Generation of materials with enhanced hydrogen content from anaerobic microbial consortia including desulfuromonas or clostridia

An isolated microbial consortia is described. The consortia may include a first-bite microbial consortium that converts a starting hydrocarbon that is a complex hydrocarbon into two or more first-bite metabolic products. The consortia may also include a downstream microbial consortium that converts a starting hydrocarbon metabolic product into a downstream metabolic product. The downstream metabolic product has a greater mol. % hydrogen than the starting hydrocarbon. The first-bite microbial consortium or the downstream microbial consortium includes one or more species of Desulfuromonas.

Cell-based systems for production of methyl formate

Disclosed is a process in which a recombinant organism, such as a yeast, expressing a heterologous S-adenosylmethionme (SAM)-dependent methyl halide transferase (MHT) protein is combined with a halide and a carbon source in a cultivation medium under conditions in which methyl formate is produced. The cell may genetically modified to express methyl formate synthase, methanol dehydrogenase and/or hydrolytic dehalogenase at levels higher than a cell of the same species that is not genetically modified. The methyl formate may be collected and used in a variety of applications. The halide may be chlorine, bromine or iodine.

Process for production of fructo-oligosaccharides

A microbial consortium comprises of an Aureobasidium sp. to metabolise a sugar substrate into fructooligosaccaride, glucose and fructose and a Pachysolen sp to metabolise the glucose and the fructose into ethanol.

CONSOLIDATED BIOPROCESSING METHOD USING THERMOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS

The present invention is directed to a method of converting biomass to biofuel, and particularly to a consolidated bioproces sing method using a co-culture of thermophilic and extremely thermophilic microorganisms which collectively can ferment the hexose and pentose sugars produced by degradation of cellulose and hemicelluloses at high substrate conversion rates. A culture medium therefor is also provided as well as use of the methods to produce and recover cellulosic ethanol. 1. A method of converting biomass to biofuel which comprises co-culturing biomass with a first cellulolytic , thermophilic microorganism and a second hemicellulolytic , extremely thermophilic , xylose-fermenting microorganism for a time and under conditions sufficient to ferment hexose and pentose sugars which are produced as said biomass is hydrolyzed and converted to biofuel and to ferment said sugars at a substrate conversion rate of at least 50%.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said substrate conversion rate is at least 75%.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said co-culturing is performed as a consolidated bioproces sing method.4Clostridium. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first thermophilic microorganism is a species.5ClostridiumClostridium thermocellum.. The method of claim 4 , wherein said species is6Caldicellulosiruptor. A method according to claim 1 , wherein said second thermophilic microorganism is a species.7CaldicellulosiruptorCaldicellulosiruptor obsidiansis.. The method of claim 6 , wherein said species is8ClostridiumCaldicellulosiruptor. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first microorganism is a species and said second microorganism is a species.9ClostridiumC. thermocellumCaldicellulosiruptorC. obsidiansis.. The method of claim 8 , wherein said species is and said species is10ClostridiumC. thermocellumCaldicellulosiruptorC. obsidiansis. The method of claim 8 , wherein said species is strain ATCC 27405 and said species is strain OB47(ATCC BAA-2073).11. The method of ...

Bioremediation method for accelerated biological decomposition of petroleum hydrocarbons in sea ice-covered polar regions, and bacteria and enzyme mixtures as agents for carrying out said method

A bacterial mixture usable in an inoculum usable in a bioremediateion method for accelerated biological degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in a sea ice-covered polar region includes a plurality of isolated cold-adapted autochthonous bacterial strains. Each of the bacterial strains has petroleum hydrocarbons degrading activity at an ambient temperature of −3° C. and each has a different temperature tolerance range, a different salinity tolerance range, a different petroleum hydrocarbons degradation spectrum, and a different capacity to emulsify oil.

Method for Preparing Pharmaceutical Composition for Enhancing Immunity and Pharmaceutical Composition Prepared According to the Method

A method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for enhancing immunity and a pharmaceutical composition prepared according to the method. The method includes steps of: mixing ginseng ethanol extract with fruit and vegetable fermentation conversion solution to obtain a mixture, namely, the pharmaceutical composition for enhancing immunity; wherein the ginseng ethanol extract is prepared by a following step of: reflux extracting ginseng by ethanol aqueous solution for obtaining the extract, namely, the ginseng ethanol extract; the fruit and vegetable fermentation conversion solution is prepared by following steps of: mixing fruit and vegetable, lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria solution, bifidobactreium longum bacteria solution, lactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp. bulgaricus bacteria solution, streptococcus thermophilus bacteria solution with water, and then fermenting for obtaining a fermentation product, namely, the fruit and vegetable fermentation conversion solution.

NOVEL MICROORGANISM RHIZOBIUM SP. KB10 HAVING PROPERTIES OF PROMOTING GROWH OF BOTRYOCOCCUS BRAUNII AND INCREASING FATTY ACID CONTENT

The present invention relates to sp. KB10 strain having properties of promoting growth of , which is an alga capable of producing biodiesel, and also enhancing production performance of biodiesel. Mores specifically, it relates to novel sp. KB10 strain which has properties of promoting growth of used for biodiesel production and also enhancing content of C18 (i.e., oleate) corresponding to high quality biodiesel component as much as 900%. By using root colonizing bacteria like , it is possible to promote effectively the slow cell growth of and increase as much as possible the oleate amount, which is a high quality biodiesel component. Further, by carrying out mixture culture using such bacteria, problems associated with contamination by other microorganisms during a process of producing biodiesel by culture in an outside environment can be dramatically solved. 1RhizobiumBotryococcus braunii. An isolated sp. KB10 strain (KCTC 12131BP) for promoting growth of strain.2Botryococcus brauniiRhizobiumBotryococcus braunii. A method for promoting growth of comprising co culturing sp. KB10 strain of and strain.3Botryococcus brauniiRhizobiumBotryococcus braunii. The method for promoting growth of according to claim 2 , characterized in that sp. KB10 strain is added in an amount of 0.1 to 10% (v/v) based on culture liquid of strain.4RhizobiumBotryococcus braunii. A method for mass production of fatty acids comprising co culturing sp. KB10 strain of and strain.5. The method for mass production of fatty acids according to claim 4 , characterized in that the fatty acids are oleate claim 4 , linolenate claim 4 , linoleate claim 4 , palmitate claim 4 , palmitoleate claim 4 , or a combination thereof.6RhizobiumBotryococcus braunii. A microorganism formulation for mass production of fatty acids claim 1 , in which the formulation contains co-culture of sp. KB10 strain of and strain as an effective component.7. The microorganism formulation according to claim 6 , characterized in that ...

Paenibacillus Spp. and Methods for Fermentation of Lignocellulosic Materials

Provided herein are methods for producing a fermentation product, such as ethanol, by co-culture of a member of the genus and an ethanologenic microbe, such as yeast or . Also provided are methods for making enzymes useful in the saccharification of a pretreated lignocellulosic material. The enzymes may be made by culturing a member of the genus in a composition suitable for production of such enzymes. An example of such a composition is a pretreated lignocellulosic material, for example, spent hydrolysates. Also provided are genetically modified members of the genus that have been genetically modified to not produce an antimicrobial, for instance, a polymyxin E. 1. A method for producing ethanol comprising:{'i': 'Paenibacillus', 'fermenting a composition comprising a pretreated lignocellulosic material, wherein the fermenting comprises contacting the composition with an ethanologenic microbe and a spp.'}2. The method of wherein the pretreated lignocellulosic material is present at a concentration of at least 10% solids.3. The method of wherein the fermenting is a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation.4. The method of wherein the ethanologenic microbe is a yeast.5Saccharomyces cerevisiae.. The method of wherein the yeast is6E. coli.. The method of wherein the ethanologenic microbe is7. The method of wherein the pretreated lignocellulosic material is pine.8Pinus taeda.. The method of wherein the pine is9PaenibacillisP. amylolyticus. The method of wherein the spp. is .10Paenibacillis. The method of wherein the spp. produces an enzyme having saccharifying activity when incubated on a medium comprising inorganic salts and a carbon source selected from glucose claim 1 , mannose claim 1 , xylose claim 1 , arabinose claim 1 , cellulose claim 1 , pectin claim 1 , starch claim 1 , xylan claim 1 , carboxymethylcellulose claim 1 , or a combination thereof.1113-. (canceled)14Paenibacillis. The method of wherein the contacting comprises inoculating the composition with ...

Novel method for improving microbial laccase production

The present invention provides a novel method for improving microbial laccase production, which relates to the field of microbial fermentation. The present invention is to add β-carotene and other types of carotenoids, or microorganisms that produce carotenoids, or mixtures comprising carotenoids into a fermentation system during fermentation of and other higher fungi. The present invention can improve the laccase production 12 times more than before, with the advantages of a simple process and high yield. 1. A composition comprising a laccase-producing microorganism and a stimulator comprising a carotenoid.2Pleurotus ferulae, Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatusGanoderma Lucidum.. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the laccase-producing microorganism is a filamentous fungus selected from a group consisting of claim 1 , and3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carotenoid is β-carotene claim 1 , lycopene or a mixture thereof.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the stimulator comprises a carotenoids-producing microorganisms.5. A method of improving laccase production claim 1 , comprising adding the stimulator of during a fermentation process.6Pleurotus ferulae, Trametes versicolor, Pleurotus ostreatusGanoderma Lucidum.. The method of claim 5 , comprising adding the laccase-producing microorganism during the fermentation process; wherein the microorganism comprises a laccase-producing filamentous fungi; and wherein the filamentous fungi comprises claim 5 , or7. The method of claim 5 , wherein the stimulator comprises compounds of carotenoids claim 5 , or a mixture comprising carotenoids; and the method comprises choosing or adjusting amount of the stimulator and time of adding the stimulator according to a condition of the fermentation process.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the mixture comprising carotenoids comprises an active laccase-producing microorganism claim 7 , an inactivated laccase-producing microorganism claim 7 , or extracts of ...

BIOLOGICAL DEGRADATION OF LOW-RANK COALS

Methods and processes for producing aerobic digestion products, such as organic acids, from a low-rank coal substrate are provided. Also provided are multistage bioreactor systems for carrying out the described methods and processes. In another aspect, product compositions comprising organic acids produced by the described methods and processes are provided, as well as methods for their use, including for the improvement of soil quality and/or plant growth. 143.-. (canceled)44. A method for producing low-rank coal aerobic digestion products , a consortium of low-rank coal-degrading microbes , or both low-rank coal aerobic digestion products and a consortium of low-rank coal-degrading microbes , the method comprising:a) combining a low-rank coal substrate, water, a rock phosphate, and yeast to form an aqueous mixture;b) incubating the aqueous mixture; andc) collecting a fraction of the aqueous mixture comprising the aerobic digestion products, the consortium of low-rank coal-degrading microbes, or both the aerobic digestion products and the consortium of low-rank coal-degrading microbes.45. The method according to claim 44 , wherein the incubating step occurs in two or more stages.46. The method according to claim 44 , wherein the incubating step occurs at a temperature from 15° C. to 50° C.47. The method according to claim 44 , wherein the incubating step occurs in a multistage bioreactor system comprising two or more bioreactors.48. The method according to claim 47 , wherein the aqueous mixture is recycled within the two or more bioreactors at least once.49. The method according to claim 44 , wherein additional yeast is incorporated into the aqueous mixture at least once during the incubating step.50. The method according to claim 44 , further comprising collecting at least one intermediate fraction of the aqueous mixture claim 44 , wherein the at least one intermediate fraction of the aqueous mixture is collected at an earlier time point than the fraction ...

PROCESSES FOR BIOCONVERSION OF CARBON BEARING MATERIALS

A process involving a microorganism consortium for converting at least one component in a carbon-bearing material to a different product comprising at least one hydrocarbon. In the process, a microorganism consortium is contacted with a composition that causes an increase or decrease of a relative population of at least one species of microorganism in said microorganism consortium, to enhance a yield or selectivity or alter a rate of said process. The composition may be selected from a composition that affects an intracellular pathway of said at least one species of microorganism, a composition that affects an intercellular signaling pathway that involves said at least one species of microorganism and at least one antisense RNA. Also, the microorganism consortium can be exposed to signals such as sound waves or electromagnetic signals or a condition of the environment of the microorganism consortium can be altered. 1. A process involving a microorganism consortium for converting at least one component in a carbon-bearing material to a different product comprising at least one hydrocarbon , said process comprising the step of:contacting said microorganism consortium with a composition that causes an increase or decrease of a relative population of at least one species of microorganism in said microorganism consortium relative to at least another species of microorganism in said microorganism consortium, to enhance a yield or selectivity or alter a rate of said process, as compared to an identical process carried out in the absence of said composition,wherein said composition is selected from a composition that directly or indirectly affects an intracellular pathway of said at least one species of microorganism and a composition that affects an intercellular signaling pathway that involves said at least one species of microorganism.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said intracellular pathway is a metabolic pathway.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein said ...

BIO-DEGRADABLE COMPOSITION AND/OR PROBIOTIC BIOCHEMICALS AND METHODS OF USE IN LEATHER TANNING PROCESSES

Use of probiotic technology to support tanners to reduce waste and increase the value of by-products reducing the need of synthetic chemicals, improving the quality of effluents and reducing the carbon footprint to the environment. Probiotics or beneficial microorganisms are used to obtain biochemicals through a controlled fermentation of natural ingredients. The result of the process is a consortium of metabolites including viable probiotic microorganisms with properties very similar to traditional leather auxiliaries extensively needed during leather production, eliminating or reducing the need for use of toxic chemicals and compositions. 1. A probiotic biochemical composition comprising a microorganism fermentation broth with a defined fingerprinting profile from metagenomics and metabolomics analysis , said probiotic biochemical composition comprising:Total Lactic Acid Bacteria counts of between 1.0E+4 to 1.0E+6 CFU/mL;Purple sulfur bacteria; andbeing essentially free of pathogenic or putrefactive microorganisms,wherein said fermentation broth is obtained by fermentation of probiotic microorganisms in a medium under defined fermentation conditions;wherein said probiotic biochemical composition has a pH value of <4.0 with activity in pH range from 2 to 12, percent total acidity between about 0.6 and about 3.2, and an Emulsification Index value between about 40% and about 75%.2. The composition of claim 1 , said fermentation broth further comprising at least one of acetic acid claim 1 , lactic acid claim 1 , fatty acid claim 1 , and/or small chain peptides.3BacillusBifidobacteriumBifidobacteriumEnterococcusLactobacillusRhodopseudomonasSaccharomyces. The composition of or claim 1 , comprising at least three microorganisms claim 1 , wherein the microorganisms are co-cultured claim 1 , and wherein at least one microorganism is selected from the group consisting of purple non-sulfur bacteria claim 1 , chromatianeae claim 1 , green sulfur bacteria claim 1 , colorless ...

SECONDARY ACETATE FERMENTATION

The disclosure relates to the combination of a primary fermentation that converts gas to acetate with a secondary fermentation that converts acetate to a target product. Preferably, the gas contains carbon dioxide, such that the disclosure enables the fixation of carbon dioxide into useful products. The fermentations may be any combination of aerobic and anaerobic, batch and continuous. The fermenting microorganisms may typically be bacterial or fungal. 1. A method for producing at least one target product from CO and optionally H , or from COand H , the method comprising:{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'i. introducing a gaseous substrate comprising at least CO and optionally H, or at least COand Hinto a first bioreactor containing a culture of at least one first microorganism in a first liquid nutrient medium and anaerobically fermenting the gaseous substrate to produce acetate as a first product in a first fermentation broth, wherein the first microorganism expresses the enzymes of the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway; and'}ii. transferring at least a portion of the first fermentation broth to a second bioreactor containing a culture of at least one second microorganism in a second liquid nutrient medium, wherein the second microorganism is a different species from the first microorganism, and fermenting the first product to produce at least a first target product in a second fermentation broth.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first liquid nutrient medium comprises a quantity of a nutrient that is utilized by the second microorganism but not by the first microorganism.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein first liquid nutrient medium comprises a nutrient that is utilized by the second microorganism but not by the first microorganism.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second liquid nutrient medium is the first fermentation broth.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second fermentation broth is transferred back to the first bioreactor.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

A COMPOSITION OF PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC MICROORGANISMS AND CHEMOHETEROTROPHIC MICROORGANISMS IN A BIOFILM

A composition of microorganisms, comprising 1. A composition of microorganisms in a biofilm , comprising:photoautotrophic microorganisms which produce oxygen by photosynthetic water oxidation andchemoheterotrophic microorganisms which respire oxygen,wherein the photoautotrophic microorganisms and the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms are comprised in the biofilm, the biofilm further comprising components which were secreted by the photoautotrophic microorganisms and/or the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoautotrophic microorganisms and/or the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms are capable of catalyzing the conversion of a substrate into a product.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein in case of the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms the substrate is a substrate which is not naturally metabolized by the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms claim 2 , wherein the ability of converting the substrate was introduced into the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms by genetic modification.4. The composition of claim 2 , wherein in case of the photoautotrophic microorganisms the substrate is a substrate which is not naturally metabolized by the photoautotrophic microorganisms claim 2 , wherein the ability of converting the substrate was introduced into the photoautotrophic microorganisms by genetic modification.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoautotrophic microorganisms are algae and/or cyanobacterium.6Synechocystis.. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the photoautotrophic microorganisms are from the genus7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms are bacteria.8Pseudomonas.. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the chemoheterotrophic microorganisms are from the genus9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the biofilm is adhered to a surface of a carrier.10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the carrier is a flat carrier claim 1 , a tube or a capillary.11. The composition of ...

METHODS OF PRODUCING LIPIDS

Described herein are microoganisms and methods for producing lipids by co-culturing a photosynthetic microorganism with a heterotrophic microorganism to produce a culture medium having a titer of lipids. 1. A method of producing lipids , the method comprising co-culturing a photosynthetic microorganism with a heterotrophic microorganism to produce a culture medium having a titer of lipids of at least 300 mg/L.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthetic microorganism comprises a cyanobacterium or alga.3. (canceled)4Chlorella.. The method of claim 2 , wherein the cyanobacterium is selected from genera Synechococcus and5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthetic microorganism expresses sugar transport proteins.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microorganism comprises a yeast claim 1 , or an oleaginous yeast.7. (canceled)8YarrowiaCandidaYarrowia lipolytica.. The method of claim 6 , wherein the yeast is selected from genera Rhodosporidium claim 6 , claim 6 , and claim 6 , or from Rhodosporidium toruloides and9. (canceled)10. A method of producing lipids claim 6 , comprising co-culturing a photosynthetic microorganism with a heterotrophic microorganism claim 6 , wherein at least 30% of a continuous culture dry cell weight is the heterotrophic microorganism.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the photosynthetic microorganism comprises a cyanobacterium or alga.12. (canceled)13Chlorella.. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cyanobacterium is selected from genera Synechococcus and14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosynthetic microorganism expresses sugar transport proteins.15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the heterotrophic microorganism comprises a yeast claim 10 , or oleaginous yeast.16. (canceled)17YarrowiaCandida.. The method of claim 15 , wherein the yeast is selected from genera Rhodosporidium claim 15 , claim 15 , Metschnikowia claim 15 , and18Yarrowia lipolyticaMetschnikowia pulcherrima. The method of claim 15 , ...

Antimicrobial Preservatives For Cosmetic Products

A method for producing an antimicrobial agent is provided. The method includes co-fermenting at least one bacterium and at least one yeast in a growth media to produce a co-fermented product. The co-fermented product includes an antimicrobial agent. A filtration method is applied to the co-fermented product to isolate and extract the antimicrobial agent from the co-fermented product, wherein the antimicrobial agent is a secondary metabolite. 1. A method for producing an antimicrobial agent , comprising:co-fermenting at least one bacterium and at least one yeast in a growth media to produce a co-fermented product, the co-fermented product including an antimicrobial agent; andapplying a filtration method to the co-fermented product to isolate and extract the antimicrobial agent from the co-fermented product, wherein the antimicrobial agent is a secondary metabolite.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the secondary metabolite is selected from the group consisting of cinnamic aldehyde claim 1 , phenylethyl alcohol claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3Bacillus subtilis.. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one bacterium comprises4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the filtration method comprises:mixing the co-fermented product with a solvent; andextracting the antimicrobial agent from the co-fermented product.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein extracting the antimicrobial agent further comprises:dissolving the antimicrobial agent in the solvent to form a solution; andfiltering the solution having the dissolved antimicrobial agent from the remainder of the co-fermented product.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the solvent comprises 1 claim 5 ,3-propanediol.7Saccharomyces boulardii.. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one yeast comprises8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth media is selected from the group consisting of ammonium sulfate claim 1 , magnesium sulfate claim 1 , disodium phosphate claim 1 , yeast autolysate claim 1 , and combinations ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHANE FROM CARBON DIOXIDE BY CO-CULTURE

A method for producing methane by biological conversion of carbon dioxide is performed using a symbiosis between one or more methane-generating bacteria and: (i) one or more hetero-autotrophic cyanobacteria and/or microalgae, or (ii) one or more sulfobacteria and/or acetobacteria, wherein the hetero-autotrophic cyanobacteria and/or microalgae, or the sulfobacteria and/or acetobacteria, produce the molecular hydrogen required for the conversion of carbon dioxide into methane performed by the methane-generating bacteria. 114-. (canceled)16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein claim 15 , upon reaching the steady state of growth of said first and second microorganisms the following additional steps are performed:(iii) discharging from each fermentation reactor approximately ⅓ of the volume of the fermented broth into a centrifuge provided with a decanter;(iv) loading into each fermentation reactor new culture broth for a volume equal to the volume of the discharged fermented broth;(v) restarting the growth of the symbiotic culture until the steady state is reached, bubbling carbon dioxide in each fermentation reactor with a flow that is proportional to the volume of said fermentation reactor, so as to obtain the production of methane by the first microorganism; and(vi) capturing and sending to storage the methane produced in step (v).17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said second microorganism is one or more hetero-autotrophic cyanobacteria and/or microalgae.18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein said symbiotic culture is provided by means of multiple symbiotic cultures in series.19. The method according to claim 18 , wherein said multiple symbiotic cultures in series are in a number comprised between three and five.20. The method according to claim 18 , wherein said symbiotic cultures in series are provided in fermentation reactors claim 18 , each of which has a larger effective volume than the preceding fermentation reactor.21. The method ...

PRODUCING AND ALTERING MICROBIAL FERMENTATION PRODUCTS USING NON-COMMONLY USED LIGNOCELLULOSIC HYDROLYSATES

The invention pertains to a method for synthesizing a product of interest by culturing a microbe that produces the product of interest, the method comprising culturing the microbe in a culture medium, wherein the culture medium is produced by a method comprising the steps of: 1. A method of producing a culture medium , the method comprising:a) providing a lignocellulosic biomass, wherein the lignocellulosic biomass comprises a lignocellulosic compound,b) hydrolyzing the lignocellulosic biomass to produce a lignocellulosic hydrolysate, wherein the lignocellulosic hydrolysate comprises a simplified sugar produced from at least a portion of the lignocellulosic compound,c) optionally, separating the lignocellulosic hydrolysate into a first portion and a second portion and treating the second portion of the lignocellulosic hydrolysate to convert a portion of the lignocellulosic compound and/or the simplified sugar to a non-sugar agent;d) optionally, mixing the treated second portion of the lignocellulosic hydrolysate comprising the non-sugar agent with the first portion of the lignocellulosic hydrolysate,e) producing a culture medium comprising the lignocellulosic hydrolysate obtained after step b) or comprising the mixture obtained after steps c) and d).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the non-sugar agent is an organic acid claim 1 , an alcohol claim 1 , a micronutrient claim 1 , a salt claim 1 , a saponifiable or fatty acid compound claim 1 , a furfural claim 1 , a process water claim 1 , a protein claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of treating the second portion of the lignocellulosic hydrolysate comprises culturing the second portion with a microbe that converts the portion of the lignocellulosic compound to the non-sugar agent.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the organic acid is acetic acid claim 2 , propionic acid claim 2 , citric acid claim 2 , fumaric acid claim 2 , glycolic acid claim 2 , lactic acid claim 2 , ...

TWO-STEP FERMENATION PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF A PRODUCT

The invention provides genetically engineered microorganisms and methods for the production of a product by a two-step fermentation process. In particular, the present invention relates to production of an intermediate by microbial fermentation of a gaseous substrate followed by conversion of the intermediate to a final product through microbial fermentation of a carbohydrate substrate. 1. A two-step fermentation method for producing a product , wherein the method comprises:a. culturing a first microorganism under conditions wherein the first microorganism ferments a first feedstock to produce an intermediate; andb. culturing a second microorganism under conditions wherein the second microorganism ferments a second feedstock to produce the product from the intermediate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first feedstock or the second feedstock is a gaseous substrate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the gaseous substrate comprises one or more of CO claim 2 , CO claim 2 , H claim 2 , and CH.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first feedstock or the second feedstock is a carbohydrate.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the carbohydrate comprises one or more of xylose claim 4 , arabinose claim 4 , glucose claim 4 , fructose claim 4 , mannose claim 4 , galactose claim 4 , fucose claim 4 , sucrose claim 4 , maltose claim 4 , melibiose claim 4 , xylan claim 4 , xylogluco-oligosaccharides claim 4 , and mannitol.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first microorganism or the second microorganism is a C1-fixing microorganism.7Acetobacterium, Alkalibaculum, Blautia, Butyribacterium, Clostridium, Eubacterium, Moorella, Oxobacter, SporomusaThermoanaerobacter.. The method of claim 6 , wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is a member of a genus selected from the group consisting of claim 6 , and8Clostridium autoethanogenum, Clostridium ljungdahliiClostridium ragsdalei.. The method of claim 7 , wherein the C1-fixing microorganism is derived from a parental bacterium ...

BIOCONVERSION PROCESSES AND APPARATUS

Bioconversion processes are disclosed in which two or more biocatalysts including microorganisms or isolated enzymes that are substantially irreversibly retained in the interior of an open, porous, highly hydrophilic polymer are used in a common aqueous medium. In one exemplary embodiment, one biocatalyst produces a chemical product that is a substrate to at least one other biocatalyst. In another exemplary embodiment, the feed includes two or more substrates and one biocatalyst bioconverts at least one substrate and another biocatalyst bioconverts at least one other substrate. This aspect is particularly useful for treating water including disparate contaminants by metabolic degradation in a bioreaction zone including multiple types of biocatalysts. 1. A metabolic process comprising: i. at least one of the biocatalysts is capable of bioconverting at least one substrate to at least one of an intermediate chemical and a sought chemical product,', 'ii. at least one other biocatalyst is capable of bioconverting at least one substrate or intermediate chemical to a chemical product or intermediate chemical product,', a solid structure of hydrated hydrophilic polymer defining an interior structure having a plurality of interconnected major cavities having a smallest dimension of between about 5 and 100 microns and an HEV of at least about 1000, and', 'a population of microorganisms substantially irreversibly retained in the interior structure, said microorganisms being in a concentration of at least about 60 grams per liter based upon the volume defined by the exterior of the solid structure when fully hydrated,, 'iii. at least one of said biocatalysts having'}, 'iv. at least one of the biocatalysts provides a chemical product;, 'a. introducing at least one substrate into a bioreactor containing an aqueous medium wherein the aqueous medium contains at least two biocatalysts whereinb. maintaining the aqueous medium under metabolic conditions suitable for the bioconversion ...

Lipid biosynthesis and abiotic stress resilience in photosynthetic organisms

This application describes methods of using fungi to harvest algae. As illustrated herein the algae stick onto and are captured directly by the hyphae of the fungi. The fungi, the algae, or both can be modified to express heterologous proteins or other products. The methods facilitate harvesting of useful strains of algae and the products made by such algae.

PRODUCTION OF NATURAL ORGANIC GLUCONATES

The present invention discloses the conversion of non-edible grade organic maize or wheat into monosaccharides by enzyme hydrolysis. The generated glucose at 14-16% is used to produce natural, organic gluconic acid by microbial fermentation of three strains NCIM 545, NCIM 745 and NCIM 709. These strains are improved by unique media constituents and parameters for product yield enhancement along with the reduced time of gluconic acid production by 15-20 h. Further, gluconic acid is fortified with calcium or sodium or magnesium or ferrous to produce respective gluconate salts which were processed by a set of downstream processes including spray drying to obtain in powder form. These organic gluconates have immense applications in food, pharma, feed, and construction sectors for supplying organic source as well as minerals. This route of gluconic acid and its salts production is robust simple, cost-effective and less time taking by using eco-friendly biotechnological processes. 1. The process of production of natural organic gluconates by conversion of non-edible grade organic maize or wheat into monosaccharides by enzymatic hydrolysis , further their conversion to organic gluconic acid by microbial fermentation and subsequent fortification with different minerals like calcium , sodium , magnesium , and the iron to produce different natural organic gluconate salts.2AspergillusPenicillium. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein production of natural organic gluconates is carried out by eco-friendly fermentation approach of carbohydrate sources obtained from enzymatic hydrolysis of non-edible grade organic maize or wheat with α-amylase and glucosidase using a microbial consortium of sp. and spp. followed by downstream processing steps including filtration and drying.3Aspergillus nigerPenicillium notatumPenicillium chrysogenum. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the microbial consortia comprises of three lab-adapted strains NCIM 545 claim 1 , NCIM 745 and ...

Compositions and methods comprising a combination silage inoculant

Compositions and methods for the production of biogas from forage are provided. Compositions comprise a combination microbial inoculant, silage produced from forage inoculated with the combination microbial inoculant, and biogas produced from the silage. Various methods are provided for increasing biogas production and decreasing dry matter loss by inoculating forage with a combination inoculant. In certain embodiments, inoculating forage with specific combinations of bacterial strains results in a synergistic decrease in dry matter loss and a synergistic increase in biogas production. In other embodiments, inoculating a biomass composition comprising silage and sludge with specific combinations of bacterial strains results in a synergistic increase in biogas production.

BIOCONVERSION PROCESSES AND APPARATUS

Bioconversion processes are disclosed in which two or more biocatalysts including microorganisms or isolated enzymes that are substantially irreversibly retained in the interior of an open, porous, highly hydrophilic polymer are used in a common aqueous medium. In one exemplary embodiment, one biocatalyst produces a chemical product that is a substrate to at least one other biocatalyst. In another exemplary embodiment, the feed includes two or more substrates and one biocatalyst bioconverts at least one substrate and another biocatalyst bioconverts at least one other substrate. This aspect is particularly useful for treating water including disparate contaminants by metabolic degradation in a bioreaction zone including multiple types of biocatalysts. 1. A metabolic process comprising: i. at least one of the biocatalysts is capable of bioconverting at least one substrate to at least one of an intermediate chemical and a sought chemical product,', 'ii. at least one other biocatalyst is capable of bioconverting at least one substrate or intermediate chemical to a chemical product or intermediate chemical product,', a solid structure of hydrated hydrophilic polymer defining an interior structure having a plurality of interconnected major cavities having a smallest dimension of between about 5 and 100 microns and an HEV of at least about 1000, and', 'a population of microorganisms substantially irreversibly retained in the interior structure, said microorganisms being in a concentration of at least about 60 grams per liter based upon the volume defined by the exterior of the solid structure when fully hydrated,, 'iii. at least one of said biocatalysts having'}, 'iv. at least one of the biocatalysts provides a chemical product;, 'a. introducing at least one substrate into a bioreactor containing an aqueous medium wherein the aqueous medium contains at least two biocatalysts whereinb. maintaining the aqueous medium under metabolic conditions suitable for the bioconversion ...

METHODS TO INCREASE AND HARVEST DESIRED METABOLITE PRODUCTION IN ALGAE

Enhanced yields of photosynthetically fixed carbon produced by hypersaline photosynthetic algae are provided by co-culturing with a halophilic archaea. Further, methods are provided to control harvesting of desired metabolic products from hypersaline photosynthetic algae by controlling caspase activity. 1. A method to effect secretion of metabolic byproducts from a culture of hypersaline photosynthetic algae which method comprises contacting a culture of said algae with at least one caspase inhibitor in an amount effective to inhibit apoptosis , permitting said culture to generate desired amounts of metabolic products , followed by contacting said culture with at least one moiety that neutralizes said inhibition of caspase.2. The method of wherein said culture is a monoculture of the hypersaline photosynthetic algae.3. The method of wherein said culture is a co-culture of said algae with haloarchaea.4. The method of wherein the inhibitor of caspase is zinc ion and the moiety that overcomes said inhibition is a chelating agent.5D. salina.. The method of wherein the algae are6D. salina.. The method of wherein the algae are7H. salinarum.. The method of wherein the haloarchaea are This application is a division of U.S. Ser. No. 13/092,706 filed 22 Apr. 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,911,965 issued 16 Dec. 2014 which claims priority from U.S. Ser. No. 61/327,043 filed 22 Apr. 2010 and from U.S. Ser. No. 61/389,142 filed 1 Oct. 2010. The contents of these documents are incorporated herein by reference.This invention was made in part with grant support from the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government has certain rights in this invention.The invention relates in part to improved methods to enhance carbon fixation in photosynthetic algae. More particularly, it relates to co-culturing algae with heterotrophic bacteria and archaea. In addition, it is directed to methods to control secretion by photosynthetic algae of desired metabolites or other dissolved organic molecules by specific ...

Microbial fermentation of botanicals

A method for microbial fermentation of botanicals includes steps of: fermenting with wall-breaking fungi, and then fermenting with probiotics. 110-. (canceled)11: A microbial fermentation method of botanicals , comprising steps of: fermenting with wall-breaking fungi , and then fermenting with probiotics.12Cordyceps.: The microbial fermentation method claim 11 , as recited in claim 11 , wherein the wall-breaking fungi are wood-grown fungi and/or13Ganoderma, Poria cocas, Grifola umbellata, Cordyceps sinensisCordyceps militaris.: The microbial fermentation method claim 11 , as recited in claim 11 , wherein the wall-breaking fungi are selected from a group consisting of and/or14Ganoderma, Poria cocos, Grifola umbellata, Cordyceps sinensisCordyceps militaris.: The microbial fermentation method claim 12 , as recited in claim 12 , wherein the wall-breaking fungi are selected from a group consisting of and/or15Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, LactocaccusAcetobacterium.: The microbial fermentation method claim 11 , as recited in claim 11 , wherein the probiotics are selected from a group consisting of and16Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, LactococcusAcetobacterium.: The microbial fermentation method claim 14 , as recited in claim 14 , wherein the probiotics are selected from a group consisting of and17Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyes eerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, Pichia ohmeri, Pichia membranaefaciens, Hansenula anomala, Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus panis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermenti, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus breves, Lactobacillus veridescens, Lactobacillus delbrueckii bulgaricus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus cellobiosus, Lactobacillus caseicasei, Lactobacillus helveticusjugurti, Lacticum Jansen, Lactobacillus Pentosus, Acetobacter pasteuranus, Acetobacter rancens, ...

METHODS AND MICROBIAL CULTURES FOR IMPROVED CONVERSION OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS

The present technology pertains to methods and microbial co-cultures for converting lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and/or other carbon-based chemicals. Aspects of the present disclosure relate to novel consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) methods by which the efficiency of the production of biofuels and/or other carbon-based chemicals from cellulosic biomass-containing materials can be increased. In particular, the present disclosure provides numerous microbiological co-cultures for increasing the efficiency of ethanol and/or lactic acid production from biomass. 1CaldicellulosiruptorThermoanaerobacter,. An isolated microbial culture suitable for converting lignocellulosic biomass to a biofuel and/or another carbon-based chemical comprising a first microorganism belonging to the genus and a second microorganism belonging to the genus whereina) the first microorganism is selected from the group consisting of DIB004C deposited as DSM 25177, DIB101C deposited as DSM 25178, DIB041C deposited as DSM 25771, DIB087C deposited as DSM25772, DIB101C, deposited as DSM 25178, DIB103C deposited as DSM 25773, DIB104C deposited as DSM 25774 and DIB107C deposited as DSM 25775, and whereinb) the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of DIB004G deposited as DSM 25179, DIB101G deposited as DSM 25180, DIB101X deposited as DSM 25181, DIB097C deposited as DSM 25308, DIB087G deposited as DSM 25777, DIB103X deposited as DSM 25776, DIB104X deposited as DSM 25778 and DIB107X deposited as DSM 25779.215-. (canceled)16. The microbial culture according to claim 1 , wherein one or more genes have been inserted claim 1 , deleted or substantially inactivated in at least one of the microorganisms of the first and/or the second microorganism.17. The microbial culture according to claim 1 , wherein the first and/or the second microorganism comprises a first native gene that has been partially claim 1 , substantially claim 1 , or completely deleted claim 1 , silenced claim 1 , ...

CAPSULES

A capsule having an encapsulated material and a capsule wall encapsulating the encapsulated material. The capsule wall includes a N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer, wherein the N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer is derived from a raw material which has a non-animal origin. The capsules have significant compression resistance while minimizing the amount of polymer incorporated into the capsule wall and are advantageously stable in a range of products including when associated with commercially available protease containing, biological liquid laundry products. 132-. (canceled)33. A capsule comprising an encapsulated material and a capsule wall encapsulating the encapsulated material , wherein the capsule wall includes a N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer , wherein the N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer is derived from a raw material which has a non-animal origin.34. The capsule according to claim 33 , wherein the N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer is derived from mycelium of a fungus; wherein in said capsule claim 33 , the ratio of the weight of encapsulated material divided by the weight of the capsule wall is at least 8 and the ratio is less than 25; wherein said capsule wall includes:(a) N-acetylglucosamine/glucosamine copolymer or a derivative of such a copolymer;(b) a component (A) or a residue of component (A) after reaction or interaction with material referred to in (a) wherein component (A) is a water-soluble polymer; and(c) a cross-linking moiety which cross-links components in the wall;wherein the ratio of the wt % of components in (a) and (b) is at least 3 and is less than 10.35. A method of making a capsule according to claim 33 , the method comprising an encapsulated material and a capsule wall encapsulating the encapsulated material claim 33 ...

Biological agent for enrichment of anaerobic digestion reactors, method of preparing such biological agent and bio-augmentation process with said agent

Biological agent for bio-augmentation of an anaerobic digestion reactor, named first anaerobic digestion reactor, comprising a mixture of microorganisms including at least 10% of relative abundance in said mixture, of a unique Cloacimonetes sp. This agent is prepared by enrichment of a biological sample in a separate reactor fed with carbohydrate-rich substrate and oxygenated gas. Said agent comprising this unique Cloacimonetes sp. is able to restore and stabilize the biogas production of an anaerobic digestion reactor after acidosis, in a very short time.

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR MICROBIAL CO-CULTURE

Provided herein are compositions and method for producing γ-polyglutamic acid (PGA). In particular, provided herein are bacterial co-culture systems and methods for producing PGA. 1. A method of producing γ-polyglutamic acid (PGA) , comprising:a) contacting a fungus with a first feedstock;b) fermenting said fungus to generate citric acid;{'i': 'Bacillus', 'c) contacting said citric acid from step b) with a sp. and a second feedstock; and'}{'i': 'Bacillus', 'd) fermenting said sp. to generate PGA.'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein one or more of steps a-d) further comprises the addition of one or more of glycerol claim 1 , glutamate claim 1 , or glutamine.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein steps b) and d) are conducted in the same or different bioreactors.4Aspergillus niger, Yarrowia lipolyticaCandida oleophila.. The method of claim 1 , wherein said fungus is claim 1 , or5BacillusBacillus subtilisBacillus licheniformis.. The method of claim 1 , wherein said sp. is or6. The method of claim 5 , wherein said Bacillus subtilis is a strain selected from the group consisting of IFO 3335 claim 5 ,TAM-4 claim 5 , C1 claim 5 , C10 claim 5 , chungkookjang claim 5 , NX-2 claim 5 , MR-141 claim 5 , CGMCC 0833 claim 5 , R23 claim 5 , ER1001 claim 5 , ER1007 claim 5 , and ER1012 claim 5 , and RKY3.7Bacillus licheniformis. The method of claim 5 , wherein said is a strain selected from the group consisting of SAB-26 claim 5 , A35 claim 5 , ATCC 9945 claim 5 , CC 12826 claim 5 , WBL-3 claim 5 , and NCIM 2324.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said citric acid is isolated after said step b).9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said first and second feedstocks are selected from the group consisting of molasses claim 1 , raffinate claim 1 , pomace claim 1 , fruit peels claim 1 , corn starch claim 1 , wheat starch claim 1 , sorghum claim 1 , brewery wastes claim 1 , corn stover claim 1 , spent algae cake claim 1 , and glycerol.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said first and second ...

CO-INCUBATING CONFINED MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES

This invention provides devices and methods that enable co-incubation of microorganisms. Also provided are methods of making such devices for co-incubation of microorganisms, and various applications of such devices. 113-. (canceled)14. A system , comprising:a droplet or a particle with a first and second area, wherein the first area contains a first microorganism and the second area contains a second microorganism, and wherein the areas are separated by a distance x, and wherein the microorganisms are unable to commingle in the droplet or particle.15. The system of claim 14 , further comprising a barrier between the areas.16. The system of claim 14 , wherein the distance x is between about 50 μm and about 500 μm.17. The system of any one of - claim 14 , wherein the droplet or particle is a bead or a gel.18. The system of any one of - claim 14 , which is capable of being ingested by a patient.19. The system of claim 18 , wherein at least one microorganism produces a therapeutic substance in the presence claim 18 , but not absence claim 18 , of at least another microorganism.20. The system of claim 18 , wherein at least one microorganism degrades a undesirable substance in the intestinal tract of the patient in the presence claim 18 , but not absence claim 18 , of at least another microorganism.2127-. (canceled) The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/670,725, filed on Jan. 26, 2010, which is the national phase application of PCT Application No. PCT/US2008/071370, filed Jul. 28, 2008, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/962,426, filed Jul. 26, 2007, and U.S. Ser. No. 61/052,490, filed May 12, 2008, the entireties of all of which are herein incorporated by reference.This invention was made with United States government support under grant number 1 DP1 OD003584-01 awarded by the NIH Director's Pioneer Award program, part of the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. The United States government has ...

CO-CULTIVATION OF PROPIONIBACTERIUM AND YEAST

The invention provides a fungal cell, such as a yeast cell, capable of growing in co-cultivation with Also provided are methods of producing such cells and fermentation processes using the fungal cell of the invention and in co-cultivation. Such co-cultivation significantly reduces the chemical oxygen demand load of the waste fermentation broth. 1propionibacteriumPropionibacterium freudenreichii. A fungal cell capable of growing in a stationary-phase supernatant of a cultivation at a maximum growth rate μof at least 0.02 hwherein said stationary-phase supernatant is obtained from a stationary culture of cultivated without aeration at 35° C. in a liquid medium consisting of 60 g/L sweet whey powder , 5 g/L yeast extract , and 40 mg/L calcium D-pantothenate in water.2. The fungal cell of claim 1 , wherein the fungal cell is a yeast cell.3. The yeast cell deposited on 14 Jan. 2014 at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ) claim 1 , Braunschweig claim 1 , Germany claim 1 , and available under accession number DSM 28271.4propionibacteriumpropionibacterium. Process for producing a biotechnological product claim 1 , said process comprising co-cultivation of and a fungal cell claim 1 , said fungal cell being capable of growing in a stationary-phase supernatant of a cultivation claim 1 , in a cultivation medium.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein said fungal cell is a yeast cell.6. The process of claim 4 , wherein said fungal cell is a fungal cell of any one of to .7propionibacterium.. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein said biotechnological product is produced by said8. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein said biotechnological product is vitamin B12.9. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein said process includes a phase without aeration followed by an aerobic phase.10propionibacterium. The process of any one of to claim 4 , wherein at least 90% of the growth of the [in % gram dry weight] occurs during the phase ...

METHODS AND MATERIALS FOR CULTIVATION AND/OR PROPAGATION OF A PHOTOSYNTHETIC ORGANISM

The present disclosure provides methods and materials for the cultivation and/or propagation of a photosynthetic organism. Such methods may comprise the use of a lamp assembly that comprises a plurality of circuit boards, each comprising at least three edges, arranged in a substantially spherical shape defining an interior lamp assembly volume, wherein the plurality of circuit boards comprise a first planar surface in contact with the interior lamp assembly volume and an opposing second planar surface comprising light emitting diodes (LEDs); and a barrier that surrounds the plurality of circuit boards forming the substantially spherical shape. 1. A photobioreactor for cultivation and/or propagation of a photosynthetic organism comprising:a.) a vessel having a wall defining an interior vessel volume;b.) a lamp assembly positioned within the interior vessel volume, wherein the lamp assembly comprises a light source;c.) a temperature management device or system for providing temperature control of the vessel; andd.) a processor and a controller.23-. (canceled)4. The bioreactor of claim 1 , wherein the vessel further comprises one or more sensors.5. (canceled)6. The bioreactor of claim 1 , wherein the light source comprises LEDs and/or radiation.7. The bioreactor of claim 6 , wherein the radiation is outside the visible spectrum.8. The bioreactor of claim 1 , wherein temperature of the vessel is regulated via temperature regulation of the light source.9. The bioreactor of claim 1 , further comprising one or more power sources.10. The bioreactor of claim 1 , further comprising a circulation system configured to introduce air claim 1 , gases claim 1 , and/or nutrients into the bioreactor and/or circulate the air claim 1 , gases claim 1 , and/or nutrients within the bioreactor.11. The bioreactor of claim 1 , wherein the bioreactor is in operable communication with one or more other vessels.12. The bioreactor of further comprising a cleaning unit.13. A water-submersible ...

Modulated vegetable protein

A modulated protein composition is described with improved flavor properties over a vegetable protein. Methods of making a modulated protein composition including the use of a volatile modulating yeast culture to ferment a vegetable protein to produce the modulated protein composition are described. Also disclosed are a fermented vegetable composition made from a modulated protein composition, and ingredients and foods including a fermented vegetable composition or a modulated protein composition.

INTEGRATED BIOLOGICAL CONVERSION OF GASEOUS SUBSTRATE INTO LIPIDS

A bioconversion scheme is provided that effectively converts syngas, generated from gasification of coal, natural gas or biomass, into lipids that can be used for biodiesel production. 1. A method of converting a gaseous substrate comprising COinto a lipid , comprising{'sub': 2', '2', '2, '(a) culturing a first organism in the presence of the gaseous substrate, under conditions suitable for the first organism to reduce the COin the presence of one or more reducing agents, optionally Hor CO, wherein the organism synthesizes one or more volatile fatty acid(s) by reduction of the CO, and'}(b) culturing a second organism in the presence of the volatile fatty acid(s) produced in (a) under conditions suitable for the organism to convert the volatile fatty acid(s) into lipid.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein (a) and (b) are integrated comprising a continuous processing scheme producing lipid from gas comprising CO.3. The method according to or claim 1 , wherein the gaseous substrate comprises H claim 1 , CO claim 1 , COor a mixture thereof.4. The method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the gaseous substrate comprises a synthesis gas (syngas).5. The method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the volatile fatty acid(s) is acetic acid.6Moorella thermoacetica, Clostridium ljungdahlii, Clostridium carboxidivoransClostridium ragsdalei, Alkalibaculum bacchi, C. autoethanogenum, Clostridium drakei,Butyribacterium methylotrophicum.. The method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the first organism is selected from the group consisting of P7T claim 1 , and7. The method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the first organism captures carbon sourced from carbon dioxide as acetyl-CoA with a rate that is at least 1 g acetic acid/L-hr.8. The method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the first organism captures carbon sourced from carbon dioxide as acetyl-CoA with an efficiency that is at least 92%.9. The method according to any one of ...

SEQUENTIAL CO-CULTURING METHOD FOR PRODUCING A VITAMIN- AND PROTEIN-RICH FOOD PRODUCT

The present invention relates to a method for producing a vitamin- and protein-rich product, to a food product containing the vitamin- and protein-rich product, and to a nutrient medium appropriate for said method on the basis of agricultural tributaries or food tributaries. 1. A method for producing a vitamin- and protein-rich product , comprising the steps:a) Cultivating (fermentation) of at least one species of the division of Basidiomycota submerged in a nutrient medium containing at least one carbohydrate-containing agricultural tributary or food tributary to obtain a first cultivation product;{'i': Propionibacterium', 'Lactobacillus, 'b) Addition of at least one vitamin B12-producing species of the genus and/or of the genus to the first cultivation product; and'}{'i': Propionibacterium', 'Lactobacillus, 'c) Cultivating the at least one species of the genus and/or at least one species of the genus in the first cultivation product to obtain a second cultivation product.'}2Agrocybe aegerita, Pleurotus roseus, Lentinula edodes, Laetiporus sulphureus, Pleurotus sapidus, Stropharia rugosoannulataWolfiporia cocos.. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one species of the division of Basidiomycota is selected from the group consisting of and/or3PropionibacteriumPropionibacterium freudenreichiifreudenreichiiPropionibacterium freudenreichiishermanii.. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one vitamin B12-producing species of the genus is selected from sups. and/or sups.4LactobacillusLactobacillus reuteri.. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one vitamin B12-producing species of the genus is5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first cultivation product has a total biomass in the range of 5 to 45 g/L based on dry mass.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the second cultivation product has a total biomass in the range of 10 to 50 g/L based on dry mass.7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Method of converting marine fish waste to biomethane

Methods employed for the discovery, enrichment, and characterization of a marine consortium of fermentative and methanogenic microorganisms developed from the solid waste digestor of a fully contained, land-based, marine recirculating aquaculture system are described. The methanogenic microbial consortium discovered is capable of reducing over 90% of marine fish waste in an aquaculture system to biomethane and carbon dioxide at saline concentrations found in marine aquaculture. Systems and methods for the treatment of marine fish waste utilizing the methanogenic marine consortium are also disclosed.

Two-Stage Production of Higher Alcohols

Methods and systems for the production of alcohols are described. A two stage process is utilized, where fermentation in a first stage produces an intermediate product, such as an amino acid or organic acid, from a carbon containing feedstock. A second stage produces alcohol by fermentation of this intermediate product. 1. A system for producing branched chain or higher alcohols , the system comprising:a first bioreactor comprising a first biological catalyst system configured to convert a feedstock comprising a carbon source into an amino acid product;a second bioreactor comprising a second biological catalyst system wherein the second bioreactor is configured such that when the amino acid product from the first bioreactor is introduced into the second bioreactor, at least a portion of the amino acid product is converted in the second bioreactor into a branched chain or higher alcohol and a nitrogen containing byproduct;wherein the first biological catalyst system is not capable of producing the branched chain or higher alcohol;wherein the first biological catalyst system comprises at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH, EC No. 1.4.1.9), threonine amino-lyase (ilvA, EC No. 4.3.1.19), acetohydroxy acid isomeroreductase (ilvC, EC No. 1.1.1.86), dihydroxy acid dehydratase (ilvD, No. 4.2.1.9), L-threonine dehydrase (tdcB, EC No. 4.3.1.17), acetolactate synthase (AlsS, EC No. 2.2.1.6), isopropylmalate synthase (LeuA, EC No. 2.3.3.13), isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (LeuB, EC No. 1.1.1.85), lactate dehydrogenase (LdhA, EC No. 1.1.1.27), EC No. 2.6.1.42, and EC number 4.2.1.33; andwherein the second biological catalyst system comprises at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of leucine dehydrogenase (LeuDH, EC No. 1.4.1.9), alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) (YqhD, EC No. 1.1.1.2), alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhP, EC No. 1.1.1.1), lactate dehydrogenase (Ldh, EC No. 1.1.1.27), acetolactate synthase (AlsS, EC No. 2.2.1.6 ...

METHODS FOR PRODUCING MELANIN AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM FERMENTATION LEACHATES

Melanin or inorganic fertilizers are produced from fermentation leachates or from low-cost nutrient-rich solutions. The method for producing the melanin or inorganic fertilizer comprises repetitive trophic cycling in the controlled conditions of primary and secondary bioreactors. Nutrients are cycled between microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast and fungi and black soldier fly larvae, . Polysaccharides are partly converted into natural melanins or inorganic fertilizer, which are difficult to biodegrade and hence accumulate in the bioreactors. The method can employ, as a source of nutrients, leachates produced from food waste or from sugar-rich liquid waste of the food industry. These leachates can be used raw or can be augmented with low-cost sugar-rich solutions such as molasses, hydrolyzed cellulose or starch. The method is inexpensive and does not require the use of expensive chemically-defined culture media. 1. A method for producing a secondary leachate for use in producing inorganic fertilizer from the secondary leachate comprising the steps of:{'i': 'Lactobacillus', '(a) providing a primary processing bioreactor, a fermentation medium and a microbial culture comprising microorganisms, wherein the microorganisms in the microbial culture comprise bacteria;'}(b) fermenting the fermentation medium with the microbial culture in the primary processing bioreactor, thereby producing a primary leachate, wherein the primary leachate comprises microorganisms derived from the microbial culture and/or naturally occurring microorganisms acquired during the fermentation step;(c) isolating or removing the primary leachate from the primary processing bioreactor;{'i': 'Hermetia illucens', '(d) providing the primary leachate isolated or removed from the primary processing bioreactor, a secondary processing bioreactor, (black soldier fly) larvae (BSFL), and a cellulose-based substrate;'}(e) culturing the BSFL in an aerated culture with the primary leachate isolated or removed ...

Method for preparing vanillin by fermentation with eugenol as substrate

The present disclosure discloses a method for preparing vanillin by fermentation with eugenol as a substrate, preparing vanillin by a mixed fermentation of Penicillium simplicissimum OMK-68 and Bacillus sp. OMK-69, its potency reached 35 g/L, the mass conversion rate of eugenol reaches 83.3%. Penicillium simplicissimum OMK-68 in the present disclosure can use eugenol as a substrate for fermentation to prepare coniferyl alcohol, and its fermentation effect and substrate utilization rate are far better than wild-type Penicillium simplicissimum. The Bacillus sp. OMK-69 in the present disclosure can use coniferyl alcohol as a substrate for fermentation to prepare vanillin, and its fermentation effect and substrate utilization rate are far better than wild-type Bacillus sp.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOLS UNDER AEROBIC CONDITIONS AND PRODUCT EXTRACTION USING OLEYL ALCOHOL

The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one alcohol from a carbon source, the method comprising: (a) producing the alcohol in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions; and (b) extracting the alcohol from step (a) from the aqueous medium by: (bi) contacting the alcohol in the aqueous medium with at least one extracting medium for a time sufficient to extract the alcohol from the aqueous medium into the extracting medium, (bii) separating the extracting medium with the extracted alcohol from the aqueous medium wherein the extracting medium comprises:—oleyl alcohol; or—polypropylene glycol and an alkane wherein the alcohol comprises at least 3 carbon atoms. 1. A method of producing at least one alcohol from a carbon source , the method comprising:(a) producing the alcohol in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions; and (bi) contacting the alcohol in the aqueous medium with at least one extracting medium for a time sufficient to extract the alcohol from the aqueous medium into the extracting medium, and', '(bii) separating the extracting medium with the extracted alcohol from the aqueous medium,, '(b) extracting the alcohol from (a) from the aqueous medium bywherein the extracting medium comprises oleyl alcohol,the alcohol comprises at least 3 carbon atoms, and{'sub': '2', 'the carbon source comprises CO and/or CO.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is propanol and (a) comprises a first acetogenic microorganism in an exponential growth phase;', 'free oxygen; and', 'a second acetogenic microorganism in a stationary phase,, '(ai) contacting the carbon source with a reaction mixture comprising'}wherein the first and second acetogenic microorganisms are capable of converting the carbon source to the acetate and/or ethanol; and(aii) contacting the acetate and/or ethanol from (ai) with a third microorganism capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to the propanol in the aqueous medium.3. The method according to claim ...

TWO PHASE SUSTAINABLE PHOTOPRODUCTION VIA CO-CULTIVATION OF ENCAPSULATED, CARBOHYDRATE-PRODUCING CYANOBACTERIA

Described herein are cyanobacteria encapsulated in hydrogels. Also described herein are consortia that include encapsulated cyanobacteria and heterotrophic microbes. The encapsulated cyanobacteria can be autotrophic and can provide nutrients to the heterotrophic microbes, which can utilize the nutrients to grow and produce useful products. 1. A consortium comprising a population of heterotrophic microbes and a population of the cyanobacterial cells , where the cyanobacterial cells are modified to express a sucrose/proton symporter , and where the cyanobacterial cells are encapsulated in a hydrogel.2. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the cyanobacteria are encapsulated.3. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the cyanobacteria are encapsulated into hydrogel beads.4Synechocystis, Synechococcus, Thermosynechococcus, Nostoc, Prochlorococcu, Microcystis, Anabaena, SpirulinaGloeobacter cyanobacteria.. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the cyanobacteria are claim 1 , or5. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microbes comprise at least one type of bacteria claim 1 , fungi claim 1 , algae claim 1 , or a combination thereof.6. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein at least one type of the heterotrophic microbes comprises a transgene or expression cassette encoding a heterologous enzyme.7. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein at least one type of the heterotrophic microbes expresses a heterologous enzyme.8. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microbes comprise microbes that synthesize a product or metabolize an environmental toxin or metabolize an environmental pollutant.9. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microbes comprise a strain of bacteria that can utilize sugar produced by the cyanobacteria as a carbon source.10. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microbes transgenically express one or more types of enzymes.11. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein the heterotrophic microbes comprise microbes that ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN, METHANE, VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS, AND ALCOHOLS FROM ORGANIC MATERIAL

A method for producing H, methane, VFAs and alcohols from organic material, including the steps of introducing organic material and microorganisms into a completely mixed bioreactor for producing H, C0, VFAs, and alcohols; recovering H2 and C02; recovering a first liquid effluent including microorganisms, VFAs, and alcohols; introducing the first liquid effluent into a gravity settler for separating into a first biomass including microorganisms and a second liquid effluent including VFAs, alcohols and microorganisms; introducing the second liquid effluent into a separation module for separating into a second biomass including microorganisms and a third liquid effluent including VFAs and alcohols; recovering at least a portion of the third liquid effluent; and providing a recovered biomass by recovering at least a portion of the first biomass, the second biomass, or both, and introducing the recovered biomass into a biomethanator for production of CHand C0. 1. A method for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation of organic material , comprising the steps of:{'sub': 2', '2, 'conducting ABE fermentation of the organic material in a completely mixed bioreactor to produce acetone, butanol, ethanol (ABE), volatile fatty acids, Hand CO;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'recovering at least a portion of the Hand of the COfrom the completely mixed bioreactor;'}maintaining a biomass concentration in the completely mixed bioreactor; andproducing methane in a biomethanator from biomass extracted from effluent of the ABE fermentation step;{'sub': 2', '2, 'wherein the ABE fermentation step includes introducing organic material and ABE producing microorganisms into a completely mixed bioreactor and controlling a pH of the completely mixed bioreactor to maintain the pH at 3.5-5.5 for breaking down the organic material into products including acetone, butanol, ethanol (ABE), volatile fatty acids, Hand CO;'}the step of maintaining a biomass concentration includes recovering a first liquid ...

Simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of glucoamylase-expressing fungal strains with an ethanologen to produce alcohol from corn

A conversion process provides using different co-cultured cell lines to express different sets of enzymes catalyzing the same process. For example, in a Simultaneous Saccharification and Co-Fermentation (SSCF) process, a starch substrate is converted to alcohol by contacting the substrate with yeast and Aspergillus niger cells. Because A. niger expresses an endogenous glucoamylase and alpha-amylase, these enzymes do not need to be added during the SSCF process.

Cosmetic Compositions and Method of Making the Same

The present invention generally relates to cosmetic compositions comprising serum derived from cultured keratinocyte and fibroblast cells. The invention also relates to methods of producing serum for use in the cosmetic compositions through novel cell culture techniques. 1. A cosmetic composition comprising water , vitamin C , vitamin A , and KFS comprising a compound mixture secreted by keratinocytes and fibroblasts in culture and substantially excluding other cell types.2. The composition of wherein said KFS comprises about 10% by volume of the composition.3Helianthus Annuusprunus amygoalus dulcis. The composition of further comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of cetearyl alcohol claim 1 , ceteareth-20 claim 1 , glycerin claim 1 , seed oil claim 1 , Butyrospermum Parkii claim 1 , glyceryl monostearate claim 1 , coconut oil claim 1 , oil claim 1 , cetyl alcohol claim 1 , phenoxetol claim 1 , vitamin B claim 1 , sodium citrate claim 1 , and carbomer.4. The composition of further comprising one or more keratinocyte and fibroblast secreted growth factors selected from the group consisting of fibronectin claim 1 , laminin claim 1 , collagen claim 1 , nidogen claim 1 , vinculin claim 1 , decorin claim 1 , moesin claim 1 , plastin-3 or lumican.5. The composition of further comprising a medium to carry the KFS selected from the group consisting of an aqueous solution claim 1 , suspension claim 1 , dispersion claim 1 , salve claim 1 , ointment claim 1 , gel claim 1 , cream claim 1 , lotion claim 1 , spray and paste.6. The composition of wherein said keratinocytes and fibroblasts are isolated from human neonatal foreskin.7. A method of producing KFS to use in cosmetic or dermatological preparations comprising the steps of harvesting epithelial cells claim 1 , culturing the epithelial cells in a culture container containing a predetermined volume of media with exogenous growth factor but without porcine or bovine product until keratinocytes ...

SOLARGAS SYSTEM OPERATED IN MULTIPLE MODES

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing biogas in a combined fermenter, in the first section () of which organic material is produced by phototrophic microorganisms () using atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen, said organic material being used to produce biomethane by means of methanogens () in a second section (). The fermenter is operated in multiple modes and using special gassing and degassing methods such that an optimal gas supply corresponding to the requirements of the respective microorganisms and preferably also the absorption or the use of atmospheric carbon dioxide is ensured. 112345324. A method for producing biogas in a combined fermenter , in which phototrophic microorganisms () in a first section () produce organic material , in particular glycolic acid from carbon dioxide and oxygen , and secrete it into a medium () (production mode) which is fed into a second section () in which methanogens () produce biomethane and carbon dioxide therefrom under anoxic conditions , characterized in that the medium () is degassed to remove oxygen during the transition from the first section () to the second section () and is regassed with oxygen during return (exchange mode).24. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that claim 1 , while contact to the second section () is interrupted claim 1 ,{'b': '3', 'the medium () is degassed to remove oxygen and is gassed with air from the environment during return;'}{'b': '1', 'the air is then used by the phototrophic microorganisms () for carbon assimilation (regeneration mode);'}{'b': '3', 'the medium () is then degassed to remove air and gassed with oxygen during return.'}332. The method according to or claim 1 , characterized in that the ratio of carbon dioxide to oxygen in the medium () located in the first section () is low claim 1 , preferably 1:800 to 1:3000 claim 1 , in the production mode.4324. The method according to any one of the preceding claims claim 1 , characterized in that ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING METHANE BY MEANS OF AEROBIC CO-CULTURE OF ANAEROBIC MICRO-ORGANISMS

The present invention relates to the biological production of methane (Biogas) by co-culture in an aerobic atmosphere of a methanogenic bacterium and of an anaerobic bacterium capable of producing hydrogen, in a culture medium comprising or being supplemented with carbohydrate compound(s), notably starch and/or sugars, and supplemented with antioxidant compound(s). 115-. (canceled)16. A method for producing methane gas , the method comprising:co-culturing, in a reactor under an aerobic atmosphere, at least:a first microorganism that is an anaerobic bacterium capable to produce hydrogen by fermentation in the presence of at least one of a substrate and a culture medium comprising or supplemented with a carbohydrate, anda second microorganism that is a methanogenic Archaea capable to produce methane from hydrogen and from at least one of a substrate and a culture medium comprising, or supplemented with, a carbohydrate, andan organic and mineral substrate comprising components of culture media able to allow the cultivation of both said first and said second microorganisms, said culture medium comprising, or being supplemented with, a carbohydrate and further being supplemented with an antioxidant compound.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the cultivation of said first microorganism is first carried out in said substrate claim 16 , and said second microorganism is introduced after said first microorganism has produced fermentation products and hydrogen.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said antioxidant compound is selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid claim 16 , uric acid claim 16 , and glutathion.19Methanobrevibacter, Methanosphaera, Methanomassiliicoccus, Methanobacterium, MethanococcusMethanosaeta.. The method according to claim 16 , wherein said second microorganism is a genus selected from the group consisting of claim 16 , and20Methanobrevibacter smithii, Methanobrevibacter oralis, Methanosphaera stadtmanae, ...

Method for producing functional substance

An object of the present invention is to a method for producing a functional substance utilizing a reaction requiring hydrogen, which production method is safe and efficient; and this object is achieved by a method for producing a functional substance utilizing a reaction requiring hydrogen, the method comprising: supplying the hydrogen by culturing of a hydrogen-producing microorganism.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING BUTYRIC ACID AND/OR ITS SALTS

A method for producing butyric acid and/or a butyrate is provided, wherein the method comprises fermenting a saccharide-containing substrate in the presence of a first strain and a second strain, wherein the first strain is a butyric acid bacterium and the second strain is at least one of a homofermentative lactic acid bacterium and a facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium. 1. A method for producing butyric acid and/or a butyrate , comprising fermenting a saccharide-containing substrate in the presence of a first strain and a second strain , wherein the first strain is a butyric acid bacterium and the second strain is at least one of a homofermentative lactic acid bacterium and a facultative heterofermentative lactic acid bacterium.2Clostridium. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first strain is sp.3Clostridium tyrobutyricum.. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first strain is4Clostridium tyrobutyricumClostridium tyrobutyricum. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first strain is at least one of DSM 27751 and ATCC 25755.5LactobacillusLactococcusSporolactobacillusBacillus. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second strain is as least one of sp. claim 1 , sp. claim 1 , sp. claim 1 , and sp.6Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus bulgaricusi, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus coagulansSporolactobacillus inulinus.. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second strain is as least one of claim 1 , and7Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus bulgaricusi, Lactococcus lactisSporolactobacillus inulinus.. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second strain is as least one of claim 1 , and8Clostridium tyrobutyricumLactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus plantarum, ...

Method of producing higher alcohols

The present invention relates to a reaction mixture and a method of producing at least one higher alcohol comprising a reaction mixture comprising a mixed culture of a first and a second microorganism in an aqueous medium comprising carbon monoxide gas, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source to acetate and/or ethanol; and the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium kluyveri , and C. Carboxidivorans capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to form an acid; wherein the first microorganism is further capable of converting the acid to the corresponding higher alcohol and the higher alcohol comprises at least 6 carbon atoms.

MICROBIAL PRETREATMENT FOR CONVERSION OF BIOMASS INTO BIOGAS

A system for degrading biomass with anaerobic digestion that includes a biological pretreatment with organisms that break down lignocellulosic materials before anaerobic digestion or for use as feedstock for other reactions. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. (canceled)24. (canceled)25. (canceled)26. (canceled)27. (canceled)28. (canceled)29. (canceled)30. (canceled)31. (canceled)32. (canceled)33. A method of converting biomass into biogas , comprising:treating biomass in an ASB environment with anaerobic organisms that solubilize and metabolize components of the biomass; andtreating the treated biomass from the ASB environment in an AD environment with anaerobic bacteria and archea that convert products from the ASB environment into biogas under anaerobic digestive conditions.34. The method of claim 33 , wherein the ASB environment is separate from the AD environment as part of a two compartment system.35. The method of claim 33 , further comprising:mixing and heating the biomass with water before treating the biomass in the ASB environment to mitigate pH changes and reduce oxygen concentration in an the ASB environment.36. The method of claim 33 , further comprising:recycling bicarbonate or other base produced in the AD environment to the ASB environment.37. The method of claim 33 , further comprising:separating at least a portion of the ASB treated biomass to be purified and used for another process.38. The method of claim 33 , further comprising:separating at least a portion of the ASB treated biomass to be used as one or more precursors for synthetic processes rather than anaerobic digestion.39. The method of claim 33 , further comprising:separating at least a portion of the treated biomass from the ...

A method of producing mixed microbial cultures

The invention relates to a method of propagating a mixture of two or more different micro-organism phenotypes, said method comprising the steps of: a) inoculating an aqueous culture medium with an inoculum comprising at least two different micro-organism phenotypes; b) mixing the inoculated aqueous medium with fat to produce a water-in-oil emulsion; c) incubating the emulsion at an incubation temperature in the range of 20-60° C. for at least 2 hours; d) heating the incubated emulsion to a temperature that is at least 5° C. above the incubation temperature to cause phase separation of the emulsion; e) repeating the cycle of steps a) to d) at a larger scale using viable cells contained in the aqueous phase of the phase separated emulsion as the inoculum; and f) collecting the propagated mixture of the two or more different micro-organism phenotypes wherein the fat has a solid fat content at the incubation temperature (N Tc ) of at least 5 wt. %. The method according to the invention enables industrial scale production of mixed microbial cultures starting from an inoculum containing a mixture of micro-organisms with no, or only minor population variation during propagation, even if the inoculum contains both fast and slow growing micro-organisms.

INCLINED REACTOR OF BOTTOM GAS-INLET TYPE FOR AEROBIC FERMENTATION AND METHOD FOR AEROBIC FERMENTATION

An inclined reactor of bottom gas-inlet type for aerobic fermentation and a method for aerobic fermentation are provided, a fermenter is provided with a circular inner tank, end covers and a jacket; an airtight fermentation space is formed in the fermenter by the inner tank, an upper end cover and a lower end cover; a feed opening and an exhaust outlet are arranged at an upper part of the fermenter, and a discharge opening is arranged at a lower part of the lower end cover of the fermenter; a length of the fermenter is greater than or equal to a diameter of the fermenter, the fermenter is fixed on a base having a height difference and is hence in an inclined state; an energy-saving stirrer is mounted in the fermenter, and the energy-saving stirrer is formed by connecting several groups of tangential plates or a spiral combination of tangential plates, a radial rod, a stirring rod and a stirring shaft; several groups of air chambers are arranged at an external wall at the bottom of the inner tank of the fermenter, the air chambers are arranged inside the jacket, several aeration nozzles are defined on an inner side of each air chamber, and the aeration nozzles are close to the inner tank. 1. An inclined reactor of bottom gas-inlet type for aerobic fermentation , wherein a fermenter is provided with a circular inner tank , end covers and a jacket; an airtight fermentation space is formed in the fermenter by the inner tank , an upper end cover and a lower end cover; a feed opening and an exhaust outlet are arranged at an upper part of the fermenter , and a discharge opening is arranged at a lower part of the lower end cover of the fermenter; a length of the fermenter is greater than or equal to a diameter of the fermenter; the fermenter is fixed on a base having a height difference and is hence in an inclined state; an energy-saving stirrer is mounted in the fermenter , and the energy-saving stirrer is formed by connecting several groups of tangential plates or a ...

CO-INCUBATING CONFINED MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES

Provided herein are devices and methods that enable co-incubation of microorganisms. Also provided are methods of making such devices for co-incubation of microorganisms, and various applications of such devices. 127.-. (canceled)28. A method to detect viability of cells of a microorganism , the method comprising:providing a sample solution containing cells of the microorganism; at least one antibiotic set of plugs comprising cells of the microorganism and an antibiotic, each plug comprising a cell or no cell of the microorganism and the antibiotic, and', 'at least one control set of plugs comprising cells of the microorganism, each plug comprising a cell or no cell of the microorganism;, 'generating sets of plugs from the sample solution in a microfluidic device, the sets of plugs comprising'}incubating the sets plugs for a period of time; anddetecting viability of the cells of the microorganism in the sets of plugs.29. The method of claim 28 , wherein the sets of plugs comprise plugs with no cell of the microorganism.30. The method of claim 28 , wherein the sets of plugs comprise plugs with a single cell of the microorganism.31. The method of claim 28 , wherein the period of time is less than 3 hours.32. The method of claim 28 , wherein each plug of the sets of plugs further comprises a viability indicator.33. The method of claim 28 , wherein each plug of the sets of plugs further comprises a carrier fluid.34. The method of claim 28 , wherein the carrier fluid is immiscible with the sample solution.35. The method of claim 28 , wherein the at least one antibiotic set of plugs comprises a plurality of antibiotic sets of plugs each comprising a different antibiotic.36. The method of claim 28 , wherein the antibiotic is selected from a beta-lactam; a cephalosporin claim 28 , a fluoroquinolone claim 28 , and a macrolide..37. The method of claim 36 , wherein the antibiotic is selected from ampicillin claim 36 , oxacillin claim 36 , cefoxitin claim 36 , levofloxacin ...

Two phase sustainable photoproduction via co-cultivation of encapsulated, carbohydrate-producing cyanobacteria

Described herein are cyanobacteria encapsulated in hydrogels. Also described herein are consortia that include encapsulated cyanobacteria and heterotrophic microbes. The encapsulated cyanobacteria can be autotrophic and can provide nutrients to the heterotrophic microbes, which can utilize the nutrients to grow and produce useful products.

Symbiotic Fermentation of Acinetobacter and Bacillus and Applications Thereof

The subject invention provides microbe-based products and efficient methods of producing them. In specific embodiments, methods are provided for symbiotic cultivation of RAG1 and B1, as well as growth by-products thereof. Methods are also provided for using the subject microbe-based products, for example, in microbially enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). 1. A method of co-cultivating a first microorganism and a second microorganism to produce cellular biomass and/or one or more growth by-products , the method comprising:inoculating a fermentation system with the first and second microorganisms;providing the fermentation system with a carbon source; andincubating the first and second microorganisms using the fermentation system until a desired amount of cellular biomass and/or a desired amount of the one or more growth by-products has been produced,{'i': Acinetobacter', 'Bacillus., 'wherein the first microorganism is a strain of and the second microorganism is a strain of'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carbon source is selected from glucose claim 1 , glycerol claim 1 , isopropyl alcohol and ethanol.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the carbon source is glucose.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the growth by-products are one or more biosurfactants and/or one or more biopolymers.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the one or more biosurfactants comprise surfactin.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the one or more biopolymers comprise emulsan.7AcinetobacterA. venetianusBacillusB. subtilis. The method of claim 1 , wherein the strain of is “RAG1” and the strain of is “B1.”8AcinetobacterBacillus. A composition for enhancing oil recovery comprising a strain of and a strain of claim 1 , and/or growth by-products thereof.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein the growth by-products comprise surfactin and emulsan.10AcinetobacterBacillus. The composition claim 8 , according to claim 8 , wherein the strain of is RAG1 and the strain of is B1. This application claims the ...

Laccase producing composition

The present invention provides a novel method for improving microbial laccase production, which relates to the field of microbial fermentation. The present invention is to add β-carotene and other types of carotenoids, or microorganisms that producing carotenoids, or mixture comprising carotenoids into fermentation system during fermentation of Pleurotus ferulae and other higher fungi. The present invention can improve the laccase production for 12 times than before. With the advantages of simple process and high yield, the present invention has a bright application prospect.

BACTERIAL COCULTURES EXPRESSING A BACTERIOCIN SYSTEM

The present disclosure concerns a co-culture of bacterial cells for making a fermented product from a biomass. The co-culture comprising a first recombinant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cell expressing at least one bacteriocin and a second recombinant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cell capable of converting, at least in part, the biomass into the fermented product. The second recombinant LAB cell is immune to the bacteriocin produced by the first recombinant LAB cell. The co-culture can be used, optionally in combination with a yeast host cell, to make a fermented product. The present disclosure also provides processes for making the fermented product by using the co-culture as wells kits and media comprising the co-culture. 1. A co-culture of lactic acid bacterial cells for making a fermented product from a biomass , the co-culture comprising: one or more first heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding one or more polypeptide for converting, at least in part, the biomass into the fermented product;', 'optionally one or more second heterologous nucleic acid molecules encoding the at least one bacteriocin and/or the further bacteriocin and one or more polypeptide for conferring immunity against the at least one bacteriocin and/or the further bacteriocin; and, 'a first recombinant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cell expressing at least one bacteriocin and optionally a further bacteriocin, wherein the first recombinant LAB cell comprisesa second recombinant LAB cell capable of converting, at least in part, the biomass into the fermented product, wherein the second recombinant LAB comprises:one or more third heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding one or more polypeptide for converting, at least in part, the biomass into the fermented product; andone or more fourth heterologous nucleic acid molecule encoding one or more polypeptide for conferring immunity against the at least one bacteriocin and/or the further bacteriocin expressed by the first recombinant LAB cell.2. The ...

Method for Fermenting Rosa sterilis var. leioclada

A method for fermenting var. includes providing a fruit sample of var. . A strain, a strain and a strain are mixed in a cell number ratio of 0.3-1:0.2-0.9:1-1.8 to form a microbial mixture. The fruit sample of var. is then fermented by the microbial mixture at 22-33° C. for 6-15 days to obtain a fermented juice. A total concentration of the strain, the strain and the strain in the mixture solution containing the microbial mixture and the fruit sample of var. is between 1.5×10and 3.5×10CFU/mL. 1Rosa sterilisleioclada. A method for fermenting var. , comprising:{'i': Rosa sterilis', 'leioclada;, 'providing a fruit sample of var.'}{'i': Lactobacillus casei', 'Bifidobacterium longum', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Lactobacillus casei', 'Bifidobacterium longum', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 'mixing a strain, a strain and a strain to form a microbial mixture, wherein a cell number ratio of the strain, the strain and the strain is 0.3-1:0.2-0.9:1-1.8;'}{'i': Rosa sterilis', 'leioclada', 'Lactobacillus casei', 'Bifidobacterium longum', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Rosa sterilis', 'leioclada, 'sup': 7', '7, 'fermenting the fruit sample of var. by the microbial mixture at 22-33° C. for 6-15 days to obtain a fermented juice, wherein a total concentration of the strain, the strain and the strain in a mixture solution containing the microbial mixture and the fruit sample of var. is between 1.5×10and 3.5×10CFU/mL.'}2Rosa sterilisleiocladaLactobacillus caseiBifidobacterium longumSaccharomyces cerevisiae. The method for fermenting var. as claimed in claim 1 , wherein a strain BCRC 10697 claim 1 , a strain BCRC 14604 and a strain BCRC 20579 are mixed to form the microbial mixture.3Rosa sterilisleiocladaRosa sterilisleioclada. The method for fermenting var. as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fruit sample of var. is fermented by the microbial mixture at 28° C.4Rosa sterilisleiocladaRosa sterilisleioclada. The method for fermenting var. as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the fruit sample of ...

Method of Producing Organic Compounds

There is provided a mixed culture of a first and second microorganism in an aqueous medium, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source comprising CO and/or COto acetate and/or ethanol, the second microorganism is a non-acetogenic microorganism capable of metabolising acetate and/or ethanol and the first and second microorganisms are in a homogenous mixture and wherein the aqueous medium comprises oxygen. There is also provided a method of producing substituted and/or unsubstituted organic compounds using the mixed culture. 1. A mixed culture of a first and second microorganism in an aqueous medium , wherein:{'sub': '2', 'the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source comprising CO and/or COto acetate and/or ethanol;'}the second microorganism is a non-acetogenic microorganism capable of metabolising acetate and/or ethanol;the first and second microorganisms are in a homogenous mixture,and wherein the aqueous medium comprises oxygen.2. The culture of claim 1 , wherein the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of: aerotolerant microorganisms; facultative anaerobes; and aerobic microorganisms.3. The culture of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous medium comprises oxygen at a range of 0.1 to 1.5 mg/l.4. The culture of claim 1 , wherein the carbon source comprises at least 50% by weight of CO and/or CO.5Acetoanaerobium noteraAcetonema longumAcetobacterium carbinolicumAcetobacterium malicumAcetobacterium, Acetobacterium wieringaeAcetobacterium woodiiAlkalibaculum bacchiArchaeoglobus fulgidusBlautia productaButyribacterium methylotrophicumClostridium aceticumClostridium autoethanogenumClostridium carboxidivoransClostridium coskatiiClostridium drakeiClostridium formicoaceticumClostridium glycolicumClostridium ljungdahliiClostridium ljungdahliiClostridium ljungdahliiClostridium ljungdahliiClostridium mayombeiClostridium methoxybenzovoransClostridium ...

POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE PRODUCTION METHOD

Embodiments of the invention relate generally to processes for the production and processing of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from carbon sources. In several embodiments, PHAs are produced at high efficiencies from carbon-containing gases or materials.

System and method for efficiently growing algae using fungus

A new method of using fungus to assist the growth of algae.

BIOFUEL AND ELECTRICITY PRODUCING FUEL CELLS AND SYSTEMS AND METHODS RELATED TO SAME

A fuel cell comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a reference electrode electronically connected to each other; a first biocatalyst comprising a consolidated bioprocessing organism (e.g., a cellulomonad or or related strains, such as (Cuda), (Clen), (), (), alcohol-tolerant , alcohol-tolerant Cuda, and combinations thereof) capable of fermenting biomass (e.g., cellulosic biomass or glycerin-containing biomass) to produce a fermentation byproduct; and a second biocatalyst comprising an electricigen (e.g., ) capable of transferring substantially all the electrons in the fermentation byproduct (e.g., hydrogen, one or more organic acids, or a combination thereof) to the anode electrode to produce electricity is disclosed. Systems and methods related thereto are also disclosed.

POLYHYDROXYALKANOATE PRODUCTION METHOD

Embodiments of the invention relate generally to processes for the production and processing of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from carbon sources. In several embodiments, PHAs are produced at high efficiencies from carbon-containing gases or materials. 1. A biological composition comprising carbon-utilizing methanotrophic microorganisms having an intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) concentration greater than 70% by weight.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said intracellular PHA concentration is greater than 75% by weight.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein said intracellular PHA concentration is greater than 80% by weight.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein said intracellular PHA concentration is greater than 85% by weight.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein said intracellular PHA concentration is greater than 90% by weight.6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein said intracellular PHA concentration is greater than 95% by weight.7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said carbon-utilizing methanotrophic microorganisms utilize a carbon containing gas as a source of carbon.8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein said carbon containing gas contains methane.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein said carbon containing gas is methane.10. The composition of claim 7 , wherein said carbon containing gas contains carbon dioxide.11. The composition of claim 10 , wherein said carbon containing gas is carbon-dioxide.12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said carbon-utilizing methanotrophic microorganisms utilize PHA-reduced biomass as a source of carbon.13. A biological culture comprising methane-utilizing methanotrophic microorganisms having an overall intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) concentration greater than 70% and less than 95% by weight of the dry weight of said microorganisms.14. The biological culture of claim 13 , wherein said PHA concentration greater than 75% and less than 95% by weight.15. The biological culture of claim 13 , ...

Compositions and Methods for the Conversion of Short-Chained Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols Using Clostridial Enzymes

The invention relates to the fields of bacterial metabolism and the utilization or consumption of short-chain carboxylic acids to reduced products. Specifically, it relates to syngas fermentations using monocultures of syngas-utilizing homoacetogenic bacteria for the production of alcohols using native alcohol dehydrogenase.

Novel Proteins from Anaerobic Fungi and Uses Thereof

Provided herein are novel proteins and protein domains from newly discovered anaerobic fungal species. The anaerobic fungal species have unique enzymatic capabilities, including the ability to digest diverse lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks and to synthesize secondary metabolites. The scope of the invention encompasses novel engineered proteins comprising glycoside hydrolase enzymes, dockerin domains, carbohydrate binding domains, and polyketide synthase enzymes. The invention further encompasses artificial cellulosomes comprising novel proteins and domains of the invention. The scope of the invention further includes novel nucleic acid sequences coding for the engineered proteins of the invention, and methods of using such engineered organisms to degrade lignocellulosic biomass and to create polyketides. 1. A hydrogen producing organism , wherein the hydrogen producing organism expresses a glycoside hydrolase protein comprising at least one protein selected from SEQ ID NO: 14960-14965 , SEQ ID NO: 23419-24480 , SEQ ID NO: 24486-24572 , SEQ ID NO: 24533-24684 , SEQ ID NO: 24652-24975 , SEQ ID NO: 25173-25222 , and SEQ ID NO: 25332-25506.2Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zymomonas mobilis, Escherichia coli, Clostridium thermocellum. The hydrogen producing organism according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen producing organism is selected from the group consisting of claim 1 , and a fungal species.3. The hydrogen producing organism according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen producing organism further comprises one or more catalytic enzymes capable of digesting lignocellulosic biomass.4. The hydrogen producing organism according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen producing organism is combined into a co-culture with a lignocellulosic biomass organism comprising at least one or more catalytic enzymes capable of digesting lignocellulosic biomass in a bioreactor vessel.5. The hydrogen producing organism according to claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen producing organism further ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A DYED BIOPOLYMER AND PRODUCTS THEREOF

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a dyed biopolymer comprising the steps of providing at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism, providing at least one dye-producing microorganism, culturing said at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism to produce at least a biopolymer, and culturing said dye-producing microorganism wherein said dye-producing microorganism produce at least a dye suitable to dye at least part of said biopolymer, whereby a dyed biopolymer is obtained. The present invention also relates to a dyed biopolymer, to process for the production of a dyed composite article comprising at least the dyed biopolymer and to articles comprising the dyed biopolymer. 14. A process for the production of a dyed biopolymer () comprising the following steps:{'b': '2', 'providing at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism (),'}{'b': '3', 'providing at least one dye-producing microorganism (),'}{'b': 2', '4, 'culturing said at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism () to produce at least a biopolymer () and'}{'b': 3', '4', '4, 'culturing said dye-producing microorganism () wherein said dye-producing microorganism produce at least a dye suitable to dye at least part of said biopolymer (), whereby a dyed biopolymer () is obtained.'}2234. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism () and said at least one dye-producing microorganism () are cultured together claim 1 , whereby a dyed biopolymer () is obtained.3243444. Process according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one biopolymer-producing microorganism () is cultured to produce said biopolymer () and wherein said at least one dye-producing microorganism () is provided to said biopolymer () and cultured to produce at least a dye to dye at least part of said biopolymer () claim 1 , whereby a dyed biopolymer () is obtained.4. A dyed biopolymer obtainable with a process according to54. A process for the production of a dyed ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MICROBIAL PROBIOTIC BIOFILMS AND USES THEREOF

The present invention relates to a method for producing microbial probiotic biofilms and their uses in the biomedical, industrial, food and environmental field. 1. A method for producing a probiotic biofilm , comprising the following steps:{'i': Bifidobacterium', 'Lactobacillus, 'sup': 6', '9, 'a) co-inoculation of a combination of at least two probiotic bacterial strains belonging to the genus and at a concentration comprised between 10-10CFU/ml on the surface of a solid support pretreated with a culture medium or into a liquid medium;'}b) co-culturing the two probiotic bacterial strains for a time period comprised between 24-72 hours in the absence or in the lack of nutrients at a temperature comprised between 12-18° C.2Bifidobacterium infantisLactobacillus reuteri. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 1 , wherein said at least two probiotic bacterial strains are (DSM20088) and (DSM20016).3. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 1 , wherein step a) of co-inoculation is carried out on the surface of a solid support made of a material selected from the group consisting of glass claim 1 , steel claim 1 , ceramic claim 1 , polymers claim 1 , paper and resin.4. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 1 , wherein step a) of co-inoculation is carried out at a concentration of 10CFU/ml and step b) of co-culture is carried out for a period of 48 hours at a temperature of 15° C.5. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 3 , wherein said polymers are selected among polyethylene claim 3 , polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene.6. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 3 , wherein said resin is made of polycarbonate claim 3 , preferably of Lexan®.7. The method for producing a probiotic biofilm according to claim 1 , wherein said co-culture of step b) in lack of nutrients is carried out in the presence of bacteriological peptone 1%.8. A probiotic film ...

Mixed bacteria producing biosurfactant and its screening method

Embodiments of the invention relate to a mixed bacteria producing surfactant and its screening method. According to at least one embodiment, there is provided a mixed bacteria producing biosurfactant composed of three kinds of strains: Pseudomonas stutzeri with preservation No. CCTCC AB 205091, Nocardioides ginsengagri with preservation No. CCTCC S2013441, and Bacillus licheniformis with preservation No. CCTCC AB 205141. The mixed bacteria is obtained by choosing the bacterial strain for oil production awaiting screening, activating and culturing it, getting the fermentation liquid in primary screen with blood plate method, and re-screening fermentation liquid in primary screen with oil drain method. This mixed bacteria synthesizes the advantages of the three strain, thus producing a biosurfactant to enhance oil recovery in the oilfield. The screening method of this mixed bacteria has a broad scope of applications, which effectively reduce the screening cost with high accuracy, provides strong selectivity, is a convenient process and easy to operate, and has a shorter cycle compared with the current technology.

Methods for conversion of food waste to chemical products

Aspects of the invention relate to methods for producing lactic acid from organic waste, comprising contacting organic waste with a microbial community to form a fermentation mixture, and fermenting the fermentation mixture under controlled pH and temperature conditions for a time sufficient to produce lactic acid.

LIPID BIOSYNTHESIS AND ABIOTIC STRESS RESILIENCE IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC ORGANISMS

This application describes consortium between fungi and algae, where the algae are incorporated within hyphae of the fungi. The fungi, the algae, or both can be modified to express heterologous lipid synthesizing enzymes. Incorporation of algae into fungi facilitates harvesting of the algae and products produced by the consortia. Such consortia are robust. For example, the fungi and algae can symbiotically provide nutrients to each other and are tolerant of environmental stresses. 1. A consortium comprising at least one viable fungus and at least one viable photosynthetically active alga within hyphae of the fungus , wherein the fungus , alga , or both have been modified to express at least one of the following lipid synthetic enzymes: acetyl-CoA carboxylase , malonyl-CoA decarboxylase , acyl carrier protein , fatty acid synthase , malonyl-CoA:ACP malonyltransferase , 3-oxoacyl-ACP synthase , KASI/II , 3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP dehydratase , 3-hydroxydecanoyl-ACP dehydratase , 3-ketoacyl-ACP reductase , acyl-CoA elongase , fatty acid desaturase , acyl-CoA thioesterase , acyl-CoA synthetase , aldehyde dehydrogenase , alcohol dehydrogenase , glycerol kinase , glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase , glycero-3-phosphate acyltransferase , 1-sn-acyl-glycero-3-phosphate acyltransferase , phosphatidic acid phosphatase , lipin-like phosphatidate phosphatase , diacylglycerol kinase , diacylglycerol acyltransferase , phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferase , or any combination thereof.2. The consortium of claim 1 , wherein alga is a diatom (bacillariophyte) claim 1 , green algae (chlorophyte) claim 1 , blue-green algae (cyanophyte) claim 1 , golden-brown algae (chrysophyte) claim 1 , haptophyte claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3Amphipleura, Amphora, Ankistrodesmus, Aquamortierella, Boekelovia, Botryococcus, Chaetoceros, Charophyceae, Chlorella, Chlorococcum, Chlorodendrophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Coleochaetophyceae, Cyclotella, Cymbella, Dissophora, Dunaliella, ...

Novel Proteins from Anaerobic Fungi and Uses Thereof

Provided herein are novel proteins and protein domains from newly discovered anaerobic fungal species. The anaerobic fungal species have unique enzymatic capabilities, including the ability to digest diverse lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks and to synthesize secondary metabolites. The scope of the invention encompasses novel engineered proteins comprising glycoside hydrolase enzymes, dockerin domains, carbohydrate binding domains, and polyketide synthase enzymes. The invention further encompasses artificial cellulosomes comprising novel proteins and domains of the invention. The scope of the invention further includes novel nucleic acid sequences coding for the engineered proteins of the invention, and methods of using such engineered organisms to degrade lignocellulosic biomass and to create polyketides. 133-. (canceled)34. An engineered organism , wherein{'i': 'Piromyces finnis', 'the organism expresses the ScaA protein of comprising SEQ ID NO: 27325.'}35. The engineered organism of claim 34 , wherein{'i': 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zymomonas mobilis, Escherichia coli, Clostridium thermocellum', 'the organism is selected from the group consisting of , and an anaerobic fungal species.'}36. The engineered organism of claim 34 , whereinthe organism expresses a synthetic cellulosome, comprising{'i': 'Piromyces finnis', 'the ScaA protein of comprising SEQ ID NO: 27325;'}one or more catalytic enzymes capable of digesting lignocellulosic biomass; andone or more carbohydrate-binding elements.37. An engineered organism claim 34 , wherein{'i': 'Piromyces finnis', 'the organism expresses the ScaA protein of comprising SEQ ID NO: 27326.'}38. The engineered organism of claim 37 , wherein{'i': 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zymomonas mobilis, Escherichia coli, Clostridium thermocellum', 'the organism is selected from the group consisting of , and an anaerobic fungal species.'}39. The engineered organism of claim 37 , whereinthe organism expresses a synthetic cellulosome, ...

Stochastic confinement to detect, manipulate, and utilize molecules and organisms

Methods of detecting organisms e.g. bacteria using stochastic confinement effects with microfluidic technologies involving plugs are provided. Signal amplification methods for the detection of molecules are also disclosed.

fuel cells, biofuel and electricity producers and related systems and methods

一种南酸枣发酵物及其制备方法和应用

本发明属于微生物发酵技术领域，具体涉及一种南酸枣发酵物及其制备方法和应用。本发明将冠突散囊菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母菌和黑曲霉复配得到复合菌剂对南酸枣进行发酵，使得到的南酸枣发酵物中多酚的质量百分含量达到2.45～3.76％，抗氧化活性清除DPPH自由基和ABTS + 自由基分别提高了50.47％～84.05％和67.86％～103.57％，保湿率也得到了显著提升，可以增加皮肤弹性，具有抗氧化、抗衰老的功效，作为化妆品成分使用。

用于微生物共培养的组合物和方法

本文提供了用于生产γ‑聚谷氨酸(PGA)的组合物和方法。具体地，本文提供了用于生产PGA的细菌共培养系统和方法。

一种利用混合菌群发酵木质纤维素制备丁酸的方法

一种利用混合菌群发酵木质纤维素制备丁酸的方法，它涉及一种制备丁酸的方法。本发明的目的是要避免传统方法中纤维素酶的大量使用，完成丁酸的中温混合菌群发酵制备过程，降低制备成本。本发明采用富集自牛粪、猪粪堆肥、玉米地土壤和腐木的混合物为初始菌群，以PCS培养基为基础，以预处理稻草秸秆为原料，配制种子培养基和发酵培养基。其主要步骤如下：A、将富集的菌群接种于种子培养基，静置进行厌氧培养；B、将步骤A培养的菌群接种于发酵培养基，140rpm进行厌氧发酵，制备丁酸；C、将步骤B培养的菌群接种到槽式搅拌反应器中，进行丁酸发酵。

一种马里兰烟叶发酵提取物的制备方法及其应用

本发明提供一种马里兰烟叶发酵提取物的制备方法及其应用，其是将马里兰烟叶粉碎后，采用马里兰烟杆固定化吸附微生物菌株，对马里兰烟粉进行温育水解发酵，再结合连续逆流超声提取，制备马里兰烟叶提取物，该提取物具有天然烟草浓郁本香，刺激性降低，纯化分离步骤简单，工艺条件温和，提取率和生产效率提高；在传统卷烟、新型加热不燃烧卷烟中加料加香应用，具有天然烟草本香，劲头足，透发感强，带有果香气、奶甜香气，与卷烟烟气协调且风格一致。

Method of obtaining biomass of microorganisms

发酵法生产肌酸

本发明公开了一种通过微生物发酵生产肌酸的方法，其采用食品安全型的微生物，通过发酵直接将碳源和氮源转化为肌酸，所生产的肌酸达到营养补充剂的标准，具有广阔的工业应用前景。上述方法中使用的微生物包括通过基因工程构建的一种谷氨酸棒杆菌，保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心，保藏编号为CGMCC No.12602。

Method for producing BAA by fermentation of seaweed

본 발명은 (1) 해조류를 120~125℃에서 15~30분간 고온가압멸균하여 배지를 준비하는 단계; (2) 상기 배지에 유산균과 효모 중 적어도 하나의 미생물을 접종하고 미생물에 따라 호기 또는 혐기 조건에서 발효시켜 글루타메이트의 GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid)로의 전환과 해조 다당류의 단당류와 올리고당으로의 분해를 유도하는 단계; (3) 발효산물을 120~125℃에서 15~30분간 고온가압멸균하는 단계를 포함하는 해조류 발효산물의 제조방법, 그 제조방법에 의해 수득한 해조류 발효산물, 상기 해조류 발효산물의 발효액을 조미료로 제조하는 방법과 그 제조방법에 의해 수득한 해조류 발효조미료, 상기 해조류 발효산물의 발효잔사를 해조류 발효 분말로 제조하는 방법과 그 제조방법에 의해 수득한 해조류 발효분말에 관한 것이다. The present invention comprises the steps of (1) preparing a medium by autoclaving the algae at 120 to 125 ℃ for 15 to 30 minutes; (2) inoculating the medium with at least one microorganism of lactic acid bacteria and yeast and fermenting under aerobic or anaerobic conditions according to the microorganism to induce conversion of glutamate to GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) and degradation of seaweed polysaccharides into monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. step; (3) a method for producing a seaweed fermentation product, the step of sterilizing the fermentation product at 120-125 ° C. for 15 to 30 minutes under high temperature, and the fermentation broth of the seaweed fermentation product obtained by the production method The present invention relates to a method for producing a seaweed fermented seasoning obtained by the production method, a method for producing a fermentation residue of the seaweed fermented product as a seaweed fermented powder, and a seaweed fermented powder obtained by the method. 본 발명에 의하면, 천연의 글루타메이트를 주원료로 이용하여 GABA를 생산할 수 있으므로 종래 기술인 MSG(Mono Sodium Glutamate)를 주원료로 이용하여 GABA를 생산하는 경우 GABA로 전환되지 않고 잔류하는 MSG로 인한 문제를 극복할 수 있고, 또한, 종래의 기술인 해조류의 추출액만을 이용하는 것과는 달리 해조류 전체를 이용하고 이를 고온가압멸균 및 발효시키는 과정에서 해조류로부터 지속적으로 글루타메이트가 추출되어 고 수율의 GABA를 수득할 수 있다. According to the present invention, since GABA can be produced using natural glutamate as a main raw material, when GABA is produced using monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a main raw material, the problem of MSG remaining without being converted to GABA can be overcome. In addition, unlike ...

Biocontrol microbial inoculum for preventing and treating stem base rot and gummosis as well as preparation method and application thereof

一种防治茎基腐病和流胶病的生防菌剂，含有枯草芽孢杆菌和长枝木霉的混合发酵液99.0‑99.5％重量百分比，和胞外粗多糖0.5‑1.0％重量百分比；本发明还提供一种防治农作物茎基腐病和流胶病的生防菌剂的制备方法与应用。由枯草芽孢杆菌与长枝木霉混合发酵制备的生防菌剂对农作物的茎基腐病和流胶病有非常明显的防治效果，同时具有生态友好、安全性高和防治谱广的特点，可以有效的减少化学农药的使用以及由此带来的环境污染。

Method of producing higher alcohols

FIELD: biotechnology. SUBSTANCE: inventions relate to biotechnology. Disclosed are a reaction mixture for producing at least one high alcohol in an aqueous medium, a method of producing at least one higher alcohol in an aqueous medium, using said reaction medium to obtain at least one higher alcohol. Reaction mixture contains a mixed culture of an acetogenic microorganism selected from Clostridium ljungdahlii and Clostridium autoethanogenum, and Clostridium kluyveri in an aqueous medium containing gaseous carbon monoxide. Method envisages production of at least one higher alcohol in an aqueous medium containing said reaction mixture. EFFECT: inventions provide one-stage production of higher alcohols in the presence of carbon monoxide. 14 cl, 4 tbl, 10 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 709 952 C2 (51) МПК C12N 1/20 (2006.01) C12P 7/02 (2006.01) C12P 7/06 (2006.01) C12P 7/18 (2006.01) C12R 1/145 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C12N 1/20 (2019.05); C12P 7/02 (2019.05); C12P 7/06 (2019.05); C12P 7/065 (2019.05); C12P 7/18 (2019.05); C12R 1/145 (2019.05) (21)(22) Заявка: 2016102684, 27.01.2016 27.01.2016 Дата регистрации: (73) Патентообладатель(и): Эвоник Оперейшенс ГмбХ (DE) 23.12.2019 28.01.2015 EP 15152867.6 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 01.08.2017 Бюл. № 22 Адрес для переписки: 123242, Москва, Кудринская площадь, 1, а/я 35, "Михайлюк, Сороколат и партнеры-патентные поверенные" R U (54) СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВЫСШИХ СПИРТОВ (57) Реферат: Изобретения относятся к биотехнологии. autoethanogenum, и Clostridium kluyveri в водной Предложены реакционная смесь для получения среде, содержащей газообразный монооксид по меньшей мере одного высшего спирта в углерода. Способ предусматривает получение по водной среде, способ получения по меньшей мере меньшей мере одного высшего спирта в водной одного высшего спирта в водной среде, среде, содержащей указанную реакционную смесь. применение указанной ...

Method and production system for preparing humus and artificial aged pit mud by waste vinasse double-round fermentation

本发明公开了一种丢糟双轮发酵制备腐殖质、人工老窖泥的方法及生产系统，包括：一轮发酵、蒸馏处理、二轮发酵、窖泥制作几个步骤，可将丢糟转化为转化为腐殖质，并使用腐殖质制备人工老窖泥。按重量份选取上述腐殖质2.5～4份，以及老窖泥10～30份，活性污泥0.5～1.5份，黏土40～60份，牛肉膏10～15份，有机物腐熟剂0.5～1.5份，复合己酸菌液10～20份，蔬菜秸秆2～5份，水果浆2～5份，窖泥添加液20～30份，经堆积发酵后可制成人工老窖泥。丢糟的二次利用主要应用于人工老窖泥配制方面，解决了传统处理方法中无法将丢糟有效利用的问题。

Method of producing organic compounds

There is provided a mixed culture of a first and second microorganism in an aqueous medium, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source comprising CO and/or CO 2 to acetate and/or ethanol, the second microorganism is a non-acetogenic microorganism capable of metabolising acetate and/or ethanol and the first and second microorganisms are in a homogenous mixture. There is also provided a method of producing substituted and/or unsubstituted organic compounds using the mixed culture.

A method of producing higher alcohols

The present invention relates to a reaction mixture and a method of producing at least one higher alcohol comprising a reaction mixture comprising a mixed culture of a first and a second microorganism in an aqueous medium comprising carbon monoxide gas, wherein - the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source to acetate and/or ethanol; and - the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium kluyveri, and C.Carboxidivorans capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to form an acid; wherein the first microorganism is further capable of converting the acid to the corresponding higher alcohol and the higher alcohol comprises at least 6 carbon atoms.

Methionine production

The present invention relates to a microbial cell capable of producing at least one acetylhomoserine from 4-acetyl-butyric acid and/or ester thereof, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise - at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an enzyme E 1 capable of catalysing the hydroxylation of 4-acetyl-butyric acid and/or ester thereof to an alpha-hydroxy acetyl butanone, and - at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of enzyme E 2 capable of catalysing the amination of the alpha-hydroxy acetyl butanone to the acetylhomoserine.

Process for producing alcohols under aerobic conditions and product extraction using a mixture of polypropylene glycol and alkane

The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one alcohol from a carbon source, the method comprising: (a) producing the alcohol in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions; and (b) extracting the alcohol from step (a) from the aqueous medium by: (bi) contacting the alcohol in the aqueous medium with at least one extracting medium for a time sufficient to extract the alcohol from the aqueous medium into the extracting medium, (bii )separating the extracting medium with the extracted alcohol from the aqueous medium wherein the extracting medium comprises: -oleyl alcohol; or -polypropylene glycol and an alkane wherein the alcohol comprises at least 3 carbon atoms.

Compositions and methods for the conversion of short-chained carboxylic acids to alcohols using clostridial enzymes

The invention relates to the fields of bacterial metabolism and the utilization or consumption of short-chain carboxylic acids to reduced products. Specifically, it relates to syngas fermentations using monocultures of syngas-utilizing homoacetogenic bacteria for the production of alcohols using native alcohol dehydrogenase.

Anaerobic thermophilic culture system

A mixed culture system of the newly discovered microorganism Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus ATCC31550 and the microorganism Clostridium thermocellum ATCC31549 is described. In a mixed nutrient culture medium that contains cellulose, these microorganisms have been coupled and cultivated to efficiently ferment cellulose to produce recoverable quantities of ethanol under anaerobic, thermophilic conditions.

Method of producing organic compounds

There is provided a mixed culture of a first and second microorganism in an aqueous medium, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source comprising CO and/or C02 to acetate and/or ethanol, the second microorganism is a non-acetogenic microorganism capable of metabolising acetate and/or ethanol and the first and second microorganisms are in a homogenous mixture and wherein the aqueous medium comprises oxygen. There is also provided a method of producing substituted and/or unsubstituted organic compounds using the mixed culture.

A method of producing higher alcohols

The present invention relates to a reaction mixture and a method of producing at least one higher alcohol comprising a reaction mixture comprising a mixed culture of a first and a second microorganism in an aqueous medium comprising carbon monoxide gas, wherein - the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source to acetate and/or ethanol; and - the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium kluyveri, and C. Carboxidivorans capable of converting capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to form an acid; wherein the first microorganism is further capable of converting the acid to the corresponding higher alcohol and the higher alcohol comprises at least 6 carbon atoms.

Process for producing alcohols under aerobic conditions and product extraction using oleyl alcohol

The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one alcohol from a carbon source, the method comprising: (a) producing the alcohol in an aqueous medium under aerobic conditions; and (b) extracting the alcohol from step (a) from the aqueous medium by: (bi) contacting the alcohol in the aqueous medium with at least one extracting medium for a time sufficient to extract the alcohol from the aqueous medium into the extracting medium, (bii) separating the extracting medium with the extracted alcohol from the aqueous medium wherein the extracting medium comprises: - oleyl alcohol; or - polypropylene glycol and an alkane wherein the alcohol comprises at least 3 carbon atoms.

Method for production of n-propanol and other c3-containing products from syngas using membrane supported bioreactor

This invention provides methods for the production of n-propanol. Specifically, the methods and systems of the present invention use symbiotic co-cultures operating in a membrane supported bioreactor for the production of n-propanol from syngas.

Production of alcohol esters in situ using alcohols and fatty acids produced by microorganisms

Fatty acid alcohol esters that may be used as biodiesel are synthesized from microbially produced alcohol and fatty acids using an in situ process. The process utilizes a catalyst capable of esterifying the alcohol and fatty acid products of microorganisms, which are produced from renewable resources.

Method of obtaining biomass of microorganisms

Method for producing L-lactic acid by using liquor distiller grains

本发明公开了一种利用白酒丟糟生产L‑乳酸的方法，属于农副产品深度加工发酵制备L‑乳酸领域。利用白酒丟糟生产L‑乳酸的方法包括：丟糟浸润、超微粉碎、混合酶液的制备、聚乙二醇的添加、丢糟的酶解、稀糖液的浓缩、L‑乳酸发酵等步骤，本发明为白酒丢糟酶解利用提供了更为高效的方法；采用超微粉碎白酒丢糟，可以在保障较高酶解还原糖得率的前提下，减少预处理化学物质的引入，进而降低工艺成本；采用的混合菌酶液具有较强的稳定性，且配合使用对酶解具有显著互助作用；采用本发明方法每g干丢糟可产生0.56‑0.58g的还原糖，可产生0.48‑0.49gL‑乳酸。本发明的工艺稳定性好，且成本较低，可有效解决现有技术酶解白酒丢糟的效率低，白酒丢糟再利用的成本较高的问题。

Systems of hydrogen and formic acid production in yeast

This invention relates to engineered yeast systems and to methods of using these yeast systems, alone or in combination with bacterial systems such as engineered bacterial systems, to generate hydrogen and formic acid.

A method of extracting bran polysaccharide from wheat bran

一种从麸皮中提取麸皮多糖的方法，包括以下步骤：（1）在麸皮中加入发酵菌液和水，恒温发酵，得发酵麸皮湿样，干燥，粉碎，过筛，得发酵麸皮粉；（2）在步骤（1）所得发酵麸皮粉中加水，浸泡，在搅拌下，加入珠磨机中进行珠磨，然后离心，取上清液；（3）在步骤（2）所得上清液中，加入乙醇溶液，静置，离心，收集沉淀，干燥，得麸皮多糖。本发明方法从麸皮中提取的麸皮多糖的纯度＞94.5%，提取率＞39%；本发明方法工艺简单，成本低，绿色安全，适宜于工业化生产。

Method for producing bio-oil by livestock and poultry manure synergism

本发明公开了一种畜禽粪污增效生产生物油的方法，涉及畜牧业废弃资源再利用技术领域。本发明的一种畜禽粪污增效生产生物油的方法，所述方法是将禽畜粪便经过预发酵后，经固液分离得到发酵气体、初级液体产物和固体混合物，再利用得到的初级液体产物和发酵气体培养微藻，将微藻收集和固体混合物混合后经有机溶剂提取得到生物油。本发明公开了一种畜禽粪污增效生产生物油的方法，将禽畜粪便通过微生物发酵后，用于培养产油微藻，最后得到生物油，实现了废弃物全回收利用，解决了粪污粪水处理的难题。