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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Применить Всего найдено 11. Отображено 11.
25-10-2016 дата публикации

Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage wastes

Номер: US0009475698B2
Автор: Steven M. Heilmann, Frederick J. Schendel, Marc Gregor Von Keitz, Kenneth J. Valentas, Anthony L. Mikula, Brandon Michael Wood, HEILMANN STEVEN M, SCHENDEL FREDERICK J, VON KEITZ MARC GREGOR, VALENTAS KENNETH J, MIKULA ANTHONY L, WOOD BRANDON MICHAEL, Heilmann Steven M., Schendel Frederick J., Von Keitz Marc Gregor, Valentas Kenneth J., Mikula Anthony L., Wood Brandon Michael
Принадлежит: REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, UNIV MINNESOTA

The present disclosure provides methods for hydrothermally treating sewage wastes to preferably obtain valuable products, including fatty acids, carbon-neutral combustible hydrochar fuels, heavy metal salts for recycling into industrially important metals, and phosphoric acid and derivatives thereof. Fatty acids can be chemically transformed into useful products such as soaps, cosmetics and liquid transportation fuels such as biodiesel and conventional gasoline, diesel and aviation fuels; hydrochars created in the process can be combusted and the energy created used to generate electricity; heavy metal salts can be chemically reduced to form industrially important metals for use as catalysts; and phosphoric acid and its derivatives have very important roles as fertilizers in agriculture.

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Номер записи: 1
22-11-2012 дата публикации

SYNTHETIC COAL AND METHODS OF PRODUCING SYNTHETIC COAL FROM FERMENTATION RESIDUE

Номер: US20120291343A1
Автор: Heilmann Steven M., Jader Lindsey, Keitz Marc Von, Schendel Frederick J., Valentas Kenneth J.
Принадлежит:

The invention herein describe a novel process for producing a novel synthetic coal product from fermentation residues, such as, the waste materials from fermentation based ethanol production. The fermentation residue is subject to a hydrothermal carbonization process in an aqueous solution at a temperature and at a pressure sufficient to form a synthetic coal solid and a liquid component. This process does not require drying of the fermentation residue which provides for a more energy efficient method of processing thereof. The synthetic coal solid has a high heat content combustive material. The liquid component has nutrient value so that it can be recycled thereby permitting the sustainable recycling of such nutrients and the water in which those nutrients are dissolved. 1. A method of producing a synthetic coal from a fermentation residue having a low lignocellulosic content , the method comprising the steps of:subjecting the fermentation residue to hydrothermal carbonization in an aqueous suspending medium at a temperature of between about 170° C. and about 225° C., at a pressure of between about 0.8 and about 2.41 MPa, for a period of time of less than 4 hours, and separating the resulting synthetic coal from a liquid component.2. The method of and further including the step of adding an acidic buffer to the fermentation residue prior to subjecting said residue to hydrothermal carbonization.3. The method as defined in and wherein the fermentation residue is thin stillage obtained from the corn based ethanol manufacturing process.4. The method as defined in and wherein the fermentation residue is whole stillage obtained from the corn based ethanol manufacturing process.5. The method as defined in and wherein the lignocellulosic content is less than 20% by dry weight of the fermentation residue.6. The method of and the fermentation residue based synthetic coal produced thereby having an ash content less than both lignocellulosic substrate derived synthetic coals ...

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Номер записи: 2
15-08-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR OBTAINING OILS, LIPIDS AND LIPID-DERIVED MATERIALS FROM LOW CELLULOSIC BIOMASS MATERIALS

Номер: US20130206571A1
Автор: Harned Laurie A., Heilmann Steven M., Jader Lindsey R., Lefebvre Paul A., Sadowsky Michael J., Schendel Frederick J., Valentas Kenneth J., Von Keitz Marc
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns low energy requiring methods for processing low cellulosic biomass materials into oil, char and liquid components. One method comprises the steps of subjecting the biomass to hydrothermal carbonization under specified reaction conditions for producing a combined char and oil fraction as well as an aqueous fraction, separating the combined oil and char fraction from the aqueous fraction by filtration; separating the combined oil and char fraction into individual oil and char fractions using an organic solvent for forming an oil depleted char fraction and a liquid oil and solvent solution, and separating the liquid oil and solvent solution into individual oil and solvent fractions by distillation. 1. A method for processing biomass materials , comprising the steps of:hydrothermally treating the biomass materials to produce a combined char and oil fraction and an aqueous fraction,separating the combined oil and char fraction from the aqueous fraction,separating the combined oil and char fraction to create a separate oil fraction and a separate char fraction.2. The method as defined in and the combined char and oil fraction separated from the aqueous fraction by filtration.3. The method as defined in and the combined oil and char fraction treated with an organic solvent to create the separate oil and char fractions wherein the solvent and the oil fraction form a liquid oil and solvent solution.4. The method as defined in and further including the step of separating the liquid oil and solvent solution into a separate oil fraction and a separate solvent fraction by distillation.5. The method as defined in and further including the step of collecting and recycling the distilled solvent fraction by reuse in a subsequent process step of separating a liquid oil and solvent solution.6. The method as defined in and treating the combined oil and char fraction with an acid wash after the combined oil and char fraction is separated from the aqueous ...

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Номер записи: 3
06-02-2014 дата публикации

Methods of Producing Coal and Fertilizers from Fermentation Residues

Номер: US20140033777A1
Автор: Heilmann Steven M., Jader Lindsey R., Schendel Frederick J., Valentas Kenneth J., Von Keitz Marc, Wood Brandon M.
Принадлежит:

The present invention concerns a process for producing synthetic coal and aqueous liquid plant fertilizing solution products from a fermentation residue such as is left over from the corn based process of producing ethanol. The synthetic coal has a high heat value commensurate with naturally occurring coals and is lower in ash and sulfur content and thus has value as a clean burning energy source. The aqueous fertilizer includes commercially useful amounts of phosphorous, potassium and nitrogen in solution. The process of the invention is also energy efficient in that the products produced thereby involve the use of substantially less energy as compared to the traditional methods of processing fermentation residues in the corn based ethanol production industry. 1. An energy efficient method for processing a fermentation residue into a synthetic coal and aqueous liquid solution products , the method and the synthetic coal and aqueous liquid solution products produced thereby , comprising:heating the fermentation residue in water to a temperature of less than 225 degrees centigrade for a period of time of less than four hours in a confined system, so that the energy used for the entire processing of the fermentation residue is less than 500 BTU's per pound of dry weight of the initial fermentation residue starting material for producing the synthetic coal and the aqueous liquid solution, separating the synthetic coal from the aqueous liquid solution, and the synthetic coal having a BTU content of at least 10,000 BTUs per pound of dry weight thereof.2. The method as defined in wherein the fermentation residue is that resulting from the dry-grind corn based production of ethanol.3. The method as defined in in which the aqueous liquid solution includes available quantities of potassium claim 2 , nitrogen and phosphorous in concentrations sufficient for use as a plant nutrient.4. The method as defined in wherein the fermentation residue is an aqueous suspension of whole ...

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Номер записи: 4
02-07-2015 дата публикации

HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION OF SEWAGE WASTES

Номер: US20150183641A1
Автор: Heilmann Steven M., Mikula Anthony L., Schendel Frederick J., Valentas Kenneth J., Von Keitz Marc Gregor, Wood Brandon Michael
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides methods for hydrothermally treating sewage wastes to preferably obtain valuable products, including fatty acids, carbon-neutral combustible hydrochar fuels, heavy metal salts for recycling into industrially important metals, and phosphoric acid and derivatives thereof. Fatty acids can be chemically transformed into useful products such as soaps, cosmetics and liquid transportation fuels such as biodiesel and conventional gasoline, diesel and aviation fuels; hydrochars created in the process can be combusted and the energy created used to generate electricity; heavy metal salts can be chemically reduced to form industrially important metals for use as catalysts; and phosphoric acid and its derivatives have very important roles as fertilizers in agriculture. 1. A method of obtaining a phosphate from a sewage material , the method comprising:subjecting a wet sewage material to a hydrothermal carbonization process to produce a hydrochar and an aqueous product stream;isolating the hydrochar from the aqueous product stream;treating at least a portion of the isolated hydrochar with an aqueous acid under conditions effective to provide an aqueous phosphate material; andisolating the acid-treated hydrochar from the aqueous phosphate material.2. A method of obtaining fatty acid materials from a sewage material , the method comprising:subjecting a wet sewage material to a hydrothermal carbonization process to produce a hydrochar and an aqueous product stream;isolating the hydrochar from the aqueous product stream;treating at least a portion of the isolated hydrochar with an organic solvent under conditions effective to extract the fatty acid materials into the organic solvent; andisolating the organic solvent-treated hydrochar from the organic solvent having the fatty acid materials therein.3. The method of further comprising removing at least a portion of the organic solvent from the fatty acid materials.4. The method of further comprising: ...

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Номер записи: 5
13-06-2019 дата публикации

Method for removing phosphorus compounds from an aqueous medium

Номер: US20190177192A1
Автор: Gabriel Gerner, Kathleen Hall, Kenneth J. Valentas, Scott Plewka, Zachary Pursell
Принадлежит: University of Minnesota

The present disclosure provides a method for removing a phosphorus compound from an aqueous medium. In one embodiment, the method includes: providing a rare-earth metal-modified carrier; and contacting the rare-earth metal-modified carrier with an aqueous medium including the phosphorus compound under conditions effective to remove at least a portion of the phosphorus compound from the aqueous medium.

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Номер записи: 6
24-10-2019 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REMOVING AMMONIA FROM GAS

Номер: US20190321803A1
Автор: Gerner Gabriel, Plewka Scott, Pursell Zachary, Valentas Kenneth J.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein are methods of controlling the amount of carboxyl groups attached to a hydrochar, the methods including subjecting a composition that includes a stover composition to hydrothermal carbonization to form a hydrochar, wherein the amount of carboxyl groups attached to the hydrochar can be controlled by the amount of lipids in the composition. Methods of removing ammonia from a gas using disclosed hydrochars and the hydrochars themselves are also disclosed. 1. A method of removing ammonia from a gas , the method comprising:subjecting a composition comprising a stover composition to hydrothermal carbonization to form a hydrochar, the composition comprising an amount of lipids to provide a carboxyl group content in the hydrochar of not less than 0.3 millimoles (mmol) carboxyl groups per gram of hydrochar; andcontacting the gas with the hydrochar, whereby the ammonia is adsorbed onto the hydrochar.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the stover composition comprises plant material from: corn claim 1 , sorghum claim 1 , soybean claim 1 , rice claim 1 , wheat claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises corn stover claim 1 , condensed distillers solubles (CDS) claim 1 , spent brewers grains claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises one or more stover compositions and one or more added lipids.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the one or more added lipids comprise corn oil.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl group content is not less than 0.4 millimoles (mmol) carboxyl groups per gram of composition.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carboxyl group content can be determined using a Boehm titration.8. The method according to further comprising adding lipids to a stover composition to form the composition subjected to hydrothermal carbonization.9. The method according to further ...

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Номер записи: 7
21-10-1975 дата публикации

Flaked texturized protein

Номер: US3914455A
Автор: Kenneth J Valentas, Willibald M Lindl
Принадлежит: General Mills Inc

A method of preparing texturized protein material by treating the material in the presence of steam at an elevated gaseous pressure and an elevated temperature and then flaking the treated material.

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Номер записи: 8
19-12-2013 дата публикации

Hydrothermal carbonization of sewage wastes

Номер: WO2013187955A1
Автор: Anthony L. MIKULA, Brandon Michael WOOD, Frederick J. Schendel, Kenneth J. Valentas, Marc Gregor VON KEITZ, Steven M. Heilmann
Принадлежит: Regents of the University of Minnesota

The present disclosure provides methods for hydrothermally treating sewage wastes to preferably obtain valuable products, including fatty acids, carbon-neutral combustible hydrochar fuels, heavy metal salts for recycling into industrially important metals, and phosphoric acid and derivatives thereof. Fatty acids can be chemically transformed into useful products such as soaps, cosmetics and liquid transportation fuels such as biodiesel and conventional gasoline, diesel and aviation fuels; hydrochars created in the process can be combusted and the energy created used to generate electricity; heavy metal salts can be chemically reduced to form industrially important metals for use as catalysts; and phosphoric acid and its derivatives have very important roles as fertilizers in agriculture.

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Номер записи: 9
23-02-1982 дата публикации

Apparatus and method for processing food material utilizing out-of-phase feeding to a treating chamber

Номер: CA1118635A
Автор: Kenneth J. Valentas, Palmer K. Strommer, Takuzo Tsuchiya
Принадлежит: General Mills Inc

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROCESSING FOOD MATERIAL UTILIZING OUT-OF-PHASE FEEDING TO A TREATING CHAMBER Abstract of the Disclosure The food material to be processed is alternately transferred from two sources to an elongated treating chamber. The apparatus for carrying out the method includes rotary valve means employing two pocket areas, each pocket area in-cluding a plurality of pockets with each pair of diametrically located pockets having an interconnecting passage. The pockets of one area are angularly displaced or out-of-phase with the pockets of the other area. Owing to the out-of-phase relationship, the food material to be processed is alternately received by one pocket of one area, then by the next pocket of the other area and so on through each revolution of the valve means in which the pockets are contained, the material being discharged in the same out-of-phase relationship through the interconnecting passages and diametrically disposed pockets into the inlet of a pressurized elongated treating chamber.

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Номер записи: 10
29-01-2014 дата публикации

Process for obtaining oils, lipids and lipid-derived materials from low cellulosic biomass materials

Номер: EP2593532A4
Автор: Frederick J Schendel, Keitz Mark Von, Kenneth J Valentas, Laurie A Harned, Lindsey R Jader, Michael J Sadowdky, Paul A Lefebvre
Принадлежит: Heilmann Steven M

The present invention concerns low energy requiring methods for processing low cellulosic biomass materials into oil, char and liquid components. One method comprises the steps of subjecting the biomass to hydrothermal carbonization under specified reaction conditions for producing a combined char and oil fraction as well as an aqueous fraction, separating the combined oil and char fraction from the aqueous fraction by filtration; separating the combined oil and char fraction into individual oil and char fractions using an organic solvent for forming an oil depleted char fraction and a liquid oil and solvent solution, and separating the liquid oil and solvent solution into individual oil and solvent fractions by distillation.

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Номер записи: 11