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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Форма поиска

Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 4565. Отображено 100.
25-10-2012 дата публикации

Light derived timber product board

Номер: US20120270973A1
Автор: Andreas Michanickl
Принадлежит: Individual

The invention relates to a light, single-layer derived timber product board which is distinguished by having a bulk density of below 500 kg/m 3 and consisting of a mixture of crushed and sliced chips. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the production of such a light, single-layer derived timber product board.

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Номер записи: 1
28-02-2013 дата публикации

Composition for Corrosion Prevention

Номер: US20130048917A1
Автор: Jorma Antero Virtanen, Todd Hawkins
Принадлежит: Tesla Nanocoatings Inc

The composition described herein for the prevention of corrosion comprises: sacrificial metal particles more noble than a metal substrate to which the composition contacts; carbonaceous material that can form electrical contact between the sacrificial metal particles; and means for providing an anticorrosion coating material for the metal substrate. The composition can form a coating on a metal substrate surface. A method for applying the composition for the prevention of corrosion is also described herein.

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Номер записи: 2
28-03-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITE MATERIAL MADE OF A MATERIAL CONTAINING CELLULOSE AND A PLASTIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20130079439A1
Автор: Carloff Ruediger, Khrenov Victor, Reinheimer Eric, Roth Christian, Schuetz Carlo, SCHULTES Klaus
Принадлежит: Evonik Roehm GmbH

The invention relates to novel composite materials which are made of at least one material containing cellulose, preferably wood, and at least one plastic material, and which have improved mechanical and weather resistance properties. 1: A composite material , comprising:a cellulose-comprising material and a plastic,wherein the plastic comprises a copolymer, andthe copolymer comprises a poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylate and a cyclic carboxylic anhydride derivative.2: The composite material of claim 1 ,wherein the copolymer is an adhesion promoter, andthe poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylate is a matrix material.3: The composite material of claim 1 ,wherein the copolymer has an MVR melt index [230° C., 3.8 kg] of from 1 to 30 mL/10 min.4: The composite material of claim 1 ,wherein a proportion of the copolymer based on a total weight of the composite material, is at least 0.5% by weight and no more than a difference between 100% and a percentage proportion by weight of the cellulose-comprising material.5: The composite material of claim 1 ,wherein a proportion of the cyclic carboxylic anhydride derivative, based on a total weight of the composite material, is from 0.1 to 5% by weight.6: The composite material of claim 1 ,wherein the cellulose-comprising material comprises wood, paper, or paperboard.7: The composite material of claim 1 , comprising:up to 80% by weight of wood particles andat least 15% by weight of the poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylate,based in each case on a total weight of the composite material.8: The composite material of claim 1 , consisting of:a cellulose-containing component in a content of from 40 to 80% by weight,the copolymer in a content of from 1 to 50% by weight,a lubricant in a content of from 0 to 5% by weight,a poly(alkyl)(meth)acrylate matrix polymer in a content of from 0 to 59% by weight,a dye in a content of from 0 to 5% by weight, anda light stabilizer in a content of from 0 to 0.5% by weight,wherein the copolymer and the matrix polymer are together from 9.5 ...

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Номер записи: 3
04-04-2013 дата публикации

USE OF A COMPOSITION BASED ON THERMOPLASTIC RESIN FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF RAILWAY SLEEPERS

Номер: US20130082116A1
Автор: Hardouin-Duparc Ludovic, Maillot Rene, Perraud Eric
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The present invention relates to the use of a composition based on thermoplastic resin and on natural fibres, in particular plant fibres, for the manufacture of railway sleepers intended for all means of transport that need to run on rails, in particular trains, trams, and underground trains. The present invention also relates to railway sleepers produced from said composition. 1. In a process for the manufacture of railroad ties , comprising extruding or injection molding a composition , the improvement wherein the composition comprises at least one thermoplastic material and natural fibers.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises 10% to 90% by weight of thermoplastic material claim 1 , relative to the total weight of the composition.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the thermoplastic material is ethylene polymers or copolymers claim 2 , propylene polymers or copolymers claim 2 , butylene polymers or copolymers claim 2 , or polyvinyl chloride.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the natural fibers are plant fibers.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises an equiponderate mixture of thermoplastic material and plant fibers.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the composition is coated with a surface layer comprising a thermoplastic resin claim 1 , a filler claim 1 , TiO claim 1 , an impact additive claim 1 , and optionally a stabilizer.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the composition and the surface layer have been obtained by a coextrusion process.8. A railroad tie comprising a composition as defined in .9. The railroad tie of claim 8 , composed of one or more profiles obtained by a process of extruding the composition.10. The railroad tie of claim 8 , having an upper part with a bearing plate for receiving a rail claim 8 , said bearing plate optionally comprising an insulating pad.11. The railroad tie of claim 8 , having a lower part with a bearing pad.12. The railroad tie of claim 11 , wherein the tie and the pad have ...

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Номер записи: 4
18-04-2013 дата публикации

HIGHLY EFFICIENT LIGNIN-BASED WATER-REDUCING AGENT WITH HIGH DEGREE OF SULFONATION AND HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT, AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20130096285A1
Автор: Lou Hongming, Ouyang Xinping, Pang Yuxia, Qiu Xueqing, Yang Dongjie, Yi Conghua
Принадлежит:

This invention discloses a high-performance lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight and its preparation method. This water reducer exhibits an excellent water-reducing performance, its water-reducing rate of this lignin-based water reducer reaches 25% at a dosage of 0.70 wt %, which is higher than that of the naphthalene-based water reducer and the sulfonated lignin water reducer prepared by oxidation and sulfonation of alkali lignin, and 28-days compressive strength ratio of the concrete with this water reducer to the concrete without this water reducer is up to 150:100. Furthermore, the water reducer of present invention will not be crystallized in winter, and the concrete iron won't be corroded. The water reducer of the present invention makes the concretes having a low bleeding rate, excellent properties of workability, anti-freeze and anti-carbonization. 1. A process for preparing a lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight consists of following steps:(1) adding industrial lignin into water, enabling the concentration of said industrial lignin up to 30˜60% by weight, then adjusting the pH of solution to 9-14, and elevating the temperature of said solution to 50-100° C.;(2) adding dihydroxyketone into said industrial lignin solution, and keeping the reaction for 0.5 hour to 2 hours;(3) adding sulfonating agent into the above solution, and keeping the sulfonation reaction at temperature of 80-100° C. for 1 hour to 5 hours;(4) the lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight being yielded after the temperature being decreased to room temperature.2. The process according to claim 1 , the ratio of said industrial lignin: said dihydroxyketone: said sulfonating agent is 100:20-50:30-200 by weight.3. The process according to claim 1 , said industrial lignin is one or more agents selected from wood pulp alkali lignin claim 1 , bamboo pulp ...

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Номер записи: 5
23-05-2013 дата публикации

FORMALDEHYDE-FREE BINDER COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF MAKING THE BINDERS UNDER CONTROLLED ACIDIC CONDITIONS

Номер: US20130125783A1
Автор: Asrar Jawed, Lester Uranchimeg, Shooshtari Kiarash Alavi
Принадлежит:

Formaldehyde-free binder compositions are described that include an aldehyde or ketone, a reaction product between a polyamine and an organic anhydride, and an acidic compound. The acidic compound may be an organic acid, an acidic catalyst, or both. The acidic compound is supplied in quantities that lower the pH of the binder composition to about 5 or less. The binder compositions may be used in methods of binding fiberglass and the resulting fiberglass products have an improved tensile strength due to the addition of the acidic compound. 1. A formaldehyde-free binder composition comprising:an aldehyde or ketone;a reaction product between a polyamine and an organic anhydride; andan acidic compound that lowers the pH of the binder composition to about 5 or less.2. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises an organic acid.3. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises a polycarboxylic acid.4. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises a dicarboxylic acid.5. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises one or more organic acids chosen from a C-Ccarboxylic acid claim 1 , an aromatic carboxylic acid claim 1 , oxalic acid claim 1 , malonic acid claim 1 , succinic acid claim 1 , glutaric acid claim 1 , adipic acid claim 1 , pimelic acid claim 1 , suberic acid claim 1 , azelaic acid claim 1 , sebacic acid claim 1 , undecanedioic acid claim 1 , dodecanedioic acid claim 1 , maleic acid claim 1 , fumaric acid claim 1 , glutaconic acid claim 1 , traumatic acid claim 1 , itaconic acid claim 1 , muconic acid claim 1 , phthalic acid claim 1 , isophthalic acid claim 1 , and terephthalic acid claim 1 , citric acid claim 1 , isocitric acid claim 1 , aconitic acid claim 1 , propane-1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-tricarboxylic acid claim 1 , trimesic acid claim 1 , mellitic acid claim 1 , and tartaric ...

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Номер записи: 6
23-05-2013 дата публикации

Tackifiers For Composite Articles

Номер: US20130131223A1
Автор: Bouguettaya Mohamed, Fischer Stephen A., Foley Nicholas, Norton John C.
Принадлежит: BASF SE

A composite article comprises a plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and an adhesive system disposed on the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces for bonding the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces. The adhesive system comprises a binder component and a tackifier component. The tackifier component comprises an acrylic or a styrene-butadiene polymer. The tackifier component is useful for maintaining orientation of the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces during manufacture of the composite article. The composite article may be various engineered lignocellulosic composites, such as particleboard. 1. A composite article comprising:a plurality of lignocellulosic pieces; andan adhesive system disposed on said plurality of lignocellulosic pieces for bonding said plurality of lignocellulosic pieces; a binder component, and', 'a tackifier component comprising an acrylic or a styrene-butadiene polymer for maintaining orientation of said plurality of lignocellulosic pieces during manufacture of said composite article., 'wherein said adhesive system comprises'}2. A composite article as set forth in wherein said polymer is a styrene-acrylic polymer.3. A composite article as set forth in wherein said adhesive system is formed from said binder and said tackifier components.4. A composite article as set forth in wherein said polymer comprises;{'sub': 1', '20, 'i) a Cto Calkyl (meth)acrylate,'}ii) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid,iii) a vinyl aromatic group,{'sub': 2', '13, 'iv) a vinyl ester of a Cto Calkyl carboxylic acid ester,'}{'sub': 2', '8, 'v) a Cto Chydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate,'}vi) an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile,vii) an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated amide-group-containing compound,viii) a reactive vinyl cross-linker, orix) combinations thereof.5. A composite article as set forth in wherein said polymer comprises said i) Cto Calkyl (meth)acrylate which is selected from the group of methyl (meth)acrylate claim 4 , ethyl (meth)acrylate claim 4 , propyl (meth) ...

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Номер записи: 7
30-05-2013 дата публикации

CURABLE FIBERGLASS BINDER COMPRISING SALT OF INORGANIC ACID

Номер: US20130133548A1
Автор: Asrar Jawed, Lester Uranchimeg, Shooshtari Kiarash Alavi
Принадлежит:

Formaldehyde-free binder compositions are described that include an aldehyde or ketone, a nitrogen-containing salt of an inorganic acid, and an acidic compound. The acidic compound may be an organic acid, such as maleic acid or citric acid among others. The acidic compound is supplied in quantities that lower the pH of the binder composition to about 5 or less. The binder compositions may be used in methods of binding fiberglass and the resulting fiberglass products have an improved tensile strength due to the addition of the acidic compound. 1. A formaldehyde-free binder composition comprising:an aldehyde or ketone;a nitrogen-containing salt of an inorganic acid; andan acidic compound that lowers the pH of the binder composition to about 5 or less.2. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises an organic acid.3. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises a polycarboxylic acid.4. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises a dicarboxylic acid.5. The formaldehyde-free binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the acidic compound comprises one or more organic acids chosen from a C-Ccarboxylic acid claim 1 , an aromatic carboxylic acid claim 1 , oxalic acid claim 1 , malonic acid claim 1 , succinic acid claim 1 , glutaric acid claim 1 , adipic acid claim 1 , pimelic acid claim 1 , suberic acid claim 1 , azelaic acid claim 1 , sebacic acid claim 1 , undecanedioic acid claim 1 , dodecanedioic acid claim 1 , maleic acid claim 1 , fumaric acid claim 1 , glutaconic acid claim 1 , traumatic acid claim 1 , itaconic acid claim 1 , muconic acid claim 1 , phthalic acid claim 1 , isophthalic acid claim 1 , and terephthalic acid claim 1 , citric acid claim 1 , isocitric acid claim 1 , aconitic acid claim 1 , propane-1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-tricarboxylic acid claim 1 , trimesic acid claim 1 , mellitic acid claim 1 , and tartaric acid.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 8
30-05-2013 дата публикации

MANUFACTURING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL COMPRISING LIGNOCELLULOSIC FIBERS IN A PLASTIC MATRIX

Номер: US20130137798A1
Автор: PICCIN Hugo
Принадлежит: FAURECIA INTERIEUR INDUSTRIE

A manufacturing method includes the steps of providing lignocellulosic fibers, providing a plastic material, and mixing the lignocellulosic fibers and the plastic material to obtain a composite material. The manufacturing method also includes, prior to the mixing step, a step for heat treatment of the lignocellulosic fibers wherein the lignocellulosic fibers are heated. 1. A method for manufacturing a composite material comprising lignocellulosic fibers in a matrix in plastic material , comprising steps for:providing lignocellulosic fibers;providing the plastic material; andmixing the lignocellulosic fibers and the plastic material for obtaining the composite material,the method comprising, prior to the mixing step, a step for heat treatment of the lignocellulosic fibers, wherein the lignocellulosic fibers are heated,characterized in that, in the heat treatment step, the lignocellulosic fibers are heated to a temperature above 160° C.2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , during the heat treatment step claim 1 , the lignocellulosic fibers are heated under an oxygen (O)-deficient controlled atmosphere.3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the heat treatment step claim 1 , the lignocellulosic fibers are heated to a temperature directly proportional to the oxygen deficiency of an enclosure for heating the lignocellulosic fibers.4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic fibers are defibrillated so as to generate fibrils from the lignocellulosic fibers before the heat treatment step.5. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in the heat treatment step claim 1 , the heated lignocellulosic fibers are then cooled actively.6. The manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the step for providing lignocellulosic fibers comprises a step for refining a source of lignocellulosic fibers in order to obtain the lignocellulosic fibers.7. The method ...

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Номер записи: 9
13-06-2013 дата публикации

KENAF REINFORCED RUBBER FOR POWER TRANSMISSION BELTS

Номер: US20130150488A1
Автор: FENG YUDING
Принадлежит: THE GATES CORPORATION

An elastomeric composition and a power transmission belt based on the elastomeric composition, wherein the composition includes kenaf fiber. 1. A power transmission belt comprising an elastomeric belt body , said elastomeric belt body comprising an elastomeric composition comprising kenaf fiber.2. The belt of wherein said kenaf fiber comprises bast fiber.3. The belt of wherein said kenaf fiber is present in the elastomeric composition at a level of 1 to 50 parts per hundred parts of base elastomer.4. The belt of wherein said kenaf fiber is chopped bast fiber with average fiber length of 1 to 3 mm.5. The belt of wherein said composition further comprises a compatibilizer that aids dispersion or adhesion of the kenaf fiber in the base elastomer.6. The belt of wherein the elastomeric composition further comprises a second type of short fiber.7. The belt of wherein the second type of short fiber is aramid fiber. 1. Field of the InventionThis invention relates generally to the field of power transmission belts, more particularly to rubber compositions suitable for belts, and specifically to a rubber composition reinforced with native kenaf fiber for use in belts.2. Description of the Prior ArtCommon power transmission belts include V-belts, flat belts, toothed or synchronous belts and multi-ribbed belts. Common belt construction includes an elastomeric belt body, spiraled or helically wound tension cord or other textile tensile member embedded in the belt body, and often other textile reinforcements embedded in the belt body or covering one or more of the belt surfaces.The elastomeric belt body may include one or more vulcanized rubber composition, or a thermoplastic elastomer, or other elastomeric composition. Elastomer compositions used have included various fibrous reinforcements dispersed therein. Of the many fibers available, relatively few have found commercial success because of various processing and performance needs including excellent adhesion between fiber ...

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Номер записи: 10
13-06-2013 дата публикации

COLD-PRESSED MATS OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL HAVING IMPROVED COLD TACK AND A PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION

Номер: US20130150489A1
Автор: Barksby Nigel, Combs George G., Dormish Jeffrey
Принадлежит:

Cold-pressed mats of lignocellulosic material having a Push Off Test extension equal to at least 85% of that of a mat made with a urea-formaldehyde resin are produced from a lignocellulosic material and binder system. These mats are produced at ambient temperature by separately adding each component of the binder system to the lignocellulosic material, blending the lignocellulosic material and binder system to coat the lignocellulosic material with the binder system, forming the coated lignocellulosic material into the desired form and applying pressure to the formed lignocellulosic material to obtain the desired thickness. The binder system includes: (i) at least one polyfunctional isocyanate and (ii) at least one aqueous dispersion of an adhesive or tackifier. 1. A cold-pressed mat of a lignocellulosic material having a Push Off Test extension equal to at least 85% of that of a mat made with a urea-formaldehyde resin , which is produced at ambient temperature by a process comprising: (i) a polymeric derivative of diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a prepolymer of a polymeric derivative of diphenylmethane diisocyanate having an NCO functionality of from 2.2 to 3.3 and a viscosity of from 25 to 2,000 mPas', 'and', '(ii) at least one aqueous dispersion of a material having adhesive or tackifying characteristics when contacted with lignocellulosic material to the lignocellulosic material;, '(a) separately adding each component of a binder system comprising(b) blending each of the components of the binder system and the lignocellulosic material until the lignocellulosic material is sufficiently coated with the binder system components that the lignocellulosic material can be formed into a mat;(c) forming the coated lignocellulosic material into a mat;and(d) applying sufficient pressure to the mat at ambient temperature to form a mat having a desired thickness.2. The mat of in which the polyfunctional isocyanate is polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate.3. The mat of in ...

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Номер записи: 11
11-07-2013 дата публикации

LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS WITH EXPANDED PLASTICS PARTICLES PRESENT IN NONUNIFORM DISTRIBUTION IN THE CORE

Номер: US20130177757A1
Автор: Finkenauer Michael, Lunkwitz Ralph, Schmidt Michael, Weinkötz Stephan
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The invention is directed to lignocellulosic materials having a core and two outer layers, containing in the core 17-. (canceled)8. A lignocellulosic material having a core and two outer layers , comprising in the coreA) 30% to 98% by weight of lignocellulose particles;{'sup': '3', 'B) 1% to 25% by weight of expanded plastics particles having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 150 kg/m,'}C) 1% to 50% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenoplast resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andD) 0% to 10% by weight of additives,and in the outer layersE) 70% to 99% by weight of lignocellulose particles,F) 1% to 30% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of aminoplast resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andG) 0% to 10% by weight of additives,wherein the lignocellulose particles of the outer layers E comprise at least 25% by weight of lignocellulosic chips and the expanded plastics particles B are present in nonuniform distribution in the core.9. A process for producing the lignocellulosic material according to which comprises mixing components E claim 8 , F and G for the outer layers and components A claim 8 , B claim 8 , C and D for the core claim 8 , wherein a nonuniform mixture of components A and B is produced.10. A process for producing the lignocellulosic material according to which comprises mixing components E claim 8 , F and G for the outer layers and components A claim 8 , B claim 8 , C and D for the core claim 8 , wherein the material for the core is scattered in such a way as to form a nonuniform mixture of components A and B.11. The process according to claim 9 , wherein the nonuniform mixture of components A and B is obtained by scattering different mixtures with different proportions of A to B in succession.12. The process according to claim 9 , wherein the nonuniform mixture of ...

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Номер записи: 12
18-07-2013 дата публикации

LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIALS WITH LIGNOCELLULOSIC FIBERS IN THE OUTER LAYERS AND EXPANDED PLASTICS PARTICLES PRESENT IN THE CORE

Номер: US20130183517A1
Автор: Lopez Javier Portela, Santiago Recaman Gonzalez, Schmidt Michael, Weinkötz Stephan
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to lignocellulosic materials having a core and two outer layers, comprising in the core 1. A lignocellulosic material having a core and two outer layers , comprising in the coreA) 30% to 98% by weight of lignocellulose particles;{'sup': '3', 'B) 1% to 25% by weight of expanded plastics particles having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 150 kg/m,'}C) 1% to 50% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of phenoplast resin, aminoplast resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andD) 0% to 30% by weight of additives and in the outer layersE) 70% to 99% by weight of lignocellulose fibres,F) 1% to 30% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of phenoplast resin, aminoplast resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andG) 0% to 30% by weight of additives, comprising in the coreA) 30% to 98% by weight of lignocellulose particles;{'sup': '3', 'B) 1% to 25% by weight of expanded plastics particles having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 150 kg/m,'}C) 1% to 50% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of phenoplast resin, aminoplast resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andD) 0% to 30% by weight of additives and in the outer layersE) 70% to 99% by weight of lignocellulosic fibers,F) 1% to 30% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of phenoplast resin, aminoplast resin, and organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups, andG) 0% to 30% by weight of additives, wherein the expanded plastics particles B are present in nonuniform distribution in the core or consisting in the core ofA) 30% to 98% by weight of lignocellulose particles;{'sup': '3', 'B) 1% to 25% by weight of expanded plastics particles having a bulk density in the range from 10 to 150 kg/m,'}C) 1% to 50% by weight of one or more binders selected from the group consisting of ...

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Номер записи: 13
08-08-2013 дата публикации

ACTIVE OXYGEN SOURCE

Номер: US20130200304A1
Автор: Åberg Tove, Ezzelarab Mona, Fureby Anna, Larsson Anders
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a solid active oxygen source coated with a composition comprising at least one polymer, wherein the composition on the oxygen source has been subjected to heating. Said oxygen source is chosen from percarbonates and said polymer is a hydrophobic alkyl cellulose, preferably ethyl cellulose. In a further aspect the present invention relates to a process for the production of a coated active oxygen source, wherein said oxygen source is in solid state and is formed into or in the shape of a granule, and wherein the coating is applied onto the oxygen source and subjected to heating by an application-drying process. 1. A solid active oxygen source coated with a composition comprising at least one polymer , characterized in that said oxygen source is chosen from sodium or potassium salts of percarbonates and said polymer is chosen from hydrophobic alkyl cellulose and wherein the composition on the oxygen source has been subjected to heating at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature or at a temperature at least 10° C. above the minimum film formation temperature.2. An oxygen source according to claim 1 , wherein said oxygen source is sodium percarbonate.3. An oxygen source according to claim 1 , wherein said polymer is ethyl cellulose.4. An oxygen source according to claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises a plasticizer.5. An oxygen source according to claim 4 , wherein said plasticizer is chosen from the group consisting of 3-hydroxy-2 claim 4 ,2 claim 4 ,4-trimethyl-pentyl isobutyrate claim 4 , diesters of adipic acid claim 4 , dimethyl phthalate claim 4 , 2-hydroxypropyl ethylhexanoate claim 4 , benzyl benzoate claim 4 , 2-(1-cyclohexenyl)cyclohexanone claim 4 , cyclohexanone claim 4 , isophorone claim 4 , ethylene glycol ether derivatives claim 4 , propylene glycol derivatives claim 4 , butyl glycol claim 4 , propylene glycol butyl ether claim 4 , dipropylene glycol butyl ether and N-methylpyrrolidone ...

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Номер записи: 14
15-08-2013 дата публикации

CELLULOSIC BARRIER COMPOSITION

Номер: US20130209772A1
Автор: HEIJNESSON-HULTÉN Anette Monica, Malmborg Kerstin, SANDSTRÖM John
Принадлежит: AKZO NOBEL CHEMICALS INTERNATIONAL B.V.

A composition is provided comprising a) cellulose fibres having a number average length of from 0.001 to 0.5 mm and a specific surface area of from 1 to 100 m/g and b) an at least partially hydrolysed vinyl acetate polymer. The composition is useful in providing self-supporting films or coating layers for providing barriers to permeable substrates. 1. A composition comprising{'sup': '2', 'a) cellulose fibres having a number average length of from 0.001 to 0.5 mm and a specific surface area of from 1 to 100 m/g; and'}b) an at least partially hydrolysed vinyl acetate polymer,the composition comprising from 55 to 65 wt % of a) and from 35 to 45 wt % of b) based on the dry weight of a) and b) in the composition2. A composition according to claim 1 , further comprising:c) at least one anionic polymer.3. A composition according to claim 2 , further comprising d) nano- or micro particles.4. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising less than 5 wt % of hydrophobic binders based on the dry weight of the composition.5. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein said cellulose fibres having a number average length of from 0.001 to 0.5 mm and a specific surface area of from 1 to 100 m/g comprises microfibrillar cellulose fibres.6. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein said at least partially hydrolyzed vinyl acetate polymer has a hydrolysation degree of at least 90%.7. A composition according to claim 6 , wherein said at least partially hydrolyzed vinyl acetate polymer is a poly vinyl alcohol having a hydrolysation degree of at least 90%.8. A composition according to claim 1 , comprising from 50 to 99.9 wt % water claim 1 , based on the total weight of the composition.10. A method according to claim 9 , wherein the so formed self-supporting film comprises at most 50 wt % water.11. A self-supporting film comprising{'sup': '2', 'a) cellulose fibres having a number average length of from 0.001 to 0.5 mm and a specific surface area of from 1 to 100 m/g; and'}b) an at ...

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Номер записи: 15
15-08-2013 дата публикации

CARBON FIBRE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

Номер: US20130211056A1
Автор: BERLIN Alex
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure provides derivatives of native lignin suitable for production of carbon fibres wherein the derivatives of native lignin have a certain alkoxy content and/or a certain carbon content. The present lignin derivatives can have acceptable spinnability performance characteristics for producing carbon fibres having acceptable tensile strengths and acceptable modulus of elasticity.

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Номер записи: 16
29-08-2013 дата публикации

DEGRADABLE PLASTIC AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20130225731A1
Автор: Yin Zhengfu
Принадлежит: JIANGSU JINHE HI-TECH CO., LTD

A degradable plastic and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The degradable plastic is made by mixing plastic, dry crop straw scraps and additives and extruding the mixture into granules with a double-screw extruder. The weight fraction of the plastic, crop straw scraps and additives is 63-73 wt %, 23-33 wt % and 4-6 wt % based on the total weight of raw material. The obtained granules are even, stable and can be used to manufacture daily necessities such as dishware, containers, stationery and bags having smooth surface, high strength, excellent toughness and comfortable hand feeling. 1. A degradable plastic , wherein comprising degradable plastic , crop straw and plastic additives , the weight fraction of the degradable plastic , crop straw and additives is 63-73 wt % , 23-33 wt % and 4-6 wt % based on the total weight of raw material.2. A degradable plastic according to claim 1 , wherein the degradable plastic is poly lactic acid or poly butylenes succinate.3. A degradable plastic according to claim 2 , wherein the degradable plastic further includes polyhydroxyalkanoates or polycaprolactone.4. A degradable plastic according to claim 1 , wherein the crop straw is any of rice straw claim 1 , wheat straw claim 1 , wheat bran claim 1 , corn cob or corn stalk.5. A degradable plastic according to claim 1 , wherein the plastic additives are any of silane coupling agent claim 1 , aluminate/titanate complexing coupling agent claim 1 , ethylene bis-stearomide or titanium dioxide.6. A crop plastic manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein mix the crop straw scraps of 1.5˜2.0 mm in length after being dried claim 1 , the plastic and the plastic additives claim 1 , extrude the mixture into granules with a double-screw extruder; the weight fraction of the plastic claim 1 , crop straw scraps and additives is 63-73 wt % claim 1 , 23-33 wt % and 4-6 wt % based on the total weight of raw material.7. A degradable plastic according to claim 1 , wherein the crop ...

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Номер записи: 17
12-09-2013 дата публикации

Methods of Manufacturing Formaldehyde-Free Molded Products and Related Parts

Номер: US20130234356A1
Автор: WONG Teck Tin
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a moldable mixture containing large portion of agricultural fibers and small portion of a binding agent and a flow-promoting filler material. The moldable mixture is substantially free of formaldehyde, with low moisture content and high draw ratio. The present invention also provides methods of manufacturing molded products and related parts, based on the claimed moldable mixture. Molded products () and related parts such as runner () and plank () with light weight, high density and more complex profile are manufactured by the claimed methods including steps of providing required materials for a moldable mixture, mixing the provided materials to form a moldable mixture, shaking the moldable mixture in preparing for compression molding and compression molding the moldable mixture to form molded products and related parts. 1. A moldable mixture comprising a binding agent , a flow-promoting filler material and an agricultural fiber , wherein said moldable mixture is in the absence of hardener , impact modifier , co-solvent and de-molding agent.2. The moldable mixture of claim 1 , wherein said binding agent is Diisocyanate-diphenylmethane with an amount not more than 5% by weight to said moldable mixture.3. The moldable mixture of claim 2 , wherein the said binding agent is substantially free of formaldehyde.4. The moldable mixture of claim 1 , wherein said agricultural fiber is at least one agricultural fiber selected from a group consisting of rape straw and rice stalk.5. The moldable mixture of claim 4 , wherein said agricultural fiber is between 85% to 95% by weight to said moldable mixture.6. The moldable mixture of claim 1 , wherein said flow-promoting filler material is wheat flour which is less than 10% by weight to said moldable mixture.7. The moldable mixture of claim 1 , wherein said binding agent is a soy-based binding agent with an amount not more than 5% by weight to said moldable mixture.8. A method of manufacturing a molded ...

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Номер записи: 18
12-09-2013 дата публикации

LIGNIN-BASED CONCRETE ADMIXTURES

Номер: US20130237694A1
Автор: Adam Georgius Abidal
Принадлежит: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LLC

Methods for converting waste streams from the wood pulping industry to high-value concrete admixtures are described. For example, isolated lignin and lingnosulfonate or waste streams containing lignin and lingnosulfonate can be directly converted to the concrete admixtures, or they may be first converted to their methylol derivatives and treated with further reagents to produce the concrete admixtures. 1. A method of preparing a lignosulphonate methylol , the method comprising contacting lignosulphonate with an aldehyde compound to produce the lignosulphonate methylol; cooling the lignosulphonate methylol; and isolating the lignosulphonate methylol.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignosulphonate is in the form of spent pulp liquor claim 1 , sulphonated black liquor claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solid content of the spent pulp liquor or sulphonated black liquor is adjusted to about 50% to about 60% by weight prior to contacting the lignosulphonate with the aldehyde compound.412.-. (canceled)13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignosulphonate methylol is lignosulphonate monomethylol claim 1 , lignosulphonate dimethylol claim 1 , lignosulphonate trimethylol claim 1 , or lignosulphonate oligomethylol.14. The method claim 1 , wherein cooling is to about 0° C. to about 10° C.15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising neutralizing the cooled lignosulphonate methylol with a pre-cooled acid claim 14 , which is at about 0° C. to about 10° C. and is about 5% to about 10% acid by weight.16. (canceled)17. The method of claim 15 , further comprising dissolving the isolated lignosulphonate methylol in at least one alcohol.18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising drying the lignosulphonate methylol.19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising evaporating the alcohol under reduced pressure to produce the lignosulphonate methylol as a solid or semisolid residue.2021.-. (canceled)22. The method of claim 15 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 19
12-09-2013 дата публикации

LIGNIN-BASED SURFACTANTS

Номер: US20130237695A1
Автор: Adam Georgius Abidal
Принадлежит: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LLC

Methods for converting waste streams from the wood pulping industry to high-value surfactants are described. For example, isolated lignin and lignosulfonate or waste streams containing lignin and lignosulfonate can be directly converted to surfactants, or they can be first converted to methylol derivatives and treated with further reagents to produce surfactants. 1. A method of preparing a surfactant , the method comprising contacting methylol groups in a lignin-based material with a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative in the presence of a catalyst to produce the surfactant.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignin-based material is lignin methylol claim 1 , lignosulphonate methylol claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbohydrate is dextrose syrup claim 1 , glucose syrup claim 1 , or sucrose syrup.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbohydrate derivative is a polyhydroxy carboxylic acid claim 1 , a hydroxyl polycarboxylic acid claim 1 , an aminocarboxylic acid claim 1 , a lithium claim 1 , sodium claim 1 , potassium claim 1 , ammonium or calcium salt thereof claim 1 , or other natural carboxylic acid or salt thereof derived by oxidation or fermentation of a carbohydrate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of lignin-based material to carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative is about 2:1 to about 1:2 based on moles of methylol groups in the lignin-based material to moles of the carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of lignin-based material to carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative is about 1:1 based on moles of methylol groups in the lignin-based material to moles of the carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is phosphoric acid or paratoluene sulphonic acid.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the lignin-based material with the carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative occurs with heating by a microwave ...

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Номер записи: 20
26-09-2013 дата публикации

Densified biomass products containing pretreated biomass fibers

Номер: US20130247456A1
Автор: Bruce E. Dale, Bryan Ritchie, Derek Marshall
Принадлежит: Michigan State University MSU

A product is provided comprising at least one densified biomass particulate having a substantially smooth, non-flakey outer surface and containing no added binder, wherein said densified biomass particulate is comprised of a plurality of pretreated lignin-coated plant biomass fibers which contain a trace amount of base from pretreatment of said fibers. Methods for using and making the product are also described.

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Номер записи: 21
26-09-2013 дата публикации

DERIVATIVES OF NATIVE LIGNIN

Номер: US20130253075A1
Автор: BALAKSHIN Mikhail Yurevich, BERLIN Alex, DELLICOLLI Humbert Thomas, GRUNERT Chadrick Adam Nathaniel Jordan, Gutman Vera Maximenko, ORTIZ Darwin, PYE Edward Kendall
Принадлежит: LIGNOL INNOVATIONS LTD.

The present invention provides derivatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content. Surprisingly, it has been found that consistent and predictable antioxidant activity may be provided by selecting for derivatives of native lignin having a certain aliphatic hydroxyl content. 1. A lignin derivative recovered from a pulping process of a lignocellulosic biomass , wherein said lignin derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of from 0.001 mmol/g to 2.35 mmol/g.2. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of about 2.25 mmol/g or less.3. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of about 1.75 mmol/g or less.4. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has an aliphatic hydroxyl content of about 0.1 mmol/g or greater.5. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the derivative has a normalized RSI of 15 or greater.6. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is derived from softwood biomass.7. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is derived from annual fibre biomass.8. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the lignin is derived from hardwood biomass.9. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the pulping process is selected from the group consisting of: steam explosion claim 1 , dilute acid hydrolysis claim 1 , ammonia fiber expansion claim 1 , autohydrolysis claim 1 , kraft and modifications thereof claim 1 , soda pulping and modifications thereof claim 1 , sulphite pulping claim 1 , and organosolv processes.10. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the pulping process is a kraft process or a modification thereof.11. The lignin derivative according to claim 1 , wherein the pulping process is an organosolv process.12. A composition comprising the lignin derivative according to and a polymer-forming component ...

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Номер записи: 22
24-10-2013 дата публикации

Process for Making Composite Polymer

Номер: US20130276670A1
Автор: Cernohous Jason M., Granlund Neil R.
Принадлежит:

In the process of forming a wood pulp fiber and thermoplastic polymer composition the step of adding mineral oil to the composition during mixing. 1. A method of making a composition comprisingproviding materials comprising wood pulp fibers in the form of particles, thermoplastic polymer and mineral oil to a mixing device,wherein for every 100 weight percent of material provide to the mixer the pulp fibers are 65 to 90 weight percent of the material and the mineral oil is 0.1 to 5 weight percent of the material,mixing the fiber, the polymer and the mineral oil in the mixing device to form a fiber/polymer blend in which the fibers are dispersed within the polymer,thereafter forming the fiber/polymer blend into pellets.2. The method of wherein the wood pulp fibers are bleached chemical wood pulp fibers.3. The method of wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of biopolymers claim 1 , polylactic acid claim 1 , cellulose acetate claim 1 , cellulose propionate claim 1 , cellulose butyrate; polycarbonates claim 1 , polyethylene terephthalate claim 1 , polyolefins claim 1 , polyethylene claim 1 , high density polyethylene claim 1 , low density polyethylene claim 1 , linear low density polyethylene claim 1 , polypropylene claim 1 , polystyrene claim 1 , polystyrene copolymers claim 1 , acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer claim 1 , styrene block copolymers claim 1 , polyvinyl chloride claim 1 , and recycled plastics.4. The method of wherein the mixing device has two intermeshing rotors claim 1 ,5. A method of whereinthe step of forming the blend into pellets comprisesfurther mixing the fiber/polymer material in a second mixing device.wherein the second mixing device uses split flow to disperse the fibers in the polymer, andthereafter form the blend into pellets.6. The method of wherein the wood pulp fibers are bleached chemical wood pulp fibers.7. The method of wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of ...

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Номер записи: 23
07-11-2013 дата публикации

COMPOSITE

Номер: US20130291763A1
Автор: Mayes Duncan, Myyryläinen Matti, Pynnönen Janne, Silen Jouko
Принадлежит: STORA ENSO WOOD PRODUCTS OY LTD

The invention concerns an extruded composite containing wood fibre material and polymer. The wood fibre material is wood material where the knot or branch content is at least 10 w-%, or bark, or would material into which extract material obtained by extracting knots, branches or bark has been absorbed. The amount of the polymer is 5-25% from the weight of the composite. The composite has high hardness, and reduced moisture absorption and swelling properties. It can be used as constructional material. 16.-. (canceled)7. A composite comprising:an extruded material comprising a wood fibre material and a polymer, wherein the wood fibre material is wood material where the knot or branch content is at least 10 w-%, or bark, or wood material into which extract material obtained by extracting knots, branches or bark has been absorbed, and the amount of the polymer is 5-25% from the weight of the composite.8. The composite of claim 7 , wherein the wood fibre material is a heartwood material having a knot or a branch content of at least 20 w-% claim 7 , or birch bark.9. The composite of claim 8 , wherein the heartwood material is a pine material.10. The composite of claim 9 , wherein the polymer is polyalkylene or biopolymer.11. The composite of claim 8 , wherein the polymer is polyalkylene or biopolymer.12. The composite of claim 7 , wherein the wood fibre material is a heartwood material comprising a pine material.13. The composite of claim 12 , wherein the polymer is polyalkylene or biopolymer.14. The composite of claim 7 , wherein the polymer is polyalkylene or biopolymer.15. The composite of claim 7 , wherein the composite is used in a manufactured material chosen from a construction material claim 7 , a decorative material claim 7 , a packaging material claim 7 , a transport material or a furniture material.16. A method for the preparation of a composite claim 7 , the method comprising:mixing a wood fibre material and a polymer; andextruding the wood fibre material and ...

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Номер записи: 24
14-11-2013 дата публикации

WOOD/POLYMER COMPOSITE WITH IMPROVED THERMAL STABILITY

Номер: US20130303664A1
Автор: Charrier Fatima, La Bounia Nour-Eddine, Malet Frederic, Marin Gérard, Sliwa Fabien
Принадлежит:

A composite including a thermoplastic elastomer and a plant flour. This composite has an increased thermal stability and can be used in a construction material. 1. A composite comprising:a thermoplastic elastomer, wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is chosen from the group comprising copolyether-block-amides, copolyether-block-urethanes and copolyether-block-esters; anda plant flour.2. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plant flour originates from a plant chosen from the group comprising maritime pine claim 1 , spruce wood claim 1 , beech wood and corn cob.3. (canceled)4. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic elastomer is a copolyether-block-amide comprising from 20% to 60% by weight of polyamide and from 40% to 80% by weight of polyether.5. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the copolyether-block amide comprises a soft polytetramethylene ether glycol block.6. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the polyamide is polyamide 11.7. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plant flour represents less than 10% of the weight of the composite.8. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the plant flour represents from 10% to 80% of the weight of the composite.9. The composite as claimed in claim 1 , containing less than 5% of coupling agent.10. A granule comprising a composite as claimed in .11. A construction material comprising a composite as claimed in .12. A shoe comprising a composite as claimed in .13. A piece of furniture comprising a composite as claimed in .14. A passenger compartment comprising a composite as claimed in .15. A process for manufacturing a composite as claimed in claim 1 , comprising the steps of:a) introducing the thermoplastic elastomer and the plant flour into an extruder,b) extruding the mixture in the form of granules or profile.16. The process as claimed in claim 15 , comprising claim 15 , before step a) claim 15 , a step of preparing a mixture of the thermoplastic ...

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Номер записи: 25
05-12-2013 дата публикации

BIO-DERIVED POLYESTER FOR USE IN COMPOSITE PANELS, COMPOSITE ARTICLES AND METHODS OF PRODUCING SUCH ARTICLES

Номер: US20130324644A1
Автор: Batchelor Louise
Принадлежит:

A synthetic article comprising at least one polyester resin adhesive and at least one lignin-based material and a method of preparing a synthetic article comprising mixing at least one polyester resin adhesive and at least one lignin-based material to obtain a blended material and forming a synthetic article from the blended material. 1. A composite material comprising at least one polyester resin adhesive and at least one lignin-based material , wherein the polyester resin adhesive comprises a polyester polymer having at least one repeating unit formed from a diol component and a dicarboxylic acid component and wherein the diol component is 1 ,3 propanediol.2. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid component is succinic acid.3. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the dicarboxylic acid component is terephthalic acid.4. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein at least one repeating unit of the polyester polymer is formed from a diol component selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol and 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol.5. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the polyester polymer is a copolymer comprising at least one repeating unit comprising succinic acid as the dicarboxylic acid component and at least one repeating unit comprising terephthalic acid as the dicarboxylic acid component.6. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein at least one repeating unit of the polyester polymer comprises a component produced from a biomass-resource.7. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the polyester polymer consists essentially of components produced from a biomass-resource.8. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the lignin-based material comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a natural fiber claim 1 , a powdered lignin claim 1 , and a combination of natural fiber and powdered lignin.9. The composite material of claim 1 , wherein the polyester resin adhesive comprises less than about 25 wt % ...

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Номер записи: 26
19-12-2013 дата публикации

CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF LIGNIN AND LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

Номер: US20130338347A1
Автор: Cao Nhiem, Glasser Wolfgang G., Oden Kevin
Принадлежит: CYCLEWOOD SOLUTIONS, INC.

In one example implementation, a trans-esterified HPL can include a HPL and a polyester including polyester chains. The polyester may be an aliphatic polyester, a semi-aromatic polyester, or an aromatic polyester. 1. A trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL) comprising:a HPL; anda polyester including polyester chains.2. The trans-esterified HPL of claim 1 , wherein the polyester may be an aliphatic polyester claim 1 , a semi-aromatic polyester claim 1 , or an aromatic polyester.3. The trans-esterified HPL of claim 1 , wherein an acetate ester of the APL is used to swap carboxylic acid groups with alcohol oligomer units in the polyester chains.4. The trans-esterified HPL of claim 1 , wherein polyester oligomer units are covalently-bonded to the HPL while one or more of the polyester chains are shortened and terminated with acetate esters.5. The trans-esterified HPL of claim 1 , wherein the trans-esterified HPL is represented by a formula R′COOR in which R′ represents the HPL and R represents the polyester.6. The trans-esterified HPL of claim 1 , wherein transesterification occurs with a replacement of one alcohol group in an ester by another different alcohol group.7. A trans-esterified hydroxypropyl lignin (HPL) blend comprising:a HPL;a polyester including polyester chains; andone or more additives.8. The trans-esterified HPL blend of claim 7 , wherein the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of catalysts claim 7 , compatibilizers claim 7 , odor neutralizers claim 7 , fragrances claim 7 , and process aids.9. The trans-esterified HPL blend of claim 7 , further comprising:a plasticizer.10. The trans-esterified HPL blend of claim 9 , wherein the plasticizer reduces a glass transition temperature of the trans-esterified HPL.11. The trans-esterified HPL blend of claim 7 , wherein the trans-esterified HPL blend comprises by weight:the HPL in the range of 1% to 99%;the polyester in the range of 1% to 99%; andthe one or more additives in the ...

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Номер записи: 27
09-01-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MODIFYING LIGNIN STRUCTURE USING MONOLIGNOL FERULATE CONJUGATES

Номер: US20140011984A1
Автор: Grabber John H., Hatfield Ronald D., Lu Fachuang, Ralph John
Принадлежит: WISCONSIN ALUMNI RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Described is an isolated lignified plant cell wall including lignin, wherein the lignin includes a ferulate residue incorporated therein, such as from coniferyl ferulate and/or sinapyl ferulate. Also described is a method to make the isolated lignified plant cell wall, and the lignin produced by the method. 1. An isolated lignified plant cell wall comprising lignin , wherein the lignin includes a ferulate residue incorporated therein.2. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 1 , wherein the ferulate residue is selected from a monomer conjugate group consisting of coniferyl ferulate and sinapyl ferulate.3. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 1 , derived from maize.4. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 1 , derived from a tree.5. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 4 , derived from a tree of the family Myrtaceae claim 4 , Salicaceae claim 4 , or a hybrid thereof.6Salix, Eucalyptus, Corymbia,Angophora,. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 5 , derived from a tree of a genus selected from the group consisting of and or a hybrid thereof7. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of claim 1 , derived from a eucalyptus tree claim 1 , a poplar tree claim 1 , a willow tree claim 1 , or a hybrid thereof.87. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of any one of - claims 1 , wherein the ferulate residue is derived from coniferyl ferulate.97. The isolated lignified plant cell wall of any one of - claims 1 , wherein the ferulate residue is derived from sinapyl ferulate.1020-. (canceled) This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/830,905 filed Jul. 6, 2010, which claims priority under 35 USC §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/213,706 filed Jul. 6, 2009, the entireties of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.All of the documents cited herein are incorporated herein by reference.Lignin is a highly complex, heterogeneous polymer found in all vascular plants. It rigidifies ...

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Номер записи: 28
23-01-2014 дата публикации

CELLULOSIC INCLUSION THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITION AND MOLDING THEREOF

Номер: US20140024746A1
Автор: Hopkins Andrew, Joyce Robert C., Karian Harutun George
Принадлежит:

A cellulosic inclusion-thermoplastic composition that includes cellulosic inclusions and a thermoplastic polyolefin that forms a matrix in which the cellulosic inclusions are dispersed. A maleated polymer and a polar thermoplastic polymer resin of a polyamide or polyester are provided to improve adhesion between the cellulosic inclusions and the thermoplastic polyolefin. The polar thermoplastic polymer resin is characterized by a melting temperature greater than that of the thermoplastic polyolefin. The composition as provided has increased break tensile strength relative to a composition devoid of the polar thermoplastic polymer resin but otherwise is unchanged. The break tensile is measured at 23° Celsius and at an elongation rate of 50 millimeters per minute. 1. A cellulosic inclusion-thermoplastic composition comprising:a plurality of cellulosic inclusions;a thermoplastic polyolefin having a thermoplastic polyolefin melting temperature and forming a matrix in which said plurality of cellulosic inclusions are dispersed, the thermoplastic polyolefin being selected from the group consisting of: polyethylene, polypropylene, a copolymer of propylene and ethylene, and a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene;a maleated polymer present at a maleated polymer total weight percent; anda polar thermoplastic polymer resin of a polyamide or a polyester, said polar thermoplastic resin having a resin melting temperature and present at polar polymer total weight percent, said maleated polymer and said polar thermoplastic resin being dispersed and interacting synergistically to promote adhesion between said plurality of cellulosic inclusions such that the composition has an increased break tensile strength as measured at 23° Celsius and at an cross-head speed of 50 millimeters per minute relative to a composition devoid of said resin, wherein the maleated polymer total weight percent is present between 2 to 4 total weight percent and the polar polymer total weight percent is ...

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Номер записи: 29
06-02-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIGNIN DERIVATIVES

Номер: US20140038246A1
Автор: Ertl Ortwin, Fackler Karin, Messner Kurt, Srebotnik Ewald, Ters Thomas
Принадлежит: ANNIKKI GMBH

A method for producing lignin derivatives from technical lignins by treatment with proteolytic enzymes (proteases), characterized in that the proteolytic treatment of the technical lignins significantly reduces the molar mass thereof. 1. A method for the preparation of lignin derivatives from technical lignin or from a fraction obtained from technical lignin with a protease enzyme or with a mixture of different protease enzymes , characterized in that the molar mass of the technical lignin or of the fractions obtained from technical lignin is significantly reduced by treatment with the protease enzyme or the mixture of the different protease enzymes , respectively.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the technical lignin is obtained from lignocellulosic material claim 1 , in particular straw claim 1 , bagasse claim 1 , energy crops claim 1 , in particular elephant grass claim 1 , switch grass and/or glumes claim 1 , in particular lemmas.3. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the technical lignin is lignin obtained by way of pulping lignocellulose.4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the technical lignin is obtained from lignocellulosic material claim 1 , in particular wood claim 1 , wood fibres claim 1 , wood shavings and/or wood chips.54. The method according to any of - claims 1 , characterized in that the technical lignin obtained from lignocellulosic material is a lignosulfonate claims 1 , kraft lignin claims 1 , alkaline lignin and/or organosolv lignin.64. The method according to any of - claims 1 , characterized in that higher-molecular lignin fractions are used claims 1 , which have a protein percentage that is above average.7. The method according to any of to claims 1 , characterized in that the peptides and/or amino acids developing upon the treatment with protease enzymes are separated from the lignin claims 1 , in particular by means of membrane filtration and/or precipitation and/or ...

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Номер записи: 30
06-02-2014 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising Lignin

Номер: US20140039144A1
Автор: Kadam Kiran L., KILAMBI Srinivas, Simard Michel Adam
Принадлежит: RENMATIX, INC.

Compositions comprising lignin and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed. 1. A phenolic resin:wherein at least a portion of said phenolic resin is produced by a reaction with a phenol substitute; lignin; and', 'less than about 2000 mg in total per kg of said lignin of elements;', 'wherein said elements are Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti, TI, V, and Zn., 'wherein said phenol substitute comprises2. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin has an average particle size less than about 500 microns.3. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin has a bulk density of less than about 0.35 g/cc.4. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute is substantially free of organic solvent.5. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 700 mg of calcium per kg of said lignin.6. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 525 mg of iron per kg of said lignin.7. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 150 mg of sulfur per kg of said lignin.8. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 20 g of ash per kg of said lignin.9. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 2000 mg of nitrogen per kg of said lignin.10. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute has a weight ratio of the total mass of hydrogen and nitrogen to carbon of less than about 0.110.11. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin is present in said phenol substitute at a level of at least 30% by weight, based on the total weight of said phenol substitute, as measured by pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry.12. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin is present in said phenol ...

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Номер записи: 31
06-02-2014 дата публикации

WATER BASED LIGNIN EPOXY RESINS, METHODS OF USING AND MAKING THE SAME

Номер: US20140039146A1
Автор: Adam Georgius Abidal
Принадлежит: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LLC

Water based lignoepoxy resins, and methods for their preparation and use are provided. Methods of making lignoepoxy resins without the use of volatile organic compounds are also provided. 1. A method of making a lignomethylol or a lignosulphonate methylol , the method comprising contacting a lignin or a lignosulphonate with formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde or glyoxal under conditions sufficient to produce the lignomethylol or the lignosulphonate methylol.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising epoxidizing the lignomethylol or the lignosulphonate methylol under basic pH conditions to produce a lignomethylol epoxy or a lignosulphonate methylol epoxy.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the lignomethylol or the lignosulphonate methylol with ammonia or an amino compound to produce aminolignin derivatives.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the amino compound is a monoethanolamine claim 4 , a monoalkylamine claim 4 , dialkylamine claim 4 , trialkyl amine claim 4 , ethylene diamine claim 4 , diethylenetriamine claim 4 , tetraethylene pentamine claim 4 , monoethanol amine claim 4 , diethanolamine claim 4 , triethanolamine claim 4 , isophorone diamine claim 4 , hydroxylamine claim 4 , or hydrazine.7. The method of claim 4 , further comprising drying the water soluble aminolignin.8. The method of claim 4 , further comprising contacting the amino lignin with anethanolamine claim 4 , a hydroxycarboxylic acid salt claim 4 , a polyhydroxycarboxylic acid claim 4 , an isocyanate terminated polyalkylene oxide claim 4 , an epichlorohydrine claim 4 , a hydroxycarboxylic acid salt claim 4 , or a polyhydroxylic acid salt to produce a surfactant.9. The method of claim 4 , further comprising contacting the aminolignin with epichlorohydrine at a temperature of about 0-10° C. to produce a ligno aminoepoxy resin.11. The method of claim 9 , further comprising contacting the ligno amino resin with phosgene claim 9 , carbon monoxide claim 9 , or carbon dioxide to ...

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Номер записи: 32
13-02-2014 дата публикации

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS AND ORGANIC SOLVENT

Номер: US20140046041A1
Автор: BALAKSHIN Mikhail Yurevich, CAPANEMA Ewellyn, SOUTH Colin Robert
Принадлежит: LIGNOL INNOVATIONS LTD.

The present disclosure relates, at least in part, to compositions comprising lignocellulosic biomass and an organic solvent wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 35% or greater of lignin material. The present disclosure relates, at least in part, to compositions comprising lignocellulosic biomass and an organic solvent wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 50% or less of carbohydrate. In certain embodiments the present compositions may have a viscosity of 5000 cps or less. 1. A composition comprising a lignocellulosic biomass and an organic solvent wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 35% or greater of lignin material.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises 50% or less of carbohydrate.3. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises about 5% or greater of recalcitrant cellulose4. (canceled)5. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a viscosity of 5000 cps or less.6. (canceled)7. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition has a viscosity of 1500 cps or less.8. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of solvent to lignocellulosic biomass is from about 10:1 to about 3:1.9. (canceled)10. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the pH of the composition is from about 1 to about 3.11. (canceled)12. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises from about 1.5% to about 2.5% (based on dry weight of the lignocellulosic biomass) of an acid.13. (canceled)14. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises softwood feedstock.15. (canceled)16. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is selected from ethanol claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , propanol claim 1 , or a combination thereof.17. (canceled)18. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent a ethanol/water mixture and comprises about 40% ...

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Номер записи: 33
27-02-2014 дата публикации

Method of Recovering Chemicals

Номер: US20140054506A1
Автор: MELIN Kristian, Parviainen Kari
Принадлежит: AALTO UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION

A method of treating waste liquors which comprise organic compounds, in order to recover chemical compounds or to recycle chemicals. In the present method, the sodium-based waste liquor, which comprises organic compounds that are sourced from lignocellulose, is subjected to partial wet oxidation, in order to produce organic sodium salts, in which case the partial wet oxidation is carried out in conditions where at least part of the lignin is simultaneously precipitated. The precipitated filtrate or lignin is subjected to further processing. Most suitably, the organic sodium salts, such as Na acetate, which are generated in the partial oxidation of the waste liquor, are also subjected to further processing, in which case it is possible, from the lignin and the organic sodium salts, to efficiently produce compounds which as such are already of sufficient quality as chemicals, or which as gases are suitable for further processing, for instance for production of fuels. 2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that alkaline Na-based waste liquor from a biorefinery is subjected to partial wet oxidation.3. The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that waste liquor is generated from alkali dissolution of wood chips claim 2 , or/and from alkalised hydrolysate of wood chips claim 2 , or/and from dissolving of lignin-bearing pulp claim 2 , or/and from alkalised hydrolysate of residual pulp.4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that alkaline Na-based black liquor or waste liquor from a pulp mill is subjected to partial wet oxidation.5. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , after the partial wet oxidation and possible additional vaporisation claim 1 , bicarbonate claim 1 , carbonate or sulphate salts are precipitated.6. A method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the partial wet oxidised black liquor is led to separation claim 1 , where lignin claim 1 , bicarbonate and/or silicate compounds are ...

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Номер записи: 34
03-04-2014 дата публикации

Manufacture and use of a composite material comprising fibres and at least one vinyl chloride polymer

Номер: US20140094543A1
Автор: BLOYAERT Claudine, Martinz Daniel, Van Loock Francois
Принадлежит: SOLVAY SA

Process for manufacturing a composite material comprising fibres and at least one vinyl chloride polymer comprising the immersion of the fibres in a hydrosol of said polymer in order to obtain fibres coated with said hydrosol followed by the drying and gelling of said hydrosol coated on the fibres. Composite material and use thereof for forming articles or for manufacturing reinforcing objects. Profiles reinforced by this composite material. 1. A process for manufacturing a composite material comprising fibres and at least one vinyl chloride polymer comprising the immersion of the fibres in a hydrosol of said polymer in order to obtain fibres coated with said hydrosol followed by the drying and gelling of said hydrosol coated on the fibres.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are an assembly of elementary fibres selected from the group consisting of woven fabrics claim 1 , nonwoven fabrics and rovings.3. The process according to wherein the fibres are fibres resulting from products of plant origin selected from the group consisting of hemp and flax.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are mineral fibres selected from the group consisting of glass fibres and basalt fibres.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are rovings of flax fibres claim 1 , rovings of glass fibres or rovings of basalt fibres.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the vinyl chloride polymer is a homopolymer.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrosol of the vinyl chloride polymer is obtained by radical polymerization in aqueous emulsion.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fibres are submerged in a bath of hydrosol having dimensions suitable for ensuring their complete immersion claim 1 , resulting in their coating by the hydrosol.9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrosol is dried by application of hot air.10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrosol is gelled by ...

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Номер записи: 35
01-01-2015 дата публикации

Printing Ink or Overprint Varnish with Renewable Binder Component

Номер: US20150000559A1
Автор: Magrez Murielle, Mohapatra Neelakamal, Noirot Pierre-Antoine
Принадлежит: Siegwerk Druckfarben AG & Co. KGaA

The present invention is related to a printing ink, in particular flexographic printing ink, or an overprint varnish, comprising a nitrated lignin as at least one binder component, to a process for preparing the same as well as to the use of a nitrated lignin as a binder component in a printing ink, in particular a flexographic printing ink, or an overprint varnish. 115-. (canceled)16. Printing ink , comprising a nitrated lignin as at least one binder component.17. Printing ink according to claim 16 , wherein the nitrated lignin is obtained by nitration of alkaline lignin with nitric acid at a temperature not exceeding 28° C. in the presence of a solvent which is immiscible with water and inert to nitric acid.18. Printing ink according to claim 17 , wherein the alkaline lignin is obtained by subjecting lignin to a chemo-thermomechanical treatment involving mechanical shear at a maximum temperature of about 100-220° C. and a pressure of about 0 claim 17 ,5 to 10 atmospheres in the presence of an additive which lowers the softening point of the lignin.19. Printing ink according to claim 16 , wherein the ink comprises at least one additional binder selected from the group consisting of polyurethane resins claim 16 , ketonic resins or polyamide resins.20. Printing ink according to claim 16 , wherein the ink additionally comprises a colorant.21. Printing ink according to claim 16 , wherein the ink additionally comprises a solvent and optionally additives.22. Overprint varnish claim 16 , comprising a nitrated lignin as at least one binder component.23. Overprint varnish according to claim 22 , wherein the nitrated lignin is obtained by nitration of alkaline lignin with nitric acid at a temperature not exceeding 28° C. in the presence of a solvent which is immiscible with water and inert to nitric acid.24. Overprint varnish according to claim 23 , wherein the alkaline lignin is obtained by subjecting lignin to a chemo-thermomechanical treatment involving mechanical shear ...

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Номер записи: 36
05-01-2017 дата публикации

FIBER BASED PRODUCT

Номер: US20170001329A1
Автор: Pietarinen Suvi, Ringena Okko, Valkonen Sanna
Принадлежит: UPM-KYMMENE CORPORATION

The invention relates to a method for producing a fiber based product, wherein the method comprises the steps of: a) applying a binder composition over a surface at least one fiber based substrate; b) determining the distribution of the applied binder composition over the en-tire at least one surface of the at least one fiber based substrate; and c) based on the determination in step b) either accepting the treated at least one fiber based substrate for the production of the fiber based product or rejecting the treated at least one fiber based substrate from the production of the fiber based product. The invention further relates to a method for producing a binder composition, to a binder composition and to a fiber based product. 1. A method for producing a fiber based product , the method comprising:a) applying a binder composition over at least one surface of at least one fiber based substrate, the binder composition prepared by using at least a polymerizable substance, a crosslinking agent, and a colorant, wherein the colorant is used in an amount such that the difference between a color of the binder composition and a color of a corresponding binder composition prepared without the use of the colorant, as measured on a Gardner scale, is at least 3 units;b) calculating the distribution of the applied binder composition over the entire at least one surface of the at least one fiber based substrate; and{'sub': s', 't', 's', 's', 't, 'c) accepting the treated at least one fiber based substrate for the production of the fiber based product when contrast value is 50% or less, or rejecting the treated at least one fiber based substrate from the production of the fiber based product when the contrast value is greater than 50%, wherein the contrast value is defined as (D−D)/D*100%, wherein Dis a reflection density of the binder composition, and Dis a reflection density of the surface of the at least one fiber based substrate having the binder composition applied thereon, ...

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Номер записи: 37
07-01-2016 дата публикации

COATING COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF USE

Номер: US20160002473A1
Автор: Yildirim Yetkin
Принадлежит:

Coating compositions and methods of use are described herein. The coating composition may contain water one or more acrylic compounds. Wherein application of the coating composition as a prime coat to a pavement structure or other permeable structures enhances the physical properties of the pavement structure or other structures as compared to conventional prime coat application or other conventional coatings. 1. A coating composition for prime coat applications , comprising:one or more acrylic polymers; andwater, wherein application of the coating composition as a prime coat to a pavement structure enhances the physical properties of the pavement structure as compared to conventional prime coat application.2. The coating composition of claim 1 , further comprising carbonaceous compounds.3. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acrylic compounds comprises a vinyl moiety.4. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acrylic compounds comprises a vinyl acrylic latex.5. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the acrylic compounds comprises a styrene moiety.6. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein a solids content of the coating composition ranges from about 50% to about 60%.7. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the vinyl acrylic materials has a pH ranging about 4.0 to about 6.0.8. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the physical properties comprises dry strength.9. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the physical properties comprises wet strength.10. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the physical properties comprises permeability.11. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the physical properties comprises penetration depth.12. The coating composition of claim 1 , wherein composition dries in less than 100 hours.13. The coating composition of claim 1 , where at least one ...

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Номер записи: 38
12-01-2017 дата публикации

Methods For Inhibiting The Deposition Of Organic Contaminates In Pulp And Papermaking Systems

Номер: US20170009100A1
Автор: Kyle J. Bottorff, Tien-Feng Ling, Zhaoqing Liu
Принадлежит: Solenis Technologies LP Switzerland, Solenis Technologies LP USA

The current method relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants in pulp and papermaking systems. The current method also relates to controlling the deposition of organic contaminants on equipment in the pulp and papermaking systems, which can cause both quality and efficiency problems. In particular it relates to the use of non-sulfonated or slightly sulfonated lignin dispersions and solutions for inhibiting deposition of contaminants in pulp and paper making system.

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Номер записи: 39
08-01-2015 дата публикации

TAILORABLE LIGNOSULFONATE CARBONATE ADHESIVES

Номер: US20150011737A1
Автор: Brizius Glen Leon, Montgomery Phillip Kent
Принадлежит:

A two component adhesive system is described. The first component of the system is made from a sulfonated lignin having at least one amine group containing side arm and at least one hydroxyl group containing side arm. The second component of the system is made from a sulfonated lignin having at least one chloroformate group containing side arm. 154-. (canceled)55. A composition comprising: a sulfonated lignin having a first side arm comprising an amine group , and a second side arm comprising a hydroxyl group.56. The composition of claim 55 , wherein the first side arm comprises a reduced amino acid.57. The composition of claim 55 , wherein the first side arm comprises reduced lysine.58. The composition of claim 55 , wherein the second side arm comprises a poly(ethylene glycol).59. The composition of claim 58 , wherein the poly(ethylene glycol) has a chain length of about 2 to about 24.60. The composition of claim 55 , wherein the ratio of number of amine groups to number of sulfonate groups in the first component is about 1:2 to about 1:1000.61. The composition of claim 55 , further comprising at least one preservative.62. The composition of claim 61 , wherein the preservative is sodium benzoate.63. The composition of claim 62 , wherein the amount of sodium benzoate is about 0.05% to about 10% (by weight).64. A method of making a composition comprising a sulfonated lignin having a first side arm comprising an amine group claim 62 , and a second side arm comprising a hydroxyl group claim 62 , the method comprising: contacting the sulfonated lignin with a first compound having an amine group and a second compound having a hydroxyl group under conditions that allow for coupling of the first compound and the second compound to the sulfonated lignin.65. The method of claim 64 , wherein the contacting step comprises contacting the sulfonated lignin with a reduced amino acid.66. The method of claim 64 , wherein the contacting step comprises contacting the sulfonated ...

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Номер записи: 40
14-01-2021 дата публикации

A LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS BASED PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF LIGNINS AND SYNGAS, AND ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION EFFICIENT SYNGAS

Номер: US20210009908A1
Автор: DELMAS Michel
Принадлежит:

A process for production of lignins and synthetic gas including the steps of extracting lignins and hemicellulose by putting solid Lignocellulosic Raw Material in contact with a mixture of water and formic acid at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature between 80° C. and 110° C.; fractionating, the primary solid fraction and the primary liquid fraction; separating the lignins from the intermediate liquid fraction; and gasifying at least part of said primary solid fraction and/or at least part of said residual liquid fraction for producing synthetic gas. 1. A lignocellulosic biomass based process for production of:non-oxidized, non-degraded and uncombined lignins with a controlled aliphatic hydroxyl content and controlled phenolic hydroxyl content; andsynthetic gassaid process comprising the following steps:a) extracting lignins and hemicellulose by putting at least one solid lignocellulosic raw material in a presence of a mixture, composed of at least water and formic acid, at atmospheric pressure under controlled conditions of temperature between 80° C. and 110° C., with a dilution ratio of said at least one solid lignocellulosic raw material/liquid mixture comprised between 1 and 15, and for a determined period of time, depending on a nature of the at least one lignocellulosic raw material;b) fractionating, at atmospheric pressure, a primary solid fraction and a primary liquid fraction obtained at an end of the preceding extracting step a);c) recovering by evaporation-condensation of all or part of organic acids contained in said primary liquid fraction and obtaining an intermediate liquid fraction;d) separating the lignins from said intermediate liquid fraction and obtaining a residual liquid fraction.e) gasifying at least one of at least part of said primary solid fraction or at least part of said residual liquid fraction for producing synthetic gas.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said gasifying step e) consists in gasifying at least part of ...

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Номер записи: 41
09-01-2020 дата публикации

Epoxy tannin reaction product compositions

Номер: US20200010664A1
Автор: Jeffrey Paul Youngblood, John A. Howarter, Matthew N. Korey
Принадлежит: PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION

The present application generally relates to epoxy/tannin reaction product compositions, and methods of making and using the epoxy tannin reaction product compositions. The epoxy/tannin reaction product compositions are hardened thermosetting polymeric materials, are substantially homogeneous and substantially free of visible clumps, and have a glass transition temperature of at least 140° C.

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Номер записи: 42
03-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PRODUCTS BY USING LIGNOCELLULOSE-CONTAINING PARTICLES

Номер: US20220033656A1
Автор: Schwarz Wolfgang, THOLE Volker, ZAHER Max
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a method and devices for producing products () by using cellulose-containing particles, with which the following steps are carried out: a) irradiating the particles with electrons in the energy range >1 MeV: b) mixing the irradiated particles with electron-beam-reactive powder of a synthetic polymer, in particular a thermoplastic, having powder particle sizes <2000 micrometres and/or with a liquid electron-beam-reactive synthetic or bio-based polymer; c) forming the mixture created in a way corresponding to the form of the product to be produced, in particular forming it into a nonwoven (): d) heating the formed mixture to 100-180° C.; e) pressing the formed mixture without heating; and f) irradiating the pressed mixture with electrons in the energy range of 1 MeV to 10 Me V and also with appropriately chosen dosages and dosing rates. 1. Method for producing a formed part containing lignocellulose , the method having the following steps:a) irradiation of lignocellulose-containing particles in the energy range between 1 MeV and 10 MeV, preferably >3 MeV <8 MeV;b) mixing the irradiated lignocellulose-containing particles with an electron-beam-reactive polymer in powder form, in particular a thermoplastic, with powder particle sizes <2000 micrometres (μm), and/or with a liquid containing electron-beam-reactive polymer;c) forming of the mixture produced in a way corresponding to the form of the formed part to be produced, in particular forming it into a nonwoven;d) conveying the formed mixture to a preheating device;e) heating the formed mixture to 100-180° C.;f) pressing the formed mixture without significant heating; andg) irradiating the pressed mixture with electrons in the energy range from 1 MeV to 10 MeV.2. Method according to claim 1 , characterised in that in step a) irradiation takes place with a dosage between 50 and 150 kGy claim 1 , in particular with a dosage input of 100 kGy plus/minus 20 kGy.3. Method according to claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 43
19-01-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR EFFICIENT EXTRACTION OF LIGNIN

Номер: US20170015792A1
Автор: DAHLSTRAND Christian, LÖFSTEDT Joakim, OREBOM Alexander, SAMEC Joseph, SAWADJOON Supapom
Принадлежит: REN FUEL K2B AB

A method of extracting lignin from an aqueous composition by either treating the composition with a solvent and heat, or by acidifying the composition in order to induce phase separation. 113.-. (canceled)14. A method of transferring lignin into an organic solvent comprising:a. Providing an aqueous composition of lignin in a container;{'b': '3', 'b. Lowering the pH of the aqueous composition to a pH of or less and mixing the composition;'}c. Adding an organic solvent at least partly not soluble in water to the container forming a first mixture of lignin and organic solvent and mixing the first mixture;d. Letting the first mixture phase separate into an organic solvent phase and an aqueous phase; ande. Isolating the organic solvent phase from the first mixture.15. The method according to wherein the solvent is a cyclic ether.16. The method according to wherein the pH is lowered using hydrochloric acid or sulphuric acid.17. The method according to wherein the solvent is a mixture of methyl acetate and THF (tetrahydrofuran) or substituted THF claim 14 , or a mixture of ethyl acetate and THF or substituted THF claim 14 , or a mixture of MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone) and THF or substituted THF.18. The method according to wherein the lignin in the organic solvent phase is treated by reduction using a catalyst based on nickel or a palladium based catalyst.19. The method according to wherein the lignin in the organic solvent phase is treated by functionalization through esterification.20. The method according to wherein the esterification comprises adding an esterification reagent or claim 19 , a fatty acid and an esterification reagent claim 19 , and a catalyst to the organic solvent phase and heating the organic solvent phase.21. The method according to wherein the esterification reagent is carboxylic acid or an anhydride.22. The method according to wherein the esterification is done using C6-C18 fatty acids.23. The method according to wherein the treatment is performed ...

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Номер записи: 44
15-01-2015 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR RECOVERING RUBBER FROM AGED BRIQUETTES AND AGED BRIQUETTES CONTAINING PLANT MATTER FROM NON-HEVEA PLANTS

Номер: US20150018459A1
Автор: Cole William, Huang Yingyi, Mouri Hiroshi, Smale Mark, White Robert
Принадлежит: BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION

Provided herein are organic solvent-based processes for the removal of rubber from aged briquettes made from compressed plant matter (briquettes) of non-plants. Also provided are aged briquettes made from the compressed plant matter of non-plants where the briquettes have been aged for either various time period after formation and the rubber within the briquette has retained its a molecular weight to within a specified range. 124-. (canceled)26. The method of claim 25 , wherein the briquettes have been aged for 90-200 days after formation and prior to (b) and the rubber within the briquettes has a molecular weight of at 900 claim 25 ,000-1 claim 25 ,300 claim 25 ,000.27. The method of claim 25 , wherein the briquettes have been aged for 18-24 days after formation and prior to (b) and the rubber within the briquettes has a molecular weight of 1 claim 25 ,200 claim 25 ,000-1 claim 25 ,500 claim 25 ,000.28. The method of claim 25 , wherein the briquettes contain 80-100% by weight bark claim 25 , less than 20% by weight woody material and less than 1% by weight leaves.29. The method of any of claim 25 , wherein the briquettes contain 5 weight % or less woody material.30. The method of claim 25 , wherein the chopped plant matter is subjected to roll/flake milling prior to being compacted into the briquettes.31. The method of claim 25 , wherein the chopped plant matter has an average size of 0.062-0.5″ prior to being compressed into the briquette.32. The method of claim 25 , wherein the chopped plant matter of the briquettes comprises guayule plant matter.33. The method of claim 25 , wherein at least one of (b) and (d) comprises the use of a centrifuge.34. The method of claim 25 , wherein (b) comprises the use of a counter-current extractor.35. The method of claim 25 , wherein:the at least one polar organic solvent and additional polar organic solvent are selected from the group consisting of alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; ethers and esters having from 2 to 8 ...

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Номер записи: 45
15-01-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING OF CARBON DIOXIDE CONTAINED IN AN EXHAUST GAS FLOW

Номер: US20150018536A1
Автор: PHILIPP Franz Josef
Принадлежит: Commerzialbank Matterburg IM Burgenland Aktiengesellschaft

A method for processing carbon dioxide contained in an exhaust gas flow. The exhaust gas flow is brought in contact in a drying and cooling chamber with a moistened porous silicate material and admixed aluminum hydroxide and/or hydrated aluminum oxide and/or optionally other metal oxidizers to produce a basic aqueous medium and to destabilize the carbon dioxide, and cooled. The amount of aluminum hydroxide and/or hydrated aluminum oxide to be added is controlled via a continuous pH value measurement, after which the aqueous medium is fed to a subsequent prechamber, which is supplied with material containing oxidizable alkaline earth and/or heavy metal, in which neutralization of the aqueous medium containing ionized carbon occurs. The formed alkaline earth and/or heavy metal oxide is discharged from the prechamber and the aqueous medium containing ionized carbon is then fed to a main chamber equipped with material consisting of and/or containing organic carbon compounds. 18-. (canceled)9. A method for processing carbon dioxide contained in an exhaust gas flow to a product suitable for energy production , the method comprising the steps of:a) bringing the exhaust gas flow in contact in a drying and cooling chamber with a moistened porous silicate material and an admixed aluminum hydroxide and/or hydrated aluminum oxide and/or optionally other metal oxidizers to form a basic aqueous medium and to destabilize carbon dioxide, and cooled, wherein the amount of aluminum hydroxide and/or hydrated aluminum oxide to be added is controlled via a continuous pH value measurement;b) feeding the aqueous medium to a subsequent prechamber, which is supplied with material containing oxidizable alkaline earth and/or heavy metal, wherein oxidation of alkaline earth and/or heavy metal occurs with accompanying neutralization of the aqueous medium containing ionized carbon, and the alkaline earth and/or heavy metal oxide formed as a result is discharged from the prechamber, wherein ...

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Номер записи: 46
26-01-2017 дата публикации

METHODS FOR MAKING LIGNOCELLULOSE CONTAINING COMPOSITE PRODUCTS

Номер: US20170021524A1
Автор: Atkinson Derek L., Hagiopol Cornel, Hines John B., Sniady Adam K., Williamson Bobby L.
Принадлежит: GEORGIA-PACIFIC CHEMICALS LLC

Methods for making composite products are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the method can include combining a plurality of lignocellulose substrates and one or more free radical precursors to produce a mixture of the lignocellulose substrates and the one or more free radical precursors. The method can also include maintaining the mixture at a temperature less than 60° C. for at least 10 minutes while retaining at least 11 wt % of the one or more free radical precursors charged to the mixture. The method can then include heating the mixture comprising at least 11 wt % of the one or more free radical precursors charged to the mixture to a temperature of at least 60° C. to about 300° C. to produce a composite product. The composite product can have a density less than 1 g/cmand an internal bond strength of at least 0.35 MPa. 1. A method for making a composite product , comprising:combining a plurality of lignocellulose substrates and an oxidant to produce a mixture; andheating the mixture to a temperature of at least 60° C. to about 300° C. to produce a composite product having an internal bond strength of at least 0.3 MPa, as measured according to ASTM D1037-06a,wherein the mixture that is heated comprises at least 11 wt % of the oxidant initially combined with the plurality of lignocellulose substrates.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidant comprises hydrogen peroxide.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , prior to heating the mixture to the temperature of at least 60° C. to about 300° C. to produce the composite product claim 1 , an amount of energy generated from the mixture due to any exothermic reaction is less than 20 cal/g.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composite product has internal bond strength of about 0.35 MPa to about 1.7 MPa claim 1 , as measured according to ASTM D1037-06a.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising combining a catalyst with the plurality of lignocellulose substrates and the oxidant to produce the ...

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Номер записи: 47
26-01-2017 дата публикации

MODIFIED POLYPHENOL BINDER COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MAKING AND USING SAME

Номер: US20170022178A1
Автор: Atkinson Derek L., Hagiopol Cornel
Принадлежит: GEORGIA-PACIFIC CHEMICALS LLC

Modified polyphenol binder compositions and methods for making and using same are provided. In at least one specific embodiment, the binder composition can include at least one unsaturated monomer and at least one polyphenolic compound. The polyphenolic compound can include a lignin, a tannin, a novolac resin, a modified phenol formaldehyde resin, bis-phenol A, humic acid, or any mixture thereof. 1. A binder composition , comprising: each polyphenolic compound comprises a tannin, a lignin, a novolac resin, a modified phenol formaldehyde resin, bis-phenol A, or humic acid, and', 'the unsaturated monomer comprises an unsaturated glycidyl ether, an unsaturated glycidyl ester, an unsaturated mono-epoxide, an unsaturated methylol compound, maleic anhydride, or a mixture thereof., 'a reaction product of an unsaturated monomer and at least two polyphenolic compounds, wherein21. The binder composition , wherein the unsaturated monomer comprises an unsaturated glycidyl ether.3. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated monomer comprises an unsaturated glycidyl ester.4. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated monomer comprises an unsaturated mono-epoxide.5. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated monomer comprises an unsaturated methylol compound.6. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated monomer comprises maleic anhydride.7. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the unsaturated monomer to the at least two polyphenolic compounds claim 1 , on a solids basis claim 1 , is about 0.1:100 to about 1:2.8. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the unsaturated monomer to the at least two polyphenolic compounds claim 1 , on a solids basis claim 1 , is about 0.1:100 to about 1:7.9. The binder composition of claim 1 , wherein each polyphenolic compound comprises a lignin claim 1 , a novolac resin claim 1 , a modified phenol formaldehyde resin claim 1 , or bis- ...

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Номер записи: 48
28-01-2016 дата публикации

BONDING RESIN FOR WOOD-BASED COMPOSITES PROVIDING LIGHT COLORING, LOW PLATEN STICKING, AND WATER RESISTANCE

Номер: US20160024354A1
Автор: Parker Erik M., Winterowd Jack G.
Принадлежит: WEYERHAEUSER NR COMPANY

Disclosed herein are adhesives, wood-based composites incorporating the adhesives, and methods of forming wood-based composites using the adhesives. Wood-based composites formed using the adhesives demonstrate an optimal combination of characteristics desirable to the wood products industry. Specifically, the wood products formed using the adhesive demonstrate (1) a light appearance when wet; (2) relatively low moisture content after soaking in water; (3) relatively little thickness swelling after soaking in water; and (4) minimal adhesion to metal press platens during press-forming of the wood products. 1. An adhesive emulsion , comprising:(a) a continuous phase, comprising an aqueous, alkaline solution comprising a melamine/urea/formaldehyde resin; and(b) a dispersed phase, comprising a multifunctional aromatic isocyanate component;wherein the aqueous, alkaline solution comprising the melamine/urea/formaldehyde resin has a percent solids content of about 1.0% to about 90.0%; andwherein the melamine/urea/formaldehyde resin and the multifunctional aromatic isocyanate component are present in a ratio of about 92:8 to about 40:60 on a solids mass basis.2. The adhesive emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous claim 1 , alkaline solution comprising the melamine/urea/formaldehyde resin has a percent solids content of about 40.0% to about 70.0%.3. The adhesive emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous claim 1 , alkaline solution comprising the melamine/urea/formaldehyde resin is present in about 38.0-93.0 parts on a solids mass basis and the multifunctional aromatic isocyanate component is present in about 7.0-62.0 parts on a solids mass basis.4. The adhesive emulsion of claim 1 , wherein the multifunctional aromatic isocyanate component comprises PMDI (polymeric methylene diphenyldiisocyanate); toluene 2 claim 1 ,4-diisocyanate claim 1 , toluene 2 claim 1 ,6-diisocyanate claim 1 , mixtures of toluene 2 claim 1 ,4-diisocyanate and toluene 2 claim 1 ,6-diisocyanate (TDI) ...

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Номер записи: 49
10-02-2022 дата публикации

Humic Acid Type Adsorption material as Well as Preparation Method and Application thereof

Номер: US20220040672A1
Автор: Han Xingxing, Huang Liangxian, Niu Yuhua, Song Jie, Sun Yonghui, Wang Yangyang, ZHAO Xuan, Zhu Xiaobin
Принадлежит:

The invention discloses a humic acid type adsorption material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The humic acid type adsorption material is prepared by taking carboxymethyl cellulose or salts thereof, humate and montmorillonite as raw materials and adding a monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator through aqueous solution polymerization. The synthesized porous material is great in specific surface area, can quickly get close to water molecules in water to form hydrogen bonds, and finally achieves the purpose of removing organic dye pollutants through electrostatic attraction effect with dye molecules. The humic acid type adsorption material is low in raw material price, is simple in synthesis process, and is green and environmentally friendly. 1. A preparation method for a humic acid type adsorption material , comprising the following steps:step 1: weighing humate, montmorillonite, acrylic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose or salts thereof in a mass ratio of (0.01-0.15):(0.03-0.15):(2-6):(0.05-0.14) to separately prepare a humate solution, a montmorillonite water dispersion solution, an acrylic acid solution and a carboxymethyl cellulose solution or a salt solution thereof;step 2: stirring and uniformly mixing the humate solution, the montmorillonite water dispersion solution and the carboxymethyl cellulose solution or the salt solution thereof under a heating condition to form a system A; adding a crosslinking agent into the acrylic acid solution to form a system B;step 3: dropping the system B and an initiator into the system A, continuing to stir after the addition is completed, and continuing to stir after the temperature rises to obtain a viscous gel material;and step 4: performing freezing-thawing treatment on the viscous gel material obtained in step 3 for several times, and finally freeze-drying to obtain a humic acid type adsorption material.2. The preparation method for the humic acid type adsorption material according to claim ...

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Номер записи: 50
25-01-2018 дата публикации

METHODS OF PRODUCING STABLE LIGNIN PHENOLIC OIL

Номер: US20180022877A1
Автор: BROWN Robert C., HALL Patrick H., ROVER Marjorie R., Smith Ryan G.
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method of producing a stable lignin phenolic oil, where the method comprises providing a lignin; pre-treating the lignin with a base solution, where the base solution has a pH of 8 or above; and hydrogenating the pre-treated lignin to produce a stabilized lignin phenolic oil. The present invention further relates to a method of producing a stable lignin phenolic oil, the method comprising: providing a non-recalcitrant lignin; solubilizing the lignin in a solvent; and hydrogenating the solubilized lignin to produce a stabilized lignin phenolic oil. 1. A method of producing a stable lignin phenolic oil , said method comprising:providing a lignin;pre-treating the lignin with a base solution, wherein the base solution has a pH of 8 or above; andhydrogenating the pre-treated lignin to produce a stabilized lignin phenolic oil.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base solution has a pH of between 8 and 11.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lignin is selected from the group consisting of organosolv lignin claim 1 , Kraft lignin claim 1 , supercritical hydrolysis lignin claim 1 , steam explosion lignin claim 1 , enzymatic hydrolysis lignin claim 1 , acetosolv lignin claim 1 , milled wood lignin claim 1 , and black liquor lignin.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said pre-treating the lignin with a base solution is carried out at a temperature of between 15° C. to 200° C. and for a time of no less than 15 minutes.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said pre-treating is carried out at a temperature of between 100° C. to 150° C. and for a time of between 2 hours and 6 hours.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base solution is a hydroxide solution.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the hydroxide is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide claim 6 , ammonium hydroxide claim 6 , calcium hydroxide claim 6 , triethylamine hydroxide claim 6 , potassium hydroxide claim 6 , lithium hydroxide claim 6 , and magnesium hydroxide.8. ...

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Номер записи: 51
10-02-2022 дата публикации

SOLID CARRIER COMPONENT INCLUDING A LIQUID POLYDIORGANOSILOXANE AND METHODS FOR PREPARATION AND USE OF THE SOLID CARRIER COMPONENT

Номер: US20220041864A1
Автор: BRUCE Keith, Chorvath Igor, Courtemanche Marc-Andre, KEENIHAN James, Mecca Jodi
Принадлежит:

A solid carrier component includes a liquid polydiorganosiloxane and an ethylene-based polymer. The solid carrier component is useful in processes for preparing wood plastic composite articles, such as building materials. 1. A solid carrier component comprising:50 weight % to 90 weight % of (A) a high density polyethylene with a melt index >2 g/10 min measured according to ASTM D1238-13 at 190° C. and at 2.16 Kg loading;10 weight % to 25 weight % of (C) a bis-hydroxyl terminated polydiorganosiloxane with a viscosity of 5,000 mPa·s to 25,000 mPa·s measured at 25° C. at 5 RPM on a Brookfield DV-III cone & plate viscometer with #CP-52 spindle;0 to <25 weight % of (B) a maleated ethylene-based polymer; and0 to 10 weight % of (D) a filler,where each weight % is based on combined weights of all starting materials in the solid carrier component.2. The solid carrier component of claim 1 , where for starting material (A) the melt index is 6.8 g/10 min to 20 g/10 min claim 1 , and starting material (A) is present at 60 weight % to 90 weight %.4. The solid carrier component of claim 3 , where each R is a methyl group claim 3 , subscript x has a value sufficient to give the polydialkylsiloxane the viscosity of 12 claim 3 ,000 mPa·s to 15 claim 3 ,000 mPa·s claim 3 , and the polydialkylsiloxane is present at 10 weight % to 20 weight %.5. The solid carrier component of claim 1 , where starting material (B) is present claim 1 , and starting material (B) has a melt index of 0.1 g/10 min to 25 g/10 min determined at 190° C. and 2.16 Kg according to ASTM D1238-13 and a maleic anhydride content of 0.25 weight % to 2.5 weight % claim 1 , and starting material (B) is present at 0 weight % to 20 weight %.6. The solid carrier component of claim 1 , where the solid carrier component is free of starting material (B) claim 1 , the maleated ethylene-based polymer.7. The solid carrier component of claim 1 , where starting material (D) claim 1 , the filler claim 1 , is present in an amount >0 ...

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Номер записи: 52
23-01-2020 дата публикации

POLYCARBOXYLATED COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING SAME

Номер: US20200024407A1
Автор: Rafiee Mohammad, Stahl Shannon S.
Принадлежит: WISCONSIN ALUMNI RESEARCH FOUNDATION

Methods of selectively modifying lignin, polycarboxylated products thereof, and methods of deriving aromatic compounds therefrom. The methods comprise electrochemically oxidizing lignin using stable nitroxyl radicals to selectively oxidize primary hydroxyls on β-O-4 phenylpropanoid units to corresponding carboxylic acids while leaving the secondary hydroxyls unchanged. The oxidation results in polycarboxylated lignin in the form of a polymeric β-hydroxy acid. The polymeric β-hydroxy acid has a high loading of carboxylic acid and can be isolated in acid form, deprotonated, and/or converted to a salt. The β-hydroxy acid, anion, or salt can also be subjected to acidolysis to generate various aromatic monomers or oligomers. The initial oxidation of lignin to the polycarboxylated form renders the lignin more susceptible to acidolysis and thereby enhances the yield of aromatic monomers and oligomers obtained through acidolysis. 112-. (canceled)13. A polycarboxylated compound comprising phenylpropanoid units , wherein:each of the phenylpropanoid unit comprises an α-carbon and a β-carbon;the phenylpropanoid units are linked to each other via linkages comprising one or more of a β-O-4 linkage, a β-1 linkage, a β-5 linkage, a 4-O-5 linkage, a 5-5 linkage, and a β-β linkage;the phenylpropanoid units comprise β-O-4 phenylpropanoid units;each of the β-O-4 phenylpropanoid units is a single one of the phenylpropanoid units and is linked via its β-carbon with a β-O-4 linkage;each β-O-4 phenylpropanoid unit in at least a portion of the β-O-4 phenylpropanoid units comprises a secondary hydroxyl moiety on the α-carbon of the β-O-4 phenylpropanoid unit and a carboxylic acid or carboxylate moiety on the β-carbon of the β-O-4 phenylpropanoid unit.14. The polycarboxylated compound of claim 13 , wherein the polycarboxylated compound comprises from 0.05 to 0.8 carboxylic acid or carboxylate functional groups per phenylpropanoid unit.15. The polycarboxylated compound of claim 13 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 53
01-05-2014 дата публикации

Composite Wood Board

Номер: US20140116291A1
Автор: Aindow Tony, Baybutt George, Jackson Roger
Принадлежит:

In a stack of composite wood boards, the wood boards comprise wood particles and an organic binder. 1. A composite wood board comprising wood particles and an organic binder.2. A composite wood board in accordance with claim 1 , in which the binder is substantially formaldehyde free claim 1 , preferably formaldehyde free.320.-. (canceled) This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/524,522, filed Nov. 12, 2009 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,501,838), which is a U.S. national counterpart application of International Application Serial No. PCT/EP2007/050746, filed Jan. 25, 2007, the entire disclosures of each of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.This invention relates to composite wood boards, for example particle boards, orientated strand boards and wood fibre boards, and particularly to composite wood board comprising a bioresin and/or having a low formaldehyde or formaldehyde free binder.Bioresin is a term coined to describe a resin or resin formulation derived from a biological source. Thus, many traditional resins such as protein-based soybean, collagen or casein, or carbohydrate-derivatives from cellulose or starch, natural rubber based adhesives and natural phenolic adhesives such as tannin or lignin may all be classed as bioresins. They are renewable polymers and, with low environmental impact, represent an alternative to existing petroleum-driven systems.Interest in bio-resin systems stems largely from increasing regulation and public concern for a pollution-free environment, and the need for sustainable alternatives to products based upon a finite petrochemical resource. Commercial thermoset resin production and use is subject to such regulation largely due to the monomer components that form the basis of the formulation. Overwhelmingly, these resins are based on melamine, phenol, urea, formaldehyde, styrene or isocyanate starting materials.Emissions of formaldehyde, phenol and isocyanate are generally regulated; they are ...

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Номер записи: 54
04-02-2021 дата публикации

PLANT-BASED COMPOSITIONS FOR THE PROTECTION OF PLANTS FROM COLD DAMAGE

Номер: US20210029896A1
Автор: MO CHANGKI, Whiting Matthew David, Zhang Qin, Zhang Xiao
Принадлежит:

Compositions and methods of protecting plants from cold damage are provided. In particular, the invention provides compositions comprising plant-based nano- and/or micron-sized particles which, when applied to plants or plant parts such as buds, form a non-hydrophilic deposit or film with low thermal conductivity, thereby conferring protection against damage from ice nucleation and cold stress. 1. A method of preventing or limiting ice nucleation on buds of a plant , comprising the step of at least one material selected from the group consisting of nano- and/or micro-particulate: i) sawdust; ii) straw; iii) xylan; and iv) xylan plus lignin, and', 'at least one surfactant;, 'spraying onto the plant an aqueous composition which includeswherein the step of spraying is performed so as to adhere the at least one material onto buds or bud sites of the plant, and wherein said spraying is performed prior to or during the plant being exposed to freezing temperatures.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one material is deposited on at least about 10% of the bud surface.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of fruit trees claim 1 , vegetable crops and ornamentals.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the xylan or xylan plus lignin is obtained from straw.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the straw is fibrillated straw.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of applying is performed at a temperature that is below 0° C.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the xylan or xylan plus lignin is obtained from sawdust.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sawdust is fibrillated sawdust. This application is a continuation-in-part of PCT Application No. PCT/US2019/044093, filed Jul. 30, 2019, which claims priority to U.S. patent application 62/712,135, filed Jul. 30, 2018.This invention was made with government support under grant number 2018-67009-27903 awarded by The United States Department of Agriculture. The United ...

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Номер записи: 55
30-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR GRAFTING POLYPHENOLS

Номер: US20200032002A1
Автор: Allard-Breton Béatrice, BLANC Jerome, Gillet Jean-Philippe, Teissier Rémy
Принадлежит: Arkema France

The invention relates to a process for producing at least one grafted polyphenol, comprising at least the step of reacting, in the presence of at least one catalyst, at least one polyphenol with at least one compound of formula (I) below: 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said polyphenol is chosen from tannins claim 1 , lignins and natural polyphenols other than tannins and lignins.3. The process as claimed in claim 2 , wherein said polyphenol is a lignin.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is chosen from alkali metal hydroxides claim 1 , sodium or potassium alkoxides claim 1 , and tertiary amines chosen from trialkylamines and tetramethylguanidine.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ris chosen from a hydrogen atom and a linear or branched claim 1 , saturated or unsaturated claim 1 , C-Chydrocarbon-based chain.7. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the number of moles of said compound of formula (I) is at least 1.1 times greater than or equal to the number of —OH functions present per mole of said polyphenol.9. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein step (b) is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which is identical to or different than the catalyst as defined in .10. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the grafted polyphenol/alkoxylating agent weight ratio ranges from 0.05 to 2.11. A grafted polyphenol that can be obtained by the process as defined in .12. An alkoxylated polyphenol that can be obtained by the process as defined in .13. The use of the grafted polyphenol as defined in claim 11 , as a reagent in alkoxylation processes.14. The use of the grafted polyphenol as defined in claim 11 , as a solvent for polyphenols.15. The use of the grafted polyphenol as defined in claim 11 , as a solvent in polyphenol alkoxylation processes.16. The use of the grafted polyphenol as defined in claim 11 , for producing polyurethanes claim 11 , polyesters claim 11 , nonionic or cationic surfactants claim ...

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Номер записи: 56
09-02-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHICKEN FARMING

Номер: US20170035031A1
Автор: BERNAT Yonatan
Принадлежит: PLASSON LTD.

A system for chicken farming, comprising: a coop floor; at least one slat elevated from the coop floor; and a nesting cabin. The at least one slat is at least partially made of a natural fiber plastic composite (NFPC), such as a wood-plastic composite (WPC). In addition, a method for chicken farming using the system, and a wood-plastic composite for use in improving egg production performance in hens. 123.-. (canceled)24. A system for chicken farming , comprising:a coop floor;at least one slat elevated from the coop floor; anda nesting cabin,wherein the at least one slat is at least partially made of a natural fiber plastic composite (NFPC).25. The system of claim 24 , wherein the nesting cabin is elevated above the at least one slat.26. The system of claim 24 , wherein the at least one slat is formed as a grid.27. The system of claim 26 , wherein the grid has bar widths and gaps sized to enable a hen to grip the bars with its claws and to comfortably stand and walk on the at least one slat.28. The system of claim 24 , wherein the at least one slat is entirely made of NFPC.29. The system of claim 24 , wherein the at least one slat comprises a wood-plastic composite (WPC).30. The system of claim 29 , wherein the WPC comprises wood fibers and a polymer selected from the group consisting of: Polyethylene claim 29 , Polypropylene claim 29 , Polyvinyl Chloride claim 29 , High-Density Polyethylene claim 29 , Low-Density Polyethylene claim 29 , Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene claim 29 , Polystyrene claim 29 , Polyamide claim 29 , and Polylactic Acid.31. The system of claim 30 , wherein the wood fibers constitute 30-80 w % of the WPC claim 30 , and the polymer constitutes 70-20 w % of the WPC.32. A method comprising:farming chickens in a coop which comprises at least one slat that is at least partially made of a natural fiber plastic composite (NFPC), so as to improve egg production performance of the chickens.33. The method of claim 32 , wherein the egg production ...

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Номер записи: 57
09-02-2017 дата публикации

CARBOHYDRATE POLYAMINE BINDERS AND MATERIALS MADE THEREWITH

Номер: US20170037187A1
Автор: APPLEY Charles Fitch, Hampson Carl, MUELLER Gert R., Pacorel Benedicte
Принадлежит:

A binder comprising the products of a carbohydrate reactant and polyamine is disclosed. The binder is useful for consolidating loosely assembled matter, such as fibers. uncured fibrous products comprising fibers in contact with a carbohydrate reactant and a polyamine are also disclosed. The binder composition may be cured to yield a fibrous product comprising fibers bound by a cross-linked polymer. Further disclosed are methods for binding fibers with the carbohydrate reactant and polyamine based binder. 151.-. (canceled)52. A composition comprising a collection of matter bound by a cured , thermoset , polymeric binder , wherein the cured , thermoset , polymeric binder comprises reaction products of drying and curing an aqueous binder solution containing reactants for producing the polymeric binder , wherein the reactants include a reducing sugar and a primary polyamine HN-Q-NH , wherein Q is alkyl , cycloalkyl , heteroalkyl , or cycloheteroalkyl , each of which is optionally substituted.53. The composition of claim 52 , wherein the collection of matter comprises glass fibers present in the range from 70% to 99% by weight.54. The composition of claim 52 , wherein the reducing sugar is selected from the group consisting of dextrose claim 52 , xylose claim 52 , fructose claim 52 , dihydroxyacetone claim 52 , and mixtures thereof.55. The composition of claim 52 , wherein Q is an alkyl selected from the group consisting of C-C.56. The composition of claim 52 , wherein the primary polyamine is 1 claim 52 ,6-diaminohexane.57. The composition of claim 52 , wherein a weight ratio of the reducing sugar to the primary polyamine is in the range of 2:1 to 10:1.58. The composition of claim 52 , wherein a weight ratio of the reducing sugar to the primary polyamine is in the range of 3:1 to 6:1.59. The composition of claim 52 , wherein the composition is a composite wood board.60. The composition of claim 52 , wherein the composition is a composite wood board comprising a wax.61. ...

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Номер записи: 58
08-02-2018 дата публикации

FUEL COMPOSITION COMPRISING HUMINS

Номер: US20180037831A1
Автор: Boot Michael Dirk, de Jong Edserd, van der Waal Jan Cornelis
Принадлежит:

A fuel composition comprises humins and at least one organic oxygenated solvent which has an apparent viscosity of at most 1.5 Pa·s at 100° C. at a shear rate of 30 s. Humins are produced by the dehydration of carbohydrates. The organic oxygenated solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, which may be aromatic, cycloaliphatic and aliphatic, and mixtures thereof. The fuel compositions can be used as marine fuel. 1. Fuel composition comprising humins and at least one organic oxygenated solvent which has an apparent viscosity of at most 1.5 Pa·s at 100° C. at a shear rate of 30 s.2. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , which has an apparent viscosity in the range of 0.005 to 0.1 Pa·s claim 1 , preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.08 Pa·s.3. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , comprising the humins in an amount ranging from 1 to 99% wt claim 1 , based on the weight of the fuel composition.4. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the humins have been produced by the dehydration of carbohydrates.5. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , comprising the organic oxygenated solvent in an amount ranging from 1 to 99% wt claim 1 , based on the weight of the fuel composition.6. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic oxygenated solvent is selected from the group consisting of alcohols claim 1 , ethers claim 1 , aldehydes claim 1 , ketones claim 1 , acids claim 1 , esters claim 1 , which may be aromatic claim 1 , cycloaliphatic and aliphatic claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.7. Fuel composition according to claim 1 , wherein the organic oxygenated solvent has been selected from the group consisting of mono-alcohols having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms claim 1 , ethers having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms claim 1 , and C-Cesters of carboxylic acids claim 1 , containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.8. Fuel composition according to claim 7 , wherein the organic ...

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Номер записи: 59
24-02-2022 дата публикации

BIODEGRADGRADABLE DEVICES, AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME

Номер: US20220056262A1
Автор: Abu-Jdayil Basim, Al Marzouqi Ali, Caires Yousuf, Galiwango Emmanuel, Haris Sabeera, Mousa Noran
Принадлежит:

A bioplastic blend is disclosed. The bioplastic blend may comprise a polylactic acid polymer and a lignocellulosic biomass. The lignocellulosic biomass may be a particulate and have an average particle size that is less than or equal to 60 micrometers, or less than or equal to 50 micrometers. The lignocellulosic biomass may be a particulate and comprise greater than or equal to 50 percent by weight of the bioplastic blend, or greater than or equal to 60 percent by weight of the bioplastic blend. In addition, the bioplastic blend may comprise a plasticizer. 1. A bioplastic blend , comprising:a polylactic acid polymer; anda lignocellulosic biomass.2. The biodegradable bioplastic blend according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is a particulate lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , the particulate lignocellulosic biomass having an average particle size less than or equal to 60 micrometers.3. The bioplastic blend according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is a particulate lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , the particulate lignocellulosic biomass having an average particle size less than or equal to 50 micrometers.4. The bioplastic blend according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is a particulate lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , the particulate lignocellulosic biomass comprising greater than or equal to 50 percent by weight of the bioplastic blend.5. The bioplastic blend according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is a particulate lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , the particulate lignocellulosic biomass comprising greater than or equal to 60 percent by weight of the bioplastic blend.6. The bioplastic blend according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is selected from at least one of the group consisting of switch grass lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , elephant grass lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , miscanthus grass lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , date palm tree lignocellulosic biomass claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 60
07-02-2019 дата публикации

Packaging And Liquid Stabilizing Material

Номер: US20190040280A1
Автор: Seto Alfred
Принадлежит: Envirosystems Incorporation

An apparatus and a method are provided for a packaging and liquid stabilizing material suitable for dispensing and drying into a desired shape. In some embodiments, the desired shape may be selected so as to simplify cleanup of the packaging and liquid stabilizing material after having absorbed a liquid spilled from containers during transportation in a larger container. A first portion of the packaging and liquid stabilizing material comprises latex-based waste which is formulated into a recycled latex emulsion. The latex-based waste generally comprises recycled liquid latex paint, as well as recycled semi-liquid latex paint and coatings. A second portion comprises a particulate material which includes a mixture of at least cellulose and lignin, such as sawdust. A third portion comprises additional components including any of various plasticizers, coloring agents, hardeners, drying agents, or solidifiers. 1. A packaging and liquid stabilizing material suitable for dispensing and drying into a desired shape , comprising:a first portion comprising latex;a second portion comprising a particulate material; anda third portion comprising additional components.2. The material of claim 1 , wherein the first portion comprises latex-based waste formulated into a recycled latex emulsion.3. The material of claim 2 , wherein the latex-based waste is recycled liquid latex paint.4. The material of claim 3 , wherein the latex-based waste comprises recycled semi-liquid latex paint and coatings.5. The material of claim 1 , wherein the particulate material comprises a mixture of cellulose and lignin.6. The material of claim 5 , wherein the particulate material comprises sawdust.7. The material of claim 1 , wherein the additional components comprise any of various plasticizers claim 1 , coloring agents claim 1 , or hardeners.8. The material of claim 1 , wherein the desired shape is selected so as to simplify cleanup of the packaging and liquid stabilizing material after having ...

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Номер записи: 61
12-02-2015 дата публикации

ISOLATION METHOD FOR WATER INSOLUBLE COMPONENTS OF A BIOMASS AND PRODUCTS PROVIDED THEREFROM

Номер: US20150045543A1
Автор: Mitchell Melvin
Принадлежит:

The process includes pretreating the biomass with a first basic solution such as sodium hydroxide and mechanically altering the fibers to provide a fluidized biomass. The fluidized biomass is then subjected to high frequency pulses and shear forces without denaturing the individual components of the biomass. The biomass is then subjected to compressive force to separate a first liquid fraction from a first fractionated biomass. The first fractionated biomass may again then be subjected to the same high frequency pulses and shear forces as previously, particularly if there are hemicellulose and/or sugars still present in the first fractionated biomass. Compressive forces are used to separate a second liquid fraction from a second fractionated biomass. The second fractionated biomass is subjected to oxidation such as with hydrogen peroxide at a pH of 8 to 12. The second fractioned biomass is then subjected to compressive forces to separate one or more water insoluble components of the biomass in water soluble form. 1. A process for providing water insoluble components of a biomass in water soluble form and a biomass substantially devoid of hemicellulose , sugar and the water insoluble components , the process comprising:a) pretreating the biomass with a first basic solution;b) subjecting the pretreated biomass to high frequency pulses and shear forces without denaturing the individual components of the biomass;c) subjecting the biomass to compressive force to separate a first liquid fraction from a first fractionated biomass;d) subjecting the first fractionated biomass to the same high frequency pulses and shear forces of step b);e) subjecting the first fractionated biomass to compressive forces to separate a second liquid fraction from a second fractionated biomass wherein the second fractionated biomass is substantially devoid of hemicelluloses and sugars;f) subjecting the second fractionated biomass substantially devoid of hemicelluloses and sugars to oxidation at ...

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Номер записи: 62
06-02-2020 дата публикации

FUNCTIONALIZED LIGNIN AS A DISPERSING AGENT FOR RUBBER COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20200040142A1
Автор: AURISICCHIO Claudia, CALIANO Ludovica, Crestini Claudia, Di Ronza Raffaele
Принадлежит: BRIDGESTONE CORPORATION

Lignin having a plurality of functionalizations of the general formula I 3. Use of functionalized lignin according to claim 2 , characterized in that R is —OArLig and R′ is —OH.4. Use of functionalized lignin according to claim 2 , characterized in that n is between 1 and 5.5. Use of functionalized lignin according to claim 2 , characterized in that said functionalized lignin is derived from Kraft lignin. The present invention relates to functionalized lignin to be used as a dispersing agent for rubber compounds.The usage of lignin as a dispersing agent within rubber compounds for making pneumatic tyre parts has long been known.Lignin is an organic substance that binds the cells and fibers that constitute wood and the lignified elements of plants. After cellulose, it is the most abundant renewable source of carbon on earth. Although it is not possible to define the precise structure of lignin as a chemical molecule, it is however possible to identify lignin as a polymeric structure based upon the following three phenylpropane units: -p-coumaryl alcohol; -coniferyl alcohol (4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamyl alcohol); -sinapyl alcohol (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol). As can easily be inferred from the chemical structure of the core components of lignin, the latter is particularly rich in hydroxyl groups, mainly of the phenolic, alcohol or carboxylic type that render the same lignin particularly suitable for functionalization by means of esterification and/or etherification reactions.Commercially, there exist different types of lignin which differ according to the different extraction process by which they were obtained. The Kraft process and the Sulphonation process constitute two examples of processes that are dedicatedto the extraction of lignin.In particular, Kraft Lignin is a byproduct of the Kraft process that is utilized in order to chemically extract cellulose from wood. This is obtained by means of precipitation, lowering the pH of spent liquor from the ...

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Номер записи: 63
18-02-2021 дата публикации

WOOD PARTICLE BOARDS

Номер: US20210046669A1
Автор: Hand Richard
Принадлежит:

A non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component(s) is used in a binder composition to facilitate manufacture of wood particle boards. 114-. (canceled)15. A method of manufacturing a wood particle board comprising:a) mixing wood particles with a binder composition having a dry weight comprising at least 40% by weight (wt. %) of the binder composition to produce resinated wood particles comprising wood particles coated with the binder composition;b) forming a resinated mat comprising the resinated wood particles arranged in the form of a mat of loosely arranged resinated wood particles; andforming a wood particle board by curing the binder composition while subjecting the resinated mat to pressure; wherein the binder composition comprises 0.1-25 wt. % of at least one non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component for reducing or eliminating resinated wood particle clumping.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component is selected from the group consisting of glycerol claim 15 , a polyalkylene glycol claim 15 , polyethylene glycol claim 15 , polypropylene glycol claim 15 , trimethylolpropane claim 15 , pentaerythritol claim 15 , polyvinyl alcohol claim 15 , partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate claim 15 , fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate and mixtures thereof.17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component comprises 1-20 wt. % of the binder composition.18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component comprises 2-18 wt. % of the binder composition.19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the at least one non-carbohydrate polyhydroxy component comprises 5-10 wt. % of the binder composition.20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the binder composition comprises at least 30% by dry weight of a carbohydrate reactant.21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the binder composition comprises (a) at least one reducing sugar reactant and at least one nitrogen- ...

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Номер записи: 64
15-02-2018 дата публикации

PRODUCTS EXTRACTED FROM BLACK LIQUOR

Номер: US20180044482A1
Автор: RICHTER Isabella, Wittmann Tobias
Принадлежит: SUNCOAL INUDUSTRIES GMBH

Products extracted from black liquor include undissolved carbonized lignin and carbonized black liquor. The products further include solid carbon separated from the black liquor. Black liquor from an alkaline fractionation process is subjected to a hydrothermal carbonization process. Undissolved carbonized lignin is separated from the carbonized black liquor. The remaining carbonized black liquor is fed back into the alkaline fractionation process. The undissolved carbonized lignin is separated from the carbonized black liquor and purified. 1. An undissolved carbonized lignin extracted from black liquor from an alkaline fractionation process , wherein:the fraction of the chemical element carbon in the undissolved carbonized lignin based on the ash-free and dry mass is at least 60 percent by mass,the fraction of the chemical element carbon in the undissolved carbonized lignin based on the ash-free and dry mass is higher by at least 5 percent by mass than the fraction of the chemical element carbon in an ash-free and dry residue which is extracted in a complete evaporation of the black liquor used as starting material,the ash fraction of the undissolved carbonized lignin based on the dry mass is a maximum of 10 percent by mass,the ash fraction of the undissolved carbonized lignin based on the dry mass is lower by at least 50 percent by mass than the ash fraction of the dry residue which is extracted in a complete evaporation of the black liquor used as starting material,the softening temperature of the undissolved carbonized lignin is at least 200° C., andthe dry matter content of the undissolved carbonized lignin is at least 40 percent by mass.2. The undissolved carbonized lignin as claimed in claim 1 , wherein:the fraction of the chemical element carbon in the undissolved carbonized lignin based on the ash-free and dry mass is at least 68 percent by mass.3. The undissolved carbonized lignin as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fraction of the chemical element carbon ...

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Номер записи: 65
08-05-2014 дата публикации

RESIN-METAL COMPLEX AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20140127435A1
Автор: LEE JAE CHOON, Paik Sungshick, PARK Sungmin
Принадлежит: WAPS. CO. LTD

Provided herein is a resin-metal complex and a manufacturing method thereof, the resin-metal complex being a synthetic resin comprising an olefin resin, filler, and coupling agent combined with a metallic material, the filler being at least one of an organic filler and inorganic filler, the inorganic filler being wood flour, wood pellet, wood fiber, or paper powder, and the inorganic filler being talc, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, or kaolinite. 1. A resin-metal complex where a synthetic resin comprising an olefin resin , filler , and coupling agent is combined with a metallic material ,wherein the filler is at least one of an organic filler or inorganic filler, the organic filler selected from wood flour, wood pellet, wood fiber, and paper powder, or any combination thereof, and the inorganic filler selected from talc, calcium carbonate, wollastonite, and kaolinite, or any combination thereof.2. The resin-metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein on the basis of 100 parts by weight of the olefin resin claim 1 , the filler is 1 to 100 parts by weight claim 1 , and the coupling agent is 0.1 to 10 parts by weight.3. The resin-metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the coupling agent is a silane resin or modified maleic anhydride resin.4. The resin-metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the synthetic resin further comprises additive(s) claim 1 , the additive(s) being a photo stabilizer claim 1 , antioxidant claim 1 , ultraviolet ray absorbent claim 1 , or lubricant claim 1 , or any combination thereof.5. The resin-metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic material is aluminum claim 1 , iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , and magnesium claim 1 , or any combination thereof.6. The resin-metal complex according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic material is a circle claim 1 , oval claim 1 , triangle claim 1 , square claim 1 , pentagon ...

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Номер записи: 66
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Process for the production of shaped cellulose articles

Номер: US20160053407A1
Автор: Hauru Lauri, Hummel Michael, Kilpeläinen IIkka, King Alistair W.T., Michud Anne, Parviainen Arno, Sixta Herbert
Принадлежит:

A method of manufacturing a cellulose-based shaped article. The method comprises subjecting a solution of lignocellulosic material, dissolved in a distillable ionic liquid, to a spinning method, wherein the ionic liquid is a diazabicyclononene (DBN)-based ionic liquid. DBN-based ionic liquids have good dissolution power, high thermal and chemical stability, lack runaway reactions and exhibit low energy consumption, due to low spinning temperatures. The shaped cellulose articles can be used as textile fibres, high-end non-woven fibres, technical fibres, films for packaging, and barriers films in batteries, as membranes and as carbon-fibre precursors. 1. A method of manufacturing of a cellulose-based shaped article by subjecting a solution comprising a lignocellulosic material dissolved in a distillable ionic liquid to a spinning method , wherein the ionic liquid is a diazabicyclononene (DBN) based ionic liquid.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the DBN-based ionic liquid comprises a DBN-based cation and an anion that imparts a high basicity claim 1 , in terms of the Kamlet-Taft beta (β) parameter claim 1 , said DBN-based cation having a residue R claim 1 , which is selected from linear and branched alkyl claim 1 , typically C-Calkyl claim 1 , alkoxy claim 1 , alkoxyalkyl and aryl groups claim 1 , and hydrogen.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the DBN-based ionic liquid has a 1 claim 1 ,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-enium cation of Formula (I) in claim 1 , where Ris H claim 1 , and a carboxylate anion.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the DBN-based ionic liquid is [DBNH][COEt] or[DBNH][OAc].6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the lignocellulosic material is a chemical claim 1 , mechanical or chemimechanical pulp produced from wood or a non-wood source claim 1 , or where the lignocellulosic material is a waste material.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the solution additionally comprises a lignin.8. The method according ...

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Номер записи: 67
23-02-2017 дата публикации

SYNTHETIC WOOD MEAL

Номер: US20170051148A1
Автор: Higashi Koji, Kikuchi Takeyasu, Morita Kazumasa, Nakamura Yuichiro
Принадлежит:

A synthetic wood meal for a pellet that enables to manufacture a molded product with no deformation such as warping and distortion or, if any, deformation that can be alleviated to a practically non-problematic level and also features high mechanical strength. The synthetic wood meal includes 30 wt % to 70 wt % of a thermoplastic resin including polypropylene or a mixed material of polypropylene and polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; 70 wt % to 30 wt % of a wood meal having a bulk density of 0.14 to 0.22 g/cm3 and a mean fiber length of 80 to 250 μm in which 30 wt % or less of the wood meal having a shortest fiber length of 60 μm or less, and 25 wt % or less of the wood meal having a shortest fiber length of 30 μm or less; and an additive including a reinforcing agent. 1. A synthetic wood meal for a pellet used for extrusion molding of a molded wood product comprising:30 wt % to 70 wt % of a thermoplastic resin including polyvinyl chloride (PVC);{'sup': '3', '70 wt % to 30 wt % of a wood meal having a bulk density of 0.14 to 0.22 g/cmand a mean fiber length of 80 to 250 μm in which 30% or less of the wood meal having a shortest fiber length of 60 μm or less, and 25% or less of the wood meal having a shortest fiber length of 30 μm or less; and'}an additive including calcium carbonate as a reinforcing agent.2. The synthetic wood meal according to claim 1 , wherein 5 wt % or less of the wood meal has a longest fiber length of 450 μm to 800 μm.3. The synthetic wood meal according to claim 1 , wherein the water content of the wood meal is 5 to 10 wt %.4. The synthetic wood meal according to claim 1 , wherein the compounding ratio of the wood meal to the thermoplastic resin including polyvinyl chloride is 48 wt % of the wood meal to 35 wt % of the thermoplastic resin claim 1 , and the remainder includes the reinforcing agent as the additive.5. The synthetic wood meal according to claim 2 , wherein the compounding ratio of the wood meal to the thermoplastic resin ...

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Номер записи: 68
15-05-2014 дата публикации

HYDROPHOBIC COATING AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING HYDROPHOBIC SURFACE

Номер: US20140130710A1
Автор: Ikkala Olli, Laukkanen Antti, Mertaniemi Henrikki, RAS Robin, Teirfolk Jan-Erik
Принадлежит: UPM-KYMMENE CORPORATION

A method for producing a superhydrophobic surface, which includes cellulosic material. The cellulosic material includes nanocellulose particles and the method includes adding the nanocellulose particles to a surface and hydrophobizing the nanocellulose particles with a modifier before, during and/or after the addition of the particles. The invention further relates to a hydrophobic coating. 1. A method for producing a superhydrophobic surface , which comprises cellulosic material , wherein adding the nanocellulose particles to a surface; and', 'hydrophobizing the nanocellulose particles with a modifier before, during and/or after the addition of the particles., 'the cellulosic material comprises nanocellulose particles and the method comprises2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a surface area of the nanocellulose particles is at least 60 m/g.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a water drop on the superhydrophobic surface displays a defined contact angle of at least 150°.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic surface comprises nanocellulose particles having particle size between 5 to 50 microns.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic surface comprises nanocellulose particles that are produced from dilute nanocellulose hydrogel in the following process claim 1 , whereinthe water is first removed from nanocellulose hydrogel by solvent extraction, andthe dry nanocellulose material is grinded to suitable powder size.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic surface comprises spray-dried nanocellulose particles.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the superhydrophobic surface comprises refined nanocellulose aerogel particles.8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobisation step is realized by chemical vapour deposition.9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modifier is in liquid form.10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the modifier is ...

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Номер записи: 69
05-03-2015 дата публикации

REINFORCEMENT FOR A MATERIAL MADE FROM A MOLDABLE COMPOSITION

Номер: US20150059618A1
Автор: Grosskinsky Theo, Krus Martin, Theuerkorn Werner
Принадлежит:

Reinforcement for a material may be provided that includes a moldable composition, particularly for a building material, in which barley awns and seed parachutes, such as from bulrush seeds, are present as components in the reinforcement. The seed parachutes may comprise stem fibers and lateral fibers branching off therefrom, where the lateral fibers of the seed parachutes are connected to one another by the barley awns. The barley awns may have a weight proportion of approximately 0.1 to approximately 2 times, such as approximately 0.5 to approximately 1 time, higher than the weight proportion of the seed parachutes. A building material may be provided that includes the described reinforcement. A method for producing the building material may also be provided. 1. A reinforcement for a material made from a moldable composition , in particular for a building material , wherein barley awns and parachutes of seeds , in particular of cattail seeds , are present as components in the reinforcement , the parachutes have stem fibers and lateral fibers branching off therefrom , the lateral fibers of the parachutes are joined to one another by the barley awns , and the proportion by weight of the barley awns is from about 0.1 time to about 2 times , the proportion by weight of the parachutes.2. The reinforcement of claim 1 , wherein the barley awns are present as fragments having a length of from about 2 mm to about 4 cm.3. The reinforcement claim 1 , wherein the stem fibers have a length of about 3 mm and/or the lateral fibers of the parachutes have a length of about 10 mm.4. The reinforcement of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcement is included in a building material.5. The reinforcement of claim 4 , wherein the building material is a render mixture which contains clay.6. The reinforcement of claim 4 , wherein the building material is a mineral render and/or a synthetic resin render.7. The reinforcement of claim 4 , wherein the building material contains leaf particles of ...

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Номер записи: 70
01-03-2018 дата публикации

Process for Producing Humic Acid-Derived Conductive Foams

Номер: US20180057360A1
Автор: Jang Bor Z., Zhamu Aruna
Принадлежит: Nanotek Instruments, Inc.

A process for producing a humic acid (HA)-derived foam, comprising: (a) preparing a HA dispersion having multiple HA molecules and an optional blowing agent dispersed in a liquid medium having a blowing agent-to-HA weight ratio from 0/1.0 to 1.0/1.0; (b) dispensing and depositing the HA dispersion onto a surface of a supporting substrate to form a wet HA layer; (c) partially or completely removing liquid medium from the wet HA layer to form a dried HA layer; and (d) heat treating the dried HA layer at a first heat treatment temperature from 80° C. to 3,200° C. at a desired heating rate sufficient to induce volatile gas molecules from the non-carbon elements or to activate the blowing agent for producing the HA-derived foam. 1. A process for producing a humic acid-derived foam , said process comprising:(a) preparing a humic acid dispersion having multiple humic acid molecules or sheets dispersed in a liquid medium, wherein said humic acid is selected from a group consisting of oxidized humic acid, reduced humic acid, fluorinated humic acid, chlorinated humic acid, brominated humic acid, iodized humic acid, hydrogenated humic acid, nitrogenated humic acid, doped humic acid, chemically functionalized humic acid, and a combination thereof and wherein said dispersion contains an optional blowing agent having a blowing agent-to-humic acid weight ratio from 0/1.0 to 1.0/1.0;(b) dispensing and depositing said humic acid dispersion onto a surface of a supporting substrate to form a wet layer of humic acid;(c) partially or completely removing said liquid medium from the wet layer of humic acid to form a dried layer of humic acid; and{'sub': '002', '(d) heat treating the dried layer of humic acid at a first heat treatment temperature from 80° C. to 3,200° C. at a desired heating rate sufficient to induce volatile gas molecules from said non-carbon elements or to activate said blowing agent for producing said humic acid-derived foam, which is composed of multiple pores and pore ...

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Номер записи: 71
02-03-2017 дата публикации

LOW AROMATIC CONTENT BIO-MASS FILLERS FOR FREE RADICAL AND IONIC CURE THERMOSET POLYMERS

Номер: US20170058125A1
Автор: Mehta Brinda, Pugh Coleen, Watt Paula
Принадлежит:

A filled polymer compositions and methods of preparing filled polymer that include a plant biomass filler a plant biomass with a low aromatic carbon content, and (a thermoset polymer. The plant biomass filler may have a low lignin content or no lignin at all. The filler may also be heat treated to a temperature that provides a plant biomass filler with less than 49% aromatic content. 1. A filled polymer composition comprising:(i) about 15% to about 50% of a plant biomass filler comprising a plant biomass with less than 49% aromatic carbon content; and(ii) about 85% to about 50% of a thermoset polymer.2. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass filler comprises a plant biomass with less than 40% aromatic carbon content.3. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass filler comprises a plant biomass with less than 36% aromatic carbon content.4. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass filler consists of a plant biomass with less than 49% aromatic carbon content.5. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the filled polymer composition includes about 20% to about 50% of a plant biomass filler.6. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass has less than 8% lignin content.7. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass has been processed to reduce the lignin content.8. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the plant biomass is selected from soy claim 1 , sisal claim 1 , and miscanthus.9. The filled polymer composition of claim 1 , where the thermoset polymer is a chain-polymerized thermoset polymer.10. The filled polymer composition of claim 9 , where the chain-polymerized thermoset polymer is selected from free-radical cured and ionically cured systems.11. A composite material comprisinga fiber, particulate filler, or combination thereof, and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the filed polymer composition of .'} ...

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Номер записи: 72
22-05-2014 дата публикации

LIGNOCELLULOSIC ARTICLE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING SAME

Номер: US20140142224A1
Автор: Bouguettaya Mohamed, Schaedler Volker, Tarasiewicz Renee
Принадлежит: BASF SE

A lignocellulosic article comprises a plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and a binding agent disposed on the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces. The binding agent is formed from a high temperature polymerization (HTP) polyol and an isocyanate component. A method of producing the lignocellulosic article is also disclosed. 2. A method as set forth in wherein the binding agent is substantially free of release agents.3. A method as set forth in wherein the step of applying pressure to the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and the binding agent comprises pressing the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and the binding agent with at least one metal plate.4. A method as set forth in wherein the at least one metal plate is substantially free of release agents.5. A method as set forth in wherein the step of applying pressure to the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces and the binding agent comprises applying pressure in an amount of from 50 to 500 psi.6. A method as set forth in wherein the step of mixing the HTP polyol and the isocyanate component comprises mixing the HTP polyol in an amount of from greater than zero to about 15 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the components utilized to form the binding agent prior to reaction.7. A method as set forth in wherein the step of mixing the HTP polyol and the isocyanate component comprises mixing the isocyanate component in an amount of from about 85 to less than 100 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the components utilized to form the binding agent prior to reaction.8. A method as set forth in wherein the plurality of lignocellulosic pieces are present in the lignocellulosic article in an amount of from about 75 to about 99 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the lignocellulosic article.9. A method as set forth in wherein the isocyanate component comprises polymethylene polyphenylpolyisocyanate (pMDI).10. A method as set forth in wherein the step of applying pressure to the plurality ...

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Номер записи: 73
10-03-2016 дата публикации

BOARD COMPRISING BIODEGRADABLE RESIN AND WOODEN FLOUR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME

Номер: US20160068682A1
Автор: Huang Cheng Zhe, Kang Chang Won, LEE Min, LEE Seok Bong
Принадлежит: LG HAUSYS, LTD.

Disclosed herein is a board for building or industry comprising biodegradable resin and wooden flour, which is capable of implementing an excellent physical property and protecting the human body and the environment, and a method of manufacturing the same. A method of manufacturing a board may comprise fabricating wooden flour by pulverizing a raw log or wood chips that are raw materials, inputting biodegradable resin to the wooden flour and fabricating compounds by mulling the biodegradable resin and the wooden flour at high temperature, forming the fabricated compounds in a sheet form through mold forming, and cooling the formed board. Accordingly, there are advantages in that an excellent physical property can be implemented, the human body and the environment can be protected because there is no possibility of environmental pollution when the board is buried due to the biodegradable resin, and a cost related to the disposal of wastes can be reduced. 1. A method of manufacturing a board , comprising:fabricating wooden flour by pulverizing a raw log or wood chips that are raw materials;inputting biodegradable resin to the wooden flour and fabricating compounds by mulling the biodegradable resin and the wooden flour at high temperature;forming the fabricated compounds in a sheet form through mold forming; andcooling the formed board.2. A method of manufacturing a board , comprising:fabricating wooden flour by pulverizing a raw log or wood chips that are raw materials;inputting biodegradable resin to the wooden flour and fabricating compounds by mulling the biodegradable resin and the wooden flour at high temperature;forming the manufactured compounds in a sheet form through calendering; and cooling the formed board.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biodegradable resin comprises any one of or both poly lactic acid (PLA) and poly hydroxy alkanoates (PHA).4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the compounds comprise the wooden flour of 0.1˜80 parts by weight claim 3 ...

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Номер записи: 74
15-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING LIGNOCELLULOSE MATERIALS

Номер: US20180071946A1
Автор: JANITZKI Lukas, LINDNER Jean-Pierre Berkan, Weinkötz Stephan
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a batchwise or continuous process for producing single-layer one multilayer lignocellulosic materials, comprising the process steps of 116-. (canceled)17. A process for batchwise or continuous production of single-layer or multilayer lignocellulosic materials , comprising the process steps of(I) mixing the components of the individual layers,(II) scattering the mixture(s) produced in process step (I) to give a mat,(III) optionally precompacting the scattered mat and(IV) hot-pressing the optionally precompacted mat,which comprises using, in process step (I), for the core of multilayer lignocellulosic materials or for single-layer lignocellulosic materials, a mixture (component A) comprising{'sub': '1', 'a) 50% to 99% by weight of organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups or mixtures thereof and'}{'sub': 2', '4', '15, 'sup': −', '−, 'a) 1% to 50% by weight of organic Cto Ccarboxylic anhydride or mixtures thereof and'}{'sub': '3', 'a) 0% to 30% by weight of auxiliaries or mixtures thereof.'}18. The process for batchwise or continuous production of single-layer or multilayer lignocellulosic materials according to claim 17 , wherein component A) is used in the form of an essentially anhydrous mixture.19. The process for batchwise or continuous production of single-layer or multilayer lignocellulosic materials according to claim 17 , comprising the process steps of(I) mixing the components of the individual layers,(II) scattering the mixture(s) produced in process step (I) to give a mat,(III) optionally precompacting the scattered mat and(IV) hot-pressing the optionally precompacted mat,by mixing, in process step (I), for the core of multilayer lignocellulosic materials or for single-layer lignocellulosic materials, the lignocellulose particles (component LCP-1) with [{'sub': '1', 'a) 50% to 99% by weight of organic isocyanate having at least two isocyanate groups or mixtures thereof,'}, {'sub': 2', '4', '15, 'sup': −', '−, ...

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Номер записи: 75
05-06-2014 дата публикации

SURFACE LAYER

Номер: US20140154502A1
Автор: Abraham Biby E., Allen C. Geoffrey, Birau Mihaela M., Moorlag Carolyn P., Odell Peter G., Toosi Salma F., Vanbesien Daryl W., Wagner Christopher A.
Принадлежит: XEROX CORPORATION

There is described a surface layer or coating of a fluoropolymer. Dispersed in the fluoropolymer is a compound of the formula: 2. The surface layer of claim 1 , wherein the modified carboxy cellulose comprises from about 1 to about 5 weight percent of the surface layer.3. The surface layer of claim 1 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises a fluoroelastomer selected from the group consisting of a) copolymers of two of vinylidenefluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , and tetrafluoroethylene; b) terpolymers of vinylidenefluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , and tetrafluoroethylene; and c) tetrapolymers of vinylidenefluoride claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene claim 1 , tetrafluoroethylene claim 1 , and a cure site monomer.4. The surface layer of claim 1 , wherein the fluoropolymer comprises a fluoroplastic selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); perfluoroalkoxy polymer resin (PFA); copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP); copolymers of hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and vinylidene fluoride (VDF or VF2); terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) claim 1 , vinylidene fluoride (VDF) claim 1 , and hexafluoropropylene (HFP); and tetrapolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) claim 1 , vinylidene fluoride (VF2) claim 1 , hexafluoropropylene (HFP) and a cure site monomer.6. The surface layer of claim 1 , wherein the surface coating further comprises fillers selected from the group consisting of glass flake claim 1 , glass bead claim 1 , glass fiber claim 1 , aluminum silicate claim 1 , zirconium silicate claim 1 , mica claim 1 , metal flake claim 1 , metal fiber claim 1 , fine ceramic powders claim 1 , silicon dioxide claim 1 , barium sulfate claim 1 , talc and pigment.7. A fuser member comprising:a substrate;a functional layer disposed on the substrate; and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a surface layer according to disposed on the functional layer.'}8. The fuser member of wherein the surface ...

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Номер записи: 76
05-03-2020 дата публикации

UNITARY MAT HAVING INCREASED GREEN STRENGTH AND METHOD OF FORMING THE SAME

Номер: US20200071530A1
Автор: Birkeland Michael J.
Принадлежит: SOLENIS TECHNOLOGIES, L.P.

A unitary mat includes a plurality of lignocellulosic particles and an adhesive chosen from an isocyanate, phenol formaldehyde, polyamino amido epichlorohydrin, and combinations thereof. The adhesive is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles. The unitary mat also includes a proteinaceous powder having a protein dispersibility index of from about 1 to about 90 and present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles, and an aqueous diluent present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles. The unitary mat may also have a green strength tack test result of greater than 3 inches. 1. A unitary mat comprising:A. a plurality of lignocellulosic particles;B. an adhesive chosen from an isocyanate, phenol formaldehyde, polyamino amido epichlorohydrin, and combinations thereof and present in an amount of from about 1 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles;C. a proteinaceous powder having a protein dispersibility index of from about 1 to about 90 and present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles; andD. an aqueous diluent present in an amount of from about 0.5 to about 10 percent by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry lignocellulosic particles.2. The unitary mat of wherein said proteinaceous powder is soy flour.3. The unitary mat of wherein said soy flour has a protein dispersibility index of from about 70 to about 90.4. The unitary mat of wherein said proteinaceous powder has a protein dispersibility index of from about 70 to about 90.5. The unitary mat of wherein said proteinaceous powder is chosen from soy flour claim 1 , soy concentrate claim 1 , soy isolate claim 1 , canola flour claim 1 ...

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Номер записи: 77
18-03-2021 дата публикации

SUPERFICIALLY COATED VEGETABLE FIBERS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION, AND USE THEREOF IN THE PRODUCTION OF MANUFACTURED ARTICLES

Номер: US20210079250A1
Автор: CIOLI Marco, DE GASPERINI Vittorio, TAVELLI Giuseppe
Принадлежит:

A process is described for coating the surface of a particulate of natural fibers, such that the resulting fibers can be compacted to form manufactured articles at pressures of an order of magnitude lower than the pressure values currently used for this purpose and at reduced temperatures, or may be incorporated into composites with polymeric materials without the need of using compatibilizing compounds or treatments. 1. A process for superficially coating particles of vegetable fibers to make them mutually adherent and compatible with organic polymers , which includes the steps of:a) preparing a modified starch gel comprising water, a starch, and a salt of a divalent metal selected among the alkaline-earth metals, metals of the first transition series and tin, in which the gel is prepared with a starch amount of between 10 and 50 gr per 100 mL of water and the salt is in a quantity of 0.5 at 20% by weight with respect to starch;b) mixing the starch gel thus obtained to the woody particulate in a weight ratio such that the resulting mixture contains between 85 and 99% by weight of woody particulate with respect to the sum of weights of the dry components only of the composition.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein in step a) a starch amount of between 15 and 40 g per 100 mL of water is used.3. The process according to claim 1 , in which in step a) the salt of the divalent metal is used in an amount from 1 to 15% by weight with respect to the starch.4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the salt of the divalent metal is used in amount from 7 to 8% by weight with respect to the starch.5. The process according to claim 1 , in which the salt of the divalent metal used in step a) is selected among calcium carbonate (CaCO) claim 1 , calcium oxalate (CaCO) claim 1 , calcium phosphate (Ca(PO)) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO).6. The process according to claim 1 , in which step a) is carried out by initially preparing a gel with only starch claim 1 , and ...

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Номер записи: 78
22-03-2018 дата публикации

Foams and Films Using Specialized Lignin

Номер: US20180079871A1
Автор: Tudman Scott
Принадлежит:

This disclosure provides polymer and film derivatives of specialized clean lignin with improved properties. This disclosure also provides methods of making polymer and film derivatives of specialized clean lignin with improved properties. 1. A polyurethane product comprising a polymerization product of an isocyanate and polyols that comprise a lignin product; wherein the polyurethane product has a higher compressive strength than polyurethane made under same conditions except without the lignin product; and wherein the lignin product is a solid residue from a pretreatment and hydrolysis of a biomass , whereby at least 80% of carbohydrates in the biomass are extracted and separated from the solid residue.2. A polyurethane product comprising a polymerization product of an isocyanate and polyols that comprise a lignin product , the lignin product being made by:(a) pretreating a biomass within a pretreatment unit at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a pretreated biomass;(b) hydrolyzing the pretreated biomass to produce soluble carbohydrates and lignin residue; and(c) water washing and drying the lignin residue to produce the lignin product.3. The polyurethane product of or , wherein the lignin product has a carbohydrate content of at most 5% by weight.4. The polyurethane product of any one of - , wherein the lignin product has a sulfur content of at most 0.2% by weight.5. The polyurethane product of any one of - , wherein the lignin product has an ash content of at most 2% by weight.6. The polyurethane product of any one of - , wherein about 1% to about 30% of the polyurethane product by weight is the lignin product.7. The polyurethane product of any one of - , wherein the lignin product is at least 15% of the polyols by weight.8. The polyurethane product of any one of or - , wherein the pretreatment comprises:(i) pretreating the biomass within a pretreatment unit at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a pretreated biomass;(ii) hydrolyzing the ...

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Номер записи: 79
31-03-2022 дата публикации

Processes for producing lignin-coated hydrophobic cellulose, and compositions and products produced therefrom

Номер: US20220098440A1
Автор: Kimberly Nelson, Ryan O&#39;Connor, Theodora Retsina, Vesa Pylkkanen
Принадлежит: Granbio Intellectual Property Holdings LLC

Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.

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Номер записи: 80
31-03-2022 дата публикации

Process for the elaboration of a formulation based on polyurethane and the mucilage of opuntia ficus-indica with applications in the manufacturing of synthetic skin-like flexible coatings

Номер: US20220098789A1
Автор: Adrian Lopez Arriaga Lopez Velarde, Marte Arturo Cazarez Duarte
Принадлежит: Adriano Demarti SA de CV, Adriano Di Marti SA de CV

The present invention refers to a process for the elaboration of a formulation based on polyurethane and mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica with applications in the manufacturing of synthetic skin-like flexible coatings, in combination with textile substrates such as polyester, cotton, polyester and cotton10 or, with polymers such as PVC, polyurethane, among others, independently of whether it is water-based or oil-based, so that the warp of the substrate allows the generation of rolls of the coating for multiple uses and applications such as tapestry, book cover or as a substitute for coating covers for different objects that require a coating providing an external protection; this formulation has multiple applications since it has the advantage of being biodegradable and it lowers the use of contaminating plastics that contaminate the environment

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Номер записи: 81
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Method for Producing a Composite Material

Номер: US20210086396A1
Автор: GÖRDES Martin
Принадлежит:

A method for producing a composite material comprises the following steps: comminuting wood elements into wood fragments; crushing the wood fragments; mixing the wood fragments with an adhesive agent and/or a bonding agent; and pressing the mixture of wood fragments and the adhesive agent and/or bonding agent. 1. A method for producing a composite material , comprising:comminuting wood elements into wood fragments;crushing the wood fragments;mixing the wood fragments with an adhesive agent and/or a bonding agent to form a mixture; andpressing the mixture of wood fragments and the adhesive agent and/or bonding agent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wood elements comprise waste wood claim 1 , recycled wood claim 1 , and/or calamity wood.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wood fragments are heated to at least 56° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wood fragments are heated for at least 30 minutes.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , after crushing claim 1 , the wood fragments are splintered.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein splintered end regions of the wood fragments mesh with one another during the mixing process.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wood fragments are longer than 5 centimeters prior to crushing.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixture is brought into a sawn timber form during the pressing process.9. An apparatus for carrying out the method of .10. A composite material manufactured according to the method of claim 1 , wherein the composite material exhibits a sawn timber form. This application claims foreign priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a)-(d) to Application No. DE 102019125358.6 filed on Sep. 20, 2020, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a composite material.Composite materials comprising wood and an adhesive agent or bonding agent are known from the prior art. In the case of chipboards, several layers of pressed virgin wood chips ...

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Номер записи: 82
02-04-2015 дата публикации

HIGHLY EFFICIENT LIGNIN-BASED WATER-REDUCING AGENT WITH HIGH DEGREE OF SULFONATION AND HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT, AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20150094458A9
Автор: Lou Hongming, Ouyang Xinping, Pang Yuxia, Qiu Xueqing, Yang Dongjie, Yi Conghua
Принадлежит:

This invention discloses a high-performance lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight and its preparation method. This water reducer exhibits an excellent water-reducing performance, its water-reducing rate of this lignin-based water reducer reaches 25% at a dosage of 0.70 wt %, which is higher than that of the naphthalene-based water reducer and the sulfonated lignin water reducer prepared by oxidation and sulfonation of alkali lignin, and 28-days compressive strength ratio of the concrete with this water reducer to the concrete without this water reducer is up to 150:100. Furthermore, the water reducer of present invention will not be crystallized in winter, and the concrete iron won't be corroded. The water reducer of the present invention makes the concretes having a low bleeding rate, excellent properties of workability, anti-freeze and anti-carbonization. 1. A process for preparing a lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight consists of following steps:(1) adding industrial lignin into water, enabling the concentration of said industrial lignin up to 30˜60% by weight, then adjusting the pH of solution to 9-14, and elevating the temperature of said solution to 50-100° C.;(2) adding dihydroxyketone into said industrial lignin solution, and keeping the reaction for 0.5 hour to 2 hours;(3) adding sulfonating agent into the above solution, and keeping the sulfonation reaction at temperature of 80-100° C. for 1 hour to 5 hours;(4) the lignin-based water reducer with high degree of sulfonation and high molecular weight being yielded after the temperature being decreased to room temperature.2. The process according to claim 1 , the ratio of said industrial lignin: said dihydroxyketone: said sulfonating agent is 100:20-50:30-200 by weight.3. The process according to claim 1 , said industrial lignin is one or more agents selected from wood pulp alkali lignin claim 1 , bamboo pulp ...

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Номер записи: 83
30-03-2017 дата публикации

Polyimide substrate and method for preparing the same, and flexible display

Номер: US20170088747A1
Автор: Hua Huang
Принадлежит: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd

The present invention relates to the field of displays and discloses a polyimide substrate, which is manufactured by reacting lignin, polyimide and a free radical initiator. Because lignin contains various active groups, for example, hydroxyl, carboxyl and aryl, etc., when it is introduced into the polymer structure of polyimide, the maximum absorption peak of the polymer can be made to redshift from less than or equal to 280 nm to less than or equal to 380 nm, so that a certain absorption and screening action may be laid on the light wave during a subsequent Laser Lift Off process, and the substrate and the liquid crystal may be prevented from being damaged during a Laser Lift Off process of the glass base substrate, thereby guaranteeing the display quality of the flexible display.

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Номер записи: 84
05-05-2022 дата публикации

MATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR 3D-PRINTING OF PLANT-BASED FIBERS

Номер: US20220135803A1
Автор: Klemmt Christoph
Принадлежит:

The present invention is for a material composition based on plant fibers, which can be used for D-printing at small as well as large scales. The material composition is biodegradable, it is based on renewable ingredients, and it uses little energy for the material production and extrusion processes. The material composition contains plant fiber, which may be wood chips or cellulose, a binder, which may be starch or methyl cellulose, and a solvent, which may be water. The composition may also contain an acid, which may be vinegar, an additive to control the drying speed, and preservatives to prevent microbial growth. The material composition can be D-printed by a robot-controlled extruder, with a width and height of individual layers greater than 10.

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Номер записи: 85
19-03-2020 дата публикации

Methods and Compositions for Hydrodeoxygenation of Carbohydrates and Carbohydrate Analogs

Номер: US20200087234A1
Автор: BARROW ELIZABETH, Lauterbach Jochen, MACQUEEN BLAKE
Принадлежит:

This disclosure provides embodiments directed to compositions, methods, and processes to produce compounds having the structure: 3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative is selected from the group consisting of: an aldose claim 1 , a ketose claim 1 , a sugar alcohol claim 1 , and a sugar acid.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein each of R10-R14 is selected from the group consisting of: a hydroxyl group claim 4 , and a hydrogen.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein each of R10-R14 is a hydroxyl group.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein reacting the precursor with a gas occurs at a reaction temperature between about 100° C. to about 240° C.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the reaction temperature is between about 120° C. to about 200° C.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the reaction temperature is between about 130° C. to about 180° C.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the reaction pressure is between about 4 bar and about 25 bar.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein reacting the precursor with a gas occurs at a catalyst loading between about 1 wt % to about 25 wt %.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst loading is between about 2 wt % and about 6 wt %.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a support impregnated with at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of: Re claim 1 , Os claim 1 , Ir claim 1 , Pt claim 1 , Au claim 1 , Rh claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , and Cu.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the support comprises CeOand wherein claim 13 , the support is impregnated with both Re and Pd.15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated with less than 10 wt % Re and less than 10 wt % Pd.16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated with less than 5 wt % Re and less than 3 wt % Pd.17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gas containing His greater than 90 vol % H.18. A process for converting a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative to a compound ...

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Номер записи: 86
12-04-2018 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPRATUS TO PROCESS CELLULOSE FIBRES

Номер: US20180100110A1
Автор: KOTYK Michael
Принадлежит: ARC APPLIED SCIENCES LTD.

A method to process cellulose fibres, preferably including wood fibres, comprises the steps: Deriving first fibres having a first property from a first raw material comprising cellulose fibres, Milling the first fibres to provide milled fibres, preferably with an average characteristic fibre dimension greater than 100 μm, Drying the first fibres to provide dried fibres having a residual moisture less than 10% by weight, Adding one or more polymers, preferably including Lignin, to the dried fibres to provide a predetermined mixture including a polymer weight fraction of at least 5%, Processing the predetermined mixture to provide granules with an average characteristic granule dimension between 2 to 6 mm. 121. Method to process cellulose fibres () , preferably including wood fibres , comprising the steps:{'b': 22', '21, 'Deriving first fibres () having a first property from a first raw material comprising cellulose fibres (),'}{'b': 2', '22', '23, 'S Milling the first fibres () to provide milled fibres (), preferably with an average characteristic fibre dimension greater than 100 μm,'}{'b': 3', '23', '24, 'S Drying the milled fibres () to provide dried fibres () having a residual moisture less than 10% by weight,'}{'b': 4', '25', '24', '26, 'S Adding one or more polymers (), preferably including Lignin, to the dried fibres () to provide a predetermined mixture () including a polymer weight fraction of at least 5%,'}{'b': 5', '26', '27, 'S Processing the predetermined mixture () to provide granules () with an average characteristic granule dimension between 2 to 6 mm.'}221. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the cellulose fibres () originate from a single species of plants.31229229a. Method according to claim 1 , wherein step S includes: Passing some of the first fibres () through a first dimension sensitive device () and/or retaining some of the first fibres () by a second dimension sensitive device ().41. Method according to claim 1 , wherein step S includes ...

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Номер записи: 87
21-04-2016 дата публикации

Compositions Comprising Lignin

Номер: US20160108182A1
Автор: Kadam Kiran L., KILAMBI Srinivas
Принадлежит:

Compositions comprising lignin and low levels of undesirable impurities, such as compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, or metals, are disclosed. 1. A phenolic resin:wherein at least a portion of said phenolic resin is produced by a reaction with a phenol substitute; lignin; and', 'wherein said phenol substitute is a solid residue remaining after extracting lignocellulosic biomass using a two stage process, said two stage process comprising:', 'a first stage, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass is treated at a temperature of about 130° C. to about 250° C. for about 0.5 min to about 5 hours; and', 'a second stage, wherein solids obtained from said first stage are treated at a temperature of about 250° C. to about 450° C. for about 0.1 sec to about 3 min., 'wherein said phenol substitute comprises2. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin has an average particle size less than about 500 microns.3. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said first stage employs a pressure of about 4 bar to about 100 bar.4. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said second stage employs a pressure of about 40 bar to about 260 bar or about 230 bar to about 300 bar.5. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said phenol substitute comprises less than about 150 mg of sulfur per kg of said lignin.6. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said two stage process employs supercritical water, subcritical water, or near critical water.7. The phenolic resin of claim 6 ,wherein said supercritical water, subcritical water, or near critical water does not comprise acid.8. The phenolic resin of claim 1 ,wherein said lignin is present in said phenol substitute at a level of at least 30% by weight, based on the total weight of said phenol substitute, as measured by pyrolysis molecular beam mass spectrometry; orwherein said lignin is present in said phenol substitute in an amount greater than about 50 wt. %, based on the weight of said phenol substitute, as measured by NREL procedures.9. The ...

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Номер записи: 88
21-04-2016 дата публикации

SUSTAINABLE COMPOSITIONS, RELATED METHODS, AND MEMBERS FORMED THEREFROM

Номер: US20160108243A1
Автор: Bischoff Paul Steven, Deaner Michael James, Effertz Keith James, Gronlund Patrick Jerome, Morelli Larry Michael, Sedivy Matthew John
Принадлежит:

Members including components of windows and doors are formed by a method that includes obtaining a biopolymer and a filler, feeding them into an extruder, controlling at least the temperature of the biopolymer and the filler within the extruder to promote the initiation of nucleation of the biopolymer, extruding the composite through a die of the extruder to form an extruded member and controlling at least the cooling rate of the extruded member after it leaves the die to promote crystallization of the biopolymer. Methods are disclosed for compounding and pelletizing as well as direct extrusion of the composite. In a preferred embodiment, the biopolymer is polylactic acid (PLA) and the filler is wood fiber. In addition, neat PLA formulations are also disclosed. Further, the heat distortion temperature and the hydrolysis resistance of these members are greatly increased through specific processing conditions and the addition of strategic quantities of additives. 1. A method of forming a member comprising the steps of:(a) obtaining a biopolymer and a filler;(b) feeding the biopolymer and the filler to an extruder;(c) controlling at least the temperature of the biopolymer and the filler within the extruder to promote the initiation of nucleation of the biopolymer;(d) forcing the biopolymer and the filler through a die of the extruder to form an extruded member; and(e) controlling at least the cooling rate of the extruded member after it leaves the die to promote crystallization of the biopolymer.2. A method of forming a member as claimed in and wherein the step (b) includes the mixing together of the biopolymer and the filler within the extruder to form the composite.3. A method of forming a member as claimed in and further comprising the step following step (a) of compounding the biopolymer and the filler to form a composite having a predetermined weight percent biopolymer and a predetermined weight percent filler and wherein step (b) comprises feeding the compounded ...

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Номер записи: 89
23-04-2015 дата публикации

THERMOPLASTIC RESIN COMPOSITIONS

Номер: US20150111996A1
Автор: MAEDA Yoshihiro, Okuda Nobuhisa
Принадлежит: TOYOTA SHATAI KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A thermoplastic resin composition that may contain plant fine powders that are kicked up when a plant is pulverized. Such plant fine powders have an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less. Standard deviation of particle diameters are 15 μm or less. Content of the plant fine powders is less than 50 wt %. 1. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising plant fine powders that are kicked up when a plant is pulverized ,wherein the plant fine powders have an average particle diameter of 20 μm or less, and wherein standard deviation of particle diameters are 15 μm or less.2. (canceled)3. The thermoplastic resin composition as defined in claim 1 , wherein content of the plant fine powders is less than 50 wt %.4. An injection-molded article that is formed by injection molding of the thermoplastic rein composition as defined in any one of to .5. A resin molded product comprising:thermoplastic resins,glass fibers, andplant fibers,wherein content of the glass fibers is 1-6 wt %, andwherein the plant fibers have fiber lengths of 0.3 mm or less and content of the plant fibers is 10-40 wt %.6. The resin molded product as defined in claim 5 , wherein the resin molded product is formed by mixing the thermoplastic resins and the plant fibers and then shaping a mixture by injection molding while the glass fibers are mixed therewith without kneading. The present application is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2013/064058, filed May 21, 2013, which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-127782, filed Jun. 5, 2012, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-139401, filed Jun. 21, 2012, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to thermoplastic resin compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to thermoplastic resin compositions that are capable of reducing warpage of an injection-molded article made of the compositions.2. ...

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Номер записи: 90
03-07-2014 дата публикации

COMPOSTABLE AND BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS AND ARTICLES FORMED FROM THEM

Номер: US20140187665A1
Автор: Flaherty Michael John
Принадлежит:

A material comprising a biopolymer blend including a crosslinked mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and a polysaccharide, blended with particles of CaCOthat have been coated with a fatty acid compound; particles of mica; and a cellulose filler; products made from said material; and methods of manufacturing said material and said products. 1. A material comprising a biopolymer blend including a crosslinked mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) and a polysaccharide , blended with particles of CaCOthat have been coated with a fatty acid compound; particles of mica; and a cellulose filler.2. A material according to in which the polysaccharide is starch.3. A material according to in which the starch has been treated to increase its chemical reactivity.4. A material according to in which the cellulose filler includes wood flour.5. A material according to in which the mica is mixed with kaolin clay.6. A material according to in which the polymer blend comprises at least 32% of the material by weight.7. A material according to in which the cellulose filler comprises at 68% of the material by weight.8. (canceled)9. A product that is formed from a material according to .10. A product according to that is a packaging product.11. A product according to that is a disposable food serving product.12. A product according to formed by injection moulding.13. A method of producing a material comprising the steps of:(a) forming a biopolymer blend from a mixture comprising polylactic acid (PLA) and a polysaccharide;{'sub': '3', '(b) admixing the biopolymer blend with particles of CaCOthat have been coated with a fatty acid compound, particles of mica, and a cellulose filler; and'}(c) forming the mixture obtained following step (b) into a coherent mass.14. A method of manufacturing a product claim 9 , the method comprising the steps of:(a) forming a biopolymer blend from a mixture comprising polylactic acid (PLA) and a polysaccharide;{'sub': '3', '(b) admixing the biopolymer blend with ...

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Номер записи: 91
29-04-2021 дата публикации

Bio-Based Hydrophobic Formulations For Use in Engineered Wood Composites

Номер: US20210122923A1
Автор: Marcinko Joseph J.
Принадлежит:

The present invention is directed to a wax substitute composition comprising a vegetable alkyl ester (as exemplified by soybean methyl ester) and a polysiloxane. Such a composition can be then further used to prepare silicone-treated lignocellulose particles for use in preparing a lignocellulose composite product, comprising lignocellulose particles and the wax substitute. The vegetable alkyl ester may also be mixed with a binder resin. Further, the vegetable alkyl ester can be used with a binder resin, and a polysiloxane to prepare lignocellulose composite products. One of the advantages of the vegetable alkyl ester is that it is a good solvent for PMDI and polyurethane polymers along with being a good solvent for functionalized silicones. 1. A wax substitute composition comprising:{'sub': '1-4', '(a) about 5 wt % to about 95 wt % of a vegetable Calkyl ester; and'}(b) about 5 wt % to about 95 wt % of a polysiloxane.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the Calkyl is methyl.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the vegetable methyl ester is selected from the group consisting of avocado methyl ester claim 2 , canola methyl ester claim 2 , coconut methyl ester claim 2 , corn methyl ester claim 2 , cottonseed methyl ester claim 2 , flaxseed methyl ester claim 2 , grape seed methyl ester claim 2 , hemp seed methyl ester claim 2 , linseed methyl ester claim 2 , olive methyl ester claim 2 , palm methyl ester claim 2 , peanut methyl ester claim 2 , safflower methyl ester claim 2 , soybean methyl ester claim 2 , sunflower methyl ester claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the vegetable methyl ester is selected from the group consisting of cottonseed methyl ester claim 2 , corn methyl ester claim 2 , flaxseed methyl ester claim 2 , linseed methyl ester claim 2 , soybean methyl ester claim 2 , sunflower methyl ester claim 2 , and mixtures thereof.5. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the vegetable methyl ester is soybean methyl ester.6. ...

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Номер записи: 92
28-04-2016 дата публикации

SULFATED BETA-O4 LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT LIGNINS

Номер: US20160115280A1
Автор: Desai Umesh R., MEHTA Akul, Thakkar Jay
Принадлежит:

Low molecular weight sulfated beta-O4 lignin (SbO4L) are potent inhibitors of coagulation with high selectivity. 2. A sulfated low molecular weight lignin preparation based on SbO4L structure of wherein n ranges from 4-6.3. A sulfated low molecular weight lignin preparation based on SbO4L structure of wherein n ranges from 5-10.4. A sulfated low molecular weight lignin preparation based on SbO4L structure of wherein n ranges from 10-25.5. A sulfated low molecular weight lignin preparation based on SbO4L structure of wherein n ranges from 15-50.7. A mixture of two or more different sulfated lignin scaffolds claim 1 , each of which is a SbO4L compound as set forth in .8. A lignin containing composition comprising:one or more carriers or matrices; and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'one or more lignins, at least one of which is an SbO4L compound as set forth in .'}9. A method of making an SbO4L compound or mixture of SbO4L compounds as set forth in claim 1 , comprising the steps of:polymerizing at least one monomer to obtain a polymer of having the chemical backbone of an SbO4L compound;reducing the polymer produced in said polymerizing step; andsulfating the reduce polymers produced in said reducing step.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said at least one monomer is ethyl 2-bromo-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-propanoate.11. The method of wherein said at least one monomer is only one monomer.12. A method of preventing or reducing coagulation of blood or plasma claim 1 , comprising the step of adding to the said blood or plasma an SbO4L compound or mixture or composition as set forth in to the said blood or plasma.13. The method of wherein the said step of adding is performed ex vivo.14. The method of wherein the said step of adding is performed in vivo.15. A method of preventing or reducing coagulation of blood or plasma claim 6 , comprising the step of adding to the said blood or plasma an SbO4L compound or mixture or composition as set forth ...

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Номер записи: 93
28-04-2016 дата публикации

LIGNIN PRODUCT AND PROCESS FOR MAKING SAME

Номер: US20160115281A1
Автор: Blackburn John C., Lake Michael A.
Принадлежит:

There is provided a process for recovery of lignin from black liquor that contains either soluble or dispersed lignin, generating a “liquid-lignin” at high yield. Lignin at elevated pH is precipitated by reducing the pH of the black liquor stream with carbon dioxide, at elevated temperature and pressure, creating two bulk fluid phases: a dense liquid-lignin phase and a light lignin-depleted phase. The dense liquid-lignin phase is separated and washed with a strong acid to displace metal cations from the lignin, creating a low-salt, randomly shaped lignin. If needed, especially for lignin recovered from kraft papermaking black-liquor streams, an oxidation step is included to eliminate negative odor for high value green chemistry applications. 1. A process for recovering lignin from a crude lignin-containing waste stream comprising:(a) carbonating said crude lignin-containing waste stream liquor at a temperature and pressure sufficient to neutralize NaOH and other basic components with an amount of carbon dioxide sufficient to reduce the pH to between 9 and 10.5;(b) subjecting said carbonated lignin-containing waste stream to a phase separation wherein a dense liquid-lignin phase is formed, a lignin-depleted liquid phase is formed, and NaOH and other basic components are neutralized;(c) recovering said lignin-depleted liquid phase;(d) removing said dense liquid-lignin phase and neutralized NaOH and other basic components from the bottom of said column and acidifying said dense liquid-lignin phase with sulfuric acid to neutralize residual NaOH and other basic components, thereby generating a granular lignin;(e) recovering the granular lignin.2. The process according to wherein carbonating said crude lignin-containing waste stream at a temperature and pressure sufficient to neutralize NaOH and other basic components contained therein at a temperature between 100° C. and 150° C. and a pressure between about 50 psig and about 200 psig.3. The process according to wherein ...

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Номер записи: 94
28-04-2016 дата публикации

BIOMASS PRETREATMENT PROCESS

Номер: US20160115320A1
Автор: Bonanni Andrea, Cherchi Francesco, COTTI COMETTINI Marco, Ferrero Simone, Garbero Mirko, Ottonello Piero, Torre Paolo
Принадлежит: Beta Renewables S.p.A.

The process for the treatment of ligno-cellulosic biomass comprises the steps of: 1. A composition of ligno-cellulosic biomass comprising a solid , a liquid , furfural , an amount of C5's based upon the amount of arabinan and xylan and the monomers , dimers , oligomers and polymers of arabinose and xylose in the liquid and solid of the composition , an amount of C6's based upon the glucan content which includes the monomers , dimers , oligomers and polymers of glucan in the liquid and solid of the composition and wherein the ratio of the amount of C5's to the amount of C6's is less than 0.50 or 0.44 and the ratio of the amount of the furfural to the amount of C5's and C6's added together is less than a number selected from the group consisting of 0.0060 , 0.0050 , 0.0040 , 0.0030 , 0.0020 , 0.0010 , and 0.0009.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the solids in the composition by percent weight of the composition are in a range selected from the group consisting of 11 to 99 claim 1 , 14 to 99 claim 1 , 16 to 99 claim 1 , 19 to 99 claim 1 , 21 to 99 claim 1 , 24 to 99 claim 1 , 26 to 99 claim 1 , 29 to 99 claim 1 , 31 to 99 claim 1 , 36 to 99 claim 1 , and 41 to 99.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the solids in the composition are in the range of 3 to 85% by weight of the composition.4. A composition of ligno-cellulosic biomass comprising a solid claim 1 , a liquid claim 1 , furfural claim 1 , an amount of C5's based upon the amount of arabinan and xylan and the monomers claim 1 , dimers claim 1 , oligomers and polymers of arabinose and xylose in the liquid and solid of the composition claim 1 , an amount of C6's based upon the glucan content which includes the monomers claim 1 , dimers claim 1 , oligomers and polymers of glucan in the liquid and solid of the composition wherein the ratio of the amount of C5's to the amount of C6's is greater than 0.50 and the ratio of the amount of the furfural to the amount of C5's and C6's ...

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Номер записи: 95
10-07-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF LIGNIN-CONTAINING PRECURSOR FIBRES AND ALSO CARBON FIBRES

Номер: US20140194603A1
Автор: Ebeling Horst, Fink Hans-Peter, Lehmann André
Принадлежит: STORA ENSO OYJ

The invention relates to a method for the production of a precursor for the production of carbon- and activated carbon fibres according to the wet- or air-gap spinning method, in which a solution of lignin and a fibre-forming polymer in a suitable solvent is extruded through the holes of a spinning nozzle into a coagulation bath, the formed thread is stretched and subsequently treated, dried at an elevated temperature and then wound up. The lignin-containing thread is an economical starting material for the production of carbon- and activated carbon fibres. 1. A method for the production of a lignin-containing precursor fibre for the production of carbon fibres and/or activated carbon fibres , comprisinga) forming a solution, comprising at least one sort of lignin and also at least one fibre-forming polymer selected from the group consisting of cellulose or cellulose derivatives in at least one solvent, selected from the group consisting of tertiary amine oxides, ionic liquids, aprotic polar solvents, dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide, and mixtures thereof, andb) transferring the solution into a coagulation bath by extruding the solution through a spinning nozzle by a wet spinning or an air-gap spinning method, the lignin-containing precursor fibre precipitating.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the solution formed in step a) is produced by agitation or kneading of the at least one sort of lignin and also of the at least one fibre-forming polymer in the at least one solvent claim 1 , at temperatures of 60° C. or more.3. The method according claim 1 , wherein the solution is filtered before introduction into the coagulation bath.4. The method according to wherein the spinning nozzle has a spinning hole diameter from 50 to 600 pm.5. The method according to wherein the transferring step is performed by the wet spinning or the air-gap spinning method claim 4 , wherein there is an air gap of at least 10 mm and at most 500 mm.6. The method according to ...

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Номер записи: 96
18-04-2019 дата публикации

NEW POLYESTER AND COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING IT

Номер: US20190112418A1
Автор: Bastioli Catia, Capuzzi Luigi, MILIZIA Tiziana, RALLIS Angelos, Vallero Roberto
Принадлежит:

This invention relates to a new polyester which is particularly suitable for use in the manufacture of mass-produced articles characterised by excellent mechanical properties, in particular high tensile strength and tensile modulus, associated with a high barrier property against oxygen and carbon dioxide. 1. A polyester comprising: a1) 99-85% in moles of units deriving from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof;', 'a2) 1-15% in moles of units deriving from at least one saturated dicarboxylic acid selected from the group comprising adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, brassylic acid or an ester or derivative thereof;, 'a) a dicarboxylic component comprising with respect to the total dicarboxylic component b1) 95-100% in moles of units deriving from 1,2-ethanediol;', 'b2) 0-5% in moles of units deriving from at least one saturated aliphatic diol which is not 1,2-ethanediol;', 'b3) 0-5% in moles of units deriving from at least one unsaturated aliphatic diol., 'b) a diol component comprising with respect to the total diol component2. The polyester according to claim 1 , wherein said dicarboxylic component a) comprises also:a3) 0-10% by moles of units deriving from at least one aliphatic saturated dicarboxylic acid which is not the saturated dicarboxylic acid in component a2).3. The polyester according to claim 1 , wherein said dicarboxylic component a) comprises also:a4) 0-5% by moles of units deriving from at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof.4. The polyester according to claim 2 , in which the said saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (component a3) is selected from saturated CCdicarboxylic acids claim 2 , their C-Calkyl esters claim 2 , their salts and their mixtures.5. The polyester according to claim 1 , in which the said saturated dicarboxylic acid in component a2 is azelaic acid.6. The polyester according to claim 2 , in which the said dicarboxylic acid in component a3 is selected from the group consisting of ...

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Номер записи: 97
13-05-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE, LIGNOCELLULOSIC SUGARS, LIGNOSULFONATE, AND ETHANOL

Номер: US20210139519A1
Автор: Iakovlev Mikhail, Natsi Eleni, Papaioannou Myrto, RETSINA Theodora, van Heiningen Adriaan
Принадлежит: American Process International LLC

A process for the production of cellulose, lignocellulosic sugars, lignosulfonate, and ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass. The process comprises steaming, pretreatment, chemical recovery, saccharification, and optionally fermentation. The pretreatment conditions use only sulfur dioxide and water, simultaneously resulting in high glucan conversion to glucose at low enzyme charges, high recovery of hemicellulose-derived monomeric sugars, high lignosulfonate yield, and the absence of lignin precipitates. High-yield production of ethanol through fermentation can be obtained using this process. 1. A process for producing cellulose , lignocellulosic sugars , lignosulfonate , and ethanol , from lignocellulosic biomass comprising:(a) contacting lignocellulosic biomass in a first container with steam, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass absorbs water from the steam, thereby removing air from the lignocellulosic biomass;(b) contacting the steamed lignocellulosic biomass in a second container with a pretreatment composition comprising sulfur dioxide and water at a temperature between 125° C. and 133° C. under pressure for 20-90 minutes to generate pretreated material;wherein the pretreatment composition comprises 15-40 wt. % sulfur dioxide and 60-85 wt. % water based on the combined weight of sulfur dioxide and water (including water from the steamed lignocellulosic biomass), and the ratio of pretreatment composition to lignocellulosic biomass dry weight is from about 1 to 8 kg/kg (including water from the steamed lignocellulosic biomass in the mass of the pretreatment composition);thereby releasing and/or dissolving lignin and hemicellulose from the lignocellulosic biomass into the pretreatment composition and leaving a solid fraction comprising cellulose, wherein the cellulose yield is about 87 wt. % to about 97 wt. % based on the amount of cellulose in the lignocellulosic biomass;wherein 75-100% of the lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass is sulfonated to produce ...

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Номер записи: 98
18-04-2019 дата публикации

Wheat straw fiber brake friction material production process

Номер: US20190113093A1
Автор: Xiong Wanjun
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides straw fiber brake friction material production process including wheat straw removal. After the impurities, cut into the first preset length of the broken straw, and the broken straw cooking fat after drying. The dried chopped straw first preset length cut into second preset length broken straw, the first preset length is larger than the second preset length; second preset crushed straw immersion length of the glue pool. Dipping 0.5-1.5 hours, the ingredients of high-speed mixer to stir for 20-40 minutes, until completely fusion. After the release of barrel formation of wheat straw fiber brake friction material. The embodiment of the invention of wheat straw fiber production process of car plate friction material has produced advantages for brake pad friction material low noise and good performance. 1. A method for producing a friction material for a straw stove fiber brake pad , comprising the steps of:removing the impurity from the barley stem, cutting the first preset length of the shredded bar, and dividing the crumb rods are boiled and dried;cutting the shredded first predetermined length of the shank bar into a second preset length of crumbs;a first preset length greater than a second preset length;the second preset length of the broken orange rod is immersed in the gel pool for 0.5-1.5 hours,the percentage of mass percentage of each substance is: liquid resin glue 60%, magnesium oxide 10%, Dingqing plastic 5% purity of more than 90% of alcohol 20%, other catalyst 5%, the temperature of the gel pool at 50-70 degrees Celsius;the second preset length of the shredded bar after drying is reinforced and reinforced, according to the second preset length 10;35% of the shredded bar, 7% of the phenolic resin, 19% of the building filler, 20% of the friction material, 0.5% Pyrite, 0.5% carbon black, 1% alumina, 40 brass powder 7%, 10% by mass of the reinforcing material, the number of mixing and stirring in the high-speed mixer for 20-40 ...

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Номер записи: 99
13-05-2021 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOPRODUCTS FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20210139653A1
Автор: Iakovlev Mikhail, Natsi Eleni, Papaioannou Myrto, RETSINA Theodora, van Heiningen Adriaan
Принадлежит: American Process International LLC

A process for the production of ethoxylated and hydroxylated lignin fractions, cellulose, lignocellulosic sugars, and ethanol in high yields is provided. The process comprises steaming, pretreatment, chemical recovery, saccharification, and optionally fermentation. A combination of pretreatment conditions is provided resulting in simultaneously high yields of ethoxylated or hydroxylated lignin and cellulose or cellulosic sugars and hernicellulosic sugars. High yield production of ethanol through fermentation can be obtained using this process. 1. A process for the production of ethoxylated and hydroxylated lignin fractions , cellulose , lignocellulosic sugars , and ethanol , in high yields , comprising:(a) contacting lignocellulosic biomass with steam in a first container, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass absorbs water from the steam, removing air and optionally turpentine from the lignocellulosic biomass;(b) contacting the steamed lignocellulosic biomass in a second container with a pretreatment liquor at a temperature between about 145° C. and about 165° C. under pressure for 20-120 minutes;wherein the pretreatment liquor comprises 6-8 weight % sulfur dioxide, 30-60 weight % ethanol, and 32-64 weight % water (including water from the steamed lignocellulosic biomass), and the ratio of pretreatment liquor to lignocellulosic biomass, based on dry weight of the lignocellulosic biomass, is about 2.5 to 4 kg/kg (including water from the steamed lignocellulosic biomass in the mass of the pretreatment liquor);thereby releasing and/or dissolving lignin and hemicellulose from the lignocellulosic biomass into the pretreatment liquor, resulting in a mixture comprising lignin and hemicellulose dissolved in the pretreatment liquor and a solid fraction comprising mainly cellulose from the lignocellulosic biomass, which mixture is referred to as the pretreated material;wherein about 10-40% of the lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass is sulfonated to produce lignosulfonic ...

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Номер записи: 100