FACE CLUSTERING DEVICE, FACE CLUSTERING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

Provided is a face clustering device that detects a face included in an image, detects a direction of the detected face, detects, taking into account the detected direction of the face, a face with a similar feature and forms a collection of pieces of face information showing a feature of this face, narrows down, for each collection of pieces of face information which has been formed, the number of pieces of face information to a number set in advance for each face direction and sets each collection of pieces of face information for which the number has been narrowed down as a unit group, and performs, with the set unit group as a unit, clustering based on pieces of face information included in each unit group.

Information processor, information processing method, and program

An information processor includes a detection unit detecting a photographic subject region of an image, a characteristic amount generation unit generating a characteristic amount including at least positional information of the photographic subject region for each of the detected photographic subject region, a combined characteristic amount generation unit generating a combined characteristic amount corresponding to the image by combining the characteristic amount generated for each of the photographic subject region, and an identification unit identifying a label corresponding to a combination of a photographic subject appearing in the image based on the generated combined characteristic amount.

MESSAGE INDEX SUBDIVIDED BASED ON TIME INTERVALS

During a storage technique, multiple messages (such as emails) associated with a user of a communication application are received. Then, the multiple messages are stored in a message table associated with the user and the multiple messages are indexed in an index associated with the user. This index may be divided into multiple divisions if a total number of messages stored in the message table exceeds a threshold value, where each division corresponds to messages received during a different time interval.

Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and program

An image processing apparatus includes a face detector detecting face images from still-image frames successively extracted from a moving-image stream in accordance with image information items regarding the still-image frames, a face-feature-value calculation unit calculating face feature values of the face images in accordance with image information items regarding the face images, an identity determination unit determining whether a first face image in a current frame and a second face image in a previous frame represent an identical person in accordance with at least face feature values of the first and second face images, and a merging processor which stores one of the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image represent an identical person, and which stores the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image do not represent an identical person.

Cell phone case

MOUNTING SYSTEM OF A PANEL AND CLIP OF THE SYSTEM

The present invention provides a mounting system for a panel, comprising: a clip, a sub-frame, a spacer and a resilient washer, wherein the clip and sub-frame are secured by a screw going through a round hole of the clip, the wing and a hole of the sub-frame. The mounting clip has the following characteristics: reducing the number of clips because clips may be used for both horizontal and vertical mountings of the ceramic panel; the clips are not exposed; the resilient contact between the clips and panels; panels are not vulnerable to come off; the clips can satisfy the separate mounting and removal for panels.

Overlay switch

The present invention discloses an overlay switch (OSW) and a method used by the same. A received unicast packet needs to pass a waypoint chain including a number of waypoints. A network address of a first waypoint of the waypoint chain and an underlay network address of a second OSW connected to the first waypoint are obtained. In response to a determination that the second OSW is not the first OSW the unicast packet is encapsulated into a first underlay network packet according to a specification of an overlay network. A field of a destination header of the first underlay network packet includes the underlay network address of the second OSW. The first underlay network packet is sent to the second OSW.

Link aggregation based on virtual interfaces of VLANs

A method of managing data transmission based on virtual local area networks includes obtaining a first VLAN property of a first physical interface and a second VLAN property of a second physical interface; in response to determining the first VLAN property and the second VLAN property are at least partially identical, obtaining a first virtual interface corresponding to the first physical interface and a second virtual interface corresponding to the second physical interface; and mapping the first physical interface and the second physical interface to an identical data channel via the first virtual interface and the second virtual interface, wherein the first physical interface and the second physical interface are located in a same processing device.

CONSUMABLE CHIP AND COMMUNICATION METHOD THEREOF

Provided is a consumable chip and a communication method thereof. The method is adopted for a consumable chip including a first consumable MCU unit, a verification cryptographic operation unit and a second consumable MCU unit; the method includes: when the first consumable MCU unit is incompatible with the printer, the first consumable MCU unit activating the second consumable MCU unit to execute a second consumable chip core processing flow, and calling the verification cryptographic algorithm function program of the verification cryptographic operation unit to calculate a new verification password; after the first consumable MCU unit inquires that the second consumable MCU unit has completed the second consumable chip core processing flow, the first consumable MCU unit reading the new verification password and sending to the printer, the new verification password is received by the printer to achieve compatibility between the first consumable MCU unit and the printer.

Overlay Switch

The present invention discloses an overlay switch (OSW) and a method used by the same. A received unicast packet needs to pass a waypoint chain including a number of waypoints. A network address of a first waypoint of the waypoint chain and an underlay network address of a second OSW connected to the first waypoint are obtained. In response to a determination that the second OSW is not the first OSW the unicast packet is encapsulated into a first underlay network packet according to a specification of an overlay network. A field of a destination header of the first underlay network packet includes the underlay network address of the second OSW. A source port field of a user datagram protocol (UDP) header is set to indicate a waypoint index included in a corresponding waypoint chain. The first underlay network packet is sent to the second OSW.

INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An information processing apparatus includes a clipping section that clips, from a captured image in which a food is captured as a subject, regions for each food to generate food images, and a grouping section that groups the generated food images for each identical subject.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING POWER TO PULSE-WIDTH-MODULATION CONTROLLERS OF POWER CONVERTERS DURING NORMAL OPERATION

Controller and method for a power converter. For example, the controller includes: a first terminal configured to receive a first voltage; a second terminal connected to a capacitor and biased to a second voltage; a voltage detector configured to receive the second voltage from the second terminal and generate a detection signal based at least in part on the second voltage; a charging controller configured to receive the detection signal and generate a first control signal based at least in part on the detection signal; and a charging current generator configured to receive the first voltage from the first terminal and receive the first control signal from the charging controller; wherein the voltage detector is further configured to: detect that the second voltage has decreased to a first predetermined threshold; and generate the detection signal indicating that the second voltage has decreased to the first predetermined threshold.

Method of forming an electronic device including forming a charge storage element in a trench of a workpiece

A method of forming an electronic device including forming a first trench in a workpiece including a substrate, the first trench having side walls and a bottom surface extending for a width between the side walls and forming a charge-storage layer along the side walls and bottom surface of the first trench. The method further includes implanting ions within the substrate underlying the bottom surface of the first trench to form an implant region and annealing the implant region, wherein after annealing, the implant region extends the width of the bottom surface and along a portion of the side walls.

MULTI-FUNCTIONAL PROTECTIVE SLEEVE FOR WOUND OF SOFT TISSUE DURING OPERATION

A multi-functional soft tissue wound protective sleeve includes: a waste collection bag including a bottom patch and a surface patch connected to form a cavity; a bottom ring to be inserted into a human body, to push away human tissues surrounding the bottom ring to form a surgery space; a flip ring located above the waste collection bag and having an adjustable distance with the bottom ring, to prevent waste from touching a surgical surface; a medical inner membrane connecting the bottom ring to the flip ring and defining a surgery channel to the surgery space; a positioning ring sealed with a hole edge of the surgery through-hole on the bottom patch; and a medical outer membrane connecting the positioning ring to the flip ring so as to guide waste escaping the surgery channel over the flip ring to flow into the waste collection bag.

CONTROL SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TURNING OFF TRANSISTORS ASSOCIATED WITH AUXILIARY WINDINGS AND TURNING ON TRANSISTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PRIMARY WINDINGS

System and method for controlling turning on a first transistor and turning off a second transistor. For example, a system for controlling turning on a first transistor and turning off a second transistor includes: a logic signal generator configured to: process information associated with a first voltage related to a second voltage of a first auxiliary winding, the first auxiliary winding being coupled to a primary winding, a secondary winding, and a second auxiliary winding; generate a third voltage based on at least information associated with the first voltage, the third voltage indicating a first voltage difference from a drain terminal to a source terminal of a first transistor related to the primary winding; process information associated with the third voltage and a reference voltage; and change a logic signal from a first logic level to a second logic level.

Power management integrated circuit (PMIC) integration into a processor package

A hybrid package having a processor module disposed on a substrate and an auxiliary module disposed on a patterned lid. The auxiliary module may be a memory module, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC) module, and/or other suitable module, that are located in the package along with the processor module. Having the auxiliary module in the package with the processor module reduces the noise at the solder bump between the processor module and the substrate. Having the auxiliary module in the package with the processor module also allows other modules to be added to the package without increasing the area of the package.

Face clustering device, face clustering method, and program

Provided is a face clustering device that detects a face included in an image, detects a direction of the detected face, detects, taking into account the detected direction of the face, a face with a similar feature and forms a collection of pieces of face information showing a feature of this face, narrows down, for each collection of pieces of face information which has been formed, the number of pieces of face information to a number set in advance for each face direction and sets each collection of pieces of face information for which the number has been narrowed down as a unit group, and performs, with the set unit group as a unit, clustering based on pieces of face information included in each unit group.

Reflective relay processing on logical ports for channelized links in edge virtual bridging systems

Embodiments of the invention relate to reflective relay (RR) processing on logical ports for channelized links in edge virtual bridging (EVB) systems. One embodiment includes providing a virtual edge bridge (VEB) mode and a virtual Ethernet port aggregator (VEPA) mode in an EVB system on a same port of a physical switch. RR capability per channel is negotiated between a server and the physical switch in the EVB system. RR per channel is supported on the physical switch of the EVB system using RR setting information per channel.

IMAGE PROCESSING DEVICE, IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD AND PROGRAM

An image processing device includes a facial region extraction unit extracting a facial region, an identification information acquisition unit acquiring identification information for identifying a face in the facial region, and first and second integrated processing units performing integrated processing. The first and second integrated processing units determine a threshold value on the basis of a relationship between an estimated area and a position of the face being tracked, calculate a similarity between a face being tracked and a face pictured in an image to be stored in a predetermined storage period, and determine if the face being tracked and the stored face image are the face of the same person.

IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS, IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An image processing apparatus includes a face detector detecting face images from still-image frames successively extracted from a moving-image stream in accordance with image information items regarding the still-image frames, a face-feature-value calculation unit calculating face feature values of the face images in accordance with image information items regarding the face images, an identity determination unit determining whether a first face image in a current frame and a second face image in a previous frame represent an identical person in accordance with at least face feature values of the first and second face images, and a merging processor which stores one of the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image represent an identical person, and which stores the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image do not represent an identical person.

Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and program

An image processing apparatus includes a face detector detecting face images from still-image frames successively extracted from a moving-image stream in accordance with image information items regarding the still-image frames, a face-feature-value calculation unit calculating face feature values of the face images in accordance with image information items regarding the face images, an identity determination unit determining whether a first face image in a current frame and a second face image in a previous frame represent an identical person in accordance with at least face feature values of the first and second face images, and a merging processor which stores one of the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image represent an identical person, and which stores the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image do not represent an identical person.

Multi-functional protective sleeve for wound of soft tissue during operation

A multi-functional soft tissue wound protective sleeve includes: a waste collection bag including a bottom patch and a surface patch connected to form a cavity; a bottom ring to be inserted into a human body, to push away human tissues surrounding the bottom ring to form a surgery space; a flip ring located above the waste collection bag and having an adjustable distance with the bottom ring, to prevent waste from touching a surgical surface; a medical inner membrane connecting the bottom ring to the flip ring and defining a surgery channel to the surgery space; a positioning ring sealed with a hole edge of the surgery through-hole on the bottom patch; and a medical outer membrane connecting the positioning ring to the flip ring so as to guide waste escaping the surgery channel over the flip ring to flow into the waste collection bag.

Semi-automatic medical continuous-firing clip applier having biological clip cartridge

A semi-automatic medical continuous-firing clip applier includes a grip and a forceps rod, one end of the forceps rod is connected to the grip, and the other end of the forceps rod is connected to an upper jaw and a lower jaw; the upper jaw and the lower jaw are connected to a trigger, where the forceps rod is internally provided with a biological clip cartridge; the upper jaw and the lower jaw are provided with biological clip positioning grooves; the forceps rod is further internally provided with a transmission mechanism respectively in coordination with the biological clip cartridge and a biological clip propelling apparatus. The biological clip propelling apparatus is configured to drive a biological clip in the biological clip cartridge to enter the positioning grooves in the upper and lower jaws, and then the trigger is tightly held to close the biological clip.

WIND POWER GENERATION DEVICE

A wind power generation device, comprising a base (1), a wind concentrating tower (2), a vertical generator (3), a vertical spiral turbine (4), a turbine air inlet duct (5), a trumpet-shaped wind pushing duct (6) and an umbrella-shaped wind drawing duct (7). The wind concentrating tower concentrates the wind, the trumpet-shaped wind pushing duct pushes the wind, and the umbrella-shaped wind drawing duct draws the wind to form an artificial tornado, generate a low air pressure in the center, and generate a great drawing and pushing force to the turbine, thus driving the vertical spiral turbine to drive the vertical generator to generate power. The wind power generation device achieves wind power generation of large installed capacity.

Electric desalting and dehydration apparatus

Provided is an electric desalting and dehydration apparatus, including an oil inlet distributor of an upper electric field, wherein the oil inlet distributor includes an oil inlet distributing pipe and an oil inlet branch pipe. The oil inlet distributing pipe is arranged in a water tray of an electric desalter, and below a ground electrode of the electric desalter. The oil inlet branch pipe is connected to the oil inlet distributing pipe to supply crude oil into the oil inlet distributing pipe. The oil inlet distributing pipe is provided with oil outlets on both sides thereof in a horizontal direction. The distributor can uniformly distribute crude oil in a water tray, thus all of the crude oil is kept in an electric field for an equal time.

Synchronizing IP information of virtual machines

One embodiment discloses a method and apparatus for synchronizing IP information of virtual machines. The method includes: obtaining an IP relevant message of at least one virtual machine within a subnet, recording IP information and connection information of the at least one virtual machine based on the IP relevant message, and modifying connection information of a specific virtual machine in response to migration of the specific virtual machine. The apparatus corresponds to the method. With the method and apparatus above, IP information and connection information of respective virtual machines within the subnet are recorded regularly and routinely. Once a certain virtual machine is migrated, updating and modifying connection information of the migrated virtual machine is only needed, but without a need for resending a request to the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Thus, network disruptions caused by non-synchronization of IP information when the virtual machine is migrated ...

INFORMATION PROCESSING DEVICE, METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An information processing device includes: an extracting unit configured to extract a face from an image; a grouping unit configured to classify the image extracted by the extracting unit into a group; an adding unit configured to add to a group generated by the grouping unit a tag indicating relationship between persons within the group; a closeness calculating unit configured to calculate the closeness of the person of the face from distance between groups generated by the grouping unit; and a person correlation data generating unit configured to generate person correlation data including at least the tag and the closeness.

Systems, apparatus, and methods for heat dissipation

Some examples of the disclosure include a semiconductor package having a heat spreader, an outer perimeter portion attached to the bottom of the heat spreader along the perimeter and having a plurality of electrical pathways, a package substrate located below and spaced from the outer perimeter portion and having a plurality of electrical pathways, a plurality of connection points located between the outer perimeter component and the package substrate to provide connection points coupling the plurality of electrical pathways of the outer perimeter portion to the plurality of electrical pathways in the package substrate, and a cavity formed on the bottom of the heat spreader inside the outer perimeter portion.

INFORMATION PROCESSOR, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An information processor includes a detection unit detecting a photographic subject region of an image, a characteristic amount generation unit generating a characteristic amount including at least positional information of the photographic subject region for each of the detected photographic subject region, a combined characteristic amount generation unit generating a combined characteristic amount corresponding to the image by combining the characteristic amount generated for each of the photographic subject region, and an identification unit identifying a label corresponding to a combination of a photographic subject appearing in the image based on the generated combined characteristic amount.

Wind power generation device

A wind power generation device, comprising a base (1), a wind concentrating tower (2), a vertical generator (3), a vertical spiral turbine (4), a turbine air inlet duct (5), a trumpet-shaped wind pushing duct (6) and an umbrella-shaped wind drawing duct (7). The wind concentrating tower concentrates the wind, the trumpet-shaped wind pushing duct pushes the wind, and the umbrella-shaped wind drawing duct draws the wind to form an artificial tornado, generate a low air pressure in the center, and generate a great drawing and pushing force to the turbine, thus driving the vertical spiral turbine to drive the vertical generator to generate power. The wind power generation device achieves wind power generation of large installed capacity.

Message index subdivided based on time intervals

During a storage technique, multiple messages (such as emails) associated with a user of a communication application are received. Then, the multiple messages are stored in a message table associated with the user and the multiple messages are indexed in an index associated with the user. This index may be divided into multiple divisions if a total number of messages stored in the message table exceeds a threshold value, where each division corresponds to messages received during a different time interval.

INFORMATION PROCESSING APPARATUS, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An information processing apparatus includes an image generation unit configured to generate a viewpoint image in a case where a watch point set in a three-dimensional virtual space is viewed from a predetermined virtual viewpoint, a detection unit configured to detect a movement of an operator, and a viewpoint displacement unit configured to displace the virtual viewpoint with the set watch point as a reference on the basis of the detected movement of the operator.

Information processing apparatus, method, and computer-readable storage medium for generating food item images

An information processing apparatus includes a clipping section that clips, from a captured image in which a food is captured as a subject, regions for each food to generate food images, and a grouping section that groups the generated food images for each identical subject.

Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and program

An image processing apparatus includes a face detector detecting face images from still-image frames successively extracted from a moving-image stream in accordance with image information items regarding the still-image frames, a face-feature-value calculation unit calculating face feature values of the face images in accordance with image information items regarding the face images, an identity determination unit determining whether a first face image in a current frame and a second face image in a previous frame represent an identical person in accordance with at least face feature values of the first and second face images, and a merging processor which stores one of the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image represent an identical person, and which stores the first and second face images when the first face image and the second face image do not represent an identical person.

PACKAGE ON PACKAGE (PoP) DEVICE COMPRISING THERMAL INTERFACE MATERIAL (TIM) IN CAVITY OF AN ENCAPSULATION LAYER

A package on package (PoP) device includes a first package, a thermal interface material, and a second package coupled to the first package. The first package includes a first integrated device and a first encapsulation layer that at least partially encapsulates the first integrated device, where the first encapsulation layer includes a first cavity located laterally with respect to the first integrated device. The thermal interface material (TIM) is coupled to the first integrated device such that the thermal interface material (TIM) is formed between the first integrated device and the second package. The thermal interface material (TIM) is formed in the first cavity of the first encapsulation layer.

ENSURING CONSISTENCY OF DERIVED DATA IN A DISTRIBUTED STORAGE SYSTEM

A system, methods, and apparatus are provided for ensuring consistency of derived data, relative to primary data, in a distributed data storage system. Primary data and derived data are stored on and/or managed by separate components of the data storage system, such as different storage engines. Primary data are written and updated as specified in write requests, which may be queries directed at the primary storage engine. Results of primary data writes are delivered directly to the derived storage engine. If an update to derived data fails, a record is made; if the update succeeds, any recorded failed writes to the same data are cleared. The derived storage engine also receives write results via a change capture stream of events affecting the primary data, and can use these copies of write results to fix failed updates and to clear failures from the failed write records.

INFORMATION PROCESSOR, INFORMATION PROCESSING METHOD, AND PROGRAM

An information processor includes a detection unit detecting a photographic subject region of an image, a characteristic amount generation unit generating a characteristic amount including at least positional information of the photographic subject region for each of the detected photographic subject region, a combined characteristic amount generation unit generating a combined characteristic amount corresponding to the image by combining the characteristic amount generated for each of the photographic subject region, and an identification unit identifying a label corresponding to a combination of a photographic subject appearing in the image based on the generated combined characteristic amount.

Overlay Switch

The present invention discloses an overlay switch (OSW) and a method used by the same. A received unicast packet needs to pass a waypoint chain including a number of waypoints. A network address of a first waypoint of the waypoint chain and an underlay network address of a second OSW connected to the first waypoint are obtained. In response to a determination that the second OSW is not the first OSW the unicast packet is encapsulated into a first underlay network packet according to a specification of an overlay network. A field of a destination header of the first underlay network packet includes the underlay network address of the second OSW. The first underlay network packet is sent to the second OSW.

REFLECTIVE RELAY PROCESSING ON LOGICAL PORTS FOR CHANNELIZED LINKS IN EDGE VIRTUAL BRIDGING SYSTEMS

Embodiments of the invention relate to reflective relay (RR) processing on logical ports for channelized links in edge virtual bridging (EVB) systems. One embodiment includes providing a virtual edge bridge (VEB) mode and a virtual Ethernet port aggregator (VEPA) mode in an EVB system on a same port of a physical switch. RR capability per channel is negotiated between a server and the physical switch in the EVB system. RR per channel is supported on the physical switch of the EVB system using RR setting information per channel.

Overlay switch

The present invention discloses an overlay switch (OSW) and a method used by the same. A received unicast packet needs to pass a waypoint chain including a number of waypoints. A network address of a first waypoint of the waypoint chain and an underlay network address of a second OSW connected to the first waypoint are obtained. In response to a determination that the second OSW is not the first OSW the unicast packet is encapsulated into a first underlay network packet according to a specification of an overlay network. A field of a destination header of the first underlay network packet includes the underlay network address of the second OSW. A source port field of a user datagram protocol (UDP) header is set to indicate a waypoint index included in a corresponding waypoint chain. The first underlay network packet is sent to the second OSW.

Event subscription for serviceability via bidirectional proxy

Disclosed methods provision a host with a pair of proxy resources. A first proxy resource may be configured to forward traffic from an in-band management interface of the host to a link-local interface of a BMC or the like. The second proxy resource is configured to forward traffic received via a link-local interface of the host to a management network interface of a cluster manager. Upon receiving an event subscription message from the cluster manager via the in-band management interface of the host, the event subscription message is forwarded by the first proxy to the link-local interface of the BMC to register a link-local interface of the host as a subscriber for one or more events. Responsive to receiving an event notification from the BMC via the link-local interface of the host, the event notification is automatically forwarded to the management network interface of the cluster manager.

Information processing apparatus, information processing method, and program

An information processing apparatus includes an image generation unit configured to generate a viewpoint image in a case where a watch point set in a three-dimensional virtual space is viewed from a predetermined virtual viewpoint, a detection unit configured to detect a movement of an operator, and a viewpoint displacement unit configured to displace the virtual viewpoint with the set watch point as a reference on the basis of the detected movement of the operator.

Information processing apparatus, information processing method, program, and information processing system

An information processing apparatus that includes circuitry configured to search for related content from compared content, the related content being content related to reference content possessed by a user, the compared content being content other than the reference content, set, in response to a selection to perform meta tag assignment processing, meta tag information, which is a name of the reference content, according to the related content, and determine, in response to a selection to perform sharing processing, whether the related content is shareable between the user who is associated with the related content and another user, based on whether a relationship exists between the user and the another user.

Information processing device, method, and program

An information processing device includes: an extracting unit configured to extract a face from an image; a grouping unit configured to classify the image extracted by the extracting unit into a group; an adding unit configured to add to a group generated by the grouping unit a tag indicating relationship between persons within the group; a closeness calculating unit configured to calculate the closeness of the person of the face from distance between groups generated by the grouping unit; and a person correlation data generating unit configured to generate person correlation data including at least the tag and the closeness.

Image processing device and image processing method for processing an image

An image processing device includes a facial region extraction unit extracting a facial region, an identification information acquisition unit acquiring identification information for identifying a face in the facial region, and first and second integrated processing units performing integrated processing. The first and second integrated processing units determine a threshold value on the basis of a relationship between an estimated area and a position of the face being tracked, calculate a similarity between a face being tracked and a face pictured in an image to be stored in a predetermined storage period, and determine if the face being tracked and the stored face image are the face of the same person.

TRANSACTIONAL KEY-VALUE DATABASE WITH SEARCHABLE INDEXES

During a search technique, indexes associated with user accounts of users that are using the communication application are opened in memory from a transactional key-value database. These indexes encompass messages (such as emails) communicated using the communication application, and each of the users has at least one separate, associated index. When a search query associated with a target user account is received from the communication application, a search based on the search query is performed by reading the associated index in the memory from the transactional key-value database without managing the index using a file system. Then, a result for the search query is returned.

Information processing apparatus and method for searching of content based on meta information

An information processing apparatus includes a content search unit that searches for related content from compared content; the related content is content related to reference content possessed by a user, and the compared content is content other than the reference content. The information processing apparatus also includes a meta tag assignment unit that sets meta tag information, which is a name of the reference content, according to the related content.

Consumable chip and communication method for consumable chip

Provided is a consumable chip and a communication method thereof. The method is adopted for a consumable chip including a first consumable MCU unit, a verification cryptographic operation unit and a second consumable MCU unit; the method includes: when the first consumable MCU unit is incompatible with the printer, the first consumable MCU unit activating the second consumable MCU unit to execute a second consumable chip core processing flow, and calling the verification cryptographic algorithm function program of the verification cryptographic operation unit to calculate a new verification password; after the first consumable MCU unit inquires that the second consumable MCU unit has completed the second consumable chip core processing flow, the first consumable MCU unit reading the new verification password and sending to the printer, the new verification password is received by the printer to achieve compatibility between the first consumable MCU unit and the printer.

Systems and methods for providing power to pulse-width-modulation controllers of power converters during normal operation

Controller and method for a power converter. For example, the controller includes: a first terminal configured to receive a first voltage; a second terminal connected to a capacitor and biased to a second voltage; a voltage detector configured to receive the second voltage from the second terminal and generate a detection signal based at least in part on the second voltage; a charging controller configured to receive the detection signal and generate a first control signal based at least in part on the detection signal; and a charging current generator configured to receive the first voltage from the first terminal and receive the first control signal from the charging controller; wherein the voltage detector is further configured to: detect that the second voltage has decreased to a first predetermined threshold; and generate the detection signal indicating that the second voltage has decreased to the first predetermined threshold.

Image processing apparatus, image processing method, program, and electronic device

An image processing apparatus detects one or more subjects set as detection targets from a shot image acquired by imaging. An image pyramid generator generates an image pyramid used to detect the one or more subjects, wherein the image pyramid is generated by reducing or enlarging the shot image using scales set in advance according to the distance from the imaging unit that conducts the imaging to the one or more subjects to be detected. A detection region determining unit determines, from among the entire image regions in the image pyramid, one or more detection regions for detecting the one or more subjects. A subject detector detects the one or more subjects from the one or more detection regions.

Mounting system of a panel and clip of the system

The present invention provides a mounting system for a panel, comprising: a clip, a sub-frame, a spacer and a resilient washer, wherein the clip and sub-frame are secured by a screw going through a round hole of the clip, the wing and a hole of the sub-frame. The mounting clip has the following characteristics: reducing the number of clips because clips may be used for both horizontal and vertical mountings of the ceramic panel; the clips are not exposed; the resilient contact between the clips and panels; panels are not vulnerable to come off; the clips can satisfy the separate mounting and removal for panels.

Information processor, information processing method, and program

An information processor includes a detection unit detecting a photographic subject region of an image, a characteristic amount generation unit generating a characteristic amount including at least positional information of the photographic subject region for each of the detected photographic subject region, a combined characteristic amount generation unit generating a combined characteristic amount corresponding to the image by combining the characteristic amount generated for each of the photographic subject region, and an identification unit identifying a label corresponding to a combination of a photographic subject appearing in the image based on the generated combined characteristic amount.

Ink cartridge chip, ink cartridge and operation method for giving response to printing work

The application provides an ink cartridge chip, an ink cartridge and an operation method for giving response to printing work, and belongs to the technical field of printing. The ink cartridge chip comprises a storage module at least provided with a first ink quantity data block and a second ink quantity data block which share data with a printer and make the printer have one printing mode, wherein the first ink quantity data block is fixed in the printing mode, and the second ink quantity data block is variable in the printing mode. The ink cartridge comprises the ink cartridge chip. The application with a printing system is easy, convenient and fast, universality is high, printing at a high ink utilization rate is achieved in one printing mode, and the problems of resource waste, consumable loss, high cost and the like are solved.

NON-VOLATILE MEMOERY DEVICE

A non-volatile memory device is disclosed. The non-volatile memory device includes a bank configured to include a plurality of unit cells so as to output sensed data to a global input/output (I/O) line, and a data input/output (I/O) unit configured to store the same data as that of a unit cell contained in the bank in a register, store external input data in the register during a write operation, and output data stored in the register to an external part during a read operation. 1. A non-volatile memory device comprising:a bank including a plurality of unit cells and configured to output sensed data to a global input/output (I/O) line; anda data input/output (I/O) unit including a register and configured to store the sensed data in the register, the data input/output (I/O) unit being configured to store external input data in the register during a write operation and output data stored in the register to an external node during a read operation.2. The non-volatile memory device according to claim 1 , wherein the register includes a row data buffer (RDB).3. The non-volatile memory device according to claim 1 , the device further comprising:a data input/output (I/O) pad configured to communicate with the data input/output (I/O) unit,wherein the register is provided adjacent to the data input/output (I/O) pad.4. The non-volatile memory device according to claim 1 , wherein the data input/output (I/O) unit includes:a data storing unit configured to store external input data therein, and store data received from the bank;a data transmitting unit configured to transmit the data stored in the data storing unit;a data output driving unit configured to drive the data received from the bank and stored in the data storing unit, and output the driven data;a data input/output (I/O) pad configured to output the data driven by the data output driving unit to an external node or receive the external input data from an external node; anda data input buffer configured to buffer the ...

THIN FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Provided embodiments are a thin film including a support material and nano particles having different density from that of the support material, and a method for manufacturing the same. Due to the density difference, the nano particles are intensively concentrated on an upper or lower part of the support material. The inventive concept also discloses a thin film capable of increasing surface roughness and a method for manufacturing the same. The thin film includes a support material, and particles contained therein. The particles may have lower density than that of the support material, and increase surface roughness at an upper part of the support material. 1. A thin film comprising:a support material, and particles contained therein,wherein a density of the particles is different from that of the support material, and the particles are intensively concentrated on an upper or lower part of the support material.2. The thin film of claim 1 , wherein the particles have a lower density than that of the support material claim 1 , and increase surface roughness at the upper part of the support material.3. The thin film of claim 2 , wherein the surface roughness increases in proportion to the density difference between the particles and the support material.4. The thin film of claim 3 , wherein the particles have a lower refractive index than that of the support material.5. The thin film of claim 4 , wherein the particles have diameters of about 1 nm to about 500 nms.6. The thin film of claim 5 , wherein the surface roughness is proportion to the diameters of the particles.7. The thin film of claim 6 , wherein the surface roughness is larger than about 1 nm and smaller than about 500 nms.8. The thin film of claim 3 , wherein the support material comprises at least one of aluminum oxide claim 3 , titanium oxide claim 3 , tantalum oxide claim 3 , and zinc oxide.9. The thin film of claim 8 , wherein the particles comprise at least one of silicon oxide and nitride oxide.10. ...

Multi-Action Capacitive Switch and Methods of Use

A multi-action capacitive switch comprising a capacitive sensing area in a surface, a plunger comprising conductive material, and a structure of flexible conductive material. A change in capacitance caused by the presence of a user's finger travels from the capacitive sensing area, down the conductive material of the plunger, over the structure, and to a capacitive touch detector in contact with the structure. An actuation of the switch, for example by pressing, is detected by an actuation detector. In a handheld electronic device, a user may initiate a phone call using such a multi-action capacitive switch. The method includes displaying a list of phone numbers in response to detection of a user's finger on a predetermined key and calling one of the numbers when the user actuates the predetermined key. 1. A multi-action capacitive switch device , comprising:a surface comprising a capacitive sensing area;a plunger comprising a conductive material, the conductive material in contact with the capacitive sensing area;a structure of flexible conductive material in contact with the conductive material of the plunger;a capacitive touch detector; andan actuation detector,the structure of flexible conductive material connecting with the capacitive touch detector and, when the device is actuated, the plunger causing the structure to connect with the actuation detector.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the capacitive sensing area detects a touch and transfers a capacitance change down the conductive material to the structure of flexible conductive material claim 1 , and the structure transfers the capacitance change to the capacitive touch detector.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the plunger further comprises a non-conductive material housing the conductive material.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the capacitive sensing area and the conductive material are a molded piece.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the capacitive touch detector determines a duration of a touch.6 ...

DOME-SHAPED PIEZOELECTRIC LINEAR MOTOR

The present invention relates to a dome-shaped piezoelectric linear motor, and provides a piezoelectric linear motor having enhanced displacement using dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic. A dome-shaped piezoelectric linear motor (DSPLM) comprises: a dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator which has two surfaces applied with different electrodes; a bar-shaped vibration shaft which is vertically fixed at the apex of the dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator; a cylinder-shaped mobile element which is inserted into the vibration shaft and moves linearly along the vibration shaft; and a ceramic restraining element which is fixed at a lower edge portion of the dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator. Therefore, the vibration displacement in the direction of the vibration shaft is increased when compared to the vibration displacement in the thickness direction of planar piezoelectric ceramic. 1. A dome-shaped piezoelectric linear motor (DSPLM) comprising:a dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator having opposite sides to which different electrodes are applied;a bar-shaped vibration shaft vertically secured to an apex of the dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator;a cylindrical mobile element inserted into the vibration shaft and linearly moving along the vibration shaft; anda ceramic restraining element secured to a lower edge of the dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator.2. The piezoelectric linear motor of claim 1 , further comprising:a compressing member disposed on the mobile element to maintain a predetermined degree of friction in a contact region between the mobile element and the vibration shaft.3. The piezoelectric linear motor of claim 2 , wherein the compressing member is one selected from among a spring claim 2 , a bolt and a silicon rubber member.4. The piezoelectric linear motor of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic restraining element is integrally formed with the dome-shaped piezoelectric ceramic actuator.5. The piezoelectric linear motor of ...

Fc fusion proteins of human growth hormone

Fc fusion proteins of human growth hormone with good biological activities relative to rhGH on a molar basis are disclosed. The hGH-L-vFc fusion protein comprises hGH, a flexible peptide linker of about 20 or fewer amino acids, and a human IgG Fc variant. The Fc variant is of a non-lytic nature and shows minimal undesirable Fc-mediated side effects. A method is also disclosed to make or produce such fusion proteins at high expression levels. Such hGH-L-vFc fusion proteins exhibit extended or prolonged serum half-life and/or good biological activities relative to that of rhGH on a molar basis, leading to improved pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, thus fewer injections will be needed within a period of time.

ELECTRONIC MOBILE DEVICE SEAMLESS KEY/DISPLAY STRUCTURE

A key/display assembly includes a first switch and a display module disposed aside the first switch. A touch-sensitive input panel overlies the first switch and the display module, and the touch-sensitive input panel includes a first touch-sensitive region proximate the first switch. The electronic mobile device further includes a first key defined by the first switch and the first touch-sensitive region. As such, the first key is actuated by pressing the first touch-sensitive region to displace the first touch-sensitive region and thereby actuate the first switch. 1. A key/display assembly , comprising:a first switch;a display module disposed aside the first switch;a touch-sensitive input panel overlying the first switch and the display module, the touch-sensitive input panel including a first touch-sensitive region proximate the first switch;a first key having at least one of an invariant text character and an invariant functional character, the first key being further defined by the first switch and the first touch-sensitive region such that the first key is actuated by pressing the first touch-sensitive region to displace the first touch-sensitive region and thereby actuate the first switch.2. The key/display assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first touch-sensitive region is cantilevered past an edge of the display module.3. The key/display assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a compressible gasket disposed between the display module and the touch-sensitive input panel and proximate the edge of the display module.4. The key/display assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a lens overlying the first switch claim 1 , the display module claim 1 , and the touch-sensitive input panel claim 1 , and the lens including a first contact region overlying the first touch-sensitive region; andwherein the first key is further defined by the first switch, the first touch-sensitive region, and the first contact region such that the first key is actuated by pressing the first ...

Electronic device with an adjustable board structure

An electronic device includes a first board structure, a second board structure and a pivoting mechanism. A fixing hole is formed on the first board structure. Two ends of the pivoting mechanism respectively pivot to the first board structure and the second board structure. The electronic device further includes a fixing mechanism installed on the pivoting mechanism. The fixing mechanism includes a base fixed inside the pivoting mechanism, a pin disposed on the base in a slidable manner for inserting into the fixing hole on the first board structure so as to constrain rotation of the first board structure relative to the pivoting mechanism, and a latch disposed on the base in a slidable manner and contacting against the pin for sliding the pin relative to the base.

SOLAR CELL MODULE

Provided is a solar cell module. The solar cell module includes a solar cell, a sealing layer configured to protect the solar cell, and a bonding layer disposed between the solar cell and the sealing layer. The bonding layer has adhesion to fix the sealing layer to the solar cell. When the sealing layer is repaired, the adhesion of the bonding layer is reduced by an external stimulation. 1. A solar cell module comprising:a solar cell;a sealing layer configured to protect the solar cell; anda bonding layer disposed between the solar cell and the sealing layer and having adhesion to fix the sealing layer to the solar cell,wherein when the sealing layer is repaired, the adhesion of the bonding layer is reduced by an external stimulation.2. The solar cell module of claim 1 , wherein the external stimulation is ultraviolet irradiation.3. The solar cell module of claim 2 , wherein the bonding layer comprises a photodegradable polymer.4. The solar cell module of claim 3 , wherein the photodegradable polymer comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene-carbon monoxide copolymers claim 3 , vinyl ketone-based copolymers claim 3 , thermoplastic 1 claim 3 ,2-polybutadiene claim 3 , polyisobutylene claim 3 , polymers with triplet photosensitizer claim 3 , and polymers with metal compound.5. The solar cell module of claim 1 , wherein the external stimulation is a temperature variation.6. The solar cell module of claim 5 , wherein if the bonding layer is heated or cooled to a temperature out of an adhesion temperature range claim 5 , the adhesion of the bonding layer is not maintained.7. The solar cell module of claim 6 , wherein the bonding layer comprises a mixture of a thermoplastic resin and a plasticizer.8. The solar cell module of claim 7 , wherein the thermoplastic resin comprises at least one of ethylene vinylacetate (EVA) claim 7 , ethylene acrylate claim 7 , polyolefin claim 7 , or polyethylene claim 7 , and the plasticizer comprises at least one ...

POWER GENERATING CIRCUIT AND SWITCHING CIRCUIT

The power generating circuit includes: a first transistor having a control terminal to which a second control signal is applied and one end to which a first control signal is applied; and a second transistor having a control terminal to which the first control signal is applied and one end to which the second control signal is applied, wherein the other ends of the first transistor and the second transistor are connected to an output terminal. 1. A power generating circuit , comprising:a first transistor having a control terminal to which a second control signal is applied and one end to which a first control signal is applied; anda second transistor having a control terminal to which the first control signal is applied and one end to which the second control signal is applied,wherein the other ends of the first transistor and the second transistor are connected to an output terminal.2. The power generating circuit according to claim 1 , wherein when the first control signal or the second control is a turn-on signal claim 1 , power is output from the output terminal.3. The power generating circuit according to claim 1 , wherein the first transistor and the second transistor are P-type or an N-type MOS transistors.4. A power generating circuit claim 1 , comprising:a first transistor having a control terminal to which a third control signal is applied and one end to which a first control signal is applied;a second transistor having a control terminal to which a second control signal is applied and one end to which the other end of the first transistor is connected;a third transistor having a control terminal to which the first control signal is applied and one end to which the second control signal is applied;a fourth transistor having a control terminal to which the third control signal is applied and one end to which the other end of the third transistor is connected;a fifth transistor having a control terminal to which the second control signal is applied and one ...

INVERTER AND SWITCHING CIRCUIT

Disclosed herein are an inverter and an antenna circuit. The inverter that receives control signals, inverts the control signals including a first control signal, a second control signal, and a third control signal, and outputs the inverted control signals, includes: a first MOS transistor having a gate to which a first control signal is applied and a source that is grounded; a second MOS transistor having a gate to which a third control signal is applied and a source to which a second control signal is applied; and a third MOS transistor having a gate to which a second control signal is applied and a source to which a third control signal is applied, wherein drains of the first MOS transistor, the second MOS transistor, and the third MOS transistor are connected to an output terminal. 1. An inverter that receives control signals , inverts the control signals , and outputs the inverted control signals , the inverter comprising:a first transistor having a control terminal to which a first control signal is applied and one end that is grounded;a second transistor having a control terminal to which a third control signal is applied and one end to which a second control signal is applied; anda third transistor having a control terminal to which the second control signal is applied and one end to which the third control signal is applied,wherein the other ends of the first transistor, the second transistor, and the third transistor are connected to an output terminal.2. The inverter according to claim 1 , wherein the first transistor is an N-type MOS transistor.3. The inverter according to claim 1 , wherein the second transistor and the third transistor are P-type MOS transistors.4. An inverter that receives n control signals claim 1 , inverts control signals to be inverted and outputs the inverted control signals claim 1 , the inverter comprising:a first transistor having a control terminal to which control signals to be inverted are applied and one end that is grounded ...

POWER GENERATING CIRCUIT AND SWITCHING CIRCUIT

Disclosed herein is a power generating circuit including a first transistor in which a second control signal is applied to a control terminal and a first control signal is applied to one end, and which has the other end connected to an output terminal, a second transistor in which the first control signal is applied to a control terminal and the second control signal is applied to one end, and which has the other end connected to the output terminal a third transistor in which one of the first and the second control signals is applied to a control terminal and which has one end grounded, and a fourth transistor in which the other one thereof is applied to a control terminal and which has one end connected to the other end of the third transistor and the other end connected to the output terminal. 1. A power generating circuit comprising:a first transistor in which a second control signal is applied to a control terminal and a first control signal is applied to one end, and which has the other end connected to an output terminal;a second transistor in which the first control signal is applied to a control terminal and the second control signal is applied to one end, and which has the other end connected to the output terminal;a third transistor in which one of the first and the second control signals is applied to a control terminal and which has one end grounded; anda fourth transistor in which the other one of the first and the second control signals is applied to a control terminal and which has one end connected to the other end of the third transistor and the other end connected to the output terminal.2. The power generating circuit according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if the first control signal or the second control signal is an on-signal claim 1 , a power voltage is output from the output terminal.3. The power generating circuit according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , only if the first control signal or the second control signal is an on-signal claim 1 , ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Disclosed herein are a power module package and a method for manufacturing the same. The power module package includes: a base substrate made of a metal material; cooling channels formed to allow a cooling material to flow in an inner portion of the base substrate; an anodized layer formed on an outer surface of the base substrate; a metal layer formed on a first surface of the base substrate having the anodized layer and including circuits and connection pads; and semiconductor devices mounted on the metal layer. 1. A power module package comprising:a base substrate made of a metal material;cooling channels formed to allow a cooling material to flow in an inner portion of the base substrate;an anodized layer formed on an outer surface of the base substrate;a metal layer formed on a first surface of the base substrate having the anodized layer and including circuits and connection pads; andsemiconductor devices mounted on the metal layer.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the cooling channel is formed at the center of the base substrate in a thickness direction thereof.3. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the cooling channel has a circular or polygonal cross section shape in a thickness direction of the base substrate.4. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the cooling channel includes:an introduction part having the cooling material introduced therethrough;a path part connected to the introduction part to thereby allow the introduced cooling material to pass therethrough; anda discharge part connected to the path part to thereby allow the cooling material to be discharged therethrough, andwherein when the path part includes a plurality of paths, the plurality of paths have a symmetrically radial shape based on the introduction part and the discharge part.5. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the cooling channel includes:an introduction part having the cooling material ...

SOLAR CELLS

Solar cells are provided. The solar cell may include a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, a first light absorption layer disposed on the first electrode and including silicon containing oxygen, a second light absorption layer disposed on the first light absorption layer and including silicon containing germanium, and a second electrode on the second light absorption layer. The first light absorption layer may include a plurality of semiconductor layers which have oxygen-content ratios different from each other, respectively. The second light absorption layer may include a plurality of semiconductor layers which have germanium-content ratios different from each other, respectively. 1. A solar cell comprising:a substrate;a first electrode on the substrate;a first light absorption layer on the first electrode, the first light absorption layer including silicon containing oxygen;a second light absorption layer on the first light absorption layer, the second light absorption layer including silicon containing germanium; anda second electrode on the second light absorption layer,wherein the first light absorption layer includes a plurality of semiconductor layers which have oxygen-content ratios different from each other, respectively; andwherein the second light absorption layer includes a plurality of semiconductor layers which have germanium-content ratios different from each other, respectively.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first light absorption layer comprises:a first p-type semiconductor layer on the first electrode;a first i-type semiconductor layer on the first p-type semiconductor layer, the first i-type semiconductor layer having an oxygen-content ratio lower than an oxygen-content ratio of the first p-type semiconductor layer; anda first n-type semiconductor layer on the first i-type semiconductor layer, the first n-type semiconductor layer having an oxygen-content ratio lower than an oxygen-content ratio of the first i-type ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE

Disclosed herein is a power module package including: a substrate having a ceramic layer formed in one surface thereof; a circuit pattern formed on the ceramic layer; a first lead frame having one side contacting the circuit pattern and the other side protruding toward the outside; and a first semiconductor chip mounted on one side of the first lead frame. 1. A power module package , comprising:a substrate having a ceramic layer formed in one surface thereof;a circuit pattern formed on the ceramic layer;a first lead frame having one side contacting the circuit pattern and the other side protruding toward the outside; anda first semiconductor chip mounted on one side of the first lead frame.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising: a bonding layer formed between the circuit pattern and the first lead frame.3. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the circuit pattern includes an electroless plating layer and an electroplating layer.4. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising:a second lead frame spaced apart from the first lead frame and electrically connected to the first semiconductor chip; anda second semiconductor chip mounted on the second lead frame.5. The power module package as set forth in claim 4 , wherein the first lead frame and the second lead frame are formed to have a step therebetween.6. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising: a molding material formed to surround the first semiconductor chip from a side of the substrate.7. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a metal substrate.8. A power module package claim 1 , comprising:a substrate having a ceramic layer formed in one surface thereof;a circuit pattern formed on the ceramic layer; anda lead frame bonded onto the circuit pattern.9. The power module package as set forth in claim 8 , wherein the lead frame includes a first lead frame having one side ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Disclosed herein is a power module package, including: a first lead frame; and a second lead frame. The first lead frame and the second lead frame may be spaced apart from each other, and the first lead frame and the second lead frame may have different thicknesses. In addition, the power module package further includes: a first semiconductor chip bonded to a first surface of one side of the first lead frame; and a second semiconductor chip bonded to a first surface of one side of the second lead frame. 1. A power module package , comprising:a first lead frame; anda second lead frame,wherein the first lead frame and the second lead frame are spaced apart from each other, and the first lead frame and the second lead frame have different thicknesses.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising:at least one first semiconductor chip bonded onto a first surface of one side of the first lead frame; andat least one second semiconductor chip bonded onto a first surface of one side of the second lead frame.3. The power module package as set forth in claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , in the case where the first semiconductor chip is a power device and the second semiconductor chip is a control device claim 2 , the thickness of the second lead frame is smaller than the thickness of the first lead frame.4. The power module package as set forth in claim 2 , further comprising a molding material surrounding one side of the first lead frame claim 2 , one side of the second lead frame claim 2 , the first semiconductor chip claim 2 , and the second semiconductor chip.5. The power module package as set forth in claim 2 , further comprising a substrate contacting a second surface of one side of the first lead frame claim 2 ,the substrate including:a ceramic layer formed on a surface contacting the second surface of one side of the first lead frame; anda circuit pattern formed on the ceramic layer.6. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , further ...

Support stand and electronic device having the same

A support stand is disclosed. The support stand includes a first base body, a connecting member, a second base body, and a support member. The first base body includes an input device and a first electric connector, wherein the first electric connector is electrically connected to the input device. The connecting member is connected with the first base body. The second base body is connected with the connecting member, and the second base body is rotatable relative to the first base body via the connecting member. The support member is connected with the first base body, and it can balance the support stand when the first base body is not located on the same plane.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MOTION ENHANCED IMAGE CAPTURE

The present disclosure provides motion enhanced image capture methods and devices. Sensed motion is used to adjust for non-motion related imaging problems, such as low light conditions and imaging stitching image alignment, to improve image capture and post-capture image processing. 1. A method for motion enhanced image capture on a portable electronic device , the method comprising:storing an image captured by an image sensor of the portable electronic device in a buffer memory;sensing motion of the portable electronic device;selecting an image for capture using the image sensor in response to input;selecting a new image from the image buffer when the sensed motion is greater than a threshold level of motion.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the new image is an image in the buffer memory with a least amount of sensed motion.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the new image is an image in the buffer memory which is closest in chronological order to the selected image and is associated with a measure of sensed motion which is less than the threshold level of motion.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the storing an image captured by an image sensor includes:displaying a real-time image captured by an image sensor;storing the real-time image in a buffer memory.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising storing the new image in persistent memory.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the new image is selected when the new image is predicted to have a level of motion blur which is less than a threshold level of motion blur based on a magnitude of the sensed motion when the initially selected image was captured and an f-number at which the initially selected image was captured.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the new image is selected when the new image is predicted to have a level of motion blur which is less than a threshold level of motion blur based on a magnitude of the sensed motion when the initially selected image was captured claim 1 , an f-number at which the ...

BIDIRECTIONAL COLOR EMBODIMENT THIN FILM SILICON SOLAR CELL

Provided is a thin film silicon solar cell. The thin film silicon solar cell includes a light absorbing layer, a front transparent electrode disposed on one surface of the light absorbing layer to emit light having a first color, and a rear transparent electrode disposed on the other surface of the light absorbing layer to emit light having a second color. 1. A thin film silicon solar cell comprising:a light absorbing layer;a front transparent electrode disposed on one surface of the light absorbing layer to emit light having a first color; anda rear transparent electrode disposed on the other surface of the light absorbing layer to emit light having a second color.2. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the light absorbing layer claim 1 , the front transparent electrode claim 1 , and the rear transparent electrode have refractive indexes different from each other.3. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the front transparent electrode and the rear transparent electrode have the same thickness.4. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the front transparent electrode has a thickness greater than that of the rear transparent electrode.5. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the front transparent electrode has a thickness less than that of the rear transparent electrode.6. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the front transparent electrode and the rear transparent electrode has a thickness of about 50 nm to about 1 claim 1 ,500 nm.7. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the front transparent electrode and the rear transparent electrode is formed of one of ITO claim 1 , ZnO:Al claim 1 , ZnO:Ga claim 1 , and SnO:F.8. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the light absorbing layer comprises one of an amorphous silicon layer claim 1 , an amorphous silicon germanium layer claim 1 , a micro crystalline silicon layer claim 1 , and a micro ...

NOISE HANDLING DURING AUDIO AND VIDEO RECORDING

The disclosure is directed to techniques for noise handling in audio or video recording. Sounds that may be generated during the audio recording, such as by activation of switches, may appear as undesired artifacts in the recording. Techniques and apparatus are described whereby, when an undesired sound is generated, an inverse of the sound is applied to the sound, thereby canceling the unwanted sound from the recording. Further, the techniques can be adapted to many kinds of portable electronic devices having many kinds of switches and many kinds of undesirable sounds. 1. A method in a device having a switch , memory and a microphone , the method comprising:during audio recording, detecting an activation of the switch;retrieving from memory a representative switch sound associated with the switch, the representative switch sound having an inverse form;receiving at the microphone a sound associated with the switch; andapplying the inverse form to the received sound to cancel the sound.2. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the activation of the switch comprises a second activation of the switch, andwherein the sound associated with the switch comprises a second sound associated with the switch, prior to the audio recording, detecting a first activation of the switch;', 'receiving at the microphone a first sound associated with the switch; and', 'storing the representative switch sound in memory, the representative switch sound being a function of the first sound., 'the method further comprising3. The method of claim 2 , wherein storing the representative switch sound in memory comprises storing the representative switch sound in memory in the inverse form.4. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:measuring a time interval between the first activation and the receiving at the microphone of the first sound; andstoring a timing in memory, the timing being a function of the measurement.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the sound associated with the switch comprises a ...

NON-VOLATILE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE SAME

A non-volatile semiconductor device and a method for controlling the same are disclosed, which can increase a read efficiency of the non-volatile semiconductor device using the Low Power Double Data Rate (LPDDR) 2 specifications. The non-volatile semiconductor device includes a decoder configured to output a plurality of active control signals by decoding an active address and an active signal, and a plurality of active controls configured to be controlled by the plurality of active control signals and a plurality of active reset signals so as to generate a plurality of active enable signals that are independently activated. 1. A non-volatile semiconductor device , comprising:a decoder configured to output a plurality of active control signals by decoding an active address and an active signal; anda plurality of active controllers configured to generate a plurality of active enable signals in response to the plurality of active control signals and a plurality of active reset signals, the plurality of active enable signals being independently activated to control active states of a plurality of partitions of a cell array.2. The non-volatile semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , if the active signal is activated claim 1 , each of the active control signals is activated independently from each other.3. The non-volatile semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the active enable signals are respectively activated in response to the active control signals claim 1 , and remain activated during a Row Active to Column Active Delay time (tRCD).4. The non-volatile semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of active enable signals is respectively deactivated in response to the plurality of active reset signals.5. The non-volatile semiconductor device according to claim 1 , wherein the non-volatile semiconductor device uses Low Power Double Data Rate (LPDDR) 2 specifications.6. The non-volatile semiconductor device ...

IMAGE PROCESSING APPARATUS, IMAGE RELAYING APPARATUS, METHOD FOR PROCESSING IMAGE, AND METHOD FOR RELAYING IMAGE

A method of relaying an image. The method includes receiving a plurality of images which are photographed by a plurality of image processing apparatuses, determining orientation modes of the plurality of images, combining the plurality of images to generate a combined image in which the plurality of combined images are orientated in the same way, and transmitting the combined image to the plurality of image processing apparatuses. 1. A method of relaying an image comprising:receiving a plurality of images from the plurality of image processing apparatuses;determining orientation modes of each of the plurality of images;combining the plurality of images to generate a combined image; andtransmitting the combined image to the plurality of image processing apparatuses.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transmitting comprises transmitting information about the combined image to the plurality of image processing apparatuses along with the combined image.3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the information about the combined image comprises at least one of the determined orientation mode of each of the plurality of images claim 2 , frame coordinates claim 2 , rotation information claim 2 , scale information claim 2 , an aspect ratio claim 2 , and a number of user images that are being combined.4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the combining comprises combining the plurality of images to have the same orientation mode based on the determined orientation modes.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the receiving comprises receiving claim 1 , from the plurality of image processing apparatuses claim 1 , information about the images that were photographed by the plurality of image processing apparatus along with the images claim 1 ,wherein the determining comprises determining the orientation modes of the plurality of images using the information about the images received from the plurality of image processing apparatuses.6. The method ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Disclosed herein is a power module package including an external connection terminal; a substrate in which a fastening unit allowing one end of the external connection terminal to be insertedly fastened thereinto is buried at a predetermined depth in a thickness direction; and a semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the substrate. 1. A power module package , comprising:an external connection terminal;a substrate in which a fastening unit allowing one end of the external connection terminal to be insertedly fastened thereinto is buried at a predetermined depth in a thickness direction; anda semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the substrate.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes:an insulating material;a circuit layer formed on one surface of the insulating material and including a chip mounting pad and an external connection pad; anda metal layer formed on the other surface of the insulating material, andwherein the fastening unit is made of a conductive material and a part of the fastening unit contacts the external connection pad.3. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the substrate includes:an insulating material;a circuit layer formed on one surface of the insulating material and including a chip mounting pad and an external connection pad; anda metal layer formed on the other surface of the insulating material, andwherein the fastening unit is made of a nonconductive material and the power module package further includes a lead frame electrically connecting the external connection terminal to the external connection pad.4. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the fastening unit further includes a groove into which the external connection terminal formed therein is inserted claim 1 , anda suspending groove and a suspending protrusion corresponding to the suspending groove are formed in the groove and the external connection terminal inserted into the groove, ...

THIN FILM SOLAR CELL AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

A thin film solar cell according to the inventive concept includes a back side electrode on a substrate, a light absorption layer on the back side electrode, a buffer layer on the light absorption layer, a front side transparent electrode on the buffer layer, a grid electrode partially formed on the front side transparent electrode and exposing a top surface of a portion of the front side transparent electrode, and an anti-reflection layer covering the exposed top surface of the front side transparent electrode. The buffer layer includes titanium oxide (TiO). 1. A thin film solar cell comprising:a back side electrode formed on a substrate;a light absorption layer formed on the back side electrode;a buffer layer formed on the light absorption layer;a front side transparent electrode formed on the buffer layer;a grid electrode partially formed on the front side transparent electrode, the grid electrode exposing a top surface of a portion of the front side transparent electrode; andan anti-reflection layer covering the exposed top surface of the front side transparent electrode,{'sub': 'x', 'wherein the buffer layer includes titanium oxide (TiO).'}2. The thin film solar cell of claim 1 , wherein an atomic ratio “x” of oxygen in the titanium oxide (TiO) is equal to or greater than 0.75 and smaller than 2.0.3. The thin film solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer has an energy band gap of about 1.15 eV to about 3.3 eV.4. The thin film solar cell of claim 3 , wherein the energy band gap of the buffer layer gradually increases from an interface between the buffer layer and the light absorption layer to an interface between the buffer layer and the front side transparent electrode.5. The thin film solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer includes N-type dopants.6. The thin film solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the buffer layer has a dopant concentration gradually increasing from an interface between the buffer layer and the light absorption layer to an ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

Provided is a method of fabricating an electronic device. The method according to the present inventive concept may include forming a lower electrode having a flat portion and protrusions on a substrate, forming an intermediate layer on the lower electrode, and forming an upper electrode on the intermediate layer. The forming of the lower electrode may include forming a conductive film by depositing a first metal on the substrate, and depositing a second metal on the conductive film to prepare an alloy of the first metal and the second metal. 1. A method of fabricating an electronic device , the method comprising:forming a lower electrode having a flat portion and protrusions on a substrate;forming an intermediate layer on the lower electrode; andforming an upper electrode on the intermediate layer,wherein the forming of the lower electrode comprises:forming a conductive film by depositing a first metal on the substrate; anddepositing a second metal on the conductive film to prepare an alloy of the first metal and the second metal, andthe flat portion and the protrusions comprise the alloy of the first metal and the second metal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the protrusions have a content ratio of the second metal higher than that of the flat portion.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the first metal comprises copper claim 2 , and the second metal comprises silver.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the flat portion has the same compositional ratio as that of the protrusions.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first metal comprises aluminum claim 4 , and the second metal comprises silver.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the deposition of the second metal is performed at a temperature ranging from about 270° C. to about 400° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lower electrode is formed between the conductive film and the intermediate layer.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lower electrode is formed to be in contact with the substrate.9. The method ...

METHOD TO SELECT WORD BY SWIPING CAPACITIVE KEYBOARD

A method for an electronic device having a keyboard and a display, including, receiving an input reflecting selection of one or more of the keys, displaying, at a location on the display, one or more characters associated with the one or more selected keys, wherein the location corresponds to a region of the keyboard determined based on a subsequent candidate input character that is based on the one or more characters associated with the one or more selected keys, and detecting a swipe input associated with the determined region. An electronic device including a display, a keyboard, a memory, and a processor, the processor being configured to execute the method. The keyboard also includes a plurality of keys, each key corresponding to one or more different characters of a plurality of characters, and a plurality of sensors configured to detect one or more gestures along the plurality of keys. 1. A method for an electronic device having a keyboard and a display , wherein the keyboard includes a set of columns with each column having a plurality of keys and each key is associated with one or more characters of a plurality of characters , the method comprising:receiving an input reflecting selection of one or more of the keys;displaying, at a location on the display, one or more characters associated with the one or more selected keys, wherein the location corresponds to a region of the keyboard determined based on a subsequent candidate input character that is based on the one or more characters associated with the one or more selected keys; anddetecting a swipe input associated with the determined region.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:displaying, in an input field, the one or more characters.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more characters are displayed in a form that enhances the visibility of the one or more characters.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the displayed one or more characters are reduced in font size based on the number of ...

BATTERY PACK AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING CHARGE OF BATTERY PACK

A battery pack according to the present disclosure includes a battery cell including at least one unit cell, a first connector which is electrically connected to the battery cell, and a second connector which is electrically connected to the battery cell and the first connector, the second connector having a corresponding shape to the first connector to be coupled with the first connector. 1. A battery pack comprising:a battery cell comprising at least one unit cell;a first connector which is electrically connected to the battery cell; anda second connector which is electrically connected to the battery cell and the first connector, the second connector having a corresponding shape to the first connector to be coupled with the first connector.2. The battery pack according to claim 1 , wherein the battery pack comprises a controller to selectively block an electrical connection of the first connector and the second connector or an electrical connection of the first connector and the battery cell based on a charge status of the battery cell.3. The battery pack according to claim 1 , wherein the controller blocks an electrical connection of the first connector and the battery cell when a state of charge (SOC) or a voltage value of the battery cell is higher than or equal to a predetermined reference value claim 1 , and blocks an electrical connection of the first connector and the second connector when the SOC or voltage value of the battery cell is less than the predetermined reference value.4. The battery pack according to claim 1 , further comprising:a first switch connected between the first connector and the second connector to allow or block an electrical connection of the first connector and the second connector in response to the control signal outputted from the controller; anda second switch connected between the first connector and the battery cell to allow or block an electrical connection of the first connector and the battery cell in response to the ...

METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR IMPLEMENTING COMMUNICATION

Provided is a method performed by a terminal of performing communication, the method including sending, by a terminal to which a floor is granted, media to at least one other terminal, when a predetermined event occurs in the terminal, monitoring a signal received by the terminal to grant the floor of the terminal, and when the media is received from another terminal within a predetermined time as a result of the monitoring, granting the floor to the other terminal. 1. A method , performed by a terminal , of performing communication , the method comprising:sending, by a terminal, to which a floor is granted, media to at least one other terminal;when a predetermined event occurs in the terminal, monitoring a signal received by the terminal to grant the floor of the terminal; andwhen the media is received from another terminal within a predetermined time as a result of the monitoring, granting the floor to the other terminal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined event comprises an event of a floor request being received from the other terminal.3. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the terminal comprises a queuing list capable of storing identification information of another terminal requesting the floor, andwherein the predetermined event comprises an event of ending media transmission of the terminal in a state where a floor request stored in the queuing list exists.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: when the media is not received before expiration of a first timer indicating a predetermined pending-user action period as a result of the monitoring claim 1 , sending a floor release message to the at least one other terminal.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising: in a state where a floor request is pending in the queuing list previously stored in the terminal claim 4 , when the media is not received before a second timer indicating a granted re-send period expires a predetermined number of times claim 4 , starting the first timer.6. The ...

THIN FILM SILICON SOLAR CELL

Provided is a thin film silicon solar cell including a first optical absorption layer, a first transparent electrode disposed in a surface of the first optical absorption layer, a first transparent substrate covering the first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode disposed another surface of the first optical absorption layer, and a second transparent substrate covering the second transparent electrode, wherein the first optical absorption layer has a thickness of about 500 Å to about 2000 Å. 1. A thin film silicon solar cell comprising:a first optical absorption layer;a first transparent electrode disposed on a surface of the first optical absorption layer;a first transparent substrate covering the first transparent electrode;a second transparent electrode disposed on another surface of the first optical absorption layer; anda second transparent substrate covering the second transparent electrode, wherein the first optical absorption layer has a thickness of about 500 Å to about 2000 Å.2. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first optical absorption layer is an amorphous silicon layer or microcrystalline silicon layer.3. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first optical absorption layer comprises silicon-germanium claim 1 , silicon oxide claim 1 , silicon nitride or silicon carbide.4. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first and second electrodes are formed of any one of ITO claim 1 , ZnO:Al claim 1 , ZnO:Ga claim 1 , SnO:F and ZnO:B.5. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first optical absorption layer comprises a P-layer claim 1 , an I-layer and an N-layer laminated sequentially.6. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 5 , wherein the I-layer has greater thickness than the N-layer and P-layer.7. The thin film silicon solar cell of claim 1 , further comprising a second optical absorption layer between the first optical absorption layer and the second ...

DATA STORAGE DEVICE INCLUDING TRANSMISSION LINE HAVING OPEN STUB AND METHOD OF OPERATING THE SAME

A data storage device is provided. The data store device includes a first printed circuit board (PCB) comprising a main transmission line formed on at least one surface of the first PCB and/or within the first PCB, a memory controller and a plurality of nonvolatile memory devices. The memory controller is provided on the first PCB. The plurality of nonvolatile memory devices are provided on the first PCB. The plurality of nonvolatile memory devices are connected to the memory controller through a channel and exchange data with the memory controller. The channel includes a data transmission line connecting data pads of the memory controller and the nonvolatile memory devices. The data transmission line comprises the main transmission pattern and an open stub contacting the main transmission pattern. The open stub does not contact any other conductor other than the main transmission pattern. 1. A data storage device comprising:a first printed circuit board (PCB) comprising a main transmission line formed on at least one surface of the first PCB and/or within the first PCB.a memory controller provided on the first PCB; anda plurality of nonvolatile memory devices provided on the first PCB, the plurality of nonvolatile memory devices connected to the memory controller through a channel and configured to exchange data with the memory controller,wherein the channel includes a data transmission line connecting data pads of the memory controller and the nonvolatile memory devices,wherein the data transmission line comprises a main transmission pattern and an open stub contacting the main transmission pattern, andwherein the open stub does not contact any other conductor other than the main transmission pattern.2. The data storage device of claim 1 , wherein the data transmission line further comprises:a branch transmission pattern respectively connected to the nonvolatile memory devices.3. The data storage device of claim 2 ,wherein the open stub comprises a first open stub ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHODS OF FABRICATING THE SAME

Disclosed are an electronic device and a method of fabricating the same. The method of fabricating an electronic device comprises providing on a substrate a channel layer including a two-dimensional material, providing a metal fiber layer on a first surface of a conductive layer, providing the metal fiber layer on the channel layer, and performing a thermal treatment process to form a junction layer where a portion of the metal fiber layer is covalently bonded to a portion of the channel layer. 1. A method of fabricating an electronic device , the method comprising:providing on a substrate a channel layer including a two-dimensional material;providing a metal fiber layer on a first surface of a conductive layer;providing the metal fiber layer on the channel layer; andperforming a thermal treatment process to form a junction layer where a portion of the metal fiber layer is covalently bonded to a portion of the channel layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing the metal fiber layer comprises electro-spinning a spray solution including an ohmic metal material on the first surface.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the ohmic metal material comprises at least one of Mo claim 2 , W claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Pd claim 2 , or Ti.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal fiber layer is provided in a grid shape or an irregular shape on the first surface.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-dimensional material comprises at least one of molybdenum disulfide (MoS) claim 1 , tungsten disulfide (WS) claim 1 , molybdenum diselenide (MoSe) claim 1 , tungsten diselenide (WSe) claim 1 , black phosphor claim 1 , or graphene.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing a gate insulating layer on the channel layer.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising etching a portion of the conductive layer and a portion of the metal fiber layer claim 6 , wherein the portions of the conductive layer and the metal fiber layer are adjacent to a boundary of the gate ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING ANTIGEN-SPECIFIC CYTOTOXIC T-CELLS BY USING ACTIVATED B-CELLS AND USE THEREOF

Disclosed in the present application are: a method for preparing in vitro/ex vivo antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cells by using B cells treated with biological response modifier; and a use thereof. The cytotoxic T-cells prepared by the method of the present application can be used advantageously for treating infectious disease and cancer and the like. 1. A method of producing antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells , comprising the steps of:providing human peripheral blood mononuclear cells;separating the peripheral blood mononuclear cells into B cells and other mononuclear cells;treating the B cells with any one of biological response modifiers selected from the group consisting of alpha-galactosylceramide, alpha-glucuronosylceramide, phosphatidylinositol tetramannoside, isoglobotrihexylceramide, ganglioside GD3, phosphatidylcholine, beta-galactosylceramide, lipophosphoglycan, glycoinositol phospholipid, alpha-galactosylceramide analogs, including beta-anomer galactosylceramide and alpha-anomer galactosylceramide to produce an activated B cell;introducing into the activated B cell an antigen polypeptide or a nucleic acid encoding an antigen to produce a activated B cells loaded with an antigen;mixing and a first batch of the antigen-loaded activated B cell and the other mononuclear cells separated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells to produce a first mixture of the cells;subjecting the first mixture of the cells to a first incubation;adding a second batch of the antigen-loaded activated B cells to the first mixture of the cells after the first incubation to produce a second mixture; andsubjecting the second mixture to a second incubation, wherein the antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell is generated during the first and the second incubation steps.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a cytokine is further added during the first and/or second incubation steps.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cytokine is at least one of IL-15 claim 2 , IL-2 claim 2 , IL-4 claim 2 ...

Memory system and storage device including printed circuit board where channel groups have both point to point topology and daisy chain topology

A memory system includes a printed circuit board, at least one memory chip mounted on the printed circuit board, and a memory controller arranged on the printed circuit board and connected to 2 N (where N is an integer of 2 or more) channels, the memory controller configured to perform a write operation and a read operation on the at least one memory chip. In the printed circuit board, a first subset of the channels corresponds to a first channel group configured in a point to point topology, and a remaining subset of the channels corresponds to a second channel group configured in a daisy chain topology.

PROTEIN COMBINATION-BASED FV LIBRARY, AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR

The present invention relates to a method for constructing an Fv library based on a combination of proteins, a method of screening a desired antibody using the constructed Fv library, an Fv antibody screened by the screening method, and an Fv library constructed by the Fv library construction method. The Fv library of the present invention is based on a combination of proteins so that members thereof can be individually analyzed for their function. Moreover, the Fv library enables a desired Fv antibody to be screened without needing a target antigen preparation. In addition, the protein combination based Fv library makes it possible to significantly reduce the number of protein purification processes to thereby reduce costs and time, compared to conventional DNA-based libraries. 1. A method for constructing an Fv library based on a combination of proteins , the method comprising the steps of:{'sub': H', 'L, '(a) preparing heavy-chain variable region (V) domain proteins and light-chain variable region (V) domain proteins; and'}{'sub': H', 'L, '(b) paring the Vdomain proteins and the Vdomain proteins, prepared in step (a), to one another.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step (b) comprises paring the Vdomain proteins and the Vdomain proteins by random pairing or target pairing.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Fv library enables functional analysis of individual members thereof.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the individual functional analysis does not comprise a pre-screening step based on binding to a target.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Vdomain protein and the Vdomain protein have introduced thereinto desired diversity.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the Vdomain proteins and the Vdomain proteins are originated from human or non-human.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein a mutation is introduced into the CDR (complementarity-determining region) or the framework in the Vdomain protein or Vdomain protein.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the ...

NOVEL COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE COMPRISING SAME

Provided is a novel compound for EBL capable of improving the light emitting efficiency, stability and life span of a device, and an organic electric element and an electronic device using the same. 112.-. (canceled)18. An organic electric element comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic material layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode claim 13 , wherein the organic material layer comprises the compound according to .19. The organic electric element of claim 18 , further comprising a light efficiency enhancing layer formed on one side of the first electrode opposite to the organic material layer and/or one side of the second electrode opposite to the organic material layer.20. The organic electric element of claim 18 , wherein the organic material layer is formed by a process selected from the group consisting of a spin coating process claim 18 , a nozzle printing process claim 18 , an inkjet printing process claim 18 , a slot coating process claim 18 , a dip coating process claim 18 , and a roll-to-roll process.21. The organic electric element of claim 18 , comprising the compound as a hole transport material.22. An organic electric element comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic material layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode; wherein the organic material layer comprises a mixture of the compounds having different structures according to .23. An electronic device comprising a display device comprising the organic electric element of ; and a control part driving the display device.24. The electronic device according to claim 23 , wherein the organic electric element is at least one selected from the group consisting of an OLED claim 23 , an organic solar cell claim 23 , an organic photo conductor (OPC) claim 23 , an organic transistor (organic TFT) and an element for monochromic or white illumination. The present invention relates to compound for organic ...

ELECTRO SPINNING APPARATUS

An electro spinning apparatus according to embodiments of the inventive concept includes a nozzle unit discharging nano fiber on a substrate, and an alignment device having the substrate disposed thereon and aligning the nano fiber, wherein the alignment device includes a body and an angle adjustment unit adjusting an angle formed by a straight line connecting two electrodes disposed to face each other among the electrodes and the substrate. 1. An electro spinning apparatus comprising:a nozzle unit discharging a nano fiber on a substrate; andan alignment device on which the substrate is placed and which aligns the nano fiber,wherein the alignment device comprises:a body;electrodes disposed on the body; andan angle adjustment unit adjusting an angle formed by a straight line connecting two electrodes disposed to face each other among the electrodes and the substrate.2. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the angle adjustment unit comprises a jig coupled to the body to adjust the angle.3. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the angle adjustment unit further comprises a fixing plate disposed on the body between the electrodes and coupled to the jig.4. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electrodes are provided in two pairs or more.5. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the fixing plate comprises an insulation film.6. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the jig comprises an insulation film.7. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the substrate is disposed on the jig.8. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the level of an upper surface of each of the electrodes is higher than the level of an upper surface of the substrate disposed on the jig.9. The electro spinning apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a collector disposed to face the nozzle unit claim 1 , wherein the nano fibers have a first charge claim 1 , and the collector has a second charge different ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Disclosed herein is a power module package including: a base substrate; a metal layer including a circuit pattern and a connection pad formed on the base substrate; a semiconductor device including a plurality of electrodes mounted on the circuit pattern of the metal layer; and a plurality of lead frames formed on the connection pad of the metal layer and respectively connected to the plurality of electrodes of the semiconductor device. 1. A method of manufacturing a power module package , the method comprising:preparing a base substrate;forming a metal layer including a circuit pattern and a connection pad on the base substrate;forming a plurality of lead frames having one side connected onto the connection pad of the metal layer and another side spaced apart from the circuit pattern of the metal layer to an upper side with respect to a thickness direction of the base substrate; andmoving a semiconductor device including a plurality of electrodes in a horizontal direction to that is a lengthwise direction of the base substrate and mounting the semiconductor device between the circuit pattern of the metal layer and another side of the plurality of lead frames,wherein each of the plurality of lead frames is connected to each of the plurality of electrodes of the semiconductor device.2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the forming of the plurality of lead frames claim 1 , the plurality of lead frames are formed having different lengths with respect to the lengthwise direction of the base substrate according to a location of each contacting electrode.3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein in the forming of the plurality of lead frames claim 1 , the plurality of lead frames are formed in a structure in which an area contacting each of the plurality of electrodes is bent in a direction of a corresponding electrode.4. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the forming of the metal layer includes forming a bonding layer groove having ...

NONVOLATILE MEMORY DEVICE AND WORLDLINE DRIVING METHOD THEREOF

According to example embodiments of inventive concepts, a nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array, an address decoder, an input/output circuit, a voltage generation circuit, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory blocks on a substrate. Each of the memory blocks includes a plurality of strings connected between bit lines and a common source line. The address decoder is configured to measure impedance information of word lines of a selected memory block. The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate word line voltages to be applied to word lines, and at least one of the word line voltages includes an offset voltage and a target voltage. The control logic is configured to adjust a level of the offset voltage and the offset time depending on the measured impedance information of the word lines. 1. A nonvolatile memory device comprising:a memory cell array including a plurality of memory blocks on a substrate, each of the memory blocks including a plurality of strings arranged in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and connected between bit lines and a common source line;an address decoder configured to select one of the memory blocks in response to an address, the address decoder being configured to measure impedance information of word lines of the selected memory block; store data to be programmed at memory cells connected to a selected word line during a program operation, and', 'to store data read from memory cells connected to the selected word line during a read or verification operation;, 'an input/output circuit configured to at least one of,'}a voltage generation circuit configured to generate word line voltages to be applied to the selected word line and unselected word lines, at least one of the word line voltages including an offset voltage and a target voltage, the offset voltage being different than the target voltage during an offset time; anda control logic configured to adjust a level of ...

TRANSPARENT SOLAR CELL AND REAR-REFLECTIVE TRANSPARENT SOLAR CELL MODULE HAVING THE SAME

Provided are a transparent solar cell and a rear-reflective transparent solar cell module having the same. The transparent solar cell includes a transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent substrate, a light absorption layer on the first transparent electrode, a re-absorption enhancing layer on the light absorption layer, and a second transparent electrode on the re-absorption enhancing layer. 1. A transparent solar cell comprising:a transparent substrate;a first transparent electrode on the transparent substrate;a light absorption layer on the first transparent electrode;a re-absorption enhancing layer on the light absorption layer; anda second transparent electrode on the re-absorption enhancing layer.2. The transparent solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the re-absorption enhancing layer has a refractive index less than that of the light absorption layer.3. The transparent solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the re-absorption enhancing layer comprises metal oxide such as zinc oxide (ZnO) claim 1 , aluminum oxide (AlO) claim 1 , titanium dioxide (TiO) claim 1 , aluminum tin oxide (AlTiO) claim 1 , zirconium dioxide (ZrO) claim 1 , or copper oxide (CuO).4. The transparent solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the re-absorption enhancing layer has an energy bandgap higher than the light absorption layer.5. The transparent solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the re-absorption enhancing layer comprises a silicon oxide film claim 1 , a silicon nitride film claim 1 , or a silicon carbide film claim 1 , or a silicon germanium thin film.6. A rear-reflective transparent solar cell module comprising:a transparent solar cell; anda lower reflection unit below the transparent solar cell,wherein the transparent solar cell comprises:a transparent substrate;a first transparent electrode on the transparent substrate;a light absorption layer on the first transparent electrode;a re-absorption enhancing layer on the light absorption layer; anda second transparent electrode ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGE DISPLAY

A display method and display apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving information about video content that is displayed by an external device, displaying the video content displayed by the external device on a screen of the display apparatus, based on the received information, receiving a first input regarding the displayed video content from a user of the display apparatus, displaying at least one first image on a first area of the screen, based on information received for a predetermined period of time in response to receiving the first input, and displaying a second video content on a second area of the screen, based on information received after the receiving of the first input 1. A display method of a display apparatus , the method comprising:receiving information about video content that is displayed by an external device;displaying the video content on a screen of the display apparatus, based on the information received;receiving a first input regarding the displayed video content from a user of the display apparatus;displaying first video content on a first area of the screen, based on information received for a predetermined period of time in response to receiving the first input; anddisplaying second video content on a second area of the screen, based on information received after the receiving of the first input.2. The display method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving a second input from the user; anddisplaying the second video content on the first area of the screen at a predetermined speed based on the second input.3. The display method of claim 2 , wherein the receiving information further comprises receiving time stamp information claim 2 , andthe display method further comprises:comparing time stamp information of the first video content displayed on the first area with time stamp information of the second video content displayed on the second area; anddisplaying the second video content on an entire area of the screen based on ...

CRACKING DEVICE AND DEPOSITION APPARATUS INCLUDING THE SAME

The present disclosure relates to a cracking device and a deposition apparatus including the same, and more particularly includes a source supply part for supplying a source gas, a cracking part for decomposing the source gas supplied from the source supply part, a distribution part disposed between the source supply part and the cracking part and distributing the source gas to the cracking part; and a heating element for heating the cracking part. The cracking part extends in a first direction, the cracking part has a first width in a second direction crossing the first direction, the cracking part has a first height in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions, and the ratio of the first width to the first height is about 2-20. 1. A cracking device comprising:a source supply part configured to supply a source gas;a cracking part configured to pyrolyze the source gas supplied from the source supply part;a distribution part disposed between the source supply part and the cracking part and configured to distribute the source gas to the cracking part; anda heating element configured to heat the cracking part, wherein:the cracking part extends in a first direction, has a first width in a second direction crossing the first direction, and has a first height in a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions; anda ratio of the first width to the first height is about 2-20.2. The cracking device of claim 1 , wherein the cracking part comprises a plurality of cracking bars provided therein and extending in the first direction.3. The cracking device of claim 2 , wherein the cracking bars comprises:first bars provided on an upper portion of the cracking part; andsecond bars provided on a lower portion of the cracking part.4. The cracking device of claim 3 , wherein:the first bars are arranged along the second direction at a pitch;the second bars are arranged along the second direction at the pitch; andthe second bars are offset by ...

MANUFACTURING METHOD OF TRANSPARENT ELECTRODE

The present disclosure relates to a manufacturing method of a transparent electrode, and more particularly, to a manufacturing method of a transparent electrode by using a roll-to-roll type transparent electrode manufacturing apparatus including at least one atomic layer deposition module, the method comprises: performing a first atomic layer deposition process to respectively form first and second protection layers on a first surface of a flexible substrate and on a second surface opposite to the first surface; performing a second atomic layer deposition process to form a first oxide layer on the first protection layer; forming a metal layer on the first oxide layer; and forming a second oxide layer on the metal flim, wherein each of the performing the first atomic layer deposition process and the second atomic layer deposition process includes using the at least one atomic layer deposition module. 1. A manufacturing method of a transparent electrode using a roll-to-roll type transparent electrode manufacturing apparatus including at least one atomic layer deposition module , the method comprising:performing a first atomic layer deposition process to respectively form a first protection layer and a second protection layer on a first surface of a flexible substrate and on a second surface thereof opposed to the first surface;performing a second atomic layer deposition process to form a first oxide layer on the first protection layer;forming a metal layer on the first oxide layer; andforming a second oxide layer on the metal layer,wherein each of the performing the first atomic layer deposition process and the performing the second atomic layer deposition process comprises using the at least one atomic deposition module.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one atomic layer deposition module comprises a first atomic layer deposition module claim 1 , wherein the first and second protection layers are simultaneously formed by using the first atomic layer ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

An electronic device includes a substrate. A lower electrode is disposed on the substrate and has a flat portion and protrusions. An intermediate layer is on the lower electrode. An upper electrode is on the intermediate layer. The lower electrode includes an alloy of a first metal and a second metal. The protrusions have a content ratio of the second metal higher than that of the flat portion. 1. An electronic device comprising:a substrate;a lower electrode disposed on the substrate and having a flat portion and protrusions;an intermediate layer on the lower electrode; andan upper electrode on the intermediate layer,wherein the lower electrode comprises an alloy of a first metal and a second metal, andthe protrusions have a content ratio of the second metal higher than that of the flat portion.2. The electronic device of claim 1 , further comprising a conductive film disposed between the substrate and the lower electrode claim 1 ,wherein the conductive film comprises the first metal.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the first metal comprises copper claim 1 , and the second metal comprises silver.4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises at least one of silicon (Si) claim 1 , silicon germanium (SiGe) claim 1 , silicon carbide (SiC) claim 1 , silicon oxide (SiO) claim 1 , silicon nitride (SiN) claim 1 , silicon oxynitride (SiON) claim 1 , silicon carbonitride (SiCN) claim 1 , silicon germanium oxide (SiGeO) claim 1 , silicon germanium oxynitride (SiGeON) claim 1 , silicon germanium carbide (SiGeC) claim 1 , a chalcopyrite-based compound semiconductor claim 1 , and a Group II-IV compound semiconductor.5. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises a light absorbing layer generating electrical power from light.6. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer comprises an organic light-emitting material.7. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate layer ...

MEMORY DEVICE

Provided is a memory device including a gate electrode, a first insulation layer on the gate electrode, a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern, which are spaced apart from each other on the first insulation layer, a channel pattern disposed on the first insulation layer to connect the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern, and an interface layer disposed between the channel pattern and the first insulation layer and having a hydrogen atom content ratio (atomic %) greater than that of the first insulation layer. 1. A memory device comprising:a gate electrode;a first insulation layer on the gate electrode;a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern, which are spaced apart from each other on the first insulation layer;a channel pattern disposed on the first insulation layer to connect the first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern; andan interface layer disposed between the channel pattern and the first insulation layer and having a hydrogen atom content ratio (atomic %) greater than that of the first insulation layer.2. The memory device of claim 1 , wherein the first insulation layer and the channel pattern are spaced apart from each other with the interface layer therebetween.3. The memory device of claim 1 , wherein the interface layer has a thickness less than that of each of the first insulation layer and the channel pattern.4. The memory device of claim 1 , further comprising a second insulation layer disposed between the first insulation layer and the gate electrode claim 1 ,wherein the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer have different oxygen atom content ratios (atomic %).5. The memory device of claim 1 , wherein the interface layer covers at least a portion of a side surface of the first insulation layer.6. The memory device of claim 1 , further comprising a pulse generator that is electrically connected to the gate electrode.7. A memory device comprising:a first gate ...

METHOD FOR FABRICATING METAL CHALCOGENIDE THIN FILMS

Provided is a method for fabricating high-uniformity and high-quality metal chalcogenide thin films. The method for fabricating metal chalcogenide thin films may include forming a metal precursor thin film including a metal thin film and a chalcogen thin film disposed on the upper surface or lower surface of the metal thin film; and performing a chalcogenization process for providing a chalcogen source on the metal precursor thin film to form a first metal chalcogenide thin film. 1. A method for fabricating a metal chalcogenide thin film , the method comprising:forming a metal precursor thin film on a substrate, the metal precursor thin film include a metal thin film and a chalcogen thin film disposed on a lower surface or an upper surface of the metal thin film; andperforming a chalcogenization process configured to provide a chalcogen source onto the metal precursor thin film to form a first metal chalcogenide thin film.2. The method of claim 1 , the metal precursor thin film is formed in the way of an in-situ process or an ex-situ process claim 1 , andthe metal precursor thin film formed in the way of ex-situ is partially oxidized due to exposure to air.3. The method of claim 2 , the metal precursor film includes pure metal film and partially oxidized metal film due to air-exposure.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal precursor thin film comprises a first chalcogen thin film disposed on the lower surface of the metal thin film claim 1 , and a second chalcogen thin film disposed on the upper surface of the metal thin film.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chalcogen thin film comprises sulfur (S) claim 1 , selenium (Se) claim 1 , tellurium (Te) claim 1 , or mixture including one or more thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chalcogen thin film is deposited using chalcogen vapor composed of one to four chalcogen atoms.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal thin film comprise any one selected from molybdenum (Mo) claim 1 , tungsten (W) ...

COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRIC ELEMENT COMPRISING THE SAME AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF

Provided are a compound represented by Formula 1, and an organic electric element comprising a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic material layer comprised the compound represented by Formula 1, and the driving voltage of an organic electronic device can be lowered, and the luminous efficiency, color purity and life time of an organic electronic device can be improved by comprising the compound represented by Formula 1 in the organic material layer. 6. An organic electric element comprising a first electrode claim 1 , a second electrode claim 1 , and an organic material layer formed between the first electrode and the second electrode claim 1 , wherein the organic material layer comprises the compound of .7. The organic electric element of claim 6 , wherein the compound is comprised in at least one layer of a hole injection layer claim 6 , a hole transport layer claim 6 , an emission-auxiliary layer claim 6 , an light emitting layer claim 6 , an electron transport-auxiliary layer claim 6 , an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer claim 6 , and the compound is a single compound or a mixture of two or more different kinds.8. The organic electric element of claim 6 , wherein the organic material layer is formed by any one of the processes of spin coating claim 6 , nozzle printing claim 6 , inkjet printing claim 6 , slot coating claim 6 , dip coating or roll-to-roll.9. An electronic device comprising a display device and a control unit for driving the display device claim 6 , wherein the display device comprises the organic electric element of .10. The electronic device of claim 9 , wherein the organic electric element is at least one of an organic light emitting diode claim 9 , an organic solar cell claim 9 , an organic photo conductor claim 9 , an organic transistor claim 9 , and an element for monochromatic or white illumination. This ...

SOLAR CELL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Provided are a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the first electrode, and at least one semiconductor layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, and a first connection layer interposed between the first electrode and the semiconductor layer and electrically connecting the first and second electrodes to each other. The first connection layer includes a plurality of two-dimensional layers vertically extending from a top surface of the first electrode to a bottom surface of the semiconductor layer. The two-dimensional layers include a metal compound. 1. A solar cell comprising:a substrate;a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the first electrode, and at least one semiconductor layer interposed between the first and second electrodes; anda first connection layer interposed between the first electrode and the semiconductor layer and electrically connecting the first and second electrodes to each other,wherein the first connection layer includes a plurality of two-dimensional layers vertically extending from a top surface of the first electrode to a bottom surface of the semiconductor layer,wherein the two-dimensional layers include a metal compound.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein each of the two-dimensional layers has a structure in which a plurality of two-dimensional monolayers are formed in a direction normal to the top surface of the first electrode claim 1 , and has a van der Waals attraction between the two-dimensional monolayers adjacent to each other.3. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode comprises the same metal as one of the component elements of the two-dimensional layers.4. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first electrode comprises a metal M;the metal compound of the two-dimensional layers has a formula of MaXb;M comprises W, Mo, Ti, V, Zn, Hf or Zr;X comprises S, Se, O or Te; anda ...

METHOD FOR REFINING PROTEIN INCLUDING SELF-CUTTING CASSETTE AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to a self-cleaving fusion protein including a target protein, a peptide consisting of amino acid sequence represented by LPXTG, a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function, and a tag, which are sequentially positioned from the amino terminal; a nucleic acid encoding the same; an expression vector including the nucleic acid of the present invention; and a cell transformed with the expression vector of the present invention. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for refining a target protein including culturing, dissolving, and purifying the transformed cell, and a method for preparing a therapeutic antibody-drug conjugate by using the purifying method. 1. A self-cleaving fusion protein comprising:(i) a target protein;(ii) a peptide represented by Formula I below;(iii) a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function; {'br': None, 'L-P-X-T-G (SEQ ID NO: 58),\u2003\u2003[Formula I]'}, '(iv) a tag, wherein (i) to (iv) are sequentially positioned from amino terminus to a carboxyl terminus of the fusion protein,'}wherein L represents Leucine, P represents Proline, X represents an any amino acid, T represents Threonine, and G represents Glycine.2. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 1 , further comprising a peptide linker between a peptide represented by Formula I and a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function.3. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 1 , wherein X in Formula I is glutamic acid.4. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 2 , wherein the peptide linker is selected from the group consisting of a natural linker claim 2 , a flexible linker claim 2 , a helical linker claim 2 , a positively charged linker claim 2 , a negatively charged linker and a coiled coil linker.5. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 2 , wherein the peptide linker is represented by Sc(SG4)l(GGSSRSS)GdSe (SEQ ID NO: 4) claim 2 , in which S represents Serine claim 2 , G represents ...

COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF

The present invention provides a novel compound for an EBL capable of improving the light emitting efficiency, stability and life span of a device, and an organic electric element and an electronic device using the same. 6. An organic electric element comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode claim 1 , the organic material layer comprising the compound according to .7. The organic electric element of claim 6 , wherein the compound is comprised in the organic material layer formed between the first electrode and an light emitting layer.8. The organic electric element of claim 6 , wherein the compound is comprised in an electron blocking layer (EBL) of the organic material layer as a single compound or as a mixture of two or more kinds thereof.9. The organic electric element of claim 6 , wherein the organic material layer is formed by one of a spin coating process claim 6 , a nozzle printing process claim 6 , an inkjet printing process claim 6 , a slot coating process claim 6 , a dip coating process or a roll-to-roll process.10. The organic electric element of claim 6 , further comprising a light efficiency enhancing layer formed on at least one side opposite to the organic material layer among one side of the first electrode claim 6 , or on one side opposite to the organic material layer among one side of the second electrode.11. An electronic device comprising a display apparatus comprising the organic electric element according to ; and a driving part configured to drive the display apparatus.12. The electronic device of claim 8 , wherein the organic electric element is at least one of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) claim 8 , an organic solar cell claim 8 , an organic photo conductor claim 8 , an organic transistor or a device for monochromic or white illumination. The present invention relates to compound for organic electronic element, organic electronic element ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE

Disclosed herein is a power module package including: a first module configured of a first substrate having one surface and the other surface, a first semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the first substrate, and a first sealing member formed to cover the first semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the first substrate from both sides in a thickness direction of the first substrate and expose the other surface of the first substrate; and a case enclosing the first module. 1. A power module package , comprising:a first module configured of a first substrate having one surface and the other surface, a first semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the first substrate, and a first sealing member formed to cover the first semiconductor chip mounted on one surface of the first substrate from both sides in a thickness direction of the first substrate and expose the other surface of the first substrate; anda case enclosing the first module.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the first module further includes a first external connection terminal having one end and the other end claim 1 , the one end being located within the first sealing member so as to be electrically connected with the first semiconductor chip and the other end being protruded to the outside from the first sealing member claim 1 , andthe case is provided with an insertion hole into which the other end of the first external connection terminal is inserted.3. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the first module includes a first surface parallel with one surface of the first substrate claim 1 , a second surface parallel with both sides in a thickness direction of the first substrate claim 1 , and a third surface on which the other surface of the first substrate is exposed claim 1 , andthe case covers the first surface and the second surface of the first module and encloses the first module to expose the third surface.4. The power module ...

SOLAR CELL AND SOLAR CELL MODULE INCLUDING THE SAME

Provided are a solar cell and a solar cell module including the same. The solar cell includes a bottom electrode layer, a light absorption layer disposed on the bottom electrode to absorb solar light of a visible light region, top electrode layer disposed on the light absorption layer, and a light conversion layer disposed on the top electrode layer. 1. A solar cell comprising:a bottom electrode layer;a light absorption layer disposed on the bottom electrode to absorb solar light of a visible light region;a top electrode layer disposed on the light absorption layer; anda light conversion layer disposed on the top electrode layer,wherein the light conversion layer comprises:a first anti-reflection layer refracting the solar light that is incident into the top electrode layer without reflecting the solar light; andfirst light conversion particles disposed between the first anti-reflection layer and the top electrode layer, the first light conversion particles absorbing the solar light of an infrared or ultraviolet light region and converting the absorbed solar light into a emission light of the visible light region.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the light conversion layer is disposed between the first anti-reflection layer and the top electrode layer and further comprises a first refraction layer in which the first light conversion particles are inserted.3. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the first anti-reflection layer comprises aluminum oxide.4. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the first refraction layer has a refractive index greater than that of the first anti-reflection layer.5. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the first refraction layer comprises titanium oxide or vanadium oxide.6. The solar cell of claim 2 , further comprising:a second refraction layer disposed on the first anti-reflection layer, the second refraction layer having a refractive index less than that of the first anti-reflection layer; anda second anti-reflection layer disposed ...

COMPOSITION FOR INHIBITING RELEASE OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS

The present disclosure relates to a composition for inhibiting neurotransmitter secretion by inhibiting membrane potential generation of the nerve. The composition of the present disclosure has a synergistic effect related to inhibition of SNARE complex formation, and thereby, it can prevent active secretion of neurotransmitters, and thus can reduce muscle contraction to improve skin wrinkles. 110-. (canceled)11Zanthoxylum piperitum. A method for inhibiting neurotransmitter secretion , comprising applying a composition comprising a combination of (i) a fruit extract and (ii) a SNARE formation inhibitor as an active ingredient to a subject in need thereof.12Zanthoxylum piperitumZanthoxylum piperitum. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the fruit extract is one or more selected from the group consisting of a squeezed juice claim 11 , an ultrasonic extract claim 11 , a water extract claim 11 , an extract of a lower alcohol aqueous solution having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and an extract of a lower alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of a fruit.13Zanthoxylum piperitum. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the fruit extract comprises 3 to 50 ppm of quercitrin.14Zanthoxylum piperitum. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the weight of the fruit extract comprised in the total composition is equal to or greater than the weight of the SNARE formation inhibitor.15Zanthoxylum piperitumZanthoxylum piperitum. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises (i) 100 to 500 ppm of fruit extract and (ii) 10 to 100 ppm of SNARE formation inhibitor claim 11 , and the weight of the comprised extract is equal to or greater than the weight of the SNARE formation inhibitor.16. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the method improves skin wrinkles in the subject.17. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the composition is a cosmetic. The present application claims the priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0021265 filed on Feb. ...

SEMICONDUCTOR MODULE HAVING SLIDING CASE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

There is provided a semiconductor module capable of being easily manufactured and a manufacturing method thereof, the semiconductor module including a module substrate on which at least one electronic element is mounted, at least one external connection terminal fastened to the module substrate, and a case formed by coupling a first case and a second case, wherein the first case and the second case accommodate the module substrate at both ends of the module substrate and are coupled to each other. 1. A semiconductor module comprising:a module substrate on which at least one electronic element is mounted;at least one external connection terminal fastened to the module substrate; anda case formed by coupling a first case and a second case, wherein:the first case and the second case accommodate the module substrate at both ends of the module substrate and are coupled to each other,the case includes at least one moving slit in which the external connection terminal is disposed when the first case and the second case are coupled to each other, andthe moving slit includes at least one fixing projection inwardly protruded in such a manner that a width of the moving slit is reduced, in a side thereof in which the external connection terminal is finally disposed.2. (canceled)3. The semiconductor module of claim 1 , wherein the moving slit is formed to have a width corresponding to that of the external connection terminal.4. (canceled)5. The semiconductor module of claim 1 , wherein one of the first case and the second case includes at least one insertion projection protruded outwardly claim 1 , and the other thereof includes at least one accommodating groove into which the insertion projection is inserted.6. The semiconductor module of claim 1 , wherein the first case and the second case are formed such that edges of the first case and the second case in contact with each other are engaged with each other.7. The semiconductor module of claim 1 , wherein the first case and ...

METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR PROVIDING MCPTT SERVICE

A method and an apparatus for providing a mission critical service are provided. The method includes transmitting, by the first terminal, a first discovery announcement message to plurality of terminals performing device to device (D2D) communication according to the mission critical service, wherein the discovery announcement message includes at least one of a category of the first terminal, video performance of a camera provided in the first terminal, and information about a status of the first terminal; receiving a second discovery announcement message from a second terminal included among the plurality of terminals performing the D2D communication; and acquiring information about a presence and a capability of the second terminal based on the second discovery announcement message. 1. A method in which a first terminal provides a mission critical service , the method comprising:transmitting, by the first terminal, a first discovery announcement message to plurality of terminals performing device to device (D2D) communication according to the mission critical service, wherein the discovery announcement message includes at least one of a category of the first terminal, video performance of a camera provided in the first terminal, and information about a status of the first terminal;receiving a second discovery announcement message from a second terminal included among the plurality of terminals performing the D2D communication; andacquiring information about a presence and a capability of the second terminal based on the second discovery announcement message.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:determining a back-off time for transmitting a third discovery announcement message, based on at least one of a preconfigured value and a reception frequency of the second discovery announcement message from the second terminal; andtransmitting the third discovery announcement message after the determined back-off time.3. A method in which a first terminal provides ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING EFFECTIVENESS SCORE OF ADVERTISEMENTS

An apparatus includes a collection agent, an aggregation module, an analysis module, and a presentation module. The collection agent is operatively coupled to a data storage and is configured to (1) incrementally collect data associated with a presentation of media on a display of an electronic device, and (2) send a set of signals to store the incrementally collected data in the data storage. The aggregation module is configured to receive at least a portion of the incrementally collected data to define an aggregated data set. The analysis module is configured to analyze the aggregated data set to determine an effectiveness score associated with the presentation of the media. The presentation module is configured to (1) receive a signal associated with the effectiveness score, and (2) send a signal to an electronic device such that information associated with the effectiveness score is displayed on a display of the electronic device. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a collection agent implemented in at least one of a memory or a processing device, the collection agent configured to be operatively coupled to a data storage, the collection agent configured to (1) incrementally collect data associated with a single presentation of media on a display of an electronic device and (2) send a plurality of signals indicative of instructions to store the incrementally collected data in the data storage;an aggregation module configured to be operatively coupled to the data storage, the aggregation module configured to receive at least a portion of the incrementally collected data to define an aggregated data set;an analysis module operatively coupled to the aggregation module, the analysis module configured to calculate, based on the aggregated data set, an effectiveness score associated with the presentation of the media on the display of the electronic device; anda presentation module operatively coupled to the analysis module, the presentation module configured to (1) receive ...

SOLAR CELL

Provided is a solar cell including a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type; a semiconductor layer having a second conductivity type and disposed on one surface of the semiconductor substrate; a passivation layer disposed on the other surface of the semiconductor substrate; a front electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer; and a back electrode disposed on the passivation layer, wherein the passivation layer comprises a plurality of silicon layers having different crystallinity. 1. A solar cell comprising:a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type;a semiconductor layer having a second conductivity type and disposed on one surface of the semiconductor substrate;a passivation layer disposed on the other surface of the semiconductor substrate;a front electrode disposed on the semiconductor layer; anda back electrode disposed on the passivation layer, wherein the passivation layer comprises a plurality of silicon layers having different crystallinity.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the passivation layer comprises an interface layer and a capping layer sequentially stacked on the semiconductor substrate claim 1 , wherein the interface layer has lower crystallinity than the capping layer.3. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the interface layer and the capping layer comprise amorphous silicon.4. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the interface layer and the capping layer comprises silicon in which amorphous silicon is mixed with crystalline silicon.5. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein at least one of the interface layer and the capping layer comprises silicon oxide claim 2 , silicon nitride claim 2 , silicon carbide claim 2 , silicon germanium compound claim 2 , aluminum oxide claim 2 , or titanium oxide.6. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the interface layer has a greater energy band gap than the capping layer.7. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the passivation layer has a thickness of about 5 nm to ...

SOLAR CELL AND SOLAR CELL MODULE INCLUDING THE SAME

Provided are solar cell and a solar cell module including the same. The solar cell includes a first light conversion layer, a lower electrode layer disposed on the first light conversion layer, a light absorption layer disposed on the lower electrode layer to absorb solar light, and an upper electrode layer disposed on the light absorption layer. Here, the first light conversion layer includes a lower refraction layer through which the solar light is transmitted and first light conversion particles absorbing refracted light, in which the solar light is refracted by the lower refraction layer, to generate first emission light. 1. A solar cell comprising:a first light conversion layer;a lower electrode layer disposed on the first light conversion layer;a light absorption layer disposed on the lower electrode layer to absorb solar light; andan upper electrode layer disposed on the light absorption layer,wherein the first light conversion layer comprises:a lower refraction layer through which the solar light is transmitted; andfirst light conversion particles absorbing refracted light, in which the solar light is refracted by the lower refraction layer, to generate first emission light.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first light conversion particles comprise phosphors.3. The solar cell of claim 2 , wherein the phosphors comprise lanthanum-based metal particles.4. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the solar cell absorbs the solar light of a visible light region and transmits the solar light of an infrared light region having a wavelength longer than that of the visible light region claim 1 , andthe first light conversion particles absorb the solar light of the infrared light region to provide the first emission light of the visible light region to the light absorption layer.5. The solar cell of claim 4 , further comprising a second light conversion layer disposed on the upper electrode layer.6. The solar cell of claim 5 , wherein the second light conversion ...

ANCHOR FOR EMBOLIC COILS, AND EMBOLIC COIL COMPRISING SAME

An anchor for an embolic coil, and an embolic coil including the same are provided. The anchor for an embolic coil includes a hollow main body and a central shaft arranged in the hollow main body, wherein the hollow main body is made of a braided composite filament including a polymer filament and a first alloy filament, and the central shaft includes a second alloy filament that is a material different from the first alloy filament. 1. An anchor for an embolic coil , comprising: a central shaft arranged in the hollow main body,', 'wherein the hollow main body is made of a braided composite filament comprising a polymer filament and a first alloy filament, and', 'the central shaft includes a second alloy filament that is a material different from the first alloy filament., 'a hollow main body; and'}2. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the hollow main body has a network structure.3. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the polymer filament includes monofilaments claim 1 , multifilaments claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the polymer filament includes polyester claim 1 , polyamide claim 1 , polyacrylonitrile claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , polybutylene claim 1 , polyurethane claim 1 , a copolymer thereof claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the first alloy filament includes a platinum/tungsten wire.6. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the second alloy filament includes a shape memory alloy.7. The anchor of claim 6 , wherein the second alloy filament includes nitinol.8. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the hollow main body has a cylindrical shape with one end and the other end open claim 1 , and the anchor further comprises an end cap for sealing at least one of the one end and the other end.9. The anchor of claim 1 , wherein the hollow main body has one end open and the other end coupled to the central shaft and then stretched in one direction to be self-sealed claim 1 , and the anchor further comprises an end ...

SILICON SOLAR CELL

Provided is a silicon solar cell including a first electrode, a lower light absorption layer disposed on the first electrode, an upper light absorption layer disposed on the lower light absorption layer, and an intermediate reflector layer provided between the lower light absorption layer and the upper light absorption layer. The intermediate reflector layer includes copper oxide. 1. A solar cell , comprising:a first electrode;a lower light absorption layer disposed on the first electrode;an upper light absorption layer disposed on the lower light absorption layer; andan intermediate reflector layer provided between the lower light absorption layer and the upper light absorption layer,the intermediate reflector layer including copper oxide.2. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the copper oxide includes CuO claim 1 , CuO or CuO claim 1 ,where x is a real number from 0.1 to 2.3. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate reflector layer includes a first intermediate reflector layer and a second reflector layer sequentially stacked on the lower light absorption layer claim 1 ,the second intermediate reflector layer comprising the copper oxide.4. The solar cell of claim 3 , wherein the first intermediate reflector layer includes silicon (Si) claim 3 , silicon germanium (SiGe) claim 3 , silicon oxide (SiO) claim 3 , silicon carbide (SiC) claim 3 , silicon nitride (SiN) claim 3 , zinc oxide (ZnO) claim 3 , indium tin oxide (ITO) claim 3 , ZnO:Ga claim 3 , ZnO:Al claim 3 , copper (Cu) claim 3 , aluminum (Al) claim 3 , and silver (Ag).5. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate reflector layer has a thickness from about 1 angstrom to about 100 nm.6. The solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the intermediate reflector layer reflects light having a short wavelength so that the upper light absorption layer re-absorbs transmitted light having the short wavelength through the upper light absorption layer claim 1 , and the intermediate reflector layer selectively ...

METHOD FOR DEVICE TO CONTROL ANOTHER DEVICE AND THE DEVICE

The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, and technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure relates to control a client device using a server device based on context data indicating a circumstance of a user. 1. A method of controlling a client device using a server device , the method comprising:obtaining, by a server device, context data indicating a circumstance of a user from a first client device;determining an event by comparing the obtained context data and pre-stored user information; andtransferring information about an object that is output from the server device to a second client device, based on the determined event.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprises generating a mirroring session for performing a mirroring service to the second client device when the determined event is a first event claim 1 , wherein the transferring step is accomplished by using the generated mirroring session.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the context data further comprises obtaining the context data from the first client device according to a pre-configured cycle claim 1 , andthe pre-configured cycle is changed based on the event.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the event further comprises:determining a movement of the user from the obtained context data; andpredicting the event, based on the determined movement of the user.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein transferring the information about the object further comprises:determining an operation corresponding to the determined event, using an application that is executed when the event is determined;changing the object that is output from the server ...

METHOD OF EXTRACTING AN IMPORTANT KEYWORD AND SERVER PERFORMING THE SAME

A method of extracting an important keyword by an important keyword extracting server, the method includes receiving a set of one or more documents from a network, receiving one or more user defined keywords from a user terminal, calculating, by the server, a relative importance value for each of words detected in the set of documents, determining, by the server, a weight for each of the words based on the one or more user defined keywords, applying, by the server, the weight for each of the words to the relative importance value for each of the words, determining, by the server, at least one of the words to be the important keyword based on the relative importance value to which the weight is applied and transmitting, by the server, the important keyword to the user terminal. Therefore, the method may effectively detect a user defined keyword from at least one document. 1. A method of extracting an important keyword by an important keyword extracting server , the method comprising:receiving a set of one or more documents from a network;receiving one or more user defined keywords from a user terminal;calculating, by the server, a relative importance value for each of words detected in the set of documents;determining, by the server, a weight for each of the words based on the one or more user defined keywords;applying, by the server, the weight for each of the words to the relative importance value for each of the words;determining, by the server, at least one of the words to be the important keyword based on the relative importance value to which the weight is applied; andtransmitting, by the server, the important keyword to the user terminal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein calculating the relative importance value includes determining an initial importance value of a specific word detected in one or more specific documents by performing an arithmetic operation on the number of times the specific word occurs in the one or more specific documents and the number ...

METHOD FOR REFINING PROTEIN INCLUDING SELF-CUTTING CASSETTE AND USE THEREOF

The present invention relates to a self-cleaving fusion protein including a target protein, a peptide consisting of amino acid sequence represented by LPXTG, a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function, and a tag, which are sequentially positioned from the amino terminal; a nucleic acid encoding the same; an expression vector including the nucleic acid of the present invention; and a cell transformed with the expression vector of the present invention. In addition, the present invention relates to a method for refining a target protein including culturing, dissolving, and purifying the transformed cell, and a method for preparing a therapeutic antibody-drug conjugate by using the purifying method. 1. A self-cleaving fusion protein comprising:(i) a target protein;(ii) a peptide represented by Formula I below; {'br': None, 'L-P-X-T-G,\u2003\u2003[Formula I]'}, '(iii) a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function; (iv) a tag, wherein (i) to (iv) are sequentially positioned from an amino terminal to a carboxyl terminal of the fusion protein,'}L represents Leucine, P represents Proline, X represents an any amino acid, T represents Threonine, G represents Glycine.2. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 1 , further comprising a peptide linker between a peptide represented by Formula I and a domain of Sortase A having cleaving function.3. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 1 , wherein X in Formula I is glutamic acid.4. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 2 , wherein the peptide linker is a natural linker claim 2 , a flexible linker claim 2 , a helical linker claim 2 , a positively charged linker claim 2 , a negatively charged linker and a coiled coil linker.5. The self-cleaving fusion protein according to claim 2 , wherein the peptide linker is represented by Sc(SG4)l(GGSSRSS)GdSe claim 2 , in which S represents Serine claim 2 , G represents Glycine claim 2 , R represents Arginine claim 2 , c represents 0 to 5 claim 2 , d ...

METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR PERFORMING COMMUNICATION

A method, performed by a terminal, of performing communication is provided. The method includes receiving a transmission request message that requests a floor, wherein the floor is a right to transmit media, from at least one terminal, other than the terminal, included in a terminal group; in response to the transmission request message, determining a terminal for which a floor is revoked and a terminal that is granted a floor, within the terminal group, based on a result of a comparison between a number of floors granted before reception of the transmission request message and a maximum number of floors preset for the terminal group; and sending, to the terminal group, a message including information about the terminal for which a floor is revoked and the terminal that is granted a floor. 1. A method , performed by a terminal , of performing communication , the method comprising:receiving a transmission request message that requests a floor, wherein the floor is a right to transmit media, from at least one terminal, other than the terminal, included in a terminal group;in response to the transmission request message, determining a terminal for which a floor is revoked and a terminal that is granted a floor, within the terminal group, based on a result of a comparison between a number of floors granted before reception of the transmission request message and a maximum number of floors preset for the terminal group; andsending, to the terminal group, a message including information about the terminal for which a floor is revoked and the terminal that is granted a floor.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the terminal for which a floor is revoked and the terminal that is granted a floor comprises claim 1 , if the number of floors granted before the reception of the transmission request message is equal to the maximum number of floors preset for the terminal group claim 1 , comparing a priority of the at least one other terminal that has sent the ...

NANO FLAKE DEFECT PASSIVATION METHOD AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE MANUFACTURED USING THE SAME

Provided is method of manufacturing a conductive film. The method includes forming a conductive film including a plurality of flakes on a substrate, wherein the conductive film is a semiconductor or a conductor, and forming a passivation region selectively on a boundary between the flakes adjacent to each other. The passivation region includes a metal compound selected from the group consisting of metal chalcogenide and transition metal chalcogenide. The forming of the passivation region includes providing a solution containing a first precursor including a cation of the metal compound and a second precursor including an anion of the metal compound on the conductive film. pH of the solution is between 7.0 and 10.0. 1. A method of manufacturing a conductive film , the method comprising:forming a conductive film including a plurality of flakes on a substrate, wherein the conductive film is a semiconductor or a conductor; andforming a passivation region selectively on a boundary between the flakes adjacent to each other,wherein the passivation region comprises a metal compound selected from the group consisting of metal chalcogenide and transition metal chalcogenide,wherein the forming of the passivation region comprises providing a solution containing a first precursor including a cation of the metal compound and a second precursor including an anion of the metal compound on the conductive film,wherein pH of the solution is between 7.0 and 10.0.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal compound is represented by a formula of MX claim 1 ,where M comprises Zn or Cd, X comprises S, Se, O or Te, and a and b are independently an integer of 1 or more.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of a molar concentration of an anion of the metal compound to a molar concentration of a cation of the metal compound in the solution is 9 to 20.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the boundary is a grain boundary.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the flakes comprises metal ...

VEHICLE OR BIKE MOUNT FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

An apparatus for mounting an electronic device includes a case for the electronic device; an attachment portion, formed on the case, having a groove; and a mount constructed to be attachable to a bicycle or a vehicle. The mount includes a locking cap having a protrusion; a rotatable cap having a tab groove wherein the rotatable cap is rotatable with respect to the locking cap; a biased switch having a tab wherein the tab is biased toward the rotatable cap. Here, the tab groove includes an opening and a groove is broadly defined to include an opening. The mount is attachable to the attachment portion by inserting the protrusion of the locking cap into the groove of the attachment portion and rotating the attachment portion or the locking cap with respect to each other. 3103040103055504540403010. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein while rotating the attachment portion or the locking cap with respect to each other claim 2 , the rotatable cap rotates together with the attachment portion with respect to the locking cap claim 2 , thereby allowing the first tab of the biased switch to be released into the tab groove of the rotatable cap to prevent further rotation of the rotatable cap and to prevent removal of the locking cap from the attachment portion .4404745. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the rotatable cap comprises a plurality of beveled grooves and the plurality of the tab grooves claim 3 , and{'b': 45', '47', '40, 'wherein the tab grooves and the beveled grooves are formed and alternately disposed on an outer-circumferential surface of the rotatable cap .'}5455550. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the tab grooves are constructed to receive the first tab of the biased switch and to prevent further rotation of the rotatable cap claim 4 , and{'b': 47', '55', '50', '55', '50', '47', '40, 'wherein the beveled grooves comprise sloped edges and a depth to receive the first tab of the biased switch and to allow the first tab of the biased switch to move out of the ...

MCPTT SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF FOR MANAGING MCPTT BROADCAST CALL IN OFF-NETWORK SYSTEM

Embodiments herein provide a method for managing Mission Critical Push To Talk (MCPTT) broadcast call between a first MCPTT client and a second MCPTT client in an off-network system. The method includes establishing, by the first MCPTT client, a broadcast call, where the first MCPTT client is transitioned from a first broadcast control state to a second broadcast control state after establishing the broadcast call. Further, the method includes releasing, by the first MCPTT client, the broadcast call, where the first MCPTT client is transitioned from the second broadcast control state to the first broadcast control state after releasing the broadcast call. 1. A method for managing mission critical push to talk (MCPTT) broadcast call between a first MCPTT client and a second MCPTT client in an off-network system , the method comprising:establishing, by the first MCPTT client, a broadcast call, wherein the first MCPTT client is transitioned from a first broadcast control state to a second broadcast control state after establishing the broadcast call; andreleasing, by the first MCPTT client, the broadcast call, wherein the first MCPTT client is transitioned from the second broadcast control state to the first broadcast control state after releasing the broadcast call.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein establishing the broadcast call comprising:receiving an indication from a first MCPTT user to initiate the broadcast call;generating a session descriptor (SDP) body;storing the generated SDP body as a SDP body of the broadcast call;generating a random number with a uniform distribution;storing the generated random number as a call identifier of the broadcast call;storing a first MCPTT user identifier as an originating MCPTT user identifier of the broadcast call;storing the broadcast call as a call type;generating a group call broadcast message;notifying a floor participant of a bearer priority;broadcasting the group call broadcast message;establishing a media session based ...

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Provided is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device. The method includes providing a substrate, forming uneven portions in a region of the substrate in which an electrode is to be formed, forming a precursor film formed of a two-dimensional material on the substrate on which the uneven portions are formed, forming a metal chalcogen film by performing a chalcogenation process on the formed precursor film, and forming the electrode on the formed metal chalcogen film. 1. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device , the method comprising:providing a substrate;forming uneven portions in a region of the substrate in which an electrode is to be formed;forming a precursor film of a two-dimensional material on the substrate including the uneven portions;forming a metal chalcogen film by performing a chalcogenation process on the formed precursor film; andforming the electrode on a part of the formed metal chalcogen film.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode is formed on the substrate.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the uneven portions in the region of the substrate in which the electrode is to be formed includes forming the uneven portions in a predetermined region of a surface of a dielectric film.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the two-dimensional material on the substrate including the uneven portions includes forming an ultra-thin metal film or an ultra-thin film of a partially oxidized metal claim 1 , which is a precursor to become a two-dimensional material.5. The method of claim 1 , the resistivity of precursor films may be in the range of 1×10cm-10 Ω·cm.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the forming of the two-dimensional material on the substrate on which the uneven portions are formed includes forming the the two-dimensional material film in regions including one or more contact regions and a channel region.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein one or more two-dimensional materials are stacked in the ...

THIN FILM TRANSISTOR AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Provided is a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a substrate, a channel part extending on the substrate in a first direction parallel to an upper surface of the substrate, source/drain electrodes connected to both ends of the channel part in the first direction, and a gate electrode spaced apart from the channel part in a second direction intersecting the first direction and parallel to the upper surface of the substrate. Each of the channel part, the source/drain electrodes, and the gate electrode is provided as a single layer. 1. A thin film transistor comprising:a substrate;a channel part extending on the substrate in a first direction parallel to an upper surface of the substrate;source/drain electrodes connected to both ends of the channel part in the first direction; anda gate electrode spaced apart from the channel part in a second direction intersecting the first direction and parallel to the upper surface of the substrate;wherein each of the channel part, the source/drain electrodes, and the gate electrode is provided as a single layer.2. The thin film transistor of claim 1 , wherein the channel part claim 1 , the source/drain electrodes claim 1 , and the gate electrode are composed of the same material.3. The thin film transistor of claim 2 , wherein the channel part and the source/drain electrodes are composed of a single body.4. The thin film transistor of claim 2 , wherein the channel part claim 2 , the source/drain electrodes and the gate electrode comprise a conductive metal oxide or a semiconductor material doped with an impurity.5. The thin film transistor of claim 1 , wherein upper surface of the channel part is located at a lower level than upper surface of the gate electrode.6. The thin film transistor of claim 1 , wherein the substrate has a recess provided between the channel part and the gate electrode claim 1 ,wherein the recess is toward the inside of the substrate from the upper surface of the substrate.7. The thin film ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CONDUCTIVE FILM

Provided is a method for manufacturing a conductive film. The method for manufacturing a conductive film includes providing a polymer thin-film on a base film, treating the polymer thin-film by using 10 M to 15 M of nitric acid, and washing the polymer thin-film treated with nitric acid. The nitric acid treatment is performed at room temperature for about 7 minutes to about 13 minutes. 1. A method for manufacturing a conductive film , comprising:providing a polymer thin-film on a base film;treating the polymer thin-film with nitric acid having concentration of 10 M to 15 M; andwashing the polymer thin-film treated with nitric acid,wherein the nitric acid treatment is performed at room temperature for about 7 minutes to about 13 minutes.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer thin-film has conductivity of about 0.5 S/cm to about 1.5 S/cm before the nitric acid treatment claim 1 , and the polymer thin-film has conductivity of about 3 claim 1 ,500 S/cm to about 4 claim 1 ,000 S/cm after the nitric acid treatment.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base film is transparent and flexible.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer thin-film comprises at least one of polyethylene claim 1 , polythiophene claim 1 , polypyrrole claim 1 , polyphenylene claim 1 , polyaniline or polyacetylene.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer thin-film comprises polyethylene dioxythiophene/polystyrene sulfonate (poly(3 claim 1 ,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)).6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polymer thin-film treated with nitric acid is washed with water.7. A method for manufacturing a conductive film claim 1 , comprising:providing a polymer thin-film on a base film;treating the polymer thin-film with nitric acid having concentration of 3 to 15 M; andwashing the polymer thin-film treated with nitric acid,wherein the nitric acid treatment is performed at room temperature for about 7 minutes to about 13 minutes, andconductivity of the ...

VEHICLE OR BIKE MOUNT FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

An apparatus for mounting an electronic device includes a case for the electronic device; an attachment portion, formed on the case, having a groove; and a mount constructed to be attachable to a bicycle or a vehicle. The mount includes a locking cap having a protrusion; a rotatable cap having a tab groove wherein the rotatable cap is rotatable with respect to the locking cap; a biased switch having a tab wherein the tab is biased toward the rotatable cap. Here, the tab groove includes an opening and a groove is broadly defined to include an opening. The mount is attachable to the attachment portion by inserting the protrusion of the locking cap into the groove of the attachment portion and rotating the attachment portion or the locking cap with respect to each other. 1. An apparatus for mounting an electronic device , comprising:{'b': '200', 'a case for the electronic device;'}{'b': 10', '200', '200', '14, 'an attachment portion , formed on the case or fixedly attached to the case , having a groove ; and'}{'b': 20', '20, 'a mount constructed to be removably attachable to a vehicle or a bicycle, wherein the mount comprises{'b': 30', '32, 'a locking cap having a protrusion ;'}{'b': 40', '45', '40', '30, 'a rotatable cap having a tab groove wherein the rotatable cap is rotatable with respect to the locking cap ; and'}{'b': 50', '55', '55', '40, 'a biased switch comprising a first tab wherein the first tab is biased towards the rotatable cap ,'}{'b': 20', '10', '32', '30', '14', '10', '10', '30, 'wherein the mount is removably attachable to the attachment portion by inserting the protrusion of the locking cap into the groove of the attachment portion and rotating the attachment portion or the locking cap with respect to each other.'}2103040103055504540403010. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein while rotating the attachment portion or the locking cap with respect to each other claim 1 , the rotatable cap rotates together with the attachment portion with respect to the ...

Dc-dc converter device and sub dc-dc converter of parallel structure included therein

A DC-DC converter device and a sub DC-DC converter unit with parallel structure included in the same are disclosed. The DC-DC converter device includes a main DC-DC converter unit configured to receive a (1-1)th reference voltage, a (1-2)th reference voltage and a (n-1)th output voltage, and output an nth first output current corresponding to an nth output voltage; and a sub DC-DC converter unit configured to receive a second reference voltage and the (n-1)th output voltage, and output an nth second output current corresponding to the nth output voltage. Here, an output current in accordance with the nth output voltage corresponds to sum of the nth first output current and the nth second output current.

METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR IMPLEMENTING COMMUNICATION

Provided is a method performed by a terminal of performing communication, the method including sending, by a terminal to which a floor is granted, media to at least one other terminal, when a predetermined event occurs in the terminal, monitoring a signal received by the terminal to grant the floor of the terminal, and when the media is received from another terminal within a predetermined time as a result of the monitoring, granting the floor to the other terminal. 1. A method , performed by a terminal , of performing communication , the method comprising:receiving a call release message;generating a call release acknowledgement message including a call identifier information element (IE), a caller IE and a callee IE, in response to receiving the call release message; andtransmitting the call release acknowledgement message,wherein a timer for waiting a message with a same call identifier, is initiated in response to receiving the call release message.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the call release acknowledgement message is generated claim 1 , in case that the terminal participating a call receives the call release message.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:terminating a media session for the call.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the call release acknowledgement message is generated claim 1 , in case that the terminal waiting a user indication for a private call setup request message receives the call release message.5. The method of claim 1 , entering a state not participating a call based on the received call release message.6. A method claim 1 , performed by a terminal claim 1 , of performing communication claim 1 ,the method comprising:receiving a call release acknowledgement message, in case that the terminal waits a release response;stopping a timer regarding a call release retransmission; andentering a state not participating a call based on the received call release message,wherein a timer for waiting a message with a same call identifier, ...

TRANSPARENT SOLAR CELL AND REAR-REFLECTIVE TRANSPARENT SOLAR CELL MODULE HAVING THE SAME

Provided are a transparent solar cell and a rear-reflective transparent solar cell module having the same. The transparent solar cell includes a transparent substrate, a first transparent electrode on the transparent substrate, a light absorption layer on the first transparent electrode, a re-absorption enhancing layer on the light absorption layer, and a second transparent electrode on the re-absorption enhancing layer. 1. A rear-reflective transparent solar cell module comprising:a transparent solar cell; anda lower reflection unit below the transparent solar cell,wherein the transparent solar cell comprises:a transparent substrate;a first transparent electrode on the transparent substrate;a light absorption layer on the first transparent electrode;a re-absorption enhancing layer on the light absorption layer; anda second transparent electrode on the re-absorption enhancing layer, the second transparent electrode being adjacent to the lower reflection unit.2. The rear-reflective transparent solar cell module of claim 1 , wherein the lower reflection unit comprises a reflection blind.3. The rear-reflective transparent solar cell module of claim 1 , wherein the lower reflection unit comprises a lower reflection board.4. The rear-reflective transparent solar cell module of claim 1 , further comprising an upper reflection unit disposed above the transparent solar cell that is opposite to the lower reflection unit claim 1 , the upper reflection unit being disposed adjacent to the transparent substrate.5. The rear-reflective transparent solar cell module of claim 4 , wherein the upper reflection unit comprises an upper reflection board. This is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/327,990, filed on Jul. 10, 2014. Further, this patent application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 of Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2013-0101259, filed on Aug. 26, 2013 and 10-2014-0002921, filed on Jan. 9, 2014. The entire contents of these prior U.S. and ...

POWER MODULE PACKAGE AND METHOD OF FABRICATING THE SAME

Disclosed herein is a power module package including a heat radiating plate including a step difference portion around an edge portion thereof, a semiconductor chip mounted on a mounting surface of the heat radiating plate, an external connection terminal disposed on an outer periphery of the heat radiating plate, electrically connected to the semiconductor chip, and protruding outwards, a wire for electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and the external connection terminal; and a molding portion for encapsulation of the semiconductor chip and a portion of the heat radiating plate, and in particular, the molding portion does not intrude over an exposed surface of the lower portion of the heat radiating plate through the step difference portion. In addition, disclosed herein is a fabricating method for preventing flush of the molding portion on the exposed surface. 1. A power module package comprising:a heat radiating plate including a step difference portion around an edge portion thereof;a semiconductor chip mounted on a mounting surface of the heat radiating plate;an external connection terminal disposed on an outer periphery of the heat radiating plate, electrically connected to the semiconductor chip, and protruding outwards;a wire for electrical connection between the semiconductor chip and the external connection terminal; anda molding portion for encapsulation of the semiconductor chip and a portion of the heat radiating plate,wherein the molding portion exposes a lower surface of the heat radiating plate through the step difference portion.2. The power module package as set forth in claim 1 , wherein:the heat radiating plate includes the mounting surface, an exposed surface opposite to the mounting surface, and a side wall surface connecting the mounting surface and the exposed surface; andthe step difference portion includes a step difference surface concaved towards a central region of the heat radiating plate from a lower portion of the side ...

Battery Pack Connector

Provided is a battery pack connector having a simple structure and capable of effectively preventing noise from flowing into or out of a battery pack. The battery pack connector includes: a communication connecting unit configured to be connectable to a communication wire for exchanging information with the battery management system; and a power supply connecting unit configured to be connectable to a power supply wire for supplying driving power to the battery management system and having at least a portion including a noise blocking material. 1. A battery pack connector located in a pack case of a battery pack including a battery management system , the battery pack connector comprising:a communication connector configured to be connectable to a communication wire for exchanging information with the battery management system; anda power supply connector configured to be connectable to a power supply wire for supplying driving power to the battery management system and having at least a portion including a noise blocking material.2. The battery pack connector of claim 1 , wherein the power supply connector comprises:a power supply housing including the noise blocking material, andat least a first power supply conductor including a metal material, embedded inside the power supply housing, and having a first end and a second end exposed to an outside of the power supply housing.3. The battery pack connector of claim 2 , wherein the first power supply conductor is bent at least once inside the power supply housing.4. The battery pack connector of claim 3 , wherein the first power supply conductor is bent at least 90° inside the power supply housing.5. The battery pack connector of claim 3 , wherein the power supply connector comprises at least a second power supply conductor claim 3 , wherein the first and second power supply conductors are arranged at different locations in an up-and-down direction claim 3 , wherein each of the first and second power supply ...

MICRONEEDLE PERCUTANEOUS PATCH CONTAINING DONEPEZIL

The present invention relates to a composition for preparing a microneedle, a soluble microneedle, and a microneedle percutaneous patch comprising the soluble microneedle. A soluble microneedle contained in a microneedle percutaneous patch of the present invention has a high drug loading capacity and excellent strength and thus may contain an effective amount of donepezil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof even with a small area of the microneedle. Accordingly, the present invention is economical and produces a lower level of skin irritation. 1. A composition for preparing a microneedle , the composition comprising donepezil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a bio-degradable polymer material , wherein a weight ratio of the donepezil or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the bio-degradable polymer is 1:1 to 1:5.2. The composition for preparing the microneedle according to claim 1 , wherein an average molecular weight of the bio-degradable polymer material is 300 to 800 kDa.3. The composition for preparing the microneedle according to claim 1 , wherein an intrinsic viscosity of the bio-degradable polymer material is 0.150 to 0.250 m/kg.4. The composition for preparing the microneedle according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-degradable polymer material is contained by 45 to 80% compared to a total weight of the composition.5. The composition for preparing the microneedle according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-degradable polymer material is hyaluronic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.6. A soluble microneedle comprising donepezil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a bio-degradable polymer material claim 1 ,wherein a molecular weight of the bio-degradable polymer material is 300 to 800 kDa,wherein a weight ratio of the donepezil or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and the bio-degradable polymer material is 1:1 to 1:5.7. The soluble microneedle according to claim 6 , wherein a content of ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF EXPERIENCE IN SHARING SCREEN AMONG DEVICES, AND RECORDING MEDIUM THEREOF

A method of improving quality of experience (QoE) in a first device which shares a screen of the first device with a second device includes: detecting a class of a content currently displayed on the screen; determining a QoE policy based on the detected class of the content; encoding a screen image of the screen based on the determined QoE policy; and transmitting the encoded screen image to the second device. As such, when a screen is shared among a plurality of devices, optimal QoE may be achieved with respect to each class of a content. 1. A method of improving quality in a first device which shares a screen of the first device with a second device , the method comprising:detecting a class of a content currently displayed on the screen;determining a quality policy based on the detected class of the content;encoding a screen image of the screen based on the determined quality policy; andtransmitting the encoded screen image to the second device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding is performed by using a frame rate and resolution which are adjusted based on the determined quality policy.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the quality policy adjusts the frame rate to be high claim 2 , in response to the content having a large amount of motion.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the detected class of the content is at least one from among a graphic content claim 1 , a real image content claim 1 , and a text content.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the detecting is performed based on a name of a currently executed application.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining comprises claim 1 , in response to a plurality of classes of contents being currently displayed on the screen claim 1 , selecting a quality policy corresponding to a class of a content having a highest priority based on priorities previously set with respect to the plurality of classes of the contents.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the encoding comprises:determining an allowable ...

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AS EFFECTIVE INGREDIENT FOR PREVENTION OR TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASE

A pharmaceutical composition comprising HLA-A2-expressing mesenchymal stem cells as an effective ingredient and its use in prevention or treatment of inflammatory disease are disclosed. The mesenchymal stem cells expressing HLA-A2 on the surface thereof inhibit the secretion of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-a and increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers CD163 and Arg-1, so that the pharmaceutical composition comprising the mesenchymal stem cells as an effective ingredient can be advantageously used for suppressing inflammation or treating inflammatory diseases. 17.-. (canceled)8. A method for treating a subject with an inflammatory disease , comprising:a step of administering a pharmaceutical composition as an active ingredient mesenchymal stem cells expressing HLA-A2 on a surface thereof to the subject,thereby treating said inflammatory disease.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells express claim 8 , on the surface thereof claim 8 , HLA-A2 at a level of 70% or higher.10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells express claim 8 , on the surface thereof claim 8 , any one selected from the group consisting of CD73 claim 8 , CD90 claim 8 , CD105 claim 8 , CD166 claim 8 , and a combination thereof claim 8 , and substantially do not express any one selected from the group consisting of CD14 claim 8 , CD34 claim 8 , CD45 claim 8 , and HLA-DR.11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells express claim 8 , on the surface thereof claim 8 , each of CD73 claim 8 , CD90 claim 8 , CD105 claim 8 , and CD166 at a level of 70% or higher claim 8 , and wherein expression of each of CD14 claim 8 , CD34 claim 8 , CD45 claim 8 , and HLA-DR is 1% or lower.12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells express claim 8 , on the surface thereof claim 8 , HLA-A2 at a level of 75% or higher claim 8 , express each of CD73 claim 8 , CD90 claim 8 , CD105 claim 8 , and CD166 at a level of 70% or higher claim ...

PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING HYALURONIC ACID AND STEM CELLS FOR TREATING CARTILAGE DAMAGE-ASSOCIATED DISEASE

A pharmaceutical composition containing hyaluronic acid and mesenchymal stem cells and its use in treating cartilage damage-associated diseases are disclosed. Compared to when hyaluronic acid and mesenchymal stem cells are administered as a mixture, administering mesenchymal stem cells after first administering hyaluronic acid may exhibit superior effects in alleviating disease symptoms in joint tissues affected by arthritis and also decrease the load on knees due to body weight. Accordingly, the pharmaceutical composition may be beneficially used in the treatment of cartilage damage-associated diseases. 18.-. (canceled)9. A method for treating a subject with a cartilage damage-associated disease , comprising steps of:(i) administering a first composition comprising hyaluronic acid to the subject; and(ii) administering a second composition comprising mesenchymal stem cells to the subject, after step (i),thereby treating the cartilage damage-associated disease.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the hyaluronic acid has a concentration of 0.5% (w/v) to 2.0% (w/v).11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells are contained in an amount of 1.0×10cells/ml to 1.0×10cells/ml of the second composition.12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the hyaluronic acid is administered at a dose of 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg claim 9 , body weight and the mesenchymal stem cells are administered at a dose of 5×10cells/kg to 1×10cells/kg body weight.13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the mesenchymal stem cells are derived from umbilical cord blood.14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the cartilage damage-associated disease is osteoarthritis claim 9 , meniscus tear claim 9 , arthrosis deformans claim 9 , or chondromalacia.15. The method of claim 9 , wherein a site of the subject where the osteoarthritis occurs is jaw joint claim 9 , shoulder joint claim 9 , elbow joint claim 9 , wrist joint claim 9 , finger joint claim 9 , spine joint claim 9 , hip joint claim 9 , knee joint claim 9 , ...

CASE, HAVING SOFT PROTECTIVE COVER AND HARD PROTECTIVE FRAME, FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

A case for an electronic device including a soft protective cover having a back panel to cover a back portion of the electronic device, side walls extending from the back panel to cover side portions of the electronic device, and an upper ledge; and a hard protective frame having a disconnected side and two facing sides. The disconnected side includes a first end portion and a second end portion. Each of the first and second end portions includes a first side and a second side; the second side tapers towards the upper ledge. 110100. A case () for an electronic device () , comprising:{'b': 20', '21', '110', '100', '22', '23', '24', '25', '21', '120', '130', '140', '150', '100, 'a soft protective cover (), comprising a back panel () covering a back portion () of the electronic device () and side walls (, , , ) extending from the back panel () to cover side portions (, , , ) of the electronic device (); and'}{'b': 30', '35', '33', '34', '35', '33', '34', '25', '23', '24', '20, 'a hard protective frame (), comprising a disconnected side () and two facing sides (, ), wherein the disconnected side () and two facing sides (, ) are constructed to mount on the side walls (, , ) of the soft protective cover (),'}{'b': 20', '27', '26', '25', '35, 'wherein the soft protective cover () further comprises an upper ledge () extending outwardly from a top () of the side wall () on which the disconnected side () mounts,'}{'b': 35', '36', '37, 'wherein the disconnected side () includes a first end portion () and a second end portion (), and'}{'b': 36', '37, 'claim-text': [{'b': '27', 'a first side substantially adjacent to and extending along the upper ledge (); and'}, {'b': '27', 'a second side that tapers towards the upper ledge ().'}], 'wherein each of the first and second end portions (, ) includes3103080333430. The case () of claim 2 , wherein the hard protective frame () further comprises a rib () connecting the two facing sides ( claim 2 , ) of the hard protective frame (). ...

Synchronizing ip information of virtual machines

One embodiment discloses a method and apparatus for synchronizing IP information of virtual machines. The method includes: obtaining an IP relevant message of at least one virtual machine within a subnet, recording IP information and connection information of the at least one virtual machine based on the IP relevant message, and modifying connection information of a specific virtual machine in response to migration of the specific virtual machine. The apparatus corresponds to the method. With the method and apparatus above, IP information and connection information of respective virtual machines within the subnet are recorded regularly and routinely. Once a certain virtual machine is migrated, updating and modifying connection information of the migrated virtual machine is only needed, but without a need for resending a request to the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server. Thus, network disruptions caused by non-synchronization of IP information when the virtual machine is migrated are avoided.

SOLAR CELL

Provided is the structure of a thin film solar cell. The structure of the thin film solar cell includes a first substrate, a first electrode provided on the first substrate, a p-type semiconductor layer provided on the first electrode, a first buffer layer provided on the p-type semiconductor layer, an optical absorption region provided on the first buffer layer, a second buffer layer provided on the optical absorption region, an n-type semiconductor layer provided on the second buffer layer, a second electrode provided on the n-type semiconductor layer, and a second substrate on the second electrode. The optical absorption region includes a silicon layer, a first layer on the silicon layer, and a second layer having a different energy band gap from the first layer, on the first layer. 1. A thin film solar cell , comprising:a first substrate;a first electrode provided on the first substrate;a p-type semiconductor layer provided on the first electrode;a first buffer layer provided on the p-type semiconductor layer;an optical absorption region provided on the first buffer layer;a second buffer layer provided on the optical absorption region;an n-type semiconductor layer provided on the second buffer layer;a second electrode provided on the n-type semiconductor layer; anda second substrate on the second electrode,the optical absorption region including a silicon layer, a first layer on the silicon layer, and a second layer having a different energy band gap from the first layer, on the first layer.2. The thin film solar cell of claim 1 , wherein the first layer is a first silicon germanium layer claim 1 , and the second layer is a silicon layer.3. The thin film solar cell of claim 2 , further comprising a second silicon germanium layer having a different band gap from the first silicon germanium layer claim 2 , between the first layer and the second layer.4. The thin film solar cell of claim 2 , further comprising a second silicon germanium layer having a different ...

DATA COMMUNICATION METHOD AND APPARATUS USING FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION

A data communication method using forward error correction (FEC) includes: receiving at least one of symbols that constitute one encoding block unit; extracting information related to parameters that adjust an FEC encoding rate from the at least one symbol; determining whether an error may be corrected based on the extracted information related to the parameters and a number of symbols with errors from among the symbols that constitute the encoding block unit; and transmitting feedback information related to the symbols prior to the symbols that constitute the encoding block unit being completely received based on the determination of whether an error may be corrected. 1. A data communication method using forward error correction (FEC) , the data communication method comprising:receiving at least one of symbols that constitute one encoding block unit;extracting from the at least one symbol information related to parameters that adjust an FEC encoding rate;determining whether an error may be corrected based on the extracted information related to the parameters and a number of symbols with errors from among the symbols that constitute the encoding block unit; andtransmitting feedback information related to the symbols prior to the symbols that constitute the encoding block unit being completely received based on the determination.2. The data communication method of claim 1 , wherein the information related to the parameters comprises encoding block unit length information.3. The data communication method of claim 1 , wherein the symbols that constitute the encoding block unit comprise at least one source symbol and at least one repair symbol.4. The data communication method of claim 2 , wherein the information related to the parameters further comprises source block length information and symbol length information.5. The data communication method of claim 3 , wherein the information related to the parameters is included in a header of the repair symbol.6. The data ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OUTPUTTING IMAGE ONTO SURFACE OF JEWEL BY USING PRE-DISTORTED IMAGE

Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for displaying an image on the surface of a jewel using a previously distorted image. The apparatus for displaying an image on a surface of a jewel using a previously distorted image includes a distorted image generation unit for generating a distorted image corresponding to an original image that is desired to be displayed on a table facet of a jewel in consideration of characteristics of the jewel and characteristics of the original image, and a display unit for outputting visible light corresponding to the distorted image to the jewel so that the original image is displayed on the table facet of the jewel. 1. An apparatus for displaying an image on a surface of a jewel using a previously distorted image , comprising:a distorted image generation unit for generating a distorted image corresponding to an original image that is desired to be displayed on a table facet of a jewel in consideration of characteristics of the jewel and characteristics of the original image; anda display unit for outputting visible light corresponding to the distorted image to the jewel so that the original image is displayed on the table facet of the jewel.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the distorted image generation unit comprises:a rendering unit for receiving the original image and rendering the jewel using a preset template;a correspondence relationship extraction unit for outputting virtual visible light corresponding to a first image from the table facet of the rendered jewel, analyzing a second image generated on a facet opposite the table facet by the virtual visible light, and extracting a correspondence relationship between the first image and the second image, based on a result of analysis; anda generation unit for generating the distorted image using the original image and the correspondence relationship.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the distorted image generation unit extracts the correspondence relationship in ...

SOLAR CELL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Provided are a solar cell and a method of manufacturing the same. The solar cell includes a substrate, a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the first electrode, and at least one semiconductor layer interposed between the first and second electrodes, and a first connection layer interposed between the first electrode and the semiconductor layer and electrically connecting the first and second electrodes to each other. The first connection layer includes a plurality of two-dimensional layers vertically extending from a top surface of the first electrode to a bottom surface of the semiconductor layer. The two-dimensional layers include a metal compound. 1. A method of manufacturing a solar cell , the method comprising:forming a first electrode on a substrate;performing a chalcogenization reaction on the first electrode to form a connection layer; andsequentially forming a semiconductor layer and a second electrode on the connection layer,wherein forming the connection layer comprises reacting a metal on the first electrode with a chalcogen precursor to form a plurality of vertically oriented two-dimensional layers.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one region of the two-dimensional layers is grown vertically from a top surface of the first electrode.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the two-dimensional layers are configured to prevent leakage current in a horizontal direction within the connection layer claim 2 , the horizontal direction being parallel to the top surface of the first electrode.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal is contained in the first electrode claim 1 , andwhile forming the connection layer, a thickness of the first electrode decreases.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein before forming the connection layer claim 4 , the thickness of the first electrode is 50 nm to 1 claim 4 ,000 nm.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first electrode contains the metal selected from the group consisting of W claim 4 , Mo ...

APPARATUS FOR MONITORING GAS AND PLASMA PROCESS EQUIPMENT INCLUDING THE SAME

Provided is an apparatus for monitoring a gas and plasma process equipment including the same. The apparatus includes: a housing including a gas inflow hole, a gas discharge hole, and windows; a light source disposed adjacent to one of the windows outside the housing to provide source light to a gas supplied between the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole; a sensor disposed adjacent to the other of the windows outside the housing to detect fluorescence emitted from the gas by the source light; and a coil disposed in the housing between the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole to heat and decompose the gas between the light source and the sensor, thereby increasing the fluorescence emitted from the gas. 1. An apparatus for monitoring a gas , the apparatus comprising:a housing comprising a gas inflow hole, a gas discharge hole, and windows;a light source disposed adjacent to one of the windows outside the housing to provide source light to a gas supplied between the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole;a sensor disposed adjacent to the other of the windows outside the housing to detect fluorescence emitted from the gas by the source light; anda coil disposed in the housing between the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole to heat the gas between the light source and the sensor, thereby increasing the fluorescence emitted from the gas.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the coil comprises a filament.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the coil has a circular shape aligned in a direction in which the light source and the sensor are arranged.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole are arranged in a first direction claim 1 , and wherein the coil is aligned in a second direction crossing the first direction.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the coil is aligned in a direction in which the gas inflow hole and the gas discharge hole are arranged.6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the windows ...

SYSTEMS, APPARATUS, AND METHODS FOR HEAT DISSIPATION

Some examples of the disclosure include a semiconductor package having a heat spreader, an outer perimeter portion attached to the bottom of the heat spreader along the perimeter and having a plurality of electrical pathways, a package substrate located below and spaced from the outer perimeter portion and having a plurality of electrical pathways, a plurality of connection points located between the outer perimeter component and the package substrate to provide connection points coupling the plurality of electrical pathways of the outer perimeter portion to the plurality of electrical pathways in the package substrate, and a cavity formed on the bottom of the heat spreader inside the outer perimeter portion. 1. A semiconductor package , comprising:a heat spreader having a bottom side and a perimeter;an outer perimeter portion attached to the bottom side of the heat spreader along the perimeter of the heat spreader, the outer perimeter portion having a plurality of electrical pathways therein;a package substrate located below and spaced from the outer perimeter portion, the package substrate having a plurality of electrical pathways therein;a plurality of connection points located between the outer perimeter portion and the package substrate, the plurality of connection points coupling the plurality of electrical pathways of the outer perimeter portion to the plurality of electrical pathways of the package substrate; andwherein the outer perimeter portion forms a cavity on the bottom side of the heat spreader.2. The semiconductor package of claim 1 , further comprising a semiconductor die located in the cavity claim 1 , the semiconductor die being thermally coupled to the heat spreader and electrically coupled to the package substrate and the outer perimeter portion.3. The semiconductor package of claim 2 , wherein the outer perimeter portion provides supplemental signal claim 2 , power or ground pathways for signals from the package substrate and the semiconductor ...

COMPOUND FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT, ORGANIC ELECTRONIC ELEMENT USING THE SAME, AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE THEREOF

The present invention provides a novel compound for an EBL capable of improving the light emitting efficiency, stability and life span of a device, and an organic electric element and an electronic device using the same. 7. An organic electric element comprising: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an organic layer positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode claim 1 , the organic layer comprising an electron blocking layer (EBL) formed with the compound .8. The organic electric element of claim 7 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a hole injection layer claim 7 , a hole transport layer claim 7 , a light emitting layer claim 7 , an electron transport layer claim 7 , an electron injection layer claim 7 , or a mixture thereof claim 7 , and wherein the EBL is formed between the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer.9. The organic electric element of claim 8 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a hole blocking layer claim 8 , an emission-auxiliary layer claim 8 , a buffer layer claim 8 , or a mixture thereof formed between the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer.10. The organic electric element of claim 7 , wherein the organic material layer is formed by one of a spin coating process claim 7 , a nozzle printing process claim 7 , an inkjet printing process claim 7 , a slot coating process claim 7 , a dip coating process claim 7 , and a roll-to-roll process.11. The organic electric element of claim 7 , further comprising a light efficiency enhancing layer formed on one side of the first electrode and/or one side of the second electrode.12. An electronic device comprising a display apparatus comprising the organic electric element according to ; and a driving part configured to drive the display apparatus.13. The electronic device of claim 12 , wherein the organic electric element is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) claim 12 , an organic solar cell claim 12 , an organic photo conductor ...

ELECTRONIC DEVICE WITH DETACHABLE STORAGE MEDIUM

An electronic device is provided which includes a housing including a through-hole positioned in a side face, a socket disposed within the housing, and having an entrance aligned with the through-hole, a biasing member mounted on the housing, and disposed between the through-hole and the entrance of the socket, and a tray in which at least one storage medium is seated. The tray is inserted into/extracted from the housing through the through-hole, and inserted into the socket from the inside of the housing through the entrance. During the insertion or extraction of the tray, the biasing member may limit a movement range of the storage medium in the tray. 1. An electronic device comprising:a housing including a through-hole positioned in a side face;a socket disposed within the housing, and having an entrance aligned with the through-hole;a biasing member mounted on the housing; anda tray that transports at least one storage medium, and is inserted into/extracted from the housing through the through-hole, the tray being inserted into the socket through the entrance in the housing,wherein, during insertion or extraction of the tray, the biasing member limits a movement range of the storage medium in the tray.2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the biasing member is disposed between the through-hole and the entrance of the socket.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the storage medium includes at least one of a subscriber identification module (SIM) card and a memory card.4. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the biasing member is formed as a leaf spring that includes a fixing piece mounted to the housing and a biasing piece extending in a curved form from the fixing piece to protrude from one face of the fixing piece claim 1 , andwherein, during the insertion or extraction of the tray, the biasing piece elastically biases a portion of the storage medium.5. The electronic device of claim 4 , wherein the biasing member includes a slit that is ...

TRANSPARENT PLANAR HEATER

Provided is a transparent planar heater including a transparent substrate, a transparent heating layer disposed on the transparent substrate, and an electrode disposed on the transparent heating layer and electrically connected to the transparent heating layer. The transparent heating layer includes a metal layer disposed on the transparent substrate, the metal layer being configured to receive an external power from the electrode, thereby generating heat, and a selective transmission layer disposed on the transparent substrate to block at least a portion of a wavelength region of an infrared rays region of light and transmit a portion of the wavelength region of the light. 1. A transparent planar heater comprising:a transparent substrate;a transparent heating layer disposed on the transparent substrate; andan electrode disposed on the transparent heating layer and electrically connected to the transparent heating layer,wherein the transparent heating layer comprises:a metal layer disposed on the transparent substrate, the metal layer being configured to receive an external power from the electrode, thereby generating heat; anda selective transmission layer disposed on the transparent substrate to block at least a portion of a wavelength region of an infrared rays region of light and transmit a portion of the wavelength region of the light.2. The transparent planar heater of claim 1 , wherein the metal layer comprises at least one of gold (Au) claim 1 , platinum (Pt) claim 1 , silver (Ag) claim 1 , aluminum (Al) claim 1 , copper (Cu) claim 1 , zinc (Zn) claim 1 , TiN claim 1 , TaN claim 1 , tungsten (W) claim 1 , titanium (Ti) claim 1 , molybdenum (Mo) claim 1 , and chrome (Cr).3. The transparent planar heater of claim 1 , wherein the selective transmission layer transmits at least a portion of a wavelength region of a visible rays region.4. The transparent planar heater of claim 1 , wherein the selective transmission layer comprises at least one of indium tin oxide ...

SCHEME FOR SETTING UP PTT GROUP CALL IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK

The present disclosure proposes a method for joining an on-going group call by a push-to-talk (PTT) client in a wireless communication network, the method comprising: entering a coverage of the on-going group call; transmitting a group call announcement message for setting up a group call, the group call announcement message comprising a group identification (ID) of the on-going group call; receiving parameters from another PTT client participating the on-going group call; and configuring the parameters for media transfer in the on-going group call based on the received parameter. 1. A method for joining an on-going group call by a push-to-talk (PTT) client in a wireless communication network , the method comprising:entering a coverage of the on-going group call;transmitting a group call announcement message for setting up a group call, the group call announcement message comprising a group identification (ID) of the on-going group call;receiving parameters from another PTT client participating in the on-going group call; andconfiguring parameters for media transfer in the on-going group call based on the received parameter.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:releasing the group identification of the on-going group call if another group call announcement message is not received for a first period.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating the group call announce message based on a session announcement protocol (SAP) packet format.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:generating a session description protocol (SDP) body as a SDP offer; andsetting up the group call based on the generated SDP body.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:caching a presence of a new PTT client in a contact list if a new group call announcement message is received from the new PTT client.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wireless communication network is in an off-network condition.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the PTT client is a mission ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING DIRECT COMMUNICATION WITH AT LEAST ONE OTHER USER EQUIPMENT

A method and an apparatus for performing direct communication with at least one other user equipment are provided. The method and apparatus comprises upon generation of an event requiring the direct communication, transmitting a floor request, monitoring whether a response to the floor request is received from at least one adjacent UE, if a response to the floor request is not received until the floor request is transmitted a predetermined number of times at a predetermined interval, determining that a transmission right for the direct communication is granted, and if it is determined that the transmission right is granted, transmitting a signal to the at least one other UE by the direct communication. 1. A method for performing direct communication with at least one other user equipment (UE) by a UE , the method comprising:upon generation of an event requiring the direct communication, transmitting a floor request;monitoring whether a response to the floor request is received from at least one adjacent UE;if a response to the floor request is not received until the floor request is transmitted a predetermined number of times at a predetermined interval, determining that a transmission right for the direct communication is granted; andif it is determined that the transmission right is granted, transmitting a signal to the at least one other UE by the direct communication.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , if a response rejecting transfer of the transmission right in response to the floor request from a UE having the transmission right claim 1 , receiving a signal from the UE having the transmission right by the direct communication.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , upon receipt of a standby request in response to the floor request from a UE having the transmission right claim 1 , monitoring whether a response indicating transfer of the transmission right is received from the UE having the transmission right until a ...

Method and terminal for providing mcptt service

Disclosed is a method in which a terminal provides a Mission Critical Push To Talk (MCPTT) service. The method includes receiving a group call announcement message by the terminal, which is any one of a plurality of terminals participating in a group call that is set based on the MCPTT service, comparing information regarding a first group call stored in the terminal with information regarding a second group call included in the received group call announcement message, and merging the first group call, in which the terminal is participating, and the second group call, based on a result of the comparison.

Screw disassembly device

A screw disassembly device includes a driving mechanism, an electric screwdriver, and a collecting mechanism. The driving mechanism is coupled to the electric screwdriver to drive the electric screwdriver to move. The electric screwdriver disassembles a screw and includes a head portion. The head portion adsorbs the screw. The collecting mechanism includes a stripping member, a transfer block, and a receiving box. The transfer block is mounted on the driving mechanism. The transfer block defines a transfer chamber. The head portion movably passes through the transfer block and the transfer chamber. The stripping member clamps the screw within the transfer chamber to remove the screw from the head portion. An inner chamber of the receiving box is coupled to the transfer chamber by the transfer tube. The receiving box generates a negative pressure to suck the screw through the transfer tube into the receiving box.

ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME

An electronic device includes a semiconductor memory. The semiconductor memory includes a plurality of first pillar electrodes spaced apart from each other, a plurality of second pillar electrodes spaced apart from each other, each second pillar electrode being spaced apart from adjacent first pillar electrodes, and a plurality of variable resistance layers enclosing sidewalls of corresponding second pillar electrodes, respectively, wherein a group of adjacent first pillar electrodes is in contact with one variable resistance layer, and a group of adjacent variable resistance layers is in contact with one first pillar electrode. 1. An electronic device comprising a semiconductor memory , wherein the semiconductor memory comprises:a plurality of first pillar electrodes spaced apart from each other;a plurality of second pillar electrodes spaced apart from each other, each second pillar electrode being spaced apart from adjacent first pillar electrodes; anda plurality of variable resistance layers enclosing sidewalls of corresponding second pillar electrodes, respectively,wherein a group of adjacent first pillar electrodes is in contact with one variable resistance layer, and a group of adjacent variable resistance layers is in contact with one first pillar electrode.2. The electronic device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a plurality of selection element layers interposed between the first pillar electrodes and the variable resistance layers or between the second pillar electrodes and the variable resistance layers.3. The electronic device according to claim 1 , wherein the group of adjacent first pillar electrodes includes first pillar electrodes disposed on opposite sides of the one variable resistance layer in a first direction and a second direction claim 1 , the second direction crossing the first direction claim 1 , andwherein the group of adjacent variable resistance layers includes variable resistance layers disposed on opposite sides of the one ...

THIN FILM AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Provided embodiments are a thin film including a support material and nano particles having different density from that of the support material, and a method for manufacturing the same. Due to the density difference, the nano particles are intensively concentrated on an upper or lower part of the support material. The inventive concept also discloses a thin film capable of increasing surface roughness and a method for manufacturing the same. The thin film includes a support material, and particles contained therein. The particles may have lower density than that of the support material, and increase surface roughness at an upper part of the support material. 1. A thin film comprising:a support material, and particles contained therein,wherein a density of the particles is different from that of the support material, and the particles are intensively concentrated on an upper or lower part of the support material.2. The thin film of claim 1 , wherein the particles have a lower density than that of the support material claim 1 , and increase surface roughness at the upper part of the support material.3. The thin film of claim 2 , wherein the surface roughness increases in proportion to the density difference between the particles and the support material.4. The thin film of claim 3 , wherein the particles have a lower refractive index than that of the support material.5. The thin film of claim 4 , wherein the particles have diameters of about 1 nm to about 500 nms.6. The thin film of claim 5 , wherein the surface roughness is proportion to the diameters of the particles.7. The thin film of claim 6 , wherein the surface roughness is larger than about 1 nm and smaller than about 500 nms.8. The thin film of claim 1 , wherein the support material comprises at least one of aluminum oxide claim 1 , titanium oxide claim 1 , tantalum oxide claim 1 , and zinc oxide.9. The thin film of claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise at least one of silicon oxide and silicon nitride.10. ...

METHOD FOR DEVICE TO CONTROL ANOTHER DEVICE AND THE DEVICE

The present disclosure relates to a sensor network, Machine Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication, and technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the above technologies, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The present disclosure relates to control a client device using a server device based on context data indicating a circumstance of a user. 1. A method of controlling a client device using a mobile device , the method comprising:receiving context data including information regarding a situation of a user from a first client device;determining an event regarding a vehicle driving based on the received context data and pre-stored information, wherein the pre-stored information includes a pattern of context data regarding the vehicle driving which has occurred;determining an object to be transferred from the mobile device to a second client device based on the determined event and a type of an application executed in the mobile device; andtransferring the object to the second client device.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprises generating a mirroring session for performing a mirroring service to the second client device when the determined event is a first event claim 1 , wherein the object is transferred to the second client device through the mirroring session.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining the context data comprises obtaining the context data from the first client device according to a pre-configured cycle claim 1 , andthe pre-configured cycle is changed based on the event.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the object comprises:determining an operation of the application corresponding to the determined event;determining the object that is output from the mobile device, according to the determined operation.5. The method of ...

CASE, HAVING SOFT PROTECTIVE COVER AND HARD PROTECTIVE FRAME, FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICES

A case for an electronic device includes: a soft protective cover having a back panel to cover a back portion of the electronic device and side walls extending from the back panel to cover side portions of the electronic device; a hard protective frame, constructed to removably mount on the soft protective cover and wrapping around the side walls of the soft protective cover. The hard protective frame comprises a disconnected side and two facing sides. The disconnected side is disconnected and has a first end portion and a second end portion; and a first mating means formed on the first and second end portions of the hard protective frame and corresponding portions of the side wall of the soft protective cover. 21040433637304225204342. The case () of claim 1 , wherein the first mating means () comprises first mating protrusions () claim 1 , formed on the first and second end portions ( claim 1 , ) of the hard protective frame () claim 1 , and first mating holes or recesses () claim 1 , formed on the side wall () of the soft protective cover () claim 1 , wherein the first mating protrusions () are mated with and received in the first mating holes or recesses ().31040422520433637304243. The case () of claim 1 , wherein the first mating means () comprises first mating protrusions (′) claim 1 , formed on the side wall () of the soft protective cover () claim 1 , and first mating holes or recesses (′) claim 1 , formed on the first and second end portions ( claim 1 , ) of the hard protective frame () claim 1 , wherein the first mating protrusions (′) are mated with and received in the first mating holes or recesses (′).410302120. The case () of claim 1 , wherein the hard protective frame () does not substantially cover a back portion () of the soft protective cover ().51050333430232420. The case () of claim 1 , further comprising a second mating means () formed on the two facing sides ( claim 1 , ) of the hard protective frame () and corresponding portions of the side ...