СПОСОБ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ ВЫСОКОДИСПЕРСНЫХ ГОРЮЧИХ

В сосуде под давлением, который рассчитан на давление процесса газификации под давлением, концентрически располагаются реактор газификации, труба для (быстрого) охлаждения и конвекционный котел. Выходящий из реактора газификации аксиально вверх неочищенный газ вводится в прикрепленную вверху трубу для охлаждения. Вводится холодный газ. Смешанный газовый поток из неочищенного газа и холодного газа с помощью ротационно-симметричного в отношении оси трубы для охлаждения поворотного заслона изменяет направление на 180o и преобразуется в имеющий форму идущего по полому цилиндру газовый поток. Такой газовый поток вводится в выполненный в виде полого цилиндра конвекционный котел, который концентрически окружает трубу для охлаждения. Поток неочищенного газа при выходе из конвекционного котла отводится из него с помощью устройства для отвода неочищенного газа. Скорость потока неочищенного газа устанавливается так, чтобы увлеченные с неочищенным газом частицы шлаков и золы за счет изменения направления ...

ГАЗОГЕНЕРАТОР ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ

Method and system for supplying a reactor for generating crude synthesis gas.

Method and system for supplying a reactor for generating crude synthesis gas.

Method and system for supplying a reactor for generating crude synthesis gas.

DEVICE FOR THE PRINTING RELAXATION OF REACTORS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF POWDERY FUELS

Apparatus and prcess for discharging ash from a high pressure gasifier

Method and device for producing synthesis gases by partial oxidation of slurries prepared from fuels containing ash and full quenching of the crude gas

Gasification reactor

A gasification reactor (1) comprising a gasifier (2) with a tubular gastight wall (3) arranged within a pressure vessel (9). The gasification reactor comprises one or more pressure responsive devices (20, 21) comprising a sleeve (22, 48) with a cooled section (24, 50) extending outwardly from an opening (23, 49) in the gastight wall. The pressure responsive devices can, e.g. include a pressure measurement device (21) and/or a pressure equalizer (20). Method of using a pressure responsive device with such a gasifier (2), wherein a heat sluice is used formed by a sleeve (22, 48) with a cooled section (24, 50) extending outwardly from an opening (23, 49) in the gastight wall.

GASIFICATION REACTOR-SHELL

APPARATUS FOR GASIFYING FINELY DIVIDED FUELS

METHOD OF PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS

The present invention relates to a method of producing synthesis gas by partial oxidation of a carbonaceous stream, wherein the partial oxidation is controlled using an oxygen to carbon ratio (O/C ratio), the method comprising at least the steps of: (a) feeding a carbonaceous stream and an oxygen containing stream into a gasification reactor at a selected O/C ratio; (b) at least partially oxidising the carbonaceous stream in the gasification reactor, thereby obtaining a gaseous product stream at least containing synthesis gas, CO2 and CH4; (c) determining the content of CO2, in the product stream obtained in step (b); (d) comparing the content determined in step (c) with a pre-determined content thereby possibly obtaining a difference value between the content determined in step (c) and the pre-determined content; (e) adjusting the O/C ratio in step (a) based on the difference value obtained in step (d).

A Pressurized Reactor System and a Method of Operating the Same

COAL WATER AERATOR IN BED FLUIDIZES UNDER AN HIGH PRESSURE

DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING GAS IN A SUPERCRITICAL MEDIUM IS AN AQUEOUS EFFLUENT

Dispositif pour détendre la pression de réacteurs de gazéification de poussières.

A.DISPOSITIF COMPRENANT UNE ENVELOPPE EN TOLE, UNE CHEMISE D'EAU, UNE ENVELOPPE SUPPORTANT LA PRESSION, UN REVETEMENT DE MACONNERIE ET UN CHEMISAGE DE REFROIDISSEMENT AVEC UN INTERSTICE ENTRE CES DEUX DERNIERS ELEMENTS. B.CARACTERISE EN CE QUE, EN VUE D'ASSURER LA DETENTE DU REACTEUR, IL EST PREVU, DANS LE TIERS INFERIEUR DU REACTEUR, UNE TUBULURE POUR L'AMENEE DE L'AGENT A ACTION D'INERTIE ET MENANT, DEPUIS L'EXTERIEUR, JUSQU'A L'ESPACE VIDE ENTRE LE CHEMISAGE DE REFROIDISSEMENT ET LE REVETEMENT DE MACONNERIE, CET ESPACE VIDE ETANT RELIE, DANS LE TIERS SUPERIEUR DU REACTEUR, PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE D'UNE FENTE, A LA CHAMBRE DE REACTION. C.DISPOSITIF APPLICABLE AUX REACTEURS DE GAZEIFICATION DE COMBUSTIBLES PULVERULENTS.

FUEL AERATOR THAT FUNCTIONS UNDER HIGH PRESSURES AND TEMPERATURES

INSTITUTION FOR THE VERGASSEN OF FIJNVERDEELDE FUELS

Inductively coupled plasma/partial oxidation reformation of carbonaceous compounds to produce fuel for energy production

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) reforming converts carbonaceous compounds into a fuel for use in generating electrical power. Energy rich hydrocarbon fuels, such as coal, marine diesel, oils, and hydrocarbon wastes are employed as a feedstock for the ICP, which transforms the feedstock into a fuel that can be used by fuel cells and gas turbines for the production of electricity. The overall efficiency of an ICP-based electrical power system can be increased by providing partial oxidation within the reaction vessel. The partial oxidation conditions consume a small amount of the reformed fuel gas, thereby liberating sufficient thermal energy to reduce the electrical power requirements of the ICP to maintain desired reactor temperatures, and providing an increase in the overall net electrical power production. The integrated power production system can also adjust to meet an increased requirement for process heat and steam by balancing the effect of partial oxidation.

Cyclic char gasifier

A cyclic char gasifier process and apparatus are described wherein reactant gases are first compressed into the pores of a char fuel to react and then the reacted gases are expanded out of the char fuel pores. This cycle of compression and expansion is repeated with fresh reactant gases supplied for each compression and with reacted gases removed at each expansion. Air and steam are preferred reactant gases when the char fuel is to be gasified by oxidation. Reacted gases from such an oxidation gasifier plant are preferred reactant gases when the char fuel is to be partially gasified by devolatilization. Rapid reaction to a rich product gas can occur over the large surface area inside the char pores and the undesireable Neumann reversion reaction is suppressed by the strongly reducing conditions prevailing therein. The gases of devolatilization gasification can be used to enrichen the gases of oxidation gasification by using two cyclic char gasifier plants in a combination system. The char ...

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND ITS USE

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЕГО ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИЯ

... 1. Способ получения синтез-газа путем парциального окисления потока, содержащего углерода, в котором парциальное окисление регулируют с использованием соотношения кислорода к углероду (соотношение О/С), и содержит, по меньшей мере, стадии: ! (a) подачу потока, содержащего углерод, и кислородсодержащего потока в реактор газификации при заданном соотношении О/С; ! (b) по меньшей мере, частичное окисление потока, содержащего углерод, в реакторе газификации с образованием газообразного потока продукта, содержащего, по меньшей мере, синтез-газ СО2 и CH4; ! (c) определение содержания СО2 в потоке продукта, полученном на стадии (b); ! (d) сравнение содержания СО2, обнаруженного на стадии (с), с предварительно заданным содержанием СО2 в результате чего может быть получена величина разности между содержанием, обнаруженным на стадии (с), и предварительно заданным содержанием; ! (e) регулирование соотношения О/С на стадии (а), основываясь на величине разности, полученной на стадии (d), ! где 'О' означает ...

Способ и устройство для газификации мелкозернистого топлива под давлением

Газогенератор высокого давления со взвешенным слоем топлива

Метод осуществления химической реакции между твердыми и газообразными реагентами

Футеровка цилиндрической топочной камеры

Изобретение относится к энергетике и м.б. использовано для теплоизоляции камер сгорания. Изобретение позволяет повысить надежность и улучшить удобства эксплуатации. Футеровка имеет блоки 2,3,4, между которыми расположены уплотнителыше пластины (П) 5 с отогнутыми участками (YJ 6«,П 5 разделены на несколько секторов, частично перекрывающих ад,т1 другой в зоне радиальных кромок. У 6 в варианте исполнения м.б.установлены в щели между блоками 2,3,4. Один из У 6 может liMeTb на конце дополнительный гиб, образующий с ним карман. В последнем расположен аналогичный У смежной П 5, с возможностью аксиального перемещения. Свободная кромка этого У и свободная кромка У 6, образующего карман, имеют дополнитель§ ные гибы. В варианте исполнения П 5 имеют отогнутые У, соединенные до-полнительной П. Блок 4 снабжен несу jHT С щим и опорньм кольцами ,16 и 17, а также кольцевыми консолями. Кольца 16 и 17 м.б. соединены винтами. П 5 выполнены из металлической фольги. толщ, от 0,01 до 1 мм, предпочтительно от ...

HIGH PRESSURE FLUIDISED BED COAL GASIFIER

VORRICHTUNG ZUR HERABSETZUNG BZW. VERMEIDUNG UNZULAESSIGER WANDUEBERHITZUNGEN IN WASSERGEKUEHLTEN FESTBETTDRUCKGASGENERATOREN

ZYLINDRISCHER DRUCKREAKTOR ZUR ERZEUGUNG EINES BRENNBAREN GASES

PROCESS OF CONVERTING SOLID WASTE INTO A COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCT GAS

... 1408694 Converting solid waste SYNGAS RECYLING CORP 10 May 1973 22376/73 Heading C5E Solid waste is converted into a combustible product gas by contacting one or more of municipal sewage sludge, refuse, carbohydratecontaining industrial, agricultural or farming waste, e.g. corn stalks, cow manure, in a reaction zone with a reaction gas composed of at least 90 mole per cent hydrogen at a reaction pressure of 1000 to 3000 p.s.i.g. and a temperature of 500‹ to 675‹ C.; removing from the reaction zone the resulting carbonaceous residue free of liquid hydrocarbon products; and removing from the reaction zone a product gas at a pressure of at least 1000 p.s.i.g., the product gas being sustantially free of condensable or entrained hydrocarbon products and including methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water vapour. The product gas may contain ethane. The produce gas may be cooled to condense the water vapour, the carbon dioxide removed and the carbon monoxide methanated.

APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF FINELY-DIVIDED FUELS

... 1501284 Gasifiers SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 2 May 1975 [30 May 1974] 18550/75 Heading C5E A gasifier comprises a gasification chamber 3 defined by a water tube wall structure 2 composed of tubes 4 joined to headers 5, 6, the tube wall structure being separated from the outer pressure shell 1 by layers 11, 12 of insulating material; to facilitate dismantling of the apparatus, the layers 11, 12 are separable along parting boundary 13 and the tube wall structure is removable as a unit, the outer pressure shell being dismantlable by releasing flange connectors 39. A further parting boundary 34 is provided in layer 12 at the level of lower header 6. A layer 10 of refractory tamping compound protects the tube wall structure from the flames in the chamber 1. In use, a mixture of powdered coal and oxygen is fed to burners 16, gases are discharged through water-cooled outlet 18, and slag through a water-cooled discharge shaft 23. An oxygen lance 32 burns off any slag deposits ...

DRUCKREAKTOR AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS ENTERPRISE

DEVICE FOR THE PRINTING RELAXATION OF REACTORS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF POWDERY FUELS

DEVICE TO THE GASIFICATION OF CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIALS.

Gasification method and device for producing synthesis gases by partial oxidation of fuels containing ash at elevated pressure and with quench-cooling of the crude gas

Method for producing synthesis gas or a hydrocarbon product

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SLURRY HANDLING

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SLURRY HANDLING A system includes a slurry depressurizing system that includes a liquid expansion system configured to continuously receive a slurry at a first pressure and continuously discharge the slurry at a second pressure. For example, the slurry depressurizing system may include an expansion turbine to expand the slurry from the first pressure to the second pressure. 1 - - - - - -1 WATER:DER82O90 30 L ----- --- 5 3 8 ,F I G 3 2 3I- 2 4------------ ...

APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF FINELY DIVIDED FUELS

APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF FINELY DIVIDED FUELS

K 6909 Coal gasification reactor comprising a gasification chamber surrounded by a pressure shell, a tubular quench section above the gasification chamber and a superposed waste heat boiler wherein heat expansion means are provided between the various parts and in the tubing particularly bellow type expansion means between waste heat boiler and quench section as well as between quench section and gasification chamber.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SUPPLYING A REACTOR FOR GENERATING CRUDE SYNTHESIS GAS

By means of a process for supplying a reactor (32) for generating crude synthesis gas with fuel (3), the fuel supply to a pressurized gasification plant according to the line should be configured in such a manner that the nitrogen input into the crude gas is minimized or completely avoided. This is achieved by using a gas predominantly consisting of CO2 (more than 95 vol% CO2 with admixtures such as H2, CO, N2, hydrocarbons or the like) - for inertizing and loosening the fuel in the storage vessel (2), - for loosening and fluidizing the contents of the lock vessel (5), - as lock gas from the lock vessels (5), - for loosening and fluidizing in the storage vessel (29) and also - for feeding the fuel between the plant components and from the storage vessel (25) to the gasification reactor (32).

Device and treatment process for crushed coal gasification using part of carbon dioxide as gasifying agent

Method for the gasification of carbonaceous materials and device for implementing same

Multifunctional high-pressure gasification experimental system

APPARATUS AND CATALYTIC PROCESS OF CRACKING HAVE BED FLUIDIZES

DEVICE FOR INTRODUCING GAS IN A SUPERCRITICAL MEDIUM IS AN AQUEOUS EFFLUENT

생가스를 생산하기 위한 가스화 반응기

... 본 발명은 애시의 융해온도 위의 온도들에서 애시 함유 연료와 산소 함유 가스와의 가스화를 통해 CO 또는 H2 함유 생가스를 생산하기 위한 가스화 반응기에 관한 것으로, 이때 압력용기의 내부에는, 냉각매체가 관류되는 멤브레인벽에 의해 형성된 반응 챔버가 제공되어 있으며, 이에 이어서 전이 영역, 켄칭 챔버 및 슬래그/워터 배스가 중력 방향으로 제공되어 있다. 본 발명의 목적은 특히 슬래그 용기에게 경제적인 디자인을 부여하고, 그리고 이와 동시에 여러 가지 기능을 갖도록 하는 것이다. 이 목적은 슬래그/워터 배스 (13) 안에 깔대기형 슬래그 수집 용기 (12) 가 제공되어 있으며, 상기 슬래그 수집 용기는 슬래그의 입사 방향 (화살표 18) 으로 침전콘으로서의 제 2 깔대기형 삽입물 (15) 을 갖추고 있고, 상기 삽입물의 깔대기벽은 슬래그 수집 용기 (12) 쪽으로 주변 환상 간극 (17) 을 형성하며, 그리고 그의 자유 모서리 (16) 는 슬래그 수집 용기 (12) 의 자유 모서리 (14) 보다 위에 배치되어 있음으로써 달성된다.

Plant for waste disposal and associated method

METHOD FOR STARTING UP A FIXED-BED PRESSURE GASIFICATION REACTOR

A method for heating up the fuel bed on start-up of a fixed-bed pressure gasification reactor, wherein as heating gas carbon dioxide or an inert gas, such as nitrogen, is used. The heating operation is effected at the future operating pressure of the fixed-bed pressure gasification reactor.

GASIFICATION REACTOR

A gasification reactor (1) comprising a gasifier (2) with a tubular gastight wall (3) arranged within a pressure vessel (9). The tubular gastight wall is provided with one or more pressure relief passages (20) sealed by a rupture element (38, 39). The pressure relief passages (20) can be provided with a cooled section, such as a double walled section confining a coolant channel (24).

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS OR A HYDROCARBON PRODUCT

The present invention relates to a process for producing synthesis gas or a hydrocarbon product from a carbonaceous fuel, the process at least comprising the steps of : (a) supplying a carbonaceous fuel and an oxygen containing stream to a burner of a gasification reactor, wherein a CO2 containing transport gas is used to transport the solid carbonaceous fuel to the burner; (b) partially oxidising the carbonaceous fuel in the gasification reactor, thereby obtaining a gaseous stream at least comprising CO, CO2, and H2 ; (c) removing the gaseous stream obtained in step (b) from the gasification reactor; wherein the weight ratio of CO2 to the carbonaceous fuel in step (a) is less than 0.5 on a dry basis.

JET GASIFIER AND ITS CONTROL METHOD

According to the present invention, the important characteristic of the construction of the jet gasifier (drawing no. 1) consists in that it includes, among others, a dry steam generator (SG) supplied from the outside, a steam superheater (SS), an injector jet pump (IJP), a system for feeding the fragmented mass to be gasified (MFS), preferably biomass, a reaction chamber (RC), an ejector jet pump (EJP), a water pump (WP), a separation and cooling system (SCS), a combustible gas container (CGC), valves, to include safety valves, various meters and sensors, in particular temperature and pressure meters and sensors, and a control system, and that these components are connected is such a way that the steam outlet from the dry steam generator (SG) is hydraulically connected, preferably through electrically controlled pressure reducing valve (PRV1), with the inlet of the steam superheater (SS), and its outlet is connected with the supply nozzle (nozzle propeller) of the injector jet pump (IJP ...

Gasification process and feed system

A process for the gasification of a solid carbonaceous feed, the process comprising the steps of: introducing a batch of the solid carbonaceous feed into a sluice vessel, while an internal pressure in the sluice vessel is at a first pressure; introducing at least recycled CO2 into the sluice vessel via one or more gas inlets covered by the solid carbonaceous feed, to pressurize the sluice vessel from the first pressure to a second pressure exceeding the first pressure, during a predetermined time period; closing the one or more gas inlets; opening a feed outlet of the sluice vessel to supply the batch of the solid carbonaceous feed to a feed vessel for feeding the solid carbonaceous feed to a gasification reactor; closing the feed outlet; venting the sluice vessel to reduce the internal pressure to the first pressure; and repeating the process.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

ШЛЮЗОВОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ЗАГРУЗКИ ТВЕРДОГО ТОПЛИВАВ РАБОТАЮЩИЙ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ ГАЗОГЕНЕРАТОР

Полезная модель относится к области энергетики и может быть использована в газогенераторах систем внутрицикловой газификации твердого топлива в газотурбинных, в том числе в парогазовых энергетических установках. Достигаемым результатом полезной модели является создание шлюзового устройства, обеспечивающего надежную герметизацию работающего под давлением газогенератора. Согласно полезной модели каждый (входной и выходной) шлюзовой затвор шлюзового устройства выполнен в виде шиберной задвижки 15, выдвигаемой в открытом состоянии за пределы внутреннего пространства шлюзового устройства, а в последнем дополнительно установлено средство закрытия проема под задвижку при ее открытом положении. Указанное средство выполнено в виде полой вставки 17, соединенной с механизмом 18 ее осевого возвратно-поступательного перемещения. Шлюзовое устройство снабжено также соплами 19 для струйной очистки газообразным агентом от частиц топлива каждой полой вставки 17 в положении закрытия проема под соответствующую ...

ОГНЕУПОРНЫЙ СОСУД ДАВЛЕНИЯ

А 2002132656 Ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ х < < х < 13 х ; © \ Мм (11) м \ \ 5 МК’ С 40 4 3/20, 3/74 (12 ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ЗАЯВКЕ НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2002132656/15, 04.05.2001 (30) Приоритет: 05.05.2000 ЦЗ 09/565,826 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.08.2004 (85} Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 05.12.2002 (86) Заявка РСТ: 1$ 01/14595 (04.05.2001) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 01/86220 (15.11.2001) Адрес для переписки: 129010, Москва, ул. Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. Г.Б. Егоровой (71) Заявитель(и): ДАУ ГЛОБАЛ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИЗ ИНК. (1$) (72) Автор(ы): ДЖЕВЕЛЛ Деннис В. (0$) (74) Патентный поверенный: Егорова Галина Борисовна (54) ОГНЕУПОРНЫЙ СОСУД ДАВЛЕНИЯ РАЭА - Признание заявок на изобретение отозванными в связи с непредставлением в установленный срок ходатайства о проведении экспертизы заявки по существу (51) С10. Дата отзыва заявки: 11.01.2005 Извещение опубликовано: 27.03.2005 БИ: 09/2005 Страница: 1 па 9996$1600С А"

Устройство для газификации пылевидногоТОплиВА

1501284 Gasifiers SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV 2 May 1975 [30 May 1974] 18550/75 Heading C5E A gasifier comprises a gasification chamber 3 defined by a water tube wall structure 2 composed of tubes 4 joined to headers 5, 6, the tube wall structure being separated from the outer pressure shell 1 by layers 11, 12 of insulating material; to facilitate dismantling of the apparatus, the layers 11, 12 are separable along parting boundary 13 and the tube wall structure is removable as a unit, the outer pressure shell being dismantlable by releasing flange connectors 39. A further parting boundary 34 is provided in layer 12 at the level of lower header 6. A layer 10 of refractory tamping compound protects the tube wall structure from the flames in the chamber 1. In use, a mixture of powdered coal and oxygen is fed to burners 16, gases are discharged through water-cooled outlet 18, and slag through a water-cooled discharge shaft 23. An oxygen lance 32 burns off any slag deposits which form in outlet 21.

VORRICHTUNG ZUR DRUCKENTSPANNUNG VON REAKTOREN FUER DIE VERGASUNG STAUBFOERMIGER BRENNSTOFFE

Refractory pressure vessel

Process to prepare a gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SLURRY HANDLING

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SLURRY HANDLING A system includes a slurry depressurizing system that includes a liquid expansion system configured to continuously receive a slurry at a first pressure and continuously discharge the slurry at a second pressure. For example, the slurry depressurizing system may include an expansion turbine to expand the slurry from the first pressure to the second pressure. 1 - - - - - -1 WATER:DER82O90 30 L ----- --- 5 3 8 ,F I G 3 2 3I- 2 4------------ ...

PROVIDING FOR EXPANSION IN PULVERISED COAL GASIFIER

INTEGRATION OF GASIFICATION AND AMMONIA PRODUCTION

A method and system are described for making ammonia using hydrogen from a gasification process and for integrating the steam systems of the two processes. The gasification process provides high-pressure, purified hydrogen and high-pressure, saturated steam. The high pressure hydrogen lowers the overall compression requirement for the ammonia process. In addition, the high- pressure, saturated steam can be converted into superheated steam by recovering heat from ammonia synthesis and used to power steam turbines for compression and refrigeration needs.

APPAREIL POUR LA GAZEIFICATION DE COMBUSTIBLES FINEMENT DIVISES

L'invention concerne un appareil de gazéification. L'appareil comporte une chambre de gazéification 1 entourée par une enveloppe de pression 2, une section d'extinction tubulaire 4 disposée au-dessus de la chambre 1 et une chaudière 3 de récupération des chaleurs perdues superposée. Des moyens permettant la dilatation thermique 5, 6, 16, 18 sont prévus entre les divers éléments et dans les tubes; plus particulièrement, des éléments de dilatation thermique du type soufflet sont prévus entre la chaudière 3 et la section d'extinction 4 et entre cette section et la chambre de gazéification. L'appareil est applicable notamment à un réacteur de gazéification du charbon.

UTILISATION OF THE PERCEPTIBLE HEAT OF CRUDE GAS DURING ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFICATION

A method for the entrained flow gasification of solid and liquid fuel combines the non-catalytic conversion of crude gas with chemical quenching in a reaction chamber that is subdivided into zones and is situated downstream of the gasification chamber, in order to utilise the perceptible heat of the crude gas for generating chemically bound energy. To achieve this, dry, solid or liquid fuel is introduced into the hot crude gas together with water vapour or carbon dioxide in one or more zones of the reaction chamber.

METHOD FOR PREVENTING DEPOSITS FROM CARBONATE-RICH WATERS IN ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFICATION

The invention relates to a method in which the precipitation of alkaline earth metal carbonates from circulating waters of a gasification process is prevented by admixing CO2-rich condensates from the process itself. TheCO2-rich condensates are obtained according to the process stages of untreated and treated gas conversion.

Cyclic char gasifier oxidation process

A cyclic char gasifier process and apparatus are described wherein reactant gases are first compressed into the pores of a char fuel to react and then the reacted gases are expanded out of the char fuel pores. This cycle of compression and expansion is repeated with fresh reactant gases supplied for each compression and with reacted gases removed at each expansion. Air and steam are preferred reactant gases when the char fuel is to be gasified by oxidation. Reacted gases from such an oxidation gasifier plant are preferred reactant gases when the char fuel is to be partially gasified by devolatilization. Rapid reaction to a rich product gas can occur over the large surface area inside the char pores and the undesirable Neumann reversion reaction is suppressed by the strongly reducing conditions prevailing therein. The gases of devolatilization gasification can be used to enrichen the gases of oxidation gasification by using two cyclic char gasifier plants in a combination system. The char ...

Two stage carbonizer

A two stage carbonizer places as much heat as possible into the gas streams entering the carbonizer to drive off volatile matter and reduce tars and oils by thermal cracking which is enhanced by the addition of sorbent. The carbonizer operates as a fluidized bed with a combustor providing flue gas as one fluidizing medium and preheated air as the other. This allows the coal to be devolatilized and the tars and oils to be thermally cracked due to the direct contact with the coal and hot flue gas. The device is designed to operate at high pressures from about 12-20 atmospheres.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Reaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung

Flugstromreaktor zur Vergasung kohlenstoffhaltiger Brenn-, Rest- und Abfallstoffe mit einem sauerstoffhaltigen Vergasungsmittel bei Drücken zwischen Umgebungsdruck und 80 bar, wobei die Reaktionsraumkontur begrenzt ist durch eine Feuerfestauskleidung (6) und (7) innerhalb des Reaktordruckmantels (4), wobei wasserführende Kanäle (5) zur Regelung der Temperatur des Druckmantels (4) an dessen Außenseite vorgesehen sind und wobei Mittel vorgesehen sind, die die Einstellung von Wasserdruck und -Temperatur in den Kanälen (5) unabhängig von Druck und Temperatur im Reaktionsraum derart gestatten, daß die Temperatur an der Innenseite des Reaktordruckmantels (4) stets oberhalb des Taupunktes der im Reaktionsraum vorhandenen Gasatmosphäre liegt.

DEVICE TO THE GASIFICATION OF FINE-GRAINED COAL.

Method and device for producing synthesis gases by partial oxidation of slurries made from fuels containing ash with partial quenching and waste heat recovery

COAL GASIFICATION REACTOR WITH WASTE HEAT BOILER

CATALYTIC METHOD FOR GASIFICATION OF FOSSIL FUELS

CARBONIZATION AND GASIFICATION OF BIOMASS AND POWER GENERATION SYSTEM

Biomass, including waste biomass, is gasified by a process in which the biomass is first carbonized, and the char and pyrolysis gas from the carbonizer are respectively fed to a high temperature gasifying part and a gas reformer part of a two-stage gasifier. A gasifying agent is continuously fed to the gasifying part, and intermittently fed to the gas reformer, to maintain the temperature required to avoid tar formation in the gas reformer stage. Multiple carbonization chambers are operated in rotation. When the carbonization/gasification apparatus is used to provide fuel to an electric power generator set, exhaust heat from the generator power plant is fed back to the carbonizer, and can be supplemented by exchange of heat from the gas delivered to generator power plant from the outlet of the gasifier.

FURNACE LINING

A lining for a furnace chamber which is at least approximately round in cross-section is divided into at least two layers in a radial direction and into at least two portions in an axial direction. A gas seal is disposed between the lining portions, the gas seal being in the form of a foil as of metal and being divided in a radial direction into at least two portions releasably connected together in such a manner as to permit the inner portion to be removed in an axial direction. The gas seal can therefore be composed of individual seal portions, in a radial direction, and can be fitted separately.

Pressurized gasification device and method for downstream cooling staged washing of synthesis gas

APPARATUS FOR THE FUEL GASIFICATION FINELY DIVIDED

PROCESS TO PREPARE A GAS MIXTURE OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE

Process to prepare a gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from an ash containing carbonaceous feedstock by performing the following steps, (i) partial oxidation of the ash containing carbonaceous feedstock with an oxygen containing gas thereby obtaining liquid ash and a gas mixture comprising of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and solids, (ii) separating more than 90wt% of the liquid ash from the gas mixture, (iii) reducing the temperature of the gas mixture, in the absence of the separated ash (iv) scrubbing the cooled gas of step (iii) by contacting with liquid water obtaining a scrubbed gas and a water effluent containing ash, (v) separating the ash from the water effluent by means of a decanter centrifuge thereby obtaining a wet ash and a stream of water poor in ash.

A PROCESS AND A REACTION APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WET BIOMASS

A process for the gasification of wet biomass. The process comprises heating wet biomass at a pressure in the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa. The wet biomass is heated from a temperature of at most T1 to a temperature of at least T2 by heat exchange with a first heating fluid. The gasification product is further heated. The further heated gasification product is used as the first heating fluid, upon which the further heated gasification product is cooled down from a temperature of at least T3 to a temperature of at most T4. The temperatures T1, T2, T3 and T4 can be calculated by using certain mathematical formulae. Also claimed: a reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass.

INTEGRATION OF COAL GRINDING-DRYING, COAL SUPPLYING, AND COAL GASIFICATION FOR ENTRAINED-FLOW GASIFICATION PLANTS

In a device for grinding-drying fuel and supplying fuel for an entrained-flow gasification plant in which a pulverized fuel is gasified at a pressure between 0.1 and 1 MPa (1 and 10 bar) to a raw gas high in H and CO content, a device (3) for grinding and drying the raw fuel to pulverized fuel, a dust filter (4), a pulverized fuel silo (5), a sluice (6*) with conveyance at the pressure of the entrained-flow gasification plant, a supply vessel (9) and an entrained-flow gasification plant (10) are directly connected in series. In contrast to conventional devices, the process steps of coal preparation and conveying are minimized here by integration and thus the required expenditure is significantly reduced.

INTERMITTENTLY-FED HIGH-PRESSURE GASIFIER

An improved gasifier (40) adapted for gasifying a predetermined charge (56, 56a) of non-gaseous fuel into fuel gas (26). Each charge of non-gaseous fuel, which may have optional conditioning materials (46, 48, 70) added to it, is intermittently fed to a gasifier chamber (42, 42a) where each charge is partially burned with high-pressure air (18) supplied thereto. High-pressure and temperature fuel gas (26) is produced which is cleansed prior to passing out of the gasifier chamber (42, 42a). After gasification of the charge (56, 56a) of fuel is ended, the gasifier chamber (42, 42a) is vented. The residue of the burned charge in the gasifier chamber (42, 42a) is removed, along with the contaminated or reacted conditioning materials, and replaced by a fresh charge. The subject invention provides a feasible way of continuously fueling an internal combustion engine (12) with gasified fuel and is compact enough to be practical for even mobile applications.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа/pаrtiаl охidаtiоn rеfоrmаtiоn оf саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds tо prоduсе fuеl fоr еnеrgу prоduсtiоn

Induсtivеlу соuplеd plаsmа (IСР) rеfоrming соnvеrts саrbоnасеоus соmpоunds intо а fuеl fоr usе in gеnеrаting еlесtriсаl pоwеr. Еnеrgу riсh hуdrосаrbоn fuеls, suсh аs соаl, mаrinе diеsеl, оils, аnd hуdrосаrbоn wаstеs аrе еmplоуеd аs а fееdstосk fоr thе IСР, whiсh trаnsfоrms thе fееdstосk intо а fuеl thаt саn bе usеd bу fuеl сеlls аnd gаs turbinеs fоr thе prоduсtiоn оf еlесtriсitу. Тhе оvеrаll еffiсiеnсу оf аn IСР-bаsеd еlесtriсаl pоwеr sуstеm саn bе inсrеаsеd bу prоviding pаrtiаl охidаtiоn within thе rеасtiоn vеssеl. Тhе pаrtiаl охidаtiоn соnditiоns соnsumе а smаll аmоunt оf thе rеfоrmеd fuеl gаs, thеrеbу libеrаting suffiсiеnt thеrmаl еnеrgу tо rеduсе thе еlесtriсаl pоwеr rеquirеmеnts оf thе IСР tо mаintаin dеsirеd rеасtоr tеmpеrаturеs, аnd prоviding аn inсrеаsе in thе оvеrаll nеt еlесtriсаl pоwеr prоduсtiоn. Тhе intеgrаtеd pоwеr prоduсtiоn sуstеm саn аlsо аdjust tо mееt аn inсrеаsеd rеquirеmеnt fоr prосеss hеаt аnd stеаm bу bаlаnсing thе еffесt оf pаrtiаl охidаtiоn.

АППАРАТ ДЛЯ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ ВЫСОКОДИСПЕРСНЫХ ГОРЮЧИХ

Реактор газификации, трубы для охлаждения и конвекционный котел с камерой котла расположены в резервуаре под давлением (автоклаве). Выше трубы для охлаждения в камере котла расположено устройство для изменения направления выходящего из трубы для охлаждения неочищенного газа. В области между реактором газификации и конвекционным котлом расположено устройство для отвода неочищенного газа. Реактор газификации в нижней части резервуара под давлением (автоклава) опирается на этот резервуар опорными точками. Конвективные поверхности нагрева идут от трубы для охлаждения и камеры котла. Трубы для охлаждения и камеры котла в своей нижней области выше устройства для отвода неочищенного газа укреплены на разгрузочных элементах, которые имеют пропуски для неочищенного газа и опираются на резервуар под давлением (автоклав). Между реактором газификации и трубой охлаждения огибающе расположен разделяющий трубу для охлаждения и реактор газификации зазор для ввода холодного газа. Зазор для ввода холодного ...

Устройство для непрерывного удаления золы из газогенераторов, работающих под высоким давлением

Устройство для непрерывного удаления шлаков из газогенератора высокого давления

Способ герметизации выводного для золы канала у газогенератора

Способ и устройство для удаления золы из газогенераторов высокого давления

DRUCKREAKTOR UND VERFAHREN ZU SEINEM BETRIEB

Safety arrangement for coal-charging closure system in pressure gas generator - has bunker shut=off slide plate arranged between upper sealing and lower support ring

Safety arrangement in the coal-charging closure system of pressure-type gas generators that operate on brown-coal briquettes with or without mixing them with raw lignite. The closure system has a bunker shut-off slide plate, closure head and coal sluice; the closure head is inerted by continuous flushing with safety gas. The sliding plate of the bunker shut-off slide-valve is arranged between an upper sealing ring and a lower support ring. USE/ADVANTAGE - The arrangement ensures safe charging of fuel, without interruption, into pressure-type static gasifiers. The bunker is partially inerted, and gas from the closure system is prevented from entering it.

Process to discharge organic wastes from a gas-tight hopper into a solid bed reactor under nitrogen pressure

A solid bed reactor (2) converts organic waste materials (3) into gas. The reactor receives an intermittent top-down replenishment feed as required from a gas-tight hopper (1) with a valve-controlled discharge outlet, with simultaneous introduction of pressurised gas at the top and bottom of the reactor. The feed (3) is a charge of pure organic materials, or a mixture of organic materials and coal. The (top) closed hopper discharges to the reactor aided by nitrogen at about the same pressure as the gas in the reactor. The wastes in the hopper may be exposed to gas pressure from above and/or below.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS WITH RECECLING OF WATER

Entrained flow gasifier with integrated radiation cooler

An entrained flow gasifier designed as a component for an Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle plant of optimized efficiency is provided. The raw gas initially flows through a waste heat unit designed as a radiation cooler and subsequently flows through a full water quench. This results in a higher ratio of steam in the raw gas, which decreases the medium-pressure steam supply before the water-gas shift and thus improves efficiency in IGCC plants with CO 2 separation.

GASIFICATION REACTOR

A gasification reactor including a gasifier with a tubular gastight wall arranged within a pressure vessel. The tubular gastight wall is provided with one or more pressure relief passages sealed by a rupture element. The pressure relief passages can be provided with a cooled section, such as a double walled section confining a coolant channel. 1. A gasification reactor comprising a gasifier with a tubular gastight wall arranged within a pressure vessel , wherein the tubular gastight wall is provided with one or more pressure relief passages sealed by a rupture element , wherein the one or more pressure relief passages comprise a sleeve with a cooled section extending outwardly from an opening in the gasifier wall and wherein the cooled section of the sleeve is provided with a double wall enclosing an annular coolant channel.2. A gasification reactor according to wherein the rupture element is a rupture disc.3. A gasification reactor according to wherein the cooled section of the sleeve is operatively connected to a pressure measurement device at the exterior of the pressure vessel via a measurement line.4. A gasification reactor according to wherein the gastight wall is at least partly built from interconnected parallel tubular lines claim 1 , and wherein the tubular lines are by-passed around the at least one of the one or more openings at the exterior side of the gasifier.5. A gasification reactor according to wherein a refractory lining surrounds the cooled section of the sleeve around the opening.6. A gasification reactor according to wherein one or more sections of the tubular lines by-passing one of the openings are embedded in the refractory lining around the sleeve section.7. A gasification reactor according to wherein the sleeve comprises a purging gas inlet.8. A gasification reactor according wherein one or more of the pressure relief passages branches into a first branch sealed by a first rupture element shaped and dimensioned to break at an overpressure ...

Arrangement and method for preparing a gas

The invention relates to an arrangement for preparing a gas in a closable reactor by supplying the reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material, such as chips, in substantially oxygen-free conditions, by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature, and by recovering the gas generated in a gasification reaction. In that the arrangement the reactor has its interior defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve, especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome, biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's interior, the reactor's interior is supplied with free water/water vapor in its supercritical state, which is optionally prepared catalytically by splitting water/water vapor, the biomass or wood material is conveyed into a gasification space of the reactor's interior, which is in connection with the heated gasification dome and which is adapted to have existing conditions selected in a manner such that the water present in said gasification space is present in its supercritical state, and the gas generated in the gasification reaction is recovered. 13. An arrangement for preparing a gas (G) in a closable reactor () by supplying said reactor with carbon-based biomass or chopped wood material , such as chips , in substantially oxygen-free conditions , by allowing the biomass or wood material to gasify at a high temperature , and by recovering the gas (G) generated in a gasification reaction (R) , wherein{'b': 3', '30', '24', '36, 'the reactor () has its interior () defined by a feed pipe whose inlet end is closable with a shut-off valve (), especially with a ball valve, and whose outlet end adjoins a heatable gasification dome (),'}{'b': '3', "biomass or chopped wood material is delivered from the feed pipe's inlet end into the reactor's () interior,"}{'b': '30', "the reactor's interior () is supplied with free ...

CORROSION REDUCTION FOR SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION THROUGH SEEDED SACRIFICIAL METAL

Technologies are presented for reducing corrosion M supercritical water gasification through seeded sacrificial metal particles. The metal panicles may be seeded into one or more material input streams through high pressure injection. Once distributed in the SCWG reactor, the metal particles may corrode preferentially to the metal SCWG reactor walls and convert into metal oxides that precipitate out above the supercritical point of water. The precipitated metal oxides may then be collected downstream of the SCWG reactor to be reprocessed back into seed metal at a smelter. The seeded metal particles may complete a process material cycle with limited net additional waste.

PRESSURIZED PLASMA ENHANCED REACTOR

The present invention is a vitrification and gasification system that operates at elevated pressures. The system includes a processing chamber having numerous penetrations, and seals for effectively sealing the penetrations to the processing chamber. 1. A method for converting organic compounds to useful gas products , the method comprising: at least one port; and', 'at least one electrode penetrating into the processing chamber through the at least one port;, 'introducing organic material and oxygen into a processing chamber of a gas product manufacturing system, the processing chamber includingmaintaining the processing chamber at a pressure of at least 2 atmospheres;preventing gas from diffusing through the at least one electrode with a sealing material diffused in the at least one electrode to create a gas tight seal in the at least one electrode;providing electrical energy to said electrode to induce reactions between the organic material and the oxygen to form synthesis gas.2. The method of wherein the at least one electrode is provided as a graphite electrode.3. The method of wherein the processing chamber is provided in communication with a separate gasification system.4. The method of wherein the gas product manufacturing system includes a product gas port in fluid communication with the processing chamber claim 1 , andthe method further includes removing the synthesis gas from the processing chamber through the product gas port.5. The method of wherein removing the synthesis gas from the processing chamber through the product gas port includes directing the product gas into a thermal residence chamber in fluid communication with the product gas port.6. The method of wherein the gas product manufacturing system includes material port in communication with the processing chamber; andthe method further includes introducing organic material into the processing chamber through the material port.7. The method of wherein the gas product manufacturing system ...

WASTE HEAT RECOVERY APPARATUS AND WASTE HEAT RECOVERY METHOD

Provided is a waste heat recovery apparatus including a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed on or in the waste gas exhaust pipe from the upstream to the downstream thereof, wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than that at the downstream. In an embodiment, the reformer can be a hydrogen-generation reformer, and the generated hydrogen is introduced into the burning equipment for use. In such manner, the waste heat can be effectively utilized, and the carbon deposition issue inside the burning equipment can be fixed. A waste heat recovery method is also provided. 1. A waste heat recovery apparatus , comprising:a first heat exchanger, a reformer and a reformer feed pre-heater sequentially disposed from an upstream to a downstream of a waste gas exhaust pipe, wherein a waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is higher than a waste gas temperature at the downstream,wherein an end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to a feeder for a reformer feed, and another end of the reformer feed pre-heater is connected to the reformer, andwherein the reformer is installed with a temperature controller to control a temperature inside the reformer.2. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the waste gas temperature at the upstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 200° C. to 400° C. claim 1 , and the waste gas temperature at the downstream of the waste gas exhaust pipe is about 100° C. to less than 200° C.3. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the temperature inside the reformer is controlled at about 200° C. to 350° C.4. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer comprises a catalyst bed and a heat balance pipe.5. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reformer feed pre-heater is integrated in the reformer.6. The waste heat recovery apparatus of claim 1 , wherein ...

SUPERCRITICAL WATER GASIFICATION WITH DECOUPLED PRESSURE AND HEAT TRANSFER MODULES

The present invention discloses a system and method for supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass materials wherein the system includes a SCWG reactor and a plurality of heat exchangers located within a shared pressurized vessel, which decouples the function of containing high pressure from the high temperature function. The present invention allows the heat transfer function to be conducted independently from the pressure transfer function such that the system equipment can be designed and fabricated in manner that would support commercial scaled-up SCWG operations. By using heat exchangers coupled to the reactor in a series configuration, significant efficiencies are achieved by the present invention SCWG system over prior known SCWG systems. 135-. (canceled)36. An apparatus for supercritical water gasification , the apparatus comprising:a pressure vessel having a wall separating an interior of the pressure vessel and an exterior of the pressure vessel;a reactor positioned within the interior of the pressure vessel, wherein the reactor is configured for super-critical water gasification of reactants to yield products;a supply path routed through the wall of the pressure vessel and to the reactor for providing reactants to the reactor from the exterior of the pressure vessel;an output path routed from the reactor and through the wall of the pressure vessel for providing products of super-critical water gasification from the reactor to the exterior of the pressure vessel; andone or more heat exchangers located within the interior of the pressure vessel, the one or more heat exchangers arranged and configured for transferring heat to reactants in the supply path from products in the output path, whereby heat is recycled from products and supplied to reactants en route to the reactor for super-critical water gasification processes,the apparatus configured to allow high temperature control to be decoupled from high pressure containment control.37. The ...

GASIFICATION APPARATUS WITH SUPERCRITICAL FLUID

A gasification apparatus heats and pressurizes a gasification feedstock to bring the gasification feedstock into a supercritical state, and performs decomposition-treatment on the gasification feedstock to obtain fuel gas. The gasification apparatus includes a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, and a synthesizer. The heat exchanger introduces the gasification feedstock into a low-temperature-side flow channel and introduces treated fluid in a supercritical state into a high-temperature-side flow channel, so that heat exchange is performed between the gasification feedstock and the treated fluid. The gas-liquid separator extracts, from the high-temperature-side flow channel, the treated fluid that has been in a subcritical state due to heat exchange, performs gas-liquid separation on the treated fluid, and returns a separated liquid to the high-temperature-side flow channel. The synthesizer synthesizes a liquid fuel from fuel gas separated by the gas-liquid separator. 1. A gasification apparatus that heats and pressurizes a gasification feedstock to bring the gasification feedstock into a supercritical state , and performs decomposition-treatment on the gasification feedstock to obtain fuel gas , the gasification apparatus comprising:a heat exchanger that introduces the gasification feedstock into a low-temperature-side flow channel and introduces treated fluid in a supercritical state into a high-temperature-side flow channel, so that heat exchange is performed between the gasification feedstock and the treated fluid;a gas-liquid separator that extracts, from the high-temperature-side flow channel, the treated fluid that has been in a subcritical state due to heat exchange, perform gas-liquid separation on the treated fluid, and returns a separated liquid to the high-temperature-side flow channel; anda synthesizer that synthesizes a liquid fuel from fuel gas separated by the gas-liquid separator.2. The gasification apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe ...

GASIFICATION APPARATUS WITH SUPERCRITICAL FLUID

A gasification apparatus heats and pressurizes a gasification feedstock to bring the gasification feedstock into a supercritical state, and performs decomposition-treatment on the gasification feedstock to obtain fuel gas. The gasification apparatus includes a heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, and a turbine. The heat exchanger introduces the gasification feedstock into a low-temperature-side flow channel and introduces treated fluid in a supercritical state into a high-temperature-side flow channel, so that heat exchange is performed between the gasification feedstock and the treated fluid. The gas-liquid separator extracts, from the high-temperature-side flow channel, the treated fluid that has been in a subcritical state due to heat exchange, performs gas-liquid separation on the treated fluid, and returns a separated liquid to the high-temperature-side flow channel. The turbine is powered by fuel gas separated by the gas-liquid separator. 1. A gasification apparatus that heats and pressurizes a gasification feedstock to bring the gasification feedstock into a supercritical state , and performs decomposition-treatment on the gasification feedstock to obtain fuel gas , the gasification apparatus comprising:a heat exchanger that introduces the gasification feedstock into a low-temperature-side flow channel and introduces treated fluid in a supercritical state into a high-temperature-side flow channel, so that heat exchange is performed between the gasification feedstock and the treated fluid;a gas-liquid that extracts, from the high-temperature-side flow channel, the treated fluid that has been in a subcritical state due to heat exchange, performs gas-liquid separation on the treated fluid, and returns a separated liquid to the high-temperature-side flow channel; anda turbine that is powered by fuel gas separated by the gas-liquid separator.2. The gasification apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe turbine is rotated by a jet of the fuel gas in a highly ...

GASIFICATION SYSTEM

A gasification system includes a countercurrent type heat exchanger that includes a low-temperature side flow channel through which a gasification feedstock flows, and a high-temperature side flow channel to which treated water in a supercritical state is introduced. The treated water raises a temperature of the gasification feedstock by exchanging heat with the gasification feedstock. The system further includes a reactor that gasifies the gasification feedstock, whose temperature has been raised by the countercurrent type heat exchanger, by heating and pressurizing the gasification feedstock to be in a supercritical state. The reactor discharges the gasification feedstock as treated water in the supercritical state. The system further includes a treated water flow channel that introduces, to the countercurrent type heat exchanger, the treated water that has been discharged from the reactor, and a feedstock introduction port that introduces the feedstock to the low-temperature side flow channel. 1. A gasification system comprising:a countercurrent type heat exchanger that includes a low-temperature side flow channel through which a gasification feedstock flows, and a high-temperature side flow channel to which treated water in a supercritical state is introduced, wherein the treated water raises a temperature of the gasification feedstock by exchanging heat with the gasification feedstock;a gasification reactor that gasifies the gasification feedstock, whose temperature has been raised by the countercurrent type heat exchanger, by heating and pressurizing the gasification feedstock to be in a supercritical state, wherein the gasification reactor discharges the gasification feedstock as treated water in the supercritical state;a treated water flow channel that introduces, to the countercurrent type heat exchanger, the treated water that has been discharged from the gasification reactor;a feedstock introduction port that introduces the gasification feedstock to the ...

Method and Device for the Entrained Flow Gasification of Solid Fuels under Pressure

The invention relates to a process and apparatus for entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure, characterized in that first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are supplied in at least two stages to a powdery gasification stream input from above without burners so that a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to it, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed. There is partial gasification of the gasification materials because of the addition of the first gasification agents, which are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition; temperatures arise in the first, upper gasification chamber that are greater than 600° C. Furthermore, the carbon conversion of the first gasification products is limited to a maximum of 80% with reference to the carbon input of the gasification materials. Because of the addition of the second gasification agents that are apportioned in terms of quantity and composition, temperatures arise in the second gasification chamber that are so high that complete gasification takes place for the most part and the desired composition of the raw synthesis gases of the second gasification products is achieved. In the process, the ashes are discharged in a dry form and/or in the form of melted slag. 1. Method for the entrained flow gasification of solid fuels under pressure by means of an entrained flow gasifier with a pressure reactor with two gasification chambers anda vertically downwards flow,into which powdery gasification materials are input from above,to which first and second gasification agents containing oxygen are added in at least two stages, so a first, upper gasification chamber and, connected to that, a second, lower gasification chamber are formed, andfrom which gasification products that are comprised of raw synthesis gases loaded with liquid slag and/or solids are discharged downwards out of the gasification chambers,characterized in thatthe powdery gasification materials are input ...

REGENERATOR FOR SYNGAS CLEANUP AND ENERGY RECOVERY IN GASIFIER SYSTEMS

A rotating heat regenerator is used to recover heat from the syngas at it exits the reactor vessel of a waste or biomass gasifier. In some embodiments, three or more streams are passed through the heat exchanger. One stream is the dirty syngas, which heats the rotating material. A second stream is a cold stream that is heated as it passes through the material. A third stream is a cleaning stream, which serves to remove particulates that are collected on the rotating material as the dirty syngas passes through it. This apparatus can also be used as an auto-heat exchanger, or it can exchange heat between separate flows in the gasifier process. The apparatus can also be used to reduce the heating requirement for the thermal residence chamber (TRC) used downstream from the gasification system. 1. A rotating heat regenerator , located downstream from a gasifier , where syngas produced by said gasifier is passed through a first portion of the cross sectional area of said rotating heat regenerator , and where particulates and condensables in said raw syngas are deposited on said regenerator.2. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 1 , wherein clean syngas is passed through a second portion of said cross sectional area while said raw syngas is passing through said regenerator.3. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 2 , wherein said clean syngas is cooler than said raw syngas.4. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 2 , wherein said clean syngas is hotter than said raw syngas.5. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 1 , wherein said regenerator comprises a honeycomb structure.6. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 1 , wherein said regenerator comprises the material used in a diesel particulate filter.7. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 2 , wherein said clean syngas is above atmospheric pressure.8. The rotating heat regenerator of claim 1 , wherein said raw syngas heats said heat regenerator and said heat is used to heat a gas or fluid used to drive a turbine.9. ...

PLANT FOR WASTE DISPOSAL AND ASSOCIATED METHOD

A plant for the disposal of wastes includes a supercritical water oxidation reactor, a supercritical water gasification reactor, and a feeding system configured for feeding at least two organic currents of wastes to the supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor and configured for feeding at least one aqueous flow within said plant. The feeding system is configured for feeding the at least one aqueous current with a series flow through the supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor. The feeding system is configured for feeding the at least two organic currents of wastes with a parallel flow through the supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor and so as to selectively feed each of the organic currents of wastes to the supercritical water oxidation reactor or to the supercritical water gasification reactor. 1. A plant for the disposal of wastes including:a supercritical water oxidation reactor,a supercritical water gasification reactor,a feeding system configured for feeding at least two organic currents of wastes to said supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor and configured for feeding at least one aqueous current within said plant,wherein said feeding system is configured for feeding said at least one aqueous current with a series flow through said supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor andwherein said feeding system is furthermore configured for feeding said at least two organic currents of wastes with a parallel flow through said supercritical water oxidation reactor and supercritical water gasification reactor and so as to selectively feed each of said organic currents of wastes to said supercritical water oxidation reactor or to said supercritical water gasification reactor.2. The plant according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one aqueous current ...

PROCESS AND A REACTION APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WET BIOMASS

A process for the gasification of wet biomass. The process comprises heating wet biomass at a pressure in the range of from 22.1 MPa to 35 MPa. The wet biomass is heated from a temperature of at most Tto a temperature of at least Tby heat exchange with a first heating fluid. The gasification product is further heated. The further heated gasification product is used as the first heating fluid, upon which the further heated gasification product is cooled down from a temperature of at least Tto a temperature of at most T. The temperatures T, T, Tand Tcan be calculated by using certain mathematical formulae. Also claimed: a reaction apparatus for the gasification of wet biomass. 2. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wet biomass is selected from fermentation residues claim 1 , sewage sludge claim 1 , dredging sludge claim 1 , algae claim 1 , animal manures claim 1 , and mixtures thereof claim 1 , and comprises at least 40% w of water claim 1 , relative to the total weight of the wet biomass.5. A process as claimed in the process comprises heating the wet biomass effecting an increase in temperature of at least 10° C.6. A process as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the process comprises heating the wet biomass effecting an increase in temperature in the range of from 20° C. to 450° C. claim 5 , in particular in the range of from 30° C. to 400° C.7. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the process comprises cooling down the further heated gasification product effecting a decrease in temperature of at least 10° C.8. A process as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the process comprises cooling down the further heated gasification product effecting a decrease in temperature in the range of from 20° C. to 450° C. claim 7 , in particular in the range of from 30° C. to 400° C.9. A process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange comprises heat exchange between a flow of the wet biomass and a flow of the further heated fluid gasification product which is counter- ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING AN INTEGRATED REACTOR

A system and method for providing an integrated indirectly fired reactor and steam generator are disclosed. According to one embodiment, the reactor comprises an indirect heating zone heating water and generating steam, a mixing zone mixing feedstock and the steam and providing a mixture of the feedstock and the steam, and a reaction zone comprising a first reactor and a second reactor. The first reactor converts the mixture to a first syngas at a first temperature. The second reactor converts the first syngas to a second syngas at a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature. 1. A method for providing oxygen-free gasification in a reactor , comprising:combusting syngas with air in an indirect heating zone to generate hot combustion gases, the indirect heating zone having a heat exchanger for generating steam by using the hot combustion gases;heating a reaction zone by using the hot combustion gases for heating a reaction zone;mixing feedstock and the steam in a mixing zone, wherein the feedstock comprises organic waste;providing, by the mixing zone, a mixture of the feedstock and the steam; andperforming oxygen-free gasification in the reaction zone, wherein oxygen-free gasification comprisesconverting, in a first reactor, the mixture to a first syngas at a first temperature; andconverting, in a second reactor, the first syngas to a second syngas at a second temperature, the second temperature being higher than the first temperature,wherein the hot combustion gases remain separated from the steam, the feedstock, the mixture, the first syngas, and the second syngas.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing the feedstock with CO.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising mixing the feedstock with the steam in the mixing zone in a cross-flow pattern.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing the steam in the form of jets and creating turbulence in mixing zone.5. The method of claim 1 , further ...

Char Preparation System and Gasifier for All-Steam Gasification with Carbon Capture

An ASG system for polygeneration with CC includes a devolatilizer that pyrolyzes solid fuel to produce char and gases. A burner adds exothermic heat by high-pressure sub-stoichiometric combustion, a mixing pot causes turbulent flow of the gases to heat received solid fuel, and a riser micronizes resulting friable char. A devolatilizer cyclone separates the micronized char by weight providing micronized char, steam and gases to a gasifier feed and oversized char to the mixing pot. An indirect fluid bed gasifier combustion loop includes a gasifier coupled to the gasifier feed, a steam input to provide oxygen for gasification and to facilitate sand-char separation, and an output for providing syngas. A burner provides POC to a mixing pot which provides hot sand with POC to a POC cyclone via a riser, where the POC cyclone separates sand and POC by weight and provides POC and sand for steam-carbon reaction. 1. An all-steam gasification system for polygeneration with carbon capture , the system comprising: i) a devolatilizer burner having at least one input that receives gases comprising hydrogen, oxygen and steam or gases comprising syngas, steam, and a mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide, the devolatilizer burner adding exothermic heat to the devolatilizer by high-pressure sub-stoichiometric combustion of the received gases to eliminate substantially all oxidation of char in the devolatilizer;', 'ii) a devolatilizer mixing pot having an input coupled to the output of the devolatilizer burner and a solid fuel input that receives solid fuel, the devolatilizer mixing pot configured to cause a turbulent flow of hot gases provided by the devolatilizer burner to heat the received solid fuel and to generate friable char, pyrolysis gas, and steam at an output;', 'iii) a riser having an input that is coupled to the output of the devolatilizer mixing pot, the riser micronizing the friable char and providing the micronized char with volatiles and steam to an output;', 'iv) a ...

MATERIAL PROCESSING

According to this invention there is provided a method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass, industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sludge, the method comprising: attaching a material container cartridge containing material to be processed to a processing chamber; heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber to produce gas; channeling the gas from the processing chamber to a treatment chamber in which they are heated to destroy any VOC's therein; recirculating gas from the treatment chamber back into the processing chamber; and in a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the gas recirculating from the treatment chamber to the processing chamber by passing it through a second material container cartridge containing material to be processed. 1. A method of processing material such as organically coated waste and organic materials including biomass , industrial waste , municipal solid waste and sludge , the method comprising:attaching a material container cartridge containing material to be processed to a processing chamber;heating the material in a reduced oxygen atmosphere in the processing chamber to produce gas;channelling the gas from the processing chamber to a treatment chamber in which they are heated to destroy any VOC's therein;recirculating gas from the treatment chamber back into the processing chamber; andin a first mode of operation modifying the moisture content of the gas recirculating from the treatment chamber to the processing chamber by passing it through a second material container cartridge containing material to be processed.2100. The method according to wherein the material in the second material container cartridge is at a temperature below ° C. such that moisture within the gasses condensates in the second material container cartridge thereby reducing the HO content of the gas.3. The method according to wherein the temperature of ...

Pressurized Gasification Process

A continuous waste to energy partial oxidation gasification system and process is accomplished with high pressure. 1. An energy gasification system comprising a gasifier reactor , wherein said reactor has an operating pressure of from 200 to 850 psig and an operating temperature of from 2000 to 5000° F.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the operating pressure of the reactor is from 300 to 500 psig.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the operating temperature of the reactor is from 3000 to 4000° F.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the reactor has instantaneous thermal wall imagery.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a feed processing and separation system.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a high pressure feedstock shredder.7. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a stabilizer feed balancer claim 1 , wherein the balancer is comprised of an automatic hydrocarbon slip-stream feed.8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an advanced sensor system.9. The system of claim 1 , having waste feed capacity of from 1500 to 4000 tons/day.10. The system of claim 1 , wherein said gasifier reactor is a high pressure claim 1 , flexible feed reactor.11. The system of claim 10 , wherein the reactor feed may comprise hydrocarbons claim 10 , sewage cake claim 10 , electronic waste claim 10 , hazardous materials claim 10 , and drilling fluids.12. An energy gasification system comprising:a gasifier reactor, wherein said reactor has an operating pressure of from 200 to 850 psig and an operating temperature of from 2000 to 5000° F.; anda steam reformer.13. The system of claim 12 , wherein the operating pressure of the reactor is from 300 to 500 psig.14. The system of claim 12 , wherein the operating temperature of the reactor is from 3000 to 4000° F.15. The system of claim 12 , wherein the reactor has instantaneous thermal wall imagery.16. The system of claim 12 , further comprising an automated feed and separation system.17. The system of claim 12 , further ...

Supercritical Water Gasification Process

The process described herein converts biomass directly into a combination of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. A portion of the gases are collected at pressures above the thermodynamic critical pressure for water, which is 3200 psi (pounds per square inch). Typical operating pressure at the point where the first portion of gas collected can range from 3200 psi to 6000 psi. Upon cooling, most of the COcondenses to a liquid. At this density and pressure, the COcan be injected into a deep well aquifer to sequester the carbon dioxide. The overall process is superior to carbon neutral processes, can be carbon negative, and possesses the potential to reverse atmospheric COtrends if implemented on a global scale. 1. A process for converting a biomass stream into a product stream comprising hydrogen , methane , and carbon dioxide using a supercritical water gasification reactor , the process comprising:(i) exchanging heat, using a first heat exchanger, between a feedwater stream and the product stream, wherein the feedwater stream is heated by the product stream to a first temperature;(ii) feeding the feedwater stream exiting the first heat exchanger to a heater that is configured to heat the feedwater stream from the first temperature to a second temperature;(iii) exchanging heat, using a second heat exchanger, between the product stream and the feedwater stream exiting the heater, wherein the feedwater stream is heated by the product from the second temperature to a third temperature;(iv) feeding the feedwater stream exiting the second heat exchanger to the heater, wherein the heater is configured to heat the feedwater stream from the third temperature to a fourth temperature; and(v) reacting the feedwater stream provided by the heater with the biomass stream in the supercritical water gasification reactor to produce the product stream.2. The process of wherein step (i) further includes utilizing an additional heat exchanger to exchange heat between the product stream ...

Combination of anaerobic treatment of carbonaceous material with hydrothermal gasification to maximize value added product recovery

A method for treating carbonaceous material, the method includes a) providing a carbonaceous material CM, b) subjecting the carbonaceous material CM to hydrothermal gasification in a HTG reactor, thereby producing: an inorganic solid residue, a first gaseous fraction G1 comprising CH4, CO, CO2 and H2, and a filtrate F1 containing readily biodegradable carbons such as VFAs, c) subjecting at least part of the filtrate F1 to an anaerobic treatment step in an anaerobic tank, leading to a digestate. An installation for treating carbonaceous material is also provided.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COOLING SYNGAS WITHIN A GASIFIER SYSTEM

A vessel for use in a gasification system is provided. The vessel includes a shell and a heat exchange structure positioned within the shell. The heat exchange structure defines a central cavity configured to receive and to direct a syngas to a quenching portion positioned downstream of the central cavity along a syngas path. A passageway is disposed between the shell and the heat exchange structure. A liquid seal is positioned upstream of the quenching portion, and the liquid seal is configured to block transport of at least one of the syngas between from the quenching portion into the passageway and inert gas from the passageway into the quenching portion. 1. A vessel for use within a gasification system , comprising:a shell;a heat exchange structure positioned within the shell and defining a central cavity configured to receive and to direct a syngas to a quenching portion positioned downstream of the central cavity along a syngas path;a passageway disposed between the shell and the heat exchange structure; anda liquid seal positioned upstream of the quenching portion, wherein the liquid seal is configured to block the transport of at least one of the syngas from the quenching portion into the passageway and inert gas from the passageway into the quenching portion.2. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the liquid seal comprises a first support extending from the shell and a second support extending from the heat exchange structure claim 1 , and the liquid seal is configured to hold a liquid across a gap between the first and second supports.3. The vessel of claim 2 , wherein the first support and the second support overlap along an axial axis of the vessel and along a radial axis of the vessel.4. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the liquid seal is configured to continuously overflow.5. The vessel of claim 1 , wherein the liquid seal comprises a trough configured to support a liquid claim 1 , and wherein the trough includes a drain having one or more holes configured ...

Corrosion-resisant surfaces for reactors

Provided herein are corrosion-resistant reactors that can be used for gasification, and methods of making and using the same. Some embodiments include a corrosion-resistant ceramic layer. According to some embodiments, the corrosion-resistant ceramic layer has a negative charge. At temperature above water's critical point (for example, 374CC and at 22.1 MPa I 218 atm), water can behave as an adjustable solvent and can have tunable properties depending on temperature and pressure.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING OF CARBON-CONTAINING FEED STOCK INTO GASIFICATION GAS

The invention relates to chemical technology and equipment, in particular to apparatuses of processing of solid household and industrial waste, as well as other carbon-containing feedstock into combustible gasification gas and methods for pyrolysis and downdraft gasification process. 1. A downdraft gasification method comprising the steps ofproviding a loading mechanism trunk,providing a drying zoneproviding a plasticization zoneproviding a pyrolysis zoneproviding a combustion zoneproviding a reforming zoneproviding a slag discharge zonesupplying feedstock,forcing said feedstock through said loading mechanism trunk as well as through each of said drying zone, pyrolysis zone, combustion zone, reforming zone and slag discharge zone with a loading mechanism that comprises an elongated loading mechanism trunk and a feedstock feeder,causing said feedstock being forced through said loading mechanism trunk to form a plug that substantially hermetically separates said drying zone, said plasticization zone, said pyrolysis zone, said combustion zone, said reforming zone and said slag discharge zone from the atmosphere; causing pyrolysis gases to form in said pyrolysis zone,', 'separating substantially all of said pyrolysis gases from said feedstock in said pyrolysis zone, thereby causing separation of carbon char residue;', 'and forming gasification gases;, 'causing formation and separation of steam from said feedstock in said drying zone,'}2. The method of further comprising steps ofcausing said separated pyrolysis gases and said steam to form a mixture;causing said mixture to move to said combustion zone,burning said mixture in said combustion zone,burning a portion of said carbon char residue in said combustion zone, andusing a remaining portion of said carbon char residue for reforming reactions in said reforming zone.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising a step of supplying air to said combustion zone.4. The method according to claim 2 , further ...

PULSE DETONATION SHOCKWAVE GASIFIER

Gasifiers, gasification systems, and methods for producing synthesis gas are disclosed. A gasifier can include a gasifier body. A feeder can be positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body. A pulse detonation burner can be located under or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or to operate as an entrained flow reactor. An outlet can be located at the gasifier body to allow removal of synthesis gas, residual ash, and other reaction products. 1. A pulsed detonation shockwave gasifier comprising:a gasifier body;a feeder positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body; 'under the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves downward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material as an entrained flow reactor; and', 'a pulse detonation burner located eitheran outlet connected to the gasifier body.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces shockwaves at a frequency of at least 2 Hz.3. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces hot gas at a temperature from 750° C. to 3000° C.4. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner is located under the gasifier body and the gasifier body comprises a conical portion expanding upward from a lower portion of the gasifier body.5. The gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a fuel source to supply a hydrocarbon fuel to the pulse detonation burner and an oxygen-enriched air source to supply oxygen enriched air to the pulse detonation burner.6. A gasification system claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', ' ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING CORROSION IN A REACTOR SYSTEM USING FLUID ENCASEMENT

Systems and methods for reducing or eliminating corrosion of components of a reactor system, including a supercritical water gasification system, are described. The reactor system may include a reactor vessel configured to receive a reactor fluid through a reactor fluid inlet and a product source fluid corrosive to portions of the reactor system through a product source fluid inlet. The product source fluid may react with the reactor fluid to produce one or more reaction products, such as a fuel gas. The product source fluid inlet may be arranged within the reactor fluid inlet such that the product source fluid entering the reactor vessel is encased by a fluid conduit formed by the flow of reactor fluid entering the reactor vessel. The layer may operate to reduce corrosion by forming a barrier between the product source fluid and the surface of the reactor fluid inlet and/or the reactor vessel. 1. A reactor system configured to reduce corrosion of portions thereof , the system comprising:at least one reactor vessel comprising an inner surface, the at least one reactor vessel configured to receive a reactor fluid through at least one reactor fluid inlet and to receive a product source fluid corrosive to at least a portion of the inner surface through at least one product source fluid inlet; andat least one product outlet configured to provide a discharge path for the reactor fluid and reaction product substances generated by a reaction of the product source fluid with the reactor fluid within the at least one reactor vessel,wherein the at least one product source fluid inlet is arranged within at least a portion of the at least one reactor fluid inlet such that a flow of the product source fluid within the at least one reactor vessel is substantially surrounded by a flow of the reactor fluid, the reactor fluid thereby operating to reduce corrosion by forming a barrier between the product source fluid and the at least a portion of the inner surface, andwherein the at ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INTRODUCING OXYGEN INTO A PRESSURIZED FLUIDIZED-BED GASIFICATION PROCESS

The invention relates to an oxygen lance that has at least three mutually coaxial pipes, each of which delimits at least one annular gap. The outermost pipe is designed to conduct superheated steam and has a steam supply point, the central pipe is designed as an annular gap, and the innermost pipe is designed to conduct oxygen at a temperature of no higher than 180° C. and has an oxygen supply point. A temperature sensor is arranged within the innermost pipe, said temperature sensor extending to just in front of the opening of the innermost pipe. The innermost pipe tapers in the form of a nozzle before opening; the innermost pipe opens into the central pipe; and the opening of the central pipe protrudes farther relative to the opening of the outermost pipe. 114.-. (canceled)15. An oxygen lance comprising:an inner pipe having, an oxygen feed inlet disposed at a proximal end thereof, a mouth disposed at a distal end thereof, and a tapered nozzle section disposed upstream of said mouth, said inner pipe being configured to permit oxygen having a maximum temperature of 180° C. to flow there through from said feed inlet to said mouth;a middle pipe coaxially disposed around an outer surface of at least said distal end of said inner pipe and defining a middle annular gap between the outer surface of said inner pipe and an inner surface of said middle pipe, said middle pipe having a mouth disposed at a distal end thereof, said middle pipe being configured to permit oxygen to flow out of said mouth of said inner pipe and into said middle pipe;an outer pipe coaxially disposed around an outer surface of at least a portion of said middle pipe and defining an outer annular gap between the outer surface of said middle pipe and an inner surface of said outer pipe, said outer pipe having a steam feed input disposed at a proximal end thereof and a mouth disposed at a distal end of said outer pipe beyond which said mouth of said middle pipe extends, said outer pipe being configured to ...

Producing Synthetic Gas

A syngas production system includes a gasification reactor and a syngas pressure vessel downstream of the gasification reactor. The syngas pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel having a body with a first portion and a second portion. The syngas pressure vessel also includes an evaporator disposed in the pressure vessel; a coil disposed in the pressure vessel; and a tongue-and-groove flange assembly. The tongue-and-groove flange assembly includes: a first flange with a raised ring extending from a face of the first flange, the first flange attached to the first portion of the body; a second flange with a groove defined in a face of the second flange. The second flange is attached to the second portion of the body. The raised ring extends from the face of the first flange and is positioned in the groove defined in the face of the second flange. 1. A syngas production system comprising:a gasification reactor; and a pressure vessel having a body with a first portion and a second portion;', 'an evaporator disposed in the pressure vessel;', 'a coil disposed in the pressure vessel; and', 'a tongue-and-groove flange assembly comprising:', 'a first flange with a raised ring extending from a face of the first flange, the first flange attached to the first portion of the body;', 'a second flange with a groove defined in a face of the second flange, the second flange attached to the second portion of the body wherein the raised ring extending from the face of the first flange is positioned in the groove defined in the face of the second flange., 'a syngas pressure vessel downstream of the gasification reactor, the syngas pressure vessel comprising2. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a fastener attached to the first flange and the second flange.3. The system according to claim 2 , wherein the fastener controls a position of the first flange relative to a position of the second flange.4. The system according to claim 1 , further comprising a sealing gasket ...

INTEGRATED GASIFIER AND SYNGAS COOLER

A system includes an integrated vessel that extends along a longitudinal axis. The integrated vessel includes a gasifier portion and a syngas cooler portion. The syngas cooler portion is disposed axially adjacent to the gasifier portion along the longitudinal axis. The integrated vessel also includes platen tubes that extend from the syngas cooler portion into the gasifier portion. The platen tubes are configured to route coolant through the integrated vessel. 1. A system , comprising: a gasifier portion;', 'a syngas cooler portion disposed axially adjacent to the gasifier portion along the longitudinal axis; and', 'a plurality of platen tubes, wherein the plurality of platen tubes extend from the syngas cooler portion into the gasifier portion and are configured to route coolant through the integrated vessel., 'an integrated vessel extending along a longitudinal axis, comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of platen tubes extend from a circumferential intake header disposed in the integrated vessel.3. The system of claim 2 , comprising a support ring assembly configured to support the intake header claim 2 , wherein the support ring assembly includes a lug that is welded to the intake header.4. The system of claim 1 , comprising a support ring assembly configured to support a gasifier throat plate of the integrated vessel.5. The system of claim 1 , comprising a radially outer portion of the integrated vessel configured to route a sealant gas through the radially outer portion claim 1 , wherein a first side of the radially outer portion comprises a plurality of membrane tubes.6. The system of claim 5 , comprising an outer wall of the integrated vessel claim 5 , wherein a second side of the radially outer portion comprises the outer wall.7. The system of claim 5 , comprising a gasifier throat claim 5 , wherein a third side of the radially outer portion comprises the gasifier throat plate.8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the gasifier portion of ...

PROCESS

A process for the manufacture of one or more useful products comprises: gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass in a gasification zone to generate a raw synthesis gas; supplying at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas to a clean-up zone to remove contaminants and provide a clean synthesis gas; supplying the clean synthesis gas to a first further reaction train to generate at least one first useful product and a tailgas; and diverting selectively on demand a portion of at least one of the carbonaceous feedstock, the clean synthesis gas, the tailgas and the light gas fraction to heat or power generation within the process, in response to external factors to control the carbon intensity of the overall process and enable GHG emission savings. 1. A process for the manufacture of one or more useful products comprising:a. gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock comprising waste materials and/or biomass in a gasification zone to generate a raw synthesis gas;b. supplying at least a portion of the raw synthesis gas to a clean-up zone to remove contaminants and provide a clean synthesis gas;c. importing natural gas and/or power into the process;d. supplying the clean synthesis gas to a first further reaction train to generate at least one first useful product and a tailgas; ande. diverting selectively on demand a portion of at least one of the carbonaceous feedstock, the clean synthesis gas, the tailgas and (if present) a light gas fraction to heat or power generation within the process to control the carbon intensity of the process.2. The process according to wherein means within the process are provided selectively on demand to divert one or more of:i. a portion of the carbonaceous feedstock to a combustor to generate energy for the production of steam for use on plant or for power generation; and/orii. a portion of the clean synthesis gas as fuel gas for use on plant and/or or for the generation of steam for use on plant and/or for power ...

ADVANCED THERMAL CHEMICAL CONVERSION PROCESS OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE

A method of processing MSW, either sorted or unsorted, which can be carried out through the use of canisters to hold the waste feedstock, and autoclaves specially designed to process the waste at suitable temperature and pressure combinations is disclosed. The final solid product is a mixture of carbon ash and non-combustible materials, such as, metals, drywall, etc., and syngas that has an enhanced BTU value, typically between about 300 to 700 BTU/ft. The remainder solid material generally amounts to approximately 5% of the original MSW volume. This material can then be sorted for metals with the balance being sent to a landfill or other recycling processes depending on its composition. 1. A method of thermally converting a solid waste feedstock into energy comprising:providing a solid waste feedstock;providing at least one holding canister;providing a sealable reactor vessel having a lower heated air chamber and configured to operate in both updraft and downdraft conditions;placing the solid waste feedstock into the holding canister;placing at least one holding canister into the sealable reactor vessel;sealing the sealable reactor vessel;purging the reactor vessel with air;igniting an oil/gas burner to begin the thermal conversion process;providing heated air from the oil/gas burner through an attachment into the lower portion of the reactor vessel through to the lower section of the holding canister;continuing addition of heated air until the gas temperature on a counter flow line of the reactor vessel reaches a desired first temperature of 250 C;increasing temperature of the solid waste feedstock and pressure in the reactor vessel both to desired second temperature range, 400 to 1000 C, and second pressure levels, 4 to 150 psi, respectively;adjusting the pressure of the reactor vessel to a desired third pressure level, 20 to 100 psi, by adjusting the injection of compressed air;injecting atomized water into the reactor vessel to initiate the water gas shift ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REDUCING CORROSION IN A REACTOR SYSTEM USING ROTATIONAL FORCE

Systems and methods for reducing or eliminating corrosion of components of a reactor system, including a supercritical water gasification system, are described. The reactor system may include various system components, such as one or more pre-heaters, heat exchangers and reactor vessels. The system components may be configured to receive a reactor fluid corrosive to an inner surface thereof and to separately receive a protective fluid that has a higher density and is substantially immiscible with the reactor fluid. A rotating element may be configured to generate a rotational force that forces at least a portion of the protective fluid to flow in a layer between the reactor fluid and at least a portion of the inner surface, the layer operating to reduce corrosion by forming a barrier between the reactor fluid and at least a portion of the inner surface. 163.-. (canceled)64. A method of reducing corrosion in a reactor system , the method comprising:providing a reactor vessel comprising an inner surface;receiving a reactor fluid at the reactor vessel corrosive to at least a portion of the inner surface;receiving a molten salt fluid at the reactor vessel, the molten salt fluid being substantially immiscible with the reactor fluid; androtating the reactor vessel at a speed such that at least a portion of the molten salt fluid forms a molten salt layer on the at least a portion of the inner surface, the molten salt layer operating to reduce corrosion by forming a barrier between the reactor fluid and the at least a portion of the inner surface.65. (canceled)66. The method of claim 64 , wherein providing the reactor vessel comprises providing a reactor vessel arranged in a substantially horizontal orientation and rotating the reactor vessel comprises rotating at a speed sufficient to generate a centripetal acceleration on at least a portion of the molten salt fluid greater than that of the acceleration of gravity on the at least a portion of the molten salt fluid entering ...

A PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC JET FUEL

There is described a process for producing a semi-synthetic jet fuel, a fully synthetic jet fuel, or a combination of both, by converting feedstock into hydrocarbons. 1. A process for producing synthetic jet fuel , comprisingconverting feedstock to synthesis gas;converting the synthesis gas into a mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons;refining the mixture comprising liquid hydrocarbons to isolate a kerosene product; andhydrotreating the kerosene product to form synthetic jet fuel.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas comprises: pyrolyzing the feedstock under aqueous conditions to form a mixture comprising biocrude.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the feedstock comprises biomass claim 2 , organic materials claim 2 , waste streams claim 2 , or a combination thereof with a high water content.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas comprises: pyrolyzing the feedstock to form a mixture comprising biocrude.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the feedstock comprises biomass claim 4 , organic materials claim 4 , waste streams claim 4 , or a combination thereof with a low water content.6. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein converting feedstock to synthesis gas further comprises:gasifying the mixture comprising biocrude to form the synthesis gas.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein gasifying the mixture comprising biocrude comprises:{'sub': 4', '2', '2, 'supercritical water gasification of the mixture comprising biocrude to form a mixture comprising CH, CO, CO, and H; and'}{'sub': 4', '2', '2, 'reforming the mixture comprising CH, CO, CO, and Hto form the synthesis gas.'}8. The process of claim 7 , wherein reforming comprises dry reformation and steam reformation.9. The process of any one of to claim 7 , wherein when converting feedstock to synthesis gas claim 7 , the process further comprises:adding an oil feedstock, a sugar feedstock, and/or an alcohol feedstock to the mixture comprising ...

Gasification process and feed system

A process for the gasification of a solid carbonaceous feed, the process comprising the steps of: introducing a batch of the solid carbonaceous feed into a sluice vessel, while an internal pressure in the sluice vessel is at a first pressure; introducing at least recycled CO2 into the sluice vessel via one or more gas inlets covered by the solid carbonaceous feed, to pressurize the sluice vessel from the first pressure to a second pressure exceeding the first pressure, during a predetermined time period; closing the one or more gas inlets; opening a feed outlet of the sluice vessel to supply the batch of the solid carbonaceous feed to a feed vessel for feeding the solid carbonaceous feed to a gasification reactor; closing the feed outlet; venting the sluice vessel to reduce the internal pressure to the first pressure; and repeating the process.

Heat and Energy Integrated Continuous Process for Plastic Waste Recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND PROCESS

A gasification system for the oxidation of a carbonaceous feedstock to provide a synthesis gas comprising: a reactor chamber for oxidizing the carbonaceous feedstock; a quench section for holding a bath of liquid coolant; an intermediate section having a reactor outlet opening through which the synthesis gas is conducted from the reactor chamber into the bath of the quench section; at least one layer of refractory bricks arranged on the reactor chamber floor, the lower end section of the refractory brick enclosing the reactor outlet opening and defining the inner diameter thereof; the intermediate section including a number of halved tubes for liquid coolant arranged onto at least part of the reactor chamber floor on a side thereof opposite to the lower end section of the refractory bricks; and a pump system for circulating the liquid coolant through the halved tubes on the reactor chamber floor. 1. A gasification system for the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feedstock to at least provide a synthesis gas , the system comprising:a reactor chamber for receiving and partially oxidizing the carbonaceous feedstock;a quench section below the reactor chamber for holding a bath of liquid coolant; and a reactor chamber floor provided with a reactor outlet opening through which the reactor chamber communicates with the quench section to conduct the synthesis gas from the reactor chamber into the bath of the quench section;', 'at least one layer of refractory bricks arranged on and supported by the reactor chamber floor, the refractory bricks enclosing the reactor outlet opening;', 'at least one cooling conduit arranged on an outer surface of the reactor chamber floor; and', 'a pump system communicating with a source of a liquid coolant for circulating the liquid coolant through the at least one cooling conduit., 'an intermediate section connecting the reactor chamber to the quench section, the intermediate section comprising2. The gasification system of claim 1 , the at ...

GASIFICATION SYSTEM AND PROCESS

A gasification system for the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feedstock to at least provide a synthesis gas, comprising: a reactor chamber for receiving and partially oxidizing the carbonaceous feedstock, the reactor chamber having a reactor chamber floor; a quench chamber below the floor of the reactor chamber for holding a bath of liquid coolant; an intermediate section at said reactor chamber floor, the intermediate section having a reactor outlet opening through which the reactor chamber communicates with the quench chamber to conduct the synthesis gas from the reactor chamber into the bath of the quench chamber; at least one layer of refractory bricks arranged on and supported by the reactor chamber floor, the lower end section of the refractory bricks enclosing the reactor outlet opening and defining the inner diameter thereof; and a dip tube extending from the reactor outlet opening to the bath of the quench chamber, the dip tube having a widened top section. 1. A gasification system for the partial oxidation of a carbonaceous feedstock to at least provide a synthesis gas , the system comprising:a reactor chamber for receiving and partially oxidizing the carbonaceous feedstock;a quench section below the reactor chamber for holding a bath of liquid coolant; andan intermediate section connecting the reactor chamber to the quench section, the intermediate section comprising:a reactor chamber floor provided with a reactor outlet opening through which the reactor chamber communicates with the quench section to conduct the synthesis gas from the reactor chamber into the bath of the quench section;at least one layer of refractory bricks arranged on and supported by the reactor chamber floor, the refractory bricks enclosing the reactor out let opening;the system further comprising a dip tube extending from the reactor outlet opening to the bath of the quench chamber, the dip tube having a widened top section.2. The gasification system of claim 1 , the widened top ...

PULSE DETONATION SHOCKWAVE GASIFIER

Gasifiers, gasification systems, and methods for producing synthesis gas are disclosed. A gasifier can include a gasifier body. A feeder can be positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body. A pulse detonation burner can be located under or above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or to operate as an entrained flow reactor. An outlet can be located at the gasifier body to allow removal of synthesis gas, residual ash, and other reaction products. 1. A pulsed detonation shockwave gasifier comprising:a gasifier body;a feeder positioned to feed an organic material into the gasifier body; under the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves upward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material and to form a jet spouted bed of the organic material or', 'above the gasifier body and connected to the gasifier body to direct supersonic shockwaves downward into the gasifier body to heat the organic material as an entrained flow reactor;, 'a pulse detonation burner located eitheran outlet connected to the gasifier body.2. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces shockwaves at a frequency of at least 2 Hz.3. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner produces hot gas at a temperature from 750° C. to 1550° C.4. The gasifier of claim 1 , wherein the pulse detonation burner is located under the gasifier body and the gasifier body comprises a conical portion expanding upward from a lower portion of the gasifier body.5. The gasifier of claim 1 , further comprising a fuel source to supply a hydrocarbon fuel to the pulse detonation burner and an oxygen-enriched air source to supply oxygen enriched air to the pulse detonation burner.6. A gasification system claim 1 , comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', ' ...

Coal gasification process with improved procedures for continuously feeding lump coal under pressure

A gasification process in which gasification of lump size gas producing material, such as coal, is carried out under high pressure on a fixed-bed principle with a continuous feed of coal particles thereto, the continuous feed being accomplished by feeding coal of an appropriate particle size range into a volume of liquid within a first confinement path through a free surface thereof exposed to atmospheric conditions, collecting successive incremental volumes of particles and entrained liquid and transferring them into a liquid within a second circuitous confinement path maintained under pressure by virtue of the exposure of the free surface of a volume thereof with the gasification pressure conditions, conveying the particles of the incremental volumes communicated with the second path through a pumping action upstream of the particle communication therewith, collecting the particles in the volume and moving them upwardly through the free surface thereof into the gasification zone.

Gasification process using group ii-a metal treated coal

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A novel process, and the compositions formed thereby, wherein a Group II-A metal, or compound thereof, can be ion-exchanged onto coal, and thereafter a Group I metal physically admixed or other wise incorporated therewith, so that the composition can be pyrolyzed, and gasified, to form a high-BTU, intermediate-BTU or synthesis fuel gas. Suitably, the Group II metal, or alkaline earth metal, can be directly ion-exchanged onto a low rank coal, without necessity of any pretreatment. An alkaline earth metal, or metals, can also be ion-exchanged onto a high rank coal, notably one deficient in natural active exchange sites, such as a subbituminous or bituminous coal, by (a) contacting, heating and soaking the coal in an alkali solution of a Group I-A metal compound or an admixture of metal compounds of Group II-A metals sufficient to incorporate said Group I-A metal compound, or cation portion thereof, into said coal and form ion-exchange sites,. (b) or by ox-idation of the high rank coal by contact with an oxidizing agent, prefer-ably an oxygen-containing gas (air), peroxygen compound, oxiding acid or the like, to form ion-exchange sites, ion-exchanging a Group II metal onto the active sites thus created, and thereafter admixing or otherwise incor-porating the Group I metal to form the desired composition.

Method for producing synthesis gas or a hydrocarbon product

Synthesis gas is produced from a carbonaceous fuel, using a process in a gasification reactor. The carbonaceous fuel and an oxygen containing stream are supplied to a burner of a gasification reactor, wherein a CO 2 -containing transport gas is used to transport the solid carbonaceous fuel to the burner. The weight ratio of CO 2 to the carbonaceous fuel is less than 0.5 on a dry basis. The carbonaceous fuel is partially oxidized in the gasification reactor, whereby a gaseous stream of synthesis gas is obtained. This synthesis gas can be further processed in a downstream process path to convert it into a hydrocarbon product. The downstream process path may contain a methanol-synthesis reactor to produce the hydrocarbon product in the form of methanol. The downstream process path may contain a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor to produce one or more from a range of hydrocarbon products.

Biomass high efficiency hydrothermal reformer

A method of producing synthesis gas by mixing a carbonaceous feed comprising at least one carbonaceous material with superheated steam to produce a reformer feedstock and reforming the reformer feedstock to produce a first synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide by introducing the reformer feedstock into a plurality of coiled tubes within a reformer at a reformer temperature and a reformer pressure at which at least a portion of the reformer feedstock is converted to synthesis gas.

Method and device for gasifying lumpy fuels with pre-carbonization and cracking of the carbonization gases in the gas generator

Patent CH676603A5

Control of bed height in a fluidized bed gasification system

In a fluidized bed apparatus a method for controlling the height of the fdized bed, taking into account variations in the density of the bed. The method comprises taking simultaneous differential pressure measurements at different vertical elevations within the vessel, averaging the differential pressures, determining an average fluidized bed density, then periodically calculating a weighting factor. The weighting factor is used in the determination of the actual bed height which is used in controlling the fluidizing means.

Control of bed height in a fluidized bed gasification system

A method for controlling the height of the fluidized bed wherein variations in the density of the bed are taken into account by taking simultaneous differential pressure measurements at different vertical elevations within the vessel, averaging the differential pressures, determining an average fluidized bed density, then periodically calculating a weighting factor. The weighting factor is used in the determination of the actual bed height which is used in controlling the fluidizing means.

Control of bed height in a fluidized bed gasification system

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a fluidized bed apparatus a method for con-trolling the height of the fluidized bed, taking into account variations in the density of the bed. The method comprises taking simultaneous differential pressure measurements at different vertical elevations within the vessel, averaging the differential pressures, determining an average fluidized bed density, then periodically calcu-lating a weighting factor. The weighting factor is used in the determination of the actual bed height which is used in controlling the fluidizing means.

DEVICE FOR TRANSFERRING A FINE PARTICULATED SOLID MATERIAL FROM A ROOM WITH SUBSTANTIALLY NORMAL PRESSURE INTO A ROOM WITH INCREASED PRESSURE

Means and apparatus for throttling a dry pulverized solid material pump

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Apparatus is shown for controlling the feed rate of the material from a rotating feed device into a pressurized container. This apparatus has utility in varying the rate of feed rate of the material. The apparatus includes a rotor hub connected to a drive means and a material supply means. Means for controlling the gas pressure at the entrance to the control orifice is included. The control means is connected to a pressure regulator and control system.

Verfahren zum UEberfuehren eines feinzerteilten festen Brennstoffes aus einem Raum gewoehnlichen Druckes in einen unter erhoehtem Druck stehenden Raum

Gasification device and its application

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: gasification device includes gasification reactor 43 and tank 44 for synthetic gas cooling. Gasification reactor 43 contains high pressure shell, slag bath located in lower part of high pressure shell, gasifier wall located inside gas pressure shell limiting gasification chamber 47. Upper end of gasifier wall is connected with pipeline 51to tank 44, which contains inlet for hot synthetic gas, outlet 49 for cooled synthetic gas, and facilities 46 for liquid water contact with hot synthetic gas. Resulting gas mixture is cooled down in connective pipeline to the temperature in the range from 500 to 900C due to injection of liquid cooling medium and then in tank to the temperature below 500C in contact with water. Said cooling in connective pipe and/or tank for synthetic gas cooling is performed by injection of water droplets mist into gas flow. ^ EFFECT: invention provides for use of the raw material with high alkaline content. ^ 14 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 441 900 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/48 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2008147138/05, 27.04.2007 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.04.2007 C 2 C 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2004005438 A1, 15.01.2004. DE 10004138 A1, 09.08.2001. SU 917700 A1, 30.03.1982. US 4859213 A, 22.08.1989. SU 1745990 A1, 07.07.1992. SU 725570 A3, 30.03.1980. RU 2233312 C1, 27.07.2004. DE 3809313 A1, 05.10.1989. US 4973337 A, 27.11.1990. EP 0926441 A1, 30.06.1999. WO 9317759 A1, 16.09.1993. R U 2 4 4 1 9 0 0 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 01.12.2008 (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2007/053869 (27.04.2007) (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2007/125046 (08.11.2007) Адрес для переписки: 103735, Москва, ул. Ильинка, 5/2, ООО "Союзпатент", пат.пов. Ю.В.Пинчуку, рег.№ 656 (54) УСТРОЙСТВО ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ И ЕГО ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ (57) Реферат: Данные изобретения ...

Fluidized bed apparatus

A fluidized bed apparatus having an outer vessel provided at a lower region with a plenum chamber as well as a grid situated directly above the plenum chamber and carrying a plurality of nozzles through which gas flows from the plenum chamber into the space in the vessel above the grid. These nozzles provide a given pressure drop in the gas flowing therethrough while as the gas flows from the plenum chamber through each nozzle there is also provided by way of a suitable structure a preliminary pressure drop, so that a two-stage pressure drop is provided in the gas flowing through each nozzle from the plenum chamber into the vessel above the grid. In this way it is possible to achieve a flow of gas above the grid sufficient to maintain the particles suspended in the fluidized bed while attrition of the particles is maintained at a minimum so that very little if any fines flow out of the vessel with gas which is formed therein. According to this method, the particles are petroleum coke particles while the gas is a mixture of steam and air maintained in the plenum chamber at a pressure of only 1-5 psig above the pressure in the bed while at the region of the interior of the vessel above the grid the temperature is on the order of 1500°-1800° F. The grid supporting the nozzles is sloped 3° to 5° downwards towards a center well and supporting member to allow solid agglomerations such as lumps of coke and slag to move radially inward into the well for withdrawal.

Coal gasification process with procedure for continuously discharging ash particles and apparatus therefor

1495831 Removing ash from gasifiers KAMYR Inc 12 Feb 1975 [15 Feb 1974] 5958/75 Heading F4B A process for separating ash from pressurized synthetic gasifiers includes the steps of (i) confining the liquid within a first path 16 wherein the liquid is at a high pressure, by having a surface 12 communicating with the gas pressure at the ash particle discharge end of the gasifier 14, (ii) discharging ash particles into the high pressure liquid through the surface 12, (iii) maintaining a continuous flow of the liquid along a second path 18, at a pressure lower than that of the liquid in the first path, and (iv) continuously moving batches of liquid and entrained ash particles from the first path and adding the batches to a second path. The only liquid specified is water. Preferably the batchwise transfer of ash particles and water is performed using a cylindrical sluicing device 26 which includes a rotating wheel containing four diametric channels 74 arranged in two crossing pairs, each pair offset by 45 degrees from the other. Each channel may be rotated to communicate with an inlet 78 of a liner 76, the inlet being in permanent communication, through a hole in a housing 60, with the first, high pressure path 16, thereby filling the channel with ash and water. On rotation through 90 degrees (dashed lines in Fig. 1) the channel then communicates with the inlet 80 from the low pressure path 18 and water flow caused by pump 20 caused discharge of ash and water through sluicing device outlet 84 and then pipe 34. A temperature responsive valve 52 allows cold water to flow into the gasifier to prevent boiling of water in the gasifier and a throttle valve 56 bleeds water and ash from the high pressure path through channel 74 in response to increase in the level of the surface 12 to compensate for cold water input. A sieve 92 in an outlet 82 of the liner 76 allows flow to the throttle valve 56 but retains larger ash particles in the channel 74. Ash and water from valve 54 and ...

Coal feed lock

A coal feed lock is provided for dispensing coal to a high pressure gas producer with nominal loss of high pressure gas. The coal feed lock comprises a rotor member with a diametral bore therethrough. A hydraulically activated piston is slidably mounted in the bore. With the feed lock in a charging position, coal is delivered to the bore and then the rotor member is rotated to a discharging position so as to communicate with the gas producer. The piston pushes the coal into the gas producer. The rotor member is then rotated to the charging position to receive the next load of coal.

FEEDING DEVICE FOR A REACTOR FOR PRESSURE GASIFICATION OF COAL

Foerfaringssaett och apparat foer framstaellning av gas ur gasalstrande material

Feeder for coal-gasification reactor

A device for feeding granular and dust coal to a coal-gasifying reactor which operates under a pressure of 5 to 150 bars. A stationary housing is connected to the coal inlet of the reactor and a lock chamber member is rotatedly mounted therein. The lock chamber member is movable between coal-receiving position and a coal-discharging position. The lock chamber member has at least one chamber which is open only at one end and contains a displacing device which extends approximately to the entrance of the chamber. The displacing device substantially prevents an ingress of product gas into the chamber when in the discharge position.

Pump system with screw conveyor and pumping method

Pumpensystem (20; 120) aufweisend: eine Pumpe (22; 122) aufweisend einen ersten Riemen (24; 124) und einen zweiten Riemen (26; 126), die voneinander beabstandet sind, um im Wesentlichen gerade Seiten (24a, 26a; 124a, 126a) eines Durchgangs (28; 128) dazwischen zu bilden, mit einer Durchgangslänge, die sich zwischen einem Einlass (32; 132) an einem Ende des Durchgangs (28; 128) und einem Auslass (34; 134) an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende des Durchgangs (28; 128) erstreckt, wobei der Durchgang (28; 128) ein Spaltmaß (54) in einer Breitenrichtung zwischen den geraden Seiten (24a, 26a; 124a, 126a) an dem Durchgangseinlass definiert; einen Trichter (36), der einen Innenraum (38) aufweist, der an einer Mündung (40) zu dem Einlass (32; 132) endet; gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine Schnecke (42) in dem Innenraum (38) des Trichters (36), wobei die wenigstens eine Schnecke (42) einen Schneckendurchmesser (52) in der Breitenrichtung aufweist, der kleiner oder gleich dem Spaltmaß (54) ist; und wobei die Schnecke (42) derart ausgelegt ist, dass partikelförmiges Material ohne übermäßige Druckbeaufschlagung und/oder Kavitation zu der Pumpe (22; 122) gelangt. A pump (22; 122) comprising a first belt (24; 124) and a second belt (26; 126) spaced from each other to define substantially straight sides (24a, 26a; 124a , 126a) of a passageway (28; 128) therebetween, having a passageway length extending between an inlet (32; 132) at one end of the passage (28; 128) and an outlet (34; 134) at an opposite end the passage (28; 128) defining a gap (54) in a width direction between the straight sides (24a, 26a; 124a, 126a) at the passage inlet; a hopper (36) having an interior (38) terminating at an orifice (40) to the inlet (32; 132); characterized by at least one screw (42) in the interior (38) of the hopper (36), the at least one screw (42) having a screw diameter (52) in the width direction that is less than or equal to the gap dimension (54); and wherein the screw (42) is configured ...

Device for gasification pf carbon-containing fuel, treatment residue and waste (variants)

FIELD: fuels. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to device for gasification of carbon-containing and ash fuels, residues of their treatment and waste in the presence of oxygen-containing oxidizing agent at temperatures exceeding melting point of inorganic components. Device is made as reaction chamber of flow-type reactor under pressure from normal to 80 bars but preferably from normal to 30 bars. Reaction chamber is limited by cooling reactor wall that has jacket able to sense for pressure, cooling wall, water-cooling gap between jacket and cooling wall, ceramic protective cover of cooling wall and slag layer which are arranged in-line by direction externally/inside. Pressure and temperature of cooling water in cooing gap values are regulated so to provide temperature of cooling water lower or above its boiling point and pressure in cooling gap would exceed pressure value into gasification chamber. Invention describes also the device for gasification of carbon-containing ash-free fuels, residues of their treatment and waste in the presence of oxygen-containing oxidizing agent at temperatures above 850 C in reaction chamber made as flow-type reactor under pressure from normal to 80 bars but preferably from normal to 30 bars. Reaction chamber is limited by cooling wall of reactor that has jacket able to sense for pressure, cooling wall, water-cooling gap between jacket and cooling wall, ceramic protective cover of cooling wall and refractory lining which are arranged by direction externally/inside. The gap between jacket and cooling wall filled with water under pressure is made by so manner to make in it working conditions providing temperature of cooling water would lower or above its melting point. Pressure in cooling gap is maintained on the level exceeding pressure in gasification chamber. The use of invention ensures to develop simple and safety device that ensures to process fuels and waste with ash content modulating in the most wide limits. EFFECT: valuable ...

涉及煤到液体方法的改进

从固体碳质燃料(8)制备烃产品的方法，该方法至少包括如下步骤：(a)将固体碳质燃料(8)和含氧物流(9)提供到气化反应器(10)的燃烧器，其中含CO 2 的输送气体(30，32)用于输送所述固体碳质燃料(8)到所述燃烧器，其中步骤(a)中CO 2 与碳质燃料的重量比以干基计小于0.5；(b)在所述气化反应器中部分氧化所述碳质燃料，从而获得至少包含CO、CO 2 和H 2 的气体物流(11)；(c)从所述气化反应器除去步骤(b)中获得的所述气体物流；(d)任选地变换转化(16)至少一部分在步骤(c)中获得的气体物流，从而获得贫含CO的物流；(e)将步骤(c)的气体物流和/或任选的步骤(d)的贫含CO的物流进行费-托反应以获得烃产品(24)。

Method and apparatus for removing slag produced in gasifying solid carbonaceous fuel

Apparatus for supercritical water gasification

The present disclosure provides a supercritical fluid gasification system. In some embodiments, the system includes a reactor having a reactor shell including sidewalls that extend between a top reactor cover and a bottom reactor cover, where the sidewalls, the top cover, and the bottom cover enclosing a reactor shell channel. In some embodiments, the reactor includes a thermal shield positioned within the reactor shell channel, the thermal shield having sidewalls that extend between a top thermal shield cover and a bottom thermal shield cover, where the sidewalls, the top thermal shield cover, and the bottom thermal shield cover enclosing a thermal shield channel. In some embodiments, the reactor includes a fluid feed supply conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel, a supercritical fluid conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel, and a product conduit in fluid communication with the thermal shield channel.

Apparatus for cleaning hot gases from solid and melting particles

An improvement in a radiation boiler for cooling a gas stream containing solid and molten particles wherein gas is introduced vertically via a gas feed at the top of a radiation boiler having a cooled gas outlet and a water bath disposed at the bottom thereof for removing the particles after they have been solidified and cooled. Between the gas feed and the water bath are disposed at least two concentrically arranged cylindrical tubular heat exchange elements vertically disposed in the boiler and forming at least one annular passage therebetween. The passage through the innermost heat exchange element is in fluid flow registry and fluid flow communication with the gas feed. A conical deflector has the axis thereof coincident with that of the innermost heat exchange element and thereby in registry with the flow of gas passing through the passage through the innermost heat exchange element and is disposed toward the bottom of the radiation boiler above the water bath but at least partially below the lower end of the innermost heat exchange element, whereby gas which strikes the conical surface of the conical deflector is deflected and passes through the at least one annular passage and in the passage of the innermost heat exchange element.

Process and apparatus for producing hot gases from coal

A pressure container forms a shaft gasifier for receiving coarse coal in the form of a coal bed. A burner extends through the pressure container into a chamber therein and produces at least one primary gas jet directed against the coal bed, thereby gasifying the coal and generating a product gas and forming liquid slag. The liquid slag collects in a slag bath tank having an overflow weir over which the collected slag flows and falls freely toward a cooling water bath beneath the chamber. A water jet nozzle directs at least one water jet against the liquid slag as it falls freely between the weir and the cooling water bath. This atomizes the liquid slag, thereby cooling the slag and generating steam. At least a part of the steam is supplied as process steam to the coarse coal.

Process for cooling OBM injectors in coal gasification plants

In the process for cooling OBM injectors in coal gasification plants, a carbonaceous fuel and/or oxygen, shielded by a cooling protective medium, is introduced into a bath of molten iron. The protective medium used is a sewage sludge.

Syngas cooler and method of its assemblage

FIELD: heating. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to syngas cooler and to method of its assemblage. The described syngas cooler is intended for use in gasification system, containing top part (216) with pipeline nozzles (314). The syngas cooler also contains a ring casing (202) comprising pipelines (308, 309), that are made with possibility of connection with the pipeline nozzles (314). The syngas cooler also contains quick cooling part intended to remove the solids captured by the syngas flow passing through the syngas cooler. The top part (214) and casing (202) are made with possibility to connect by means of the girth weld. Besides the gasification system and method of the syngas cooler assemblage are described. EFFECT: possibility to assemble the syngas cooler elements using lesser number of the connecting elements in comparison with the known coolers. 20 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C10J 3/74 F02C 7/14 C10J 3/20 F28D 7/00 (13) 2 551 908 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2010139442/06, 27.09.2010 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.09.2010 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЧЕН Лиен-Ян (US), СТОРИ Джеймс Майкл (US), АББАССИ Ясир Г. (US), ДОДАН Джордж (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2012 Бюл. № 10 R U (73) Патентообладатель(и): Дженерал Электрик Компани (US) 28.09.2009 US 12/568,275 (45) Опубликовано: 10.06.2015 Бюл. № 16 2009020721 A2, 12.02.2009. US 2009202403 A1, 13.08.2009. US 5233943 A, 10.08.1993. RU 74915 U1, 20.07.2008 2 5 5 1 9 0 8 R U (54) ОХЛАДИТЕЛЬ СИНТЕЗ-ГАЗА И СПОСОБ ЕГО СБОРКИ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к охладителю синтеззахваченных потоком синтез-газа, проходящим газа и способу его сборки. Описан охладитель через охладитель синтез-газа. Верхняя часть (214) синтез-газа, предназначенный для использования и корпус (202) выполнены с возможностью в системе ...

Patent JPS5811474B2

Gasification system and gasification method

적어도 합성 가스를 제공하기 위한 탄소질 공급 원료의 부분 산화용 가스화 시스템은, 리액터 챔버 바닥을 갖고, 탄소질 공급 원료를 수용하고 부분 산화하는 리액터 챔버; 액체 냉각제 배스(bath)를 유지하기 위한, 리액터 챔버 바닥 아래의 급냉(quench) 챔버; 상기 리액터 챔버 바닥에 있는 중간 섹션으로서, 합성 가스를 리액터 챔버로부터 급냉 챔버 배스로 이송하기 위해 리액터 챔버와 급냉 챔버를 소통시키는 리액터 유출 개구를 갖는 중간 섹션; 리액터 챔버 바닥에 배치되고 리액터 챔버 바닥에 의해 지지되는 적어도 하나의 내화 벽돌층으로서, 내화 벽돌의 하부 단부는 리액터 유출 개구를 에워싸고 리액터 유출 개구의 내경을 획정하는 것인 적어도 하나의 내화 벽돌층; 및 리액터 유출 개구로부터 급냉 챔버의 배스로 연장되는 침적관(dip tube)을 더 포함하고, 침적관은 확장형 상부 섹션을 갖는다.

Method of discharging residues from a pressurized gasification chamber

A method of discharging residues resulting from gasification of fuel in a chamber filled in a lower portion thereof with water and having a gas cushion at high pressure above the water level, in which the residues accumulating in the chamber are discharged through a sluicing container connected to the lower end of the chamber and conveyor means connected to the sluicing chamber.

Production of methanol

A continuous process for producing methanol including the steps of producing synthesis gas i.e. H2 + CO by the partial oxidation of a hydrocarbonaceous feed in a free-flow non-catalytic synthesis gas generator, adjusting the mole ratio (H2/CO) of the process gas stream to a value in the range of about greater than 2 to 12 by noncatalytic thermal direct water-gas shift, cooling the process gas stream by indirect heat exchange with water to produce steam for use in the process, purifying the gas stream preferably with a portion of the methanol product, catalytically reacting the purified synthesis gas stream under methanol producing conditions, and separating methanol from liquid impurities. All steps are preferably carried out at a pressure which is substantially that in the synthesis gas generator less ordinary line drop. Optionally, a portion of the liquid impurities e.g. dimethylether, water, and mixed alcohols, are introduced into the synthesis gas generator to reduce the specific consumption of free-oxygen gas and to increase the yield of synthesis gas.

Patent DE3430219C2

CONTAINING CONTAINER MATERIAL AV RELATIVT FINFOERDELAT MATERIAL

METHOD FOR PNEUMATICALLY CONVEYING FINE GRAIN FUEL TO A CARBURETOR

Combination hydroconversion, fluid coking and gasification

A combination slurry hydroconversion, coking and coke gasification process is provided wherein solid fines having an average particle size of less than 10 microns in diameter or the ashes thereof recovered from a gaseous product derived from the coke gasification are used as a catalyst in the hydroconversion stage.

Combination hydroconversion, fluid coking and gasification

A combination slurry hydroconversion, coking and coke gasification process is provided wherein solid fines having an average particle size of less than 10 microns in diameter or the ashes thereof recovered from a gaseous product derived from the coke gasification are used as a catalyst in the hydroconversion stage in combination with a catalyst produced from an oil soluble metal compound in situ in the chargestock of the hydroconversion zone.

Heat and energy integrated continuous process for plastic waste recovery

Improvements relate to a heat and energy integrated method and apparatus for plastic waste recovery having supercritical liquefaction. A volume of plastic waste is processed to produce a plastic waste stream. A reaction unit is utilized for adsorbing the plastic with a solvent having at least water, plus heating and pressurizing the plastic waste stream with the solvent into a supercritical extraction state for converting the plastic waste stream into a mixture fluid stream of a supercritical nature within the reaction unit. The mixture fluid stream may be cycled proximate to the outlet from the reaction unit via periodically letting the pressure down, and then letting the pressure recover. A volume of inert solids are removed from the mixture fluid stream thereby creating a remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. Power is recovered from the remaining combined gases and liquids fluid stream. And, volumes of water, gas and oil are separated from the combined gases and liquids fluid stream.

Process for gasifying carbonaceous agglomerates in a fixed bed

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Vergasen kohlehaltiger Agglomerate in einem Reaktor unter einem Überdruck von vorzugsweise 5-150 bar. Die Agglomerate werden aus einem Vorratsbereich von oben aufgegeben und bilden im Reaktor ein Festbett, das sich langsam nach unten bewegt und durch das man von unten nach oben mindestens zwei der Vergasungsmittel Sauerstoff, Luft, Wasserdampf und Kohlendioxyd leitet. Feste Asche oder flüssige Schlacke werden unter dem Festbett und wasserdampfreiche Produktgase werden im Oberteil des Reaktors oberhalb des Festbettes abgezogen. Um das Kondensieren von Wasserdampf auf den Agglomeraten des Vorratsbereichs ganz oder weitgehend zu verhindern, wird erfindungsgemäß in den Vorratsbereich ein von Sauerstoff und Wasserdampf weitgehend freies Schutzgas eingeleitet und ein Druck des Schutzgases aufrechterhalten, der etwa dem Druck des Produktgases entspricht. The invention relates to a method for gasifying carbonaceous agglomerates in a reactor under an overpressure of preferably 5-150 bar. The agglomerates are fed from a storage area from above and form a fixed bed in the reactor, which moves slowly downwards and through which at least two of the gasification agents oxygen, air, water vapor and carbon dioxide are passed from bottom to top. Solid ash or liquid slag are drawn off under the fixed bed and product gases rich in steam are drawn off in the upper part of the reactor above the fixed bed. In order to completely or largely prevent condensation of water vapor on the agglomerates of the storage area, according to the invention a protective gas largely free of oxygen and water vapor is introduced into the storage area and a pressure of the protective gas is maintained which corresponds approximately to the pressure of the product gas.

Patent JPS5817519B2

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE CARBON GASIFICATION

Process for carbonaceous material conversion and recovery of alkali metal catalyst constituents held by ion exchange sites in conversion residue

In a coal gasification operation or similar conversion process carried out in the presence of an alkali metal-containing catalyst wherein solid particles containing alkali metal residues are produced, alkali metal constituents are recovered for the particles by contacting or washing them with an aqueous solution containing calcium or magnesium ions in an alkali metal recovery zone at a low temperature, preferably below about 249° F. During the washing or leaching process, the calcium or magnesium ions displace alkali metal ions held by ion exchange sites in the particles thereby liberating the ions and producing an aqueous effluent containing alkali metal constituents. The aqueous effluent from the alkali metal recovery zone is then recycled to the conversion process where the alkali metal constituents serve as at least a portion of the alkali metal constituents which comprise the alkali metal-containing catalyst.

Method for obtaining methane and/or methane hydrate from biomass

The production of methane or methane hydrates from biomass involves placing the biomass pulp under pressure and liqeufying the biomass solids during heating. The biomass is heated to a critical temperature for the mixture and the solids are separated from the fluid phase under pressure and raised temperature. The fluid phase releases methane rich gas under the high pressure and temperature conditions.

Radiation cooler for cooling gases laden with dust

Non-plugging, pressure equalized tube sheet for gasification system heat exchanger

A heat exchanger with a cooling subsystem and a pres­ sure equalizing system (82) is used in cooling raw gas from a carbonaceous material gasification system. This raw gas contains entrained particles which act as a severe abrasive. A tube sheet onto which this raw gas directly impinges is cooled by a coolant maintained at the same pressure as the raw gas, using a pressure equalizing system comprising a surge tank with a gas/liquid interface to allow pressure transmittal without movement of one fluid into the system of the other fluid.

Method for producing synthesis gas or hydrocarbon product

Method and system for an integrated gasifier and syngas cooler

통합 가스화기(106) 및 합성가스 냉각기(110)를 위한 방법 및 시스템이 제공된다. 이 시스템은 반응 챔버(116)를 구비하는 가스화기, 상기 가스화기와 일체로 형성되고 적어도 하나의 열교환기 요소(126)를 구비하는 합성가스 냉각기(110), 및 상기 반응 챔버 및 합성가스 냉각기와 일체로 형성되고 그 사이에서 연장되는 전이 부분(112)을 포함하며, 상기 전이 부분은 반응 챔버와 합성가스 냉각기 사이에서 연장되는 스로트(114)를 추가로 포함하고, 상기 전이 부분은 스로트를 둘러싸는 열교환기(126)를 추가로 포함한다.

Method and apparatus for treating matter

Device for removing fine-grained or dust-like solids from a container

一种从待调整成超压或处于超压的容器中排出细粒或尘埃状的固体材料的装置，其中该容器具有双壁式的排料锥体或排料锥体，本发明的目的在于在提供在转送漏斗中良好的输送性能的情况下避免使用多孔材料如烧结金属等等，而无需限制相应的材料的颗粒尺寸，同时也能够使用含有微粒的用于输送的气体。本发明的目的通过以下方式实现，即：气体排出口大于要排出的固体材料的最大颗粒；气体排出口(4)设有一个伸入到环形室(6)内部的、与假想的水平面成至少一个角度的接管或气体输入通道(4a)；并且气体输入通道(4a)是防止固体材料流入环形室(6)的止回装置(12)的一部分。

Method and burner for gasifying solid fuel

Process and plant for supplying a reactor for generating crude synthesis gas

本发明涉及一种用于给用于产生粗合成气体的反应器(32)供应燃料(3)的方法，利用该方法应该这样设计按照线路的压力气化设备的燃料供应，即最小化或完全避免氮气输入原气体中。这是这样实现的，即为了储存容器(2)中的燃料的惰化和松散化，为了闸斗仓(5)的内容物的松散化和流态化，作为来自闸斗仓(5)的闭锁气体，为了接受容器(29)中的松散化和流态化，以及为了在各设备部件之间进行输送燃料并且从接受容器(25)到气化反应器(32)输送燃料，使用主要由CO 2 组成的气体(多于按体积95％的CO 2 ，含有掺和物，如H 2 、CO、N 2 、碳氢化合物或类似物)。

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS IN A WEIGHTED FLOW UNDER PRESSURE

1. Способ газификации твердых топлив во взвешенном потоке под давлением посредством газификатора взвешенного потока с реактором высокого давления с двумя газификационными камерами и- направленным вертикально вниз потоком,- в который сверху вносятся пылевидные газифицируемые топлива,- в который минимум в два этапа добавляются первые и вторые кислородсодержащие газифицирующие агенты, так что образуются первая, верхняя газификационная камера и примыкающая к ней вторая, нижняя газификационная камера, и- из которого продукты газификации, состоящие из насыщенных жидкими шлаками и/или твердыми веществами неочищенных синтез-газов, выносятся вниз из газификационных камер,отличающийся тем,- что пылевидные газифицируемые топлива вносятся без горелки,- что первые газифицирующие агенты загружаются сверху в первую газификационную камеру отдельно от места подачи газифицируемых топлив, но не выше места подачи газифицируемых топлив,- что загрузка первых газифицирующих агентов происходит минимум в одной плоскости посредством распределенных минимум по одной окружности газификатора взвешенного потока форсунок первых газифицирующих агентов,- что первые кислородсодержащие газифицирующие агенты составляют от 10 до 60% от массовой доли суммы всех загруженных газифицирующих агентов,- что первые газифицирующие агенты рассчитаны по количеству и составу таким образом, что частичная газификация газифицируемых топлив происходит так, что первые продукты газификации имеют температуру минимум 600ºС, а степень превращения углерода первых продуктов газификации, относительно загрузки углерода газифицируемых топлив, составляет максимально 80%,- РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2014 125 368 A (51) МПК C10J 3/50 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2014125368, 06.12.2012 (71) Заявитель(и): ТЕХНИШЕ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ БЕРГАКАДЕМИ ФРАЙБЕРГ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 14.12.2011 DE 102011088628.1 (85) Дата начала ...

Gasification reactor

本发明公开了一种气化反应器，其包括压力壳(1)，由竖直定向的管状膜式壁(3)限定的反应区(2)，具有燃烧头的水平定向的燃烧器(13)，在使用中，燃烧火焰在燃烧头处排放到所述反应器(2)中，所述燃烧器(13)经由燃烧器马弗炉(14)伸出膜式壁(3)的竖直壁部分，所述燃烧器马弗炉(14)包括几个竖直定向、同心并互连的环(15)，其中各个环具有相对于其相邻环增加的直径，致使燃烧器马弗炉(14)在一端具有燃烧头的马弗炉开口(16)和在另一火焰排出端具有较大开口(18)，该环(15)是具有冷却介质入口端(21)和用过的冷却介质出口(21)的管路，燃烧头的马弗炉开口位于压力壳(1)和膜式壁(3)之间，以及燃烧器马弗炉(14)伸到反应区(2)中。

Methods of making plates of synthetic gas cooler and synthetic gas cooler plates

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: proposed method comprises stages whereat tubular case is arranged inside synthetic gas cooler to connect set of plates to said case to facilitate steam generation in synthetic gas cooler. At least one first plate with, at least, one length larger than that of second length. Said plate features nonlinear geometry and is inclined to synthetic gas cooler wall. Invention covers also the design of synthetic gas cooler and that of multiple plates therein. EFFECT: perfected method. 20 cl, 13 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 472 088 (13) C2 (51) МПК F28D 7/16 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010123788/06, 20.10.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 20.10.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ДЖЕНЕРАЛ ЭЛЕКТРИК КОМПАНИ (US) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.12.2011 Бюл. № 36 2 4 7 2 0 8 8 (45) Опубликовано: 10.01.2013 Бюл. № 1 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: WO 2006110087 A, 19.10.2006. RU 2282122 C2, 20.08.2006. WO 2007055930 A, 18.05.2007. RU 2041439 C1, 09.08.1995. 2 4 7 2 0 8 8 R U (86) Заявка PCT: US 2008/080458 (20.10.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 16.06.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/064584 (22.05.2009) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул.Б.Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры", пат.пов. А.В.Мицу, рег.№ 364 (54) СПОСОБЫ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ ПЛИТ ОХЛАДИТЕЛЯ СИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА И ПЛИТЫ ОХЛАДИТЕЛЯ СИНТЕТИЧЕСКОГО ГАЗА (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к области теплотехники и может быть использовано при изготовлении охладителей синтетического газа. Способ изготовления охладителя синтетического газа включает этапы, на которых присоединяют трубный кожух внутри охладителя синтетического газа и присоединяют множество плит к трубному кожуху для содействия производству пара в охладителе синтетического газа. По меньшей мере, первая плита ...

Gasification reactor and method of gasification in flow

FIELD: oil and gas industry. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in chemical industry. Receiving synthesis gas by means of gasification of liquid or fine-divided solid fuel by oxygen-containing gaseous agents of gasification is performed under pressure from 0.3 to 8 MPa in temperature range from 1200 to 2000°C in cooled reactor (3). Synthesis gas is formed in reaction chamber (2) located in upper part of reactor, inlet components are supplied to the upper part of chamber, on side walls of chamber fluid slag deposits (it can flow down without setting), and in lower part of chamber there is a hole (6) with edges for flowing down (7), from which received synthesis gas may be carried down and fluid slag can flow down. The second chamber (8) joins the hole (6) from below; in the chamber synthesis gas remains dry and is cooled. The second chamber (8) is restricted by free-falling water film (12), from below the second chamber (8) is joined by the third chamber (15), where synthesis gas is cooled due to water supply. Under the third chamber (15) there is a water bath (21), into which already set or still fluid particles of slag fall, and from below or alongside of the third chamber (15) but above the water bath (21) cooled synthesis gas is discharged from high-pressure storage tank (4). EFFECT: invention allows cooling of synthesis gas without formation of deposits impurities on reactor walls. 18 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 495 912 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/48 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010115329/05, 18.09.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 18.09.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): УДЕ ГМБХ (DE) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 18.09.2007 DE 102007044726.6 05.03.2008 DE 102008012734.5 (72) Автор(ы): КОВОЛЛЬ Йоханнес (DE), КУСКЕ Эберхард (DE), АБРАХАМ Ральф (DE), ХАЙНРИТЦ-АДРИАН Макс (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.10.2011 Бюл. № 30 2 4 9 ...

High performance coal gasifier

Method and device for converting organic material into product

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to conversion of organic material into product. Proposed method comprises bringing organic material in contact with supercritical fluid whereat it interacts with it to produce the product. Fluid may be heated by external heater or may be heated in-process by combined feed of oxidiser and fluid. Said oxidiser may be fed in amount preset for adjustment of reaction mix heating degree. EFFECT: sufficient energy for activation. 25 cl, 2 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 482 908 (13) C2 (51) МПК B01J 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010107236/05, 26.03.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 26.03.2008 (73) Патентообладатель(и): ИГНАЙТ ЭНЕРДЖИ РЕСОРСИЗ ПТИ ЛТД (AU), ЛАЙСЕЛЛА ПТИ ЛТД (AU) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.09.2011 Бюл. № 25 2 4 8 2 9 0 8 (45) Опубликовано: 27.05.2013 Бюл. № 15 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 5516952 A, 14.05.1996. US 5232604 A, 03.08.1993. JP 2004131560 A, 30.04.2004. RU 2258365 C2, 20.08.2005. RU 2065220 C1, 10.08.1996. 2 4 8 2 9 0 8 R U (86) Заявка PCT: AU 2008/000429 (26.03.2008) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 27.02.2010 (87) Публикация заявки РСТ: WO 2009/015409 (05.02.2009) Адрес для переписки: 129090, Москва, ул. Б. Спасская, 25, стр.3, ООО "Юридическая фирма Городисский и Партнеры" (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ПРЕВРАЩЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА В ПРОДУКТ (57) Реферат: Изобретение относится к способу и устройству для превращения органического материала в продукт. Способ обработки органического материала с превращением его в продукт включает стадию осуществления контакта органического материала со сверхкритической жидкостью, при котором он взаимодействует с образованием продукта. Жидкость может быть нагрета внешней нагревающей средой или может быть нагрета внутри процесса путем совместной подачи окисляющего ...

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PROCESSING A REACTOR FOR PRODUCING RAW SYNTHESIS-GAS

1. Способ обеспечения реактора (32) для производства сырого синтез-газа топливом (3) из накопительного бункера (2) с промежуточным подключением шлюзовых бункеров (5) и по меньшей мере одного приемного бункера (29),отличающийся тем, что- для создания инертной среды и разрыхления топлива в накопительном бункере (2),- для разрыхления и псевдоожижения содержимого шлюзовых бункеров (5),- в качестве шлюзового газа из шлюзовых бункеров (5),- для разрыхления и псевдоожижения в приемном бункере (29), а также- для подачи топлива между частями установки и из приемного бункера (29) к реактору (32) газификации используют состоящий преимущественно из СO2 (более 95 объемных % с примесями, такими как Н2, СО, N2, углеводороды и т.п.) газ.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что отводимый при снижении уровня давления в соответствующих шлюзовых бункерах (5) до уровня давления в накопительном бункере (2) газ направляют через теплообменник (7).3. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что покидающий теплообменник (7) газ направляют через фильтр (8).4. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что подогретый иосвобожденный от пыли газообразный CO2 подают в буферный резервуар среднего давления, и там его давление снижают до желаемого среднего уровня давления.5. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что подогретый иосвобожденный от пыли газообразный CO2 подают в буферный резервуар среднего давления, и там его давление снижают до желаемого среднего уровня давления.6. Способ по п.2, отличающийся тем, что подогретый иосвобожденный от пыли газообразный CO2 подают в буферный резервуар (11) низкого давления, и там его давление снижают до желаемого низкого уровня давления.7. Способ по п.3, отличающийся тем, что РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2011 127 901 A (51) МПК C10J 3/50 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011127901/05, 20.11.2009 (71) Заявитель(и): УДЕ ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 09.12.2008 DE 102008060893.9 ...

Coal gasification apparatus

A removable annular hearth member (40), shaped to fit over the slag outlet member (20) of a slagging gasifier, comprises a cast body of high thermal conductivity having integral liquid coolant passageways, the central openings of the ahnu- lar hearth member and slag outlet member being arranged in vertical alignment for the discharge of slag, and the lower portion of the hearth member opening having a lip or beak (70) extending downwardly so as to form a sealed joint with the slag outlet opening whereby in operation of the gasifier to prevent penetration of molten slag therebetween.

Bottoms conversion process

INTEGRATED COOKING AND GASIFICATION METHOD.