Novel complex for treatment and/or prophylaxis of parasitic infections

Disclosed are complexes of an antipneumocystic compound and an antimalarial compound, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using said complexes or compositions for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of parasitic infections.

Method for preparing alizarin derivative compound, novel alizarin derivative compound, surface modification method, photoelectric conversion film, photoelectric conversion element, and electrophotographic photoreceptor

The present invention provides a novel alizarin derivative compound and a simplified and low cost method for preparing an alizarin derivative compound including: obtaining a compound represented by Formula (2) using a compound represented by Formula (3); and obtaining an alizarin derivative compound represented by Formula (1) using the compound represented by Formula (2); in Formulae (1) to (3), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; n represents an integer of 1 to 3, L represents a specific alkyl group; Q represents an atomic group needed to form an aromatic ring or a heteroaromatic ring with adjacent carbon atoms; and P represents an atomic group which includes an atom(s) selected from a hydrogen atom, a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a silicon atom and a boron atom, and which is needed to form a ring structure group with adjacent two oxygen atoms and two carbon atoms;

ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS OF 1,4-NAPHTOQUINONE STRUCTURE

The present invention relates to a compound having formula (I) wherein: Ris chosen from the group consisting of: phenyl group, possibly substituted, —CH—CH—R′group, R′being chosen from the group consisting of: H, —OH, halogen, alkyl, aryl, CHO, —CN, —NO, —SR, —OR, —NRR, —CONRR, —COOR, and —NHCOR, Rand Rrepresenting independently from each other H, an alkyl group or an aryl group, R′being preferably in para position, and —CH—CO—R′ group, R′ representing an aryl or heteroaryl group, said aryl and heteroaryl groups being possibly substituted, Ris chosen from the group consisting of: —OH and halogen, and R, R, Rand Rare in particular H, for its use for the prevention and/or the treatment of bacterial infections. 3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein Ris a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein Ris a phenyl group claim 1 , substituted by an aryl group.5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein Ris chosen from the group consisting of: —CH—CH—R′group and —CH—CO—R′ group claim 1 , R′and R′ being as defined in .7. The compound according to claim 6 , wherein R′is a group in para position having formula —OR′ claim 6 , R′being H or an alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.8. The compound according to claim 6 , wherein Ris chosen from the groups having formula —CH—CO—R′ claim 6 , R′ being as defined in .9. The compound according to claim 8 , wherein R′ is a substituted and unsubstituted aryl group.10. The compound for the use according to claim 8 , wherein R′ is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.12. The compound according to claim 11 , wherein R′is a group in para position chosen from the alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms claim 11 , and the groups having formula —OR′ claim 11 , R′being chosen from H and alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.13. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein R′ is a substituted and unsubstituted heteroaryl group.15. (canceled)16. The ...

ANTI-LEISHMANIAL COMPOUND AND ANTI-LEISHMANIAL DRUG

Provided is an anti-leishmanial compound represented by formula (1): 6. An anti-leishmanial drug comprising the anti-leishmanial compound according to or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.7. An anti-leishmanial drug comprising the anti-leishmanial compound according to or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.8. An anti-leishmanial drug comprising the anti-leishmanial compound according to or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.9. An anti-leishmanial drug comprising the anti-leishmanial compound according to or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.10. An anti-leishmanial drug comprising the anti-leishmanial compound according to or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The present invention relates to an anti-leishmanial compound having a high anti-leishmanial activity, and an anti-leishmanial drug.Leishmaniasis is caused by flagellated protozoan parasites of the genus , which are obligate intracellular parasites of phagocytic macrophages. Leishmaniasis has been designated as one of six major tropical diseases by the World Health Organization (WHO). Leishmaniasis is vector-borne disease by the bite of blood-sucking female sandfly vectors, resulting in the parasite inoculation to the skin, viscera or the like of mammalian hosts. The symptoms of Leishmaniasis is fatal in severe ranging from mild to heal, but pentavalent antimony formulations have been used primarily as a treatment known to cause severe adverse side effects. Therefore, there is a demand for a new drug having a low risk of adverse side effects. And Amphotericin B was used originally as an antifungal agent, which is also used to treat leishmaniasis. Furthermore, AmBisome has been developed as a drug suppressing the adverse side effects, but this drug has a problem that the drug is expensive.On the other hand, it has been reported that marine algae- ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ATOVAQUONE

Disclosed herein is novel process for preparation of atovaquone, which process includes reacting 1H-2-benzopyran-1,4(3H)-dione with 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanecarbaldehyde. The invention further discloses novel intermediates useful in the preparation of atovaquone. 6. A process as claimed in wherein the reaction proceeds in the presence of a nucleophile/base.7. A process as claimed in wherein the nucleophile/base is sodium methoxide (NaOMe).8. A process as claimed in wherein the reaction proceeds in the presence of a catalyst or a base.9. A process as claimed in wherein the catalyst or base is morpholine.10. A process as claimed in wherein the catalyst or base is isobutylamine.11. A process as claimed in wherein the hydrogenating agent is Pd/C and dry activated carbon.15. (canceled) The present invention relates to a new process for the preparation of atovaquone. In particular, the present invention relates to novel intermediates useful in the preparation of atovaquone.Atovaquone, 2-[trans-4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl]-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (compound of formula (I))is a useful medicine for the treatment and prophylaxis of infections. Atovaquone is potently active (in animals and in vitro) against , and tachyzoite and cyst forms of . Due to its inhibitory effect in sensitive parasites, atovaquone can act by selectively affecting mitochondrial electron transport and parallel processes such as ATP and pyrimidine biosynthesis.Atovaquone is approved for marketing in the US under the tradename Mepron® as tablets of 250 mg and an oral suspension which is indicated for the treatment and prophylaxis of infection. It is also available in combination with proguanil hydrochloride under the tradename Malarone® for the treatment and prevention of malaria.European Patent No. 123238 discloses 2-substituted-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones, including atovaquone, which are said to be active against the human malaria parasite and also against species such as and , which are ...

TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES WITH NAPHTHOQUINONES

Methods of treating, preventing or suppressing symptoms associated with mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), dominant optic atrophy (DOA); mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), Leigh syndrome or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) with compounds of Formula (I) are disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods are also disclosed. 3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein R claim 1 , Rand Rare independently selected from —(C-C)alkyl.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen and Ris —(C-C)alkyl.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein Rand Rare independently of each other —O(C-C)alkyl and Ris —(C-C)alkyl.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein R claim 6 , Rand Rare independently of each other —(C-C)alkyl.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein Rand Rare —O(C-C)alkyl and Ris —(C-C)alkyl.9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the bond indicated by a dashed line is a double bond.10. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the bond indicated by a dashed line is a single bond.12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein R claim 11 , Rand Rare independently of each other —(C-C)alkyl.13. The method according to claim 11 , wherein Rand Rare hydrogen and Ris —(C-C)alkyl.14. The method according to claim 11 , wherein Rand Rare —O(C-C)alkyl and Ris —(C-C)alkyl.15. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the bond indicated by a dashed line is a double bond.16. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the m′ is 3.17. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the compound is selected from:2-(3-hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-6,10,14-trien-1-yl)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione;2-(3-hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-6,10,14-trien-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione; and any stereoisomer, mixture of stereoisomers, salt, crystalline form, non-crystalline form, hydrate ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A STABLE POLYMORPHIC FORM OF ATOVAGUONE

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone exhibiting characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 2θ±0.2°θ) at about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5, which comprises: (a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles; (b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles at a minimal temperature of between 140° C. to 160° C. depending on the particle size of the sample; and (c) cooling the sample to obtain the stable polymorphic form of Atovaquone. 1. A process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone which comprises:(a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles;(b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles of step (a) at a temperature of at least about 160′C for a time sufficient of at least about one hour to obtain a stable polymorphic faun of Atovaquone, having characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 20±0.2°θ) at approximately one or more of the positions: about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5; and(c) cooling the sample of step (b).2. A process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone which comprises:(a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles wherein at least about 90% of the Atovaquone particles have a volume diameter of equal or less than about 40μ;(b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles of step (a) at a temperature of at least about 140′C for a time sufficient to obtain a stable polymorphic form of Atovaquone, having characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 20±0.2°θ) at approximately one or more of the positions: about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5; and(c) cooling the sample of step (b).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Atovaquone particles of step (c) are further micronized if non-micronized particles are used in step (a) claim 1 , to obtain Atovaquone particles having ...

Process for the production of alpha-tocotrienol and derivatives

The invention discloses novel processes for production, enrichment and/or isolation of alpha-tocotrienol from source material comprising at least one non-alpha-tocotrienol, such as natural extracts comprising mixed tocotrienols.

METHOD FOR PREPARING A HERBICIDAL COMPOUND

The present invention discloses a simple method for transforming cashew nut shell liquid into an active herbicidal composition. 2. The method of wherein R is alkyl having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms.3. The method of wherein R′ is alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.4. The method of wherein R″ is hydrogen or alkyl having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.6. The method of wherein alkylation step b) is carried out with alcohol R′OH wherein R′ is alkyl having up to 6 carbon atoms claim 1 , preferably methyl claim 1 , or with alkyl halide R′X wherein X is halogen claim 1 , or with alkyl sulfonate or alkyl sulfate claim 1 , or dialkyl sulfate claim 1 , optionally in a solvent.7. The method of wherein the alkylation step b) is carried out with dialkyl carbonate claim 6 , preferably dimethyl carbonate claim 6 , in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.8. The method of wherein first oxidation step c) is carried out with oxygen claim 1 , or hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , or CrO claim 1 , or potassium permanganate claim 1 , or ferric chloride claim 1 , or potassium dichromate claim 1 , or nitric acid claim 1 , or with air in the presence of a catalyst selected from salcomine claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Ru claim 1 , Zr or Rh.9. The method of wherein Thiele (Thiele-Winter) acetoxylation step d) is carried out with acetic anhydride in the presence of sulfuric acid claim 1 , or triflic acid claim 1 , or bismuth triflate claim 1 , or acetic phosphoric anhydride or boron trifluoride.10. The method of wherein deacetylation step e) is carried out with lithium aluminium hydride or in the presence of a Lewis acid or with hydrochloric or another strong acid like sulphuric or para-toluenesulfonic acids in polar solvent.11. The method of wherein steps c claim 1 , d) claim 1 , and e) are replaced by a treatment with air or oxygen in the presence of a catalyst.12. The method of wherein the oxidizing is carried out with ferric chloride.13. The method of wherein the oxidizing is carried out ...

DEUTERATED IDEBENONE

The present invention in one embodiment provides a compound of Formula I: 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each of R claim 1 , Rand Ris independently selected from CHand CD.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.15. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; and each Yis deuterium.19. The compound of claim 1 , wherein any atom not designated as deuterium is present at its natural isotopic abundance.20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.21. A method of reducing oxidative toxicity in mitochondria claim 1 , comprising contacting mitochondria with a compound of .22. A method of treating a condition that is Duchenne's muscular dystrophy or multiple sclerosis claim 1 , comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound of .23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the condition is primary progressive multiple sclerosis. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/414,039, filed on Jan. 9, 2015, which is the U.S. National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2013/050302, filed on Jul. 12, 2013, published in English, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/670,716, ...

Methods and Compositions for Treating Leukemia

The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating leukemia by cyclohexenone compounds. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the leukemia is an acute leukemia.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the leukemia is chronic leukemia.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the acute leukemia is an acute myeloid leukemia claim 2 , acute erythroid leukemia claim 2 , acute lymphoblastic leukemia claim 2 , T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia claim 2 , adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma claim 2 , precursor T acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma claim 2 , or blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the chronic leukemia is a chronic myelogenous leukemia claim 3 , chronic lymphocytic leukemia claim 3 , hairy cell leukemia.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the chronic leukemia is a chronic myelogenous leukemia.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cyclohexenone compound claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 1 , metabolite claim 1 , solvate or prodrug thereof claim 1 , is administered orally claim 1 , parenterally or intravenously.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cyclohexenone compound claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 1 , metabolite claim 1 , solvate or prodrug thereof claim 1 , is administered by injection.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said cyclohexenone compound claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 1 , metabolite claim 1 , solvate or prodrug thereof claim 1 , is administered orally.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said subject is human.11Antrodia camphorata.. The method of claim 1 , wherein said compound is isolated from12. The method of claim 1 , wherein R is a hydrogen claim 1 , C(═O)CH claim 1 , C(═O)CH claim 1 , or C(═O)CH.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of R claim 1 , Rand Rindependently is a hydrogen claim 1 , methyl claim 1 , ethyl claim 1 , propyl claim 1 , butyl claim 1 , pentyl claim 1 , hexyl claim 1 , heptyl claim 1 , or octyl.14. The method ...

REDOX-ACTIVE THERAPEUTICS FOR TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES AND OTHER CONDITIONS AND MODULATION OF ENERGY BIOMARKERS

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention, such as alpha-tocopherol quinone. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed. 2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)6. A method of treating a mitochondrial disorder claim 5 , modulating one or more energy biomarkers claim 5 , normalizing one or more energy biomarkers claim 5 , or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers claim 5 , comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount or effective amount of one or more compounds of .13. A method of treating a mitochondrial disorder claim 12 , modulating one or more energy biomarkers claim 12 , normalizing one or more energy biomarkers claim 12 , or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers claim 12 , by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount or effective amount of one or more compounds of .16. A method of treating a mitochondrial disorder claim 15 , modulating one or more energy biomarkers claim 15 , normalizing one or more energy biomarkers claim 15 , or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers claim 15 , by administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount or effective amount of one or more compounds of .18. (canceled)19. The method of claim 6 , wherein the mitochondrial disorder is selected from the group consisting of inherited mitochondrial diseases; Myoclonic Epilepsy with Ragged Red Fibers (MERRF); Mitochondrial Myopathy claim 6 , Encephalopathy claim 6 , Lactacidosis ...

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING AN AQUEOUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTION

Process for manufacturing an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution comprising the following steps: —hydrogenating a working solution which comprises an alkylanthraquinone and/or tetrahydroalkylanthraquinone and a mixture of a non-polar organic solvent and a polar organic solvent wherein the concentration of non-polar organic solvent in said mixture is equal to or higher than 30 wt %; —oxidizing the hydrogenated working solution to produce hydrogen peroxide; and —isolating the hydrogen peroxide, wherein the polar organic solvent is a substituted cyclohexane carbonitrile. 114-. (canceled)15. A process for manufacturing an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution comprising the following steps:hydrogenating a working solution which comprises an alkylanthraquinone and/or tetrahydroalkylanthraquinone and a mixture of a non-polar organic solvent and a polar organic solvent wherein the concentration of non-polar organic solvent in said mixture is equal to or higher than 30 wt %; isolating the hydrogen peroxide,', 'wherein the polar organic solvent is a substituted cyclohexane carbonitrile., 'oxidizing the hydrogenated working solution to produce hydrogen peroxide; and'}16. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the process is a continuous process and wherein the working solution is circulated in a loop through the hydrogenation claim 15 , oxidation and purification steps.17. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the alkylanthraquinone is chosen from the group consisting of ethylanthraquinones like 2-ethylanthraquinone (EQ) claim 15 , 2-isopropylanthraquinone claim 15 , 2-sec- and 2-tert-butylanthraquinone (BQ) claim 15 , 1 claim 15 ,3- claim 15 , 2 claim 15 ,3- claim 15 , 1 claim 15 ,4- and 2 claim 15 ,7-dimethylanthraquinone claim 15 , amylanthraquinones (AQ) like 2-iso- and 2-tert-amylanthraquinone and mixtures of these quinones.18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the quinone is EQ claim 17 , BQ or AQ claim 17 , preferably EQ.19. The process according to ...

TOTAL SYNTHESIS OF REDOX-ACTIVE 1.4-NAPHTHOQUINONES AND THEIR METABOLITES AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC USE AS ANTIMALARIAL AND SCHISTOMICIDAL AGENTS

Naphthoquinones, azanaphthoquinones and benxanthones, their process of synthesis and methods of their use as antimalarial or antischistosomal agents. 6. A method of treating or preventing a parasitic disease due to blood-feeding parasites comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a an effective amount of compound according to and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.18Plasmodium. A method of treating a subject suffering from target blood-feeding parasites comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound according to and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof claim 1 , with the proviso that when the blood-feeding parasite is claim 1 , then when X claim 1 , X claim 1 , Xand Xare all carbon atoms claim 1 , or when Xis a nitrogen atom claim 1 , and X claim 1 , Xand Xare all carbon atoms claim 1 , then at least one of X claim 1 , X claim 1 , X claim 1 , Xand Xrepresents a nitrogen atom.19. A method of treating or preventing a parasitic disease due to blood-feeding parasites comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a an effective amount of compound according to and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.20. A method of treating or preventing a parasitic disease due to blood-feeding parasites comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a an effective amount of compound according to and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The present invention relates to a new process for synthesizing 1.4-naphthoquinones and their metabolites and to their application in therapeutics.and are blood feeding parasites digesting the host's hemoglobin. and detoxifying the toxic heme into an insoluble polymer called hemozoin.parasites are exposed to elevated fluxes of reactive oxygen species during the life cycle in the human host and therefore high activities of intracellular antioxidant systems are needed. The most important antioxidative system consists of thiols which are regenerated by disulfide reductases; ...

Naphthoquinone Compounds and Methods for Preparing the Same

The present application provides vitamin K metabolite derivatives and methods for preparing vitamin K metabolites and metabolite derivatives. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris —C(O)ORand Ris —CHCH.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris —C(O)ORand Ris —H.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris —H and Ris —H.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein Ris benzyl and each Ris independently C-Calkyl.9. The method of claim 6 , the method further comprising removing the base via filtration prior to contacting the triester compound with a redox reagent claim 6 , the base comprising sodium hydroxide.10. The method of claim 6 , the redox reagent comprising one or more of: a catalyst claim 6 , H claim 6 , a single-electron transfer oxidant.11. The method of claim 6 , the redox reagent comprising a catalyst and H.12. The method of claim 11 , the catalyst comprising one or more of: palladium (Pd) claim 11 , platinum (Pt) claim 11 , rhodium (Rh) claim 11 , ruthenium (Ru) claim 11 , or Nickel (Ni).13. The method of claim 11 , the catalyst being palladium on carbon (Pd/C).14. The method of claim 6 , the radical initiator comprising a peroxydisulfate salt and a silver(I) salt.15. The method of claim 14 , the peroxydisulfate salt being ammonium persulfate.16. The method of claim 14 , the silver salt being silver nitrite.17. The method of claim 6 , comprising the hydrolysis reagent claim 6 , the hydrolysis reagent comprising a Brønstad acid.18. The method of claim 6 , the fourth set of conditions comprising heating the solution to a temperature of at least 100° C.19. The method of claim 6 , the fourth set of conditions comprising heating the solution for a period of time claim 6 , and subsequently contacting the solution with a decarboxylation promoter claim 6 , the decarboxylation promoter being N claim 6 ,N-carbonyldiimidazole. This application claims priority from, and the benefit of, U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/376,609, filed on Aug. 18, 2016, the entire contents of ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING 1,1'-BINAPHTHYL DERIVATIVES AND 1,1'-BINAPHTHYL DERIVATIVES

In a production method of the present disclosure, a 1,1′-binaphthyl precursor derivative, an organic acid, and an iodinating or brominating agent are mixed. The 1,1′-binaphthyl precursor derivative has a 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton and has an electron-donating group at the 2-position of the 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton and at the 2′-position of the 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton, and the electron-donating group contains an oxygen atom directly bonded to the skeleton. With the production method of the present disclosure, a 1,1′-binaphthyl derivative having a substituent introduced at the 8-position and/or 8′-position of the 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton can be obtained. The 1,1′-binaphthyl derivative obtained by the production method of the present disclosure can be a compound further having a substituent introduced at at least one position selected from the 4-position, 4′-position, 5-position, 5′-position, 6-position, and 6′-position of the 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton. 1. A method for producing 1 ,1′-binaphthyl derivatives , comprising mixing a 1 ,1′-binaphthyl precursor derivative , an organic acid , and an iodinating or brominating agent to obtain a 1 ,1′-binaphthyl derivative ,the 1,1′-binaphthyl precursor derivative having a 1,1′-binaphthyl skeleton and having an electron-donating group at 2-position of the skeleton and at 2′-position of the skeleton, the electron-donating group containing an oxygen atom directly bonded to the skeleton,the 1,1′-binaphthyl derivative having a substituent introduced at 8-position and/or 8′-position of the skeleton.2. The method for producing 1 claim 1 ,1′-binaphthyl derivatives according to claim 1 , wherein the precursor derivative claim 1 , the organic acid claim 1 , and the iodinating agent are mixed.3. The method for producing 1 claim 1 ,1′-binaphthyl derivatives according to claim 1 , wherein the electron-donating group is —OR wherein R is a hydrogen atom claim 1 , an alkyl group having 1 to 50 carbon atoms claim 1 , an allyl group claim 1 , a ...

ANTICANCER AGENTS OF THE ANTHRACYCLIN FAMILY

Anthracyclin compounds of the general structure: 2. A compound according to wherein Ris OH.3. A compound according to wherein Ris OCH.4. A compound according to wherein Ris H.5. A compound according to wherein Ris OCH.6. A compound according to wherein Ris H.7. A compound according to wherein Ris OH.8. A compound according to wherein Ris OCH.9. A compound according to wherein Ris OCH.10. A compound according to wherein all of R—Rand R—Rare methyl.11. A compound according to wherein all of R—Rand R—Rare methyl.12. A compound according to wherein Ris methyl.13. A compound according to wherein Ris methyl.14. A compound according to wherein Ris acetyl.15. A compound according to wherein Ris acetyl.16. A compound according to wherein Ris hydroxyacetyl.17. A compound according to wherein Ris hydroxyacetyl.18. A method for treating cancer comprising administering to a patient diagnosed with claim 1 , or suffering from claim 1 , cancer a therapeutically effective amount of a compound according to .19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a compound according to . This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/844,617, filed Jul. 10, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.The following invention was made with Government support under contract number NIH GM077516. The Government has certain rights in this invention.The invention relates to compounds in the anthracyclin family that inhibit the growth of neoplastic cells (including multidrug resistant cells). These compounds are useful to treat various cancers.Anthracyclines rank among the most effective anti-cancer drugs ever developed. The first anthracyclines were isolated from early in the 1960s and were named doxorubicin (DOX) and daunorubicin (DNR). DOX and DNR both consist of an aglyconic and a sugar moiety. The aglycone consists of a tetracyclic ring with adjacent quinone-hydroquinone groups in rings C-B, a methoxy ...

METHOD FOR INHIBITING TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI

Methods are provided to inhibit proliferation of with imido-substituted 1,4-naphthoquinones, including novel compounds. Administering an imido-substituted 1,4-naphthoquinone can be used to provide prophylaxis or treatment to a patient in need of treatment against Chagas disease. 2Trypanosoma cruzi. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the imido-substituted 1 claim 1 ,4-naphthoquinone has in vitro toxicity against greater than nitfurtimox.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the imido-substituted 1 claim 1 ,4-naphthoquinone has an in vitro selectivity index greater than nitfurtimox.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the imido-substituted 1 claim 1 ,4-naphthoquinone has an ICcytoxicity value against greater than 100 μM.57-. (canceled)9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein each R is aryl claim 1 , halo-substituted aryl claim 1 , aliphatic claim 1 , halo-substituted aliphatic claim 1 , or alkenyl.10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein X is alkoxy.11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein X is aryloxy.12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein X is halogen.13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein Q is an aryl-imido substituent.14. The method according to claim 10 , wherein each R is aryl claim 10 , optionally having halogen substitution.1619-. (canceled)20. The method according to claim 15 , wherein Y is bromo claim 15 , chloro or fluoro.21. The method according to claim 1 , wherein X is halogen.22. The method according to claim 14 , wherein X is chloro and Y is chloro.2335-. (canceled)38. The composition comprising imido-substituted 1 claim 37 ,4-naphthoquinone according to claim 37 , wherein in Q at least one R is cyclic claim 37 , acyclic or each R is bonded together.3940-. (canceled)4245-. (canceled)46. The composition comprising imido-substituted 1 claim 41 ,4-naphthoquinone according to claim 41 , wherein at least one Y is bromo claim 41 , chloro or fluoro.4755-. (canceled) This PCT application claims priority from U. ...

CRYSTALLINE 4′-EPIDAUNORUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND USE THEREOF

4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride is provided in a crystalline form which is stable and readily soluble. A process of producing the crystalline form includes crystallizing 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride in a solvent system including (a) solvent A selected from Cand Chalogenated solvents and mixtures thereof, (b) solvent B selected from C-Cstraight and branched alcohols and mixtures thereof, and (c) solvent C selected from C-Cstraight and branched alcohols and mixtures thereof, wherein solvent C is selected to provide lower solubility to 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride than solvent B. A method of producing an anthracycline using crystalline 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride is also provided. 1. Crystalline 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride.3. Crystalline 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride obtained by a process comprising crystallizing 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride in a solvent system including:{'sub': 1', '2, 'a) solvent A which is selected from the group consisting of Cand Chalogenated solvents and mixtures thereof;'}{'sub': 1', '5, 'b) solvent B which is selected from the group consisting of C-Cstraight and branched alcohols and mixtures thereof; and'}{'sub': 1', '5, 'c) solvent C which is selected from the group consisting of C-Cstraight and branched alcohols and mixtures thereof, wherein solvent C is selected to provide lower solubility to 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride than solvent B.'}4. Crystalline 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride according to claim 1 , characterized by having a monoclinic phase content of at least 10%.5. A method of producing an anthracycline claim 1 , the method comprising using crystalline 4′-epidaunorubicin hydrochloride according to as an intermediate.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the anthracycline is epirubicin. This application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/394,738 filed May 14, 2012, which was a Section 371 of International Application No. PCT/EP2010/005498, filed Sep. 8, 2010, which was ...

TREATMENT FOR BREAST TUMOR CELL METASTASIS

A method for inhibiting or preventing metastasis of breast tumor cells in a subject is disclosed. The method includes administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound of formula (I). In formula (I), R is H or methyl. 2. The method for inhibiting or preventing metastasis of breast tumor cells in the subject of claim 1 , wherein the breast tumor cells are tested negative for estrogen receptors (ER−) claim 1 , progesterone receptors (PR−) claim 1 , and human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 (HER2−).3. The method for inhibiting or preventing metastasis of breast tumor cells in the subject of claim 1 , wherein the breast tumor cells are tested positive for estrogen receptors (ER+). This application is a continuation-in-part (CIP) of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/430,703 filed on Mar. 27, 2012 which claims priority to Taiwan Application Serial Number 101105469, filed on Feb. 20, 2012. The entire disclosures of both applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein.1. Technical FieldThe present disclosure relates to a method for inhibiting or preventing metastasis. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a method for inhibiting or preventing breast tumor cell metastasis.2. Description of Related ArtAccording to statistics, every year 250 thousand people died from the breast tumor over world. In Taiwan for female tumor the incidence rate of breast tumor is the second highest. From 1990 to 1991 in Taiwan the number of people died from tumor is increased to 32,993, which is increased by 3.83% in one year and occupies 26.05% of the death rate. The breast tumor is one of the ten lethal tumors, and the incidence rate of breast tumor tends to increase gradually. The age of onset in Taiwan is younger than that in occident countries. Every year about 1,200 women are died from the breast tumor. Thus the breast tumor greatly threatens the health of women. The incident of cancer is closely associated with the gene and the acquired environment ...

TOCOPHEROL AND TOCOPHERYL QUINONE DERIVATIVES AS CORRECTORS OF LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISORDERS

The subject invention relates to improved tocopheryl quinine derivatives and tocopherol derivatives having improved pharmacokinetics in vivo that can, in some embodiments, be useful in the treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorder, restoration of normal mitochondrial ATP production, modulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration and other treatments or therapies. The tocopheryl quinone derivatives and tocopherol derivatives have side chains that have terminally halogenated carbon atoms. 221-. (canceled) This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/727,296 filed on Nov. 16, 2012, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.The instant application was made with government support; the government has certain rights in this invention.Each of the applications and patents cited in this text, as well as each document or reference cited in each of the applications and patents (including during the prosecution of each issued patent: “application cited documents”), and each of the PCT and foreign applications or patents corresponding to and/or claiming priority from any of these applications and patents, and each of the documents cited or referenced in each of the application cited documents, are hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference and may be employed in the practice of the invention. More generally, documents or references are cited in this text, either in a Reference List before the claims, or in the text itself; and, each of these documents or references (“herein cited references”), as well as each document or reference cited in each of the herein cited references (including any manufacturer's specifications, instructions, etc.), is hereby expressly incorporated herein by reference.The subject invention relates to novel tocopheryl quinone derivatives and tocopherol derivatives having improved pharmacokinetics in vivo that can, in some embodiments, be useful in the treatment of Lysosomal Storage ...

Polyprenylated Benzoylphloroglucinols With Anticancer Activity

Two novel polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives, garciesculentones A and C, are disclosed in the present invention. Garciesculentones A and C exhibit cytotoxicity and/or antimigration effect against various cancer cell lines. The experimental results of the present invention suggest that Garciesculentones A and C are useful for developing into anticancer drugs. 2. The composition according to wherein said compounds comprise polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives.3. The composition according to wherein said polyprenylated benzoylphloroglucinol derivatives comprise Garciesculentone A and/or Garciesculentone C.4Garcinia.. The composition according to wherein the natural plant is from the genus5GarciniaGarcinia esculenta. The composition according to wherein the subspecies of genus is Y. H. Li.6. The composition according to wherein said compounds are extracted from twigs of said plant.7. The composition according to wherein the cancer treated comprises hepatoma carcinoma claim 1 , breast adenocarcinoma and esophageal carcinoma.8. A method for preparing the composition of comprising extracting a combined extract from dried and powdered twigs of the plant by using an organic solvent claim 1 , followed by drying the combined extract under vacuum to obtain a petroleum ether-soluble part while the remaining matters are refluxed with preferably 80% EtOH which is further dried under vacuum to produce a residue which is suspended in water and extracted with EtOAc to obtain a EtOAc-soluble part claim 1 , and isolating said compounds from said petroleum ether-soluble part.9. A method for treating cancer comprising administering the composition of to a subject in needs thereof. The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/750,937 filed on Jan. 10, 2013, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.The present invention is in the field of pharmaceuticals and chemical industries. In particular, The ...

METHOD OF PREPARATION OF STEREOSPECIFIC QUINONE DERIVATIVES

The description provides processes for the regio and stereospecific synthesis of polyprenylatedquinone derivatives, such as Vitamin K1, K2 and Ubiquinone, exploiting dithioacetals, especially 1,3-dithiane, mediated Umpolung chemistry which works along a new concept “Inhibiting resonance delocalization (IRD)” to overcome isomerization generated due to delocalization of allyliccarbanion on the π-electron cloud of an allylic systems by the conventional synthesis. 2. The method of wherein the said quinone derivatives are selected from the group consisting of coenzyme Q10 claim 1 , vitamin K1 claim 1 , vitamins K2-4 claim 1 , K2-6 claim 1 , K2-7 claim 1 , K2-8 and K2-9. Under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) this application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/962,169, filed Nov. 1, 2013 titled: Method of Preparation of Stereospecific Quinone Derivatives, which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.The present disclosure relates to regio- and stereospecific synthesis of quinone derivatives, attached with polyprenyl side chain, to yield various natural equivalent vitamins, e.g., vitamin K and ubiquinone.Current knowledge of stereochemistry demands responsible drug development. Most proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids and steroids are chiral. In other words, almost all of the main therapeutic targets are chiral and, therefore, show stereospecific interactions with endogenous and exogenous ligands. Stereo selectivity of interaction is a well-recognized criterion of specific drug-receptor interactions. Such stereoselectivity has been observed with all classes of receptors, with both physiological and non-physiological ligands. However, pharmacological implications of this have not always been appreciated, especially the toxicity aspects.It is not always possible to determine the long term toxic effects of the minor quantities of unintended isomers in a product by conventional acute and chronic toxicity studies. This minor ...

TREATMENT OF PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS WITH REDOX-ACTIVE THERAPEUTICS

Methods of treating or suppressing pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) including; autistic disorder, Asperger's syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), Rett's disorder, and PDD—not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds as disclosed herein. 113-. (canceled)1731-. (canceled)32. The method of claim 14 , wherein the bonds indicated with a dashed line are all single bonds.33. The method of claim 14 , wherein the bonds indicated with a dashed line are all double bonds.34. The method of claim 16 , wherein the bonds indicated with a dashed line are all single bonds.35. The method of claim 16 , wherein the bonds indicated with a dashed line are all double bonds.36. The method of claim 14 , wherein R claim 14 , R claim 14 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of H claim 14 , (C-C)alkyl claim 14 , and (C-C)alkoxy.37. The method of claim 14 , wherein R claim 14 , R claim 14 , and Rare independently selected from (C-C)alkyl.38. The method of claim 14 , wherein R claim 14 , R claim 14 , and Rare methyl.39. The method of claim 14 , wherein at least one of R claim 14 , R claim 14 , and Ris not methyl.40. The method of claim 14 , wherein Rand Rare methoxy claim 14 , and Ris methyl.41. The method of claim 32 , wherein the method is for treating the PDD claim 32 , wherein the PDD is autistic spectrum disorder (ASD).42. The method according to claim 33 , wherein the method is for treating the PDD claim 33 , wherein the PDD is autistic spectrum disorder (ASD).43. The method of claim 34 , wherein the method is for treating the PDD claim 34 , wherein the PDD is autistic spectrum disorder (ASD).44. The method according to claim 35 , wherein the method is for treating the PDD claim 35 , wherein the PDD is autistic spectrum disorder (ASD).45. The method according to claim 32 , wherein the method is ...

Method for Preparing Epirubicin and Intermediate Thereof

The present invention provides a method for preparing epirubicin and an intermediate adaptive to the method. The preparation method may include: reacting tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride with N-trifluoroacetyl adriamycin to obtain a first compound N-trifluoroacetyl-14-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl adriamycin; oxidizing the first compound to obtain a second compound 4′-ketone-N-trifluoroacetyl-14-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyladriamycin; reducing the second compound to obtain a third compound N-trifluoroacetyl-14-O-tert-Butyldimethylsilyl epirubicin; and performing deprotection and hydrolysis reactions on the third compound to obtain epirubicin. The method of the present invention needs low cost, fewer reaction steps, provides high yield and high product purity, and avoids serious pollution caused by a bromination reaction in a conventional method. 4. The method for preparing epirubicin according to claim 3 , further comprising the following steps:using tert-Butyldimethylsilyl chloride as a protective agent to react with N-trifluoroacetyl adriamycin to obtain the first compound whose 14-position hydroxy group is protected;preferably, the reaction is conducted in the presence of a deacid reagent, wherein the deacid reagent is selected from imidazole, pyridine or 4-dimethylamino-pyridine;preferably, a reaction temperature is 0-50° C., and further preferably 20-30° C.; andpreferably, a reactive solvent is selected from N,N-dimethyl formamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile.5. The method for preparing epirubicin according to claim 1 , characterized in that conversion of the N-trifluoroacetyl epirubicin into epirubicin is conducted by way of hydrolysis; preferably claim 1 , the hydrolysis reaction is conducted in alkaline aqueous solution having a pH of 10-13; preferably claim 1 , a hydrolysis temperature is between −10° C. and 40° C. claim 1 , and more preferably between 0° C. and 20° C.7. The method for preparing the first compound according to claim 6 ...

CRYSTALLIZATION OF IDARUBICIN HYDROCHLORIDE

A method is provided for production of crystalline idarubicin hydrochloride, the method including the steps of: (i) producing a mixture containing (a) idarubicin hydrochloride, (b) at least one alcohol selected from 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 1-pentanol, and (c) water; and (ii) crystallizing idarubicin hydrochloride from this mixture. A crystalline idarubicin hydrochloride is also provided characterized by a powder x-ray diffraction pattern in which at least reflexes at diffraction angles occur in the following ranges (in 2Θ): 7.2-7.7; 11.7-12.2; 16.2-16.7; 16.7-17.2; 19.6-20.1; 19.8-20.3; 22.2-22.7, and 22.9-23.4. 116-. (canceled)17. A method for production of crystalline idarubicin hydrochloride , the method comprising steps of:(i) producing a mixture containing (a) idarubicin hydrochloride, (b) a least one alcohol selected from 1-butanol, 2-butanol, and 1-pentanol, and (c) water; and(ii) crystallizing idarubicin hydrochloride from this mixture.18. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the at least one alcohol (b) is 1-butanol.19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein in step (i) the idarubicin hydrochloride is present in a range of 3-100 g/l claim 17 , relative to a total volume of the mixture of step (i).20. The method according to claim 17 , wherein in step (i) the at least one alcohol (b) is present in a range of 10-96 volume percent claim 17 , relative to a total volume of the mixture of step (i).21. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the water is present in an amount of at least 4.0 volume percent claim 17 , relative to a total volume of the mixture of step (i).22. The method according to claim 17 , wherein in step (i) the water (c) is present in a range of 4.0-8.0 volume percent claim 17 , relative to a total volume of the mixture of step (i).23. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the mixture of step (i) contains at least one additional alcohol (d) selected from methanol claim 17 , ethanol claim 17 , 1-propanol claim 17 , and 2- ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING TAPINAROF

The present invention provides processes for the preparation of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and novel intermediates used therein. In some embodiments the 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene is prepared from (E)-2-chloro-2-isopropyl-5-styrylcyclohexane-1,3-dione. Also disclosed are crystal forms of 3, 5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropyl-trans-stilbene or a salt or solvate thereof and pharmaceutical compositions comprising same. 2. The process according to in which X is Cl and the process step (a)(i) is carried out using a chlorination reagent selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,3-dichloro-5 claim 1 ,5-dimethylhydantoin claim 1 , N-chlorosuccinimide and trichloroisocyanuric acid.3. The process according to wherein the conversion step (a)(ii) is carried out in the presence of an additive reagent which is a quaternary ammonium salt.4. The process according to wherein the additive reagent is a quaternary ammonium chloride salt.5. The process according to wherein the quaternary ammonium chloride salt is selected from the group consisting of benzyltriethylammonium chloride claim 4 , tetrabutylammonium chloride claim 4 , tetraethylammonium chloride claim 4 , and tetramethylammonium chloride.6. The process according to wherein the conversion is carried out in a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile claim 3 , toluene claim 3 , 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran claim 3 , isopropyl acetate claim 3 , acetone and methyl isobutyl ketone.8. The process according to which comprises a decarboxylation in the presence of a base.9. The process according to wherein the base is triethylamine.10. The process according to wherein esterification is performed using methanol and hydrochloric acid.11. The process according to wherein cyclization is performed using potassium tert-butoxide.12. The process according to wherein the compound of Formula (III) or a salt thereof is acidified and isolated by precipitation with ...

Process for producing hydrogen peroxide

A process for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by an anthraquinone autoxidation process (AO-process) comprising two alternate essential steps of: (a) hydrogenation of a working solution in a hydrogenation unit in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the working solution contains at least one alkylanthraquinone dissolved in at least one organic solvent, to obtain at least one corresponding alkylanthrahydroquinone compound; and (b) oxidation of the at least one alkylanthrahydroquinone compound to obtain hydrogen peroxide in an oxidation unit; and further comprising step (c): extracting the hydrogen peroxide formed in the oxidation step in an extraction unit, wherein the hydrogenation, oxidation and extraction steps are performed in an reactor system which is designed as a compact modular system of a hydrogenation, an oxidation and an extraction unit, and wherein the reactor system is configured to operate without a reversion (regeneration) unit for continuous reversion of the working solution as a small to medium scale AO-process with a production capacity of hydrogen peroxide of up to 20 kilo tons per year, wherein the working solution and/or the catalyst are replaced and/or treated for regeneration or reactivation only intermittently or periodically, e.g., with a low frequency. 1. A process for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by an anthraquinone autoxidation process (AO-process) , said manufacturing process comprising two alternate essential steps (a) and (b):(a) hydrogenation of a working solution in a hydrogenation unit in the presence of a catalyst, wherein said working solution contains at least one alkylanthraquinone dissolved in at least one organic solvent, to obtain at least one corresponding alkylanthrahydroquinone compound; and(b) oxidation of said at least one alkylanthrahydroquinone compound to obtain hydrogen peroxide in an oxidation unit; andfurther comprising step (c):(c) extracting the hydrogen peroxide formed in the oxidation step in an extraction ...

NEW TELESCOPING SYNTHESES OF 2-METHOXYMETHYL-P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE

The invention relates to processes for preparing 2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine (I), cosmetically acceptable salts thereof, or mixtures thereof. 1. A process for preparing 2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine (I) , a cosmetically acceptable salt thereof , or mixture thereof , the process comprising the steps of:(a) providing 2-methoxymethyl-1,4-benzochinone (IV);(b) condensing 2-methoxymethyl-1,4-benzochinone (IV) with an amine source NH2R1 to form 2-(methoxymethyl)-N1(R1),N4(R1)-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diimine (Va); and(c) reacting 2-(methoxymethyl)-N1(R1),N4(R1)-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diimine (Va) in the presence of a hydrogen source to form 2-methoxymethyl-p-phenylenediamine (I).2. The process of claim 1 , wherein moiety R1 of amine source NH2-R1 is selected from OH claim 1 , NH2 claim 1 , linear or branched (C1-C6)alkyl which optionally may be substituted with OH claim 1 , linear or branched (C1-C6)alkylene-(C5-C6)cycloalkyl and linear or branched (C1-C6)alkylbenzol claim 1 ,3. The process of claim 1 , wherein step (b) comprises condensing 2-methoxymethyl-1 claim 1 ,4-benzochinone (IV) with hydroxylamine NHOH to form bis-oxime 2-(methoxymethyl)-cyclohexa-2 claim 1 ,5-diene-1 claim 1 ,4-dione oxime (Vb) claim 1 , and wherein step (c) comprises reacting (Vb) to form (I).4. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein step (a) comprises:(a1) alkylating 1,4-benzoquinone (VIII) in the presence of 2-methoxyacetic acid (IX) to form a mixture of 2-methoxymethyl-1,4-benzochinone (IV) and 1,4-benzoquinone (VIII); and(a2) removing 1,4-benzoquinone (VIII).5. The process of claim 4 , wherein removing 1 claim 4 ,4-benzoquinone (VIII) in step (a2) is carried out by water vapour distillation or short path distillation or thin-film evaporation.6. The process of any of to claim 4 , wherein step (a) comprises:(a3) providing 2-methyl-1,4-benzochinone (II);(a4) brominating 2-methyl-1,4-benzochinone (II) to form 2-bromomethyl-1,4-benzochinone (III); and(a5) etherifying 2-bromomethyl ...

Deuterated Idebenone

The present invention in one embodiment provides a compound of Formula I:(I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the variables shown in Formula I are as defined in the specification. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each of R claim 1 , Rand Ris independently selected from CHand CD.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis hydrogen.8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium.9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CH.14. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris CD.15. The compound of or claim 1 , wherein each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; and each Yis deuterium.19. The compound of claim 1 , wherein any atom not designated as deuterium is present at its natural isotopic abundance.20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.21. A method of reducing oxidative toxicity in mitochondria claim 1 , comprising contacting mitochondria with a compound of .22. A method of treating a condition that is Duchenne's muscular dystrophy or multiple sclerosis claim 1 , comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a compound of .23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the condition is primary progressive multiple sclerosis.24. A method of treating a condition that is Duchenne's muscular dystrophy or multiple sclerosis claim 20 , comprising administering to a subject in need of such treatment a ...

Process for producing hydrogen peroxide

A process for manufacturing hydrogen peroxide by an anthraquinone autoxidation process (AO-process) comprising two alternate (essential) steps of: (a) hydrogenation of a working solution in a hydrogenation unit in the presence of a catalyst, wherein such working solution contains at least one alkylanthraquinone dissolved in at least one organic solvent, to obtain at least one corresponding alkylanthrahydroquinone compound; and (b) oxidation of the at least one alkylanthrahydroquinone compound to obtain hydrogen peroxide in an oxidation unit; and further comprising the step of: (c) extracting the hydrogen peroxide formed in the oxidation step in an extraction unit, wherein the units of step (a) to (c), optionally together with further ancillary units as appropriate, constitute a hydrogen peroxide production site, wherein one or more of said units are equipped with one or more sensors for monitoring one or more AO-process parameters at the hydrogen peroxide production site, said sensors being interconnected with one or more first computers at the hydrogen peroxide production site, said first computers being linked via a communication network to one or more second computers in a control room being remote from the hydrogen peroxide production site, and said control room being remotely controlling such hydrogen peroxide production site.

Process for the Manufacture of Hydrogen Peroxide

A continuous process for producing hydrogen peroxide by an anthraquinone process, comprising the steps of: (i) hydrogenating an organic working solution containing one or more anthraquinone derivatives in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst to form a hydrogenated working solution; (ii) oxidizing the hydrogenated working solution by introducing an oxygen-containing oxidizing gas at an overpressure into an oxidation reactor, and contacting the oxidizing gas with the hydrogenated working solution to form an oxidized working solution, whereby hydrogen peroxide is formed; (iii) withdrawing an oxidation off gas from the oxidation reactor; (iv) recovering the formed hydrogen peroxide from the oxidized working solution; (v) subjecting the oxidation off gas withdrawn from said oxidation reactor, which has an excess pressure over atmospheric pressure, to a demisting treatment to obtain a demisted oxidation off gas; and (vi) feeding the demisted oxidation off gas as propellant gas into a gas ejector to produce a vacuum.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CARCINOMA

Disclosed herein are 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of such 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs, and methods of treating and/or ameliorating diseases and/or conditions associated with a cancer, such as prostate cancer with such 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs. Also included are combination therapies wherein a 1,4-naphthoquinone analog disclosed herein, and a hormone therapy agent are provided to a subject suffering from a condition such as cancer. 3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen deprivation therapy is surgical orchiectomy.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen deprivation therapy is administration of one or more agents selected from the group consisting of cyproterone acetate claim 2 , abiraterone claim 2 , finasteride claim 2 , flutamide claim 2 , nilutamide claim 2 , bicalutamide claim 2 , diethylstilbestrol (DES) claim 2 , megestrol acetate claim 2 , fosfestrol claim 2 , estamustine phosphate claim 2 , leuprolide claim 2 , triptorelin claim 2 , goserelin claim 2 , histrelin claim 2 , buserelin claim 2 , abarelix claim 2 , degarelix claim 2 , orteronel claim 2 , seviteronel (VT-464) claim 2 , enzalutamide claim 2 , apalutamide (ARN-509) claim 2 , vinclozolin claim 2 , galeterone claim 2 , ketoconazole claim 2 , 17-(5′-isoxazolyl)androsta-4 claim 2 ,16-dien-3-one (L-39) claim 2 , aminoglutethimide claim 2 , prochloraz claim 2 , dutasteride claim 2 , izonsteride claim 2 , turosteride claim 2 , epristeride claim 2 , genisterin claim 2 , gossypol claim 2 , equol claim 2 , 18ß-glycyrrhetinic acid claim 2 , altraric acid claim 2 , N-butylbenzene-sulfonamide claim 2 , 3 claim 2 ,3′-diindolylmethane claim 2 , deslorelin claim 2 , nafarelin claim 2 , cetrorelix claim 2 , and ganirelix.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen deprivation therapy reduces the production of testosterone or inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).6. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen ...

METHOD FOR REGENERATING WORKING SOLUTION USED FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE USING REGENERATED WORKING SOLUTION

In the production of hydrogen peroxide, when ketone forms are increased upon conversion from higher alcohol components in organic solvents, such increased levels of ketone forms reduce the water content in a working solution and lead to deterioration of catalytic activity. Moreover, increased levels of ketone forms reduce the solubility of anthrahydroquinone compounds and may cause an obstacle to stable and safe operation in the production of hydrogen peroxide due to crystallization and deposition of the anthrahydroquinone compounds. 1. A process for regeneration of a working solution provided for continuous use in the production of hydrogen peroxide via the anthraquinone process , the process comprisingdistilling the working solution to separate organic solvent components containing an alcohol and the ketone form of the alcohol; andsubjecting resulting organic solvent components to hydrogenation treatment in the presence of a metal catalyst to regenerate the ketone form back into the original alcohol.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein as a result of hydrogenation treatment of the organic solvent components in the presence of a metal catalyst claim 1 , a remaining percentage of the ketone form in the organic solvent components (=ketone form/organic solvent components×100) is 10% by mass or less.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal catalyst is a metal compound comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of palladium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , copper and chromium.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the metal catalyst is a metal compound comprising copperchromium claim 1 , or both.5. The process lution according to claim 1 , wherein the amount of the metal catalyst added is 0.05% by mass to 10% by mass relative to the mass of the organic solvent components.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein pressure for the hydrogenation treatment is atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa. ...

PREPARATION OF 2,6- AND 2,7-DISUBSTITUTED ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATIVES

The present invention relates to novel anthraquinone derivatives, 2,6-diisohexylanthracene-9,10-dione and 2,7-diisohexyl-anthracene-9,10-dione, preferably to be used for the preparation of hydrogen peroxide, and to a process for the preparation of these anthraquinone derivatives. 4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein at least 90 weight % of the composition consist of the compounds of formula (Ia) and formula (Ib).5. The composition of claim 3 , wherein a molar ratio of the compound of formula (Ia) relative to the compound of formula (Ib) is in a range of from 0.2:1 to 5:1.6. The composition of claim 3 , having a solubility of at least 1.0 mol/l in a solvent mixture of which at least 99.9 weight-% consist of ortho-xylene and diisobutyl carbinol with a molar ratio of the ortho-xylene relative to the diisobutyl carbinol in a range of from 0.99:1 to 1.01:1 claim 3 , wherein said solubility refers to a molar amount of the compound of formula (Ia) plus a molar amount of the compound of formula (Ib) dissolved in 1 l of the solvent mixture at a temperature of from 20 to 23° C. and at a pressure of from 0.9 to 1.1 bar.7. The composition of claim 3 , wherein at least 90 weight % of the compound of formula (Ia) and at least 96 weight % of the compound of formula (Ib) are present in solid form.8. The composition of claim 3 , being at least partially dissolved in a solvent.12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the reacting (b) is carried out in a solvent.13. The process of claim 11 , further comprising: after (b) and prior to (c) claim 11 ,(b′) separating the compounds of formula (Va) and/or formula (Vb) from the mixture obtained in (b), thereby obtaining a mixture comprising the compounds of formula (Va) and/or formula (Vb).14. The process of claim 11 , wherein prior to (c) claim 11 , the compounds of formula (Va) and/or formula (Vb) are not separated from the mixture obtained in (b).15. The process of claim 11 , wherein the oxidation reaction in (c) is carried out in a ...

TOCOPHEROL AND TOCOPHERYL QUINONE DERIVATIVES AS CORRECTORS OF LYSOSOMAL STORAGE DISORDERS

The subject invention relates to improved tocopheryl quinone derivatives and tocopherol derivatives having improved pharmacokinetics in vivo that can, in some embodiments, be useful in the treatment of Lysosomal Storage Disorders, restoration of normal mitochondrial ATP production, modulation of intracellular calcium ion concentration and other treatments or therapies. The tocopheryl quinone derivatives and tocopherol derivatives have side chains that have terminally halogenated carbon atoms. 7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising the step of administering to said patient a cyclodextrin.13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the tocopherol derivative of ; anda pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle.16. A method for treating a lysosomal storage disorder comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition of ;{'sub': 8', '1', '5, 'wherein R=lower alkyl having C-C.'}19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the treatment with the composition comprising the tocopherol derivative substantially increases Ca influx to the cells and/or cholesterol exocytosis from the cells of the patient.20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the lysosomal storage disorder is selected from the group consisting of Niemann Pick Type C (NPC) claim 16 , Wolman claim 16 , Niemann Pick Type A claim 16 , Farber claim 16 , Tay-Saches claim 16 , MSIIIB and CLN2 (Batten) diseases.21. The method of claim 16 , further comprising the step of administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a cyclodextrin. This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/727,296 filed on Nov. 16, 2012, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.The instant application was made with government support; the government has certain rights in this invention.Each of the applications and patents cited in this text, as well as each document or reference cited in each of the applications ...

COCRYSTALS OF UBIQUINONE AND COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING THEM

The present invention relates to a cocrystal of ubiquinone and a hydrogen bond donor coformer, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to its use as a medicament or a dietary supplement. The invention also relates to compositions comprising the cocrystal. 1. A cocrystal of ubiquinone and a hydrogen bond donor coformer.2. The cocrystal according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen bond donor coformer is a phenolic compound.3. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid claim 2 , and which is characterized by having an X-ray powder diffractogram that comprises characteristic peaks at 1.4 and 2.8±0.3 degrees 2 theta with Cu-Kradiation claim 2 , λ=1.5418 Å.4. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is hydroquinone claim 2 , and which is characterized by having an X-ray powder diffractogram that comprises characteristic peaks at 1.5 and 3.0±0.3 degrees 2 theta with Cu-Kradiation claim 2 , λ=1.5418 Å.5. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is hydroquinone and which is in the form of a benzyl alcohol solvate claim 2 , characterized by having an X-ray powder diffractogram that comprises characteristic peaks at 1.4 claim 2 , 2.9±0.3 degrees 2 theta with Cu-Kradiation claim 2 , λ=1.5418 Å.6. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is orcinol claim 2 , and which is characterized by having an X-ray powder diffractogram that comprises characteristic peaks at 1.5 claim 2 , 3.1±0.3 degrees 2 theta with Cu-Kradiation claim 2 , λ=1.5418 Å.7. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is orcinol claim 2 , and which is in the form of a benzyl alcohol solvate claim 2 , characterized by having an X-ray powder diffractogram that comprises characteristic peaks at 12.9 claim 2 , 13.6±0.3 degrees 2 theta with Cu-Kradiation claim 2 , λ=1.5418 Å.8. The cocrystal according to claim 2 , wherein the phenolic compound is phloroglucinol ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING 2,3,5-TRIMETHYL BENZOQUINONE BY OXIDATION OF 2,3,6-TRIMETHYLPHENOL

The invention relates to a method for producing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone or a compound containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, the method comprising the following steps: Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in a two- or multi-phase reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst or catalyst system containing at least one copper (II)-halide to a mixture containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, characterized in that the reaction medium contains water and at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more, preferably 7 or more, carbon atoms. 115-. (canceled)16. A mixture comprising 2 ,3 ,5-trimethylbenzoquinone which has a copper content of less than 240 mg/kg.17. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a lithium content of less than 0.3 g/100 g.18. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a chlorine content of less than 0.5 g/100 g.19. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a copper content of less than 220 mg/kg.20. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a copper content from 210 to 220 mg/kg.21. The mixture as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the mixture has a copper content from 210 to 220 mg/kg.22. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a chlorine content of less than 0.42 g/100 g.23. The mixture as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the mixture has a chlorine content of from 0.26 g/100 g to 0.42 g/100 g.24. The mixture as claimed in claim 21 , wherein the mixture has a chlorine content of from 0.26 g/100 g to 0.42 g/100 g.26. The mixture according to claim 25 , wherein the mixture has a chlorine content of less than 0.5 g/100 g.27. The mixture according to claim 25 , wherein the mixture has a lithium content of less than 0.3 g/100 g.28. The mixture according to claim 25 , wherein the mixture has a copper content of less than 240 mg/kg.29. The mixture according to claim 26 , wherein the mixture has a lithium ...

COMPOSITION CONTAINING REDUCED COENZYME Q10 AND PRODUCTION METHOD THEREOF

The present invention provides a particulate composition wherein an oil component containing reduced coenzyme Qis polydispersed forming a domain in a matrix containing a water-soluble excipient, which simultaneously shows high oxidative stability and high oral absorbability, a production method thereof, and a stabilizing method thereof. It also provides a food, food with nutrient function claims, food for specified health uses, dietary supplement, nutritional product, animal drug, drink, feed, pet food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical product, therapeutic drug, prophylactic drug and the like, which contain the composition. 121-. (canceled)22. A method of producing a particulate composition comprising reduced coenzyme Q , which comprises suspending a oil-in-water emulsion composition prepared from an oil component (A) containing reduced coenzyme Qand an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble excipient in oil component (B) , and removing water from the emulsion composition in oil component (B).23. The production method of claim 22 , wherein the oil component (B) comprises 5-100 wt % of fat and oil and 0-95 wt % of surfactant (E).24. The production method of claim 22 , wherein the oil component (B) comprises 5-99.99 wt % of fat and oil and 0.01-95 wt % of surfactant (E).25. The production method of claim 23 , wherein the surfactant (E) is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of glycerol fatty acid ester claim 23 , polyglycerin ester claim 23 , sucrose fatty acid ester claim 23 , sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyoxyethylenesorbitan fatty acid ester claim 23 , each having an HLB of not more than 10 claim 23 , and lecithins.26. A method of producing a particulate composition comprising reduced coenzyme Q claim 23 , which comprises spray drying claim 23 , in a gaseous phase claim 23 , an oil-in-water emulsion composition prepared from an oil component (A) comprising reduced coenzyme Qand an aqueous solution comprising a water-soluble excipient.27. The ...

ANTIMALARIAL COMPOSITIONS AND USES THEREOF

Provided herein are compounds, compositions and method of using thereof to treat or prevent malaria. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.4. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris.8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 , wherein Ris optionally substituted C-Calkyl claim 7 , optionally substituted C-Calkenyl claim 7 , or optionally substituted C-Calkynyl.9. The pharmaceutical composition of or claim 7 , wherein Ris optionally substituted C-Calkyl claim 7 , optionally substituted C-Calkenyl claim 7 , or optionally substituted C-Calkynyl.10. The pharmaceutical composition of or claim 7 , wherein Ris C-Calkyl.11. The pharmaceutical composition of or claim 7 , wherein Ris C-Calkyl.13. The pharmaceutical composition of or claim 7 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 13 , wherein Ris C-Calkenyl.19. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of - claim 13 , wherein the oil is a vegetable oil.20. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of - claim 13 , wherein the oil is selected from corn oil claim 13 , peanut oil claim 13 , sesame oil claim 13 , olive oil claim 13 , palm oil claim 13 , safflower oil claim 13 , soybean oil claim 13 , cottonseed oil claim 13 , rapeseed oil claim 13 , sunflower oil and mixtures thereof.21. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of - claim 13 , wherein the oil is sesame oil.22. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of - claim 13 , wherein the concentration of the compound of Formula (III) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt claim 13 , solvate claim 13 , or stereoisomer thereof is greater than about 50 mg/mL.23. The pharmaceutical composition of any one of - claim 13 , ...

[N]CYCLOPARAPHENYLENES (CCP),MACROCYCLE INTERMEDIATES AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME

The present invention provides the compound [6]-cycloparaphenylene, cycloparaphenylene intermediates (e.g. [n]macrocycles), and methods for making [n]cycloparaphenylenes and [n]cycloparaphenylene intermediates in quantities not previously available. The cycloparaphenylene compounds and their intermediates can be useful in nanotube preparation and in the preparation of other supramolecular structures. 151.-. (canceled)54. The compound of claim 53 , wherein A is oxygen.55. The compound of claim 53 , wherein X is bromine.56. The compound of claim 53 , wherein subscript n is an integer from 1 to 5.57. The compound of claim 53 , wherein each Ris independently methyl or ethyl.58. The compound of claim 53 , wherein each Ris independently hydrogen claim 53 , methyl or ethyl.61. The method of claim 60 , wherein the group —ORis a silyl ether.62. The method of claim 61 , wherein Ris tert-butyldimethylsilyl.63. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein X is bromine.64. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein M is lithium.65. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein A is oxygen.66. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein subscript m is 0 claims 60 , 1 or 2.67. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein subscript f is 0 claims 60 , 1 claims 60 , 2 or 3.68. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein each Ris independently methyl or ethyl.69. The method of any of claims 60 , wherein each Ris independently hydrogen claims 60 , methyl or ethyl.72. The method of claim 71 , wherein each X is bromine73. The method of claim 71 , wherein M is lithium.74. The method of claim 71 , wherein A is oxygen.75. The method of claim 71 , wherein n is 1 claim 71 , 2 or 3.76. The method of claim 71 , wherein p is 1 or 2.77. The method of claim 71 , wherein each Ris independently methyl or ethyl.78. The method of claim 71 , wherein each Ris independently hydrogen claim 71 , methyl or ethyl.80. A composition comprising at least two molecules of 6-cycloparaphenylene interacting to form a structure.81. The ...

PREPARATION OF 2,6- AND 2,7-DISUBSTITUTED ANTHRAQUINONE DERIVATES

A composition comprising a compound of formula (Va) wherein n is 1 or 2 and wherein m is 1 or 2, with n and m preferably both being 1 or both being 2, more preferably both being 1, and/or, preferably and, a compound of formula, wherein n is 1 or 2 and wherein m is 1 or 2, with n and m preferably both being 1 or both being 2, more preferably both being 1, and wherein at least 90 weight-% of the composition consist of compounds of formula (Va) and formula (Vb). 2: The process of claim 1 , whereinthe mixture (A) provided in (i) comprises a compound of formula (II) wherein x is 1 and the mixture (B) obtained in (ii) comprises a compound of formula (IIIa) and a compound of formula (IIIb) wherein n is 1 and m is 1, and the mixture (C) obtained in (iii) comprises a compound of formula (IVa) and a compound of formula (IVb) wherein n is 1 and m is 1; orwherein the mixture (A) provided in (i) comprises a compound of formula (II) wherein x is 2 and the mixture (B) obtained in (ii) comprises a compound of formula (IIIa) and a compound of formula (IIIb) wherein n is 2 and m is 2, and the mixture (C) obtained in (iii) comprises a compound of formula (IVa) and a compound of formula (IVb) wherein n is 2 and m is 2.3: The process of claim 1 , wherein the sequence of (i) to (iii) is carried out as a one-pot process.4: The process of claim 1 , wherein the dehydrogenation catalyst according to (i) comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of palladium claim 1 , platinum claim 1 , copper claim 1 , lithium claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , and aluminum.5: The process of claim 1 , wherein said providing the mixture (a) according to (I) comprises admixing the compound of formula (I) with the compound of formula (ii) at a molar ratio of the compound of formula (I) relative to the compound of formula (ii) in the range of from 0.1:1 to 0.5:1.6: The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid solvent system according to (i) comprises at least one organic solvent ...

RECOVERY OF AQUEOUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE IN AUTO-OXIDATION H202 PRODUCTION

Hydrogen peroxide produced in an auto-oxidation process is recovered from HO—containing organic solution via liquid-liquid extraction with an aqueous medium in a device having elongated channels, with a small cross-sectional dimension, that facilitate efficient extraction of aqueous hydrogen peroxide from the organic solution. 1. A method for the recovery of hydrogen peroxide produced in an auto-oxidation process comprising contacting a HO-containing organic solution in an auto-oxidation process with an aqueous extraction medium in a device with elongated channels having at least one cross sectional dimension within the range of from about 5 microns to about 5 mm , to effect liquid-liquid extraction of hydrogen peroxide from the organic solution into the aqueous medium , and thereafter separating the aqueous medium containing extracted hydrogen peroxide from the HO-depleted organic solution to obtain a HO-containing aqueous solution.2. The method of wherein the channeled device has at least one cross sectional dimension within the range of from about 50 microns to about 3 mm.3. The method of wherein the channeled device contains at least one inlet connecting one or more channels and an outlet connecting the channels claim 1 , for respectively introducing the organic solution and aqueous medium into the extraction device and for removing a two phase liquid mixture from the extraction device.4. The method of wherein the channeled device further contains at least one additional passageway adjacent to at least one extraction channel for effecting heat transfer and temperature control during the extraction process using a heat transfer fluid in said at least one additional passageway.5. The method of wherein the channeled device comprises layered sheets that contain an interconnected channel network.6. The method of wherein the separation of the aqueous medium containing extracted hydrogen peroxide from the HO-depleted organic solution is carried out in a liquid-liquid ...

TREATMENT OF PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS WITH REDOX-ACTIVE THERAPEUTICS

Methods of treating or suppressing pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) including; autistic disorder, Asperger's syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), Rett's disorder, and PDD-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of one or more compounds as disclosed herein. 131-. (canceled)37. A composition comprising a compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.38. A composition comprising the compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.39. A composition comprising the compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.40. A composition comprising the compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.41. A composition comprising a compound of and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.42. A food claim 32 , medical food claim 32 , functional food claim 32 , food supplement claim 32 , or dietary supplement comprising a compound of and a physiologically or nutritionally acceptable carrier claim 32 , adjuvant claim 32 , excipient claim 32 , buffer claim 32 , or diluent.43. A method of reducing a symptom associated with claim 32 , or for treating or suppressing a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a patient in need of such treatment claim 32 , comprising administering to the patient a therapeutically or physiologically effective amount of a compound of .44. The method of claim 43 , wherein the method is for treating the PDD.45. The method of claim 44 , wherein the PDD is autistic disorder.46. The method according to claim 43 , wherein the method is for treating attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).47. The method according to claim 44 , wherein the PDD is Rett's disorder.48. A method of reducing a symptom associated with claim 36 , or for treating or suppressing a pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) or attention deficit/hyperactivity ...

3'-DEAMINO-3'-(2"-PYRROLINE-1"-YL)-5-IMINO-13-DEOXYANTHRACYCLINES AND METHODS OF PREPARATION

2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyanthracycline derivatives, medical uses thereof, and a process for making them. A 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyanthracycline and a 13-deoxyanthracycline can be administered to a patient simultaneously or sequentially in amounts to produce a synergistic therapeutic effect with increased potency and efficacy, compared to the sum of the effects of each drug when administered alone. A composition or preparation of a 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyanthracycline and a 13-deoxyanthracycline for producing a potent anticancer therapeutic effect is also provided. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound is a derivative of an anthracycline selected from the group consisting of 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydoxorubicin claim 1 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydaunorubicin claim 1 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyepirubicin claim 1 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxycarminomycin claim 1 , and 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyidarubicin and the 5-imino analogs thereof.3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 1 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.4. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound of claim 2 , and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said compound is a derivative of an anthracycline selected from the group consisting of 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydoxorubicin claim 5 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydaunorubicin claim 5 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyepirubicin claim 5 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxycarminomycin claim 5 , and 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyidarubicin and the 5-imino analogs thereof.8. The synergistic combined preparation of claim 7 , wherein said first compound is a derivative of an anthracycline selected from the group consisting of 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydoxorubicin claim 7 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxydaunorubicin claim 7 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyepirubicin claim 7 , 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxycarminomycin claim 7 , and 2-pyrrolino-13-deoxyidarubicin; pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 7 , deuterated form thereof claim 7 , prodrug thereof claim 7 , ...

SIDE-CHAIN VARIANTS OF REDOX-ACTIVE THERAPEUTICS FOR TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES AND OTHER CONDITIONS AND MODULATION OF ENERGY BIOMARKERS

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed. 145-. (canceled)47. The compound of claim 46 , wherein R claim 46 , R claim 46 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of —H claim 46 , —C-Calkyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkyl claim 46 , —C-Calkenyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkenyl claim 46 , —C-Calkynyl claim 46 , and —C-Chaloalkynyl claim 46 , and where at least one of R claim 46 , R claim 46 , and Ris independently selected from the group consisting of —C-Calkyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkyl claim 46 , —C-Calkenyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkenyl claim 46 , —C-Calkynyl claim 46 , and —C-Chaloalkynyl.48. The compound of claim 47 , wherein at least one of R claim 47 , R claim 47 , and Ris independently selected from the group consisting of —C-Calkyl claim 47 , —C-Chaloalkyl claim 47 , —C-Calkenyl claim 47 , —C-Chaloalkenyl claim 47 , —C-Calkynyl claim 47 , and —C-Chaloalkynyl.49. The compound of claim 46 , wherein at least two of R claim 46 , R claim 46 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of —C-Calkyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkyl claim 46 , —C-Calkenyl claim 46 , —C-Chaloalkenyl claim 46 , —C-Calkynyl claim 46 , and —C-Chaloalkynyl.50. The compound of claim 49 , wherein R claim 49 , R claim 49 , and Rare independently selected from the group consisting of —C-Calkyl claim 49 , —C-Chaloalkyl claim 49 , —C-Calkenyl claim 49 , —C-Chaloalkenyl claim 49 , —C-Calkynyl ...

NOVEL CANNABIGEROL DERIVATIVES

The present invention relates to novel cannabigerol quinone derivatives of formula (I) wherein R is the carbon atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: aryl, alkenyl, alkynyl or alcoxycarbonil groups; or wherein R is the nitrogen atom of a linear or branched group, represented by: alkylamino, arylamino, alkenylamino or alkynylamino groups; or, alternatively, R represents a bond between 2 molecules of formula (I) forming a dimer. The invention also relates to the use of any of the compounds of formula (I) as medicaments in therapy, particularly for treating PPARg-related diseases due to their high PPARg agonistic effect lacking electrophilic (Nrf2 activation) and cytotoxic activities. This invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds and method of treating diseases with said compounds. 310-. (canceled)22. A composition comprising a compound of or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof claim 1 , and at least one of a further active compound having additive or synergistic biological activity claim 1 , a pharmaceutically inert ingredient claim 1 , an excipient claim 1 , or a carrier.23. A method of treating a human or animal patient comprising administering an effective amount of a medicament comprising the compound of or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to the patient sufficient to ameliorate the symptoms of a disease.24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the disease is a PPARg mediated disease.25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the PPARg mediated disease is selected from: atherosclerosis claim 24 , inflammatory bowel diseases claim 24 , rheumatoid arthritis claim 24 , liver fibrosis claim 24 , nephropathy claim 24 , psoriasis claim 24 , skin wound healing claim 24 , skin regeneration claim 24 , pancreatitis claim 24 , gastritis claim 24 , neurodegenerative disorders claim 24 , neuroinflammatory disorders claim 24 , scleroderma claim 24 , cancer claim 24 , hypertension claim 24 , obesity claim 24 , or type II ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR THE PREVENTION AND/OR TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASE, INCLUDING FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA

The disclosure provides therapeutic compounds, compositions (e.g., therapeutic agents or medicaments) and methods for preventing or treating mitochondrial disease such as Friedreich's ataxia in a mammalian subject, reducing risk factors, signs and/or symptoms associated with mitochondrial disease, such as Friedreich's ataxia, and/or reducing the likelihood or severity of mitochondrial disease such as Friedreich's ataxia. The disclosure further provides novel intermediates for the production of said therapeutic compositions. In some instances, the intermediates may themselves by therapeutic agents or prodrugs of therapeutic agents (e.g. reduced forms of the therapeutic compounds). 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein A is 1 and B is 3 claim 1 , 4 claim 1 , 5 claim 1 , 6 claim 1 , 7 claim 1 , 8 claim 1 , 9 claim 1 , 10 or 11.3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The compound of claim 1 , wherein A is 2 and B is 3 claim 1 , 4 claim 1 , 5 claim 1 , 6 claim 1 , 7 claim 1 , 8 claim 1 , 9 claim 1 , 10.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is absent.13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein L is —(CRR)—.14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. The compound of claim 13 , wherein L is —(CH)— claim 13 , —(CD)— or —(CF)—.18. The compound of claim 13 , wherein L is —(CRR)— and wherein taken together Rand Rform a 3- claim 13 , 4- claim 13 , 5- claim 13 , 6- or 7-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each X and each Y is independently —(CH)— claim 1 , —(CD)— or —(CF)—.23. The compound of claim 1 , wherein at least one of X and Y is —(CRR)— and wherein taken together Rand Rform a 3- claim 1 , 4- claim 1 , 5- claim 1 , 6- or 7-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring.24. (canceled)25. The compound of claim 1 , wherein each Z is independently —(CH)— claim 1 , —(CD)— claim 1 , —(CF)— or —(C(CH))—.26. (canceled)27. (canceled)28. ...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CARCINOMA

Disclosed herein are 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs, pharmaceutical compositions that include one or more of such 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs, and methods of treating and/or ameliorating diseases and/or conditions associated with a cancer, such as prostate cancer with such 1,4-naphthoquinone analogs. Also included are combination therapies wherein a 1,4-naphthoquinone analog disclosed herein, and a hormone therapy agent are provided to a subject suffering from a condition such as cancer. 330-. (canceled)31. The method of claim 2 , wherein the compound of Formula (I) is selected from the group consisting of:2-(phenylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione;4-((1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-yl)amino)benzenesulfonamide;2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)-1,4-naphthoquinone;2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; and2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,4-naphthoquinone.32. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen deprivation therapy is surgical orchiectomy.33. The method of claim 2 , wherein said androgen deprivation therapy is administration of one or more agents selected from the group consisting of cyproterone acetate claim 2 , abiraterone claim 2 , finasteride claim 2 , flutamide claim 2 , nilutamide claim 2 , bicalutamide claim 2 , diethylstilbestrol (DES) claim 2 , megestrol acetate claim 2 , fosfestrol claim 2 , estamustine phosphate claim 2 , leuprolide claim 2 , triptorelin claim 2 , goserelin claim 2 , histrelin claim 2 , buserelin claim 2 , abarelix claim 2 , degarelix claim 2 , orteronel claim 2 , VT-464 claim 2 , enzalutamide claim 2 , ARN-509 claim 2 , vinclozolin claim 2 , galeterone claim 2 , ketoconazole claim 2 , L-39 claim 2 , aminoglutethimide claim 2 , prochloraz claim 2 , dutasteride claim 2 , izonsteride claim 2 , turosteride claim 2 , epristeride claim 2 , genisterin claim 2 , gossypol claim 2 , equol claim 2 , 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid claim 2 , altraric acid claim 2 , N-butylbenzene-sulfonamide claim 2 , 3 claim 2 ,3′-diindolylmethane claim 2 , deslorelin claim 2 , nafarelin ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A STABLE POLYMORPHIC FORM OF ATOVAQUONE

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone exhibiting characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 20±0.2°θ) at about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5, which comprises: (a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles; (b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles at a minimal temperature of between 140° C. to 160° C. depending on the particle size of the sample; and (c) cooling the sample to obtain the stable polymorphic form of Atovaquone. 1. A process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone which comprises:(a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles;(b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles of step (a) at a temperature of at least about 160° C. for a time sufficient of at least about one hour to obtain a stable polymorphic form of Atovaquone, having characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 20±0.2° θ) at approximately one or more of the positions: about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5; and(c) cooling the sample of step (b).2. A process for the preparation of a stable polymorph III of Atovaquone which comprises:(a) providing a sample of Atovaquone particles wherein at least about 90% of the Atovaquone particles have a volume diameter of equal or less than about 40μ;(b) heating the sample of Atovaquone particles of step (a) at a temperature of at least about 140° C. for a time sufficient to obtain a stable polymorphic form of Atovaquone, having characteristic peaks (expressed in degrees 20±0.2° θ) at approximately one or more of the positions about 6.9, 9.6, 14.1, 14.7, 17.0, 18.5, 19.1, 19.9, 20.3, 22.0, 22.6, 23.2, 24.2, 26.8, and 28.5; and(c) cooling the sample of step (b).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the Atovaquone particles of step (c) are further micronized if non-micronized particles are used in step (a) claim 1 , to obtain Atovaquone particles having ...

USING MIXTURES OF E/Z ISOMERS TO OBTAIN QUANTITATIVELY SPECIFIC PRODUCTS BY COMBINED ASYMMETRIC HYDROGENATIONS

The present invention relates to a process of manufacturing compound having stereogenic centres from a mixture of E/Z isomers of unsaturated compounds having prochiral double bonds. The hydrogenation product has a specific desired configuration at the stereogenic centres. The process involves two asymmetric hydrogenation steps. The process is very advantageous in that it forms the desired chiral product from a mixture of stereoisomers of the starting product in an efficient way. 2. The process according to wherein the compound of formula (I) or (II) are selected from the group consisting of 3 claim 1 ,7-dimethyloct-6-enal claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,7-dimethylocta-2 claim 1 ,6-dienal claim 1 , 3 claim 1 ,7-dimethyloct-2-enal claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundeca-3 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,9-trien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundeca-5 claim 1 ,9-dien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundec-5-en-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundec-3-en-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadeca-5 claim 1 ,9 claim 1 ,13-trien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadeca-5 claim 1 ,9-dien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadec-5-en-2-one and (R)-6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadec-5-en-2-one as well as all their possible E/Z-isomers.3. The process according to wherein the compound of formula (I) or (II) is of formula (II) and particularly is selected from the group consisting of 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundeca-3 claim 1 ,5 claim 1 ,9-trien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundeca-5 claim 1 ,9-dien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundec-5-en-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundec-3-en-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10-dimethylundec-3 claim 1 ,5-diene-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadeca-5 claim 1 ,9 claim 1 ,13-trien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadeca-5 claim 1 ,9-dien-2-one claim 1 , 6 claim 1 ,10 claim 1 ,14-trimethylpentadec-5-en-2-one and (R)-6 claim 1 ,10 ...

METHODS FOR SELECTIVE OXIDATION OF ALPHA TOCOTRIENOL IN THE PRESENCE OF NON-ALPHA TOCOTRIENOLS

A method of producing alpha-tocotrienol quinone or a stereoisomer thereof, the method comprising selective opening of alpha-tocotrienol chroman to alpha-tocotrienol quinone in the presence of non-alpha tocotrienol chromans by oxidizing alpha-to-cotrienol with a metal salt oxidizing agent, wherein the stoichiometric ratio of metal salt oxidizing agent/alpha-tocotrienol is at least 4:1 and wherein said metal oxidizing agent is added in sequential additions, in order to reduce oxidation of any amounts of non-alpha tocotrienol chromans that might have been present in the starting alpha-tocotrienol chroman material. This process uses conditions favoring oxidation rates of the alpha tocotrienol chroman vs. the non-alpha tocotrienol chromans. 115.-. (canceled)17. The method according to comprising oxidizing alpha-tocotrienol with the metal salt oxidizing agent in a biphasic solution claim 16 , wherein a first solution comprises the alpha-tocotrienol dissolved in a non-polar solvent; a second solution comprises the metal salt oxidizing agent dissolved in a polar solvent; and the separate first and second solutions are mixed to permit the oxidation.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the metal salt oxidizing agent is sufficient to oxidize at least about 98% of the alpha-tocotrienol into the alpha-tocotrienol quinone.19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the composition resulting from the oxidation has less than about 1% of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of alpha-tocotrienol claim 18 , beta-tocotrienol claim 18 , beta-tocotrienol quinone claim 18 , gamma-tocotrienol claim 18 , gamma-tocotrienol quinone claim 18 , delta-tocotrienol claim 18 , delta-tocotrienol quinone claim 18 , and combinations thereof.20. The method according to claim 18 , wherein the composition resulting from the oxidation has less than about 0.7% of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of alpha-tocotrienol claim 18 , beta-tocotrienol claim ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING 2,3,5-TRIMETHYL BENZOQUINONE BY OXIDATION OF 2,3,6-TRIMETHYLPHENOL

The invention relates to a method for producing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone or a compound containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, the method comprising the following steps: Oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in a two-or multi-phase reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst or catalyst system containing at least one copper (II)-halide to a mixture containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, characterized in that the reaction medium contains water and at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more, preferably 7 or more, carbon atoms. 115.-. (canceled)16. A process for preparing 2 ,3 ,5-trimethylbenzoquinone or a mixture comprising 2 ,3 ,5-trimethylbenzoquinone , comprising the following step:(i) oxidizing 2,3,6-trimethylphenol to 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in a two-phase or multiphase reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst or catalyst system at least comprising a copper(II) halide, to give a mixture comprising 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone,wherein the reaction medium comprises water and at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more carbon atoms.17. The process according to claim 16 , wherein said at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 7 or more carbon atoms18. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the catalyst or the catalyst system comprises copper (II) chloride.19. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the catalyst or the catalyst system further comprises at least one alkali metal halide.20. The process according to claim 19 , wherein said at least one alkali metal halide is lithium chloride.21. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the reaction medium comprises 3-heptanol.22. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the process is carried out batchwise.23. The process according to claim 16 , wherein the mixture comprising 2 claim 16 ,3 claim 16 ,5-trimethylbenzoquinone is washed in a step (ii) with an ...

Quinone derivative and electrophotographic photosensitive member

A quinone derivative is represented by general formula (1). In general formula (1), at least one of R 1 -R 3 and at least one of R 4 -R 6 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms that has an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms. All other of R 1 -R 3 and all other of R 4 -R 6 each represent, independently of one another, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms.

METHOD OF FORMING PHENYLENE ETHER OLIGOMER

A phenylene ether oligomer is prepared by a process that includes partially converting 2,6-dimethylphenol to 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl and/or 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, converting the residual 2,6 dimethylphenol to poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and any 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl to 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyldiphenoquinone, and reacting the poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyldiphenoquinone to form the phenylene ether oligomer. The preparation can be conducted without isolation of intermediates. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkylenediamine is selected from the group consisting of N claim 1 ,N′-di-(C-alkyl)ethylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′-tri-(C-alkyl)ethylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′N′-tetra-(C-alkyl)ethylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-di-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,2-propylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′-tri-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,2-propylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′N′-tetra-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,2-propylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-di-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,3-propylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′-tri-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,3-propylenediamines claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′N′-tetra-(C-alkyl)-1 claim 1 ,3-propylenediamines claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The method of or claim 1 , wherein the alkylenediamine is selected from the group consisting of N claim 1 ,N′-di-tert-butylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′ claim 1 ,N′-tetraethylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′ claim 1 ,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-diethyl-N claim 1 ,N′-dimethylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-diethylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N′-dimethylethylenediamine claim 1 , N claim 1 ,N claim 1 ,N′ claim 1 ,N′-tetramethyl-1 claim 1 ,3-butylenediamine claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of any one of - claim 1 , wherein the reaction of the 2 ...

DEUTERATED IDEBENONE

The present invention in one embodiment provides a compound of Formula I: 123-. (canceled)25. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CH.26. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CD.27. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CH.28. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CD.29. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CH.30. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , Ris CD.31. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; each Yis deuterium; and each Yis deuterium.35. The method of claim 24 , wherein in the compound of Formula I claim 24 , the deuterium incorporation at each designated deuterium atom is at least 90%.36. The method of claim 24 , wherein the deuterium incorporation at each designated deuterium atom is at least 95%. This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/008,676, filed on Jun. 14, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/414,039 (now U.S. Pat. No. 10,017,445), filed on Jan. 9, 2015, which is the U.S. National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US2013/050302, filed on Jul. 12, 2013, published in English, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/670,716, filed on Jul. 12, 2012. The entire teachings of the above application(s) are incorporated herein by reference.Many current medicines suffer from poor absorption, distribution, metabolism and/or excretion (ADME) properties that prevent their wider use or limit their use in certain indications. Poor ADME properties are also a major reason for the failure of drug candidates in clinical trials. While formulation technologies and prodrug strategies can be employed in some cases to improve ...

Quinones and process of obtaining same

Disclosed is a process for the oxidation of at least one chroman (C1) in a solvent mixture comprising at least two solvents or in a C-bearing solvent, with a gaseous compound comprising, essentially consisting of, or consisting of oxygen in the presence of a copper catalyst, said copper catalyst exhibiting the oxidation state (+1) or (+2). A further part of the disclosure is a composition comprising at least one chroman (C1) and/or at least one quinone (C30), a solvent mixture comprising at least two solvents or a C-bearing solvent, a copper catalyst, said copper catalyst exhibiting the oxidation state (+1) or (+2) and a gaseous compound comprising, essentially consisting or consisting of oxygen. A quinone preparation and a process of making same is also part of the invention.

Menaquinol Compositions and Methods of Treatment

The present application discloses methods for the efficient preparation of high purity compounds of the Formula I, and their methods of use.

Anthraquinone process

An improved process for producing hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone process, utilizing a palladium on calcined support catalyst having high attrition resistance, is provided.

Method for preparing hydroquinones and dihydroxybiphenyl compounds from mixtures of bromophenols and benzoquinones

A method is described for the simultaneous preparation of p-bromophenols and p-benzoquinones, intermediates useful in the preparation of hydroquinones and 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls, respectively. Hydroquinones and 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls are useful monomers for the preparation of a variety of polymers. The method also comprises reducing the p-benzoquinone to its corresponding hydroquinone in the presence of the p-bromophenol. Limiting the amount of HBr present in the reaction mixture was shown to control the amount of benzoquinone produced. The method also allows for the recycling of many of the reagents used, thereby reducing the cost of producing each monomer.

Способ производства пероксида водорода

1. Способ производства пероксида водорода с использованием процесса АО, включающий две чередующиеся основные стадии:(а) гидрирование рабочего раствора в блоке гидрирования в присутствии катализатора, при этом указанный рабочий раствор содержит, по меньшей мере, один алкилантрахинон, растворенный, по меньшей мере, в одном органическом растворителе, с целью получения, по меньшей мере, одного соответствующего алкилантрагидрохинонового соединения; и(b) окисление указанного, по меньшей мере, одного алкилантрагидрохинонового соединения с целью получения пероксида водорода в блоке окисления; и дополнительно включающий стадию(с) экстракции пероксида водорода, образовавшегося на стадии окисления, в блоке экстракции,отличающийся тем, что стадии гидрирования, окисления и экстракции осуществляют в реакторной системе, которая спроектирована как компактная модульная система, состоящая из блока гидрирования, блока окисления и блока экстракции, при этом указанная реакторная система предназначена для функционирования без блока восстановления, в частности, без блока восстановления, предназначенного для непрерывного восстановления рабочего раствора, как мало- или среднемасштабный процесс АО с производительностью по пероксиду водорода до 20 килотонн в год, при этом рабочий раствор и/или катализатор заменяют и/или обрабатывают с целью регенерации или реактивации только периодически или время от времени.2. Способ производства пероксида водорода с использованием процесса АО по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что стадии гидрирования, окисления и экстракции проводят в почти полностью замкнутой реакторной системе, спроектированн� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2014 118 565 A (51) МПК C01B 15/023 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2014118565/05, 02.10.2012 (71) Заявитель(и): СОЛВЕЙ СА (BE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 11.10.2011 EP 11184576.4 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 12 ...

Method for production of hydrogen peroxide

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method and device for production of hydrogen peroxide. Method for production of hydrogen peroxide using an anthraquinone autooxidation AO process includes two alternating main stages (a) hydrogenation of working solution in a hydrogenation unit in presence of a catalyst, wherein said working solution contains at least one alkylanthraquinone, dissolved in at least one organic solvent, in order to obtain at least one corresponding alkylanthrahydroquinone compound; and (b) oxidation of said at least one alkylanthrahydroquinone compound in order to obtain hydrogen peroxide in oxidation unit; and, additionally involving stage (c) for extraction of hydrogen peroxide formed during oxidation, in an extraction unit. Stages of hydrogenation, oxidation and extraction are performed in a reactor system, which is designed as a compact modular system, consisting of a hydrogenation unit, an oxidation unit and an extraction unit, wherein said reactor system is intended for operation without a recovery (regeneration) unit, intended for continuous recovery of working solution, as low- or medium-sized AO process with hydrogen peroxide output of up to 20 kilotons a year, preferably, hydrogen peroxide output of up to 15 kilotons a year, more preferably, hydrogen peroxide output of up to 10 kilotons a year, preferably, wherein working solution and/or catalyst is replaced and/or treated for regeneration or reactivation only periodically or from time to time, for example, with low frequency. EFFECT: technical result is production of aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide in concentrations, intended for use in industry, simplification and reduction of scale of process. 12 cl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 609 474 C2 (51) МПК C01B 15/023 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2014118565, 02.10.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия ...

制备过氧化氢的方法和系统

本发明涉及过氧化氢技术领域，具体涉及一种制备过氧化氢的方法和系统。该方法包括：(1)在加氢催化剂存在下，将含有氢气和工作液的反应液进行氢化反应，并将得到的浆液进行固液分离，得到氢化液和循环浆液，并将所述循环浆液返回加入所述反应液；(2)将所述氢化液分为A液和B液；在再生催化剂存在下，将所述A液进行再生反应，得到再生氢化液；(3)将所述B液、再生氢化液和含氧气体进行氧化反应，得到氧化液；(4)将所述氧化液进行萃取，得到过氧化氢溶液和萃余液，并将所述萃余液返回加入所述反应液。该方法基本消除反应器床层温差，有效提高氢化反应选择性、装置效率以及氢化效率，延长加氢催化剂寿命；该系统简化装置、提高安全性。

Naphthoquinone derivative

고순도 테트라클로로-1,4-벤조퀴논의 제조방법

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Способ получения 2, 3, 5-триметилбензохинона при помощи окисления 2, 3, 6-триметилфенола

А 2016103145 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) 1] хх < д < Хх < РИ "’ 23: (50) МПК С07С 46/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016103145, 25.06.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): БАСФ СЕ (ОЕ) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): 02.07.2013 ЕР 13174688.5; ДЭН Рихард (ОЕ), 02.07.2013 95$ 61/841,946 КЛАУС Михаель (ОЕ), (43) Дата публикации заявки: 07.08.2017 Бюл. № 22 я АНП. Е (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки РСТ на ТЕЛЕС Йоахим Энрике (РЕ) национальной фазе: 02.02.2016 (86) Заявка РСТ: ЕР 2014/063425 (25.06.2014) (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: УГО 2015/000767 (08.01.2015) Адрес для переписки: 105064, Москва, а/я 88, "Патентные поверенные Квашнин, Сапельников и партнеры" (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ 2, 3, 5-ГРИМЕТИЛБЕНЗОХИНОНА ПРИ ПОМОЩИ ОКИСЛЕНИЯ 2, 3, 6-ТРИМЕТИЛФЕНОЛА (57) Формула изобретения 1. Способ получения 2,3,5-триметилбензохинона или смеси, содержащей 2,3,5- триметилбензохинон, включающий в себя следующую стадию: (1) окисление 2,3,6-триметилфенола до 2,3,5-триметилбензохинона с помощью кислорода или кислородсодержащего газа в двух- или многофазной реакционной среде в присутствии катализатора или каталитической системы, содержащей по меньшей мере галогенид меди (ПП), так что образуется смесь, содержащая 2,3,5- триметилбензохинон, отличающийся тем, что реакционная среда содержит воду и по меньшей мере один вторичный алифатический ациклический спирт, имеющий 6 или более, предпочтительно 7 или более, атомов углерода. 2. Способ по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что катализатор или каталитическая система содержит хлорид меди (П). 3. Способ по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что катализатор или каталитическая система, кроме того, содержит по меньшей мере один галогенид щелочного металла, предпочтительно хлорид лития. 4. Способ по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что реакционная среда содержит 3- гептанол. 5. Способ по п. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что этот способ проводится в Стр.: 1 па ЗУ ГОС У А ...

重合体スケール付着防止剤及びそれを使用する重合体製造方法

Polymer scale preventive agent

A polymer scale preventive agent for use in polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, comprising a naphthoquinone dimer compound. This agent is applied to the inner wall surfaces of a polymerization vessel to form a coating. Such a vessel is effective in preventing polymer scale deposition, not only on the areas located in the liquid-phase region but also on the areas around the interface between the gas and liquid phases in the vessel, and useful in producing a polymer that shows few fish eyes and good whiteness when formed into sheets or the like.

Process for preparing *14414c**dawnorbicine and *14414c**doxorbicine

테트라클로로-1, 4-벤조퀴논의 제조 방법

본 발명은 사용되는 하이드로퀴논의 일부를 촉매량의 철(Ⅲ) 이온 및 음이온성 분산제를 함유하는 초기에 도입된 4- 내지 6-배 몰량(하이드로퀴논의 총 몰량을 기준으로 함)의 20 내지 37% 수성 염산에 도입하고, 20 내지 90℃의 온도에서 총 하이드로퀴논을 기준으로 1.5 내지 2.0배 몰량의 염소를 기체로서 상기 용액에 도입하고, 이어서 나머지량의 하이드로퀴논을 고체로서 또는 용해된 형태로 가하고, 1.5 내지 2.0배 몰량의 염소를 기체로서 도입하고, 물을 첨가하여 염산의 농도를 23 내지 25%로 유지시키고, 최종적으로 염소(1.7 내지 2.5배 몰량)를 기체로서 추가로 도입하고 염산 농도가 20 내지 22%가 되도록 물로 희석하면서 온도를 100 내지 107℃로 승온시킴을 포함하는, 하이드로퀴논상에서의 염소 및 진한 염산의 작용에 의해 고순도의 테트라클로로-1, 4-벤조퀴논을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.

一种蒽醌法生产双氧水的氢化工艺

本发明公开了一种蒽醌法生产双氧水的氢化工艺，包括如下内容：（1）蒽醌法生产双氧水的氢化工艺中设置两个反应器，第一股新鲜氢气和工作液作为进料I在第一反应器发生氢化反应后，反应后的物料经气液分离，得到气相和液相，部分液相循环回第一反应器，剩余的合理优化和调变，避免了反应氢气量不足或氢气量过剩现象，实现氢化完全液相与气相混合后作为进料II进入第二反应器；（2）第二股新鲜氢气与进料II在第二反应器内发生氢化反应后，反应后的物料经气液分离，得到气相和液相，部分液相循环回第二反应器，剩余液相进入氧化工序。本发明工艺通过对氢化过程的同时，减少副反应发生，使氢化反应更加均匀，延长催化剂使用寿命。

过氧化氢的生产方法

一种通过AO法制造过氧化氢的方法，该方法包括以下两个交替的必要步骤：(a)将工作溶液在催化剂的存在下在氢化单元(氢化器)中氢化，其中所述工作溶液含有溶解在至少一种有机溶剂中的至少一种烷基蒽醌，以获得至少一种相对应的烷基蒽氢醌化合物；以及(b)在氧化单元中氧化所述至少一种烷基蒽氢醌化合物以获得过氧化氢；并且进一步包括以下步骤(c)在萃取单元中萃取在该氧化步骤中形成的过氧化氢，其中这些氢化、氧化和萃取步骤在反应器系统中进行，该反应器系统被设计为具有氢化单元、氧化单元和萃取单元的紧凑的模块化系统，并且其中所述反应器系统被配置为作为具有最高达20千吨/年的过氧化氢生产能力、优选具有最高达15千吨/年的过氧化氢生产能力、并且更优选地具有最高达10千吨/年的过氧化氢生产能力的小规模至中等规模的AO法，在没有用于该工作溶液的连续复原的复原(再生)单元的情况下运行，其中该工作溶液和/或该催化剂仅间歇性地或周期性地，例如以低频率，被替换和/或处理以再生或再活化。

蒽醌法双氧水装置氢化单元的安全控制系统和控制方法

本发明公开了一种蒽醌法双氧水装置氢化单元的安全控制系统和控制方法，系统包括：气相氧含量在线监测模块、惰性气体模块、第一压力检测模块、温度检测模块、第二氢化联锁设备以及第一氢化联锁设备；第二氢化联锁设备上设置气相氧含量联锁值，第一氢化联锁设备上设置有温度联锁值和压力联锁值；当检测的压力大于压力联锁值，和/或检测的温度大于温度联锁值时，第一氢化联锁设备启动，切断氢化反应器的氢气进料；当检测的气相氧含量大于气相氧含量联锁值时，第二氢化联锁设备启动，将输入至氢化反应器内的氢气切断，向氢化反应器上的气液分离器内注入惰性气体。该安全控制系统克服现有技术中的过氧化氢生产控制的安全性不够完善的问题。

Method for 1,4-naphthoquinones and anthraquinones using the [2+4] deils-alder reaction

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for synthesizing 1,4-naphthoquinones and anthraquinones using£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction in high yield where resultant compounds from the£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction are continuously dehydrogenated in the same reactor as the£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction is carried out. Also, nitro compounds acting as solvent and oxidant are used in the£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction so that amine compounds can be obtained. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method of 1,4-naphthoquinones and anthraquinones comprises the process of reacting quinones selected from 1,4-benzoquinone, 2-methylbenzoquinone, 1,4-naphthoquinone with 1,3-butadienes selected from 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-butadiene by using£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction where nitro compounds selected from nitrobenzene, p-nitrotoluene, and p-nitrophenol are used as both solvent and oxidant; continuously dehydrogenating resultant compounds. In the method, the temperature of the£2+4|Diels-Alder reaction is 140 to 210deg.C.

Phenyl bisphenol derivative, preparation method and medical application thereof

本发明涉及苯双酚衍生物及其制备方法和在医药上的应用。本发明的苯双酚衍生物能够促进镇静催眠、脑保护，治疗和/或预防中枢神经系统相关的疾病。

Preparation of 2,3,5-trimethylbenzoquinone

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Histochrome dosage form for oral administration and prolonged action

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a water soluble carrageenan-histochrome complex with a 5:1 weight ratio of said components, having prolonged gastroprotective, cardioprotective and antioxidant effects. To obtain said complex, a calculated amount of stock alcohol solution of histochrome is added to an aqueous solution of carrageenan, the resulting solution is stirred at a temperature of 37 °C for 60 min. EFFECT: technical result provided by the invention is that the claimed complex prevents the oxidation of histochrome by atmospheric oxygen, preserves its antioxidant, cardioprotective properties and exhibits prolonged gastroprotective action, several times higher than the action of histochrome and carrageenan, as well as the standard phosphalugel preparation. 1 cl, 6 dwg, 3 tbl, 8 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 651 042 C1 (51) МПК A61K 31/122 (2006.01) A61K 35/60 (2006.01) A61K 47/36 (2006.01) C08B 37/00 (2006.01) C07C 50/32 (2006.01) A61K 9/08 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА A61P 1/04 (2006.01) ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ A61P 9/10 (2006.01) A61P 39/06 (2006.01) (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК A61K 31/122 (2006.01); A61K 35/60 (2006.01); A61K 47/36 (2006.01); C08B 37/00 (2006.01); C08B 37/0042 (2006.01); C07C 50/32 (2006.01); A61K 9/0053 (2006.01); A61K 9/0095 (2006.01); A61K 9/08 (2006.01); A61K 2121/00 (2006.01) 2017119595, 05.06.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 05.06.2017 18.04.2018 Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 05.06.2017 2 6 5 1 0 4 2 R U Адрес для переписки: 690022, г. Владивосток, пр-кт 100 лет Владивостоку, 159, Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Тихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук, зав. патентным отделом Стадниченко Н.И. (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2137472 C1, 20.09.1999. RU 2530886 C1, 20.10.2014. RU 2500396 C2, 10.12.2013. WO 91/08189 A1, 13.06.1991. RU ...

Method of producing 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone

Настоящее изобретение относится к усовершенствованному способу получения 2,6-диметилбензохинона (2,6-DMQ). The present invention relates to an improved method for producing 2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone (2,6-DMQ).

Hydroxylated quinone polymerization inhibitor and method of use thereof

하이드록실화 퀴논 중합방지제를 사용하여 단량체(예를 들어, 스티렌) 조성물의 중합을 억제하기 위한 방법 및 조성물이 기술된다. 하이드록실화 퀴논 중합방지제는 니트록실기 함유 중합방지제를 거의 또는 전혀 사용하지 않고 사용될 수 있지만, 단량체 함유 조성물에서 탁월한 중합방지제 활성을 여전히 제공한다.

Preparation of 3,3'5,5'-tetratertiary butyl diphenoquinone

Oxidative coupling products of 2,6-ditertiary butyl phenol are formed by contacting the 2,6-ditertiary butyl phenol with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a heterogeneous oxidative coupling catalyst in methanol.

(14-14c)-doxorubicin and manufacture

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Fungicidal naphthoquinones and derivatives

The present invention relates to fungicidal naphthoquinones and derivatives of formula I, compositions comprising them, to their use and to methods for combating phytopathogenic fungi on field crops. The present invention also relates to seeds treated with at least one such compound.

SALT MELT, METHOD FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (11) 2006 145 504 (13) A (51) ÌÏÊ C07C 50/02 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÇÀßÂÊÀ ÍÀ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈÅ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006145504/04, 30.06.2005 (71) Çà âèòåëü(è): ÄÇÅ ÊÓÈÍÇ ÞÍÈÂÅÐÑÈÒÈ ÎÔ ÁÅËÔÀÑÒ (GB) (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 30.06.2004 GB 0414597.5 (72) Àâòîð(û): ÄÎÝÐÒÈ Ýíäðþ Ï. (GB) (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 20.08.2008 Áþë. ¹ 23 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2006/003395 (12.01.2006) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 191186, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, à/ 230, "ÀÐÑÏÀÒÅÍÒ", ïàò. ïîâ. Â.Â.Äîùå÷êèíîé (54) ÑÎËÅÂÎÉ ÐÀÑÏËÀÂ, ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÅÃÎ ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß È ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÏÅÐÅÊÈÑÈ A ÂÎÄÎÐÎÄÀ 2 0 0 6 1 4 5 5 0 4 R U - Ñòðàíèöà: 1 RU A (57) Ôîðìóëà èçîáðåòåíè 1. Ñîëåâîé ðàñïëàâ (Cat An ), ñîäåðæàùèé õèíîí èëè ïðîèçâîäíîå õèíîíà êàê àíèîí èëè êàòèîí, ïðè÷åì óêàçàííûé õèíîí èëè ïðîèçâîäíîå õèíîíà èìååò ñòðóêòóðó ôîðìóëû I, II èëè III + 2 0 0 6 1 4 5 5 0 4 (86) Çà âêà PCT: GB 2005/002565 (30.06.2005) R U (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 30.01.2007 A 2 0 0 6 1 4 5 5 0 4 R U A Ñòðàíèöà: 2 2 0 0 6 1 4 5 5 0 4 3. Ñîëåâîé ðàñïëàâ ïî ëþáîìó èç ïï.1 èëè 2, ãäå êàòèîí âûáðàí èç ãðóïïû, ñîñòî ùåé èç èìèäàçîëè , ïèïåðèäèíè , ôîñôîíè è ÷åòâåðòè÷íûõ àìèíîãðóïï. 4. Ñîëåâîé ðàñïëàâ ïî ï.1, ñîäåðæàùèé õèíîí èëè ïðîèçâîäíîå õèíîíà â âèäå êàòèîíà, ãäå À âûáðàí èç ãðóïïû, ñîñòî ùåé èç èìèäàçîëè , ïèïåðèäèíè , ïèðèäèíè , ôîñôîíè , èîíîâ ïèðàçèíè , ÷åòâåðòè÷íûõ àìèíîâ è èõ ïðîèçâîäíûõ. 5. Ñîëåâîé ðàñïëàâ ïî ï.1, ñîäåðæàùèé õèíîí èëè ïðîèçâîäíîå õèíîíà â âèäå êàòèîíà, ãäå îäèí èëè áîëåå ÷åì îäèí àòîì êîëüöà ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé êâàòåðíèçîâàííûé ãåòåðîàòîì, è êàæäûé êâàòåðíèçîâàííûé ãåòåðîàòîì íåçàâèñèìî ïðåäñòàâë åò ñîáîé ãðóïïó èìèäàçîëè , ïèïåðèäèíè , ïèðèäèíè , ôîñôîíè , ïèðàçèíè , ÷åòâåðòè÷íîãî àìèíà, àììîíè èëè èõ ïðîèçâîäíîå, è À ïðåäñòàâë åò âîäîðîä, C1-10àëêèëüíóþ ãðóïïó ñ íåðàçâåòâëåííîé, ðàçâåòâëåííîé öåïüþ èëè öèêëè÷åñêóþ, àðèëüíóþ ãðóïïó, ãåòåðîöèêëè÷åñêóþ ãðóïïó, CN, ÎÍ èëè NO2, ãäå óêàçàííûå àëêèëüíûå è ...

Benzene derivative

Preparation method of working solution for hydrogen peroxide production

Material for organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent device using the same

Disclosed is a material for organic electroluminescent devices which contains a quinone derivative represented by one of the formulae (1)-(3) below. [In the formulae, R1-R16 respectively represent a hydrogen, a halogen, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, an alkyl group, a fluoroalkyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic ring, provided that at least one of R1-R4, at least one of R5-R10 or at least one of R11-R16 is an aryloxy group; and X represents one of the substituents represented by the following formulae (a)-(f). (In the formulae, R17-R19 respectively represent a hydrogen, an alkyl group or an aryl group, and R18 and R19 may combine together to form a ring.)]

Medicaments

A method for treating or preventing a Pneumocystis carinii infection in a mammal by administering a certain naphthoquinone compound or physiologically acceptable salts thereof.

Method for producing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone by oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol

FIELD: chemistry; technological processes. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a method for producing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone or a mixture containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, which are used to produce vitamin E. Method comprises the step of oxidation of 2,3,6-trimethylphenol to 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in a two- or multi-phase reaction medium in the presence of a catalyst or catalyst system containing at least a copper (ll) halide, so that a mixture containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone is formed. Reaction medium contains water and at least one secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more carbon atoms. Invention also relates to a mixture for the synthesis of vitamin E containing 2,3,5-trimethyl benzoquinone, to use of a secondary aliphatic acyclic alcohol having 6 or more carbon atoms and to use of the mixture produced by the proposed method. EFFECT: proposed method allows maximally preventing the formation of chlorinated byproducts, thereby improving the selectivity of the process. 18 cl, 1 tbl, 12 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 668 962 C2 (51) МПК C07C 46/08 (2006.01) C07C 50/02 (2006.01) C07C 31/125 (2006.01) C07D 311/72 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C07C 46/08 (2006.01); C07D 311/72 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016103145, 25.06.2014 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 05.10.2018 02.07.2013 EP 13174688.5; 02.07.2013 US 61/841,946 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: EP 0369823 А1, 23.05.1990. EP (43) Дата публикации заявки: 07.08.2017 Бюл. № 22 0475272 B1, 11.01.1995. RU 2163600 C2, 27.02.2001. RU 2165406 C1, 20.04.2001. (45) Опубликовано: 05.10.2018 Бюл. № 28 C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 02.02.2016 (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2014/063425 (25.06.2014) 2 6 6 8 9 6 2 (87) Публикация заявки PCT: R U 2 6 6 8 9 6 2 (73) ...

Producing method of 1,4-naphthoquinones and anthraquinones using oxidizing agent

본 발명은 1,4-벤조퀴논류 또는 1,4-나프토퀴논과 1,3-부타디엔류를 벤젠, 톨루엔과 같은 방향족 용매에서 반응온도 60℃∼120℃로 [2+4] 딜즈-알더 반응시켜 4a,5,8,8a-테트라하이드로-1,4-나프토퀴논류 및 1,4,4a,9a-테트라하이드로안트라퀴논류을 제조한 후, 이를 염화 제 1 구리, 과산화수소, 염소산나트륨계 산화제 및 수산화나트륨, 산소 등과 같은 산화제를 이용하여 70℃∼150℃에서 산화성 탈수소화 반응시켜 나프토퀴논류 및 안트라퀴논류를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. [2 + 4] Diels-Alder reaction of 1,4-benzoquinones or 1,4-naphthoquinone and 1,3-butadiene at a reaction temperature of 60 ° C to 120 ° C in an aromatic solvent such as benzene and toluene To prepare 4a, 5,8,8a-tetrahydro-1,4-naphthoquinones and 1,4,4a, 9a-tetrahydroanthraquinones, followed by cuprous chloride, hydrogen peroxide, sodium chlorate oxidizing agent, and The present invention relates to a method for producing naphthoquinones and anthraquinones by an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction at 70 ° C to 150 ° C using an oxidizing agent such as sodium hydroxide and oxygen. 본 발명에 의하면 반응 후 공정이 간단하며 수율이 높으면서도 경제적으로 유리한 나프토퀴논류 및 안트라퀴논류의 제조방법을 제공할 수 있다. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for producing naphthoquinones and anthraquinones which are simple after the reaction and have high yields and are economically advantageous.

A kind of preparation method of the naphthoquinone derivatives of 2 trifluoromethyl 1,4

本发明涉及一种2‑三氟甲基‑1,4‑萘醌衍生物的制备方法，将铜催化剂、碱和togni试剂溶解在有机溶剂中，加入芳基炔酮取代的苯甲醛类化合物形成反应体系，反应体系在60℃反应10小时，经后处理得到2‑三氟甲基‑1,4‑萘醌衍生物。本发明一步实现2‑三氟甲基‑1,4‑萘醌衍生物的合成，合成效率显著提高，反应条件温和，操作简单，底物适用范围广，官能团兼容性好，以廉价的溴化亚铜为催化剂，具有良好应用前景。

Flavanoids and isoflavanoids for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases

The present disclosure provides non-naturally occurring polyphenol compounds that upregulate the expression of Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). The disclosed compositions and methods can be used for treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease and related disease states, including cholesterol or lipid related disorders, such as, e.g., atherosclerosis.

NAPHTHOQUINONE DERIVATIVES

본 발명은 하기 화학식(I)의 여러 신규한 나프토귀콘 유도체, 그의 제조 방법, 상기 화합물을 함유하는 조성물 및 살균제, 및 특히 살충제 및 살비제와 같은 해충구제제로서의 그의 용도에 관한 것이다: 상기 식에서, R은 수소원자 또는 하이드록실 또는 에타노일옥시기를 나타낸다. 화학식(I)의 화합물은 칼세올라리아 속의 식물로부터 유도될 수 있으며, 따라서 본 발명은 또한 칼세올라리아 속에 속하는 하나의 종의 추출물 및 해충구제제로서의 용도에 관련된다.

Quinone compound and its preparation

Process for the preparation of coenzyme Qn and intermediates thereof

본 발명은 건강보조식품이나 의약의 활성물질로 광범위하게 사용되는 하기 화학식 1의 코엔자임 Q n (n=1-12)의 제조방법 및 코엔자임 Q n 의 제조과정에서 생성되는 신규한 중간체에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of coenzyme Q n (n = 1-12) of the general formula (1), which is widely used as an active ingredient in dietary supplements or medicaments, and to novel intermediates produced during the preparation of coenzyme Q n . 상기 식에서, R 2 , R 3 및 n은 명세서에 정의한 바와 같다. Wherein R 2 , R 3 and n are as defined in the specification. 코엔자임 Qn, 비타민 K, 폴리프레닐트리메틸 퀴논, 하이드로퀴논 유도체, 염화철 Coenzyme Qn, Vitamin K, Polyprenyltrimethyl Quinone, Hydroquinone Derivative, Iron Chloride

Method of aralkylation of 4'-hydroxyl group of anthracyclines

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: claimed invention relates to a method of obtaining anthracyclines of formula 1 and can be used in the chemical industry, where: R 1 =H, OH, OMe; R 2 =H, OH, or OCOalk 1 ; where alk 1 represents an alkyl, alkenyl or alkinyl C 1 -C 12 , 4'-OCH 2 -R 3 ; R 3 represents H, alk 1 or an optionally substituted aryl; An - is an anion of a strong acid; is obtained by alkylation by means of R 3 -CH 2 X, where X is selected from Cl-, Br-, I-, Ts, CH 3 SO 2 O-, CF 3 SO 2 O, via stages: (a) obtaining salt of formula 2 (b) its incubation with the solution TfN 3 in dichloromethane to the formation of respective 3'-N 3 -daunorubicin, (c) dissolution of the stage (b) product in an aprotic solvent; (d) interaction of the stage (c) product with an excess of R 3 -CH 2 X and base to obtaining respective 4'OR 3 -3'-N 3 -daunorubicin, (e) interaction of the stage (d) product in THF with triphenylphosphine to obtaining respective 4'-OR 3 -daunorubicin, (f) interaction of the stage (e) product in an aprotic solvent with a halogenating agent to obtaining a derivative, halogenated in 14 position, (g) hydrolysis of the stage (f) product. EFFECT: claimed is the novel effective method of obtaining derivatives of anthracyclines. 14 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 563 453 C2 (51) МПК C07H 15/24 (2006.01) A61K 31/704 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2010127825/04, 09.12.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 09.12.2008 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЗАБУДКИН Александр (UA), МАТВИЕНКО Виктор (UA), МАТВЕЕВ Алексей (UA), ИТКИН Александр (US) R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): СОЛЮКС КОРПОРЕЙШЕН (US) 08.01.2008 US 61/019,770; 23.05.2008 US 12/126.733 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.02.2012 Бюл. № 5 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 20070037758 A1, 15.02.2007. WO 2007076345 A2, 05.07. ...

A kind of Hydrogen Peroxide Production controls the method for hydrogenation of degraded

本发明公开了一种双氧水生产中控制降解的氢化方法，包括如下内容：（1）将蒽醌法生产双氧水氢化过程中的工作液和氢气在溶气设备混合，使氢气溶解在工作液中，得到溶解氢气的工作液；（2）步骤（1）中的溶解氢气的工作液经一级减压系统减压至反应压力，流经装填加氢催化剂的一级氢化反应器，进行氢化反应；（3）步骤（2）中的反应后的物料经二级减压系统减压至反应压力，与补充氢气在装填有加氢催化剂的二级氢化反应器内发生氢化反应，反应后的物料经气液分离得到氢化工作液。本发明能够有效的控制副反应的发生，提高氢化反应效率，在双氧水生产工艺中有着广阔的应用前景。

Method of producing 2,3,5,6,8-pentaghydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (spinochrome d) and intermediate compounds used in this method

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the method of producing 2,3,5,6,8-pentahydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (spinochrome D) of formula I , where R 1 =OH and R 2 =H, which is used in medicine and cosmetology, as well as to new intermediate compounds of formula V, where R=n-propyl-O-, n-butyl-O-, n-amyl-O-. The method comprises reacting a compound of formula II , where R 1 =OH and R 2 =H, with primary unbranched alcohols C 3 -C 5 when catalyzed by sulfuric or methanesulphonic acid, with removal of water thus formed by azeotropic distillation of alcohol C 3 -C 5 , to produce compounds of formula II, where R 1 =N-propyl-O- and R 2 =H, R 1 =N-butyl-O- and R 2 =H, R 1 =N-amyl-O- and R 2 =H, followed by reacting the resulting 6-alkoxy-substituted compounds of formula II with a 4-, 6-fold mole excess of sodium nitrite in acetone-ethanol at reflux to produce compounds of formula III as a mixture of isomers, where R 1 =H, and R 2 =N-propyl-O-, n-butyl-O-, n-amyl-O- and R 2 =H, and R 1 =N-propyl-O-, n-butyl-O-, n-amyl-O-. The resulting compounds of formula III are reduced by sodium dithionite or sodium sulphide to produce a compound of formula IV , where R 1 and R 2 are defined above, followed by conversion of the compound of formula IV by acid catalyzed hydrolysis in a dimethylsulfoxide-formic acid-sulfuric acid-water mixture at the reflux temperature to the compound of formula V , where R=n-propyl-O-, n -Butyl-O-, n-amyl-O-, which, by acid catalyzed hydrolysis in the mixture of formic acid-methanesulfonic acid-water at the reflux temperature, is converted to the desired compound by spinochrome D. EFFECT: producing the desired product with high yield. 2 cl, 22 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 632 668 C2 (51) МПК C07C 46/00 (2006.01) C07C 50/32 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2016109512, 16.03.2016 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 16.03.2016 Дата регистрации: ...

Patent DE2560549C2

Process for the manufacture of hydrogen peroxide

본 발명은 과산화수소의 제조 방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen peroxide.

Benzoquinone derivative

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。