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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 1418. Отображено 100.
26-07-2012 дата публикации

Gasification reactor for production of crude gas containing co or h2

Номер: US20120189499A1
Автор: Eberhard Kuske, Johannes Dostal, Lothar Semrau, Reinald Schulze Eckel
Принадлежит: THYSSENKRUPP UHDE GMBH

In the case of a gasification reactor for the production of crude gas, containing CO or H 2 , by gasification of ash-containing fuel with oxygen-containing gas, at temperatures above the melting temperature of the ash, wherein a reaction chamber formed by a membrane wall through which coolant flows, within a pressure container, is provided, with a narrowing transition channel into a gas cooling chamber, wherein spin-reducing, cooled bulkheads are provided in the transition channel, a solution is to be created, with which a strand formation of the outflowing ash can be achieved, for one thing, and, for another, a further slag drip edge that ensures optimal slag outflow is made available. This is achieved in that the wall ( 14 ) that carries the bulkheads ( 9 ) makes a transition, below the bulkheads, into a cylinder wall ( 17 ) that is reduced in diameter, by way of a step ( 21 ) having a corrugated surface, that the cylinder wall ( 17 ), which is reduced in diameter, is enclosed by a further cylindrical wall ( 19 ), which is enlarged in diameter, which wall forms a second slag drip edge ( 10 ) at its end, in the direction of gravity, and that the further cylindrical wall ( 19 ) is disposed to be adjustable (arrow 22 ) in its vertical position, with reference to the first drip edge ( 18 ).

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Номер записи: 1
10-01-2013 дата публикации

Quench chamber assembly for a gasifier

Номер: US20130011308A1
Автор: Allyson Joy Jimenez-Huyke, Gregory Michael Laskowski, Helge Burghard Herwig Klockow, Jennifer Lynn Moyer, Judeth Brannon Corry, Karl Hardcastle, Prashant Tiwari, Scott Reginald Parent, Shailesh Singh Bhaisora, Steven Craig Russell, Yulianto Salahuddin Mohsin
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A gasifier includes a combustion chamber in which a fuel is burned to produce a syngas and a particulated solid residue. A quench chamber is disposed downstream of the combustion chamber. A dip tube is disposed coupling the combustion chamber to the quench chamber. The syngas is directed to contact liquid coolant in the quench chamber and produce a cooled syngas. A draft tube is disposed surrounding the dip tube such that an annular passage is formed. A baffle is disposed proximate to an exit path of the quench chamber. The cooled syngas is directed through the annular passage and impacted against the baffle so as to remove entrained liquid content from the cooled syngas before it is directed through the exit path. A cross sectional area of the annular passage is smaller towards the bottom of the quench chamber and larger towards the top of the quench chamber.

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Номер записи: 2
31-01-2013 дата публикации

Gasification system and method

Номер: US20130028801A1
Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric Elrod, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang
Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.

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Номер записи: 3
31-01-2013 дата публикации

Gasification system and method

Номер: US20130030062A1
Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric Elrod, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang
Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A system configured for the production of at least one product selected from the group consisting of syngas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, power, and chemicals, the system comprising a dual fluidized bed gasification apparatus and at least one apparatus selected from power production apparatus configured to produce power from the gasification product gas, partial oxidation reactors configured for oxidation of at least a portion of the product gas, tar removal apparatus configured to reduce the amount of tar in the product gas, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis apparatus configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products from at least a portion of the product gas, chemical production apparatus configured for the production of at least one non-Fischer-Tropsch product from at least a portion of the product gas, and dual fluidized bed gasification units configured to alter the composition of the product gas. Methods of operating the system are also provided.

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Номер записи: 4
27-06-2013 дата публикации

System and method for production of fischer-tropsch synthesis products and power

Номер: US20130165534A1
Автор: Benjamin H. CARRYER, Bruce E. McComish, Bryan C. Borum, Eric R. ELROD, Harold A. Wright, Mark D. Ibsen, Mark K. Robertson, Sim Weeks, Weibin Jiang
Принадлежит: Rentech Inc

A method for generation of power and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products by producing synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, producing Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the synthesis gas, and generating power from a second portion of the synthesis gas, from at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or from both. The method may also comprise conditioning at least a portion of the synthesis gas and/or upgrading at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products. A system for carrying out the method is also provided.

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Номер записи: 5
26-12-2013 дата публикации

Pretreatment of biomass using steam explosion methods

Номер: US20130341569A1
Автор: John T. Turner, Robert S. Ampulski, Wayne W. Simmons
Принадлежит: Sundrop Fuels Inc

An integrated plant that includes a steam explosion process unit and biomass gasifier to generate syngas from biomass. A steam explosion process unit applies a combination of heat, pressure, and moisture to the biomass to make the biomass into a moist fine particle form. The steam explosion process unit applies steam with a high pressure to heat and pressurize any gases and fluids present inside the biomass to internally blow apart the bulk structure of the biomass via a rapid depressurization of the biomass with the increased moisture content. Those produced moist fine particles of biomass are subsequently fed to a feed section of the biomass gasifier, which reacts the biomass particles in a rapid biomass gasification reaction to produce syngas components.

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Номер записи: 6
30-01-2014 дата публикации

SPRAY RING AND REACTOR VESSEL PROVIDED WITH SUCH A SPRAY RING AND A METHOD OF WETTING CHAR AND/OR SLAG IN A WATER BATH

Номер: US20140027529A1
Автор: SCHILDER Johannes Gerardus Maria
Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

A spray ring, for wetting char and/or slag in a water bath with a wetting fluid. The spray ring comprises a loop conduit arranged in a loop-line. The loop conduit is at an inlet point provided with an inlet for feeding the wetting fluid into the loop conduit in an inlet flow direction. The loop-line has a plurality of outlet openings for spraying the wetting fluid out of the loop conduit. The inlet flow direction has a component that is tangential to a loop-line flow direction of the wetting fluid through the loop conduit at the inlet point. 1. A method of wetting char and/or slag in a water bath with a wetting fluid , comprising:arranging a spray ring comprising a loop conduit in a loop-line gravitationally higher than the water bath;circulating the wetting fluid through the spray ring along a loop-line flow direction by feeding the wetting fluid into the loop conduit in an inlet flow direction having a component that is tangential to the loop-line flow direction of the wetting fluid through the loop conduit; andat the same time spraying the wetting fluid out of the loop conduit onto the char and/or slag in the water bath.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein spraying the wetting fluid comprises aiming the wetting fluid at the water surface.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the loop conduit forms a peripheral ambit around an encompassed area and the wetting fluid is directed inwardly towards the encompassed area when it is sprayed out of the loop conduit.4. A distribution box for connecting one or more supply conduits to an inlet port claim 1 , the distribution box comprising first connecting means for connecting to the inlet port claim 1 , and second connecting means for connecting the distribution box to the one or more supply conduits claim 1 , wherein the distribution box is provided with an access port in a wall part opposite one of the supply conduits essentially aligned with the one of the supply conduits. The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent ...

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Номер записи: 7
05-01-2017 дата публикации

COAL SLURRY PREHEATER AND COAL GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD USING THE SAME

Номер: US20170002280A1
Автор: Bi Xijing, Lv Jing, Xue Junli, Yu Liang
Принадлежит:

This invention involves with a gasification system, which includes a gasifier, which gasifier comprises a gasification chamber for producing syngas from coal slurry and a quench chamber for cooling the syngas from the gasification chamber. The mentioned gasification system also comprises preheater located in the quench chamber for utilizing heat in the quench chamber to preheat the coal slurry before the coal slurry enters the gasification chamber. Wherein, the preheater comprises a pipe device defining a passage for the coal slurry to pass through, the passage in communication with the gasification chamber and upstream of the gasification chamber in a flow direction of the coal slurry. This invention also involves with a preheater used in the mentioned gasification system and the gasification method of the mentioned gasification device. 1. A gasification system , comprising:A gasifier comprising a gasification chamber for producing syngas from coal slurry and a quench chamber for cooling the syngas from the gasification chamber; andA preheater located in the quench chamber for utilizing heat in the quench chamber to preheat the coal slurry before the coal slurry enters the gasification chamber,Wherein the preheater comprises a pipe device defining a passage for the coal slurry to pass through, the passage in communication with the gasification chamber and upstream of the gasification chamber in a flow direction of the coal slurry.2. The gasification system according to claim 1 , further comprising a downcomer pipe for passing the syngas from the gasification chamber into the quench chamber claim 1 , and wherein the pipe device is disposed between an outer face of the downcomer pipe and an inner face of the quench chamber.3. The gasification system according to claim 2 , wherein the pipe device comprises a pipe substantially wound as a cylinder claim 2 , the cylinder having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the quench chamber and an inner diameter ...

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Номер записи: 8
07-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS PRODUCTS AND POWER

Номер: US20160003480A1
Автор: BORUM Bryan C., CARRYER Benjamin H., ELROD Eric R., IBSEN Mark D., JIANG Weibin, MCCOMISH Bruce E., ROBERTSON Mark K., WEEKS Sim, WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A gasification system including a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas, and power production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both. A method for operating the system is also provided. 1. A gasification system comprising:a gasifier operable to produce, from a carbonaceous feedstock, a gasification product gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide;a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor configured to produce Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products and a Fischer-Tropsch tailgas from a first portion of the gasification product gas; andpower production apparatus configured to generate power from a second portion of the gasification product gas, at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch tailgas, or both.2. The system of optionally comprising conditioning apparatus configured to alter the composition of the gasification product gas claim 1 , and further comprising:(a) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor; or both; and(b) a fluid connection between the gasifier and the power production apparatus; a fluid connection between the synthesis gas conditioning apparatus and the power production apparatus; or both.3. The system of further comprising product upgrading apparatus configured to alter the composition of at least a portion of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products.4. The system of wherein the product upgrading apparatus is configured to provide at least one product selected from the group consisting of primarily naphtha products and primarily diesel ...

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Номер записи: 9
14-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OXIDATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS TAR

Номер: US20160010008A1
Автор: Feldmann Herman
Принадлежит:

A method is provided for removing tar from a gas by contacting a first gas containing tar with a second gas containing oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that contains less tar than the first gas. The method can also include heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor, introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier, such that heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas, the first gas may contain at least a portion of the tar-containing gas, and the tar-containing gas may be extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas with the second gas. 1. A method for removing tar from a gas , the method comprising:contacting a first gas comprising tar with a second gas comprising oxygen for time period sufficient to effect oxidation of at least a portion of the tar in the first gas, thus producing an oxidized product gas that comprises less tar than the first gas.2. The method of further comprising heating a fluidized particulate material in a combustor claim 1 , introducing the heated fluidized particulate material from the combustor and a biomass feedstock into a gasifier claim 1 , wherein heat from the heated fluidized particulate material causes the gasification of at least a portion of the biomass feedstock to form a tar-containing product gas claim 1 , wherein the first gas comprises at least a portion of the tar-containing gas claim 1 , and wherein the tar-containing gas is extracted from the gasifier prior to contacting the first gas comprising tar with the second gas comprising oxygen.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the fluidized particulate material comprises sand.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second gas is selected from the group consisting ...

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Номер записи: 10
21-01-2016 дата публикации

CORROSION REDUCTION FOR SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION THROUGH SEEDED SACRIFICIAL METAL

Номер: US20160017243A1
Автор: Adam Quentin Arthur Carl
Принадлежит: EMPIRE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT LLC

Technologies are presented for reducing corrosion M supercritical water gasification through seeded sacrificial metal particles. The metal panicles may be seeded into one or more material input streams through high pressure injection. Once distributed in the SCWG reactor, the metal particles may corrode preferentially to the metal SCWG reactor walls and convert into metal oxides that precipitate out above the supercritical point of water. The precipitated metal oxides may then be collected downstream of the SCWG reactor to be reprocessed back into seed metal at a smelter. The seeded metal particles may complete a process material cycle with limited net additional waste.

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Номер записи: 11
17-04-2014 дата публикации

Gasification of bio-oil and alkali containing energy rich aqueous solutions from pulp mills

Номер: US20140102002A1
Автор: Erik Furusjö, Ingvar Landalv, Ragnar Stare
Принадлежит: CHEMREC AB

Process for gasification of an alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) from a pulp mill in an entrained flow gasification reactor ( 2 ), the process comprising the steps of d) Supplying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) to said gasification reactor ( 2 ), e) Gasifying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) in the reactor ( 2 ) by using an oxidizing medium at sub-stoichiometric conditions and at a temperature below 1400 C in an outlet of said reactor ( 2 ); and, f) Producing a phase of a liquid material and a phase of a gaseous material in said reactor ( 2 ). wherein in step (a) supplying a bio-oil ( 110 ) to said gasification reactor ( 2 ), in step (b) simultaneously gasifying said alkali containing energy rich aqueous solution ( 120 ) and said bio-oil ( 110 ) in the reactor ( 2 ).

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Номер записи: 12
28-01-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AN INDIRECT RADIATION DRIVEN GASIFIER REACTOR AND RECEIVER CONFIGURATION

Номер: US20160024403A1
Автор: Hilton Courtland, Jovanovic Zoran, Kelley Donna, Perkins Christopher, Strand Steven
Принадлежит:

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. Some embodiments may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats and a solar-driven chemical reactor. This chemical reactor may have multiple reactor tubes, in which particles of biomass may be gasified in the presence of a carrier gas in a gasification reaction to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide products. High heat transfer rates of the walls and tubes may allow the particles of biomass to achieve a high enough temperature necessary for substantial tar destruction and complete gasification of greater than 90 percent of the biomass particles into reaction products including hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas in a very short residence time between a range of 0.01 and 5 seconds. 117-. (canceled)18. An apparatus , comprising:a thermal receiver having inner walls that form a cavity space inside the thermal receiver;a chemical reactor that has one or more reactor tubes located inside the cavity space of the thermal receiver, where in the one or more reactor tubes a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat is configured to occur, wherein the chemical reaction includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat;a source of inert particles that are inert to the chemical reaction that includes one or more of biomass gasification, steam methane reforming, methane cracking, steam methane cracking to produce ethylene, metals refining, and CO2 or H2O splitting to be conducted in this chemical reactor using the radiant heat, where the source of inert particles couples to the one or more feed lines to add the inert particles to the chemical reactor;one or more feed lines coupled to the chemical reactor to add the inert particles for radiation absorption and re- ...

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Номер записи: 13
25-01-2018 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20180023011A1
Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George
Принадлежит:

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 14
29-01-2015 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20150028258A1
Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George
Принадлежит: PYROGENESIS CANADA INC.

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 15
09-02-2017 дата публикации

Carbonaceous substance gasification system and method

Номер: US20170037330A1
Автор: Honghai Li, Lizhi Li, Pin LIU, Ruiheng Gao, Wei Xin, Xiaofei Li, Yongjin Chen
Принадлежит: Changzheng Engineering Co Ltd

A carbonaceous substance powder gasification system and gasification method. The system comprises a carbonaceous substance reaction apparatus and a gas return apparatus used for raising the pressure of some of a raw syngas cooled and preliminarily purified downstream of the reaction apparatus, then blending with high-temperature raw syngas upstream of the reaction apparatus and reducing the temperature. The method comprises reacting in a gasification reaction apparatus the carbonaceous substance and a gasification agent to generate raw syngas and ash and slag, some of the high-temperature raw syngas moving downstream with fly ash and liquid slag, and some of the high-temperature syngas moving upstream with fly ash; the downstream part of the high-temperature raw syngas being cooled, preliminarily purified and deslagged, then pressurized, and the wet raw syngas being injected into the system and blended with the upstream high-temperature raw syngas; the remainder of the high-temperature syngas moving upstream with fly ash and blending and cooling with the low-temperature wet syngas injected by the preliminary cooler, and optionally being entered into the cooling reaction stage; the cooled or cooling-reacted raw syngas continuing upstream, passing through the upper cooling stage and cooling again and ash being removed to obtain the raw syngas.

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Номер записи: 16
12-02-2015 дата публикации

BURNER FOR THE GASIFICATION OF A SOLID FUEL

Номер: US20150041718A1
Автор: Disselhorst Johannes Hermanus Maria, Van Dongen Franciscus Gerardus
Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

The invention is directed to a burner for the gasification of a solid fuel, comprising a burner front having an opening for discharging a solid fuel, wherein the opening for discharging the solid fuel is fluidly connected to a central passage way and wherein the central passage way has a downstream part wherein the diameter of the passage way increases over a first length and subsequently decreases over a second length terminating at the burner front and wherein inside the downstream part of the central passage way a hollow member is positioned, and wherein the hollow member has an internal increasing diameter and inner decreasing diameter aligned with the increasing and decreasing diameter of the hollow member and wherein the connecting conduits have a discharge opening positioned in the diverging part of the hollow member. 1. A burner for the gasification of a solid fuel , comprising a burner front having an opening for discharging a solid fuel and a single central opening for discharging an oxygen containing gas , wherein the opening for discharging the solid fuel is fluidly connected to a central passage way and wherein the opening for discharging the oxygen containing gas is fluidly connected to an annular passage way for passage of oxygen positioned co-axially with the central passage way andwherein the central passage way has a downstream part wherein the diameter of the passage way increases over a first length and subsequently decreases over a second length terminating at the burner front and wherein inside the downstream part of the central passage way a hollow member is positioned which is closed at one end and has an opening at the burner front, the hollow member having an increasing diameter and decreasing diameter aligned with the increasing and decreasing diameter of the central passage way to form an annular passage for the solid fuel terminating at burner front in a inwardly directed annular opening for discharging the solid fuel{'b': '17', 'and ...

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Номер записи: 17
16-02-2017 дата публикации

INCLINED ROTARY GASIFIER WASTE TO ENERGY SYSTEM

Номер: US20170044450A1
Автор: WAAGE David J.
Принадлежит: THE RESEARCH FOUNDATION OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK

A gasifier system includes a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock which has a base and a container rotatably connected to the base such that a rotation of the container causes a mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor. The interior is bounded by the base and the container. A space between the base and the container allows an entry of oxygen into the interior. The space has a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent the base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of the interior. The reactor has a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior. 1. A gasifier system comprising:a reactor for receiving a wet feedstock, said reactor comprising a base and a container rotatably connected to said base such that a rotation of said container causes mixing of the feedstock in an interior of the reactor, the interior bounded by said base and said container;a space between said base and said container to allow an entry of oxygen into said interior, said space having a dimension such that the feedstock is fully oxidized in a combustion area adjacent said base and such that the feedstock avoids combustion in a remainder of said interior; andsaid reactor having a longitudinal axis inclined at an inclination angle relative to a horizontal line to promote the mixing of the feedstock in the interior.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said base comprises a self-locating floating plate configured to retain combusting feedstock within the rotating reactor.322. The system of claim 2 , wherein said angle of inclination comprises an angle of greater than degrees relative to the horizontal line.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an outer casing having an inner surface claim 1 , said inner surface and an outer surface of said reactor bounding a temperature control cavity coupled to a source of heated gas such that a ...

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Номер записи: 18
14-02-2019 дата публикации

COAL GASIFICATION

Номер: US20190048271A1
Автор: Bisaka Kabwika, Curr Thomas Robert, Reynolds Quinn Gareth
Принадлежит:

A method of producing syngas wherein a carbonaceous feedstock is exposed to a plasma arc generated by a DC supply in a dry-steam environment. 111-. (canceled)12. A method of producing syngas wherein a carbonaceous feedstock is exposed to a plasma arc generated by a DC supply in a dry-steam environment in an apparatus which includes a lower vessel and an upper vessel , wherein the carbonaceous feedstock is introduced directly into the lower vessel via a plasma arc plume or via the upper vessel which is operated as an entrained flow gasifier.13. A method according to wherein the carbonaceous feedstock is fed together with a dry steam feed into the apparatus or it is fed separately claim 12 , from a dry steam feed claim 12 , into the apparatus.14. A method according to wherein the plasma arc is at least one of the following: an open arc within the apparatus claim 12 , and an immersed arc produced by immersion of an electrode into slag in a lower region of the apparatus.15. An apparatus for producing syngas from a carbonaceous feedstock material claim 12 , which apparatus comprises a DC arc gasifier which processes the feedstock material and which includes a lower vessel within which a plasma arc is established and an upper vessel which is operated as an entrained flow gasifier wherein the feedstock is fed to the lower vessel through a) at least one hollow electrode or b) via the entrained flow gasifier.16. An apparatus according to wherein the plasma arc is established as at least one of the following: as an open arc claim 15 , and as an immersed arc in a molten slag layer in a lower region of the lower vessel.17. An apparatus according to wherein the lower vessel includes a slag containment structure with a slag tapping facility and at least one electrode which establishes a DC plasma arc in the lower vessel.18. An apparatus according to wherein pulverized coal claim 15 , which is the carbonaceous feedstock material claim 15 , is applied to the DC arc gasifier in a ...

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Номер записи: 19
13-02-2020 дата публикации

TWO-STAGE PLASMA PROCESS FOR CONVERTING WASTE INTO FUEL GAS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR

Номер: US20200048568A1
Автор: Carabin Pierre, TSANTRIZOS Peter George
Принадлежит:

A two-step gasification process and apparatus for the conversion of solid or liquid organic waste into clean fuel, suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner, is described. The waste is fed initially into a primary gasifier, which is a graphite arc furnace. Within the primary gasifier, the organic components of the waste are mixed with a predetermined amount of air, oxygen or steam, and converted into volatiles and soot. The volatiles consist mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and may include a variety of other hydrocarbons and some fly ash. The gas exiting the primary gasifier first passes through a hot cyclone, where some of the soot and most of the fly ash is collected and returned to the primary gasifier. The remaining soot along with the volatile organic compounds is further treated in a secondary gasifier where the soot and the volatile compounds mix with a high temperature plasma jet and a metered amount of air, oxygen or steam, and are converted into a synthesis gas consisting primarily of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The synthesis gas is then quenched and cleaned to form a clean fuel gas suitable for use in a gas engine or a gas burner. This offers higher thermal efficiency than conventional technology and produces a cleaner fuel than other known alternatives. 1. A two-stage plasma process for converting waste having organic and inorganic components into fuel gas , which comprises:(a) in the first stage, vitrifying or melting the inorganic components of the waste and partially gasifying the organic components; and{'sub': 2', '2, '(b) in the second stage, completing the gasification of the organic components so that gas from the first stage of the process entering the secondary gasifier is exposed to a high temperature such as to transform essentially all soot present in the gas to CO and to convert essentially all complex organic molecules to simpler molecules CO, COand H, wherein a dust separation and removal step is provided between the first ...

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Номер записи: 20
23-02-2017 дата публикации

Solids circulation system and method for capture and conversion of reactive solids with fluidized bed temperature control

Номер: US20170051217A1
Автор: Dave G. Newport, Hamilton Sean Michael Whitney, Jonathan A. Zenz, Ravi Chandran
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

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Номер записи: 21
10-03-2022 дата публикации

Two-stage syngas production with separate char and product gas inputs into the second stage

Номер: US20220073829A1
Автор: Daniel A. Burciaga, Daniel Michael Leo, Dave G. Newport, Ravi Chandran
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A two-stage syngas production method to produce a final product gas from a carbonaceous material includes producing a first product gas in a first reactor, separating char from the first product gas to produce separated char and char-depleted product gas, and separately reacting the separated char and the char-depleted product gas with an oxygen-containing gas in a second reactor to produce a final product gas. The separated char is introduced into the second reactor above the char-depleted product gas. The solids separation device may include serially connected cyclones, and the separated char may be entrained in a motive fluid in an eductor to produce a char and motive fluid mixture prior to being transferred to the second reactor. A biorefinery method produces a purified product from the final product gas.

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Номер записи: 22
02-03-2017 дата публикации

SOLIDS CIRCULATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CAPTURE AND CONVERSION OF REACTIVE SOLIDS HAVING FLUIDIZED BED CONTAINING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20170058221A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, ZENE Jonathan A.
Принадлежит:

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1. A system for processing a carbonaceous feedstock to create a final product gas stream containing both carbon monoxide and hydrogen , comprising:{'b': 500', '600', '602', '600, '(a) a first reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive a feedstock and steam, and output a syngas stream () via a first conduit (), the syngas stream () comprising syngas, char, condensable organic compounds and aromatic hydrocarbons;'}{'b': 612', '602', '612', '600', '610, '(b) a second conduit () connected to the first conduit (), the second conduit () configured to receive a portion of said syngas stream () as a first-stage product gas stream ();'}{'b': 100', '600', '910, '(c) a second reactor () having a fluidized bed and configured to receive char from the syngas stream () and an oxygen containing gas, the second reactor configured to operate under conditions sufficient to convert the char into a second-stage product gas stream () containing at least carbon monoxide; wherein{'b': 612', '910', '610', '950, 'the second reactor and the second conduit () are connected such that the second-stage ...

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Номер записи: 23
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Integrated Process Plant Having a Biomass Reforming Reactor Using a Fluidized Bed

Номер: US20170066983A1
Автор: Argo Andrew, Broerman Andrew W., Jack Douglas S., Kelfkens Renus C., Simmons Wayne W.
Принадлежит:

An interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generates syngas for a number of different liquid fuel or chemical processes is discussed. A first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage. A second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the tars as raw syngas, and then chemically reacts the raw syngas within a vessel of the second stage to make the raw syngas from the first stage into a chemical grade syngas by further cracking the tars, excess methane, or both. 1. An integrated plant , comprising:an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generate syngas for any of 1) a methanol synthesis reactor, 2) a Methanol to Gasoline reactor train process, and 3) a high temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train that use syngas derived from biomass in the bio-reforming reactor,where a first stage includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that has one or more stream inputs to feed heat absorbing media, including silica sand, ilmenite, olivine, dolomite, zeolite catalysts and any combination of the five, a vessel to circulate the heat absorbing media, one or more supply inputs to feed the biomass, and has a sparger to input steam, where the first stage is configured to cause a chemical devolatilization of the biomass into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage, anda second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products that includes the constituent gases and at least some of the ...

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Номер записи: 24
19-03-2015 дата публикации

Divided central tube of a combined quenching and scrubbing system for an entrained flow gasification reactor

Номер: US20150075072A1
Автор: André HERKLOTZ, Darek SCHMAUCH, Frank Hannemann, Horst Hoppe, Manfred Schingnitz, Tino Just
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

Devices for a three-stage scrubbing system for treatment of hot crude gases and liquid slag by an entrained flow gasification. Crude gas and slag are conducted downward into a water bath in a central tube. The upper part of the central tube consists of a double-threaded tube screen welded in a gas-tight manner, in which water is injected directly as the first scrubbing and cooling stage in the interior thereof. In the water bath, a bubble column is formed, which simultaneously constitutes the second scrubbing and cooling stage. Surface bodies arranged in three layers increase the scrubbing effect. After leaving the bubble column, the crude gas is again sprayed with water in a cavity, wherein one or more nozzle rings are disposed. This forms the third scrubbing stage. The crude gas then leaves the quenching and scrubbing apparatus in steam-saturated form at 200-220° C. and is sent to further treatment.

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Номер записи: 25
15-03-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR POWER PRODUCTION USING PARTIAL OXIDATION

Номер: US20180073430A1
Автор: Allam Rodney John, Fetvedt Jeremy Eron, Forrest Brock Alan, LU XIJIA, Palmer Miles R.
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a power production system that is adapted to achieve high efficiency power production using partial oxidation of a solid or liquid fuel to form a partially oxidized stream that comprises a fuel gas. This fuel gas stream can be one or more of quenched, filtered, and cooled before being directed to a combustor of a power production system as the combustion fuel. The partially oxidized stream is combined with a compressed recycle COstream and oxygen. The combustion stream is expanded across a turbine to produce power and passed through a recuperator heat exchanger. The expanded and cooled exhaust stream can be further processed to provide the recycle COstream, which is compressed and passed through one or more recuperator heat exchangers in a manner useful to provide increased efficiency to the combined systems. 1. A process for the production of power using a combination of a partial oxidation (POX) system and a power production system (PPS) , the process comprising:combining a solid or liquid fuel and oxygen in a POX reactor under conditions sufficient to partially oxidize the fuel and form a POX stream comprising a fuel gas at a first temperature;removing from the POX stream comprising the fuel gas at least a portion of any solid components or gaseous components that do not form part of the fuel gas;cooling the POX stream comprising the fuel gas in a POX heat exchanger to a second, lower temperature;purifying the POX stream comprising the fuel gas by removing at least a portion of any liquid water and acid gases therefrom and thus forming a stream of the fuel gas;compressing the stream of the fuel gas to a pressure of about 12 MPa or greater;combusting the stream of the fuel gas in a PPS combustor to form a combustion product stream at a pressure of at least about 10 MPa and a temperature of at least about 800° C.;expanding the combustion product stream across a PPS turbine to generate power and form an expanded PPS combustion ...

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Номер записи: 26
07-03-2019 дата публикации

Furnace monitoring device and gasification unit provided with same

Номер: US20190072331A1
Автор: Junichiro Yamamoto, Takahiro Kubota, Tsutomu Kawamizu
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd

A furnace monitoring device for monitoring the inside of a gasifier through which a combustible gas flows is provided with: a nozzle that has an internal cavity, and that is inserted inside the gasifier and fixed to the gasifier; a cylindrical protection tube which is inserted into the nozzle, and a part of which, located on the inside of the gasifier is, blocked; a monitoring window which is provided on the protection tube on the inside of the gasifier, and is made of a material that transmits light; a purge mechanism which supplies a gas containing an oxidizer to a surface of the monitoring window facing the inside of the gasifier; and an image capturing means which captures an image of the inside of the gasifier through the monitoring window.

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Номер записи: 27
24-03-2016 дата публикации

Method for Producing a Synthesis Gas

Номер: US20160083662A1
Автор: Perez Ernesto Esperanza
Принадлежит: Grupo Guascor, S.L.

A method and system are provided for feeding a biomass material feed into a fluidized bed gasifier. The system includes a first plurality of screw conveyors disposed circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, such that each of the first plurality of screw conveyors is in feed communication with a gasifier chamber defined by the gasifier shell. The system also includes a plurality of secondary receptacles, each individually coupled to a respective screw conveyor of the first plurality of screw conveyors, such that each of the plurality of secondary receptacles includes a secondary receptacle shell defining a secondary receptacle chamber in feed communication with the respective screw conveyor. The system further includes a plurality of primary receptacles, each including a primary receptacle shell defining a primary receptacle chamber in feed communication with at least two of the plurality of secondary receptacles. 1. A method for producing a synthesis gas from a biomass material feed in a fluidized bed gasifier , comprising:feeding the biomass material feed into a biomass feed system comprising a plurality of screw conveyors, each disposed equidistantly from an adjacent one of the plurality of screw conveyors and circumferentially around and connected to or integral with a gasifier shell of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein a substantially equal amount of the biomass feed material flows through each of the plurality of screw conveyors into the gasifier chamber; andfeeding a fluid flow into a bottom section of the gasifier chamber of the fluidized bed gasifier, wherein the fluid flow and the biomass material feed contact and react to form the synthesis gas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluid flow comprises oxygen.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the screw conveyor comprises a screw conveyor housing and an auger disposed within the screw conveyor housing claim 1 , the auger being operatively ...

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Номер записи: 28
23-03-2017 дата публикации

COAL CO-GASIFICATION METHOD

Номер: US20170081601A1
Автор: Chen Feng, PAN Xia
Принадлежит:

A coal co-gasification method, comprising the following steps: 1, fuel and a first pressurised oxygen-containing gas are injected into a gasifier, and the fuel is ignited so as to increase the temperature inside the gasifier; 2, when the temperature increase reaches a temperature capable of igniting powdered coal to be injected, injection of the fuel is stopped, injection of the first pressurised oxygen-containing gas is continued, and a pressurised carbon dioxide gas carrying the powdered coal to be injected is injected into the gasifier so as to perform powdered coal gasification; 3, once the powdered coal gasification has stabilised, coal-water slurry and an oxygen-containing gas are injected into the gasifier to perform co-gasification. The method operates stably, and overcomes cumbersome and time-consuming adjustment steps in the prior art. 1. A method for co-gasification of coal , comprising the following steps:step 1: injecting fuel and a first pressurized oxygen-containing gas into a gasifier, and igniting the fuel for temperature rise inside the gasifier;step 2: when the temperature rise reaches an extent at which pulverized coal to be injected can be ignited, stopping injecting the fuel, and maintaining injection of the first pressurized oxygen-containing gas; and injecting pressurized carbon dioxide gas carrying the pulverized coal to be injected into the gasifier for gasification of pulverized coal; andstep 3: after the gasification of the pulverized coal is stable, injecting coal water slurry and a second pressurized oxygen-containing gas into the gasifier for co-gasification.2. The method for co-gasification of coal according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'in the step 2, an oxygen-coal ratio of the injected first pressurized oxygen-containing gas to the pulverized coal to be injected is within a range from 0.49 Nm/kg to 0.65 Nm/kg.'}3. The method for co-gasification of coal according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,{'sup': 3', '3, 'in the ...

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Номер записи: 29
12-03-2020 дата публикации

Enriched Air Gasifier

Номер: US20200080011A1
Автор: Blythe David R., Hohman Jerrod
Принадлежит:

A method may include, but is not limited to: providing a volume of feedstock and a volume of oxygen-enriched air to a thermal reformer; reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer at an operating temperature to produce a raw syngas stream; removing particulate matter from the raw syngas stream with a two-stage cyclone assembly, wherein the two-stage cyclone assembly comprises a first cyclone and a second cyclone; scrubbing the raw syngas stream received from the two-stage cyclone assembly with a quench scrubber to produce an engine gas stream; and providing the engine gas stream to a CHP genset to be used as fuel. 1. A method for enriched air gasification , comprising:providing a volume of feedstock and a volume of oxygen-enriched air to a thermal reformer;reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer at an operating temperature to produce a raw syngas stream;removing particulate matter from the raw syngas stream with a two-stage cyclone assembly, wherein the two-stage cyclone assembly comprises a first cyclone and a second cyclone;scrubbing the raw syngas stream received from the two-stage cyclone assembly with a quench scrubber to produce an engine gas stream; andproviding the engine gas stream to a CHP genset to be used as fuel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thermal reformer comprises a thermal reformer with a single bubbling bed gasifier configuration.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the volume of oxygen-enriched air comprises both a fluidization medium and a gasification reactant.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the operating temperature is between 600° C. and 800° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reacting the volume of feedstock and the volume of oxygen-enriched air with the thermal reformer to produce a raw syngas stream takes place at substantially atmospheric pressure.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the volume of feedstock comprises ...

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Номер записи: 30
02-04-2015 дата публикации

Method and Device for the Entrained Flow Gasification of Solid Fuels under Pressure

Номер: US20150090938A1
Автор: Gräbner Martin, Meyer Bernd, Pardemann Robert
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a process and apparatus for entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure, characterized in that first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are supplied in at least two stages to a powdery gasification stream input from above without burners so that a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to it, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed. There is partial gasification of the gasification materials because of the addition of the first gasification agents, which are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition; temperatures arise in the first, upper gasification chamber that are greater than 600° C. Furthermore, the carbon conversion of the first gasification products is limited to a maximum of 80% with reference to the carbon input of the gasification materials. Because of the addition of the second gasification agents that are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition, temperatures arise in the second gasification chamber that are so high that complete gasification takes place for the most part and the desired composition of the raw synthesis gases of the second gasification products is achieved. In the process, the ashes are discharged in a dry form and/or in the form of melted slag. 1. Method for the entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure by means of an entrained flow gasifier with a pressure reactor with two gasification chambers anda vertically downwards flow,into which powdery gasification materials are input from above,to which first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are added in at least two stages, so a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to that, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed, andfrom which gasification products that are comprised of raw synthesis gases loaded with liquid slag and/or solids are discharged downwards out of the gasification chambers,characterized in thatthe powdery gasification materials are input ...

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Номер записи: 31
25-03-2021 дата публикации

Method For The Production Of Synthesis Gas

Номер: US20210087481A1
Автор: BRAND Stefan, DREISER Christian, LADE Oliver, STEFANIDIS Georgios, WACHSEN Olaf
Принадлежит: CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD.

Disclosed is a process for the production of synthesis gas by plasma gasification of solid and/or liquid carbon-containing or hydrocarbon-containing material comprising the steps: (i) providing a solid and/or liquid feedstock comprising particulate carbon- or hydrocarbon-containing material or a mixture of both, (ii) providing a carrier gas and combining this with the solid or liquid feedstock, (iii) feeding said solid or liquid feedstock and said carrier gas as a feed stream into a reactor comprising a reaction chamber or into a vaporizer which is arranged upstream to said reactor, (iv) introducing a swirl gas into the reactor which swirls around the feed stream and covers the interior walls of the reactor, (v) treating said feed stream downstream the introduction of the swirl gas into the reactor with a hot plasma to generate a product stream comprising synthesis gas from said carbon- or hydrocarbon-containing material in the reaction chamber, (vi) removing the product stream from the reaction chamber, and (vii) separating the solid ingredients from the gaseous ingredients of the product stream. 1. A process for the production of synthesis gas by plasma gasification of solid and/or liquid carbon-containing or hydrocarbon-containing material comprising the steps:(i) providing a solid and/or liquid feedstock comprising particulate carbon- or hydrocarbon-containing material or a mixture of both,(ii) providing a carrier gas and combining the carrier gas with the solid and/or liquid feedstock,(iii) feeding the solid and/or liquid feedstock and the carrier gas as a feed stream into a reactor comprising a reaction chamber or into a vaporizer which is arranged upstream to the said-reactor,(iv) introducing a swirl gas into the reactor which swirls around the feed stream and covers the interior walls of the reactor,(v) treating the feed stream downstream the introduction of the swirl gas into the reactor with a hot plasma to generate a product stream comprising synthesis ...

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Номер записи: 32
19-06-2014 дата публикации

GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF ADJUSTING A PIPING ARRANGEMENT OF A GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20140170035A1
Автор: Kassman Jerrold Samuel
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

A gasification system includes a reaction chamber having an inlet for receiving a feedstock for conversion to a gas. Also included is a quench chamber configured to cool the gas. Further included is a quench ring operably coupled to a water supply pipe for receiving water therein, the quench ring configured to provide a water flow to the quench chamber. Yet further included is a sealing component disposed at a coupling interface between the quench ring and the water supply pipe. 1. A gasification system comprising:a reaction chamber having an inlet for receiving a feedstock for conversion to a gas;a quench chamber configured to cool the gas;a quench ring operably coupled to a water supply pipe for receiving water therein, the quench ring configured to provide a water flow to the quench chamber; anda sealing component disposed at a coupling interface between the quench ring and the water supply pipe.2. The gasification system of claim 1 , wherein the sealing component comprises a packing gland.3. The gasification system of claim 1 , wherein the sealing component comprises a stuffing box.4. The gasification system of claim 1 , wherein the coupling interface comprises engagement of an interface flange of the water supply pipe and a mating flange of the quench ring.5. The gasification system of claim 4 , wherein the interface flange and the mating flange are mechanically fastened to each other.6. The gasification system of claim 4 , wherein the sealing component is coupled to the interface flange.7. The gasification system of claim 4 , wherein the sealing component is coupled to the mating flange.8. The gasification system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of water supply pipes operably coupled to the quench ring claim 1 , each of the plurality of water supply pipes having the sealing component disposed in close proximity thereto.9. The gasification system of claim 8 , wherein the plurality of water supply pipes comprises a first water supply pipe and a second ...

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Номер записи: 33
05-05-2022 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF DENSIFIED TEXTILES AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Номер: US20220135893A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Densified textile aggregates are co-fed with a fuel into a partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock composition can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock composition stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The syngas quality, composition, and throughput are suitable for produce a wide range of chemicals.

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Номер записи: 34
05-04-2018 дата публикации

BURNER NOZZLE WITH BACKFLOW PREVENTION FOR A FLUIDIZED BED BIOGASIFIER

Номер: US20180094199A1
Автор: Bull Douglas R., CAIRNEY Paul, Cox Gerald M., Gardner Benjamin F., Jepson William P., Patten Ross M.
Принадлежит:

A fluidized bed biogasifier is provided for gasifying biosolids. A feeder feeds biosolids into a reactor vessel at a desired feed rate during steady-state operation. A fluidized bed in the base of the reactor vessel has a cross-sectional area that is proportional to at least the fuel feed rate such that the superficial velocity of gas is in the range of 0.1 m/s to 3 m/s. The biosolids are heated inside the fluidized bed reactor to a temperature range between 900° F. and 1700° F. in an oxygen-starved environment having a sub stoichiometric oxygen level, whereby the biosolids are gasified. A burner system having a hooded nozzle below the fluidized bed in the reactor vessel provides high temperature gas to the biogasifier. 19-. (canceled)10. A method for gasifying biosolids comprising the steps of: a reactor vessel;', 'a freeboard section of said reactor vessel;', 'a feeder for feeding biosolids into said reactor vessel, said feeder being configured to feed said biosolids into said reactor vessel at a biosolids fuel feed rate during steady-state operation of the biogasifier; and', 'a fluidized bed in a bed section of said reactor vessel;', 'wherein the freeboard section has a greater diameter than the fluidized bed;, 'feeding biosolids in a fluidized bed biogasifier, the biogasifier havingproviding gas to said fluidized bed; andheating and reacting said biosolids inside said biogasifier, whereby biosolids are gasified.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the step of providing gas to said fluidized bed comprises providing high temperature gas below the fluidized bed.12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the step of providing gas to said fluidized bed comprises providing high temperature gas through a nozzle claim 10 , where the nozzle is below the fluidized bed.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the nozzle includes a hood claim 12 , where the hood restricts solids from flowing into the nozzle.14. The method of claim 12 , further comprising the step of providing ...

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Номер записи: 35
02-06-2022 дата публикации

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Номер: US20220169933A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

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Номер записи: 36
09-06-2022 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF DENSIFIED TEXTILES AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20220177790A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Densified textile aggregates are co-fed with a fuel into a partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock composition can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock composition stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The syngas quality, composition, and throughput are suitable for produce a wide range of chemicals. 4. A feedstock composition according to comprising densified textiles claim 1 , a solid fossil fuel claim 1 , and water claim 1 , wherein the densified textiles have a particle size of not more than 2 mm claim 1 , and the solid fossil fuel in the feedstock composition has a particle size of less than 2 mm claim 1 , the solids content in the slurry is at least 62 wt. % claim 1 , the amount of densified textiles present in the feedstock stream slurry composition is 0.1 wt. % to less than 5 wt. % based on the weight of all solids claim 1 , and the water is at least 20 wt. % based on the weight of the feedstock slurry composition claim 1 , and wherein either:a. the slurry is stable as determined by having an initial viscosity of 100,000 cP or less at 5 minutes, or 10 minutes, or 15 minutes, or 20 minutes, or 25 minutes, or even for 30 minutes using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 rpm, measured at ambient conditions; orb. the slurry is pumpable as determined by having a viscosity of less than 30,000 cP, or not more than 18,000 cP after mixing to obtain a homogeneous distribution of solids throughout the slurry and using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1. ...

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Номер записи: 37
27-04-2017 дата публикации

BIOMASS HIGH EFFICIENCY HYDROTHERMAL REFORMER

Номер: US20170114291A1
Автор: BLEVINS Randy, Pearson Joshua B., WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A mixing apparatus for producing a feedstock for a reformer, the mixing apparatus including at least one mixing vessel comprising a cylindrical vessel with a conical bottom; a steam inlet configured for introducing steam into the conical bottom; a carbonaceous material inlet configured for introducing a carbonaceous feed into the cylindrical vessel; and an outlet for a reformer feedstock comprising at least 0.3 pounds of steam per pound of carbonaceous material, with the at least one mixing vessel configured for operation at a pressure of greater than about 10 psig. 1. A method of producing synthesis gas , the method comprising:mixing a carbonaceous feed comprising at least one carbonaceous material with superheated steam to produce a reformer feedstock; andreforming the reformer feedstock to produce a first synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, and carbon monoxide by introducing the reformer feedstock into a plurality of coiled tubes within a reformer at a reformer temperature and a reformer pressure at which at least a portion of the reformer feedstock is converted to synthesis gas.2. The method of wherein the reformer feedstock comprises less than or equal to about 1 lb of superheated steam per pound of carbonaceous material.3. The method of wherein the carbonaceous feed comprises primarily biomass.4. The method of wherein the carbonaceous feed further comprises a mixture of spent catalyst and liquid Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons produced as a byproduct of downstream conversion of the synthesis gas to Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbons.5. The method of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a height in the range of from about 40 feet to about 100 feet and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height.6. The method of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a coil length in the range of from about 400 feet to about 900 feet.7. The method of further comprising maintaining the reformer temperature via combustion of a fuel.8. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 38
07-05-2015 дата публикации

FUEL SLURRY HEATING SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20150123040A1
Автор: Ayala Raul Eduardo, Kanniappan Sivaguru, Sengottaiyan Murugaraja, Sivagurunathan Karunagaran, Steele Raymond Douglas, Wang Dejia, Yang Zhaohui, Zhou Yan
Принадлежит:

The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for heating a slurry to increase a solids concentration of the slurry while maintaining the viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity. For example, in one embodiment, a system includes a fuel slurry preparation system having a slurry tank configured to hold a fuel slurry, the fuel slurry having a solid fuel and a liquid. The fuel slurry preparation system also includes a heat source and a controller configured to control the heat source to heat the fuel slurry to decrease a viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity. 1. A method for generating a fuel slurry for a gasification process , comprising:monitoring one or more parameters of the fuel slurry in a vessel with a controller, wherein the one or more parameters comprise a viscosity of the fuel slurry and a solids concentration of the fuel slurry, and the fuel slurry comprises a solid fuel and a liquid; andmaintaining the fuel slurry below an upper viscosity threshold by heating the fuel slurry in the vessel, wherein the upper viscosity threshold is at a transition between a pumpable viscosity and an unpumpable viscosity of the fuel slurry by a slurry pump configured to pump the fuel slurry.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising removing a portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry to increase the solids concentration of the fuel slurry after heating the fuel slurry.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein removing the portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry comprises removing the portion of the liquid from the fuel slurry via a liquid removal unit disposed downstream of the vessel.4. The method of claim 1 , comprising adding additional fuel to the fuel slurry to increase the solids concentration of the fuel slurry after heating the fuel slurry.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein adding the additional fuel to the fuel slurry comprises adding the additional fuel to the fuel slurry via a fuel supply unit disposed downstream of the vessel.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 39
03-05-2018 дата публикации

DIRECT REDUCTION WITH COAL GASIFICATION AND COKE OVEN GAS

Номер: US20180119236A1
Автор: MICHISHITA Haruyasu, Winter John
Принадлежит: MIDREX TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

A method and apparatus for producing direct reduced iron (DRI), including: generating a reducing gas in a coal gasifier using coal, oxygen, steam, and a first coke oven gas (COG) stream as inputs to the coal gasifier; and delivering the reducing gas to a shaft furnace and exposing iron ore agglomerates to the reducing gas to form metallic iron agglomerates. The method further includes delivering a second COG stream directly to the shaft furnace. 1. A method for producing direct reduced iron (DRI) , comprising:generating a reducing gas in a coal gasifier using coal, oxygen, steam, and a first coke oven gas (COG) stream as inputs to the coal gasifier; anddelivering the reducing gas to a shaft furnace and exposing iron ore agglomerates to the reducing gas to form metallic iron agglomerates.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising delivering a second COG stream to the shaft furnace.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising delivering the second COG stream to one or more of a transition zone and a cooling zone below a primary reducing zone within the shaft furnace.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing sulfur from the reducing gas prior to delivering the reducing gas to the shaft furnace.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising heating the reducing gas prior to delivering the reducing gas to the shaft furnace.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising compressing the first COG stream.7. The method of claim 2 , further comprising compressing the second COG stream.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing one or more of tar and heavy hydrocarbons from the first COG stream.9. The method of claim 2 , further comprising removing one or more of tar and heavy hydrocarbons from the second COG stream.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coke oven gas stream is input to the coal gasifier coincident with the oxygen.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first coke oven gas stream is input to the coal gasifier coincident with ...

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Номер записи: 40
01-09-2022 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Номер: US20220275298A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 19-. (canceled)10. A feedstock slurry composition comprising recycle plastics , a solid fossil fuel , and water , wherein the recycle plastics have a particle size of not more than 2 mm , and the solid fossil fuel in the feedstock composition has a particle size of less than 2 mm , the solids content in the slurry is at least 62 wt. % , the amount of recycle plastics present in the feedstock stream slurry composition is 0.1 wt. % and up to 25 wt. % based on the weight of all solids , and the water is at least 20 wt. % based on the weight of the feedstock slurry composition , and wherein either:a. the slurry is stable as determined by having an initial viscosity of 100,000 cP or less at 5 minutes using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 rpm, measured at ambient conditions; orb. the slurry is pumpable as determined by having a viscosity of less than 30,000 cP after mixing to obtain a homogeneous distribution of solids throughout the slurry and using a Brookfield R/S Rheometer equipped with V80-40 vane operating at a shear rate of 1.83/s or a Brookfield viscometer with an LV-2 spindle rotating at a rate of 0.5 measured at ambient conditions, orc. both.11. ...

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Номер записи: 41
19-05-2016 дата публикации

ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFIER AND METHOD FOR REMOVING MOLTEN SLAG

Номер: US20160137935A1
Автор: Fusselman Steven P., YOWS Stephen Arthur
Принадлежит: GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE

An entrained-flow gasifier reactor includes a vessel and a first liner within the vessel. The first liner extends around a reaction zone in the vessel and has an inlet end and an exit end with respect to the reaction zone. The first liner includes a drip lip at the exit end. An isolator is arranged near the drip lip. The isolator is operable to thermally isolate the drip lip from a quench zone downstream from the reaction zone such that molten slag at the drip lip remains molten. 1. An entrained-flow gasifier reactor comprising:a vessel;a first liner within the vessel, the first liner extending around a reaction zone in the vessel and having an inlet end and an exit end with respect to the reaction zone;a drip lip at the exit end of the first liner;an isolator arranged near the drip lip, the isolator operable to thermally isolate the drip lip from a quench zone downstream of the reaction zone such that molten slag at the drip lip remains molten.2. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 1 , wherein the isolator diverges from the exit end of the first liner.3. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 1 , wherein the isolator is an internally-cooled liner.4. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 1 , wherein the isolator extends circumferentially around the drip lip.5. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 4 , wherein there is a radial gap between the isolator and the drip lip.6. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a second liner arranged downstream from the first liner claim 1 , the second liner extending around the quench zone in the vessel.7. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 6 , wherein the first liner and the second liner are each internally cooled.8. The entrained-flow gasifier reactor as recited in claim 6 , wherein the first liner has a maximum diameter and the second liner has a minimum diameter that is greater than the maximum ...

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Номер записи: 42
18-05-2017 дата публикации

VARIOUS METHODS AND APPARATUSES FOR MULTI-STAGE SYNTHESIS GAS GENERATION

Номер: US20170137284A1
Автор: Perkins Christopher, Simmons Wayne W., White Sidney P.
Принадлежит:

A multiple stage synthesis gas generation system is disclosed including a high radiant heat flux reactor, a gasifier reactor control system, and a Steam Methane Reformer (SMR) reactor. The SMR reactor is in parallel and cooperates with the high radiant heat flux reactor to produce a high quality syngas mixture for MeOH synthesis. The resultant products from the two reactors may be used for the MeOH synthesis. The SMR provides hydrogen rich syngas to be mixed with the potentially carbon monoxide rich syngas from the high radiant heat flux reactor. The combination of syngas component streams from the two reactors can provide the required hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio for methanol synthesis. The SMR reactor control system and a gasifier reactor control system interact to produce a high quality syngas mixture for the MeOH synthesis. 1. A multiple stage synthesis gas generation system , comprising:a high-radiant heat-flux reactor configured to receive biomass particles that undergo a biomass gasification reaction in the reactor at greater than 950 degrees C., via primarily due to a radiant heat emitted from the high-radiant heat-flux reactor, to produce reactant products including ash and syngas products of hydrogen and carbon monoxide coming out of an exit of the high-radiant heat-flux reactor;a Steam Methane Reformer (SMR) reactor configured to receive a methane-based gas, where the SMR reactor is in parallel to and cooperates with the high-radiant heat-flux reactor to produce a high quality syngas mixture for methanol synthesis between the resultant reactant products coming from the two reactors, wherein the SMR provides 1) hydrogen gas, 2) a hydrogen-rich syngas composition, in which a ratio of hydrogen-to-carbon monoxide is higher than a ratio generally needed for methanol synthesis, and 3) any combination of the two, to be mixed with a potentially carbon-monoxide-rich syngas composition, in which a ratio of carbon monoxide to hydrogen is higher than the ratio ...

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Номер записи: 43
14-08-2014 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS GASIFICATION REACTOR, AND GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20140223822A1
Автор: VAN DEN BERG Robert Erwin, VAN DER PLOEG Hendrik Jan, Van Dongen Franciscus Gerardus, VON KOSSAK-GLOWCZEWSKI Thomas Paul, ZUIDEVELD Pieter Lammert
Принадлежит: SHELL OIL COMPANY

A method and system for producing synthesis gas comprising CO, CO, and Hfrom a carbonaceous stream using an oxygen containing stream. A stream containing a carbonaceous material, and a stream containing oxygen are injected into a gasification reactor, where the carbonaceous stream is partially oxidised to obtain a raw synthesis gas. The raw synthesis gas is removed from the gasification reactor and directed into a quenching section wherein a liquid, preferably water, is injected in the form of a mist. 3. A system for producing a synthesis gas comprising CO , CO , and H , the system comprising:a gasification reactor having an inlet for an oxygen containing stream, an inlet for a carbonaceous material containing stream, and, an outlet for raw synthesis gas produced in the gasification reactor;a quenching section connected to the outlet of the gasification reactor for the raw synthesis gas;wherein the quenching section comprises at least one first injector adapted for injecting a liquid in the quenching section in the form of a mist.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the liquid comprises water.5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first injector during operation injects the mist in a direction away from the gasification reactor.6. The system of claim 3 , wherein the quenching section comprises a second injector adapted for injecting a shielding fluid at least partially surrounding the mist injected by the at least one first injector. The present application is a divisional application of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/416,432, filed May 2, 2006, which claims the benefit of European Application No. 05103619.2, filed May 2, 2005, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.In one aspect, the present invention relates to a method of producing synthesis gas comprising CO, CO, and Hfrom a carbonaceous stream using an oxygen containing stream.In another aspect, the invention relates to a gasification reactor for performing said method.In still another aspect ...

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Номер записи: 44
02-06-2016 дата публикации

Biomass to Transportation Fuels Using a Fischer-Tropsch Process

Номер: US20160152905A1
Автор: Hohman Jerrod Wayne, Jack Douglas S., Kelfkens Renus C., Simmons Wayne W., White Sidney P.
Принадлежит:

An integrated plant to generate chemical grade syngas from a steam biomass reforming in a multiple stage bio reforming reactor for use with either a high temperature or low temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process to produce fuel from biomass is discussed. The first stage has a reactor to cause a chemical devolatilization of a biomass feedstock from the biomass feedstock supply lines into its constituent gases of CO, H2, CO2, CH4, tars, chars, and other components into a raw syngas mixture. A second stage performs further reforming of the raw syngas from the first stage into the chemical grade syngas by further applying heat and pressure to chemically crack at least the tars, reform the CH4, or a combination of both, into their corresponding syngas molecules. The second stage feeds the chemical grade syngas derived from the biomass feedstock to the downstream Fischer-Tropsch train to produce the fuel from the biomass. One or more recycle loops supply tail gas or FT product back into the plant. 1. An integrated plant to generate chemical grade syngas from a bio reforming reactor for use with either a high temperature or low temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process to produce fuel from biomass , comprising:an interconnected set of two or more stages forming the bio reforming reactor, where a first stage structurally includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that circulates a heat absorbing media, where the first stage structurally also includes one or more steam inputs and one or more biomass feedstock supply lines into the circulating fluidized bed reactor of the first stage, where the first stage is structured and configured so that the circulating fluidized bed reactor causes a chemical devolatilization of a biomass feedstock from the biomass feedstock supply lines into its constituent gases of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), tars, chars and other components into a raw syngas mixture, where the second stage has ...

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Номер записи: 45
16-05-2019 дата публикации

GASIFICATION WITH ENRICHED OXYGEN FOR PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS

Номер: US20190144768A1
Автор: Harandi Mohsen N., Rajagopalan Suriyanarayanan
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods are provided for producing high quality synthesis gas from a fluidized coking system that includes an integrated gasifier. Additionally or alternately, systems and methods are provided for integrating a fluidized coking process, a coke gasification process, and processes for production of compounds from the synthesis gas generated during the coke gasification. The integrated process can also allow for reduced or minimized production of inorganic nitrogen compounds by using oxygen from an air separation unit as the oxygen source for gasification. Although the amount of nitrogen introduced as a diluent into the gasification will be reduced, minimized, or eliminated, the integrated process can also allow for gasification of coke while reducing, minimizing, or eliminating production of slag or other glass-like substances in the gasifier. Examples of compounds that can be produced from the synthesis gas include, but are not limited to, methanol, ammonia, and urea. 1. A method for producing synthesis gas or products derived from synthesis gas , comprising:exposing a feedstock comprising a T10 distillation point of 343° C. or more to a fluidized bed comprising solid particles in a reactor under thermal cracking conditions to form a 343° C.− liquid product, the thermal cracking conditions comprising 10 wt % or more conversion of the feedstock relative to 343° C., the thermal cracking conditions being effective for depositing coke on the solid particles;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'introducing an oxygen stream comprising O, a diluent stream comprising CO, HS, other inorganic gases, or a combination thereof, and steam into a gasifier, the oxygen stream comprising 55 vol % or more of Oprior to combining the oxygen stream with at least one of the diluent stream and the steam;'}passing at least a portion of the solid particles comprising deposited coke from the reactor to the gasifier;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'exposing the at least a portion of the solid ...

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Номер записи: 46
07-05-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION CO-GENERATION PROCESS OF COAL POWDER IN A Y-TYPE ENTRAINED FLOW BED

Номер: US20200140769A1
Автор: Jiang Yuan, Qiao Yingyun, Tian Yuanyu, Xie Kechang, Zhang Jinhong, Zong Peijie
Принадлежит: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)

A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed, comprising: spraying coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles for performing combustion and gasification with a residence time of 10 s or more; chilling the resulting slag with water, and subjecting the chilled slag to a dry method slagging to obtain gasification slag used as cement clinker; discharging the produced crude syngas carrying fine ash from the Y-type entrained flow bed to perform ash-slag separation. 1. A gasification co-generation process of coal powder in a Y-type entrained flow bed , comprising the following steps:(1) mixing coal with lime powder to obtain coal powder, or mixing the coal, lime powder and water to obtain coal water slurry; in the coal water slurry or coal powder, the weight ratio of calcium to aluminum is 2-4:1, the weight ratio of calcium to silicon is 1-4:1, and the weight ratio of calcium to iron is 1-3:1;(2) introducing the coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor into a gasification furnace of a Y-type entrained flow bed, and performing combustion and gasification at a temperature range of 1,300-2,000° C., so as to produce a crude syngas and slag at a temperature range of 1300-2000° C.;wherein the coal water slurry or coal powder, gasification agent and water vapor are sprayed into the gasification furnace through a top nozzle and a plurality of side nozzles of the gasification furnace, and collide, ignite and turbulently mix with each other at the combustion chamber center of the gasification furnace, to form a rotational strike and high temperature reaction zone; the residence time of a residual ash generated by the combustion and gasification in the rotational strike and high temperature reaction zone is 10 s or more;the residual ash is thrown toward the furnace wall of the gasification furnace and swirled ...

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Номер записи: 47
11-06-2015 дата публикации

FUEL GASIFICATION SYSTEM, CONTROL METHOD AND CONTROL PROGRAM THEREFOR, AND FUEL GASIFICATION COMBINED POWER GENERATION SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH FUEL GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20150159096A1
Автор: Fujii Takashi, Ishii Hiromi, Koyama Yoshinori, TSUTSUMI Takanori
Принадлежит:

It is intended to provide a fuel gasification system, a control method and a control program for the fuel gasification system, and a fuel gasification combined power generation system provided with the fuel gasification system, whereby even when types and properties of the fuel changes, a calorific value of combustible gas produced by gasification of the fuel is stable while increase or decrease in the amount of char generation is suppressed. A control device () of a fuel gasification system () controls, depending on an indicator corresponding to the calorific value (SG calorific value) of the combustible gas, the supply of the fuel to a gasification furnace () and the supply of the oxygen gas to the gasification furnace () so as to change a ratio of the supply of the oxygen gas to the supply of the air supplied to the gasification furnace (). 1. A fuel gasification system comprising:a gasification furnace configured to combust and gasify fuel so as to generate combustible gas;an air supply device configured to supply air to the gasification furnace;a oxygen-enriched oxidizer supply device including an air separator for separating air into nitrogen gas and oxygen gas, the oxygen-enriched oxidizer supply device being configured to supply the oxygen gas separated by the air separator to the gasification furnace;a fuel supply device configured to supply the fuel to the gasification furnace by using the nitrogen gas separated by the air separator; anda control device configured to control the air supply device, the oxygen-enriched oxidizer supply device and the fuel supply device, the control device being configured to control, depending on an indicator that corresponds to a calorific value of the combustible gas, an amount of the fuel supplied to the gasification furnace and an amount of the oxygen gas supplied to the gasification furnace so as to change a ratio of the amount of the oxygen gas supplied to the gasification furnace to the amount of the air supplied to ...

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Номер записи: 48
11-06-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS SLAG HANDLING WITH DIRECT COOLING

Номер: US20150159097A1
Автор: Norris Whitney Tolbert, Steele Raymond Douglas, Yen Hsien-Chin William
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

A system includes a quench chamber configured to continuously receive a mixture of a gas and slag, and a downstream end portion coupled to the quench chamber. The quench chamber includes a quench sump configured to continuously separate the gas from the slag in the mixture via a quench liquid. The downstream end portion is configured to continuously convey a slag slurry to a depressurization system. The downstream end portion includes a cooling system configured to directly cool the slag slurry with a cooling fluid, and the slag slurry includes the separated slag and at least a portion of the cooling fluid 1. A system comprising:a quench chamber configured to continuously receive a mixture of a gas and slag, wherein the quench chamber comprises a quench sump configured to continuously separate the gas from the slag in the mixture via a quench liquid; anda downstream end portion coupled to the quench chamber, wherein the downstream end portion is configured to continuously convey a slag slurry to a depressurization system, the downstream end portion comprises a cooling system configured to directly cool the slag slurry with a cooling fluid, and the slag slurry comprises the separated slag and at least a portion of the cooling fluid.2. The system of claim 1 , comprising one or more slag crushers configured to receive the slag slurry.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the cooling system is disposed at least partially between a first slag crusher of the one or more slag crushers and a second slag crusher of the one or more slag crushers.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the cooling system is disposed at least partially upstream of the one or more slag crushers.5. The system of claim 1 , comprising a slag crusher coupled to the downstream end portion.6. The system of claim 1 , comprising a reactor coupled to the quench chamber claim 1 , wherein the reactor is configured to react a carbonaceous feedstock to generate the gas and the slag.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 49
14-05-2020 дата публикации

All-Steam Gasification for Supercritical CO2 Cycle System

Номер: US20200148963A1
Автор: Parkes John, Todd Douglas M., Wormser Alex
Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical COpower cycle system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying gas, and steam where the gasification chamber provides syngas, ash, and steam. A combustion chamber receives syngas and an oxidant and burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. A syngas cooler cools the syngas and generates steam and provides to a supercritical COpower cycle system that performs a supercritical COpower cycle for generating power. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical COpower cycle system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer, the micronized char preparation system being configured to receive solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and to produce micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles at one or more outlets; i) a vessel comprising a gasification chamber, the vessel being configured to receive the micronized char from the one or more outlets of the micronized char preparation system, a conveying gas, and steam, the gasification chamber providing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and', {'sub': '2', 'ii) a combustion chamber being configured to receive syngas and an oxidant and to burn the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO, the combustion chamber being further configured to transfer heat for gasification from the ...

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Номер записи: 50
16-06-2016 дата публикации

FLUIDIZED BED BIOGASIFIER AND METHOD FOR GASIFYING BIOSOLIDS

Номер: US20160168492A1
Автор: Bull Douglas R., CAIRNEY Paul, Cox Gerald M., Jepson William P., Patten Ross M.
Принадлежит:

A fluidized bed biogasifier is provided for gasifying biosolids. The biogasifier includes a reactor vessel and a feeder for feeding biosolids into the reactor vessel at a desired feed rate during steady-state operation of the biogasifier. A fluidized bed in the base of the reactor vessel has a cross-sectional area that is proportional to at least the fuel feed rate such that the superficial velocity of gas is in the range of 0.1 m/s (0.33 ft/s) to 3 m/s (9.84 ft/s). In a method for gasifying biosolids, biosolids are fed into a fluidized bed reactor. Oxidant gases are applied to the fluidized bed reactor to produce a superficial velocity of producer gas in the range of 0.1 m/s (0.33 ft/s) to 3 m/s (9.84 ft/s). The biosolids are heated inside the fluidized bed reactor to a temperature range between 900° F. (482.2° C.) and 1700° F. (926.7° C.) in an oxygen-starved environment having a sub-stoichiometric oxygen level, whereby the biosolids are gasified. 1. A method for gasifying biosolids obtained from sewage sludge , comprising: a reactor vessel;', 'a freeboard section having a diameter of at least 57 inches and a height of at least 10 feet;', 'a feeder for feeding biosolids into said reactor vessel, said feeder being configured to feed said biosolids into said reactor vessel at a biosolids fuel feed rate during steady-state operation of the biogasifier; and', 'a fluidized bed in a bed section of said reactor vessel, said fluidized bed having a diameter of at least 45 inches;', 'wherein the freeboard section has a greater diameter than the fluidized bed,', 'and further wherein a ratio of a height of the bed section of the reactor vessel to a depth of the fluidized bed is 1.5;, 'receiving biosolids in a fluidized bed biogasifier, the biogasifier havingintroducing gas to said fluidized bed reactor; andheating and reacting said biosolids inside said biogasifier, whereby biosolids are gasified.2. The method for gasifying biosolids in accordance with claim 1 , wherein a ...

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Номер записи: 51
14-06-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS FROM A SOLID CARBON-CONTAINING SUBSTANCE USING A REACTOR HAVING HOLLOW ENGINEERED PARTICLES

Номер: US20180163148A1
Автор: Chandran Ravi, Newport Dave G., Whitney Hamilton Sean Michael, Zenz Jonathan A.
Принадлежит: Thermochem Recovery International, Inc.

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids. 1100. A reactor () for producing carbon monoxide , carbon dioxide , and hydrogen from a solid carbon-containing substance , comprising:(a) a fluidized bed comprising bed material in the form of hollow engineered particles selected from the group consisting of alumina, zirconia, sand, olivine sand, limestone, dolomite and metal catalyst;{'b': '160', '(b) a freeboard () located above a bed level of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 700', '160', '100', '700, '(c) a cyclone () positioned within the freeboard () of the reactor (), the cyclone () configured to capture and recycle entrained bed material and char particles to the fluidized bed;'}{'b': 160', '160, 'sub': 2', '2, '(d) a plurality of fluid addition stages located in the freeboard (), the plurality of fluid addition stages configured to introduce a mixture of oxygen and superheated steam to the freeboard () to promote conversion of char into CO, CO, and H;'}{'b': 140', '130, '(e) a distributor () configured to accept and distribute a fluidization media () comprising oxygen and superheated steam into the bed material of the fluidized bed;'}{'b': ...

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Номер записи: 52
25-06-2015 дата публикации

SYNGAS COOLER

Номер: US20150175915A1
Автор: Amineni Naresh, KARMAKAR Pallab, SRIPADA Rajeshwar, Vij Atul Kumar
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

A system includes a gasifier that may gasify a feedstock to produce a syngas and a syngas cooler that includes a cooling chamber having a tapered configuration. The cooling chamber includes a first section that may separate particulates from the syngas and includes a first opening and a second opening. The first opening has a smaller width than the second opening. The system also includes a second section in fluid communication with the first section that includes a plurality of tubes surrounding the first section. A first portion of the plurality of tubes is arranged parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cooling chamber and a second portion of the plurality of tubes is angled such that the second portion of the plurality of tubes forms the tapered configuration. The system further includes a passage to flow a seal gas between a shell of the radiant syngas cooler and the second section. The shell encloses the cooling chamber. 1. A system , comprising:a gasifier configured to gasify a feedstock to produce a syngas; and a first section configured to separate particulates from the syngas and comprising a first opening and a second opening, wherein the first opening has a smaller width than the second opening;', 'a second section in fluid communication with the first section comprising a plurality of tubes surrounding the first section, wherein a first portion of the plurality of tubes is arranged parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cooling chamber, and wherein a second portion of the plurality of tubes is angled such that the second portion of the plurality of tubes forms the tapered configuration; and', 'a passage configured to flow a seal gas between a shell of the radiant syngas cooler and the second section, wherein the shell encloses the cooling chamber., 'a syngas cooler comprising a cooling chamber having a tapered configuration, wherein the cooling chamber comprises2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the plurality of tubes at least ...

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Номер записи: 53
23-06-2016 дата публикации

BURNER, REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFICATION OF A HYDROCARBON FEED

Номер: US20160178195A1
Автор: De Jong Johannes Cornelis, Disselhorst Johannes Hermanus Maria, GAO Chengming, SCHOUWENAAR Robert
Принадлежит:

Process, reactor and burner for the gasification of a hydrocarbon fuel. The burner comprises coaxial channels for the separate supply of an oxidizer gas, a hydrocarbon fuel and a moderator gas. A coaxial channel with the smallest width is bordered by a separating wall with at least one gas exchange. The gas exchange passage can for example be formed by a retracted end of the separating wall and/or by openings in the separating wall. 1. Burner for the gasification of a hydrocarbon fuel , the burner comprising:coaxial channels for the separate supply of an oxidizer gas, a hydrocarbon fuel and a moderator gas, wherein a coaxial channel with the smallest width is bordered by a separating wall with at least one gas exchange passage, the gas exchange passage being formed by at least one opening in the separating wall.2. The burner of claim 1 , comprising a retracted end of the separating wall.3. The burner of claim 2 , wherein the retracted end is retracted over a distance of 1 to 6 times the width of the narrowest channel.4. The burner of claim 3 , wherein the retracted end is retracted over a distance of 2 to 4 times the width of the narrowest channel.5. (canceled)6. The burner of claim 1 , wherein the total area of the one or more openings in the separating wall is between 0.3 and 3 times the outlet area of the narrowest channel claim 1 , e.g. claim 1 , between 0.6 and 1.5 times the outlet area of the narrowest channel.7. The burner of claim 1 , wherein the coaxial channels are connected to inlet passages for the separate supply of one or more hydrocarbon fuels claim 1 , an oxidizer gas and a moderator gas.8. The burner of wherein a channel connected to an inlet for a moderator gas is adjacent to a channel connected to an inlet for an oxidizer gas claim 7 , wherein the wall separating said channels is provided with the at least one gas exchange passage.9. The burner of claim 8 , wherein the channel with the smallest width is connected to an inlet passage for the supply ...

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Номер записи: 54
02-07-2015 дата публикации

Solids Circulation System and Method For Capture and Conversion of Reactive Solids

Номер: US20150184091A1
Автор: Dave G. Newport, Hamilton Sean Michael Whitney, Jonathan A. Zenz, Ravi Chandran
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A solids circulation system receives a gas stream containing char or other reacting solids from a first reactor. The solids circulation system includes a cyclone configured to receive the gas stream from the first reactor, a dipleg from the cyclone to a second reactor, and a riser from the second reactor which merges with the gas stream received by the cyclone. The second reactor has a dense fluid bed and converts the received materials to gaseous products. A conveying fluid transports a portion of the bed media from the second reactor through the riser to mix with the gas stream prior to cyclone entry. The bed media helps manipulate the solids that is received by the cyclone to facilitate flow of solids down the dipleg into the second reactor. The second reactor provides additional residence time, mixing and gas-solid contact for efficient conversion of char or reacting solids.

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Номер записи: 55
08-07-2021 дата публикации

PULSE DETONATION SHOCKWAVE GASIFIER

Номер: US20210207047A1
Автор: Taylor Donald Gene
Принадлежит:

Gasifiers, gasification systems, and methods for producing synthesis gas are disclosed. A gasifier can include a gasifier body. A feeder can be positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body. A pulse detonation burner can be located under or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or to operate as an entrained flow reactor. An outlet can be located at the gasifier body to allow removal of synthesis gas, residual ash, and other reaction products. 1. A pulsed detonation shockwave gasifier comprising:a gasifier body;a feeder positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body; 'under the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves downward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material as an entrained flow reactor; and', 'a pulse detonation burner located eitheran outlet connected to the gasifier body.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces shockwaves at a frequency of at least 2 Hz.3. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces hot gas at a temperature from 750° C. to 3000° C.4. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner is located under the gasifier body and the gasifier body comprises a conical portion expanding upward from a lower portion of the gasifier body.5. The gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a fuel source to supply a hydrocarbon fuel to the pulse detonation burner and an oxygen-enriched air source to supply oxygen enriched air to the pulse detonation burner.6. A gasification system claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', ' ...

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Номер записи: 56
07-07-2016 дата публикации

QUENCH CHAMBER WITH INTEGRATED SCRUBBER SYSTEM

Номер: US20160194570A1
Автор: Bhattacharya Paromita, Patra Ajoy, SRIPADA Rajeshwar, VIJ ATUL
Принадлежит:

The present application provides a gasifier for creating a flow of a syngas. The gasifier may include a reaction chamber and a quench chamber. The quench chamber may include a number of integrated scrubber trays therein such that the syngas first enters a quench pool via a dip tube and then passes through the scrubber trays before leaving the quench chamber. 1. A gasifier for creating a flow of a syngas , comprising:a reaction chamber; anda quench chamber;the quench chamber comprising a plurality of integrated scrubber trays therein.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a quench ring therein.3. The gasifier of claim 2 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a dip tube extending from the quench ring.4. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a flow of water extending from the quench ring and down the dip tube.5. The gasifier of claim 4 , wherein the flow of water comprises an outer film and an inner film along the dip tube.6. The gasifier of claim 4 , wherein the flow of water is in a counter flow arrangement with a flow of cooled syngas.7. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a quench pool downstream of the dip tube.8. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays are positioned about the dip tube.9. The gasifier of claim 3 , wherein the dip tube comprises a downward path for a flow of hot syngas.10. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the quench chamber comprises a syngas outlet.11. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises a plurality of perforations therein.12. The gasifier of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises a plurality of protrusions positioned about the plurality of perforations.13. The gasifier of claim 12 , wherein the plurality of protrusions comprises a sharp claim 12 , pin-like shape.14. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of scrubber trays comprises an upward path for a flow of cooled ...

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Номер записи: 57
27-06-2019 дата публикации

Cooling screen with variable tube diameter for high gasifier power

Номер: US20190194560A1
Автор: André HERKLOTZ, Frank Hannemann, Heidrun Toth, Norbert Fischer, Tino Just
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

A liquid-cooled cooling screen for an entrained-flow gasifier for gasification of fuels in dust or liquid form using a gasifier agent containing free oxygen, at pressures between atmospheric pressure and 8 MPa and gasification temperatures between 1200 and 1900° C. The liquid-cooled cooling screen of which the cooling pipes in the central cylindrical section have thinner walls than the cooling pipes in the lower and upper conical sections. A cooling screen design has sufficient strength under high pressure difference over the cooling screen wall, a pipe wall thickness which ensures reliable operation of the cooling screen and high heat throughput, and pressure equalization between the cooling screen gap and the reaction chamber under all operating circumstances.

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Номер записи: 58
19-07-2018 дата публикации

All-Steam Gasification for Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle System

Номер: US20180201849A1
Автор: Parkes John, Todd Douglas M., Wormser Alex
Принадлежит: Wormser Energy Solutions, Inc.

A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical COpower cycle system includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer that receives solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and produces micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles. An indirect gasifier includes a vessel comprising a gasification chamber that receives the micronized char, a conveying gas, and steam where the gasification chamber provides syngas, ash, and steam. A combustion chamber receives syngas and an oxidant and burns the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO. The heat for gasification is transferred from the combustion chamber to the gasification chamber by circulating refractory sand. A syngas cooler cools the syngas and generates steam and provides to a supercritical COpower cycle system that performs a supercritical COpower cycle for generating power. 1. A carbonaceous fuel gasification system for a supercritical COpower cycle system comprising:a) a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer, the micronized char preparation system being configured to receive solid carbonaceous fuel, hydrogen, oxygen, and fluidizing steam and to produce micronized char, steam, hydrogen, and volatiles at one or more outlets; i. a vessel comprising a gasification chamber, the vessel being configured to receive the micronized char from the one or more outlets of the micronized char preparation system, a conveying gas, and steam, the gasification chamber providing syngas, ash, and steam at one or more outlets; and', {'sub': '2', 'ii. a combustion chamber being configured to receive syngas and an oxidant and to burn the mixture of syngas with the oxidant to provide heat for gasification and for heating incoming flows, thereby generating steam and CO, the combustion chamber being further configured to transfer heat for gasification from the ...

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Номер записи: 59
06-08-2015 дата публикации

COOLING AND SCRUBBING OF A CRUDE GAS FROM ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFICATION

Номер: US20150218471A1
Автор: Hannemann Frank, Schingnitz Manfred, Toth Heidrun
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for a three-stage cooling and scrubbing system for the treatment of hot crude gases and liquid slag downstream of an entrained flow gasification. Crude gas and slag are firstly cooled and prescrubbed in a first stage by injection of water from ring and/or wall nozzles into a free quench space. Crude gas and slag are then fed together with excess water into a waterbath as a second stage before intensive spraying is once again carried out as a third cooling and scrubbing stage in an annular space. 1. An apparatus for treating hot crude gases and liquid slag obtained with temperatures of 1200-1800° C. and pressures of up to 10 MPa in entrained flow gasification of fuel dust , whereina gasification reactor and a quencher is arranged beyond a gasification reactor, and the quencher and the gasification reactor are surrounded by a pressure wall;a crude gas and slag outlet connecting the gasification reactor to the quencher;the quencher having an inner wall spaced inward of the pressure wall;a waterbath located in a lower part of the quencher;a free space quench in the quencher in flow succession after the crude gas and slag outlet, the free space quench having first nozzles located and configured for injecting cooling and scrubbing water into the free space quench;a funnel in the quencher and inside the inner wall is arrayed beyond the free-space quench;the funnel having an upper end in contact with the inner wall of the quencher and having an open lower end dipping into the waterbath;an annular gap formed in a space between the funnel a surface of the waterbath and the inner wall of the quencher;a crude gas outlet connected to the annular channel for outlet of crude gas that has passed downward through the funnel and through the waterbath and upward through the waterbath and the annular channel; andsecond nozzles configured and located above the surface of the waterbath for injecting cooling and scrubbing water and arranged inside the annular channel.2. The ...

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Номер записи: 60
16-10-2014 дата публикации

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COOLING AND WASHING BIOMASS SYNGAS

Номер: US20140305044A1
Автор: LIU Wenyan, XIA Minggui, Zhang Liang, ZHANG Yanfeng
Принадлежит:

A method for cooling and washing biomass syngas, the method including the following steps: 1) introducing biomass syngas having a temperature of between 1000 and 1100° C., a dust content of less than 20 g/Nm, and a tar content of less than 3 g/Nmto a quench tower for condensing a slag; 2) introducing the biomass syngas after slag condensation to a waste heat boiler for recovering waste heat and condensing a heavy tar in the syngas; 3) introducing the biomass syngas from the waste heat boiler to a scrubbing-cooling tower for removing dust and decreasing a temperature of the syngas; and 4) introducing the biomass syngas after dust removal and temperature decrease from the scrubbing-cooling tower to an electro-precipitator for further removal of the dust and the tar. 1. A method for cooling and washing biomass syngas , the method comprising:{'sup': 3', '3, '1) introducing the biomass syngas having a temperature of between 1000 and 1100° C., a dust content of less than 20 g/Nm, and a tar content of less than 3 g/Nmto a quench tower for condensing a slag;'}2) introducing the biomass syngas after slag condensation to a waste heat boiler for recovering waste heat and condensing a heavy tar in the syngas;3) introducing the biomass syngas from the waste heat boiler to a scrubbing-cooling tower for removing dust and decreasing a temperature of the syngas; and4) introducing the biomass syngas after dust removal and temperature decrease from the scrubbing-cooling tower to an electro-precipitator for further removing the dust and the tar.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the syngas after being cooled by the quench tower in step 1) has the temperature of between 780 and 820° C.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein in step 1) claim 2 , the syngas is preliminarily cooled by a water-cooling flue device before entering to the quench tower.4. The method of claim 1 , whereinin step 2), the waste heat is recovered in a high temperature section and a low temperature section;the high ...

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Номер записи: 61
04-08-2016 дата публикации

STANDPIPE-FLUID BED HYBRID SYSTEM FOR CHAR COLLECTION, TRANSPORT, AND FLOW CONTROL

Номер: US20160222306A1
Автор: Tsang Albert C.
Принадлежит: LUMMUS TECHNOLOGY INC.

A system for gasification of a carbonaceous material and recycling char or solids from a gasifier is disclosed. The recycling system may include a standpipe that receives a solids stream from a separator, the standpipe generating a pressure differential across a bed of accumulated char, thereby producing a bottoms stream having a greater pressure than the inlet solids stream. The recycling system may also include a holding vessel that receives the bottoms stream and a fluidized-bed distribution vessel that receives char from the holding vessel and is configured to provide a continuous and precise flow of recycled char to the gasification reactor. 1. A system for gasification of a carbonaceous material , comprising:a gasification reactor for the gasification of a carbonaceous material producing an overhead product stream comprising char and syngas;a separator for separating the overhead product stream into a solids stream comprising the char and a gas stream comprising the syngas; a standpipe that receives the solids stream from the separator for generating a pressure differential across a bed of accumulated char thereby producing a bottoms stream comprising char having a greater pressure than the solids stream;', 'a holding vessel that receives the bottoms stream;', 'a fluidized-bed distribution vessel that receives char from the holding vessel and is configured to provide a continuous flow of recycled char to the gasification reactor., 'a system for recycling the solids stream to the gasification reactor, the recycling system comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gasification reactor is a two-stage gasification reactor including a lower reaction section and an upper reaction section claim 1 , the lower reactor section configured to combust the recycled char to faun a solids product comprising slag and a vapor product claim 1 , the upper reactor section configured to process the vapor product and a fresh carbonaceous feedstock to produce the overhead ...

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Номер записи: 62
03-08-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING LOW NOx AIR EMISSIONS FROM GASIFICATION POWER PLANTS

Номер: US20170218284A1
Автор: Liss Barry, Wilson Bary Wallace, Wilson Brandon Ruf
Принадлежит:

An apparatus is provided that receives waste and generates electrical power or thermal energy with minimal NOx emissions. A gasifier is provided that receives the waste and air to produce fuel gas for delivery to a fluidly coupled reformer. The reformer receives the fuel gas, recycled flue gas, and air to auto-thermally produce a reformed fuel gas and destroy fuel gas pollutants at a first temperature without a catalyst. A burner is fluidly coupled to the reformer and receives recycled flue gas and air to oxidize the reformed fuel gas at a second temperature that prevents nitrogen oxide formation, the second temperature being lower than the first temperature. A quench chamber is fluidly coupled to the burner and receives flue gas from the burner for quenching with recycled flue gas. A heat recovery system is fluidly coupled to the reformer, burner, and quench chamber to extract usable energy. 1. An apparatus that receives waste and generates energy by producing steam from the waste , the apparatus minimizing air pollutants by thermally processing the waste to produce a carbon free residual mineral , the apparatus comprising:a gasifier that receives the waste and air to produce a fuel gas;a reformer fluidly coupled to the gasifier, the reformer receives the fuel gas, a first stream of recycled flue gas, and a first stream of air to auto-thermally produce a reformed fuel gas and destroy pollutants in the fuel gas at a first temperature;a burner fluidly coupled to the reformer, the burner receives a second stream of recycled flue gas and a second stream of air to oxidize the reformed fuel gas at a second temperature that prevents formation of nitrogen oxide, the second temperature being lower than the first temperature;a quench chamber fluidly coupled to the burner, the quench chamber receives flue gas from the burner that is quenched with a third stream of recycled flue gas; anda heat recovery system fluidly coupled to the reformer, the burner, and the quench chamber ...

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Номер записи: 63
03-08-2017 дата публикации

PROCESS AND A REACTION APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WET BIOMASS

Номер: US20170218286A1
Автор: Harinck John, Smit Klaas Gerrit
Принадлежит:

A process for the gasification of wet biomass. The process comprises heating wet biomass at a pressure in the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa. The wet biomass is heated from a temperature of at most Tto a temperature of at least Tby heat exchange with a first heating fluid. The gasification product is further heated. The further heated gasification product is used as the first heating fluid, upon which the further heated gasification product is cooled down from a temperature of at least Tto a temperature of at most T. The temperatures T, T, Tand Tcan be calculated by using certain mathematical formulae. Also claimed: a reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass. 1. A reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass , which reaction apparatus comprises [{'sub': 'P', 'the reaction tube is configured to be fluidly connected to a source of wet biomass having a pressure Pin the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa (absolute), and'}, {'sub': 1', '2, 'the heating device is configured to heat the reaction tube and the wet biomass, when present in the reaction tube, by heat exchange with a first heating fluid to heat the wet biomass from a temperature of at most Tto a temperature of at least T, and'}], 'a reactor comprising a reaction tube and a heating device, wherein'}{'sub': S', '3', '4, 'a heater which heater is fluidly connected to the reaction tube and to the heating device and which heater is configured to receive fluid gasification product to further heat the fluid gasification product by using energy from an energy source, and to feed the further heated fluid gasification product at a pressure Pin the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa (absolute) into the heating device for use as the first heating fluid, upon which use the further heated fluid gasification product is cooled down from a temperature of at least Tto a temperature of at most T,'}{'sub': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'claim-text': [{'br': None, 'i': T', 'P, 'sub': 1', 'P, '=3.2×+301.6,'}, {'br': None, ...

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Номер записи: 64
23-10-2014 дата публикации

HYBRID GASIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20140314629A1
Автор: Kim Beom Jong, KIM Kwang Soo, KIM Young Doo, Lee Jeong Woo, LEE Uen Do, MOON Ji Hong, Park Dong Ho, YANG Chang Won, Yang Wong
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a hybrid gasification system which simultaneously has the advantages of an entrained-flow gasifier using pulverized fuel and a fluidized-bed gasifier utilized for gasifying fuel with relatively various properties. The present intention provides a hybrid gasification system employing a structure in which a second reaction chamber operated at a temperature of 700 to 900 is surrounded by a first reaction chamber operated at temperature, thereby obtaining an insulation effect, performing additional heat exchange, and minimizing a heat loss. Furthermore, the present invention provides a hybrid gasification system having a structure in which unreacted substances and tar within synthetic gas generated from a first reaction chamber reacts within a second reaction chamber, thereby increasing the entire gasification efficiency. 1. A hybrid gasification system comprising:a hollow gasifier;a first reaction chamber positioned in the center of the gasifier;a second reaction chamber positioned to surround the first reaction chamber within the gasifier;a first distributor positioned at the bottom of the second reaction chamber; anda synthetic gas transfer part positioned at the bottom of the first and second reaction chambers,wherein pulverized fuel introduced into the first reaction chamber through a pulverized fuel injection pipe is converted into synthetic gas through the first reaction chamber, andthe synthetic gas generated from the first reaction chamber is introduced to the second reaction chamber through the first distributor.2. The hybrid gasification system of claim 1 , further comprising a fluidized-bed reactor positioned under the synthetic gas transfer part within the gasifier and having a second distributor formed therein.3. The hybrid gasification system of claim 2 , wherein the fluidized-bed reactor causes a reaction to convert unreacted substances remaining in the synthetic gas transfer part into the synthetic gas through the second ...

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Номер записи: 65
25-07-2019 дата публикации

RAW GAS QUENCHING SYSTEM

Номер: US20190225898A1
Автор: Just Tino, Mehlhose Friedemann, MEIßNER Andreas, SCHMAUCH Darek, Schumann Ralph
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

A raw gas washing system with a high degree of deposition of dust in an entrained flow gasification device for the conversion of ash-containing fuels by a gasification device containing free oxygen into a raw gas with a high proportion of hydrogen, in which the fuel is converted in a gasification reactor at temperatures of between 1200 and 1900° C. and method pressures of up to 10 MPa into raw gas and liquid slag. A quenching space designed as a free-space quench contains an additional washing ring which causes a direct-current washing of the quenched raw gas, reducing the particle loading of the raw gas in the raw gas output, thereby reducing subsequent raw gas purification steps. 1. A raw gas quenching system in an entrained flow gasification unit for the reaction of ash-containing fuels with a free oxygen-containing gasifying composition to give a raw gas having a high hydrogen content , comprising:a gasification reactor in which fuel is converted, at temperatures of 1200 to 1900° C. and process pressures up to 10 MPa, to raw gas and liquid slag, a quencher,a gas and slag outlet through which the raw gas and the liquid slag are transferred into the quencher beneath the gasification reactor,a water bath at the lower end of the quencher,a central tube which adjoins the gas and slag outlet, wherein the central tube has an upper quenching water shell through which quenching water flows and a lower scrubbing water shell through which scrubbing water flows,quenching nozzles disposed in the quenching water shell which inject quenching water from the quenching water shell into the raw gas and slag stream,scrubbing nozzles disposed in the scrubbing water shell which inject scrubbing water from the scrubbing water shell into the raw gas and slag stream, anda raw gas outlet disposed in a pressure shell of the quencher from which the raw gas leaves the quencher.2. The raw gas quenching system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:scrubbing nozzles, wherein the raw gas, ...

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Номер записи: 66
03-09-2015 дата публикации

WATER CONSERVING SYNGAS CLEANUP SYSTEM

Номер: US20150247099A1
Автор: Fusselman Steven P.
Принадлежит: Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc.

A gasification system includes a scrubber in communication with a particulate removal subsystem and a quench sub-system 1. A gasification system comprising:a quench subsystem;a particulate removal subsystem; anda scrubber in communication with said particulate removal subsystem and said quench subsystem.2. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said scrubber recycles scrubber water to said quench subsystem.3. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is a candle filter.4. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is a cyclone.5. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , wherein said particulate removal subsystem is downstream of said quench subsystem to receive syngas.6. The gasification system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a heat exchanger in communication with said particulate removal system.7. A method of operating a gasification system comprising:recycling scrubber water to a quench subsystem of a gasifier.8. The method as recited in claim 7 , further comprising adding chemical agents to the scrubber water to convert volatile water soluble species into non-volatile water soluble species or non-volatile species insoluble in water.9. The method as recited in claim 7 , further comprising adding water soluble salts and/or other agglomeration promoting agents to the recycled scrubber water.10. A method of operating a gasification system comprising:agglomerating fine slag particles by recycling scrubber water.11. The method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising: agglomerating the fine slag particles in a quench subsystem of a gasification chamber.12. The method as recited in claim 11 , further comprising adding water soluble salts or other agglomeration promoting agents to the recycled scrubber water.13. The method as recited in claim 10 , further comprising: agglomerating the fine slag particles to a diameter greater than ...

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Номер записи: 67
23-08-2018 дата публикации

Blockage-free water overflow from the water jacket of a quencher into the quenching chamber

Номер: US20180237708A1
Автор: Frank Hannemann, Friedemann Mehlhose, Jörg Werner, Tino Just
Принадлежит: SIEMENS AG

A quenching chamber of an entrained-flow gasifier that gasifies fuels at temperatures of up to 1,800° C. and pressures of up to 10 MPa, wherein an annular chamber through which cooling water flows is formed between the pressure-bearing tank and the inner jacket. The overflow water is discharged from the annular chamber (skirt water) into the quenching chamber via the sleeve of a quenching lance, wherein blocking by the spray cone of the spray nozzle is prevented. The cooling water from the annular chamber is used in addition to the quenching water from the spray nozzle to cool and clean the raw gas in the quenching chamber.

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Номер записи: 68
24-08-2017 дата публикации

Pulverized Coal Gasification Furnace with Multi-level Feeding of High Speed Circulating Gasification Agent and Gasification Method

Номер: US20170240825A1
Автор: Chen Zhichao, JIANG Bingkun, Li Zhengqi, Liu Xiaoying, QIN Yukun, Wang Haopeng, ZENG Lingyan, ZHU Qunyi
Принадлежит:

A pulverized coal gasification furnace with multi-level feeding of high speed circulating gasification agent which includes a pulverized coal gasification furnace and a gasification method. The present invention solves the existing problems in short life of burner, uneven slag deposition on the surface of the gasification device which causes burning and corrosion, and uneven temperature distribution along the height direction. The steps are: 1. setting parameters for the gasification chamber; 2. feeding pulverized coal; 3. burning pulverized coal to form molten slag; 4. gasification process of molten slag inside the gasification furnace; 5. removing slag. In the present invention, the furnace body is divided into different levels for the gasification agent, the internal temperature of the furnace along the height direction is evenly distributed, and the furnace is applicable to the coal types which has severe change in ash viscosity in response to temperature changes. 11245424341213625253789101172733781110191011. A pulverized coal gasification furnace with multi-level feeding of high speed circulating gasification agent which a pulverized coal burner () , a gasification furnace body () , a water-cool wall () , a syngas channel () , wherein said water-cool wall () is arranged on an inner wall of said gasification furnace body () , wherein said water-cool wall () is formed by a plurality of vertical tubes , and a gasification chamber () is defined through a circulating cavity encircled by said water-cool wall () , said pulverized coal burner () is positioned on a top portion of said gasification furnace body () and defines an axis of said pulverized coal burner () which is overlapped with an axis of said gasification chamber () , wherein a slag pool () is arranged in a bottom portion of said gasification furnace body () , wherein said syngas channel () is arranged at an outer side wall in a lower portion of said gasification furnace body () in a manner that said ...

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Номер записи: 69
10-09-2015 дата публикации

ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFIER HAVING AN INTEGRATED INTERMEDIATE TEMPERATURE PLASMA

Номер: US20150252274A1
Автор: Hammer Thomas, Hannemann Frank, KLOSTERMANN Doris, TREMEL Alexander
Принадлежит:

A process for gasifying solid or liquid gasification materials, in particular biomass, at pressures in the range from atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa and at gasification temperatures in the range from 800° C. to 1500° C. to form a highly calorific synthesis gas. An endothermic steam gasification process proceeds in a gasification space of an entrained flow gasifier, and a plasma of intermediate temperature (typically <3500° C., preferably <2000° C.) introduces heat of reaction into the gasification space in such a quantity that the gasification temperature is kept below the ash softening temperature of 1500° C. Endothermic reactions, in particular reactions having a high activation energy, proceed at high rates at far lower gas temperatures than in the case of a thermal process. The gasification process, which does not require an oxygen plant, gives a crude gas which is free of hydrocarbons. 1. A process for gasifying solid or liquid gasification materials at pressures in the range from atmospheric pressure to 10 MPa and at gasification temperatures in the range from 800° C. to 1500° C. to form a synthesis gas , comprising:performing an endothermic steam gasification process according to an entrained flow principle using a plasma of intermediate temperature, <3500° C.; andintroducing required heat of reaction at least partly by means of the plasma.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising all of the introducing of the required heat of reaction is by means of the plasma.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of a DC discharge.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of a low-frequency AC discharge.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising generating the plasma of intermediate temperature by means of electromagnetic waves.6. The process as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising: ...

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Номер записи: 70
20-11-2014 дата публикации

Radiant fountain architecture chemical reactor

Номер: US20140341785A1
Автор: Christopher Perkins, Paul Lichty, Timothy E. LASKA, Wayne W. Simmons
Принадлежит: Sundrop Fuels Inc

A chemical plant includes a radiant heat-driven chemical reactor having generally concentric reactor tubes with an inner tube and an outer tube located inside a cavity of a thermal receiver. Particles of biomass, or natural gas, and an entrainment gas are fed into the inner tube near a bottom of the tube. The biomass and the entrainment gas flow upward through the inner tube into an upper plenum, and then flow downward through an annular space between the inner tube and the outer tube. The concentric reactor tubes and the thermal receiver are configured to cooperate such that heat is radiantly transferred by primarily absorption and re-radiation to drive the biomass gasification reaction or natural gas reformation reaction of reactants flowing through the reactor tubes in the vertical sections of the reactor, and turbulent flow and mixing of the reactants occurs in the upper plenum part of the reactor.

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Номер записи: 71
07-09-2017 дата публикации

Method and device for the production of synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine

Номер: US20170253817A1
Автор: Judex Johannes
Принадлежит:

A method for producing synthesis gas for operating an internal combustion engine from an organic solid fuel decomposed into pyrolysis products in a pyrolysis reactor without an oxygen supply, includes feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor. A synthesis gas produced in the fluidized bed reactor is withdrawn as product gas. The products gas is directly or indirectly fed to the internal combustion engine. The pyrolysis reactor is operated using at least one pyrolysis auger for conveying the solid fuel. The fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of the bed material of the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor. 1. A method for producing synthesis gas , for operating an internal combustion engine , from an organic solid fuel , the method comprising the steps of:conveying organic solid fuel to a pyrolysis reactor using a pyrolysis auger;decomposing the organic solid fuel into pyrolysis products in the pyrolysis reactor, without an oxygen supply;feeding the pyrolysis products from a bottom of the pyrolysis reactor to a fluidized bed reactor;producing a synthesis gas in the fluidized bed reactor; andwithdrawing the synthesis gas from the fluidized bed reactor as product gas and directly or indirectly feeding the product gas to the internal combustion engine;wherein fluidized bed reactor is fluidized by supplying air at a rate above a minimal loosening rate of a bed material of a fluidized bed of the fluidized bed reactor;wherein the organic solid fuel comprises a biogenic waste material having an ash content of at least 20% of a solid mass of the organic solid fuel; andwherein the pyrolysis products formed in the pyrolysis reactor in the step of decomposing are pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis coke, and pyrolysis gas.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the biogenic waste material comprising the organic solid fuel has solid contents between 80% and 98% and ...

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Номер записи: 72
24-09-2015 дата публикации

COAL GASIFICATION WITH FECO3 CATALYST

Номер: US20150267132A1
Автор: Fan Maohong
Принадлежит:

Embodiments described herein generally relate to iron carbonate utilized as a catalyst in coal gasification processes. An FeCOcatalyst is active in both pyrolysis and gasification operations, and may increase carbon conversion rate and reduce the activation energy of coal gasification. Methods described herein also include suitable processing conditions for performing coal gasification with the FeCOcatalyst. 1. A coal gasification method , comprising:mixing a coal derived solid with an iron carbonate catalyst to form a reaction mixture;heating the reaction mixture to a target temperature between about 700° C. and about 900° C.;contacting the reaction mixture with water vapor; andforming a syngas mixture from the reaction mixture.2. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the iron carbonate catalyst is an aqueous solution.3. The coal gasification method of claim 2 , further comprising:{'sub': '3', 'drying and heating the aqueous solution to form a calcined FeCOcatalyst.'}4. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , further comprising disposing the reaction mixture in a fixed bed gasifier.5. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the iron carbonate catalyst is present in the reaction mixture at a concentration of about 3 wt %.6. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , further comprising contacting the reaction mixture with nitrogen.7. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at the target temperature for a time between about 100 minutes and about 2 claim 5 ,000 minutes.8. The coal gasification method of claim 5 , wherein the reaction mixture is maintained at a pressure between about 0.75 atm. and about 1 atm.9. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the heating the reaction mixture is performed at a rate of about 20° C./minute.10. The coal gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the syngas mixture comprises at least one of H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , and CO.11. A coal gasification method claim ...

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Номер записи: 73
06-08-2020 дата публикации

FEED LOCATION FOR GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Номер: US20200248082A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. A syngas composition can be made by charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising recycle plastics and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone within a gasifier; gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone to produce said syngas composition; and discharging at least a portion of said syngas composition from said gasifier; wherein the recycled plastics are added to a feed point comprising a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder after the solid fossil fuel is loaded on the belt, a solid fossil fuel belt feeding a grinder before the solid fossil fuel is loaded onto the belt, or a solid fossil fuel slurry storage tank containing a slurry of said solid fossil fuel ground to a size as the size fed to the gasification zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier is an entrained flow slagging gasifier.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a solid fossil fuel grinder or to a belt containing a fossil fuel feeding the grinder.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to the solid fossil fuel in a low-pressure section that has a lower pressure that the pressure within the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a feed belt.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are deposited onto a belt before solid fossil fuel is added onto the belt.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the solid fossil fuel is on top of the recycle plastics on the belt.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to solid fossil fuel on a coal feed belt.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a grinding mill containing coal and water.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the recycle plastics are added to a slurry ...

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Номер записи: 74
06-08-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF POST-CONSUMER TIRES AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20200248083A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Tires are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel such as coal and fed into an entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High concentrations of solids and tires in the solids stream can be stably obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 1. A process for producing an organic compound from a syngas composition comprising:a. charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition comprising post-consumer recycled materials and a solid fossil fuel to a gasification zone comprising a gasifier; wherein said post-consumer recycle material comprises post-consumer tires;b. gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in said gasification zone of a gasifier to produce said syngas composition; andc. producing said organic compound from said syngas composition.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organic compound comprises at least one substituent; and wherein said substituent comprises an acetyl functional group.3. The process according to wherein the feedstock composition comprises coal.4. The process according to any one of claim 3 , wherein the feedstock composition comprises a liquid slurry; wherein said liquid slurry comprises coal and post-consumer recycled materials chosen from recycled tires claim 3 , recycled plastic or a combination thereof.5. The process according to any one of claim 4 , wherein gasifying said feedstock composition occurs in the presence of oxygen.6. The process according to one of wherein said organic compound is any chemical that has a syngas composition as an intermediate.7. The process according to any one of wherein said organic compound comprises acetic acid claim 6 , methanol claim ...

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Номер записи: 75
06-08-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF TIRES AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS IN A PERMITTED GASIFIER

Номер: US20200248084A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Tires are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High concentrations of solids and tires in the solids feedstock stream can be stably obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced while stably operating the gasifier while remaining within limits of an existing air permit on the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 1. A gasification process comprising gasifying a feedstock stream comprising post-consumer tires and a solid fossil fuel in an existing gasifier for which one or more environmental air permits are granted before feeding said tires , at least one of said permits limiting the content of one or more gaseous compounds in all gases generated from the gasifier , wherein the gasification process is operated in a manner that does not require a new environmental air permit or an exception to an existing environmental permit for any gases generated from the gasifier.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the gaseous compound comprises sulfur containing compounds claim 1 , and the total sulfur content in the raw syngas stream discharged from the gasifier is 0.015 to 3.0 mole % based on total moles of the gases in the raw syngas stream.3. The gasifier of claim 2 , wherein the HS content in the raw syngas stream discharged from the gasifier is 0.05 to 1.5 mole % based on total moles of gases in the raw syngas stream.4. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the total sulfur content of the raw syngas stream discharged from the gasifier is within the limits established by an existing air permit on the gasifier.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process is operated within the limits of operating rates set by any existing permit.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tires are pre-ground prior to addition to the fossil fuel(s) to produce pre-ground tires claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 76
06-08-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS TO PRODUCE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Номер: US20200248085A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 1. A process for the production of syngas comprising:a. charging an oxidant and a feedstock composition to a gasification zone within a gasifier, said feedstock composition comprising a solid fossil fuel and less than 5 wt. % plastics based on the weights of solids in the feedstock composition;b. gasifying the feedstock composition together with the oxidant in a gasification zone to produce a syngas composition; andc. discharging at least a portion of the syngas composition from the gasifier; and producing an organic compound from said syngas compositionwherein the gasifier is an entrained flow gasifier.4. The process according to wherein said organic compound comprises acetic acid claim 1 , methanol claim 1 , methyl acetate claim 1 , acetate claim 1 , acetic anhydride claim 1 , C2-05 oxygenated compounds claim 1 , formaldehyde claim 1 , dimethyl ether claim 1 , MTBE claim 1 , oxo products claim 1 , aldehydes claim 1 , or isobutene.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the feedstock is a slurry.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the amount of CO2 generated from a stream of plastics and solid fossil fuel (mixed stream) is no more than 25 of the amount of carbon dioxide generated from a fossil fuel only stream wherein the amount of plastics is replaced with the solid fossil fuel.7. ...

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Номер записи: 77
06-08-2020 дата публикации

GASIFICATION OF PLASTICS AND SOLID FOSSIL FUELS

Номер: US20200248086A1
Автор: Murphy Justin William, Trapp William Lewis, West Nathan Mitchell
Принадлежит: EASTMAN CHEMICAL COMPANY

Pre-ground plastics of small particle size not more than 2 mm are co-fed into a solid fossil fuel fed entrained flow partial oxidation gasifier. High solids concentrations in the feedstock stream can be obtained without significant impact on the feedstock stream stability and pumpability. A consistent quality of syngas can be continuously produced, including generation of carbon dioxide and a carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio while stably operating the gasifier and avoiding the high tar generation of fluidized bed or fixed bed waste gasifiers and without impacting the operations of the gasifier. The subsequent syngas produced from this material can be used to produce a wide range of chemicals. 2. A process of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the following conditions is present:(i) gasification within the gasification zone is conducted at a temperature of at least 1000° C., or(ii) the pressure within the gasification zone greater than 2.7 MPa, or(iii) the feedstock composition is a slurry, or(iv) no steam is introduced to the gasifier that flows into the gasification zone, or(v) the recycle are pre-ground such that at least 90% of the particles have a particle size of less than 2 mm, or(vi) the tar yield is less than 4 wt. %, or(vii) the gasifier contains no membrane wall in the gasification zone, or(viii) a combination of two or more of the above conditions.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feedstock stream has a viscosity under 25 claim 1 ,000 cP.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein all of the following conditions are present:a. steam is not supplied to the gasification zone,b. the feedstock stream containing at least recycle and ground solid fossil fuel flowing to the gasifier, or this feedstock stream introduced to an injector or charge pipe, or this feedstock stream introduced into the gasification zone, or a combination of all the above, does not contain gases compressed in equipment for gas compression,c. no gas stream containing more than 0.03 mole % ...

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Номер записи: 78
22-09-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS TO PRODUCE SYNGAS

Номер: US20160272902A1
Автор: CHEN Yilong, Zhang Liang, ZHANG Yanfeng
Принадлежит:

A method for pressurized pyrolysis of biomass in a pressurized pyrolysis furnace, including: 1) crushing and screening biomass; collecting biomass having desired particle sizes; and delivering the biomass having desired particle sizes to a pulse-type feeding system; 2) transporting the biomass to a pyrolysis furnace via the pulse-type feeding system; synchronously initiating microwave and a plasma torch, the microwave producing a microwave field in the pyrolysis furnace, working gas of the plasma torch being ionized for the first time to produce plasma jet entering the pyrolysis furnace; and 3) allowing the syngas generated in 2) to continue moving upwards and introducing the syngas out from the top of the pyrolysis furnace; chilling the syngas; introducing the syngas to a cyclone separator to separate residues; and then cooling and purifying the syngas using a cooling device and a purifying device, respectively, to produce clean syngas. 1. A method for pressurized pyrolysis of biomass in a pressurized pyrolysis furnace , the method comprising:1) crushing and screening biomass; collecting biomass having desired particle sizes; and delivering the biomass having desired particle sizes to a pulse-type feeding system;2) transporting the biomass to a pyrolysis furnace via the pulse-type feeding system in a dense-phase static pressure mode in the presence of seal air; synchronously initiating microwave and a plasma torch, the microwave producing a microwave field in the pyrolysis furnace, working gas of the plasma torch being initially ionized to produce plasma jet entering the pyrolysis furnace;in the pyrolysis furnace, biomass particles absorbing microwave and being heated from outside to inside instantaneously, and then being activated; under the action of rising syngas and microwave energy, the biomass particles being dried instantaneously and pyrolyzed to yield syngas, small amount of ash residue and coke, the ash residue and the coke constituting a fixed bed layer ...

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Номер записи: 79
04-11-2021 дата публикации

SLAG CRUSHER, GASIFIER, INTEGRATED GASIFICATION COMBINED CYCLE, AND ASSEMBLY METHOD OF SLAG CRUSHER

Номер: US20210339260A1
Автор: Kitada Masashi, Shibata Kengo, Toyomaru Makoto
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI POWER, LTD.

Provided are a slag crusher, a gasifier, an integrated gasification combined cycle, and an assembly method of a slag crusher that can ensure the strength of a guide rod. The slag crusher includes: a porous member screen; a spreader that is reciprocated in a predetermined direction along a top surface of the screen and crushes the slag accumulated on the screen; and a guide rod having an axis line along the predetermined direction, is connected to the spreader, and restricts a moving direction of the spreader, the guide rod has a spreader-side member connected to the spreader and a shaft member connected to the spreader-side member, the spreader-side member and the shaft member are connected by butt welding in the axis line direction, and the spreader-side member and the shaft member have the same shape of cross sections orthogonal to the axis line direction at a butt welding position. 1. A slag crusher that crushes slag generated by a combustor of a gasifier that gasifies carbonaceous feedstock and solidified in cooling water stored in a slag bath installed perpendicularly below the combustor , the slag crusher comprising:a screen of a porous member provided so as to cross a drop direction of the slag and formed with a plurality of opening portions;a spreader that is reciprocated in a predetermined direction along a top surface on a perpendicularly upper side of the screen and crushes the slag accumulated on the screen; anda guide rod that is a bar-like member having an axis line along the predetermined direction, is connected to the spreader, and restricts a moving direction of the spreader,wherein the guide rod has a spreader-side member connected to the spreader and a shaft member connected to the spreader-side member,wherein the spreader-side member and the shaft member are connected by butt welding in the axis line direction, andwherein the spreader-side member and the shaft member have the same shape of cross sections orthogonal to the axis line direction at a ...

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Номер записи: 80
29-09-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR CONVERSION OF A FEEDSTOCK COMPRISING SOLID CARBONACEOUS PARTICLES INTO AT LEAST A GASEOUS COMPOUND

Номер: US20160281010A1
Автор: BRAMER Eduard Augustinus, BREM GERRIT
Принадлежит: Alucha Management B.V.

The invention relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock comprising solid particles into at least a gaseous compound in a reactor comprising a vertically extending swirl chamber comprising a conical upper part with a decreasing diameter in upward direction, at least one tangential inlet at the bottom of the swirl chamber, and an outlet at the upper end of the swirl chamber, wherein the process is selected from pyrolysis, allothermal gasification or carbonisation of a carbon-aceous feedstock. The invention further relates to a process for conversion of a feedstock comprising solid particles into at least one or more gaseous compounds in such reactor. 113.-. (canceled)14. A process for converting o feedstock comprising solid carbonaceous particles into at least one or more gaseous compounds , the process comprising:(a) supplying the feedstock at the bottom end of a vertically extending swirl chamber defined by a wall, a bottom and an upper end, the swirl chamber comprising a conical upper part with a decreasing diameter in upward direction, wherein the wall of the conical upper part of the swirl chamber has a first angle with the vertical; at least one tangential inlet at the bottom of the swirl chamber; and an outlet at the upper end of the swirl chamber(b) supplying an inert gas tangentially to the swirl chamber through the at least one tangential inlet, forming a layer of feedstock particles on the wall of the conical upper part of the swirl chamber,(c) converting at least part of the feedstock into at least one of more gaseous compounds in the swirl chamber at elevated temperature, wherein the converting takes place in the layer of feedstock particles, and(d) discharging a stream comprising the one or more gaseous compounds via the outlet, wherein the process is selected from pyrolysis, allothermal gasification, torrefaction, or carbonisation of the carbonaceous feedstock15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the swirl chamber further comprises a ...

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Номер записи: 81
28-09-2017 дата публикации

System and method for gasification

Номер: US20170275544A1
Автор: Thomas Frederick Leininger
Принадлежит: General Electric Co

A system includes a first reactor that may gasify a first feed to generate a first syngas. The first feed has a first particle size distribution (PSD 1 ). The system also includes a second reactor that may receive the first feed, a second feed, and at least a portion of the first syngas. The second reactor may gasify the second feed to generate additional syngas, and the second feed has a second particle size distribution (PSD 2 ) that is different from the first PSD. The second reactor includes an elutriation zone disposed on a first end of the second reactor. The elutriation zone may receive the first and second feed. The second reactor also includes a fluidized bed disposed at a second end of the second reactor that is substantially opposite the first end. The fluidized bed is fluidly coupled to the first reactor and may receive the portion of the first syngas via a syngas inlet. The system also includes a gas-solids separation section fluidly coupled to the first and second reactors. The gas-solids separation section may receive the first feed and partially reacted particles of the second feed from the elutriation zone and may feed a combined feed consisting of the first feed and the partially reacted particles of the second feed to the first reactor.

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Номер записи: 82
15-10-2015 дата публикации

REACTOR FOR PRODUCING A PRODUCT GAS FROM A FUEL

Номер: US20150291896A1
Автор: van der Drift Abraham, Van Der Meijden Christiaan Martinus, Zwart Robin Willem Rudolf
Принадлежит:

Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel having a housing () with a combustion part accommodating a fluidized bed () in operation, a riser () extending along a longitudinal direction of the reactor (), and a downcomer () positioned coaxially around the riser () and extending into the fluidized bed (). One or more feed channels () for providing the fuel to the riser () are provided. The riser () is attached to the housing () of the reactor () in a bottom part () of the housing (), and a part of the riser () above the one or more feed channels () is moveable with respect to the downcomer () in the longitudinal direction of the reactor (). 114-. (canceled)151112137. Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel , comprising a housing ( , , ) with a combustion part accommodating a fluidized bed () in operation ,{'b': 2', '1, 'a riser () extending along a longitudinal direction of the reactor () and providing a pyrolysis part separate from the fluidized bed,'}{'b': 3', '2', '7', '8', '2, 'a downcomer () positioned coaxially around the riser () and extending into the fluidized bed (), and one or more feed channels () for providing the fuel to the riser (),'}{'b': 2', '11', '12', '13', '1', '13', '11', '12', '13', '2', '8', '3', '1, 'the riser () being attached to the housing (, , ) of the reactor () in a bottom part () of the housing (, , ), and a part of the riser () above the one or more feed channels () being moveable with respect to the downcomer () in the longitudinal direction of the reactor ().'}1681. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the one or more feed channels () are oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reactor ().17228282a. The reactor according to claim 15 , wherein the riser () comprises a feed opening () for each of the one or more feed channels () claim 15 , the feed opening being arranged to allow relative movement of the riser () with respect to the one or more feed channels () along a longitudinal ...

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Номер записи: 83
15-10-2015 дата публикации

BIOMASS HIGH EFFICIENCY HYDROTHERMAL REFORMER

Номер: US20150291897A1
Автор: BLEVINS Randy, Pearson Joshua B., WRIGHT Harold A.
Принадлежит:

A system for the production of synthesis gas, the system including a mixing apparatus configured for combining steam with at least one carbonaceous material to produce a reformer feedstock; and a reformer comprising a cylindrical vessel containing a plurality of coiled tubes, each of the plurality of coiled tubes having a vertical height in the range of from about 40 feet 12.2 m) to about 100 feet (30.5 m) and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height; at least one burner configured to combust a fuel and provide heat to maintain the reformer at a reformer temperature; at least one outlet for reformer product comprising synthesis gas; and at least one outlet for flue gas produced via combustion of fuel in the burners. A suitable mixing apparatus is also provided. 1. A system for the production of synthesis gas , the system comprising:a mixing apparatus configured for combining steam with at least one carbonaceous material to produce a reformer feedstock; and a cylindrical vessel containing a plurality of coiled tubes, wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a vertical height in the range of from about 40 feet 12.2 m) to about 100 feet (30.5 m) and a coil length that is at least four times the vertical height;', 'at least one burner configured to combust a fuel and provide heat to maintain the reformer at a reformer temperature;', 'at least one outlet for reformer product comprising synthesis gas; and', 'at least one outlet for flue gas produced via combustion of fuel in the at least one burner., 'a reformer comprising2. The system of wherein at least a portion of the coiled tubes have an inside diameter of at least 2 inches (5.1 cm).3. The system of wherein each of the plurality of coiled tubes has a coil length that is in the range of from about 400 feet (121.9 m) to about 1000 feet (304.8 m).4. The system of wherein the reformer is configured to provide a residence time in the range of from about 0.3 s to about 3 s.5. The system of ...

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Номер записи: 84
22-10-2015 дата публикации

TWO STAGE GASIFICATION WITH DUAL QUENCH

Номер: US20150299590A1
Автор: Bustamante Ivan O., Keeler Clifton G., WILLIAMS Chancelor L.
Принадлежит:

Improved two-stage entrained-flow gasification systems and processes that reduce the cost and complexity of the design and increase the reliability, while maintaining the efficiency by implementing a first chemical quench followed by a second water quench of the produced syngas. The quenched syngas is maintained above the condensation temperature of at least one condensable component of the syngas, allowing residual particulates to be removed by dry particulate filtration. 1. A two-stage non-catalytic gasification process , comprising:(a) introducing a particulate carbonaceous feedstock into a reactor lower section of a two-stage gasification reactor and partially combusting therein with a gas stream comprising an oxygen supply selected from a group consisting of oxygen-containing gas, steam, and mixtures thereof, thereby evolving heat and forming a first product stream comprising synthesis gas and molten slag;(b) passing the synthesis gas of step (b) into a reactor upper section of the two-stage gasification reactor and contacting therein with a stream comprising a slurry of particulate carbonaceous feedstock in a liquid carrier, thereby forming a second product stream comprising syngas and solids comprising ash and char;(c) passing the second product stream to a reactor that is maintained at a temperature greater than about 1500° F., wherein the syngas resides in the reactor for a time that is sufficient to thermally degrade volatile tars present in the syngas, thereby producing a product comprising a near-zero-tar syngas;(d) introducing a water stream and contacting with the near-zero-tar syngas, thereby producing steam and a cooled moisturized syngas, wherein the temperature of the cooled moisturized syngas remains greater than the condensation point of the steam, but less than about 1200° F.; and(e) removing residual solids, fines and particulates from the cooled moisturized syngas by directing the cooled syngas through a particulate filtering device, thereby ...

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Номер записи: 85
11-10-2018 дата публикации

Multi-Purpose Application of the Second Stage of a 2-Stage Bio-Reforming Reactor System for Reforming Bio-Syngas, Natural Gas and Process Recycle Streams

Номер: US20180291278A1
Автор: Jack Douglas S., Kelfkens Renus C., Lythgoe Steve C., Simmons Wayne W.
Принадлежит:

Multiple stages of reactors form a bio-reforming reactor that generates chemical grade bio-syngas for any of 1) a methanol synthesis reactor, 2) a Methanol-to-Gasoline reactor train, 3) a high temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train, and 4) any combination of these three that use the chemical grade bio-syngas derived from biomass fed into the bio-reforming reactor. A tubular chemical reactor of a second stage has inputs configured to receive chemical feedstock from at least two sources, i) the raw syngas from the reactor output of the first stage via a cyclone, and ii) purge gas containing renewable carbon-based gases that are recycled back via a recycle loop as a chemical feedstock from any of 1) the downstream methanol-synthesis-reactor train, 2) the downstream methanol-to-gasoline reactor train, or 3) purge gas from both trains. The plant produces fuel products with solely 100% biogenic carbon content as well as fuel products with 50-100% biogenic carbon content. 1. An integrated plant , comprising:an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors to form a bio-reforming reactor that generate chemical grade bio-syngas for any of 1) a methanol synthesis reactor, 2) a Methanol-to-Gasoline reactor train, 3) a high temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train, and 4) any combination of these three, that use the chemical grade bio-syngas derived from biomass fed into the bio-reforming reactor,where a first stage of the bio-reforming reactor includes a first reactor that has one or more stream inputs to feed heat absorbing media, a vessel to circulate the heat absorbing media, one or more supply inputs to feed the biomass including wood chips, and has a sparger to input steam, where the first stage is configured to cause a chemical reaction of the biomass including the wood chips into its reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit as raw syngas through a reactor output from the first stage, anda tubular chemical reactor ...

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Номер записи: 86
11-10-2018 дата публикации

Flexible Options for Utilizing Naphtha from a Low Temperature Fischer-Tropsch Process in a Plant Converting Biomass to Syncrude or Transportation Fuels

Номер: US20180291279A1
Автор: Jack Douglas S., Kelfkens Renus C., Lythgoe Steve C., Simmons Wayne W.
Принадлежит:

A bio-reforming reactor receives biomass to generate chemical grade syngas for a coupled downstream train of a low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train that uses this syngas derived from the biomass in the bio-reforming reactor. A renewable carbon content of the produced gasoline, jet fuel, and/or diesel derived from the coupled downstream train the low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train are optimized for recovery of renewable carbon content to produce fuel products with 100% biogenic carbon content and/or fuel products with 50-100% biogenic carbon content. The low-temperature Fischer-Tropsch reactor train produces syncrude, transportation fuels such as bio-gasoline or bio-diesel, or a combination thereof. 1. An integrated plant , comprising: wherein a first stage of the bio-reforming reactor includes a circulating fluidized bed reactor that has one or more media inputs to feed heat-absorbing media, a vessel to circulate the heat-absorbing media, and one or more biomass inputs to supply the biomass,', 'wherein the first stage is configured to cause a set of chemical reactions in the biomass to produce reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components, which exit through a reactor output from the first stage,', {'sub': 1', '4, 'wherein a second stage of the bio-reforming reactor has an input configured to receive a stream of some of the reaction products including the constituent gases and at least some of the tars as raw syngas, and then chemically reacts the raw syngas within a vessel of the second stage to yield a chemical grade syngas by further processing including cracking and/or reforming the 1) tars, 2) light hydrocarbons (C-C) or 3) both into constituent molecules,'}, 'wherein the chemical grade syngas is mixed with a natural gas-derived syngas from a steam methane reformer to form a mixed syngas that is supplied to an input of the LTFT reactor train configured to produce LTFT fuel product, and', {'sub': 1', '5', '1', '5, ...

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Номер записи: 87
11-10-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR GASIFICATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS

Номер: US20180291292A1
Автор: LANSELL Peter, Lowe David
Принадлежит:

Carbonaceous-containing material including biomass, municipal solid waste, and/or coal and/or contaminated soil, and/or other carbonaceous materials may be gasified at low temperatures utilizing a reactor designed to generate shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex. Preprocessed waste may be introduced into the reactor. A gas stream may be introduced substantially tangentially to an inner surface of a chamber of the reactor to generate a gaseous vortex rotating about a longitudinal axis within the chamber. The gas stream may be introduced using a nozzle that accelerates the gas stream to a supersonic velocity, and may impinge on an impactor positioned within the reactor chamber. A frequency of shockwaves emitted from the nozzle into the gaseous vortex may be controlled. The processed waste discharged from the reactor, which may include a gas component and at least a solid component, can be subjected to separation, and at least some of the gas component and at least one solid component (i.e., tars) may be fed back to the feeding device so that the solids from the processed waste condense on preprocessed waste contained in the feeding device and are reprocessed within the reactor. The gas component from the feeding device may be cleaned after the solids have been condensed out in the feeding device. 1. A system configured for carbonaceous-containing material gasification at low temperatures utilizing a reactor designed to generate shockwaves in a supersonic gaseous vortex , the system comprising:a feeding device configured to introduce carbonaceous-containing material into a higher-pressure region from a lower-pressure region; a chamber having an internal surface that is substantially axially symmetrical about a longitudinal axis;', 'a material inlet disposed at a first end of the chamber and configured to introduce carbonaceous-containing material into the chamber;', 'a gas inlet disposed proximate to the material inlet and arranged to introduce a gas stream ...

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Номер записи: 88
05-11-2015 дата публикации

IMPROVED COAL GASIFICATION

Номер: US20150315498A1
Автор: Deng Yunhui, Wu Long
Принадлежит:

A two-zone gasifier is used to produce syngas from coal fines, oxygen and steam. The two-zone gasifier has a top fluidized gasification zone and a bottom entrained flow gasification zone connected by a Venturi throat. The syngas production will occur in both zones with the syngas being collected from the top of the gasifier. 1. A gasifier for producing syngas comprising an upper fluidized gasification zone in fluid communication through a Venturi throat with a lower entrained flow gasification zone.2. The gasifier as claimed in wherein said upper fluidized gasification zone has refractory lining walls.3. The gasifier as claimed in wherein said entrained flow gasification zone has water membrane walls.4. The gasifier as clairned in wherein said upper fluidized gasification zone has inputs to provide for injecting materials selected from the group consisting of coal claim 1 , fines claim 1 , gas and steam.5. The gasifier as claimed in wherein said entrained flow gasification zone has inputs to provide for injecting materials selected from the group consisting of coal claim 1 , fines claim 1 , gas and steam.6. The gasifier as claimed in wherein said Venturi throat has a diameter small than said upper fluidized gasification zone and said entrained flow gasification zone.7. The gasifier as claimed in wherein said entrained flow gasification zone has an opening at its bottom.8. A method for producing syngas comprising the steps:a) Feeding coal fines oxygen and steam simultaneously to fluidize gasification zone and entrained flow gasification zone;b) Reacting said coal fines in the presence of oxygen and steam to form syngas;c) Feeding syngas from said entrained gasification zone to said fluidized gasification zone; andd) Recovering syngas from said fluidized gasification zone.9. The method as claimed in wherein said fluidized gasification zone is at a temperature of about 1000° C.10. The method as claimed in wherein the coal fines fed to said fluidized gasification zone ...

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Номер записи: 89
05-11-2015 дата публикации

Integrated two-stage thermochemical heat pipe reactor having a partitioned vessel

Номер: US20150315499A1
Автор: Daniel Michael Leo, Ravi Chandran, Shawn Robert Freitas
Принадлежит: ThermoChem Recovery International Inc

A feedstock conversion system including an integrated two-stage fluid bed thermochemical reaction apparatus ( 50 ) has first and second reaction chambers ( 110, 120 ) side-by-side and physically separated from one another in one vessel ( 100 ) by a partition ( 130 ). One or more clusters of heat pipes ( 400 ) pass through the partition ( 130 ) between the first and second chambers ( 110, 120 ) for efficient indirect heat transfer between first and second fluid bed reaction stages ( 200, 300 ) and materials therein. The system includes devices for solids transfer between the two reaction chambers ( 110, 120 ) to enhance feedstock conversion.

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Номер записи: 90
01-11-2018 дата публикации

First Stage Process Configurations in a 2-Stage BioReforming Reactor System

Номер: US20180312769A1
Автор: Broerman Andrew W., Jack Douglas S.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed herein is an integrated plant including, in some embodiments, an interconnected set of two or more stages of reactors forming a bio-reforming reactor configured to generate syngas from wood-containing biomass. A first stage of the bio-reforming reactor is configured to cause a set of chemical reactions in the biomass to produce reaction products of constituent gases, tars, chars, and other components. The first stage includes a fluidized-bed gasifier, a fluidized-bed combustor, and a moving-bed filtration system, each of which includes media inputs and outputs to respectively receive and supply heat-absorbing media to another operation unit for recirculation in a media recirculation loop. The moving-bed filtration system includes a tar pre-reformer configured to capture and reform heavier tars into lighter tars for subsequent processing in one or more fuel-producing reactor trains. Fuel products produced by the one or more reactor trains have a biogenic content of between 50% and 100%. 1. An integrated plant , comprising: a first stage of the bio-reforming reactor includes a fluidized-bed gasifier that has one or more biomass inputs to receive the biomass, one or more media inputs to receive heat-absorbing media for circulation of the media in a vessel of the gasifier, and one or more outputs to supply at least the media to another operation unit for recirculation in a media recirculation loop,', 'the first stage of the bio-reforming reactor further includes a fluidized-bed combustor that has one or more media inputs to receive the media for circulation of the media in a vessel of the combustor, as well as one or more outputs to supply at least the media to another operation unit for recirculation in the media recirculation loop,', 'the first stage of the bio-reforming reactor further includes a moving-bed filtration system that has one or more media inputs to receive the media for packing a filtration bed of the moving-bed filtration system, as well as ...

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Номер записи: 91
10-12-2015 дата публикации

GASIFIED-GAS GENERATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20150353849A1
Автор: MOURI Shinya, Watanabe Shuzo
Принадлежит: IHI CORPORATION

A gasified-gas generation system includes: a combustor that heats a fluid medium; a gasifier into which the fluid medium heated by the combustor is introduced and which gasifies a gasification material with heat of the fluid medium so as to generate a gasified gas; and a cooling mechanism that cools the fluid medium that flows between the gasifier and the combustor. The fluid medium circulates between the combustor and the gasifier. The fluid medium and a residue of the gasification material are introduced from the gasifier into the combustor, and the combustor burns the residue to heat the fluid medium. 1. A gasified-gas generation system comprising:a combustor configured to heat a fluid medium;a gasifier into which the fluid medium heated by the combustor is introduced and which gasifies a gasification material with heat of the fluid medium so as to generate a gasified gas; anda cooling mechanism configured to cool the fluid medium flowing between the gasifier and the combustor,wherein the fluid medium circulates between the combustor and the gasifier, andthe fluid medium and a residue of the gasification material are introduced from the gasifier into the combustor, and the combustor burns the residue to heat the fluid medium.2. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 1 , wherein the cooling mechanism is provided at a downstream side of the gasifier claim 1 , and cools the fluid medium which flows an upstream side of the combustor.3. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 1 , comprising:a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature of the fluid medium at an inlet of the combustor; anda control unit configured to control the cooling mechanism based on the temperature measured by the temperature measuring unit so as to cool the fluid medium to be within a preset temperature range.4. The gasified-gas generation system according to claim 2 , comprising:a temperature measuring unit configured to measure a temperature of ...

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Номер записи: 92
10-12-2015 дата публикации

GASIFIED GAS PRODUCTION SYSTEM

Номер: US20150353850A1
Автор: Ohara Hiroaki
Принадлежит: IHI CORPORATION

A gasified gas production system of the present disclosure includes a gasification furnace which produces a gasified gas by gasifying a gasification raw material, a flow passage through which the gasified gas produced in the gasification furnace flows, a catalyst-holding unit which holds a catalyst which promotes reforming of tar included in the gasified gas inside the flow passage, and an oxidation agent supply unit which supplies an oxidation agent with a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. to the catalyst. 1. A gasified gas production system comprising:a gasification furnace which produces a gasified gas by gasifying a gasification raw material;a flow passage through which the gasified gas produced by the gasification furnace flows;a catalyst-holding unit which holds a catalyst that promotes reforming of tar included in the gasified gas inside the flow passage; andan oxidation agent supply unit which supplies an oxidation agent with a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. to the catalyst.2. The gasified gas production system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a combustion furnace which heats a fluid medium with heat generated by combusting a fuel,wherein the fluid medium heated by the combustion furnace is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace gasifies the gasification raw material with heat of the fluid medium, andwherein the oxidation agent supply unit heats the oxidation agent to a temperature of 200° C. to 900° C. by performing heat exchange between a combustion exhaust gas generated by combusting the fuel in the combustion furnace and the oxidation agent.3. The gasified gas production system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a combustion furnace which heats a fluid medium with heat generated by combusting a fuel,wherein the fluid medium heated by the combustion furnace is introduced into the gasification furnace, and the gasification furnace gasifies the gasification raw material with heat of the fluid medium, ...

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Номер записи: 93
08-12-2016 дата публикации

CARBONACEOUS SUBSTANCE GASIFICATION DEVICE AND METHOD

Номер: US20160355742A1
Автор: Chen Yongjin, Gao Ruiheng, Jiang Congbin, Li Honghai, Li Xiaofei, Xin Wei, Zhang Li, Zhang Yan
Принадлежит: Changzheng Engineering Co., Ltd.

A carbonaceous substance dry powder gasification device and method, the device comprising from bottom to top a lower cooling and purification section (), a gasification reaction section (), a cooling reaction section () and an upper cooling and purification section (); an initial cooling device is disposed at the connection between the cooling reaction section and the gasification reaction section; and a plurality of nozzles are circumferentially arranged in the gasification reaction section. The method comprises: a gasification reaction is conducted between a carbonaceous substance and an oxygenated gasifying agent to generate crude synthesis gas and ash; part of the crude synthesis gas and most of the ash go downstream for cooling and gasification, and the cooled and ash removed crude synthesis gas is transferred to subsequent processes, and the quenched ash is discharged through an ash outlet; the remaining crude synthesis gas and fly ash go upstream to mix with a cooling substance for cooling, and then are transferred to the cooling reaction section for reacting with the incompletely reacted carbon and added gasification agent; the crude synthesis gas and the fly ash are cooled and purified to remove the fly ash, and the clean low-temperature crude synthesis gas is transferred to subsequent processes. The method avoids ash blocking at an ash outlet in an upstream air-exhaust method, and also avoids overheating at the top in a downstream air-exhaust method, thus improving the carbon conversion rate. 115-. (canceled)16. A method for carbonaceous substance powder gasification in a vertical device , comprising the steps of:{'sub': '2', 'i) reacting a carbonaceous substance in powder form in a vertical device with an oxygen-containing gasification agent at a temperature which generates a crude synthesis gas comprising CO, H, and ash;'}ii) allowing a first portion of said crude synthesis gas to descend with most of the ash wherein the heat of the crude synthesis gas ...

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Номер записи: 94
15-12-2016 дата публикации

HYBRID FIXED-KINETIC BED GASIFIER FOR FUEL FLEXIBLE GASIFICATION

Номер: US20160362623A1
Автор: Mason James
Принадлежит:

A gasification system including: a casing defining: a solid material inlet; a fixed bed drying zone proximal the solid material inlet; a fixed bed pyrolysis zone arranged below the drying zone along a gravity vector, distal the solid material inlet across the pyrolysis zone; a kinetic bed combustion zone surrounded by the pyrolysis zone; and a fluidization channel extending through the drying zone and pyrolysis zone and fluidly connected to the combustion zone, the fluidization channel defining a kinetic bed reduction zone fluidly isolated from and thermally connected to the pyrolysis zone and the drying zone by the fluidization channel. 1. A method for gasification of carbon-containing solids , comprising:combusting pyrolyzed solids within a kinetic bed combustion zone, the kinetic bed combustion zone formed by flowing combustion fluid at a turbulent velocity into a fixed bed pyrolysis zone comprising pyrolyzed solids;diverting fluid flow through the combustion zone and into a reduction zone within a kinetic chamber, the kinetic chamber fluidly isolating and thermally coupling the reduction zone with the fixed bed pyrolysis zone and a drying zone;reducing the combustion products within the kinetic chamber, the gas flow maintaining a kinetic bed within the kinetic chamber;pyrolyzing uncombusted solids with waste heat from combustion product reduction;drying wet solids with waste heat from solid pyrolysis and combustion; andleveraging gravity to move dried solids from the drying zone toward the pyrolysis zone, and pyrolyzed solids from the pyrolysis zone toward the combustion zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein diverting fluid flow through the combustion zone and into the reduction zone comprises diverting fluid flow with a closed end of a casing opposing a fluid inlet of the kinetic chamber.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising generating a rotating flow within the combustion zone.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising introducing fluid into the ...

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Номер записи: 95
21-12-2017 дата публикации

Reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel

Номер: US20170362520A1
Автор: van der Drift Abraham, Vreugdenhil Berend Joost
Принадлежит: STICHTING ENERGIEONDERZOEK CENTRUM NEDERLAND

Method and reactor for producing a product gas from a fuel. The fuel is input into a pyrolysis chamber () and a pyrolysis process is executed for obtaining a product gas. Parts of the fuel exiting from the pyrolysis chamber () are recirculated to a combustion chamber (). In the combustion chamber () a gasification process is executed in a fluidized bed () using a primary process fluid, followed by a combustion process in an area () above the fluidized bed () using a secondary process fluid. 1. Method for producing a product gas from a fuel , comprisinginputting the fuel into a pyrolysis chamber and executing a pyrolysis process for obtaining a product gas,recirculating parts of the fuel exiting from the pyrolysis chamber to a combustion chamber, andin the combustion chamber executing a gasification process in a fluidized bed using a primary process fluid, followed by a combustion process in an area above the fluidized bed using a secondary process fluid, wherein the gasification process is operated with an equivalence ratio ER between 0.9 and 0.99, the equivalence ratio ER being defined as the ratio of the amount of oxygen supplied divided by the amount of oxygen needed for complete combustion of the fuel.2. (canceled)3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the fluidized bed is operated with an equivalence ratio ER of at least 1.4. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the primary process fluid is used for controlling the temperature in the fluidized bed.5. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the equivalence ratio is controlled by one or more of:reducing supply of the primary process fluid, reducing oxygen content in the primary process fluid, adding an inert gas to the primary process fluid, and/or adding flue gas to the primary process fluid.6. Method according to claim 5 , wherein the equivalence ratio is controlled based on measurement of a temperature in the product gas claim 5 , and/or a temperature in the flue gas from the combustion process claim 5 , and/ ...

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Номер записи: 96
31-12-2015 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING HIGH BIOGENIC CONCENTRATION FISCHER-TROPSCH LIQUIDS DERIVED FROM MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES (MSW) FEEDSTOCKS

Номер: US20150376510A1
Автор: Lucas Stephen H., Rich Lewis L., Tiverios Peter G.
Принадлежит: FULCRUM BIOENERGY, INC.

Processes for producing high biogenic concentration Fischer-Tropsch liquids derived from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW) feedstock that contains a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (derived from fossil sources) wherein the biogenic content of the Fischer-Tropsch liquids is the same as the biogenic content of the feedstock. 1. A system for producing high biogenic carbon concentration Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) liquids derived from municipal solid wastes (MSW) processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon (carbon derived from plants) and a relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon (from fossil sources of carbon) along with other non-carbonaceous materials , said system comprising:a) a bio-refinery for converting the processed feedstock into Fischer-Tropsch liquids while maintaining the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon and the relatively low concentration of non-biogenic carbon from the municipal solid wastes; [{'sub': '2', 'the processed feedstock and produces syngas containing CO, H2, HO and CO2;'}, 'selectively receives recycled hydrocarbon products and intermediate products to recover the biogenic carbon by the hydrocarbon reforming of the biogenic compounds; and', 'selectively receives recycled CO2; and, 'b) within the bio-refinery, a gasification island (GI) that provides at least gasification and sub-stoichiometric oxidation of the processed feedstock that contain a relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon, wherein the GI selectively receivesc) in a power generation process, converting some or all of the high biogenic carbon content material into high biogenic power with reduced lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions and higher renewable energy credits.2. A system according to wherein the relatively high concentration of biogenic carbon is up to about 80% biogenic carbon in both the ...

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Номер записи: 97
31-12-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BIOMASS GRINDING AND FEEDING

Номер: US20150376518A1
Автор: Hilton Courtland M., Jovanovic Zoran, Perkins Christopher, Schramm Bryan, Simmons Wayne W.
Принадлежит:

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven bio-refinery that may include a entrained-flow biomass feed system that is feedstock flexible via particle size control of the biomass. Some embodiments include a chemical reactor that receives concentrated solar thermal energy from an array of heliostats. The entrained-flow biomass feed system can use an entrainment carrier gas and supplies a variety of biomass sources fed as particles into the solar-driven chemical reactor. Biomass sources in a raw state or partially torrified state may be used, as long as parameters such as particle size of the biomass are controlled. Additionally, concentrated solar thermal energy can drive gasification of the particles. An on-site fuel synthesis reactor may receive the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction use the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products in a hydrocarbon fuel synthesis process to create a liquid hydrocarbon fuel. 124-. (canceled)25. A bio-refinery to generate fuel product with an entrained-flow biomass feed system , comprising:a boiler to produce steam and to supply steam to a steam input;a chemical reactor having the steam input and one or more reactor tubes, where in the chemical reactor biomass i) in particle form, ii) in non-particle form, or iii) both, is configured to be gasified in a presence of steam from the steam input and to generate at least hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction;the entrained-flow biomass feed system having two or more feed lines to supply the biomass into the chemical reactor, where a gas source for a pressurized entrainment carrier gas is coupled to the entrained-flow biomass feed system;a heat drying unit to apply heat to the biomass in order to provide dried biomass to enter the entrained-flow biomass feed system, in which the two or more feed lines to supply the biomass; anda fuel synthesis reactor of the bio-refinery that is geographically located on a same site as the ...

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Номер записи: 98
29-12-2016 дата публикации

CONVERSION OF CARBONACEOUS FUELS INTO CARBON FREE ENERGY CARRIERS

Номер: US20160376512A1
Автор: Fan Liang-Shih, Li Fanxing
Принадлежит:

A system for converting fuel is provided and includes a first reactor comprising a plurality of ceramic composite particles, the ceramic composite particles comprising at least one metal oxide disposed on a support, wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the at least one metal oxide with a fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide; a second and reactor configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the said first reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate; a source of air; and a third reactor communicating with said source of air and configured to regenerate the at least one metal oxide from the remaining portion of the solids discharged from the said first reactor and the solids discharged from the said second reactor for by oxidizing the metal oxide intermediate. 125.-. (canceled)26. A system for converting fuel comprising:a first reactor comprising a shell side, a tube side, and a plurality of ceramic composite particles, with the ceramic composite particles comprising at least one metal oxide disposed on a support; a first inlet for providing a fuel to said shell side of said first reactor; and a second inlet for providing an oxygen-containing gas to said tube side of said first reactor; wherein the first reactor is configured to reduce the at least one metal oxide with said fuel to produce a reduced metal or a reduced metal oxide, and wherein at least a portion of the composite particles and fuel are directly sent to said tube side of said first reactor where the heat of combustion provides heat to the reaction in said shell side of said first reactor;a second reactor configured to oxidize at least a portion of the reduced metal or reduced metal oxide from the said first reactor to produce a metal oxide intermediate and a hydrogen rich gas stream;a source of air; anda third reactor communicating with said source of air and configured to regenerate the at least one metal oxide from the ...

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Номер записи: 99
20-12-2018 дата публикации

SLAG DISCHARGE SYSTEM AND GASIFIER

Номер: US20180362869A1
Автор: Koyama Yoshinori, MURAYAMA Masato
Принадлежит: Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.

This slag discharge system () includes: a slag hopper () of a coal gasifier (); a slag discharge line () that discharges a mixture of slag and slag water (W); a slag separation device () that separates the slag from the mixture of slag and slag water (W); a circulation pump () that forms a water flow from the slag hopper () to the slag separation device () in the slag discharge line (); a lock hopper () that stores slag which has been separated at the slag separation device () and discharges the same out of the coal gasifier () system: a slag discharge valve () that is provided on a lower outlet of the lock hopper (); and a slag water return flow line () for returning the slag water (W) which has been separated at the slag separation device () to the slag hopper. 1. A slag discharge system , comprising:a slag hopper which is provided in a bottom portion of a gasifier for pyrolyzing and gasifying carbonaceous feedstock, accommodates slag generated from the carbonaceous feedstock, and stores slag water for cooling the slag;a slag discharge line through which a mixture of the slag and the slag water is discharged from the bottom portion of the slag hopper;a slag separation device which is connected to a downstream end of the slag discharge line and separates the slag from the mixture of the slag and the slag water,a circulation pump which forms a water flow from the slag hopper to the slag separation device in the slag discharge line;a lock hopper which stores a predetermined amount of the slag separated by the slag separation device and discharges the predetermined amount of slag out of a system of the gasifier;a slag discharge valve which is provided in a lower outlet of the lock hopper; anda slag water reflux line through which the slag water separated by the slag separation device is returned to the slag hopper.2. The slag discharge system according to claim 1 , further comprising:a temporary storage hopper which is provided between the slag separation device and ...

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Номер записи: 100