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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 7172. Отображено 100.
14-06-2012 дата публикации

Method for producing alloy ingot

Номер: US20120145353A1
Автор: Jumpei Nakayama, Tatsuhiko Kusamichi
Принадлежит: Kobe Steel Ltd

Disclosed is a method for producing alloy ingot including: a step of: charging alloy starting material into a cold crucible in a cold-crucible induction melter, and forming melt pool of the alloy starting material by induction heating in inert gas atmosphere; a step of continuing the induction heating and adding first refining agent to the melt pool, and then reducing the content of at least phosphorus from among impurity elements present in the melt pool; and a step of forming alloy ingot by solidifying the melt, the phosphorus content of which has been reduced. The first refining agent is mixture of metallic Ca and flux, where the flux contains CaF 2 and at least one of CaO and CaCl 2 . The weight proportion of the sum of CaO and CaCl 2 with respect to CaF 2 ranges from 5 to 30 wt % and the weight proportion of metallic Ca with respect to the melt pool is 0.4 wt % or greater.

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Номер записи: 1
12-07-2012 дата публикации

Low expansion corrosion resistant ceramic foam filters for molten aluminum filtration

Номер: US20120175804A1
Автор: David P. Haack, Feng Chi, Leonard S. Aubrey
Принадлежит: PORVAIR PLC

A ceramic foam filter for molten aluminum alloys comprising an alumina silicate rich core and a boron glass shell and a chemical composition comprising: 20-70 wt % Al 2 O 3 , 20-60 wt % SiO 2 , 0-10 wt % CaO, 0-10 wt %; MgO and 2-20 wt % B 2 O 3 .

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Номер записи: 2
09-08-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus for manufacturing molten metal

Номер: US20120200013A1
Автор: Masahiko Tetsumoto
Принадлежит: Kobe Steel Ltd

Disclosed is a molten metal producing device capable of effectively preventing a hanging of a metal agglomerate raw material layer and capable of reliably removing hanging even if the hanging occurs. Raw material for forming the raw material layer (A) and metal agglomerate raw material (B) are charged in this order from raw material charging chutes ( 4,4 ) at either end portion ( 2,2 ) of a stationary non-tilting arc furnace in the width direction of the furnace so as to form raw material layers ( 12 ) each having a sloping surface extending downward to the portions of electrodes ( 5 ) disposed in a central region in the furnace width direction and metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) on the slopes, respectively. Molten iron is produced by sequentially melting lower end portions of the metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) by arc heating at the electrodes ( 5 ). At the same time, an oxygen containing gas (C) is blown from secondary combustion burners ( 6 ) in a furnace top ( 1 ) so as to cause the combustion of a CO containing gas generated from the metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) while the metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) descend along the sloping surface of the raw material layer ( 12 ), and the metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) are heated by the radiant heat of the secondary combustion. Shock generators ( 18 ) are disposed above a molten slag layer ( 15 ) and below surfaces of the metal agglomerate raw material layers ( 13 ) inside the furnace.

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Номер записи: 3
09-08-2012 дата публикации

Apparatus For Injecting Gas Into A Vessel

Номер: US20120200014A1
Автор: Eric TIERNEY, George Cingle, III, Todd Smith
Принадлежит: Technological Resources Pty Ltd

An apparatus for injecting particulate and/or gaseous material into a metallurgical vessel for use in a metallurgical process includes a duct to inject the material. The duct includes a duct wall of concentric annular passages for inflow of cooling water from a rear end to a forward end of the duct along a first of the annular passages and for outflow of cooling water from the forward end to the rear end of the duct wall along a second of the annular passages. The concentric annular passages are provided by concentric sleeves that consist of an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, and an intermediate sleeve. The apparatus also includes a duct tip at a forward end of the duct joining at least the inner and outer sleeves so as to provide a water flow connection between the first and second water flow passages.

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Номер записи: 4
23-08-2012 дата публикации

Fluidizing nozzle weld collar

Номер: US20120214109A1
Автор: Jeremy A. Ryser, Michael C. Tanca, Thomas F. Begina, Thomas R. Bober
Принадлежит: Alstom Technology AG

A unique nozzle [20] for a fluidized bed reactor is described that may be replaced efficiently. This employs a collar [30, 130, 230] attached to a vertical section [15] of a feed pipe [11] that provides fluidizing gases. The vertical section [15] has a plurality of nozzle openings [17] at its upper end. A nozzle cap [19] fits over the upper end of the vertical section [15] and the nozzle openings [17]. The collar [30, 130, 230] extends radially outward from the vertical section [15] at a location just below the nozzle cap [19] supporting it in its operational position. During replacement of the vertical section [15] and the nozzle cap [19], the collar acts as a guide to direct cutting equipment to the proper location and facilitate proper cuts. The collar [30, 130, 230] also acts as a support to hold the vertical section [15] and the nozzle cap [19] in proper position to facilitate welding.

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Номер записи: 5
02-05-2013 дата публикации

Device for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel

Номер: US20130106034A1
Автор: Hans-Juergen Odenthal, Herbert Olivier, Jochen Schlueter
Принадлежит: Sms Siemag AG

The invention relates to a device for injecting gas into a metallurgical vessel, comprising a blowing head ( 5 ) having a feed line ( 5 b ) for delivering gas, in particular oxygen, to the blowing head ( 5 ), and at least one Laval nozzle ( 1 ) disposed on the blowing head ( 5 ), said nozzle having an inlet section ( 2 ) which conveys the gas and an outlet section ( 3 ), wherein the gas is delivered to the inlet section ( 2 ) via the feed line ( 5 b ) and leaves the outlet section ( 3 ) at supersonic speed, wherein the Laval nozzle ( 1 ) comprises at least one first nozzle part ( 2, 3 ) and a second nozzle part ( 7 ), wherein the nozzle parts ( 2, 3, 7 ) are adjustable relative to one another by changing the geometry of the Laval nozzle ( 1 ).

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Номер записи: 6
16-05-2013 дата публикации

ULTRASONIC NOZZLE FOR USE IN METALLURGICAL INSTALLATIONS AND METHOD FOR DIMENSIONING A ULTRASONIC NOZZLE

Номер: US20130119168A1
Автор: Klioutchnikov Igor, Odenthal Hans-Juergen, Olivier Herbert, Schlueter Jochen
Принадлежит: SMS SIEMAG AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

The invention relates to a supersonic nozzle for use in metallurgical installations, in particular for the top blowing of oxygen in a Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) or an electric arc furnace (EAF), comprising a convergent portion and a divergent portion, which are adjacent to each other at a nozzle throat (DK), wherein the supersonic nozzle is defined by the following group of nozzle forms in the respective design case thereof: (T). 2. (canceled)3. The supersonic nozzle pursuant to claim 14 , wherein the inner contour of the supersonic nozzle corresponds to the contour determined claim 14 , which is determined by the numeric solution of the partial gas dynamic differential equations claim 14 , in which the stationary claim 14 , isentropic claim 14 , axisymmetrical gas flow is represented by means of spatially discretized characteristics equations claim 14 , taking into account corresponding conditions of compatibility.4. The supersonic nozzle pursuant to claim 3 , wherein with the solution of the partial claim 3 , numerical differential equations claim 3 , the influence of a friction-affected claim 3 , boundary layer close to the wall is taken into account.5. (canceled)6. The supersonic nozzle pursuant to claim 1 , wherein the convergent portion comprises a bell-shaped contour and the divergent portion comprises a bell-shaped contour claim 1 , wherein the bell-shaped contours of the convergent portion and of the divergent portion are uniformly merging into one another on the nozzle throat.7. The supersonic nozzle pursuant to claim 1 , wherein the supersonic nozzle comprises cooling channels.8. The supersonic nozzle pursuant to claim 1 , wherein the interior contour of the divergent portion of the supersonic nozzle cannot be represented by a unique mathematical function.9. (canceled)10. The method pursuant to claim 15 , wherein the contour is determined by the numeric solution of the partial gas dynamic differential equations claim 15 , in which the stationary claim 15 ...

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Номер записи: 7
13-06-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONDENSING METAL VAPOR

Номер: US20130145902A1
Автор: BUCHMAN Michael, DEREZINSKI, DOUGLAS Jason, EAGAR Thomas, III Stephen J., Pati Soobhankar, POWELL Adam Clayton, SPIRIDIGLIOZZI Luciano
Принадлежит: Metal Oxygen Separation Technologies, Inc.

An apparatus for condensing metal vapors has at least one inlet conduit that is cooled to cause a portion of the metal vapor to condense to liquid. The apparatus also has a holding tank that is connected to the inlet conduit that collects condensed liquid metal. The apparatus also has at least one outlet conduit connected to the holding tank that is cooled to cause a portion of the remaining metal vapor to condense to solid metal. The apparatus also has at least one heater that heats the at least one outlet conduit to cause the solid metal to melt to liquid metal and subsequently flow in to the holding tank. The apparatus also has at least one sealing mechanism located at a distal end of the at least one outlet conduit for preventing metal vapor and carrier gas from exiting the outlet conduit during heating of the outlet conduit. 1. An apparatus for condensing metal vapors comprising:at least one inlet conduit for receiving a mixture of metal vapor and carrier gas;a holding tank for liquid metal operatively connected to the at least one inlet conduit for receiving the mixture of metal vapor and carrier gas from the at least one inlet conduit;at least one outlet conduit operatively connected to the holding tank for receiving the mixture of metal vapor and carrier gas from the holding tank;at least a first cooling device operatively connected to the at least one outlet conduit to cause at least a portion of the metal vapor entering the at least one outlet conduit to condense to solid metal;at least one heater operatively connected to the at least one outlet conduit for causing at least a portion of the solid metal to melt and subsequently flow in to the holding tank; andat least one sealing mechanism located at a distal end of the at least one outlet conduit for sealing the distal end of the at least one outlet conduit and preventing remaining metal vapor and carrier gas from exiting the distal end of the outlet conduit when the outlet conduit is being heated.2. The ...

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Номер записи: 8
29-08-2013 дата публикации

TARGET MATERIAL REFINEMENT DEVICE AND TARGET SUPPLY APPARATUS

Номер: US20130221587A1
Автор: Shiraishi Yutaka, Wakabayashi Osamu
Принадлежит: Gigaphoton Inc.

A target material refinement device may include a refinement tank to accommodate a target material, a heating section to heat the interior of the refinement tank, and an oxygen-atom removing section to remove oxygen atoms present in the target material. 1. A target material refinement device that refines a target material used for generation of EUV light , comprising:a refinement tank configured to accommodate a target material;a heating section configured to heat an interior of the refinement tank; andan oxygen-atom removing section configured to remove oxygen atoms present in the target material.2. The target material refinement device according to claim 1 ,wherein the oxygen-atom removing section includes:a reduction section configured to reduce the oxygen atoms; andan exhaust section to evacuate the interior of the refinement tank.3. The target material refinement device according to claim 1 ,wherein the oxygen-atom removing section includes:an oxygen partial-pressure adjusting section configured to control an oxygen partial pressure inside of the refinement tank to be lower than the oxygen partial pressure in the target material; andthe exhaust section configured to evacuate the interior of the refinement tank.4. The target material refinement device according to claim 3 ,wherein the oxygen partial-pressure adjusting section is an oxygen-free gas supply section configured to supply an oxygen-free gas into the refinement tank.5. The target material refinement device according to claim 3 ,wherein the oxygen partial-pressure adjusting section is configured with the above exhaust section configured to evacuate the interior of the refinement tank to be in a vacuum state in the interior of the refinement tank.6. The target material refinement device according to claim 1 ,wherein the oxygen-atom removing section includes:an inert gas supply section configured to supply an inert gas into the target material; andthe exhaust section configured to evacuate the interior of ...

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Номер записи: 9
19-09-2013 дата публикации

Production Method for High-Purity Lanthanum, High-Purity Lanthanum, Sputtering Target Composed of High-Purity Lanthanum, and Metal Gate Film Containing High-Purity Lanthanum as Main Component

Номер: US20130241010A1
Автор: Gohara Takeshi, Takahata Masahiro
Принадлежит: JX NIPPON MINING & METALS CORPORATION

A method for producing high-purity lanthanum having a purity of 4N or more excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components, wherein lanthanum having a purity of 4N or more is produced by reducing, with distilled calcium, a lanthanum fluoride starting material that has a purity of 4N or more excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components, and the obtained lanthanum is subjected to electron beam melting to remove volatile substances. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum, in which Al, Fe, and Cu are respectively contained in the amount of 10 wtppm or less. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum, in which total content of gas components is 1000 wtppm or less. The present invention aims to provide a technique capable of efficiently and stably providing high-purity lanthanum, a sputtering target composed of high-purity lanthanum, and a thin film for metal gate that contains high-purity lanthanum as a main component. 1. A method for producing high-purity lanthanum , comprising the steps of reducing , with distilled calcium , a lanthanum fluoride starting material that has a purity of 4N or more excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components , and removing volatile substances by subjecting the obtained lanthanum to electron beam melting so that the purity excluding rare earth elements other than lanthanum and gas components is 4N5 or more , the content of Al and Fe is respectively 5 wtppm or less , the content of Cu is 1 wtppm or less , and the total content of gas components is 1000 wtppm or less.25.-. (canceled)6. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum according to claim 1 , wherein the high-purity lanthanum contains C in the amount of 200 wtppm or less.7. (canceled)8. The method for producing high-purity lanthanum according to claim 6 , wherein the high-purity lanthanum contains rare earth elements other than lanthanum in the amount of 10 wtppm or less.9. A high-purity lanthanum ...

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Номер записи: 10
24-10-2013 дата публикации

Melting furnace including wire-discharge ion plasma electron emitter

Номер: US20130279533A1
Автор: Richard L. Kennedy, Robin M. Forbes Jones
Принадлежит: ATI Properties LLC

An apparatus for melting an electrically conductive metallic material includes a vacuum chamber and a hearth disposed in the vacuum chamber. At least one wire-discharge ion plasma electron emitter is disposed in or adjacent the vacuum chamber and is positioned to direct a wide-area field of electrons into the vacuum chamber, wherein the wide-area electron field has sufficient energy to heat the electrically conductive metallic material to its melting temperature. The apparatus may further include at least one of a mold and an atomizing apparatus which is in communication with the vacuum chamber and is positioned to receive molten material from the hearth.

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Номер записи: 11
12-12-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THERMAL BALANCE OF A SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE AND SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20130328250A1
Автор: Ahokainen Tapio, Björklund Peter, Myyri Jorma, Pesonen Lauri P.
Принадлежит: OUTOTEC OYJ

The invention relates to a method for controlling the thermal balance of a suspension smelting and to a suspension smelting furnace. The suspension smelting furnace, comprising a reaction shaft (), a lower furnace (), and an uptake (), wherein the reaction shaft () having a shaft structure () that is provided with a surrounding wall structure () and a roof structure () and that limits a reaction chamber (), and wherein the reaction shaft () is provided with a concentrate burner () for feeding pulverous solid matter and reaction gas into the reaction chamber (). The shaft structure () of the reaction shaft () is provided with cooling means () for feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber () of the reaction shaft (). 144-. (canceled)45. Method for controlling the thermal balance of a suspension smelting comprising a reaction shaft , a lower furnace , and an uptake , wherein the reaction shaft having a shaft structure that is provided with a surrounding wall structure and a roof structure at the upper end of the surrounding wall structure and that limits a reaction chamber within the shaft structure , said reaction chamber having a lower end in communication with the lower furnace , and wherein the reaction shaft is provided with a concentrate burner for feeding pulverous solid matter and reaction gas into the reaction chamber , comprising:providing the shaft structure of the reaction shaft with at least one cooling means for feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber of the reaction shaft,feeding endothermic material into the reaction chamber of the reaction shaft with at least one cooling means, andproviding at least one cooling means at a level of at least 0.3h measured from the lower end of the reaction chamber, where h is the height of the reaction chamber.46. The method according to claim 45 , comprising providing at least one cooling means in the shaft structure at a distance from and separately from the concentrate burner.47. The method ...

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Номер записи: 12
09-01-2014 дата публикации

Ultrasonic Degassing of Molten Metals

Номер: US20140008848A1
Автор: Kevin S. Gill, Victor F. Rundquist
Принадлежит: Southwire Co LLC

Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath in close proximity to the ultrasonic device.

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Номер записи: 13
09-01-2014 дата публикации

Rotary degasser and rotor therefor

Номер: US20140008849A1
Автор: Paul V. Cooper
Принадлежит: Individual

A device for dispersing gas into molten metal includes an impeller, a drive shaft having a gas-transfer passage therein, and a first end and a second end, and a drive source. The second end of the drive shaft is connected to the impeller and the first end is connected to the drive source. The impeller includes a first portion and a second portion with a plurality of cavities. The first portion covers the second portion to help prevent gas from escaping to the surface without entering the cavities and being mixed with molten metal as the impeller rotates. When gas is transferred through the gas-transfer passage, it exits through the gas-release opening(s) in the bottom of the impeller. At least some of the gas enters the cavities where it is mixed with the molten metal being displaced by the impeller. Also disclosed are impellers that can be used to practice the invention.

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Номер записи: 14
06-02-2014 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONDENSING METAL VAPOR

Номер: US20140033871A1
Автор: BUCHMAN Michael, Derezinski Stephen Joseph, DOUGLAS Jason, EAGAR Thomas, IV Adam Clayton, Pati Soobhankar, Powell, SPIRIDIGLIOZZI Luciano
Принадлежит: Infinium, Inc.

An apparatus for condensing metal vapors has at least one inlet conduit that is cooled to cause a portion of the metal vapor to condense to liquid. The apparatus also has a holding tank that is connected to the inlet conduit that collects condensed liquid metal. The apparatus also has at least one outlet conduit connected to the holding tank that is cooled to cause a portion of the remaining metal vapor to condense to solid metal. The apparatus also has at least one heater that heats the at least one outlet conduit to cause the solid metal to melt to liquid metal and subsequently flow in to the holding tank. The apparatus also has at least one sealing mechanism located at a distal end of the at least one outlet conduit for preventing metal vapor and carrier gas from exiting the outlet conduit during heating of the outlet conduit. 1. A method for condensing metal vapors comprising:directing a mixture of metal vapor and carrier gas in to at least one inlet conduit;directing the mixture of metal vapor and carrier gas in to a holding tank for liquid metal and subsequently in to at least one outlet conduit operatively connected to the holding tank;cooling the at least one outlet conduit to cause some of the metal vapor inside the at least one outlet conduit to condense to solid metal;subsequent to condensing solid metal, stopping the cooling of at least one of the outlet conduits and commencing heating of the same outlet conduits to cause the solid metal to melt to form liquid metal;collecting the liquid metal in the holding tank; andpreventing the remaining metal vapor and carrier gas from exiting the same outlet conduits during at least a portion of the heating of the same outlet conduits.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the at least one inlet conduit to cause some of the metal vapor inside the at least one inlet conduit to condense to liquid metal claim 1 , and collecting the liquid metal in the holding tank.3. The method of claim 1 , further ...

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Номер записи: 15
06-02-2014 дата публикации

TANTALUM-MATERIAL MULTILEVEL DISTILLATION CRUCIBLE AND DISTILLATION PROCESS

Номер: US20140034480A1
Автор: Tao Limin, Xu Qiuhua, Yuan Ping
Принадлежит:

A tantalum-material multilevel distillation crucible; the distillation crucible comprises a crucible body (), an insulation plate (), and a receiving hood (); the insulation plate () is sheathed in the upper part of the crucible body (), and the receiving cover is disposed on top of the crucible body () and above the insulation plate (); the crucible body () is made of tantalum in a horn-shaped circular truncated cone increasing in size from top to bottom; and the insulation plate () is made of a high-temperature resistant refractory material with good insulation performance, characterized by: the insulation plate () comprises of a plurality of insulation plates that can be stacked and used (); and a heating unit () provided with a plurality of pads () that can be stacked and used at the bottom of the crucible. According to the present invention, the height of a crucible buried in a heat source can be adjusted, enabling one crucible to be used for distillation of various kinds of rare earth metals. 1. A multilevel distillation crucible made of tantalum material , in which said distillation crucible comprises a crucible body , a heat-insulation plate and a receiving hood; said heat-insulation plate is fitted around the upper end of the crucible body , while the receiving hood is provided at the top of said crucible body , located above the heat-insulation plate; said crucible body is made of tantalum with a shape of trumpet-like truncated cone with a smaller top and a larger bottom; said heat-insulation plate is made of a refractory material with high-temperature resistance and good heat-insulating properties , characterized in that ,said heat-insulation plate includes a plurality of heat-insulation plates which can be stacked for use; andseveral spacer sheets or pads which can be stacked for use at the bottom of the crucible are provided within a heat resource.2. The multilevel distillation crucible made of tantalum material according to claim 1 , characterized in ...

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Номер записи: 16
20-02-2014 дата публикации

Vapor-reinforced expanding volume of gas to minimize the contamination of products treated in a melting furnace

Номер: US20140047953A1
Автор: Terence D. La Sorda
Принадлежит: Air Liquide Industrial US LP

Systems and corresponding methods are described herein that provide an effective inert blanket over a metal surface (hot solid (charge) metal or molten metal) in a container such as an induction furnace. The system includes a container of metal and a system configured to delivery biphasic inert cryogen toward the metal. The delivery system may include a lance disposed at the top of the container. The lance has a hood that directs both a flow of liquid cryogen and a flow of vaporous gas toward the metal surface. The liquid cryogen contacts the metal surface, generating a volume of expanding gas over the metal surface. The vaporous cryogen creates a reinforcing vapor that slows the expansion rate of the expanding gas, localizing the expanding gas over the metal surface.

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Номер записи: 17
06-03-2014 дата публикации

Method of producing tin emitted low alpha radiation by using vacuum refining

Номер: US20140060252A1
Автор: Cheolhee Kim, Dohyun Jung, Hyunkyu Lee, Jaepil Jung, Santosh T. Kumar, Yongcheol Chu
Принадлежит: Individual

A method of producing a purified tin, which emits low alpha radiation by using a vacuum refining has developed: the steps are comprising: preparing a crude tin; containing the crude tin in a crucible and placing it in a vacuum furnace; and removing the impurities, which have higher vapor pressures and low boiling points than that of the tin from the vacuum furnace. The impurities, such as a lead and bismuth can be removed as much as possible by utilizing the difference of the vapor pressure of the elements in the tin. It is possible to minimize the emission of alpha radiation, so that it can be prevented the occurrence of the software errors.

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Номер записи: 18
06-01-2022 дата публикации

GAS INJECTION NOZZLE REFRACTORY AND GAS INJECTION NOZZLE

Номер: US20220003500A1
Автор: FUJIYOSHI Ryoma, HOSOHARA Seiji, IIDA Atsuhisa, TORIGOE Atsushi
Принадлежит:

A gas injection nozzle refractory with one or more gas injection small metal tubes buried therein has improved durability. The gas injection nozzle refractory includes a MgO-C central refractory with a small metal tube buried therein, and a MgO-C peripheral refractory surrounding the central refractory. The central refractory on a plane of the gas injection nozzle refractory has an external shape of a circle with a radius in the range of R+10 to R+150 mm concentric with a virtual circle with a minimum radius surrounding all buried small metal tubes, R mm being a radius of the virtual circle. 1. A gas injection nozzle refractory with at least one gas injection small metal tube buried in a carbon-containing refractory , the gas injection nozzle comprising:a central refractory with the at least one small metal tube buried therein, the central refractory being a MgO-C refractory with a carbon content in the range of 40% to 80% by mass, a metal Al content in the range of 3% to 8% by mass, and a mass ratio of a metal Si content to the metal Al content in the range of 0.30 to 1.0, anda peripheral refractory surrounding the central refractory, the peripheral refractory being a MgO-C refractory with a carbon content in the range of 10% to 25% by mass,wherein the central refractory on a plane of the gas injection nozzle refractory has an external shape of a circle with a radius in the range of R+10 to R+150 mm concentric with a virtual circle with a minimum radius surrounding the at least one buried small metal tube, R mm being a radius of the virtual circle.2. The gas injection nozzle refractory according to claim 1 , wherein the external shape is a circle with a radius in the range of R+40 to R+70 mm concentric with the virtual circle.3. The gas injection nozzle refractory according to claim 1 , wherein the metal Al content is in the range of 5% to 7% by mass.4. The gas injection nozzle refractory according to claim 1 , wherein the metal Al content is in the range of 5% to ...

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Номер записи: 19
07-01-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HIGH PURITY MANGANESE AND HIGH PURITY MANGANESE

Номер: US20160002749A1
Автор: Yagi Kazuto
Принадлежит: JX NIPPON MINING & METALS CORPORATION

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high purity Mn, the method comprising: placing a flake-like electrolytic Mn raw material in a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM furnace) at a melting temperature of 1240 to 1400° C. under an inert atmosphere of 500 Torr or less; then adding calcium in a range between 0.5 and 2.0% of the weight of Mn to perform deoxidation and desulfurization; casting the resultant in an iron mold after the completion of the deoxidation and desulfurization to manufacture an ingot; then placing the Mn ingot into a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM furnace) at a melting temperature, which is adjusted to 1200 to 1450° C. and maintained for 10 to 60 minutes, under an inert atmosphere of 200 Torr or less; casting the resultant in an iron mold to manufacture an ingot; then placing the metal Mn ingot in an alumina crucible; reducing pressure to 0.01 Torr with a vacuum pump; and then heating to develop a sublimation and distillation reaction. Provided is a method for manufacturing a high purity metal Mn from a commercially available electrolytic Mn. In particular, an object is to obtain a high purity metal Mn in which the amount of impurities such as B, Mg, Al and Si is small. 1. A method for manufacturing a high purity Mn , the method comprising: placing an Mn raw material in a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM furnace) at a melting temperature of 1240 to 1400° C. under an inert atmosphere of 500 Torr or less; then adding calcium (Ca) in a range between 0.5 and 2.0% of the weight of Mn to perform deoxidation and desulfurization; casting the resultant in an iron mold after the completion of the deoxidation and desulfurization to manufacture an ingot; then placing the Mn ingot in a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction ...

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Номер записи: 20
05-01-2017 дата публикации

Process for the production of a pgm-enriched alloy

Номер: US20170002441A1
Автор: Brian Peters, Christoph Rohlich, Felix STOFFNER, Holger Winkler, Jimmy Taylor, Norbert Ritschel, Steffen Voss, Todd ENGLAND
Принадлежит: Heraeus Deutschland GmbH and Co KG, Heraeus Precious Metals North America LLC

A process for production of a PGM (platinum group metal)-enriched alloy containing iron and PGM(s) (platinum, palladium and/or rhodium) includes steps of: (1) providing a sulfur-free PGM collector alloy, (2) providing a copper- and sulfur-free material capable of forming a molten slag-type composition including silicon dioxide and magnesium and/or calcium oxide, (3) melting the PGM collector alloy and slag-forming material within a converter until a multi-phase system of a lower high-density molten mass of PGM collector alloy and an upper low-density molten mass of slag-type composition has formed, (4) contacting an oxidizing gas with the lower high-density molten mass of step (3) until conversion of the PGM collector alloy into a PGM-enriched alloy, (5) separating an upper molten slag formed in step (4) from the PGM-enriched alloy by difference in density, (6) allowing the separated molten masses to cool down and solidify, and (7) collecting the solidified PGM-enriched alloy.

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Номер записи: 21
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Plant and method for vacuum degassing liquid steel

Номер: US20190002996A1
Автор: Fabio TRIGATTI, Federico MAZZARINI, Mauro MILOCCO
Принадлежит: SMS Group SpA

The invention relates to a plant for vacuum degassing liquid steel, comprising: at least one vacuum chamber 2, suitable to temporarily receive liquid steel inside it; a vacuum generation system 10, connected to said at least one vacuum chamber 2 via an intake duct 20. The vacuum generation system 10 comprises at least two compression stages connected together in series, of which: a first compression stage 11 works closer to the aforesaid at least one vacuum chamber and is composed of one or more screw pumps 110; and a second compression stage 12 works farther with respect to said at least one vacuum chamber 2 to bring the gases at least to atmospheric pressure and is composed of one or more liquid ring pumps 120.

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Номер записи: 22
03-01-2019 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR REFINING NIOBIUM-BASED FERROALLOYS

Номер: US20190003012A1
Автор: Ribeiro Eduardo Augusto Ayroza Galvão, Sernik Kleber A., Sousa Clovis Antonio De Faria
Принадлежит:

Refined niobium-based ferroalloys are provided by removing lead and other impurities therefrom by a process comprising charging niobium ore concentrate and/or niobium oxide or a mixture of niobium oxides to a metallothermic reaction chamber, admixing the ore concentrate and/or niobium oxide with a reducing agent, initiating a metallothermic reaction, under reduced pressure; and allowing the reaction product to solidify and cool; crushing the reaction product or crushing the niobium-based ferroalloy previously reduced in open air, and charging the crushed product to a melting crucible within a vacuum induction melting furnace, lowering the pressure within the furnace to below 1 mbar, and melting the crushed product while vaporizing the impurities contained therein. 1. A process for producing low-lead niobium-based ferroalloys comprising:charging niobium ore concentrate to a metallothermic reaction chamber;admixing the ore concentrate with a reducing agent;reducing the pressure in the reaction chamber to below atmospheric pressure;initiating a metallothermic reaction; andrecovering a reaction product by allowing the reaction product to solidify and cool.2. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein an energy booster is added to the resulting admixture prior to the metallothermic reaction.3. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein one or more elements selected from the group consisting of chromium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , iron claim 1 , and nickel claim 1 , oxides of any of the foregoing claim 1 , and mixtures thereof is added to the admixture prior to the metallothermic reaction.4. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the metallothermic reaction is conducted under a reduced pressure ranging from 100 to 300 mbar.5. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein the niobium ore concentrate is admixed with or replaced by NbO claim 1 , NbO claim 1 , NbO or an admixture thereof.6. The process as recited in claim 1 , further comprising: ...

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Номер записи: 23
12-01-2017 дата публикации

Methods and systems for increasing the carbon content of sponge iron in a reduction furnace

Номер: US20170009309A1
Автор: Mirmohammadyousef MOTAMEDHASHEMI
Принадлежит: Midrex Technologies Inc

A method for producing direct reduced iron having increased carbon content, comprising: providing a carbon monoxide-rich gas stream; and delivering the carbon-monoxide-rich gas stream to a direct reduction furnace and exposing partially or completely reduced iron oxide to the carbon monoxide-rich gas stream to increase the carbon content of resulting direct reduced iron. The carbon monoxide-rich gas stream is delivered to one or more of a transition zone and a cooling zone of the direct reduction furnace. Optionally, providing the carbon monoxide-rich gas stream comprises initially providing one of a reformed gas stream from a reformer and a syngas stream from a syngas source. Optionally, the carbon monoxide-rich gas stream is derived, at least in part, from a carbon monoxide recovery unit that forms the carbon monoxide-rich gas stream and an effluent gas stream. Optionally, the method still further includes providing a hydrocarbon-rich gas stream to one or more of a transition zone and a cooling zone of the direct reduction furnace, with and/or separate from the carbon monoxide-rich gas stream.

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Номер записи: 24
12-01-2017 дата публикации

Energy efficient salt-free recovery of metal from dross

Номер: US20170009319A1
Автор: Francois RIVARD, Michel G. Drouet, Pierre Carabin
Принадлежит: Pyrogenesis Canada Inc

A process and an apparatus are disclosed for improved recovery of metal from hot and cold dross, wherein a dross-treating furnace is provided with a filling material with good capacity to store heat. This filling material is preheated to a desired temperature by injection of an oxidizing gas to burn non-recoverable metal remaining in the filling material after tapping of the recoverable metal contained in the dross and discharging of the treatment residue. When dross is treated in such furnace, the heat emanating by conduction from the filling material is sufficient to melt and separate the recoverable metal contained in the dross, without addition of an external heat source, such as fuel or gas burners, plasma torches or electric arcs and without use of any salt fluxes. Furthermore, the recovered metal being in the molten state can be fed to the molten metal holding furnace without cooling the melt; in addition, the non-use of fluxing salt for the treatment means that the non-contaminated residue can be used as a cover for the electrolytic cells in the case of aluminum. In the case of zinc dross, the residue is a valuable zinc oxide by-product very low in contaminants.

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Номер записи: 25
14-01-2016 дата публикации

Injecting Gas Into A Vessel

Номер: US20160010922A1
Автор: Cady Barry Alan
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for injecting gas into a vessel is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a gas flow duct from which to discharge gas from the duct, an elongate central structure extending within the gas flow duct, and a plurality of flow directing vanes disposed about the central structure adjacent the forward end of the duct to impart swirl to a gas flow through the forward end of the duct. The apparatus also comprises cooling water flow passages in the vanes that have inlets at the forward ends of the vanes and outlets at the rear ends of the vanes. 1. A vaned structure to impose swirl to a gas flow , comprising a tubular hub and a plurality of vanes extending along the hub in a multi-start spiraling formation , wherein the vanes are formed with internal cooling water flow passages extending between inlets toward one end of the hub and outlets toward the other end of the hub.2. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the inlets and outlets are provided by slots extending radially through the hub.3. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the vanes are made of steel.4. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cooling water flow passages in the vanes extend between their inlets and outlets in serpentine paths that define multiple passes between the front and rear ends of the vanes.5. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cooling water flow passages in the vanes extend from their inlets backwardly along outer parts of the vanes.6. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the cooling water flow passages in the vanes extend from their inlets backwardly along outer parts of the vanes to the rear end of the vanes then forwardly to the forward ends of the vanes and thence along inner parts of the vanes to their outlets.7. The vaned structure as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the vanes have side walls and hollow interiors divided by interior baffles to form the cooling water flow passages therein.8. The vaned ...

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Номер записи: 26
19-01-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPERATING A SHAFT FURNACE

Номер: US20170016673A1
Автор: KANNAPPEL Martin, KLOCK Rainer
Принадлежит:

A method for operating a shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace, is disclosed wherein at least one gas is introduced into the furnace. To achieve an acceleration of the reaction processes in the furnace, shockwaves are introduced into the furnace. 18.-. (canceled).9. A method for operating a shaft furnace , comprising:introducing at least one gas into the furnace; andintroducing shockwaves into the furnace.10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said step of introducing shockwaves into the furnace is initiated by opening a closable valve.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein said opening step comprises opening the closable valve for less than 6 miliseconds.12. The method of claim 10 , wherein said closable valve is pneumatically controlled.1310. The method of claim 9 , wherein said shockwaves are generated from a pressure reservoir having pressurized gas contained therein that has an internal gas pressure of at least bar.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pressurized gas contained in the pressure reservoir claim 13 , which is used to generate the shockwaves into the furnace claim 13 , is a treatment gas required for a reaction process in the furnace.15. The method of claim 10 , wherein said opening step comprises opening the closable valve for a time period between 0.05 seconds and 0.7 seconds.16. The method of claim 9 , wherein said at least one gas is a gas with oxidizing action. The invention relates to a method for operating a shaft furnace, in particular a blast furnace, wherein at least one gas is introduced into the furnace.A shaft furnace is a furnace whose geometrical basic shape is “shaft-like”. Typically, the height of shaft furnaces greatly exceeds their width and their depth. The basic shape of a shaft furnace often corresponds to a hollow cylinder, a hollow cone or a combination of both shapes. It is normally the case that combustion, reduction and melting processes occur in a shaft furnace, wherein the gases that are generated in the furnace ...

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Номер записи: 27
18-01-2018 дата публикации

ROTATING FURNACE INERTING

Номер: US20180017328A1
Автор: JEPSON STEWART C.
Принадлежит:

A gas inerting system and method is provided. This system includes a rotary melting furnace with a furnace barrel, a burner, and a charge of metal to be melted; and an injection manifold with a plurality of injection orifices. The burner is configured to produce a flame directed into the furnace barrel, and the plurality of injection orifices are configured to disperse inert gas streams into the furnace barrel, into an inerting region between the burner flame and the charge of aluminum. The metal to be melted may be aluminum. The method of inerting includes rotating the rotary furnace and introducing heat into the furnace barrel by generating the flame, thereby beginning a melt cycle, then introducing the inert gas streams into an inlet to the injection manifold, thereby directing the inert gas streams through the injection orifices and into the inerting region, after a predetermined condition has been met. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the metal to be melted is aluminum.3. The gas inerting system of claim 1 , wherein the injection manifold has a semicircular shape claim 1 , wherein the plurality of injection orifices is generally equidistant from the burner.4. A method of inerting claim 1 , utilizing the system of claim 1 , the method comprising:rotating the rotary furnace and introducing heat into the furnace barrel by generating the flame, thereby beginning a melt cycle,introducing the inert gas streams into an inlet to the injection manifold, thereby directing the inert gas streams through the injection orifices and into the inerting region, after a predetermined condition has been met.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined condition is selected from the group consisting of:at the start of a breakdown phase,at a predetermined time after the beginning of the melt cycle, andat a predetermined time prior to the end of the melt cycle.6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined time prior to the end of the melt cycle is 10 minutes.7. The ...

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Номер записи: 28
18-01-2018 дата публикации

VORTEX WELL INERTING

Номер: US20180017329A1
Автор: JEPSON STEWART C.
Принадлежит:

A method of providing an inerting atmosphere to the surface of molten aluminum in a vortex charge well of a reverberatory melting furnace is provided. The purpose is to improve aluminum recovery (reduce aluminum oxidation melt loss) by displacing the ambient atmosphere above the molten vortex with an inert gas. The method includes introducing a flow of an inerting gas into an inerting region immediately above the surface of the vortex charge well. The inerting gas may be selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, argon, or a mixture thereof. The inerting gas may be introduced into the charge inlet chute, through a diffuser, or a ring manifold. The vortex charge well may include a lid. 1. A method of providing an inerting atmosphere to the surface of molten aluminum in a vortex charge well of a reverberatory melting furnace , the method comprising: introducing a flow of an inerting gas into an inerting region immediately above the surface of the vortex charge well.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inerting gas is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen claim 1 , argon claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inerting gas is introduced into the inerting region through a diffuser.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the diffuser is positioned proximate to the surface of the vortex charge well.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vortex charge well further comprises a lid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inerting gas is introduced into the inerting region thorough a ring manifold.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein vortex charge well comprises a vortex headspace comprising a top circumference claim 6 , and wherein the ring manifold is positioned near the top circumference of the vortex headspace.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the inerting gas is introduced into the inerting region thorough a partial ring manifold.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein vortex charge well comprises a vortex headspace comprising a top ...

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Номер записи: 29
21-01-2021 дата публикации

Tuyere for a basic oxygen furnace

Номер: US20210017616A1
Автор: Anandkumar Makwana, Anup Vasant Sane, Gregory J. Buragino, Michael David Buzinski
Принадлежит: Air Products and Chemicals Inc

A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle Θ from 15° to 35° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

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Номер записи: 30
02-02-2017 дата публикации

Method for Producing High-Purity Calcium

Номер: US20170029921A1
Автор: Takahata Masahiro
Принадлежит:

A high-purity calcium and method of producing same are provided. The method includes performing first sublimation purification by introducing calcium starting material having a purity, excluding gas components, of 4N or less into a crucible of a sublimation vessel, subjecting the starting material to sublimation by heating at 750° C. to 800° C., and causing the product to deposit or evaporate onto the inside walls of the sublimation vessel; and then, once the calcium that has been subjected to first sublimation purification is recovered, performing second sublimation purification by introducing the recovered calcium again to the crucible to the sublimation vessel, heating the recovered calcium at 750° C. to 800° C., and causing the product to similarly deposit or evaporate on the inside walls of the sublimation vessel thereby recovering calcium having a purity of 4N5 or higher. 1. High-purity calcium having a purity of 4N5 or higher produced by a process comprising the steps of:charging calcium starting material having a purity, excluding the gas components, of 4N or less into a crucible of a sublimation vessel;performing first sublimation purification by heating at 750° C. to 800° C. so that calcium is sublimated and deposits (evaporates) onto the inner side wall of the sublimation vessel;recovering the calcium purified by the first sublimation purification;charging the calcium into a crucible of a sublimation vessel again;performing second sublimation purification by heating at 750° C. to 800° C. so that the calcium is sublimated and deposits (evaporates) onto the inner side wall of the sublimation vessel; andrecovering the calcium having a purity of 4N5 or higher.2. The high-purity calcium according to claim 1 , wherein the high-purity calcium contains less than 5 ppm of each transition metal element.3. The high-purity calcium according to claim 1 , wherein the high-purity calcium contains less than 1 ppm of each transition metal element. This application is a ...

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Номер записи: 31
04-02-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING HIGH PURITY MANGANESE AND HIGH PURITY MANGANESE

Номер: US20160032427A1
Автор: Yagi Kazuto
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high purity Mn, the method comprising: placing a Mn raw material in a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM furnace) at a melting temperature of 1240 to 1400° C. under an inert atmosphere of 500 Torr or less; then adding calcium in a range between 0.5 and 2.0% of the weight of Mn to perform deoxidation and desulfurization; casting the resultant in an iron mold after the completion of the deoxidation and desulfurization to manufacture an ingot; then placing the Mn ingot in a skull melting furnace; reducing pressure to 10Torr or less with a vacuum pump; starting heating and keeping the Mn in a molten state for 10 to 60 minutes; and then ending the melting reaction for obtaining a high purity metal Mn. Provided is a method for manufacturing a high purity metal Mn from a commercially available electrolytic Mn. In particular, an object is to obtain a high purity metal Mn in which the amount of impurities such as B, Mg, Al and Si is small. 1. A method for manufacturing a high purity Mn , the method comprising: placing a Mn raw material in a magnesia crucible to perform melting with the use of a vacuum induction melting furnace (VIM furnace) at a melting temperature of 1240 to 1400° C. under an inert atmosphere of 500 Torr or less; then adding calcium (Ca) in a range between 0.5 and 2.0% of the weight of Mn to perform deoxidation and desulfurization; casting the resultant in an iron mold after the completion of the deoxidation and desulfurization to manufacture an ingot; then placing the Mn ingot in a skull melting furnace; reducing pressure to 10Torr or less with a vacuum pump; starting heating and keeping the Mn in a molten state for 10 to 60 minutes; and then ending the melting reaction for obtaining a high purity Mn.2. A high purity Mn refined via vacuum induction melting (VIM) and skull melting , wherein a total amount of B , Mg , Al , Si , S , Ca , Cr ...

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Номер записи: 32
01-02-2018 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND PROCESS FOR SEPARATING AND RECOVERING THE COMPONENTS OF AN ALLOY, PARTICULARLY A NOBLE ALLOY

Номер: US20180030570A1
Автор: BOROVKOV Denis, Faoro Giovanni, GROKHOVSKY Sergey, KHLEBNIKOV Aleksandr, MEDVEDEV Sergey
Принадлежит:

An apparatus for separating and recovering the components of an alloy, particularly a noble alloy, including a high vacuum chamber housing at least one crucible for the alloy to be separated; at least one heating element arranged, during use, around the crucible; at least one condensation device, which faces, during use, an upper mouth of the crucible. The particularity of the present invention resides in that the condensation device includes at least one cold element and at least one deflector that is adapted to divert the flow of the aeriform substances derived from the melting and evaporation of the alloy toward the cold element. The invention also relates to a process for separating and recovering the components of an alloy, particularly a noble alloy. 1. An apparatus for separating and recovering the components of an alloy , particularly a noble alloy , comprising a high vacuum chamber housing at least one crucible for the alloy to be separated; at least one heating element arranged , during use , around said crucible; at least one condensation device , which faces , during use , an upper mouth of said crucible; said apparatus being characterized in that said condensation device comprises at least one cold element and at least one deflector that diverts the flow of the aeriform substances derived from the melting and evaporation of said alloy toward said cold element.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said cold element comprises at least one exchange surface that is cooled by a cooling fluid supplied by a cooling means.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said cold element comprises a hollow body that is delimited by a first substantially cylindrical lateral wall closed by a substantially disk-shaped upper wall; at least one portion of said lateral wall forming said exchange surface.4. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said first lateral wall comprises an interspace provided with channels supplied with said cooling fluid; said ...

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Номер записи: 33
30-01-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR FILTERING METALS

Номер: US20200030876A1
Автор: Caron Francis, CÔTÉ Patrice, DesMueles Jean-Francois, Dumont Robert
Принадлежит:

An apparatus and method for filtering molten metal (M), such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy includes at least one ceramic foam filter or any other type of filtration media such as porous tube or alumina balls disposed in a receptacle () for the molten metal (M). A vibrator vibrates at least one of the filter, the receptacle () or the metal and may be used to induce priming, filtering and/or drainage of the filter. The vibrator may be retrofitted to an existing filter system and may be adjustable in frequency and amplitude. The vibration may be continuous over a given period or produced in a single shock. 1. A filter device , comprising:a receptacle for molten metal, the receptacle having an inlet through which the metal may enter the receptacle and an outlet through which the metal may exit the receptacle;a filter element within the receptacle positioned between the inlet and the outlet, the filter capable of passing molten metal there through; anda vibrator capable of inducing vibrations in the metal.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the vibrator contacts a surface of the receptacle.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the vibrator has a driven element that contacts the metal.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the driven element is immersed in the metal.5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the device has an arm extending between the vibrator and the driven element claim 4 , and wherein the arm is L-shaped.6. The device of claim 5 , further comprising a support for the receptacle and wherein the arm is attached to the support.7. The device of claim 6 , further comprising at least one resilient element interposed between the arm and the support enabling the arm to vibrate under the influence of the vibrator at least partially independently of the support.8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the vibrator is at least one of electrically claim 1 , pneumatically or hydraulically driven.9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the vibrator generates a force with a direction ...

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Номер записи: 34
11-02-2016 дата публикации

ROTARY DEGASSER AND ROTOR THEREFOR

Номер: US20160040265A1
Автор: Cooper Paul V.
Принадлежит:

A device for dispersing gas into molten metal includes an impeller, a drive shaft having a gas-transfer passage therein, and a first end and a second end, and a drive source. The second end of the drive shaft is connected to the impeller and the first end is connected to the drive source. The impeller includes a first portion and a second portion with a plurality of cavities. The first portion covers the second portion to help prevent gas from escaping to the surface without entering the cavities and being mixed with molten metal as the impeller rotates. When gas is transferred through the gas-transfer passage, it exits through the gas-release opening(s) in the bottom of the impeller. At least some of the gas enters the cavities where it is mixed with the molten metal being displaced by the impeller. Also disclosed are impellers that can be used to practice the invention. 1. A device for releasing and mixing gas into molten metal , the device comprising:(a) a motor;(b) a drive shaft having a first end connected to the motor and a second end, the drive shaft having a passage through which gas can travel and opening at the second end through which the gas is released; and (i) a gas-release opening through which gas from the second end of the drive shaft is released;', '(ii) a top portion having a lower surface;', '(iii) a second portion below the lower surface of the top portion and connected to the lower surface, the second portion including a lower surface, a plurality of cavities and a protrusion between each of the plurality of cavities, wherein each protrusion has an edge for shearing gas as the impeller rotates, and the cavities, protrusions and edges are covered by the lower surface of the top portion;', 'wherein when gas is released from the gas-release opening it rises into the plurality of cavities and the lower surface of the top portion helps to retain the gas in the plurality of cavities to help mix the gas and molten metal, and the edges of the ...

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Номер записи: 35
06-02-2020 дата публикации

RECYCLED ALUMINUM ROD

Номер: US20200040429A1
Автор: Luma Dennis B.
Принадлежит: Superior Aluminum Alloys, LLC

A rod made of recycled aluminum that can be used to deoxidize steel during the refining process is the subject of this application. The method of producing such recycled aluminum rod is also explained. 1. A rod for use in steel refining comprising:a rod being composed of recycled material having at least 92% by weight of aluminum and having no more than 5% by weight of any other component; andthe rod having a stiffness from about 30,000 to about 32,000 KSI.2. The rod of wherein the rod has been subjected to an elevated temperature of at least 1 claim 1 ,000° F. for at least 2 hours.3. The rod of wherein the rod has at least 94% by weight of aluminum.4. The rod of wherein the rod has been subjected to an elevated temperature from about 1100° F. to about 1150° F. for a time period from about 3 to about 4 hours.5. The rod of wherein the rod has been subjected to an elevated temperature of about 800° F. to about 850° F. for a time of about 4 hours to about 5 hours.6. The method of forming a rod used in steel refining comprising:heating scrap aluminum in a furnace to a temperature above the melting point for the scrap aluminum;introducing chlorine gas into the furnace to where the scrap aluminum is being heated, the chlorine gas removing magnesium from the scrap aluminum;forming the heated scrap aluminum removed from the furnace into a rod by passing the scrap aluminum through at least one forming roller;quenching the rod produced by the at least one forming roller to reduce the temperature of the scrap aluminum rod;winding the quenched scrap aluminum rod on a spool;heating the scrap aluminum rod on the spool to a temperature slightly below the melting point of the scrap aluminum for a period of time to anneal the scrap aluminum rod.7. the method of in which the scrap aluminum rod on the spool is heated to a temperate of at least 1000° F. for at least 2 hours.8. The method of in which the scrap aluminum rod on the spool is heated to about 1100° F. to about 1150° F. for a ...

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Номер записи: 36
18-02-2016 дата публикации

Oxygen Lance With At Least One Coil

Номер: US20160047601A1
Автор: Calvi John Adrian, DURAN Rodolfo Daniel
Принадлежит:

An oxygen lance assembly that is at least capable of moving towards or away from the object to be lanced, said assembly including a supply of gaseous oxygen and metallic tubing wherein the oxygen supply is continuously feed through the said tubing when the lance is in use, and the said lance assembly includes a reel, and the said metallic tubing is coiled upon and carried by the said reel, and when in use, the metallic tubing is continuously uncoiled from the said reel as the said metallic tubing is consumed during use. 1. A lance assembly for lancing any one of a plurality of spaced apart tapping holes in a furnace side wall , wherein the lance assembly is supported on a movable frame , and the frame is adapted to enable the lancing assembly to move in three dimensions so that the lance assembly is able to be aligned with specific tapping hole to be lanced , and lances the tapping hole from the exterior face of the side wall , and wherein said lance assembly has at least one coil of metallic tubing that defines a first coil bank that is supported on a first reel , and a supply of gaseous oxygen that is adapted to be releasably connected to the trailing end of the first coil bank , and said lance assembly has first unwinding means that are adapted to draw the tubing off the first reel and forcing it through first straightening means so that the tube is thereby straightened , defining a first lance , so that during operation of the lance assembly , when the first lance is in use , oxygen flows through the first coil bank and the first lance , and the first unwinding means are adapted to draw the tubing off the first reel at the same rate that the tube is consumed during the lancing operation.2. A lance assembly as defined in wherein the assembly has a second reel that is adapted to support at least one coil of metallic tubing that defines a second coil bank claim 1 , independent of the first coil bank claim 1 , and wherein a supply of gaseous oxygen is adapted to be ...

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Номер записи: 37
15-02-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PURIFYING AND CASTING MATERIALS

Номер: US20180044761A1
Автор: Li Jianxing, Meyer Wayne D., Mitchell Glenn M., Ruggiero Marc D., Steele David E., Sundarraj Suresh
Принадлежит:

A method of purifying and casting a material comprising placing a material to be purified within a crucible, the crucible located within a purification chamber; providing thermal energy to the material to maintain the material in a molten state; providing a purification gas into the molten material to purify the material until a first measured condition is attained; passing the material in a fluid state from the purification chamber having a first atmosphere to a casting chamber having a second atmosphere, the purification chamber in fluid communication with the casting chamber such that the material passes from the purification chamber to the casting chamber without exposure to a third atmosphere; placing the material into a mold within the casting chamber; cooling the material within the mold to form a cast material. 110-. (canceled)11. An apparatus comprising: a crucible positioned within the purification chamber and constructed to retain a metallic material in a molten state;', 'a purification supply channel constructed to provide a purification gas to within the molten metallic material;, 'a purification chamber having a top, a bottom, and a wall extending between the top and bottom, the purification chamber forming a first enclosed environment having a first atmosphere;'} 'a mold positioned within the casting chamber and constructed to receive the metallic material in the molten state;', 'a casting chamber having a top, a bottom, and wall extending between the top and bottom, the casting chamber forming a second enclosed environment having a second atmosphere and in fluid communication with the purification chamber;'}a conduit located between the purification chamber and the casting chamber, the conduit constructed to regulate flow of the molten metallic material between the purification chamber and the casting chamber such that the metallic material flows from the purification chamber to the casting chamber without exposure to a third atmosphere; anda purge ...

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Номер записи: 38
08-05-2014 дата публикации

Ultrasonic Device with Integrated Gas Delivery System

Номер: US20140123812A1
Автор: Gill Kevin S., Rundquist Victor F.
Принадлежит: Southwire Company

Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath through the tip of the ultrasonic device. 118-. (canceled)20. The ultrasonic device of claim 19 , wherein the probe is a unitary part.21. The ultrasonic device of claim 20 , wherein the probe comprises a Sialon claim 20 , a Silicon carbide claim 20 , a Boron carbide claim 20 , a Boron nitride claim 20 , a Silicon nitride claim 20 , an Aluminum nitride claim 20 , an Aluminum oxide claim 20 , a Zirconia claim 20 , or a combination thereof.22. The ultrasonic device of claim 20 , wherein the probe comprises a Sialon.23. The ultrasonic device of claim 19 , wherein the probe is secured to the ultrasonic transducer with an attachment nut.24. The ultrasonic device of claim 19 , wherein the probe has a radius of curvature of at least about ½-inch on an attachment side of the probe.25. The ultrasonic device of claim 19 , wherein:the probe comprises a Sialon;the probe is generally cylindrical; andthe ultrasonic device further comprises a booster between the ultrasonic transducer and the probe.26. The ultrasonic device of claim 25 , wherein the length to diameter ratio is in a range from about 7:1 to about 22:1.27. The ultrasonic device of claim 25 , wherein a ratio of the cross-sectional area of the tip of the probe to the cross-sectional area of the gas outlet is in a range from about 60:1 to about 750:1.28. A method for reducing an amount of a dissolved gas and/or an impurity in a molten metal bath claim 25 , the method comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00019', 'claim 19'}, '(a) operating the ultrasonic device of in the molten metal bath; and'}(b) introducing a purging gas through the gas delivery system and into the molten metal bath at a rate in a range from about 0.1 to about 150 L/min.29. The method of claim 28 , wherein:the dissolved gas comprises ...

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Номер записи: 39
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Blast furnace operation method

Номер: US20160053338A1
Автор: Akinori Murao, Daiki Fujiwara
Принадлежит: JFE Steel Corp

A method is provided for operating a blast furnace by blowing at least a solid reducing material and a combustible gas into the furnace through tuyeres with a lance inserted into a blowpipe, wherein a tube-bundle type lance obtained by bundling a plurality of blowing tubes is used and when only a solid reducing material or two kinds of a solid reducing material and a combustible gas or three kinds of a solid reducing material, a combustible gas and a gaseous reducing material is simultaneously blown into an inside of the blast furnace through a tube for blowing the solid reducing material, a tube for blowing the combustible gas and a tube for blowing the gaseous reducing material in the tube-bundle type lance, two or more tube-bundle type lances are inserted into the blowpipe to approximate their front ends to each other and blowing is performed so that the respective blowout streams interfere with each other in the blowpipe.

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Номер записи: 40
25-02-2016 дата публикации

MOLTEN METAL TREATMENT LANCE

Номер: US20160053339A1
Автор: Hicks James R., Schonberger Kent M., Smith Matthew C.
Принадлежит: J.W. Hicks, Inc.

A molten metal treatment lance includes a refractory having at least one channel extending through the refractory. A first tubular member having two open ends is located in the channel of the refractory. The first tubular member has a side wall having an inner surface and an outer surface. A second tubular member having an open end and a closed end is positioned in the first tubular member. The second tubular member has a side wall having an inner surface, an outer surface and at least one opening extending from the inner surface of the side wall of the second tubular member to the outer surface of the side wall of the second tubular member. The second tubular member is positioned in the first tubular member so as to form a space between the inner surface of the side wall of the first tubular member and the outer surface of the side wall of the second tubular member. 120-. (canceled)21. A treatment lance , including:a refractory having a first end, a second end with an opening therein and a channel extending from the first end to the opening in the second end;a first tubular member located at least partially within the channel of the refractory, the first tubular member having a first end and a side wall extending from the first end to a second end having an opening therein, the side wall of the first tubular member defining a channel and having an inner surface and an outer surface;a second tubular member having a first end, a second closed end and a side wall extending between the first and second ends and defining a channel, the side wall having an inner surface and an outer surface; andmeans for permitting a gas introduced into the channel of the second tubular member to flow from the channel of the second tubular member to the opening in the second end of the refractory.22. The treatment lance according to claim 21 , wherein the means for permitting gas to flow to the opening in the second end of the refractory includes at least one opening in the side wall of ...

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Номер записи: 41
25-02-2016 дата публикации

ROTOR AND ROTOR SHAFT FOR MOLTEN METAL

Номер: US20160053762A1
Автор: Cooper Paul V.
Принадлежит:

A molten metal rotor receives and retains an end of a molten metal rotor shaft. The rotor shaft has one or more projections at the end received in the rotor. The rotor has an inner cavity, a top surface with an opening leading to the inner cavity, and at least one abutment. The opening includes one or more portions for allowing each projection to pass through the opening and into the inner cavity. The rotor and/or shaft are then rotated so at least one of the outwardly-extending projections is under the top surface of the rotor and is against an abutment. A molten metal pump, rotary degasser scrap melter or other device used in molten metal may utilize a rotor/shaft combination as disclosed herein. 1. A rotor having a cavity for receiving an end of a rotor shaft , the rotor cavity having a top surface with an opening through which the end of the rotor shaft passes and is received in the cavity , the opening leading to the cavity and having at least one elongated section , and the cavity including at least one abutment in the cavity.2. The rotor of wherein the opening includes a plurality of elongated sections in the opening.3. The rotor of that has three elongated sections.4. The rotor of wherein the cavity has a diameter and the opening has a width claim 1 , the width of the opening being less than the diameter of the cavity.5. The rotor of wherein the opening has a first width that does not include the elongated section and a second width that includes the elongated section claim 1 , the first width being less than the second width.6. The rotor of wherein the cavity has a diameter and the first width and second width are each less than the diameter.7. The rotor of wherein the top surface comprises ceramic.8. The rotor of that comprises one or more of the group comprising ceramic and graphite.9. A rotor shaft having a first end that is received in a coupling and a second end for connecting to a rotor claim 1 , the second end having at least one outward-extending ...

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Номер записи: 42
25-02-2016 дата публикации

Lance and method for determining reaction data of the course of a reaction

Номер: US20160054282A1
Автор: Gunter LENGAUER, Harald Panhofer, Stefan Schuster
Принадлежит: VOESTALPINE STAHL GMBH

A lance and a method determine reaction data of the course of a reaction, in which a reaction gas is top-blown by at least one lance onto a metallic melt in a metallurgical vessel and measured data are determined in this way, reaction data for the course of the reaction are determined as a function of these, where the lance for determining measured data blows out a gas which is conveyed separately from the reaction gas through at least one outlet opening of at least one measuring conduit. The lance for determining measured data blows out the gas which is conveyed separately from the reaction gas laterally through at least one outlet opening of at least one measuring conduit and the internal pressure of at least one gas bubble of this gas formed at this outlet opening of the respective measuring conduit is measured.

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Номер записи: 43
23-02-2017 дата публикации

LANCE NOZZLE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LANCE NOZZLE AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING LANCE NOZZLE

Номер: US20170051370A1
Автор: LEE Hae-Yang
Принадлежит: SEOUL ENGINEERING CO., LTD.

Provided is a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a lance nozzle comprising: a casting step for primarily manufacturing the lance nozzle comprising a plurality of discharge pipes, which discharge a gas supplied through an inlet to an outlet, and a front wall with a plurality of discharge holes, each of which is connected to the outlet of the discharge pipe; and a forging step for forming forging structure by forging a circumference of the discharge holes in a front surface of the front wall positioned on an opposite side to the discharge pipes. 1. A method for manufacturing a lance nozzle comprising:a casting step for primarily manufacturing the lance nozzle comprising a plurality of discharge pipes, which discharge a gas supplied through an inlet to an outlet, and a front wall with a plurality of discharge holes, each of which is connected to the outlet of the discharge pipe; anda forging step for forming forging structure by forging a circumference of the discharge holes in a front surface of the front wall positioned on an opposite side to the discharge pipes.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in the casting step claim 1 , a closing member is formed in the inside of the discharge pipe and parts other than a front portion of the discharge pipe are closed by the closing member claim 1 , and in the forging step claim 1 , a forging process is made in a state of forming the closing member.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:an opening step of opening the discharge pipe by eliminating the closing member, after the forging step.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:after the casting step and before the forging step,a rough machining step for rough machining the front surface of the lance nozzle.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising:after the forging step,a finish machining step for eliminating a stair gap between the forging structure and portions other than the forging structure of the front surface via finish machining.6. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 44
23-02-2017 дата публикации

SECURING DEVICE FOR A CYLINDRICAL CERAMIC HOLLOW BODY AND FIREPROOF CERAMIC GAS PURGING BRICK HAVING SUCH TYPE OF SECURING DEVICE

Номер: US20170051979A1
Автор: Handle Bernhard, Zivanovic Bojan
Принадлежит:

To improve the position of a cylindrical ceramic hollow body the invention relates to a securing device with the following characteristics in its operational position: A base body which, with its bottom and a circumferential wall, defines a cylindrical space with a corresponding central longitudinal axis, the bottom features an opening whose longitudinal axis aligns with the central longitudinal axis the bottom features a ring-shaped channel which extends concentrically around the opening. at least an inner wall of the channel which is adjacent to the opening consists of a material which is plastically ductile under the application of pressure, a ring-shaped compact whose radial wall cross-section increases in size upwards from a lower free end, so that the inner wall of the channel deforms plastically, thereby reducing the cross section of the opening, after the compact is pressed into the channel. 1. Securing device for a cylindrical ceramic hollow body (SR) with the following characteristics in its operational position:{'b': 12', '12', '12', '12, 'a) a base body () which, with its bottom (B) and a circumferential wall (W), defines a cylindrical space (R) with a corresponding central longitudinal axis (M),'}{'b': 12', '12, 'b) the bottom (B) features an opening (O) whose longitudinal axis (L) aligns with the central longitudinal axis (M)'}{'b': 12', '14', '12, 'c) the bottom (B) features a ring-shaped channel (N) which extends concentrically around the opening (O).'}{'b': 14', '14', '12, 'd) at least an inner wall (I) of the channel (N) which is adjacent to the opening (O) consists of a material which is plastically ductile under the application of pressure,'}{'b': 16', '16', '14', '14', '12', '16', '14, 'e) a ring-shaped compact () whose radial wall cross-section increases in size upwards from a lower free end (U), so that the inner wall (I) of the channel (N) deforms plastically, thereby reducing the cross section of the opening (O), after the compact () is ...

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Номер записи: 45
10-03-2022 дата публикации

IMPROVED METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH PURITY LEAD

Номер: US20220074022A1
Автор: Coletti Bert, De Visscher Yves, Geenen Charles, Goris Jan Dirk A., Govaerts Koen, Lemmens Pelle, Mannaerts Kris
Принадлежит: METALLO BELGIUM

Disclosed is a process for the production of a purified soft lead product, including a first distillation step for distilling lead from a molten solder mixture to produce as overhead a first concentrated lead stream and as first bottom product a molten crude tin mixture. The process also includes a soft lead refining step for removing at least one contaminant selected from arsenic, tin and/or antimony from the first concentrated lead stream by treating the stream at a temperature of less than 600° C. with a first base and a first oxidant stronger than air, resulting in the formation of a third supernatant dross containing a metalate compound of the contaminant, followed by separating the third supernatant dross from the purified soft lead stream or product, whereby the third supernatant dross contains at most 1.0% wt of chlorine. 1. A process for the production of a purified soft lead product , comprising:a) a first distillation step for distilling lead from a molten solder mixture comprising lead and tin to produce as the overhead product a first concentrated lead stream and as the first bottom product a molten crude tin mixture, andb) a soft lead refining step for removing at least one contaminant selected from the metals arsenic, tin and antimony from the first concentrated lead stream obtained in step a) by treating the first concentrated lead stream at a temperature of less than 600° C. with a first base and a first oxidant stronger than air, resulting in the formation of a third supernatant dross containing a metalate compound of the corresponding contaminant metal, followed by separating the third supernatant dross from the purified soft lead stream and obtain the purified soft lead product,whereby the third supernatant dross from step (b) contains at most 1.0% wt of chlorine.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the first oxidant stronger than air in step (b) is selected from NaNO3 claim 1 , Pb(NO3)2 claim 1 , KNO3 claim 1 , ozone claim 1 , nitric ...

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Номер записи: 46
22-05-2014 дата публикации

MELTING REDUCTION ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A MELTING REDUCTION ASSEMBLY

Номер: US20140138883A1
Автор: Berner Franz, Plaul Jan-Friedemann, Wieder Kurt, Wurm Johann
Принадлежит: Siemens VAI Metals Technologies GmbH

A melting reduction assembly () has a melting gasification zone, including a packed bed () formed by solid carbon carriers and ferrous input materials, the zone has a lower section for receiving liquid pig iron () or raw steel material and liquid slag (), a tap () for liquid slag and liquid pig iron. A plurality of oxygen nozzles () supplies oxygen. The nozzles are in at least two nozzle planes arranged spaced apart from each other and parallel in the vertical direction and horizontally distributed over the circumstances of the shell () of the melting reduction assembly () and arranged offset to each other in their respective nozzle planes. 1. A melting reduction assembly comprising;an enclosure defined by a shell,loading devices for loading solid carbon carriers and ferrous input materials in the enclosure;a melting gasification zone in the enclosure and which comprises a packed bed formed by the solid carbon carriers and the ferrous input materials, the melting gasification zone having a lower section for receiving liquid pig iron or raw steel material and liquid slag and having a tap for outlet of liquid slag and liquid pig iron;a plurality of oxygen nozzles arranged in the shell of the melting reduction assembly, and a plurality of supply lines for feeding oxygen-containing gas or oxygen to the oxygen nozzles, the oxygen nozzles having outlets, the oxygen nozzles being in a ring circuit which surrounds the shell of the melting reduction assembly in a ring form, the plurality of oxygen nozzles are arranged distributed in at least two parallel nozzle planes arranged spaced apart from one another in a vertical direction, the nozzles being horizontally distributed around the periphery of the shell in the at least two nozzle planes; the nozzles are arranged offset to one another, wherein the vertical spacing between the nozzle planes at the vertical spacing between the exit openings of the oxygen nozzles is smaller than, or at most equal to, the horizontal spacing ...

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Номер записи: 47
27-02-2020 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR APPLYING CERAMIC FOAM FILTERS FOR THE REMOVAL OF UNWANTED INCLUSIONS FROM METAL MELTS

Номер: US20200061697A1
Автор: FAGERLIE John Olav, HAUGEN Terje, STEEN Idar Kjetil, TUNDAL Ulf Håkon
Принадлежит: NORSK HYDRO ASA

Apparatus and a method for filtering molten metal, in particular aluminium, including a container () with a removable lid () provided on top of the container to keep the container sealed (air tight) during operation, the container () being provided with an inlet chamber () having an inlet opening () receiving metal from a metal supply launder () and outlet chamber () with outlet opening () connected to a launder segment (′). The container further being provided with partition wall () between the inlet chamber () and outlet chamber () and with ceramic foam filter () mounted in the outlet chamber. The inlet chamber () and outlet chamber () are provided side by side within the container () and being split by the partition wall () extending from the bottom of the container and upwardly to a preset level of the container interior height. The container () is connected in parallel with the metal supply launder () via stubs (′) that communicates with the inlet () and outlet () openings respectively, the launder () being provided with a dam () or valve device downstream the outlet () of the container () and another dam or valve device () between the said launder stubs (′ and ′). Inside the container () there is further arranged a second outlet chamber () with a filter (′) that when in use, communicates with the first outlet chamber () via a space above a partition wall () extending from the bottom of the container and upwardly to a preset level of the container interior height, where the second outlet chamber () has one outlet () provided by a stub (′) connected to a launder segment (″) being in connection with metal supply launder (). The second outlet chamber () is used for increasing the filter capacity when producing metal with a high cleanliness. 112012510361082317231811056561014611356. Apparatus for filtering molten metal , in particular aluminium , including a container () with an outer shell or casing of metal and an inner thermally insulated interior cladding or ...

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Номер записи: 48
10-03-2016 дата публикации

Thermal reduction apparatus for metal production, gate device, condensing system, and control method thereof

Номер: US20160069615A1
Автор: Dae Kyu Park, Dong Kyun Choo, Gilsoo Han, Good-Sun CHOI, Gyu Chang LEE, Jae Sin PARK, Jong Min Park, Kil Won Cho, Moon Chul Kim, Wung Yong CHOO, Young Il Kim
Принадлежит: Research Institute of Industrial Science and Technology RIST

Disclosed is a thermal reduction apparatus. The thermal reduction apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment includes: a preheating unit which preheats a to-be-reduced material and loads the to-be-reduced material into a reducing unit; the reducing unit which is connected to the preheating unit and in which a thermal reduction reaction of the to-be-reduced material occurs; a cooling unit which is connected to the reducing unit and from which the to-be-reduced material flowing into the cooling unit is unloaded to the outside; a gate device which is installed between the preheating unit and the reducing unit; a gate device which is installed between the reducing unit and the cooling unit; a condensing device which is connected to the reducing unit and condenses a metal vapor; a first blocking unit which is installed in the reducing unit; and a second blocking unit which is installed in the reducing unit so as to be spaced apart from the first blocking unit.

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Номер записи: 49
09-03-2017 дата публикации

Ultrasonic Probes with Gas Outlets for Degassing of Molten Metals

Номер: US20170067134A1
Автор: Victor F. Rundquist
Принадлежит: Southwire Co LLC

Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 50
17-03-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PROCESSING MINERAL MATERIAL CONTAINING ACID-CONSUMING CARBONATE AND PRECIOUS METAL IN SULFIDE MINERALS

Номер: US20160074872A1
Автор: GATHJE John C., KAPPES Ronel Du Plessis, ORLICH James Nicholas
Принадлежит:

Processing of mineral material containing precious metal with one or more sulfide minerals and non-sulfide gangue minerals including acid-consuming carbonate may include preparation of a sulfide concentrate by flotation with the flotation or conditioning prior to flotation using a gas comprising carbon dioxide. Flotation may be at an acidic pH without prior decomposition of the acid-consuming carbonate and may be without addition of acid for pH adjustment. 1. A method for processing mineral material containing precious metal with one or more sulfide minerals and containing non-sulfide gangue minerals comprising acid-consuming carbonate , the method comprising flotation processing , wherein the flotation processing comprises:flotation of the mineral material in aqueous liquid medium at a pH less than pH 7 with flotation gas to prepare a flotation concentrate enriched in sulfide minerals and associated precious metal relative to the mineral material as fed to the flotation and a flotation tail enriched in non-sulfide gangue minerals relative to the mineral material as fed to the flotation; and (i) the flotation gas comprises at least 5 volume percent carbon dioxide; and', '(ii) prior to the flotation, conditioning the mineral material, comprising treating a slurry including the mineral material with a conditioning gas comprising at least 5 volume percent carbon dioxide., 'at least one of the following2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the flotation is conducted at a pH of not greater than pH 6.5.3. A method according to either one of or claim 1 , wherein the flotation is conducted at a pH of not lower than pH 5.4. A method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the flotation gas comprises at least 5 volume percent carbon dioxide.5. A method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the flotation gas comprises at least 10 volume percent carbon dioxide.6. A method according to any one of - claim 1 , wherein the flotation gas comprises at least 15 volume ...

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Номер записи: 51
05-06-2014 дата публикации

TOP SUBMERGED INJECTING LANCES

Номер: US20140151942A1
Автор: Matusewicz Robert, Reuter Markus
Принадлежит: OUTOTEC OYJ

A lance for conducting a pyrometallurgical operation by top submerged lancing (TSL) injection, has inner and outer substantially concentric pipes. The lower end of the inner or at least a next innermost pipe is set at a level relative to the lower end of the outer pipe required for the pyrometallurgical operation. The relative positions of the inner and outer pipes are longitudinally adjustable to enable the length of the mixing chamber to be maintained at a desired setting during a period of use to compensate for the lower end of the outer pipe wearing and burning back. 1. A lance , for conducting a pyrometallurgical operation by top submerged lancing (TSL) injection , wherein the lance has a plurality of substantially concentric pipes including inner and outer pipes and , optionally , at least one pipe between the inner and outer pipes; the lower end of the inner or the inner pipe and at least a next outermost pipe is set substantially at a required level relative to the lower end of the outer pipe required for the pyrometallurgical operation; wherein the relative positions of the inner and outer pipes are longitudinally adjustable to enable the required set level or the length of a mixing chamber between the lower ends of the inner and outer pipes to be maintained during a period of use to compensate for the lower end of the outer pipe wearing and burning back; and wherein the lance defines at least two passages , including an annular passage defined between two of the pipes and a passage defined by the inner pipe , whereby the lance enables fuel/reductant and oxygen-containing gas to be injected separately through the lance so as to mix at the outlet ends of the inner and outer pipes and generate a combustion zone within a slag phase during top submerged injection during the pyrometallurgical operation , while maintaining a protective coating of solidified slag over the outer surface of the outer pipe over at least a lower part of the length of the lance ...

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Номер записи: 52
26-03-2015 дата публикации

METAL OR SEMICONDUCTOR MELT REFINEMENT METHOD, AND VACUUM REFINEMENT DEVICE

Номер: US20150082942A1
Автор: Dohnomae Hitoshi, Goto Kiyoshi, KISHIDA Yutaka, KONDO Jiro, Ohashi Wataru
Принадлежит: SILICIO FERROSOLAR S.L.

An objective of the present invention is, in refining a metal or a semiconductor melt, without impairing refining efficiency, to alleviate wear and tear commensurate with unevenness in a crucible caused by instability in melt flow, and to allow safe operation over long periods of time such that leakages from the crucible do not occur. Provided is a metal or semiconductor melt refining method, in which, by using an AC resistance heating heater as a crucible heating method, the melt is heat retained and mixed by a rotating magnetic field which is generated by the resistance heating heater. The metal or semiconductor melt refinement method and a vacuum refinement device which is optimal for the refinement method are characterized in that, in order that a fluid instability does not occur in the boundary between the melt and the bottom face of the crucible when the melt is rotated by the rotating magnetic field, with a kinematic viscosity coefficient of the melt designated ν (m/sec), the radius of the fluid surface of the melt designated R (m), and the rotational angular velocity of the melt designated Ω (rad/sec), the operation is carried out such that the value of a Reynolds number (Re) which is defined as Re=R×(Ω/ν)̂(1/2) does not exceed 600. 1. A purification method of metal or semiconductor fused liquid performing purification while stirring the metal or semiconductor fused liquid , contained in a crucible heated by a heater disposed so as to surround the outer wall of the crucible by means of a magnetic field , characterized by performing so as not to exceed a Reynolds number Re value of 600 as represented by the following equation (2) , when the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the fused liquid is ν (m/sec.) , the radius of the liquid surface of the fused liquid is R (m) , and the rotational angular velocity of the fused liquid is Ω (rad/sec.):{'br': None, 'i': 'R', 'Re=×(Ω/ν)̂(1/2)\u2003\u2003(2)'}2. The purification method of metal or semiconductor fused liquid ...

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Номер записи: 53
23-03-2017 дата публикации

ROTARY DEGASSERS AND COMPONENTS THEREFOR

Номер: US20170082368A1
Автор: Cooper Paul V.
Принадлежит:

Disclosed are degassers, couplings, impeller shafts and impellers for use in molten metal. One such coupling transfers gas into an impeller shaft, the coupling having a smooth, tapered internal surface to align with a corresponding surface on the impeller shaft and help prevent gas leakage and to assist in preventing damage to the impeller shaft. Improved impellers for shearing and mixing gas are also disclosed, as is a degasser including one or more of these components. 1. A shaft that cannot be threadingly connected to a corresponding coupling for use in a rotary degasser , the shaft comprising:a first end, a second end, an outer sidewall, a center portion between the first end and the second end, and an inner passage for transferring gas, wherein the first end is tapered and not threaded, and one or more grooves that are not threads formed adjacent the tapered first end between the center portion and the tapered first end; wherein the shaft is configured to be received in the corresponding coupling so that the tapered first end mates with an inner tapered portion in the coupling, and one or more retainers are received in the coupling such that each is positioned to be pressed against one of the one or more grooves, in order to apply driving force from the coupling to the shaft.2. The shaft of that has a plurality of grooves.3. The shaft of wherein the grooves are not vertically aligned.4. The shaft of wherein the at least one groove is vertical.5. The shaft of wherein the at least one groove is circular.6. The shaft of wherein at least two of the plurality of grooves are each configured to align with an opening on the coupling.7. The shaft of wherein the second end of the shaft is threaded.8. The shaft of wherein the second end of the shaft is configured to threadingly connect to a rotor.9. The shaft of wherein the taper is at an angle between 20° and 45°.10. The shaft of wherein the one or more grooves are not vertically aligned.11. The shaft of wherein the one ...

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Номер записи: 54
12-03-2020 дата публикации

METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR CONTROLLING A BURNER OF A SUSPENSION SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20200080784A1
Автор: Björklund Peter, JANSSON Jani, LAANINEN AKI, ROMPPANEN Jaana, SONNINEN Valtteri
Принадлежит:

A method and an arrangement for controlling a burner of a suspension smelting furnace. The burner includes a reaction gas feeding device, and a fine solids feeding device. The fine solids feeding device being at an upstream end of the fine solids feeding device pivotably supported in the reaction gas feeding device. The burner including by at least one first mechanical actuator configured to center the fine solids feeding device in the annular reaction gas outlet opening. Said at least one first mechanical actuator being in response to receiving the control signal configured to perform a centering action to center the fine solids channel in the annular reaction gas outlet opening. 116.-. (canceled)17. A method for controlling a burner such as a concentrate or a matte burner of a suspension smelting furnace such as a flash smelting furnace or a flash converting furnace , wherein the burner is arranged at a top of a structure of a reaction shaft of the suspension smelting furnace and wherein the burner comprises:a reaction gas feeding device, and a fine solids feeding device,wherein the reaction gas feeding device substantially surrounds the fine solids feeding device so that an annular reaction gas channel is formed between the reaction gas feeding device and the fine solids feeding device, wherein the annular reaction gas channel has an annular reaction gas outlet opening,wherein the fine solids feeding device has an annular fine solids channel having a fine solids outlet opening,wherein the fine solids feeding device is positioned at an upstream end of the fine solids feeding device pivotably supported in the reaction gas feeding device, andwherein the burner comprises at least one first mechanical actuator configured to center the fine solids feeding device in the annular reaction gas outlet opening,the method comprising the steps of:arranging at least two imaging apparatuses symmetrically with respect to a center line A of the burner,producing images of a cross ...

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Номер записи: 55
02-04-2015 дата публикации

RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY APPARATUS, RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY METHOD AND FLASH SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20150091224A1
Автор: KAWASAKI Tomoya, MOTOMURA Tatsuya, TOJIMA Eiji, YASUDA Yutaka
Принадлежит: PAN PACIFIC COPPER CO., LTD.

A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace, includes: a raw material passage that is provided out of a lance through which the first gas passes, the raw material passing through the raw material passage; and an adjuster that adjusts a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas to the raw material passing through the raw material passage. 1. A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace , comprising:a raw material passage that is provided out of a lance through which the first gas passes, the raw material passing through the raw material passage; andan adjuster that adjusts a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas to the raw material passing through the raw material passage.2. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in wherein the adjuster has a plurality of pipe lines that blow the second gas to the raw material.3. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in further comprising:a measuring device that measures the distribution of the raw material; anda controller that controls an amount of the second gas blown from each of the plurality of pipe lines to the raw material based on a measurement result of the measuring device.4. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , wherein a pipe member having the plurality of pipe lines is exchangeable with respect to a slit formed in a separation wall forming the raw material passage.5. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in further comprising a supply portion that supplies the raw material to the raw material passage from two directions.6. A flash smelting furnace comprisinga raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into the flash smelting furnace and ...

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Номер записи: 56
29-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING IRON-CONTAINED RAW MATERIAL USING BATH SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20180087120A1
Автор: CHEN Desheng, LIU Yahui, QI Tao, WANG Lina, Wang Weijing, Yi Lingyun, Yu Hongdong, ZHAO Hongxin
Принадлежит: INSTITUTE OF PROCESS ENGINEERING, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

The present invention relates to method and apparatus for treating iron-contained raw material using bath smelting furnace. An iron-contained raw material is mixed with a reducing agent. The mixture is added into a bath smelting furnace. The enriched oxygen is blown into the bath. The smelt is conducted at a temperature of 1200-1600° C. Compared with the traditional process of “sintering/pellet-blast furnace smelting” or “rotary furnace reduction-electrical furnace smelting separation”, the present invention has the remarkable advantages of short process, strong raw material adaptability, high product quality, low energy consumption, low pollution, etc. The present invention provides a new technology direction for effectively and comprehensively utilizing the iron-contained resource and has a wide application prospect. 1. A method for treating iron-contained raw material using bath smelting furnace , comprising:mixing an iron-contained raw material with a reducing agent to form a mixture;adding the mixture into a bath smelting furnace;blowing enriched oxygen into the bath; andsmelting at a temperature of 1200-1600° C.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , adding an additive to the iron-contained raw material and the reducing agent to form the mixture; andadding the mixture into the bath smelting furnace for smelting;wherein the smelting time is 0.5-4 hours.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , a mass ratio of the iron-contained raw material claim 2 , the additive claim 2 , and the reducing agent is 100:(0-60):(20-60).4. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , the additive is one or more items selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate claim 2 , sodium sulfate claim 2 , sodium chloride claim 2 , sodium borate claim 2 , sodium hydrogen carbonate claim 2 , limestone claim 2 , and dolomite.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 ,the reducing agent is one or more items selected from the group consisting of anthracite, bitumite, a ...

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Номер записи: 57
29-03-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY ERBIUM

Номер: US20180087136A1
Автор: Takahata Masahiro
Принадлежит:

A method of purifying erbium is provided to produce a high-purity erbium having a purity of 5N or higher excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and containing Al, Fe, Cu, and Ta each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, W in an amount of 10 wtppm or less, carbon in an amount of 150 wtppm or less, alkali metals and alkali earth metals each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, other transition metal elements in a total amount of 10 wtppm or less, and U and Th as radioactive elements each in an amount of 10 wtppb or less. Erbium has a high vapor pressure and is difficult to refine in a molten state. The method provides technology for efficiently and stably providing high-purity erbium, a sputtering target made of high-purity erbium, and a metal gate film having high-purity erbium as a main component thereof. 1. A method of producing high-purity erbium , comprising the steps of:subjecting coarse erbium to molten salt electrolysis to produce an electrodeposit; andsubjecting the electrodeposit to distillation to obtain a high-purity erbium having a purity of 5N or higher, excluding rare earth elements and gas components, and containing Al, Fe, Cu, and Ta each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, W in an amount of 10 wtppm or less, carbon in an amount of 150 wtppm or less, alkali metals and alkali earth metals each in an amount of 1 wtppm or less, other transition metal elements in a total amount of 10 wtppm or less, and U and Th as radioactive elements each in an amount of 10 wtppb or less.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a molten salt for the molten salt electrolysis is prepared using potassium chloride (KCl) claim 1 , lithium chloride (LiCl) claim 1 , erbium chloride (ErCl) and erbium (Er) raw materials claim 1 , and the molten salt electrolysis is performed at a bath temperature of 700° C. or higher and 900° C. or less.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein tantalum (Ta) is used as an anode and tantalum (Ta) or titanium (Ti) is used as a cathode of the ...

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Номер записи: 58
05-04-2018 дата публикации

LANCE

Номер: US20180094857A1
Автор: CAO Kefei, Hao Xiaohong, HU Liqiong, Li Dong, Zhang Zhenmin
Принадлежит: CHINA ENFI ENGINEERING CORPORATION

The invention provides a lance including: a central pipe having a wear-resistant ceramic layer coated on an inner wall thereof; a central casing pipe having a casing pipe groove in an outer wall thereof, in which the central casing pipe is fitted over the central pipe and has a length less than that of the central pipe; a central pipe fitted over the intermediate pipe, in which a combustion-supporting gas chamber is formed between a front part of the central pipe and the intermediate pipe, an external diameter of a rear part of the intermediate pipe is greater than an external diameter of a front part of the intermediate pipe, and an intermediate pipe groove is formed in an outer wall of the rear part; and an outer casing pipe fitted over the intermediate pipe, in which a cooling medium chamber is formed between the front part of the intermediate pipe and the outer casing pipe, and a cooling medium injection channel is defined by an inner wall of the outer casing pipe and the intermediate pipe groove. The lance according to an embodiment of the present invention has a prolonged service life, because wear and tear caused by injection of pulverized coal is reduced by providing the wear-resistant ceramic layer on the inner wall of the central pipe, which means a replacement cycle is prolonged, in addition, a lager combustion-supporting gas chamber can be formed between the central pipe and the front part of the intermediate pipe, thus greatly reducing resistance to gas, energy consumption and costs. 1. A lance , comprising:a central pipe provided with a wear-resistant ceramic layer on the inner wall thereof;a central casing pipe fitted over the central pipe and having a casing pipe groove formed in an outer wall of the central casing pipe, wherein a rear end of the central casing pipe is flush with a rear end of the central pipe, and a length of the central casing pipe is less than a length of the central pipe;an intermediate pipe fitted over the central pipe, wherein ...

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Номер записи: 59
26-06-2014 дата публикации

GASEOUS BASED DESULFURIZATION OF ALLOYS

Номер: US20140178244A1
Автор: Bochiechio Mario P., Kmetz Michael A., Marcin John Joseph, Newton Kirk C.
Принадлежит: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

A method for desulfurizing a metal alloy comprises heating the metal alloy to a molten state. A gaseous desulfurizing compound is bubbled through the molten alloy to form a solid sulfur-containing waste phase and a molten reduced-sulfur alloy phase. The solid waste phase and the molten reduced-sulfur alloy phase are separated. The gaseous desulfurizing compound includes a constituent element selected from the group: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals. 1. A method for desulfurizing a metal alloy , the method comprising:heating the metal alloy to a molten state;bubbling a gaseous desulfurizing compound through the molten alloy to form a solid sulfur-containing waste phase and a molten reduced-sulfur alloy phase, the gaseous desulfurizing compound including a constituent element selected from the group: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals; andseparating the solid sulfur-containing waste phase and the molten reduced-sulfur alloy phase.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal alloy is a nickel-based superalloy or a cobalt-based superalloy.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the constituent element is selected from the group: Ca claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Y claim 1 , La claim 1 , Er claim 1 , and Ce.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the gaseous desulfurizing compound is derived from a precursor compound comprising at least one of: hydrates of a metal halide salt claim 3 , and a metal organic complex (MOC).5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the constituent element is Ca.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the precursor compound is selected from the group: calcium chloride [CaCl]; calcium dipivaloylmethanate [Ca(CHO))]; bis(hexafluoro-acetylacetonate) calcium (II) claim 5 , [Ca(CHFO))]; bis (2 claim 5 ,2-dimethyl- claim 5 ,6 claim 5 ,6 claim 5 ,7 claim 5 ,7 claim 5 ,8 claim 5 ,8 claim 5 ,8-heptafluoro-3 claim 5 ,5-octanedione) calcium (II) claim 5 , [Ca(CHFO)]; bis(1 claim 5 ,1 claim 5 ,1-trifluoro-2 claim 5 ,4-pentanedionato) ...

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Номер записи: 60
12-04-2018 дата публикации

CONVERTER

Номер: US20180100207A1
Автор: NÖRTHEMANN Ralf
Принадлежит: SMS group GmbH

A converter for the production of steel by a blowing process from a substantially liquid raw material, in particular pig iron, includes several injectors which are dispersed in the sidewall of the converter about the converter inner circumference and directed towards the bath level for refining the pig iron. The injectors are designed as supersonic nozzle, which are surrounded by a ring nozzle forming an enveloping gas jet. The injectors are oriented at an angle of max. 43° in relation to the bath surface, with oxygen being introduced through the supersonic nozzle and a mixture of compressed air and natural gas being introduced through the ring nozzle. The jet pulse for the oxygen jet fed through the supersonic nozzle is dimensioned such that an infiltration of the oxygen jet into the melt bath is ensured. 16.-. (canceled)7. A converter for the production of steel by a blowing process from a substantially liquid raw material , said converter comprising:a vessel having a sidewall;a plurality of injectors dispersed in the sidewall about an inner circumference of the vessel and directed towards a bath level of a melt bath for refining the raw material, said injectors being embodied as supersonic Laval nozzle and oriented at an angle of max. 43° in relation to a bath surface for introducing an oxygen jet of oxygen into an interior of the vessel at supersonic speed which is greater than 1.5× the sound of speed, with a jet pulse for the oxygen jet fed through the supersonic nozzle being dimensioned such that an infiltration of the oxygen jet into the melt bath is ensured; anda ring nozzle surrounding the injectors and forming an enveloping gas jet, said ring nozzle being constructed to introduce a mixture of compressed air and natural gas into the interior of the vessel.8. The converter of claim 7 , wherein the raw material is pig iron.9. The converter of claim 7 , wherein the injectors are configured for a switching over to a burner mode with long flame and an injector ...

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Номер записи: 61
08-04-2021 дата публикации

Device and method for production purified, especially high purity, magnesium

Номер: US20210102271A1
Автор: Markus Windler, Thomas Eutin
Принадлежит: BIOTRONIK AG

A device for producing purified, especially high-purity, magnesium includes a reactor for vacuum distillation that is extended along a longitudinal axis (L). The reactor defines a reactor inner chamber having a heating region for heating magnesium. A crucible forms a crucible inner chamber for receiving purified magnesium vaporized and condensed by the device. A radial projection in the heating region defines a contact surface that extends essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis (L) and forms an essentially sealed connection with an edge of the crucible adjacent to the crucible inner chamber.

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Номер записи: 62
08-04-2021 дата публикации

VACUUM ARC REMELTING PROCESSING

Номер: US20210102272A1
Автор: Borkowski Luke, Staroselsky Alexander
Принадлежит: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

A vacuum arc remelt apparatus comprising a crucible having a wall, said wall having an interior and an exterior opposite said interior; an electrode within the crucible proximate the interior; an ingot within the crucible and below the electrode, wherein said ingot includes a crown and shelf; and a vibration source at the exterior of the crucible proximate the crown and shelf. 1. A vacuum arc remelt apparatus comprising:a crucible having a wall, said wall having an interior and an exterior opposite said interior;an electrode within the crucible proximate the interior;an ingot within the crucible and below the electrode, wherein said ingot includes a crown and a shelf; anda vibration source at the exterior of the crucible proximate the crown and shelf.2. The vacuum arc remelt apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said vibration source comprises at least one of an ultrasonic transducer and a vibrator.3. The vacuum arc remelt apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said vibrator comprises a mechanical vibrator.4. The vacuum arc remelt apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein said ultrasonic transducer is configured to break up the materials of the crown and shelf during the operation of the vacuum arc remelt apparatus responsive to a predetermined size of the crown and shelf.5. The vacuum arc remelt apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a microscale model coupled to the vibration source.6. The vacuum arc remelt apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein said vibration source controls nucleation and growth mechanics of formation of the crown and shelf.7. A vacuum arc remelt apparatus comprising:a crucible having a side wall, said side wall having an interior and an exterior opposite said interior, a bottom plate coupled to said side wall;an electrode coupled to a stinger, said stinger coupled to a ram configured to translate said electrode within said crucible;an ingot between said electrode and said bottom plate between said side wall proximate the ...

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Номер записи: 63
02-06-2022 дата публикации

REFINING VESSEL FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE MELT

Номер: US20220170123A1
Автор: FUJIYOSHI Ryoma, HOSOHARA Seiji, TORIGOE Atsushi
Принадлежит:

A refining vessel for high-temperature melt includes a refractory for gas blowing nozzle that includes a central refractory embedded with metal tubules, and an outer refractory circumferentially surrounding the central refractory. The refractory for gas blowing nozzle has a horizontal projection on which a minimum radius of an imaginary circle encompassing all the metal tubules embedded in the central refractory is R (mm), wherein the central refractory has an outline that falls between one circle that is concentric with the imaginary circle and has a radius of R+10 mm, and another circle that is concentric with the imaginary circle and has a radius of R+150 mm. The central refractory is formed of a MgO—C refractory having a carbon content of 30 to 80 mass %, and the outer refractory is formed of a MgO—C refractory having a carbon content of 10 to 25 mass %. 17.-. (canceled)8. A refining vessel for high-temperature melt comprising a gas blowing nozzle configured from a refractory for gas blowing nozzle with at least one gas-blowing metal tubule embedded in a carbon-containing refractory ,the refractory for gas blowing nozzle including a central refractory embedded with the at least one metal tubule, and an outer refractory circumferentially surrounding the central refractory,the refractory for gas blowing nozzle having a horizontal projection in which a minimum radius of an imaginary circle encompassing all the metal tubules embedded in the central refractory is R (mm), wherein the central refractory has an outline that falls between one circle that is concentric with the imaginary circle and has a radius of R+10 mm, and another circle that is concentric with the imaginary circle and has a radius of R+150 mm,the central refractory is formed of a MgO—C refractory having a carbon content of 30 to 80 mass %, and the outer refractory is formed of a MgO—C refractory having a carbon content of 10 to 25 mass %.9. The refining vessel according to claim 8 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 64
29-04-2021 дата публикации

Process for the recovery of lithium

Номер: US20210123119A1
Автор: David Dupont, Harald Oosterhof, Wendy DROUARD
Принадлежит: Umicore NV SA

The present invention relates to an enhanced process for the recovery of lithium from compositions also containing aluminum. An example of such a metallurgical compositions is the metallurgical slag that is obtained when recycling lithium-ion batteries or their derived products using a pyrometallurgical smelting process. Acid leaching of such a slag, followed by neutralization to precipitate aluminum leads to poor lithium yields as lithium tends to co-precipitate with aluminum. A process is presented wherein aluminum is selectively precipitated using a source of phosphate at a controlled pH preferably between 3 and 4.

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Номер записи: 65
28-04-2016 дата публикации

A Solids Injection Lance

Номер: US20160116215A1
Автор: Davis Mark Preston, Dry Rodney James, Pilote Jacques
Принадлежит:

A method for injecting a solid feed material through a solids injection lance includes creating flow conditions in an injection passageway of the lance so that at least a part of the feed material flowing along the passageway forms a buffer zone between a wall of a tube that defines the passageway and feed material flowing along a central section of the passageway. 1. A method for injecting a solid feed material through a solids injection lance that includes creating flow conditions in an injection passageway of the lance so that at least a part of the feed material flowing along the passageway forms a buffer zone between a wall of a tube that defines the passageway and feed material flowing along a central section of the passageway.2. The method defined in wherein the feed material includes metalliferous material.3. The method defined in wherein the feed material further includes carbonaceous material.4. (canceled)5. The method defined in wherein the buffer zone material is (a) carbonaceous material only claim 2 , (b) a mixture of carbonaceous material and metalliferous material claim 2 , or (c) a mixture of carbonaceous material claim 2 , metalliferous material claim 2 , and flux material.6. The method defined in wherein the central section material is (a) metalliferous material claim 3 , (b) a mixture of carbonaceous material and metalliferous material claim 3 , or (c) a mixture of carbonaceous material claim 3 , metalliferous material claim 3 , and flux material.7. The method defined in wherein the central section material is predominantly claim 6 , i.e. greater than 70% by weight claim 6 , metalliferous material.8. The method defined in wherein the carbonaceous material is at ambient temperature and the metalliferous material is hot.9. The method defined in wherein the carbonaceous material and the metalliferous material are at ambient temperature.10. (canceled)11. The method defined in includes forming the buffer zone so that it extends at least partly along ...

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Номер записи: 66
09-06-2022 дата публикации

PGM CONVERTING PROCESS AND JACKETED ROTARY CONVERTER

Номер: US20220177999A1
Автор: Albrecht Edward W., McCullough Steven D
Принадлежит:

PGM converting process and jacketed rotary converter. The process can include low- or no-flux converting; partial pre-oxidation of PGM collector alloy; using a refractory protectant in the converter; magnetic separation of slag; recycling part of the slag to the converter; smelting catalyst material in a primary furnace to produce the collector alloy; and/or smelting the converter slag in a secondary furnace with slag from the primary furnace. The converter can include an inclined converter pot mounted for rotation; a refractory lining; an opening in a top of the pot to introduce converter feed; a lance for injecting oxygen-containing gas into the alloy pool; a heat transfer jacket adjacent the refractory lining; and a coolant system to circulate a heat transfer medium through the jacket to remove heat from the alloy pool in thermal communication with the refractory lining. 1. A process for converting platinum group metal (PGM) collector alloy , comprising the steps of: (i) 100 parts by weight of a collector alloy comprising no less than 0.5 wt % PGM, no less than 40 wt % iron, and no less than 0.5 wt % nickel, based on the total weight of the collector alloy; and', '(ii) if an added flux material comprises 10 wt % or more of silica and 10 wt % or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, or a combination of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, by weight of the added flux material, less than 20 parts by weight of the added flux material;, '(a) introducing a converter feed into a pot of a converter holding a molten alloy pool, wherein the converter feed comprises(b) injecting oxygen-containing gas into the alloy pool to convert iron and one or more other oxidizable elements from the collector alloy to the corresponding oxides and enrich PGM in the alloy pool;(c) allowing a slag comprising the iron oxide to collect in a low-density layer above the alloy pool;(d) tapping the low-density layer to recover the slag from the converter; and(e) tapping the alloy pool to recover ...

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Номер записи: 67
18-04-2019 дата публикации

Permeable Bottom Crucible

Номер: US20190113282A1
Автор: Feiner Eric, III Rudolph A., Olson, Schiefelbein Kurt
Принадлежит:

An improved permeable bottom crucible is provided. The permeable bottom crucible is particularly suitable for degassing molten metal. The permeable bottom crucible comprises a refractory ceramic body comprising walls and an integral bottom wherein the integral bottom has a porous portion. The porous portion has a porosity which is higher than a porosity of the walls. Inductive coils are around the refractory ceramic body. A plug is arranged to disperse gas through the porous portion. 1. A permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal comprising:a refractory ceramic body comprising walls and an integral bottom wherein said integral bottom has a porous portion wherein said porous portion has a porosity which is higher than a porosity of said walls;inductive coils around said refractory ceramic body; anda plug arranged to disperse gas through said porous portion.2. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of wherein said permeable portion has a permeable portion porosity sufficiently high for said gas to permeate therethrough at a gas pressure and said walls have a dense porosity sufficiently low that said gas does not permeate through said walls at said gas pressure.3. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of wherein said gas pressure is 20 psi.4. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of wherein said permeable portion porosity is over 13% to no more than 30%.5. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of wherein said permeable portion porosity is at least 15%.6. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of wherein said permeable portion represents at least a portion of said bottom.7. The permeable bottom crucible for degassing molten metal of further comprising a shell between said refractory ceramic body and said inductive coils.8. A method of forming a permeable bottom crucible comprising;forming a mold wherein said mold has a shape of said permeable bottom crucible;inserting ...

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Номер записи: 68
24-07-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PURIFYING HIGH-PURITY ALUMINIUM BY DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION AND SMELTING FURNACE THEREFOR

Номер: US20140202653A1
Автор: Hong Tao, Nurgul Imin
Принадлежит: Xinjiang Joinworld Co., Ltd.

Provided is a method for preparing high-purity aluminum by directional solidification, comprising the steps of: providing 4N to 5N aluminum as raw material, heating the same to a temperature of 670° C. to 730° C., maintaining the temperature for 7 minutes to 80 minutes, cooling the bottom of chamber () to allow the aluminum liquid crystallizing in a direction from the bottom to top of the chamber () for 1 hour to 8 hours to obtain a crystalline ingot, during the crystallization process of a finished product of crystalline ingot, stifling and heating the aluminum liquid, maintaining a particular temperature gradient of the aluminum liquid, and removing a portion of the crystalline ingot from one end of the ingot, the remaining portion being the high-purity aluminum. Also provided is a smelting furnace, comprising a shell (), a heating device (), a chamber (), a temperature measurement device, a stirring device and a cooling device (). 1. A method for preparing high-purity aluminum by directional solidification , characterized in that it comprises the following steps:step one, providing 4N to 5N aluminum as raw material, and cleaning the surface of the aluminum raw material;step two, feeding the aluminum raw material from the step one into a chamber of a smelting furnace wherein the aluminum raw material is heated to a temperature of 670° to 730° C., so that the aluminum raw material is completely melted to form an aluminum liquid;step three, maintaining the aluminum liquid from step two at the temperature of 670° C. to 730° for 7 minutes to 80 minutes;step four, cooling the bottom of the chamber to allow the aluminum liquid crystallizing in a direction from the bottom to top of the chamber for 1 hour to 8 hours to obtain a crystalline ingot, from which a finished crystalline ingot product is to be prepared by removing of a portion of the ingot from the ingot end where the crystallization is lastly completed, and wherein at least during the crystallization process for ...

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Номер записи: 69
24-07-2014 дата публикации

VACUUM REFINING FURNACE

Номер: US20140203483A1
Автор: Chen Wei, FAN Zefei, LI Menglin, Li Wenlin, PAN Jianren, Su Bin, TANG Wentong, YANG Bin
Принадлежит: Kunming Diboo Technology Co., Ltd.

A vacuum refining furnace, including a furnace body, a graphite heater, an electrode, and a sealed furnace housing. The furnace body includes an evaporation laminate, a graphite condensing casing, and a graphite insulating casing. The evaporation laminate includes a plurality of evaporators. The evaporation laminate is nested within the graphite insulating casing, and the graphite insulating casing includes a plurality of through holes. At least two graphite condensing casings having different diameters are provided. The graphite insulating casing is nested within the graphite condensing casing having a smallest diameter, and the graphite condensing casing having a relatively small diameter is nested within the graphite condensing casing having a relatively large diameter. All the graphite condensing casings except for the graphite condensing casing having the largest diameter include a plurality of through holes. 2. The furnace of claim 1 , wherein{'b': '16', 'the furnace body comprises a first graphite condensing cover, a second graphite condensing cover, a graphite feed hoper, an evaporation laminate, a graphite insulating casing, a first condensing casing, a second graphite condensing casing (), a third graphite condensing casing, and a confluence plate;'}the evaporation laminate is disposed on a center of the confluence plate; the evaporation laminate is nested within the graphite insulating casing; the diameters of the first condensing casing, the second graphite condensing casing, and the third graphite condensing casing are in ascending order; the graphite insulating casing is nested within the first condensing casing, the first condensing casing is nested within the second graphite condensing casing, and the second graphite condensing casing is nested within the third graphite condensing casing; andthe graphite insulating casing, the first condensing casing, and the second graphite condensing casing are all provided with a plurality of through holes; the ...

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Номер записи: 70
25-04-2019 дата публикации

REFRACTORY CERAMIC GAS PURGING ELEMENT

Номер: US20190118247A1
Автор: Prietl Thomas, Trummer Bernd
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a refractory ceramic gas purging element featuring an insert which was cast into a blind hole within a refractory gas permeable body, which insert is made of a refractory ceramic material and has a density different to that of the body. 1. A refractory ceramic gas purging element , featuringa) an axial extension between a first end, which provides means to supply a gas into the gas purging element, and a second end, at which the gas may leave the gas purging element and enter into an adjacent metal melt,b) a body, made of an MgO based refractory ceramic material and designed to allow the gas supplied at the first end of the gas purging element, to pass through the body and to leave the body at the second end of the gas purging element, whereinc) the body extends from the second end of the gas purging element towards the first end of the gas purging element, thereby defining an axial height HB of the body, with a first end, adjacent to the first end of the gas purging element, and a second end, corresponding to the second end of the gas purging element,d) a blind hole, which extends from the first end of the body towards its second end, thereby defining an axial height HH of the blind hole, with HB being larger than HH, whereine) the blind hole is filled with an insert, made of a refractory ceramic material, which features a density different to that of the body and which is in-situ cast into said blind hole.2. The gas purging element of claim 1 , wherein the axial height HH of the blind hole corresponds to at most 50% of the axial height HB of the body.3. The gas purging element of claim 1 , wherein the blind hole and the insert feature a cylindrical or frustoconical common wall.4. The gas purging element of claim 1 , wherein the blind hole features a cross section along a plane claim 1 , which extends perpendicular to the axial extension of the gas purging element claim 1 , from the group comprising: circular claim 1 , rectangular claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 71
14-05-2015 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR VACUUM DISTILLATION OF HIGH-PURITY MAGNESIUM

Номер: US20150128765A1
Автор: Becker Minh, Feichtinger Heinrich, LÖFFLER JÖRG, UGGOWITZER PETER, Wegmann Christian
Принадлежит:

A starting material in the form of a magnesium-containing metal melt is present together with the upper region of a condensation vessel in the upper region of a retort heated by the external heating element wherein the steam produced according to the arrows according to arrow enters the upper region of the condensation vessel through the opening below the cover which provides protection from unwanted ingress of contaminated magnesium melt, wherein said steam condenses in the lower region of the retort which is heated by a second heating element below the line corresponding to the melting point isotherm of magnesium, to give the high-purity magnesium melt in the lower region of the condensation vessel By opening a barrier unit the interior of the retort can be connected temporarily to the supply chamber and also via a line and a valve to a vacuum pump via a further line to a pressure measuring instrument and via a third line via a valve and a pressure and/or flow regulator to an inert gas source 1. A process for producing high-purity magnesium by distillation at reduced pressure , characterised in that a starting material in the form of a magnesium-containing metal melt with the upper region of a crucible-shaped condensation vessel , which is formed from a material inert with respect to magnesium and which has an opening that provides protection against ingress of contaminated refluxing magnesium melt by a cover inert with respect to magnesium and that allows the entry of magnesium steam , in the upper part of a vacuum-tight retort which can be externally heated to different temperatures by one or more heating elements in the horizontal direction and which is made of a material that is largely inert with respect to magnesium or at least does not release impurities capable of evaporation is at a temperature above the melting point and in the immediate region of the magnesium-containing melt and the opening of the crucible-shaped condensation vessel is above the ...

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Номер записи: 72
04-05-2017 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING LOW NITROGEN ESSENTIALLY NITRIDE-FREE CHROMIUM AND CHROMIUM PLUS NIOBIUM-CONTAINING NICKEL-BASED ALLOYS AND THE RESULTING CHROMIUM AND NICKEL-BASED ALLOYS

Номер: US20170121792A1
Автор: Sernik Kleber A.
Принадлежит:

Processes for producing low nitrogen, essentially nitride-free chromium or chromium plus niobium-containing nickel-based alloys include charging elements or compounds which do not dissolve appreciable amounts of nitrogen in the molten state to a refractory crucible within a vacuum induction furnace, melting said elements or compounds therein under reduced pressure, and effecting heterogeneous carbon-based bubble nucleation in a controlled manner. The processes also include, upon cessation of bubble formation, adding low nitrogen chromium or a low nitrogen chromium-containing master alloy with a nitrogen content of below 10 ppm to the melt, melting and distributing said added chromium or chromium-containing master alloy throughout the melt, bringing the resulting combined melt to a temperature and surrounding pressure to permit tapping, and tapping the resulting melt, directly or indirectly, to a metallic mold and allowing the melt to solidify and cool under reduced pressure. 15-. (canceled)6. Low nitrogen , essentially nitride-free chromium and chromium plus niobium-containing nickel-based alloys containing below 10 ppm nitrogen produced by a process comprising:a) charging elements or compounds of elements which do not dissolve appreciable amounts of nitrogen in the molten state to a refractory crucible within a vacuum induction furnace and melting said elements or compounds therein under reduced pressure;b) effecting heterogeneous carbon-based bubble nucleation in a controlled manner, thereby effecting substantial removal of nitrogen and oxygen from the melt;{'b': '10', 'claim-text': [{'b': '1', 'i) vacuum-degassing a thermite mixture comprising chromium compounds and metallic reducing agents, contained within a vacuum vessel capable of withstanding a thermite reaction, to an initial pressure less than mbar;'}, 'ii) igniting the thermite mixture to effect reduction of the chromium compounds within said vessel under reduced pressure;', 'iii) solidifying the reaction ...

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Номер записи: 73
25-04-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING MAGNESIUM BY DISTILLATION

Номер: US20190119782A1
Автор: JI Junkang, LI Jiqing, Zhu Guangdong
Принадлежит:

The present invention discloses a method for producing high-purity magnesium by semi-continuous distillation, comprising the following steps of: (1) melting crude magnesium or recycled mixed metal containing magnesium containing various impurities in a melting boiler; (2) feeding the molten crude magnesium into a second boiler by a magnesium liquid delivery pump, and maintaining a temperature of 665° C. to 700° C.; (3) sucking the high-temperature magnesium liquid into a crude distillation column in vacuum by a magnetic liquid suction pipe that is inserted into the intermediate boiler and connected to the crude distillation column. Magnesium is condensed into liquid in the rectification column, then discharged from a liquid seal of the rectification column, and ingoted in a refined magnesium die to obtain high-purity magnesium products. 1. A method of producing magnesium by distillation , comprising the following steps:a. melting crude magnesium or mixed metal containing magnesium and various impurities in a first melting boiler;b. feeding the molten crude magnesium liquid into a second boiler by a delivery pump, and maintaining a temperature of 665° C. to 700° C. to obtain a high-temperature magnesium liquid;c. sucking the high-temperature magnesium liquid into a crude distillation column in a vacuum condition;d. gasifying the high-temperature magnesium liquid in the crude distillation column at a vacuum degree below 10 Pa and at 600° C. to 650° C. to obtain a magnesium vapor;e. feeding the magnesium vapor of step d into a rectification column, discharging impurities of carbides, nitrides and oxides of silicon, iron, manganese, copper, nickel in the high-temperature magnesium liquid of step d to a impurity liquid-seal pipe outlet, cooling and casting ingot; andf. cooling the magnesium vapor, condensing the magnesium vapor at middle and lower portions of the rectification column to obtain refined molten magnesium, discharging the refined molten magnesium to a high- ...

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Номер записи: 74
31-07-2014 дата публикации

COMPOSITE DEGASSING TUBE

Номер: US20140210144A1
Автор: Nilson Lee Andrew, Torres Carlos Gibran Sanchez
Принадлежит: Pyrotek

Disclosed is a degassing tube formed, at least partially, of a composite material and configured to degas molten metal. The degassing tube may include a supply tube configured to deliver gas received from a supply source to an outlet of the degassing tube, and a diffuser body coupled to the supply tube and formed, at least partially, of a composite material. In some embodiments, a combination of the composite material and a phosphate bonded refractory material may be used to form respective sections of the diffuser body. The composite material may include layers of a woven fiber reinforcing fabric embedded within a ceramic matrix. In some embodiments, the phosphate bonded refractory material is a castable monolithic refractory which chemically bonds to the composite material. 1. A degassing tube comprising:a supply tube configured to deliver gas from a supply source to an outlet of the degassing tube; anda diffuser body coupled to the supply tube and formed, at least partially, of a composite material comprising a reinforcing fiber within a ceramic matrix, the diffuser body configured to diffuse the gas within molten metal at the outlet of the degassing tube.2. The degassing tube of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing fiber is part of a woven fiber reinforcing fabric embedded within the ceramic matrix.3. The degassing tube of claim 2 , wherein the woven fiber reinforcing fabric comprises a glass and the ceramic matrix comprises calcium silicate and silica.4. The degassing tube of claim 1 , wherein the outlet comprises an interconnection of conduits in the composite material at a distal section of the degassing tube.5. The degassing tube of claim 1 , wherein the diffuser body is formed of a combination of the composite material for a proximal section of the degassing tube and a phosphate bonded refractory material for a distal section of the degassing tube.6. The degassing tube of claim 5 , wherein the phosphate bonded refractory material is a castable monolithic ...

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Номер записи: 75
21-05-2015 дата публикации

Ultrasonic Probes With Gas Outlets for Degassing of Molten Metals

Номер: US20150135901A1
Автор: Rundquist Victor F.
Принадлежит:

Ultrasonic probes containing a plurality of gas delivery channels are disclosed, as well as ultrasonic probes containing recessed areas near the tip of the probe. Ultrasonic devices containing these probes, and methods for molten metal degassing using these ultrasonic devices, also are disclosed. 1. An ultrasonic device comprising:an ultrasonic transducer;an ultrasonic probe attached to the transducer, the probe comprising a tip and two or more gas delivery channels extending through the probe; and a gas inlet,', 'gas flow paths through the gas delivery channels, and', 'gas outlets at or near the tip of the probe., 'a gas delivery system, the gas delivery system comprising2. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein the probe comprises stainless steel claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , a ceramic claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein the probe comprises a Sialon claim 1 , a Silicon carbide claim 1 , a Boron carbide claim 1 , a Boron nitride claim 1 , a Silicon nitride claim 1 , an Aluminum nitride claim 1 , an Aluminum oxide claim 1 , a Zirconia claim 1 , or a combination thereof.4. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein:the probe comprises a Sialon;the probe comprises from three to five gas delivery channels; andthe gas outlets are at the tip of the probe.5. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein the probe is a generally cylindrical elongated probe claim 1 , and a length to diameter ratio of the elongated probe is in a range from about 5:1 to about 25:1.6. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein the probe is a generally cylindrical elongated probe claim 1 , and a ratio of the cross-sectional area of the tip of the elongated probe to the cross-sectional area of the gas delivery channels is in a range from about 30:1 to about 1000:1.7. The ultrasonic device of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic device further comprises a booster between the transducer and the probe claim 1 , and the gas inlet is in the ...

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Номер записи: 76
21-05-2015 дата публикации

METHODS FOR INDUSTRIAL-SCALE PRODUCTION OF METAL MATRIX NANOCOMPOSITES

Номер: US20150135902A1
Автор: Alba-Baena Noe Gaudencio, Cho Woohyun, Choi Hongseok, Hoefert Daniel Earl, Li Xiaochun, Slater Ben Peter, Weiss David
Принадлежит:

Apparatus and methods for industrial-scale production of metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) are provided. The apparatus and methods can be used for the batch production of an MMNC in a volume of molten metal housed within the cavity of a production chamber. Within the volume of molten metal, a flow is created which continuously carries agglomerates of nanoparticles, which have been introduced into the molten metal, through a cavitation zone formed in a cavitation cell housed within the production chamber. 1. A method for the production of metal matrix nanocomposites , the method comprising:(a) introducing nanoparticle agglomerates into a volume of molten metal contained within a cavity defined by a production chamber;(b) mechanically mixing the nanoparticle agglomerates in the volume of molten metal, wherein the mixing reduces the size of the nanoparticle agglomerates;(c) creating a cavitation zone within a sub-volume of the molten metal contained in a cavitation cell that is immersed in the larger volume of molten metal contained within the production chamber cavity; and(d) dispersing the nanoparticles in the size-reduced nanoparticle agglomerates as individual nanoparticles in the molten metal by pumping the size-reduced nanoparticle agglomerates into the cavitation zone, wherein the dispersed individual nanoparticles pass out of the cavitation cell and back into the larger volume of molten metal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal matrix nanocomposite has a mass of at least 10 kg.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cavity of the production chamber has a volume of at least three liters.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the volume ratio of the sub-volume of molten metal in the cavitation cell to the total volume of molten metal in the production chamber cavity is no greater than about 1:2.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the volume ratio of the sub-volume of molten metal in the cavitation cell to the total volume of molten metal in the production ...

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Номер записи: 77
19-05-2016 дата публикации

BLAST FURNACE OPERATION METHOD

Номер: US20160138120A1
Автор: Fujikara Daiki, MURAO Akinori, Sato Michitaka, Shimomura Akio, Watakabe Shiro, Watanabe Takashi
Принадлежит: JFE STEEL CORPORATION

A method of operating a blast furnace by blowing a pulverized coal at an amount of not less than 150 kg/t−p from tuyeres through a lance into a blast furnace, wherein when the operation is performed under a condition that lump coke charged from a furnace top has a strength defined in JIS K2151 (DI) of not more than 87%, the pulverized coal blown through the tuyere contains not more than 60 mass % as a weight ratio of coal having a particle size of not more than 74 μm and has an average volatile matter of not more than 25 mass %, and a blast temperature blown through the tuyere is not higher than 1100° C., oxygen is simultaneously blown into the furnace with the blowing of the pulverized coals through the lance and a gas having an oxygen concentration of 60 vol %-97 vol % is used as a carrier gas for the blowing of the pulverized coal. 1. A method of operating a blast furnace by blowing a pulverized coal at an amount of not less than 150 kg/t−p from tuyeres through a lance into a blast furnace , wherein when the operation is performed under two or more of the following three conditions a , b and c:{'sup': '150', 'sub': '15', 'a. lump coke charged from a furnace top has a strength defined in JIS K2151 (DI) of not more than 87%;'}b. the pulverized coal blown through the tuyere contains not more than 60 mass % as a weight ratio of coal having a particle size of not more than 74 μm and has an average volatile matter of not more than 25 mass %; andc. a blast temperature blown through the tuyere is not higher than 1100° C.;oxygen is simultaneously blown into the furnace with the blowing of the pulverized coals through the lance and a gas having an oxygen concentration of 60 vol %-97 vol % is used as a carrier gas for the blowing of the pulverized coal.2. The method of operating a blast furnace according to claim 1 , wherein when the strength (DI) of the lump coke is not more than 85% claim 1 , a gas having an oxygen concentration of 70 vol %-97 vol % is used as a carrier ...

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Номер записи: 78
03-06-2021 дата публикации

GAS PURGING PLUG, GAS PURGING SYSTEM, METHOD FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF A GAS PURGING PLUG AND METHOD FOR PURGING A METAL MELT

Номер: US20210164065A1
Автор: Haider Matthäus, Manhart Christian, Pacher Peter, Trummer Bernd
Принадлежит:

Gas purging system comprising a gas purging plug () and gas purging plug () for metallurgic applications and a gas supply pipe () connected to the gas purging plug (), the gas purging plug () with a ceramic refractory body () with a first end () and a second end (); the second end () is in the mounted position of the gas purging plug () in contact with a metal melt (); the first end () is at least partially covered with a metal cover (), the metal cover () comprises an opening () to which optionally a gas supply adapter () is connected; the gas purging plug () is designed in such a way, that a purging gas which is supplied via the gas supply pipe () to the opening () flows through the body () and exits the body () at the second end (); and wherein at least one electronic sensor () is in contact with the gas purging plug (), to detect an oscillation waveform of a mechanical vibration (). The gas purging system further comprises a data processing unit () for acquiring the oscillation waveform of a mechanical vibration () detected by the electronic sensor () of the gas purging plug () and for calculating a bubble index-signal () from the oscillation waveform of a mechanical vibration () detected; a control unit (); wherein the control unit () is configured to: displaying the bubble index-signal () and/or varying the volume flow () through the gas supply pipe () depending on the bubble index signal () and/or -generating a warning signal () when the bubble index signal () lies outside a defined range. 110. Gas purging plug () for metallurgic applications comprising{'b': 10', '10', '10, 'i': k', 'u', 'o, 'a.) a ceramic refractory body () with a first end () and a second end ();'}{'b': 10', '10', '41, 'i': 'o', 'b.) the second end () is in the mounted position of the gas purging plug () in contact with a metal melt ();'}{'b': 10', '12', '1', '12', '1', '16', '20, 'i': 'u', 'c.) the first end () is at least partially covered with a metal cover (.), the metal cover (.) ...

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Номер записи: 79
19-05-2016 дата публикации

FEED FLOW CONDITIONER FOR PARTICULATE FEED MATERIALS

Номер: US20160138867A1
Автор: ADHAM KAMAL, Jastrzebski Maciej, KOKOURINE Alex
Принадлежит:

A feed charging device comprises a holding vessel having an interior chamber for holding a reserve of a solid particulate feed material in a fluidized state, wherein the feed material is held in said fluidized state in a lower zone of the interior chamber. The feed material is supplied to the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening, and is discharged from the interior chamber through at least one outlet opening. The at least one outlet opening is in flow communication with the lower zone of the interior chamber. A gas supply means supplies a fluidizing gas to the lower zone of the interior chamber, and an outlet conduit in flow communication with the at least one outlet opening receives said feed material discharged from the interior chamber. 1. A feed charging device , comprising:(a) a holding vessel having an interior chamber for holding a reserve of a solid particulate feed material in a fluidized state, wherein the feed material is held in said fluidized state in a lower zone of the interior chamber;(b) at least one inlet opening through which the feed material is supplied to the interior chamber;(c) at least one outlet opening through which the feed material is discharged from the interior chamber, wherein said at least one outlet opening is in flow communication with the lower zone of the interior chamber;(d) gas supply means for supplying a fluidizing gas to the lower zone of the interior chamber;(e) an outlet conduit in flow communication with the at least one outlet opening for receiving said feed material discharged from the interior chamber.2. The feed charging device of claim 1 , further comprising a bottom partition having a plurality of apertures claim 1 , wherein the gas supply means comprises a gas distribution chamber which is separated from the interior chamber of the holding vessel by said bottom partition claim 1 , wherein the gas distribution chamber has an inlet for receiving said fluidizing gas claim 1 , and wherein an interior of ...

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Номер записи: 80
17-05-2018 дата публикации

PURIFYING AN ALLOY MELT

Номер: US20180135150A1
Автор: Fan Zhongyun, Ji Shouxun, Stone Ian
Принадлежит:

Device and method for melt treatment of aluminium alloys having excessive inclusions, impurities and unwanted gases to be removed, by (a) cooling the melt at an appropriate cooling rate to a temperature below the liquidus by shearing the melt associated with the introduction of at least one type of inert gases into the melt to form fine bubbles and high shear in the melt, and (b) purifying inclusions in the melt by floating them to the top surface, degassing the undesirable gases by reacting with the inert gas, and forming solid intermetallics containing impurity elements and transferring the melt mixture by the shearing device into a holding furnace, and (c) maintaining the melt in the holding furnace at a temperature below the liquidus and above the solidus temperature to settle the solid intermetallics formed by impurity elements as sediment at the bottom of the holding furnace while flowing the melt with much reduced inclusions, impurities and unwanted gases out of the holding furnace as applicable materials. The method is advantageously applicable for upgrading aluminium alloys from recycled and/or scrapped materials. 111.-. (canceled)12. A device for separating impurities from an alloy melt , including:(a) a rotor comprising a shaft having a first end and a second end, the shaft having a longitudinal channel with an inlet proximate the first end of the shaft and an outlet proximate the second end of the shaft to allow a fluid to flow into the channel through the inlet, through the shaft and out of the channel at the outlet,(b) a motor to rotate the shaft about its longitudinal axis, and(c) a stator in the form of a sleeve proximate the second end of the shaft, the sleeve having a wall with a plurality of apertures therein, wherein the rotor is encircled by a round stator, whereby in use fluid exiting the longitudinal channel of the shaft is able to pass through said apertures.13. A device as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the sleeve is a hollow cylinder.14. A ...

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Номер записи: 81
28-05-2015 дата публикации

Higher Strength, Mullite-Based Iron Foundry Filter

Номер: US20150145186A1
Автор: III Rudolph A., Olson
Принадлежит:

A ceramic foam filter and method of making the filter is described. The filter comprises: a sintered reaction product of: 35-75 wt % aluminosilicate; 10-30 wt % colloidal silica; 0-2 wt % bentonite; and 0-35 wt % fused silica; wherein the ceramic foam filter has less than 0.15 wt % alkali metals measured as the oxide and a flexural strength of at least 60 psi measured at 4 minutes at 1428° C. 1. A ceramic foam filter comprising:a sintered reaction product of:35-75 wt % aluminosilicate;10-30 wt % colloidal silica;0-2 wt % bentonite;0-35 wt % fused silica; and0-10 wt % pore formers;wherein said ceramic foam filter has less than 0.15 wt % alkali metals measured as the oxide.2. The ceramic foam filter of comprising less than 0.12 wt % alkali metals measured as the oxide.3. The ceramic foam filter of alkali metals includes sodium.4. The ceramic foam filter of comprising less than 0.15 wt % sodium measured as NaO.5. The ceramic foam filter of having a flexural strength of at least 60 psi measured at 4 minutes at 1428° C.6. The ceramic foam filter of having a flexural strength of at least 70 psi measured at 4 minutes at 1428° C.7. The ceramic foam filter of comprising 40-75 wt % aluminosilicate.8. The ceramic foam filter of comprising 50-70 wt % aluminosilicate.9. The ceramic foam filter of comprising 10-30 wt % colloidal silica.10. The ceramic foam filter of comprising 10-20 wt % colloidal silica.11. The ceramic foam filter of comprising 0.6-1.5 wt % bentonite.1221-. (canceled)22. A ceramic foam filter comprising:a sintered reaction product of:35-75 wt % aluminosilicate;10-30 wt % colloidal silica;0-2 wt % bentonite; and0-35 wt % fused silica;wherein said ceramic foam filter has less than 0.15 wt % alkali metals measured as the oxide and a flexural strength of at least 60 psi measured at 4 minutes at 1428° C.2331-. (canceled)32. A process for forming a ceramic foam filter comprising the steps of:preparing a ceramic precursor comprising:35-75 wt % aluminosilicate;10-30 wt ...

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Номер записи: 82
18-05-2017 дата публикации

RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY APPARATUS, RAW MATERIAL SUPPLY METHOD AND FLASH SMELTING FURNACE

Номер: US20170138668A1
Автор: KAWASAKI Tomoya, MOTOMURA Tatsuya, TOJIMA Eiji, YASUDA Yutaka
Принадлежит: PAN PACIFIC COPPER CO., LTD.

A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace, includes: a raw material passage that is provided out of a lance through which the first gas passes, the raw material passing through the raw material passage; and an adjuster that adjusts a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas to the raw material passing through the raw material passage. 1. A raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into a flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction of the raw material into the flash smelting furnace , comprising:a lance through which the first gas passes;a raw material passage concentric with the lance, the raw material passage having an upper end and a lower end;a supply portion that supplies the raw material to the raw material passage;an adjuster surrounding the raw material passage and spaced above the lower end of the raw material passage, the adjuster adjusting a distribution of the raw material by blowing a second gas into the raw material passage.2. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the adjuster has a plurality of pipe lines that blow the second gas to the raw material.3. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 2 , further comprising:a measuring device that measures the distribution of the raw material; anda controller that controls an amount of the second gas blown from each of the plurality of pipe lines to the raw material based on a measurement result of the measuring device.4. The raw material supply apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the supply portion supplies the raw material to the raw material passage from two directions.5. A flash smelting furnace comprising:a raw material supply apparatus that supplies a raw material into the flash smelting furnace and supplies a first gas contributing to a reaction ...

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Номер записи: 83
24-05-2018 дата публикации

METHODS USING HIGH SURFACE AREA PER VOLUME REACTIVE PARTICULATE

Номер: US20180141128A1
Автор: Duxson Peter, Jewell Daniel
Принадлежит:

A method of processing finely divided reactive particulates (R) and forming a product comprising: providing a composite material comprising finely divided reactive particulates (R) dispersed in a protective matrix; at least partially exposing the finely divided reactive particulates (R); and forming the product. 156-. (canceled)57. A method of processing finely divided reactive particulates (R) and forming a product comprising:{'sub': 'Particulate', 'providing a composite material comprising finely divided reactive particulates (R) dispersed in a protective matrix;'}{'sub': 'Particulate', 'at least partially exposing said finely divided reactive particulates (R); and'}forming said product.58. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said finely divided reactive particulates (R) comprise a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium claim 57 , aluminium claim 57 , vanadium claim 57 , chromium claim 57 , niobium claim 57 , molybdenum claim 57 , zirconium claim 57 , silicon claim 57 , boron claim 57 , tin claim 57 , hafnium claim 57 , yttrium claim 57 , iron claim 57 , copper claim 57 , nickel claim 57 , bismuth claim 57 , manganese claim 57 , palladium claim 57 , tungsten claim 57 , cadmium claim 57 , zinc claim 57 , silver claim 57 , cobalt claim 57 , tantalum claim 57 , scandium claim 57 , ruthenium and the rare earths or a combination of any two or more thereof.59. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said protective matrix comprises a metal halide (MX) selected from the group consisting of MgCl claim 57 , NaCl claim 57 , KCl claim 57 , LiCl claim 57 , BaCl claim 57 , CaCl claim 57 , BeCl claim 57 , AlCland any combination thereof.60. A method according to claim 57 , wherein said composite material additionally comprises at least one of (i) one or more metal compounds (MC) in one or more oxidation states claim 57 , and (ii) a reductant (R).61. A method according to claim 60 , wherein said composite material comprises up to 20 wt % of said reductant (R ...

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Номер записи: 84
24-05-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PGM-ENRICHED ALLOY

Номер: US20180142327A1
Автор: Hobbs Chris, STOFFNER Felix
Принадлежит:

A gas-coolable gas lance comprising an inner tube for a supply of a gas A, wherein the inner tube is surrounded by an outer tube, wherein the inner and the outer tube form a hollow space between themselves, wherein the inner tube has a bottom opening and a top opening, wherein the bottom opening comprises or is an exhaust for the gas A, wherein the hollow space is closed at its bottom and has a top opening, wherein the hollow space comprises an arrangement of tubes for a supply of a gas B to the bottom region of the hollow space, wherein the outer tube, the hollow space's bottom and the exhaust for the gas A are made of stainless steel. The gas lance can be used in a pyrometallurgical process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy. 1. A process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy comprising at least one PGM selected from the group consisting of platinum , palladium and rhodium , the process comprising the steps:(1) providing a PGM collector alloy comprising collector metal and one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium,(2) providing a material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten,(3) melting the PGM collector alloy and the material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten within a converter until a multi- or two-phase system of a lower high-density molten mass comprising the molten PGM collector alloy and one or more upper low-density molten masses comprising the molten slag-like composition has formed,(4) contacting an oxidizing gas comprising 0 to 80 vol.-% of inert gas and 20 to 100 vol.-% of oxygen with the lower high-density molten mass obtained in step (3) until it has been converted into a lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy,(5) separating an upper low-density molten slag formed in the course of step (4) from the lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy making use of the difference in density,(6) letting the molten masses separated from ...

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Номер записи: 85
24-05-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PGM-ENRICHED ALLOY

Номер: US20180142328A1
Автор: Hobbs Chris, STOFFNER Felix
Принадлежит:

A gas-coolable gas lance comprising an inner tube for a supply of a gas A, wherein the inner tube is surrounded by an outer tube, wherein the inner and the outer tube form a hollow space between themselves, wherein the inner tube has a bottom opening and a top opening, wherein the bottom opening comprises or is an exhaust for the gas A, wherein the hollow space is open at its bottom and has at least one inlet for a gas B, wherein the outer tube and the oxidizing gas exhaust are made of stainless steel. The gas lance can be used in a pyrometallurgical process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy. 1. A process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy comprising at least one PGM selected from the group consisting of platinum , palladium and rhodium , the process comprising the steps:(1) providing a PGM collector alloy comprising collector metal and one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium,(2) providing a material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten,(3) melting the PGM collector alloy and the material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten within a converter until a multi- or two-phase system of a lower high-density molten mass comprising the molten PGM collector alloy and one or more upper low-density molten masses comprising the molten slag-like composition has formed,(4) contacting an oxidizing gas comprising 0 to 80 vol.-% of inert gas and 20 to 100 vol.-% of oxygen with the lower high-density molten mass obtained in step (3) until it has been converted into a lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy,(5) separating an upper low-density molten slag formed in the course of step (4) from the lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy making use of the difference in density,(6) letting the molten masses separated from one another cool down and solidify, and(7) collecting the solidified PGM-enriched alloy,wherein the contact between the oxidizing gas and ...

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Номер записи: 86
24-05-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PGM-ENRICHED ALLOY

Номер: US20180142329A1
Автор: Hobbs Chris, STOFFNER Felix
Принадлежит:

A gas lance which can be used in a process of any one of the preceding claims, said gas lance comprising or consisting of a rod having inner channels along its length axis, wherein the rod is made of a non-oxidizable ceramic material having a melting point above 1800° C. The gas lance can be used in a pyrometallurgical process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the PGM-enriched alloy comprises >0 to 60 wt.-% of iron and 20 to <100 wt.-% of the one or more PGMs.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the PGM collector alloy provided in step (1) comprises 30 to 95 wt.-% of iron and 2 to 15 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum claim 1 , palladium and rhodium.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the molten slag-like composition comprises or consists of 40 to 90 wt.-% of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide claim 1 , 10 to 60 wt.-% of silicon dioxide claim 1 , 0 to 20 wt.-% of iron oxide claim 1 , 0 to 10 wt.-% of sodium oxide claim 1 , 0 to 10 wt.-% of boron oxide claim 1 , and 0 to 2 wt.-% of aluminum oxide.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein (i) the PGM collector alloy comprises 0 to 4 wt.-% of silicon and wherein the the molten slag-like composition comprises 40 to 60 wt.-% of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide and 40 to 60 wt.-% of silicon dioxide or (ii) wherein the PGM collector alloy comprises >4 to 15 wt.-% of silicon and wherein the the molten slag-like composition comprises 60 to 90 wt.-% of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide and 10 to 40 wt.-% of silicon dioxide.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the PGM collector alloy and the material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten may be melted in a weight ratio of 1:0.2 to 1.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the converter contents is raised to 1200 to 1800° C.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the contacting with the oxidizing gas takes 1 to 5 hours.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 87
24-05-2018 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A PGM-ENRICHED ALLOY

Номер: US20180142330A1
Автор: Hobbs Chris, STOFFNER Felix
Принадлежит:

A process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy comprising 0 to 60 wt.-% of iron and 20 to 99 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium, the process comprising the steps of (1) providing a PGM collector alloy comprising 30 to 95 wt.-% of iron, less than 1 wt.-% of sulfur and 2 to 15 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium, (2) providing a copper- and sulfur-free material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten, wherein the molten slag-like composition comprises 40 to 90 wt.-% of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide and 10 to 60 wt.-% of silicon dioxide, (3) melting the PGM collector alloy and the material capable of forming a slag-like composition when molten in a weight ratio of to within a converter until a multi- or two-phase system of a lower high-density molten mass comprising the molten PGM collector alloy and one or more upper low-density molten masses comprising the molten slag-like composition has formed, (4) contacting an oxidizing gas comprising 0 to 80 vol.-% of inert gas and 20 to 100 vol.-% of oxygen with the lower high-density molten mass obtained in step (3) until it has been converted into a lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy, (5) separating an upper low-density molten slag formed in the course of step (4) from the lower high-density molten mass of the PGM-enriched alloy making use of the difference in density, (6) letting the molten masses separated from one another cool down and solidify, and (7) collecting the solidified PGM-enriched alloy. 1. A process for the production of a PGM-enriched alloy comprising 0 to 60 wt.-% of iron and 20 to 99 wt.-% of one or more PGMs selected from the group consisting of platinum , palladium and rhodium , the process comprising the steps:(1) providing a PGM collector alloy comprising 30 to 95 wt.-% of iron, less than 1 wt.-% of sulfur and 2 to 15 wt.-% of one or ...

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Номер записи: 88
02-06-2016 дата публикации

A SOLIDS INJECTION LANCE

Номер: US20160153715A1
Автор: Dry Rodney James, Hutton Michael Anthony, Pilote Jacques
Принадлежит:

A solids injection lance includes (a) a tube that defines a passageway for solid feed material to be injected through the tube and has an inlet for solid material at a rear end and an outlet for discharging solid material at a forward end of the tube and (b) a puncture detection system for detecting a puncture in the solids injection tube. 1. A solids injection lance includes (a) a tube that defines a passageway for solid feed material to be injected through the tube and has an inlet for solid material at a rear end and an outlet for discharging solid material at a forward end of the tube and (b) a puncture detection system for detecting a puncture in the solids injection tube.2. The lance defined in wherein the puncture detection system is adapted to detect a change of pressure in the solids injection tube or a flow of gas into or from the tube as a result of a puncture in the tube.3. The lance defined in includes a water cooling system claim 1 , and the puncture detection system is located between the solids injection tube and the water cooling system.4. The lance defined in includes a system for injecting an oxygen-containing gas through the lance from a rearward end to a forward end of the lance claim 1 , and the puncture detection system is located between the solids injection tube and the gas injection system.5. The lance defined in wherein the solids injection tube is a central core tube of the lance.6. The lance defined in wherein the puncture detection system includes an annular chamber radially outwardly of the core tube claim 5 , and the puncture detection system is adapted to detect a change of pressure in the annular chamber or a flow of gas into or from the annular chamber as a result of a puncture in the core tube.7. The lance defined in wherein the puncture detection system includes an annular chamber radially outwardly of the core tube claim 5 , a sensor for detecting a change of pressure in the annular chamber or the core tube or a flow of gas into ...

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Номер записи: 89
16-05-2019 дата публикации

Fluid cooled housing system for instruments of a metal making furnace

Номер: US20190145708A1
Автор: Dennis B. Boyle, Vincent J. Civitarese
Принадлежит: Berry Metal Co

The present invention relates to a fluid cooled housing system for use in metal making furnaces. In particular, the present invention related to a novel and inventive housing and guard member configured to receive and protect an implement, such as a burner or a lance, used in connection with metal making furnaces. A preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a housing comprising an outer shell and an inner shell that define a fluid chamber, an end cap, a bushing insert, a face plate, a fluid inlet, and a fluid outlet. Both the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet are preferably in fluid communication with both the fluid chamber defined by the shells and a fluid chamber defined by the bushing insert. In alternative preferred embodiments, the housing system further comprises a guard member that preferably envelopes and further protects the fluid cooled housing.

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Номер записи: 90
28-08-2014 дата публикации

SIMULTANEOUS MULTI-MODE GAS ACTIVATION DEGASSING DEVICE FOR CASTING ULTRACLEAN HIGH-PURITY METALS AND ALLOYS

Номер: US20140238197A1
Автор: Sammy Ricardo, Tilak Ravindra V.
Принадлежит: ALMEX USA, INC.

An “in-line” device to continuously remove dissolved gasses from liquid metal is described. The device described herein may contain an apparatus to create a partial vacuum, one or more ultrasonic vibrators below the surface of the liquid metal to evolve gas bubbles within the metal, and a high-frequency vibrating metal plate which the fluid must pass over at a low depth. The device may be used to create high quality metals, including aluminum and aluminum alloy for a number of demanding applications such as pharmaceutical, semiconductor, foil, and aerospace applications including Aluminum-Lithium alloys. 1. A Multi-Mode Gas Activation degassing apparatus for removing dissolved gasses from liquid metal , the apparatus comprising:an inlet chamber configured to contain a volume of liquid metal, the inlet chamber that receives liquid metal from a source of liquid metal;an outlet chamber in fluid communication with the inlet chamber, wherein the outlet chamber outputs degassed liquid metal;a flow control system that controls the flow of liquid metal into and out of the inlet and outlet chambers;a vacuum source that creates at least a partial vacuum in one or more of the inlet and outlet chambers;one or more ultrasonic probes placed inside the inlet chamber in a location which may be below the fluid level of the inlet chamber when the apparatus is in use; anda high-frequency vibrator configured to make a surface vibrate at a high frequency, the surface placed such that fluid must flow over the surface to transit between the inlet chamber and the outlet chamber of the apparatus.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the liquid metal is one of aluminum or aluminum alloy.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the dissolved gas to be removed is hydrogen claim 2 , and wherein the apparatus is configured to reduce dissolved hydrogen to at least approximately 0.07 cc/100 grams of aluminum or less.4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the apparatus is configured to reduce dissolved ...

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Номер записи: 91
18-06-2015 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING POROUS ALUMINUM

Номер: US20150167119A1
Автор: LEE Jong Kook
Принадлежит:

A method of producing a porous aluminum is provided. The method includes preparing a powder mixture of at least one of Al and an Al alloy and carbon nanoparticles and melting the powder mixture. In addition, the method includes oxidizing the melt using oxygen bubbling and solidifying the melt. 1. A method of producing porous aluminum , comprising:preparing a powder mixture of at least one of aluminum (Al) and Al alloy and carbon nanoparticles;melting the powder mixture to obtain a melt;oxidizing the melt using oxygen bubbling; andsolidifying the melt.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein in preparing the powder mixture claim 1 , at least one of Al and Al alloy in a powder phase is mixed with the carbon nanoparticles.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein in preparing the powder mixture claim 1 , the powder mixture is compacted in a pellet form.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the Al or Al alloy powder has a diameter of about 1000 μm or less.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein in preparing the powder mixture claim 1 , the powder mixture has a particle size of about 200 μm or less.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein in melting the mixture claim 1 , the powder mixture is melted together with an Al ingot.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein in melting the mixture claim 1 , the powder mixture is melted together with calcium (Ca).8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the Ca is used in an amount of about 1 to 2 wt %.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the melting the powder mixture is performed at about 600 to 1100° C.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxidizing is performed by stirring the melt while performing oxygen bubbling. This application claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0155322, filed on Dec. 13, 2013, entitled “Method for producing porous aluminum,” which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application.The present invention relates to a method of producing a porous aluminum (Al) as an ultralight Al material for reducing ...

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Номер записи: 92
16-06-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PROCESSING ALLOY INGOTS

Номер: US20160167100A1
Автор: "OBrien Christopher M.", De Souza Urban J., Forbes Jones Robin M., Kennedy Richard L.
Принадлежит:

Processes and methods related to processing and hot working alloy ingots are disclosed. A metallic material layer is deposited onto at least a region of a surface of an alloy ingot before hot working the alloy ingot. The processes and methods are characterized by a reduction in the incidence of surface cracking of the alloy ingot during hot working. 1. An ingot processing method comprising:depositing a metallic material layer onto a cylindrical alloy ingot, the cylindrical alloy ingot comprising three outer surfaces comprising two opposed circular end surfaces and a circumferential surface intersecting and connecting the two circular end surfaces, wherein the metallic material is more ductile than the alloy.2. The ingot processing method of claim 1 , further comprising hot working the alloy ingot claim 1 , wherein the hot working comprises applying force onto the metallic material layer.3. The ingot processing method of claim 2 , wherein hot working the alloy ingot comprises at least one of a forging operation and an extrusion operation.4. The ingot processing method of claim 2 , wherein hot working the alloy ingot comprises an upset-and-draw forging operation comprising:upset forging the alloy ingot, wherein forging dies contact and apply force to the metallic material layer on one or both of the opposed circular end surfaces to compress the ingot in length and expand the ingot in cross-section; anddraw forging the upset forged alloy ingot, wherein forging dies contact and apply force to the metallic material layer on the circumferential surface to compress the ingot in cross-section and expand the ingot in length.5. The ingot processing method of claim 2 , further comprising removing the metallic material layer from the alloy ingot after hot working the alloy ingot.6. The ingot processing method of claim 1 , further comprising grinding or peeling the surface of the alloy ingot before depositing the metallic layer.7. The ingot processing method of claim 1 , wherein ...

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Номер записи: 93
21-05-2020 дата публикации

Countergravity Casting Apparatus and Desulfurization Methods

Номер: US20200156147A1
Автор: Bochiechio Mario P., Cetel Alan D., Clemens Reade R., JR. John J., Marcin
Принадлежит: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION

An apparatus for countergravity casting a metallic material, comprises: a crucible for holding melted metallic material; a casting chamber for containing a mold; a fill tube capable of extending into the crucible to communicate melted metallic material to the casting chamber; a gas source coupled a headspace of the melting vessel to allow the gas source to pressurize said headspace to establish a pressure differential to force the melted metallic material upwardly through said fill tube into said mold; and means for gettering sulfur. 113-. (canceled)14. A method for countergravity casting a nickel-based superalloy , the method comprising:melting the nickel-based superalloy;disposing a mold under subambient pressure on a mold base with a fill tube of said mold extending through an opening in said base;relatively moving said melting vessel and said base to immerse an opening of said fill tube in the melted nickel-based superalloy in said melting vessel and to engage said melting vessel and said base with seal means therebetween such that a sealed gas pressurizable space is formed between the melted nickel-based superalloy and said base; and reduces sulfur content of the passed melted nickel-based superalloy; and', 'filters sulfur-containing particles., 'gas pressurizing said space to establish a pressure differential on the melted nickel-based superalloy to force it upwardly through said fill tube into said mold, the melted nickel-based superalloy passing through a filter which at least one of15. The method of further comprising:introducing sulfur-gettering particles to the melted nickel-base superalloy upstream of the filter, the sulfur-gettering particles then gettering sulfur to become the sulfur-containing particles.16. The method of wherein the filter comprises a sulfur-gettering material.17. The method of further comprising:solidifying the melted nickel-base superalloy to block the fill tube.1824.-. (canceled) Benefit is claimed of U.S. Provisional Patent ...

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Номер записи: 94
15-06-2017 дата публикации

Ultrasonic Degassing of Molten Metals

Номер: US20170166996A1
Автор: Gill Kevin S., Rundquist Victor F.
Принадлежит:

Methods for degassing and for removing impurities from molten metals are disclosed. These methods can include operating an ultrasonic device in a molten metal bath, and adding a purging gas into the molten metal bath in close proximity to the ultrasonic device. 120-. (canceled)21. An ultrasonic device comprising:an ultrasonic transducer;an elongated probe comprising a first end and a second end, the first end attached to the ultrasonic transducer and the second end comprising a tip, wherein the elongated probe comprises a ceramic;{'b': '3', 'a purging gas delivery system, wherein the purging gas delivery system comprises a purging gas inlet and a purging gas outlet, wherein the purging gas outlet is at or within about cm of the tip of the elongated probe; and'}a booster between the ultrasonic transducer and the elongated probe, wherein the purging gas inlet is in the booster.22. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the ceramic is a Sialon.23. The ultrasonic device of claim 22 , wherein the purging gas outlet is at or within about 2 cm of the tip of the elongated probe.24. The ultrasonic device of claim 22 , wherein the elongated probe is generally cylindrical.25. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the elongated probe is a unitary part.26. The ultrasonic device of claim 25 , wherein the purging gas outlet is at or within about 1 cm of the tip of the elongated probe.27. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the ceramic is silicon carbide.28. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the tip of the elongated probe comprises a ceramic.29. The ultrasonic device of claim 28 , wherein the ceramic is a Sialon.30. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the ultrasonic device comprises two or more elongated probes.31. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the purging gas delivery system comprises a purging gas delivery channel in the elongated probe.32. The ultrasonic device of claim 21 , wherein the purging gas delivery system is capable of ...

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Номер записи: 95
25-06-2015 дата публикации

MOLTEN METAL TREATMENT LANCE

Номер: US20150176097A1
Автор: Hicks James R., Schonberger Kent M., Smith Matthew C.
Принадлежит: J.W. Hicks, Inc.

A molten metal treatment lance includes a refractory having at least one channel extending through the refractory. A first tubular member having two open ends is located in the channel of the refractory. The first tubular member has a side wall having an inner surface and an outer surface. A second tubular member having an open end and a closed end is positioned in the first tubular member. The second tubular member has a side wall having an inner surface, an outer surface and at least one opening extending from the inner surface of the side wall of the second tubular member to the outer surface of the side wall of the second tubular member. The second tubular member is positioned in the first tubular member so as to form a space between the inner surface of the side wall of the first tubular member and the outer surface of the side wall of the second tubular member. 1. A treatment lance , including:a refractory having a first end with an opening therein, a second end with an opening therein, a first channel having a first end extending from the opening in the first end of the refractory to a second end located between the first end of the refractory and the second end of the refractory and a second channel having a first end extending from the second end of the first channel to the opening in the second end of the refractory, the second channel having a cross-sectional area smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first channel;a first tubular member located at least partially within the channel of the refractory, the first tubular member having a first open end positioned outside the refractory and a side wall extending from the first open end to a second open end adjacent the second end of the first channel in the refractory, the side wall of the first tubular member defining a channel and having an inner surface and an outer surface; anda second tubular member having a first end and a side wall extending from the first end of the second tubular member to a ...

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Номер записи: 96
25-06-2015 дата публикации

METHOD FOR TREATING COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL AND INSTALLATION

Номер: US20150176102A1
Автор: Ishikawa Shigeru, Mizuta Yuji, Oguma Nobuhiro, Takagi Makoto
Принадлежит:

A method for treating combustible material of the present invention includes providing a pipe opened to a molten substance surface above the molten substance surface of molten substance stored in a furnace body for smelting nonferrous metals, and blowing combustible material containing valuable metals and oxygen-enriched air into the molten substance surface of the molten substance from the pipe. 1. A method for treating combustible material , comprising:providing a pipe which is opened to a molten substance surface above the molten substance surface of molten substance stored in a furnace body for smelting nonferrous metals; andblowing combustible material containing valuable metals and oxygen-enriched air onto the molten substance surface of the molten substance from the pipe thereby immersing the combustible material in the molten substance to mix the combustible material with the molten substance.2. The method for treating combustible material according to claim 1 ,wherein a lance pipe for blowing mineral ores containing nonferrous metals and oxygen-enriched air onto the molten substance surface of the molten substance is used as the pipe.3. The method for treating combustible material according to claim 1 , using a continuous copper-smelting installation including a smelting furnace claim 1 , a separating furnace and a copper-producing furnace claim 1 , which are connected to one another with launders claim 1 , the method further comprising:heating and melting copper ores to produce molten substance including matte and slag in the smelting furnace;separating the matte and the slag produced in the smelting furnace from each other in the separating furnace;oxidizing the matte separated in the separating furnace to produce blister copper and slag in the copper-producing furnace; andblowing the combustible material and the oxygen-enriched air onto the molten substance surface of the molten substance from the pipe in the smelting furnace.4. The method for treating ...

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Номер записи: 97
21-05-2020 дата публикации

FILTER HANDLING TOOL

Номер: US20200157654A1
Автор: Bosworth Paul, FRITZSCH Robert, SMITH Adam J., VINCENT Mark
Принадлежит:

A molten metal filter box. The filter box includes a filter housing provided in a flow path for molten metal. A horizontal partition is disposed within the filter housing and has at least one filter receiving passage. A filter medium in the shape of a substantially flat plate is positioned within the filter receiving passage and below an inflow path of the molten metal. The filter medium includes a hole. A filter handling tool is disposed within the hole. The filter handling tool can optionally include a handle secured to the molten metal filter box to suspend the filter medium. Advantageously, the filter medium can be removed by grasping the filter handling tool and removing the filter medium. 1. A tool for installing and removing a filter from a molten metal filtration box , said tool comprising a shank , a head end secured to a first end of the shank , and a grasping element releasably secured to a second end of the shank.2. The tool of wherein the head end is permanently secured to the shank.3. The tool of wherein the grasping element comprises an aperture.4. The tool of further comprises a handle shaped for insertion through said aperture.5. The tool of wherein at least a portion of the tool includes reinforced fiber material material covering steel.6. A method for mounting and removing a filter from a filtration box claim 1 , said method comprising:(a) providing a tool that comprises a shank, a head end secured to a first end of the shank, and a grasping element releasably secured to a second end of the shank;(b) detaching the grasping element from the tool;(c) inserting the tool shank through a hole formed in the filter;(d) re-attaching the grasping element to the tool; and(e) positioning the filter in a desired location within the filter box using said tool.7. The method of further comprising removing said filter from the filtration box at a temperature between about 300° and 660° C.8. (canceled)9. The method of wherein after step (e) the shank of the tool ...

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Номер записи: 98
23-06-2016 дата публикации

REFINING DEVICE AND REFINING METHOD FOR TITANIUM SCRAPS AND SPONGE TITANIUM USING DEOXIDISING GAS

Номер: US20160177418A1
Автор: Kim Gang June, LEE Jae Yoon, Moon Byung Moon
Принадлежит: Korea Institute of Industrial Technology

Provided are a method and apparatus for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium, which can remove oxygen from a melt by supplying a deoxidizing gas to the surface of the melt in order to refine titanium scraps and sponge titanium. The method for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium comprises supplying hydrogen ions and electrons in plasma to a titanium melt to remove oxygen from the titanium melt surface having an oxide layer formed thereon. In addition, the apparatus comprises: a vacuum chamber; a crucible located in the vacuum chamber and configured to perform melting by the magnetic field of an induction coil in a state in which a melt and the inner wall of the crucible; a calcium gas supply means configured to supply calcium gas from the bottom of the crucible to the space between the inner wall of the crucible and the melt. 1. A method for refining titanium scraps and sponge titanium , comprising a step of removing oxygen from a titanium melt by supplying plasma gas from a top of a crucible to a surface of the melt.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasma gas comprises argon and hydrogen.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the argon and the hydrogen are supplied at a volume ratio ranging from 1:0.03 to 1:0.5.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of removing oxygen comprises the steps of:diffusing the plasma gas to the surface of the melt;adsorbing the diffused plasma gas to the surface of the melt; andallowing hydrogen ions and electrons in the plasma gas to react with oxygen atoms of the melt on the surface of the melt.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein an atmospheric oxygen molecule is adsorbed to the surface of the melt to form a titanium oxide layer claim 1 , and the step of removing oxygen comprises the steps of:diffusing the plasma gas to the surface of the melt;allowing hydrogen ions and electrons, released from the plasma gas, to react with oxygen atoms of the melt on the titanium oxide layer; andallowing an excess of hydrogen ...

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Номер записи: 99
18-09-2014 дата публикации

Rotational lance drive and rotational lance

Номер: US20140263703A1
Автор: Joseph R. Waitlevertch, Larry J. Epps, Nicholas S. ROMEO
Принадлежит: ESM Group Inc

Rotary lance drives for rotating a lance for injecting gas and powdered reagents into molten metal include a reciprocating rotary lance drive and an associated method. A lance mount which facilitates loading of a lance into a lance drive is also disclosed. Various lance designs are described for improving dispersion of reagent and decreasing process time, including lances having non-circular refractory portions and lances having cross-port arrangements for more evenly distributed reagent discharge.

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Номер записи: 100