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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 12494. Отображено 100.
23-02-2012 дата публикации

Scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound particles, production method thereof, and arsenic-containing solid

Номер: US20120045382A1
Принадлежит: Dowa Metals and Mining Co Ltd

Scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound particles in which the particle surface layer part comprise an iron-rich layer having an Fe/As molar ratio of at least 1.24. The particles can be obtained in a reaction process of feeding an oxygen-containing gas to an aqueous solution containing an arsenic(V) ion and an iron(II) ion to precipitate a scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound crystal at a pH of at most 2, in which an oxidizing agent is further added to the liquid before the end of the reaction (treatment A). The particles may also be obtained by a method comprising keeping a scorodite-type iron-arsenic compound particle of good crystallinity in contact with an iron ion-containing aqueous solution having a controlled pH of from 2 to 9 at 0 to 90° C. (treatment B). The scorodite-type iron-arsenic particles have good filterability and excellent arsenic release-preventing effect.

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21-06-2012 дата публикации

Rare earth recovery from phosphor material and associated method

Номер: US20120152062A1
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A method for recovering at least one rare earth element from a phosphor is presented. The method includes a halogenation step (a) and a reduction step (b). The phosphor is first halogenated in a molten salt to convert at least one rare earth constituent contained therein to a soluble rare earth halide. Then, the rare earth halide in the molten salt can be reduced, to convert the rare earth halide to a rare earth element in its elemental state. A method for individually recovering multiple rare earth elements from a phosphor is also presented.

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09-08-2012 дата публикации

Method of manufacturing fe and ni containing material, ferronickel mass using the fe and ni containing material and method for manufacturing the ferronickel mass

Номер: US20120198965A1
Автор: Jae Young Lee
Принадлежит: Individual

A method of manufacturing an Fe/Ni-containing material having a low content of sulfur from an Fe/Ni/SO 4 -containing liquid waste, a ferronickel mass using the Fe/Ni-containing material, and a method of manufacturing the ferronickel mass. The method includes: removing SO 4 from an Fe/Ni/SO 4 -containing liquid waste by adding an SO 4 neutralizing agent to the liquid waste so that pH of the liquid waste can be maintained to a pH level of 0.5 to 2.5; precipitating Fe and Ni in the form of hydroxide [(Ni,Fe)(OH)] by adding NaOH to the SO 4 -free solution; washing the precipitate with water; and manufacturing an Ni/Fe-containing material by filtering and drying the washed Ni/Fe-containing sludge. The method may be useful to suitably apply to the field of recycling of waste acids since an Fe/Ni-containing pellet and a high purity plaster are recovered as the stainless steel material from the waste water at the same time.

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06-12-2012 дата публикации

Complex oxide, method for producing same, and exhaust gas purifying catalyst

Номер: US20120309614A1
Принадлежит: Anan Kasei Co Ltd

Disclosed are a composite oxide which is capable of maintaining a large volume of pores even used in a high temperature environment, and which has excellent heat resistance and catalytic activity, as well as a method for producing the composite oxide and a catalyst for exhaust gas purification employing the composite oxide. The composite oxide contains cerium and at least one element selected from aluminum, silicon, or rare earth metals other than cerium and including yttrium, at a mass ratio of 85:15 to 99:1 in terms oxides, and has a property of exhibiting a not less than 0.30 cm 3 /g, preferably not less than 0.40 cm 3 /g volume of pores with a diameter of not larger than 200 nm, after calcination at 900° C. for 5 hours, and is suitable for a co-catalyst in a catalyst for vehicle exhaust gas purification.

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17-01-2013 дата публикации

Cerium salt, producing method thereof, serium oxide and cerium based polishing slurry

Номер: US20130014446A1
Принадлежит: Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd

A cerium salt wherein, when 20 g of the cerium salt is dissolved in a mixed liquid of 12.5 g of 6N nitric acid and 12.5 g of a 30% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, a concentration of an insoluble component present in the solution is 5 ppm or less by mass ratio to the cerium salt before dissolution and cerium oxide produced by processing the cerium salt at high temperatures. Scratch on a surface to be polished can be reduced when a cerium based polishing slurry containing the cerium oxide particles is used, since an amount of impurities in cerium oxide particles and cerium salt particles, raw material thereof, is reduced for high purification.

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28-02-2013 дата публикации

Composition containing oxides of zirconium, cerium and another rare earth having reduced maximum reducibility temperature, a process for preparation and use thereof in the field of catalysis

Номер: US20130052108A1
Принадлежит: Rhodia Operations SAS

A composition is described that includes oxides of zirconium, cerium and another rare earth different from cerium, having a cerium oxide content not exceeding 50 wt % and, after calcination at 1000° C. for 6 hours, a maximal reducibility temperature not exceeding 500° C. and a specific surface of at least 45 m 2 /g. The composition can be prepared according to a method that includes continuously reacting a mixture that includes compounds of zirconium, cerium and another rare earth having a basic compound for a residence time not exceeding 100 milliseconds, wherein the precipitate is heated and contacted with a surfactant before calcination.

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18-04-2013 дата публикации

Method for recovering rare earth, vanadium and nickel

Номер: US20130091989A1
Принадлежит: Hong Jing Environment Co

A method for recovering rare earth, vanadium and nickel from waste vanadium-nickel catalysts, comprising steps of: acid leaching, by soaking waste vanadium-nickel catalysts into a sulfuric acid solution and obtaining a mixture containing alumina silica slag; sedimentation, by filtering out the alumina silica slag from the mixture to obtain a filtrate, and then adding a salt into the filtrate to precipitate rare earth followed by isolating a sediment of rare earth double salts and a liquid solution via filtration; and extraction, by providing and adding an alkali into the sediment of rare earth double salts followed by further soaking the rare earth double salts in an acid solution to precipitate rare earth, and adding an oxidizer into the liquid solution to adjust the pH value thereof and then extracting vanadium and nickel from the liquid solution via an ion-exchange resin.

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02-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MATERIALS RECOVERY FROM CATALYSTS COMPRISING IRON, CERIUM, MOLYBDENUM, AND POTASSIUM

Номер: US20130108526A1
Принадлежит: BASF SE

A method for materials recovery from a catalyst comprising oxides of iron, cerium, molybdenum, and potassium, in which potassium and molybdenum are removed by treating the catalyst with an aqueous leachant, giving an aqueous solution S1 comprising potassium and molybdenum, and a solid residue R1 comprising cerium oxide and iron oxide, and recovering cerium in the form of a solid comprising a cerium(III) compound or cerium(IV) oxide from the solid residue R1. 111.-. (canceled)12. A method for materials recovery from a catalyst comprising oxides of iron , cerium , molybdenum , and potassium , in which potassium and molybdenum are removed by treating the catalyst with an aqueous leachant , giving an aqueous solution S1 comprising potassium and molybdenum , and a solid residue R1 comprising cerium oxide and iron oxide , and recovering cerium in the form of a solid comprising a cerium(III) compound or cerium(IV) oxide from the solid residue R1.13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the catalyst claim 12 , before being treated with the aqueous leachant claim 12 , is heated in an atmosphere comprising oxygen.14. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the catalyst claim 12 , before being treated with the aqueous leachant claim 12 , is mechanically comminuted.15. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the solid residue R1 comprising cerium oxide and iron oxide is treated with a mineral acid claim 12 , to recover an iron-containing solution S2 and a solid residue R2 comprising cerium(IV) oxide.16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the solid residue R2 comprising cerium(IV) oxide is dissolved claim 15 , with reduction of cerium(IV) to cerium(III) claim 15 , in a mineral acid claim 15 , giving a solution S4 claim 15 , and cerium is precipitated in the form of a cerium(III) compound from the solution S4 by addition of a basic precipitant.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein an iron(II) compound or metallic iron is added as reducing agent to the ...

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09-05-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOFUELS

Номер: US20130111807A1
Принадлежит: BHT GLOBAL HOLDINGS LIMITED

According to one embodiment, a process for treating an organic feedstock is disclosed. The organic feedstock including a convertible component is preprocessed to increase the concentration of the convertible component. The organic feedstock is processed to convert at least a portion of the convertible component to a fuel and the fuel is extracted from the organic feedstock. 1. A process comprising:preprocessing an organic feedstock comprising a convertible component to increase the concentration of the convertible component;processing the organic feedstock to convert at least a portion of the convertible component to a fuel; andextracting the fuel from the organic feedstock.2. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the process is continuous.3. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the convertible component is algae.4. The process as recited in claim 3 , wherein the concentration of algae is increased to greater than or equal to 30% by weight of the organic feedstock.5. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein preprocessing comprises heating the organic feedstock.6. The process as recited in claim 5 , wherein heating the organic feedstock comprises heating the organic feedstock in a heat exchanger and a heater.7. The process as recited in claim 6 , wherein the heat exchanger heats the organic feedstock to a temperature of 55° C. and the heater heats the organic feedstock to a temperature of 75° C.8. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein processing the organic feedstock comprises pressurizing and heating the organic feedstock.9. The process as recited in claim 8 , wherein the organic feedstock is pressurized to a pressure between 100-350 bar and heated to a temperature between 250-400° C.10. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein extracting the fuel from the organic feedstock comprises contacting the organic feedstock with a solvent.11. The process as recited in claim 10 , wherein the solvent is at least one solvent selected from the group ...

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09-05-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR SEPARATING NICKEL AND COBALT FROM ACTIVE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN SPENT NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY

Номер: US20130112043A1
Принадлежит: SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO., LTD.

A method for separating nickel, cobalt and a rare earth element from a material containing positive and negative electrode active materials of a nickel-metal hydride battery includes mixing a material containing positive and negative electrode active materials with a sulfuric acid solution and dissolving therein, and then separating a leachate from a residue; adding an alkali metal sulfate to the leachate to obtain a mixed precipitate of double sulfate of rare earth elements, and a rare-earth-element-free solution; and adding a sulfurizing agent to the rare-earth-element-free solution to separate a nickel and cobalt sulfide raw material and a residual solution. 1. A method for separating nickel , cobalt , and a rare earth element from a material containing positive and negative electrode active materials of a nickel-metal hydride battery , wherein a sulfide containing nickel and cobalt and a sulfate containing a rare earth element are obtained from the material containing positive and negative electrode active materials which constitutes the nickel-metal hydride battery , the method comprising:(1) a leaching step of mixing the material containing positive and negative electrode active materials with a sulfuric acid solution and dissolving therein, followed by separating a leachate from a residue,(2) a rare earth crystallization step of adding an alkali metal sulfate to the leachate obtained in the leaching step and thereby obtaining a mixed precipitate of double sulfate of a rare earth element and a rare-earth-element-free solution, and(3) a sulfide raw material recovery step of adding a sulfurizing agent to the rare-earth-element-free solution obtained in the rare earth crystallization step and thereby separating a nickel and cobalt sulfide raw material from a residual solution, and(4) a dezincification step of adding a sulfurizing agent to the rare-earth-element-free solution obtained in the rare earth crystallization step to separate zinc in the rare-earth- ...

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04-07-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECYCLING OF RARE EARTH AND ZIRCONIUM OXIDE MATERIALS

Номер: US20130171047A1
Принадлежит:

A method is presented for recovery, in reusable form, of rare earth minerals and zirconia from waste materials containing them. The method includes: mixing an ammonium sulfate powder and a powder containing the oxide waste material; heating the mixture to decompose the waste into a residue; dissolving the residue in water; separating rare earth constituents from the solution; and subsequently using the separated rare earth constituent (salt or solution) as a raw material. Moreover, the reactants used in the recovery may be recovered by appropriate precipitation and concentration operations. 1. A method for the recovery , in reusable form , of rare earth minerals from waste materials containing rare earth and zirconia , comprising:a. mixing an ammonium sulfate powder and a powder containing the oxide waste material;b. firing the mixture at a temperature sufficient to decompose a waste residue which is, to a large degree, soluble in an aqueous solution;c. dissolving the residue in water to obtain a solution that includes rare earth constituents in salt form;d. separating rare earth constituents from the solution using at least one separation method; ande. subsequently using a separated rare earth constituent as a raw material.2. The method according to wherein the waste materials include compounds selected from the group consisting of the oxides of scandium claim 1 , yttrium claim 1 , lanthanum claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , praseodymium claim 1 , neodymium claim 1 , samarium claim 1 , europium claim 1 , gadolinium claim 1 , terbium claim 1 , dysprosium claim 1 , erbium claim 1 , ytterbium and mixtures thereof with zirconia.3. The method according to wherein the waste materials are byproducts of processes selected from the group consisting of: thermal spray coating claim 1 , electron beam vapor deposition claim 1 , green machining of dental materials claim 1 , and cubic zirconium gem production.4. The method according to wherein the waste materials include coatings and ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

SEPARATION APPARATUS AND METHODS OF SEPARATING MAGNETIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20130199970A1
Автор: El-Fahmawi Bassam
Принадлежит:

A separation apparatus comprises a base defining a mounting surface with a length and a width. The separation apparatus further includes a pair of clamps configured for toolless operation. The pair of clamps are spaced apart from one another along the length of the mounting surface and configured to inhibit a movement of the sample plate relative to the mounting surface. In further examples, methods of separating a magnetic material within containment areas of a sample plate are provided including the step of clamping a first edge portion of the sample plate with the spring clip and clamping a second edge portion of the sample plate with a jaw mechanism. The method further includes the step of inverting the base together with the sample plate such that liquid drains from the containment areas while magnetic material remains in the containment areas under the influence of respective magnets. 1. A separation apparatus comprising:a base defining a mounting surface with a length and a width, the mounting surface facing an outward direction extending along a mounting axis of the base, the base including a first pair of stops configured to inhibit a movement of a sample plate relative to the mounting surface along the width of the mounting surface; anda pair of clamps configured for toolless operation, wherein the pair of clamps are spaced apart from one another along the length of the mounting surface and configured to inhibit movement of the sample plate relative to the mounting surface in the outward direction away from the mounting surface.2. The separation apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pair of clamps includes a spring clip configured to be biased to an engaged position to facilitate mounting of the sample plate relative to the mounting surface to inhibit movement of the sample plate relative to the mounting surface in the outward direction claim 1 , wherein the spring clip can be pivoted to a disengaged position without tools to facilitate movement of the sample ...

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08-08-2013 дата публикации

Magnetic Screen

Номер: US20130199984A1
Автор: Baker William John
Принадлежит:

A magnetic screen assembly (). The assembly () is to be located in a duct () to screen a flowable substance passing in a direction (). The assembly () has a screening position (A) so that the substance passes through the screen, and a cleaning position (B) at which the screen assembly () is spaced outwardly relative to the housing () to facilitate cleaning of the assembly (). 1. A screen including:a base;a plurality of magnetic bars mounted on the base so as to be supported thereby, the bars being generally parallel and transversely spaced so as to provide an aperture between each adjacent pair of bars, each aperture having a width that extends between the adjacent pair of bars; andwherein the bars are arranged in a first set and a second set, with at least two of the bars, of at least one of the sets, each being independently moveable relative to the base in a direction generally transverse of the bars to adjust the aperture size by altering said width.2. The screen of claim 1 , wherein each of the first set of bars and/or each of the second set of bars is mounted on the base each for independent movement relative to the bars.3. The screen of claim 1 , wherein the screen is adapted for flow of a substance through the screen in a predetermined direction generally normal to the bars claim 1 , with movement of the first and/or second set of bars being in said direction.4. The screen of claim 1 , wherein said base is a single support member claim 1 , with each of the bars supported by the support member.5. The screen of claim 4 , wherein the support member is a plate.6. The screen of claim 1 , wherein the base has a plurality of slots that provide for movement of the first and/or second set of bars relative to the base.7. The screen of claim 6 , wherein said slots are elongated in said direction.8. A magnetic screen assembly to be mounted in a duct along which a flowable substance is to pass so as to pass through the screen claim 6 , the assembly including:a base to ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

METHOD OF TRANSPORTING MAGNETIC PARTICLES

Номер: US20130206701A1
Принадлежит: Baden-Wuerttemberg Stiftung gGmbH

A method of transporting magnetic particles enables magnetic particles to be transported between a plurality of microfluidic chambers which are connected to one another via a fluidic connection on a radially inner side, and are fluidically separated from one another on a radially outer side. Magnetic forces and centrifugal forces are exploited to transport magnetic particles from one chamber to another across phase boundaries. 1. Method of transporting magnetic particles while using a device comprising:a rotational body configured for a rotation about an axis of rotation;a fluidics structure within the rotational body, said fluidics structure comprising at least first and second fluid chambers, the first and second fluid chambers comprising a fluidic connection in a portion which is located radially inward in relation to the axis of rotation, and being fluidically separated from each other in a portion which is located radially outward in relation to the axis of rotation; anda permanent magnet configured to exert, as a function of a positional relationship between the magnetic-force element and the fluidics structure, a magnetic force on magnetic particles arranged in the fluidics structure; anda drive configured to subject the rotational body to rotation about the axis of rotation, the positional relationship between the permanent magnet and the fluidics structure being adjustable as a result, in a first phase, arranging the first fluid chamber in relation to the permanent magnet in such a manner that, due to the magnetic force, the magnetic particles are transported from a liquid arranged in the radially outer portion of the first fluid chamber into the radially inner portion of the first fluid chamber;', 'in a second phase, changing the positional relationship between the fluidics structure and the permanent magnet by rotating the rotational body such that, due to the magnetic force, the magnetic particles are transported through the fluidic connection between ...

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15-08-2013 дата публикации

DYNAMIC FILTRATION SYSTEM AND ASSOCIATED METHODS

Номер: US20130209320A1
Автор: McAlister Roy Edward
Принадлежит: McAlister Technologies, LLC

Dynamic filtration systems and associated methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, for example, a filtration system can include a filter device having a body portion positioned between first and second end portions and a filter media in a cavity defined by the body portion. The filter media can be configured to filter a predetermined substance from a ferrofluid. The filter device can further include a coil at the body portion, a first magnetic plate proximate the first end portion and a second magnetic plate proximate the second end portion. The coil can generate a first magnetic field across the body portion, and the first and second magnetic plates interact to form a second magnetic field across the body portion. The first and second magnetic fields can be configured to drive filtration of the ferrofluid. 1. A filtration system , comprising:an inlet;an outlet; and means for inducing an electromagnetic field across the filter device,', 'means for generating a permanent magnetic field across the filter device, wherein the electromagnetic field and the permanent magnetic field are configured to drive filtration of ferrofluids, and', 'a filter media loaded within the filter device and configured to remove substances from ferrofluids., 'a filter device between the inlet and the outlet, wherein the filter device comprises—'}2. The filtration system of wherein the filter device further comprises:a housing having a body portion between a first end portion and a second end portion;a first magnetic plate at the first end portion; anda second magnetic plate at the second end portion, wherein the first and second magnetic plates are configured to generate the permanent magnetic field across the body portion of the housing.3. The filtration system of wherein the filter device further comprises:a housing having a body portion between a first end portion and a second end portion;a coil at the body portion and configured to induce the electromagnetic field across the body ...

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22-08-2013 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PARALLEL SOLUTION EXTRACTION OF ONE OR MORE METAL VALUES FROM METAL-BEARING MATERIALS

Номер: US20130213820A1
Принадлежит: FREEPORT-MCMORAN CORPORATION

The present disclosure relates to a process and system for recovery of one or more metal values using solution extraction techniques and to a system for metal value recovery. In an exemplary embodiment, the solution extraction system comprises a first solution extraction circuit and a second solution extraction circuit. A first metal-bearing solution is provided to the first and second circuit, and a second metal-bearing solution is provided to the first circuit. The first circuit produces a first rich electrolyte solution, which can be forwarded to primary metal value recovery, and a low-grade raffinate, which is forwarded to secondary metal value recovery. The second circuit produces a second rich electrolyte solution, which is also forwarded to primary metal value recovery. The first and second solution extraction circuits have independent organic phases and each circuit can operate independently of the other circuit. 1. A process comprising:feeding a first metal-bearing solution to a first solution extraction circuit and a second solution extraction circuit;feeding a second metal-bearing solution to the first solution extraction circuit; andproducing an aqueous raffinate from the first solution extraction circuit.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first metal-bearing solution is a high-grade pregnant leach solution.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second metal-bearing solution is a low-grade pregnant leach solution.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first metal-bearing solution and second metal-bearing solution comprise copper.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first solution extraction circuit produces a first rich electrolyte solution.6. The process of claim 3 , wherein the aqueous raffinate is produced from an extractor of the first solution extraction circuit.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the aqueous raffinate is low-grade raffinate.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the low-grade raffinate comprises a secondary metal value.9. ...

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12-09-2013 дата публикации

MODULARIZED MAGNET SEPARATION UNIT

Номер: US20130233773A1
Принадлежит: Longi Magnet Co., Ltd.

A modular magnetic separation apparatus set has a processing capacity increased by increasing the number of the unit modules of the magnetic separation apparatus set, being suitable for all enrichment processes of magnetic minerals. One modular unit is defined with a separation wheel and its two neighboring magnet-concentration cores and two corresponding excitation coils and a charging hopper and a discharging hopper of magnetic materials, each unit being combined of multiple identical modular units. The modular magnetic separation apparatus solves the conflicts between the transportation of apparatus after the enlargement and the height and width restrictions on general roads, including more reasonable conditions for separate transportation. 1. A modular magnetic separation apparatus , comprising:excitation coils, magnet-concentration cores, separation wheels, a magnetic materials collecting hopper, a non-magnetic material discharging hopper, a material oscillator, a wheel water-washing device, a support, a wheel driving device, a material flow separation duct, a magnetic material gathering hopper and a charging hopper;wherein the excitation coils revolve around the outside of magnet-concentration cores, the separation wheels being located between the two pole heads of the magnet-concentration cores, the magnetic materials collecting hopper being located between the magnetic separation wheels and the excitation coils, the non-magnetic material discharging hopper being located under the magnetic separation wheels and the magnet-concentration cores, the material oscillator being located on one side of the non-magnetic material discharging hopper, the wheel water-washing device being located on top of the magnetic separation wheels, the magnetic separation wheels being connected with the wheel driving device and fixed on one side of the magnet-concentration cores, andwherein the material flow separation duct is installed at the mineral materials charging position, ...

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19-09-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CLASSIFYING ARTICLES AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING A MAGNETOCALORICALLY ACTIVE WORKING COMPONENT FOR MAGNETIC HEAT EXCHANGE

Номер: US20130243637A1
Автор: Katter Matthias
Принадлежит: Vacuumschmelze GmbH & Co. KG

A method for classifying articles comprising magnetocalorically active material according to magnetic transition temperature comprises providing a source of articles to be classified, the source comprising articles comprising magnetocalorically active materials having differing magnetic transition temperatures, sequentially applying a magnetic field at differing temperatures to the source, the magnetic field being sufficient to exert a magnetic force on the source that is greater than the inertia of a fraction of the articles causing the fraction of the articles to move and produce an article fraction, and collecting the article fraction at each temperature to provide a plurality of separate article fractions of differing magnetic transition temperature, thus classifying the articles comprising magnetocalorically active material according to magnetic transition temperature. 1. A method for classifying articles comprising magnetocalorically active material according to magnetic transition temperature , comprising:providing a source of articles to be classified, the source comprising articles comprising magnetocalorically active materials having differing magnetic transition temperatures;sequentially applying a magnetic field at differing temperatures to the source, the magnetic field being sufficient to exert a magnetic force on the source that is greater than the inertia of a fraction of the articles causing the fraction of the articles to move and thereby produce an article fraction for each temperature at which a magnetic field is applied, andcollecting the article fraction at each temperature at which a magnetic field is applied to provide a plurality of separate article fractions of differing magnetic transition temperature, thereby classifying the articles comprising magnetocalorically active material according to magnetic transition temperature.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sequential applying a magnetic field at differing temperatures to ...

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26-09-2013 дата публикации

Methods Of Metal Extraction Using Oximes

Номер: US20130247718A1
Принадлежит: Cognis IP Management GmbH

Provided are methods method of recovering metal from an aqueous solution, the method comprising contacting an aqueous solution containing at least two metals selected from molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, zinc and iron with an organic solvent and an oxime-containing reagent composition at a predetermined pH, the predetermined pH selected to provide a high first metal extraction and a low second metal extraction; and separating the first metal from the solution. 6. The method of wherein the ketoxime and aldoxime are present in a molar ratio of ketoxime to aldoxime ranging from about 85:15 to about 25:75.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the ketoxime and aldoxime are present in a molar ratio of ketoxime to aldoxime is about 70:30.8. The method of wherein the ketoxime and aldoxime are present in a molar ratio of ketoxime to aldoxime ranging from about 85:15 to about 25:75.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the ketoxime and aldoxime are present in a molar ratio of ketoxime to aldoxime is about 70:30.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined pH ranges from 1 to 7.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH is adjusted using sulfuric acid or aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution. This application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/401,939, filed Feb. 22, 2012, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent application No. 61/446,878, filed on Feb. 25, 2011, the contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.The present invention relates generally to the field of extractive metallurgy. In particular, the present invention relates to metal solvent extraction methods and reagents.Copper and its metal alloys have been used for thousands of years. The importance of copper, as well as a variety of other metals, has led to a continuing search for more efficient and productive procurement methods. One method of copper extraction is a process of leaching, coupled together with solvent extraction, and finally copper ...

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26-09-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR CONCENTRATION OF PARTICLES IN A LIQUID

Номер: US20130248453A1
Автор: Allier Cédric
Принадлежит: COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE

A device concentrating particles in a liquid. The device includes a magnet facing a side wall of a receptacle, free to move vertically to progressively reduce volume facing it, in which magnetic balls carrying the particles of interest accumulate, so as to concentrate these particles. 112-. (canceled)13. A method of concentrating particles in a liquid , comprising:adding a first liquid in a receptacle, the first liquid comprising magnetic balls bonded to particles;attracting the magnetic balls using a first magnet, activated in a first position, outside the receptacle and facing a wall of the receptacle, the first liquid flowing along the wall;drawing off all or part of the first liquid outside the receptacle, the magnetic balls being held in place on the wall of the receptacle facing the first activated magnet;resuspending the balls in a second liquid releasing attraction by the first magnet;attracting the balls by a second magnet activated in a second position outside the receptacle, facing a wall of the receptacle;wherein when the second magnet is activated in the second position, a surface area of the magnet facing the receptacle wall is less than a surface area of the magnet facing the receptacle wall when the first magnet is activated in the first position.14. A method according to claim 13 , wherein the second magnet and the first magnet are a single magnet.15. A method according to claim 14 , wherein the second position corresponds to a rotation or a translation of the magnet from the first position.16. A method according to claim 13 , wherein when the balls are put back into suspension claim 13 , the second liquid extends along the wall facing the first magnet when the first magnet is activated in the first position.1712. A method according to claim claim 13 , further comprising:drawing off all or part of the second liquid; andputting the balls back into suspension in a third liquid, the third liquid extending along the wall facing the second magnet when ...

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03-10-2013 дата публикации

Apparatus for Separating Magnetic Particles from Liquids Containing said Particles, and an Array of Vessels Suitable for use with such an Apparatus

Номер: US20130256205A1
Принадлежит: ROCHE MOLECULAR SYSTEMS, INC.

An apparatus for separating magnetic particles from a liquid which contains said particles, said liquid being contained in an elongated vessel () having a length axis (), said vessel being arranged in a vessel holder () with its length axis () in a substantially vertical position, said vessel () having a bottom and a tapered cross-section that diminishes towards the bottom of the vessel and a side wall () which has an outer surface which forms an angle with the length axis () of said vessel (). This apparatus comprises a magnet () having a plane outer surface () and being adapted for being moved by transport means () along a motion path (), said magnet () and said transport means () being so arranged with respect to said vessel () that over a portion of said motion path () said plane outer surface () of said magnet is in contact with a portion of said outer surface of said side wall () of said vessel (), and transport means () for moving said magnet () between a first predetermined position and a second predetermined position along said motion path (). 115-. (canceled)16. An apparatus for separating magnetic particles from a liquid which contains said particles , said apparatus comprising:{'b': 11', '12', '13', '12', '11', '14', '12', '11, '(a) an elongated vessel which contains said elongated vessel () having a length axis () and a bottom, said vessel being arranged in a vessel holder () with its length axis () in a substantially vertical position, said vessel () having a lower portion which has a tapered cross-section that diminishes towards the bottom of the vessel and a side wall () which has an outer surface which forms an angle with the length axis () of said vessel (),'}{'b': 15', '16', '17', '25', '15', '17', '11', '25', '16', '14', '11, '(b) a magnet () having a plane outer surface () and being adapted for being moved by transport means () along a motion path (), said magnet () and said transport means () being so arranged with respect to said vessel () ...

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10-10-2013 дата публикации

Magnet Recycling

Номер: US20130263699A1
Принадлежит: UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM

The present invention discloses a method for recovering rare earth particulate material from an assembly comprising a rare earth magnet and comprises the steps of exposing the assembly to hydrogen gas to effect hydrogen decrepitation of the rare earth magnet to produce a rare earth particulate material, and separating the rare earth particulate material from the rest of the assembly. The invention also resides in an apparatus for separating rare earth particulate material from an assembly comprising a rare earth magnet. The apparatus comprises a reaction vessel having an opening which can be closed to form a gas-tight seal, a separator for separating the rare earth particulate material from the assembly, and a collector for collecting the rare earth particulate material. The reaction vessel is connected to a vacuum pump and a gas control system, and the gas control system controls the supply of hydrogen gas to the reaction vessel.

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17-10-2013 дата публикации

Precipitation of Antimony and Bismuth from Copper Refinery Electrolyte Using PbO2

Номер: US20130272932A1
Принадлежит:

The invention is suitable for use in metal and nonmetal mining and in general, in any area of operation containing Sb and Bi in solution in an electrolyte based mainly on sulfuric acid. The system consists in contacting solid lead dioxide (PbO), which can be activated superficially with an oxidizing agent, for example hydrogen peroxide (HO), to increase its reactivity, with an acid electrolyte that contains Sb and Bi in solution, with the purpose of causing a decrease in the content of soluble Sb and Bi present in the liquid phase, forming insoluble compounds based on Pb—Sb and Pb—Bi. With this invention the presence of Sb and Bi in solution is reduced by at least 70%. 1. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte CHARACTERIZED because it comprises putting in contact lead dioxide with an acid electrolyte that contains antimony and bismuth in solution , yielding insoluble compounds based on Pb—Sb and Pb—Bi.2. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED because the lead dioxide is in the form of particles.3. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte according to claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED because the lead dioxide can or cannot be previously activated superficially with an oxidizing agent claim 1 , for example hydrogen peroxide (HO) claim 1 , to improve its extraction capacity.4. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte according to CHARACTERIZED by the formation of insoluble Pb—Sb based compounds and Pb—Bi compounds.5. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte according to CHARACTERIZED by allowing the reuse of the particulate system for the precipitation of antimony more than two times.6. A method for decreasing the content of soluble antimony and bismuth in an electrolyte according to and claim 1 , CHARACTERIZED by ...

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24-10-2013 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Preventing Scale Deposits and Removing Contaminants from Fluid Columns

Номер: US20130277313A1
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus of fluid treatment for a plurality of fluids with a first and a second non-magnetically conductive fluid flow conduit sleeved within at least one segment of magnetically conductive conduit providing a plurality of distinct areas of concentrated magnetic energy. The instant invention prevents the formation and accumulation of contaminants within conduits and on equipment utilized in the transportation, delivery and processing of fluid columns. It may also be utilized to accelerate the separation of oil and water and increase the efficiency of oil/water separation equipment. 1. A method of fluid treatment , comprising the steps of:(a) establishing a flow of a fluid to be treated along a path extending through a fluid entry port at the proximal end of a magnetically conductive conduit, wherein at least a section of an outer surface of the magnetically conductive conduit is sleeved with at least one coil core; and(b) establishing a magnetic field having lines of flux directed along the flow path of the fluid and concentrated in a plurality of distinct areas along the longitudinal axis of the magnetically energized conduit.2. The method of further comprising the step of directing the fluid to pass through at least one non-magnetically conductive fluid flow conduit to promote the flow of a fluid through the magnetically conductive conduit.3. The method of further comprising the step of dispersing at least one fluid treatment chemical into the fluid.4. The method of further comprising the step of directing the fluid through at least one contaminant separation process.5. The method of further comprising the step of directing the fluid through at least one fluid flow conditioning process.6. A method of fluid treatment claim 1 , comprising the steps of:(a) establishing a flow of a fluid to be treated along a path extending through a magnetically conductive conduit, wherein at least a section of an outer surface of the magnetically conductive conduit is ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

ADDITIVE FOR LIQUID HYDROCARBON FUEL FUELED IN FIRED BURNERS OR OPEN FLAMES

Номер: US20130283676A1

A fuel additive for hydrocarbon fuel that is fueled in fired burners and open flames for enhancing fuel storage, for enhancing fuel combustion by increasing fuel efficiency, and/or for reducing undesirable emissions, such as pollutants, includes an inorganic metal oxide, a metal carboxylate, an acid, and an organic dispersion fluid. 1. A fuel additive composition for liquid hydrocarbon fuel fueled in fired burners or open flames comprising:an inorganic metal oxide;a metal carboxylate;an acid; andan organic dispersion fluid.2. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein comprises from 30% to 40% by weight of said inorganic metal oxide claim 1 , preferably form 33% to 38% by weight of said inorganic metal oxide.3. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein comprises from 10% to 20% by weight of said metal carboxylate claim 1 , preferably from 13% to 17% by weight of said metal carboxylate.4. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein comprises from 1% to 10% by weight of said add claim 1 , preferably from 3% to 7% by weight of said add.5. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein comprises from 10% to 20% by weight of said organic dispersion fluid claim 1 , preferably from 13% to 17% by weight of said organic dispersion fluid claim 1 ,6. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein said inorganic metal oxide is selected from a group consisting of magnesium oxide claim 1 , iron oxide claim 1 , copper oxide claim 1 , cobalt oxide claim 1 , ruthenium oxide claim 1 , osmium oxide claim 1 , palladium oxide claim 1 , and combinations thereof.7. The fuel additive composition of the claim 6 , wherein said inorganic metal oxide is magnesium oxide.8. The fuel additive composition of the claim 1 , wherein said metal carboxylate is selected from a group consisting of manganese octoate claim 1 , cobalt octoate claim 1 , zirconium octoate claim 1 , calcium octoate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.9. The fuel additive ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR EXTRACTION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

Номер: US20130283977A1
Принадлежит:

A process for the extraction of rare earth elements, including yttrium, from a rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate, comprising the steps of leaching the rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate with a lixiviant of hydrochloric acid and magnesium chloride at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of from 90° C. to the boiling point of the solution and at an Eh of at least 200 mV. After a liquid/solids separation step, the solution obtained is subjected to steps for removal of iron and for recovery of rare earth elements. Alternatively, rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate may be leached with sulphuric acid and liquid obtained subjected to extraction of iron and other impurities. Raffinate obtained may be treated with oxalic acid, the precipitate dissolved in hydrochloric acid and subjected to solvent extraction for rare earth elements or the raffinate may be subjected to solvent extraction for removal of rare earth elements and then stripped with hydrochloric acid. 1. A process for the extraction of at least one rare earth element from a rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate , comprising the steps of:a) leaching the rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate with a lixiviant of hydrochloric acid and magnesium chloride at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of from 90° C. to the boiling point of the solution and an Eh of at least 200 mV; andb) subjecting the leach solution so obtained to a liquid/solids separation step.2. The process of in which liquid from step b) is subjected to steps for recovery of at least one rare earth element or yttrium.3. The process of in which the Eh is at least 400 mV.4. The process of in which the rare earth element is selected from at least one rare earth element of atomic number 57-71.5. The process of in which yttrium is recovered.6. A process for the extraction of at least one rare earth element from a rare earth element-bearing ore or concentrate claim 1 , comprising the steps of:a) leaching the ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITION FOR COLLECTING METAL COMPONENT

Номер: US20130283978A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a composition for collecting a metal component from a metal component-containing material, the composition containing a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of lanthanoid elements and elements in group 2 of the periodic table, and a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements in groups 3, 4, 12, and 13 of the periodic table and transition metal elements in the 4th period of the periodic table. The present invention further provides a method for collecting a metal component using this composition. With the use of the composition of the present invention, a metal component can be easily and efficiently collected from a material containing a highly useful metal component such as noble or rare metal. 1. A method for collecting one or more metal components from a metal component-containing material , the method comprising heating the metal component-containing material and a composition comprising a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of lanthanoid elements and elements in group 2 of the periodic table and a compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of elements in groups 3 , 4 , 12 , and 13 of the periodic table and transition metal elements in the 4th period of the periodic table in such a manner that a metal vapor or metal oxide vapor produced by heating the metal component-containing material is brought into contact with the composition.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal component-containing material and the composition are placed together in one container and heated.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal component-containing material is a noble or rare metal component-containing waste material.4. A method for recovering metal claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'collecting one or more metal components by the ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Separating Metal Values

Номер: US20130284643A1
Автор: Birken Stephen
Принадлежит:

Methods and apparatuses for separating metal values, such as nickel and nickel compounds, from mineral ores, including lateritic ores are disclosed. The method includes providing a mixture of particles (e.g., crushed and sized ore) that is composed of at least a first group of particles and a second group of particles. Group members have similar chemical composition, while particles belonging to different groups have dissimilar chemical compositions. The mixture of particles is concurrently, or generally concurrently, heated (using microwave/millimeter wave energy) and exposed to a reactant. The wave energy and the reactant act to increase the difference in either the magnetic susceptibility or other separation properties between the first and second group of particles. The mixture of particles is then passed through an appropriate separator to separate the particles of interest. Optional steps are disclosed for purifying selected particles. The reactant includes sulfur, sulfur compounds, halogens, or halogen compounds. 137-. (canceled)38. An apparatus that separates a mixture of particles , the mixture comprised of at least a first group of particles and a second group of particles , the first group of particles having a different chemical composition than the second group of particles , wherein the mixture of particles is a lateritic ore , the apparatus comprising:a wave energy generator that exposes the mixture of particles to millimeter wave energy in order to difference heat the first and second group of particles, thereby increasing the difference in magnetic susceptibility between the first and second group of particles; anda magnetic separator that exposes the mixture of particles to a magnetic field gradient, the magnetic field gradient causing the particles to separate into first and second fractions, the first fraction having a greater percentage of the first group of particles than the mixture, and the second fraction having a greater percentage of the ...

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31-10-2013 дата публикации

Recovery of Rare Earth Elements and Compounds from Coal Ash

Номер: US20130287653A1
Принадлежит:

Rare earth elements are recovered from coal ash. The coal ash with rare earth elements can be treated with a mineral acid to form an aqueous mineral acid solution. The aqueous mineral acid solution can be extracted to form an organic solution that includes the rare earth salts. The organic solution can be mixed with water to form an aqueous solution that includes the rare earth salts. The rare earth elements are separated from the aqueous solution. 1. A method of recovering rare earth elements from coal ash , the method comprising:treating coal ash that includes rare earth elements with a mineral acid to form an aqueous mineral acid solution;extracting the aqueous mineral acid solution to form an organic solution that includes the rare earth salts;mixing the organic solution with water to form an aqueous solution that includes the rare earth salts; andseparating the rare earth elements from the aqueous solution.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mineral acid is nitric acid.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein treating the coal ash further comprises:heating the mineral acid to approximately 90° C.; andexposing the coal ash to the mineral acid for at least one hour.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein exposing the coal ash further comprises additional heating of a resulting solution formed when exposing the coal ash to the mineral acid to generate a more concentrated mixture.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the extracting the aqueous mineral acid solution further comprises:mixing the aqueous mineral acid solution with tributyl phosphate and kerosene; andremoving the organic solution from the aqueous mineral acid solution such that the rare earth salts are substantially removed along with the organic solution .6. The method of claim 1 , wherein extracting the aqueous mineral acid solution further comprises performing a dry extraction claim 1 , a liquid extraction claim 1 , or any combination thereof.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the dry extraction is a Soxhlet ...

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07-11-2013 дата публикации

Magnetic separator

Номер: US20130292306A1
Принадлежит:

A magnetic separator comprising a vibratory conveyor for vibratorily flowing non-ferrous articles and articles containing ferrous material within the magnetic field of a transverse extending magnet to magnetically capture the articles containing the ferrous material while allowing the non-ferrous articles to flow therepast. The magnet is periodically retractable to remove ferrous articles magnetically adhered thereto. The use of a set of transverse extending magnets enables a continuous on-the-go separation of articles containing ferrous material from non-ferrous articles without having to shut down the vibratory conveyor. 118-. (canceled)19. A method of separating articles containing ferrous materials from articles containing non-ferrous materials comprising the steps of:placing a batch of articles containing ferrous materials and non-ferrous materials on a vibratory support;placing a magnetic member transverse to a vibratory flow of the batch of articles;vibrating the vibratory support to bring the batch of articles deeper into a magnetic field of the magnetic member; andmagnetically capturing the articles containing ferrous materials on the magnetic member as the ferrous articles vibratory flow past the magnet while the articles containing nonferrous materials bypass the magnetic member.20. The method of including the step of removing a magnetically captured article containing ferrous materials from the magnetic member when the magnetic member is located outside of the vibratory flow of the batch of articles.21. The method of including the step of placing a set of vibratory trays in series and placing a set of magnetic members transverse to the vibratory flow of the batch of articles from tray to tray and removing the articles containing a ferrous material from one of the set of magnetic members while maintaining the remaining magnetic members of the set of magnetic members in a magnetic grasping position to thereby allow the articles containing ferrous materials ...

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14-11-2013 дата публикации

Compositions And Methods Of Using A Ketoxime In A Metal Solvent Extraction Reagent

Номер: US20130302225A1
Принадлежит: Cognis IP Management GmbH

Provided are methods using a ketoxime in metal extraction. One aspect of the invention relates to a method for the recovery of metal from a metal-containing aqueous solution at an elevated temperature using a ketoxime. Another aspect relates to a method of separating iron/copper using a specific ketoxime. Aldoximes may also be added to the reagent compositions used in these methods.

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21-11-2013 дата публикации

RARE EARTH RECOVERY FROM PHOSPHOR

Номер: US20130309150A1
Автор: Thakur Narayan V.
Принадлежит: REENEWAL CORPORATION

A method is described to produce high purity rare earth oxides of the elements La, Ce, Tb, Eu and Y from phosphor, such as waste phosphor powders originating in various consumer products. One approach involves leaching the powder in two stages and converting to two groups of relatively high purity mixed rare earth oxides. The first group containing Eu and Y is initially separated by solvent extraction. Once separated, Eu is purified using Zn reduction with custom apparatus. Y is purified by running another solvent extraction process using tricaprylmethylammonium chloride. Ce is separated from the second group of oxides, containing La, Ce and Tb by using solvent extraction. Subsequently, La and Tb are separated from each other and converted to pure oxides by using solvent extraction processes. A one-stage leaching process, wherein all rare earths get leached into the solution and subsequently processed, is also described. 1. A method for recovery of a rare earth constituent from a phosphor , the method comprising:leaching a rare earth constituent from a phosphor with a strong acid lixiviant to form a rare earth leachate solution;adjusting the rare earth leachate solution to a pH preferential to the precipitation of rare earth oxalates relative to other metal oxalates, and then precipitating the rare earth constituent from the rare earth leachate solution as one or more rare earth oxalates; andconverting the one or more rare earth oxalates to one or more rare earth oxides.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more rare earth oxides is greater than 99% pure.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phosphor is a powder derived from phosphor waste.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pH of the rare earth leachate solution is adjusted to about 2.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the strong acid lixiviant is HSO.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth constituent comprises compounds comprising a rare earth element selected from the group consisting of La ...

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12-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATION OF MIXTURE

Номер: US20130327684A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus capable of continuously and accurately separating, by type, a mixture containing at least two types of particles, or capable of separating specific particles from the mixture, using a gradient magnetic field. In the present invention, a mixture containing at least two types of particles, particles of one type of which are made of a paramagnetic or diamagnetic substance, is treated. A magnetic field whose magnetic field gradient has a vertical component and a horizontal component is applied to a supporting liquid stored in a separating tank When the mixture is placed into the supporting liquid the particles of the one type are guided such that they are positioned in the supporting liquid at a predetermined height from a bottom face of the separating tank while horizontally traveling. Alternatively, the particles of the one type magnetically levitate at a liquid surface of the supporting liquid and horizontally travel. Particles of another type of the at least two types of particles are positioned at a position vertically different from that of the particles of the one type, between the bottom face of the separating tank and the liquid surface of the supporting liquid 1. A mixture separating method for separating , by type , a mixture containing at least two types of particles made of different substances using the magneto-Archimedes effect , or for separating particles of a specific type from the mixture using the magneto-Archimedes effect ,particles of one type of the at least two types of particles being made of a paramagnetic or diamagnetic substance, and the particles of the one type having a density and a volume susceptibility different from a density and a volume susceptibility of particles of another type of the at least two types of particles, a step of applying a magnetic field whose magnetic field gradient has a vertical component and a horizontal component to a supporting liquid stored in a ...

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12-12-2013 дата публикации

Magnet Configurations For Improved Separations Of Magnetic And Non-Magnetic Materials

Номер: US20130327695A1
Принадлежит: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Magnet configuration. The configuration includes a magnet holder and at least one elongate magnet extending from the magnet holder so that less than one half of the magnet length extends from the holder, whereby a magnetic fluid adjacent the elongate magnet is attracted toward a top edge of the elongate magnet for subsequent removal. 1. Magnet configuration comprising:a magnet holder; andat least one elongate magnet extending from the magnet holder so that less than one-half of the magnet length extends from the holder;whereby magnetic fluid adjacent the elongate magnet is attracted toward a top edge of the elongate magnet for subsequent removal.2. The magnet configuration of further including a covering over the magnet portion extending from the magnet holder.3. The magnet configuration of wherein the at least one elongate magnet is an array of a plurality of elongate magnets.4. The magnet configuration of wherein the elongate magnets are curved.5. The magnet of configuration of wherein there are four curved magnets with ends facing one another.6. The magnet configuration of further including a Halbach array of magnets having one-sided magnetic flux located proximate the at least one elongate magnet.7. The magnet configuration of wherein the Halbach array comprises a plurality of cubic-shaped permanent magnets.8. The magnetic configuration of wherein the magnet holder rests in a vessel for receiving a fluid for separation. This application claims priority to provisional application Ser. No. 61,657,274 filed on Jun. 8, 2012, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.This invention relates to magnet configurations to improve separations of magnetic and non-magnetic materials, using non-uniform magnetic fields generated by the edges of permanent magnets or electromagnets.Magnetic separation of magnetic liquid phase/particles from non-magnetic liquid phase/particles is needed for such applications as cleaning up oil spills by ...

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19-12-2013 дата публикации

Apparatus for resource-friendly separation of magnetic particles from non-magnetic particles

Номер: US20130334107A1
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles, comprising at least one loop-like canal forming 90 to 350° of a circular arc through which the dispersion flows, at least one magnet that is movable alongside the canal and which forces the magnetic particles into at least one first outlet, and at least one second outlet through which the non-magnetic particles are forced, wherein the apparatus further comprises at least one first means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophilic liquid and at least one second means for treating the dispersion or a part of the dispersion with a hydrophobic liquid. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of the apparatus according to the present invention for separating magnetic particles from a dispersion, comprising these magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles.

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19-12-2013 дата публикации

System and method for rare earths extraction

Номер: US20130336856A1
Принадлежит: Vale SA

It is described a method for recovering rare earth elements from low grade ores including a first metal selected group containing at least one of iron and aluminum and a second metal selected from the group consisting of at least of the rare earth elements (lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, yttrium and scandium), the method comprising the steps of: (i) contacting the ore with sulfuric acid to obtain sulfates of the first group of metals, (ii) subjecting the mixture to high temperatures in order to convert the first group of sulfates into phosphates or other stable species and the second group into sulfates, (iii) adding water to the cool mixture, selectively dissolving the rare earth elements and (iv) subjecting the rare earth solution to a purification process.

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26-12-2013 дата публикации

Particulate Materials for Uranium Extraction and Related Processes

Номер: US20130343969A1
Принадлежит:

Extraction method for recovering metals. Phosphoric acid is contacted with an extractant suspension of solid particulate material comprising a para- or ferromagnetic material core surrounded by an outer shell of a chelating polymer whereby a metal is the solution is adsorbed on the chelating polymer, thereby removing it from the phosphoric acid solution. The metal-containing solid particulate material is magnetically separated from the solution and the metal is stripped from the solid particulate material for reuse. 1. Extraction method for removing metals from an aqueous acid solution , comprising:contacting the aqueous acid solution with an extractant suspension of solid particulate material comprising a para- or ferromagnetic material core surrounded by an outer shell of a chelating polymer whereby a metal in the solution is bound to the chelated polymer, thereby removing it from the acid solution; andmagnetically separating the metal-containing solid particulate material from the solution and stripping the metal from the solid particulate material in a magnetic separation column.2. The method of wherein the metal is uranium.3. The method of wherein the metal is a rare earth metal.4. The method of wherein the metal is a lanthanide.5. The method of wherein the metal is an actinide.6. The method of further including using a stripping solution to produce an alkali form of the metal.7. The method of further including treating the stripping solution to neutralize the alkali to produce an acidic metal solution.8. The method of further including reacting the acidic metal solution with hydrogen peroxide to precipitate a metal peroxide salt.9. The method of further including thickening claim 8 , washing claim 8 , drying and calcining the metal peroxide salt to produce the metal.10. The method of wherein the core is selected from the group consisting of chromium dioxide claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , and amine-stabilized cobalt.11. The method of wherein the outer shell of ...

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26-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR TREATING LIQUID EFFLUENTS AND RECOVERING METALS

Номер: US20130343972A1
Принадлежит: VALE S.A.

A method for treating liquid effluents and recovering metals is described, which comprises the steps of: a) liquid effluent equalization; b) sulphide addition and precipitation of metals in the form of metal sulphides; c) solid/liquid separation of the metal sulphides produced in step (b) and formation of a metal-free liquid phase; d) addition of a 50 to 250 g/L amine solution to the liquid phase precipitating magnesium in the form of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2); and e) recovery of amine by stripping and rectification. 1. A process for treating liquid effluents and recovering metals , comprising the steps of:a) equalizing a liquid effluent;b) adding sulfides and metal precipitation in the form of metal sulfides;c) separating solid/liquid from the metal sulfides obtained in step (b) and forming a liquid phase free of metals;d) adding amine solution in the ratio of 50 to 250 g/L to the liquid phase with magnesium precipitation in the form of magnesium hydroxide —Mg(OH)2; ande) recovering the amine by depletion and rectification.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein in step (d) adding the amine solution to the liquid phase occurs at a temperature of 25 to 70° C. claim 1 , solid content of 1 to 10% p/p claim 1 , residence time of 0.5 to 2 hours and recycle ratio of slurry of 5 to 40:1.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein in step (d) the amine added comes from currents of recovered amine and replacement amine.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein after step (d) and before step (e) a slurry of magnesium hydroxide precipitate is conducted to a thickener.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein magnesium hydroxide is withdrawn from the thickener claim 4 , transferred to a solid/liquid separator and washed with water.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the washed magnesium hydroxide is subject to a step of drying and calcination forming magnesia.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein in step (e) claim 1 , the amine depletion is done by heating by low pressure steam claim 1 , preferably ...

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16-01-2014 дата публикации

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR SYSTEM

Номер: US20140014560A1
Принадлежит:

A magnetic separator system includes a lower conveyor adapted to convey comingled materials to be separated and an upper conveyor disposed above the lower conveyor. The magnetic separator system also includes at least one magnet extending along a length of the upper conveyor to transfer metallic materials from the comingled materials to the upper conveyor. The magnetic separator system further includes an oscillator for moving along the at least one magnet in a reversing motion across a width of the upper conveyor causing the metallic materials to flip over and over and enabling non-metallic materials entrapped with the metallic materials to become separated from the metallic materials and fall to the lower conveyor. 1. A magnetic separator system comprising:a lower conveyor adapted to convey comingled materials to be separated;an upper conveyor disposed above said lower conveyor;at least one magnet extending along a length of said upper conveyor to transfer metallic materials from the comingled materials to said upper conveyor; andan oscillator for moving along said at least one magnet in a reversing motion across a width of said upper conveyor causing the metallic materials to flip over and over and enabling non-metallic materials entrapped with the metallic materials to become separated from the metallic materials and fall to said lower conveyor.2. A magnetic separator system as set forth in wherein said oscillator comprises an oscillating magnet and an oscillator drive system for moving said oscillating magnet in a reversing motion laterally back and forth across the width of said upper conveyor.3. A magnetic separator system as set forth in wherein said oscillating magnet includes a plurality of magnetic bars extending longitudinally and spaced laterally.4. A magnetic separator system as set forth in wherein said oscillating magnet includes at least one row of said magnetic bars.5. A magnetic separator system as set forth in wherein said oscillating drive ...

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23-01-2014 дата публикации

NON-LINEAR MAGNETOPHORETIC SEPARATION DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20140021105A1
Принадлежит:

A flow enhanced method and system for flow non-linear magnetophoresis (F-NLM) is described. By tuning an external field frequency and the flow rate the migration velocities of different bead types may be caused to differ by several orders of magnitude over an extended range of frequencies to allow for separation of particles. Use of such efficiency in separation in bio-separation and similar assays is described. 1. A magnetophoresis chip assembly device for use in separating first and second particle types provided within a sample , the device comprising:an inlet for introduction of a flowing sample,a flow path in fluid communication with the inlet such that the sample, once introduced, travels in the flow path in a first direction through the device, the flow path comprising first and second fluid paths located side by side and in fluid communication with one another,a magnetic array provided proximal to the first fluid path such that particles within the sample operably experience an induced magnetic field causing a retention of particles of a first type within the first fluid path, particles of a second type being operably transported to the second fluid path thereby effecting a separation of the first and second particle types.2. A device as claimed in configured such that operably the particles of the second type are transported to the second fluid path in a direction substantially perpendicular to the flow path.3. A device as claimed in configured for use with an external rotating magnetic field claim 1 , and wherein operably the induced magnetic field is a combination of a response of the particles to both the magnetic array and the external rotating magnetic field.4. A device as claimed in wherein the second fluid path defines a non-magnetic flow channel through the device.5. A device as claimed in comprising a second magnetic array provided proximal to the second fluid path.6. A device as claimed in wherein operably the magnetic field induced by the first ...

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23-01-2014 дата публикации

METHOD OF RECOVERING RARE EARTHS FROM A SOLID MIXTURE CONTAINING A HALOPHOSPHATE AND A RARE EARTH COMPOUND AND SOLID MIXTURES SUITABLE FOR THIS METHOD

Номер: US20140023571A1
Принадлежит: Rhodia Operations

An acid treatment, in a liquid medium, of a solid containing a halophosphate and a rare earth compound is described. Further described, is the addition of a base to the medium obtained previously and separation of a solid phase from a liquid phase; mixing and calcination of the solid obtained previously with an alkaline solid compound; redispersing the calcined product in water, separation of the solid product from the suspension obtained in the preceding step; dispersing this solid in water and acidification of the dispersion and separation of the solid from this dispersion. 1. A method of recovering rare earths from a solid mixture containing at least one halophosphate and at least one compound of one or more rare earths , the method comprising the following steps:(a) carrying out acid treatment of said mixture in a liquid medium;(b) putting a base and the medium obtained after step (a) together so as to raise the pH of said medium to a value of at least 1.5, thus obtaining a first solid phase comprising one or more rare earths at least partly in the form of a phosphate and a first liquid phase comprising at least one alkaline-earth element of halophosphate and wherein the first solid phase is separated from the first liquid phase;(c) mixing the solid from step (b) with an alkaline solid compound and calcining the resultant mixture;(d) redispersing the calcined product from the preceding step in water;(e) separating a second solid phase comprising one or more rare earths at least in the form of a hydroxide and a second liquid phase comprising at least one alkaline element from the suspension obtained at the end of the preceding step;(f) dispersing the solid from the preceding step in water and acidifying the resultant suspension; and(g) separating a third solid phase and a third liquid phase comprising at least one rare earth salt from the suspension obtained at the end of the preceding step.2. The method as defined by claim 1 , wherein a thermal treatment is ...

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30-01-2014 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR CONTINUOUS MODIFICATION OF DIHYDRATE GYPSUM AND MODIFIED DIHYDRATE GYPSUM OBTAINED BY THE PROCESS

Номер: US20140030173A1
Принадлежит:

A process for the continuous modification of dihydrate gypsum includes calcining dihydrate gypsum into hemihydrate gypsum and recrystallizing the hemihydrate gypsum in an aqueous slurry to convert the hemihydrate gypsum into modified dihydrate gypsum of different crystalline form. The aqueous slurry in a recrystallization reaction tank is maintained at a constant temperature under stirring, and a feed rate of the hemihydrate gypsum to the recrystallization reaction tank and a discharge rate of the recrystallized dihydrate gypsum are controlled to substantially equal. Dihydrate gypsum as a starting raw material can be converted into high-purity, modified dihydrate gypsum of large crystals by recrystallizing the starting dihydrate gypsum after it is once calcined into hemihydrate gypsum. 117.-. (canceled)18. A process for modifying dihydrate gypsum , comprising:a calcination step of subjecting the dihydrate gypsum as a starting raw material to calcination to convert the dihydrate gypsum into hemihydrate gypsum,a recrystallization step of using a slurry with the hemihydrate gypsum, which has been obtained in the calcination step, contained as solid matter therein, and hydrating and recrystallizing the hemihydrate gypsum in the presence of a surfactant and/or a defoaming agent to modify the hemihydrate gypsum into dihydrate gypsum having a higher brightness compared with the dihydrate gypsum as the starting raw material, anda separation step of separating, from a slurry after completion of the recrystallization step, the modified dihydrate gypsum by an elutriation method.19. The process according to claim 18 , wherein in the recrystallization step claim 18 , the surfactant and/or the defoaming agent is incorporated in a range of from 0.01 to 0.2 wt % based on the dihydrate gypsum as the raw material.20. The process according to claim 18 , wherein in the separation step claim 18 , water is added again to the dihydrate gypsum separated by the elutriation method claim 18 , ...

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06-02-2014 дата публикации

Method For Extraction And Separation Of Lanthanoid Elements And Actinoid Elements, And Means For Extraction And Separation Of Lanthanoid Elements And Actinoid Elements

Номер: US20140033868A1

Problem: To provide a material and a method for efficient and inexpensive extraction of rare metals that are included in urban minerals. Solution: A method for the extraction of lanthanoid elements and actinoid elements, said method comprising: an adsorption process wherein a metal-dissolved solution containing a target metal selected from lanthanoid elements and actinoid elements is made to come into contact with porous structures that carry metal-adsorbent compounds that are adsorbent to target metal ions so that the target metal ions in said solution are adsorbed by said metal-adsorbent compounds; and a target metal separation process wherein said porous structures are made to come into contact with a back-extraction solution so that the target metal ions that are adsorbed by said metal-absorbent compounds are transported to the back-extraction solution. 1. A method for the extraction of lanthanoid elements and actinoid elements comprising:an adsorption process wherein a metal-dissolved solution containing a target metal selected from the group consisting of a lanthanoid element and an actinoid element is made to come into contact with nanostructures that carry metal-adsorbent compounds that are adsorbent to said target metal so that said target metal in said solution is adsorbed by said metal-adsorbent compounds; anda target metal separation process wherein said nanostructures that carry metal-adsorbent compounds that adsorbed said target metal during said adsorption process are made to come into contact with a back-extraction solution so that said target metal that is adsorbed by said metal-adsorbent compounds is transported to said back-extraction solution.2. The extraction method according to wherein said metal-adsorbent compounds are organic compounds with selective spectroscopic properties to said target metal.3. The extraction method according to wherein said organic compounds are nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds.4. The extraction method according to ...

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06-02-2014 дата публикации

Barium cerate nanoparticles for use in solid oxide fuel cells

Номер: US20140038069A1
Автор: Lyn Marie Irving
Принадлежит: Cerion Enterprises LLC

A process for forming alkaline earth metal cerate nanoparticles comprises combining a stable cerium oxide aqueous colloidal dispersion with soluble alkaline earth metal salts while maintaining colloidal stability. The resulting alkaline earth metal salts may be calcined to form alkaline earth metal cerate particles having a perovskite structure.

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06-03-2014 дата публикации

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR MAGNETOPHORETIC SEPARATION OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS

Номер: US20140065688A1
Принадлежит: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY

Disclosed herein are devices for the magnetophoretic separation of target biological materials including a separation chamber that has a plurality of channels, and one or more wires carrying a current, the wires generating a magnetic force that deflects magnetically-labeled target biological materials into a buffer stream. In addition, methods of separating target biological materials from non-target biological materials in a sample are disclosed. Finally, methods for constructing a magnetophoretic separation device are disclosed. 1. A magnetophoretic separation device comprising: (i) a sample stream comprising target biological materials and non-target biological materials, wherein the target biological materials are magnetically-labeled; and', '(ii) a buffer stream that is substantially free of the sample;', 'wherein the one or more streams combine in a single collection channel without fluidic mixing; and, '(a) a separation chamber comprising a plurality of channels that provide two or more streams, the streams comprising(b) one or more wire(s) carrying a current, the wires generating a magnetic force that deflects the one or more magnetically-labeled target biological materials into the buffer stream.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more wire(s) carrying a current is a single wire.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more wire(s) carrying a current are two wires claim 1 , wherein the first wire is in parallel alignment with the second wire.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more wire(s) carrying a current are more than two wires.5. The device of claim 1 , further comprising an alignment guide that aligns the separation chamber with the one or more wires.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the separation chamber is separated from the one or more wires by a vertical distance of about 10 microns to about 500 microns.7. The device of claim 6 , wherein the target biological materials are cells claim 6 , proteins claim 6 , solutes claim ...

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13-03-2014 дата публикации

BEAD INCUBATION AND WASHING ON A DROPLET ACTUATOR

Номер: US20140069812A1
Принадлежит: ADVANCED LIQUID LOGIC, INC.

The present invention relates to bead incubating and washing on a droplet actuator. Methods for incubating magnetically responsive beads that are labeled with primary antibody, a sample (i.e., analyte), and secondary reporter antibodies on a magnet, on and off a magnet, and completely off a magnet are provided. Also provided are methods for washing magnetically responsive beads using shape-assisted merging of droplets. Also provided are methods for shape-mediated splitting, transporting, and dispensing of a sample droplet that contains magnetically responsive beads. The apparatuses and methods of the invention provide for rapid time to result and optimum detection of an analyte in an immunoassay. 1. A method of manipulating a droplet comprising magnetically responsive beads therein , the method comprising: (i) droplet operations electrodes arranged for conducting droplet operations on a droplet operations surface;', '(ii) the droplet, arranged on the droplet operations surface and subject to droplet operations mediated by the droplet operations electrodes; and', '(ii) a magnet having a magnetic field and positioned relative to the droplet operations surface such that the droplet may be transported into the magnetic field of the magnet and transported out of the magnetic field of the magnet;, '(a) providing a droplet actuator comprising(b) transporting the droplet into the magnetic field of the magnet by executing droplet operations mediated by the droplet operations electrodes;(c) transporting the droplet out of the magnetic field of the magnet executing droplet operations mediated by the droplet operations electrodes without removing the magnet.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the droplet transported has a footprint of from about one to about three times the area of a single droplet operations electrode.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the droplet transported has a footprint of from about two to about three times the area of a single droplet operations ...

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27-03-2014 дата публикации

ROTARY-DRUM TYPE MAGNETIC SEPARATOR

Номер: US20140083920A1
Автор: Nishizawa Shinya

A rotary-drum type magnetic separator includes a rotary drum on which a plurality of magnets are disposed, and separates an unnecessary material contained in used coolant. The magnetic separator includes a pair of partition portions that are provided below both end portions of the rotary drum and partition a flow passage, in which the used coolant flows, into a flow passage that is formed near the middle portion of the rotary drum and flow passages that are formed near both end portions of the rotary drum; and openings that are formed at lower portions of the flow passages partitioned by the partition portions. The partition portions function as filters preventing the unnecessary material from moving to the flow passages, which are formed near both end portions of the rotary drum, from the flow passage that is formed near the middle portion of the rotary drum. 1. A rotary-drum type magnetic separator that includes a rotary drum on which a plurality of magnets are disposed and separates an unnecessary material contained in used coolant , the rotary-drum type magnetic separator comprising:a pair of partition portions that are provided below both end portions of the rotary drum and partition a flow passage, in which the used coolant flows, into a flow passage that is formed near the middle portion of the rotary drum and flow passages that are formed near both end portions of the rotary drum; andopenings that are formed at lower portions of the flow passages partitioned by the partition portions,wherein the partition portions function as filters preventing the unnecessary material of the used coolant from moving to the flow passages, which are formed near both end portions of the rotary drum, from the flow passage that is formed near the middle portion of the rotary drum.2. The rotary-drum type magnetic separator according to claim 1 ,wherein the partition portion is made of a plate-like non-woven fabric, and is formed so that an end portion of the partition portion ...

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27-03-2014 дата публикации

MAGNETIC PARTICLE SCAVENGING DEVICE AND METHOD

Номер: US20140083948A1
Автор: Yang Guisheng
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed to a device for removing magnetic particles from a liquid, the device comprising at least one container for holding a liquid containing magnetic particles; and at least one magnetic column for placing into the at least one container, wherein when the liquid comes into contact with the at least one magnetic column, the magnetic particles are attracted towards, and bind to, the at least one magnetic column such that when the liquid is separated from the at least one magnetic column, the magnetic particles are removed from the liquid. 191.-. (canceled)93. The device of claim 92 , wherein the at least one magnet is a magnetic column.94. The device of claim 93 , further comprising at least one shaft upon which the at least one magnetic column is supported for movement thereabout.95. The device of claim 93 , wherein the at least one magnetic column is hollow and comprises an internal magnet.96. The device of claim 95 , wherein the internal magnet is selected from the group consisting of a permanent magnet claim 95 , an electromagnet and combinations thereof.97. The device of claim 95 , wherein the internal magnet is removable from the at least one magnetic column.98. The device of claim 93 , wherein the at least one magnetic column further comprises a non-magnetic spacer.99. The device of claim 93 , wherein the at least one magnetic column comprises a removable cover.100. The device of claim 94 , wherein the at least one magnetic column is a plurality of magnetic columns.101. The device of claim 100 , wherein at least two of the magnetic columns of the plurality of magnetic columns have different dimensions.102. The device of claim 100 , wherein the plurality of magnetic columns is supported on the at least one shaft in at least one array.103. The device of claim 102 , wherein the at least one array is a plurality of arrays supported on the at least one shaft.104. The device of claim 93 , wherein the liquid is selected from the group ...

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03-04-2014 дата публикации

TRAPPING MAGNETIZABLE PARTICULATES

Номер: US20140091799A1
Принадлежит: SCHLUMBERGER TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus for measuring properties of a fluid stream flowing within a pipeline has one or more magnet systems for applying magnetic field to the fluid stream and also has means for inducing and observing magnetic resonance within the fluid stream as it passes through a said magnetic field. The apparatus may also include a polarizing magnetic field upstream of the magnetic field in which resonance is observed. The fluid stream may be hydrocarbon from an underground reservoir. In order to guard against accumulation of magnetisable iron debris particles entrained in the fluid flow, the apparatus comprises one or more upstream traps having a magnetic field to attract and hold solid magnetizable material and an exit path for the removal of the solid magnetizable material so that it does not continue towards any polarizing field and the field where resonance is observed. 1. Nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus for measuring properties of a fluid stream flowing within a pipeline , comprising one or more magnet systems for applying one or more magnetic fields to the fluid stream and means for inducing and observing magnetic resonance within the fluid stream as it passes through a said magnetic field ,wherein the apparatus comprises one or more traps having a magnetic field to attract and hold solid magnetizable material and an exit path for the removal of the solid magnetizable material.2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one trap comprises a tubular section made of non-magnetic material and conveying the fluid stream and one or more magnets positioned to provide a magnetic field within the tubular section.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising at least two traps and valves for selectively directing the fluid stream through one or other of the traps.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 , comprising at least two traps claim 1 , each of which comprises a tubular section made of non-magnetic material claim 1 , valves for ...

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06-01-2022 дата публикации

Recovery of rare earth metals from ferromagnetic alloys

Номер: US20220002890A1
Принадлежит: Yeda Research and Development Co Ltd

Methods for recovery of at least one rare earth metal from ferromagnetic alloy are described, and further methods of atomic hydrogen decrepitation of a ferromagnetic alloy.

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07-01-2021 дата публикации

ELECTRON OR HYDRIDE ION INTAKE/RELEASE MATERIAL, ELECTRON OR HYDRIDE ION INTAKE/RELEASE COMPOSITION, TRANSITION METAL-SUPPORTED MATERIAL AND CATALYST, AND USE IN RELATION THERETO

Номер: US20210002142A1
Принадлежит: JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY

The present invention is to provide an electron or hydride ion intake/release material comprising a lanthanoid oxyhydride represented by the formula Ln(HO) (in the formula, Ln represents a lanthanoid element) or an electron or hydride ion intake/release composition comprising at least one kind of lanthanoid oxyhydride; a transition metal-supported material wherein a transition metal is supported by the above electron or hydride ion intake/release material or electron or hydride ion intake/release composition; and a catalyst comprising the transition metal-supported material. The electron or hydride ion intake/release material or electron or hydride ion intake/release composition according to the present invention has a higher ability for intake/release of electron or hydride ion than that of a conventional hydride-containing compound, and can be used effectively as a catalyst such as a catalyst having excellent ammonia synthesis activity by supporting a transition metal thereon. 2. The electron or hydride ion intake/release material according to claim 1 , wherein{'sup': −', '2−, 'the lanthanoid oxyhydride has a structure in which a hydride ion (H) and an oxide ion (O) coexist as a HO-ordered type or a HO-solid solution type together with a lanthanoid as a component of a crystal lattice.'}3. The electron or hydride ion intake/release material according to claim 1 , wherein{'sup': −', '2−, 'the lanthanoid oxyhydride has a structure in which a hydride ion (H) and an oxide ion (O) coexist as a HO-solid solution type together with a lanthanoid as a component of a crystal lattice.'}4. An electron or hydride ion intake/release composition claim 1 , comprising at least one kind of lanthanoid oxyhydride.5. The electron or hydride ion intake/release composition according to claim 4 , whereina lanthanoid element contained in the lanthanoid oxyhydride is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Gd, Sm, Pr, and Er.6. The electron or hydride ion intake/release ...

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07-01-2016 дата публикации

SELECTIVE EXTRACTION OF CERIUM FROM OTHER METALS

Номер: US20160002751A1
Автор: Kasaini Henry
Принадлежит:

Methods for the extraction of cerium and/or thorium from metal compounds and solutions. A single step or two-step extraction method may be applied to selectively precipitate thorium and/or cerium as hydroxides under controlled pH conditions such that a substantially thorium-free and/or cerium-free rare earth element (REE) solution may be formed, such as for the subsequent separation of individual rare earth elements. 1. A method for the extraction of cerium from a cerium-containing acidic solution , comprising the steps of:contacting the cerium-containing acidic solution with ammonium hydroxide to precipitate at least a portion of the cerium as cerium hydroxide and form a cerium-depleted solution and a cerium hydroxide product; andseparating at least a portion of the cerium hydroxide product from the cerium depleted solution.2. The method recited in claim 1 , wherein the cerium-containing acidic solution is formed by digesting a cerium-containing solid product in an acid.3. The method recited in claim 1 , wherein the cerium-containing acidic solution comprises nitric acid.4. (canceled)5. The method recited in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , before the step of contacting the cerium-containing acidic solution with ammonium hydroxide claim 1 , the cerium-containing acidic solution has a free acid content that is sufficient to dissolve at least about 95% of the cerium and maintain at least about 95% of the cerium as Ce.6. The method recited in claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , before the step of contacting the cerium-containing acidic solution with ammonium hydroxide claim 1 , the cerium-containing acidic solution has a free acid content of at least about 18%.7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. The method recited in claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting the cerium-containing acidic solution with ammonium hydroxide comprises contacting the cerium-containing acidic solution with a sufficient amount of ammonium hydroxide to stabilize at least about 95% of the cerium in the liquor as a ...

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01-01-2015 дата публикации

Rare earth metal compounds, methods of making, and methods of using the same

Номер: US20150004086A1
Принадлежит: Spectrum Pharmaceuticals Inc

Rare earth metal compounds, particularly lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium, are formed as porous particles and are effective in binding metals, metal ions, and phosphate. A method of making the particles and a method of using the particles is disclosed. The particles may be used in the gastrointestinal tract or the bloodstream to remove phosphate or to treat hyperphosphatemia in mammals. The particles may also be used to remove metals from fluids such as water.

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02-01-2020 дата публикации

METHODS FOR RECOVERY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM COAL

Номер: US20200002785A1
Принадлежит:

Methods of recovering rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium from coal are described. The coal is dissolved in a first solvent to dissolve organic material in the coal and create a slurry containing coal ash enriched with rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium. The enriched coal ash is separated from the first solvent. Residual organic material is removed from the coal ash. The rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium can then be recovered from the coal ash. The coal ash is mixed with an acid stream that dissolves the rare earth elements, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements and (ii) leached ash. The leachate is heated to obtain acid vapor and an acid-soluble rare earth concentrate. The acid-soluble rare earth concentrate can be fed to a hydrometallurgical process to separate and purify the rare earth elements. 1. A method of recovering rare earth elements from coal , comprising:dissolving coal in a first solvent to dissolve organic material in the coal and create a slurry containing coal ash enriched with rare earth elements;separating the coal ash from the first solvent;removing residual organic material from the coal ash; andrecovering the rare earth elements from the coal ash.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is a bio-based hydrogen transfer solvent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is soybean oil.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by washing the coal ash with a second solvent that is different from the first solvent.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the second solvent is tetrahydrofuran.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by burning the coal ash at a temperature of about 300° C. to about 600° C.; orwherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by comminution, froth flotation, or gravimetric separation.7. The method of claim 1 , ...

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08-01-2015 дата публикации

Chemical additive for gypsum products

Номер: US20150007753A1
Принадлежит: Saint Gobain Placo Sas

The present invention provides a gypsum composition, a gypsum board and their preparation method and the use of DHA as an anti-sagging additive in a gypsum product. Said gypsum board comprises set gypsum prepared from the composition; while said composition comprises gypsum, and an anti-deformation additive, wherein the anti-deformation additive comprises at least one selected from a group consisting of dehydroascorbic acid, dehydroascorbate and semidehydroascorbic acid. The set gypsum prepared from the said composition shows better anti-sagging or deformation resisting property. The gypsum product of the present invention is hardly distorted and has stronger stability even in the condition of high humidity, thus improve the quality of the gypsum product to meet the demands of the customer.

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03-01-2019 дата публикации

HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS

Номер: US20190006573A1
Автор: Zhao Dong, Zhao George Jin
Принадлежит:

This disclosure will describe a novel finding and make the claim for the first time on a group of old compounds and formulated new compounds. These compounds have superconducting property at high temperatures, i.e., 151 K or higher. Several compounds were prepared, though not well-purified, at around middle of 1900s. Their chemical, structural, electric and magnetic properties were studied and reported but their superconducting property has not been known and has never been exploited because the idea of type-II superconductivity was not proposed at that time. The experiments to further verify their high temperature superconductivity require the utilization of sophisticated facilities on synthesizing highly pure compounds and the deregulation from government security authorities on purchasing the starting materials. 1. A device including a material that conducts electricity , the material comprising:{'sub': 'n', 'a compound with a chemical formula (M)(X);'}wherein M is at least one selected from the group consisting of: actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, berkelium, californium, einsteinium, fermium, mendelevium, nobelium, lawrencium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, and their isotopes;wherein X is at least one selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, carbon, silicon, germanium, boron, and their isotopes; andn is a value ranging from 0.05 to 20; andthe compound conducts electricity at 151 K or higher.2. The device including a material that conducts electricity of claim 1 , wherein M is two or more elements selected from the group consisting ...

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20-01-2022 дата публикации

Step-Leaching Process of Rare Earth Elements from Ash Materials Using Mild Inorganic Acids at Ambient Conditions

Номер: US20220017992A1
Принадлежит:

The invention provides a method for extracting REEs from ash having the steps of contacting ash with a first acid solution to generate leachate having a pH between approximately 5.0 and approximately 5.5; contacting the ash with a second acid solution to generate leachate having a pH between approximately 2.8 and approximately 3.5; and contacting the ash with a third acid solution to generate leachate having a pH between approximately −0.6 and approximately 0.5. The invention also provides a method for leaching REEs from ash having the steps of: contacting ash with a first amount of acid sufficient to leach Ca and AJ from the ash without leaching REEs; contacting the ash with a second amount of acid sufficient to leach REEs from the ash without leaching Fe and Sc; and contacting ash with a third amount of acid sufficient to leach Fe and Sc from the ash. 1. A method for leaching REEs from ash material comprising:contacting an ash material containing REEs with a first acid solution to generate a first leachate having a pH between approximately 5.0 and approximately 5.5;contacting the ash material with a second acid solution to generate a second leachate having a second pH between approximately 2.8 and approximately 3.5; andcontacting the ash material with a third acid solution to generate a third leachate having a third pH between approximately −0.6 and approximately 0.5.2. The method of wherein the first acid solution comprises a solution containing a predetermined amount of a first acid.3. The method of wherein the second acid solution comprises a solution containing a predetermined amount of a second acid.4. The method of wherein the first and second predetermined amounts of acid between approximately 18 and approximately 20 mmol of acid per gram of ash material.5. The method of wherein the first and second predetermined amounts of acid are determined by generating a pH titration curve from a sample of the ash material.6. The method of wherein contacting the ash ...

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14-01-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR SEPARATING IMPURITIES FROM AN ACIDIC SOLUTION CONTAINING NICKEL AND COBALT AND/OR SCANDIUM

Номер: US20160010177A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a method for efficiently separating nickel, cobalt and/or scandium, and impurities from an acidic solution containing impurities such as manganese, iron, zinc, and aluminum. A valuable-metal extracting agent of the present invention is expressed by general formula (1). In the formula, Rand Reach represent the same or different alkyl groups, Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and Rrepresents a hydrogen atom or a given group, other than an amino group, that bonds with an α carbon as an amino acid. In general formula (1), the inclusion of a glycine unit, a histidine unit, a lysine unit, an asparagine acid unit, or a normal methylglycine unit is preferred. 2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the amide derivative is any one or more of glycinamide derivatives claim 1 , histidinamide derivatives claim 1 , lysinamide derivatives claim 1 , aspartamide derivatives claim 1 , and N-methylglycine derivatives.3. The method according to claim 1 , whereinthe acid solution contains nickel and zinc, andthe acid solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acid solution adjusted to a range of 2.0 or higher to 4.3 or lower.4. The method according to claim 1 , whereinthe acid solution contains nickel and iron,when the iron is trivalent iron, the acid solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acid solution adjusted to a range of 1.0 or higher to 3.2 or lower, andwhen the iron is divalent iron, the acid solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acid solution adjusted to a range of 2.0 or higher to 4.5 or lower.5. The method according to claim 1 , whereinthe acid solution contains cobalt and iron,when the iron is trivalent iron, the acid solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acid solution adjusted to a range of 1.0 or higher to 4.0 or lower, andwhen the iron is divalent iron, the acid solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acid ...

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10-01-2019 дата публикации

Morphologically and size uniform monodisperse particles and their shape-directed self-assembly

Номер: US20190010394A1

Monodisperse particles having: a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology are disclosed. Due to their uniform size and shape, the monodisperse particles self assemble into superlattices. The particles may be luminescent particles such as down-converting phosphor particles and up-converting phosphors. The monodisperse particles of the invention have a rare earth-containing lattice which in one embodiment may be an yttrium-containing lattice or in another may be a lanthanide-containing lattice. The monodisperse particles may have different optical properties based on their composition, their size, and/or their morphology (or shape). Also disclosed is a combination of at least two types of monodisperse particles, where each type is a plurality of monodisperse particles having a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology; and where the types of monodisperse particles differ from one another by composition, by size, or by morphology. In a preferred embodiment, the types of monodisperse particles have the same composition but different morphologies. Methods of making and methods of using the monodisperse particles are disclosed.

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10-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERING RHENIUM, METHOD FOR SELECTIVELY RECOVERING RHENIUM FROM SOLUTION INCLUDING RHENIUM AND OTHER METALS, AND METHOD FOR INCREASING CONTENT RATIO OF RHENIUM IN SOLUTION INCLUDING RHENIUM AND OTHER METALS

Номер: US20190010579A1
Автор: HORI Hisao
Принадлежит:

A method is provided which can separate rhenium from a solution containing rhenium by a simple procedure in a shorter time. A method of selectively recovering rhenium from a solution containing rhenium and one or more different metals is also provided. A method of recovering rhenium is used. The method involves (A) adding an electron donor (aliphatic secondary alcohol or aliphatic secondary thioalcohol) and a ketone compound to a solution containing perrhenate ions, (B) irradiating the solution after the addition step with ultraviolet light to precipitate a reduced species of the perrhenate ions contained in the solution, and (C) separating the reduced species of perrhenate ions from the solution, the reduced species being precipitated during the ultraviolet light irradiation. 1. A method of recovering rhenium , comprising:(A) adding an electron donor and a ketone compound to a solution containing perrhenate ions, the electron donor being an aliphatic secondary alcohol or an aliphatic secondary thioalcohol,(B) irradiating the solution after the addition with ultraviolet light to precipitate a reduced species of the perrhenate ions contained in the solution, and(C) separating the reduced species of the perrhenate ions from the solution, the reduced species being precipitated during the ultraviolet light irradiation,wherein the pH of the solution is 6.3 or higher during step (B).2. (canceled)3. The method of recovering rhenium according to claim 1 ,wherein the electron donor is an aliphatic secondary alcohol.4. The method of recovering rhenium according to claim 1 ,wherein the electron donor is 2-propanol.5. The method of recovering rhenium according to claim 1 ,wherein the ketone compound is acetone.6. A method of selectively recovering rhenium from a solution containing rhenium and one or more different metals claim 1 , comprising:adding an electron donor and a ketone compound to a solution containing perrhenate ions and a co-existing metal other than alkali metals ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLE, DECOMPOSITION METHOD OF NUCLEIC ACID, DECOMPOSITION METHOD OF POLYPEPTIDE, METHOD OF PRODUCING CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLE, OXIDIZING AGENT, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIFUNGAL AGENT, AND ANTI-VIRUS AGENT

Номер: US20220030857A1
Принадлежит:

A cerium oxide nanoparticle whose surface is covered with a vinyl polymer has a heterocyclic amine skeleton such as piperazine, pyridine, imidazole, or carbazole or with a polyamide having a heterocyclic amine skeleton such as piperazine, pyridine, imidazole, or carbazole; and a decomposition method of a nucleic acid or a polypeptide by using the cerium oxide nanoparticle. 112-. (canceled)13. A cerium oxide nanoparticle having a surface covered with a vinyl polymer having a heterocyclic amine skeleton or with a polyamide having a heterocyclic amine skeleton.14. The cerium oxide nanoparticle according to claim 13 , wherein the heterocyclic amine skeleton is formed of any of piperazine claim 13 , pyridine claim 13 , imidazole claim 13 , or carbazole.15. The cerium oxide nanoparticle according to claim 13 , wherein the vinyl polymer is a polymer having the heterocyclic amine skeleton in a side chain of the vinyl polymer.16. The cerium oxide nanoparticle according to claim 13 , wherein the polyamide is a polymer having the heterocyclic amine skeleton in a main chain of the polyamide.17. The cerium oxide nanoparticle according to claim 13 , wherein a Ce L3 edge XANES spectrum obtained by an X-ray absorption fine structure spectrometry measurement has a maximum absorption of 5726.0 eV to 5729.0 eV and 5735.0 eV to 5739.0 eV.18. A decomposition method of a nucleic acid claim 13 , comprising causing a sample including the nucleic acid to contact with the cerium oxide nanoparticle according to .19. A decomposition method of a polypeptide claim 13 , comprising causing a sample including the polypeptide to contact with the cerium oxide nanoparticle according to .20. A method of producing a cerium oxide nanoparticle whose surface is covered with a polymer claim 13 , the method comprising:a: mixing a solution of a polymer having a heterocyclic amine skeleton with a solution including a cerium (III) ion or with a cerium (III) salt to obtain a mixed solution; andb: adding an ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

Solvent-free synthesis of lanthanide oxide and mixed lanthanide oxide nanoparticles

Номер: US20220033272A1
Принадлежит:

Lanthanide oxides and mixed lanthanide oxides can be produced using furnace or microwave assisted solid-state synthesis. The use of Ln-tri(methylsilyl)amide-based precursors yields spherical nanoparticles. The formation of spherical shaped nanoparticles is likely due to the preferential single-step decomposition of the Ln-TMS as well as the low activation energy to overcome decomposition. Reaction temperature, initial metal ion ratio, and reaction dwell time can be used to control the final nanoparticle size. The method enables solvent-free, high-yield synthesis of morphology-controlled lanthanide oxides. 1. A method to synthesize lanthanide (Ln) oxide nanoparticles , comprising heating of at least one Ln-tri(methylsilyl)amide precursor at a reaction temperature for a dwell time to produce Ln-oxide nanoparticles.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein more than one Ln-tri(methylsilyl)amide precursor are combined to produce mixed Ln-oxide nanoparticles.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixed Ln-oxide nanoparticles comprise binary claim 2 , ternary claim 2 , quaternary mixed Ln-oxides.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one Ln-tri(methylsilyl)amide precursor comprises cerium (III) tri(methylsilyl)amide or samarium (III) tri(methylsilyl)amide.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction temperature is greater than 500° C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction temperature is less than about 1000° C.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the dwell time is greater than 5 minutes.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the Ln-oxide or mixed Ln-oxide nanoparticles are spherical.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the spherical Ln-oxide or mixed Ln-oxide nanoparticles have a diameter of less than 500 nm.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating is performed in a microwave oven.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heating is performed in a thermal furnace. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/058,189, filed Jul. 29, ...

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03-02-2022 дата публикации

SLURRY AND POLISHING METHOD

Номер: US20220033680A1
Принадлежит:

A slurry for polishing a carbon-containing silicon oxide, the slurry containing abrasive grains and a liquid medium, in which the abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles, a particle size of the second particles is smaller than a particle size of the first particles, the first particles contain cerium oxide, and the second particles contain a cerium compound. 1. A slurry for polishing a carbon-containing silicon oxide , the slurry comprising:abrasive grains and a liquid medium, whereinthe abrasive grains include first particles and second particles in contact with the first particles,a particle size of the second particles is smaller than a particle size of the first particles,the first particles contain cerium oxide, andthe second particles contain a cerium compound.2. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in a case where a content of the abrasive grains is 0.1% by mass claim 1 , an absorbance for light having a wavelength of 380 nm in a liquid phase obtained when the slurry is subjected to centrifugal separation for 5 minutes at a centrifugal acceleration of 5.8×10G exceeds 0.3. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein the cerium compound contains cerium hydroxide.4. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the abrasive grains is 0.01 to 10% by mass.5. A polishing method comprising a step of polishing a surface to be polished by using the slurry according to .6. The polishing method according to claim 5 , wherein the surface to be polished comprises a carbon-containing silicon oxide.7. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein a particle size of the first particles is 100 nm or more.8. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein a particle size of the second particles is 30 nm or less.9. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein an average particle size of the abrasive grains is 120 nm or more.10. The slurry according to claim 1 , wherein a content of cerium oxide in the abrasive ...

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19-01-2017 дата публикации

Recovering rare earth metals from magnet scrap

Номер: US20170016088A1
Принадлежит:

A method is provided for treating a rare earth metal-bearing scrap material by melting an extractant selected from the group consisting of bismuth (Bi) and lead (Pb) and contacting the melted extractant and the scrap material at a temperature and time to recover at least one of the light rare earth metal content and the heavy rare earth metal content as a metallic extractant alloy, which can be subjected to vacuum distillation or sublimation to recover the rare earth metal(s). The method can be practiced to recover the light rare earth metal content and the heavy rare earth metal content concurrently in a one-step process or separately and sequentially in a two-step process. 1. A method of treating a rare earth metal-bearing scrap material , comprising melting an extractant selected from the group consisting of bismuth (Bi) and lead (Pb) and contacting the melted extractant and the scrap material at a temperature and time to recover at least one of a light rare earth metal content and a heavy rare earth metal content of the scrap material as part of a metallic extractant alloy.2. The method of wherein the light rare earth metal content and the heavy rare earth metal content are recovered concurrently in a one-step process.3. The method of wherein the light rare earth metal content and the heavy rare earth metal content are recovered separately in sequence in different extractants in a two-step process.4. The method of wherein the extractant comprises at least 50% by weight Bi.5. The method of wherein the extractant comprises at least 75% by weight Bi.6. The method of wherein the extractant comprises at least 98% by weight Bi.7. The method of wherein the extractant comprises Bi in the temperature range of greater than 271 degrees C. to 1300 degrees C.8. The method of wherein the extractant alloy comprises at least one of the light rare earth metal content and the heavy rare earth metal content and at least one of Bi and Pb.9. The method of wherein the rare earth ...

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21-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SEPARATING AND RECOVERING RARE EARTHS

Номер: US20160017459A1
Принадлежит:

The present application is generally directed to separation and recovery of rare earths using biomass, liposomes, and/or other materials. In some embodiments, a composition comprising rare earths is exposed to biomass, where some of the rare earths are transferred to the biomass, e.g., via absorption. The composition may then be separated from the biomass. A solution may be exposed to the biomass, such that some of the rare earths are released from the biomass into the solution, thereby enriching the solution in one or more rare earths, relative to other rare earths in the biomass. The solution and the biomass may then be separated, and the rare earths recovered from the solution. In some cases, this process may be repeated with different solutions, e.g., having differences in pH or ionic concentration, which may result in different solutions enriched in various rare earths. In addition, in some embodiments, similar processes may be used to separate the rare earths from thorium and uranium. Also, in some embodiments, liposomes may be used instead of and/or in addition to biomass.

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17-01-2019 дата публикации

SEPARATION METHOD OF RARE EARTH ELEMENT AND IRON AND RARE EARTH ELEMENT-CONTAINING SLAG

Номер: US20190017147A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a separation method of a rare earth element and iron including: forming alkali silicate slag incorporating a rare earth element, by melting a rare earth-iron-containing material together with an alkali silicate flux in a metallic silicon melt or an iron-silicon alloy melt; and separating rare earth-containing slag from an iron-silicon alloy, in which volatilization of alkaline components contained in the flux is suppressed by performing heating and melting under an oxidizing atmosphere, and the rare earth-containing slag having a SiO/NaO molar ratio of 2.1 or less is formed. 1. A separation method of a rare earth element and iron , comprising:forming alkali silicate slag (referred to as rare earth-containing slag) incorporating a rare earth element, by melting a treatment object containing a rare earth element and iron (referred to as a rare earth-iron-containing material) together with an alkali silicate flux in a metallic silicon melt or an iron-silicon alloy melt; andseparating the rare earth-containing slag from an iron-silicon alloy,{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein volatilization of alkaline components contained in the flux is suppressed, by performing heating and melting under an oxidizing atmosphere, to form the rare earth-containing slag having a SiO/NaO molar ratio of 2.1 or less.'}2. The separation method of a rare earth element and iron according to claim 1 ,wherein the rare earth-containing slag is formed by suppressing a volatilization rate of the alkaline components from the alkali silicate flux to be 25.5% or lower.3. The separation method of a rare earth element and iron according to claim 1 ,{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'wherein the rare earth-containing slag, in which the SiO/NaO molar ratio is 2.1 or less and a SiOcontent is 50 wt % or less, is formed by suppressing a volatilization rate of Na to be 25.5% or lower, by using sodium silicate as the alkali silicate flux.'}4. The separation method of a rare earth element and iron ...

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21-01-2021 дата публикации

FILM-FORMING MATERIAL

Номер: US20210017036A1
Принадлежит: NIPPON YTTRIUM CO., LTD.

A film-forming material of the present invention contains an oxyfluoride of yttrium represented by YOF(X and Y are numbers satisfying 0 Подробнее

21-01-2021 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH-GRADE RARE EARTH CONCENTRATE FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE

Номер: US20210017625A1
Принадлежит:

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a continuous process for treating acid mine drainage while simultaneously recovering a high-grade rare earth preconcentrate suitable for extraction of commercially valuable rare earth oxides. In a further aspect, the preconcentrate is from about 0.1% to 5% rare earth elements on a dry weight basis. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for processing the preconcentrate to generate a pregnant leach solution that does not form gels or emulsions and is suitable for processing via solvent extraction. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a system and plant for carrying out the disclosed process. In still another aspect, the disclosure relates to a composition containing rare earth elements produced by the process disclosed herein. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the raw material is raw acid mine drainage (AMD) claim 1 , an AMD precipitate (AMDp) claim 1 , or an enriched AMD precipitate (eAMDp).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the raw material with the first base changes the pH of the aqueous phase to from about 4.0 to about 4.5.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first base comprises NaOH claim 1 , KOH claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , ammonium hydroxide claim 1 , calcium pellets claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , lime slurry claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the aqueous phase with the second base changes the pH of the aqueous phase to from about 8.0 to about 8.5.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second base comprises NaOH claim 1 , KOH claim 1 , ammonia or an ammonium compound claim 1 , calcium pellets claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , lime slurry claim 1 , or a combination thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting the REE-enriched preconcentrate with the acid changes the pH of the ...

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21-01-2021 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING ELECTRONIC AND ELECTRICAL DEVICE COMPONENT SCRAP

Номер: US20210017626A1
Принадлежит: JX NIPPON MINING & METALS CORPORATION

Provided is a method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap, which can increase an amount of electronic and electrical device component scrap processed in a smelting step and efficiently recover valuable metals. The method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap includes: a step of removing powdery materials and film-shaped component scrap from the electronic and electrical device component scrap; a step of concentrating synthetic resins and substrates from the electronic and electrical device component scrap from which the powdery materials and film-shaped component scrap have been removed; and a step of concentrating the substrates containing valuable metals from a concentrate obtained in the step 1. A method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap , the method comprising:{'b': '1', 'a step of removing powdery materials and film-shaped component scrap from the electronic and electrical device component scrap;'}{'b': '2', 'a step of concentrating synthetic resins and substrates from the electronic and electrical device component scrap from which the powdery materials and film-shaped component scrap have been removed; and'}{'b': 3', '2, 'a step of concentrating the substrates containing valuable metals from a concentrate obtained in the step .'}21. The method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , prior to the step claim 1 , a pre-processing step A of removing wire scrap contained in the electronic and electrical device component scrap.312. The method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap according to claim 1 , further comprising a step B of removing wire scrap contained in the electronic and electrical device component scrap between the steps and .432. The method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap according to claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , prior to the ...

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22-01-2015 дата публикации

HIGH STRENGTH AND HIGH TOUGHNESS METAL AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME

Номер: US20150023836A1
Принадлежит:

This invention provides a high-strength and high-toughness metal which has strength and toughness each high enough to be put to practical use in expanded applications of magnesium alloys, and a process for producing the same. The high-strength and high-toughness metal is a magnesium alloy comprising a crystal structure containing an hcp-structure magnesium phase and a long-period layered structure phase. At least a part of the long-period layered structure phase is in a curved or flexed state. The magnesium alloy comprises a atomic % of Zn and b atomic % of Gd with the balance consisting of Mg. 128-. (canceled)29. A high strength and high toughness metal comprising a magnesium alloy having a crystal structure having an hcp-Mg phase and a long-period stacking ordered structure phase ,wherein at least a part of said long-period stacking ordered structure phase exists in a lamellar form with a 2H structure Mg phase, [{'br': None, 'i': '≦a≦', '0.25.0;\u2003\u2003(1)'}, {'br': None, 'i': '≦b≦', '0.55.0; and\u2003\u2003(2)'}, {'br': None, 'i': a−', 'b., '0.50.5≦\u2003\u2003(3)'}], 'wherein said magnesium alloy contains Zn in an amount of “a” atomic % and of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Gd, Tb, Tm and Lu in a total amount of “b” atomic %, wherein “a” and “b” satisfy the following expressions (1) to (3)3032-. (canceled)33. The high strength and high toughness metal according to claim 29 , [{'br': None, 'i': '≦c≦', '03.0;\u2003\u2003(4)'}, {'br': None, 'i': '≦d≦', '02.0; and\u2003\u2003(5)'}, {'br': None, 'i': '≦b+c+d≦', '0.56.0.\u2003\u2003(6)'}], 'wherein said magnesium alloy contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Yb, Sm and Nd in a total amount of “c” atomic % and at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Ce, Pr, Eu and Mm in a total amount of “d” atomic %, wherein “c” and “d” satisfy the following expressions (4) to (6)3442-. (canceled)43. The high strength and high toughness metal according ...

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26-01-2017 дата публикации

Separation of terbium(iii,iv) oxide

Номер: US20170022071A1

Various embodiments relate to separation of terbium(III,IV) oxide. In various embodiments, present invention provides a method of separating terbium(III,IV) oxide from a composition. The method can include contacting a composition including terbium(III,IV) oxide and one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides with a liquid including acetic acid to form a mixture. The contacting can be effective to dissolve at least some of the one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides into the liquid. The method can include separating undissolved terbium(III,IV) oxide from the mixture, to provide separated terbium(III,IV) oxide.

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26-01-2017 дата публикации

SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF CaSO4-BASED HARDENING ACCELERATORS

Номер: US20170022107A1
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The invention concerns a method for producing pulverulent hardening accelerators by reactive spray drying, where an aqueous phase I comprising calcium ions, and an aqueous phase II comprising sulphate ions, the molar ratio of the calcium ions to the sulphate ions being from 1/5 to 5/1, are contacted at a spray nozzle, and the phases I and II contacted with one another at the spray nozzle are sprayed in a streaming environment of drying gas. Likewise concerned are the pulverulent hardening accelerators producible by the method of the invention, and their use for accelerating the hardening of bassanite and/or anhydrite with formation of gypsum. 1. A method for producing a pulverulent CaSO-based hardening accelerator , the method comprising:a) contacting, at a spray nozzle, an aqueous phase I comprising liquid calcium ions and an aqueous phase H comprising liquid sulphate ions, the molar ratio of the calcium ions in phase I to the sulphate ions in phase II being from 1/5 to 5/1, andb) spraying phases I and II from said contacting with one another at the spray nozzle into a streaming environment of drying gas with an entry temperature in the range from 120 to 300° C. and an exit temperature in the range from 60 to 120° C., whereinthe calcium ions react with the sulphate ions and, with removal of water by the carrier gas, the pulverulent hardening accelerator is obtained.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the spray nozzle is a multi-channel nozzle.3. The method according to claim 2 , whereinthe multi-channel nozzle comprises at least two channels,the aqueous phase I comprising liquid calcium ions and the aqueous phase II comprising liquid sulphate ions are supplied separately into at least two of the channels, andphases I and II are contacted with one another at an outlet of the channels of the nozzle during said contacting.4. The method according to claim 1 ,wherein phase I comprises an aqueous solution of a calcium salt,wherein phase II comprises an aqueous ...

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28-01-2016 дата публикации

A method for re-extraction of rare-earth metals from organic solutions and preparing concentrate of rare-earth metals

Номер: US20160024616A1

The present invention relates to a method for recovery of rare earth metals (REM) from diluted aqueous acidic solutions comprising steps of liquid-phase extraction of REM into an organic phase and re-extraction of REM from the organic phase. The re-extraction is carried out by precipitation of REM as a solid phase in the form of a poorly soluble salt of a strong acid (pK<0). Recovery of REM into the concentrate is up to 99% in the course of one stage of the re-extraction. 1. A method for recovery of rare earth metals (REM) from diluted aqueous acidic solution comprising:liquid-phase extraction of REM into an organic phase and re-extraction of REM from the organic phase;{'sub': 'a', 'wherein the re-extraction is carried out by precipitation of REM as a solid phase in the form of a poorly soluble salt of a strong acid (pK<0).'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein an extractant used as the organic phase is chosen from a group consisting of phosphine oxide in kerosene claim 1 , tributylphosphate in kerosene claim 1 , di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the poorly soluble salt of REM is REM sulphates.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the re-extraction of REM compounds is carried out with sulphuric acid claim 1 , a mixture of HSOwith HCl or HNO claim 1 , a mixture of M(HSO)with HSOand HCl or HNO claim 1 , where M is Na claim 1 , K claim 1 , Mg or REM atom.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein 30-70% aqueous solution of sulphuric acid is used for the re-extraction.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio between organic phase and aqueous phase is 500:1 to 1:2.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the extractant after REM re-extraction is washed with calcium salt solution claim 2 , preferably with raffinate of REM extraction. This patent application is a national phase filing under section 371 of PCT/RU2013/000990, filed Nov. 8, 2013, which claims the priority of Russian patent application 2013109742, filed Mar. 5, 2013, each of which is ...

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28-01-2016 дата публикации

METHODS FOR GAS-PHASE THERMOCHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS OF FISSION AND ACTIVATION PRODUCTS

Номер: US20160024617A1
Принадлежит:

Methods are provided for characterizing samples containing chemical elements such as rare earth elements, actinides, and heavy transition metals by treating the samples to form volatile complexes of the elements (e.g., β-diketonate complexes or other organic ligand complexes of the elements) and then analyzing the complexes, for example, via gas-phase thermochromatography. Also provided are methods for separating and/or recovering such chemical elements. The methods produce less waste and can be performed more rapidly than conventional liquid extraction methods and can provide separated elements of high purity (e.g., 99.9999% purity). 1. A method for characterizing a sample comprising a compound or compounds comprising atoms of one or more chemical elements , wherein each of said one or more chemical elements is selected from the group consisting of a rare earth element , uranium (U) , thorium (Th) , an actinide , and a heavy transition metal; the method comprising:(a) providing a sample comprising a compound or compounds comprising atoms of said one or more chemical elements;(b) forming a complex of each of said one or more chemical elements, wherein the complex comprises a ligand and one of said one or more chemical elements;(c) volatizing the complex of each of said one or more chemical elements; and(d) determining the identity of the one or more chemical elements, wherein the determining for each of the one or more chemical elements is based upon a retention time of a volatized complex on a gas chromatography column or upon a temperature of volatilization of a complex.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sample comprises an oxide of each of the one or more chemical elements.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more chemical elements is a rare earth element selected from the group consisting of cerium (Ce) claim 1 , dysprosium (Dy) claim 1 , erbium (Er) claim 1 , europium (Eu) claim 1 , gadolinium (Gd) claim 1 , holmium (Ho) claim 1 , lanthanum ...

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10-02-2022 дата публикации

Multiplexed spectral lifetime detection of phosphors

Номер: US20220041928A1

New methods and assays for multiplexed detection of analytes using phosphors that are uniform in morphology, size, and composition based on their unique optical lifetime signatures are described herein. The described assays and methods can be used for imaging or detection of multiple unique chemical or biological markers simultaneously in a single assay readout.

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10-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD OF PREPARING AN ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID NANOFLOWER

Номер: US20220042005A1
Принадлежит:

The technical field of enzyme immobilization, and particularly, an organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower and a preparation method thereof. The organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower is a flower-like immobilized enzyme formed by self-assembly of a layered rare earth compound as an inorganic carrier and a biological enzyme as an organic component. The layered rare earth compound is Ln(OH)NO.nHO, where Ln is one or more of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Y, and n=1.1-2.5. The biological enzyme is one or more of α-amylase, horseradish peroxidase, or laccase. A layered rare earth compound is used as the inorganic carrier for the organic biological enzyme to form the flower-like immobilized enzyme. The immobilized enzyme has better stability and higher catalytic performance when compared with a free enzyme. 1. (canceled)2. A method of preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower of claim 1 , comprising:mixing a rare earth nitrate aqueous solution with a biological enzyme to obtain a mixed solution, wherein a rare earth ion in a rare earth nitrate is one or more of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Y;adding ammonium nitrate and ammonia water in sequence to the mixed solution, and then aging to obtain an aged solution;centrifuging, washing, and drying the aged solution in sequence to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflower.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the rare earth ion in the rare earth nitrate aqueous solution has a molar concentration of 0.005-1 mol/L.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the biological enzyme in the rare earth nitrate aqueous solution has a concentration of 0.001-3 mg/mL.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixing is carried out at 15-60° C.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium nitrate to the rare earth ion is (1-10):1.7. The method of claim 2 , wherein the mixed solution after addition of ammonia water has a pH of 5-8.8. The method of claim 2 , wherein the aging is ...

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24-01-2019 дата публикации

AGENT FOR SELECTIVE METAL RECOVERY, METAL RECOVERY METHOD, AND METAL ELUTION METHOD

Номер: US20190024209A1
Автор: MINODA Ayumi
Принадлежит:

The agent for selective metal recovery of the present invention includes a material derived from an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales, which is dead cells or a cell surface layer of an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales, or an artificial material produced by simulating the cell surface layer, or includes a porphyrin. The metal recovery method of the present invention includes an addition step of adding a material derived from an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales, which is dead cells or a cell surface layer of an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales, or an artificial material produced by simulating the cell surface layer, or adding a porphyrin, to a metal solution; and a recovery step of recovering a metal from the metal solution by the material derived from an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales or the porphyrin. 1. An agent for selective metal recovery , the agent comprising a material derived from an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales , which is dead cells or a cell surface layer of an alga belonging to the order Cyanidiales , or an artificial material produced by simulating the cell surface layer , or comprising a porphyrin.2. The agent for selective metal recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the porphyrin is coproporphyrin and/or pheophytin.3. The agent for selective metal recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the porphyrin is a protonated compound.4. The agent for selective metal recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the agent selectively recovers a noble metal and/or a rare metal including a rare earth element.5. The agent for selective metal recovery according to claim 1 , wherein the agent selectively recovers a noble metal including gold or palladium claim 1 , and/or a lanthanoid from a base metal mixture solution under acidic conditions.6. The agent for selective metal recovery according to claim 5 , wherein the agent separates and selectively recovers a lanthanoid and iron based on the difference between the ionic radii ...

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24-01-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERING SCANDIUM

Номер: US20190024213A1
Принадлежит:

The method for recovering scandium pertaining to the present invention has: a first neutralization step for passing a solution containing scandium over an ion exchange resin, adding a neutralizing agent to the eluent eluted from the ion exchange resin and performing a neutralization treatment, and obtaining a primary neutralized sediment and a primary neutralized filtrate by solid-liquid separation; a second neutralization step for further adding a neutralizing agent to the primary neutralized filtrate and performing a neutralization treatment, and obtaining a secondary neutralized sediment and a secondary neutralized filtrate by solid-liquid separation; a hydroxide dissolution step for adding acid to the secondary neutralized sediment and obtaining a hydroxide solution; a solvent extraction step for subjecting the hydroxide solution to solvent extraction; and a scandium recovery step for recovering scandium oxide from a raffinate separated in the solvent extraction step. 1. A method of recovering scandium , comprising:a first neutralization step of allowing a solution containing scandium to pass through an ion exchange resin, adding a neutralizing agent to an eluate eluted from the ion exchange resin, performing a neutralization treatment, and obtaining a primary neutralized precipitate and a primary neutralized filtrate by solid-liquid separation;a second neutralization step of further adding a neutralizing agent to the primary neutralized filtrate, performing a neutralization treatment, and obtaining a secondary neutralized precipitate and a secondary neutralized filtrate by solid-liquid separation;a hydroxide dissolution step of adding an acid to the secondary neutralized precipitate to obtain a hydroxide solution;a solvent extraction step of subjecting the hydroxide solution to solvent extraction; anda scandium recovery step of recovering scandium oxide from a raffinate liquid separated in the solvent extraction step,wherein the secondary neutralized ...

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24-04-2014 дата публикации

CLEANING DEVICE OF MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES AND CLEANING METHOD USING THE SAME

Номер: US20140109933A1
Принадлежит: SAMSUNG ELECTRO-MECHANICS CO., LTD.

Disclosed herein are a cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles and a cleaning method of magnetic nanoparticles using the same. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles includes: a cleaning bath into which a solvent and magnetic nanoparticles are fed; a magnet member that is formed at a lower portion of the cleaning bath to separate the magnetic nanoparticles; and a discharge means that discharges the solvent from which the magnetic nanoparticles are separated. 1. A cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles , comprising:a cleaning bath into which a solvent and magnetic nanoparticles are fed;a magnet member that is formed at a lower portion of the cleaning bath to separate the magnetic nanoparticles; anda discharge means that discharges the solvent from which the magnetic nanoparticles are separated.2. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , further comprising:an agitator that agitates the solvent and the magnetic nanoparticles fed into the cleaning bath.3. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , further comprising:an ultrasonic generator that is formed at one side of the cleaning bath.4. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein a lower portion of the cleaning bath is inclined to one side.5. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein a lower portion of the cleaning bath is inclined in a funnel form.6. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein the magnet member is formed of a permanent magnet or an electromagnet.7. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic nanoparticles according to claim 1 , wherein the discharge means includes:a discharge pipe through which the solvent is discharged;a pump that is connected with one end of the discharge pipe; anda filter that is formed at the other end of the discharge pipe and is dipped in the cleaning bath.8. The cleaning apparatus of magnetic ...

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28-01-2021 дата публикации

RARE EARTH EXTRACTION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USE THEREOF

Номер: US20210025025A1
Принадлежит:

The invention comprises an apparatus and method of use thereof for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide, comprising the steps of: (1) dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the associated rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process; (2) driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, where the reaction comprises: REO+3H→2RE+3HO, where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide; and/or () monitoring the reaction process by monitoring generation of at least one of the rare earth and the water in a control system designed for continuous/semi-continuous operation. 1. A method for generating a rare earth from a rare earth oxide , comprising the steps of:dissociating the rare earth oxide and hydrogen gas in a reaction chamber by inductively heating the reaction chamber to greater than 2000° K to form the rare earth and water vapor in a reaction process;driving the reaction process forward by removing the water vapor from the reaction chamber by condensing and freezing the water vapor on a first cold trap surface as water ice, according to Le Chatelier's principle.2. The method of claim 1 , said reaction process comprising:{'br': None, 'sub': 2', '3', '2', '2, 'REO+3H→2RE+3HO'}where REO is a rare earth oxide and RE comprises a rare earth in the rare earth oxide, where the rare earth comprises at least one of: cerium (Ce), dysprosium (Dy), erbium (Er), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), holmium (Ho), lanthanum (La), lutetium (Lu), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), scandium (Sc), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and yttrium (Y).3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:weighing the cold trap surface to determine mass of water ice ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

Magnetic Mixer and Method

Номер: US20180028990A1
Принадлежит: Medisieve Ltd.

A molecular mixing system. In one embodiment, the molecular mixing system includes a motorized turntable; a speed controller to control the rotational speed of the motorized turntable; a plurality of magnets arranged in a first Halbach array, the first Halbach array located on the motorized turntable and concentric to the axis of the motorized turntable; and a sample conduit having an input port and an output port and having an outer wall defining a lumen, the sample conduit positioned within and concentric with the first Halbach array. 1. A molecular mixing system comprising:a motorized turntable;a speed controller to control the rotational velocity of the motorized turntable;a plurality of magnets arranged in a first Halbach array, the first Halbach array located on the motorized turntable and concentric with the axis of the motorized turntable; anda sample conduit having an input port and an output port and having an outer wall defining a lumen, the sample conduit positioned within and concentric with the axis of the first Halbach array,wherein, in operation, the first Halbach array rotates circumferentially about the outer circumference of the sample conduit.2. The molecular mixing system of further comprising a fluid comprising a plurality of magnetic particles that flows from input port to output port of the sample conduit.3. The molecular mixing system of wherein the fluid further comprises a plurality of magnetic nanoparticles.4. The molecular mixing system of wherein the magnetic particles comprise a ligand.5. The molecular mixing system of wherein at least one of the magnetic particles and the magnetic nanoparticles comprises one or more ligands.6. The molecular mixing system of wherein the sample conduit comprises a sample container.7. The molecular mixing system of wherein the sample container comprises an inner wall concentric with the outer wall and defining a lumen between the inner and outer wall claim 6 , the lumen in fluid communication with the ...

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04-02-2016 дата публикации

Method for selectively recovering the rare earths from an aqueous acid sulfate solution rich in aluminum and phosphates

Номер: US20160032419A1
Автор: Maxime Vincec
Принадлежит: Eramet SA

The present invention relates to a process for the selective recovery of the rare earth metals from an acidic aqueous sulfate solution comprising phosphates, aluminum and heavy rare earth metals, and possibly medium rare earth metals, iron(II) and titanium, characterized in that it comprises the following successive stages: a) neutralization at a pH of between 3 and 4 of an acidic aqueous sulfate solution comprising phosphates, aluminum and heavy rare earth metals, and possibly medium rare earth metals, iron(II) and titanium, the solution having a molar ratio Al/P>1 and a concentration of sulfates>100 g/l, by addition of a base, so as to precipitate the phosphate and the aluminum and the possible titanium, b) liquid/solid separation between the precipitate formed by the phosphate and the aluminum and the possible titanium and the aqueous sulfate solution, c) recovery of the aqueous sulfate solution, d) addition of phosphates to the aqueous sulfate solution obtained in stage c) such that the molar ratio of the solution obtained PO 4 /REs>4, so as to precipitate the heavy rare earth metal phosphates and the possible medium rare earth metal phosphates, e) liquid/solid separation between the precipitate formed by the heavy rare earth metal phosphates and the possible medium rare earth metal phosphates and the aqueous sulfate solution, f) recovery of the precipitate formed by the heavy rare earth metal phosphates and the possible medium rare earth metal phosphates.

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04-02-2016 дата публикации

A method for concentrating rare-earth metals in phosphogypsum

Номер: US20160032423A1

The present invention relates to a method for producing rare-earth metals (REM) compounds by complex processing of apatite, in particularly to a method for concentrating rare-earth metals (REM) in phosphogypsum, where to a process of decomposition of the REM containing raw phosphate material with sulphuric acid, a sodium salt in the amount of 0.25-5.0 kg in terms of NaO or a potassium salts in the amount of 0.25-5.0 kg in terms of KO or a mixture thereof in the amount of 0.25-5 kg in terms of NaO and KO to 1 kg of REM (in terms of LnOpresent in raw phosphate material) is added. The yield of REM transfer into phosphogypsum is up to 98%. 1. A method for concentrating rare-earth metals (REM) in phosphogypsum , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '3, 'a process of decomposition of the REM containing raw phosphate material with sulphuric acid, a sodium salt in the amount of 0.25 kg to 5.0 kg in terms of NaO or a potassium salts in the amount of 0.25 kg to 5.0 kg in terms of KO or a mixture thereof in the amount of 0.25 kg to 5 kg in terms of NaO and KO to 1 kg of REM (in terms of LnOpresent in raw phosphate material) is added.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein sulphate claim 1 , chloride or nitrate of sodium or potassium or a mixture thereof is used as the sodium and/or potassium salt. This patent application is a national phase filing under section 371 of PCT/RU2013/000988, filed Nov. 8, 2013, which claims the priority of Russian patent application 2013111926, filed Mar. 18, 2013, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The present invention relates to technologies for producing rare-earth metal (REM) compounds during complex processing of apatite. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides methods for concentrating rare-earth metals in phosphogypsum and purification of wet process phosphoric acid from REM.Tens of millions of tons of phosphorus-containing minerals, such as apatite, rock phosphate, etc., are ...

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01-02-2018 дата публикации

SCANDIUM-CONTAINING MASTER ALLOYS AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME

Номер: US20180030577A1
Принадлежит:

A method () is provided for making a scandium-containing alloy. The method includes providing a molten metal (), and mixing the molten metal with a scandium-containing precursor () which undergoes thermal decomposition at the temperature of the molten metal to produce scandium oxide, thereby producing a scandium-containing alloy. 1. A method for making a scandium-containing alloy , comprising:providing a molten metal; andmixing the molten metal with a scandium-containing precursor which undergoes thermal decomposition at the temperature of the molten metal to produce scandium oxide, thereby producing a scandium-containing alloy.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor undergoes thermal decomposition upon contact with the molten metal to produce scandium oxide.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor undergoes thermal decomposition at the temperature of the molten metal to produce scandium oxide and a gaseous decomposition product.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor contains carbon.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor contains at least one carbonyl moiety.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor is scandium oxalate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing precursor is scandium carbonate.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten metal comprises aluminum.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten metal comprises magnesium.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten metal comprises aluminum and magnesium.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten metal has a temperature of at least 600° C. when it is mixed with the scandium compound.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molten metal has a temperature within the range of about 600° C. to about 900° C. when it is mixed with the scandium compound.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing the molten metal and the scandium-containing precursor ...

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30-01-2020 дата публикации

Stable, concentrated radionuclide complex solutions

Номер: US20200030464A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to radionuclide complex solutions of high concentration and of high chemical stability, that allows their use as drug product for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. The stability of the drug product is achieved by at least one stabilizer against radiolytic degradation. The use of two stabilizers introduced during the manufacturing process at different stages was found to be of particular advantage. 1. A process for manufacturing a pharmaceutical aqueous solution , comprising:{'sup': '177', 'providing a solution comprising a complex of the radionuclide Lu (Lutetium-177) and a somatostatin receptor binding peptide linked to the chelating agent DOTA; a first stabilizer against radiolytic degradation, and optionally a second stabilizer against radiolytic degradation different from the first stabilizer; and'}diluting the solution comprising the complex with an aqueous dilution solution comprising at least one stabilizer against radiolytic degradation to obtain the pharmaceutical aqueous solution;{'sup': '177', 'wherein if the solution comprising the complex comprises only the first stabilizer as an stabilizer against radiolytic degradation and not the second stabilizer, then the aqueous dilution solution comprises at least one stabilizer against radiolytic degradation that is different from the first stabilizer, and in the obtained pharmaceutical aqueous solution, the radionuclide Lu is present in a concentration that it provides a volumetric radioactivity of from 250 to 500 MBq/mL and the stabilizers are present in a total concentration of from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/mL.'}2. The process according to claim 1 , comprising:{'sup': '177', 'claim-text': (1.1) providing an aqueous solution comprising the radionuclide;', '(1.2) providing an aqueous solution comprising the a somatostatin receptor binding peptide linked to the chelating agent, and a first stabilizer against radiolytic degradation and optionally a second stabilizer against radiolytic ...

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30-01-2020 дата публикации

Surface-modified metal compound particles, and method for producing surface-modified metal compound particles

Номер: US20200030878A1
Автор: Fumiyuki TAKASAKI
Принадлежит: Daiichi Kigenso Kagaku Kogyo Co Ltd

Provided are surface-modified metal compound particles comprising metal compound particles which are surface-modified with one or more types of carboxylic acid selected from a methacrylic acid, an acrylic acid, and a propionic acid, and a 12-hydroxystearic acid, wherein a portion or all of the one or more types of carboxylic acid selected from a methacrylic acid, an acrylic acid, and a propionic acid is a carboxylic acid (protonated) type.

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

Compositions, methods of making compositions, and hydrogen production via thermo-chemical splitting

Номер: US20210032118A1

The present disclosure provides for compositions, methods of making compositions, and methods of using the composition. In an aspect, the composition can be a reactive material that can be used to split a gas such as water or carbon dioxide.

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY SCANDIUM OXIDE

Номер: US20210032119A1
Принадлежит:

Provided is a method for obtaining high-purity scandium oxide efficiently from a solution containing scandium. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide of the present invention has a first firing step S for subjecting a solution containing scandium to oxalation treatment using oxalic acid and firing the obtained crystals of scandium oxalate at a temperature of 400 to 600° C., inclusive, a dissolution step S for dissolving the scandium compound obtained by firing in one or more solutions selected from hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to obtain a solution, a reprecipitation step S for subjecting the solution to oxalation treatment using oxalic acid and generating a reprecipitate of scandium oxalate, and a second firing step S for firing the reprecipitate of obtained scandium oxalate to obtain scandium oxide. 1. A method for producing high-purity scandium oxide , the method comprising:a first calcination step of subjecting a solution containing scandium to an oxalate formation treatment using oxalic acid and calcinating crystals of obtained scandium oxalate at a temperature of 400° C. to 600° C.;a dissolution step of dissolving a scandium compound obtained by calcinating, in at least one selected from hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to obtain a solution;a reprecipitation step of subjecting the solution to an oxalate formation treatment using oxalic acid to generate a reprecipitation product of scandium oxalate; anda second calcination step of calcinating the obtained reprecipitation product of scandium oxalate to obtain scandium oxide.2. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide according to claim 1 ,wherein in the reprecipitation step, the oxalate formation treatment is performed while a temperature of the solution is adjusted to 40° C. or higher and lower than 100° C.3. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide according to claim 1 , wherein in the second calcination step claim 1 , the calcination is performed while a calcination ...

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04-02-2021 дата публикации

Methods of Rare Earth Metal Recovery from Electronic Waste

Номер: US20210032725A1

Provided herein are methods of recovering rare earth metals from metallic waste using extraction and precipitation processes. In one embodiment, this application discloses a method of selectively extracting one or more rare earth metals from a metallic substrate, the method comprising the steps of: (a) crushing the metallic substrate to produce a crushed composition; (b) treating the crushed composition with a strong acid solution to produce an extraction composition; (c) heating the extraction composition; (d) adding a rare earth chelating agent to the heated extraction composition to produce a precipitate; and (e) isolating the precipitate. 1. A method of selectively extracting one or more rare earth metals from a metallic substrate , the method comprising the steps of:(a) crushing the metallic substrate to produce a crushed composition;(b) treating the crushed composition with a strong acid solution to produce an extraction composition;(c) heating the extraction composition;(d) adding a rare earth chelating agent to the heated extraction composition to produce a precipitate; and(e) isolating the precipitate.2. The method of wherein the rare earth metal is selected from the group consisting of neodymium (Nd) claim 1 , praseodymium (Pr) and dysprosium (Dy).3. The method of wherein the metallic substrate is a magnet or supermagnet.4. The method of wherein the metallic substrate is an audio component.5. The method of wherein step (a) is performed using a blender.6. The method of wherein the strong acid is sulfuric acid.7. The method of wherein the strong acid solution is 3N sulfuric acid.8. The method of wherein step (c) is performed by heating the extraction at 80° C.9. The method of wherein step (c) is performed for 30 minutes or less.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additional step of removing undissolved material from the extraction composition is inserted between steps (c) and (d).11. The method of wherein the rare earth chelating agent is selected from ...

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30-01-2020 дата публикации

Magnetic Removal Or Identification Of Damaged Or Compromised Cells Or Cellular Structures

Номер: US20200033331A1
Автор: Krug Kristie
Принадлежит: INGURAN, LLC

A method for cellular separation, including: combining sperm with magnetic particles comprising a negative zeta potential charge to form an admixture, each magnetic particle being no greater than 1,000 nm; binding a subpopulation of said sperm to said magnetic particles through an electrical charge interaction to provide a bound subpopulation; and magnetically separating said bound subpopulation from unbound sperm. 1. A method for cellular separation , comprising:combining sperm with magnetic particles comprising a negative zeta potential charge to form an admixture, each magnetic particle being no greater than 1,000 nm;binding a subpopulation of said sperm to said magnetic particles through an electrical charge interaction to provide a bound subpopulation; andmagnetically separating said bound subpopulation from unbound sperm.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each said magnetic particle comprises a charged surface.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising causing said magnetic particles to acquire said negative zeta potential charge by exposing said magnetic particles to a polar medium.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein each said magnetic particle comprises a chargeable silicon-containing compound which coats at least a portion of said magnetic particle.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying a magnetic field to said admixture to magnetically separate said bound subpopulation from said unbound sperm.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subpopulation of said sperm which binds to said magnetic particles comprises a first zeta potential charge claim 1 , and said sperm which do not bind to said magnetic particles comprise a second zeta potential charge which differs from said first zeta potential charge.7. The method of claim 6 , said first zeta potential charge more positive than said second zeta potential charge.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising affecting the charge of at least a portion of said sperm.9. The method of claim 1 , ...

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11-02-2016 дата публикации

A method for extracting rare-earth metals

Номер: US20160040268A1

The present invention relates to a method for complex processing of apatite concentrate resulting in producing concentrate of rare earth metals (REM) and plaster from phosphogypsum, a waste of sulphuric acid technology for producing phosphoric acid from apatite. The method comprises recrystallization of hemihydrate or anhydrite of calcium sulphate into dihydrate of calcium sulphate in the presence of a soluble calcium salt at concentrations of 0.075-3.75 M (in terms of Ca) at subacidic conditions (pH>1), and dissolution with strong acid (pKa<0) at a concentration of 0.2-8.0 M (in terms of H). Recovery of REM into solution is up to 95%, the residual content of impurities of phosphorus, fluorine and alkali metals in dihydrate of calcium sulphate does not exceed 0.3 wt. %, 0.1 wt. %, 0.05 wt. %, respectively. 1. A method for extracting rare earth metals (REM) from phosphogypsum , the method comprising;successive steps of recrystallization of phosphogypsum and dissolution of REM;{'sup': 2+', '+, 'sub': 'a', 'wherein recrystallization of hemihydrate or anhydrite of calcium sulphate into dihydrate of calcium sulphate is carried out in the presence of soluble calcium salt at concentration of 0.075 M to 3.75 M (in terms of Ca) at subacidic conditions (pH>1); and wherein dissolution is carried out with strong acid (pK<0) at concentration of 0.2 M to 8.0 M (in terms of H).'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the calcium nitrate or calcium chloride claim 1 , or a mixture thereof is used as the calcium salt claim 1 , and nitric acid or hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid or a mixture thereof is used as the acid.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein recrystallization is carried out at 10-50° C. during 0.25-4.0 hours claim 1 , preferable at 20-30° C. during 2.0-3.0 hours. This patent application is a national phase filing under section 371 of PCT/RU2013/000991, filed Nov. 8, 2013, which claims the priority of Russian patent application 2013109739, filed Mar. 5, 2013, each of which ...

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09-02-2017 дата публикации

MOLYBDENUM RECOVERY FROM AQUEOUS NITRIC ACID SOLUTION BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION

Номер: US20170037492A1
Принадлежит: UCHICAGO ARGONNE, LLC

The invention provides a method for extracting transition metals, the method comprising supplying a feedstream containing transition metal, mixing the feedstream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal, combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase, and combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase. 1. A method for extracting transition metals , the method comprising:a supplying a feed stream containing transition metal;b mixing the feed stream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal;d combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase; ande combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase.2. The method as recited in wherein the step of combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase causes at least about 96 percent of impurities within the feedstream to reside in the aqueous phase.3. The method as recited in wherein the step of combining the metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid causes impurities to remain in the organic extractant phase.4. The method as recited in wherein the transition metal residing in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase is a cation of a salt or a molybdenum-AHA complex.5. The method as ...

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09-02-2017 дата публикации

UTILIZATION OF TEMPERATURE HEAT ADSORPTION SKIN TEMPERATURE AS SCALE CONTROL REAGENT DRIVER

Номер: US20170037493A1
Автор: Arndt Rolf, Coleman Kim R.
Принадлежит:

The invention provides methods, compositions, and apparatuses for preventing the formation of scale in heap leach process solution distribution systems comprised of piping, spray nozzels, or emitter tubes. Solution distribution system components often become fouled by scale because of local hot spots more prone to form scale than other locations along the systems length. Positioning sensors that detect periods of high temperature stress and adjusting scale control reagent dosage to send the right amount to inhibit hot spot deposition allows for the control of scale without using wasteful excessive amounts of scale control reagents. This can vastly improve scale control performance under high temperature stress conditions while minimizing scale control reagent waste under less severe stress conditions to reduce the total operating cost of running heap leach mining operations which depend upon well-functioning solution distribution systems 1. A process solution distribution system comprising:a pump disposed and adapted to distribute a scale control reagent to at least a portion of the process distribution system in response to a measured or calculated temperature;emitter tubing in fluid communication with the pump and exposed to weather and direct sunlight;optional piping in fluid communication with the pump and the emitter tubing;a section of tubing located within 1000 feet of the pump, the section of tubing comprising the same materials as the emitter tubing, the section of tubing characterized as not being in fluid communication with the pump or emitter tubing;a sensor affixed to the section of tubing, the sensor adapted to measure or calculate the measured or calculated temperature; andoptionally at least one additional sensor.2. The process solution distribution system of wherein the sensor is selected from the list consisting of: thermocouple claim 1 , resistive temperature device claim 1 , infrared detector claim 1 , bimetallic device claim 1 , liquid expansion ...

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12-02-2015 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Removing Metallic Matter from an Oil Well Circulating Completion Fluid Stream

Номер: US20150041401A1
Принадлежит:

A method and apparatus for removing metallic material from a circulating well fluid stream provides a treatment vessel that is divided into first and second sections. Each of the sections includes a magnetic field that can be in the form of one or more magnets. In one embodiment, multiple magnets are provided in each of the sections. Manifolds attach to an influent and to an effluent of the treatment vessel. Each manifold enables selective transfer of fluid to either of the selected sections. Similarly, discharge of circulating fluid can be from either of the sections via a discharge manifold. The treatment vessel enables continuous treatment by valving fluid flow so that only one section need be used at a time in order that the other section could be serviced for removing collected metallic material from the magnetic field or from the magnets. 1. A method of removing metal cuttings from oil well circulating fluid stream comprising the steps of:a) providing a vessel holding multiple bars, said vessel having first and second sections;b) placing the magnetized bars in an oil well circulating fluid flow stream, wherein at least one of said bars is in each section;c) allowing metal cuttings to accumulate on the magnetized bars in one of said sections over time;d) removing the magnetized bars from the section of steps “b” and “c” flow stream; ande) removing the metallic material from the outer surface of the magnetized bar;f) switching the flow stream to the second section.2. The method of removing metal cuttings from oil well drilling mud stream of further comprising disconnecting flow from the first section before step “f”.3. The method of removing metal cuttings from oil well drilling mud stream of further comprising inflowing fluid using a manifold.4. The method of removing metal cuttings from oil well drilling mud stream of wherein the manifold is valved.5. The method of removing metal cuttings from oil well drilling mud stream of wherein each section carries ...

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

Method for recovering scandium

Номер: US20190040492A1
Принадлежит: SUMITOMO METAL MINING CO LTD

The present invention provides a method for easy and efficient recovery of high purity scandium from nickel oxide ore, the method comprising: an adsorption step for passing a scandium-containing solution through an ion exchange resin to adsorb scandium on the ion exchange resin; an elution step for eluting scandium from the ion exchange resin to obtain a post-elution solution; an impurity extraction step in which after the elution step, the scandium-containing solution is subjected to a first solvent extraction using an amine-based impurity extractant and is separated into a first aqueous phase containing scandium and into a first organic phase containing impurities; and a scandium extraction step in which the first aqueous phase is subjected to a second solvent extraction using an amide derivative-containing scandium extractant to obtain a second organic phase containing scandium.

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07-02-2019 дата публикации

BAUXITE RESIDUE RECYCLING

Номер: US20190040494A1
Принадлежит:

Recovery of scandium from mined red mud includes adding an acid to a quantity of red mud for converting oxides in the red mud, and roasting the quantity of red mud for decomposing compounds having low thermal stability, typically iron and titanium. Water is added to the roasted red mud for leaching the converted oxides into a leach liquor mixture including scandium and other dissolved rare earths, and the leach liquor mixture is agitated by sonication or ball milling to increase an exposed surface area of red mud particles in the leach liquor. PH of the leach liquor is adjusted to precipitate the rare earths while leaving the scandium in solution in the leach liquor, followed by precipitating the separated scandium oxalate remaining in the leach liquor by reducing the pH and adding oxalic acid. Precipitated scandium oxalate may then be filtered from the leach liquor. 1. A method for recovering scandium from mined red mud , comprising:adding an acid to a quantity of red mud for converting oxides in the red mud;roasting the quantity of red mud for decomposing compounds having low thermal stability;adding water to the roasted red mud for leaching the converted oxides into a leach liquor mixture including scandium and rare earths;agitating the leach liquor mixture to increase an exposed surface area of red mud particles in the leach liquor;adjusting the pH of the leach liquor to precipitate the rare earths while leaving the scandium in solution in the leach liquor;precipitating scandium oxalate from the leach liquor by reducing the pH and adding oxalic acid; andfiltering the precipitated scandium oxalate from the leach liquor.2. The method of wherein the red mud includes scandium claim 1 , iron and titanium claim 1 , further comprising extracting iron oxide and titanium oxide from the roasted red mud.3. The method of further comprising adding sulfuric acid to the red mud for converting oxides in the red mud to sulfates claim 1 , the sulfates including iron claim 1 , ...

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16-02-2017 дата публикации

CONNECTION ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20170043354A1
Принадлежит:

A connection assembly is disclosed for connecting a magnetic separator into a central heating system circuit, the magnetic separator including a housing, a separation chamber within the housing, and externally threaded inlet and outlet ports extending from the housing. The connection assembly comprises: a fitment adapted to be received within at least one of the ports of the separator, the fitment including a bore for carrying fluid from/to the central heating circuit to/from the separator; a threaded connector disposed around the bore for securing the fitment to the or each port, the threaded connector having a hand grip area for facilitating tightening of the connector by hand; and a removable force transfer element receivable between the fitment and the threaded connector for transferring force between the threaded connector and the fitment. 1. A sleeve for a magnet assembly of a magnetic separator for use in a central heating system , the sleeve comprising first and second sleeve members , and a connection for connecting respective ends of the first and second sleeve members together.2. The sleeve of claim 1 , wherein the assembled two-part sleeve is substantially sealed against ingress of magnetic particles.3. The sleeve of claim 1 , wherein the first and second sleeve members are identical in shape.4. The sleeve of claim 1 , wherein the connection includes at least one resilient latch member on the first sleeve member and a co-operating recess on the second sleeve member claim 1 , and at least one resilient latch member on the second sleeve member and a co-operating recess on the first sleeve member.5. The sleeve of claim 1 , wherein the connection includes two opposing resilient latch members and two opposing recesses on the first sleeve member claim 1 , and two opposing resilient latch members and two opposing recesses on the second sleeve member claim 1 , the latch members of the first sleeve member co-operating with the recesses of the second sleeve member ...

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19-02-2015 дата публикации

Hybrid Fuel and Method of Making the Same

Номер: US20150047252A1
Автор: Goerz, JR. David
Принадлежит:

A hybrid fuel and methods of making the same. A process for making a hybrid fuel includes the steps of combining a biofuel emulsion blend and a liquid fuel product to form a hybrid fuel. Optionally, the hybrid fuel can be combined with water in a water-in-oil process and include oxygenate additives and additive packages. A hybrid fuel includes blends of biofuel emulsions and liquid fuel products, including light gas diesel. Optionally, the hybrid fuel can include water, oxygenate additives, and other additive packages. 1introducing a first reactant to a reactor, wherein the first reactant comprises one or more light gases;exposing the first reactant to non-thermal plasma under conditions sufficient to reform the first reactant to form syngas and to generate free radicals and energetic electrons;introducing a first liquid feed fuel to the reactor; andintimately contacting the reaction products from the exposure of the first reactant to non-thermal plasma with the first liquid feed fuel in the reactor to produce a modified liquid fuel.. A hybrid fuel prepared from a process that comprises: This application claims the benefit, and priority benefit, of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/794,115, filed Mar. 15, 2013, titled “Hybrid Fuel and Method of Making Same,” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein in its entirety.This invention generally relates to the formulation and production of hybrid fuels, and, more specifically, to techniques for the production of liquid fuels, including mineral-, plant-, and animal-based hydrocarbons.Transportable liquids are important commodities for fuel and chemical use. Currently, liquid hydrocarbons are mostly frequently produced from crude oil-based feedstocks by a variety of processes. However, as the world supplies of crude oil feedstocks decrease, there is a growing need to find alternative sources of liquid energy products. Possible alternate sources include biomass, coal and natural gas. Methane, which is the ...

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19-02-2015 дата публикации

Method for Recovering Rare Earth from Rare Earth Element-Containing Alloy

Номер: US20150047469A1
Автор: Hino Eiji, Shindo Yuichiro
Принадлежит:

A method for recovering a rare earth element from a rare earth element-containing alloy, wherein a rare earth element is eluted by performing electrolysis in an electrolyte which contains a metal powder of a rare earth element-containing alloy. An object of this invention is to provide a method for extremely easily and efficiently recovering a rare earth element. 1. A method for recovering a rare earth element , wherein a rare earth element is eluted by performing electrolysis in an electrolyte which contains a metal powder of a rare earth element-containing alloy.2. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 1 , wherein electric conducting salt is added to the electrolyte.3. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 2 , wherein pH of the electrolyte is set between 2 and 8 claim 2 , and a solution temperature of the electrolyte is set between 10 and 90° C.4. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 3 , wherein electrolysis is performed while agitating the electrolyte.5. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 4 , wherein a rare earth element is recovered from a solution to which a rare earth element was eluted.6. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 5 , wherein a rare earth element is recovered claim 5 , via a solvent extraction method or a crystallization method claim 5 , from a solution to which a rare earth element was eluted.7. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 1 , wherein pH of the electrolyte is set between 2 and 8 claim 1 , and a solution temperature of the electrolyte is set between 10 and 90° C.8. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolysis is performed while agitating the electrolyte.9. The method for recovering a rare earth element according to claim 1 , wherein the rare earth element is recovered from a solution to which the rare earth element is ...

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18-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERING SCANDIUM

Номер: US20160047014A1
Принадлежит:

The present invention effectively recover high-grade scandium from nickel oxide ores. The present invention includes a leaching step (S) for charging nickel oxide ores and sulfuric acid into a pressurized vessel, a neutralizing step (S) for adding a neutralizing agent to the leachate to obtain a neutralized precipitate and a neutralized liquid, a sulfidizing step (S) for adding a sulfidizing agent to the neutralized liquid, an ion exchange step (S) for bringing the sulfidized solution into contact with a chelate resin, a solvent extraction step (S) for bringing a Sc eluent into contact with an extracting agent, a Sc precipitation Step (S) for adding a neutralizing agent or oxalic acid to a stripping solution, and a calcination step (S) for drying and calcining a precipitate to obtain scandium oxide. 1. A method for recovering scandium , comprising:the leaching step of obtaining a leachate and leach residue by solid-liquid separation under high temperature and high pressure after charging a nickel oxide ore containing scandium, aluminum and chromium into a pressure vessel with sulfuric acid,the neutralization step of obtaining neutralized sediment and a post-neutralization solution by adding a neutralizer to the leachate,the sulfuration step of by adding a sulfidizing agent to the post-neutralization solution, separating the liquid into nickel sulfide and a post-sulfuration solution,the ion exchange step of obtaining a scandium eluent by bringing the post-sulfuration solution into contact with a chelate resin to adsorb the scandium on the chelate resin,the solvent extraction step of obtaining a stripping solution by bringing the scandium eluent into contact with an extraction agent,the scandium precipitation step of obtaining precipitates by adding a neutralizer or oxalic acid to the stripping liquid, andthe roasting step of obtaining scandium oxide by drying and roasting the precipitates: wherein the chelate resin is a resin having iminodiacetic acid as a functional ...

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