ROD LENS ARRAY, OPTICAL EQUIPMENT, IMAGE SENSOR, PRINTER, INSPECTION DEVICE, MOTHER GLASS COMPOSITION FOR REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION-TYPE ROD LENS, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION-TYPE ROD LENS

This rod lens array 10a comprises a plurality of refractive index distribution-type rod lenses 1b arranged such that optical axes thereof are parallel to each other, and forms an erecting equal magnification image. A refractive index distribution-type rod lens 1b has a refractive index distribution in a radial direction. The radius of the refractive index distribution-type rod lens 1b is represented by r0. The central refractive index, which is the central refractive index of the refractive index distribution-type rod lens 1b, is represented by no. The refractive index distribution constant of the refractive index distribution-type rod lens 1b is represented by √A. The refractive index at a distance r from the center of the refractive index distribution-type rod lens 1b is approximated as n(r) = n0  {1 - (A/2)  r2}. The opening angle θ represented by sin-1 (n0  √A  r0) is 3 to 6°. The imaging distance of the rod lens array 10a is 45 to 75 mm. The depth of field, in which the value of ...

NON-CONTACT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, CHARGING STATION, AND VEHICLE

A charging station includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions and a power supply ECU. When a second vehicle is parked at a position where it can receive electric power from a first electric power transmission portion and when the second vehicle receives weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion, the second vehicle transmits to the power supply ECU, an occupation signal which allows determination that the parking position corresponds to the first electric power transmission portion. When the power supply ECU receives the occupation signal of the first electric power transmission portion from the second vehicle, the power supply ECU stops transmission of weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion and guides a first vehicle to a second electric power transmission portion.

CONTROL SYSTEM AND CONTROL METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

In a control system for an internal combustion engine that can use a plurality of kinds of fuel including compressed natural gas, the invention prohibits a changeover from CNG to another fuel from being made in a period from a time when CNG is used for the first time after the start of the internal combustion engine to a time when it is determined that properties of CNG do not need to be learned, or a period from the time when CNG is used for the first time after the start of the internal combustion engine to a time when a processing of learning the properties of CNG ends.

CONTACTLESS POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE

A contactless power transmission device includes: a plurality of power transmission coil units; a plurality of detection units configured to detect a foreign substance on and around each power transmission coil unit; a communication unit configured to communicate with a vehicle; and a control unit configured to select one of the plurality of power transmission coil units based on information about a mounting position of a power reception device from the vehicle obtained by the communication unit, and to guide, when a detection unit detects a foreign substance at the selected power transmission coil unit, the vehicle toward a power transmission coil unit different from the selected power transmission coil unit, before the vehicle stops. This can prevent a reduction in power transfer efficiency due to a foreign substance or the like in a power transmission device including a plurality of power transmission coils. 1. A contactless power transmission device , comprising:a plurality of power transmission coil units;a detection unit configured to detect a foreign substance on and around each power transmission coil unit;a communication unit configured to communicate with a vehicle; anda control unit configured to select one of the plurality of power transmission coil units based on information about a mounting position of a power reception device from the vehicle obtained by the communication unit, and to guide, when the detection unit detects a foreign substance at the selected power transmission coil unit, the vehicle toward a power transmission coil unit different from the selected power transmission coil unit, before the vehicle stops.2. The contactless power transmission device according to claim 1 , whereinthe plurality of power transmission coil units are arranged along a front-back direction of a parking position of the vehicle, andwhen the detection unit detects a foreign substance at the selected power transmission coil unit, the control unit guides the vehicle ...

GRADIENT INDEX LENS, OPTICAL PRODUCT, OPTICAL DEVICE, GLASS COMPOSITION FOR GRADIENT INDEX LENS, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING GRADIENT INDEX LENS

A gradient index lens (1b) has a depth of field of 1.5 to 3.0 mm. The depth of field is determined by subtracting the minimum operating distance from the maximum operating distance. The value of a modulation transfer function (MTF) for a spatial frequency of six lines per millimeter is 30% or greater in an operating distance.

AIR FUEL RATIO CONTROL FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE THAT CAN BE OPERATED WITH FUELS AT DIFFERENT PROPERTIES

The air-fuel ratio feedback control is performed by using a first correction value which is determined depending on a difference between a detected air-fuel ratio (A/F) of an air-fuel mixture and a target A/F and a second correction value which is determined depending on the property of the fuel. Further, fuel property learning control is carried out to correct the first correction value and the second correction value so that an absolute value of the first correction value is not more than a threshold value, when the absolute value of the first correction value is larger than the threshold value after performing the charging with fuel. A combustion continuing correction value range, which is a range of the second correction value to allow the A/F of the mixture to be included in an A/F range in which combustion can be continued, is stored, and the second correction value is set to a value within the combustion continuing correction value range if the A/F feedback control and the fuel property learning control are interrupted.

VEHICLE INCLUDING ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION UNIT

A vehicle includes an electric power reception unit, a motive power generation apparatus generating on an output shaft a drive force for moving the vehicle, and a vehicle ECU controlling the motive power generation apparatus. The motive power generation apparatus includes a parking gear provided on the output shaft, a parking pole having a protrusion to be fit in a groove of the parking gear, and a drive unit outputting the drive force. The vehicle ECU controls the drive unit so that in a case where the electric power reception unit is located within an area in which electric power can be received from the electric power transmission apparatus and where the motive power generation apparatus has been set to a parking range, the vehicle is moved in a direction that causes the electric power reception unit to approach the electric power transmission apparatus.

ROD LENS ARRAY, OPTICAL EQUIPMENT, IMAGE SENSOR, PRINTER, INSPECTION DEVICE, MOTHER GLASS COMPOSITION FOR REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION-TYPE ROD LENS, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF REFRACTIVE INDEX DISTRIBUTION-TYPE ROD LENS

A rod lens array 10a includes a plurality of gradient-index rod lenses 1b arrayed to have optical axes parallel to each other, and forms an erecting equal-magnification image. The gradient-index rod lenses 1b each have a refractive-index distribution in a radial direction thereof. The refractive-index distribution n(r) is approximated by n(r) = n0•{1 - (A/2)•r2}, where a refractive index at a center of the gradient-index rod lens 1b is represented by n0, a refractive-index distribution constant of the gradient-index rod lens 1b is represented by √A, and a distance from the center of the gradient-index rod lens 1b is represented by r. The gradient-index rod lens 1b has an aperture angle θ of 3 to 6°, the aperture angle θ represented by θ = sin-1(n0•√A•r0), where a radius of the gradient-index rod lens is represented by r0. The rod lens array 10a has an imaging distance of 45 to 75 mm and a depth of field of 1.5 to 3.0 mm with value of modulation transfer function (MTF) of 30% or more at ...

POWER RECEPTION DEVICE AND VEHICLE INCLUDING THE SAME

When a distance between coils is detected, a measuring device measures a power reception voltage VR. A notifying device notifies the distance between the coils based on a measurement result by the measuring device. A power reception unit is configured such that a characteristic of power reception voltage VR with respect to the distance between the coils has a plurality of extreme values in accordance with change in the distance between the coils. When a local minimum value of power reception voltage VR is detected during execution of alignment, a vehicle ECU controls the notifying device to notify the distance between the coils corresponding to the detected local minimum value of power reception voltage VR, by using the characteristic of power reception voltage VR prepared preliminarily. 1. A power reception device which is mounted on a vehicle and receives , in a contactless manner , electric power output from a power transmission device provided outside said vehicle , the power reception device comprising:a power reception coil configured to receive, in a contactless manner, the electric power output from a power transmission coil of said power transmission device;a measuring device configured to, when a distance between said power transmission coil and said power reception coil is detected based on a power reception voltage at the time of said power reception coil's reception of the electric power output from said power transmission coil, measure said power reception voltage;a notifying device configured to notify said distance based on a measurement result by said measuring device, anda distance calculator configured to calculate a movement distance of the vehicle,said power reception coil being configured such that a characteristic of said power reception voltage with respect to said distance has a plurality of extreme values in accordance with change in said distance,when said measuring device detects a local minimum value of said power reception voltage after ...

NON-CONTACT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, CHARGING STATION, AND VEHICLE

A power source ECU transmits a first message for inquiring whether or not a vehicle is parked at a location provided with a power transmission device, after full-scale power transmission is completed. A vehicle ECU transmits a second message for informing that the vehicle is parked, when it receives the first message. When the power source ECU does not receive the second message for informing that the vehicle is parked after transmitting the first message, the power source ECU determines that the vehicle is not parked at the location provided with the power transmission device.

POWER RECEPTION DEVICE AND VEHICLE INCLUDING THE SAME

A power reception coil of a power reception unit is configured to receive, in a contactless manner, the electric power output from a power transmission coil of a power transmission unit. A rectifying circuit includes a rectifier and a capacitor provided on an output side of the rectifier, and rectifies the electric power received by the power reception coil. A voltage sensor is provided on an output side of the rectifying circuit. A vehicle ECU detects rising of a voltage detected by the voltage sensor, and detects a distance between the coils based on a movement distance of a vehicle from a reference distance indicative of the distance between the coils at which the rising of voltage occurs, the reference distance is prepared in advance.

FUEL PROPERTY ESTIMATION DEVICE

This fuel property estimation device is used in an internal combustion engine that uses a mixed fuel of three kinds of fuel and includes a first sensor that outputs a signal responsive to a physical property of the fuel in a fuel route and a second sensor outputs a signal responsive to an oxygen concentration of exhaust gas. This device measures a physical property value of the mixed fuel based on a first sensor signal, and calculates an air-fuel ratio value at stoichiometric combustion state using feedback of a second sensor signal. This device estimates a composition ratio of the mixed fuel based on the measured physical property value and the calculated air-fuel ratio value by referring to a relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed fuel and the physical property value and a relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed fuel and a theoretical air-fuel ratio value. 1. A fuel property estimation device for an internal combustion engine that uses a mixed fuel of three kinds of fuel , including a first sensor provided on a fuel route and a second sensor provided on an exhaust passage , the first sensor outputting a signal responsive to a physical property of the fuel , and a second sensor outputting a signal responsive to an oxygen concentration of exhaust gas , the fuel property estimation device comprising:a physical property measurements unit that is configured to measure a physical property value of the mixed fuel used in the internal combustion engine based on a signal from the first sensor;an air-fuel ratio value calculation unit that is configured to calculate an air-fuel ratio value at a time when the combustion state of the internal combustion engine is adjusted to be stoichiometric using feedback of a signal from the second sensor; anda fuel composition ratio estimation unit that is configured to estimate a composition ratio of the mixed fuel used in the internal combustion engine based on the physical property value measured by the ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

There is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which, in the case where an InP-based device is formed with a sacrificial layer in between, is capable of obtaining better device characteristics than those in the case where an AlAs single layer is used as the sacrificial layer, and which does not have the possibility that the device layer is etched together with the sacrificial layer during etching of the sacrificial layer. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes: a formation step of forming a sacrificial layer which is pseudomorphic to InP on an InP substrate, and then forming an InP-based device layer on the sacrificial layer; and a separation step of separating the InP substrate and the device layer from each other by etching the sacrificial layer. 110-. (canceled)11. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising:a forming step of forming a sacrificial layer which pseudomorphic to InP on a metamorphic buffer layer of a metamorphic substrate, and then forming an InP-based device layer on the sacrificial layer, the metamorphic substrate including a GaAs substrate and the metamorphic buffer layer formed on a surface of the GaAs substrate, the metamorphic buffer layer having a smaller lattice mismatch to InP than a lattice mismatch between GaAs and InP; anda separation step of separating the metamorphic substrate and the device layer from each other by etching the sacrificial layer. 1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including an indium phosphide (InP)-based device layer.2. Description of the Related ArtElectronic devices such as high electron mobility transistor (HEMTs) and heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) formed on InP substrates, and light-emitting/receiving devices such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diode (LDs) and photo diodes (PDs) formed on InP substrates are expected as next-generation high-performance key devices for ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A semiconductor device includes: a channel layer made of a compound semiconductor; a barrier layer provided above the channel layer and made of a compound semiconductor in which an energy band on a carrier travel side in a junction with respect to the channel layer is farther from an intrinsic Fermi level in the channel layer than in the channel layer; a low-resistance region provided in a surface layer of the barrier layer, in which resistance is kept lower than portions around by containing impurity; a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the barrier layer at positions sandwiching the low-resistance region; a gate insulating layer provided on the low-resistance region; and a gate electrode provided above the low-resistance region through the gate insulating layer. 1. A semiconductor device comprising:a channel layer made of a compound semiconductor;a barrier layer provided above the channel layer and made of a compound semiconductor in which an energy band on a carrier travel side in a junction with respect to the channel layer is farther from an intrinsic Fermi level in the channel layer than in the channel layer;a low-resistance region provided in a surface layer of the barrier layer, in which resistance is kept lower than portions around by containing impurity;a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the barrier layer at positions sandwiching the low-resistance region;a gate insulating layer provided on the low-resistance region; anda gate electrode provided above the low-resistance region through the gate insulating layer.2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 ,wherein the barrier layer has a stacked structure of a first barrier layer touching the channel layer and a second barrier layer in which diffusion velocity of the impurity contained in the low-resistance region is slower than the first barrier layer, andthe low-resistance region is provided in the second barrier layer.3. The semiconductor device according to claim ...

Control apparatus for a multi-fuel internal combustion engine (as amended)

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is intended to carry out ignition to a mixture in a more stable manner in a multi-fuel internal combustion engine. In the control apparatus for a multi-fuel internal combustion engine which is able to be operated by mixed combustion of a plurality of kinds of fuels, a mixing ratio of the plurality of kinds of fuels is controlled by a mixing ratio control unit, and ignition timing of a spark plug is controlled by an ignition timing control unit, in such manner that a required discharge voltage is made equal to or less than a voltage which is lower by a fixed value than a voltage to be applied to said spark plug (S 104, S 108 ).

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR MULTIFUEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

An object of the present invention is to reduce the difference between the torque generated by an internal combustion engine and a required torque in a control system for a multifuel internal combustion engine that can use CNG and liquid fuel. To achieve the object, the control system for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention causes the internal combustion engine to operate in a first operation mode in which only CNG is used, when the required torque of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a threshold and to operate in a second operation mode in which at least liquid fuel among CNG and liquid fuel is used, when the required torque of the internal combustion engine is higher than the threshold and changes the magnitude of the threshold in conjunction with the concentration of inert gases contained in CNG. 17-. (canceled)8. A control system for a multifuel internal combustion engine , which controls switching between a first operation mode in which the internal combustion engine operates using only compressed natural gas and a second operation mode in which the internal combustion engine operates using at least liquid fuel among compressed natural gas and liquid fuel , comprising:determination unit for determining the concentration of inert gases contained in compressed natural gas; andchanging unit for changing a condition for switching between said first operation mode and said second operation mode in conjunction with the concentration of inert gases determined by said determination unit.9. A control system for a multifuel internal combustion engine according to claim 8 , whereinsaid condition for switching requires to cause the internal combustion engine to operate in the first operation mode when the required torque of the internal combustion engine is equal to or lower than a threshold and to cause the internal combustion engine to operate in the second operation mode when the required torque of the internal ...

Semiconductor apparatus and manufacturing method of the semiconductor apparatus

Provided is a semiconductor apparatus including a channel layer, an upper barrier layer that is provided on the channel layer, a first barrier layer that constitutes a boundary layer on a side of the channel layer in the upper barrier layer, a second barrier layer that is provided in a surface layer of the upper barrier layer, a low-resistance region that is provided in at least a surface layer in the second barrier layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode that are connected to the second barrier layer, at positions across the low-resistance region, a gate insulating film that is provided on the low-resistance region, and a gate electrode that is provided above the low-resistance region via the gate insulating film.

CONTINUOUS HEATING FURNACE AND OPERATING METHOD THEREOF

A continuous heating furnace including an inlet, a heating zone, a cooling zone and an outlet in this order, for carrying out a heat treatment while conveying at least one workpiece from the inlet to the outlet, wherein the cooling zone is configured such that an ambient gas for direct cooling of the workpiece can flow into the cooling zone from the outlet; the cooling zone includes a plurality of indirect coolers arranged in parallel in the conveying direction of the workpiece, each of the indirect coolers having at least one regulator for independently adjusting a cooling power; and the cooling zone includes one or more residual heat outlets for discharging a residual heat gas in the cooling zone. 1. A continuous heating furnace comprising an inlet , a heating zone , a cooling zone and an outlet in this order , for carrying out a heat treatment while conveying at least one workpiece from the inlet to the outlet ,wherein the cooling zone is configured such that an ambient gas for direct cooling of the workpiece can flow into the cooling zone from the outlet;the cooling zone comprises a plurality of indirect coolers arranged in parallel in the conveying direction of the workpiece, each of the indirect coolers having at least one regulator for independently adjusting a cooling power; andthe cooling zone comprises one or more residual heat outlets for discharging a residual heat gas in the cooling zone.2. The continuous heating furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling zone comprises one or more introducing ports for a cooling gas fed via one or more fans in order to directly cool the workpiece claim 1 , the introducing ports being disposed between the outlet and the indirect cooler located at a position closest to the outlet among the indirect coolers.3. The continuous heating furnace according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling zone comprises no introducing port for a cooling gas fed via one or more fans in order to directly cool the workpiece at a position ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE

A semiconductor device includes a channel layer; and a high resistance layer that is provided on the channel layer, and is made of a semiconductor with high resistance which has a conduction band position higher than that of the semiconductor which forms the channel layer. The semiconductor device includes a first conduction-type low resistance region provided on a surface layer of the high resistance layer, and is made of a semiconductor including first conduction type impurities. The semiconductor device includes: a source electrode and a drain electrode that are connected to the high resistance layer, in a position crossing the low resistance region; a gate insulating film provided on the low resistance region; and a gate electrode provided on the low resistance region via the gate insulating film. The semiconductor device includes current block regions between the low resistance region, and between the source electrode and the drain electrode respectively. 1. A semiconductor device comprising:a channel layer;a high resistance layer that is provided on the channel layer, and is made of a semiconductor with high resistance which has a conduction band position higher than that of a semiconductor which forms the channel layer;a first conduction-type low resistance region that is provided on a surface layer of the high resistance layer, and is made of a semiconductor which includes first conduction-type impurities;a source electrode and a drain electrode that are connected to the high resistance layer, in a position with the low resistance region interposed therebetween;a gate insulating film provided on the low resistance region;a gate electrode provided on the low resistance region via the gate insulating film; andcurrent block regions that are formed between the low resistance region and the source electrode, and between the low resistance region and the drain electrode.2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 ,wherein the current block regions are made of ...

Semiconductor device, antenna switch circuit, and radio communication apparatus

A semiconductor device includes: a laminated body including a channel layer that is configured of a compound semiconductor; and at least one gate electrode that is provided on a top surface side of the laminated body, wherein the laminated body includes a first low-resistance region that is provided on the top surface side of the laminated body, the first low-resistance region facing the at least one gate electrode, and a second low-resistance region that is provided externally of the first low resistance region on the top surface side of the laminated body, the second low-resistance region being continuous with the first low-resistance region.

ADSORPTION CHARACTERISTIC MEASURING APPARATUS

An adsorption characteristic measuring apparatus is configured to: acquire a unit-time leak pressure value from a pressure increase value of an internal pressure value of a sample tube caused by an non-adsorption gas leaking from the outside of a fitting portion into an inner space of the sample tube; acquire a pressure value at which a temporal change of the internal pressure value of the sample tube assumes an equilibrium state when an adsorption gas present in the reference volume portion is supplied into the sample tube and the sample tube is in a closed state; calculate a pressure value after correction of a real leak pressure value is performed on a measured equilibrium pressure value, as a true equilibrium pressure value, the real leak pressure value being obtained in such a manner that the unit-time leak pressure value is multiplied by a leak time; and calculate an adsorption isotherm. 1. An adsorption characteristic measuring apparatus that supplies a predetermined adsorption gas to a sample accommodated in a sample tube to measure an adsorption isotherm , the apparatus comprising:a refrigerant container that is filled with a constant temperature refrigerant in which the sample tube is immersed;a sample tube fitting portion that is provided at an opening of the sample tube;an adsorption gas supply portion that supplies the adsorption gas;a gas-supply-portion fitting portion that is provided at a supply port of the adsorption gas supply portion;a pipe portion that is provided between the gas-supply-portion fitting portion and the sample tube fitting portion and includes a reference volume portion having an inner space of a predetermined reference volume, a plurality of pipes, and a plurality of on-off valves;an exhaust portion that is connected to the pipe portion through the on-off valves;a reference-volume-portion pressure gauge that detects a pressure value of the reference volume portion,a sample tube pressure gauge that detects an internal pressure of ...

NON-CONTACT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, CHARGING STATION, AND VEHICLE

A power source ECU transmits a first message for inquiring whether or not a vehicle is parked at a location provided with a power transmission device, after full-scale power transmission is completed. A vehicle ECU transmits a second message for informing that the vehicle is parked, when it receives the first message. When the power source ECU does not receive the second message for informing that the vehicle is parked after transmitting the first message, the power source ECU determines that the vehicle is not parked at the location provided with the power transmission device. 1. A non-contact electric power transmission system transmitting electric power between a vehicle and a charging station in a non-contact manner ,said charging station comprising a power transmission device transmitting the electric power in the non-contact manner,said vehicle comprising:a power reception device receiving the electric power in the non-contact manner; anda vehicle control unit transmitting a fifth message for informing that said vehicle is not parked, when said vehicle leaves a location provided with said power transmission device, after full-scale power reception is completed,said charging station further comprising a station control unit determining that said vehicle is not parked at the location provided with said power transmission device, when receiving said fifth message.2. The non-contact electric power transmission system according to claim 1 , wherein said vehicle control unit transmits said fifth message when said vehicle is set by a driver to be travelable and thereafter a shift range thereof is switched to a shift range other than a P range. This is a Division of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/108,057 filed Jun. 24, 2016, which in turn is a U.S. National Stage of PCT/JP2014/005677 filed Nov. 12, 2014, which claims the benefit of JP 2013-265618 filed Dec. 24, 2013. The disclosure of the prior applications is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.The ...

REGENERATIVE BURNER, INDUSTRIAL FURNACE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FIRED ARTICLE

A regenerative burner including: a combustion chamber; a heat exchange chamber; and a communication passage therebetween, the combustion chamber includes a tip of a fuel nozzle and a flame ejection port, and is configured such that fuel introduced from the fuel nozzle into the combustion chamber can be burned in the combustion chamber using combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber through the communication passage to eject flame from the flame ejection port; the fuel nozzle is configured such that fuel burned in the regenerative burner is introduced into the combustion chamber; and the heat exchange chamber comprises a heat accumulator interposed between the communication passage and an air port, and is configured such that combustion air can pass through the heat accumulator and then be introduced into the combustion chamber such that an exhaust gas passes through the heat accumulator and is discharged from the air port. 1. A regenerative burner comprising: a combustion chamber; a heat exchange chamber; and a communication passage between the combustion chamber and the heat exchange chamber ,wherein the combustion chamber comprises a tip of a fuel nozzle and a flame ejection port, and the combustion chamber is configured such that fuel introduced from the fuel nozzle into the combustion chamber can be burned in the combustion chamber using combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber through the communication passage to eject flame from the flame ejection port;wherein the fuel nozzle is configured such that a total amount of fuel burned in the regenerative burner is introduced into the combustion chamber; andwherein the heat exchange chamber comprises: an air port; and heat accumulator interposed between the communication passage and the air port, and the heat exchange chamber is configured such that combustion air introduced from the air port into the heat exchange chamber can pass through a space filled with the heat accumulator and then be ...

POWER RECEPTION DEVICE AND WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM INCLUDING THE SAME

A crowbar circuit includes a diode bridge and switching elements, and is configured to rectify the full wave of AC power between the power lines and output the rectified AC power to a positive electrode line and a negative electrode line. A capacitor is connected between the power line and the negative electrode line. When a detection value of a current sensor indicates that the power reception device is not receiving power normally, a charging ECU stops the power conversion operation of the power transmission device, and thereafter outputs at least one of short circuit commands to the crowbar circuit so as to determine whether or not a malfunction is present in the crowbar circuit based on a detection value of the voltage sensor. 1. A power reception device configured to receive power in a wireless manner from a power transmission device configured to perform a power conversion operation , comprising:a first capacitor electrically connected between a first power line and a second power line connected respectively to both ends of a power reception coil that receives power from the power transmission device;a voltage sensor configured to detect a voltage of the first power line with respect to the second power line;a current sensor configured to detect a current flowing through one of the first power line and the second power line;a crowbar circuit including a diode bridge which is implemented by a first diode, a second diode, a third diode and a fourth diode as well as a first switching element and a second switching element, and configured to rectify the full wave of AC power between the first power line and the second power line and output the rectified AC power to a positive electrode line and a negative electrode line;a second capacitor electrically connected between the second power line and the negative electrode line; anda controller configured to output a first control signal for making the first switching element conductive and a second control signal for ...

CONTACTLESS CHARGING SYSTEM, CHARGING STATION, AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING CONTACTLESS CHARGING SYSTEM

A charging station transmits weak electric power from an available power transmission device of a plurality of power transmission devices when a second communication unit receives a power transmission request signal from a first communication unit. The charging station performs pairing between a vehicle and the power transmission device with which the vehicle has been aligned, in response to reception of an alignment completion signal from the vehicle. The charging station transmits a charging cancellation signal to a vehicle other than the vehicle that has been aligned with the power transmission device, when the pairing is completed. 1. A contactless charging system comprising a vehicle and a charging station , a power reception device, and', 'a first communication unit,, 'said vehicle including'} a second communication unit, and', 'a plurality of power transmission devices,, 'said charging station including'}said charging station transmitting weak electric power from an available power transmission device of said plurality of power transmission devices, when said second communication unit receives a power transmission request signal from said first communication unit,said charging station performing a pairing process between said vehicle and the power transmission device with which said vehicle has been aligned, in response to reception of an alignment completion signal from said vehicle,said charging station transmitting a charging cancellation signal to a vehicle other than said vehicle, when said pairing process is completed.2. A charging station comprising:a plurality of power transmission devices each configured to transmit electric power to a power reception device of a vehicle in a contactless manner;a communication unit for communicating with said vehicle; anda control unit that controls said plurality of power transmission devices to output weak electric power from an available power transmission device of said plurality of power transmission devices, ...

Non-contact electric power transmission system and charging station

A charging station includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions and a power supply ECU controlling electric power transmission from the plurality of electric power transmission portions. The power supply ECU performs pairing processing for determining a first electric power transmission portion after a vehicle completes positioning with respect to the first electric power transmission portion, checks whether or not positional relation between the first electric power transmission portion and a electric power reception portion of the vehicle satisfies an electric power reception condition after the pairing processing is performed and immediately before electric power transmission from the first electric power transmission portion to the vehicle is started, and allows the first electric power transmission portion to start electric power transmission to the vehicle when the positional relation satisfies the electric power reception condition.

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

A charging station includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions and a power supply ECU. When a second vehicle is parked at a position where it can receive electric power from a first electric power transmission portion and when the second vehicle receives weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion, the second vehicle transmits to the power supply ECU, an occupation signal which allows determination that the parking position corresponds to the first electric power transmission portion. When the power supply ECU receives the occupation signal of the first electric power transmission portion from the second vehicle, the power supply ECU stops transmission of weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion and guides a first vehicle to a second electric power transmission portion.

NON-CONTACT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AND CHARGING STATION

When a power supply ECU receives a signal requesting test electric power transmission, the power supply ECU has a plurality of electric power transmission portions start transmission of electric power for positioning, and determines an electric power transmission portion with which a vehicle is carrying out positioning based on which of a plurality of detection portions has detected effective electric power. The vehicle transmits a first signal to a charging station when positioning is completed. When the power supply ECU receives the first signal and it is determined that the vehicle has stopped at the electric power transmission portion which is the subject of electric power transmission, the power supply ECU has the electric power transmission portion which is the subject of electric power transmission transmit electric power higher than electric power for positioning. 1. A non-contact electric power transmission system , comprising:a vehicle; anda charging station, a plurality of electric power transmission portions,', 'a plurality of detection portions detecting effective electric power of transmission electric power transmitted from said plurality of electric power transmission portions, and', 'an electric power transmission control unit controlling electric power transmission from said plurality of electric power transmission portions,, 'said charging station including'}upon reception of a signal requesting test electric power transmission from said vehicle, said electric power transmission control unit having said plurality of electric power transmission portions start transmission of transmission electric power for positioning, and determining, based on which of said plurality of detection portions detects effective electric power, an electric power transmission portion which is transmitting electric power to the vehicle as a subject of electric power transmission,said vehicle transmitting a first signal to said charging station when positioning with ...

NON-CONTACT ELECTRIC POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

A vehicle emits a first signal when the vehicle moves after reception of electric power from an electric power transmission device by an electric power reception device is completed and when a preparatory condition for the vehicle to move is satisfied after reception of electric power from the electric power transmission device by the electric power reception device is completed. When a charging station receives the first signal, the charging station emits a second signal notifying that a state allows charging. 1. A non-contact electric power transmission system in which electric power is transmitted between a vehicle and a charging station in a non-contact manner ,said charging station including an electric power transmission device transmitting electric power in a non-contact manner,said vehicle including an electric power reception device receiving electric power in a non-contact manner,said vehicle emitting a first signal when the vehicle moves after reception of electric power from said electric power transmission device by said electric power reception device is completed and when a preparatory condition for the vehicle to move is satisfied after reception of electric power from said electric power transmission device by said electric power reception device is completed, andsaid charging station emitting a second signal notifying that a state allows charging when said charging station receives said first signal.2. The non-contact electric power transmission system according to claim whereinsaid vehicle emits said first signal when a speed of said vehicle exceeds a prescribed speed.3. The non-contact electric power transmission system according to claim 1 , whereinsaid vehicle emits said first signal when a value obtained by summing speeds of said vehicle exceeds a prescribed value.4. The non-contact electric power transmission system according to claim 1 , whereinsaid vehicle emits said first signal when a current position of said vehicle obtained from a GPS ...

Control system for internal combustion engine

An object of the invention is to provide a technology pertaining to a control system for an internal combustion engine using CNG to allow an internal combustion engine to operate appropriately even when properties of CNG change. To achieve the object, in the control system for an internal combustion engine using compressed natural gas according to the invention, when air-fuel ratio feedback control that corrects the fuel injection quantity in such a way as to make the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture burned in the internal combustion engine substantially equal to a target air-fuel ratio, a control parameter relating to a condition of combustion of the air-fuel mixture is corrected based on the magnitude of the correction value in the air-fuel ratio feedback control.

HIGH MOBILITY ELECTRON TRANSISTOR

A semiconductor device includes: a channel layer made of a compound semiconductor; a barrier layer provided above the channel layer and made of a compound semiconductor in which an energy band on a carrier travel side in a junction with respect to the channel layer is farther from an intrinsic Fermi level in the channel layer than in the channel layer; a low-resistance region provided in a surface layer of the barrier layer, in which resistance is kept lower than portions around by containing impurity; a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the barrier layer at positions sandwiching the low-resistance region; agate insulating layer provided on the low-resistance region; and a gate electrode provided above the low-resistance region through the gate insulating layer. 1. A semiconductor device comprising:a channel layer made of a compound semiconductor;a barrier layer provided above the channel layer and made of a compound semiconductor in which an energy band on a carrier travel side in a junction with respect to the channel layer is farther from an intrinsic Fermi level in the channel layer than in the channel layer;a low-resistance region provided in a surface layer of the barrier layer, in which resistance is kept lower than portions around by containing impurity;a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the barrier layer at positions sandwiching the low-resistance region;a gate insulating layer provided on the low-resistance region; anda gate electrode provided above the low-resistance region through the gate insulating layer.2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 ,wherein the barrier layer has a stacked structure of a first barrier layer touching the channel layer and a second barrier layer in which diffusion velocity of the impurity contained in the low-resistance region is slower than the first barrier layer, andthe low-resistance region is provided in the second barrier layer.3. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 ...

FUEL PROPERTY DETERMINATION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE

An object of the present invention is to provide a technology with which when a gaseous fuel is supplied into a fuel tank of a vehicle with an internal combustion engine that uses gaseous fuel, properties of the supplied gaseous fuel can be determined promptly. To achieve the object, the fuel property determination system for a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine using gaseous fuel according to the present invention is adapted to calculate, when gaseous fuel is supplied to the fuel tank, the gas constant of the supplied gaseous fuel using a cross sectional area of a passage for delivering gaseous fuel to the fuel tank from a filler port and a change in the pressure in the fuel tank as parameters and to calculate the concentration of inert gases contained in the gaseous fuel using the gas constant as a parameter. 1. A fuel property determination system for a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine using gaseous fuel , comprising:a fuel tank for storing gaseous fuel;a filler port, which is opened when the gaseous fuel is supplied to the fuel tank;a pressure sensor that measures the pressure in the fuel tank; anda calculation unit that calculates, when new gaseous fuel is supplied to the fuel tank, the gas constant of the gaseous fuel newly supplied to the fuel tank using a change in the pressure measured by the pressure sensor and a cross sectional area of a fuel passage running from the filler port to the fuel tank as parameters and calculates the concentration of an inert gas contained in the gaseous fuel newly supplied to the fuel tank using the gas constant as a parameter.2. A fuel property determination system for a vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the calculation unit calculates the concentration of the inert gas contained in mixed fuel as a mixture of the gaseous fuel remaining in the fuel tank and the gaseous fuel newly supplied to the fuel tank using as parameters the quantity of gaseous fuel remaining in the fuel tank at the ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE, ANTENNA SWITCH CIRCUIT, AND RADIO COMMUNICATION APPARATUS

A semiconductor device includes: a laminated body including a channel layer that is configured of a compound semiconductor; and at least one gate electrode that is provided on a top surface side of the laminated body, wherein the laminated body includes a first low-resistance region that is provided on the top surface side of the laminated body, the first low-resistance region facing the at least one gate electrode, and a second low-resistance region that is provided externally of the first low resistance region on the top surface side of the laminated body, the second low-resistance region being continuous with the first low-resistance region. 1. A semiconductor device comprisinga laminated body including a channel layer that is configured of a compound semiconductor; andat least one gate electrode that is provided on a top surface side of the laminated body, a first low-resistance region that is provided on the top surface side of the laminated body, the first low-resistance region facing the at least one gate electrode, and', 'a second low-resistance region that is provided externally of the first low resistance region on the top surface side of the laminated body, the second low-resistance region being continuous with the first low-resistance region., 'wherein the laminated body includes'}2. The semiconductor device according to claim 1 , whereinthe first low-resistance region includes an impurity of a second conductivity type reverse to a first conductivity type of a carrier traveling in the channel layer, andthe second low-resistance region is smaller than the first low-resistance region in a charge amount per unit length of the second conductivity type.3. The semiconductor device according to claim 2 , wherein the second low-resistance region is lower than the first low-resistance region in an impurity concentration of the second conductivity type.4. The semiconductor device according to claim 2 , wherein the second low-resistance region is smaller than the ...

Panel member for automobile

A panel member for an automobile has: a first plate member; a second plate member joined to the first plate member via a first joining portion in a state of being adjacent to the first plate member, a tensile strength of the second plate member is lower than a tensile strength of the first plate member; one or more third plate members joined to the first plate member and the second plate member via a second joining portion that intersects the first joining portion in a state of being adjacent to the first plate member and the second plate member; and a high strength portion that is provided at the second plate member, and that includes a peak portion including the first joining portion and the second joining portion, a tensile strength of the high strength portion being higher than the tensile strength of the second plate member.

Control system for internal combustion engine and inert gas concentration detecting device for compressed natural gas

In a control system that includes a pressure accumulating portion that supplies CNG to a fuel injection valve and a regulator that adjusts a pressure in the pressure accumulating portion to a set pressure and of which a valve element opens when CNG is supplied to the pressure accumulating portion and closes when supply of CNG to the pressure accumulating portion is shut off, a control parameter relating to a combustion state in an internal combustion engine is controlled on the basis of a length of a period during which an opening degree of the valve element reduces from a first predetermined opening degree to a second predetermined opening degree when the pressure in the pressure accumulating portion is adjusted to the set pressure by the regulator.

Internal combustion engine and control method thereof

A controller for an internal combustion engine that has a port injection valve and is capable of running on a gasoline/alcohol mixed fuel comprises: load detecting means that detects a load during operation of the internal combustion engine; alcohol concentration detecting means that detects an alcohol concentration of the mixed fuel; and synchronous fuel injection increasing means that increases a fuel injection amount in a synchronous injection period in response to the load when the load detected by the load detecting means is higher than a predetermined load value and the alcohol concentration detected by the alcohol concentration detecting means is higher than a predetermined concentration value, the synchronous injection period being a period in which a period in which an intake valve is opened and a period in which the mixed fuel is injected from the port injection valve overlap with each other.

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

A charging station includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions and a power supply ECU. When a second vehicle is parked at a position where it can receive electric power from a first electric power transmission portion and when the second vehicle receives weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion, the second vehicle transmits to the power supply ECU, an occupation signal which allows determination that the parking position corresponds to the first electric power transmission portion. When the power supply ECU receives the occupation signal of the first electric power transmission portion from the second vehicle, the power supply ECU stops transmission of weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion and guides a first vehicle to a second electric power transmission portion.

Method of manufacturing flat plate microlens and flat plate microlens

A number of minute recesses are formed one- or two-dimensionally by wet-etching in the surface of a glass substrate which is to be a mold. By wet-etching again without using a mask, the density of the minute recesses is increased. Parting agent is applied to the surface, and then a photosetting or thermosetting high refractive index resin material is applied to the parting agent surface. A first glass substrate is placed on the high refractive index resin material, the material is spread, the material is cured, and the material and the first glass substrate are parted from the glass substrate mold. A low refractive index resin material is applied to the cured high refractive index resin material layer on the first glass substrate, a second glass substrate is put on the low refractive index resin material, the low refractive index resin material is spread, and the low refractive index resin material is cured.

Coating method

Fuel injection control method for bi-fuel direct injection engine

【課題】液体燃料噴射休止時に液体燃料噴射弁の噴口部へのデポジット付着を抑制することができるバイフューエル筒内直噴エンジンの燃料噴射制御方法を提供すること。 【解決手段】ガソリンを筒内に直接噴射する液体燃料噴射弁と、気体燃料を筒内または吸気ポートに噴射する気体燃料噴射弁とを備え、エンジンの運転モードに応じてガソリンと気体燃料のいずれか一方を噴射し、運転条件に応じて成層燃焼と均質燃焼とを切り替え可能に構成されたバイフューエル筒内直噴エンジンの燃料噴射制御方法において、ガソリンと気体燃料の噴射切り替え時に（ステップＳ１１肯定、ステップＳ１７肯定）、液体燃料噴射弁の噴射圧を増大させて均質燃焼下で所定時間（Ｔ１，Ｔ２）噴射し、付着したデポジットを洗浄する（ステップＳ１３、Ｓ１４、Ｓ１８）。洗浄後は、指示通りの燃料に切り替えて燃焼制御する（ステップＳ１５、Ｓ１９）。 【選択図】 図１

Overload detecting method

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Self-climbing suspended scaffold unit

(57)【要約】 【課題】 屋根鉄骨に揚重装置据付け用スペースを確保 したり、揚重装置を据え付けるための補強を行う必要が なく、大空間に対応する大型の吊り足場を構築するのに 好適な自力昇降式の吊り足場ユニットを提供する。 【解決手段】 複数個の矩形状の鋼製枠体１１と単管１ ３で組み立てた主フレーム１Ａに床板１Ｂを取り付けて 成る吊り足場ユニット１を、エンドレスワインダー１８ が装着された鋼箱型フレーム１７を単管１９で連結して 成る２台の揚重装置２，２の上に、前記鋼箱型フレーム １７の上面に突設された位置決め突起２１で水平面内で の位置ずれが阻止された状態に載置してセルフクライミ ング吊り足場ユニットＡを構成する。鋼製枠体１１とし ては、既製のゴンドラ養生用鋼製架台を使用する。

Non-contact power transmission and reception system

【課題】非接触送受電時の位置合わせが容易となる非接触送受電システムを提供する。 【解決手段】非接触送受電システムは、非接触で受電可能に構成された受電部１００を搭載する車両１０と、車外から受電部１００に送電する送電装置２０とを備える。送電装置２０は、車両を移動させて受電部１００の位置を送電装置２０の送電部７００に合わせる位置合わせを実行する際に、受電部１００での受電強度を確認するためのテスト送電を実行し、テスト送電時には電圧制御を行なって送電を実行し、位置合わせ完了後の本送電時には電力制御を行なって送電を実行する。 【選択図】図１

Fuel injection control device of internal combustion engine

【課題】液体燃料を気筒内に噴射する第１燃料噴射弁と、当該液体燃料とは異なる燃料を吸気通路に噴射する第２燃料噴射弁とを有する内燃機関において、前者の噴射弁におけるデポジットの堆積を可及的に抑制する。 【解決手段】上記内燃機関において、第２燃料噴射弁による燃料噴射から第１燃料噴射弁による燃料噴射に切り替えが行われるときに、内燃機関の運転状態に基づいて決定される標準噴射圧での該第１燃料噴射弁による噴射実行前に、噴射圧調整手段により該標準噴射圧よりも低い圧力に調整された切替時噴射圧で第１燃料噴射弁からの燃料噴射が行われ、且つ、１燃焼サイクルにおける該切替時噴射圧での噴射期間は、仮に該標準噴射圧での燃料噴射が行われた場合の噴射期間よりも長く設定される。 【選択図】図３

Fuel property estimation device

This fuel property estimation device is used in an internal combustion engine that uses a mixed fuel of three kinds of fuel and includes a first sensor that outputs a signal responsive to a physical property of the fuel in a fuel route and a second sensor outputs a signal responsive to an oxygen concentration of exhaust gas. This device measures a physical property value of the mixed fuel based on a first sensor signal, and calculates an air-fuel ratio value at stoichiometric combustion state using feedback of a second sensor signal. This device estimates a composition ratio of the mixed fuel based on the measured physical property value and the calculated air-fuel ratio value by referring to a relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed fuel and the physical property value and a relationship between the composition ratio of the mixed fuel and a theoretical air-fuel ratio value.

Substrate treating device

(57)【要約】 【課題】 基板処理装置を平面的に小さな装置にする。 【解決手段】 基板処理装置は、基板に対して一連の処 理を行うための装置であって、多段オーブン２０ａと、 旋回ロボットとを備えている。多段オーブン２０ａは、 搬入用及び搬出用コンベア室２１，２６と加熱室２５ａ 等とが上下方向に重ねられたものである。搬入用及び搬 出用コンベア室２１，２６は、基板の搬入あるいは搬出 のための室である。加熱室２５ａ等は、基板に対して処 理を施す室である。旋回ロボットは、搬入用及び搬出用 コンベア室２１，２６と加熱室２５ａ等との間で基板の 移動を行う。

Planer microlens

(57)【要約】 【課題】 平板型マイクロレンズとしてレンズ部を構成 する高屈折率樹脂として十分な耐熱性を発揮するものが ない。 【解決手段】 平板型マイクロレンズのレンズ部を構成 する高屈折率樹脂材料は、チオール結合（Ｒ−Ｓ−Ｈ） を有する樹脂、スルフィド結合（Ｒ−Ｓ−Ｒ’）を有す る樹脂または一般式（Ｒ’−Ｓ−Ｒ−Ｓ−Ｒ−Ｓ− Ｒ’）で表わされる樹脂を主剤とする。ただし、Ｓはイ オウ、Ｈは水素、Ｒは環状不飽和炭化水素、環状飽和炭 化水素、直鎖状不飽和炭化水素、直鎖状飽和炭化水素の いずれか、Ｒ’はアクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基、 エポキシ基、イソシアネート基、アミノ基、アシル基、 カルボキシル基、アルコキシリル基、ビニル基を有する 有機化合物のいずれかである。

Optical recording medium

Method for making semiconductor device

A method for making a semiconductor device comprises: depositing at least one Group II-VI compound semiconductor layer comprising at least one Group II element selected from the group consisting of zinc, magnesium, manganese, beryllium, cadmium and mercury and at least one Group VI element selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium onto a Group III-V compound semiconductor layer comprising at least one Group III element selected from the group consisting of gallium, aluminum, boron and indium and at least one Group V element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth; wherein before depositing the Group II-VI compound semiconductor layer, a particle beam composed of at least one Group II element selected from the group consisting of zinc, magnesium, beryllium, cadmium and mercury is radiated onto the Group III-V compound semiconductor layer in a dose of 8×10 -4 Torr·sec or more.

Luminaire and coupling tool for luminaire

【課題】灯具を収容する照明器具を用いることなく灯具を天井あるいはレースウェイ等の造営部に取り付けることができる照明装置及び照明装置の連結具を提供する。【解決手段】照明装置は、造営部に設けられた吊ボルトに取り付けられる照明装置であって、少なくとも造営部の側とは反対側に向かって発光する光源と、少なくとも光源を覆う透光性の外郭とを有する灯具と、吊ボルトに対応した位置に配置された吊ボルトと連結される連結部を有し、灯具と造営部との間に配置されるように灯具に取り付けられる連結具と、を備えている。【選択図】図１

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

A power source ECU transmits a first message for inquiring whether or not a vehicle is parked at a location provided with a power transmission device, after full-scale power transmission is completed. A vehicle ECU transmits a second message for informing that the vehicle is parked, when it receives the first message. When the power source ECU does not receive the second message for informing that the vehicle is parked after transmitting the first message, the power source ECU determines that the vehicle is not parked at the location provided with the power transmission device.

Direct fuel injection-type spark-ignition internal combustion engine

A direct fuel injection-type spark-ignition internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine comprises a fuel injector for injecting fuel as a spray in nearly the shape of a fan having a relative small thickness, a spark plug and a cavity formed on the top surface of a piston. The cavity has a long and narrow groove-like shape. The spray is injected by the fuel injector such that the spray is almost parallel with the center axis of the piston, and impinges in the cavity. The spark plug is arranged in the upper portion of the cylinder to face the cavity.

Liquid crystal display element

By fitting a planar micro-lens array provided with one or more marks (15) with a liquid crystal panel provided with one or more corresponding marks (23), it is possible to align the position of both exactly. The marks according to the present invention may comprise rod shapes, cross shapes, ring shapes, or square shapes, among others.

Lighting system

【課題】照明装置を小型化し、かつ、汎用性の高いプルスイッチ付きの照明装置を提供する。【解決手段】照明装置１０００は、底面部１１２、側壁部１１３−１、１１３−２から成る凹部１１１を有する器具本体１００と、凹部１１１に取り付けられる光源ユニット２００と、凹部１１１に収納され、側壁部１１３−２から側壁部１１３−１に向かう引張方向に引っ張られる引っ張り部１４３を有し、引っ張り部１４３が張方向に引っ張られるたびに、光源ユニット２００への電力の供給と遮断とを切り替えるプルスイッチ１４０と、凹部１１１の内部から外部に向けて側壁部１１３−１に形成された貫通孔１１３Ｈを通り抜けるワイヤー１５０であって、ワイヤー側連結部１５１がプルスイッチ１４０の引っ張り部１４３の引っ張り端部１４３ａに接続され、側壁貫通孔１１３Ｈを通り抜けた部分が屈曲されて側壁部１１３−１の立ち上がる方向に延びるワイヤー１５０を備えた。【選択図】図５

Rotary continuous furnace

(57)【要約】 【課題】 広い設置面積を必要とせず、台板の返送設備 が不要であり、雰囲気の酸素濃度を低いレベルで安定さ せることができ、不活性ガスの打ち込み量が僅かで済む 連続炉を提供する。 【解決手段】 炉体１を環状とし、その同一位置に台板 の搬入口９と取出し口10とを設ける。被焼成物を載せた 台板８を搬入口９から炉内に入れ、回転体４により環状 の炉内を１周させる間に焼成を行う。なお台板８に箱状 マッフル11を被せ、回転体４に設けた雰囲気ガス供給手 段12により箱状マッフル11内に雰囲気ガスを供給しなが ら焼成することができる。

Non-contact electric power transmission system for vehicle

A vehicle (10) emits a first signal when the vehicle (10) moves after reception of electric power from an electric power transmission device (20A, 20B, or 20C) by an electric power reception device (120) is completed and when a preparatory condition for the vehicle (10) to move is satisfied after reception of electric power from the electric power transmission device (20A, 20B, or 20C) by the electric power reception device (120) is completed. When a charging station (90) receives the first signal, the charging station (90) emits a second signal notifying that a state allows charging.

ASSEMBLY DEVICE FOR COMPONENTS AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE FASTENING OF A COMPONENT ON A SUBSTRATE

Plated ferromagnetic wire for wire memory

Plated ferromagnetic wire for wire memory, in which silvercopper alloy having precipitation-hardening property is used as the core wire. A method for manufacturing the plated ferromagnetic wire, wherein the core wire is heat-treated and coated with at least one layer of ferromagnetic material.

Method for forming nitrogen-doped group ii-vi compound semiconductor film

When forming a group II-VI compound semiconductor film made of at least one of group II elements and at least one of group VI elements on a substrate, the substrate is exposed to a nitrogen plasma while charged particles contained in the plasma are removed by means of a charged particle removing means so as to dope the film with nitrogen. The activating rate and crystallinity of the film are improved.

Optical recording medium

An optical disc having a transition linear velocity of 8-11 m/s when irradiating continuous light with 11±1 mW and a wavelength of 660±10 nm using a pickup head with a numerical aperture (NA) of 0.65, and satisfying the following condition: Δ R=|Rb−Ra |≦3% where Rb is a reflectance of an unrecorded area, and Ra is a reflectance of the top of an eye pattern after ten cycles of recording. In one recording mode therefor, the disc is rotated at a constant angular velocity so as to have a linear velocity of 3-4 m/s on an innermost track and a linear velocity of 8-9 m/s on an outermost track. In another mode, the disc is rotated at a constant angular velocity so as to have a linear velocity of 5-6 m/s on an innermost track and a linear velocity of 13-14 m/s on an outermost track.

Fuel property detecting device

A fuel property detecting device having a small simple structure capable of accurately detecting the concentration of the biofuel in a mixed fuel of a hydrocarbon fuel and the biofuel and excellent in durability and reliability. A fuel property sensor (22) comprises a light-emitting device (28) and a light-receiving device (32) both for detecting the light transmittance of the fuel in a fuel passage (26) and a light-emitting device (36) and a position detecting device (38) for detecting the index of refraction of the fuel. Since light transmittance correlates with the RME concentration of the fuel, the RME concentration can be calculated from the detected light transmittance. Since the index of refraction correlates with the cetane number of the fuel, the cetane number can be calculated from the detected index of refraction. The light transmittance is detected by using a light in a wavelength region of 640 to 680 nm.

Non-contact electric power transmission system and charging station

A charging station (90) includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions (700A, 700B) and a power supply ECU (800) controlling electric power transmission from the plurality of electric power transmission portions (700A, 700B). The power supply ECU (800) performs pairing processing for determining a first electric power transmission portion (700A) after a vehicle (10) completes positioning with respect to the first electric power transmission portion (700), checks whether or not positional relation between the first electric power transmission portion (700A) and a electric power reception portion of the vehicle (10) satisfies an electric power reception condition after the pairing processing is performed and immediately before electric power transmission from the first electric power transmission portion (700A) to the vehicle (10) is started, and allows the first electric power transmission portion (700A) to start electric power transmission to the vehicle (10) when the positional relation satisfies the electric power reception condition.

Substrate cleaning device and method

(57)【要約】 【課題】 基板の処理タクトを増大させることなく基板 を十分に洗浄する。 【解決手段】 この基板洗浄装置は、基板を投入する投 入部２０と、投入された基板の主面に洗浄水を供給して 基板をブラシ洗浄等するブラシ部３０と、洗浄後の基板 を取り出す払出部４０とを備える。ブラシ部３０では、 基板を往復往させる第１〜第３回の洗浄工程が行われ る。復方向の第２回目の洗浄工程で、第１ロールブラシ ３１は当初の当接位置から退避位置まで上昇し、第２ロ ールブラシ３２のみで洗浄が行われる。したがって、第 ２回目の洗浄工程では、基板ＷＦの搬送行程を短くする ことができ、基板ＷＦの搬送速度を速めることなく処理 タクトの向上を図ることができる。しかも、この第２回 目の洗浄工程において、比較的汚染されやすい第１ロー ルブラシ３１が基板ＷＦに接触しないので、基板ＷＦの 洗浄を効果的なものとすることができる。

Field-effect semiconductor device and method for making the same

A method for making a filed-effect semiconductor device includes the steps of forming a gate electrode on a semiconductor layer composed of a gallium nitride-based compound semiconductor represented by the formula Al x In y Ga 1−x−y N, wherein x+y=1, 0≦x≦1, and 0≦y≦1; and forming a source electrode and a drain electrode by self-alignment using the gate electrode as a mask. A field-effect semiconductor device fabricated by the method is also disclosed.

Patent JPH05357B2

Contactless power transmission device

A guide system, comprises a vehicle including a power reception coil unit, a power transmission coil unit, and a control unit configured to guide the vehicle to a selected power transmission coil unit, wherein the control unit guides the vehicle toward a power transmission coil unit different from the selected power transmission coil unit before the vehicle stops, when the efficiency would be lower than the predetermined value of the selected transmission coil unit.

Internal combustion engine and control method therefor

Controller für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2), die ein Saugrohreinspritzventil (12) hat und in der Lage ist, mit einer Benzin/Alkohol-Kraftstoffmischung zu fahren, wobei der Controller aufweist:ein Lasterfassungsmittel, das eine Last während des Betriebs der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) erfasst;ein Alkoholkonzentrationserfassungsmittel, das eine Alkoholkonzentration der Kraftstoffmischung erfasst; sowieSynchronkraftstoffeinspritzerhöhungsmittel, das eine Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge während einer Synchroneinspritzzeitspanne ansprechend auf die Last erhöht, wenn die durch das Lasterfassungsmittel erfasste Last höher als ein vorgegebener Lastwert ist, und die durch das Alkoholkonzentrationserfassungsmittel erfasste Alkoholkonzentration größer als ein vorgegebener Konzentrationswert ist, wobei die Synchroneinspritzzeitspanne eine Zeitspanne ist, innerhalb welcher eine Zeitspanne, während der ein Einlassventil geöffnet ist, und eine Zeitspanne, während der die Kraftstoffmischung aus dem Saugrohreinspritzventil (12) eingespritzt wird, einander überlappen. An internal combustion engine controller (2) having an intake manifold injection valve (12) and capable of running on a gasoline / alcohol fuel mixture, the controller comprising: a load sensing means that detects a load while the internal combustion engine (2) is operating an alcohol concentration detection means that detects an alcohol concentration of the fuel mixture; and synchronous fuel injection increasing means that increases a fuel injection amount during a synchronous injection period in response to the load when the load detected by the load detection means is higher than a predetermined load value and the alcohol concentration detected by the alcohol concentration detection means is larger than a predetermined concentration value, the synchronous injection period being a period within which overlap a period of time during which an intake valve is open and a period of time during which the fuel mixture is ...

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

Spraying device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Substrate heating method and the continuous heat treatment furnace thereof

Thin film transistor, method of manufacturing thin film transistor, display unit, and electronic device

There is provided a thin film transistor including: a gate electrode; a pair of source/drain electrodes; a first oxide semiconductor layer provided between the gate electrode, and the pair of source/drain electrodes, and forming a channel; and a second oxide semiconductor layer provided on the pair of source/drain electrodes side of the first oxide semiconductor layer, and having a polarity different from that of the first oxide semiconductor layer.

Gas fuel engine

【課題】 ガス燃料エンジンにおいて、リーン化が容易かつリーン化による失火が生じにくいというガス燃料の好適な特性を利用して、燃費の悪化を抑制しながらＮＯｘ等の物質を低減する。 【解決手段】 燃料噴射装置の燃料噴射時期を可変することで、負荷領域に応じて成層燃焼または均質燃焼を選択するガス燃料エンジン１において、ＮＯｘ触媒６２の劣化状態に応じて、燃料噴射時期と点火時期との間隔を補正して燃料と空気との混合時間を延長する。燃焼室８内の空燃比がリーン化され、排ガス中のＮＯｘが低減される。混合時間の延長によるリーン化が、成層燃焼のための空燃比大（リーン）かつスロットル開度大の燃焼条件下で行われるので、均質燃焼時の高いポンプ損失(吸気損失)および高い燃料濃度に起因した燃費の悪化を抑制できる。 【選択図】 図１

Power conversion device

【課題】損失特性の異なるスイッチング素子を組み合わせたＨブリッジモータドライブシステムにおいて、低損失素子を有効活用できるようにする。【解決手段】第１インバータは、直流電源と並列接続され、回転電機の相毎に複数の第１スイッチング素子を含む。第２インバータは、直流電源と並列接続され、回転電機の相毎に複数の第２スイッチング素子を含む。制御装置は、第１及び第２インバータを制御する。複数の第１スイッチング素子と複数の第２スイッチング素子とは、互いに異なる損失特性を有する。損失が小さい方を低損失素子と称し、損失が大きい方を高損失素子と称したとき、制御装置は、低損失素子を用いる側のインバータに該当する第１及び第２インバータの一方のスイッチング回数が、高損失素子を用いる側のインバータに該当する第１及び第２インバータの他方のスイッチング回数よりも多くなるように第１及び第２インバータを制御する。【選択図】図２

Non-contact electric power transmission system and charging station

Stamper for use in forming planar micro-lens array and method of forming thereof

For providing a stamper for forming a planar micro-lens array, a stamper is prepared by forming plural concave portions (2) for forming lens portion upon a stamping surface thereof, and a trap portion (3) is provided surrounding said plural concave portions and continuing until an outer edge thereof. Then, onto the stamping surface, on which a release agent (4) is applied, there is applied a high refractive index resin (5), and a glass substrate (6) is pressed onto the high refractive index resin (5) to exude it. With this operation, the high refractive index resin (5) is filled into each of the plural concave portions (2), and any excess is received or accommodated in the trap portion (3), thereby preventing excess resin from being forced outside.

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

A power source ECU (800) transmits a first message for inquiring whether or not a vehicle (10) is parked at a location provided with a power transmission device (20A, 20B, or 20C), after full-scale power transmission is completed. A vehicle ECU (500) transmits a second message for informing that the vehicle (10) is parked, when it receives the first message. When the power source ECU (800) does not receive the second message for informing that the vehicle (10) is parked after transmitting the first message, the power source ECU (800) determines that the vehicle (10) is not parked at the location provided with the power transmission device (20A, 20B, or 20C).

Non-contact electric power transmission system for vehicle

Falling down prevention device for travelling construction machine and safety device unit used in the same

(57)【要約】 【課題】 エンジンの振動による影響をさほど受けず に、クローラクレーン等の走行式建設機械の移動中およ び作業中の傾斜状況をリアルタイムで正確に把握するこ とが可能で、地盤耐力不足や傾斜地盤等に起因する転倒 事故の発生を防止できるようにする。 【解決手段】 走行装置２を備えたロアフレーム３の上 に、作業装置５を備えたアッパーフレーム４を連設し、 アッパーフレーム４に搭載されたエンジン６の動力で走 行装置２と作業装置５を駆動する走行式建設機械におい て、ロアーフレーム３に、互いに直角なＸ，Ｙ二方向と その合成方向での傾きを検出する姿勢監視装置７を装着 し、姿勢監視装置７による検出結果に基づいて第１段階 で警報を発し、第２段階で作業装置５と走行装置２への 動力を遮断するように構成する。

Control device for diesel engine

A diesel engine (10) has a fuel addition valve (88) capable of adding fuel to exhaust gas from an exhaust path on the upstream side of an exhaust post-processing device (55). An ECU (100), a control device for the diesel engine (10), has a function of estimating the concentration of biofuel in the fuel and a function of acquiring the temperature of exhaust gas in the exhaust path. The ECU (100) sets, according to the estimated biofuel concentration, a minimum exhaust temperature that is a minimum value of the exhaust gas temperature that permits operation of the fuel addition valve (88). The fuel added by the fuel addition valve (88) is made to flow to the exhaust post-processing device (55) after being sufficiently vaporized by exhaust gas having a temperature higher than or equal to the minimum exhaust temperature set according to the biofuel concentration.

Variable inductor

A variable inductor wherein two closed magnetic circuits each having a predetermined gap in one place are constructed of a movable magnetic core and a fixed magnetic core. When the movable magnetic core is moved, the opposite area between both the magnetic cores in one of the closed magnetic circuits increases, while the opposite area between both the magnetic cores in the other closed magnetic circuit decreases. Thus, the inductances of coils wound around parts of the respective closed magnetic circuits vary complementarily.

Fuel supply system for fuel gas vehicle

【課題】ガス燃料車両のガス燃料を車両外部に供給できるガス燃料車両の燃料供給システムを提供すること。 【解決手段】ガス燃料ボンベ１２からガス燃料を高圧燃料パイプ１４の高圧レギュレータ１５を介してエンジン１１のインジェクタ１１ｂに供給するガス燃料車両１０において、高圧燃料パイプ１４から分岐した低圧燃料パイプ１９と、通常時は閉弁され必要時に開弁される遮断弁２０と、ガス燃料を所定圧力に減圧する低圧レギュレータ２１と、遮断弁２０および低圧レギュレータ２１を介してガス燃料を車両外部へ供給する燃料供給口１８とを備えた。遮断弁２０は、外部ガス機器（たとえば、携帯型の調理用ガス機器やガスエンジン発電機等）が燃料供給口１８に接続された際にこれと連動して開弁するように構成した。 【選択図】 図１

Stamper for manufacture of plate microlens array and manufacture of plate microlens array

(57)【要約】 【課題】 平板型マイクロレンズアレイの成形時に余分 な高屈折樹脂が食み出すことがないスタンパを提供す る。 【解決手段】 成形面にレンズ部を成形する凹部群２を 形成するとともに全周に外端まで続く落し込み部３を形 成しこれをスタンパ１とする。次いで、離型剤４を塗布 した成形面の上に、高屈折樹脂５を塗布し、ガラス基板 ６を前記高屈折樹脂５に押し付けて展開する。この操作 により、高屈折樹脂５は凹部群２内に充填されるととも に、余分な高屈折樹脂５は落し込み部３内に収納され、 外部には食み出さない。

Multi-fuel engine

【課題】 多種燃料機関において、通常制御による被毒回復の利用により、被毒回復制御の実行を抑制する。 【解決手段】 所定の選択基準に基づけばＣＮＧが選択されるべき場合であっても、ＣＮＧによる通常制御中における硫黄脱離能力が低く、且つガソリンによる通常制御中の硫黄脱離が可能な所定の運転領域IIでは、ガソリンを燃料として選択する。ガソリンによる通常制御での被毒回復を利用することによって、ＣＮＧについての被毒回復制御（未燃成分増量制御）の実行を抑制することができる。 【選択図】 図２

Flat microlens array and production method thereof

Non-contact electric power transmission system, charging station, and vehicle

A charging station includes a plurality of electric power transmission portions (700A, 700B) and a power supply ECU (800). When a second vehicle (10B) is parked at a position where it can receive electric power from a first electric power transmission portion (700B) and when the second vehicle (10B) receives weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion (700B), the second vehicle (10B) transmits to the power supply ECU (800), an occupation signal which allows determination that the parking position corresponds to the first electric power transmission portion (700B). When the power supply ECU (800) receives the occupation signal of the first electric power transmission portion (700B) from the second vehicle (10B), the power supply ECU (800) stops transmission of weak electric power from the first electric power transmission portion (700B) and guides a first vehicle (10A) to a second electric power transmission portion (700A).

Semiconductor device and manufacturing method of semiconductor device

本發明揭示一種半導體裝置，其包含：一通道層，其由一化合物半導體製成；一障壁層，其設置於該通道層上方且由一化合物半導體製成，其中相對於該通道層之一接面之一載子傳輸側上之一能帶比該通道層中之一能帶更遠離該通道層中之一本質費米能階；一低電阻區，其設置於該障壁層之一表面層中，其中電阻係保持低於含有雜質之周圍部分；一源極電極及一汲極電極，其等在將該低電阻區夾在中間之位置處連接至該障壁層；一閘極絕緣層，其設置於該低電阻區上；及一閘極電極，其透過該閘極絕緣層而設置於該低電阻區上方。

Rationalization system for line balance

(57)【要約】 【課題】 高い置換効率で基板上の第１処理液を第２処 理液に置換することができる処理液の置換機構および基 板処理装置を提供する。 【解決手段】 置換領域ＣＲの側方から置換領域ＣＲに 第２処理液が供給されて第２処理液の流れ（白抜き矢 印）３が形成される。この洗浄水の流れ３は、置換処理 に際して置換領域ＣＲで第１および第２処理液が混ざり 合ってできた混合液を基板Ｓの外部に強制的に除去す る。その結果、優れた置換効率で置換処理を行うことが できる。

Fuel property detection apparatus

It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel property detection apparatus that excels in durability and reliability and is capable of accurately detecting the biofuel concentration in a mixture of hydrocarbon fuel and biofuel with a compact and simple configuration. A fuel property sensor 22 includes a light-emitting device 28 and a light-receiving device 32 , which detect the optical transmittance of a fuel in a fuel path 26 ; and a light-emitting device 36 and a position sensitive device 38 , which detect the refractive index of the fuel. As the optical transmittance correlates with the RME concentration of the fuel, the RME concentration can be calculated from the detected optical transmittance. As the refractive index correlates with the cetane number of the fuel, the cetane number can be calculated from the detected refractive index. The optical transmittance is detected through the use of light within a wavelength range of 640 nm to 680 nm.

ASSEMBLY DEVICE FOR COMPONENTS AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE FASTENING OF A COMPONENT ON A SUBSTRATE

Regenerative burner, industrial furnace and method for producing a fired article

A regenerative burner including: a combustion chamber; a heat exchange chamber; and a communication passage therebetween, the combustion chamber includes a tip of a fuel nozzle and a flame ejection port, and is configured such that fuel introduced from the fuel nozzle into the combustion chamber can be burned in the combustion chamber using combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber through the communication passage to eject flame from the flame ejection port; the fuel nozzle is configured such that fuel burned in the regenerative burner is introduced into the combustion chamber; and the heat exchange chamber comprises a heat accumulator interposed between the communication passage and an air port, and is configured such that combustion air can pass through the heat accumulator and then be introduced into the combustion chamber such that an exhaust gas passes through the heat accumulator and is discharged from the air port.

照明装置

【課題】照明装置において、端子台と点灯装置とを接続する電線が、光源ユニットを器具本体に固定するための部材と干渉しにくくする。【解決手段】照明装置は、外部から引き込まれる給電用の電線を引き込むための引き込み孔１１１が形成された本体面部１１０を有する器具本体１０１と、光源が設置された光源設置面３０１と、前記光源設置面３０１の反対の面であり、かつ、前記本体面部１１０に対向している面であり、前記電線を介して給電されることで前記光源を点灯させる長手状の点灯装置８００が設置された点灯装置設置面３０２とを有する光源ユニット３００と、前記本体面部１１０と前記点灯装置設置面３０２との間に形成された空間において、前記点灯装置８００の長手方向と直交する方向で前記点灯装置８００を挟むように対に設けられ、前記光源ユニット３００を前記器具本体１０１に固定している１対の固定機構２００とを備える。【選択図】図３

押出成形用ポリエステル樹脂組成物

(57)【要約】 【課題】ポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂の高い機械 的強度や耐薬品性を保持しつつも押出成形が可能なポリ エステル樹脂組成物を提供すること。 【解決手段】エチレンテレフタレート単位を６０モル ％以上含むポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂を主成分 とし、２６５℃におけるメルトフローレートが１０ｇ／ １０分以下であり、２３℃におけるアイゾット衝撃強さ が３０Ｊ／ｍ以上であることを特徴とする押出成形用ポ リエステル樹脂組成物。ゲルマニウム系触媒を用いて 得られるポリエチレンテレフタレート系樹脂および／ま たはボトルから再生されたポリエチレンテレフタレート 系樹脂を含有する前記記載のポリエステル樹脂組成 物。エポキシ変性ポリオレフィンを含有する前記記 載のポリエステル樹脂組成物。

冷凍空調装置

　吐出室からクランク室への連通路の開度を制御することにより圧縮機の吐出容量を制御可能な容量制御弁を備えた可変容量圧縮機と、開度制御可能な膨張弁を有する冷凍空調装置において、該冷凍空調装置の運転を停止する際に、圧縮機停止と実質的に同時に膨張弁の開度を大きくする方向に制御することを特徴とする冷凍空調装置。可変容量圧縮機内に通常備えられている逆止弁の機能のうち、圧縮機停止時におけるクランク室圧力上昇防止機能と、圧縮機を最小容量で運転しているときの冷媒循環防止機能を、冷凍回路の膨張弁の動作で補うようにすることで、逆止弁無し圧縮機が実現可能である。

送受電部を備えた車両

【課題】パーキングギヤの歯の頂部とパーキングポールの突起とが当接したときに、受電装置が受電可能領域外に移動することを抑制することができる車両を提供する。【解決手段】車両１０は、送電装置２０と非接触で電力を受電する受電部１００と、車両１０を移動させる駆動力を出力軸に発生させる動力生成装置４００と、動力生成装置４００を制御する制御装置である車両ＥＣＵ５００とを備える。動力生成装置４００は、出力軸４２１に設けられたパーキングギヤ２４４と、パーキングギヤ２４４の溝部に嵌る突起を有するパーキングポール２４６と、駆動力を出力する駆動部４２０とを含む。車両ＥＣＵ５００は、送電装置２０から受電可能なエリア内に受電部１００が位置し、パーキングレンジに動力生成装置４００が設定されたことを含む所定の条件が成立した場合に、受電部１００が送電装置２０に近づく方向に車両が移動するように駆動部４２０を制御する。【選択図】図１

Vehicle including electric power transmission and reception unit

A vehicle (10) includes an electric power reception unit (100) wirelessly receiving electric power from an electric power transmission apparatus (20), a motive power generation apparatus (400) generating on an output shaft a drive force for moving the vehicle (10), and a vehicle ECU (500) which is a control apparatus controlling the motive power generation apparatus (400). The motive power generation apparatus (400) includes a parking gear (244) provided on the output shaft (421), a parking pole (246) having a protrusion to be fit in a groove of the parking gear (244), and a drive unit (420) outputting the drive force. The vehicle ECU (500) controls the drive unit (420) so that in a case where the electric power reception unit (100) is located within an area in which electric power can be received from the electric power transmission apparatus (20) and where a predetermined condition is met including a condition that the motive power generation apparatus (400) has been set to a parking range, the vehicle is moved in a direction that causes the electric power reception unit (100) to approach the electric power transmission apparatus (20).

Vehicle including electric power transmission and reception unit

灯具、照明装置および灯具用のカバー

【課題】外殻部であるカバーの外面部に、埃、汚れなどが溜まりにくくするカバー、灯具および照明装置を提供する。【解決手段】照明器具に装着される灯具であって、光源となる発光素子と、発光素子を覆い、照明器具に装着された状態において外部に露出した部分の外面部に対する法線の向きが、発光素子の光軸に沿う向きから光軸に直交する向きまでの範囲内となる外壁部を有する、透光性を有するカバーとを備えたものである。【選択図】図５

内燃機関の制御システム

【課題】本発明は、ＣＮＧを含む複数種の燃料を使用可能な内燃機関の制御システムにおいて、ＣＮＧの性状変化に起因したドライバビリティの悪化や排気エミッションの悪化を可能な限り抑制することを課題とする。 【解決手段】本発明は、圧縮天然ガスを含む複数種の燃料を使用可能な内燃機関の制御システムにおいて、内燃機関の始動後に初めてＣＮＧが使用されたときからＣＮＧの性状を学習する必要がないと判定されるまでの期間、又は内燃機関の始動後に初めてＣＮＧが使用されたときからＣＮＧの性状を学習する処理が終了するまでの期間は、ＣＮＧから他の燃料への切り替えを禁止する。 【選択図】図５