DIFFERENTIAL PLANAR APERTURE ANTENNA

A planar differential aperture antenna that has a high gain and wide bandwidth at a millimeter wave band is provided. The differential aperture antenna has a cavity within it that has a height of roughly a quarter of a wavelength of the desired transmission band. The cavity is H-shaped, and has a cross shaped patch within the cavity that is fed differentially by two grounded coplanar waveguides. Two ends of the patch extend towards the ports on either side of the differential aperture antenna, and the other two ends of the patch extend into the cavity lobes, perpendicular with respect to the ports. 1. A differential aperture antenna , comprising:a pair of grounded coplanar waveguides;a first port formed between a first set of ends of the pair of grounded coplanar waveguides and a second port formed between a second set of ends of the pair of grounded coplanar waveguides;a cavity formed between the pair of grounded coplanar waveguides, a ground surface, and a surface metal strip, wherein the cavity comprises lobes, wherein the lobes are substantially symmetric across an axis between the first port and the second port; anda patch that extends into the lobes and into the first port and the second port, wherein the patch is symmetric across the first axis and across a second axis between respective ends of the lobes.2. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein the patch is fed by a pair of microstrip lines.3. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein the patch is fed by a pair of substrate integrated waveguides.4. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein the cavity is H-shaped.5. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein a height of the ports and the cavity is equivalent to a quarter of a wavelength of a transmission received by the differential aperture antenna.6. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein the patch is cross-shaped.7. The differential aperture antenna of claim 1 , wherein an actual ...

CONVERTING A SINGLE-ENDED SIGNAL TO A DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL

A single-ended signal can be converted to a differential signal or reverse. A printed circuit board component can comprise a bottom metal layer and a top metal layer, wherein the bottom metal layer is connected to the top metal layer by an array of metal posts, and wherein the array of metal posts is arranged to form a substrate integrated waveguide network configured to transmit a set of electromagnetic waves corresponding to a single-ended signal represented according to a bandwidth. Furthermore, in an aspect, the device can comprise a coaxial to waveguide adaptor component comprising a coaxial cable port portion and a waveguide port portion, wherein the waveguide port portion guides the set of electromagnetic waves to the substrate integrated waveguide network. 1. A device , comprising:a printed circuit board component that comprises a bottom metal layer and a top metal layer, wherein the bottom metal layer is connected to the top metal layer by an array of metal posts, and wherein the array of metal posts is arranged to form a substrate integrated waveguide network configured to transmit a set of electromagnetic waves corresponding to a single-ended signal represented according to a bandwidth;a coaxial to waveguide adaptor component comprising a coaxial cable port portion and a waveguide port portion, wherein the waveguide port portion guides the set of electromagnetic waves to the substrate integrated waveguide network; anda first coaxial terminal and a second coaxial terminal that couple a first subset and a second subset of electromagnetic waves of the set of electromagnetic waves thereby generating a transformed set of electromagnetic waves corresponding to an impedance bandwidth based on geometric parameters of the device.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the first distance between the first coaxial terminal and the second coaxial terminal is configured to be changed.3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:a first circular window component and a ...

FACILITATION OF INCREASED BANDWIDTH FOR A LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER

Amplifiers can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, amplifier performance is of importance. A low noise amplifier can be interfaced after an antenna or a band-select filter as a first active stage, in a receiver since its bandwidth characteristics can be closely related to a system data rate. A bandwidth enhancement technique can be leverage for low noise amplifiers by embedding a transformer between a gate and a drain terminal of a common gate transistor in a cascode topology. The embedded transformer can introduce an additional high-frequency conjugate zero pair, which can push the gain rolling-off start-up point to a higher frequency, peak the higher frequency gain, and broaden the low noise amplifier gain bandwidth. 1. An apparatus , comprising: a first gate;', 'a first drain terminal; and', 'a first source terminal;, 'a first transistor, comprising a second gate;', 'a second drain terminal; and', 'a second source terminal; wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are, 'a second transistor, comprisingarranged in a cascode topology;a transformer, wherein the transformer is embedded between the second gate and the second drain terminal of the second transistor;an inductor; anda capacitor, wherein the inductor and the capacitor form an inductance capacitance pair, and wherein the inductor and the capacitor are connected in parallel.23-. (canceled)4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the inductance capacitance pair is configured to achieve wideband input matching.5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the inductance capacitance pair is located at an input node.6. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the inductance capacitance pair is configured to work as a bandpass filter forming two resonant points at low and high frequency.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first transistor is an n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the second transistor is an n-type metal- ...

DIFFERENTIAL PLANAR APERTURE ANTENNA

A planar differential aperture antenna that has a high gain and wide bandwidth at a millimeter wave band is provided. The differential aperture antenna has a cavity within it that has a height of roughly a quarter of a wavelength of the desired transmission band. The cavity is H-shaped, and has a cross shaped patch within the cavity that is fed differentially by two grounded coplanar waveguides. Two ends of the patch extend towards the ports on either side of the differential aperture antenna, and the other two ends of the patch extend into the cavity lobes, perpendicular with respect to the ports.

Wideband Frequency Tunable Ring Resonator

The present invention provides a wideband frequency tunable ring resonator, wherein, comprises a closed λ/2 transmission line and two variable capacitors with tunable capacitance, the λ/2 transmission line is axisymmetric around a central line, first ends of the two variable capacitors are respectively connected to two intersection points of the λ/2 transmission line and the central line, the second ends of the two variable capacitors are respectively grounded. By implementing the technical solution of present invention, following technical effects are obtained. The fundamental resonant frequency (f) can be shifted up and down by controlling the respective values of the two loading capacitors, resulting in a bi-directional tuning of f. As a result, the tuning range of this invention can be approximately doubled as compared with the conventional tunable ring resonator. 1. A wideband frequency tunable ring resonator , comprising a closed λ/2 transmission line and two variable capacitors with tunable capacitance , wherein , the λ/2 transmission line is axisymmetric around a central line , first ends of the two variable capacitors are respectively connected to two intersection points of the λ/2 transmission line and the central line , the second ends of the two variable capacitors are respectively grounded.2. The wideband frequency tunable ring resonator according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the closed λ/2 transmission line is connected as a square.3. The wideband frequency tunable ring resonator according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the closed λ/2 transmission line is connected as a circle.4. The wideband frequency tunable ring resonator according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the variable capacitor comprises a varactor diode and a DC block capacitor connected in series.5. The wideband frequency tunable ring resonator according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the variable capacitor is a semiconductor diode or a semiconductor transistor with capacitance varying ...

MULTIPLE-WAY RING CAVITY POWER COMBINER AND DIVIDER

Multiple-way ring cavity power combiners and power dividers are disclosed. In one aspect, the disclosed ring cavity power combiners and power dividers can support a large number of devices by providing a large number of power-combining or power-dividing ports. In another aspect, the disclosed embodiments describe implementations employing a ring cavity that result in demonstrated performance characteristics suitable for UWB applications. Advantages provided include suppressing higher order modes and low losses among other advantages. 1. A method of power combining , comprising:transmitting a plurality of radio frequency (RF) signals through a plurality of connectors, wherein the plurality of RF signals are transmitted through respective connectors of the plurality of connectors;coupling the plurality of RF signals to a ring cavity by a plurality of probes associated with the plurality of connectors;combining the plurality of RF signals in the ring cavity thereby creating a combined RF signal; andtransmitting the combined RF signal from the ring cavity to an output port through an impedance matching circuit.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmitting the plurality of RF signals includes transmitting the plurality of RF signals through at least one of a type-N connector claim 1 , a subminiature version A (type-SMA) connector claim 1 , or a coaxial connector.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coupling the plurality of RF signals to the ring cavity by the plurality of probes includes coupling the plurality of RF signals to the ring cavity by the plurality of probes of having at least one of equal spacing around the ring cavity claim 1 , identical shape claim 1 , identical size claim 1 , or probe length defined by λ/4 claim 1 , where λis a wavelength at central frequency for a predetermined application of the power combining4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coupling the plurality of RF signals to the ring cavity by the plurality of probes includes ...

ELECTRONIC APPARATUS WITH CONNECTION CABLE AND EARPHONE/EAR PLUG MANAGEMENT

There is provided an electronic apparatus having a main body, an ear phone and a connection cable with a substantial length for connecting the ear phone to the main body. The apparatus is provided with a device to releasably secure the earphone and/or the connection cable to the apparatus to minimize the connection cable from tangling up, and wherein the securing device has i) a mounting means having a surrounding wall defining a first cavity with a width slightly larger than the width of the connection cable for releasably mounting a section of the connection cable to the apparatus and/or ii) a recess for releasably securing the ear phone to the apparatus. 1. An electronic apparatus comprising a main body , an ear phone and a connection cable with a substantial length for connecting the ear phone to the main body , wherein the apparatus further comprises a device to releasably secure the ear phone and/or the connection cable to the apparatus to minimize the connection cable from tangling up , and wherein the securing device includes i) a mounting means having a surrounding wall defining a first cavity with a width slightly larger than the width of the connection cable for releasably mounting a section of the connection cable to the apparatus and/or ii) a recess for releasably securing the ear phone to the apparatus.2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein part of the surrounding wall takes the form of a flexible or resilient finger which claim 1 , in use claim 1 , is adapted to flex slightly to facilitate the section of the connection cable entering or exiting from the first cavity.3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the mounting means is claim 2 , or is alternatively claim 2 , provided with a surrounding wall defining a second cavity with a width large enough to accommodate two sections of the connection cable.4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , where the first and second cavities are adjacent each other and separated by a divider.5. An ...

TRANSMISSION LINE AND METHODS FOR FABRICATING THEREOF

A transmission line comprising a transmission medium defined by a plurality of dielectric layers, wherein the dielectric layers include a first layer having a first dielectric constant, a second layer having a second dielectric constant and a third layer having a third dielectric constant being less than the first and second dielectric constant. 1. A transmission line comprising: a first layer having a first dielectric constant;', 'a second layer having a second dielectric constant and', 'a third layer having a third dielectric constant being less than the first and second dielectric constant., 'a transmission medium defined by a plurality of dielectric layers, wherein the dielectric layers include2. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the third layer is disposed between the first and second layer.3. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein each of the dielectric layers is non-metallic.4. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the transmission medium is arranged to transmit a wave signal.5. A transmission line in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the wave signal is an electromagnetic signal with a frequency range in a microwave range claim 4 , a millimeter-wave range or a submillimeter-wave range.6. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the first dielectric constant is equal to the second dielectric constant.7. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the first layer is a strip.8. A transmission line in accordance with claim 7 , wherein:the first and second dielectric constant is 10.2;the third dielectric constant is 2.94;the first and second layer have a thickness of 1.27 mm;the third layer has a thickness of 0.381 mm;the strip has a width of 5 mm; andthe second and third layer have a width of 50 mm.9. A transmission line in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the third layer is a layer of air defined by a gap between the first and second layer.11. A wave guide comprising: a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A POWER AMPLIFIER AND A LOAD MODULATION NETWORK

A system and method for operating a power amplifier comprising the steps of determining a first impedance generated by a first amplifier component of the power amplifier, determining a second impedance generated by a second amplifier component of the power amplifier, and, adjusting the first impedance or the second impedance to an optimal impedance condition by altering a current ratio of a current delivered by the first amplifier component and a current delivered by the second amplifier component. 1. A method for operating a power amplifier comprising the steps of:determining a first impedance generated by a first amplifier component of the power amplifier;determining a second impedance generated by a second amplifier component of the power amplifier; and,adjusting the first impedance or the second impedance to an optimal impedance condition by altering a current ratio of a current delivered by the first amplifier component and a current delivered by the second amplifier component.2. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the optimal impedance condition is for a high power operation region of the first amplifier component.3. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the optimal impedance condition is for a high power operation region of the second amplifier component.4. A method in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the optimal impedance condition is reached when the first impedance is substantially matched to an impedance of an output load.5. A method in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the second impedance is substantially matched to the impedance of the output load.6. A method in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the power amplifier includes one or more impedance transformers associated with the first amplifier component arranged to adjust the first impedance.7. A method in accordance with claim 6 , wherein the one or more impedance transformers associated with the first amplifier component is connected with the first amplifier.8. A method in ...

High Gain And Wideband Complementary Antenna

An antenna is disclosed as including at least one dipole connected with at least one shorted patch antenna, and at least two feeding sources. 1. An antenna including at least one dipole connected with at least one shorted patch antenna , and at least two feeding sources.2. The antenna according to wherein said feeding sources are balun sources.3. The antenna according to wherein said balun sources are in phase with each other.4. The antenna according to wherein each said balun source is adapted claim 2 , in operation claim 2 , to generate one electric dipole and one magnetic dipole.5. The antenna according to wherein said at least two feeding sources are of identical magnitudes.6. The antenna according to wherein said at least one shorted patch antenna includes two metal plates and a ground plate.7. The antenna according to wherein said metal plates are substantially perpendicular to said ground plate.8. The antenna according to wherein said ground plane is substantially parallel to said at least one dipole.9. The antenna according to wherein said at least one dipole is connected with said at least one shorted patch antenna via said two metal plates.10. The antenna according to wherein said at least one shorted antenna patch is electrically connected to a metal ground plane.11. The antenna according to wherein said ground plane of said at least one shorted antenna patch is spaced apart from said metal ground plane.12. The antenna according to wherein said at least one shorted antenna patch is physically connected to a metal reflector plate.13. The antenna according to wherein said ground plane of said at least one shorted antenna patch is spaced apart from said metal reflector plate.14. The antenna according to wherein said ground plane of said at least one shorted antenna patch has two elongate plates joined with each other at their substantially middle portion and spaced apart from each other by a slot at or adjacent each of their longitudinal ends.15. The antenna ...

PHASED ARRAY, A COHERENT SOURCE ARRAY, AN ANTENNA ARRAY AND A SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING THEREOF

A system for controlling a multi-element antenna array comprising a plurality of elements each arranged to receive a signal from a signal source, wherein each of the plurality of elements includes a frequency locking module arranged to lock the frequency of the signal received by each of the elements, and, a phase control module being in communication with each of the frequency locking modules to control the phase of the signal received by each of the elements. 1. A system for controlling a multi-element antenna array comprising:a plurality of elements each arranged to receive a signal from a signal source, wherein each of the plurality of elements includes a frequency locking module arranged to lock the frequency of the signal received by each of the elements; and,a phase control module being in communication with each of the frequency locking modules to control the phase of the signal received by each of the elements.2. A system in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the phase control module is arranged to control the phase of the signal received by each of the elements by:determining a phase adjustment value for each of the signals received by each of the elements; and,applying the low cost phase adjustment value to shift the phase of the signal.3. A system in accordance with claim 2 , wherein the phase control module uses a phase shifting circuit to shift the phase of the signal to generate a phase shifted signal.4. A system in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the phase adjustment value is determined by using a phase difference determined by comparing the phase of the signals of two or more elements of the multi-element antenna array.5. A system in accordance with claim 4 , wherein the two or more elements are adjacent to each other in the multi-element antenna array.6. A system in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the phase shifting circuit feeds the phase shifted signal back into the frequency locking module.7. A system in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a ...

Microstrip line filter

A microstrip line filter comprising a coupling mechanism arranged to couple a first resonator and a second resonator, wherein the coupling mechanism includes a shared metallic coupling member arranged to have a predetermined dimension associated with an operation characteristics of the first and second resonators.

IMPEDANCE MATCHING ARRANGEMENT FOR AN AMPLIFIER

An impedance matching arrangement for an amplifier includes first and second metallic transmission lines arranged on a ground plane, the first metallic transmission line being connected with a first power amplification stage of the amplifier, the second metallic transmission line being connected with a second power amplification stage of the amplifier; wherein the first and second metallic transmission lines are electrically coupled for transmitting an RF signal amplified by the first power amplification stage to the second power amplification stage. 1. An impedance matching arrangement for an amplifier , comprising:first and second metallic transmission lines arranged on a ground plane, the first metallic transmission line being connected with a first power amplification stage of the amplifier, the second metallic transmission line being connected with a second power amplification stage of the amplifier;wherein the first and second metallic transmission lines are electrically coupled for transmitting an RF signal amplified by the first power amplification stage to the second power amplification stage; wherein the first and second metallic transmission lines together define a first coupled section at one end thereof, a second coupled section at another end thereof, and an uncoupled section between the first and second coupled sections.2. (canceled)3. The impedance matching arrangement in accordance with claim 1 , wherein the RF signal is transmitted from the first metallic transmission line to the second metallic transmission line through the first coupled section and/or the second coupled section.4. The impedance matching arrangement in accordance with claim 3 , wherein the impedance matching arrangement is at least partly RF shorted such that substantially no RF signal is transmitted from the second transmission line to the first transmission line.5. The impedance matching arrangement in accordance with claim 1 , wherein separations between the first and second ...

WIDE BANDPASS FILTERING POWER AMPLIFIER

A wide bandpass filtering power amplifier using discriminating coupling is disclosed, which comprises a DC bias circuit, an input impedance matching circuit, a transistor and an output impedance matching circuit. The DC bias circuit is connected to the input impedance matching circuit which is further connected to the transistor, and the transistor is further connected to the output impedance matching circuit which comprises a tuning microstrip line and a bandpass filter. The complexity and the area of the impedance matching circuit in the power amplifier are effectively reduced. At the same time, the filtering PA has good frequency selectivity by using the discriminating coupling BPF. Meanwhile the work efficiency and bandwidth of the filtering power amplifier are effectively improved by taking both of the extended continuous mode theory and filter synthesis theory into account. 1. A wide bandpass filtering power amplifier comprising a DC bias circuit , an input impedance matching circuit , a transistor and an output impedance matching circuit , wherein the DC bias circuit is connected to the input impedance matching circuit which is further connected to the transistor , and the transistor is further connected to the output impedance matching circuit which comprising a tuning microstrip line and a bandpass filter , wherein the tuning microstrip line is connected between the transistor and the bandpass filter.2. The wide bandpass filtering power amplifier according to claim 1 , wherein the bandpass filter comprises a first resonator and a second resonator parallelly coupled with each other.3. The wide bandpass filtering power amplifier according to claim 2 , wherein the first resonator comprises a first short end and a first open end claim 2 , and the second resonator comprises a second short end and a second open end claim 2 , wherein the first resonator has a coupling region of ⅔ L1 starting from the first short end and the second resonator has a coupling region ...

Facilitation of increased locking range transistors

Transistors can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, transistor efficiency and performance is of importance. An apparatus is presented herein to increase the locking range of transistors by leveraging cross-coupled injection transistors in conjunction with symmetry injection transistors. The transistor efficiency can also be increase by reducing a parasitic capacitance associated with the components of the transistor.

Millimeter wave filtering antenna and wireless communication device

A millimeter wave filtering antenna and a wireless communication device are disclosed. The millimeter wave filtering antenna includes a parasitic unit, a feeding unit and a feeding network. The parasitic unit includes at least one quadrilateral parasitic patch and at least one cross shaped parasitic patch, both of which are nested and combined with each other. The feeding unit includes a feeding patch, and the feeding patch is loaded with a short-circuit patch to form coupling. The feeding network feeds the feeding unit. The wireless communication device includes a millimeter wave filtering antenna according to the present disclosure. The radiation performance of the antenna can not only realize the filtering characteristics with high roll-off and high isolation, but also ensure that no additional insertion loss is introduced.

Electronic apparatus for use in a communication system

A system and method of an electronic apparatus for use in a communication system includes a switching module arranged to combine a plurality of input signals received by a plurality of input ports in connection with the switching module to define a combined input signal having a plurality of frequency components; and a loading module arranged to receive the combined input signal from the switching module and to individually separate each of the plurality of frequency components of the combined input signal by processing the combined input signal with a plurality of resonating networks, each arranged to resonate at a resonance frequency associated with each of the plurality of frequency components of the combined input signals.

DUAL-POLARIZED WIDE-STOPBAND FILTERING ANTENNA AND COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE

The present invention discloses a dual-polarized wide-stopband filtering antenna and a communications device, the antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a metal ground plate, a metal radiating patch, metal feeding arms, a metal square ring stub, metal transverse stubs, and metal probes, wherein the dielectric substrate is a rectangular cavity structure, the metal ground plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and the metal radiating patch is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the dielectric substrate; the metal transverse stubs and the metal square ring stub are located inside the rectangular cavity and are connected on the same layer; the metal feeding arms are located between the metal square ring stub and the metal radiating patch; one end of the metal probe and a circular hole disposed on the metal ground plate form a coaxial feeding structure, and the other end of the metal probe is linked with the midpoint of the metal transverse stub and it is simultaneously connected to one end of the metal feeding arm to form a dual-polarized differential feeding structure; and the metal probes are connected to the metal transverse stubs. The antenna has a simple structure, can greatly reduce the volume of a radio frequency front end, and has no additional insertion loss. 1. A dual-polarized wide-stopband filtering antenna , comprising a dielectric substrate , a metal ground plate , a metal radiating patch , metal feeding arms , a metal square ring stub , metal transverse stubs , and metal probes , wherein the dielectric substrate is a rectangular cavity structure , the metal ground plate is disposed on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate , and the metal radiating patch is disposed in the middle of the top surface of the dielectric substrate; the metal transverse stubs and the metal square ring stub are located inside the rectangular cavity and are connected on the same layer; the metal feeding arms are located between ...

MULTI-MODE VOLTAGE CONTROLLED OSCILLATION DEVICE AND WIRELESS TRANSCEIVER

The present disclosure relates to a multi-mode voltage controlled oscillation device and a wireless transceiver. The multi-mode voltage controlled oscillation device includes an oscillation core circuit and at least four resonance circuits. Each of the resonance circuits includes two input ends and one power supply end. The two input ends of each of the resonance circuits are respectively connected to an output end of the oscillation core circuit, and the power supply end of each of the resonance circuits is configured to be connected to a power supply. The multi-mode voltage controlled oscillation device provided by the present disclosure is formed by connecting the oscillation core circuit with each resonance circuit and connecting the resonance circuits with each other, with a simple structure, a tight connection, and a small area. 1. A multi-mode voltage controlled oscillation device , comprising:an oscillation core circuit; a first inductor having a first first inductor end coupled to the first oscillation core circuit output end;', 'a second inductor having a first second inductor end coupled to the second oscillation core circuit output end, and a second second inductor end coupled to a second first inductor end;', 'a third inductor having a first third inductor end coupled to the second second inductor end, and a second third inductor end coupled to the power supply;', 'a first capacitor having a first first capacitor end coupled to a first first inductor end, and a second first capacitor end that is grounded; and', 'a second capacitor having a first second capacitor end coupled to the first second inductor end, and a second second capacitor end that is grounded;, 'a first resonance circuit having a first first resonance circuit input end coupled to a first oscillation core circuit output end, a second first resonance circuit input end coupled to a second oscillation core circuit output end, and a first resonance circuit power supply end coupled to a power ...

SILVER PASTE FOR SOLAR CELL AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

A silver paste includes silver powder having a weight percentage of about 39% to about 60%, organic carrier having a weight percentage of about 35% to about 60%; and inorganic glass phase having a weight percentage of about 1% to about 5%. The inorganic glass phase includes a primary glass phase and inorganic additives. The primary glass phase includes bismuth oxide having a weight percentage of 10% to 40% in the inorganic glass phase, aluminum oxide having a weight percentage of 20% to 60% in the inorganic glass phase, and silicon oxide having a weight percentage of 10% to 30% in the inorganic glass phase. 1. A silver paste comprising:silver powder having a weight percentage of about 39% to about 60%;organic carrier having a weight percentage of about 35% to about 60%; andinorganic glass phase having a weight percentage of about 1% to about 5%, the inorganic glass phase comprising a primary glass phase and inorganic additives, the primary glass phase comprising bismuth oxide having a weight percentage of about 10% to about 40% in the inorganic glass phase, aluminium oxide having a weight percentage of about 20% to about 60% in the inorganic glass phase, and silicon oxide having a weight percentage of about 10% to about 30% in the inorganic glass phase; the inorganic additives comprising at least two selected from a group consisting of copper oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, manganese oxide, antimony oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium oxide, tin oxide, and nickel oxide.2. The silver paste of claim 1 , wherein in the inorganic glass phase claim 1 , the copper oxide has a weight percentage of about 0% to about 10% claim 1 , the zinc oxide has a weight percentage of about 0% to about 40% claim 1 , the titanium oxide has a weight percentage of about 0% to about 5% claim 1 , the manganese oxide has a weight percentage of about 0% to about 10% claim 1 , the antimony oxide has a weight percentage of about 0% to about 1% claim 1 , the magnesium oxide has a weight percentage ...

N-WAY COAXIAL WAVEGUIDE POWER DIVIDER/COMBINER

A low loss and compact power divider/combiner is provided for high power efficiency. The power divider/combiner can be an N-way coaxial-waveguide cavity power divider/combiner with good characteristics of low loss and compact size. The power divider/combiner can be comprised of a coaxial common port, a radial-waveguide cavity, and N-way probe outputs. In various embodiments, the power divider/combiner can have a plurality of probe outputs that are equally spaced radially around an axis on which the coaxial common port is located. The radial-waveguide cavity and N-way probe outputs can be fabricated on a substrate board using printed circuit technology. In addition, the power divider/combiner can have reversed probe outputs which provide for 180 degree out of phase outputs between the probe outputs. 1. A power divider/combiner , comprising:a dielectric substrate between an upper metal sheet and a lower metal sheet;metal connectors that link the upper metal sheet and the lower metal sheet forming a cavity within the dielectric substrate with ports formed in the cavity, wherein the ports are substantially radially symmetrical around a circumference of the cavity; anda coaxial common port that is formed in an axis of the cavity, perpendicular to the ports.2. The power divider/combiner of claim 1 , wherein the ports are communicably coupled to peripheral transmission lines.3. The power divider/combiner of claim 1 , wherein the coaxial common port and the ports are connected to their respective transmission lines via coaxial radio frequency connectors.4. The power divider/combiner of claim 1 , wherein a power output of a transmission at a port of the ports is a function of a number of ports.5. The power divider/combiner of claim 2 , wherein the peripheral transmission lines are grounded coplanar waveguides.6. The power divider/combiner of claim 1 , wherein a transmission received at the coaxial common port is transmitted to the ports based on an orientation of probes ...

Facilitation of increased locking range transistors

Transistors can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, transistor efficiency and performance is of importance. An apparatus is presented herein to increase the locking range of transistors by leveraging cross-coupled injection transistors in conjunction with symmetry injection transistors. The transistor efficiency can also be increase by reducing a parasitic capacitance associated with the components of the transistor.

PATCH ANTENNA

A patch antenna is disclosed as comprising a circular patch and a circular ground plane. The patch and the ground plane are spaced apart from each other by a substrate made of a dielectric material, with the antenna being shorted concentrically by a certain number of conductive vias. 1. A patch antenna comprising:a patch, anda ground plane,wherein said patch and said ground plane are spaced apart from each other by a substrate made of a dielectric material, andwherein said antenna is shorted substantially concentrically by a plurality of conductive vias.2. The patch antenna according to wherein said patch and said ground plane are substantially circular.3. The patch antenna according to wherein said conductive vias are substantially concentrically and substantially equi-angularly disposed with respect to a centre of said antenna.4. The patch antenna according to wherein said antenna is shorted by nineteen conductive vias.5. The patch antenna according to wherein said antenna is fed at its centre by a 50Ω coaxial transmission line.6. The patch antenna according to wherein said antenna is adapted to work in a band from substantially 2.06 GHz to substantially 2.46 GHz.7. The patch antenna according to wherein the thickness of said substrate is about 0.024 wavelengths with respect to the mean of its working frequency.8. The patch antenna according to wherein the thickness of said substrate is substantially 3.17 mm.9. The patch antenna according to wherein said substrate has a dielectric constant of substantially 2.33. This invention relates to a patch antenna, in particular a patch antenna suitable (but not exclusively) for use in telecommunications.Monopole antennae are widely used in telecommunications. However, conventional monopole antennae usually have a high profile of quarter wavelengths, which is too high for some devices or applications that only have a limited space for housing an antenna.It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a patch antenna ...

Patch antenna

A patch antenna is disclosed as including a rectangular patch and a rectangular ground plane parallel to and spaced apart from the patch by a sheet of dielectric material. The patch has a first longer side and a second longer side which are opposite to each other and a first shorter side and a second shorter side which are opposite to each other. A first row of vias is provided adjacent the first longer side of the patch, a second row of vias being provided adjacent the second longer side of the patch, a third row of vias being provided adjacent the first shorter side of the patch, and a fourth row of vias being provided adjacent the second shorter side of the patch. Each via extends through the patch, the sheet of dielectric material and the ground plane to short the antenna.

Power amplifier

A power amplifier comprising a plurality of primary amplifying channels arranged to each receive an input signal from one or more signal sources for generating a primary amplified output in each of the plurality of primary amplifying channels, a secondary amplifying channel in communication with the one or more signal sources wherein the secondary amplifying channel is arranged to receive one or more signal components each associated with the input signal received by each of the plurality of primary amplifying channels to form a merged input signal for generating a secondary amplified output, and an electric junction arrangement being in electrical communication with the primary amplified output of each of the primary amplifying channels and the secondary amplified output of the secondary amplifying channel.

Broadband Dual-Polarization Filtering Base Station Antenna Unit, Base Station Antenna Array and Communication Device

The invention discloses a broadband dual-polarization filtering base station antenna unit, a base station antenna array and a communication device, the antenna unit comprising four dipole arms, four parasitic branches and a feed structure, wherein two of the dipole arms are arranged oppositely, the other two dipoles are also arranged oppositely, the four dipole arms correspond to the four parasitic branches respectively, each dipole arm is coupled to a corresponding parasitic branch, the feed structure is connected with the four dipole arms; the antenna array comprising at least two antenna units described above; the communication device comprising the antenna unit described above, or comprising the antenna array described above. Not only the radiation performance of the present invention may achieve high roll-off filtering characteristics and high polarization isolation, but also to a great extent ensuring that no introduction of additional insertion loss and occupied area caused by redundant structures, and the bandwidth may be expanded, the height reduced, and a stable pattern in a wide frequency band is achieved. 1. A broadband dual-polarization filtering base station antenna unit , characterized in that , comprising four dipole arms , four parasitic branches and a feed structure , wherein two of the dipole arms are arranged oppositely , the other two dipoles are also arranged oppositely , the four dipole arms correspond to the four parasitic branches respectively , each dipole arm is coupled to a corresponding parasitic branch , the feed structure is connected with the four dipole arms.2. The broadband dual-polarization filtering base station antenna unit according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , a size of each dipole arm is used to control a frequency position of an upper stopband radiation null claim 1 , and a size of each parasitic branch is used to control a frequency position of a lower stopband radiation null claim 1 , a coupling amount ...

CHIP-AND-PACKAGE DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA

Systems and methods which provide an antenna in a chip-and-package distributed configuration as disclosed. Chip-and-package distributed antenna configurations of embodiments comprise an on-chip integrated circuit component and an in-package component. For example, embodiments of a chip-and-package distributed antenna comprise an exciting element on chip (i.e., formed as an integrated component in an integrated circuit die) and a primary radiator in package (i.e., disposed within an package while being external to the integrated circuit die). The on-chip exciting element may be configured to excite electromagnetic waves and to provide relatively wide bandwidth operation while occupying a relatively small area of the die. The in-package primary radiator may be configured to leverage the relatively large space in the integrated circuit product package to enhance the gain and/or configure the radiation pattern of RF signals with respect to the exciting element. 1. A chip-and-package distributed antenna comprising:one or more exciting elements integrated in an integrated circuit chip of an integrated circuit product, wherein the integrated circuit product comprises the integrated circuit chip and a package housing the integrated circuit chip; anda primary radiator disposed in the package and external to the integrated circuit chip.2. The chip-and-package distributed antenna of claim 1 , wherein the primary radiator is attached to either a backside or a frontside of the integrated circuit chip.3. The chip-and-package distributed antenna of claim 1 , wherein the primary radiator comprises a low-temperature co-fire ceramic (LTCC) material.4. The chip-and-package distributed antenna of claim 1 , wherein the one or more exciting elements comprise a slot-antenna element configuration.5. The chip-and-package distributed antenna of claim 4 , wherein a slot of the slot-antenna element configuration is tapered.6. The chip-and-package distributed antenna of claim 5 , wherein the ...

Apparatus and a method for electromagnetic signal transition

An apparatus and a method for electromagnetic signal transition, comprising the steps of receiving an electromagnetic signal having a first physical characteristic arranged to be compatible for the electromagnetic signal to be transmitted on a transmission structure, and transmitting the electromagnetic signal to a substrate integrated waveguide, wherein during the transmission of the electromagnetic signal to the substrate integrated waveguide, the first physical characteristic is converted to a second physical characteristic arranged to be compatible for the electromagnetic signal to be transmitted on the substrate integrated waveguide.

CIRCULARLY POLARIZED PLANAR APERTURE ANTENNA WITH HIGH GAIN AND WIDE BANDWIDTH FOR MILLIMETER-WAVE APPLICATION

An antenna (e.g., circularly polarized (CP) planar aperture antenna) is presented herein. An antenna can include an opening cavity and a patch section within a perimeter of the opening cavity. The patch section can have crossed patch in a windmill shape. The opening cavity can have a windmill shape. The patch section can be fed differentially via grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW). The antenna can be formed in a single layer substrate and can be 180° rotationally symmetric about its center. A height of the opening cavity can be quarter-wavelength at operating frequency and a diameter of the opening cavity can be larger than one wavelength at operating frequency. 1. An antenna , comprising: a patch section; and', 'an opening cavity surrounding portions of the patch section., 'a substrate comprising2. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the patch section is a crossed-patch.3. The antenna of claim 2 , wherein the crossed patch is shaped in the form of a windmill.4. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the opening cavity is shaped in the form of a windmill.5. The antenna of claim 4 , wherein the opening cavity comprises a two cavity sections on opposite sides of the patch section that respectively surround a half of the patch section.6. The antenna of claim 1 , opening cavity is configured to generate circularly polarized radiation.7. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the antenna is 180 degrees rotationally symmetric about a center of the antenna.8. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein the opening cavity operates as a physical aperture of the antenna through which energy is radiated.9. The antenna of claim 8 , wherein the patch section transmits the energy into and within the opening cavity.10. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein respective shapes and dimensions of the opening cavity and patch section are selected to tune an electric field distribution within the opening cavity.11. The antenna of claim 1 , wherein respective shapes and dimensions of the opening cavity and patch ...

CIRCULARLY POLARIZED ANTENNA

A circularly polarized antenna exhibiting a high performance characteristic can be produced by utilizing a ground plane, a half-loop, and an electric dipole in a predetermined configuration. The circularly polarized antenna can provide benefits, such as wide axial ratio bandwidth, high gain, and simple structure, over other unidirectional circularly polarized antennas. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a half-loop of a half-loop plane perpendicularly connected to a ground of a ground plane, wherein the half-loop comprises an open circuit comprising a first half-loop end and a second half-loop end; andan electric dipole situated parallel to the ground plane and situated perpendicularly to the half-loop plane, wherein the first half-loop end connects to a first end of the electric dipole and the second half-loop end connects to a second end of the electric dipole.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric dipole comprises a length of about a half of a free space wavelength.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric dipole comprises a height of about a quarter of a free space wavelength.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric dipole is a bowtie electric dipole arranged in a bowtie configuration.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the half-loop comprises a semi-circular shape.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the half-loop comprises a rectangular shape.7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ground is flat or substantially flat.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ground comprises a corner reflector.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the half-loop and electric dipole are shunt fed.10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the half-loop and electric dipole are series fed.11. A method claim 1 , comprising:facilitating a first electric dipole current along a first electric dipole of a device;facilitating an image of the first electric dipole current with regards to a ground plane of the device, wherein the first electric dipole current ...

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE MODE TRANSDUCER

Electromagnetic (EM) mode transition or transducer structures and related devices, techniques, and methods are described. An exemplary EM mode transition or transducer structure can comprise a waveguide cavity section configured to transmit a transverse electric mode 20 (TE) mode of the EM waves. An exemplary EM mode transition can further comprise a fundamental mode rejection section configured to suppress or reflect a transverse electric mode 10 (TEmode) and a transverse electric mode 30 (TE) mode of the EM waves. 1. A device , comprising:an electromagnetic (EM) mode transducer comprising:a waveguide cavity section; and{'sub': '20', 'a fundamental mode rejection section, wherein the EM mode transducer is configured as an EM mode transition between a fundamental mode transmission line and a transverse electric mode 20 (TEmode) waveguide.'}2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the fundamental mode transmission line comprises at least one of a microstrip transmission line claim 1 , strip line claim 1 , a waveguide claim 1 , or a coplanar waveguide.3. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:a first port configured to connect the fundamental mode transmission line to the waveguide cavity section of the EM mode transducer, wherein the waveguide cavity section comprises an over-moded waveguide cavity section configured to propagate or excite more than one mode of EM waves over a selected frequency range.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the over-moded waveguide cavity section is configured for TEmode transmission.5. The device of claim 3 , wherein the over-moded waveguide cavity section is configured in at least one of a rectangular shape claim 3 , a trapezoidal shape claim 3 , an arc shape claim 3 , or a compound structural shape.6. The device of claim 3 , wherein the over-moded waveguide cavity section comprises at least one stepped transition in a side wall of the over-moded waveguide cavity section.7. The device of claim 3 , wherein the over-moded waveguide cavity ...

Phase-tuning oscillators

Systems and methods which provide oscillator configurations implementing phase rotation (rotated-phase-tuning (RPT)) are described. Embodiments of a RPT oscillator may employ phase interpolation, whereby two current vectors having different phases are superimposed to provide a resultant current vector having a tunable phase to vary a phase shift in a feedback loop of an oscillator circuit and correspondingly tune the oscillation frequency. Phase rotation provided by an RPT oscillator configuration of embodiments inserts a negative phase shift (rotation phase shift) into each of two current branches to rotate the phase shifts of a phase-tuning technique, such as for avoiding phase ambiguity with respect to tunable oscillation frequencies. RPT oscillators of embodiments are varactor-less and are particularly well suited for operation to provide output frequencies in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band.

Multiple-way ring cavity power combiner and divider

Multiple-way ring cavity power combiners and power dividers are disclosed. In one aspect, the disclosed ring cavity power combiners and power dividers can support a large number of devices by providing a large number of power-combining or power-dividing ports. In another aspect, the disclosed embodiments describe implementations employing a ring cavity that result in demonstrated performance characteristics suitable for UWB applications. Advantages provided include suppressing higher order modes and low losses among other advantages.

Antenna network for passive and active signal enhancement

The present invention provides an antenna network for passively or actively enhancing signal transmission or reception of one or more portable transceiver devices. The antenna network includes one or more antennas, each having a coupling portion and a radiating portion, the coupling portion being distributed across a coupling area and the radiating portion being located away from the coupling area, whereby signal transmission or reception of the one or more portable transceiver devices can occur through the radiating portion when the one or more portable transceiver devices are located within the coupling area.

Apparatus and method for controlling the output phase of a VCO

A method and apparatus controlling the output phase of a VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator). The apparatus has a phase locked loop 20 having a first input 21 for receiving a reference signal and a second input 22 for receiving a feedback signal and the output for controlling of a VCO. A phase shifter 50 is provided on the feedback path between the VCO and the second input of the phase locked loop. The phase shifter is arranged for shifting the phase for feedback signal by controlled amount. The phase shifter may be a variable phase shifter for controlling and varying the amount by which the phase feedback signal is shifted.

Self-assembling light-activated metallodrugs

The present invention relates to palladium containing compounds for use in light-activated anticancer treatment. Such molecules are bis-cyclometalated palladium complexes that, once in biological medium or blood, may self-assemble into nanostructures.

Wide bandpass filtering power amplifier

A wide bandpass filtering power amplifier using discriminating coupling is disclosed, which comprises a DC bias circuit, an input impedance matching circuit, a transistor and an output impedance matching circuit. The DC bias circuit is connected to the input impedance matching circuit which is further connected to the transistor, and the transistor is further connected to the output impedance matching circuit which comprises a tuning microstrip line and a bandpass filter. The complexity and the area of the impedance matching circuit in the power amplifier are effectively reduced. At the same time, the filtering PA has good frequency selectivity by using the discriminating coupling BPF. Meanwhile the work efficiency and bandwidth of the filtering power amplifier are effectively improved by taking both of the extended continuous mode theory and filter synthesis theory into account.

Microwave ablation antenna based on spiral slot structure

A microwave ablation antenna based on a spiral slot, including a conical ablation needle head and a semi-rigid coaxial needle rod. A front end of the semi-rigid coaxial needle rod is interconnected with a tail end of the ablation needle head. An outer conductor behind a connection is provided with a plurality of optimizable spiral slots for radiation, and a plurality of annular slots are not formed or formed behind the spiral slots for impedance matching and radiation. Energy is transmitted along a semi-rigid co-axis and is efficiently radiated at the slots.

Differential planar aperture antenna

A planar differential aperture antenna that has a high gain and wide bandwidth at a millimeter wave band is provided. The differential aperture antenna has a cavity within it that has a height of roughly a quarter of a wavelength of the desired transmission band. The cavity is H-shaped, and has a cross shaped patch within the cavity that is fed differentially by two grounded coplanar waveguides. Two ends of the patch extend towards the ports on either side of the differential aperture antenna, and the other two ends of the patch extend into the cavity lobes, perpendicular with respect to the ports.

Circularly polarized planar aperture antenna with high gain and wide bandwidth for millimeter-wave application

An antenna (e.g., circularly polarized (CP) planar aperture antenna) is presented herein. An antenna can include an opening cavity and a patch section within a perimeter of the opening cavity. The patch section can have crossed patch in a windmill shape. The opening cavity can have a windmill shape. The patch section can be fed differentially via grounded co-planar waveguide (GCPW). The antenna can be formed in a single layer substrate and can be 180° rotationally symmetric about its center. A height of the opening cavity can be quarter-wavelength at operating frequency and a diameter of the opening cavity can be larger than one wavelength at operating frequency.

Impedance matching arrangement for an amplifier

An impedance matching arrangement for an amplifier includes first and second metallic transmission lines arranged on a ground plane, the first metallic transmission line being connected with a first power amplification stage of the amplifier, the second metallic transmission line being connected with a second power amplification stage of the amplifier; wherein the first and second metallic transmission lines are electrically coupled for transmitting an RF signal amplified by the first power amplification stage to the second power amplification stage.

Lamp projecting starry sky and nebula generation method thereof

The present invention discloses a lamp projecting a starry sky, which belongs to the field of a projection lamp. The lamp projecting a starry sky comprises at least one beam generator, an interference filter, configured to produce nebula effect, a reflecting mirror, and at least one first lens, the beam generator is placed on a side of the interference filter, the reflecting mirror is placed on the other side of the interference filter, the at least one first lens is located on an emergent light path of the interference filter; the light beam emitted from the interference filter forms a moving and layering nebula projection after passing through the at least one first lens. In the lamp projecting a starry sky provided by the disclosure, after multiple refractions, reflection and refraction, the light beam is magnified by the lens, so that the generated starry sky will not be too bright and dazzling, and the transition of images will have a better softness, which effectively enhances the layering sense of the starry sky.

Quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator circuit with phase shift

A quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator circuit with phase shift includes two voltage-controlled oscillators with the same structure, wherein the two voltage-controlled oscillators are connected to each other through input and output ports, and the two voltage-controlled oscillators respectively include a cross-coupled oscillating circuit, an injection locking circuit, a resonant circuit and a voltage-controlled current source circuit which are electrically connected to each other; and signals are injected through the injection locking circuit and coupled with the oscillating circuit, so as to output a quadrature signal. An oscillator is enabled to operate stably in one mode by means of a simple circuit structure, and a good phase shift can be provided for the resonant circuit in a lower frequency band; and meanwhile, a tuning range of the oscillator is improved without increasing phase noise.

System and method for operating a power amplifier and a load modulation network

A system and method for operating a power amplifier comprising the steps of determining a first impedance generated by a first amplifier component of the power amplifier, determining a second impedance generated by a second amplifier component of the power amplifier, and, adjusting the first impedance or the second impedance to an optimal impedance condition by altering a current ratio of a current delivered by the first amplifier component and a current delivered by the second amplifier component.

Voltage controlled oscillation device and wireless transceiver

The present disclosure provides a voltage controlled oscillation device and a wireless transceiver. The voltage controlled oscillation device includes a resonator, an oscillation core circuit, a switch circuit and a control device. The oscillation core circuit is configured to provide signals of different phases to the resonator. The resonator is configured to generate a plurality of different resonance frequencies. The control device is configured to control the connection/disconnection among ends of the resonator through controlling the switch circuit to be on/off, so that the resonator retains two resonance frequencies from the plurality of different resonance frequencies. The control device is further configured to change the retained two resonance frequencies by controlling the switch circuit to be turn on/off. The resonator is further configured to process two resonance frequencies under action of oscillation core circuit, and output a fundamental signal of one resonance frequency.

Facilitation of increased bandwidth for a low noise amplifier

Amplifiers can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, amplifier performance is of importance. A low noise amplifier can be interfaced after an antenna or a band-select filter as a first active stage, in a receiver since its bandwidth characteristics can be closely related to a system data rate. A bandwidth enhancement technique can be leverage for low noise amplifiers by embedding a transformer between a gate and a drain terminal of a common gate transistor in a cascode topology. The embedded transformer can introduce an additional high-frequency conjugate zero pair, which can push the gain rolling-off start-up point to a higher frequency, peak the higher frequency gain, and broaden the low noise amplifier gain bandwidth.

Transmission line and methods for fabricating thereof

A transmission line comprising a transmission medium defined by a plurality of dielectric layers, wherein the dielectric layers include a first layer having a first dielectric constant, a second layer having a second dielectric constant and a third layer having a third dielectric constant being less than the first and second dielectric constant.

Power transfer device and method

The present invention provides a power transfer device for charging a wireless communication device having a communication bandwidth, and an associated method of transferring power. The device and method of the invention use a spread-spectrum technique to reduce or minimize interference signals within the communication bandwidth and within the power transfer device.

Lamp projecting starry sky and nebula generation method thereof

The present invention discloses a lamp projecting a starry sky, which belongs to the field of a projection lamp. The lamp projecting a starry sky comprises at least one beam generator, an interference filter, configured to produce nebula effect, a reflecting mirror, and at least one first lens, the beam generator is placed on a side of the interference filter, the reflecting mirror is placed on the other side of the interference filter, the at least one first lens is located on an emergent light path of the interference filter; the light beam emitted from the interference filter forms a moving and layering nebula projection after passing through the at least one first lens. In the lamp projecting a starry sky provided by the disclosure, after multiple refractions, reflection and refraction, the light beam is magnified by the lens, so that the generated starry sky will not be too bright and dazzling, and the transition of images will have a better softness, which effectively enhances the layering sense of the starry sky.

Coupling-offset path branch and high-isolation millimeter-wave phased array antenna based on the same

A coupling-offset path branch and a high-isolation millimeter-wave phased array antenna based on the same. The high-isolation millimeter-wave phased array antenna includes a plurality of radiating stacked microstrip patch elements, a shielding metal wall, several coupling-offset path branches, a metal ground plane, a feeding network layer, several ports, wherein the first port is excited, energy of the feeding network layer is coupled to a corresponding radiating stacked microstrip patch element through an I-shaped slot, and the energy is transmitted to the second port adjacent to the first port through an inherent coupling path portion; the coupling-offset path branch is introduced to offset the inherent coupling, thus achieving a high-isolation performance between the first port and the second port. By adopting the simple decoupling branch, the invention can achieve a high-isolation effect in a wide band, improve an active standing-wave ratio and a scanning capability of the array antenna.

Low-profile circularly polarized isoflux antenna module

A low-profile circularly polarized isoflux antenna module is provided, which relates to the field of microelectronic antennas, and provides a solution to solve the contradiction between size and gain in conventional technology. The antenna module includes an antenna array, a substrate, a connection plate, and a feeding plate that are stacked in sequence. The feeding network on the feeding plate is electrically connected to the antenna array through probe passing through the connection plate and the substrate. The antenna array includes two or more concentrically distributed antenna elements, and each antenna element forms mutually independent concentric circularly polarized apertures through feed control. The structure is simple to assemble and easy to process, light in weight, small in size, and low in profile.

Facilitation of increased locking range transistors

Transistors can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, transistor efficiency and performance is of importance. An apparatus is presented herein to increase the locking range of transistors by leveraging cross-coupled injection transistors in conjunction with symmetry injection transistors. The transistor efficiency can also be increase by reducing a parasitic capacitance associated with the components of the transistor.

Digital Pre-Distortion Using Convolutional Neural Networks

This specification relates to an apparatus which stores a machine-learned model including a first neural network block including multiple convolutional neural network layers, a second neural network block including at least one dilated convolutional neural network layer, and a linear transformation block. The apparatus is configured to receive input data representing in-phase and quadrature signals of an input signal that is to be amplified by a power amplifier, to process the received input data using the first neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a first neural network block output, to process the received input data using the second neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a second neural network block output, and to combine, using the linear transformation block, the first neural network block output and the second neural network block output to generate a pre-distorted signal for amplification by the power amplifier.

Phase-tuning oscillators

Systems and methods which provide oscillator configurations implementing phase rotation (rotated-phase-tuning (RPT)) are described. Embodiments of a RPT oscillator may employ phase interpolation, whereby two current vectors having different phases are superimposed to provide a resultant current vector having a tunable phase to vary a phase shift in a feedback loop of an oscillator circuit and correspondingly tune the oscillation frequency. Phase rotation provided by an RPT oscillator configuration of embodiments inserts a negative phase shift (rotation phase shift) into each of two current branches to rotate the phase shifts of a phase-tuning technique, such as for avoiding phase ambiguity with respect to tunable oscillation frequencies. RPT oscillators of embodiments are varactor-less and are particularly well suited for operation to provide output frequencies in the millimeter-wave (mmW) band.

Digital pre-distortion using convolutional neural networks

This specification relates to an apparatus which stores a machine-learned model comprising a first neural network block comprising multiple convolutional neural network layers, a second neural network block comprising at least one dilated convolutional neural network layer, and a linear transformation block. The apparatus is configured to receive input data representing in-phase, I, and quadrature, Q, signals of an input signal that is to be amplified by a power amplifier, to process the received input data using the first neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a first neural network block output, to process the received input data using the second neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a second neural network block output, and to combine, using the linear transformation block, the first neural network block output and the second neural network block output to generate a pre-distorted signal for amplification by the power amplifier.

Stacked loop antenna

A small transceiver device and antenna system has an insulating layer with first and second surfaces. A transmit loop element having transmit loop segments is formed on the first surface. The transmit loop segments are disposed in a transmit zigzag configuration. A receive loop element having receive loop segments is formed on the second surface. The receive loop segments are disposed in a receive zigzag configuration. Each receive loop segment in the receive zigzag configuration is skewed with respect to a closest transmit loop segment disposed in the transmit zigzag configuration. The transmit loop segments can be grouped in two or more transmit zigzag configurations, and the receive loop segments can be grouped in two or more receive zigzag configurations.

Lamp projecting starry sky and nebula generation method thereof

The present invention discloses a lamp projecting a starry sky, which belongs to the field of a projection lamp. The lamp projecting a starry sky comprises at least one beam generator, an interference filter, configured to produce nebula effect, a reflecting mirror, and at least one first lens, the beam generator is placed on a side of the interference filter, the reflecting mirror is placed on the other side of the interference filter, the at least one first lens is located on an emergent light path of the interference filter; the light beam emitted from the interference filter forms a moving and layering nebula projection after passing through the at least one first lens. In the lamp projecting a starry sky provided by the disclosure, after multiple refractions, reflection and refraction, the light beam is magnified by the lens, so that the generated starry sky will not be too bright and dazzling, and the transition of images will have a better softness, which effectively enhances the layering sense of the starry sky. 41 11 12 61 7 81 FIG. 1

Disc press for producing non-baked bricks

A DISC PRESS FOR PRODUCING NON-BAKED BRICKS COMPRISING A FRAME (1) SUPPORTING A FIRST VERTICAL SHAFT (7) AND A PLURALITY OF VERTICAL SIDE SHAFTS (5), A PRESSURE PLATE (6) ARRANGED BETWEEN THE SHAFT (7) AND THE SIDE SHAFTS (5) A ROTATABLE DISC (9) MOUNTED FOR INDEXING ROTATION ABOUT THE FIRST VERTICAL SHAFT (7) BELOW AND CLOSELY ADJACENT THE PRESSURE PLATE (6) AND HAVING AROUND ITS PERIPHERY A PLURALITY OF MOULD RECEIVING CAVITIES (11) ARRANGED TO BE CLOSED BY PRESSURE PLATE (6) IN PREDETERMINED INDEXING POSITIONS, MOULD COMPONENTS (20, 21, 22, 23) RECEIVED WITHIN SAID CAVITIES (11), A COMPRESSION DEVICE (13) ARRANGED BELOW THE DISC FOR COMPRESSING BRICK FORMING MATERIAL WITHIN THE MOULDS (11) AGAINST THE RESISTANCE OF THE PRESSURE PLATE (6), A FEEDING DEVICE (8) FOR FEEDING BRICK MAKING MATERIAL TO THE MOULDS (11) AND DRIVING MEANS FOR DRIVING THE ROTARY DISC (9) AND THE COMPRESSING MEANS (13), WHEREIN THE MOULD COMPONENTS (20, 21, 22, 23) INCLUDE A MOVABLE MOULD BOTTOM (21) WHICH TOGETHER WITH THE PRESSURE PLATE (6) COMPRISES A PRESS FOR COMPACTING THE BRICK MAKING INGREDIENTS AND BELOW THE DISC (9) IS UNDULATING CIRCULAR TRACK ON WHICH RUN BOLSTERS WHICH COOPERATE WITH THE MOULD BOTTOMS (21) TO CONTROL THE POSITION OF THE MOULD BOTTOMS (21) AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE MOULDING CYCLE AND WHEREIN THE COMPRESSING ARRANGEMENT COMPRISES A PRE-COMPRESSION STAGE AND A FINAL COMPRESSING STAGE, IN THE PRE-COMPRESSING STAGE OF WHICH THE BOLSTERS AND THE ASSOCIATED TRACK ARE ARRANGED SUCH THAT INCREASING PRESSURE IS APPLIED TO THE MATERIAL IIN THE MOULD AS THE DISC (9) INDEXES FROM THE MOULD FILLLING STAGE TO THE FINAL COMPRESSION STAGE AND IN THE FINAL COMPRESSION STAGE OF WHICH A BOLSTER IS SUBJECTED TO THE ACTION OF A CRANK DRIVEN RAM (26, 27, 28) WHILE THE DISC (9) IS STATIONARY, AND FURTHER, WHEREIN THE DRIVE FOR DISC (9) IS A RECIPROCATORY CRANK DRIVEN DRIVE (17) WHICH DRIVES AN ANNULAR MEMBER (10) ARRANGED PERIPHERALLY OF DISC (9) AND IS ARRANGED TO ENGAGE AND ROTATE ...

Biochemical ion sensor

Low-profile circularly polarized isoflux antenna module

A low-profile circularly polarized isoflux antenna module is provided, which relates to the field of microelectronic antennas, and provides a solution to solve the contradiction between size and gain in conventional technology. The antenna module includes an antenna array, a substrate, a connection plate, and a feeding plate that are stacked in sequence. The feeding network on the feeding plate is electrically connected to the antenna array through probe passing through the connection plate and the substrate. The antenna array includes two or more concentrically distributed antenna elements, and each antenna element forms mutually independent concentric circularly polarized apertures through feed control. The structure is simple to assemble and easy to process, light in weight, small in size, and low in profile.

[UNK]

Aperture-shared dual-wideband antenna and its design method

An aperture-sharing method for a dual-band aperture-shared antenna. By means of the method, a first dielectric substrate is arranged directly above a floor, a second dielectric substrate is arranged between the floor and the first dielectric substrate; a first meta surface, a first radiation ring, a second radiation ring and a second meta surface are arranged in a first quadrant to a fourth quadrant of the top surface of the first dielectric substrate; a fourth radiation ring, a fourth meta surface, a third meta surface and a third radiation ring are arranged in a first quadrant to a fourth quadrant of the bottom surface of the first dielectric substrate; first high-frequency antenna elements are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the second dielectric substrate; and second high-frequency antenna elements are symmetrically arranged on the bottom surface of the second dielectric substrate. Further disclosed is a dual-band aperture-shared antenna structure.

Dual-band filtering switch based on single quad-mode dielectric resonator

A dual-band filtering switch based on a single quad-mode dielectric resonator (DR) includes: a first printed circuit board (PCB) provided thereon with an input terminal; a second PCB provided thereon with an output terminal; a shielding shell arranged between the first and second PCBs and enclosing a shielding cavity together with the first and second PCBs; and a single quad-mode DR arranged in the shielding cavity. The first and second PCBs each include a feeding layer, a dielectric layer, and a ground layer that are stacked in sequence. The feeding layers of the first and second PCBs each include a microstrip line and a switching circuitry connected to the microstrip line, and the feeding layer is in contact with a surface of the DR to realize a switching function of the filtering switch. The proposed filtering switch feature low loss transmission and high selectivity with dual-band operation, miniaturization with the fewest resonators and friendly-integration, simultaneously.

模仁及其模仁組合

含鎂及鍶之鈣磷化合物及其方法

一種含鎂及鍶之鈣磷化合物及其方法，主要技術在於利用磁攪拌器在蛋殼粉末水溶液中加入酸性溶液和磷酸，並在適當的攪拌時間及攪拌速率下製備生成磷酸鈣溶液，次將該磷酸鈣溶液加入鹼性溶液中以形成一反應物溶液，接著將混合後反應物溶液放至微波產生器進行長晶反應，使奈米晶體析出，本發明之製備方法利用微波輻射能減少雜質產生、成本比其它合成方法低且可控制奈米晶體形貌，只需均勻加熱即可加快反應生成具氫氧基磷灰石的奈米晶體。

The reproduction of alternative forms of light from an object using a digital imaging system

Digital pre-distortion using convolutional neural networks

This specification relates to an apparatus which stores a machine-learned model comprising a first neural network block comprising multiple convolutional neural network layers, a second neural network block comprising at least one dilated convolutional neural network layer, and a linear transformation block. The apparatus is configured to receive input data representing in-phase, I, and quadrature, Q, signals of an input signal that is to be amplified by a power amplifier, to process the received input data using the first neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a first neural network block output, to process the received input data using the second neural network block of the machine learned model to generate a second neural network block output, and to combine, using the linear transformation block, the first neural network block output and the second neural network block output to generate a pre-distorted signal for amplification by the power amplifier.

Sound box and electronic device having the same

擦拭機構及使用該擦拭機構之晶圓殘膠清潔裝置

本發明提供一種擦拭機構及使用該擦拭機構之晶圓殘膠清潔裝置，該擦拭機構，包括：一第一壓抵組件，可受驅動作上下位移；該第一壓抵組件設有微調及連動第一壓抵組件之一移擦頭在X軸向、Y軸向的兩側水平高度的調整組件；一拭材組件，其上繞設有帶狀拭材；該晶圓殘膠清潔裝置 以一機台由龍門軌架分隔出一第一工作區以及一第二工作區；一檢測機構對第一工作區中的待施作工件進行檢視；一取放機構設於該第一工作區；一載台自取放機構承接待施作工件或將待施作工件交付取放機構；該擦拭機構之第一壓抵組件以移擦頭壓抵拭材抵於待施作工件表面進行清潔。

Shared-aperture dual-band dual-polarized antenna array and communication equipment

The invention discloses shared-aperture dual-band dual-polarized antenna array and communication equipment. The antenna array comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a fourth dielectric substrate, and a fifth dielectric substrate. The first dielectric substrate, the second dielectric substrate, and the third dielectric substrate constitute a dielectric substrate group. The dielectric substrate group is provided with a low-frequency antenna element and four high-frequency antenna elements. The low-frequency antenna element is loaded with a filtering structure. The low-frequency antenna element and the high-frequency antenna element are fed by coaxial lines. The fourth dielectric substrate and the fifth dielectric substrate form a dual-function metasurface. When the dual-function metasurface is used as an artificial magnetic conductor reflector, the radiation of the low-frequency antenna element is enhanced in a low profile, and when used as a frequency selective surface, the electromagnetic scattering of the low-frequency antenna element in the high-frequency band is suppressed. Compared with the existing solutions, the present invention is more compact, and maintains high cross-band isolation and stable radiation patterns in dual bands.

Three-dimensional Heterogeneous Integrated Millimeter-wave System Package Structure

The present invention provides a three-dimensional heterogeneous integrated millimeter-wave system package structure, which is composed of an upper antenna board and a lower chip carrier board. The upper antenna board has an integrated structure with an antenna in package and a feed network arranged inside, the lower chip carrier board has a modular structure provided with a first chipset and a second chipset which are heterogeneous integrated, and each chipset comprises a plurality of chips of the same or different processes.

Dual-polarized broadband millimeter-wave filtering antenna based on meta-surface, and communication device

Disclosed in the present disclosure are a dual-polarized broadband millimeter-wave filtering antenna based on a meta-surface, and a communication device. The dual-polarized broadband millimeter-wave filtering antenna based on a meta-surface comprises two layers of dielectric substrates, which are arranged in a stacked manner, wherein an upper surface and a lower surface of a lower-layer dielectric substrate are respectively provided with an upper-layer metal ground and a lower-layer metal ground, an upper surface of an upper-layer dielectric substrate is provided with a meta-surface structure, the meta-surface structure comprises N metal patches, which are arranged in an array, a slot is etched on each metal patch, the upper-layer dielectric substrate is connected to the upper-layer metal ground, and a Jerusalem cross slot is etched on the upper-layer metal ground. The antenna has a simple structure, and radiation and filtering can be realized at the same time without increasing the size of the antenna, thereby greatly reducing the volume of a radio-frequency front end and without any extra insertion loss.

Microspeaker and speaker structure for earphone

Improved speaker structure

Phased array, a coherent source array, an antenna array and a system for controlling thereof

A system for controlling a multi-element antenna array comprising a plurality of elements each arranged to receive a signal from a signal source, wherein each of the plurality of elements includes a frequency locking module arranged to lock the frequency of the signal received by each of the elements, and, a phase control module being in communication with each of the frequency locking modules to control the phase of the signal received by each of the elements.

Terahertz injection-locked radiator

Systems and methods which provide injection-locked circuit configurations for radiating signals in the terahertz frequency range with improved phase noise and signal output power are described. Embodiments of the invention provide an injection-locked terahertz radiator system comprising a half-quadrature voltage controlled oscillator (HQVCO), a plurality of injection-locked frequency quadruplers (ILFQs), and antenna elements. In operation according to embodiments, injection-locking provided by the ILFQs may be utilized to facilitate individual optimization of the output power and the phase noise. Intrinsic-delay compensation and harmonic boosting techniques may be utilized in configurations of the foregoing injection-locked terahertz radiator system to optimize the phase noise of the HQVCO and the output power of the ILFQs, respectively. Embodiments of an injection-locked terahertz radiator system herein are implemented as a fully integrated solution with compact form factor, providing high reliability and low cost.

Microstrip line filter

A microstrip line filter comprising a coupling mechanism arranged to couple a first resonator and a second resonator, wherein the coupling mechanism includes a shared metallic coupling member arranged to have a predetermined dimension associated with an operation characteristics of the first and second resonators.

Converting a single-ended signal to a differential signal

A single-ended signal can be converted to a differential signal or reverse. A printed circuit board component can comprise a bottom metal layer and a top metal layer, wherein the bottom metal layer is connected to the top metal layer by an array of metal posts, and wherein the array of metal posts is arranged to form a substrate integrated waveguide network configured to transmit a set of electromagnetic waves corresponding to a single-ended signal represented according to a bandwidth. Furthermore, in an aspect, the device can comprise a coaxial to waveguide adaptor component comprising a coaxial cable port portion and a waveguide port portion, wherein the waveguide port portion guides the set of electromagnetic waves to the substrate integrated waveguide network.

Electromagnetic wave mode transducer

Electromagnetic (EM) mode transition or transducer structures and related devices, techniques, and methods are described. An exemplary EM mode transition or transducer structure can comprise a waveguide cavity section configured to transmit a transverse electric mode 20 (TE 20 ) mode of the EM waves. An exemplary EM mode transition can further comprise a fundamental mode rejection section configured to suppress or reflect a transverse electric mode 10 (TE 10 mode) and a transverse electric mode 30 (TE 30 ) mode of the EM waves.

Electronic apparatus for use in a communication system

A system and method of an electronic apparatus for use in a communication system includes a switching module arranged to combine a plurality of input signals received by a plurality of input ports in connection with the switching module to define a combined input signal having a plurality of frequency components; and a loading module arranged to receive the combined input signal from the switching module and to individually separate each of the plurality of frequency components of the combined input signal by processing the combined input signal with a plurality of resonating networks, each arranged to resonate at a resonance frequency associated with each of the plurality of frequency components of the combined input signals.

Facilitation of increased locking range transistors

Transistors can be used for a variety of electronic-based applications. Therefore, transistor efficiency and performance is of importance. An apparatus is presented herein to increase the locking range of transistors by leveraging cross-coupled injection transistors in conjunction with symmetry injection transistors. The transistor efficiency can also be increase by reducing a parasitic capacitance associated with the components of the transistor.

N-way coaxial waveguide power divider/combiner

A low loss and compact power divider/combiner is provided for high power efficiency. The power divider/combiner can be an N-way coaxial-waveguide cavity power divider/combiner with good characteristics of low loss and compact size. The power divider/combiner can be comprised of a coaxial common port, a radial-waveguide cavity, and N-way probe outputs. In various embodiments, the power divider/combiner can have a plurality of probe outputs that are equally spaced radially around an axis on which the coaxial common port is located. The radial-waveguide cavity and N-way probe outputs can be fabricated on a substrate board using printed circuit technology. In addition, the power divider/combiner can have reversed probe outputs which provide for 180 degree out of phase outputs between the probe outputs.

Quadrature voltage controlled oscillator

A quadrature voltage controlled oscillator includes a first voltage controlled oscillator having a first current source, a first oscillator circuit, a first tuning circuit, and a first resonator tank; a second voltage controlled oscillator having a second current source, a second oscillator circuit, a second tuning circuit, and a second resonator tank. A first biasing circuit is connected between first and second transistors of the first oscillator circuit to bias them in Class-C mode; and a second biasing circuit is connected between third and fourth transistors of the second oscillator circuit to bias them in Class-C mode. The first and second voltage controlled oscillators are electrically coupled by bulk terminals of the first and second transistors coupled with drain terminals of the third and fourth transistors respectively, and bulk terminals of the third and fourth transistors coupled with drain terminals of the first and second transistors respectively.

Circularly polarized antenna

A circularly polarized antenna exhibiting a high performance characteristic can be produced by utilizing a ground plane, a half-loop, and an electric dipole in a predetermined configuration. The circularly polarized antenna can provide benefits, such as wide axial ratio bandwidth, high gain, and simple structure, over other unidirectional circularly polarized antennas.