КОРПУС РЕАКТОРА ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ С ВНУТРЕННЕЙ СТЕНКОЙ ИЗ МНОЖЕСТВА ТРУБОК, И СОДЕРЖАЩИЙ НЕСКОЛЬКО ГОРЕЛОК

FIELD: power engineering. SUBSTANCE: process of hydrocarbon materials gasification is carried out in a reactor vessel 1. In the upper half of the vessel there is a combustion chamber 6. In the lower part of the combustion chamber 6 there is an outlet hole 7 for produced gas. The burner 2 is equipped with supplying pipelines for oxidizing gas and hydrocarbon materials. In the lower part of the gasification reactor vessel 1 there is a hole 28 to discharge slag. Between the wall of the combustion chamber 8 and the vessel wall 1 there is a circular space 21. The combustion chamber wall 8 represents a structure of communicating pipes 10. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to use materials with low ash content. 12 cl, 4 dwg

СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЯ В НЕДРАХ ЗЕМЛИ

Изобретение относится к технологиям подземной газификации угольных пластов посредством преобразования угля на месте его залегания в горючий газ, который в качестве топлива может использоваться в энергоустановках разного типа. Способ включает бурение дутьевой и газоотводящей скважин, установку колонн труб, соединение скважин по угольному пласту гидроразрывом, заполнение образованного канала катализатором, осуществление розжига угольного пласта с нагревом его до температур 300-500 °С, подачу в канал перегретого водяного пара той же температуры, отвод через газоотводящую скважину горючего газа. При этом операции гидроразрыва и заполнения канала катализатором совмещают посредством использования в качестве материала проппанта катализатора на базе оксидов железа. Технический результат заключается в ускоренном процессе газификации угля в недрах земли при одновременном снижении стоимости получаемого горючего газа. 2 з.п. ф-лы.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ТОПЛИВА

Изобретение относится к области получения газообразного топлива из древесного сырья и может быть использовано для получения тепла, электроэнергии и жидкого топлива. Способ получения газообразного топлива ведут путем газификации древесного сырья при температуре 900-1100°С водяным паром, при нагреве древесины в течение 9-35 минут и расходе водяного пара не менее 0,7 кг на 1 кг абсолютно сухой древесины. Способ позволяет получить горючий газ с теплотворной способностью 11-12 МДж/м3 и энерговыходом не менее 80% от теплотворной способности исходной древесины. 1 табл.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИЛОВОГО ГЕНЕРАТОРНОГО ГАЗА И УСТРОЙСТВО ГАЗОГЕНЕРАТОРА ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ получения силового генераторного газа, заключающийся в термохимическом процессе превращения твердого топлива в горючие элементы: углерод (С), водород (Н), окисление углерода (С) в окись углерода (СО), в присутствии водяного пара, с разложением водяного пара на водород (Н) и кислород (О), в результате чего получаются горючие газы (СО), (СмНn), (H2), в газогенераторе - герметичной емкости, с излучателем тепловой энергии и камерой насыщения, отличающийся тем, что термохимическое превращение твердого топлива в горючие элементы: углерод (С), водород (Н), окисление углерода (С) в окись углерода (СО), в присутствии водяного пара, с разложением водяного пара на водород (Н) и кислород (О), в результате чего получаются горючие газы (СО), (СмНn), (Н2), проводят методом подачи твердого топлива на поверхность излучателя тепловой энергии, при этом, полное окисление углерода (С) в окись углерода (СО), с разложением водяного пара на водород (Н) и кислород (О) и получением горючих газов, проводят ...

Способ производства горючих газов и газов для синтеза из твердых топлив

Непрерывный способ газификации сланцев

Verfahren zur luftgeblasenen Vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen

GASIFICATION OF SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

... 1437845 Gasification of solid carbonaceous material CHEVRON RESEARCH CO 27 March 1974 13674/74 Heading C5E A combustible gas is produced by heating and reacting solid carbonaceous material with reactive gases in a gasification zone to obtain the combustible gases and withdrawing the combustible gases from the gasification zone, the gasification zone being essentially free of molecular oxygen and the heating being to a gasification temperature; partially or wholly burning a portion of the combustible gases in a recycle gas combustion zone to obtain hot recycle gases essentially free of molecular oxygen; and passing the hot recycle gases into the gasification zone to supply the heating and the reactive gases for the reaction with the material. The temperature in the gasification zone is maintained below the fusion temperature of the ash formed in that zone. At least a portion of the combustible gases withdrawn from the gasification zone are cooled, e.g. from 600‹ F. to between 350‹ and 450 ...

Gasifier plant

In gasifier plant, the exhaust gas from a thermodynamic engine (2) (for example a diesel engine, a gas turbine or a Stirling engine) is utilised as a source of carbon dioxide and steam for a gasifier (1). In the gasifier, the carbon dioxide and steam react with carbonaceous material such as coal or domestic or industrial waste to generate a fuel gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This fuel gas may be used as feedstock for a process plant or used as fuel in the thermodynamic engine. Thus coal and other solid biomass may in effect be used as fuel in (for example) an internal combustion engine. ...

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

Novel compounds active as muscarinic receptor antagonists.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE INDIRECT GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS USING WATER VAPOR

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

Novel compounds active as muscarinic receptor antagonists.

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

A two-stage high-temperature preheated steam gasifier.

Novel compounds active as muscarinic receptor antagonists.

DIRECT CURRENT PIT REACTOR

Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse (5) bei dem der Biomasse (5) in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) deren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt reduziert und weiters beim Trocknungsvorgang aus der Biomasse (5) Ammoniak (NH3) freigesetzt wird. Die getrocknete Biomasse (5) wird nachfolgend in einem Pyrolyse-Reaktor (2) pyrolysiert und das Pyrolysegas an eine Brennvorrichtung (3) weitergeleitet und in dieser zu Rauchgas verbrannt, welches einer Zumischvorrichtung (9) zugeleitet wird. Dem Rauchgas wird in der Zumischvorrichtung (9) Sauerstoff (O2) zudosiert und als Trocknungsgas der Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) direkt zugeleitet. Beim Hindurchleiten des Trocknungsgases durch die Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) reagiert das im Trocknungsgas enthaltene Schwefeldioxid (SO2) und/oder das Schwefeltrioxid (SO3) mit dem Ammoniak (NH3) chemisch zu Ammoniumsulfit ((NH4)2SO3) und/oder Ammoniumsulfat ((NH4)2SO4).

Anlage zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen

Bei einer Anlage (1) zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen mit einem Pyrolysereaktor (2) und einem Gasmotor (6), wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (65) des Gasmotors (6) mit einem Eingang (71) einer Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) verbunden ist, und dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (75) der Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) mit wenigstens einem Heizgas-Eingang (23) des Pyrolysereaktors (2) verbunden ist.

Process and apparatus for fixed bed coal gasification

Verfahren und Anlage zur Erzeugung von Leuchtgas durch Destillation von Steinkohlen.

Beheizungsverfahren für Generatoröfen.

Procedure and system for the transformation of organic materials in gas and coal.

È descritto un procedimento e un impianto per la trasformazione di materiali organici in gas e carbone, nel quale i detti materiali organici vengono sottoposti ad un riscaldamento a prefissate temperature entro un reattore (2) di pirolisi, nel procedimento dell'invenzione il detto reattore (2) viene riscaldato facendolo lambire dei fumi prodotti dalla post-combustione di almeno una parte del carbone in esso prodotto il quale, dopo esserne stato rimosso, viene in parte gassificato ed in parte post-combusto mediante l'insufflamento in esso di un gas comburente onde fargli generare i detti fumi.

Procedure and system for the transformation of combustible materials in gasgas cleaned up free from tars.

Impianto per la trasformazione di materiali combustibili in gas pulito esente da catrami, il detto impianto comprendendo: un reattore di pirolisi (20) atto ad essere alimentato su di un suo ingresso (40) mediante detti materiali combustibili, il detto reattore di pirolisi (20) essendo almeno parzialmente installato in una prima camera (30) termoisolata ed essendo lambito in uso da gas di combustione di gas di pirolisi prodotti dal detto reattore di pirolisi (20), ed in cui il detto reattore di pirolisi (20) produce in uscita del carbone; una camera di generazione di flussi (140) sottostante la detta prima camera (30) termoisolata e con essa comunicante, in cui la detta camera di generazione di flussi (140) presenta ugelli d’ingresso (220) alimentati con gas di pirolisi prodotti dal detto reattore di pirolisi (20); una unità di decarburazione anossica (100) avente primi mezzi di ingresso (80) alimentati con il detto carbone prodotto in uscita dal detto rettore di pirolisi (20) ed avente ...

IMPROVEMENT OF PROCESSING WASTE

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО СЫРЬЯ

Способ конверсии углеродсодержащего сырья в топливо включает стадии газификации углеродсодержащего сырья (2) в газогенераторе (1), очистки синтез-газа, образующегося при газификации, изменения температуры синтез-газа, конверсии синтез-газа в жидкое топливо с помощью каталитической химической реакции. Нагретый водяной пар (3) подают в газогенератор (1) и используют для газификации. Газификация является аллотермической. В качестве газифицирующего агента и теплоносителя применяют нагретый до температуры выше водяной пар (3). В газогенератор может подаваться дополнительная газообразная среда отдельно от нагретого водяного пара. Остаточные загрязнители, получаемые во время газификации, подают назад в газификатор (1). Устройство (35) для конверсии углеродсодержащего сырья в жидкое топливо содержит газогенератор (1), как минимум, один блок очистки (4,5) для очистки синтез-газа, получаемого в процессе газификации, как минимум, один блок (7,8,10) регулирования температуры для изменения температуры ...

СПОСІБ ОДЕРЖАННЯ ГАЗУ ДЛЯ ВИРОБНИЦТВА РІДКИХ ВУГЛЕВОДНІВ

Спосіб одержання газу для виробництва рідких вуглеводнів, наприклад дизельного палива із сировини, що містить вуглець, переважно із торфу. Спосіб включає сушіння сировини, що містить вуглець, із наступним її піролізом у реакторі без доступу повітря з використанням нагрітого газу, як носія тепла. Піроліз сировини, що містить вуглець, ведуть у висхідному вихровому потоці газу - носія тепла. Як носій тепла, використовують частину газу, що отримано в процесі піролізу і який пройшов очищення від золи, що містить твердий вуглецевий залишок, який направляють на газифікацію. Сушіння здійснюють у висхідному вихровому потоці газу - носія тепла при температурі 200-2200 , а піроліз - при температурі 830-9300 . Газифікацію твердого вуглецевого залишку проводять пропусканням через нього перегрітої водяної пари.

Bituminous coal fixed bed continuous gasification method

The invention discloses a bituminous coal fixed bed continuous gasification method, which adopts bituminous coal (lump coal or pulverized coal) as raw materials, and adopts enriched oxygen (or pure oxygen) and steam as gasification agent; and a first gasification furnace and a second gasification furnace of a fixed-bed gasification furnace are used for continuous gasification alternately in a forward direction and a reverse direction. According to the bituminous coal fixed bed continuous gasification method, the contents of tar and organic components in synthesis gas are effectively reduced, the steam decomposition rate and effective gas components in coal gas are improved, the production cost is reduced, the environment pollution is reduced, and the long-time stable operation is realized.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WASTE SYNTHETIC RESIN INTO OIL

PURPOSE: An apparatus for producing waste synthetic resin into oil is provided to improve the productivity of oil by reducing chlorine gas generated during the melting of the waste synthetic resin into calcium chloride and cooling cracking gas at the same time. CONSTITUTION: The waste synthetic resin input through a hopper(2) by a conveyor(1) is transferred to a solution tank(4) with a screw(301) in an extruder(3), and then the molten synthetic resin is transferred to an electrolysis tank(5) with a screw(401), in which the molten synthetic resin is heated by a hot wind generator(7) with being moved along an inclined guide tube(6). A sludge tank(8) and a gas discharge tube(6-1) are fixed at the end of the inclined guide tube, and the gas discharge tube is connected to a condenser(9) connected with an oil tank(10). The solution tank is connected with a dechlorine neutralizer(11) in order to reduce chlorine gas generated during the melting of the waste synthetic resin into calcium chloride ...

Process for gasification of carbonaceous material

A process of tar destruction in gasification of carbonaceous material comprising providing a mixture of finely divided calcium compound of a particle size smaller than 65 mesh and finely divided carbonaceous material of a particle size smaller than 65 mesh, the calcium compound to carbonaceous material ratio being from about 0.5 to 1.0 and contacting the mixture with CO2 and tar exothermally whereby the tar is destroyed.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF REFINERY SLUDGE

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF REFINERY SLUDGE

Комплекс для переработки твердых органических отходов

Изобретение раскрывает комплекс для переработки твердых органических отходов деревообрабатывающей промышленности посредством их паровой плазменной газификации с получением синтез-газа, включающий блок предварительной подготовки и подачи сырья, блок плазменной обработки, блок теплообменного оборудования, блоки генерации тепловой и электрической энергии, блок управления, характеризующийся тем, что блок предварительной подготовки и подачи сырья содержит устройства для предварительной осушки, измельчения и дозированной подачи сырья с размером частиц 10-20 мм, блок плазменной обработки содержит плазменный реактор газификации сырья, в котором имеется электрохимический источник высокотемпературной плазмы и реакционная зона для проведения химической реакции образования синтез-газа при температуре 1600-2000°С, блок теплообменного оборудования содержит колонну, обеспечивающую охлаждение синтез-газа за счет контактного теплообмена с теплоносителем, и систему теплообменников рекуперации тепла для осуществления возможности осушки сырья в блоке предварительной подготовки и подачи сырья, блок подготовки синтез-газа содержит сепаратор для отделения конденсированного шлака, смолы, растворов оксидов щелочных металлов и части кислотных газов от образованного синтез-газа, а также узел фильтров, обеспечивающих очистку и осушку синтез-газа, блок генерации тепловой энергии включает работающие на синтез-газе газовые котлы, блок генерации электроэнергии включает работающие на синтез-газе поршневые и/или турбинные электрогенераторы, а блок управления выполнен с возможностью автоматизированного управления алгоритмами запуска, вывода на режим, регулирования, выключения комплекса, а также противопожарного и экологического мониторинга. Технический результат заключается в минимизации вредных выбросов в окружающую среду. 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 741 004 C1 (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/06 (2006.01) C10J 3/14 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ ИЗ ГАЗООБРАЗНЫХ ПРОДУКТОВ ПЛАЗМЕННОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ТВЕРДЫХ ОТХОДОВ (ВАРИАНТЫ)

... 1. Способ получения углеводородов из газообразных продуктов плазменной переработки твердых отходов, по которому с помощью одного или нескольких плазмотронов осуществляют плазменный пиролиз отходов с получением шлака и пирогаза, очищают пирогаз от твердых частиц, смолы и газообразных примесей, затем нагретый за счет тепла исходного потока пирогаза очищенный пирогаз разделяют на два потока, первый поток очищенного пирогаза последовательно направляют в газотурбинную установку, оснащенную электрогенератором и вырабатывающую электроэнергию, затем в котел-утилизатор, вырабатывающий перегретый водяной пар, второй поток очищенного пирогаза последовательно направляют на стадию очистки от диоксида углерода и на стадию получения углеводородов с использованием процесса Фишера-Тропша, затем разделяют углеводороды на метан, легкие углеводородные фракции, керосин и дизельное топливо, подают выделенный метан двумя отдельными потоками на стадию парового риформинга и на стадию углекислотного риформинга с ...

СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Назначение: изобретение относится к процессам преобразования твердого углеродистого топлива путем воздействия на него газифицирующих реагентов и может быть использовано, например, при газификации угля с получением смеси различных газов. Сущность: способ газификации твердого топлива заключается в подаче в сосуд высокого давления твердого топлива и взаимодействующих с ним газифицирующих реагентов и удалении из сосуда летучих газов и выброса твердых фракций, при этом перед подачей осуществляют пиролиз твердого топлива без возгонки в пиролизаторе, связанном с сосудом высокого давления, а взаимодействие газифицирующих реагентов и обрабатываемого топлива осуществляют с осаждением твердых фракций на размещенной внутри сосуда высокого давления вращающейся решетке, посредством которой их удаляют из сосуда. Устройство для газификации твердого топлива включает в себя сосуд высокого давления, с которым связаны источник подачи твердого топлива, трубопроводы газообразного топлива, подачи газифицирующих ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НЕПРЯМОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ БИОМАССЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ВОДЯНОГО ПАРА

... 1. Способ газификации биомассы с использованием водяного пара, в котором используется высокотемпературный перегретый водяной пар в качестве окислителя и энергоносителя с преобразованием биомассы в неочищенный синтетический газ в газификаторе, резким охлаждением неочищенного синтетического газа в распылительной башне и получением в результате чистого синтетического газа, включающий:a) измельчение биомассы, подачу биомассы в газификатор с одновременным распылением высокотемпературного перегретого водяного пара в газификаторе, регулирование газификатора в интервале рабочей температуры 1200-1600°C, полное контактирование биомассы с высокотемпературным перегретым водяным паром с осушкой, отделением летучих веществ, пиролизом, газификацией и получением неочищенного синтетического газа и золы;b) подачу неочищенного синтетического газа в распылительную башню, резкое охлаждение неочищенного синтетического газа распыленной водой с охлаждением неочищенного синтетического газа до температуры 650-800 ...

Метод осуществления химической реакции между твердыми и газообразными реагентами

Способ получения светильного и отопительного газа

Способ швелевания сланца и других твердых горючих

Methode zum Vergasen von organischer Materie

Anlage zum Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen

Bei einer Anlage (1) zum ·Vergasen von stückigen Brennstoffen mit einem Pyrolysereaktor (2) und einem Gasmotor (6), wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein Abgas­ Ausgang (65) des Gasmotors (6) mit einem Eingang (71) einer Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) verbunden ist, und dass ein Abgas-Ausgang (75) der Nachverbrennungsbrennkammer (7) mit wenigstens einem Heizgas-Eingang (23) des Pyrolysereaktors (2) verbunden ist.

A method for processing condensed fuel by means of gasification

PRODUCING GAS AND COKE POWDER BY RAPIDLY DEGASSING POWDERED COAL

Gasifying process using superheated steam

Waste treatment equipment

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUEL GAS FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL CAPABLE OF SELF-SUSTAINING OPERATION

A TWO-STAGE HIGH-TEMPERATURE PREHEATED STEAM GASIFIER

A gasifier is disclosed combing two reactors using externally generated preheated high temperature steam injection into the first reactor, where the heating demand for gasification is supplied by the sensible energy from the steam. The gasifier can produce a medium and higher LCV syngas. The first reactor is a fixed bed gasification section where the coarse feedstock is gasified, and the second reactor is an entrained-bed gasification section where the liquid and fine feedstock is gasified. Solid coarse feedstock is devolatilized in the first fixed bed reactor of the gasifier by means of high-temperature steam, and subsequently, in the second reactor subjected to a higher temperature sufficient to crack and destroy tars and oils. Activated carbon may be formed as co-product. The gasifier may be used with various solid and liquid feedstocks. The gasifier is capable of gasifying such different feedstocks simultaneously.

METHOD AND APPARATUS TO TRANSPORT SOLIDS

A solids transport system (211) is configured to convey solids at a predetermined temperature. The solids transport system includes at least one conduit (206/213) coupled in flow communication to a conveying fluid source. The system also includes a plurality of steam heating devices (524/526/528) coupled together in flow communication by the at least one conduit (530/532).

ДВУХСТАДИЙНЫЙ ГАЗИФИКАТОР С ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫМ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНО НАГРЕТЫМ ПАРОМ

Описан газификатор, объединяющий в себе два реактора, в котором используют введение генерируемого извне предварительно нагретого высокотемпературного пара в первый реактор, где нагрев, необходимый для газификации, обеспечивают посредством удельной тепловой энергии пара. Газификатор может обеспечивать получение синтез-газа с умеренной и более высокой низшей теплотворной способностью (НТС). Первый реактор представляет собой секцию газификации с неподвижным слоем, где газифицируют крупнозернистое сырье, а второй реактор представляет собой секцию газификации в потоке, в которой газифицируют жидкое и мелкозернистое сырье. В первом реакторе газификатора с неподвижным слоем из твердого крупнозернистого сырья удаляют летучие вещества посредством высокотемпературного пара и впоследствии во втором реакторе подвергают воздействию более высокой температуры, достаточной для крекинга и разрушения смол и масел. В качестве побочного продукта может образовываться активированный уголь. Газификатор можно ...

GAS GENERATOR FOR GENERATION OF FUEL GAS AND METHOD OF ITS OPERATION

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО СЫРЬЯ

Изобретение относится к способу и устройству (35) для конверсии углеродсодержащего сырья, в частности биомассы, в топливо. Согласно этому способу вначале в газогенераторе (1) с применением нагретого водяного пара (3) осуществляют аллотермическую газификацию сырья. После очистки синтез-газа, образующегося в процессе газификации и охлаждения синтез-газа, синтез-газ конвертируют в жидкое топливо, применяя катализируемую химическую реакцию. Согласно изобретению нагретый водяной пар с температурой выше 1000°С применяют как в качестве газифицирующего агента, так и в качестве теплоносителя для газификации.

ДВУХСТАДИЙНЫЙ ГАЗИФИКАТОР С ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫМ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНО НАГРЕТЫМ ПАРОМ

Описан газификатор, объединяющий в себе два реактора, в котором используют введение генерируемого извне предварительно нагретого высокотемпературного пара в первый реактор, где нагрев, необходимый для газификации, обеспечивают посредством удельной тепловой энергии пара. Газификатор может обеспечивать получение синтез-газа с умеренной и более высокой низшей теплотворной способностью (НТС). Первый реактор представляет собой секцию газификации с неподвижным слоем, где газифицируют крупнозернистое сырье, а второй реактор представляет собой секцию газификации в потоке, в которой газифицируют жидкое и мелкозернистое сырье. В первом реакторе газификатора, с неподвижным слоем, из твердого крупнозернистого сырья удаляют летучие вещества посредством высокотемпературного пара и впоследствии во втором реакторе подвергают воздействию более высокой температуры, достаточной для крекинга и разрушения смол и масел. В качестве побочного продукта может образовываться активированный уголь. Газификатор можно ...

СОСУД РЕАКТОРА ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ (ВАРИАНТЫ)

Сосуд (1) реактора газификации, который содержит камеру (6) сгорания в верхней половине сосуда, выход (7) для газового продукта на донном конце камеры (6) сгорания, горелки (2), размещенные с возможностью направления пламени в камеру (6) сгорания, причем указанные горелки (2) имеют как минимум трубопроводы питания для подачи окислительного газа и углеродсодержащего сырья, где между стенкой (8) камеры (6) сгорания и стенкой сосуда (1) создан кольцевой зазор (9), стенка (8) камеры сгорания содержит конструкцию из соединенных между собой труб, в конце камеры сгорания есть два горелочных отверстия, размещенных на одном горизонтальном уровне и диаметрально противоположно друг к другу, а в этих горелочных отверстиях размещены горелки (2). Кроме того, выход для газового продукта на донном конце камеры сгорания имеет канал для жидкости с погруженной трубой, частично погруженной в водяную баню.

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО СЫРЬЯ

Изобретение относится к способу и устройству (35) для конверсии углеродсодержащего сырья и, в частности, биомассы в топливо. Согласно этому способу вначале в газогенераторе (1) с применением нагретого водяного пара (3) осуществляют аллотермическую газификацию сырья. После очистки синтез-газа, образующегося в процессе газификации и охлаждения синтез-газа, синтез-газ конвертируют в жидкое топливо, применяя катализируемую химическую реакцию. Согласно изобретению нагретый водяной пар с температурой выше 1000°С применяют как в качестве газифицирующего агента, так и в качестве теплоносителя для газификации.

PROCESS AND THERMAL SYSTEM Of ENERGY SUPPLY Of a SYSTEM OF HEAT TREATMENT AND INSTALLATION IMPLEMENTING SUCH a SYSTEM

VARIABLE MOISTURE BIOMASS GASIFICATION HEATING SYSTEM AND METHOD

A sloping fuel grate (22) allows primary air to flow up into a thick biomass fuel bed (25A, 25) in a gasifier (20) producing combustible gases (33). Fuel feed screws keep the fuel bed at a nearly constant height in response to a level indicator (17). A burner (30) above the fuel bed admits swirling secondary air and combustible gases, burning the gases to produce a flame (31) to heat a boiler or other heat applying device. A donut shaped collar (32) in the burner prevents gases from leaking back into the burner. A programmable logic controller (100) maintains the system at a desired optimum level of operation based on signals from oxygen, moisture, pressure, temperature and fuel bed height sensors. The controller sends signals to controls for primary air valves (42) and dampers (44), fuel feeder, and an induced draft fan (70) and optional combined primary and secondary air fan (45) controlling the pressure and flow of air and gases for the system.

Coal gasification cogeneration process

The present invention relates to the coproduction of a combustible gas stream usable as an energy source, a sulfur-dioxide-containing second gas stream usable as a source of oxidant in the gasification of coal, and a sulfur-dioxide-containing third gas stream usable as a feedstock for the production of sulfuric acid. The process includes heating coal in a coal gasification zone in the presence of an oxygen and sulfur dioxide-containing atmosphere under partial coal gasifying conditions to produce a carbonaceous char and a crude coal gas stream. Sulfur-containing compounds are removed from the coal gas stream and converted to elemental sulfur. The carbonaceous char is combined with gypsum to form a feed mixture. The non-gypsum portion of the feed mixture contains sufficient reducing potential to release substantially all of the sulfur in the gypsum as gaseous compounds of sulfur in a +4 or lower oxidation state. The feed mixture is heated under reducing conditions to produce a sulfur-dioxide-containing ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА ИЗ БИОМАССЫ

FIELD: oil and gas production industry. SUBSTANCE: invention is related to method and unit to recover synthesis gas from biomass. According to the invention the method includes stages of fuel gas burning in combustion unit (4) with production of hit flue gases (7), passage of flue gases (7) via thermal storage device (1) to heat-up the thermal storage device (1) to high temperature, heat-up of gaseous medium located there and use of this medium to heat-up biomass in the reactor (2) to high temperature with production of synthesis gas, supply of produced synthesis gas for heating to thermal storage device, removal, at least, of part of produced synthesis gas via thermal storage device (1), biomass reactor (2) and back to the thermal storage device (1). EFFECT: reduced energy consumption and improved environmental properties of the synthesis gas recovery method with small content of admixtures. 17 cl, 3 dwg, 2 ex ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 336 296 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/04 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006108252/04, 16.09.2004 (72) Àâòîð(û): ßÊÎÁÑÅÍ Àíêåð ßðë (DK) (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 16.09.2004 (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): ßÊÎÁÑÅÍ Àíêåð ßðë (DK) R U (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 16.09.2003 DK PA 2003 01336 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.10.2007 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 20.10.2008 Áþë. ¹ 29 2 3 3 6 2 9 6 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: US 2694047 À, 09.11.1954. SU 78838 A1, 05.05.1975. SU 1584757 A3, 07.08.1990. SU 1766947 A1, 07.10.1992. (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 17.04.2006 2 3 3 6 2 9 6 R U (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2005/026296 (24.03.2005) C 2 C 2 (86) Çà âêà PCT: DK 2004/000616 (16.09.2004) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 191186, Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, à/ 230, ÎÎÎ "ÀÐÑÏàòåíò", ïàò.ïîâ. Â.Â.Äîùå÷êèíîé (54) ÑÏÎÑÎÁ È ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÄËß ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈß ÑÈÍÒÅÇ-ÃÀÇÀ ÈÇ ÁÈÎÌÀÑÑÛ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå ...

СПОСОБ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ГАЗООБРАЗНОГО ТЕПЛОНОСИТЕЛЯ И СУШКИ ИМ СЫПУЧЕГО МАТЕРИАЛА И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ СПОСОБА

Изобретение относится к химической и сельскохозяйственной промышленности, к области энергетики и может быть использовано для сушки сыпучего материала, например зерна, и получения кокса. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что способ производства газообразного теплоносителя и сушки им сыпучего материала, преимущественно зерна, одновременно предусматривает получение кокса, используя уголь фракционного состава 10-50 мм, а температуру теплоносителя регулируют подачей воздуха на газификацию угля. Устройство для осуществления способа включает газогенераторную установку, выполненную из газификатора, калориферов, бака воды, циркуляционных насосов, бункера угля, теплообменника, газодувки, вентилятора и расходомера. Газификатор состоит из цилиндрического корпуса с крышкой, колосниковой решетки, водяной рубашки с подводом и сливом воды, люка, выгружного и продувочного патрубков, горловины с газовходным патрубком и предохранительного клапана. В устройство входят система загрузки угля, система подачи ...

ПИРОЛИЗНАЯ ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКАЯ УСТАНОВКА

Полезная модель относится к устройствам для термического обезвреживания отходов путем пиролиза и может быть использована при переработке бытовых и промышленных отходов, выработке тепловой и электрической энергии. Техническим результатом полезной модели является компактность и быстрая окупаемость. Технический результат достигается тем, что пиролизная энергетическая установка содержит двухконтурный котел-утилизатор и выполнена на основе спаренной линии, содержащей общий узел первичной сортировки твердых бытовых отходов, плазменный реактор, соединенный с реактором-дожигателем, узел водоподготовки, выходы реакторов-дожигателей соединены со вторым контуром котла-утилизатора, энергоблок электроснабжения и теплоснабжения выполнен, по крайней мере, на спаренной линии, содержащей газопроводы, газотурбинные установки с газотурбинным электрогенераторами, первый котел-утилизатор, второй котел-утилизатор, паротурбинную установку с паротурбинным электрогенератором, выходы газотурбинных установок соединены ...

СПОСОБ ПАРОВОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ТВЕРДЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

Способ паровой газификации углеродсодержащих твердых материалов, включающий нагрев газифицируемого сырья и газификацию, отличающийся тем, что нагрев газифицируемого сырья и газификацию осуществляют одновременно при помощи газифицирующего агента при температуре 750-1200°С, газифицируемое сырье представляет собой углеродсодержащий твердый материал в виде проницаемого слоя, в качестве газифицирующего агента применяют высокотемпературный водяной пар с температурой 750-1200°С атмосферного давления, на выходе получают синтез-газ и твердый остаток.

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ КОНДЕНСИРОВАННЫХ ГОРЮЧИХ

FIELD: recovery of combustible wastes. SUBSTANCE: method for recovering condensed combustibles, primarily those having high moisture content, such as solid domestic wastes, biomass wastes, mud and slime, coal by pyrolysis and gasification of organic component of wastes involves filling reactor with combustible charge which at least partially has combustible components and probably lumps of solid non-combustible material, passing gas flow through mentioned charge by feeding gasifying agent containing oxygen, steam, and carbon dioxide to reactor, and removing gaseous and liquid products of recovery in the form of producer gas from reactor wherein sequential sections of mentioned charge are sequentially held in heating, pyrolysis, coking, gasifying, and cooling zones; temperature within combustion zone is maintained between 800 and 1300 C; solid products of recovery are removed from reactor; at least part of producer gas is burned; novelty is that stack gas primarily that mixed up with air is used as gasifying agent; proportion of stack gas in gasifying agent is increased at combustion zone temperature higher than mentioned values and reduced when this temperature is lower than mentioned values. External heat is not required for recovery process. EFFECT: improved efficiency and yield of valuable products including pyrolysis resins and combustible gas. 4 cl, 1 dwg ГэЭ9чссбс ПЧ ГЭ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК? ВИ” 2 152 561 ' 13) Сл Е 23 С 5/027 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 9810133503, 22.01.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 22.01.1998 (46) Дата публикации: 10.07.2000 (56) Ссылки: КУ 2079051 СЛ, 10.05.1997. КУ 2044156 СЛ, 27.09.1995. КУ 94021263 АЛ, 21.02.1996. ЕР 0498014 АД, 12.08.1992. ЕК 2104041 АЛ, 21.10.1994. (98) Адрес для переписки: 142432, Московская обл., Ногинский р-он, п.Черноголовка, ИПХФ РАН (71) Заявитель: Институт проблем химической физики РАН (72) Изобретатель: Манелис ...

СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВА, СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ УГЛЯ И УСТРОЙСТВА ДЛЯ ИХ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Назначение: изобретение относится к процессам преобразования твердого углеродистого топлива путем воздействия на него газифицирующих реагентов и может быть использовано, например, при газификации угля с получением смеси различных газов. Сущность: способ газификации твердого топлива заключается в подаче в сосуд высокого давления твердого топлива и взаимодействующих с ним газифицирующих реагентов, удалении из сосуда летучих газов и выброса твердых фракций. Перед подачей осуществляют пиролиз твердого топлива без возгонки в пиролизаторе, связанном с сосудом высокого давления, а взаимодействие газифицирующих реагентов и обрабатываемого топлива осуществляют с осаждением твердых фракций на размещенной внутри сосуда высокого давления вращающейся решетке, посредством которой их удаляют из сосуда. Устройство для газификации твердого топлива включает в себя сосуд высокого давления, с которым связаны источник подачи твердого топлива, трубопроводы газообразного топлива, подачи газифицирующих реагентов ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА ИЗ БИОМАССЫ

... 1. Способ получения синтез-газа из биомассы, включающий стадии а) сжигания горючих газов в устройстве сгорания с образованием горячих дымовых газов, б) прохождения указанных дымовых газов через средство аккумуляции тепла с нагревом данного средства аккумуляции тепла до повышенной температуры, в) нагревания газообразной среды, присутствующей в средстве аккумуляции тепла, г) направления горячей газообразной среды в реактор, содержащий биомассу, д) нагревания биомассы до повышенной температуры горячей газообразной средой с образованием синтез-газа, е) направления синтез-газа в средство аккумуляции тепла для нагрева указанного синтез-газа, ж) удаления по меньшей мере части полученного синтез-газа, и з) рециркуляции оставшейся части синтез-газа в виде горячей газообразной среды в реактор с продолжением процесса получения синтез-газа на стадиях д)-ж). 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что продолжают циркуляцию газообразной среды через средство аккумуляции тепла и биомассу до тех пор, пока температура ...

Способ газификации

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS FROM CELEBRATIONS FUELS, FROM CELEBRATIONS URBAN ONES OR MANUFACTURER WASTES COMING.

IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE VERGOSEN OF FUEL AND EQUIVALENT VERGOSUNGSVORRICHTUNG

COAL FORCE PLANT WITH CONTROL OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND THE USABLE BY-PRODUCTS.

Bottom Cycle und Top Cycle Verfahren für die Erzeugung von Schwachgasen aus Reststoffen und Restgasen zur Erzeugung von Dimethylether

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfassen die Kombination einer Vergasungsanlage (40) mit Doppelklappen (38,39) und einer Kohlendioxidspülung (75), einer Versorgung von Sauerstoff über eine PSA (16) mit Regelarmatur (17), der Zuführung von Kohlendioxid (18) aus einem Tank(19) über eine Pumpe (20), mit Regelarmatur (21 ), einem Verdampfer (21 ), einem Überhitzer (26) und einer Regelarmatur (29) für den Eintrag, einer Wasserdampferzeuger (9), umfassend einen Wassertank (2), einer Pumpe (3), einer Regelarmatur (4), einem Verdampfer (9,5,6,7,8,9) mit Trommel (11), und Regler (30). Das Rohgas (41) wird über einen Zyklon (42) einer Gasreinigung (49) und dem Verdichter (51) zur Verfügung gestellt. Die Kohle wird über die Schnecke (45) rückgeführt, und mit der Schnecke (47) ausgetragen und der zweiten Vergasungsstufe zugeführt. Die zweite Vergasungsstufe (64) umfasst überhitztes Kohlendioxid (33) und Wasserdampf (34) in einem Düsenboden (60), den Eintrag der Reststoffe (54) über die Doppelklappe ...

Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse (5) bei dem der Biomasse (5) in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) deren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt reduziert und weiters beim Trocknungsvorgang aus der Biomasse (5) Ammoniak (NH3) freigesetzt wird. Die getrocknete Biomasse (5) wird nachfolgend in einem Pyrolyse-Reaktor (2) pyrolysiert und das Pyrolysegas an eine Brennvorrichtung (3) weitergeleitet und in dieser zu Rauchgas verbrannt, welches einer Zumischvorrichtung (9) zugeleitet wird. Dem Rauchgas wird in der Zumischvorrichtung (9) Sauerstoff (O2) zudosiert und als Trocknungsgas der Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) direkt zugeleitet. Beim Hindurchleiten des Trocknungsgases durch die Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) reagiert das im Trocknungsgas enthaltene Schwefeldioxid (SO2) und/oder das Schwefeltrioxid (SO3) mit dem Ammoniak (NH3) chemisch zu Ammoniumsulfit ((NH4)2SO3) und/oder Ammoniumsulfat ((NH4)2SO4).

METHOD FOR DISPOSAL OF REFUSE BY DEGASIFYING AND GASIFICATION THEREOF

Method and device for converting carbonaceous raw materials

The invention relates to a method and a device (35) for converting carbonaceous raw materials and in particular biomass into fuels. In this method, firstly an allothermic gasification of the raw materials is performed in a gasifier (1) using heated water steam (3). After purification of the synthesis gas produced during the gasification and cooling of the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas is converted into a liquid fuel using a catalyzed chemical reaction. According to the invention, the heated water steam is used both as a gasification agent and also as a heat carrier for the gasification and has a temperature which is greater than 1000 DEG C.

Auxiliary gasification technique using synthesis gas to burnback and equipment thereof

The invention discloses an auxiliary gasification technique using synthesis gas to burnback and equipment thereof, mainly solving the difficulty that the existing gasification furnace has poorer wave adaptability to fuel characteristics. The technique comprises the following steps: one part of the output synthesis gas is extracted under the state that the gas gasification is in conventional operation and the generated synthesis gas is output from the upper part of the gasification furnace continuously, then is delivered into a burning chamber at the lower part of the gasification furnace, generates vigorous burning reaction with sprayed oxygen, and generates high-temperature and high-heat smoke so as to assist the cycle process of the fuel gasification above the burning chamber. The equipment comprises a gasification furnace and subsequent treatment equipment which is provided with a synthesis gas extracting port; the synthesis gas extracting port is connected with a synthesis gas nozzle ...

Improvements with the gas generators

VAPEUR D'EAU

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de gaz synthèse par réaction de carbone et de vapeur d'eau. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que l'on fournit au réacteur de la vapeur surchauffée à une température et en quantité suffisantes pour que se produise la réaction du carbone et de la vapeur d'eau. Application à la production de gaz de synthèse utilisable par exemple à la synthèse d'ammoniac ou de méthane.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF REFINERY SLUDGE

A continuous process for the thermal treatment of a refinery sludge, comprising the following operations: a. drying of the refinery sludge, possibly mixed with pet-coke, at a temperature ranging from 110 to 120°C; b. gasification of the dried sludge, at a temperature ranging from 750 to 950°C, for a time of 30 to 60 minutes, in the presence of a gas containing oxygen and water vapour, with the associated production of synthesis gas (CO + H2) and a solid residue; c. combustion of the synthesis gas at a temperature ranging from 850 to 1,200°C and recycling of the combustion products for the drying and gasification phases; and d. inertization of the solid residue, at a temperature ranging from 1,300 to 1,500°C, by vitrification with plasma torches.

Method and Apparatus for Producing Synthesis Gas From Biomass

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas comprising the steps of combusting ( 4 ) a combustible gas to form hot flue gasses ( 7 ), passing the flue gasses ( 7 ) through heat storing means ( 1 ) so as to heat the heat storing means ( 1 ) to an elevated temperature, using the heat thus stored to heat biomass ( 2 ) to an elevated temperature so as to form synthesis gas, and withdrawing at least part of the synthesis gas formed, wherein following heating of the heat storing means ( 1 ) gaseous medium is circulated through the heat storing means ( 1 ), the biomass ( 2 ) and back to the heat storing means ( 1 ). Furthermore computer program product for performing the method of the invention and the use of the produced biogas are disclosed.

СПОСОБ ПЛАЗМОТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ТОПЛИВА И УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение относится к технологии комплексной переработки твердого топлива и конструкции устройства для его переработки. Способ плазмотермической переработки органического топлива, включает газификацию органического топлива одновременно с процессом высокотемпературного пиролиза в присутствии реагента, который впрыскивают в реакционную зону с помощью плазменных источников, охлаждение и очистку от примесей полученного синтез-газа. Газификацию исходного сырья в каждом газификаторе производят поочередно в потоке плазмы таким образом, что после окончания окислительного режима в первом газификаторе, отключают в нем плазменную струю, и режим окисления производят во втором газификаторе, при этом цикличность проведения режимов повторяют до достижения высоты жидкого шлака в одном из газификаторов, которая определяется по зависимости: где Δ - высота жидкого шлака; GП - расход плазмообразующего газа, кг/с; ρП - плотность плазмы, кг/м; ρШ - плотность шлака, кг/м3; dС - диаметр выходного сопла плазмотрона ...

УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА ИЗ ТВЕРДЫХ БЫТОВЫХ ОТХОДОВ

Полезная модель относится к области производства водорода из газообразных продуктов переработки отходов, путем их газификации и пиролиза, путем использования процесса рециркуляции окиси углерода, совмещенного с паровой конверсией. Техническим результатом полезной модели является повышение удельного выхода водорода от переработки пиролизом твердых бытовых отходов и повышение его чистоты. Технический результат достигается тем, что установка для получения водорода из твердых бытовых отходов содержит блок сепарации водорода из состава пирогаза, блок паровой конверсии окиси углерода с регенерацией тепла экзотермических реакций и сепарацией водорода, блок получения водорода паровым риформинтом углеводородов с сепарацией водорода от двух до четырех ступеней, блок регенерации окиси углерода из двуокиси углерода, бойлер-дожигатель, зона предварительной очистки пиролизного газа состоит из циклона для отделения твердых частиц, скруббера-смолоотделителя и скруббера-нейтрализатора, после скруббера-нейтрализатора ...

СПОСОБ УТИЛИЗАЦИИ УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

Сущность изобретения: подают органический материал в реактор инертным газом под углом к оси реактора через тангенциально расположенные сопла 12 с образованием закрученного потока. Подают поток перегретого газа от источника 1 в реактор в обратном направлении относительно закрученного потока чепез тангенциально расположенные сопла 11. Обрабатывают материал перегретым газом с получением аэрозольных фаз и тонкодисперсных частиц. Отводят аэрозольные фазы по центру через перфорированную трубу 19 и по периферии через патрубки 6. Твердые частицы отводят по периферии через патрубки 8, ниже уровня отвода аэрозольных фаз. 2 с.п. ф - лы, 2 ил.

Печь для термической переработки кускового топлива

FIELD: thermal processing of solid fuels. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermal processing of various solid carbon-containing fuels. A furnace for thermal processing of lump fuel is proposed, which is a cylindrical vertical retort, in the central part of which the process of semi-coking occurs due to the coolant coming through the slotted holes in the retort: heated gas, gas for cooling is fed to the lower part of the retort, liquid and gaseous products of semi-coking are discharged through a nozzle in the upper part of the retort, while in the upper and lower parts of the retort there are screws with perforated and solid turns, on the surface of which there are blades, the screws rotate in the opposite direction of the movement of the feedstock in order to regulate the time of the product in the drying zone, mixing the product and cooling, removing the fine fraction through the discharge window. EFFECT: reduction in the overall dimensions of the installation, a decrease in the amount of fine fraction in the carbon product, a decrease in the humidity of the carbon-containing product, an increase in the specific contact surface of the product with the coolant. 1 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 755 121 C1 (51) МПК C10B 3/00 (2006.01) C10B 53/00 (2006.01) C10J 3/14 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10B 3/00 (2021.02); C10B 53/00 (2021.02); C10J 3/14 (2021.02); C10J 3/20 (2021.02) (21)(22) Заявка: 2020142525, 23.12.2020 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «РУСУГЛЕНЕФТЕГАЗ» (RU) Дата регистрации: 13.09.2021 (45) Опубликовано: 13.09.2021 Бюл. № 26 2 7 5 5 1 2 1 R U (54) Печь для термической переработки кускового топлива (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области термической перфорированными и цельными витками, на переработки различного твердого поверхности ...

Способ газификации твердого топлива и устройство для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к химической технологии и теплоэнергетике на основе переработки местного низкосортного углеродсодержащего сырья, в том числе битуминозного (древесины, торфа, бурых углей, различных отходов), путем газификации с получением горючего газа, содержащего оксид углерода и водород, для последующего использования в качестве силового газа в транспортных и энергетических установках. Способ предусматривает переработку твердого измельченного топлива в газификаторе в составе двух совместно работающих наклонных вращающихся цилиндрических реакторов, в каждом из которых осуществляют процесс газификации в плотном слое с последовательным чередованием фаз (режимов) - фазы обращенного процесса и фазы прямого процесса, причем реакторы работают противофазно. Реакторы работают в двухтактном рабочем цикле с синхронной сменой фаз. Смену фаз в реакторах осуществляют посредством их поворота в вертикальной плоскости для обеспечения реверсивного перемещения топлива. Каждый реактор оснащен пароводяной ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ФОСФОРСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО УДОБРЕНИЯ ИЗ ИЛОВОГО ОСАДКА ГОРОДСКИХ ВОДООЧИСТНЫХ СООРУЖЕНИЙ И УДОБРЕНИЕ, ПОЛУЧЕННОЕ ТАКИМ СПОСОБОМ

... 1. Способ получения минерального фосфорсодержащего продукта для удобрения почв (далее - продукта) из илового осадка городских водоочистных сооружений (далее - ОСВ), включающий две последовательные операции:- предварительное обезвоживание ОСВ;- термическая переработка ОСВ,отличающийся тем, что термическую переработку ОСВ проводят в два этапа: первый - этап пиролиза ОСВ при температуре пиролиза Тв пределах 450°C≤T≤850°C, и второй - этап выжигания углерода из ококсованного остатка пиролиза в токе воздуха с получением газообразных продуктов и минерального фосфорсодержащего продукта.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что иловый осадок дополнительно смешивают с аддитивами, состав которых включает (но не ограничивается) группу хлорсодержащих солей щелочных и/или щелочноземельных металлов в виде порошка или концентрированного раствора, и группу присадок на основе карбонатных горных пород мелкого помола (например, мела, известняка, доломита, магнезита и пр.), в дальнейшем именуемыми аддитивы.3.

Непрерывный двухзональный способ получения водяного газа

Устройство для подвода воздуха к фурмам транспортного газогенератора

Способ газификации топлива и газогенератор для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к области химического машиностроения и может быть использовано для получения низкокалорийного газа из твердого топлива , что позволяет повысить КПД газификации . Подачу первичного дутья осуществляют через фурму 3 вдоль оси реакционной камеры 1 газогенератора, а вторичного - через фурмы 4 радиаль- но и тангенциально ее оси для увеличения времени контактирования паровоздушного дутья с зольно-углеррдис- тым остатком и лучшего качественного перемешивания топлива. Это приводит к созданию равномерно кипящего слоя и полного реагирования кислорода смеси с углеродом зольно-углеродис- того остатка, 2 с.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. о (Л ...

Способ термической переработки высокозольного топлива

Изобретение относится к химической технологии топлив, в частности к комбинированной газификации твердых топлив, и направлено на повышение выхода и качества смолы при термической переработке высокозольного топлива. Вертикальная печь заполняется кусковым топливом, снизу с помощью горелки проводят нагрев и розжиг слоя топлива до 1000-1050 С. Далее зону горения слоя топлива перемещают вверх до тех пор, пока зона пиролиза с температурой 400-450°С не достигнет газохода для отбора парогазовых продуктов. Образовавшиеся парогазовые продукты отводят при пониженном давлении, отделяют смолу и водородсодержащий газ через теплообменник вводят в верхнюю часть печи в зону сушки. Общий выход смолы составляет 36,8% на горючую массу при удельной массе 0,8831 г/см . 1 ил. S СЛ ...

Kombinationskraftwerk eines Kohlevergasers, eines Dampfkraftwerks und eines Wasserstoffmotors zur Energiegewinnung aus Kohle oder, durch vorgelagerte hydrothermale Karbonisierung, aus beliebiger Biomasse, mit optionaler Methanolherstellung

Die Erfindung betrifft die Kombination eines Kohlevergasers, eines Dampfkraftwerks und eines Wasserstoffmotors zur Energiegewinnung aus Kohle oder, durch vorgelagerte hydrothermale Karbonisierung, aus beliebiger Biomasse, mit optionaler Methanolherstellung. Ein bekanntes Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung aus Kohle ist ein herkömmliches Dampfkraftwerk. Das vorgestellte Verfahren erweitert ein Dampfkraftwerk um einen Kohlevergaser und einen Wasserstoffmotor. Ersterer beheizt den Kessel des Dampfkraftwerks, die entstehenden Vergasungsprodukte werden über eine Wassergas-Shift-Reaktion mit Wasser zu hauptsächlich Wasserstoff oxidiert, welcher im Wasserstoffmotor oxidert wird und einen weiteren Stromgenerator antreibt. Das erhitzte Abgas dieses Prozesses wird zur Vorwärmung des Speisewassers des Dampfkraftwerks benutzt. Weiterhin kann das Kombinationskraftwerk auch mittels vorgelagerter hydrothermalen Karbonisierung mit beliebiger Biomasse betrieben werden. Insgesamt erhöht sich dadurch der Gesamtwirkungsgrad ...

Reaction chamber used for thermal treatment of calorific waste material, e.g. car tires, wood waste and household waste has housing with inlet for waste material

A reaction chamber (1) has a housing with an inlet (3) for the waste material, an outlet (4) for solid residual material (5) and a gas inlet (6) and a gas outlet (7). V-shaped chamber walls (10, 12) of the housing and the reaction zone (9) between them are arranged on a slant. A reaction chamber (1) has a housing with an inlet (3) for the waste material, an outlet (4) for solid residual material (5) and a gas inlet (6) and a gas outlet (7). V-shaped chamber walls (10, 12) of the housing and the reaction zone (9) between them are arranged on a slant. A reaction zone limiting wall (11) with gas through-holes is arranged in the reaction chamber and openings (3) for the waste material, gas inlet and for the reaction gas produced by the thermal treatment are arranged in the upper part of the reaction chamber. An Independent claim is also included for a process for operating the reaction chamber. Preferred Features: Guiding plates (13, 14) are formed in the chamber.

GASIFICATION SYSTEM

PROCESS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

... 1482609 Gasification of coal FOSTER WHEELER CORP 20 Aug 1974 [7 Sept 1973] 36615/74 Heading C5E Particulate coal or coke is gasified at 1200- 1450‹ C. by contacting with steam in the presence of sulphur dioxide introduced by a rate of 0À1 to 20% based on the volume of the steam. A continuous stream of coal is fed to a gasifier to produce an ash- and tar-containing residue and a gaseous product, from which hydrogen sulphide is scrubbed and converted to sulphur dioxide, which is in part introduced into the gasifier.

Continuous process pyrolyser

A continuous process pyrolyser 10 comprises an elongate processing chamber 12 having a hot gas inlet at one end for material to be pyrolysed. A first outlet 42 for char and a second outlet 32 for syngas at the opposite end are provided, and a feeding means 40 extends from the inlet at least substantially to the outlet for feeding the material through the pyrolyser. A gas flow path 16 extends around the exterior of the processing chamber such that hot gas passing through the gas flow path heats the exterior surface of the processing chamber. The downstream end of the gas flow path is in fluid communication with the processing chamber inlet so that, after passing through the gas flow path the hot gas passes through the processing chamber in direct contact with the material passing therethrough.

BALANCED AND SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION METHOD IN A PHOSPHORIC ACID PLANT

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GASEOUS FUEL FROM BIOMASS

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A process for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor. The process uses superheated water vapor as an oxidizer and an energy carrier. First, in a gasification furnace at a temperature between 1,200 and 1,600°C, biomass fuel undergoes dehydration, separation of volatile components, cracking and gasification reaction, thus forming a tar-free crude synthetic gas, which is then chilled and quenched in a spray tower, rapidly dropping the temperature to between 650 and 800 °C, thus obtaining an initial synthetic gas free of molten slag and alkali metal oxide. Finally, the initial synthetic gas is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal and dehydration processes, thereby obtaining pure synthetic gas of high quality. Also provided is an apparatus for implementing the process. The process is easy to control, has low energy consumption, and is inexpensive. The synthetic gas produced has a high heating value and is free of tar and alkali metal oxide.

Gasification reactor vessel with inner multi-pipe wall and several burners

Pyrolysis gasification apparatus for solid refuse fuel

Provided is a pyrolysis gasification apparatus for solid refuse fuel. The apparatus includes: a superheated steam housing formed in a cylindrical shape and installed in a horizontal direction, in which superheated steam is injected into the superheated steam housing; a screw casing formed in a tubular shape extending from one end to the other end inside the superheated steam housing and installed in the horizontal direction inside the superheated steam housing, in which solid refuse fuel (SRF) is introduced into the screw casing; a conveying screw with a plurality of screw blades on an outer peripheral surface, the conveying screw being installed inside the screw casing in the horizontal direction and rotating to convey the solid refuse fuel; and a superheated steam supplier for supplying superheated steam into the superheated steam housing, in which the superheated steam may move through a movement pat.

PROCESS FOR CO-GASIFICATION OF TWO OR MORE CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS AND APPARATUS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, said process comprising combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, to produce a heated effluent; carrying the heated effluent to second reactor where the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas.The present invention also relates to an apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, comprising a first reactor (), having a first feedstock inlet port (), a oxygen or air inlet port (), a steam inlet port (), a ash removal port (), and a solid recycle port (); a first cyclone separator () connected to the first reactor () through a first cyclone separator inlet port (); a second reactor (), having a second feedstock inlet port (), and a ash removal port (), the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator () through a gaseous inlet port (); and a second cyclone separator (), having a fine particles removal port (), and an effluent port (), wherein the second cyclone separator is connected to the second reactor through a second cyclone separator inlet port (). 1. An apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock , said apparatus comprising:{'b': 3', '1', '2', '9', '7', '6, 'a first reactor (), having a first feedstock inlet port (), a oxygen or air inlet port (), a steam inlet port (), an ash removal port (), and a solid recycle port ();'}{'b': 5', '3', '4, 'a first cyclone separator () connected to the first reactor () through a first cyclone separator inlet port ();'}{'b': 16', '10', '15', '5', '8, 'a second reactor (), having a second feedstock inlet port (), and an ash removal port (), wherein the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator () through a gaseous inlet port (); and'}{'b': 12', '13', '14', '11, 'a second ...

REACTOR, METHOD OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY IN A REACTOR AND USE OF THE REACTOR

The present invention concerns a reactor () for the gasification of organic material included in composite raw material and the separation of gasified organic material from inorganic material included in the composite raw material, the reactor comprising at least one reaction chamber () and at least one rotor (), said reaction chamber () comprising at least one housing () that is sealed in relation to the surroundings and has at least one inlet opening () and at least one outlet opening () and said rotor () comprising at least one shaft (). Said housing () is in heat exchanging contact with at least one channel () intended to convey gas for heat exchange between the gas and said housing (). Said housing () is preferably cylindrical and has a primarily circular cross-section in a plane that is primarily perpendicular to a principal direction of extension of said at least one shaft (), said channel () being in contact with at least one-third of the radial external envelope surface of said housing () and in addition entirely or partly surrounding said at least one inlet opening (). At least a first part of said rotor () is situated in said housing (a, b) and said shaft () extends in only one direction from said first part through and out of said housing (). The present invention also concerns a method of increasing the efficiency in the reactor () and the use of the reactor (). 147-. (canceled)48. A reactor for the gasification of organic material included in composite raw material and the separation of gasified organic material from inorganic material included in the composite raw material , the reactor comprising:at least one reaction chamber and at least one rotor; 'at least one housing that is sealed in relation to the surroundings and has at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening and said rotor comprising at least one shaft, wherein said housing is in heat exchanging contact with at least one channel intended to convey gas for heat exchange ...

Method and device for processing condensed fuel

FIELD: processing of condensed fuels. SUBSTANCE: method comprises charging fuel into the cylindrical reactor, supplying the oxygen-containing gasifying agent to the reactor from the side of reactor where the solid products of processing are collected, setting the fuel charged in motion along the axis of the reactor, discharging solid products of processing from the reactor, discharging the drying products from the reactor, and pyrolysis and combustion of gas product so that the fuel is gasified in the heating and drying zone, pyrolysis zone, combustion (oxidation) zone, and cooling zone. The gas is filtered by flowing though the layer of the charged fuel, thus flowing through the cooling zone, combustion zone, pyrolysis zone, and zone of heating and drying in series. The burning is stabilized by means of rotation of the reactor around its axis inclined to horizon under an angle from 22 to 65°. The device for processing of condensed fuel is also presented. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 12 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 322 641 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ F23G 5/027 (2006.01) F23G 5/20 (2006.01) F27B 7/00 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2006114599/03, 02.05.2006 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 02.05.2006 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.11.2007 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 20.04.2008 Áþë. ¹ 11 C 2 2 3 2 2 6 4 1 Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 142432, Ìîñêîâñêà îáë., ã. ×åðíîãîëîâêà, ïðêò Àêàä. Ñåìåíîâà, 1, äèðåêòîðó ÈÏÕÔ ÐÀÍ, àêàäåìèêó Ñ.Ì. Àëäîøèíó C 2 R U (73) Ïàòåíòîîáëàäàòåëü(è): Íåêîììåð÷åñêà îðãàíèçàöè Ó÷ðåæäåíèå Èíñòèòóò ïðîáëåì õèìè÷åñêîé ôèçèêè Ðîññèéñêîé àêàäåìèè íàóê (ñòàòóñ ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ó÷ðåæäåíè (ÈÏÕÔ ÐÀÍ) (RU) (54) ÑÏÎÑÎÁ ÏÅÐÅÐÀÁÎÒÊÈ ÊÎÍÄÅÍÑÈÐÎÂÀÍÍÎÃÎ ÃÎÐÞ×ÅÃÎ ÏÓÒÅÌ ÃÀÇÈÔÈÊÀÖÈÈ È ÓÑÒÐÎÉÑÒÂÎ ÄËß ÅÃÎ ÎÑÓÙÅÑÒÂËÅÍÈß (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ê ìåòîäàì ïåðåðàáîòêè êîíäåíñèðîâàííûõ òîïëèâ, â òîì ÷èñëå òâåðäûõ ãîðþ÷èõ îòõîäîâ, ïóòåì ...

Method and device for processing co2-bearing waste gases

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in chemical industry. Carbon dioxide-bearing waste gas is directed in counter stream through several zones (4, 3, 2, 1) to flow of solid non-gasified loose material and thermally degradable organic matter up to pressure equalisation zone to get converted into pyrolised gas. Organic matter is thermally decomposed at first stage 1 at 250-700°C in conditions of reduction into hydrocarbons with short chains, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue. At intermediate 2, coke is decomposed at increasing temperature. Note here that carbon dioxide formed is sucked off counted stream of solid matter in direction of combustible gas production stage 1. At stage 3 of carbon dioxide formation at 800-1600°C coke residues and carbon dioxide are converted into carbon oxide at pressure and temperature set according to Boudouard equilibrium. At cooling stage 4, solid residues and lumpy loose material is cooled in counter stream of CO 2 to below 100°C and discharged. Discharged loose material is returned into circulation circuit. EFFECT: notable reduction in consumption of fossil fuel. 2 cl, 1 dwg, 9 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 467 789 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01D 53/62 (2006.01) C10J 3/46 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010129543/05, 18.12.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 18.12.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЭКОЛУП ГМБХ (DE) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 20.12.2007 DE 102007062413.3 (72) Автор(ы): МЁЛЛЕР Роланд (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.01.2012 Бюл. № 3 2 4 6 7 7 8 9 (45) Опубликовано: 27.11.2012 Бюл. № 33 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: GB 1453787 А, 27.10.1976. GB 2110231 А, 15.06.1983. US 4748010 А, 31.05.1988. DE 3426912 А1, 30.01.1986. RU 2192477 С2, 10.11.2002. 2 4 6 7 7 8 9 R U (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2008/010869 (18.12.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата ...

Process for cleaning gases form gasification units

A process for cleaning gases from a gasification unit comprising the steps of: gasifying a fuel to raw synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and steam in a gasification reactor in the presence of a calcium-containing compound and steam removing halogen compounds from the raw synthesis gas catalytic conversion of carbon monoxide and steam in the raw synthesis gas to carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a water gas shift conversion step to provide a shifted gas contacting the shifted gas with a solid sulphur sorbent regenerating the solid sulphur sorbent by passing a stream of steam through the solid sulphur sorbent counter current to the flow direction of the shifted gas to provide a hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam transferring the hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam from the solid sulphur sorbent directly to the gasification reactor removing the cleaned shifted gas from the solid sulphur sorbent.

Process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstocks and apparatus thereof

The present invention relates to a process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, said process comprising combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, to produce a heated effluent; carrying the heated effluent to second reactor where the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, comprising a first reactor (3), having a first feedstock inlet port (1), a oxygen or air inlet port (2), a steam inlet port (9), a ash removal port (7), and a solid recycle port (6); a first cyclone separator (5) connected to the first reactor (3) through a first cyclone separator inlet port (4); a second reactor (16), having a second feedstock inlet port (10), and a ash removal port (15), the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator (5) through a gaseous inlet port (8); and a second cyclone separator (12), having a fine particles removal port (13), and an effluent port (14), wherein the second cyclone separator is connected to the second reactor through a second cyclone separator inlet port (11).

Process for producing a hydrogen-rich product gas

Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines wasserstoffreichen Produktgases mit hohem Heizwert aus einem Ausgangsmaterial in Form von organischen Stoffen oder Stoffgemischen, bei welchem das Ausgangsmaterial in einer Pyrolysezone (2) durch Pyrolyse in einen festen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstand und Pyrolysegas als flüchtige Phase aufgespalten wird und die Pyrololysegase mit Wasserdampf als Reaktionsmittel vermischt und in einer Reaktionszone (3) derart nacherhitzt werden, dass ein Produktgas mit hohem Heizwert entsteht, wobei die für die Pyrolyse und die Nacherhitzung erforderliche Wärme zumindest zum größten Teil aus der Verbrennung der festen, kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstände der Pyrolyse stammt und der Anlage durch ein als Wärmeträger dienendes, im Kreislauf gefahrenes Schüttgut zugeführt wird, welches in einer Aufheizzone (13) mit den Heizgasen aus der Verbrennung der kohlenstoffhaltigen Rückstände aufgeheizt wird, anschließend in der Reaktionszone (3) mit dem Gemisch aus Pyrolysegas und Wasserdampf in Kontakt gebracht wird, sodann zumindest einen Teil seiner fühlbaren Wärme in die Pyrolysezone (2) einbringt und anschließend mittels eines Schüttgutförderers (6) an den Anfang des Wärmeträgerkreislaufes zurückgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem Wärmeträgerkreislauf vor der Aufheizzone (13) eine Vorheizzone (4) vorgesehen ist, in welcher das Schüttgut mit dem aus der Reaktionszone (3) kommenden, heißen Produktgas vorgeheizt wird und dabei den größten Teil von dessen Wärme aufnimmt, und dass die Wärmeübertragung vom Wärmeträgerkreislauf auf das Ausgangsmaterial in der Pyrolysestufe (2) indirekt und ohne unmittelbaren Kontakt mit dem Schüttgut über ein intermediäres, gasförmiges Heizmedium (17) erfolgt, welches in einer Abkühlzone (19) des Wärmeträgerkreislaufes aufgeheizt wird und anschließend einen Teil der aufgenommenen Wärme in der Pyrolysezone (2) über den Heizmantel eines Pyrolyseapparates an das zu pyrolisierende Ausgangsmaterial abgibt, wobei der Wärmeträ ...

Method and apparatus for indirect gasification of biomass using steam

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: ground biomass is fed into a gasifier (6) while simultaneously feeding nitrogen (4) and high-temperature superheated steam. The biomass is subjected to drying, removal of volatile substances, pyrolysis and gasification. The obtained raw synthetic gas is fed into a spray tower (11), where it undergoes sharp cooling with condensation of slag and resin and dissolution of alkali metal oxides. The obtained primary synthetic gas is subjected to consecutive cooling, dust removal, deoxidation (14) and drying (15). EFFECT: invention enables to obtain pure synthetic gas with high calorific capacity, which does not contain resin and alkali metal oxides. 10 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/14 (11) (13) 2 528 848 C1 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2013107371/05, 05.07.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 05.07.2011 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЧЭНЬ Илун (CN), ЧЖАН Яньфын (CN), ТАН Хунмин (CN) 20.07.2010 CN 201010234086.6 (45) Опубликовано: 20.09.2014 Бюл. № 26 2346026 C2, 10.02.2009. RU 2233312 C1, 27.07.2004. CN 1477090 A, 25.02.2004. CN 1730609 A, 08.02.2006 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 20.02.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: CN 2011/076843 (05.07.2011) 2 5 2 8 8 4 8 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: СА 2716387 А1, 03.09.2009. RU R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): САНШАЙН КАЙДИ НЬЮ ЭНЕРДЖИ ГРУП КО., ЛТД. (CN) 2 5 2 8 8 4 8 R U WO 2012/010051 (26.01.2012) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, строение 3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ НЕПРЯМОЙ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ БИОМАССЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ВОДЯНОГО ПАРА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к химической производят его резкое охлаждение с конденсацией промышленности и может быть использовано шлака и смолы, растворение оксидов щелочных для получения ...

Method of cleaning gases produced at gasification plant

Изобретение может быть использовано при переработке топлива, например угля, на установке газификации. Топливо газифицируют в присутствии содержащего кальций соединения и пара с получением неочищенного синтез-газа, содержащего монооксид углерода и пар. В качестве содержащего кальций соединения используют доломит или кальцит. Галогенсодержащие соединения удаляют из неочищенного синтез-газа. Синтез-газ направляют на стадию каталитической конверсии водяного газа, при которой монооксид углерода и пар, содержащиеся в неочищенном синтез-газе, превращаются в диоксид углерода и водород. Полученный таким образом конвертированный газ приводят в контакт с твердым сорбентом серы на основе металлов или оксидов металлов. Затем удаляют очищенный конвертированный газ из твердого сорбента серы и регенерируют указанный сорбент. Регенерацию твердого сорбента серы проводят при температуре 400-500°С путем пропускания через него потока пара, имеющего давление 0,2-0,5 МПа свыше давления газификации, в направлении, противоположном направлению потока конвертированного газа. При этом получают поток содержащего сероводород пара, который направляют непосредственно на стадию газификации. Изобретение позволяет упростить извлечение серы из газов, полученных на установке газификации. 8 з.п. ф-лы, 1 ил. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 417 825 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01D 53/48 (2006.01) C10K 1/20 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2006112353/05, 14.04.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.04.2006 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ХАЛЬДОР ТОПСЕЭ А/С (DK) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 15.04.2005 DK PA200500553 (72) Автор(ы): НИЛЬСЕН Поул Эрик Хеилонд (DK) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.11.2007 Бюл. № 31 2 4 1 7 8 2 5 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2011 Бюл. № 13 2 4 1 7 8 2 5 R U Адрес для переписки: 105064, Москва, а/я 88, "Патентные поверенные Квашнин, Сапельников и ...

Fuel gas from carbonaceous wastes - by reacting waste with reactive gases produced by partly burning combustible gas produced

Solid carbonaceous wastes are converted to a fuel gas by (a) heating and reacting the wastes with reactive gases in a gasification zone, to form combustible gas which is withdrawn from this zone, (b) (partly) burning a fraction of the combustible gas in a recycling combustion gas zone, to form hot recycle gas free from oxygen, and (c) passing this hot gas into the gasification zone to supply both heat and reactive gaseS. The solid wastes include household refuse, and industrial and agricultural wastes, e.g. cellulose materials (paper), dried sewage and plastics waste.

Method and device for reprocessing co2-containing exhaust gases

The invention relates to a method for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multistage reduction process. The CO2-containing exhaust gas is conducted in the counter stream to a solid mass stream of inert bulk material and organic material that can be thermally decomposed through a plurality of zones (4, 3, 2, 1) into a pressure equalization region and is thereby converted into pyrolysis gases. In the flow direction of the solid mass stream in a fuel gas production stage (1) at 250 -700°C, the organic matter is thermally decomposed under reducing conditions into short-chained hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue. In an intermediate stage (2) with increasing temperature, oxidation of the pyrolysis coke is carried out, wherein the developing carbon monoxide is suctioned off counter to the solid mass stream in the direction of the fuel gas production stage (1). In a carbon monoxide production stage (3) at 800 - 1,600°C, the remaining coke residue is converted with carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide by setting the pressure and temperature according to the Boudouard equilibrium. In a cooling stage (4), the developing solid residual material and the bulk material are cooled in the CO2 counter stream to below 100°C and are separated, wherein the bulk material is returned to the cycle.

Patent FR2265845B1

Gasification melting furnace for wastes and gasification melting method

로 축을 따라서 아래쪽으로 향하여 지연성 가스를 로 내로 불어넣는 승강 가능한 로 중심랜스, 지연성 가스를 불어넣는 각도를 로 축방향으로부터 어긋나게 배치한 1단 이상의 상부 튜이어, 지연성 가스 또는 지연성 가스 및 연료를, 로 축을 향하여 내뿜는 배치로, 로 내로 돌출하여 설치한 1단 이상의 하부 튜이어튜이어튜이어화 용융로를 사용하는 것에 의해, 가스화 용융로 내에 저온영역의 발생을 방지할 수 있고, 폐기물의 연소처리를 하기 위한 발화점을 집중화하는 것이 가능하게 된다. 그 결과, 부가가치가 높은 용융 슬래그 및 각종 금속, 또한 에너지 가스를 안정되게 회수할 수 있다. 또한, 로 중심랜스에 의해 형성되는 발화점의 직경(df) 과 로 내경(D)의 비를, 로 중심랜스의 상하 이동에 의해, df/D≤0.6이 되도록 제어하면, 폐기물의 연소처리를 하기 위한 발화점을 더욱 집중화하는 것이 가능하게 된다. 그 결과, 부가가치가 높은 용융 슬래그 및 각종 금속, 또한 에너지 가스를 보다 더 안정되게 회수할 수 있다.

Production of MHD fluid

A hot gaseous fluid of low ash content, suitable for use in open-cycle MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) power generation, is produced by means of a three-stage process comprising (1) partial combustion of a fossil fuel to produce a hot gaseous product comprising CO 2 CO, and H 2 O, (2) reformation of the gaseous product from stage (1) by means of a fluidized char bed, whereby CO 2 and H 2 O are converted to CO and H 2 , and (3) combustion of CO and H 2 from stage (2) to produce a low ash-content fluid (flue gas) comprising CO 2 and H 2 O and having a temperature of about 4000° to 5000°F.

Method and device for reprocessing co 2 -containing exhaust gases

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Wiederaufbereitung von CO2 - haltigen Abgasen in einem mehrstufigen Reduktionsprozess. Das CO2 - haltige Abgas wird im Gegenstrom zu einem Festmassenstrom aus inertem Schüttgut und thermisch zersetzbarer organischer Masse durch mehrere Zonen (4, 3, 2, 1) bis in einen Druckausgleichsbereich geführt und dabei in Pyrolysegase umgewandelt. Dabei wird in Flussrichtung des Feststoffmassenstromes in einer Brenngaserzeugungsstufe (1) bei 250 - 700°C die organische Masse unter reduzierenden Bedingungen in kurzkettige Kohlenwasserstoffe, Wasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid unter Erzeugung von Koks und Rückstand thermisch zersetzt, in einer Zwischenstufe (2) bei ansteigender Temperatur eine Oxidation des Pyrolysekoks durchgeführt, wobei das entstehende Kohlenmonoxid entgegen dem Festmassenstrom in Richtung der Brenngaserzeugungsstufe (1) abgesaugt wird. In einer Kohlenmonoxiderzeugungsstufe (3) bei 800 - 1.600°C werden verbliebene Koksreste mit Kohlendioxid zu Kohlenmonoxid unter Einstellung von Druck und Temperatur nach dem Boudouard-Gleichgewicht umgewandelt und in einer Abkühlstufe (4) werden die entstehenden festen Reststoffe und das Schüttgut im CO2 - Gegenstrom auf unterhalb 100°C abgekühlt und ausgeschleust, wobei das Schüttgut im Kreislauf zurückgeführt wird.

Balanced phosphoric acid plant cogeneration route

Abstract of the Disclosure The present invention relates to the coproduction of a combustible gas stream usable as an energy source, a sulfur-dioxide-containing second gas stream usable as a source of oxidant in the gasification of coal, and a sulfur-dioxide-containing third gas stream usable as a feedstock for the production of sulfuric acid. The process includes heating coal in a coal gasification zone in the presence of an oxygen and sulfur dioxide-containing atmosphere under partial coal gasifying conditions to produce a carbonaceous char and a crude coal gas stream. Sulfur-containing compounds are removed from the coal gas stream and converted to elemental sulfur. The carbonaceous char is combined with gypsum to form a feed mixture. The non-gypsum portion of the feed mixture contains sufficient reducing potential to release substantially all of the sulfur in the gypsum as gaseous compounds of sulfur in a +4 or lower oxidation state. The feed mixture is heated under reducing conditions to produce a sulfur-dioxide-containing second gas stream recovered at an early stage of the reaction, a sulfur-dioxide-containing third gas stream and a solid sintered product. The sulfur-dioxide-containing second gas stream is recycled back to the gasification zone to provide the oxidant for the coal gasification.

Coal gasification

PROCESS TO CO-PRODUCE GASEOUS CHAINS

Method for producing a product gas rich in hydrogen

The invention relates to a method for producing a product gas rich in hydrogen, wherein a starting material comprising carbon is split by means of pyrolysis, and the resulting pyrolysis gas, which is mixed with water vapor to increase the hydrogen content, is heated. The method obtains the heat necessary for the process from the combustion of the pyrolysis coke that is produced. To this end, the heat necessary for the individual process steps is fed to the process by means of a heat transfer medium circuit, which is heated in a heating zone (13) by means of flue gas (12) from the pyrolysis coke firing (11), the pyrolysis / water vapor mixture is subsequently heated in a reaction zone (3), the pyrolysis zone (2) is heated, cooled in a cooling zone (19), and subsequently returned to the beginning of the circuit. For improved use of the heat and more accurate temperature control, the invention discloses that a preheating zone (13) is provided in the heat transfer medium circuit upstream of the heating zone (13), wherein the heat transfer medium circuit is preheated by means of the hot product gas, and that the heat transfer occurs in the pyrolysis zone (2) indirectly, and without any direct contact with the heat transfer medium.

Process for converting carbonaceous material into low tar synthesis gas

A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone.

Method for gasifying organic materials

A process and apparatus for gasification of organic materials (typically incorporated in domestic and industrial wastes, including auto shredder residues) to produce useful synthesis gas (primarily CO & H 2 ) with effectively non-toxic ash residue by means of a preferably stoichiometric burner directed into a single stage reactor containing a tumbling charge thus heated to 650° to 800° C. (below the incipient fusion temperature of the charge) resulting in thermally cracking and gasifying the organic materials in the charge and reacting the complex hydrocarbons and gas evolved with the CO 2 and H 2 O generated by the burner by combustion of a fuel and oxygen-containing gas at a high flame temperature, typically 2500° to 3000° C.

Gasification reactor vessel with inner multi-pipe wall and several burners

Gasification reactor vessel (1), comprising a combustion chamber (6) in t he upper half of the vessel, provided with a product gas outlet (7) at the b ottom end of the combustion chamber (6), a burner (2) positioned such that, in use, it fires into the combustion chamber (6), said burner (2) provided w ith at least supply conduits for an oxidiser gas and a carbonaceous feed, wh erein between the wall (8) of the combustion chamber (6) and the wall of ves sel (1) an annular space (9) is provided, and wherein the wall (8) of the co mbustion chamber (6) comprises an arrangement of interconnected tubes (verti cal arranged or helical coiled), and wherein two burner (2) openings are pre sent in the wall of the combustion chamber, which burner openings are locate d at the same horizontal level and are positioned diametrical relative to ea ch other and wherein in the burner opening a burner (2) is present.

Process for cleaning gases from gasification units

A process for cleaning gases from a gasification unit comprising the steps of: - gasifying a fuel to raw synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and steam in a gasification reactor in the presence of a calcium-containing compound and steam - removing halogen compounds from the raw synthesis gas - catalytic conversion of carbon monoxide and steam in the raw synthesis gas to carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a water gas shift conversion step to provide a shifted gas - contacting the shifted gas with a solid sulphur sorbent - regenerating the solid sulphur sorbent by passing a stream of steam through the solid sulphur sorbent counter current to the flow direction of the shifted gas to provide a hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam - transferring the hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam from the solid sulphur sorbent directly to the gasification reactor - removing the cleaned shifted gas from the solid sulphur sorbent.

Process for cleaning gases from gasification units

Method and device for reprocessing co2-containing exhaust gases

The invention relates to a method for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multistage reduction process. The CO2-containing exhaust gas is conducted in the counter stream to a solid mass stream of inert bulk material and organic material that can be thermally decomposed through a plurality of zones (4, 3, 2, 1) into a pressure equalization region and is thereby converted into pyrolysis gases. In the flow direction of the solid mass stream in a fuel gas production stage (1) at 250 -700°C, the organic matter is thermally decomposed under reducing conditions into short-chained hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue. In an intermediate stage (2) with increasing temperature, oxidation of the pyrolysis coke is carried out, wherein the developing carbon monoxide is suctioned off counter to the solid mass stream in the direction of the fuel gas production stage (1). In a carbon monoxide production stage (3) at 800 - 1,600°C, the remaining coke residue is converted with carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide by setting the pressure and temperature according to the Boudouard equilibrium. In a cooling stage (4), the developing solid residual material and the bulk material are cooled in the CO2 counter stream to below 100°C and are separated, wherein the bulk material is returned to the cycle.

A method for processing condensed fuel by means of gasification

The invention pertains to methods to process low-grade condensed fuels, primarily highly humid ones by means of pyrolysis and gasification of their organic part so as to produce liquid hydrocarbon products of pyrolysis and fuel gas, which are used for energy generation. The method can be used for environmentally friendly processing/disposal of poorly combustible wastes. The fuel is charged in a gasifier reactor type of a shaft kiln, possibly together with a solid incombustible material countercurrently to an oxygen-containing gasifying agent and combustible components of the charge are gasified. Smoke gases are introduced in the gasifying agent. The maximum temperature in the reactor is controlled within 800 to 1300 °C by means of variation of the fraction of the smoke gas in the gasifying agent; the oxygen content in the gasifying agent is controlled within 2 to 18 % vol.

Method for converting carbonaceous material to producing low-tar synthesis gas body

一种连续多级垂直顺序的气化方法，其用于将固体含碳燃料材料转化为清洁(低焦油)合成气。所述方法包括形成具有均匀深度和宽度的热解残余物床以使粗合成气通过其中以进行吸热反应，同时在吸热反应期间控制还原区压降、停留时间和合成气流动空速以形成基本上无焦油的合成气，降低热解残余物中的碳含量，并与部分氧化区的温度相比，降低粗合成气的温度。

Method and device for production of hydrocarbons from domestic garbage or wastes and/or wastes of organic materials

FIELD: production of hydrocarbons from domestic garbage and/or wastes of organic materials. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes loading materials into horizontal revolving reactor for performing reaction of first cracking and loading residues after first cracking into reactor with helical agitator for performing reaction of second cracking. Reaction of cracking is pyrolysis and/or catalytic cracking. Device proposed for realization of said method includes horizontal revolving reactor with helical agitator. Horizontal reactor has first cylindrical housing and cylindrical gear forming loop on outer wall of cylindrical housing; loading unit is mounted on one end of horizontal revolving reactor; device is also provided with first treatment chamber mounted on other end of horizontal revolving reactor. Horizontal revolving reactor is provided with heating unit. Loading unit includes screw feeder or feeder with reciprocating mechanism. Reactor with helical agitator has second cylindrical housing; treatment chamber is connected with one end of this housing; helical agitator is mounted on second cylindrical housing; second treatment chamber is mounted on other end of second cylindrical housing; device is also provided with helical lowering unit mounted in bottom portion of treatment chamber. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency. 16 cl, 1 dwg, 2 ex 689 с 0сс ПЧ сэ РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (19) (51) МПК” ВИ "” 2 202 589 ' 13) С2 С 10 С 1/10, С 08 4 11/10, Е 23 С 5/027, 5/20 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 2001111011/04 , 24.09.1998 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 24.09.1998 (46) Дата публикации: 20.04.2003 (56) Ссылки: ЕР 0607862 А1, 27.07.1994. ЦЗ 5368723 А, 29.11.1994. СМ 1075328 А, 18.08.1993. Ц$ 4308411 А, 29.12.1981. КЦ 2109770 С1, 27.04.1998. КУ 2057012 СЛ, 27.02.1996. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 24.04.2001 (86) Заявка РСТ: СМ 98/00202 (24.09.1998) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 00/18852 (06 ...

Process and gas generator for generating fuel gas

A process and gas generator is disclosed for generating by dry distillation of solids and gasification of solids, a fuel gas substantially free of condensable dry distillation volatiles which would interfere with the intended use of the gas, e.g. for powering an internal combustion engine.To achieve this, solids beds in distinct dry distillation and gasification zones are maintained under conditions favouring thermal cracking of condensable (tar) volatiles in the hot regions of both zones. For optimal control of these conditions these zones are physically separated by internals within a single reactor vessel and optionally by performing part of the dry distillation (pyrolysis) in a separate reactor vessel, in which case pyrolysis volatiles are fed in counter-current to the dry distillation bed, withdrawn from the top thereof and fed into and through the embers bed of the gasification zone. Thermal cracking of pyrolysis volatiles is prolonged and intensified by the manner in which these volatiles are conducted in intimate contact through the embers bed of the gasification zone in co-current therewith. The embers bed is guided along a progressively constricting pathway, which controls the rate of travel of and the period of residence of the solids bed in the process and generator.

COAL GASIFICATION PROCESS

Process and gas generator for generating fuel gas

A process and gas generator is disclosed for generating by dry distillation of solids and gasification of solids, a fuel gas substantially free of condensable dry distillation volatiles which would interfere with the intended use of the gas, e.g. for powering an internal combustion engine.To achieve this, solids beds in distinct dry distillation and gasification zones are maintained under conditions favouring thermal cracking of condensable (tar) volatiles in the hot regions of both zones. For optimal control of these conditions these zones are physically separated by internals within a single reactor vessel and optionally by performing part of the dry distillation (pyrolysis) in a separate reactor vessel, in which case pyrolysis volatiles are fed in counter-current to the dry distillation bed, withdrawn from the top thereof and fed into and through the embers bed of the gasification zone. Thermal cracking of pyrolysis volatiles is prolonged and intensified by the manner in which these volatiles are conducted in intimate contact through the embers bed of the gasification zone in co-current therewith. The embers bed is guided along a progressively constricting pathway, which controls the rate of travel of and the period of residence of the solids bed in the process and generator.

Gasification melting furnace for wastes and gasification melting method

A gasification melting furnace which is used to prevent the occurring of low-temperature regions in the gasification melting furnace and concentrate a firing point for incineration of wastes, and which comprises a vertically-movable furnace-center lance for blowing a combustion-support gas downward along a furnace shaft into the furnace, an upper tuyere in at least one stage so disposed as to deviate a combustion-support gas blowing angle from a furnace shaft direction, and a lower tuyere in at least one stage installed so as to project into the inside of the furnace at a location for blowing the combustion-support gas or the combustion-support gas and fuel toward the furnace shaft, whereby it is possible to recover constantly high-value-added molten slag and various metals and energy gas. When a ratio of firing point diameter: df formed by the furnace-center lance to a furnace inner diameter: D is so controlled by vertically moving the lance as to be df/D≤0.6, the firing point can be further concentrated in incinerating wastes to thereby ensure more stable recovery of high-value-added molten slag and various metals and energy gas.

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A process for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor. The process uses superheated water vapor as an oxidizer and an energy carrier. First, in a gasification furnace at a temperature between 1,200 and 1,600°C, biomass fuel undergoes dehydration, separation of volatile components, cracking and gasification reaction, thus forming a tar-free crude synthetic gas, which is then chilled and quenched in a spray tower, rapidly dropping the temperature to between 650 and 800 °C, thus obtaining an initial synthetic gas free of molten slag and alkali metal oxide. Finally, the initial synthetic gas is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal and dehydration processes, thereby obtaining pure synthetic gas of high quality. Also provided is an apparatus for implementing the process. The process is easy to control, has low energy consumption, and is inexpensive. The synthetic gas produced has a high heating value and is free of tar and alkali metal oxide.

A method for processing condensed fuel by means of gasification

The invention pertains to methods to process low-grade condensed fuels, primarily highly humid ones by means of pyrolysis and gasification of their organic part so as to produce liquid hydrocarbon products of pyrolysis and fuel gas, which are used for energy generation. The method can be used for environmentally friendly processing/disposal of poorly combustible wastes. The fuel is charged in a gasifier reactor type of a shaft kiln, possibly together with a solid incombustible material countercurrently to an oxygen-containing gasifying agent and combustible components of the charge are gasified. Smoke gases are introduced in the gasifying agent. The maximum temperature in the reactor is controlled within 800 to 1300 ~C by means of variation of the fraction of the smoke gas in the gasifying agent; the oxygen content in the gasifying agent is controlled within 2 to 18 % vol.

Process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from city garbage and/or organic waste material

The invention provides a process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from residential trash or waste and/or organic waste materials. In particular, the invention provides a process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from residential trash or waste and/or organic waste materials in virtue of pyrolysis and catalytic cracking.

Nitrogen oxide ultralow emission and carbon negative emission system and control method

本发明提供一种氮氧化物超低排放及碳负排放系统及控制方法，系统包括：碳负排放系统、氮氧化物超低排放系统、供风装置及流量控制模块，碳负排放系统用以使生物质产生无机炭和热解气/气化气，实现碳的负排放；氮氧化物超低排放系统用以使燃料与热解气/气化气混燃脱除氮氧化物，实现氮氧化物超低排放；供风装置通过第一管路与生物质热解耦合部分气化连通，供风装置通过第二管路连通碳负排放系统和氮氧化物超低排放系统，热解气/气化气经第二管路进入氮氧化物超低排放系统；流量控制模块控制进入所述碳负排放系统的热解剂/气化剂的流量配比以及进入所述氮氧化物超低排放系统的热解气/气化气和空气的流量。

Method and system for gasification of biomass

A method for gasifying biomass. The method includes: a) grinding the biomass, feeding the biomass into a gasifier while spraying superheated water vapor into the gasifier, controlling the gasifier at an operating temperature of 1200-1600° C., contacting the biomass with the superheated water vapor, desiccating, separating volatile matters, pyrolyzing, and gasifying the biomass to produce crude synthetic gas and ash; b) transporting the crude synthetic gas into a spray tower, quenching the crude synthetic gas by spraying water to cool down the crude synthetic gas to a temperature of 650-800° C., condensing a slag and a tar from the crude synthetic gas, dissolving and removing alkali metal oxides and part of acid gas to obtain primary synthetic gas; and c) cooling, dust removing, deacidifying, and desiccating the primary synthetic gas to transform the primary synthetic gas into clean synthetic gas.

Method and apparatus for gasification of organic materials

A process and apparatus for gasification of organic materials (typically incorporated in domestic and industrial wastes, including auto shredder residues) to produce useful synthesis gas (with a major content CO and H 2 ) with effectively non-toxic ash residue by means of at least one continuously operated burner, preferably stoichiometrically balanced (1:2 for natural gas/oxygen) at least at startup and shut down (optionally with some excess of oxygen, usually under steady-state conditions, such as at a ratio of 1:4 or higher, especially if the charge has well over 18% water content), directed into a primary single stage reaction zone (through an opening in common with the effluent product gas discharged therefrom such as to assure intimate contact therebetween), which zone contains a tumbling charge in a rotating barrel-shaped horizontal reactor thus heated to from about 650° to about 800° C. (below the incipient fusion temperature of the charge) and controlled to remain in such temperature range (by adjustment of the burner volume and fuel-to-oxygen ratio for any given charge) resulting in thermally cracking and gasifying the organic materials in the charge and reacting the complex hydrocarbons and gas evolved (1) normally with the CO 2 and H 2 O derived from burner combustion of a fuel and oxygen-containing gas at a high flame temperature, typically 2500° to 3000° C., (2) with excess oxygen, and/or (3) partially with H 2 O or CO 2 otherwise added to or, present in, the charge.

Synthesizing gas from coal via synergetic reactions with steam and sulfur

Apparatus for gasifying organic materials

A process and apparatus for gasification of organic materials (typically incorporated in domestic and industrial wastes, including auto shredder residues) to produce useful synthesis gas (primarily CO & H 2 ) with effectively non-toxic ash residue by means of a preferably stoichiometric burner directed into a single stage reactor containing a tumbling charge thus heated to 650° to 800° C. (below the incipient fusion temperature of the charge) resulting in thermally cracking and gasifying the organic materials in the charge and reacting the complex hydrocarbons and gas evolved with the CO 2 and H 2 O generated by the burner by combustion of a fuel and oxygen-containing gas at a high flame temperature, typically 2500° to 3000° C.

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from biomass

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas comprising the steps of combusting ( 4 ) a combustible gas to form hot flue gasses ( 7 ), passing the flue gasses ( 7 ) through heat storing means ( 1 ) so as to heat the heat storing means ( 1 ) to an elevated temperature, using the heat thus stored to heat biomass ( 2 ) to an elevated temperature so as to form synthesis gas, and withdrawing at least part of the synthesis gas formed, wherein following heating of the heat storing means ( 1 ) gaseous medium is circulated through the heat storing means ( 1 ), the biomass ( 2 ) and back to the heat storing means ( 1 ). Furthermore computer program product for performing the method of the invention and the use of the produced biogas are disclosed.

Process and gas generator for generating fuel gas

A process and gas generator is disclosed for generating by dry distillation of solids and gasification of solids, a fuel gas substantially free of condensable dry distillation volatiles which would interfere with the intended use of the gas, e.g. for powering an internal combustion engine. To achieve this, solids beds in distinct dry distillation and gasification zones are maintained under conditions favouring thermal cracking of condensable (tar) volatiles in the hot regions of both zones. For optimal control of these conditions these zones are physically separated by internals within a single reactor vessel and optionally by performing part of the dry distillation (pyrolysis) in a separate reactor vessel, in which case pyrolysis volatiles are fed in counter-current to the dry distillation bed, withdrawn from the top thereof and fed into and through the embers bed of the gasification zone. Thermal cracking of pyrolysis volatiles is prolonged and intensified by the manner in which these volatiles are conducted in intimate contact through the embers bed of the gasification zone in co-current therewith. The embers bed is guided along a progressively constricting pathway, which controls the rate of travel of and the period of residence of the solids bed in the process and generator.

Solid-fuel gasification system

A solid-fuel gasification system which not only enables the omission of a char recycle means but can produce a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components and having a high calorific value. The solid-fuel gasification system comprises: a pyrolysis region to which no air is supplied; a char combustion region in which the char from the pyrolysis region is burnt to yield a high-temperature combustion gas; a dust remover which purifies the combustion gas; a combustion means for combustion gas reheating which elevates the temperature of the combustion gas from which dust has been removed; and a steam heater in which steam is heated to a high temperature by heat exchange between the combustion gas and the steam. The gasification system pyrolyzes a solid fuel with high-temperature steam to produce a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components.

Process and apparatus for producing hydrocarbons from city garbage and/or organic waste material

본 발명은 가정의 쓰레기 및/또는 유기 폐기물로부터 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법 및 장치, 특히 열분해 및 촉매 크래킹으로 가정의 쓰레기 및/또는 유기 폐기물로부터 탄화수소를 제조하는 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.

Process for obtaining synthesis gas either from solid fuels derived from urban solid waste, or from industrial solid waste

A process is disclosed, by means of which synthesis gas can be obtained either from solid fuels derived from urban solid waste (RDF), or from industrial solid waste, characterized in that said solid fuels (RDF) or said industrial solid waste are gasified with essentially pure oxygen under a pressure comprised within the range of from 1 to 100 abs.atm, by co-currently feeding said reactants to a gasifier as adiabatic as possible, and that the gas leaving the gasifier is treated in order to remove the polluting, acidic gases, by means of a washing step.

Apparatus and method for producing a tar-free lean gas by gasification of biomass

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines teerfreien Schwachgases durch Vergasung von Biomasse, Müll oder dergleichen. Die Vorrichtung weist eine Pyrolysezone (1), eine Reduktionszone (2) und eine Nachvergasungszone (3) auf und ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Mischvorrichtung (5) zur Vermischung von der Mischvorrichtung (5) mittels einer ersten Einrichtung (6) aus der Pyrolysezone (1) zugeführten Schwelgasen mit mittels einer zweiten Einrichtung (8) aus der Nachvergasungszone (3) zugeführten Brenngasen sowie eine Zuleitungseinheit (7) zur Leitung der vermischten Schwelgase aus der Mischvorrichtung (5) zu der Reduktionszone (2) aufweist.

Method for combined production of electric energy and gas fuel at thermal conversion of biomass

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical industry and power engineering, specifically to methods of thermal conversion of biomass for production of gaseous fuel containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, by combustion of which generation of electric power is provided. Biomass is dosed fed through a gas-tight feeder into the upper part of the heat-insulated retort, above the biomass layer, the combustion products are fed from the gas engine with the specified oxygen content, in the upper part of the retort, due to the heat of the introduced combustion products, the moisture is evaporated and the biomass is heated to the temperature of the beginning of its exothermic heating (which depends on type of biomass), in middle part of retort there is pyrolytic decomposition of biomass, in lower part of reactor at temperature of 950–1200 °C involves thermal conversion of a vapour-gas mixture of volatile products of pyrolytic decomposition of biomass and combustion products in a layer of solid-phase products of pyrolytic decomposition of biomass, wherein liquid phase free from liquid phase containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is obtained in accordance with reactions CH= nC + (m/2)H, C + HO = CO + H, C + CO= 2CO and withdraw from the lower part of the retort outside, then it is either directed to the external consumer, or mixed at a predetermined ratio with atmosphere air and directed for combustion into gas engine mechanically connected to electric generator, and the reacted residue of solid-phase products of pyrolytic decomposition of biomass is discharged outside through a gas-tight gate in the lowest part of the retort.EFFECT: technical result of the invention is joint production of electric power and gas fuel by switching to direct heating of biomass with gaseous heat carrier, which enables to increase efficiency of process of producing gas fuel and scale of electric power generation, avoiding use of electric energy for heating of biomass and necessity to ...

Process and apparatus for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Wiederaufbereitung von CO2-haltigen Abgasen in einem mehrstufigen Reduktionsprozess. Das CO2-haltige Abgas wird im Gegenstrom zu einem Festmassenstrom aus Schüttgut und thermisch zersetzbarer organischer Masse durch mehrere Zonen (4, 3, 2, 1) bis in einen Druckausgleichsbereich geführt und dabei in Pyrolysegase umgewandelt. Dabei wird in Flussrichtung des Feststoffmassenstromes in einer Brenngaserzeugungsstufe (1) bei 250-700°C die organische Masse unter reduzierenden Bedingungen in kurzkettige Kohlenwasserstoffe, Wasserstoff und Kohlenmonoxid unter Erzeugung von Koks und Rückstand thermisch zersetzt, in einer Zwischenstufe (2) bei ansteigender Temperatur eine Oxidation des Pyrolysekoks durchgeführt, wobei das entstehende Kohlenmonoxid entgegen dem Festmassenstrom in Richtung der Brenngaserzeugungsstufe (1) abgesaugt wird. In einer Kohlenmonoxiderzeugungsstufe (3) bei 800-1.600°C werden verbliebene Koksreste mit Kohlendioxid zu Kohlenmonoxid unter Einstellung von Druck und Temperatur nach dem Boudouard-Gleichgewicht umgewandelt und in einer Abkühlstufe (4) werden die entstehende Schlacke und grobstückiges Kalziumoxid im CO2-Gegenstrom auf unterhalb 100°C abgekühlt und ausgeschleust. The invention relates to a method and a device for the reprocessing of CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multi-stage reduction process. The CO2-containing exhaust gas is passed in countercurrent to a solid mass flow of bulk material and thermally decomposable organic mass through a plurality of zones (4, 3, 2, 1) into a pressure compensation area and thereby converted into pyrolysis gases. In the flow direction of the solid mass flow in a fuel gas production stage (1) at 250-700 ° C, the organic mass is thermally decomposed under reducing conditions into short-chain hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue, in an intermediate stage (2) with increasing temperature Oxidation of the pyrolysis carried ...

Procedure and device for the renewed treatment of exhaust gases containing CO2

Procedimiento para el tratamiento renovado de gases de escape que contienen CO2 en un proceso de reducciónde múltiples etapas, siendo conducido el gas de escape que contiene CO2 en contracorriente con una corriente demasa de material sólido a base de un material a granel no gasificable y de una masa orgánica descomponibletérmicamente, que contiene no solamente carbono, a través de varias zonas (4, 3, 2, 1) hasta llegar a una zona decompensación de la presión y siendo transformado en tal caso en gases de pirólisis, realizándose que en ladirección de flujo de la corriente de masa de material sólido:a. en una etapa (1) de generación de gases de combustión la masa orgánica se descompone térmicamentea 250 - 700 ºC en condiciones reductoras para dar hidrocarburos de cadena corta, hidrógeno y monóxido decarbono mediando generación de coque y de un residuo,b. en una etapa intermedia (2) se lleva a cabo a una temperatura creciente una oxidación del coque, siendoel monóxido de carbono resultante separado por aspiración en contra de la corriente de masa de materialsólido en dirección a la etapa (1) de generación de gas de combustión,c. en una etapa (3) de generación de monóxido de carbono, los residuos de coque que han quedado a 800-1.600 ºC se transforman totalmente con dióxido de carbono en monóxido de carbono mediando ajuste de lapresión y de la temperatura de acuerdo con el equilibrio de Boudouard,d. en una etapa de enfriamiento (4) los materiales residuales sólidos y el material a granel no gasificable enforma de trozos gruesos se enfrían en contracorriente con CO2 hasta por debajo de 100 ºC y se sacan,e. por lo menos el material a granel no gasificable sacado, después de la retirada se aporta de retornonuevamente al circuito. Procedure for the renewed treatment of CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multi-stage reduction process, the CO2-containing exhaust gas being conducted in countercurrent with a mass stream of solid material based on a non-gasifiable bulk material and ...

Gasification process for solid or liquid fuels

System and process for the pyrolsation and gasification of organic substances

A method for processing condensed fuel by means of gasification

The invention pertains to methods to process low-grade condensed fuels, primarily highly humid ones by means of pyrolysis and gasification of their organic part so as to produce liquid hydrocarbon products of pyrolysis and fuel gas, which are used for energy generation. The method can be used for environmentally friendly processing/disposal of poorly combustible wastes. The fuel is charged in a gasifier reactor type of a shaft kiln, possibly together with a solid incombustible material countercurrently to an oxygen-containing gasifying agent and combustible components of the charge are gasified. Smoke gases are introduced in the gasifying agent. The maximum temperature in the reactor is controlled within 800 to 1300 °C by means of variation of the fraction of the smoke gas in the gasifying agent; the oxygen content in the gasifying agent is controlled within 2 to 18 % vol.

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A process for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor. The process uses superheated water vapor as an oxidizer and an energy carrier. First, in a gasification furnace at a temperature between 1,200 and 1,600°C, biomass fuel undergoes dehydration, separation of volatile components, cracking and gasification reaction, thus forming a tar-free crude synthetic gas, which is then chilled and quenched in a spray tower, rapidly dropping the temperature to between 650 and 800 °C, thus obtaining an initial synthetic gas free of molten slag and alkali metal oxide. Finally, the initial synthetic gas is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal and dehydration processes, thereby obtaining pure synthetic gas of high quality. Also provided is an apparatus for implementing the process. The process is easy to control, has low energy consumption, and is inexpensive. The synthetic gas produced has a high heating value and is free of tar and alkali metal oxide.

Method for processing condensed fuel by gasification and a device for carrying out said method

The invention relates to a method for processing condensed fuels, including solid fuel wastes, by pyrolysis and by gasifying the organic constituent thereof. The inventive method can be used for efficiently processing fuels, including fine-dispersed and easily sintering fuels. The inventive method consists in loading a condensed fuel in a reactor to which a gasifying oxygen-containing agent is supplied in a countercurrent manner, in organising a fuel pyrolysis in the reactor and, subsequently, in burning/gasifying pyrolysis carbon residues in the fuel dense layer. The reactor is embodied in the form of a rotary tilting furnace whose tilt angle to the horizon is equal to 22-65° and which is rotatable for stabilising a burning process. Combustible gases produced during pyrolysis and gasification can be used in the form of a fuel.

Process for gasifying an organic material and plant for carrying out said process

Process for gasifying an organic material, comprising the following steps: subjecting an organic material to a drying phase to reduce its humidity content and obtain dry organic material and steam, and extracting said steam; subjecting the dry organic material to pyrolysis and generating a pyrolysis gas and a carbonaceous solid residue from the dry organic material, the pyrolysis gas containing a tar fraction; separating the pyrolysis gas from the carbonaceous solid residue, wherein separating the pyrolysis gas comprises extracting the pyrolysis gas and conveying it separately from the carbonaceous solid residue generated by the pyrolysis; subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a thermochemical treatment; and, after the thermochemical treatment, causing the treated pyrolysis gas to penetrate through a reducing bed (31) composed of the carbonaceous solid residue generated by the pyrolysis, and producing a synthesis gas. Subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a thermochemical treatment comprises: subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a first combustion with a gasifying agent under sub-stoichiometric conditions by using ejecting nozzles (25) arranged below and upstream of the reducing bed (31), and obtaining the cracking of the tar fraction contained in the pyrolysis gas; and subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a second combustion introducing an additional gasifying agent in a chamber (20") arranged above and downstream of the ejecting nozzles (25) and upstream of an interface (23) separating the chamber (20") from the reducing bed (31), and completing the combustion of the tar fraction until the pyrolysis gas is fully converted to CO2, H2O(g) and heat.

Gas generating method and its apparatus using food waste

본원은 음식물쓰레기를 이용하여 가스를 발생시키기 위한 고체원료를 얻고 고체원료를 이용하여 가능한 최소량의 열원으로 가능한 최대한의 열을 발생시켜 재활용 할 수 있는 가스 발생방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것이다. 더욱 구체적으로 본원은 음식물쓰레기를 포함하는 고체원료(건조된 가스발생용 원료)로 고온을 발생시켜 발생 된 열로 음식물쓰레기에 함유된 수분을 건조시키는 공정에 사용하고, 남은 잔열은 타 시설의 난방용이나 기타의 산업용 열원으로 재활용 할수 있도록 하기 위한 가스 발생방법 및 가스 발생장치를 제공하고자 하는 목적을 갖는다 음식물쓰레기, 고체원료(건조된 가스발생용 원료), 혼합가스, 수성가스,

Gasification reactor vessel with inner multi-pipe wall and several burners

Gasification reactor vessel (1), comprising a combustion chamber (6) in the upper half of the vessel, provided with a product gas outlet (7) at the bottom end of the combustion chamber (6), a burner (2) positioned such that, in use, it fires into the combustion chamber (6), said burner (2) provided with at least supply conduits for an oxidiser gas and a carbonaceous feed, wherein between the wall (8) of the combustion chamber (6) and the wall of vessel (1) an annular space (9) is provided, and wherein the wall (8) of the combustion chamber (6) comprises an arrangement of interconnected tubes (vertical arranged or helical coiled), and wherein two burner (2) openings are present in the wall of the combustion chamber, which burner openings are located at the same horizontal level and are positioned diametrical relative to each other and wherein in the burner opening a burner (2) is present.

Pyrolysis/Gasification System For use in a Method of Carbon Sequestration

The present invention provides a nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission and carbon negative emission system and a control method, and the system comprises: a carbon negative emission system, a nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system, an air supply device and a flow control module. The carbon negative emission system is used for enabling biomass to produce inorganic carbon and pyrolysis gas/gasification gas to realize negative emission of carbon; the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system is used for enabling fuel to be in mixed combustion with the pyrolysis gas/gasification gas to remove nitrogen oxides, which realizes ultra-low emission of the nitrogen oxides; the air supply device is in communication with biomass pyrolysis coupling partial gasification via a first pipeline, the air supply device is in communication with the carbon negative emission system and the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system via a second pipeline, and the pyrolysis gas/gasification gas enters the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system via the second pipeline; the flow control module controls a flow ratio of a pyrolysis agent/gasification agent entering the carbon negative emission system and flow of the pyrolysis gas/gasification gas and air entering the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system.

Method for gasifying organic materials and vitrifying residual ash

Coal fired power plant with pollution control and useful byproducts

A coal fired power plant includes a coal gasification zone where coal is gasified in the presence of an oxidant-lean atmosphere under partial coal gasifying conditions to produce a carbonaceous char and a crude gas stream, an acid separating zone where sulfur-containing compounds are separated from the crude gas stream to produce a combustible gas stream, and a converting zone where the sulfur-containing compounds are converted to elemental sulfur. The combustible gas stream and the carbonaceous char are fed into a boiler which drives a generator to produce electricity; portions of the carbonaceous char product and the combustible gas stream are diverted into a gypsum desulfurization zone. SO2-containing flue gas from the boiler is fed into a flue gas desulfurization zone. There, the SO2-containing flue gas is contacted with lime and limestone to produce gypsum. The gypsum is fed to the gypsum desulfurization zone where it is heated With the diverted carbonaceous char under reducing conditions utilizing the diverted combustible gas stream to provide energy to produce a SO2-containing gas stream. The SO2-containing gas stream is recycled back to the coal gasification zone to provide at least a portion of the oxidant-lean atmosphere air used in the coal gasification zone.

Method of treating condensed fuel by gasification

(57)【要約】 本発明は、品質の悪い凝縮燃料、主に非常に湿ったものをその有機部分を熱分解してガス化することによって処理して、エネルギー生成に使用される熱分化された液体炭化水素生成物と燃料ガスを生成する方法に関する。この方法は、あまり良く燃えない可燃性廃棄物の環境にやさしい処理／廃棄に対して使用され得る。酸素を含むガス化媒体に対して向流するように、その燃料は、場合によっては不燃性の固体物質と共に柱状の炉内へ入れられる。そして、その混合物の可燃性成分がガス化される。蒸気ガスがガス化媒体中に添加される。炉内の最大温度が、ガス化媒体中の蒸気ガスの割合を変化させることによって 800〜1300℃に制御される；そのガス化媒体中の酸素含有量が２〜18体積％に制御される。

Process and apparatus for the production of fuel gas from biomass

FOERFARANDE OCH ANORDNING FOER BEHANDLING AV BRAENSLE

Process for cleaning gases from gasification units

A process for cleaning gases from a gasification unit comprising the steps of: - gasifying a fuel to raw synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and steam in a gasification reactor in the presence of a calcium-containing compound and steam - removing halogen compounds from the raw synthesis gas - catalytic conversion of carbon monoxide and steam in the raw synthesis gas to carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a water gas shift conversion step to provide a shifted gas - contacting the shifted gas with a solid sulphur sorbent - regenerating the solid sulphur sorbent by passing a stream of steam through the solid sulphur sorbent counter current to the flow direction of the shifted gas to provide a hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam - transferring the hydrogen sulphide-containing stream of steam from the solid sulphur sorbent directly to the gasification reactor - removing the cleaned shifted gas from the solid sulphur sorbent.

Gasification of coke

CO is prepared by gasification of coke with O2+CO2, the CO2 being obtd. by burning a part of the CO occurring as product with a part of the O2 employed.

Synthesis gas from carbon and superheated steam - in atmos. free of oxygen and using the superheated steam as sole heat supply

L'invention concerne un procédé de production de gaz synthèse par réaction de carbone et de vapeur d'eau. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que l'on fournit au réacteur de la vapeur surchauffée à une température et en quantité suffisantes pour que se produise la réaction du carbone et de la vapeur d'eau. Application à la production de gaz de synthèse utilisable par exemple à la synthèse d'ammoniac ou de méthane.

Method of converting carbon-containing material into synthesis gas with low content of resin

FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to gasification of carbon-containing feedstock/fuel, particularly to a continuous multi-step method and a device for converting carbon-containing fuel materials into synthesis gas. Disclosed is a method for gasification with a vertical sequence for conversion of solid carbon-containing fuel material to a purified (with low content of resin) synthesis gas in a gasifier, consisting of: i) pyrolysis zone, ii) zone of partial oxidation; iii) a recovery zone consisting of an inclined perforated bottom, one or more holes located at the center relative to the perforated bottom, and a reflector located at the center. Said method involves the following steps: a) supplying carbon-containing fuel material through upper part of pyrolysis zone downward in vertical direction to lower part of pyrolysis zone; b) adding, optionally, a first oxidizing agent to a lower portion of the pyrolysis zone to obtain a temperature higher than 200 °C; c) directing the pyrolysis vapor into the partial oxidation zone (POZ), and the pyrolysis residue down into the reduction zone through the separation element; d) adding a second oxidizing agent to the partial oxidation zone; e) forming a pyrolysis residue layer of uniform thickness from the pyrolysis residue formed at step c) on the bottom; f) passing the crude synthesis gas downstream step d) through a layer of crude pyrolysis residue formed at step e) and performing an endothermic reaction between the CO 2 and/or H 2 O in the crude synthesis gas and carbon char in the pyrolysis residue layer; g) passing resin-free reinforced synthesis gas after step f) in an upward countercurrent for heating the pyrolysis zone and subsequent cooling of the resin-free reinforced synthesis gas; h) collecting enhanced synthesis gas; and i) collecting decarburized pyrolysis residue from gasifier bottom. EFFECT: technical result consists in obtaining stably clean gases, such as synthesis gas with low ...

Method and device for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases

本发明涉及一种用于在多级还原过程中后处理含CO 2 的废气的方法。将含CO 2 的废气作为由不可气化的散料和可热解的有机物质构成的固体物质流的逆流引导通过多个区(4、3、2、1)直至到达一个压力平衡区中并且与此同时转化成裂解气体。沿着固体物质流的流动方向在燃烧气体产生阶段(1)中在250-700℃的温度下将有机物质在还原条件下热解成短链的碳氢化合物、氢气和一氧化碳，同时产生焦炭和残留物。在中间阶段(2)中在温度上升的情况下实施焦炭的氧化，其中将产生的一氧化碳逆着固体物质流在朝向燃烧气体产生阶段(1)的方向上吸走。在一氧化碳产生阶段(3)中在800-1600℃的温度下在按波杜平衡调节压力和温度的情况下将剩余的焦炭残余利用二氧化碳转化成一氧化碳；在冷却阶段(4)中，将固体残留物和大块的散料在CO 2 逆流中冷却到100℃以下并提取出来并且至少将散料返回到循环中。

Synthesizing gas from coal via synergetic reactions with steam and sulphur

SYNTHESIZING GAS FROM COAL VIA SYNERGETIC REACTIONS WITH STEAM AND SULFUR Abstract of the Disclosure Gasification by reaction of carbon (e.g., in coal) with sulfur in the presence of steam, at 500-1500°K, and controlled to favor production of carbon monoxide/-dioxide and hydrogen sulfide (further reactable to hydrogen and sulfur, which can be recycled). Heat generated by combustion of reaction products and/or through possible exothermic portions of the process can be utilized in the process for preheating re-agents or reducing energy requirements of the main reaction,

Method and device for converting biomass into gaseous products

The invention relates to a method and a device for converting biomass having a water content of at least 50% into gaseous products. A reactor (1), which holds supercritical water and molten salt (2) made of a salt or a salt mixture, having a melting point below a reaction temperature that is required for converting the biomass into gaseous products, and the molten salt (2) are heated to the reaction temperature. The biomass, which has been heated to a temperature at which no interfering decomposition of the organic compounds occurs yet, is fed via a first feed pipe (4) into the reactor (1), the pipe being immersed in the molten salt (2). The biomass is heated to the reaction temperature, and further salts migrate from the biomass to the molten salt (2). Parts of the molten salt (2) enriched therewith are removed from the reactor (1) and replaced with fresh salt solution. The gaseous products are removed from the reactor (1) via a discharge pipe (6). The decomposition of the biomass, and the development of the further salts from the biomass, only occur inside the reactor. The salts from the biomass are bound in the molten salt, which at the same time serves the heating of the biomass to the reaction temperature.

Method for generating mechanical power

Solid fuel gasification system

The invention is an improved system for solid fuel gasification, such as coal. A coal type fuel is reduced to as near a one hundred percent molecularly dispersed condition as possible to achieve the maximum efficiency of combustion in a combustion type device. The system consists of a series of steps. The first step mechanically pulverizes the coal to pass through a 300 mesh screen. The second step thermally drives off the volatile gases and the char is burned to a carbon monoxide gas state. The resulting gasified coal combination is then fed to the burners of the combustion type device.

Method and device for reprocessing co2-containing exhaust gases

The invention relates to a method for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multistage reduction process. The CO2-containing exhaust gas is conducted in the counter stream to a solid mass stream of inert bulk material and organic material that can be thermally decomposed through a plurality of zones (4, 3, 2, 1) into a pressure equalization region and is thereby converted into pyrolysis gases. In the flow direction of the solid mass stream in a fuel gas production stage (1) at 250 - 700°C, the organic matter is thermally decomposed under reducing conditions into short-chained hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue. In an intermediate stage (2) with increasing temperature, oxidation of the pyrolysis coke is carried out, wherein the developing carbon monoxide is suctioned off counter to the solid mass stream in the direction of the fuel gas production stage (1). In a carbon monoxide production stage (3) at 800 - 1,600°C, the remaining coke residue is converted with carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide by setting the pressure and temperature according to the Boudouard equilibrium. In a cooling stage (4), the developing solid residual material and the bulk material are cooled in the CO2 counter stream to below 100°C and are separated, wherein the bulk material is returned to the cycle.

Method for feeding regeneration offgas into a gasifier

The invention relates to a method for feeding regeneration offgas into a gasifier (1) in the production of product gas by gasifying sulfurous fuel. The obtained product gas is passed into a sulfur removal reactor (5) containing metal oxide sorbent, the metal oxide sorbent binding the sulfur and being converted into metal sulfide; the product gas is discharged; the metal sulfide is passed into a regeneration reactor (9) into which air and steam are introduced for regenerating the metal sulfide into metal oxide; the metal oxide is recycled into the sulfur removal reactor (5); and sulfur-oxides-bearing regeneration offgas is passed from the regeneration reactor (9) into an ejector (19), where the pressure of the offgas is increased to enable the offgas to be introduced into the gasifier (1).

Process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstocks and apparatus thereof

The present invention relates to a process for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, said process comprising combusting a first carbonaceous feedstock having high calorific value with low ash and high hydrogen content, to produce a heated effluent; carrying the heated effluent to second reactor where the heated effluent reacts with a second carbonaceous feedstock, having low calorific value with high ash and low hydrogen content, to produce synthesis gas. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for co-gasification of two or more carbonaceous feedstock, comprising a first reactor (3), having a first feedstock inlet port (1), a oxygen or air inlet port (2), a steam inlet port (9), a ash removal port (7), and a solid recycle port (6); a first cyclone separator (5) connected to the first reactor (3) through a first cyclone separator inlet port (4); a second reactor (16), having a second feedstock inlet port (10), and a ash removal port (15), the second reactor is connected to the first cyclone separator (5) through a gaseous inlet port (8); and a second cyclone separator (12), having a fine particles removal port (13), and an effluent port (14), wherein the second cyclone separator is connected to the second reactor through a second cyclone separator inlet port (11).

method and device for converting carbonic raw materials

"método e dispositivo para converter matérias primas carbonáceas" a invenção se refere a um método e a um dispositivo (35) para converter matérias primas carbonáceas e, em particular, biomassa, em combustíveis. nesse método, primeiramente, uma gaseificação alotérmica das matérias primas é realizada em um gaseificador (1) utilizando vapor d'água de água aquecido ( 3) após purificação do gás de síntese produzido durante a gaseificação e o resfriamento do gás de síntese, o gás de síntese é convertido em um combustível líquido utilizando uma reação química catalisada. de acordo com a invenção, o vapor d'água de água aquecido é utilizado tanto como agente de gaseificação como um transportador de calor para a gaseificação e tem uma temperatura que é maior do que 1000°c. "Method and device for converting carbonaceous raw materials" The invention relates to a method and device (35) for converting carbonaceous raw materials, and in particular biomass, to fuels. In this method, firstly, allothermic gasification of the raw materials is performed in a gasifier (1) using heated water vapor (3) after purification of the synthesis gas produced during the gasification and cooling of the synthesis gas, the gas. Synthesis is converted to a liquid fuel using a catalyzed chemical reaction. According to the invention, the heated water vapor is used as both a gasifying agent and a heat carrier for gasification and has a temperature which is greater than 1000 ° C.

Process and apparatus for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor

A process for the indirect gasification of biomass using water vapor. The process uses superheated water vapor as an oxidizer and an energy carrier. First, in a gasification furnace at a temperature between 1,200 and 1,600°C, biomass fuel undergoes dehydration, separation of volatile components, cracking and gasification reaction, thus forming a tar-free crude synthetic gas, which is then chilled and quenched in a spray tower, rapidly dropping the temperature to between 650 and 800 °C, thus obtaining an initial synthetic gas free of molten slag and alkali metal oxide. Finally, the initial synthetic gas is subjected to a sequence of cooling, dust removal, acid removal and dehydration processes, thereby obtaining pure synthetic gas of high quality. Also provided is an apparatus for implementing the process. The process is easy to control, has low energy consumption, and is inexpensive. The synthetic gas produced has a high heating value and is free of tar and alkali metal oxide.

Method and device for reprocessing co2-containing exhaust gases

The invention relates to a method for reprocessing CO2-containing exhaust gases in a multistage reduction process. The CO2-containing exhaust gas is conducted in the counter stream to a solid mass stream of inert bulk material and organic material that can be thermally decomposed through a plurality of zones (4, 3, 2, 1) into a pressure equalization region and is thereby converted into pyrolysis gases. In the flow direction of the solid mass stream in a fuel gas production stage (1) at 250-700°C, the organic matter is thermally decomposed under reducing conditions into short-chained hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce coke and residue. In an intermediate stage (2) with increasing temperature, oxidation of the pyrolysis coke is carried out, wherein the developing carbon monoxide is suctioned off counter to the solid mass stream in the direction of the fuel gas production stage (1). In a carbon monoxide production stage (3) at 800-1,600°C, the remaining coke residue is converted with carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide by setting the pressure and temperature according to the Boudouard equilibrium. In a cooling stage (4), the developing solid residual material and the bulk material are cooled in the CO2 counter stream to below 100°C and are separated, wherein the bulk material is returned to the cycle.

生物质燃烧气溶胶制备与检测一体装置及其方法

本发明公开一种生物质燃烧气溶胶制备与检测一体装置，包括依次连接的微型流化床反应器、传输线、以及在线检测装置。所述微型流化床反应器包括热解反应器与热解炉；所述热解反应器装置包括热电偶、导入管、石英砂；所述在线检测装置为光电离在线质谱；所述光电离质谱包括激光解析系统、激光电离器和光能电离器。本发明有利于保留气溶胶颗粒的原始状态，固定式微型流化床反应器由于其具有较高的、稳定的热传导效率，可以实现生物质的快速热解。对研究气溶胶颗粒的形成机理更加有利。

Ausgeglichenes und gleichzeitiges erzeugungsverfahren in einer phosphorsäureanlage

고온 증기를 이용한 수소 추출 장치

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 고온 증기를 이용한 수소 추출 장치는, 탄소를 갖는 연료로부터 수소를 추출하기 위한 장치로서, 상기 연료를 고온 증기를 이용하여 개질시키는 용융 수단과, 상기 용융 수단에 의한 연료의 가열 후에 발생하는 수소 및 이산화탄소가 포함된 배출 가스를 냉각시켜 폐열회수가 이루어지도록 하는 열회수 수단과, 상기 열회수 수단에 의해 냉각된 후 이동하는 가스에 대해서 팔라듐 코팅 분리막을 이용하여 수소만을 추출하여 추출된 수소를 -273℃ 이하 냉각과정에 의해 액화된 수소를 저장하는 수단과, 수소 추출 후 남은 이산화탄소 먼지는 백필터를 통해 먼지는 포집되고 통과한 이산화탄소는 31.5℃ 이하로 냉각 후 압축하여 액상으로 저장보관하는 시설을 포함한다.

Synthesis-gas-reactor with pre-heating for separated water feeding and process for it

The invention is a gas-synthesis reactor that performs chemical conversions of fed organic materials to synthesis-gas based on heating the fed organic material, thus adding energy from outside to the performed chemical-reaction, to a temperature that the fed material reacts with water to generate synthesis-gas, which is a combustible gas-mixture, usually with relatively low energy-content, mainly consisting of carbon- monoxide, methane, some smaller hydro-carbon molecules, hydrogen, and residues of the reaction and the feedstock. The reactors with additional features divide the reaction into two main steps to enable more control of the reaction to save energy and improve and control the energy-content and homogeneity of the generated synthesis-gas.

가축분뇨 가스 발생장치 및 이를 이용한 발전장치

개시된 본 발명에 따른 가축분뇨 가스 발생장치 및 이를 이용한 발전장치 중 가축분뇨 가스 발생장치는, 내부에 저장된 배설물이 건조되는 복수의 분뇨 저장탱크; 상기 배설물을 건조시키기 위한 고온의 공기를 상기 분뇨 저장탱크로 공급하는 고온공기 공급부; 상기 분뇨 저장탱크의 단부에 연결되며, 상기 분뇨의 건조시 발생되는 수증기 및 가스가 저장되는 복수의 수증기 및 가스 저장탱크; 상기 수증기 및 가스 저장탱크 내부에 저장된 가스는 통과시키고 저장된 수증기를 냉각시켜 응결된 물을 상기 수증기 및 가스 저장탱크로 보내는 냉각기; 및 상기 수증기 및 가스 저장탱크의 내부를 가열하여 가스 및 악취가 증발하면서 정제된 물이 저장되는 정제수 저장탱크;를 포함한다. 본 발명에 의하면, 축분이나 인분 등과 같은 배설물을 이용하여 전기 생산하여 활용할 수 있고, 정제된 물을 이용하여 농가에 농업용수로 활용할 수 있고, 가스를 연소시키는 과정에서 수증기를 발생시켜 전기 생산할 수 있으며, 가스를 추출하면서 비료 및 가스 사용하여 악취를 제거할 수 있어 청정한 자연을 선사할 수 있음에 따른 민원 발생을 해결 가능한 효과가 있다.

Process for Gasifying an Organic Material and Plant for Carrying Out Said Process

Process for gasifying an organic material, comprising the following steps: subjecting an organic material to a drying phase to reduce its humidity content and obtain dry organic material and steam, and extracting said steam; subjecting the dry organic material to pyrolysis and generating a pyrolysis gas and a carbonaceous solid residue from the dry organic material, the pyrolysis gas containing a tar fraction; separating the pyrolysis gas from the carbonaceous solid residue, wherein separating the pyrolysis gas comprises extracting the pyrolysis gas and conveying it separately from the carbonaceous solid residue generated by the pyrolysis; subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a thermochemical treatment; and, after the thermochemical treatment, causing the treated pyrolysis gas to penetrate through a reducing bed (31) composed of the carbonaceous solid residue generated by the pyrolysis, and producing a synthesis gas. Subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a thermochemical treatment comprises: subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a first combustion with a gasifying agent under sub-stoichiometric conditions by using ejecting nozzles (25) arranged below and upstream of the reducing bed (31), and obtaining the cracking of the tar fraction contained in the pyrolysis gas; and subjecting the pyrolysis gas to a second combustion introducing an additional gasifying agent in a chamber (20″) arranged above and downstream of the ejecting nozzles (25) and upstream of an interface (23) separating the chamber (20″) from the reducing bed (31), and completing the combustion of the tar fraction until the pyrolysis gas is fully converted to CO2, H2O(g) and heat.

Device and method for gas conversion

The present disclosure relates to a device for gas conversion comprising a plasma reactor and a chamber configured for receiving a gas flow of converted and unconverted feed gas evacuated from the plasma reactor. The chamber comprises a supply throughput for filling the chamber with solid reactant material so as to form the fixed bed of solid reactant material, and at least one gas exhaust window for extracting a product gas. The device for gas conversion further comprises a silo for storing a stock of the solid reactant material and a connecting tube connecting a bottom opening of the silo with the supply throughput of the chamber. The silo and the connecting tube are configured such that, when the device is in operation and solid reactant material is being depleted in the chamber, a flow of solid reactant material from the silo to the chamber is induced so as to maintain the chamber filled with solid reactant material, and wherein the flow of solid reactant material from the silo to the chamber is induced by a gravitational force or at least partly by a gravitational force. The present disclosure also relates to a method for gas-conversion.

System of ultra-low nitrogen oxide emissions, negative carbon emissions and control method thereof

A system for use in carbon negative emission methods, a nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system, an air supply device and a flow control module. The system for use in carbon negative emission methods enables biomass to produce inorganic carbon and pyrolysis gas/gasification gas to realize negative emission of carbon. The nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system enables fuel to be in mixed combustion with the pyrolysis gas/gasification gas to remove nitrogen oxides, which realizes ultra-low emission of the nitrogen oxides. The air supply device is in communication with a biomass pyrolysis coupling partial gasification and is in communication with the system for use in carbon negative emission methods and the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system. The pyrolysis gas/gasification gas enters the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system. The flow control module controls a flow ratio of a pyrolysis agent/gasification agent entering the system for use in carbon negative emission methods and flow of the pyrolysis gas/gasification gas and air entering the nitrogen oxide ultra-low emission system.

Integrated preparation and detection device for biomass-burning aerosol and method thereby

Disclosed herein are integrated preparation and detection devices for studying biomass-burning aerosols, where the devices include a micro-fluidized bed reactor (MFBR), a transmission line, and an on-line detection unit that are connected in sequence. The MFBR may include a pyrolysis reactor and a pyrolysis furnace; the pyrolysis reactor may include a thermocouple, an introduction tube, and quartz sands; the on-line detection unit may be an on-line photoionization mass spectrometer; and the photoionization mass spectrometer may include a laser desorption system, a laser ionizer and a light energy ionizer. Devices of the present disclosure are beneficial to retain the original state of aerosol particles, and the fixed MFBR can realize rapid pyrolysis of a biomass due to its high and stable heat conduction efficiency, which is beneficial to studying the formation mechanism of aerosol particles.

一种四段热回收式高效气化炉及其气化工艺

本发明涉及一种四段热回收式高效气化炉及其气化工艺，属于煤炭、焦炭气化领域。目的是为了提高气化效率、提高气质、降低能耗、简化工艺、节省投资。气化剂为空气+蒸汽。煤炭或焦炭入炉后，与经过预热后的气化剂进行连续的氧化还原反应，生产出水煤气。水煤气经显热回收、除尘等净化处理后，可作工业或民用燃气，也可作化工生产原料气。实践证明，本发明经济实用，气质好、能耗低、热效率高、设备运行周期长、安全环保。所以利用本发明具有显著的经济效益和社会效益，有较广阔的应用前景。

Processo ibrido di pirolisi e gassificazione per la conversione di un generico rifiuto in un combustibile gassoso(un particolare combustibile da rifiuto - c.d.r.) a basso impatto ambientale

Device and method for gas conversion

The present disclosure relates to a device for gas conversion comprising a plasma reactor and a chamber configured for receiving a gas flow of converted and unconverted feed gas evacuated from the plasma reactor. The chamber comprises a supply throughput for filling the chamber with solid reactant material so as to form the fixed bed of solid reactant material, and at least one gas exhaust window for extracting a product gas. The device for gas conversion further comprises a silo for storing a stock of the solid reactant material and a connecting tube connecting a bottom opening of the silo with the supply throughput of the chamber. The silo and the connecting tube are configured such that, when the device is in operation and solid reactant material is being depleted in the chamber, a flow of solid reactant material from the silo to the chamber is induced so as to maintain the chamber filled with solid reactant material, and wherein the flow of solid reactant material from the silo to the chamber is induced by a gravitational force or at least partly by a gravitational force. The present disclosure also relates to a method for gas-conversion.

Heat supply to fluidized carbon gasifying machine and apparatus therefor

Processo para a operacao de um reator para a producao de gas de sintese e dispositivo para a realizacao do processo

Procedimento per ottenere gas di sintesi dai combustibili solidi derivati dai rifiuti solidi urbani o dai rifiuti solidi industriali.