Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) within the medium (8). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium (8) having therein a pocket of gas (2). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through the medium (8) so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas (2).

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) within the medium (8). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium (8) having therein a pocket of gas (2). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through the medium (8) so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas (2).

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) within the medium (8). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium (8) having therein a pocket of gas (2). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through the medium (8) so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas (2).

HIGH VELOCITY DROPLET IMPACTS

A method of impacting liquid droplets onto a surface comprises providing a series of liquid droplets (4), and directing the liquid droplets (4) at a non-planar target surface (2) to cause a Shockwave (8) in the droplets (4) upon impact. An apparatus for impacting liquid droplets onto a surface comprises means for producing a series of liquid droplets (4), and means for directing the liquid droplets (4) at a non-planar target surface (2) to cause a Shockwave (8) in the droplets (4) upon impact. The non-planar target surface (2) is shaped to intensify the Shockwave (8) in the droplets (4).

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating a shockwave (16) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (4) so as to be incident upon a boundary (10) between the non-gaseous medium (4) and a gaseous medium (6) formed by at least one hole (8) in a barrier (2) separating the non-gaseous medium (4) from a gaseous medium (6). This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole (8) which is incident upon a target surface (12) comprising a depression (14) which is spaced from the barrier (2) in the gaseous medium (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

Localised energy concentratoin

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating a shockwave (16) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (4) so as to be incident upon a boundary (10) between the non-gaseous medium (4) and a gaseous medium (6) formed by at least one hole (8) in a barrier (2) separating the non-gaseous medium (4) from a gaseous medium (6). This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole (8) which is incident upon a target surface (12) comprising a depression (14) which is spaced from the barrier (2) in the gaseous medium (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

ENERGY FOCUSSING

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises providing a series of projectiles (8) and firing said projectiles (8) at a target (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42). An apparatus for producing localised concentration of energy comprises: means for providing a series of projectiles (8) and means for firing said projectiles (8) at a target (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42). The target (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42) is configured such that upon striking the target, a projectile (8) traps and compresses a volume of gas (10) between the projectile and the target. The target (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42) and the projectile (8) are also configured such that impact of the projectile onto the target gives rise to a converging Shockwave (12) inside the trapped volume of gas (10).

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises: creating at least one shockwave (8) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (2) so as first to be incident upon a focusing pocket of fluid (4) within the medium (2). The focusing pocket of fluid (4) is positioned relative to a differently sized target pocket of gas (6) within the medium (2), and is arranged to shield the target pocket of gas (6) from the initial shockwave (8), such that the incidence of the shockwave (8) on the focusing pocket of fluid (4) concentrates the intensity of a shockwave subsequently incident upon the target pocket of gas (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises: creating at least one shockwave (8) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (2) so as first to be incident upon a focusing pocket of fluid (4) within the medium (2). The focusing pocket of fluid (4) is positioned relative to a differently sized target pocket of gas (6) within the medium (2), and is arranged to shield the target pocket of gas (6) from the initial shockwave (8), such that the incidence of the shockwave (8) on the focusing pocket of fluid (4) concentrates the intensity of a shockwave subsequently incident upon the target pocket of gas (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

Energy focussing

A method of producing a localized concentration of energy includes providing a series of projectiles and firing the projectiles at a target. An apparatus for producing localized concentration of energy includes: a mechanism to provide a series of projectiles and a mechanism to fire the projectiles at a target. The target is configured such that upon striking the target, a projectile traps and compresses a volume of gas between the projectile and the target. The target and the projectile are also configured such that impact of the projectile onto the target gives rise to a converging shockwave inside the trapped volume of gas.

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating a shockwave (16) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (4) so as to be incident upon a boundary (10) between the non-gaseous medium (4) and a gaseous medium (6) formed by at least one hole (8) in a barrier (2) separating the non-gaseous medium (4) from a gaseous medium (6). This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole (8) which is incident upon a target surface (12) comprising a depression (14) which is spaced from the barrier (2) in the gaseous medium (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

Localised energy concentration

Abstract Localised Energy Concentration A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) suspended within the medium (8). The pocket 10 of gas (2) is spaced from a surface (6) shaped so as at least partially to reflect said shockwave (10) in such a way as to direct it onto said gas pocket (2). ------------------------------ ------------------------------------ F i g 1 a --------- Fig. 1 b ...

Localised energy concentration

Abstract Localised Energy Concentration A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) suspended within the medium (8). The pocket 10 of gas (2) is spaced from a surface (6) shaped so as at least partially to reflect said shockwave (10) in such a way as to direct it onto said gas pocket (2). ------------------------------ ------------------------------------ F i g 1 a --------- Fig. 1 b ...

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises: creating at least one shockwave (8) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (2) so as first to be incident upon a focusing pocket of fluid (4) within the medium (2). The focusing pocket of fluid (4) is positioned relative to a differently sized target pocket of gas (6) within the medium (2), and is arranged to shield the target pocket of gas (6) from the initial shockwave (8), such that the incidence of the shockwave (8) on the focusing pocket of fluid (4) concentrates the intensity of a shockwave subsequently incident upon the target pocket of gas (6). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also provided.

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through a non-gaseous medium (8) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas (2) within the medium (8). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium (8) having therein a pocket of gas (2). The pocket of gas (2) is attached to a surface (6) comprising a depression (4) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (2). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave (10) propagating through the medium (8) so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas (2).

High velocity droplet impacts

A method of impacting liquid droplets onto a surface includes providing a series of liquid droplets, and directing the liquid droplets at a non-planar target surface to cause a shockwave in the droplets upon impact. An apparatus for impacting liquid droplets onto a surface includes a mechanism to produce a series of liquid droplets, and a mechanism to direct the liquid droplets at a non-planar target surface to cause a shockwave in the droplets upon impact. The non-planar target surface is shaped to intensify the shockwave in the droplets.

HIGH VELOCITY DROPLET IMPACTS

A method of impacting liquid droplets onto a surface includes providing a series of liquid droplets, and directing the liquid droplets at a non-planar target surface to cause a shockwave in the droplets upon impact. An apparatus for impacting liquid droplets onto a surface includes a mechanism to produce a series of liquid droplets, and a mechanism to direct the liquid droplets at a non-planar target surface to cause a shockwave in the droplets upon impact. The non-planar target surface is shaped to intensify the shockwave in the droplets.

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

There is provided a method of producing a localised concentration of energy. The method includes creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas within the medium wherein the pocket of gas is attached to a non-planar surface shaped to concentrate the intensity of the shockwave which is incident upon the pocket of gas. 1. A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas within the medium wherein the pocket of gas is attached to a non-planar surface shaped to concentrate the intensity of the shockwave which is incident upon the pocket of gas.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface is concave.3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the surface comprises a plurality of discrete portions.4. A method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the discrete portions are piecewise polynomial.5. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the gas pocket is attached to the bottom or centre point of the concave surface.6. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the surface has a depth greater than its width.7. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the surface comprises a plurality of concave portions.8. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the each concave portion has a plurality of gas pockets attached thereto.9. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising using an explosive device to create the shockwave with a pressure of between 0.1 GPa and 50 GPa.10. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising using an external device to apply one or more shockwaves to a static volume of non-gaseous medium to create the at least one shockwave propagating through the non-gaseous medium.11. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising using lithotripsy device to create the shockwave with a pressure of between 100 MPa and 1 GPa.12. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gas ...

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

There is provided a method of producing a localized concentration of energy. The method includes creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas suspended within the medium. The pocket of gas is spaced from a surface shaped so as, at least partially, to reflect said shockwave in such a way as to direct it onto said gas pocket. 1. A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas suspended within the medium , wherein the pocket of gas is spaced from a surface shaped so as at least partially to reflect said shockwave in such a way as to direct it onto said gas pocket.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface is arranged to reflect and/or focus the shockwave onto the pocket of gas.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the reflected and/or focussed shockwave interacts with the gas pocket.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface is non-planar.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface comprises a plurality of discrete portions.6. The method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the discrete portions are piecewise polynomial.7. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface is shaped in such a way that the reflected shocks are focused on the gas pocket.8. The method as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the surface is shaped to focus the reflected shock to a point.9. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the gas pocket is placed no more than three times the maximum radius of curvature of the closest section of surface away from the surface.10. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the edge of the gas pocket closest to the surface is spaced from it by a distance of less than five times the dimension of the widest part of the bubble gas pocket claim 9 , preferably less than three times the widest dimension claim 9 , ...

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localized concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave ( 10 ) propagating through a non-gaseous medium ( 8 ) so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas ( 2 ) within the medium ( 8 ). The pocket of gas ( 2 ) is attached to a surface ( 6 ) comprising a depression ( 4 ) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket ( 2 ). An apparatus for producing a localized concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium ( 8 ) having therein a pocket of gas ( 2 ). The pocket of gas ( 2 ) is attached to a surface ( 6 ) comprising a depression ( 4 ) shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket ( 2 ). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave ( 10 ) propagating through the medium ( 8 ) so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas ( 2 ).

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localized concentration of energy includes: creating a shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a boundary between the non-gaseous medium and a gaseous medium formed by at least one hole in a barrier separating the non-gaseous medium from a gaseous medium. This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole which is incident upon a target surface comprising a depression which is spaced from the barrier in the gaseous medium. An apparatus for producing a localized concentration of energy is also described.

ENERGY FOCUSSING

A method of producing a localized concentration of energy includes providing a series of projectiles and firing the projectiles at a target. An apparatus for producing localized concentration of energy includes: a mechanism to provide a series of projectiles and a mechanism to fire the projectiles at a target. The target is configured such that upon striking the target, a projectile traps and compresses a volume of gas between the projectile and the target. The target and the projectile are also configured such that impact of the projectile onto the target gives rise to a converging shockwave inside the trapped volume of gas.

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localized concentration of energy includes: creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as first to be incident upon a focusing pocket of fluid within the medium. The focusing pocket of fluid is positioned relative to a differently sized target pocket of gas within the medium, and is arranged to shield the target pocket of gas from the initial shockwave, such that the incidence of the shockwave on the focusing pocket of fluid concentrates the intensity of a shockwave subsequently incident upon the target pocket of gas. An apparatus for producing a localized concentration of energy is also described.

MICROBUBBLES AND THEIR GENERATION

Herein is described a process for producing microbubbles, the process comprising passing a first fluid medium through a first capillary, passing second fluid medium through a second capillary, such that the first fluid medium and second fluid medium meet at a junction and form microbubbles having a core of the first fluid medium and a shell of the second fluid medium, the microbubbles then flowing along an exit capillary, wherein a DC voltage and a superimposed AC voltage are applied to the exit capillary and microbubbles then exit the exit capillary.

Producing a localized compression of gas between a concave surface and an impacting jet that is formed by using a shockwave to collapse a gas pocket

There is provided a method of producing a localized concentration of energy. The method includes creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas within the medium wherein the pocket of gas is attached to a non-planar surface shaped to concentrate the intensity of the shockwave which is incident upon the pocket of gas.

Localised energy concentration

There is provided a method of producing a localized concentration of energy. The method includes creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas suspended within the medium. The pocket of gas is spaced from a surface shaped so as, at least partially, to reflect said shockwave in such a way as to direct it onto said gas pocket.

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprises creating at least one shockwave () propagating through a non-gaseous medium () so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas () within the medium (). The pocket of gas () is attached to a surface () comprising a depression () shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (). An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy comprises a non-gaseous medium () having therein a pocket of gas (). The pocket of gas () is attached to a surface () comprising a depression () shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket (). The apparatus further comprises means for creating at least one shockwave () propagating through the medium () so as to be incident upon the pocket of gas (). 1. A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a pocket of gas within the medium wherein the pocket of gas is attached to a surface comprising a depression shaped so as partially to receive the gas pocket.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , comprising controlling the formation of a transverse jet during collapse of the gas pocket claim 1 , wherein the surface depression is designed to receive the transverse jet impact such that at least some of gas pocket is trapped between the impacting jet and the surface depression.3. A method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the jet is arranged to strike an area of surface that has been prepared with a particular roughness or microscopic shape such that many small portions of the pocket of gas are trapped between the jet tip and the target surface.4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface depression and gas pocket are arranged such that the initial contact region is a curve which forms a closed loop.5. A method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein a section of the surface depression has a curvature greater than that of the tip of the jet and wherein ...

Acoustic separators

An acoustic separator comprises: two parallel chamber walls defining a separation chamber therebetween, each chamber wall defining one side of the chamber; inlet means through which fluid can flow into the chamber; and outlet means through which fluid can flow out of the chamber. One of the chamber walls includes a transducer arranged to transmit pressure waves across the chamber towards the other of the chamber walls which in turn is arranged to reflect the pressure waves to set up a standing wave in the chamber. The outlet means defines an opening in one of the sides of the chamber.

LOCALISED ENERGY CONCENTRATION

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy includes: creating a shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a boundary between the non-gaseous medium and a gaseous medium formed by at least one hole in a barrier separating the non-gaseous medium from a gaseous medium. This forms a transverse jet on the other side of the hole which is incident upon a target surface comprising a depression which is spaced from the barrier in the gaseous medium. An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also described. 1. A method of producing a localised concentration of energy comprising creating a shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as to be incident upon a boundary between the non-gaseous medium and a gaseous medium formed by at least one hole in a barrier separating the non-gaseous medium from a gaseous medium , thereby forming a transverse jet on the other side of the hole which is incident upon a target surface comprising a depression which is spaced from the barrier in the gaseous medium.2. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target surface is spaced from the hole in the barrier by a distance of less than 20 times the diameter of the hole.3. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target surface is replaceable.4. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the target surface comprises a plurality of depressions.5. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier comprises a plurality of holes.6. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the target surface comprises a plurality of depressions and wherein each depression corresponds to a hole in the barrier.7. A method as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the holes are arranged claim 5 , by the shape of the barrier and/or the shape of the holes claim 5 , such that multiple transverse jets are directed to a single position on the target surface.8. A method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the barrier is shaped to control the formation ...

Localised energy concentration

A method of producing a localised concentration of energy includes: creating at least one shockwave propagating through a non-gaseous medium so as first to be incident upon a focusing pocket of fluid within the medium. The focusing pocket of fluid is positioned relative to a differently sized target pocket of gas within the medium, and is arranged to shield the target pocket of gas from the initial shockwave, such that the incidence of the shockwave on the focusing pocket of fluid concentrates the intensity of a shockwave subsequently incident upon the target pocket of gas. An apparatus for producing a localised concentration of energy is also described.

localized energy concentration

relatório descritivo da patente de invenção para "concentração de energia localizada". [0001] a presente invenção refere-se a métodos e aparelhos para produzir energias localizadas muito altas. a mesma refere-se especificamente, embora não seja exclusivamente, à geração de energias localizadas suficientemente altas para gerar uma fusão nuclear. [0002] o desenvolvimento de potência de fusão tem sido uma área de investimentos massivos de tempo e dinheiro por muitos anos. tal investimento foi amplamente centralizado no desenvolvimento de um reator de fusão de grande escala, a grandes custos. entretanto, há outras teorias que preveem mecanismos muito mais simples e menos dispendiosos para criar fusão. é de interesse, neste documento, o conceito de guarda-chuva "fusão de confinamento interno", que usa forças mecânicas (tais como ondas de choque) para concentrar e focar energia em volumes muito pequenos. [0003] uma grande parte da confiança potencial em métodos alternativos de fusão de confinamento interno é proveniente das observações de um fenômeno chamado sonoluminescência. isso ocorre quando um líquido que contém bolhas de tamanho adequado é acionado com uma frequência específica de ultrassom. a onda de pressão faz com que as bolhas se expandam e, em seguida, entrem em colapso muito violentamente; um processo geralmente chamado de cavitação inerte. o rápido colapso da bolha leva a uma compressão de não equilíbrio que faz com que o conteúdo aqueça até um determinado ponto em que o mesmo emite luz [gaitan, d. f., crum, l. a., church, c. c., and roy, r. a., journal of the acoustical society of america, 91(6), 3.166 a 3.183 junho (1992)]. houve vários esforços para intensificar tal processo e um grupo declarou observar a fusão [taleyarkhan, r. p., west, c. d., cho, j. s., lahey, r. t., nigmatulin, r. i., and block, r. c., science, 295(5561), 1.868 a 1.873 março (2002)]. entretanto, os resultados observados ainda não foram validados ou replicados, apesar do ...

Localised energy concentration.

Un método de producción de una concentración localizada de energía comprende: crear al menos una onda de choque (8) que se propaga a través de un medio no gaseoso (2) para que primero sea incidente sobre un receptáculo de enfoque de fluido (4) dentro del medio (2). El receptáculo de enfoque de fluido (4) es posicionado con relación a un receptáculo de objetivo diferentemente dimensionado de gas (6) dentro del medio (2), y es colocado para proteger el receptáculo de objetivo de gas (6) de la onda de choque inicial (8), de manera que la incidencia de la onda de choque (8) en el receptáculo de enfoque de fluido (4) concentra la intensidad de la onda de choque subsiguientemente incidente sobre el receptáculo de objetivo de gas (6). También es proporcionado un aparato para la producción de una concentración localizada de energía.

Localized energy concentration

Un método de producción de una concentración localizada de energía que comprende: crear al menos una onda de choque (10; 30; 40) que se propaga a través de un medio no gaseoso (8; 28; 38) de manera que es incidente sobre una bolsa de gas (2; 22; 32; 46) dentro del medio (8; 28; 38) en el que la bolsa de gas (2; 22; 32; 46) se une a una superficie (6; 26; 36) que comprende una depresión (4; 24; 34; 44) conformada con el fin de recibir parcialmente la bolsa de gas (2; 22; 32; 46), y controlar la formación de un chorro transversal (29) durante la contracción de la bolsa de gas (2; 22; 32; 46), en el que la depresión (4; 24; 34; 44) en la superficie (6; 26; 36) está diseñada para recibir el impacto de chorro transversal de tal forma que al menos parte del gas en la bolsa (2; 22; 32; 46) queda atrapado entre el chorro de impacto (29) y la depresión (4; 24; 34; 44) en la superficie (6; 26; 36). A method of producing a localized concentration of energy comprising: creating at least one shock wave (10; 30; 40) that propagates through a non-gaseous medium (8; 28; 38) so that it is incident on a gas bag (2; 22; 32; 46) inside the medium (8; 28; 38) in which the gas bag (2; 22; 32; 46) joins a surface (6; 26; 36 ) comprising a depression (4; 24; 34; 44) formed in order to partially receive the gas bag (2; 22; 32; 46), and control the formation of a transverse jet (29) during the contraction of the gas bag (2; 22; 32; 46), in which the depression (4; 24; 34; 44) on the surface (6; 26; 36) is designed to receive the impact of transverse jet in such a way that at least part of the gas in the bag (2; 22; 32; 46) is caught between the impact jet (29) and the depression (4; 24; 34; 44) on the surface (6; 26; 36) .

Localised energy concentration

Energy approach

Un método para producir una concentración localizada de la energía, que comprende: proporcionar una serie de proyectiles (8) y disparar dichos proyectiles (8) a una diana (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42), estando dicha diana configurada de tal modo que tras impactar en dicha diana (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42), uno de dichos proyectiles (8) atrapa y comprime un volumen de gas (10) entre el proyectil (8) y la diana (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42), caracterizado por que la diana (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42) y el proyectil (8) están configurados además de tal manera que el impacto del proyectil (8) en la diana (2; 4; 6; 14; 16; 18; 20; 30; 32; 34; 36; 38; 42) da lugar a una onda de choque convergente (12) en el interior del volumen atrapado de gas (10).

Localized energy concentration

Un método para producir una concentración localizada de energía que comprende la creación de una onda de choque (16; 116; 216; 316; 416; 516) que se propaga a través de un medio no gaseoso (4; 104; 314; 414; 514) con el fin de que sea incidente sobre un límite (10; 110; 210; 410) entre el medio no gaseoso (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) y un medio gaseoso (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506); caracterizado por que el límite (10; 110; 210; 410) entre el medio no gaseoso (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) y el medio gaseoso (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506) está formado por al menos un orificio (8; 108; 208; 308; 408; 508) en una barrera (2; 102; 202; 302; 402; 502) que separa el medio no gaseoso (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) de un medio gaseoso (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506), formando de este modo un chorro transversal (13) en el otro lado del orificio (8; 108; 208; 308; 408; 508), que es incidente sobre una superficie objetivo (12; 112; 312; 412; 512) que comprende una depresión (14; 114; 314; 414; 514) que está separada de la barrera (2; 102; 202; 302; 402; 502) en el medio gaseoso (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506). A method for producing a localized concentration of energy comprising the creation of a shock wave (16; 116; 216; 316; 416; 516) that propagates through a non-gaseous medium (4; 104; 314; 414; 514) in order to be incident on a limit (10; 110; 210; 410) between the non-gaseous medium (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) and a gaseous medium (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506); characterized in that the limit (10; 110; 210; 410) between the non-gaseous medium (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) and the gaseous medium (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506) is formed by at least one hole (8; 108; 208; 308; 408; 508) in a barrier (2; 102; 202; 302; 402; 502) that separates the non-gaseous medium (4; 104; 204; 304; 404) of a gaseous medium (6; 106; 206; 306; 406; 506), thereby forming a transverse jet (13) on the other side of the hole (8; 108; 208; 308; 408; 508), which is incident on a target surface (12; 112; 312; 412; 512) comprising a ...

Microbubbles and their generation

Herein is described a process for producing microbubbles, the process comprising passing a first fluid medium through a first capillary, passing second fluid medium through a second capillary, such that the first fluid medium and second fluid medium meet at a junction and form microbubbles having a core of the first fluid medium and a shell of the second fluid medium, the microbubbles then flowing along an exit capillary, wherein a DC voltage and a superimposed AC voltage are applied to the exit capillary and microbubbles then exit the exit capillary.

Microbubbles and their generation

Herein is described a process for producing microbubbles, the process comprising passing a first fluid medium through a first capillary, passing second fluid medium through a second capillary, such that the first fluid medium and second fluid medium meet at a junction and form microbubbles having a core of the first fluid medium and a shell of the second fluid medium, the microbubbles then flowing along an exit capillary, wherein a DC voltage and a superimposed AC voltage are applied to the exit capillary and microbubbles then exit the exit capillary.