Non-Invasive Detection of Bladder Cancer by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization of Aurora A

We disclose a method of detecting bladder cancer in a patient, comprising isolating bladder cells from the patient's urine; hybridizing the bladder cells with a labelled DNA probe, wherein the probe recognizes at least a portion of the aurora kinase A gene, to yield a sample of bladder cells hybridized with the labeled DNA probe; and counting the number of bladder cells in the sample, the number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene in each bladder cell in the sample, and the number of bladder cells in the sample having at least a first threshold number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene.

Catalytic fixed bed reactor for producing ethylene oxide by partial oxidation of ethylene

A method and a reaction vessel for producing gaseous ethylene oxide from partial oxidation of hydrocarbon using a heterogeneous catalyst fixed bed comprising: - introducing gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas, and catalyst promoter into a reaction vessel having a catalyst bed with a length such that an outflow area and an inflow area over said catalyst bed length in between the reactor outflow and inflow has an absolute ratio difference less than or equal to 1.3 m; said catalyst having a selectivity greater than 80%; - circulating a heat transfer fluid through at least one coolant heat exchanger in said shell interior; said heat exchanger having a coolant flow cross sectional area ratio to cooling surface area less than 1; - flowing said gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas and catalyst promoter over said catalyst and through an outlet zone in said reactor vessel, said zone configured with an average residence time of less than or equal to 4 seconds from the catalyst bed to the heat ...

NON-INVASIVE DETECTION OF BLADDER CANCER BY FLOURESCENCE IN SITU HIBRIDIZATION OF AURORA A

We disclose a method of detecting bladder cancer in a patient, comprising isolating bladder cells from the patient's urine; hybridizing the bladder cells with a labelled DNA probe, wherein the probe recognizes at least a portion of the aurora kinase A gene, to yield a sample of bladder cells hybridized with the labeled DNA probe: and counting the number of bladder cells in the sample, the number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene in each bladder cell in the sample, and the number of bladder cells in the sample having at least a first threshold number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene.

EFFICIENT FIXED BED PLATFORM FOR PRODUCTION OF ETHYLENE OXIDE BY PARTIAL OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE USING CATALYST OF WIDE SELECTIVITY

At least one method to efficiently produce alkylene oxide from partial oxidation of hydrocarbons using a high efficiency heterogeneous catalyst in a fixed bed enclosed within a reaction vessel, and a reaction vessel constructed to facilitate the same. 1. A method for producing gaseous ethylene oxide product from partial oxidation of hydrocarbon using a heterogeneous catalyst in a fixed bed enclosed within a reaction vessel shell , comprising:introducing a sufficient amount of gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas, and catalyst promoter into a reaction vessel having an inflow and an outflow, said vessel having a shell with a length and a width to define a reactor vessel volume; said reactor vessel volume defining a catalyst bed shape; said catalyst bed having a length such that an out flow area and an in flow area over said catalyst bed length in between the reactor outflow and inflow has an absolute ratio difference less than or equal to about 1.3 meter anywhere in the reactor bed; said catalyst bed defining a process side and having a selectivity greater than about 80%, said catalyst bed length less than said shell length and having a volume less than said reactor shell volume;circulating a heat transfer fluid through at least one coolant enclosure heat exchanger in said shell interior to define a coolant side of the process; said coolant enclosure equipped with an outside surface and an inside surface; said coolant enclosure outside surface in contact with said catalyst bed and having an inlet and an outlet for the flow of coolant fluid therethrough; said coolant enclosure further defining a cooling surface area with a coolant flow cross sectional area ratio to cooling surface area less than about 1; said coolant side having a higher than said process side, and flowing said gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas and catalyst promoter over said catalyst bed and through a fixed catalyst bed outlet zone in said reactor vessel; said zone configured with average ...

miRNA DETECTION OF PANCREATIC CANCER

Methods for the diagnosis and/or monitoring of pancreatic cancer by detection of micro-RNAs (miRNA) are provided. In certain embodiments, detection of miR-21, miR-210, miR-155, and/or miR-196a in the plasma, blood, or pancreatic juice of a subject, such as a human patient, may be used to detect, diagnose, or monitor a pancreatic cancer. 131-. (canceled)32. A method of detecting for the presence or an increased risk of a pancreatic cancer in a subject , comprising:(a) obtaining a biological sample that comprises miRNA sequences of the subject; and(b) measuring the level of miR-21, miR-210, miR-155, or miR-196a in the biological sample, wherein an increased level of miR-21, miR-210, miR-155, or miR-196a relative to a normal control indicates an increased risk of or the presence of a pancreatic cancer in the subject, and wherein the biological sample comprises a blood sample, a plasma sample, a serum sample, or a pancreatic juice sample.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring the level of said miR-21 claim 32 , miR-210 claim 32 , miR-155 claim 32 , or miR-196a using RT-PCR claim 32 , a biochip claim 32 , quantitative PCR claim 32 , serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) claim 32 , or a microarray.34. The method of claim 32 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring the level of at least two of said miR-21 claim 32 , miR-210 claim 32 , miR-155 claim 32 , or miR-196a.35. The method of claim 34 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring the level of at least three of said miR-21 claim 34 , miR-210 claim 34 , miR-155 claim 34 , or miR-196a.36. The method of claim 32 , wherein said measuring comprises measuring the level of each of said miR-21 claim 32 , miR-210 claim 32 , miR-155 and miR-196a.37. The method of claim 32 , wherein the subject is a human.38. The method of claim 37 , wherein the human has pancreatic cancer.39. The method of claim 37 , wherein the human has pancreatitis or chronic pancreatitis.40. The method of claim 37 , ...

Process for liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass

Methods and systems are provided for improved liquefaction of a lignocellulosic biomass. The methods include reacting a lignocellulosic biomass slurry at mild conditions for a short period to produce a first reaction mixture having a reduced viscosity as compared to the lignocellulosic biomass slurry and that is substantially free of levulinic acid and hydroxymethylfurfural. The methods further include separating the first reaction mixture into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, the solid fraction having a majority of lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass slurry and the liquid fraction having a majority of hemicellulose and greater than about 30% by weight of cellulose from the lignocellulosic biomass slurry. The method advantageously prevents or eliminates the formation of tar and/or char.

BITUMEN TRANSPORT

A bitumen transport composition is provided comprising bitumen, a diluent in an amount of 24 weight percent or less and an additive wherein the additive is a mono-alcohol, a mono-nitrile, an amine or mixtures thereof. Also provided is a method to make the bitumen transport composition. Also provided is a method to transport the bitumen transport composition. 1. A bitumen transport composition comprising:i bitumen;ii a diluent present in an amount of 24 weight percent or less; andiii an additive wherein the additive is a mono-alcohol, a mono-nitrile, an amine or mixtures thereof.2. A bitumen transport composition comprising:i bitumen;ii a diluent present in an amount ‘x’ percent less than the amount of diluent in a mixture of bitumen and diluent that meets pipeline specifications wherein ‘x’ is 10 or greater and 20 or less; andiii an additive wherein the additive is a mono-alcohol, a mono-nitrile, an amine or mixtures thereof.3. The bitumen transport composition of wherein the additive comprises a mono-alcohol wherein the alcohol is C1 to C12 and is branched or linear.4. The bitumen transport composition of wherein the additive comprises a mono-nitrile wherein the nitrile is C1 to C6 and is aliphatic or aromatic with electron activating groups.5. The bitumen transport composition of wherein the additive comprises an amine wherein the amine is C1 to C6 and is aliphatic or aromatic with electron activating groups.6. The bitumen transport composition of wherein the additive is methanol claim 1 , acetonitrile claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , isopropanol claim 1 , p-(N claim 1 , N-dimethylamino)aniline claim 1 , butanol claim 1 , aniline claim 1 , 2-ethylhexanol claim 1 , 1-propanol claim 1 , p-toluidine claim 1 , hexanenitrile or mixtures thereof.7. The bitumen transport composition of wherein the additive is present in an amount of 3 weight percent or less and 500 parts per million or more.8. A method of making a bitumen transport composition claim 1 , the method comprising ...

INTEGRATED RECYCLING SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR USE OF SLUDGE

Methods are provided for reuse of a sludge from a waste fiber supply including an organic fraction and an inorganic fraction. Generally, methods include converting the sludge by burning the sludge to remove a majority of the organic fraction and produce an ash with inorganic materials in an amount of at least about 80% by weight of the ash and adding the ash to a plastic pyrolysis system in an effective amount to remove at least a portion of one or more contaminants from a plastic feed stream of the plastic pyrolysis system. Integrated recycling systems also are provided and include a fiber recovery system; a means for at least partially dewatering a sludge; a burner; and a pyrolyzer. 1. A method for reuse of a sludge comprising:providing a sludge from a waste fiber supply comprising an organic fraction and an inorganic fraction;converting the sludge by burning the sludge to remove a majority of the organic fraction and produce an ash comprising inorganic materials in an amount of at least about 80% by weight of the ash;adding the ash to a plastic pyrolysis system in an effective amount to remove at least a portion of one or more contaminants from a plastic feed stream of the plastic pyrolysis system.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more contaminants are selected from the group consisting of chlorine claim 1 , mercury claim 1 , sulfur claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic materials are present in the ash in an amount of at least about 85% by weight of the ash.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic materials comprise calcium oxide claim 1 , alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic materials are present in the ash in an amount of less than about 1.0% by weight of the ash.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of converting the sludge is conducted at a temperature of about 1375 to about 1900° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

Efficient fixed bed platform for production of ethylene oxide by partial oxidation of ethylene using catalyst of wide selectivity

At least one method to efficiently produce alkylene oxide from partial oxidation of hydrocarbons using a high efficiency heterogeneous catalyst in a fixed bed enclosed within a reaction vessel, and a reaction vessel constructed to facilitate the same.

Apparatus and methods for osmotically shocking cells

A method of preparing a recombinant polypeptide of interest includes fermenting a host cell being transformed with a recombinant expression system capable of bringing about secretion of a polypeptide of interest into the periplasm of said host cell. The polypeptide of interest is extracted from the periplasm by applying a continuous osmotic shock to the host cells contained in a fermentation medium. An apparatus for osmotically shocking cells includes a first reservoir containing cells in a first solution and a second reservoir containing a second solution, the first solution having a higher osmolarity than the second solution. A method for osmotically shocking cells using the first and second solutions is also disclosed. Also disclosed is a method of isolating a recombinant polypeptide of interest from a cell.

Catalytic fixed bed reactor for producing ethylene oxide by partial oxidation of ethylene

A method and a reaction vessel for producing gaseous ethylene oxide from partial oxidation of hydrocarbon using a heterogeneous catalyst fixed bed comprising: - introducing gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas, and catalyst promoter into a reaction vessel having a catalyst bed with a length such that an outflow area and an inflow area over said catalyst bed length in between the reactor outflow and inflow has an absolute ratio difference less than or equal to 1.3 m; said catalyst having a selectivity greater than 80%; - circulating a heat transfer fluid through at least one coolant heat exchanger in said shell interior; said heat exchanger having a coolant flow cross sectional area ratio to cooling surface area less than 1; - flowing said gaseous ethylene, oxygen, ballast gas and catalyst promoter over said catalyst and through an outlet zone in said reactor vessel, said zone configured with an average residence time of less than or equal to 4 seconds from the catalyst bed to the heat exchanger to quench said process to create gaseous ethylene oxide product.

Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer by fluorescence in situ hybridization of aurora a

We disclose a method of detecting bladder cancer in a patient, comprising isolating bladder cells from the patient's urine; hybridizing the bladder cells with a labelled DNA probe, wherein the probe recognizes at least a portion of the aurora kinase A gene, to yield a sample of bladder cells hybridized with the labeled DNA probe; and counting the number of bladder cells in the sample, the number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene in each bladder cell in the sample, and the number of bladder cells in the sample having at least a first threshold number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene.

Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer by fluorescence in situ hybridization of aurora a

We disclose a method of detecting bladder cancer in a patient, comprising isolating bladder cells from the patient's urine; hybridizing the bladder cells with a labelled DNA probe, wherein the probe recognizes at least a portion of the aurora kinase A gene, to yield a sample of bladder cells hybridized with the labeled DNA probe; and counting the number of bladder cells in the sample, the number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene in each bladder cell in the sample, and the number of bladder cells in the sample having at least a first threshold number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene.

Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer by fluorescence in situ hybridization of aurora a

We disclose a method of detecting bladder cancer in a patient, comprising isolating bladder cells from the patient's urine; hybridizing the bladder cells with a labelled DNA probe, wherein the probe recognizes at least a portion of the aurora kinase A gene, to yield a sample of bladder cells hybridized with the labeled DNA probe; and counting the number of bladder cells in the sample, the number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene in each bladder cell in the sample, and the number of bladder cells in the sample having at least a first threshold number of copies of the aurora kinase A gene.

Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer by fluorescence in situ hybridization of aurora a

Method and system to efficiently abort a database transaction

Disclosed is an approach to autonomously abort a lower priority transaction that is blocking a higher priority transaction, where the lower priority transaction is holding a lock on a resource for which there is contention. Some approaches also provide an efficient way to implement identification of a blocker transaction, which drastically reduces the response time to abort the blocker transaction.