ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DISPLAY DEVICE

An organic light emitting display device includes: a substrate; an organic light emitting element on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation layer on the organic light emitting element. The thin film encapsulation layer includes a first thin film, a second thin film and a third thin film which are sequentially stacked therein, a refractive index of the second thin film is about 1.7 or greater, and a refractive index of the first thin film and a refractive index of the third thin film are greater than the refractive index of the second thin film by about 0.35 or greater. 1. An organic light emitting display device comprising:a substrate;an organic light emitting element on the substrate;a thin film encapsulation layer on the organic light emitting element; andwherein the thin film encapsulation layer comprises a first thin film, a second thin film and a third thin film, which are sequentially stacked therein,a refractive index of the second thin film is about 1.7 or greater, anda refractive index of the first thin film and a refractive index of the third thin film are greater than the refractive index of the second thin film by about 0.35 or greater.2. The organic light emitting display device of claim 1 , wherein the refractive index of the second thin film is about 2.3 or less.3. The organic light emitting display device of claim 2 , wherein the second thin film comprises at least one of NdO claim 2 , GdO claim 2 , SmO claim 2 , ScO claim 2 , YO claim 2 , SiO claim 2 , TiO claim 2 , ZrO+YO claim 2 , ZrOand SnO.4. The organic light emitting display device of claim 3 , wherein each of the refractive index of the first thin film and the refractive index of the third thin film is about 2.05 or greater.5. The organic light emitting display device of claim 4 , wherein each of the first thin film and the third thin film comprises at least one of ZrO+TiO claim 4 , CrO claim 4 , ZnO claim 4 , TaO claim 4 , TiO+TO claim 4 , SbO claim 4 , ZnS claim 4 , CuO claim 4 , FeO ...

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel electrode on the substrate, a capping layer on the pixel electrode, a second organic layer on the capping layer, a first organic layer between the capping layer and the second organic layer and corresponding to the pixel electrode, and an inorganic layer on the second organic layer. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a pixel electrode on the substrate;a capping layer on the pixel electrode;a second organic layer on the capping layer;a first organic layer between the capping layer and the second organic layer and corresponding to the pixel electrode; andan inorganic layer on the second organic layer2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first organic layer and the second organic layer directly contact each other in a surface contact manner.3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the capping layer and the first organic layer directly contact each other in a surface contact manner.4. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the capping layer and at least a portion of the second organic layer directly contact each other in a surface contact manner.5. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a pixel defining film in which an opening exposing a central portion of the pixel electrode and covering edges of the pixel electrode is defined claim 1 ,wherein the first organic layer is provided only in the opening.6. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:an opposite electrode on the pixel electrode and faces the pixel electrode; andan intermediate layer between the pixel electrode and the opposite electrode, the intermediate layer including an emission layer,wherein the first organic layer corresponds to the intermediate layer.7. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first organic ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Organic light-emitting diode display device including a thin film encapsulation layer

A display device includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting diode positioned above the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes: at least one inorganic layer; and at least one organic layer disposed on the at least one inorganic layer. The at least one organic layer has a refractive index of about 1.66 or greater.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening. 1. A display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a pixel electrode over the substrate;a pixel-defining layer comprising an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode;an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and comprises an organic emission layer;a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; andan encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and comprises at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer,wherein the at least one inorganic layer comprises a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer over the first inorganic layer, the first inorganic layer being in the opening and extending outside the opening,wherein the at least one organic layer comprises quantum dots and comprises a lower organic layer and an upper organic layer over the lower organic layer, the lower organic layer being arranged between the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer, the lower organic layer being in the opening,and wherein a thickness of the encapsulating structure in the opening is greater than a thickness of the encapsulating structure outside the opening.2. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the at least one organic layer comprising the quantum dots is less than or equal to about 20 μm.3. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at ...

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

A display device includes a organic light emitting device and an encapsulation structure disposed on the organic light emitting device that seals the organic light emitting device. The encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light emitting device, an organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic layer. The organic layer includes a first organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer and a second organic layer disposed on the first organic layer. An atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer. 1. A display device , comprising:a organic light emitting device; andan encapsulation structure disposed on the display structure that seals the organic light emitting device, a first inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light emitting device;', 'a first organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer,', 'a second organic layer disposed on the first organic layer; and', 'a second inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the second organic layer,', 'wherein an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer., 'wherein the encapsulation structure comprises2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than 1.24.3. The display device of claim 2 , wherein the atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer ranges from 1.20 to 1.24 claim 2 , andthe atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer ranges from 124 to 1.30.4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first and second organic layers each comprise a silicone-based compound that includes silicon-oxygen chains.5. The display device of claim 4 , ...

ENCAPSULATING OR FILLING COMPOSITION FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

Provided are an encapsulating or filling composition for electronic devices and an electronic apparatus. The encapsulating or filling composition includes a curable material containing an epoxy group, a polymerization initiator, and a metal catalyst. The electronic apparatus includes a first substrate, an electronic device disposed on the first substrate, and one or more cured materials of the encapsulating or filling composition formed on the electronic device.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

DISPLAY DEVICE

A display device includes a display substrate including at least one step portion, and a thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate, the thin film encapsulation layer including a buffer layer configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion and a barrier layer above the buffer layer, the buffer layer including a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, and the interfaces including a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion from an outer portion of the step portion. 1. A display device comprising:a display substrate comprising at least one step portion; anda thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate,the thin film encapsulation layer comprising a buffer layer, andthe buffer layer comprising a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, each one of the sub-layers comprising a first portion and a second portion between the first portion and the display substrate, a carbon content of each one of the sub-layers gradually increasing from the first portion toward the second portion,wherein each of the plurality of sub-layers comprises about 20 to about 50 atomic % of silicon, about 10 to about 40 atomic % of oxygen, and about 30 to about 60 atomic % of carbon based on a total number of atoms of the silicon, the oxygen, and the carbon.2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of sub-layers has a thickness from about 300 Å to about 10000 Å.3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein an interval between two adjacent interfaces of the interfaces reduces toward a portion overlapping the step portion from the outer portion of the step portion.4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer has a first thickness at a location spaced from the step portion and has a second thickness at a location overlapping the step portion claim 1 , and wherein the second ...

ELECTRONIC APPARATUS AND LIGHTING APPARATUS

An electronic apparatus and a lighting apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes a light-emitting device that has an intermediate layer between two electrodes, wherein the intermediate layer includes an emission layer having a perovskite compound represented by one of the following formulas: 1) [A][BB][X], 2) [A][BB][X], 3) [A][BB][X], and 4) [A][BB][X], wherein, in Formula 1), A is at least one monovalent organic-cation, a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof, Bis a Sm ion, Bis at least one divalent inorganic cation and does not include a Sm ion, n1 is a real number satisfying 0'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 2', 'n2', '(1-n2)', '4, 'sup': 1', '2, '[A][BB][X]\u2003\u2003'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 3', 'n2', '(1-n2)', '2', '7, 'sup': 1', '2, '[A][BB][X]\u2003\u2003'}, {'br': None, 'sub': 4', 'n2', '(1-n2)', '3', '10, 'sup': 1', '2, '[A][BB][X],\u2003\u2003'}], 'wherein the emission layer comprises a perovskite compound represented by one of Formulae 1 to 4wherein, in Formula 1,A is at least one monovalent organic-cation, a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof,{'sup': 1', '2+, 'Bis a Sm ion,'}{'sup': 2', '2+, 'Bis at least one divalent inorganic cation and does not include a Sm ion,'}n1 is a real number satisfying 0 Подробнее

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display device includes a substrate, a display unit on the substrate, and a thin film encapsulation unit configured to encapsulate the display unit, and including a corrugated portion including a first layer and a second layer that are sequentially stacked, wherein the first layer includes a material having a lower modulus of elasticity than the second layer, and wherein a corrugated surface is formed at an upper surface of the first layer and a lower surface of the second layer due to a difference in the moduli of elasticity of the first layer and the second layer.

DISPLAY DEVICE WITH ENCAPSULATION LAYER WITH VARYING RATIOS OF CARBON TO SILICON AND OXYGEN TO SILICON AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

A display device includes a organic light emitting device and an encapsulation structure disposed on the organic light emitting device that seals the organic light emitting device. The encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light emitting device, an organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic layer. The organic layer includes a first organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer and a second organic layer disposed on the first organic layer. An atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer. 1. A method of fabricating a display device , comprising:preparing a organic light emitting device;depositing an inorganic material on the organic light emitting device to form a first inorganic encapsulation layer;forming an organic layer on the first inorganic encapsulation layer; anddepositing an inorganic material on the organic layer to form a second inorganic encapsulation layer, depositing an organic material under a first oxygen partial pressure to form a first organic layer on the first inorganic encapsulation layer; and', 'depositing an organic material under a second oxygen partial pressure that is less than the first oxygen partial pressure to form a second organic layer on the first organic layer., 'wherein forming the organic layer comprises2. The method of claim 1 , wherein forming the organic layer further comprises oxidizing the organic materials claim 1 , andthe organic material in forming the first organic layer is more actively oxidized than that in forming the second organic layer.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the first organic layer and the forming of the second organic layer are continuous processes.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the first organic layer is formed while gradually ...

Organic light-emitting display apparatus

An organic light-emitting display apparatus, including a substrate; a first electrode on the substrate; a second electrode on the first electrode; a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer to emit a first light; a second organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second organic emissive layer to emit a second light having a different color from the first light; an auxiliary layer on the second electrode, the auxiliary layer having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2; and a charging layer on the auxiliary layer.

Organic electroluminescence device, method for manufacturing the same, and display device including the same

An organic electroluminescence device includes a first electrode, a hole transport region on the first electrode, a light emitting layer on the hole transport region, an electron transport region on the light emitting layer, and a second electrode on the electron transport region. The electron transport region includes an electron transport layer directly on the light emitting layer. The electron transport layer includes a first ternary compound including a halogen element.

Light-emitting device and apparatus including same

A light-emitting device and an apparatus including the same include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer includes m emission units and (m-1) charge generating units, each of the charge generating units being between the emission units that are adjacent to each other, m is a natural number of 2 or greater, at least one of the (m-1) charge generating units includes an n-type charge generating layer, a p-type charge generating layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, wherein the n-type charge generating layer includes an n-type organic compound and a metal material, and wherein the p-type charge generating layer and the p-type hole injection layer each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material.

FLEXIBLE DISPLAY DEVICE

A flexible display device includes: a flexible substrate; a display unit on the flexible substrate and including a display area capable of displaying an image; and a thin film encapsulating layer encapsulating the display unit and including at least one inorganic encapsulating film and at least one organic encapsulating film, where the organic encapsulating film includes at least one first organic region including a first organic material and at least one second organic region including a second organic material that is different from the first organic material, and the at least one first organic region extends in a first direction, the at least one first organic region and the at least one second organic region are aligned with each other, and a first Young's modulus of the at least one first organic region is different from a second Young's modulus of the least one second organic region. 1. A flexible display device comprising:a flexible substrate;a display unit on the flexible substrate and comprising a display area capable of displaying an image; anda thin film encapsulating layer encapsulating the display unit and comprising at least one inorganic encapsulating film and at least one organic encapsulating film,wherein the organic encapsulating film comprises at least one first organic region comprising a first organic material and at least one second organic region comprising a second organic material that is different from the first organic material, andthe at least one first organic region extends in a first direction, the at least one first organic region and the at least one second organic region are aligned with each other, and a first Young's modulus of the at least one first organic region is different from a second Young's modulus of the least one second organic region.2. The flexible display device of claim 1 , wherein the first Young's modulus is smaller than the second Young's modulus claim 1 , and a ratio of the first Young's modulus to the second ...

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display element disposed on the substrate, a first inorganic film layer disposed on the display element, a first organic film layer disposed on the first inorganic film layer, a second organic film layer disposed on the first organic film layer and including a wrinkled upper surface, and a second inorganic film layer disposed on the second organic film layer and including a shape corresponding to the wrinkled upper surface of the second organic film layer.

Flexible display apparatus and manufacturing method thereof

A flexible display apparatus, including a flexible substrate including a bending area and a non-bending area; a display unit on the flexible substrate; and an encapsulation unit covering the display unit, the encapsulation unit including a first inorganic film, a second inorganic film, and an organic film between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film, the organic film having a first thickness in the bending area and a second thickness greater than the first thickness in the non-bending area.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; first electrodes arranged on the substrate at separate positions; a second electrode disposed on the first electrodes to face the first electrodes; an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrodes and the second electrode and including an emission layer; a first encapsulating layer disposed on the second electrode and patterned to have a plurality of islands, the first encapsulating layer including an organic material; and a second encapsulating layer covering the islands of the first encapsulating layer and including an inorganic material.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening.

Lighting device having a photoconversion layer

A lighting device includes a light source and a photoconversion layer including a perovskite compound represented by Formula 1. The perovskite compound absorbs at least part of light emitted from the light source and emits light having a different wavelength range from the absorbed light: [A][B][X]3 In Formula 1, A is at least one monovalent organic cation, at least one a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof, B is at least one divalent inorganic cation, and X is at least one monovalent anion.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus

An organic light-emitting display apparatus, including a substrate; a first electrode on the substrate; a second electrode on the first electrode; a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer to emit a first light; a second organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second organic emissive layer to emit a second light having a different color from the first light; an auxiliary layer on the second electrode, the auxiliary layer having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2; and a charging layer on the auxiliary layer.

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix.

Flexible display device

A flexible display device includes: a flexible substrate; a display unit on the flexible substrate and including a display area capable of displaying an image; and a thin film encapsulating layer encapsulating the display unit and including at least one inorganic encapsulating film and at least one organic encapsulating film, where the organic encapsulating film includes at least one first organic region including a first organic material and at least one second organic region including a second organic material that is different from the first organic material, and the at least one first organic region extends in a first direction, the at least one first organic region and the at least one second organic region are aligned with each other, and a first Young's modulus of the at least one first organic region is different from a second Young's modulus of the least one second organic region.

Organic light-emitting diode display device including a thin film encapsulation layer

A display device includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting diode positioned above the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes: at least one inorganic layer; and at least one organic layer disposed on the at least one inorganic layer. The at least one organic layer has a refractive index of about 1.66 or greater.

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit, a second emission unit and a third emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; and a second charge generation layer between the second emission unit and the third emission unit, wherein the first emission unit comprises a first emission layer, the second emission unit comprises a second emission layer, the third emission unit comprises a third emission layer, and at least one of the first emission unit, the second emission unit and the third emission unit comprises an inorganic buffer layer.

Organic light-emitting display device and method of manufacturing the same

An organic light-emitting display device includes a substrate, a display unit on the substrate, and a thin film encapsulation unit configured to encapsulate the display unit, and including a corrugated portion including a first layer and a second layer that are sequentially stacked, wherein the first layer includes a material having a lower modulus of elasticity than the second layer, and wherein a corrugated surface is formed at an upper surface of the first layer and a lower surface of the second layer due to a difference in the moduli of elasticity of the first layer and the second layer.

Perovskite compound, thin layer comprising the perovskite compound, and optoelectronic device comprising the perovskite compound

A perovskite compound represented by Formula 1, a thin layer including the perovskite compound, and an optoelectronic device including the perovskite compound: [A][B1nB2(1-n)][X]3. Formula 1 In Formula 1, A may be at least one selected from a monovalent organic cation, monovalent inorganic cation, and combinations thereof; B1may be a thulium (II) (Tm2+) ion; B2may be at least one divalent inorganic cation, where B2is free of (e.g., does not include) Tm2+; n may be a real number that satisfies 0 Подробнее

Bendable display apparatus utilizing an organic layer

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display layer on the substrate and including a plurality of display devices, and an encapsulation layer on the substrate and including a first inorganic layer, a second inorganic layer, and an organic layer between the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer, wherein the organic layer includes a first organic layer patterned to have a plurality of islands and a second organic layer filling gaps between the plurality of islands.

PEROVSKITE COMPOUND, THIN LAYER COMPRISING THE PEROVSKITE COMPOUND, AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICE COMPRISING THE PEROVSKITE COMPOUND

A perovskite compound represented by Formula 1, a thin layer including the perovskite compound, and an optoelectronic device including the perovskite compound: [A][B 1 n B 2 (1-n) ][X] 3 .  Formula 1 In Formula 1, A may be at least one selected from a monovalent organic cation, monovalent inorganic cation, and combinations thereof; B 1 may be a thulium (II) (Tm 2+ ) ion; B 2 may be at least one divalent inorganic cation, where B 2 is free of (e.g., does not include) Tm 2+ ; n may be a real number that satisfies 0<n≦1; and X may be at least one monovalent anion.

Organic light-emitting device and method of manufacturing the same

An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode on the substrate, an encapsulation layer sealing the organic light-emitting diode, and an ultraviolet-reflective layer, the encapsulation layer including at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer that are alternately stacked, at least one selected from the at least one organic layer included in the encapsulation layer including an ultraviolet-absorbing material, and the ultraviolet-reflective layer consisting of an inorganic material.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY DEVICE INCLUDING A THIN FILM ENCAPSULATION LAYER

A display device includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting diode positioned above the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes: at least one inorganic layer; and at least one organic layer disposed on the at least one inorganic layer. The at least one organic layer has a refractive index of about 1.66 or greater. 1. A display device , comprising:a substrate;an organic light-emitting diode positioned above the substrate;a thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light-emitting diode; anda capping layer disposed between the organic light-emitting diode and the thin film encapsulation layer,wherein the capping layer has a refractive index in a range from about 1.3 to about 1.4,wherein the thin film encapsulation layer comprises:at least one inorganic layer; andat least one organic layer disposed on the at least one inorganic layer,wherein the at least one inorganic layer and the at least one organic layer have a refractive index difference of about 0.06 or less.2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic layer has a refractive index in a range of from about 1.66 to about 2.8.3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic layer has a refractive index in a range of from about 1.6 to about 2.8.4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic layer is formed by polymerization of at least one monomer selected from: pentabromophenyl acrylate claim 1 , 2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl) ethyl methacrylate claim 1 , N-vinylcarbazole claim 1 , bis (methacryloylthiophenyl) sulfide or zirconium acrylate.5. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic layer comprises at least one of: poly(3 claim 1 ,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,4′-bis[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino]biphenyl (TPD) claim 1 , 4 claim 1 ,4′ claim 1 ,4″-tris[(3-methylphenyl)phenylamino] triphenylamine (m- ...

ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light emitting display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a display unit disposed on the substrate, a dam unit disposed on the outside of the display unit on the substrate, and an encapsulation layer sealing the display unit, wherein the encapsulation layer includes an organic film covering the display unit and a first inorganic film covering the organic film and the dam unit, and a material of the dam unit is identical with that of the organic film. 1. An organic light emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a display unit disposed on the substrate;a dam unit disposed outside of the display unit on the substrate; andan encapsulation layer sealing the display unit,wherein the encapsulation layer includes an organic film covering the display unit and a first inorganic film covering the organic film and the dam unit, and a material of the dam unit is identical with that of the organic film.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the organic film ranges from about 4 μm to about 40 μm.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the dam unit is disposed apart from the organic film.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein a portion of the first inorganic film is disposed between the dam unit and the organic film.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the organic film comprises at least one selected from silicone claim 1 , epoxy claim 1 , and acrylate.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the encapsulation layer further comprises a second inorganic film which is disposed between the display unit and the organic film.7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the second inorganic film is disposed between the dam unit and the substrate while covering the display unit.8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the dam unit has a plurality of dams disposed apart from each other and formed side by side.9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first inorganic film comprises at least ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; first electrodes arranged on the substrate at separate positions; a second electrode disposed on the first electrodes to face the first electrodes; an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrodes and the second electrode and including an emission layer; a first encapsulating layer disposed on the second electrode and patterned to have a plurality of islands, the first encapsulating layer including an organic material; and a second encapsulating layer covering the islands of the first encapsulating layer and including an inorganic material. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;first electrodes arranged separate from one another on the substrate;a second electrode disposed above the first electrodes to face the first electrodes;an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrodes and the second electrode and comprising an emission layer;a first encapsulating layer disposed on the second electrode and patterned to have a plurality of islands, the first encapsulating layer comprising an organic material; anda second encapsulating layer covering the islands of the first encapsulating layer and comprising an inorganic material.2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the islands of the first encapsulating layer correspond to the first electrodes.3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first electrodes comprise first color sub-pixel electrodes claim 2 , second color sub-pixel electrodes claim 2 , and third color sub-pixel electrodes.4. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 3 , wherein islands of the first encapsulating layer correspond to the first color sub-pixel electrodes claim 3 , the second color sub-pixel electrodes and the third color sub-pixel electrodes.5. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 4 , wherein islands of the first encapsulating layer ...

Organic light emitting display device

An organic light emitting display device includes: a substrate; an organic light emitting element on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation layer on the organic light emitting element. The thin film encapsulation layer includes a first thin film, a second thin film and a third thin film which are sequentially stacked therein, a refractive index of the second thin film is about 1.7 or greater, and a refractive index of the first thin film and a refractive index of the third thin film are greater than the refractive index of the second thin film by about 0.35 or greater.

Light-emitting device

A light-emitting device is provided. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode. The hole transport region may include a hole transport layer, which in turn includes a first perovskite compound [A1l][B1m][X1]n with a neutral defect. A hole concentration of the first perovskite compound may be from about 1.0×1016 to about 9×1018 cm−3 at about 25° C.

Display device with encapsulation layer with varying ratios of carbon to silicon and oxygen to silicon and method of fabricating the same

A display device includes a organic light emitting device and an encapsulation structure disposed on the organic light emitting device that seals the organic light emitting device. The encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light emitting device, an organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic layer. The organic layer includes a first organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer and a second organic layer disposed on the first organic layer. An atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising quantum dots

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening.

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display element disposed on the substrate, a first inorganic film layer disposed on the display element, a first organic film layer disposed on the first inorganic film layer, a second organic film layer disposed on the first organic film layer and including a wrinkled upper surface, and a second inorganic film layer disposed on the second organic film layer and including a shape corresponding to the wrinkled upper surface of the second organic film layer.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising quantum dots

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a pixel electrode over the substrate;a pixel-defining layer comprising an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode;an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and comprises an organic emission layer;a counter electrode covering the intermediate layer and contacting the pixel-defining layer; andan encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and comprises at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, wherein the at least one inorganic layer covers the intermediate layer and the pixel-defining layer, and wherein the at least one organic layer comprises quantum dots and overlaps the intermediate layer such that a thickness of the encapsulating structure in an area overlapping the intermediate layer is greater than a thickness of the encapsulating structure over the pixel-defining layer.2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the at least one organic layer comprising the quantum dots is less than or equal to about 20 μm.3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic layer has a thickness less than or equal to about 5 μm and comprises at least one of silicon nitride (SiN) claim 1 , silicon oxide (SiO) claim 1 , ...

Deposition mask and method of fabricating the same

A deposition mask comprises a mask body comprising a plurality of through holes; and a deposition layer formed on external surfaces of the mask body. A method of manufacturing a deposition mask comprises: installing a deposition mask body in a chamber; forming a magnetic field between a plurality of magnet units within the chamber, wherein the deposition mask body is disposed between the magnet units; and applying voltages to first and second sputtering targets comprising a material to generate electric discharge such that particles of the material are sputtered from the first and second sputtering targets and deposited on the deposition mask body, thereby making a deposition mask with a layer of the material. The voltages having different magnitudes are applied to the first and second sputtering targets.

DISPLAY DEVICE

A display device includes a display substrate including at least one step portion, and a thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate, the thin film encapsulation layer including a buffer layer configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion and a barrier layer above the buffer layer, the buffer layer including a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, and the interfaces including a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion from an outer portion of the step portion. 1. A display device comprising:a display substrate comprising at least one step portion; anda thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate,the thin film encapsulation layer comprising a buffer layer configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion and a barrier layer above the buffer layer,the buffer layer comprising a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, andthe interfaces comprising a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion from an outer portion of the step portion.2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of sub-layers has a thickness from about 300 Å to about 10000 Å.3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein an interval between two adjacent interfaces of the interfaces increases toward the display substrate in the outer portion of the step portion.4. The display device of claim 1 , wherein an interval between two adjacent interfaces of the interfaces reduces toward a portion overlapping the step portion from the outer portion of the step portion.5. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer has a first thickness at a location spaced from the step portion and has a second thickness at a location overlapping the step portion claim 1 , and wherein the second thickness is about ...

Light-emitting device

A light-emitting device is provided. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, second electrode facing the first electrode, and an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The emission layer includes at least one perovskite compound, a first quantum dot, and a second quantum dot. The first quantum dot and the second quantum dot may be different from each other.

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix. 1. A display apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a display part arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements; andan encapsulator covering the display part,wherein the encapsulator includes a first inorganic film, an organic film, and a second inorganic film in a sandwich structure in which the organic film is interposed between the first and second inorganic films,wherein the organic film directly contacts each of the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film,wherein the organic film includes an organic matrix, a ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix and a functional group,wherein the functional group is coupled with the organic matrix and the ultraviolet light absorbent.2. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent is a compound that includes a hydroxyl group.3. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent includes one or more of a benzophenone compound claim 1 , a benzotriazole compound claim 1 , a benzoate compound claim 1 , a cyanoacrylate compound claim 1 , a triazine compound claim 1 , an oxanilide compound claim 1 , and a salicylate compound.4. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the functional group includes at least one of an acrylate group claim 1 , a methacrylate group claim 1 , and an epoxy group.5. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one organic film exhibits a transmittance of 80% or higher with respect to light having a wavelength of 430 nm.6. The display apparatus as claimed ...

Organic light emitting diode display device comprising capping layer

An organic light emitting diode display device includes a substrate, an organic light emitting diode on the substrate and a capping layer on the organic light emitting diode. The capping layer includes metal iodide selected from alkali metal iodide and alkaline-earth metal iodide. The organic light emitting diode may have reduced driving voltage and improved luminous efficiency.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; and an encapsulation layer including a first inorganic film covering the organic light-emitting device, an organic film on the first inorganic film, a second inorganic film between the first inorganic film and the organic film and having hydrophilicity, and a third inorganic film on the organic film. The second inorganic film may have a contact angle of 40° or less. A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting display apparatus includes forming an organic light-emitting device on a substrate; forming a first inorganic film covering the organic light-emitting device; forming a second inorganic film having hydrophilicity on the first inorganic film; forming an organic film on the second inorganic film; and forming a third inorganic film on the organic film. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; andan encapsulation layer comprising a first inorganic film covering the organic light-emitting device, an organic film on the first inorganic film, a second inorganic film between the first inorganic film and the organic film and having hydrophilicity, and a third inorganic film on the organic film.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second inorganic film has a contact angle of 40° or less.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second inorganic film comprises metallic oxide or nonmetallic oxide.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the second inorganic film comprises the nonmetallic oxide claim 3 , claim 3 , and the nonmetallic oxide comprises silicon oxide.5. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the second inorganic film comprises the metallic oxide claim 3 , and the metallic oxide comprises aluminum oxide.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second inorganic film has a thickness greater than or equal to 10 Å and less than or equal to 1 μm.7. The apparatus of ...

Organic light-emitting device having low work function metal halide compound in hole injection layer

Provided is an organic light-emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the organic layer including a low work function metal compound.

Electronic apparatus

Provided is an electronic apparatus including: a substrate; a pixel defined layer defining a plurality of pixel areas and a plurality of non-pixel areas on the substrate; a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged on the plurality of the pixel areas; and a thin film encapsulation portion including an organic film and sealing the pixel defined layer, or the plurality of the light-emitting diodes and the pixel defined layer, wherein the organic film includes a curable material of a composition for forming an organic film, the composition including at least one UV absorber.

ORGANIC FILM FORMING COMPOSITION AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS COMPRISING A CURED PRODUCT THEREOF

An organic film forming composition having improved hygroscopic properties (e.g., moisture-adsorbing abilities) and an electronic apparatus including a cured product of the organic film forming composition. The organic film forming composition may include a metal (meth)acrylate represented by Formula 1; and a curable material having at least two curable groups selected from the groups represented by Formulae 2A to 2D: 2. The organic film forming composition of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in Formula 1 claim 1 , M is selected from lithium (Li) claim 1 , sodium (Na) claim 1 , calcium (Ca) claim 1 , zinc (Zn) claim 1 , magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , and aluminum (Al).4. The organic film forming composition of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in Formula 1 claim 1 , Rto Rare each independently selected from the group consisting of:hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, and a hydrazono group;{'sub': 1', '10, 'a C-Calkyl group; and'}{'sub': 1', '10, 'a C-Calkyl group substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, and a hydrazono group.'}5. The organic film forming composition of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in Formula 1 claim 1 ,{'sub': 1', '1', '10', '2', '3, 'Ris a C-Calkyl group, and Rand Rare both hydrogens; or'}{'sub': 1', '3, 'Rto Rare all hydrogens.'}6. The organic film forming composition of claim 1 , wherein the metal (meth)acrylate is selected from sodium (meth)acrylate claim 1 , lithium (meth)acrylate claim 1 , calcium (meth)acrylate claim 1 , magnesium (meth)acrylate claim 1 , aluminum (meth)acrylate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.9. The organic film forming composition of claim 8 , wherein claim 8 , in Formula 3 claim 8 , Lis selected from *—CH—O*′ claim 8 , a C-Calkylene group claim 8 , and a C-Calkylene group substituted with at least one ...

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

A light-emitting device is provided. The light emitting device includes a first electrode, second electrode facing the first electrode, and an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. The emission layer includes at least one perovskite compound, a first quantum dot, and a second quantum dot. The first quantum dot and the second quantum dot may be different from each other. 1. A light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode; andan emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,wherein the emission layer comprises at least one perovskite compound represented by Formula 1, a first quantum dot, and a second quantum dot, and {'br': None, 'sub': '3', '[A][B][X]\u2003\u2003Formula 1'}, 'the first quantum dot and the second quantum dot are different from each otherwherein, in Formula 1,A is at least one monovalent organic cation, at least one monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof,B is at least one divalent inorganic cation, andX is at least one monovalent anion.2. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein:{'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4', '1', '2', '3', '4', '1', '2', '3', '4', '1', '2', '3', '4', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5, 'sup': +', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+', '+, 'A is (RRRRN), (RRRRP), (RRRRAs), (RRRRSb), (RRN═C(R)—NRR), a monovalent cation of a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring, a monovalent cation of a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, or any combination thereof, and'}{'sub': 1', '5', '1', '60', '2', '60', '2', '60', '1', '60', '6', '60', '1', '2', '3, 'Rto R, a substituent of the monovalent cation of the substituted nitrogen-containing 5-membered ring, and a substituent of the monovalent cation of the substituted nitrogen-containing 6-membered ring are each independently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a substituted ...

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display device on the substrate, the display device including a display area and a non-display area, an encapsulation member covering the display device, a surface treatment pattern layer on the encapsulation member, the surface treatment pattern layer selectively corresponding to one of the display area and the non-display area, and a photo-functional layer corresponding to a pattern of the surface treatment pattern layer.

Display device and method for manufacturing the same

Provided is a display device. The display device includes a base layer, a plurality of wavelength conversion parts disposed on one surface of the base layer, a partition wall disposed between the adjacent wavelength conversion parts of the plurality of wavelength conversion parts and having a first refractive index, a cover part configured to cover the plurality of wavelength conversion parts and having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index, and an image display part disposed on a surface provided by the partition wall and the cover part.

Organic light-emitting device having low work function metal halide compound in hole injection layer and display device having the same

Provided is an organic light-emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the organic layer including a low work function metal compound.

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix.

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. An electron transport region is between the second electrode and the emission layer. The electron transport region includes an electron injection layer including a first component including at least one halide of an alkali metal (Group I), a second component including at least one organometallic compound, and a third component including at least one of a lanthanide metal or an alkaline earth metal (Group II).

Display device with encapsulation layer with varying ratios of carbon to silicon and oxygen to silicon and method of fabricating the same

A display device includes a organic light emitting device and an encapsulation structure disposed on the organic light emitting device that seals the organic light emitting device. The encapsulation structure includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light emitting device, an organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer disposed on the organic layer. The organic layer includes a first organic layer disposed on the first inorganic encapsulation layer and a second organic layer disposed on the first organic layer. An atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the first organic layer is less than an atomic ratio of carbon to silicon in the second organic layer.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING DISPLAY DEVICE

A method of manufacturing a display device includes forming a display portion on a substrate, and forming an encapsulation portion for sealing the display portion. The forming of the encapsulation portion includes forming a first layer covering the display portion, forming a second layer on the first layer, and forming a third layer on the second layer. The first layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the display portion and a mask by a first interval. The second layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the first layer and the mask by a second interval that is different from the first interval. The third layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the second layer and the mask by a third interval that is different from the second interval.

Display device having a buffer layer comprising a plurality of sub layers and interfaces

A display device includes a display substrate including at least one step portion, and a thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate, the thin film encapsulation layer including a buffer layer configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion and a barrier layer above the buffer layer, the buffer layer including a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, and the interfaces including a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion from an outer portion of the step portion.

Organic light-emitting diode device and compound for charge generation layer included therein

Disclosed is an organic light-emitting diode device including: a first electrode; a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode; m light-emitting units (where m is an integer of 2 or more) disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including at least one light-emitting layer; and m-1 charge generation layers each interposed between two adjacent light-emitting units of the m light-emitting units; wherein at least one of the m-1 charge generation layers includes a compound for a charge generation layer, which includes a boron-containing compound bonded to a metal halide by a one-electron sigma bond.

DISPLAY APPARATUS

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display layer on the substrate and including a plurality of display devices, and an encapsulation layer on the substrate and including a first inorganic layer, a second inorganic layer, and an organic layer between the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer, wherein the organic layer includes a first organic layer patterned to have a plurality of islands and a second organic layer filling gaps between the plurality of islands. 1. A display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a display layer on the substrate and comprising a plurality of display devices; andan encapsulation layer on the substrate and comprising a first inorganic layer, a second inorganic layer, and an organic layer between the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer, wherein the organic layer comprises a first organic layer patterned to have a plurality of islands and a second organic layer filling gaps between the plurality of islands.2. The display apparatus of claim 1 ,wherein the substrate comprises a bending area, andwherein the first organic layer is positioned to correspond to the bending area.3. The display apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the organic layer comprises any one of a material comprised in the first organic layer and a material comprised in the second organic layer claim 2 , and is not patterned in areas other than the bending area.4. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the encapsulation layer further comprises a boundary layer between the first organic layer and the second organic layer claim 1 , the boundary layer comprising a first material comprised in the first organic layer and a second material comprised in the second organic layer.5. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of islands has a long axis and a short axis and extends along a first direction.6. The display apparatus of claim 5 , wherein a surface of the substrate has a short axis along the first direction and a long ...

Method of manufacturing display device

A method of manufacturing a display device includes forming a display portion on a substrate, and forming an encapsulation portion for sealing the display portion. The forming of the encapsulation portion includes forming a first layer covering the display portion, forming a second layer on the first layer, and forming a third layer on the second layer. The first layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the display portion and a mask by a first interval. The second layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the first layer and the mask by a second interval that is different from the first interval. The third layer is formed by maintaining a distance between an upper surface of the second layer and the mask by a third interval that is different from the second interval.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode over the substrate, the first and second pixel electrodes being apart from each other;a pixel-defining layer comprising a first opening and a second opening that expose portions of the first and second pixel electrodes, respectively;a first intermediate layer over the portion of the first pixel electrode exposed by the first opening, the first intermediate layer comprising a first organic emission layer emitting a first color;a second intermediate layer over the portion of the second pixel electrode exposed by the second opening, the second intermediate layer comprising a second organic emission layer emitting a second color;a counter electrode covering the first and second intermediate layers;a first inorganic layer covering the first and second intermediate layers and the pixel-defining layer;a first organic layer on the first inorganic layer, the first organic layer comprising first quantum dots and overlapping the first intermediate layer; anda second organic layer on the first inorganic layer, the second organic layer comprising second quantum dots and overlapping the second intermediate layer,whereinthe first organic layer and the second organic layer are apart from each other,a total thickness of the first inorganic layer and the first ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Electronic apparatus and lighting apparatus

An electronic apparatus and a lighting apparatus are provided. The apparatus includes a light-emitting device that has an intermediate layer between two electrodes, wherein the intermediate layer includes an emission layer having a perovskite compound represented by one of the following formulas: 1) [A][B 1 n1 B 2 (1-n1) ][X] 3 , 2) [A] 2 [B 1 n2 B 2 (1-n2) ][X] 4 , 3) [A] 3 [B 1 n2 B 2 (1-n2) ] 2 [X] 7 , and 4) [A] 4 [B 1 n2 B 2 (1-n2) ] 3 [X] 10 , wherein, in Formula 1), A is at least one monovalent organic-cation, a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof, B 1 is a Sm 2+ ion, B 2 is at least one divalent inorganic cation and does not include a Sm 2+ ion, n1 is a real number satisfying 0<n1≤1, n2 is a real number satisfying 0<n2≤1, and X is at least one monovalent anion.

Display panel including functional layer

A display panel including a base layer; a circuit layer; an emission layer including first, second and third emission areas respectively corresponding to first, second and third pixel areas; an organic encapsulation layer having a flat top surface; an inorganic encapsulation layer on the top surface of the organic encapsulation layer and having a first refractive index; a functional layer disposed on the inorganic encapsulation aver and having a second refractive index less than the first refractive index; and a partition wall disposed on the functional layer and including first, second and third openings, wherein the first, second and third openings respectively correspond to the first, second and third pixel areas, wherein a total reflection critical angle between the inorganic encapsulation layer and the functional layer is less than a reference incident angle of reference light traveling from the first emission area toward the partition wall.

Display device utilizing a thin film encapsulation layer having a plurality of sub-layers

A display device includes a display substrate including at least one step portion, and a thin film encapsulation layer above the display substrate, the thin film encapsulation layer including a buffer layer configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion and a barrier layer above the buffer layer, the buffer layer including a plurality of sub-layers and interfaces between the plurality of sub-layers, and the interfaces including a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion from an outer portion of the step portion.

DEPOSITION MASK AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

A deposition mask comprises a mask body comprising a plurality of through holes; and a deposition layer formed on external surfaces of the mask body. A method of manufacturing a deposition mask comprises: installing a deposition mask body in a chamber; forming a magnetic field between a plurality of magnet units within the chamber, wherein the deposition mask body is disposed between the magnet units; and applying voltages to first and second sputtering targets comprising a material to generate electric discharge such that particles of the material are sputtered from the first and second sputtering targets and deposited on the deposition mask body, thereby making a deposition mask with a layer of the material. The voltages having different magnitudes are applied to the first and second sputtering targets.

Apparatus and method for manufacturing display apparatus

An apparatus for manufacturing a display apparatus includes a stage supporting a substrate, a deposition gas supplying unit above the substrate, the deposition gas supplying unit spraying a deposition gas onto the substrate, and a first mask between the stage and the deposition gas supplying unit, the first mask including at least two first openings through which the deposition gas selectively passes.

Display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus including a substrate; a display unit disposed on the substrate; a sealing layer disposed on the display unit; a touch screen layer disposed on the sealing layer; and a buffer layer disposed between the sealing layer and the touch screen layer. The sealing layer includes n sealing units each including an organic layer and an inorganic layer, in which n is an integer of 1 or greater. The organic layer and the inorganic layer are sequentially stacked on the display unit. The organic layer includes a cured product for forming an organic layer including a first photocurable monomer. The buffer layer includes a cured product for forming a buffer layer including a second and third photocurable monomer. The first and second photocurable monomers include a photocurable functional group. The third photocurable monomer is represented by Formulae 1A to 1C.

Display device

Provided is a display device including a first substrate including a display part and a non-display part around the display part, a second substrate disposed on the first substrate, a pixel disposed between the display part and the second substrate, a quantum dot layer disposed between the second substrate and the pixel, a bank layer disposed around the quantum dot layer, and when viewed on a plane, overlapping the non-display part, a color filter disposed between the second substrate and the quantum dot layer, a dummy color filter, when viewed on the plane, overlapping the non-display part, and disposed between the bank layer and the second substrate, and a sealant disposed between the non-display part and the bank layer.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer. 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode;a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; anda first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit,wherein the first emission unit comprises a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, andthe second emission unit comprises a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein:the first emission unit further comprises a first hole injection layer between the first emission layer and the first electrode, and the first inorganic buffer layer is between the first emission layer and the first hole injection layer, andthe second emission unit further comprises a second hole injection layer between the second emission layer and the first charge generation layer, and the second inorganic buffer layer is between the second emission layer and the second hole injection layer.3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 2 , wherein:the first inorganic buffer layer is directly in contact with the first emission layer, andthe second inorganic buffer layer is directly in contact with the second emission layer.4. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first inorganic buffer layer and the second inorganic buffer layer each comprise a metal halide.5. The organic light-emitting ...

Organic light-emitting display apparatus

Provided is an organic light-emitting display apparatus. The organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a first substrate; an organic light-emitting device disposed on the first substrate; and a thin film comprising at least one perovskite compound represented by Formula 1 disposed on the organic light-emitting device. T the thin film is positioned in a traveling direction of light emitted from the organic light-emitting device:[A][B1nB2(1-n)][X]3  <Formula 1>A is at least one monovalent organic-cation, at least one monovalent inorganic-cation, or a combination thereof. B1 and B2 are each independently at least one divalent inorganic-cation. n is a real number satisfying 0<n≤1. X is at least one monovalent anion.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a pixel electrode over the substrate;a pixel-defining layer comprising an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode;an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and comprises an organic emission layer;a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; andan encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and comprises at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, wherein the at least one organic layer comprises quantum dots and is in the opening.2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the at least one organic layer comprising the quantum dots is less than or equal to about 20 μm.3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the at least one inorganic layer has a thickness less than or equal to about 5 μm and comprises at least one of silicon nitride (SiN) claim 1 , silicon oxide (SiO) claim 1 , silicon oxynitride (SiON) or aluminum oxide (AlO).4. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pixel electrode comprises a reflective electrode that reflects light claim 1 , andthe counter electrode comprises a transparent or semi-transparent electrode that at least partially transmits light therethrough.5. The organic ...

Organic light-emitting display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening.

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME

A light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the same are provided. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; m emission units stacked between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and m−1 charge generation layers each between two neighboring emission units from among the m emission units, wherein m is an integer of 2 or more, at least one of the m emission units includes an inorganic mixed layer between the first electrode and the emission layer, and the inorganic mixed layer includes an inorganic insulating material and an inorganic semiconductor material.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus including an encapsulating layer having islands

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; first electrodes arranged on the substrate at separate positions; a second electrode disposed on the first electrodes to face the first electrodes; an intermediate layer disposed between the first electrodes and the second electrode and including an emission layer; a first encapsulating layer disposed on the second electrode and patterned to have a plurality of islands, the first encapsulating layer including an organic material; and a second encapsulating layer covering the islands of the first encapsulating layer and including an inorganic material.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate; a pixel electrode over the substrate; a pixel-defining layer including an opening that exposes at least a portion of the pixel electrode; an intermediate layer, which is over the portion of the pixel electrode exposed by the opening and includes an organic emission layer; a counter electrode over the intermediate layer; and an encapsulating structure, which is over the counter electrode and includes at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer, and the at least one organic layer includes quantum dots and is in the opening.

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND APPARATUS INCLUDING SAME

A light-emitting device and an apparatus including the same include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer includes m emission units and (m−1) charge generating units, each of the charge generating units being between the emission units that are adjacent to each other, m is a natural number of 2 or greater, at least one of the (m−1) charge generating units includes an n-type charge generating layer, a p-type charge generating layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, wherein the n-type charge generating layer includes an n-type organic compound and a metal material, and wherein the p-type charge generating layer and the p-type hole injection layer each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material. 1. A light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode; andan organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode,wherein the organic layer includes m emission units and (m−1) charge generating units, each of the charge generating units being between the emission units that are adjacent to each other,m is a natural number of 2 or greater,at least one of the (m−1) charge generating units includes an n-type charge generating layer, a p-type charge generating layer, and a p-type hole injection layer,wherein the n-type charge generating layer includes an n-type organic compound and a metal material, andwherein the p-type charge generating layer and the p-type hole injection layer each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material.2. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the n-type organic compound included in the n-type charge generating layer includes:a phenanthrene-based compound or a phosphine oxide-based compound.3. The light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal material included in in the n-type charge generating layer has at least one metal ...

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus

An organic light-emitting display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel electrode on the substrate, a capping layer on the pixel electrode, a second organic layer on the capping layer, a first organic layer between the capping layer and the second organic layer and corresponding to the pixel electrode, and an inorganic layer on the second organic layer.

Organic film forming composition and electronic apparatus comprising a cured product thereof

An organic film forming composition having improved hygroscopic properties (e.g., moisture-adsorbing abilities) and an electronic apparatus including a cured product of the organic film forming composition. The organic film forming composition may include a metal (meth)acrylate represented by Formula 1; and a curable material having at least two curable groups selected from the groups represented by Formulae 2A to 2D: ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY DEVICE

An display device including a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode, and a thin film encapsulation layer. The organic light-emitting diode is disposed on the substrate. The thin film encapsulation layer is disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes at least one inorganic layer, at least one organic layer, and a first refractive-index control layer. The at least one organic layer is alternately disposed with the at least one inorganic layer. The first refractive-index layer is disposed between one of the at least one inorganic layer and one of the at least one organic layer disposed adjacent to each other. The first refractive-index control layer has a refractive-index variation ratio per unit length (Δn/nm) from about 0.001/nm to about 0.002/nm along a direction from the organic light-emitting diode toward the thin film encapsulation layer. 1. A display device , comprising:a substrate;an organic light-emitting diode disposed on the substrate; anda thin film encapsulation layer disposed on the organic light-emitting diode,wherein the thin film encapsulation layer comprises:at least one inorganic layer;at least one organic layer alternately disposed with the at least one inorganic layer; anda first refractive-index control layer disposed between one of the at least one inorganic layer and one of the at least one organic layer disposed adjacent to each other,wherein the first refractive-index control layer has a refractive-index variation ratio per unit length (Δn/nm) from about 0.001/nm to about 0.002/nm along a direction from the organic light-emitting diode toward the thin film encapsulation layer.2. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first refractive-index control layer has a refractive index from about 1.5 to about 1.8.3. The display device of claim 1 , wherein the first refractive-index control layer has a refractive index gradually decreasing along a direction from the at least one inorganic layer ...

Flexible display apparatus and manufacturing method thereof

A flexible display apparatus, including a flexible substrate including a bending area and a non-bending area; a display unit on the flexible substrate; and an encapsulation unit covering the display unit, the encapsulation unit including a first inorganic film, a second inorganic film, and an organic film between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film, the organic film having a first thickness in the bending area and a second thickness greater than the first thickness in the non-bending area.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING DISPLAY DEVICE

A method of manufacturing a display device includes preparing an organic light-emitting device and forming an encapsulation member to encapsulate the organic light-emitting device. The forming of the encapsulation member includes forming a first inorganic encapsulation layer on the organic light-emitting device by providing a raw material gas on the organic light-emitting device, forming a first organic encapsulation layer by applying an organic material on the first inorganic encapsulation layer, and forming a second inorganic encapsulation layer on the first organic encapsulation layer. The raw material gas includes a nitrous oxide gas, a nitrogen gas, an ammonia gas, and a hydrogen gas, and a ratio of a sum of flow rates of the nitrous oxide gas and the nitrogen gas to a sum of flow rates of the ammonia gas and the hydrogen gas is about 1.1 or less. 1. A method of manufacturing a display device , the method comprising:preparing an organic light-emitting device; and forming a first inorganic encapsulation layer on the organic light-emitting device by providing a raw material gas on the organic light-emitting device;', 'forming a first organic encapsulation layer by applying an organic material on the first inorganic encapsulation layer; and', 'forming a second inorganic encapsulation layer on the first organic encapsulation layer,, 'forming an encapsulation member to encapsulate the organic light-emitting device, the forming of the encapsulation member comprising{'sub': 2', '2', '3', '2, 'wherein the raw material gas comprising a nitrous oxide (NO) gas, a nitrogen (N) gas, an ammonia (NH) gas, and a hydrogen (H) gas, and'}wherein a ratio of a sum of flow rates of the nitrous oxide gas and the nitrogen gas to a sum of flow rates of the ammonia gas and the hydrogen gas is equal to or less than about 1.1.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the first inorganic encapsulation layer is performed by a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device is provided to have high efficiency and long lifespan. The organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a host and a dopant; an electron blocking layer disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer; and an electron transport region disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode, in which the electron blocking layer includes a metal halide, a metal oxide, or a combination thereof, and the actually measured lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) value of the electron blocking layer is greater than the actually measured LUMO value of the host in the emission layer. 1. An organic light emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode;an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and comprising a host and a dopant;an electron blocking layer disposed between the first electrode and the emission layer; andan electron transport region disposed between the emission layer and the second electrode,wherein the electron blocking layer comprises a metal halide, a metal oxide, or a combination thereof, and an actually measured lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) value of the electron blocking layer is greater than an actually measured LUMO value of the host in the emission layer.2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the electron blocking layer comprises a metal halide claim 1 , a metal oxide claim 1 , or a combination thereof claim 1 , and does not comprise organic material.3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal halide is a halide of a metal selected from the group consisting of lithium (Li) claim 1 , beryllium (Be) claim 1 , sodium (Na) claim 1 , magnesium (Mg) claim 1 , aluminum (Al) claim 1 , potassium (K) claim 1 , calcium (Ca) ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS

An organic light-emitting display apparatus, including a substrate; a first electrode on the substrate; a second electrode on the first electrode; a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer to emit a first light; a second organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second organic emissive layer to emit a second light having a different color from the first light; an auxiliary layer on the second electrode, the auxiliary layer having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2; and a charging layer on the auxiliary layer. 1. An organic light-emitting display apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a first electrode on the substrate;a second electrode on the first electrode;a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer to emit a first light;a second organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second organic emissive layer to emit a second light having a different color from the first light;an auxiliary layer on the second electrode, the auxiliary layer having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2; anda charging layer on the auxiliary layer.2. The organic light-emitting display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the auxiliary layer is about 280 Å to about 400 Å.3. The organic light-emitting display apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the auxiliary layer includes a transmissive or semi-transmissive material.4. The organic light-emitting display apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the auxiliary layer includes copper iodide.5. The organic light-emitting display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second electrode has a silver content of about 50% or more.6. The organic light-emitting display apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , wherein a thickness of the second electrode is less than or equal to ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DISPLAY APPARATUS

An organic light-emitting display apparatus, including a substrate; a first electrode on the substrate; a second electrode on the first electrode; a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer to emit a first light; a second organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the second organic emissive layer to emit a second light having a different color from the first light; an auxiliary layer on the second electrode, the auxiliary layer having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2; and a charging layer on the auxiliary layer. 120-. (canceled)21. An organic light-emitting display apparatus comprising:a substrate;a first electrode on the substrate;a second electrode on the first electrode;a first organic emissive layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first organic emissive layer configured to emit a first light; andan auxiliary layer on the second electrode and having a refractive index equal to or higher than about 2.2.22. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 21 , wherein a thickness of the auxiliary layer is about 280 Å to about 400 Å.23. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the auxiliary layer includes a transmissive or semi-transmissive material.24. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 22 , wherein the auxiliary layer includes copper iodide (CuI).25. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the second electrode has about 50% or more Ag content.26. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 25 , wherein a thickness of the second electrode is smaller than or equal to about 100 Å.27. The organic light-emitting display apparatus of claim 21 , further comprising:a charging layer on the auxiliary layer; andan encapsulation layer on the charging layer, wherein the encapsulation layer is configured to cover the first electrode, the ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

Provided is an organic light-emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the organic layer including a low work function metal compound. 1. An organic light-emitting device , comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode; andan organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the organic layer including an electron injection layer and a layer including a low work function metal compound, the low work function metal compound including a halide of a lanthanide metal.2. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the low work function metal compound has a work function in a range of more than 0 eV to about 3 eV.3. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the low work function metal compound includes a halide of an alkali metal.4. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the low work function metal compound includes a halide of an alkaline earth metal.5. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the low work function metal compound includes a halide of a lanthanide metal.6. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the low work function metal compound includes a halide of Li claim 13 , Na claim 13 , K claim 13 , Rb claim 13 , Cs claim 13 , Be claim 13 , Mg claim 13 , Ca claim 13 , Sr claim 13 , Ba claim 13 , Yb claim 13 , or Sm.7. The organic light-emitting device as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the low work function metal compound includes LiF claim 13 , NaF claim 13 , KF claim 13 , RbF claim 13 , CsF claim 13 , BeF claim 13 , MgF claim 13 , CaF claim 13 , SrF claim 13 , BaF claim 13 , YbF claim 13 , YbF claim 13 , YbF claim 13 , or SmF.8. An organic light-emitting device claim 13 , comprising:a first electrode;a ...

ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DISPLAY DEVICE COMPRISING CAPPING LAYER

An organic light emitting diode display device includes a substrate, an organic light emitting diode on the substrate and a capping layer on the organic light emitting diode. The capping layer includes metal iodide selected from alkali metal iodide and alkaline-earth metal iodide. The organic light emitting diode may have reduced driving voltage and improved luminous efficiency. 1. An organic light emitting diode display device comprising:a substrate;an organic light emitting diode on the substrate; anda capping layer on the organic light emitting diode,wherein the capping layer comprises metal iodide.2. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal iodide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal iodide claim 1 , alkaline-earth metal iodide and combinations thereof.3. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal iodide comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of LiI claim 1 , NaI claim 1 , KI claim 1 , RbI claim 1 , CsI claim 1 , BeI claim 1 , MgI claim 1 , CaI claim 1 , SrI claim 1 , BaIand combinations thereof.4. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the capping layer has a refractive index ranging from about 1.6 to about 2.0.5. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the capping layer has a thickness ranging from about 30 nm to about 100 nm.6. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organic light emitting diode comprises:a first electrode on the substrate;an organic emissive layer on the first electrode; anda second electrode on the organic emissive layer.7. The organic light emitting diode display device as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the organic light emitting diode further comprises at least one selected from a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer claim 6 , between the first electrode and ...

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display device on the substrate, the display device including a display area and a non-display area, an encapsulation member covering the display device, a surface treatment pattern layer on the encapsulation member, the surface treatment pattern layer selectively corresponding to one of the display area and the non-display area, and a photo-functional layer corresponding to a pattern of the surface treatment pattern layer. 1. A display apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a display device on the substrate, the display device including a display area and a non-display area;an encapsulation member covering the display device;a surface treatment pattern layer on the encapsulation member, the surface treatment pattern layer selectively corresponding to one of the display area and the non-display area; anda photo-functional layer corresponding to a pattern of the surface treatment pattern layer.2. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface treatment pattern layer includes a hydrophilic material or a hydrophobic material.3. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface treatment pattern layer includes at least one selected from tetramethylsilane (TMS) claim 1 , tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) claim 1 , hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) claim 1 , tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDSO) claim 1 , hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSN) claim 1 , tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (TOMCTS) claim 1 , and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS).4. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the photo-functional layer includes a color filter that overlaps the display area or a black matrix that overlaps the non-display area.5. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein:the surface treatment pattern layer corresponds to the display area,the photo-functional layer includes the color filter, andthe color filter has a same hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface characteristic as the surface treatment pattern layer and ...

LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME

A light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; light-emitting units in the number of n between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a charge-generation unit(s) in the number of n-1 between the adjacent light-emitting units. The light-emitting units each include an emission layer, and at least one of the charge-generation unit(s) includes an n-type charge-generation layer, a p-type charge-generation layer, and an interlayer between the n-type charge-generation layer and the p-type charge-generation layer. The p-type charge-generation layer includes a first material and a second material, the first material includes a hole-transporting organic compound, an inorganic insulation compound, or any combination thereof, the second material includes at least one inorganic semiconductor compound, the interlayer comprises a third material, and the third material is selected from an organic compound, an inorganic semiconductor compound, and an inorganic insulation compound. 1. A light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode;light-emitting units in the number of n between the first electrode and the second electrode; anda charge-generation unit(s) in the number of n-1 between the adjacent light-emitting units,wherein n is a natural number of 2 or more,the light-emitting units each comprise an emission layer,at least one of the charge-generation unit(s) comprises an n-type charge-generation layer, a p-type charge-generation layer, and an interlayer between the n-type charge-generation layer and the p-type charge-generation layer,the p-type charge-generation layer comprises a first material and a second material,the first material comprises a hole-transporting organic compound, an inorganic insulation compound, or any combination thereof,the second material comprises at least one inorganic semiconductor compound,the interlayer consists of a third material, andthe ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPLAY APPARATUS

An apparatus for manufacturing a display apparatus includes a stage supporting a substrate, a deposition gas supplying unit above the substrate, the deposition gas supplying unit spraying a deposition gas onto the substrate, and a first mask between the stage and the deposition gas supplying unit, the first mask including at least two first openings through which the deposition gas selectively passes. 1. An apparatus for manufacturing a display apparatus , the apparatus comprising:a stage supporting a substrate;a deposition gas supplying unit above the stage, the deposition gas supplying unit spraying a deposition gas toward the stage; anda first mask between the stage and the deposition gas supplying unit, the first mask including at least two first openings through which the deposition gas selectively passes.2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least two first openings correspond to respective organic light-emitting devices on the substrate.3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a second mask exchangeable with the first mask claim 1 , the second mask including one second opening.4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the second opening of the second mask is larger than a combined size of the at least two first openings in the first mask.5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a chamber accommodating the stage claim 1 , the deposition gas supplying unit claim 1 , and the first mask.6. A method for manufacturing a display apparatus claim 1 , the method comprising:forming a display unit on a substrate, the display unit including organic light-emitting devices;spraying a deposition gas onto the substrate from a deposition gas supplying unit through at least two openings of a first mask, such that a first inorganic layer is formed in at least two corresponding inserted portions of the organic light-emitting devices in the display unit; andforming a second inorganic layer on the first inorganic layer. ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND DISPLAY DEVICE HAVING THE SAME

Provided is an organic light-emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, the organic layer including a low work function metal compound. 120.-. (canceled)21. An organic light-emitting device , comprising:an anode;a cathode facing the anode; and a hole transport region between the anode and the emission layer, the hole transport region including a layer and', 'an electron transport region between the emission layer and the cathode, the electron transport region including an electron injection layer, 'an organic layer between the anode and the cathode and including an emission layer, the organic layer includingwherein:the organic layer includes a metal fluoride, andthe organic layer directly contacts the anode.22. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the organic layer includes a hole injection material.23. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal has a work function in a range of more than 0 eV to 3 eV.24. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the organic layer is a hole injection layer.25. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal is an alkali metal.26. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal is an alkaline earth metal.27. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal is a lanthanide metal.28. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal includes Li claim 21 , Na claim 21 , K claim 21 , Rb claim 21 , Cs claim 21 , Be claim 21 , Mg claim 21 , Ca claim 21 , Sr claim 21 , Ba claim 21 , Yb claim 21 , or Sm.29. The organic light-emitting device of claim 21 , wherein the metal fluoride includes LiF claim 21 , NaF claim 21 , KF claim 21 , RbF claim 21 , CsF claim 21 , BeF claim 21 , MgF claim 21 , CaF claim 21 , SrF claim 21 , BaF claim 21 , YbF claim 21 , YbF claim 21 , ...

Display device and method for manufacturing the same

Provided is a display device. The display device includes a base layer, a plurality of wavelength conversion parts disposed on one surface of the base layer, a partition wall disposed between the adjacent wavelength conversion parts of the plurality of wavelength conversion parts and having a first refractive index, a cover part configured to cover the plurality of wavelength conversion parts and having a second refractive index greater than the first refractive index, and an image display part disposed on a surface provided by the partition wall and the cover part.

Encapsulation structure and display device having the encapsulation structure

An encapsulation structure includes an organic encapsulation layer. The organic encapsulation layer includes a base resin and hygroscopic composite particles including a hygroscopic composite particle. The hygroscopic composite particle includes a core and a silica layer around the core. The core includes a polymer. The silica layer includes silica.

Resin composition and display device using the same

A resin composition of an embodiment includes a (meth)acrylate monomer, a photoinitiator, and a moisture absorbent, wherein the moisture absorbent includes a hydrolysable group, and a carboxyl group after hydrolysis, thereby providing a display device with improved tolerance to moisture and moisture permeability.

FLEXIBLE DISPLAY APPARATUS AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

A flexible display apparatus, including a flexible substrate including a bending area and a non-bending area; a display unit on the flexible substrate; and an encapsulation unit covering the display unit, the encapsulation unit including a first inorganic film, a second inorganic film, and an organic film between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film, the organic film having a first thickness in the bending area and a second thickness greater than the first thickness in the non-bending area. 1. A display apparatus , comprising:a substrate including a bending area and a non-bending area;a display unit on the substrate; andan encapsulation unit covering the display unit,the encapsulation unit including a first inorganic film, a second inorganic film, and an organic film between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film,the organic film having a first thickness in the bending area and a second thickness greater than the first thickness in the non-bending area.2. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the non-bending area includes a first non-bending area and a second non-bending area, andthe bending area is between the first non-bending area and the second non-bending area.3. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the bending area includes a first bending area and a second bending area, andthe non-bending area is between the first bending area and the second bending area.4. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 3 , wherein:the first bending area has a first curvature, andthe second bending area has a second curvature smaller than the first curvature.5. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the organic film in the first bending area is thinner than the organic film in the second bending area.6. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organic film is formed according to a liquid phase deposition process.7. A manufacturing method of a display apparatus claim 1 , the ...

Light-emitting device, method of manufacturing the same, and apparatus including light-emitting device

A light-emitting device includes a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; m emission units between the first electrode and the second electrode; and m−1 charge-generating unit(s) between adjacent ones of the emission units, where m is a natural number of 2 or more. The emission units each include an emission layer. At least one of the charge-generating unit(s) includes an n-type charge-generating layer and a p-type charge-generating layer; and the n-type charge-generating layer includes a first material and a second material. The first material includes an organic electron transport compound; and the second material includes at least one selected from an alkali metal, an alkali metal alloy, an alkaline earth metal, an alkaline earth metal alloy, a lanthanide metal, and a lanthanide metal alloy. The light-emitting device may have improved hole and electron balance, a decreased driving voltage, and excellent efficiency and/or lifespan characteristics.

Organic light-emitting diode display device

An display device including a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode, and a thin film encapsulation layer. The organic light-emitting diode is disposed on the substrate. The thin film encapsulation layer is disposed on the organic light-emitting diode. The thin film encapsulation layer includes at least one inorganic layer, at least one organic layer, and a first refractive-index control layer. The at least one organic layer is alternately disposed with the at least one inorganic layer. The first refractive-index layer is disposed between one of the at least one inorganic layer and one of the at least one organic layer disposed adjacent to each other. The first refractive-index control layer has a refractive-index variation ratio per unit length (Δn/nm) from about 0.001/nm to about 0.002/nm along a direction from the organic light-emitting diode toward the thin film encapsulation layer.

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. An electron transport region is between the second electrode and the emission layer. The electron transport region includes an electron injection layer including a first component including at least one halide of an alkali metal (Group I), a second component including at least one organometallic compound, and a third component including at least one of a lanthanide metal or an alkaline earth metal (Group II). 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode; andan emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; andan electron transport region between the second electrode and the emission layer,wherein the electron transport region comprises an electron injection layer comprising a first component comprising at least one halide of an alkali metal (Group I), a second component comprising at least one organometallic compound, and a third component comprising at least one of a lanthanide metal or an alkaline earth metal (Group II).2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first component comprises one selected from LiF claim 1 , LiCl claim 1 , LiBr claim 1 , LiI claim 1 , NaF claim 1 , NaCl claim 1 , NaBr claim 1 , Nal claim 1 , KF claim 1 , KCl claim 1 , KBr claim 1 , Kl claim 1 , RbF claim 1 , RbCl claim 1 , RbBr claim 1 , Rbl claim 1 , CsF claim 1 , CsCl claim 1 , CsBr claim 1 , CsI claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the first component comprises one selected from LIE claim 1 , KCl claim 1 , KI claim 1 , RbCl claim 1 , Rbl claim 1 , or any combination thereof.4. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the second component comprises at least one metal complex claim 1 , wherein the at least one ...

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus including a substrate; a display unit disposed on the substrate; a sealing layer disposed on the display unit; a touch screen layer disposed on the sealing layer; and a buffer layer disposed between the sealing layer and the touch screen layer. The sealing layer includes n sealing units each including an organic layer and an inorganic layer, in which n is an integer of 1 or greater. The organic layer and the inorganic layer are sequentially stacked on the display unit. The organic layer includes a cured product for forming an organic layer including a first photocurable monomer. The buffer layer includes a cured product for forming a buffer layer including a second and third photocurable monomer. The first and second photocurable monomers include a photocurable functional group. The third photocurable monomer is represented by Formulae 1A to 1C. 2. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first photocurable monomer comprises at least one photocurable functional group claim 1 , and the second photocurable monomer comprises at least four photocurable functional groups.3. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first photocurable monomer is selected from ethylenegylcol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , gylcol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , hexanediol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , heptanediol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , octanediol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , nonanediol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , decanediol di(meth)acrylate claim 1 , triethylpropane tri(meth)acrylate claim 1 , pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate claim 1 , pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate claim 1 , dipentarythritol tri(meth)acrylate claim 1 , dipentarythritol tetra(meth)acrylate claim 1 , dipentarythritol penta(meth)acrylate claim 1 , dipentarythritol hexa(meth)acrylate claim 1 , and any combination thereof.4. The display apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the second photocurable monomer is selected from pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate claim 1 , dipentarythritol tetra(meth)acrylate claim ...

Organic electroluminescence device, method for manufacturing the same, and display device including the same

An organic electroluminescence device includes a first electrode, a hole transport region on the first electrode, a light emitting layer on the hole transport region, an electron transport region on the light emitting layer, and a second electrode on the electron transport region. The electron transport region includes an electron transport layer directly on the light emitting layer. The electron transport layer includes a first ternary compound including a halogen element.

HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUND AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

Provided are a heterocyclic compound and an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation portion sealing the organic light-emitting device, the thin film encapsulation portion including an ultraviolet (UV) stabilizing mixture, and the UV stabilizing mixture including a UV absorbent and a radical scavenger. 1. An electronic apparatus comprising:a substrate;an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; anda thin film encapsulation portion sealing the organic light-emitting device,wherein the thin film encapsulation portion comprises an ultraviolet (UV) stabilizing mixture, andthe UV stabilizing mixture comprises a UV absorbent and a radical scavenger.2. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the UV absorbent comprises at least one UV-absorbing compound selected from a benzophenone-containing compound, a benzoquinone-containing compound, an anthraquinone-containing compound, a xanthone-containing compound, a benzotriazine-containing compound, a benzotriazinone-containing compound, a benzotriazole-containing compound, a benzoate-containing compound, a cyanoacrylate-containing compound, a triazine-containing compound, an oxanilide-containing compound, a salicylate-containing compound, and a pyrene-containing compound, each substituted with a hydroxyl group.5. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the UV absorbent absorbs light of a wavelength of about 280 nm to about 430 nm.6. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:the radical scavenger comprises at least one radical-scavenging compound, andthe at least one radical-scavenging compound is selected from a phenol-containing compound, a hindered amine-containing compound, and a phenylenediamine-containing compound.9. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:an amount of the radical scavenger is in a range of about 0.5 parts by weight to about 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE

An organic light-emitting device includes an auxiliary layer located between a first electrode and a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer and including a metal fluoride. The metal of the metal fluoride may be a Group III metal having a high work function of 3.8 eV or more. The hole injection barrier at the interface between the first electrode and the hole injection layer may be adjusted by the fluoride of the high work function metal in the auxiliary layer so that the electron-hole charge balance and the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device may be improved. 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode facing the first electrode; andan organic layer comprising: an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer,wherein the hole transport region comprises: a hole injection layer and/or a hole transport layer located between the first electrode and the emission layer; and an auxiliary layer between the first electrode and one of the hole injection layer or the hole transport layer,the auxiliary layer comprises a fluoride of a metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or more, andthe one of the hole injection layer or the hole transport layer comprises a p-dopant.2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or more is a Group III metal.3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the metal having a work function of 3.8 eV or more is at least one selected from aluminum (Al) claim 1 , gallium (Ga) claim 1 , indium (In) claim 1 , and thallium (Tl).4. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary layer comprises at least one selected from AlF claim 1 , GaF claim 1 , InF claim 1 , and TIF.5. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the auxiliary layer consists of a single film of the fluoride of the metal claim 1 , ...

ELECTRONIC APPARATUS

Provided is an electronic apparatus including: a substrate; a pixel defined layer defining a plurality of pixel areas and a plurality of non-pixel areas on the substrate; a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged on the plurality of the pixel areas; and a thin film encapsulation portion including an organic film and sealing the pixel defined layer, or the plurality of the light-emitting diodes and the pixel defined layer, wherein the organic film includes a curable material of a composition for forming an organic film, the composition including at least one UV absorber. 1. An electronic apparatus comprising:a substrate;a pixel defined layer defining a plurality of pixel areas and a plurality of non-pixel areas on the substrate;a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged on the plurality of the pixel areas; anda thin film encapsulation portion comprising an organic film and sealing the pixel defined layer or both the plurality of the light-emitting diodes and the pixel defined layer,wherein the organic film comprises a cured product of a composition for forming an organic film, the composition comprising a curable material and an ultraviolet (UV) absorber, andwherein the curable material comprises a (meth)acrylate compound.2. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of the light-emitting diodes are arranged on the substrate to be surrounded by the pixel defined layer.3. The electronic apparatus of claim 1 , wherein:thin film encapsulation portion further comprises at least one inorganic film, andthe thin film encapsulation portion comprises a sealing unit in which the organic film and the inorganic film are stacked, in the number of n, n being an integer of 1 or more.4. The electronic apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the inorganic film comprises at least one selected from a metal claim 3 , a metal halide claim 3 , a metal nitride claim 3 , a metal oxide claim 3 , a metal oxynitride claim 3 , a silicon nitride claim 3 , a silicon oxide claim 3 , ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE DEVICE AND COMPOUND FOR CHARGE GENERATION LAYER INCLUDED THEREIN

Disclosed is an organic light-emitting diode device including: a first electrode; a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode; m light-emitting units (where m is an integer of 2 or more) disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and including at least one light-emitting layer; and m-1 charge generation layers each interposed between two adjacent light-emitting units of the m light-emitting units; wherein at least one of the m-1 charge generation layers includes a compound for a charge generation layer, which includes a boron-containing compound bonded to a metal halide by a one-electron sigma bond. 1. An organic light-emitting diode device comprising:a first electrode;a second electrode disposed opposite to the first electrode;m light-emitting units (where m is an integer of 2 or more) disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and comprising at least one light-emitting layer; andm-1 charge generation layers each interposed between two adjacent light-emitting units of the m light-emitting units; {'br': None, 'sub': 2', '1', 'a, 'YYB-M(X)\u2003\u2003Formula 1'}, 'wherein at least one of the m-1 charge generation layers comprises a compound represented by Formula 1 belowwherein:M is a metal selected from the group consisting of Group 1 metals, Group 2 metals, transition metals, post-transition metals, lanthanides, and actinides, which have a work function of 4.0 eV or less;X is a halogen element selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I;a is a natural number ranging from 1 to 4; and{'sub': 1', '2', '1', '40', '6', '40', '1', '2', '6', '40, 'Yand Yare the same or different, and are each independently one or more selected from the group consisting of a halogen, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an amine group, a C-Calkyl group, a C-Caryl group, and a 5-to 40-membered heteroaryl group, or they may be bonded to an adjacent group to form a condensed ring, provided that at least one of Yand ...

Light-emitting device

A light-emitting device is provided. The device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, a hole transport region between the first electrode and the emission layer, and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode. The hole transport region may include a hole transport layer, which in turn includes a first perovskite compound [A 1 l ][B 1 m ][X 1 ] n with a neutral defect. A hole concentration of the first perovskite compound may be from about 1.0×10 16 to about 9×10 18 cm −3 at about 25° C.

DISPLAY APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix. 1. A display apparatus , comprising:a substrate;a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements; andan encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display,wherein the encapsulator includes at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, andthe at least one organic film includes a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix.2. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent is a compound that includes a hydroxyl group.3. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent includes one or more of a benzophenone compound claim 1 , a benzotriazole compound claim 1 , a benzoate compound claim 1 , a cyanoacrylate compound claim 1 , a triazine compound claim 1 , an oxanilide compound claim 1 , and a salicylate compound.4. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent is cross-linked with the matrix.5. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the ultraviolet light absorbent is a compound that includes at least one of an acrylate group claim 4 , a methacrylate group claim 4 , and an epoxy group.6. The display apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the at least one organic film includes a first organic film and a second organic film, andthe first organic film includes a first ultraviolet light absorbent and the second organic film includes a second ultraviolet light absorbent, a wavelength range of light absorbed by the first ultraviolet light absorbent being different from ...

LIGHTING DEVICE HAVING A PHOTOCONVERSION LAYER

A lighting device includes a light source and a photoconversion layer including a perovskite compound represented by Formula 1. The perovskite compound absorbs at least part of light emitted from the light source and emits light having a different wavelength range from the absorbed light: 1. A lighting device comprising:a light source; and {'br': None, 'sub': '3', '[A][B][X]\u2003\u2003'}, 'a photoconversion layer comprising a perovskite compound represented by Formula 1, the perovskite compound absorbing at least part of light emitted from the light source and emitting light having a different wavelength range from a wavelength range of the absorbed lightwherein, in Formula 1,A is at least one monovalent organic cation, at least one a monovalent inorganic cation, or any combination thereof,B is at least one divalent inorganic cation, andX is at least one monovalent anion.2. The lighting device of claim 1 , wherein A is (RRRC) claim 1 , (RRRRN) claim 1 , (RRRRP) claim 1 , (RRRRAs) claim 1 , (RRRRSb) claim 1 , (RRN═C(R)—NRR) claim 1 , a substituted or unsubstituted cycloheptatrienium claim 1 , a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 5-membered cyclic monovalent cation claim 1 , a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing 6-membered cyclic monovalent cation claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Na claim 1 , Rb claim 1 , Cs claim 1 , Fr claim 1 , or any combination thereof claim 1 ,{'sub': 1', '5', '1', '60', '2', '60', '2', '60', '1', '60', '6', '60', '1', '2, 'Rto Rare each independently selected from a hydrogen, a deuterium (-D), —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C-Calkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C-Caryl group, or —N(Q)(Q),'}{'sub': 1', '60', '2', '60', '2', '60', '1', '60', '6', '60', '3', '4, 'at least one substituent of the substituted cycloheptatrienium, the ...

ORGANIC LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate, an organic light-emitting diode on the substrate, an encapsulation layer sealing the organic light-emitting diode, and an ultraviolet-reflective layer, the encapsulation layer including at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer that are alternately stacked, at least one selected from the at least one organic layer included in the encapsulation layer including an ultraviolet-absorbing material, and the ultraviolet-reflective layer consisting of an inorganic material. 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising:a substrate;an organic light-emitting diode on the substrate;an encapsulation layer sealing the organic light-emitting diode; andan ultraviolet-reflective layer,wherein the organic light-emitting diode is between the substrate and the encapsulation layer,the encapsulation layer is between the organic light-emitting diode and the ultraviolet-reflective layer,the encapsulation layer comprises at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer that are alternately stacked,at least one selected from the at least one organic layer comprised in the encapsulation layer comprises an ultraviolet-absorbing material, andthe ultraviolet-reflective layer consists of an inorganic material.2. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the encapsulation layer comprises n encapsulation units claim 1 , in which an inorganic layer and an organic layer are stacked sequentially from the organic light-emitting diode claim 1 , andwherein n is an integer of 1 or more.3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet-reflective layer is a multi-layered film including two or more inorganic films claim 1 , in which inorganic films having different refractive indices are alternately stacked.4. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1 , wherein the ultraviolet-reflective layer comprises m stacking units claim 1 , in which a first inorganic film having a first ...

Heterocyclic compound and electronic apparatus

Provided are a heterocyclic compound and an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate; and a thin film encapsulation portion sealing the organic light-emitting device, the thin film encapsulation portion including an ultraviolet (UV) stabilizing mixture, and the UV stabilizing mixture including a UV absorbent and a radical scavenger.

Display device

A display device (10) includes a display substrate (100) including at least one step portion (S), and a thin film encapsulation layer (200) above the display substrate (100), the thin film encapsulation layer (200) including a buffer layer (210) configured to reduce a height difference due to the at least one step portion (S) and a barrier layer (220) above the buffer layer (210), the buffer layer (210) including a plurality of sub-layers (222) and interfaces (226) between the plurality of sub-layers (222), and the interfaces (226) including a curved surface changing from a concave shape to a convex shape toward a portion overlapping the step portion (S) from an outer portion of the step portion (S).

Light-emitting device and apparatus including the same

A light-emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and an interlayer located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The interlayer may include an emission layer that includes a first material, a second material, and a third material. The first material may include an inorganic semiconductor compound, an inorganic insulator compound, or any combination thereof. The second material may include a lanthanide metal. The third material may include an organic compound. An apparatus including the light-emitting device is provided.

Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a display arranged on the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, and an encapsulator arranged on the display and encapsulating the display. The encapsulator may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film, and the at least one organic film may include a matrix and an ultraviolet light absorbent dispersed in the matrix.

Light-emitting device and apparatus including the same

A light-emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and an interlayer located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The interlayer may include an emission layer that includes a first material, a second material, and a third material. The first material may include an inorganic semiconductor compound, an inorganic insulator compound, or any combination thereof. The second material may include a lanthanide metal. The third material may include an organic compound. An apparatus including the light-emitting device is provided.

Light-emitting device and apparatus including same

A light-emitting device and an apparatus including the same include a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer includes m emission units and (m−1) charge generating units, each of the charge generating units being between the emission units that are adjacent to each other, m is a natural number of 2 or greater, at least one of the (m−1) charge generating units includes an n-type charge generating layer, a p-type charge generating layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, wherein the n-type charge generating layer includes an n-type organic compound and a metal material, and wherein the p-type charge generating layer and the p-type hole injection layer each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material.

Light-emitting device, method of manufacturing the same, and apparatus including light-emitting device

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device includes an auxiliary layer located between a first electrode and a hole injection layer or a hole transport layer and including a metal fluoride. The metal of the metal fluoride may be a Group III metal having a high work function of 3.8 eV or more. The hole injection barrier at the interface between the first electrode and the hole injection layer may be adjusted by the fluoride of the high work function metal in the auxiliary layer so that the electron-hole charge balance and the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device may be improved.

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Organic light-emitting display apparatus

Light-emitting device and electronic apparatus including the same

A light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus including the same are provided. The light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; m emission units stacked between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer; and m-1 charge generation layers each between two neighboring emission units from among the m emission units, wherein m is an integer of 2 or more, at least one of the m emission units includes an inorganic mixed layer between the first electrode and the emission layer, and the inorganic mixed layer includes an inorganic insulating material and an inorganic semiconductor material.

Organic light-emitting device

An organic light-emitting device including: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; a first emission unit and a second emission unit between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a first charge generation layer between the first emission unit and the second emission unit; wherein the first emission unit includes a first emission layer and a first inorganic buffer layer, and the second emission unit includes a second emission layer and a second inorganic buffer layer.

Lighting device having a photoconversion layer

Display device and manufacturing method thereof

A display device includes a display panel in which a display region and a pad region are defined. The display panel includes a base substrate, pixels disposed on the base substrate and disposed in the display region, a pad disposed on the base substrate, disposed in the pad region, and including a first surface and second surfaces connected to the first surface, and a protective layer which covers the pad and in which an opening exposing a first upper surface portion of the first surface of the pad is defined. A first thickness of a first portion of the protective layer covering a second upper surface portion of the first surface of the pad adjacent to the first upper surface portion of the first surface of the pad may be greater than a second thickness of a second portion of the protective layer covering second surfaces of the pad.