapping onto the metal connector. 1. An implantable medical lead , comprising:an inner insulation layer;an inner metal ring located near a proximal end of the inner insulation layer;an outer insulation layer that surrounds the inner insulation layer;a braided shield between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, a portion of the braided shield lapping onto the metal ring; andan outer metal ring about the inner metal ring with the portion of the braided shield being positioned between the inner metal ring and the outer metal ring.2. The implantable medical lead of claim 1 , wherein the inner metal ring sits on an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.3. The implantable medical lead of claim 1 , wherein the inner metal ring is sunken into the inner insulation layer so that an outer surface of the metal ring is flush with an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.4. The implantable medical lead of claim 1 , wherein the outer insulation layer terminates adjacent to the outer metal ring such that the outer metal ring wraps directly onto the shield.5. The implantable medical lead of claim 1 , wherein the outer insulation layer covers the inner metal ring claim 1 , wherein the outer metal ring ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A neuromodulation therapy is delivered via at least one electrode implanted subcutaneously and superficially to a fascia layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. In one example, an implantable medical device is deployed along a superficial surface of a deep fascia tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to the nerve through the deep fascia tissue layer via implantable medical device electrodes. 121-. (canceled)22: A device for delivering a neuromodulation therapy , comprising: a housing;', 'at least one fixation member coupled to the housing, the at least one fixation member configured to engage the tissue layer and secure the implantable medical device at an implant site;', 'a plurality of electrodes; and', 'a pulse generating circuit enclosed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of electrodes, the pulse generating circuit configured to generate stimulation pulses for delivery as electrical stimulation therapy via the plurality of electrodes to the nerve through the tissue layer,', 'wherein at least one of the plurality of electrodes is located on an exterior surface of the housing configured to contact the tissue layer when the implantable medical device has been implanted at the implant site, and', 'wherein the at least one fixation member comprises a flexible material configured to allow the at least one fixation member to assume a first position when the implantable medical device is received in an implantation tool and to extend to a second position when expelled from the implantation tool to engage the tissue layer at the implant site., 'an implantable medical device configured to be implanted on a surface of a tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient, the implantable medical device comprising23: The device of claim 22 , wherein the at least one fixation member includes a plurality of tines.24: The device of claim 23 , wherein each of the plurality of tines includes a descending portion ...

DEPLOYABLE ELECTRODE ARRAY LEAD ASSEMBLY FOR IMPLANTABLE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

A lead assembly includes a central lead member having a distal portion configured to extend along a longitudinal axis. The lead assembly also includes two or more side lead members disposed around the central lead member. Each side lead member includes a deploying portion extending at an angle away from the longitudinal axis. Each deploying portion has a proximal portion and a distal portion. The distal portion is laterally spaced from the central lead member and extends more parallel to the longitudinal axis than the proximal portion. The lead assembly also includes one or more electrodes attached to the distal portion of the deploying portion of each side lead member. The lead assembly optionally includes a cannula comprising a lumen, an end portion, and a buckler disposed in the lumen on the end portion for deploying the lead members. 1. A lead assembly comprising:a central lead member comprising a distal portion configured to extend along a longitudinal axis;two or more side lead members disposed around the central lead member, each side lead member comprising a deploying portion extending at an angle away from the longitudinal axis, each deploying portion having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the distal portion being laterally spaced from the central lead member and extending more parallel to the longitudinal axis than the proximal portion; andone or more electrodes attached to the distal portion of the deploying portion of each side lead member.2. The lead assembly according to claim 1 , wherein each deploying portion of the side lead members extends along a constant-radius arc.3. The lead assembly according to claim 2 , wherein the constant-radius arc is convex.4. The lead assembly according to claim 1 , further comprising two or more electrodes attached to each deploying portion.5. The lead assembly according to claim 4 , wherein the electrodes form an electrode array having two or more longitudinally-spaced rows of electrodes.6. The lead assembly ...

Unwrapped 2d view of a stimulation lead with complex electrode array geometry

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead.

MEDICAL LEADS AND TECHNIQUES FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

In some examples, the disclosure relates to a medical device comprising a lead including an electrically conductive lead wire; and an electrode electrically coupled to the lead wire, the electrode including a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion defines an exposed outer surface of the electrode and is electrically coupled to the second portion along a first interface, wherein the second portion is electrically coupled to the lead wire along a second interface different from the first interface via welding to couple the lead wire to the electrode, wherein an electrical signal may be transferred between the lead wire and exposed outer surface of the first portion via the second portion, and wherein the first portion is formed from a first material having a first composition, and the second portion is formed from a second material having a second composition different from the first composition. 1. A medical device comprising:a lead including an electrically conductive lead wire; andan electrode electrically coupled to the lead wire, the electrode including a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion defines an exposed outer surface of the electrode and is bonded to the second portion along a first interface, wherein the second portion is electrically and mechanically coupled to the lead wire along a second interface different from the first interface via welding to couple the lead wire to the electrode, wherein an electrical signal may be transferred between the lead wire and exposed outer surface of the first portion via the second portion, andwherein the first portion is formed from a first material having a first composition, and the second portion is formed from a second material having a second composition different from the first composition.2. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the lead wire is formed of a third material having a third composition claim 1 , wherein the third composition is different from that of ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy includes a delivery tool for deploying an implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site. The implantable medical device includes a housing, an electronic circuit within the housing, and an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body. The delivery tool includes a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead. The first cavity and the second cavity are in direct communication for receiving and deploying the housing and the lead coupled to the housing concomitantly as a single unit. 1. A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy , comprising: a housing;', 'an electronic circuit within the housing;', 'an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body; and, 'an implantable medical device comprisinga delivery tool for deploying the implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site, the tool comprising a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead, the first cavity and the second cavity in direct communication for receiving the housing and the lead coupled to the housing as a single unit.217-. (canceled)18. A method for delivering an implantable medical device to a neuromodulation therapy site , comprising:positioning a implantable medical device housing coupled to an electrical lead in a delivery tool as a single unit; anddeploying the housing and the lead from the delivery tool concomitantly as a single unit to the therapy site,the housing enclosing an electronic circuit,the electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, SYSTEMS, AND RELATED METHODS FOR CREATING A HIGH IMPEDANCE WITHIN A CONDUCTION PATH IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD OF A GIVEN STRENGTH

Implantable medical systems include implantable medical leads that have magnetic orientation-independent magnetically actuated switches that are placed in the conduction path to the electrode of the lead. Thus, regardless of the orientation of a substantial magnetic field like that from an MRI machine to the lead and switch within the lead, the switch opens when in the presence of that substantial magnetic field. The switch may be placed in close proximity to the electrode such that the opening of the switch disconnects the electrode from the majority of the conduction path which thereby produces a high impedance for RF current and reduces the amount of heating that may occur at the electrode when in the presence of substantial levels of RF electromagnetic energy as may occur within an MRI machine. 1providing a first actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field attempts to move from a first start position to a first stop position and reaches the first stop position when a force acting on the first actuator due to the presence of the magnetic field is adequate to produce such movement, the first actuator being responsive to magnetic fields that are not oriented normal to a direction of movement of the first actuator;providing a second actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field attempts to move from a second start position to a second stop position and reaches the second stop position when a force acting on the second actuator due to the presence of the magnetic field is adequate to produce such movement, the second actuator being responsive to magnetic fields that are not oriented parallel to a direction of movement of the second actuator; andproviding at least one switch in series with the conduction path that resides in a closed state and achieves an open state to create the high impedance when the first actuator reaches the first stop position and/or when the second actuator reaches the second stop position.. A method of creating a high ...

UNWRAPPED 2D VIEW OF A STIMULATION LEAD WITH COMPLEX ELECTRODE ARRAY GEOMETRY

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead. 120-. (canceled)21. A lead comprising:a cylindrical lead housing defining a longitudinal axis and a circumference of the lead;a first circumferential stimulation electrode disposed at a first axial position along the longitudinal axis of the lead, the first circumferential stimulation electrode encircling the circumference of the lead;a first plurality of stimulation electrode segments disposed at a second axial position and disposed at first respective positions around the circumference of the lead, wherein the first plurality of stimulation electrode segments consists of three electrode segments at the second axial position, and wherein the second axial position is distal from the first axial position; anda second plurality of stimulation electrode segments disposed at a third axial position and disposed at second respective positions around the circumference of the lead, wherein the second plurality of stimulation electrode segments consists of three electrode segments at the third axial position, wherein the third axial position is distal from the second axial position, ...

MEDICAL LEADS AND TECHNIQUES FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

In some examples, the disclosure relates to a medical device comprising a lead including an electrically conductive lead wire; and an electrode electrically coupled to the lead wire, the electrode including a substrate and a coating on an outer surface of the substrate, wherein the lead wire is formed of a composition comprising titanium or titanium alloys, wherein the substrate is formed of a composition comprising one or more of titanium, tantalum, niobium, and alloys thereof, wherein the coating comprises at least one of Pt, TiN, IrOx, and poly(dioctyl-bithiophene) (PDOT). In some examples, the lead wire may be coupled to the lead wire via a weld, such as, e.g., a laser weld. 1. A medical device comprising:a lead including an electrically conductive lead wire; andan electrode electrically coupled to the lead wire, the electrode including a substrate and a coating on an outer surface of the substrate, wherein the lead wire is formed of a composition comprising titanium or titanium alloys, wherein the substrate is formed of a composition comprising one or more of titanium, tantalum, niobium, and alloys thereof, wherein the coating comprises at least one of Pt, TiN, IrOx, and poly(dioctyl-bithiophene) (PDOT).2. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the lead wire and substrate are formed of different compositions.3. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the coating defines a thickness of between approximately 0.5 micrometers and approximately 15 micrometers.4. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the titanium alloy comprises titanium and molybdenum.5. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the coating is deposited on the outer surface of the substrate via sputter depositing to increase the effective surface area of the outer surface of the substrate.6. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is one of a ring electrode or segmented electrode.7. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the electrode exhibits a charge storage capacity of greater ...

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways at a metal connector. The shield may be terminated by various joints including butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection to a single metal connector. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by passing between an overlapping pair of inner and outer metal connectors. The metal connectors may include features such as teeth or threads that penetrate the insulation layers of the lead. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by exiting a jacket of a lead adjacent to a metal connector and lapping onto the metal connector. 1. (canceled)2. The method of claim 4 , wherein the inner metal ring sits on an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.3. The method of claim 4 , wherein the inner metal ring is sunken into the inner insulation layer so that an outer surface of the metal ring is flush with an outer surface of the inner insulation layer.4. A method of terminating a shield within a jacket of an implantable medical lead claim 4 , comprising:providing an inner insulation layer;providing an inner metal ring located near an end of the inner insulation layer;providing the shield between the inner insulation layer of the jacket and an outer insulation layer of the jacket, a portion of the shield lapping onto the inner metal ring;providing an outer metal ring about the inner metal ring with the portion of the shield being positioned between the inner metal ring and the outer metal ring;bonding an insulation extension layer onto the end of the inner insulation layer; andpositioning a replacement outer insulation layer over the shield and inner insulation layer beyond the inner metal ring and where the outer insulation layer is not present, the replacement outer insulation layer extending beyond the end of ...

Grounding of a shield within an implantable medical lead

Implantable medical leads include a shield that is guarded at a termination by having a first portion and a second portion of the shield, where the first portion is between a termination of the shield at the second portion and an inner insulation layer that surrounds the filars. The first portion may reduce the coupling of RF energy from the termination of the shield at the second portion to the filars. The first and second portions may be part of a continuous shield, where the first and second portions are separated by an inversion of the shield. The first and second portions may instead be separate pieces. The first portion may be noninverted and reside between the termination at the second portion and the inner layers, or the first portion may be inverted to create first and second sub-portions. The shield termination at the second portion is between the first and second sub-portions.

TERMINATION OF A SHIELD WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways. The shield may be terminated by butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. For lap joints, a portion of an outer insulation layer may be removed and a replacement outer insulation layer is positioned in place of the removed outer insulation layer, where the replacement layer extends beyond an inner insulation layer and the shield. The replacement layer may also lap onto a portion of the insulation extension. Barbs may be located between the replacement layer and the inner insulation layer or the insulation extension. The shield wires have ends at the termination point that may be folded over individually or may be capped with a ring located within one of the insulation layers of the jacket. 1. A method of terminating an electrically conductive shield within an outermost jacket of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing the electrically conductive shield between an inner insulation layer of the outermost jacket and an outermost insulation layer of the jacket, the outermost insulation layer being in direct contact with the electrically conductive shield, the electrically conductive shield terminating by a blunt end of the outermost insulation layer, the outermost insulation layer being outermost at the blunt end and being outermost where in direct contact with the electrically conductive shield; andbonding an insulation extension directly onto the blunt end of the outermost insulation layer, wherein the shield comprises a plurality of wires, each wire of the plurality having an end at the shield termination, the method further comprising folding over the end of each wire of the plurality individually.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inner insulation layer claim 1 , shield claim 1 , and outermost insulation layer form a wedged end claim 1 , wherein the insulation extension forms a wedged end claim 1 , ...

USER INTERFACE WITH 3D ENVIRONMENT FOR CONFIGURING STIMULATION THERAPY

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient. 1. A method comprising:representing a three-dimensional (3D) anatomical region of a patient in a 3D environment;representing a 3D stimulation field within the 3D anatomical region;receiving stimulation field input from a user defining the 3D stimulation field in the 3D environment; andgenerating electrical stimulation parameters in a programming device based upon the 3D stimulation field and a location of at least one electrode within patient.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrical stimulation parameters define an electrode combination from a complex electrode array geometry.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:representing an electrical stimulation lead as a lead icon in the 3D environment; andpositioning the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical region of the patient in the 3D environment based on a physical location of the electrical stimulation lead in the patient.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein positioning the lead icon comprises receiving directional user input specifying placement of the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical region of the patient.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein positioning the lead icon comprises:receiving information regarding the physical location of the electrical stimulation lead in the patient; andautomatically positioning the lead icon relative to the 3D anatomical ...

USER INTERFACE WITH 3D ENVIRONMENT FOR CONFIGURING STIMULATION THERAPY

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient. 120-. (canceled)21. A method comprising:controlling, by processing circuitry, a display to present a user interface associated with delivery of electrical stimulation;receiving, via the user interface, user input selecting one or more anatomical regions for which electrical stimulation should be avoided; andstoring, in a memory, instructions that prevent selection of one or more stimulation parameter values that define electrical stimulation deliverable to the one or more anatomical regions.22. The method of claim 21 , wherein a first anatomical region comprises the one or more anatomical regions claim 21 , and wherein the method further comprises delivering the electrical stimulation to a second anatomical region different from the first anatomical region.23. The method of claim 21 , further comprising preventing claim 21 , via the instructions claim 21 , a patient from selecting the one or more stimulation values that define electrical stimulation deliverable to the one or more anatomical regions.24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the one or more stimulation parameter values defines one or more electrode combinations that are not selectable.25. The method of claim 21 , wherein the one or more stimulation parameter values defines one or more stimulation amplitudes that are not selectable.26. The method of claim 21 , wherein a ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS, SYSTEMS, AND RELATED METHODS FOR CREATING A HIGH IMPEDANCE WITHIN A CONDUCTION PATH IN THE PRESENCE OF A MAGNETIC FIELD OF A GIVEN STRENGTH

Implantable medical systems include implantable medical leads that have magnetic orientation-independent magnetically actuated switches that are placed in the conduction path to the electrode of the lead. Thus, regardless of the orientation of a substantial magnetic field like that from an MRI machine to the lead and switch within the lead, the switch opens when in the presence of that substantial magnetic field. The switch may be placed in close proximity to the electrode such that the opening of the switch disconnects the electrode from the majority of the conduction path which thereby produces a high impedance for RF current and reduces the amount of heating that may occur at the electrode when in the presence of substantial levels of RF electromagnetic energy as may occur within an MRI machine. 1. A method of creating a high impedance within a conduction path of an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing a first actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field attempts to move from a first start position to a first stop position and reaches the first stop position when a force acting on the first actuator due to the presence of the magnetic field is adequate to produce such movement, the first actuator being responsive to magnetic fields that are not oriented normal to a direction of movement of the first actuator;providing a second actuator that when in the presence of a magnetic field attempts to move from a second start position to a second stop position and reaches the second stop position when a force acting on the second actuator due to the presence of the magnetic field is adequate to produce such movement, the second actuator being responsive to magnetic fields that are not oriented parallel to a direction of movement of the second actuator; andproviding at least one switch in series with the conduction path that resides in a closed state and achieves an open state to create the high impedance when the first actuator reaches the first stop ...

DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO REDUCE COUPLING OF A SHIELD AND A CONDUCTOR WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

Conductors within an implantable medical lead that carry stimulation signal signals are at least partially embedded within a lead body of the medical lead over at least a portion of the length of the conductors while being surrounded by a radio frequency (RF) shield. A space between the shield and the conductors is filled by the presence of the lead body material such that body fluids that infiltrate the lead over time cannot pool in the space between the shield and the conductors. The dielectric properties of the lead body are retained and the capacitive coupling between the shield and the conductors continues to be inhibited such that current induced on the shield is inhibited from being channeled onto the conductors. Heating at the electrodes of the medical lead is prevented from becoming excessive. 1. A method of providing a medical lead , comprising:providing a conductor having a diameter;providing a radio frequency (RF) shield that surrounds the conductor such that a space exists between the shield and the conductor;providing a lead body with a lumen, the lead body encapsulating the shield and surrounding the conductor with a first longitudinal section of the conductor diameter being at least partially embedded within the lead body such that the conductor is at least partially sunken into a lumen wall forming the lumen and with a second longitudinal section of the conductor diameter that is distal of the first longitudinal section and being less embedded by the lead body than the first section, and the lead body filling the space between the first section of the conductor and the shield; andan electrode attached to the lead body and electrically coupled to the conductor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductor is coiled.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the shield comprises wires.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein half of the diameter of the first longitudinal section of the conductor is embedded within the lead body and half of the diameter of the ...

Unwrapped 2d view of a stimulation lead with complex electrode array geometry

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead.

ELECTRODE STRUCTURE FOR IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEADS

An implantable segmented electrode structure may be configured to conduct electrical signals between elongated conductors of an implantable medical lead and respective portions of tissue of a patient. The implantable medical lead may extend from an implantable medical device that is implanted within the patient. The segmented electrode structure includes a plurality of separate electrode surfaces. The electrode surfaces are at a plurality of different axial positions and angular positions within the implantable segmented electrode structure. The segmented electrode structure additionally includes a plurality of prongs. The prongs extend axially from a proximal end of the segmented electrode structure through the segmented electrode structure. Each prong may electrically connect to one of the electrode surfaces. The prongs may terminate distally at respective electrode surfaces. Each prong may be configured to electrically connect to one of the elongated conductors. 1: An implantable segmented electrode structure configured to conduct electrical signals between a plurality of elongated conductors of an implantable medical lead and tissue of a patient , the implantable segmented electrode structure comprising:a plurality of separate electrode surfaces at a plurality of different axial positions and a plurality of different angular positions; anda plurality of prongs, wherein each prong of the plurality of prongs is electrically connected to a respective one of the plurality of electrode surfaces and configured to electrically connect to a respective one of the plurality of elongated conductors, wherein each prong of the plurality of prongs extends axially through the segmented electrode structure and to a proximal end of the segmented electrode structure.2: The implantable segmented electrode structure of claim 1 , wherein each prong of the plurality of prongs distally terminates at the respective electrode surface.3: The implantable segmented electrode structure of ...

STEERING AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD VIA A ROTATIONAL COUPLING TO A STYLET

An implantable medical lead has a torsional stiffness and is rotationally coupled to a stylet. Applying rotation directly to the lead in turn causes rotation of the stylet. Where the stylet has a bent tip for purposes of steering the lead, the rotation applied to the lead rotates the bent tip so that the lead can be steered by rotating the lead rather than rotating a hub of the stylet. The rotational coupling may be achieved through one or more features provided for the lead and/or the stylet, such as a feature within a lumen of the lead that mates to a feature along the stylet or a feature of the stylet hub that engages the proximal end of the lead. The torsional stillness of the lead may be provided by adding a feature within the lead body, such as a braided metal wire or an overlapping foil. 1. A method of guiding an implantable medical lead , comprising:providing the implantable medical lead with an elongated insulative body providing a length of the lead and with a torsional stiffness over the length of the implantable medical lead, the torsional stiffness being sufficient to impart rotation over the length of the lead when rotation is applied at a point along the length that includes the torsional stiffness; andupon insertion of a stylet with a distal guide bend into a lumen defined by the elongated insulative body of the implantable medical lead, providing a plurality of rotational couplings of the stylet to coupling features within the lumen that are defined by the elongated insulative body of the implantable medical lead such that imparting rotation directly to the implantable medical lead at the point along the length imparts rotation to the stylet to direct the distal guide bend.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coupling feature within the lumen comprises at least one of a hexagonal passage claim 1 , a star passage claim 1 , and a square passage.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coupling feature on the stylet comprises at least one of a ...

UNWRAPPED 2D VIEW OF A STIMULATION LEAD WITH COMPLEX ELECTRODE ARRAY GEOMETRY

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead. 120-. (canceled)21. An external programmer for a medical device , the programmer comprising:a display; present, via the display, a representation of a plurality of non-contiguous electrodes of an implantable lead, the plurality of non-contiguous electrodes located at different angular positions about a circumference of the implantable lead; and', 'present, via the display, an orientation marker with respect to the representation of the plurality of non-contiguous electrodes, the orientation marker indicative of a circumferential orientation of the plurality of non-contiguous electrodes of the implantable lead; and, 'one or more processors configured toa user interface configured to receive user input selecting a value of one or more stimulation parameters that at least partially define electrical stimulation deliverable via one or more electrodes of the plurality of non-contiguous electrodes.22. The programmer of claim 21 , wherein the one or more processors are configured to present claim 21 , via the display claim 21 , a representation of the implantable lead comprising ...

Seals for lead bores of implantable medical devices

Seals used within lead bores of implantable medical devices for creating a seal to implantable medical leads inserted into the lead bores include an inner cylinder that engages the lead body. The inner cylinder is surrounded by a gap to either an outer cylinder of the seal or to surrounding structures of the implantable medical device. The inner cylinder has freedom of movement within the gap such that movement of the lead body that is off-axis relative to a centerline of the lead bore causes movement of the inner cylinder that is providing the seal. In this manner, the seal engagement to the lead body is maintained during this off-axis movement of the lead body.

UNWRAPPED 2D VIEW OF A STIMULATION LEAD WITH COMPLEX ELECTRODE ARRAY GEOMETRY

The disclosure is directed to programming implantable stimulators to deliver stimulation energy via one or more implantable leads having complex electrode array geometries. The disclosure also contemplates guided programming to select electrode combinations and parameter values to support efficacy. The techniques may be applied to a programming interface associated with a clinician programmer, a patient programmer, or both. A user interface permits a user to view electrodes from different perspectives relative to the lead. For example, the user interface provides a side view of a lead and a cross-sectional view of the lead. The user interface may include an axial control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different axial positions along the length of a lead, and a rotational control medium to select and/or view electrodes at different angular positions around a circumference of the lead. 120-. (canceled)21. A lead comprising:a lead housing defining a longitudinal axis and a circumference;a ring electrode disposed at a first axial position along the longitudinal axis of the lead housing;a first electrode disposed at a second axial position along the longitudinal axis of the lead housing and a first angular position around the circumference, the second axial position being different than the first axial position;a second electrode disposed at the second axial position and a second angular position around the circumference; anda third electrode disposed at the second axial position and a third angular position around the circumference, each of the first, second, and third angular positions being different angular positions.22. The lead of claim 21 , wherein the ring electrode is a first ring electrode claim 21 , and wherein the lead further comprises a second ring electrode disposed at a third axial position along the longitudinal axis of the lead housing different than the first axial position and the second axial position.23. The lead of claim 22 , wherein ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A neuromodulation therapy is delivered via at least one electrode implanted subcutaneously and superficially to a fascia layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. In one example, an implantable medical device is deployed along a superficial surface of a deep fascia tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to the nerve through the deep fascia tissue layer via implantable medical device electrodes. 120-. (canceled)21. A minimally invasive implantable tibial nerve stimulation device , comprising:an enclosure constructed of at least one of a biocompatible titanium or stainless steel,the enclosure formed as a single tube having a circular cross-section with an overall length of less than about thirty millimeters and a total volume of less than about one cubic centimeter to enable minimally invasive implantation of the enclosure within a body of a patient;a power supply; a pulse generating circuit;', 'a control unit; and', 'memory, the memory including memory-readable instructions that when executed by the control unit cause the pulse generating circuit of the minimally invasive implantable tibial nerve stimulation device to deliver a nerve stimulation therapy to the tibial nerve of the patient,, 'device electronics within the enclosure includingwherein operation of the minimally invasive implantable tibial nerve stimulation device is selectively adjustable via an external magnetic field; and the telemetry module configured to enable communication with at least one external programming device,', 'wherein communication with the device electronics is confirmable; and, 'a telemetry module within the enclosure,'}an insulative outer coating at least partially surrounding the hermetically sealed enclosure and configured to protect the enclosure and to reduce patient discomfort; and a proximal end configured to be connected to an electrically insulated, sealed header located on one end of the enclosure, and', 'a distal end ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A neuromodulation therapy is delivered via at least one electrode implanted subcutaneously and superficially to a fascia layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. In one example, an implantable medical device is deployed along a superficial surface of a deep fascia tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to the nerve through the deep fascia tissue layer via implantable medical device electrodes. 120-. (canceled)21. A low profile implantable medical device configured to lay generally flat beneath skin , muscle or other tissue of a patient for delivering neurostimulation therapy to an acupuncture point for treatment of a symptom associated with the acupuncture point , the implantable medical device comprising:a sealed housing formed of a biocompatible metal, the biocompatible metal comprising at least one of a titanium, stainless steel or an alloy thereof,the sealed housing including:a top face;a bottom face; anda continuous sidewall;wherein each of the top face and the bottom face has a linear dimension of less than approximately twenty-seven millimeters in length,wherein the top face and the bottom face are circumscribed by the continuous sidewall defining an internal cavity,wherein the continuous sidewall extends substantially perpendicular to the top face and is rounded to provide a smooth continuous surface without sharp corners or edges, andwherein the sealed housing generally has a flat profile for positioning between tissue layers of a patient;electronic circuitry positioned within the internal cavity of the sealed housing, the electronic circuitry comprising:a pulse generator,a memory, anda controller configured to cause the pulse generator to deliver a therapy output according to a specified stimulation regimen stored in the memory;two or more electrodes electrically coupled to the pulse generator and located on an exterior surface of the sealed housing, the two or more electrodes comprising:a cathode ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy includes a delivery tool for deploying an implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site. The implantable medical device includes a housing, an electronic circuit within the housing, and an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body. The delivery tool includes a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead. The first cavity and the second cavity are in direct communication for receiving and deploying the housing and the lead coupled to the housing concomitantly as a single unit. 117-. (canceled)18. A system for providing a tibial nerve stimulation therapy to a patient , the system comprising: a first end;', 'a second end;', circuitry for creating an electrical pulse suitable for stimulating a nerve;', 'a control unit;', 'a telemetry module; and', 'an antenna associated with the telemetry module, the antenna and telemetry module configured to enable communication with at least one external device,', 'wherein the electronic circuitry is located at the first end of the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device; and, 'electronic circuitry for controlling operation of the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device, the electronic circuitry including, 'a plurality of electrodes located at the second end of the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device, the plurality of electrodes in communication with the circuitry for creating an electrical pulse and configured for delivering the tibial nerve stimulation therapy to the patient,', 'wherein the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device is configured to be implanted in a region of a medial malleolus of the patient, and', 'wherein the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device is configured to deliver the tibial nerve stimulation therapy to a tibial ...

DEVICES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS TO REDUCE COUPLING OF A CONDUCTOR WITHIN AN IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL LEAD

Conductors within an implantable medical lead that carry stimulation signal signals are at least partially embedded within a lead body of the medical lead over at least a portion of the length of the conductors while being surrounded by a radio frequency (RF) shield. A space between the shield and the conductors is filled by the presence of the lead body material such that body fluids that infiltrate the lead over time cannot pool in the space between the shield and the conductors. The dielectric properties of the lead body are retained and the capacitive coupling between the shield and the conductors continues to be inhibited such that current induced on the shield is inhibited from being channeled onto the conductors. Heating at the electrodes of the medical lead is prevented from becoming excessive. 1. A method of providing a medical lead ,comprising: providing a conductor having adiameter;providing a lead body with a lumen, the lead body surrounding the conductor with a portion of the conductor diameter being embedded within the lead body such that a first portion of the conductor diameter is present within the lumen and a second portion of the conductor diameter is sunken into a lumen wall forming the lumen; andproviding an electrode attached to the lead body and electrically coupled to the conductor.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing a radio frequency (RF) shield that surrounds the conductor such that a space exists between the shield and the conductor claim 1 , wherein the lead body encapsulates the shield and the lead body fills the space.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the shield comprises wires.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the shield terminates prior to the location of the electrode and the portion of the diameter of the conductor is embedded within the lead body in an area of the lead body between the termination of the shield and the electrode.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conductor is coiled.6. The method of claim ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A neuromodulation therapy is delivered via at least one electrode implanted subcutaneously and superficially to a fascia layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. In one example, an implantable medical device is deployed along a superficial surface of a deep fascia tissue layer superficial to a nerve of a patient. Electrical stimulation energy is delivered to the nerve through the deep fascia tissue layer via implantable medical device electrodes. 120-. (canceled)21. A low profile implantable medical device configured to lay generally flat beneath skin , muscle or other tissue of a patient for delivering neurostimulation therapy to an acupuncture point for treatment of a symptom associated with the acupuncture point , the implantable medical device comprising: a top face;', 'a bottom face; and', 'a continuous sidewall;, 'a hermetically sealed housing formed of a biocompatible metal, the biocompatible metal comprising at least one of a titanium, stainless steel or an alloy thereof, the hermetically sealed housing includingwherein each of the top face and the bottom face has a linear dimension of less than approximately twenty-seven millimeters in length,wherein the top face and the bottom face are circumscribed by the continuous sidewall defining an internal cavity,wherein the continuous sidewall extends substantially perpendicular to the top face and is rounded to provide a smooth continuous surface without sharp corners or edges, andwherein the hermetically sealed housing generally has a flat profile for positioning between tissue layers of a patient;electronic circuitry positioned within the internal cavity of the hermetically sealed housing, electronic circuitry comprising:a pulse generator,a memory, anda controller configured to cause the pulse generator to deliver a therapy output according to a specified stimulation regimen stored in the memory; the stimulating cathode comprising: an insulator; and an electrically conductive electrode extending through the ...

MINIMALLY INVASIVE IMPLANTABLE NEUROSTIMULATION SYSTEM

A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy includes a delivery tool for deploying an implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site. The implantable medical device includes a housing, an electronic circuit within the housing, and an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body. The delivery tool includes a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead. The first cavity and the second cavity are in direct communication for receiving and deploying the housing and the lead coupled to the housing concomitantly as a single unit. 117-. (canceled)18. A system for providing a tibial nerve stimulation therapy to a patient , the system comprising: a first end;', 'a second end;', a control unit;', 'circuitry for creating an electrical pulse suitable for stimulating a nerve as part of the tibial nerve stimulation therapy;', 'a power receiving element;', 'a power regulator coupled to the power receiving element; and, 'electronic circuitry for controlling operation of the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device, the electronic circuitry including, 'a plurality of electrodes coupled to the circuitry for creating an electrical pulse, and configured for delivering the tibial nerve stimulation therapy to the patient,, 'an implantable tibial nerve stimulation device for treatment of one or more symptoms associated with an overactive bladder, the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device comprisingwherein the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device is configured to be implanted in a region of a medial malleolus of the patient, andwherein the implantable tibial nerve stimulation device is further configured to deliver the tibial nerve stimulation therapy to a tibial nerve of the patient; and a power supply;', 'a controller;', 'a power transfer control module ...

DEPLOYABLE ELECTRODE ARRAY LEAD ASSEMBLY FOR IMPLANTABLE ELECTRICAL STIMULATION

A lead assembly includes a central lead member having a distal portion configured to extend along a longitudinal axis. The lead assembly also includes two or more side lead members disposed around the central lead member. Each side lead member includes a deploying portion extending at an angle away from the longitudinal axis. Each deploying portion has a proximal portion and a distal portion. The distal portion is laterally spaced from the central lead member and extends more parallel to the longitudinal axis than the proximal portion. The lead assembly also includes one or more electrodes attached to the distal portion of the deploying portion of each side lead member. The lead assembly optionally includes a cannula comprising a lumen, an end portion, and a buckler disposed in the lumen on the end portion for deploying the lead members. 1. A lead assembly comprising:a cannula comprising a lumen, an end portion, and a buckler disposed in the lumen on the end portion;a central lead member disposed within the lumen of the cannula;two or more side lead members comprising a deploying portion having a proximal portion and a distal portion, the deploying portion being disposed about the central lead member within the lumen of the cannula and laterally constrained by the cannula, the distal portion of the deploying portion extending non-linearly when deployed out of the cannula; andtwo or more electrodes attached to each of the side lead members.2. The lead assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the buckler defines an exit angle away from the central lead member for each side lead member.3. The lead assembly according to claim 2 , wherein the buckler comprises a protrusion associated with each side lead member extending laterally into the lumen.4. The lead assembly according to claim 3 , wherein the protrusion comprises an exit surface defining the exit angle for the associated side lead member.5. The lead assembly according to claim 1 , wherein the two or more side lead ...

Miniature pump for drug delivery

A miniature drug delivery pump utilizes a shape memory Ni-Ti alloy. A flow restrictor is provided and the pump is refillable.

Miniature pump for drug delivery

A miniature drug delivery pump utilizes a shape memory Ni-Ti alloy. A flow restrictor is provided and the pump is refillable.

Miniature pump for drug delivery

A miniature drug delivery pump utilizes a shape memory Ni—Ti alloy. A flow restrictor is provided and the pump is refillable.

Miniature pump for drug delivery

Miniature pump for drug delivery

A miniature drug delivery pump utilizes a shape memory Ni-Ti alloy. A flow restrictor is provided and the pump is refillable.

Infusion device for drug delivery

A miniature drug delivery pump utilizes a shape memory Ni-Ti alloy. A flow restrictor is provided and the pump is refillable.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING A MEDICAL LINE

Devices, systems and methods to reduce coupling of a shield and a conductor within an implantable medical lead

Conductors within an implantable medical lead that carry stimulation signal signals are at least partially embedded within a lead body of the medical lead over at least a portion of the length of the conductors while being surrounded by a radio frequency (RF) shield. A space between the shield and the conductors is filled by the presence of the lead body material such that body fluids that infiltrate the lead over time cannot pool in the space between the shield and the conductors. The dielectric properties of the lead body are retained and the capacitive coupling between the shield and the conductors continues to be inhibited such that current induced on the shield is inhibited from being channeled onto the conductors. Heating at the electrodes of the medical lead is prevented from becoming excessive.

Implantable medical lead with multiple electrode configurations

Medical leads and techniques for manufacturing the same

In some examples, the disclosure relates to a medical device comprising a lead including an electrically conductive lead wire; and an electrode electrically coupled to the lead wire, the electrode including a substrate and a coating on an outer surface of the substrate, wherein the lead wire is formed of a composition comprising titanium or titanium alloys, wherein the substrate is formed of a composition comprising one or more of titanium, tantalum, niobium, and alloys thereof, wherein the coating comprises at least one of Pt, TiN, IrOx, and poly(dioctyl-bithiophene) (PDOT). In some examples, the lead wire may be coupled to the lead wire via a weld, such as, e.g., a laser weld.

Stimulation templates for configuring stimulation therapy

The disclosure describes a method and system that generates stimulation parameters by selecting one or more stimulation parameters according to a stimulation field defined by a user. The system includes a memory that stores a plurality of stimulation templates for multiple electrode configurations of an electrical lead. A processor selects one or more volumetric stimulation templates that best match, e.g., fill, the three-dimensional stimulation field defined by the clinician. Each stimulation template is associated with a set of stimulation parameters that can be used to deliver stimulation therapy to a patient.

Therapy program selection based on patient state

A therapy program is selected based on a patient state, where the patient state comprises at least one of a movement state, sleep state or speech state. In this way, therapy delivery is tailored to the patient state, which may include specific patient symptoms. The therapy program is selected from a plurality of stored therapy programs that comprise therapy programs associated with a respective one at least two of the movement, sleep, and speech states. Techniques for determining a patient state include receiving volitional patient input or detecting biosignals generated within the patient's brain. The biosignals are nonsymptomatic and may be incidental to the movement, sleep, and speech states or generated in response to volitional patient input.

Implantable medical lead with multiple electrode configurations

Medical leads having at least one segmented row of electrodes, as well as at least one ring electrode that extends substantially completely around the periphery of the lead, are described. The electrodes in a segmented row extend around only a portion of the periphery of the lead, rather than substantially around the entire periphery. The electrodes in a segmented row may be distributed at respective locations around the periphery of the lead and separated by insulating material. The ring electrodes and segmented rows are located at respective axial positions. For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of segmented rows, such as two rows having three electrodes each, are located between two ring electrodes. Such a lead may, for example, provide a variety of stimulation modalities because of localized stimulation capabilities.

Deployable electrode array lead assembly for implantable electrical stimulation

A lead assembly includes a central lead member having a distal portion configured to extend along a longitudinal axis. The lead assembly also includes two or more side lead members disposed around the central lead member. Each side lead member includes a deploying portion extending at an angle away from the longitudinal axis. Each deploying portion has a proximal portion and a distal portion. The distal portion is laterally spaced from the central lead member and extends more parallel to the longitudinal axis than the proximal portion. The lead assembly also includes one or more electrodes attached to the distal portion of the deploying portion of each side lead member. The lead assembly optionally includes a cannula comprising a lumen, an end portion, and a buckler disposed in the lumen on the end portion for deploying the lead members.

Medical lead with segmented electrode

A method of manufacturing a segmented electrode assembly. An electrically conducting tube is coupled to an electrically insulating material. The tube is generally cylindrical and hollow and defines one or more gaps at a first axial position. The tube also includes one or more bridges located at a second axial position. The method includes removing at least a portion of the bridge resulting in a segmented electrode assembly having at least one segment. A number embodiments of making a tube are also provided. In another embodiment a method of manufacturing a medical lead using a segmented electrode assembly is provided.

Implantable medical electrical lead and connector assembly

An implantable system that includes a lead and an implantable signal generator wherein the plurality of electrical contacts and the plurality of insulating regions on the lead, and the plurality of electrical connectors and the plurality of electrical insulators in the connector block are configured so that each of the plurality of electrical contacts form operable connections to the electronic circuitry. Leads, and methods are also disclosed, wherein the lead is determined to be MRI safe if it is determined that each of the plurality of electrical contacts is properly electrically connected to one of the plurality of electrical connectors. The size or length of the contacts and/or isolators can be different one from the others.

Grounding of a shield within an implantable medical lead

Grounding of a shield that is located in an implantable medical lead may be done in many ways. The ground pathway may couple to the shield at a point that is outside of a header of an implantable medical device to which the implantable medical lead is attached. The ground pathway may couple to the shield at a point that is within the header of the implantable medical device. The ground pathway may terminate at the metal can of the implantable medical device. As another option, the ground pathway may terminate at a ground plate that is mounted to the header. The ground pathway may be direct current coupled from the shield to the can or ground plate. Alternatively, the ground pathway may include one or more capacitive couplings that provide a pathway for induced radio frequency current.

Peripheral nerve field stimulation and spinal cord stimulation

Delivery of peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNFS) in combination with one or more other therapies is described. The other therapy delivered in combination with PNFS may be, for example, a different type of neurostimulation, such as spinal cord stimulation (SCS), or a drug. PNFS and the other therapy may be delivered simultaneously, in an alternating fashion, according to a schedule, and/or selectively, e.g., in response to a request received from a patient or clinician. A combination therapy that includes PNFS may be able to more completely address complex or multifocal pain than would be possible through delivery of either PNFS or other therapies alone. Further, the combination of PNFS with one or more other therapies may reduce the likelihood that neural accommodation will impair the perceived effectiveness PNFS or the other therapies.

Termination of a shield within an implantable medical lead

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways at a metal connector. The shield may be terminated by various joints including butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection to a single metal connector. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by passing between an overlapping pair of inner and outer metal connectors. The metal connectors may include features such as teeth or threads that penetrate the insulation layers of the lead. The shield may terminate with a physical and electrical connection by exiting a jacket of a lead adjacent to a metal connector and lapping onto the metal connector.

A shielded implantable medical lead with guarded termination

Termination of a shield within an implantable medical lead

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways. The shield may be terminated by butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. For lap joints, a portion of an outer insulation layer may be removed and a replacement outer insulation layer is positioned in place of the removed outer insulation layer, where the replacement layer extends beyond an inner insulation layer and the shield. The replacement layer may also lap onto a portion of the insulation extension. Barbs may be located between the replacement layer and the inner insulation layer or the insulation extension. The shield wires have ends at the termination point that may be folded over individually or may be capped with a ring located within one of the insulation layers of the jacket.

Method of manufacturing a medical lead

A method of manufacturing a segmented electrode assembly. An electrically conducting tube is coupled to an electrically insulating material. The tube is generally cylindrical and hollow and defines one or more gaps at a first axial position. The tube also includes one or more bridges located at a second axial position. The method includes removing at least a portion of the bridge resulting in a segmented electrode assembly having at least one segment. A number embodiments of making a tube are also provided. In another embodiment a method of manufacturing a medical lead using a segmented electrode assembly is provided.

Medical device lead assembly with variable pitch coil

A medical device lead assembly includes an end connector element having a plurality of fixed connection element tabs each respectively extending from the end connector element to a tab distal end, and a lead body having a plurality of lead filars extending through the lead body and forming a filar coil. Each of the plurality of lead filars is coupled to a corresponding fixed connection tab. Each of the plurality of lead filars have a diameter of less than 150 micrometers or less than 125 micrometers, or from 50 to 125 micrometers or from 50 to 100 micrometers. The filar coil having an outer diameter value being less than 1.5 mm and a first pitch within the lead body and a second pitch adjacent to the end connector element and the second pitch is greater than the first pitch.

Termination of a shield within an implantable medical lead

A shield located within an implantable medical lead may be terminated in various ways. The shield may be terminated by butt, scarf, lap, or other joints between insulation layers surrounding the lead and an insulation extension. For lap joints, a portion of an outer insulation layer may be removed and a replacement outer insulation layer is positioned in place of the removed outer insulation layer, where the replacement layer extends beyond an inner insulation layer and the shield. The replacement layer may also lap onto a portion of the insulation extension. Barbs may be located between the replacement layer and the inner insulation layer or the insulation extension. The shield wires have ends at the termination point that may be folded over individually or may be capped with a ring located within one of the insulation layers of the jacket.

Electrode structure for implantable medical leads

An implantable segmented electrode structure may be configured to conduct electrical signals between elongated conductors of an implantable medical lead and respective portions of tissue of a patient. The implantable medical lead may extend from an implantable medical device that is implanted within the patient. The segmented electrode structure includes a plurality of separate electrode surfaces. The electrode surfaces are at a plurality of different axial positions and angular positions within the implantable segmented electrode structure. The segmented electrode structure additionally includes a plurality of prongs. The prongs extend axially from a proximal end of the segmented electrode structure through the segmented electrode structure. Each prong may electrically connect to one of the electrode surfaces. The prongs may terminate distally at respective electrode surfaces. Each prong may be configured to electrically connect to one of the elongated conductors.

Implantable medical lead with multiple electrode configurations

Medical leads having at least one segmented row of electrodes, as well as at least one ring electrode that extends substantially completely around the periphery of the lead, are described. The electrodes in a segmented row extend around only a portion of the periphery of the lead, rather than substantially around the entire periphery. The electrodes in a segmented row may be distributed at respective locations around the periphery of the lead and separated by insulating material. The ring electrodes and segmented rows are located at respective axial positions. For example, in some embodiments, a plurality of segmented rows, such as two rows having three electrodes each, are located between two ring electrodes. Such a lead may, for example, provide a variety of stimulation modalities because of localized stimulation capabilities.

Implantable medical device with electrodes on multiple housing surfaces

An implantable medical device (IMD) with a housing and electrodes on at least two surfaces of the housing is described. The surfaces may be, for example, opposed, substantially parallel surfaces, e.g., top and bottom surfaces. Location of electrodes on multiple surfaces of the housing may allow the IMD to deliver stimulation to a variety of tissues and with a variety of current field configurations. For example, the IMD may deliver peripheral nerve field stimulation (PNFS) to one or more tissue areas via electrodes selected from one or both of the surfaces to, for example, reduce the sensation of pain in a tissue area proximate to an implantation site of the IMD without targeting a specific nerve. The IMD may be implanted between or within intra-dermal, deep dermal, or subcutaneous layers of the tissue of the patient to deliver PNFS to any one or more of these layers.

Seals for lead bores of implantable medical devices

Seals used within lead bores of implantable medical devices for creating a seal to implantable medical leads inserted into the lead bores include an inner cylinder that engages the lead body. The inner cylinder is surrounded by a gap to either an outer cylinder of the seal or to surrounding structures of the implantable medical device. The inner cylinder has freedom of movement within the gap such that movement of the lead body that is off-axis relative to a centerline of the lead bore causes movement of the inner cylinder that is providing the seal. In this manner, the seal engagement to the lead body is maintained during this off-axis movement of the lead body.

Minimally invasive implantable neurostimulation system

A medical device system for delivering a neuromodulation therapy includes a delivery tool for deploying an implantable medical device at a neuromodulation therapy site. The implantable medical device includes a housing, an electronic circuit within the housing, and an electrical lead comprising a lead body extending between a proximal end coupled to the housing and a distal end extending away from the housing and at least one electrode carried by the lead body. The delivery tool includes a first cavity for receiving the housing and a second cavity for receiving the lead. The first cavity and the second cavity are in direct communication for receiving and deploying the housing and the lead coupled to the housing concomitantly as a single unit.

User interface with 3D environment for configuring stimulation therapy

The disclosure describes a method and system that allows a user to configure electrical stimulation therapy by defining a three-dimensional (3D) stimulation field. After a stimulation lead is implanted in a patient, a clinician manipulates the 3D stimulation field in a 3D environment to encompass desired anatomical regions of the patient. In this manner, the clinician determines which anatomical regions to stimulate, and the system generates the necessary stimulation parameters. In some cases, a lead icon representing the implanted lead is displayed to show the clinician where the lead is relative to the 3D anatomical regions of the patient.

Air admittance valve assembly

The valve assembly (10) is comprised of a valve body (11) having an internal valve chamber (16) in communication with the ambient environment with a valve seat (17) of a predetermined configuration. The assembly further has a cap structure (12) with means (20) to position and align a sealing membrane (25) with respect to the valve seat (17). A flexible elastomeric sealing diaphragm (25) is provided which is under tension when the diaphragm is in sealing configuration. A carrier plate structure (20) may be provided to position the sealing diaphragm (25). The sealing member (25) is in tension adjacent to the sealing seat (17) when in a sealing position.

Implantable medical electrical lead and connector assembly

An implantable system that includes a lead and an implantable signal generator wherein the plurality of electrical contacts and the plurality of insulating regions on the lead, and the plurality of electrical connectors and the plurality of electrical insulators in the connector block are configured so that each of the plurality of electrical contacts form operable connections to the electronic circuitry through each of the plurality of electrical connector, and the insulating regions and the electrical insulators electrically isolate adjacent operable connections. Leads, and methods are also disclosed.

Reversible ribbon cartridge for a high speed impact printer

A REVERSIBLE RIBBON CARTRIDGE FOR A HIGH SPEED IMPACT PRINTER ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a high speed impact printer having means for receiving a ribbon cartridge and for driving the ribbon in said cartridge, the improved apparatus comprising a ribbon cartridge to be inserted in said receiving means and adapted to be reversed one time only which comprises a cartridge housing with first and second reels rotatably mounted in said housing; each of the reels is adapted to support a portion of inventory of a ribbon web which is being driven from one reel to the other reel by the impact printer means for driving said ribbon. A keyed tenon projects from said housing and has an initial position and a second position; the keyed tenon is switchable from the initial position to the second position but irreversible from said second position. The receiving means in the printer includes means for exclusively receiving the tenon keyed in its initial position wherein the ribbon is driven from the first reel to the second reel and means for exclusively receiving the keyed tenon in its second position wherein ribbon is driven from the second reel to the first reel.

Junction for shear sensitive biological fluid paths

A biological fluid transport device comprises a cutwater at the junction of at least two blood flow paths. The cutwater is substantially straight, substantially vertical, or both. At least one of the fluid paths may be tubular, and in some embodiments all of the fluid paths are tubular. The shear sensitive fluid may be, without limitation, blood, blood-based combinations, cell culture media, cell suspensions, proteins, and microcapsule suspensions. The device may be part of an extracorporeal circuit (e.g., blood during heart-lung bypass procedures or blood processing), but it need not be. Preferred embodiments of the device include, without limitation, kinetic pumps, mass transfer devices, filters, reservoirs, and heat exchangers.

Improved junction for shear sensitive biological fluid paths

A biological fluid transport device comprises a cutwater at the junction of at least two blood flow paths. The cutwater is substantially straight, substantially vertical, or both. At least one of the fluid paths may be tubular, and in some embodiments all of the fluid paths are tubular. The shear sensitive fluid may be, without limitation, blood, blood-based combinations, cell culture media, cell suspensions, proteins, and microcapsule suspensions. The device may be part of an extracorporeal circuit (e.g., blood during heart-lung bypass procedures or blood processing), but it need not be. Preferred embodiments of the device include, without limitation, kinetic pumps, mass transfer devices, filters, reservoirs, and heat exchangers.

Implantable medical leads, systems, and related methods for creating a high impedance within a conduction path in the presence of a magnetic field of a given strength

Implantable medical systems include implantable medical leads that have magnetic orientation-independent magnetically actuated switches that are placed in the conduction path to the electrode of the lead. Thus, regardless of the orientation of a substantial magnetic field like that from an MRI machine to the lead and switch within the lead, the switch opens when in the presence of that substantial magnetic field. The switch may be placed in close proximity to the electrode such that the opening of the switch disconnects the electrode from the majority of the conduction path which thereby produces a high impedance for RF current and reduces the amount of heating that may occur at the electrode when in the presence of substantial levels of RF electromagnetic energy as may occur within an MRI machine.

Multi-device obstructive sleep apnea (osa) treatment

A first medical device for obstructive sleep apnea therapy includes therapy delivery circuitry coupled to a first set of electrodes implantable proximate to a first hypoglossal nerve within a tongue of the patient and configured to deliver a first electrical stimulation signal to the first hypoglossal nerve that causes the tongue of the patient to advance and includes information to communicate to a second medical device implantable within the head or neck of the patient and coupled to a second set of electrodes implantable proximate to a second hypoglossal nerve within the tongue of the patient; and sensing circuitry coupled to the first set of electrodes and configured to receive a second electrical stimulation signal, delivered to the second hypoglossal nerve by the second medical device, that includes information that the second medical device communicates to the first medical device.

Multi-device obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment

A first medical device for obstructive sleep apnea therapy includes therapy delivery circuitry coupled to a first set of electrodes implantable proximate to a first hypoglossal nerve within a tongue of the patient and configured to deliver a first electrical stimulation signal to the first hypoglossal nerve that causes the tongue of the patient to advance and includes information to communicate to a second medical device implantable within the head or neck of the patient and coupled to a second set of electrodes implantable proximate to a second hypoglossal nerve within the tongue of the patient; and sensing circuitry coupled to the first set of electrodes and configured to receive a second electrical stimulation signal, delivered to the second hypoglossal nerve by the second medical device, that includes information that the second medical device communicates to the first medical device.

Implantation techniques for electric field therapy

Devices, systems, and techniques are disclosed for delivering electric field therapy to tissue of a subject. In one example, a technique includes removing a tumor from tissue to create a resection cavity, implanting a plurality of leads into the tissue adjacent to the resection cavity, and affixing the plurality of leads at least one of the tissue or bone. The example technique also includes tunneling proximal ends of the leads to an implantation pocket and coupling the proximal ends of the leads to an implantable medical device configured to be placed within the implantation pocket, wherein the implantable medical is configured to deliver electric field therapy via the plurality of implantable leads disposed adjacent to the resection cavity.