Vertically aligned liquid crystal display device with visual angle compensation

A vertically aligned liquid crystal cell to be simple-matrix driven is disposed between two polarizing plates crossed-Nicol disposed, the liquid crystal cell including a liquid crystal layer having a retardation in a cross section in a thickness direction larger than 550 nm. A C plate and a biaxial plate are disposed collectively between the liquid crystal cell and one of the polarizing plates, the C plate being disposed on the liquid crystal cell side and the biaxial plate being disposed on the polarizing plate side. The biaxial plate is disposed in such a manner that the in-plane delay phase axis of the biaxial plate is perpendicular to the absorption axis of the adjacent polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates; first and second electrodes provided on the first and second substrates respectively; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates. The first electrode includes first openings each having an elongated shape in a first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the first openings adjacent in the first direction. The second electrode includes second openings each having an elongated shape in the first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the second openings adjacent in the first direction. Each of the first and second openings has a recess in at least either of two outer edge parts along the first direction in a planar view.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal layer squeezed between first and second substrates and vertically aligned at a retardation of 300-1000 nm; first and second compensators disposed on the first substrate and having negative biaxial optical anisotropy; a first polarizer disposed on the first and second compensators; and a second polarizer on the second substrate disposed crossed-Nichol with said first polarizer, wherein: the second compensator is disposed between the first substrate and first compensator; an in-plane slow axis of the first compensator is disposed perpendicular to an absorption axis of the first polarizer; the in-plane slow axis of the first compensator is disposed perpendicular to an in-plane slow axis of the second compensator; and a retardation in an in-plane direction of the first compensator is larger than that of the second compensator.

LAMP UNIT, VEHICULAR LAMP SYSTEM

To increase the light utilization efficiency when selective light irradiation is performed using a liquid crystal element (a liquid crystal device). A lamp unit including: (a) a light source; (b) a reflective polarizing plate disposed at a position where light from the light source is incident; (c) a reflecting mirror configured to reflect a reflected light generated by the reflective polarizing plate and re-enters the reflected light to the reflective polarizing plate; (d) a liquid crystal device disposed on the light emitting surface side of the reflective polarizing plate; (e) a polarizing plate disposed on the light emitting surface side of the liquid crystal device; and (f) a lens disposed on the light emitting surface side of the polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display

A LCD device containing an active drive dot matrix LCD element, each pixel containing subsidiary pixels each having a color filter; a passive drive segment display LCD element laminated on rear side of the active drive LCD element, having segment electrode, arranged to be applied with a set voltage, the segment electrode having edge defining a segment shape; cross-nicol polarizers disposed on both outer sides of the LCD elements; controller circuit including first part controlling voltages to be applied to subsidiary pixels, and second part controlling voltages to be applied to the segment electrode; wherein the display device produce normally black display in the absence of applied voltage; and wherein when the segment electrode is activated, those subsidiary pixels in pixels outside the edge of the activated segment electrode are partly driven and partly not driven, displaying different color or intermediate grade, than the conventional art.

Segment display-type liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates placed opposite each other, a common electrode on one side of the first substrate to substantially cover a whole surface, a segment electrode on one side of the second substrate, a routing wire on one side of the second substrate and connected to the segment electrode, a liquid-crystalline resin film without electrical conductivity on one side of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal film between the substrates, and being subject to twisted alignment between the substrates. The liquid-crystalline resin film has refractive index anisotropy being substantially equal to that of a liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal film, is subject to twisted alignment, and is disposed to fill a space between the routing wire and the common electrode. The liquid crystal film is disposed to fill a space between the segment electrode and the common electrode.

Segment display-type liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates placed opposite each other, a common electrode on one side of the first substrate to substantially cover a whole surface, a segment electrode on one side of the second substrate, a routing wire on one side of the second substrate and connected to the segment electrode, a liquid-crystalline resin film without electrical conductivity on one side of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal film between the substrates. The liquid-crystalline resin film has refractive index anisotropy being substantially equal to that of a liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal film, has molecular alignment being substantially equal to that of the liquid crystal film, and is disposed to fill a space between the routing wire and the common electrode. The liquid crystal film is disposed to fill a space between the segment electrode and the common electrode.

Liquid crystal display device and its manufacture method

A liquid crystal display device using a low duty ratio driving method with a duty ratio not smaller than 1/16 is manufactured in the following manner. A first substrate is prepared having a first electrode of a predetermined shape. A second substrate is prepared having a second electrode of a shape different from said predetermined shape, the second electrode having signal line electrodes smaller in number than those of the first electrode. An insulating film having necessary insulation is formed on each of the first and second electrodes. First and second vertical alignment films are formed above the first and second substrates, respectively, the first and second vertical alignment films covering the first and second electrodes, respectively. A rubbing process is executed only for the second vertical alignment film. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other, and liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy is disposed between the first and second ...

Liquid crystal display element

A simple matrix type dot-matrix liquid crystal display element includes a first and a second transparent substrate disposed opposite to each other, first and second transparent electrodes disposed on the opposed face of the first and the second transparent substrate, respectively, a first and a second vertical alignment film disposed on the opposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate to cover the first and the second electrodes, respectively, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the opposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate and having Deltaepsilon<0 and Deltand>450 nm, and a first and a second viewing angle compensation plate disposed on the unopposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate, respectively, wherein in the first transparent electrode, openings extending in a predefined direction are aligned.

Liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer, a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other and which sandwich the liquid crystal layer. First electrodes and second electrodes are both provided to one surface side of the first substrate. First lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the first electrodes. Second lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the second electrodes. A jumper wiring is provided to one surface side of the second substrate and superimposed with each portion of two or more second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings and a conductive material interposed between each portion of the two or more second lead wirings and the jumper wiring, between the first substrate and the second substrate.

Liquid crystal display having particular viewing angle compensators

A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal layer squeezed between first and second substrates and vertically aligned at a retardation of 300-1000 nm; first and second compensators disposed on the first substrate and having negative biaxial optical anisotropy; a first polarizer disposed on the first and second compensators; and a second polarizer on the second substrate disposed crossed-Nichol with said first polarizer, wherein: the second compensator is disposed between the first substrate and first compensator; an in-plane slow axis of the first compensator is disposed perpendicular to an absorption axis of the first polarizer; the in-plane slow axis of the first compensator is disposed perpendicular to an in-plane slow axis of the second compensator; and a retardation in an in-plane direction of the first compensator is larger than that of the second compensator.

Liquid crystal display device

The liquid crystal display has first and second substrates having electrodes and a pretilt angle of 88.5° to 89.5°, a liquid crystal layer, having a thickness of d and made of liquid crystal molecule material which has a twist structure at a twist angle of 160° to 240° in a voltage application state, the liquid crystal layer containing chiral material having a pitch of p, where d/p is 0.2 to 0.74, a first polarizer disposed facing the first substrate, the first polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a first direction, a second polarizer disposed facing the second substrate, the second polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a second direction having an angle of 85° to 95° relative to the first direction, and an optical anisotropic plate disposed at least one of between the first substrate and first polarizer and between the second substrate and second polarizer.

Liquid crystal display device and its manufacture method

A liquid crystal display device using a low duty ratio driving method with a duty ratio not smaller than 1/16 is manufactured in the following manner. A first substrate is prepared having a first electrode of a predetermined shape. A second substrate is prepared having a second electrode of a shape different from said predetermined shape, the second electrode having signal line electrodes smaller in number than those of the first electrode. An insulating film having necessary insulation is formed on each of the first and second electrodes. First and second vertical alignment films are formed above the first and second substrates, respectively, the first and second vertical alignment films covering the first and second electrodes, respectively. A rubbing process is executed only for the second vertical alignment film. The first and second substrates are disposed facing each other, and liquid crystal having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy is disposed between the first and second ...

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus having improved display uniformity

A mono domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus to be multiplex driven is provided whose display uniformity at a large pretilt angle (near 90°) is improved. Waveform A is applied to a liquid crystal cell of a mono domain vertical alignment type, the waveform A having a duty not lower than 4 and a frame frequency of f. The frame frequency f is determined from a pretilt angle θp, and is a frequency not lower than 60 Hz at a pretilt angle of 88.5°≦θp<89.6° or a frequency not lower than [120×(θp−89.6)+60] Hz at a pretilt angle of 89.6°≦θp≦89.9°.

Optical apparatus

Provided is an optical apparatus that is capable of switching between a state in which the optical apparatus can reflect light and a state in which the optical apparatus can output light and suppressing deterioration of display quality of a light reflection image. The optical apparatus includes: a light emitting device having a light emitting surface; an absorption type polarizing plate disposed opposite to the light emitting surface of the light emitting device; a liquid crystal optical element disposed between the light emitting device and the absorption type polarizing plate; a reflection type polarizing plate disposed between the light emitting device and the liquid crystal optical element; and an adhesive layer disposed on a surface of the reflection type polarizing plate that faces the light emitting device.

Lamp unit, vehicular lamp system

To obtain projection images with high contrast when selective light irradiation is performed forward of its own vehicle. A lamp unit for a vehicular lamp system performing selective light irradiation to the surroundings of the own vehicle includes: a light source; an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; and an optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part. The optical shutter part includes: polarizers; a liquid crystal element disposed between the polarizers and where the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon electric field application; a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between the polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; and a second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element.

Liquid crystal display

To improve the display uniformity in a vertical alignment liquid crystal display. A liquid crystal display includes: first and second substrates; first and second electrodes provided the substrates, respectively; first and second vertical alignment films provided on the substrates respectively; a plurality of columnar spacers disposed at least in a region where the first and second electrodes are superimposed, and provided between the first and second substrates; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates. The first vertical alignment film is subject to an alignment treatment in one direction. The liquid crystal layer has a pretilt angle during non-application of voltage. Each columnar spacer has a profile, in a planar view, which is not orthogonal to and which is not parallel with an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at substantially center of the liquid crystal layer in a layer thickness direction.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ELEMENT

A liquid crystal display element comprises a first and a second substrates, a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer, and a first and a second polarizers arranged to cross approximately their absorption axes and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied at almost 45 degrees. At least one of the electrodes comprises a polyline extending to an extending direction as a whole and having no straight line in parallel to the extending direction along an electrode edge, and the polyline is formed along an edge of at least one of the first and the second electrodes where the alignment directions when a voltage is applied and when no voltage is applied are opposite to each other if the polyline is a straight line along the extending direction. 1. A liquid crystal display element , comprising:a first substrate on which a first electrode is formed;a second substrate on which a second electrode is formed and arranged in parallel to the first substrate to make the first and the second electrodes face each other;a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer placed between the first substrate and the second substrate;a first polarizer positioned on the first substrate on an opposite ID side of the liquid crystal layer; anda second polarizer positioned on the second substrate on an opposite side of the liquid crystal layer and arranged in almost crossed Nicols to the first polarizer, whereinthe first and the second polarizers are arranged to cross their absorption axes and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules in a center of a thickness of the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode at almost 45 degrees,at least one of the first and the second electrodes comprises a polyline extending to an extending direction as a whole and having no straight line in parallel to the extending direction along an edge demarcating an outline of a display region where the first and the second ...

Liquid crystal display device

To provide an IPS mode liquid crystal display device suitable for a segment display type that is easy to dispose each electrode and lead wirings on the same surface. The liquid crystal display device comprises first lead wirings each connected to one of the first electrodes, second lead wirings each connected to one of the second electrodes, a terminal part exposed on one edge of the first substrate without overlapping the second substrate, first external extraction electrode terminals, a detour wiring provided to the terminal part that connects several second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings to each other, with each of first external extraction electrode terminals electrically insulated, second external extraction electrode terminals where each is connected to the second lead wirings connected to the detour wirings or the second lead wirings not connected to the detour wirings of the second lead wirings.

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device with viewing angle characteristics improved by disposing optical plates

First and second polarizers are disposed in cross Nichol configuration. A liquid crystal cell is disposed between the two polarizers and establishes vertical alignment in a state of no voltage application. An even number of optical films having optical anisotropy and disposed between the liquid crystal cell and first polarizer. A retardation of the liquid crystal cell is in a range between 300 nm and 1500 nm; and each optical film satisfies nx>nynz, an in-plane retardation is smaller than 300 nm, a thickness direction retardation is in a ranger between 50 nm and 300 nm, an angle between an in-plane slow axis of the optical film disposed nearest to the first polarizer and an absorption axis of the first polarizer is smaller than 45°, and the slow axes of mutually adjacent optical films are perpendicular to each other.

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate including a first electrode, a second substrate including a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate which is controlled to a substantially vertical orientation having a pretilt angle smaller than 90 degrees. The first electrode includes a plurality of rectangular openings extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules at substantially a center of the liquid crystal layer. A plurality of first areas and a plurality of second areas disposed mutually alternately are set in an effective display area in which the first electrode and the second electrode overlap in a planar view. Relative positions of the openings are mutually unmatched relative to at least a part of the plurality of second areas, and the openings are not formed in the plurality of first areas.

Liquid crystal display element

Provided is a liquid crystal display element including: a first substrate which includes a first electrode; a second substrate which is disposed to oppose the first substrate and includes a second electrode; and a liquid crystal layer which is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of openings which are elongated in a first direction and are adjacent to each other along the first direction, and when two openings of the plurality of openings which are adjacent to each other along the first direction are viewed, one of opening widths of opposing portions is large and the other thereof is small.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To further reduce time necessary to eliminate the problem caused by static electricity. The liquid crystal display apparatus includes a plurality of unit display regions and the plurality of unit display regions are arranged along a first direction spaced from one another. At least one of a plurality of first electrodes has a plurality of electrode parts corresponding to each of the plurality of unit display regions and are mutually separated and arranged apart from one another in the first direction, a plurality of first lead wirings where each first lead wiring extends in the direction different from the first direction and extends outside an inner area, and a first crossover wiring disposed outside the inner area and mutually connects the plurality of first lead wirings.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To provide a technique that prevents electrode disconnection in a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a plurality of openings in an electrode. The apparatus comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode comprises first openings and the second electrode comprises second openings. Each first opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with a first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. Each opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with the first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. The first openings and second openings are alternately disposed column by column along a second direction that crosses the first direction.

CONTROL DEVICE FOR VEHICULAR LAMP, CONTROL METHOD FOR VEHICULAR LAMP, VEHICULAR LAMP SYSTEM

To reliably perform light irradiation in a vehicular lamp system using a liquid crystal element even in a cryogenic environment. A control device for a vehicular lamp comprising a light source and a liquid crystal element where the liquid crystal element is set to a light-shielded state and the light source is set to a light-on state to heat the liquid crystal element by the light emitted from the light source when the temperature of the liquid crystal element is estimated to be lower than a predetermined value.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A liquid crystal display can include: first and second substrates; a first electrode formed on the first substrate; a first vertical alignment film formed above the first substrate; a second electrode formed on the second substrate; a second vertical alignment film formed above the second substrate; a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between and above the first and second substrates; a first polarizer having a first direction as a transmission axis direction and disposed facing a surface of the first substrate; and a second polarizer having a second direction as a transmission axis direction and disposed facing a surface of the second substrate, wherein the first and second polarizers are disposed, as viewed along a normal direction of the first and second substrates, in such a manner that the first direction crosses the second direction at an angle other than a right angle to realize a normally black display.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

A liquid crystal display apparatus with electrodes comprising openings that is less susceptible to disturbance of the contour shape of the display part. The apparatus includes two substrates, a first electrode, a second electrode. A display part is demarcated in a region where the two electrodes overlap, and an offset region is set from the display part edge to the inside. The electrodes comprise first openings disposed in a non offset region, and second openings disposed in the offset region. First openings comprises a shape wherein a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a first direction and a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a second direction are connected. Second openings comprises openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the first direction, and openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the second direction.

Lamp unit, vehicular lamp system

To increase the light utilization efficiency when selective light irradiation is performed using a liquid crystal element (a liquid crystal device). A lamp unit including: a light source; a reflective polarizing plate disposed at a position where light from the light source is incident; a reflecting mirror configured to reflect a reflected light generated by the reflective polarizing plate and re-enters the reflected light to the reflective polarizing plate; a liquid crystal device disposed on the light emitting surface side of the reflective polarizing plate; a polarizing plate disposed on the light emitting surface side of the liquid crystal device; and a lens disposed on the light emitting surface side of the polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display device and process for producing the same

A liquid crystal display comprising: a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer located between a first and a second substrate, a first and a second polarizing layer, and an optical compensation plate having negative biaxial optical anisotropy; wherein at least either the first or the second substrate has protrusions having approximately the same first height and protruding into the liquid crystal layer, the protrusions being formed only inside of the sealing material, the liquid crystal layer in the protrusion-free position having a second height, and the area of the region in which the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the first height from the second height as a result of the existence of the protrusions accounting for %, which belongs to 5% to 50%, of the area of the region where the liquid crystal layer exists on the substrate with protrusions.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To provide a segment display-type liquid crystal display apparatus that readily prevents display flaws caused by disconnection. The apparatus displays a predetermined pattern shape, comprising a first and a second electrode disposed so that a portion of each overlaps, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the electrodes. The first electrode comprises hollow parts open in accordance with the pattern shape, and a plurality of first openings, each having a first area extending in a first direction. The region where the electrodes overlap is divided into a first region demarcated by a portion of a contour of a hollow part and a first boundary part wherein the distance in the first direction between contours of a hollow part is 1.5 times the length of the first area, and a second region other than the first region, and the plurality of first openings is disposed correspondingly in the first region.

Liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates each disposed on each opposing plane and having an electrode of a predetermine shape; a vertical alignment film formed covering each of the electrodes of the pair of substrates and subjected to a rubbing alignment process; an insulating film formed between the electrode and the vertical alignment film in each of the pair of substrates and having necessary insulation; and liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of substrates and having a negative dielectric anisotropy Δε and a specific resistance ρc1 of 1.0×1014 Ωcm to 1.0×1015 Ωcm, wherein a structure between the electrodes is selected to satisfy conditions of T≦5.2×τc1×1/(1×1012) sec and T≦500 sec, where T is a charge resident time until a display image disappears completely after static electricity of 10 kV is applied between the electrodes of the pair of substrate and the display image is tuned on. It is possible to prevent alignment defects to be caused by static electricity ...

Liquid crystal display

The liquid crystal display comprises a first substrate having a first electrode formed on one side, and a second substrate having a second electrode formed on one side and which is placed opposite to the first substrate so that the second electrode and the first electrode of the first substrate face each other. A liquid crystal layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first electrode includes a plurality of first openings provided in a regular checkered pattern with each first opening having a shape extending in a first direction. The second electrode includes a plurality of second openings provided in a regular checkered pattern with each second opening having a shape extending in the first direction. The plurality of first openings and the plurality of second openings are relatively arranged so that each of the plurality of first openings is positioned between two second openings which are adjacent in a planar view among the plurality of second openings.

Liquid crystal display comprising a biaxial plate and a C-plate

A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display, which has a liquid crystal layer whose retardation value is about 600 nm or more, can solve the viewing angle problems associated with the wider viewing angle. The liquid crystal display can include a vertical alignment liquid crystal cell, and first and second polarizing plates cross-Nicol disposed on respective sides of the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystal layer with a retardation of about 600 nm or more. A biaxial plate is provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizing plate, and two C-plates are provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display having pixel electrodes with tilted pixel edges

A liquid crystal display device includes a first and a second substrate placed opposite each other, a first electrode provided on the first substrate extending in a first direction, a second electrode provided on the second substrate extending in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, and a vertically-aligned liquid crystal layer provided between the two substrates. A pixel is defined where the two electrodes intersect, and alignment treatment is performed to the first or second substrate in a direction parallel to the first direction. The first electrode has a linear shape in which electrode edges on either side extend in the first direction, and the second electrode is of a polygonal line shape in which an electrode edge of one side includes a line segment which obliquely crosses the first direction, and the pixel is demarcated by pixel edges including obliquely crossing line segments.

Liquid crystal display element

The following constitution provides a vertically oriented liquid crystal display element of higher quality having almost uniform visibility in any direction attained by improving obliquely viewed visibility. The liquid crystal display element comprises a pair of substrates, transparent electrodes having predetermined patterns formed on the respective substrates, vertical orienting membranes respectively formed on the transparent electrodes and rubbed in a predetermined direction and a liquid crystal layer consisting of the liquid crystal molecules sandwiched by the substrates. The substrates are arranged such that respective transparent electrodes face each other. Series of nearly rectangular slits are formed on the respective transparent electrodes by removing portions of the electrodes in a display area formed by the electrodes. Series of the slits on one and other transparent electrodes are alternately arranged in a normal direction to a longitudinal direction of series of the slits, ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

The liquid crystal display device comprises a first and a second substrate placed opposite each other, a first electrode provided on the first substrate extending in a first direction, a second electrode provided on the second substrate extending in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction, and a vertically-aligned liquid crystal layer provided between the two substrates. A pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect, and alignment treatment is performed to the first or second substrate in a direction parallel to the first direction, and the first electrode is a linear shape in which electrode edges on either side extend in the first direction, and the second electrode is of a broken curve shape in which an electrode edge of one side includes a line segment which obliquely crosses the first direction, and with the pixel, pixel edges are demarcated including the obliquely crossing line segments.

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus having improved display uniformity

A mono domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus to be multiplex driven is provided whose display uniformity at a large pretilt angle (near 90°) is improved. Waveform A is applied to a liquid crystal cell of a mono domain vertical alignment type, the waveform A having a duty not lower than 4 and a frame frequency of f. The frame frequency f is determined from a pretilt angle θp, and is a frequency not lower than 60 Hz at a pretilt angle of 88.5°≦θp<89.6° or a frequency not lower than [120×(θp−89.6)+60] Hz at a pretilt angle of 89.6°≦θp≦89.9°.

Liquid crystal display

A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display, which has a liquid crystal layer whose retardation value is about 600 nm or more, can solve the viewing angle problems associated with the wider viewing angle. The liquid crystal display can include a vertical alignment liquid crystal cell, and first and second polarizing plates cross-Nicol disposed on respective sides of the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystal layer with a retardation of about 600 nm or more. A C-plate and an A-plate are provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizing plate, and two C-plates are provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To increase production efficiency while retaining the display quality of a liquid crystal display apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode on the first substrate extending in a first direction, a second electrode on the second substrate extending in a second direction which intersects to the first direction, a liquid crystal layer provided between the two substrates. A pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect and an orientation process is performed perpendicular to the second direction on one of the substrates. The electrode edge shape of the second electrode includes lines that are obliquely crossed relative to the direction of orientation process and periodically bend back. The pixel edges of the pixel are demarcated including the lines obliquely crossed, and all change points where the lines of the electrode edge of the second electrode interconnects are disposed to superimpose with the first electrode.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

The apparatus comprises a first and a second substrate disposed facing each other, a first electrode comprising first openings provided to the first substrate, a second electrode comprising second openings provided to the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and the second substrate. A display part is defined in a region where the first and the second electrode overlap, each of the first openings is formed into a rectangular shape in the planar view, each of the second openings is formed into a rectangular shape or cruciform shape in the planar view, the second electrode comprises rectangular regions cyclically disposed inside the display part in the planar view, the four sides that define each of the rectangular regions respectively contact any portion of the second openings, and each of the first openings is disposed overlapping any of the rectangular sections in the planar view.

Liquid crystal display device whose electrodes have slits arranged in a staggered and alternating fashion

A liquid crystal display device whose transparent electrodes have slits of a rectangle shape or a parallelogram shape. The slits include slits of first and second kinds having different angles relative to a row direction. The slit of the first kind in one transparent electrode and the slit of the second kind in the other transparent electrode are alternately disposed along the column direction to form a first slit column, and the slit of the second kind in the one transparent electrode and the slit of the second kind in the other transparent electrode are alternately disposed along the column direction to form a second slit column. The first slit column and second slit column are alternately disposed along the row direction, and each position of slits of the first slit column is shifted by half a slit period from each position of slits of the second slit column.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A LCD device containing an active drive dot matrix LCD element, each pixel containing subsidiary pixels each having a color filter; a passive drive segment display LCD element laminated on rear side of the active drive LCD element, having segment electrode, arranged to be applied with a set voltage, the segment electrode having edge defining a segment shape; cross-nicol polarizers disposed on both outer sides of the LCD elements; controller circuit including first part controlling voltages to be applied to subsidiary pixels, and second part controlling voltages to be applied to the segment electrode; wherein the display device produce normally black display in the absence of applied voltage; and wherein when the segment electrode is activated, those subsidiary pixels in pixels outside the edge of the activated segment electrode are partly driven and partly not driven, displaying different color or intermediate grade, than the conventional art.

Liquid crystal display element

A liquid crystal display element comprises a pair of substrates facing each other with a predetermined gap, strips of first electrodes formed on one substrate, strips of second electrodes formed on another substrate and crossing the first electrodes, an alignment film formed on at least one of the substrates and treated with an alignment process in a direction not perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the second electrodes, a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal layer placed between the substrates and having a pretilt angle, and a pair of polarizers sandwiching the substrates, wherein the fist and the second electrodes cross each other to form pixels, and non-uniform alignment regions where liquid crystal molecules in a center of a thickness of the liquid crystal layer are aligned in a different direction from the direction defined by the alignment process appear near an edge of each pixel.

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus having improved display uniformity

A mono domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus to be multiplex driven is provided whose display uniformity at a large pretilt angle (near 90°) is improved. Waveform A is applied to a liquid crystal cell of a mono domain vertical alignment type, the waveform A having a duty not lower than 4 and a frame frequency of f. The frame frequency f is determined from a pretilt angle θp, and is a frequency not lower than 60 Hz at a pretilt angle of 88.5°≦θp<89.6° or a frequency not lower than [120×(θp−89.6)+60] Hz at a pretilt angle of 89.6°≦θp≦89.9°.

Control device for vehicular lamp, control method for vehicular lamp, vehicular lamp system

To reliably perform light irradiation in a vehicular lamp system using a liquid crystal element even in a cryogenic environment. A control device for a vehicular lamp comprising a light source and a liquid crystal element where the liquid crystal element is set to a light-shielded state and the light source is set to a light-on state to heat the liquid crystal element by the light emitted from the light source when the temperature of the liquid crystal element is estimated to be lower than a predetermined value.

Liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display device includes: a pair of substrates each disposed on each opposing plane and having an electrode of a predetermine shape; a vertical alignment film formed covering each of the electrodes of the pair of substrates and subjected to a rubbing alignment process; an insulating film formed between the electrode and the vertical alignment film in each of the pair of substrates and having necessary insulation; and liquid crystal sandwiched between the pair of substrates and having a negative dielectric anisotropy and a specific resistance c1 of 1.0×1014 cm to 1.0×1015 cm, wherein a structure between the electrodes is selected to satisfy conditions of T5.2×c1×1/(1×1012) sec and T500 sec, where T is a charge resident time until a display image disappears completely after static electricity of 10 kV is applied between the electrodes of the pair of substrate and the display image is tuned on. It is possible to prevent alignment defects to be caused by static electricity generated ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY UNIT

A liquid crystal display unit has: a pair of opposing substrates; an electrode pattern formed on each of the substrates on an opposing surface side; a vertical alignment film formed on each of the substrates and covering the electrode pattern; a liquid crystal layer squeezed between the substrates; and a pair of polarizer plates formed on the substrates on an opposite side to the side of said liquid crystal layer, wherein an edge of the electrode pattern includes a zigzag pattern parallel to one of axis directions of the polarizer plates and a direction perpendicular the axis direction. Optical through can be reduced along an edge portion of a pixel of a vertical alignment LCD.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

There is provided a liquid crystal display apparatus in which a retardation Δnd of a liquid crystal layer is greater than 2 μm. Absorbing axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are in parallel to an alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules on surfaces of the first substrate or the second substrate. A slow axis of the optical film and the absorbing axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are in parallel to each other or orthogonal to each other. An in-plane retardation of the optical film is from 300 nm to 430 nm.

Liquid crystal display with viewing angle compensators

A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal layer squeezed between first and second transparent substrates and vertically aligned at a retardation of 300 nm or larger to 940 nm or smaller; two or three viewing angle compensators disposed on the first transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer, each of the viewing angle compensators having a retardation of 90 nm or larger to 350 nm or smaller in a thickness direction and a retardation of 5 nm or larger to 30 nm or smaller in an in-plane direction; a first polarizer disposed on the two or three viewing angle compensator; and a second polarizer disposed on the second transparent substrate and crossed-Nichol disposed relative to the first polarizer, wherein an in-plane slow axis of each viewing angle compensator is disposed perpendicular to an absorption axis of the first polarizer.

Liquid crystal display device whose electrode has slits

A liquid crystal display device whose transparent electrodes have slits of a rectangle shape or a parallelogram shape. The slits include slits of first and second kinds having different angles relative to a row direction. The slit of the first kind in one transparent electrode and the slit of the second kind in the other transparent electrode are alternately disposed along the column direction to form a first slit column, and the slit of the second kind in the one transparent electrode and the slit of the second kind in the other transparent electrode are alternately disposed along the column direction to form a second slit column. The first slit column and second slit column are alternately disposed along the row direction, and each position of slits of the first slit column is shifted by half a slit period from each position of slits of the second slit column.

Variable phase shifter

A variable phase shifter is improved in liquid crystal response characteristics by using a thin liquid crystal material as a dielectric substrate. The variable phase shifter includes two substrates disposed parallel to each other. The substrates have alignment layers on their mutually opposing inner surfaces. A liquid crystal layer is sealed in the area between the substrates. A transmission line is formed to meander on the inner surface of one of the substrates. A grounding conductor is formed on the inner surface of the substrate along the transmission line at a predetermined distance therefrom. External electrodes are formed at least in regions on the respective outer surfaces of the substrates, each of which regions corresponds to the gap between the transmission line and the grounding conductor. A bias voltage source applies a bias voltage between the upper and lower external electrodes.

Liquid crystal display element

A liquid crystal display element comprises a first and a second substrates, a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer, and a first and a second polarizers arranged to cross approximately their absorption axes and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied at almost 45 degrees. At least one of the electrodes comprises a polyline extending to an extending direction as a whole and having no straight line in parallel to the extending direction along an electrode edge, and the polyline is formed along an edge of at least one of the first and the second electrodes where the alignment directions when a voltage is applied and when no voltage is applied are opposite to each other if the polyline is a straight line along the extending direction.

Liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display has (i) first and second substrates having electrodes and a pretilt angle of 88.5° to 89.5°, (ii) a liquid crystal layer, having a thickness d and made of liquid crystal molecule material which has a twist structure at a twist angle of 160° to 240° in a voltage application state, the liquid crystal layer containing chiral material having a pitch of p, where d/p is 0.2 to 0.74, (iii) a first polarizer disposed facing the first substrate, the first polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a first direction, (iv) a second polarizer disposed facing the second substrate, the second polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a second direction having an angle of 85° to 95° relative to the first direction, and (v) an optical anisotropic plate disposed at least one of between the first substrate and first polarizer and between the second substrate and second polarizer.

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a first electrode on one surface side, a second substrate having second electrode on one surface side and placed opposite to the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer having a pretilt angle of 89.7° or more and less than 90° is disposed between the first and second electrodes. The first and second electrodes respectively form a pixel in opposing areas. The first electrode includes rectangularly shaped openings disposed with regularity in the pixel in a planar view. The openings include first and second openings with longitudinal directions respectively facing first and second directions, the second direction different from the first direction. The angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the first and second openings, and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at the substantial center of the liquid crystal layer is 0° or more and less than 90°.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To decrease graininess in a display surface. First openings comprise third openings each having a first area that extends at a −45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically, and fourth openings each having a first area that extends at a 45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically. Second openings comprise fifth openings each having a first area that extends at a 45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically, and sixth openings each having a first area that extends at a −45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically. The third and the fifth openings are disposed along horizontally so that one third opening and one fifth opening adjacent to each other overlap. The fourth and the sixth openings are disposed along horizontally so that a part of one fourth opening and one sixth opening adjacent to each other overlap.

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device with viewing angle characteristics improved by disposing optical plates

First and second polarizers are disposed in cross-Nichol configuration. A liquid crystal cell is disposed between the two polarizers and establishes vertical alignment in a state of no voltage application. An even number of optical films having optical anisotropy and disposed between the liquid crystal cell and first polarizer. A retardation of the liquid crystal cell is in a range between 300 nm and 1500 nm; and each optical film satisfies nx>nz, an in-plane retardation is smaller than 300 nm, a thickness direction retardation is in a range between 50 nm and 300 nm, an angle between an in-plane slow axis of the optical film disposed nearest to the first polarizer and an absorption axis of the first polarizer is smaller than 45°, and the slow axes of mutually adjacent optical films are perpendicular to each other.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To improve the display quality of a vertical alignment liquid crystal display apparatus. The apparatus comprises two substrates, a first electrode extending in a first direction, a second electrode extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a crystal layer provided between the substrates, a pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect, an electrode edge of the second electrode is of a shape that includes line segments obliquely crossed relative to the second direction and bend back, the pixel edges of the pixel are demarcated, including the line segments that are obliquely crossed, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed so that the angle of the alignment direction of the crystal molecules at the center and the direction perpendicular to the second direction is greater than 0°, and the alignment direction of the crystal molecules and the direction of obliquely crossed line segments don't become perpendicular.

Liquid-crystal device and a method of driving the same

A method of driving a liquid-crystal device having a gap of 15 μm to 200 μm between transparent substrates, a first electrode and a second electrode formed on opposing surfaces of the substrates, and liquid crystal filled in the gap between the substrates, the liquid crystal changing direction by applying a driving voltage, includes the steps of (a) applying a first waveform to obtain a first optical characteristic of the liquid crystal and (b) applying a second waveform to obtain a second optical characteristic of the liquid crystal other than the first optical characteristic, the second waveform having an effective voltage lower by 10 V to 500 V than an effective voltage of the first waveform.

Liquid-crystal optical controller and a method of manufacturing the same

The steps of forming electrodes on one surface of a first substrate, forming electrodes on one surface of a second substrate, said second substrate opposing to said first substrate; preparing a phase boundary of the first substrate, the phase boundary allowing liquid-crystal molecules to align parallel to said substrate; preparing a phase boundary of the second substrate, the phase boundary allowing liquid-crystal molecules to align vertical to said substrate; filling a gap between said first and second substrates with liquid crystal to which a polymerizable material is added; and polymerizing the material added to the liquid crystal are employed. Even when a liquid-crystal cell is relatively thick, a high-speed operation can be achieved, and its response speed is rarely lowered in operation for an intermediate gradation, and the effective aperture ratio is increased.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE

A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal display unit including a plurality of display units each switching between bright display and dark display; a backlight having a light source of a plurality of colors for making light emitted from the light source be incident upon the liquid crystal display unit; and a drive unit for performing field sequential driving through synchronization of the liquid crystal display unit and backlight, wherein the drive unit controls a state of bright/dark display of the liquid crystal display unit to realize a display pattern corresponding to each subframe obtained by dividing a frame into a plurality of subframes, and controls an emission state of the backlight to turn on the backlight of emission color corresponding to a display pattern of an arbitrary first subframe from some timing in the first subframe to some timing in a second subframe immediately after the first subframe.

Liquid crystal display unit

A liquid crystal display unit has: a pair of opposing substrates; an electrode pattern formed on each of the substrates on an opposing surface side; a vertical alignment film formed on each of the substrates and covering the electrode pattern; a liquid crystal layer squeezed between the substrates; and a pair of polarizer plates formed on the substrates on an opposite side to the side of said liquid crystal layer, wherein an edge of the electrode pattern includes a zigzag pattern parallel to one of axis directions of the polarizer plates and a direction perpendicular the axis direction. Optical through can be reduced along an edge portion of a pixel of a vertical alignment LCD.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ELEMENT

The following constitution provides a vertically oriented liquid crystal display element of higher quality having almost uniform visibility in any direction attained by improving obliquely viewed visibility. The liquid crystal display element comprises a pair of substrates, transparent electrodes having predetermined patterns formed on the respective substrates, vertical orienting membranes respectively formed on the transparent electrodes and rubbed in a predetermined direction and a liquid crystal layer consisting of the liquid crystal molecules sandwiched by the substrates. The substrates are arranged such that respective transparent electrodes face each other. Series of nearly rectangular slits are formed on the respective transparent electrodes by removing portions of the electrodes in a display area formed by the electrodes. Series of the slits on one and other transparent electrodes are alternately arranged in a normal direction to a longitudinal direction of series of the slits, ...

Liquid cyristal display element

A simple matrix type dot-matrix liquid crystal display element includes a first and a second transparent substrate disposed opposite to each other, first and second transparent electrodes disposed on the opposed face of the first and the second transparent substrate, respectively, a first and a second vertical alignment film disposed on the opposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate to cover the first and the second electrodes, respectively, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the opposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate and having Δ∈<0 and Δnd>450 nm, and a first and a second viewing angle compensation plate disposed on the unopposed side of the first and the second transparent substrate, respectively, wherein in the first transparent electrode, openings extending in a predefined direction are aligned.

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a first electrode on one surface side, a second substrate having second electrode on one surface side and placed opposite to the first substrate. A liquid crystal layer having a pretilt angle of 89.7° or more and less than 90° is disposed between the first and second electrodes. The first and second electrodes respectively form a pixel in opposing areas. The first electrode includes rectangularly shaped openings disposed with regularity in the pixel in a planar view. The openings include first and second openings with longitudinal directions respectively facing first and second directions, the second direction different from the first direction. The angle formed by the longitudinal directions of the first and second openings, and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at the substantial center of the liquid crystal layer is 0° or more and less than 90°.

VERTICAL ALIGNMENT TYPE LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE WITH VIEWING ANGLE CHARACTERISTICS IMPROVED BY DISPOSING OPTICAL PLATES

First and second polarizers are disposed in cross-Nichol configuration. A liquid crystal cell is disposed between the two polarizers and establishes vertical alignment in a state of no voltage application. An even number of optical films having optical anisotropy and disposed between the liquid crystal cell and first polarizer. A retardation of the liquid crystal cell is in a range between 300 nm and 1500 nm; and each optical film satisfies nx>n≧z, an in-plane retardation is smaller than 300 nm, a thickness direction retardation is in a range between 50 nm and 300 nm, an angle between an in-plane slow axis of the optical film disposed nearest to the first polarizer and an absorption axis of the first polarizer is smaller than 45°, and the slow axes of mutually adjacent optical films are perpendicular to each other. 1. A liquid crystal display device comprising:first and second polarizers in cross Nichol configuration;a liquid crystal cell disposed between the first and second polarizers and establishing vertical alignment in a state of no voltage application; andan odd number of three or more optical films having optical anisotropy and disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer,wherein:a retardation of the liquid crystal cell is equal to or larger than 550 nm and equal to or smaller than 1500 nm; andeach of the optical films satisfies nx>ny≧nz where nx, ny and nz are x-, y- and z-components of a refractive index in which an x-axis is an in-plane slow axis azimuth of each of the optical films, a y-axis is an in-plane azimuth perpendicular to the x-axis and a z-axis is a direction perpendicular to a film surface, an in-plane retardation is equal to or larger than 30 nm and equal to or smaller than 300 nm, a thickness direction retardation is equal to or larger than 50 nm and equal to or smaller than 300 nm, an angle between an in-plane slow axis of the optical film disposed nearest to the first polarizer and an absorption axis of the first ...

Liquid crystal display element

A liquid crystal display element comprises a pair of substrates facing each other with a predetermined gap, strips of first electrodes formed on one substrate, strips of second electrodes formed on another substrate and crossing the first electrodes, an alignment film formed on at least one of the substrates and treated with an alignment process in a direction not perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the second electrodes, a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal layer placed between the substrates and having a pretilt angle, and a pair of polarizers sandwiching the substrates, wherein the fist and the second electrodes cross each other to form pixels, and non-uniform alignment regions where liquid crystal molecules in a center of a thickness of the liquid crystal layer are aligned in a different direction from the direction defined by the alignment process appear near an edge of each pixel.

Liquid crystal display

To improve the display uniformity in a vertical alignment liquid crystal display. A liquid crystal display includes: first and second substrates; first and second electrodes provided the substrates, respectively; first and second vertical alignment films provided on the substrates respectively; a plurality of columnar spacers disposed at least in a region where the first and second electrodes are superimposed, and provided between the first and second substrates; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates. The first vertical alignment film is subject to an alignment treatment in one direction. The liquid crystal layer has a pretilt angle during non-application of voltage. Each columnar spacer has a profile, in a planar view, which is not orthogonal to and which is not parallel with an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at substantially center of the liquid crystal layer in a layer thickness direction.

Liquid crystal display device and process for producing the same

A liquid crystal display comprising: a vertically aligned liquid crystal layer located between a first and a second substrate, a first and a second polarizing layer, and an optical compensation plate having negative biaxial optical anisotropy; wherein at least either the first or the second substrate has protrusions having approximately the same first height and protruding into the liquid crystal layer, the protrusions being formed only inside of the sealing material, the liquid crystal layer in the protrusion-free position having a second height, and the area of the region in which the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the first height from the second height as a result of the existence of the protrusions accounting for a %, which belongs to 5% to 50%, of the area of the region where the liquid crystal layer exists on the substrate with protrusions.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A liquid crystal display includes: first and second substrates placed opposite each other; first and second electrodes each provided on one face of the first and second electrodes extending in first and second directions intersecting with each other; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the one face of the first substrate and the one face of the second substrate. A pixel is formed in a region where the first and second electrodes intersect, and a pixel edge of the pixel has a line segment which is oblique relative to the first direction. The first and second substrates are respectively subject to alignment treatment, and the liquid crystal layer is a substantial vertical alignment having a twisted structure, and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at a substantial center in a layer thickness direction and the oblique line segment are not orthogonal. 1. A liquid crystal display , comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate placed opposite each other;a first electrode provided on one face of the first substrate and which extends in a first direction;a second electrode provided on one face of the second substrate and which extends in a second direction that intersects with the first direction; anda liquid crystal layer provided between the one face of the first substrate and the one face of the second substrate,wherein a pixel is formed in a region where the first electrode and the second electrode intersect,wherein a pixel edge of the pixel has a line segment which is oblique relative to the first direction,wherein at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate is subject to alignment treatment, andwherein the liquid crystal layer is a substantial vertical alignment having a twisted structure, and an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules at a substantial center in a layer thickness direction and the oblique line segment are not orthogonal.2. The liquid crystal display according to claim 1 ,wherein the alignment ...

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates placed opposite each other, a common electrode on one side of the first substrate to substantially cover a whole surface, a segment electrode on one side of the second substrate, a routing wire on one side of the second substrate and connected to the segment electrode, a liquid-crystalline resin film without electrical conductivity on one side of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal film between the substrates, and being subject to twisted alignment between the substrates. The liquid-crystalline resin film has refractive index anisotropy being substantially equal to that of a liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal film, is subject to twisted alignment, and is disposed to fill a space between the routing wire and the common electrode. The liquid crystal film is disposed to fill a space between the segment electrode and the common electrode.

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates placed opposite each other, a common electrode on one side of the first substrate to substantially cover a whole surface, a segment electrode on one side of the second substrate, a routing wire on one side of the second substrate and connected to the segment electrode, a liquid-crystalline resin film without electrical conductivity on one side of the second substrate, and a liquid crystal film between the substrates. The liquid-crystalline resin film has refractive index anisotropy being substantially equal to that of a liquid crystal material of the liquid crystal film, has molecular alignment being substantially equal to that of the liquid crystal film, and is disposed to fill a space between the routing wire and the common electrode. The liquid crystal film is disposed to fill a space between the segment electrode and the common electrode.

ELECTROCHROMIC DISPLAY

There is provided an electrochromic display that includes a display substrate, which includes a display electrode on a first substrate and an insulating film on or above the display electrode; a counter substrate having a counter electrode on a second substrate, the counter substrate facing the display substrate; and a color-developing layer containing an electrochromic material disposed in a region surrounded by a sealing member between the display substrate and the counter substrate. The insulating film is disposed on or above the display electrode except for a display region of the display electrode in the region surrounded by the sealing member. 1. An electrochromic display , comprising:a display substrate, which includes at least one display electrode on a first substrate and an insulating film on or above the at least one display electrode;a counter substrate having a counter electrode on a second substrate, the counter substrate facing the display substrate; anda color-developing layer containing an electrochromic material disposed in a region surrounded by a sealing member between the display substrate and the counter substrate,wherein the insulating film is disposed on or above the at least one display electrode except for a display region of the display electrode in the region surrounded by the sealing member.2. The electrochromic display according to claim 1 , wherein the insulating film also entirely covers a portion of the first substrate on which no display electrode is disposed in the region surrounded by the sealing member.3. The electrochromic display according to claim 1 , wherein the area of a region not covered with the insulating film in the region surrounded by the sealing member is more than 0% and 50% or less of the area of the region surrounded by the sealing member.4. The electrochromic display according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one display electrode is a plurality of display electrodes each having a display region of a shape ...

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates; first and second electrodes provided on the first and second substrates respectively; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates. The first electrode includes first openings each having an elongated shape in a first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the first openings adjacent in the first direction. The second electrode includes second openings each having an elongated shape in the first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the second openings adjacent in the first direction. Each of the first and second openings has a recess in at least either of two outer edge parts along the first direction in a planar view.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE

A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer, a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other and which sandwich the liquid crystal layer. First electrodes and second electrodes are both provided to one surface side of the first substrate. First lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the first electrodes. Second lead wirings are provided to one surface side of the first substrate each connected to one of the second electrodes. A jumper wiring is provided to one surface side of the second substrate and superimposed with each portion of two or more second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings and a conductive material interposed between each portion of the two or more second lead wirings and the jumper wiring, between the first substrate and the second substrate. 1. A liquid crystal display device comprising a display part for displaying standard characters or designs , further comprising:a liquid crystal layer;a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed facing each other and which sandwich the liquid crystal layer;a plurality of first electrodes provided to one surface side of the first substrate;a plurality of second electrodes provided to one surface side of the first substrate;a plurality of first lead wirings provided to one surface side of the first substrate, each connected to one of the plurality of first electrodes;a plurality of second lead wirings provided to one surface side of the first substrate, each connected to one of the plurality of second electrodes;a jumper wiring provided to one surface side of the second substrate and superimposed with each portion of two or more second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings; anda conductive material interposed between each portion of the two or more second lead wirings and the jumper wiring, between the first substrate and the second substrate.2. The liquid crystal display device ...

Vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus having improved display uniformity

A mono domain vertical alignment type liquid crystal display apparatus to be multiplex driven is provided whose display uniformity at a large pretilt angle (near 90°) is improved. Waveform A is applied to a liquid crystal cell of a mono domain vertical alignment type, the waveform A having a duty not lower than 4 and a frame frequency of f. The frame frequency f is determined from a pretilt angle θp, and is a frequency not lower than 60 Hz at a pretilt angle of 88.5°≦θp<89.6° or a frequency not lower than [120×(θp−89.6)+60] Hz at a pretilt angle of 89.6°≦θp≦89.9°.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS

The apparatus comprises a first and a second substrate disposed facing each other, a first electrode comprising first openings provided to the first substrate, a second electrode comprising second openings provided to the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and the second substrate. A display part is defined in a region where the first and the second electrode overlap, each of the first openings is formed into a rectangular shape in the planar view, each of the second openings is formed into a rectangular shape or cruciform shape in the planar view, the second electrode comprises rectangular regions cyclically disposed inside the display part in the planar view, the four sides that define each of the rectangular regions respectively contact any portion of the second openings, and each of the first openings is disposed overlapping any of the rectangular sections in the planar view. 1. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other;a first electrode comprising a plurality of first openings, provided to the first substrate;a second electrode comprising a plurality of second openings, provided to the second substrate; anda liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;wherein:a display part is defined in a region where the first electrode and the second electrode overlap;each of the plurality of first openings is formed into a substantially rectangular shape in the planar view;each of the plurality of second openings is formed into a substantially rectangular shape, T-shape, inverted T-shape, or cruciform shape in the planar view;the second electrode further comprises a plurality of rectangular regions cyclically disposed inside the display part in the planar view;the four sides that define each of the plurality of rectangular regions respectively contact any portion of the plurality of second openings; andeach of the plurality of ...

LAMP UNIT, VEHICULAR LAMP SYSTEM

To obtain projection images with high contrast when selective light irradiation is performed forward of its own vehicle. A lamp unit for a vehicular lamp system performing selective light irradiation to the surroundings of the own vehicle includes: a light source; an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; and an optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part. The optical shutter part includes: polarizers; a liquid crystal element disposed between the polarizers and where the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon electric field application; a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between the polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; and a second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element. 1. A lamp unit used for a vehicular lamp system that performs selective light irradiation to the surroundings of a vehicle comprising:a light source;an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; andan optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part;wherein the optical shutter part comprises:a pair of polarizers;a liquid crystal element disposed between the pair of polarizers and in which the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon application of an electric field;a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between one of the pair of polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; anda second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element.2. The lamp unit according to :wherein the pair of polarizers are arranged such that their absorption axes are ...

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To provide a segment display-type liquid crystal display apparatus that readily prevents display flaws caused by disconnection. The apparatus displays a predetermined pattern shape, comprising a first and a second electrode disposed so that a portion of each overlaps, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the electrodes. The first electrode comprises hollow parts open in accordance with the pattern shape, and a plurality of first openings, each having a first area extending in a first direction. The region where the electrodes overlap is divided into a first region demarcated by a portion of a contour of a hollow part and a first boundary part wherein the distance in the first direction between contours of a hollow part is 1.5 times the length of the first area, and a second region other than the first region, and the plurality of first openings is disposed correspondingly in the first region.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE AND EQUIPMENT MOUNTED WITH LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPAY DEVICE

A liquid crystal display device comprising: 1. A liquid crystal display device comprising:a liquid crystal display element featuring (i) a first and second substrate placed opposite each other that feature, on the pair of opposing surfaces thereof, a pair of opposing electrodes constituting a display area and vertically oriented films at least one of which has been provided with an orientation treatment aimed at introducing a pretilt in a liquid crystal layer, (ii) a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates that contains liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy and is vertically oriented with slight tilting, (iii) a layer disposed at least between one of the vertically oriented films and the liquid crystal layer, and designed to reinforce the vertical orientation control over the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer, and (iv) a first and second polarizing plates that are placed, in a crossed Nicol arrangement, on the pair of surfaces of the first and second substrates located on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer and have absorption axes that are each at a 45° angle to the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules located in the mid-thickness region of the liquid crystal layer,a light source placed on the second polarizing plate-side of the liquid crystal display element, anda drive circuit electrically connected to the electrodes of the first and second substrates, wherein:pretilt angle in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element is 87° or more and 89.52° or less,the drive circuit applies a voltage across the opposing electrodes of the liquid crystal display element to have a display area put on alternating bright/dark displays at frequencies of 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz,the display area performs a blinking operation powered by the voltage, andthe display area maintains display uniformity during bright display periods when a 2 Hz to 30 Hz vibration or a 0.5 Hz to 3 ...

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To increase production efficiency while retaining the display quality of a liquid crystal display apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode on the first substrate extending in a first direction, a second electrode on the second substrate extending in a second direction which intersects to the first direction, a liquid crystal layer provided between the two substrates. A pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect and an orientation process is performed perpendicular to the second direction on one of the substrates. The electrode edge shape of the second electrode includes lines that are obliquely crossed relative to the direction of orientation process and periodically bend back. The pixel edges of the pixel are demarcated including the lines obliquely crossed, and all change points where the lines of the electrode edge of the second electrode interconnects are disposed to superimpose with the first electrode.

LIQUID CRYSTAL APPARATUS

A liquid crystal apparatus comprises, a display device having a display surface, a first polarizing plate categorized as absorption type, disposed so as to face the display surface of the display device, and having a transmittance characteristic that a transmittance to a non-polarized light is 50% or more, a liquid crystal optical element disposed between the display device and the first polarizing plate, and a second polarizing plate categorized as reflection type and disposed between the display device and the liquid crystal optical element. 1. A liquid crystal apparatus comprising:a display device having a display surface;a first polarizing plate categorized as absorption type, disposed so as to face the display surface of the display device, and having a transmittance characteristic that a transmittance to a non-polarized light is 50% or more;a liquid crystal optical element disposed between the display device and the first polarizing plate and capable of switching between a first and second state, the first state being a state in which the liquid crystal optical element outputs a first polarized light having a polarized component in a first direction when the first polarized light is incident to the liquid crystal optical element, and the second state being a state in which the liquid crystal optical element outputs a second polarized light having a polarized component in a second direction different from the first direction when the first polarized light is incident to the liquid crystal optical element; anda second polarizing plate categorized as reflection type and disposed between the display device and the liquid crystal optical element.2. A liquid crystal apparatus comprising:a display device having a display surface;a first polarizing plate categorized as absorption type and disposed so as to face the display surface of the display device;a second polarizing plate categorized as reflection type and disposed between the display device and the first ...

Liquid crystal display element

Provided is a liquid crystal display element including: a first substrate which includes a first electrode; a second substrate which is disposed to oppose the first substrate and includes a second electrode; and a liquid crystal layer which is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode includes a plurality of openings which are elongated in a first direction and are adjacent to each other along the first direction, and when two openings of the plurality of openings which are adjacent to each other along the first direction are viewed, one of opening widths of opposing portions is large and the other thereof is small.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE

To provide an IPS mode liquid crystal display device suitable for a segment display type that is easy to dispose each electrode and lead wirings on the same surface. The liquid crystal display device comprises first lead wirings each connected to one of the first electrodes, second lead wirings each connected to one of the second electrodes, a terminal part exposed on one edge of the first substrate without overlapping the second substrate, first external extraction electrode terminals, a detour wiring provided to the terminal part that connects several second lead wirings of the plurality of second lead wirings to each other, with each of first external extraction electrode terminals electrically insulated, second external extraction electrode terminals where each is connected to the second lead wirings connected to the detour wirings or the second lead wirings not connected to the detour wirings of the second lead wirings. 1. A liquid crystal display device comprising a display part for displaying standard characters or designs , further comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed facing each other;a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;a plurality of first electrodes provided to one surface side of the first substrate;a plurality of second electrodes provided to one surface side of the first substrate;a plurality of first lead wirings provided to one surface side of the first substrate, each connected to one of the plurality of first electrodes;a plurality of second lead wirings provided to one surface side of the first substrate, each connected to one of the plurality of second electrodes;a terminal part exposed on one edge of the first substrate without overlapping the second substrate;a plurality of first external extraction electrode terminals, each connected to any one of the plurality of first lead wirings, provided to the terminal part;a detour wiring that connects several second lead ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE AND EQUIPMENT MOUNTED WITH LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY DEVICE

A driving method of a liquid crystal display element, the method includes preparing the liquid crystal display element which comprises (i) first and second substrates placed opposite each other, wherein on a pair of opposing surfaces of the first and second substrates, a pair of opposing electrodes constituting a display area are provided and a pair of vertically oriented films are provided at least one of which has been provided with an orientation treatment aimed at introducing a pretilt in a liquid crystal layer, (ii) the liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates that contains liquid crystal material with negative dielectric anisotropy and is vertically oriented with slight tilting, (iii) a layer disposed at least between one of the pair of vertically oriented films and the liquid crystal layer, and designed to reinforce vertical orientation control over liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer, and (iv) first and second polarizing plates that are placed, in a crossed Nicol arrangement, on surfaces of the first and second substrates located on opposite sides to the liquid crystal layer and that have absorption axes each at a 45° angle to an orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules located in a mid-thickness region of the liquid crystal layer, wherein a pretilt angle in the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element is 87° or more and 89.52° or less, and putting the display area on alternating bright/dark display at a frequency of 0.5 Hz to 5 Hz under a condition that the liquid crystal display element is subjected to 2 Hz to 30 Hz vibrations or 0.5 Hz to 3 Hz external forces. 1. A driving method of a liquid crystal display element , the method comprising:preparing the liquid crystal display element which comprises (i) first and second substrates placed opposite each other, wherein on a pair of opposing surfaces of the first and second substrates, a pair of opposing electrodes constituting a ...

Liquid crystal display apparatus

A liquid crystal display apparatus with electrodes comprising openings that is less susceptible to disturbance of the contour shape of the display part. The apparatus includes two substrates, a first electrode, a second electrode. A display part is demarcated in a region where the two electrodes overlap, and an offset region is set from the display part edge to the inside. The electrodes comprise first openings disposed in a non offset region, and second openings disposed in the offset region. First openings comprises a shape wherein a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a first direction and a branch part disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along a second direction are connected. Second openings comprises openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the first direction, and openings disposed so that the longitudinal direction thereof extends along the second direction.

LIQUID CRYSTAL ELEMENT AND ILLUMINATION DEVICE

A liquid crystal element comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate disposed substantially in parallel to each other to face each other, an electrode and a homeotropic alignment film being disposed on each of facing surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and formed of a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric-constant anisotropy, wherein a twisting angle of the liquid crystal layer when a voltage is applied between the electrode of the first substrate and the electrode of the second substrate is in a range from 70° to 120°. 1. A liquid crystal element comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate disposed substantially in parallel to each other to face each other, an electrode and a homeotropic alignment film being disposed on each of facing surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate; anda liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and formed of a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric-constant anisotropy,wherein a twisting angle of the liquid crystal layer when a voltage is applied between the electrode of the first substrate and the electrode of the second substrate is in a range from 70° to 120°.2. A liquid crystal element comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate disposed substantially in parallel to each other to face each other, an electrode and a homeotropic alignment film being disposed on each of facing surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate; anda liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and formed of a liquid crystal material having a negative dielectric-constant anisotropy,wherein a chiral agent is added to the liquid crystal layer such that d/p is 0.25 or more and 0.4 or less where d is a thickness of the liquid crystal layer and p is a chiral pitch.3. The liquid crystal element ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS

To provide a technique that prevents electrode disconnection in a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a plurality of openings in an electrode. The apparatus comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a liquid crystal layer. The first electrode comprises first openings and the second electrode comprises second openings. Each first opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with a first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. Each opening is disposed forming columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with the first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal. The first openings and second openings are alternately disposed column by column along a second direction that crosses the first direction. 1. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other;a first electrode provided to the first substrate;a second electrode provided to the second substrate; anda liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;wherein:the first electrode comprises a plurality of first openings in at least a region that overlaps with the second electrode;the second electrode comprises a plurality of second openings in at least a region that overlaps with the first electrode;each of the plurality of first openings is disposed forming a plurality of columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with a first direction, and comprises two short-side edges that obliquely cross the first direction at an angle other than orthogonal;each of the plurality of second openings is disposed forming a plurality of columns so that the respective longitudinal directions align with the first direction, and comprises two short- ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS

To decrease graininess in a display surface. First openings comprise third openings each having a first area that extends at a −45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically, and fourth openings each having a first area that extends at a 45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically. Second openings comprise fifth openings each having a first area that extends at a 45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically, and sixth openings each having a first area that extends at a −45 degree angle, and a second area that extends vertically. The third and the fifth openings are disposed along horizontally so that one third opening and one fifth opening adjacent to each other overlap. The fourth and the sixth openings are disposed along horizontally so that a part of one fourth opening and one sixth opening adjacent to each other overlap. 1. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate disposed facing each other;a first electrode provided to the first substrate;a second electrode provided to the second substrate, anda vertical alignment type liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate; wherein:the first electrode comprises a plurality of first openings and the second electrode comprises a plurality of second openings;the plurality of first openings comprises a plurality of third openings each having a first area that extends in a direction 45 degrees clockwise in relation to a first direction, and a second area that extends in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, in a planar view; and a plurality of fourth openings each having a first area that extends in a direction 45 degrees counterclockwise in relation to the first direction, and a second area that extends in the second direction, in the planar view;the plurality of second openings comprises a plurality of fifth openings each having a first area that extends in a direction 45 degrees ...

Liquid crystal display apparatus

To improve the display quality of a vertical alignment liquid crystal display apparatus. The apparatus comprises two substrates, a first electrode extending in a first direction, a second electrode extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a crystal layer provided between the substrates, a pixel is configured where the two electrodes intersect, an electrode edge of the second electrode is of a shape that includes line segments obliquely crossed relative to the second direction and bend back, the pixel edges of the pixel are demarcated, including the line segments that are obliquely crossed, and the liquid crystal layer is disposed so that the angle of the alignment direction of the crystal molecules at the center and the direction perpendicular to the second direction is greater than 0°, and the alignment direction of the crystal molecules and the direction of obliquely crossed line segments don't become perpendicular.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS

There is provided a liquid crystal display apparatus in which a retardation Δnd of a liquid crystal layer is greater than 2 μm. Absorbing axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are in parallel to an alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules on surfaces of the first substrate or the second substrate. A slow axis of the optical film and the absorbing axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are in parallel to each other or orthogonal to each other. An in-plane retardation of the optical film is from 300 nm to 430 nm. 1. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising:a first substrate which includes a first electrode;a second substrate which is disposed opposite to and approximately parallel to the first substrate and includes a second electrode;a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer which is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and is formed of a liquid crystal material of which a dielectric anisotropy is positive, and in which liquid crystal molecules are approximately horizontally aligned on the first substrate and the second substrate, and an alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is twisted by approximately 90° between the first substrate and the second substrate;a first polarizer which is disposed on one side of the first substrate, opposite to the other side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer;a second polarizer which is disposed on one side of the second substrate, opposite to the other side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and is disposed in the manner of an approximately parallel Nicol arrangement with respect to the first polarizer; andan optical film which is disposed between the first substrate and the first polarizer, and has a positive uniaxial optical anisotropy;wherein a display portion is defined on an overlapping position between the first electrode and the second electrode when seen in a normal direction of the first substrate and the ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

A liquid crystal display includes first and second substrates; first and second electrodes provided on the first and second substrates respectively; and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second substrates. The first electrode includes first openings each having an elongated shape in a first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the first openings adjacent in the first direction. The second electrode includes second openings each having an elongated shape in the first direction and which are arranged with regularity, and a short side edge thereof is longer than a length between the second openings adjacent in the first direction. Each of the first and second openings has a recess in at least either of two outer edge parts along the first direction in a planar view. 1. A liquid crystal display , comprising:a first substrate and a second substrate placed opposite each other;a first electrode provided on one face side of the first substrate;a second electrode provided on one face side of the second substrate; anda liquid crystal layer provided between one face of the first substrate and one face of the second substrate,wherein the first electrode includes a plurality of first openings each having an elongated shape in a first direction and which are arranged along the first direction and arranged separate from one another with regularity,wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of second openings each having an elongated shape in the first direction and which are arranged along the first direction and arranged separate from one another with regularity,wherein the plurality of first openings has a width of the portions having a relatively large slit width is set to be longer than a length between the first openings that are adjacent in the first direction,wherein the plurality of second openings has a width of the portions having a relatively large slit width is set to ...

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY APPARATUS

To further reduce time necessary to eliminate the problem caused by static electricity. The liquid crystal display apparatus includes a plurality of unit display regions and the plurality of unit display regions are arranged along a first direction spaced from one another. At least one of a plurality of first electrodes has a plurality of electrode parts corresponding to each of the plurality of unit display regions and are mutually separated and arranged apart from one another in the first direction, a plurality of first lead wirings where each first lead wiring extends in the direction different from the first direction and extends outside an inner area, and a first crossover wiring disposed outside the inner area and mutually connects the plurality of first lead wirings. 1. A liquid crystal display apparatus comprising:a first substrate having a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of first dummy electrodes,a second substrate having a plurality of second electrodes and a plurality of second dummy electrodes,a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate,sealant provided between the a first substrate and the second substrate and surrounding the liquid crystal layer,a conductive part disposed in the vicinity of the sealant or included in the sealant to provide conduction between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein:an inner area surrounded by the sealant includes a plurality of unit display regions where each of said plurality of unit display regions is a minimum region including all of a plurality of segment display sections where each of said plurality of segment display sections represents a symbol with a meaning, and each of said plurality of unit display regions is arranged along a first direction spaced from one another,each of said plurality of segment display sections is defined as the area where one of said plurality of first electrodes and one of said plurality of second electrodes overlap, ...

LAMP UNIT, VEHICULAR LAMP SYSTEM

To obtain projection images with high contrast when selective light irradiation is performed forward of its own vehicle. A lamp unit for a vehicular lamp system performing selective light irradiation to the surroundings of the own vehicle includes: a light source; an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; and an optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part. The optical shutter part includes: polarizers; a liquid crystal element disposed between the polarizers and where the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon electric field application; a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between the polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; and a second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element. 1. A lamp unit used for a vehicular lamp system that performs selective light irradiation to the surroundings of a vehicle comprising:a light source;an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; andan optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part;wherein the optical shutter part comprises:a pair of polarizers;a liquid crystal element disposed between the pair of polarizers and in which the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon application of an electric field;a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between one of the pair of polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; anda second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element.2. The lamp unit according to claim 1 ,wherein the pair of polarizers are arranged such that their absorption ...

Lamp unit, vehicular lamp system

To obtain projection images with high contrast when selective light irradiation is performed forward of its own vehicle. A lamp unit for a vehicular lamp system performing selective light irradiation to the surroundings of the own vehicle includes: a light source; an optical shutter part that modulates light emitted from the light source; and an optical system that projects the light transmitted through the optical shutter part. The optical shutter part includes: polarizers; a liquid crystal element disposed between the polarizers and where the initial alignment of liquid crystal molecules is horizontally aligned and causes an alignment change in the in-plane direction upon electric field application; a first optical plate which is a positive A-plate disposed between the polarizers closer to the light source and the liquid crystal element; and a second optical plate which is a positive C-plate disposed between the first optical plate and the liquid crystal element.

Lamp unit, vehicular lamp system

Liquid crystal display device

Liquid crystal display component and driving method thereof (1)

Liquid crystal display element

Liquid crystal display

A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal layer squeezed between first and second transparent substrates and vertically aligned at a retardation of 300 nm or larger to 940 nm or smaller; two or three viewing angle compensators disposed on the first transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal layer, each of the viewing angle compensators having a retardation of 90 nm or larger to 350 nm or smaller in a thickness direction and a retardation of 5 nm or larger to 30 nm or smaller in an in-plane direction; a first polarizer disposed on the two or three viewing angle compensator; and a second polarizer disposed on the second transparent substrate and crossed-Nichol disposed relative to the first polarizer, wherein an in-plane slow axis of each viewing angle compensator is disposed perpendicular to an absorption axis of the first polarizer.

Variable phase shifter

A variable phase shifter is improved in liquid crystal response characteristics by using a thin liquid crystal material as a dielectric substrate. The variable phase shifter (10) includes two substrates (11, 12) disposed parallel to each other. The substrates have alignment layers on their mutually opposing inner surfaces. A liquid crystal layer (13) is sealed in the area between the substrates (11, 12). A transmission line (14) is formed to meander on the inner surface of one of the substrates. A grounding conductor (15) is formed on the inner surface of the substrate along the transmission line at a predetermined distance d2 therefrom. External electrodes (16, 17) are formed at least in regions on the respective outer surfaces of the substrates, each of which regions corresponds to the gap between the transmission line and the grounding conductor. A bias voltage source (18) applies a bias voltage between the upper and lower external electrodes.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

Liquid crystal display apparatus

Liquid crystal display element and driving method of liquid crystal display element (II)

Liquid crystal display apparatus

Liquid crystal display apparatus

Optical apparatus

Provided is an optical apparatus that is capable of switching between a state in which the optical apparatus can reflect light and a state in which the optical apparatus can output light and suppressing deterioration of display quality of a light reflection image. The optical apparatus includes: a light emitting device having a light emitting surface; an absorption type polarizing plate disposed opposite to the light emitting surface of the light emitting device; a liquid crystal optical element disposed between the light emitting device and the absorption type polarizing plate; a reflection type polarizing plate disposed between the light emitting device and the liquid crystal optical element; and an adhesive layer disposed on a surface of the reflection type polarizing plate that faces the light emitting device.

デジタル放送受信機

【課題】同一内容のデジタル放送を切り替える際の音声出力までの時間を短縮することができるデジタル放送受信機を提供すること。【解決手段】デジタル放送受信機は、第１および第２ののデジタル放送信号を受信して第１および第２の音声データを出力するＲＦ部１２、２２等と、同じ内容の音声データを比較して第２の音声データに対する第１の音声データの時間的なずれを遅延時間として判定する遅延時間判定部４２と、所定のデータ容量を有し、第２の音声データをこのデータ容量分に対応する時間を上限値とし、この上限値以下の範囲で遅延させるバッファ３２と、遅延時間判定部４２によって判定された遅延時間だけ、バッファ３２を用いて第２の音声データの出力を遅延させることが可能であるか否かを、第２の音声データのビットレートとバッファ３２のデータ容量に基づいて判定する切替可否判定部４４とを備える。【選択図】図１

Illumination device and vehicle lamp system

To improve the brightness of irradiated light in the lighting apparatus using a liquid crystal element. A lighting apparatus includes : a light source; a condensing unit that condenses light emitted from the light source so that it forms a focal point at a predetermined position; a liquid crystal element arranged corresponding to the position of the focal point; a first polarizing element disposed on a light incident surface of the liquid crystal element; a second polarizing element disposed on a light emitting surface of the liquid crystal element; and a projection lens that magnifies and projects images generated by the liquid crystal element and the first and second polarizing element; where the liquid crystal element is arranged at a tilt such that the light incident surface and the light emitting surface form a predetermined angle that is non-orthogonal and non-parallel to the optical axis of the projection lens.

Lamp unit, and vehicular lighting system

To increase the light utilization efficiency when selective light irradiation is performed using a liquid crystal element (a liquid crystal device). A lamp unit including: (a) a light source; (b) a reflective polarizing plate disposed at a position where light from the light source is incident; (c) a reflecting mirror configured to reflect a reflected light generated by the reflective polarizing plate and re-enters the reflected light to the reflective polarizing plate; (d) a liquid crystal device disposed on the light emitting surface side of the reflective polarizing plate; (e) a polarizing plate disposed on the light emitting surface side of the liquid crystal device; and (f) a lens disposed on the light emitting surface side of the polarizing plate.

Lighting apparatus, vehicle lamp system

To improve the brightness of irradiated light in the lighting apparatus using a liquid crystal element. A lighting apparatus includes: a light source; a condensing unit that condenses light emitted from the light source so that it forms a focal point at a predetermined position; a liquid crystal element arranged corresponding to the position of the focal point; a first polarizing element disposed on a light incident surface of the liquid crystal element; a second polarizing element disposed on a light emitting surface of the liquid crystal element; and a projection lens that magnifies and projects images generated by the liquid crystal element and the first and second polarizing element; where the liquid crystal element is arranged at a tilt such that the light incident surface and the light emitting surface form a predetermined angle that is non-orthogonal and non-parallel to the optical axis of the projection lens.

Color liquid crystal display device and display method thereof

車載ナビゲーション装置

【課題】移動体通信端末が通信不能な圏外エリアにあるときにも、当該移動体通信端末を所持するユーザーの状態を把握することが可能な「車載ナビゲーション装置」を提供することである。 【解決手段】移動体通信端末と接続され、設定された目的地までの経路案内を行なう車載ナビゲーション装置であって、前記移動体通信端末の通信が不能となる通信圏外エリアを記憶する記憶手段と、前記設定された経路が前記通信圏外エリアを通過するか否かを判定する通信圏外エリア判定手段と、前記通信圏外エリア判定手段によって、前記設定された経路が前記通信圏外エリアを通過するものと判定された場合に、第１情報を生成する情報生成手段と、前記情報生成手段によって生成された前記第１情報を前記移動体通信端末に前記移動体通信網を介してサービスセンターに通信させる第１移動体通信制御手段とを有する車載ナビゲーション装置。 【選択図】図２Ａ

Liquid crystal display

A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display, which has a liquid crystal layer whose retardation value is about 600 nm or more, can solve the viewing angle problems associated with the wider viewing angle. The liquid crystal display can include a vertical alignment liquid crystal cell, and first and second polarizing plates cross-Nicol disposed on respective sides of the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal cell has a liquid crystal layer with a retardation of about 600 nm or more. A biaxial plate is provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizing plate, and two C-plates are provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate.

Liquid crystal display apparatus

Liquid crystal display device

A liquid crystal display device comprises a vertical alignment liquid crystal layer with a pretilt angle placed between a pair of the transparent substrates and first and second transparent electrodes, each intersection point of which forms a pixel. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that at least one triangle cut is formed at an edge of each first transparent electrode forming one side of a pixel where an alignment direction of vertical alignment liquid crystal layer and a direction to which liquid crystal molecules are tilted by an oblique electric field at the edge of each first transparent electrode are opposite to each other.

Liquid crystal display device

Liquid crystal display device

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