АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКОЕ ВОЛНОВОДНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ СЕЛЕКЦИИ ДЛИН ВОЛН И СПОСОБ ЕГО ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

Изобретение используется в оптических линиях связи с объединением длин волн, для настройки длины волны излучения в объемном резонаторе лазера или восстановления формы импульсов в системе импульсной оптической связи. Устройство содержит подложку из фотоупругого материала с двойным лучепреломлением, на которой формируются первая и вторая ступени вращения плоскости поляризации, включающие по меньшей мере один волновод, по меньшей мере один оптический волновод, связывающий две ступени и несущий один поляризатор, состоящий из поляризационного элемента связи с нераспространяющейся волной, по меньшей мере один волновод, расположенный за второй ступенью, несущий поляризационно-селективный элемент. Одна из ступеней содержит приспособление для генерирования поверхностной акустической волны. Способ изготовления включает диффузию металла в подложку для формирования акустического волновода, формирование поляризационно-оптических элементов путем фотолитографического осаждения и последующей диффузии второго ...

Orientierbares Material und Oberflächenwellenanordnung

Akusto-optisches Wellenleiterbauelement

Steuerungsverfahren und -Vorrichtung eines optischen Wellenlängenfilters

Fabrication of optical components

Acoustic-optic device

An acoustic-optic device in which the light beam is converted in mode or polarization as it is diffracted and thus having a dynamic range making it applicable for use in a spectrum analyser. A TM optic beam (24) is guided in a waveguide comprised by a metal indiffused or ion implanted region of a substrate such as lithium niobate (piezo-electric and electro-optic). The TM optic beam (24) is anisotropically Bragg diffracted by a surface acoustic wave (SAW) launched from a transducer (23). The TE diffracted beam (28) is orthogonally polarised with respect to the incident beam and can thus be filtered from the scattered light of the TM incident beam (29), by means for example of an attenuating metallised layer (27). The polarisation conversion is achieved by means of an electro-optic interaction. Another metallised layer (26) over the acousto-optic interaction region may be provided to enhance the polarisation conversion. In addition to improving dynamic range, the modified (anisotropic) Bragg ...

ON PHONON-INDUCED POLARITONI GAPS BASING ACUSTOOPTICAL DEVICE

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE MODULATION OF LIGHT

SINGLE-SIDEBAND MODULATOR WITH AN OPTICAL MONOMODE FIBER.

Fibre design for improved acoustic gratings

Tunable filter with core mode blocker

Acousto-optic variable attenuator with active cancellation of back reflections

FIBRE DESIGN FOR IMPROVED ACOUSTIC GRATINGS

INTEGRATED ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTERS AND SWITCHES

An acousto-optic converter fabricated on x-cut LiNbO3 and having an optical waveguide extending along the y-direction. AD interdigital transducer is oriented at 5.degree. with respect to the y-direction in order to compensate for the acoustic walk-off on such an orientation. Such an integrated acousto-optic converter allows multiple stages of such converters so as to provide for (1) two-stage zero-frequency shifted converters and filters, (2) lasers using an acousto-optic filter as a tuning element, (3) polarization-independent converters in which the modes are divided, separately polarization converted, and recombined according to frequency, (4) and wavelength division multiplexing routing switches capable of simultaneously switching multiple channels.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CALIBRATION OF DIGITAL DOWN CONVERTERS IN A SIGNAL PROCESSING SYSTEM

A calibration technique for digital down converters in a signal processing system, wherein a digital down converter is selected by a system controller for calibration. The digital down converter's settings are copied into a calibration digital down converter which mimics the operation of the selected digital down converter. A best polarization diversity detector signal path, an optimal phase offset value for an in-phase data signal, an optimal phase offset value for a quadrature phase data signal, and a normalized gain value for the in-phase and quadrature phase signals of the selected digital down converter are determined. The system controller updates the selected digital down converter with the determined optimal settings. This procedure is repeated for each digital down converter in the signal processing system, while the signal processing occurs simultaneously.

REFLECTION TAPE FOR WAVEGUIDE

ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICES HAVING AN ACOUSTIC ATTENUATOR STRUCTURE

Disclosed is an acousto- optic device having a number of acoustic attenuating structures and a method to limit the parasitic effects of a surface acoustic wave. The structures include any combination of the following: surrounding the acousto-optic conversion region with acoustic absorber, placing acoustic absorber near to the transducer(s), placing a strip of acoustic absorber between optical waveguides formed in the device, shaping one or more ends of acoustic waveguides formed in the device to absorb energy from the transducer(s), and/or extending the acoustic waveguides to further limit irradiation of unguided acoustic waves. © KIPO & WIPO 2007 ...

OPTICAL SYSTEMS COMPRISING MULTI-CORE OPTICAL FIBERS FOR REALIZING DIRECT CORE TO CORE COUPLING

A multi core optical fiber that includes a plurality of cores disposed in a cladding. The plurality of cores include a first core and a second core. The first core has a first propagation constant β1, the second core has a second propagation constant β2, the cladding has a cladding propagation constant β0, and (I).

GUIDED WAVE ELECTROOPTIC/ACOUSTOOPTIC TUNABLE FILTER

A two-port guided wave tunable filter in a birefringent electrooptic and/or acoustooptic substrate material includes two 3-port, symmetric Y-branch beamsplitters connected by two waveguide sections in which phase-matched polarization coupling occurs, with an input port and an output port. The optical path difference between the beamsplitters is half an optical wavelength, and the polarization coupling regions between the beamsplitters are relatively displaced by an odd integral multiple of half the spatial period of the pertubation responsible for the coupling. In an electrooptic tunable filter embodiment, the polarization coupling in the waveguides is caused by a spatially periodic strain-inducing film and tuning results from an applied electric field. In an acoustooptic tunable filter embodiment, polarization coupling results from a surface acoustic wave and tuning is accomplished by changing the acoustic frequency. Alternatively, four port electrooptic and acoustooptic tunable filters ...

Method for manipulating optical energy using poled structure

Method for optical energy transfer and energy guidance uses an electric field to control energy propagation using a class of poled structures in solid material. The poled structures, which may form gratings in thin film or bulk configurations, may be combined with waveguide structures. Electric fields are applied to the poled structures to control routing of optical energy. Techniques include frequency-selective switchable- and adjustable-tunable reflection, splitting, directional coupling, frequency-tunable switching and efficient beam combining, as well as polarized beam combining. Adjustable tunability is obtained by a poled structure which produces a spatial gradient in a variable index of refraction along an axis in the presence of a variable electric field. In one embodiment, the present invention is a method of switching a grating which consists of a poled material with an alternating domain structure of specific period. When an electric field is applied across the periodic structure ...

Optical device

An optical device comprises an optical fiber directional coupler having at least a first optical fiber optionally coupled at a coupling region to a second optical fiber such that light can propagate in the coupling region in at least two possible electromagnetic transmission modes; and means for transferring energy between the modes by a spatially periodic perturbation of at least a part of coupling region.

System and method for multi-dimensional encoding

The invention provides, according to its various embodiments, a method for secure communication that involves encoding and transmitting an optical communications signal that is encoded based on a multi-dimensional encoding technique. The multi-dimensional encoding technique includes multiple security layers and varies multiple physical characteristics of a communications signal. The multi-dimensional encoding technique may include at least one or more of encoding a phase of an optical communications signal, encoding a polarization of an optical communications signal, and encoding a frequency of an optical communications signal, or any combination thereof. According to embodiments of the invention, the encoding and/or any decoding of the optical communications signal may be carried out using one or more of an optical phase shift coding, a polarization multiplexing, and a multi-wavelength control. Multi-dimensional encoding and decoding keys are provided.

Acousto-optic filter

An acousto-optic filter has a non-birefringent single mode optical fiber with a longitudinal axis, a core and a cladding in a surrounding relationship to the core. The optical fiber has multiple cladding modes and a single core mode that is guided along the core. An acoustic wave propagation member has a proximal end and a distal end coupled to the optical fiber. The acoustic wave propagation member propagates an acoustic wave from the proximal to the distal end and launches a flexural wave in the optical fiber. At least one acoustic wave generator is coupled to the proximal end of the acoustic wave propagation member.

Add/drop acousto-optic filter

A drop AOTF has a first AOTF that includes an optical fiber with a longitudinal axis, an acoustic wave propagation member with a proximal end and a distal end and an acoustic wave propagation member. The acoustic wave propagation member propagating an acoustic wave from the proximal to the distal end of the acoustic wave propagation member. An optical circulator, with first, second and third ports, is coupled to the first AOTF at the third port. A mode coupler is coupled to the first AOTF. A orthogonal-polarization reflective mirror is coupled to the mode coupler.

Optical fiber assembly

A fiber assembly comprised of nanoparticles, wherein said nanoparticles are a mixture of nanomagnetic particles and nanooptical particles.

Acousto-optical devices

The present invention relates to acousto-optic applications of parametric optical apparatuses that use the mechanical energy of elastic oscillations to convert light over a wide range of wavelengths and amplitudes and to generate coherent light.

Acousto-optical tunable waveguide switch

A wavelength selective acousto-optical waveguide device comprises a first and a second optical path (150,160) with an optical path difference (d) between the two waveguides set to the value d = ±¿ (k + m) where, ¿ is the wavelength of the optical signal, k is a number greater than 0 and less than 1; and m is 0 or an integer number, so as to create a phase shift between at least two parasitic components of the optical signal, such as to eliminate them by destructive interference. ...

BRILLOUIN GAIN SPECTRAL POSITION CONTROL OF CLADDINGS FOR TUNING ACOUSTO-OPTIC WAVEGUIDES

OPTICAL FREQUENCY SHIFTER

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a mutual operation region long, to improve a light diffraction characteristic of a waveguide type AOFS, and to obtain driving frequency dependency of SAW power (P100) required for diffracting incident light by 100%. SOLUTION: An optical frequency shifter comprises a substrate with acoustooptic effect, a nearly X-shaped three-dimensional waveguide which is formed so as to have a larger refractive index than the substrate, and a surface acoustic wave electrode provided on the substrate to generate a surface acoustic wave diffracting light propagated in the three-dimensional waveguide, and is characterized in that the length (L) of the mutual operation region wherein the light propagating in the three-dimensional waveguide is diffracted with the surface acoustic wave is determined by L=(π/2α)2÷P100. Here, L is the length of the mutual operation region, P100 is surface acoustic wave power (W)α needed for 100% diffraction, and α is a coupling coefficient. COPYRIGHT ...

АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРЕСТРАИВАЕМЫЙ ФИЛЬТР

FIELD: integrated and fiber optics. SUBSTANCE: given acoustooptical tunable filter can be employed for frequency channeling of signals in fiber-optical communication systems and as small-sized tunable optical spectrometer. Acoustooptical tunable filter is planar optical waveguide with acoustooptical cell in which or close to which elements forming and/or selecting optical beams in the form of two strip optical waveguides and set of elementary reflectors overlapping apertures of proper strip optical waveguides through which incident and output beams correspondingly pass are produced. Angle of inclination of elementary reflectors of forming element is chosen on condition that specular beams are directed at Bragg angle for incident wave. Angle of inclination of elementary reflectors of selecting element is chosen on condition that specular light beams going out of strip waveguide are directed at Bragg angle for diffracted light wave of acoustooptical cell. To secure passage of deviated diffracted beam alone through output strip waveguide relative angle of inclination of specular beams of forming and selecting elements is chosen greater than angle of diffraction divergence of light beams reflected from elementary reflectors. Positions of elementary reflectors are chosen such that directions of propagation of one of order of interference from various elementary reflectors correspondingly match directions specified by specular beams passing from strip optical waveguides to planar optical waveguide on central length of wave of optical radiation of tunable filter. For better suppression of spurious signals outside bandwidth of filter elementary reflectors are chosen with variable reflection factors and elementary reflectors of forming and/or selecting elements are displaced relative to periodic positions in order to expand band of delay of signals outside bandwidth of filter. EFFECT: development of acoustooptical tunable filter with minimal dimensions, narrow line of ...

АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКОЕ ВОЛНОВОДНОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ АКУСТООПТИЧЕСКОГО ПЕРЕКЛЮЧЕНИЯ ОПТИЧЕСКОГО СИГНАЛА

Перестраиваемое акустооптическое волноводное устройство с независимой от поляризации характеристикой включает в себя подложку из двулучепреломляющего и фотоупругого материала, на которой происходит, по крайней мере, одна ступень превращения поляризационной моды у двух отдельных поляризационных компонент оптического сигнала, первый и второй поляризационно избирательные элементы, расположенные соответственно до и после ступени превращения, и, по крайней мере, одну компенсационную ступень для превращения поляризационной моды. По крайней мере, один оптический волновод пропускает две поляризационные компоненты в объединенном виде. Способ акустооптического переключения оптических сигналов основывается на двух превращениях поляризационных компонент оптического сигнала, передаваемого в разделенном и неразделенном соответственно виде при акустооптических взаимодействиях с двумя акустическими волнами. 2 с. и 14 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл., 4 ил.

Оптический разветвитель

Полезная модель относится к области оптического приборостроения и предназначена для разделения оптических пучков. Сущность предлагаемого технического решения заключается в следующем. В заявленном оптическом делителе работающий на основе метода инверсного проектирования делитель мощности позволяет разделить один световой пучок на 3-9 пучков с возможностью регулирования интенсивности и поляризации излучения. Кроме того, вывод пучков может быть реализован по схеме Y-типа, T-типа или типа «звезда». Оптический разветвитель для разделения оптических пучков включает в себя: входной порт для приема входного пучка, делитель мощности, представляющий собой объемную трехмерную структуру, включающую сегменты возмущений с различными показателями преломления, выходные порты для вывода выходных пучков, и отличается тем, что выходные порты разнесены в поперечном сечении выходной поверхности объемной трехмерной структуры с образованием многоугольника. Технический результат заявленной полезной модели заключается ...

Akusto-optische Modulationsvorrichtung mit einem optischen Wellenleiter

Einseitenband-Modulator mit einer optischen Monomode-Faser.

Gires-Tournois etalons and dispersion compensators

A Gires-Tournois etalon (GTE) 10 comprising an optical fibre 12 in which a primary chirped fibre Bragg grating (FBG) 16 is provided, an RF signal generator 20, a piezoelectric transducer 22, and a glass horn 24, for coupling an acoustic wave (26) into the fibre 12. The acoustic wave 26 causes a periodic compression within the fibre 12, which induces a low frequency periodic refractive index modulation within the grating section 14 of the fibre 12. This causes two side frequency components to be generated for each high-frequency component of the FBG 16. Two secondary gratings are thus excited, having the same spectral bandwidth as the FBG 16, but a lower reflectivity and different central wavelengths. The free spectral range of the GTE 10 can be adjusted by varying the frequency of the acoustic wave 26. The reflectivity of the excited secondary gratings can be adjusted by adjusting the amplitude of the acoustic wave 26.

Demodulator for encoded RF signals

A demodulator for decoding encoded RF signals comprises a coherent light source such as a laser diode (10) a collimating lens (12) a transducer (16) which produces a transversely extending surface acoustic wave which interacts with the collimated optical wave from the lens (12). One of the waves is modulated by the incoming signal and the other wave is modulated by a reference signal. A second lens (18) focuses the undiffracted light which is blocked by a stop (20) and diffracted light passing through the lens (18) falls on an array of photodetectors (22). An output signal is obtained by scanning the array of photodetectors (22). A further lens may be employed to focus the diffracted light to form a magnified image onto the photodetector array so as to allow the latter to be positioned remote from the stop (20) and thereby improve the signal to noise ratio of the device. ...

THIN FILM OPTICAL ELEMENT

MODULATING LIGHT FOR USE IN OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

... 1468031 Controlling light WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP 27 Feb 1974 [28 Feb 1973] 8816/74 Heading G2F Light propagating in an optical waveguide with a thickness not greater than 2 degrees wavelengths is modulated by passing bulk ultrasonic acoustic waves through the guide at 90 degrees to the propagation direction. The acoustic waves may be longitudinal or shear waves, and the modulated light is deflected to regions either side of the original beam, the intensity of the latter therefore being varied. The frequency of the deflected light is shifted by the acoustic frequency, with 180 degrees phase shift between corresponding regions on opposite sides of the original beam, and the polarization of the original and deflected beams are identical. In addition shear waves mode convert and frequency shift some of the light, which propagates collinearly with the original beam. All the light is phase modulated at the acoustic frequency. The acoustic wave may be produced by a transducer, e.g. a thin ...

ACUSTOOPTICAL FREQUENCY SLIDEGATE VALVES.

Acousto-optic devices having an acoustic attenuator structure

Optical device

Fibre design for improved acoustic gratings

Add/drop multiplexer with line in reflection and wavelength selective optical cross-connect

GUIDED WAVE ELECTROOPTIC/ACOUSTOOPTIC TUNABLE FILTER

A two-port guided wave tunable filter in a birefringent electrooptic and/or acoustooptic substrate material includes two 3-port, symmetric Y-branch beamsplitters connected by two waveguide sections in which phase-matched polarization coupling occurs, with an input port and an output port. The optical path difference between the beamsplitters is half an optical wavelength, and the polarization coupling regions between the beamsplitters are relatively displaced by an odd integral multiple of half the spatial period of the pertubation responsible for the coupling. In an electrooptic tunable filter embodiment, the polarization coupling in the waveguides is caused by a spatially periodic strain-inducing film and tuning results from an applied electric field. In an acoustooptic tunable filter embodiment, polarization coupling results from a surface acoustic wave and tuning is accomplished by changing the acoustic frequency. Alternatively, four port electrooptic and acoustooptic tunable filters ...

ACOUSTO-OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE, TUNABLE, WITH A POLARIZATION INDEPENDENT RESPONSE, AND A METHOD FOR THE ACOUSTO-OPTICAL PROCESSING OF OPTICAL SIGNALS

An acousto-optical waveguide device, tunable, with a polarization independent response, comprises a substrate in a birefringent and photoelastic material, on which there are obtained at least one stage of polarization mode conversion of two separate polarization components of an optical signal, a first and a second polarization selective element, placed upstream and downstream, respectively, of the conversion stage and at least one compensation stage for the polarization mode conversion, wherein at least one optical waveguide transmits the two polarization components in a combined form. A method for the acousto-optical switching of optical signals is based on two conversions of the polarization components of an optical signal, transmitted separate and not separate, respectively, by acousto-optical interactions with two acoustic waves.

INTEGRATED ACOUSTO-OPTIC FILTERS AND SWITCHES

SUPPRESSION OF POLARIZATION HOLE BURNING WITH AN ACOUSTO-OPTIC MODULATOR

An apparatus and method for reducing polarization hole buming in a rare-earth-do ped fiber amplifier within an optical communication system by converting an optical carrier having a characteristic wavelength into a polarization-rotating optical carrier is disclosed. The apparatus includes a polarization-fixing device optically coupled in the optical transmission system to transform the optical carrier to a polarized opti cal carrier, and an acousto-optic modulator positioned to receive a first portion of the pola rized optical carrier and to orthogonally convert the polarization of the polarized optical ca rrier and to shift the polarized optical carrier by a modulation frequency. The apparatus and method further includes a polarization beam combiner optically coupled to receive the o rthogonally polarization converted and frequency shifted polarized signal and a portion of t he original polarized optical carrier. The polarization beam combiner produces a polarizatio n-rotating carrier ...

ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICES HAVING AN ACOUSTIC ATTENUATOR STRUCTURE

Disclosed is an acousto-optic device having a number of acoustic attenuating structures and a method to limit the parasitic effects of a surface acoustic wave. The structures include any combination of the following: surrounding the acousto-optic conversion region with acoustic absorber, placing acoustic absorber near to the transducer(s), placing a strip of acoustic absorber between optical waveguides formed in the device, shaping one or more ends of acoustic waveguides formed in the device to absorb energy from the transducer(s), and/or extending the acoustic waveguides to further limit irradiation of unguided acoustic waves.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING INDIFFUSED OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE STRUCTURES IN A SUBSTRATE

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an indiffused optical waveguide (6) in a substrate (1). A metal layer (7) and photoresist (8) are deposited on a substrate (1) in this order. Portions of the photoresist (8) are removed such that a photoresist structure (8) corresponding to the desired waveguide structure is left. The exposed portions of the metal layer (7) are removed by a chemical/physical etching technique whereafter the remaining photoresist (8) is removed and the remaining metal layer (7) is diffused into the substrate (1) by a heat treatment. The usage of a chemical/physical etching method for removing portions of the metal layer (7) results in smaller variations in the width of the waveguide after indiffusion. Such waveguides are particularly advantageous when being used in connection with acousto-optical devices. The optical waveguides according to the invention are also useable with other integrated optics devices.

DEVICE ACOUSTO-OPTIQUE FOR OPTICAL FILTERING

SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE DEVICES FOR CONTROLLING HIGH FREQUENCY SIGNALS USING MODIFIED CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS

Devices for controlling high frequency signals such as optic or electric signals are disclosed which utilize guided and/or reflected surface acoustic waves. The devices preferably use crystalline substrates modified (e.g., by ion exchange to increase mass density) to contain acoustic reflectors and/or continuous acoustic waveguiding channels (optionally, in combination with optical features such as optical waveguiding channels) and interdigital transducers deposited thereon to provide frequency generation (and reception where high frequency electrical signals are controlled). The preferred crystal substrates are of a material having a piezoelectric-elastic dielectric matrix capable of the generation of acoustic waves, such as MTiOXO4 (where M is K, Rb, T1, and/or NH4 and X is P and/or As) having mm2 symmetry.

ACOUSTO-OPTIC VARIABLE ATTENUATOR WITH ACTIVE CANCELLATION OF BACK REFLECTIONS

An acousto-optic filter includes an optical fiber with a first region and a second region. A first acoustic wave generator is coupled to optical fiber. The first acoustic wave generator produces a first acoustic wave that travels in a first direction in the first region. A backward-propagating wave is generated in response to propagation of the first acoustic wave along the optical fiber. The backward-propagating wave travels in an opposite direction relative to the first acoustic wave. A first acoustic wave propagation member is coupled to the optical fiber. A second acoustic wave generator is coupled to the optical fiber at the second region. The second acoustic wave generator produces a second acoustic wave that combines with the backward propagating acoustic wave.

ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICES UTILIZING LONGITUDINAL ACOUSTIC WAVES

An acousto-optic filter includes an optical fiber with a longitudinal axis, a core and a cladding in a surrounding relationship to the core. The optical fiber has multiple cladding modes. At least one acoustic wave generator is included and made of a sufficiently high frequency piezoelectric material to produce a longitudinal acoustic wave. An acoustic wave propagation member has proximal and distal ends. The distal end is coupled to the optical fiber and the proximal end is coupled to the acoustic wave generator. The acoustic wave propagation member propagates the longitudinal acoustic wave from the proximal to the distal ends and excites the longitudinal acoustic wave in the optical fiber.

A METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE LOCATION OF A MEDICAL INSTRUMENT WITH RESPECT TO ULTRASOUND IMAGING, AND A MEDICAL INSTRUMENT TO FACILITATE SUCH DETERMINATION

TWO-STAGED SOUND-OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a two-staged sound-optical waveguide device capable of preventing an optical signal from crosstalk and noise, and a communication signal from being deteriorated in quality. SOLUTION: A two-staged sound-optical waveguide device is provided with two polarized light conversion stages 103, 203, a polarized light selective input element 104, a polarized light selective output element 205, and two intermediate polarized elements 105, 204, and is also provided with two branch parts 116, 216 in which the intermediate elements are coupled to each other, and two branch parts 118, 210 in which they are not coupled to each other, and the two branch parts are located on both sides of the mutually coupled branch parts 116, 211 and are extended to side waveguides 155, 255 reaching the substrate ends. COPYRIGHT: (C)1998,JPO ...

OPTISCHE VORRICHTUNG

Method and device for modulating radiant energy in optical fibres

Radiant energy guided in an optical monomode fibre is modulated in phase and frequency by means of spatially periodic disturbance. ...

Optical transmission device

ACUSTOOPTICAL MODULATOR ARRANGEMENT

Method and apparatus for calibration of digital down converters in a sig nal processing system

Guided wave electrooptic/acoustooptic tunable filter

SINGLE MODE FIBER OPTIC SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR

SINGLE MODE FIBER OPTIC SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR

SINGLE MODE FIBER OPTIC SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR A fiber optic frequency shifter includes an optical fiber having two modes of propagation, each with a different propagation velocity, and a coupler for applying time varying stress to the fiber at first and second locations on the fiber, with a predetermined phase relationship between the stress at the two locations. The coupler may include a plurality of discrete coupling elements, such as ridges or driving electrodes and a driver to drive the coupling elements in accordance with driving signals having the predetermined phase difference, or the coupler may include an acoustic wave generator coupled to the fiber for applying to the fiber an actual travelling acoustic wave. With the discrete distributed coupling elements, the frequency of the driving signals and the phase relationship between the driving signals is such as to create a simulated travelling acoustic wave in the fiber. The real or apparent travelling acoustic wave in the fiber ...

AN ACOUSTO-OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE WITH COMPENSATION OF POLARIZATION MODE DISPERSION

An acousto-optical waveguide device with compensation of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) comprises at least one first and one second optical path in optical waveguide and at least one compensation optical path connected to the first and second optical path; the compensation optical path has a prefixed PMD such that the passage time of a first polarization component of an optical signal in the first optical path and in the compensation optical path is substantially equal to the passage time of a second polarization component in the second optical path and in the compensation optical path.

COMPONENT ACOUSTO-OPTIQUE HAS WAVE OPTICAL GUIDEE

Composant acousto-optique à onde optique guidée, comportant sur un même substrat (1): - une couche (4) définissant sur ledit substrat (1) une zone d'interaction acousto-optique, la composition de ladite couche étant telle que la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement du composant est proche par valeurs supérieures du seuil d'absorption optique de ladite couche, - au moins deux couches (2, 3) de guide d'onde transparentes à la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement du composant, réparties de part et d'autre de la couche définissant la zone d'interaction acousto-optique, ces différentes couches (2, 3, 4) étant déposées sur ce substrat par épitaxie sélective.

ISOLATEUR OPTO-ACOUSTIQUE ET METHODE POUR L'ISOLATION D'UNE SOURCE DE LUMIERE MONOCHROMATIQUE

Isolateur opto-acoustique et méthode pour l'isolation d'une source de lumière monochromatique à l'égard des variations dans sa charge de sortie. Un dispositif de diffraction opto-acoustique de Bragg est placé sur le trajet optique de sortie de la source de lumière. Il en change la fréquence. Un filtre optique est interposé entre la source de lumière et le dispositif de diffraction. Ainsi la lumière résultant d'une réflexion subit deux changements de fréquence et se trouve de ce fait arrêté par le filtre. L'invention est applicable en relation avec toutes les sources de lumière monochromatique et en particulier les diodes laser semi-conductrices. (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) ...

Dispositivo guia de ondas acusto-ópticas sintonizável independente de polarizaçao para a seleçao do comprimento de onda de um sinal óptico

Acoustic-optical device for optical filtering

An acoustic-optical device for optical filtering includes two successive acoustic-optical interaction segments separated by an intermediate polarizer and each modifying the polarization of light guided by it. The modification depends on the frequencies of the interacting optical and acoustic waves. The acoustic waves are supplied symmetrically to the two interaction segments from a common electro-optical transducer. The transmission spectrum of the optical filter is subject to apodization by coupling between an auxiliary acoustic waveguide including the transducer and a main acoustic waveguide including the optical waveguide. Applications of the device include fiber optic telecommunication systems.

Tunable dynamic gain flattening filter using polarization delays

A dynamic gain flattening filter includes a first filter stage. The first filter stage has a first tunable coupling member and a first differential delay with first and second tunable delay paths. The first tunable coupling member adjusts an amount of power of the optical signal that is divided onto the first and second tunable delay paths of the first differential delay.

Single mode fiber optic single sideband modulator and method of frequency shifting using same

A fiber optic frequency shifter comprising two waveguides having different indices of refraction. In some embodiments the waveguides are two modes of propagation in one fiber. Plural distributed coupling ridges, or electrodes mounted adjacent piezoelectric materials, are independently driven to apply sinusoidally varying forces to the fiber. In some embodiments, the phase relationship of the driving signals for the electrodes or ridges is such that a travelling acoustic wave is launched in the fiber. In other embodiments, regions of stress in the fiber are created by an acoustic wave coupled into the fiber from a transducer coupled to an acoustic medium surrounding the fiber. The input carrier light is shifted in frequency by the frequency of the acoustic wave.

DEVICE FOR PHOTONIC GENERATION OF ARBITRARY MICROWAVE SIGNALS HAVING LINEAR FREQUENCY MODULATION

Photonic devices for generating linearly frequency modulated arbitrary microwave signals comprise a laser, and assembly for forming the emitted signal and a photoreceiver the passband of which is in the domain of the microwave frequencies. The forming assembly comprises: a first beam splitter; a first optical channel including a frequency-shifting loop comprising a beam splitter, a first optical amplifier, an optical isolator, a first spectral optical filter and an acousto-optical frequency shifter; a second optical channel including an electro-optical frequency shifter; a second beam splitter; a second optical amplifier; and a second optical filter; the acousto-optical frequency shift, the electro-optical frequency shift and the amplification gain of the first optical amplifier being adjustable. 1. A photonic device for generating linearly frequency modulated arbitrary microwave signals , said device comprising , in this order , a laser that emits a continuous-wave signal at a first optical frequency , an assembly for spectrally and temporally forming said continuous-wave signal and a photoreceiver the passband of which is in the domain of the microwave frequencies ,wherein the spectrally and temporally forming assembly includes at least:a first Y-junction beam splitter placed at the exit of the laser;a first optical channel placed at the exit of the first branch of the first Y-junction beam splitter, said first optical channel being a frequency-shifting loop, said frequency-shifting loop comprising an X-junction beam splitter, a first optical amplifier, a first optical filter, an optical isolator and an acousto-optical frequency shifter, which are placed between two branches of the X-junction beam splitter;a second optical channel placed at the exit of the second branch of the first Y-junction beam splitter, said second optical channel including an electro-optical frequency shifter;a second Y-junction beam splitter the first branch of which is placed at the exit ...

Control method and control apparatus of optical device

The present invention aims at providing a control method and a control apparatus for controlling the operation setting of an optical device with high accuracy, so as to reliably obtain characteristics according to a desired relationship to be set corresponding to a signal light, immediately after the control start. To this end, the control apparatus of the present invention comprises an optical coupler that branches a part of a main signal light input to the optical device, a monitoring optical device that operates in accordance with a control parameter same as for the optical device, and processes the monitor light branched by the optical coupler, a light receiver that receives the monitor light processed by the monitoring optical device, a detecting circuit that detects a relationship between the monitor light received by the light receiver, and the wavelength or optical power of the signal light, and a controlling circuit that adjust the control parameter for the optical device to control ...

Piezoelectric deformable photonic devices

A CMOS-compatible actuator platform for implementing phase, amplitude, and frequency modulation in silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits via piezo-optomechanical coupling using tightly mechanically coupled aluminum nitride actuators is disclosed. The platform, which may be fabricated in a CMOS foundry, enables scalable active photonic integrated circuits for visible wavelengths, and the piezoelectric actuation functions without performance degradation down to cryogenic operating temperatures. A number of devices are possible, including ring modulator devices, phase shifter devices, Mach-Zehnder interferometer devices, directional coupler devices (including tunable directional coupler devices), and acousto-optic modulator and frequency shifter devices, each of which can employ the same AlN actuator platform. As all of these devices can be built on the same AlN actuator platform, numerous optical functions can be implemented on a single die.

Method and apparatus for calibration of digital down converters in a signal processing system

A controllable optical device

An controllable optical device for integrated optics applications comprises a material structure, at least one optical cavity defined in said material structure and having a refractive index, a dimension, and first and second sides, said material structure including a plurality of alternating transparent layer regions of alternating refractive indices forming first and second Bragg mirrors disposed one at each of said first and second sides of said optical cavity, and at least one transducer provided on said material structure for the generation of acoustic waves adapted to modulate said refractive index and said dimension of said optical cavity whereby to influence a light beam incident on said Bragg mirrors and said optical cavity. The device can be designed to have acoustic and optic waves propagating in arbitrary directions.

ACOUSTOOPTIC EFFECT TYPE WAVEGUIDE TYPE FREQUENCY SHIFTER

PURPOSE: To obtain a sufficient optical frequency shift quantity and eliminate the need for a mode converting element, and to reduce the size of the constitution by propagating surface acoustic waves to both ends of an optical waveguide from both sides of an inter-digital electrode and converting the mode of incident light at least twice. CONSTITUTION: When a voltage is applied to a couple of inter-digital electrodes 14 provided halfway in an optical waveguide 12, the surface acoustic waves 16 and 20 are propagated to both sides of the electrodes 14 toward the end parts of the waveguide 12. The mode of the incident light from one end of the waveguide 12 is converted at least twice with those surface waves 16 and 20 to shift the frequency by acoustooptic effect and projection light which is reconverted to its original mode is projected from the other end of the waveguide 12. The sufficient optical frequency shift quantity is obtained by this acoustic effect type and the need for the mode ...

PARALLEL SERIAL CONVERTER OF OPTICAL DATA

PURPOSE: To enable high speed conversion high in noise resistance by converting many optical data inputted in parallel directly to serial optical data without converting the data to electric signal. CONSTITUTION: The first comb electrode ultrasonic wave oscillator (IDT)31 and the second IDT32 are provided at a distance M in the direction of propagation of surface acoustic wave. Driving of IDT31, 32 is started simultaneously by a driving circuit 4 consisting of a high frequency oscillator. Accordingly, the second surface acoustic wave 52 from IDT32 propagates later than the first surface acoustic wave 51 from IDT31 by a distance M. In the front side of IDT31 in the direction of propagation, the first surface acoustic wave 51 exists singly at a part 51a a distance M behind the front end of the first surface acoustic wave 51. While in the rear, the first and second surface acoustic waves 51, 52 are overlapped. A sound absorbing member 6 is formed at the end of a thin film wave guide 2 on the ...

ACOUSTOOPTICAL ELEMENT

PURPOSE: To obtain an acoustooptical element having a large variable width of a deflection angle of light by enhancing the efficiency of excitation of Rayleigh waves and widen the band of frequencies to excite the Rayleigh waves. CONSTITUTION: This acoustooptical element 10 includes a Y-cut Z-propagation LiNbO3 substrate 12. An optical waveguide layer 14 consisting of Nb2O5 having' the refractive index higher than the refractive index of this LiNbO3 substrate 12 is formed on one main surface of the LiNbO3 substrate 12. An input grating 16 is formed on the main surface on the light input side of the optical waveguide layer 14 and an output grating 18 is formed on the main surface on the light output side of the optical waveguide layer 14. Interdigital electrodes 20 for exciting the Rayleigh waves are formed between the input grating 16 and the output grating 18 on the main surface of the optical waveguide layer 14. Further, a dielectric thin-film layer 22 consisting of ZnO is formed on the ...

FIBER OPTIC FREQUENCY SHIFTER

LIGHT TIME SWITCH

PURPOSE: To decrease the necessary number of an optical delaying means by forming the optical signal of plural wavelengths by the means to separate for every time slot and output from the mutually different output terminals, plural light delaying means and the light coupler and using multiply the light delaying means by plural wavelengths. CONSTITUTION: An optical signal on an input light highway 101, for which the time base and wavelength base are multiplexed, is branched to the time base optical signal of three wavelengths λ1, λ2 and λ3 a light branching filter 102, and inputted into optical switches 103, 104 and 105 of 1×3 respectively. The optical switches 103, 104 and 105 are respectively inputted for respective time slots for the time base signal of respective wavelengths prior to light branching filters 106, 107 and 108 to either of the first, second and third light delaying lines 109, 110 and 111 in which the mutual difference of propagating delay times is an integer-fold of the ...

Способ формирования массива волоконных решеток Брэгга с различными длинами волн отражения

Изобретение относится к волоконно-оптическим технологиям, в частности к оптическим волокнам, которые имеют в сердцевине квазираспределенные структуры волоконных брэгговских решеток (ВБР) отличающиеся периодами на едином отрезке оптического волокна. Способ формирования массива ВБР с различными длинами волн отражения с использованием интерферометра Тальбота заключается в облучении одномодового оптического волокна с химическим составом сердцевины 3.5% GeO, 96.5% SiO, предварительно подвергнутого низкотемпературной водородной обработке, импульсами KrF эксимерной лазерной системы, устанавливаемого в магнитные держатели с натяжением не более 0,02 Н, для записи каждой отдельной решетки массива ВБР рассчитывают период интерференционной картины для угла поворота зеркал интерферометра в соответствии с предварительно определенным экспериментальным путем эффективным показателем преломления. При этом предварительно записывают вышеуказанным излучением калибровочную ВБР одним импульсом с малым коэффициентом ...

Optisches Spektrometer

EINRICHTUNG ZUR ABSCHIRMUNG EINER LICHTQUELLE

LICHTIMPULSKONTROLLE MITTELS PROGRAMMIERBARER AKUSTOOPTISCHER VORRICHTUNG

Optical transmission device

A flexible and economical OADM network can be realized to improve the quality and reliability of the OADM function. A wavelength variable filter (11) selects a wavelength variably according to a control frequency. A filter control section (12) applies a control frequency which has scanned the entire signal band to the wavelength variable filter (11) and recognizes a reference control frequency used when the wavelength variable filter (11) selects a reference wavelength according to a reference wavelength monitor signal (m0) received, thereby performing wavelength matching. Upon reception of a wavelength selection request, the filter control section (12) calculates a target control frequency according to a reference control frequency from the relative position of the reference wavelength and the target wavelength to be selected and applies the obtained frequency to the wavelength variable filter (11). A reference wavelength filter (21) makes the reference wavelength pass. A photodetector ...

OPTICAL DEVICE

LIGHT PULSE CONTROL OF MEANS OF PROGRAMMABLE ONES OF ACUSTOOPTICAL DEVICE

FIBRE OPTIC FREQUENCY SHIFTER

ACTUATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR EXCITATION OF FLEXURAL WAVES ON AN OPTICAL FIBER

A system for exciting flexural waves on an optical fiber (102) is provided. The system includes a substrate (114, 118), an actuator (106), and a mechanical optical fiber coupling (104). The actuator is formed of an electromechanical transducer material. The actuator is mounted on the substrate. The mechanical optical fiber coupling (for example, an adhesive media) forms a secure mechanical connection between the actuator and the optical fiber. The mechanical optical fiber coupling is configured for communicating mechanical vibrations from the actuator to the optical fiber. However, it should be understood that the mechanical optical fiber coupling is exclusive of a tapered horn.

ACOUSTO-OPTICAL DEVICE

An acousto-optical add/drop multiplexer includes an acousto-optical switch (8) including a first optical port (202) coupled to a first polarization splitter, at least one polarization converter coupled between the first polarization splitter and a second polarization splitter, and second and third optical ports (203) and (205) coupled to the second splitter. A first circulator (7) is coupled to the first optical port, a mirror (13) is coupled to the second optical port, and a second circulator (12) is coupled to the third optical port. A wavelength selective optical cross-connect may be realized by coupling two such acousto-optical add/drop multiplexers by a single optical fiber to their respective third optical ports.

Acousto-Optic Filter with Near-Ideal Bandpass Characteristics

WAVEGUIDE STRUCTURES IN PARTICULAR FOR USE IN ACOUSTO-OPTICAL MODE CONVERTERS AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAME

The invention relates to optical birefringent waveguides, acousto-optical devices using such optical waveguides and an acoustic waveguide formed in a substrate as well as a manufacturing method therefore. The optical waveguides of the invention exhibit a small birefringent variation with respect to a change of waveguide parameters, if the fundamental mode propagating in the optical waveguide has a propagation constant near to the cut-off condition. The optical waveguide dimensions are typically chosen such that the cut-off wavelength of the waveguide is below 1650 nm for an operating wavelength in the window between 1530 nm and 1565 nm. The acousto-optic mode converter using such optical waveguides have a superior conversion characteristic over the conversion frequency with reduced side lobes. Therefore, using the thin and narrow optical waveguides of the invention, a superior performance of the acousto-optical devices using such an optical waveguide can be obtained.

Polarization-preserving fiber acousto-optic switch

Acoustooptic modulator for high-power pulse optical fiber laser

COMPONENT ACOUSTO-OPTIQUE HAS WAVE OPTICAL GUIDEE

Dispositivo acusto-óptico em guia de onda com compensação de dispersão modal de polarização e respectivo método de transmissão

ACTUATOR SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a set-up and a method for repeatedly sending longitudinal displacement pulses through a length of optical fibre, the set-up using an actuator arrangement for exciting longitudinal displacement pulses, or waves, in an optical fibre. The arrangement comprises a bracket, a washer element, a piezo member arranged between the bracket and the washer element, and an optical fibre that is engaged with and extending through a passage in the washer element. The piezo member is operative, responsive to an applied voltage, to displace the washer element and the fibre engaged therewith, in the longitudinal direction of the fibre, with respect to the bracket. Thereby, a longitudinal displacement pulse may be excited in the optical fibre. The actuator arrangement may also, in the set-up according to the invention, operate as a sensor for sensing longitudinal displacements in optical fibres.

DUAL POLARIZATION QUADRATURE MODULATOR

A dual polarization quadrature modulator includes an input planar lightwave circuit (PLC) configured to deliver coherent light to a polymer-on substrate device including a plurality of electro-optic (E-O) polymer optical modulation waveguides configured to each phase modulate the coherent light, and the E-O polymer optical modulation waveguides output modulated coherent light to an output PLC configured to combine waveguide pairs of phase modulated light into Mach-Zehnder interferometric signals, combine pairs of Mach-Zehnder interferometric signals into quadrature modulated signals. A polarization rotator rotates modulated light from one of the quadrature modulated signals into an orthogonal polarization. The output PLC combines the quadrature-modulated and rotated quadrature modulated light to form a dual polarization, quadrature modulated light signal. The PLCs and the polymer-on-substrate device are integrated onto a single assembly substrate. 1. An optical modulator , comprising:an input planar lightwave circuit (PLC) configured to divide and deliver coherent light through a plurality of input interface waveguides;a thin film polymer on substrate (TFPS) modulator including a plurality of electro-optic (E-O) polymer waveguides, each respectively operatively coupled to receive the divided coherent light from each of at least a portion of the plurality of input interface waveguides, at least a portion of E-O polymer waveguides being configured to modulate the received coherent light; andan output planar lightwave circuit including a plurality of output interface waveguides, at least a portion of which are operatively coupled to receive modulated light from the plurality of electro-optic polymer waveguides, the output planar lightwave circuit being configured to combine the received modulated light into at least one output waveguide.2. The optical modulator of claim 1 , wherein the thin film polymer on substrate modulator includes a plurality of first phase bias ...

Systems for Transmitting Control Signals Over a Fiber Optic Data Network and Related Methods and Apparatus

Optical couplers for injecting an optical control signal onto an optical fiber include a micro-ring resonator that is coupled to the optical fiber, an optical transmission path and a modulator that is configured to vary a distance between the optical transmission path and the micro-ring resonator in order to selectively couple light from the optical transmission path onto the micro-ring resonator. 1. An optical coupler for injecting an optical control signal onto an optical fiber , comprising:a micro-ring resonator that is coupled to the optical fiber;an optical transmission path; anda modulator that is configured to vary a first distance between the optical transmission path and the micro-ring resonator or to vary a second distance between the optical fiber and the micro-ring resonator in order to selectively couple light from the optical transmission path onto the optical fiber via the micro-ring resonator.2. The optical coupler of claim 1 , wherein the modulator comprises an ultrasonic acoustic modulator.3. The optical coupler of claim 1 , further comprising an optical source that is coupled to the optical transmission path claim 1 , wherein the optical source comprises a light emitting diode or laser.4. The optical coupler of claim 1 , wherein the micro-ring resonator is enclosed within a housing and the optical fiber comprises a first optical fiber claim 1 , and wherein the first optical fiber is received within a first side of the housing and a second optical fiber is also received within the housing.5. The optical coupler of claim 2 , wherein the optical coupler comprises a first optical coupler that is part of a fiber optic data network claim 2 , the micro-ring resonator comprises a first micro-ring resonator claim 2 , the ultrasonic acoustic modulator comprises a first ultrasonic acoustic modulator and the optical transmission path comprises a first optical transmission path claim 2 , the fiber optic data network further comprising a second optical coupler ...

Transparent Flat-Panel Holographic Display

In a method for forming a holographic image, light is provided to a flat-panel holographic video display that includes waveguide elements that each have a light-guiding substrate and an array of transducers configured to produce a diffraction grating comprising surface acoustic waves. The grating causes the waveguide to outcouple light, focusing it to, or producing wavefront curvatures consistent with it having emanated from, one or more points, in order to form a holographic image. The transducer array may include a large number of densely packed, vertically-adjacent transducers for each hogel for full parallax or may include a small number of vertically-adjacent transducers and a cylindrical optical element for each hogel. The display may be edge-illuminated by a collinear multicolor source. The substrate exit face may have nanopatterned areas alternated with flat areas in order to create regions of optimal internal reflection next to regions of low reflection.

In-medium sculpted tunable graded index lenses

Disclosed herein is a novel technique that employs non-invasive ultrasound for spatiotemporal modulation of the refractive index in a medium to define and control the trajectory of light within the medium itself, thereby creating a virtual sculpted lens. By varying the amplitude of ultrasonic waves in the medium, the numerical aperture (NA) value of the virtual sculpted lens can be changed. The location of the focus of the virtual sculpted lens can be precisely scanned within a scattering tissue.

Saw Modulator Having Optical Power Component for Extended Angular Redirection of Light

A light field generator system including a leaky-mode SAW modulator is disclosed. The modulator incorporates at least one optical power component, such as a concave mirror or volume grating having a non-zero diopter rating. In some embodiments, the system incorporates the at least one optical power component by embedding the optical power component within a substrate of the SAW modulator and/or by placing the optical power component upon a surface of the SAW modulator. 1. A light field generator system , comprising:a substrate;series of optical modulators integrated side-by-side in the substrate;a radio frequency drive circuit for providing radio frequency drive signals to the optical modulators; andat least one optical power component for directing light from optical modulators.2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein exit light angles θ vary over a range of greater than 45 degrees with frequency changes in the RF drive signals.3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein exit light angles θ vary over a range of greater than 90 degrees with frequency changes in the RF drive signals.4. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each optical power component extends across the substrate and the modulators.5. A system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising two or more optical power components located along the length of the optical modulators.6. A system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a multi wavelength optical source that generates light over a range of wavelengths for input into the optical modulators.7. A SAW modulator claim 1 , including at least one optical power component.8. The modulator of claim 7 , wherein the optical power component is embedded within a substrate of the SAW modulator.9. The modulator of claim 7 , wherein the optical power component s placed upon claim 7 , mounted to claim 7 , and/or fabricated in a surface of the SAW modulator.10. The modulator of claim 7 , wherein the optical power component has the function of a concave ...

Reconfigurable ultrasonically sculpted optical beam paths

Disclosed herein is a novel reconfigurable spatial and temporal light modulation method that exploits the imaging medium itself by employing a multi-element ultrasonic transducer array as an in-situ acoustic modulator. The medium density can be modulated using different ultrasonic pressure patterns to pattern an incident collimated beam of light.

OPTO-ACOUSTIC SIGNAL PROCESSING

Devices and systems for opto-acoustic signal processing are described herein. In one embodiment, the device may include a structure configured to laterally confine travelling acoustic phonons (hypersound) throughout, a first multimode optical waveguide embedded within the structure, and an acoustic phonon emitter within the structure, where the first multimode optical waveguide is selected to couple to the acoustic phonons (hypersound) confined within the structure. In one embodiment, the system may include a first light source optically coupled to a proximal end of the first multimode optical waveguide, the first light source emitting a probe wave having a frequency ω, and a driver configured to drive the acoustic phonon emitter to emit acoustic phonons (hypersound). 1. A device comprising:a structure configured to laterally confine travelling acoustic phonons (hypersound) throughout;a first multimode optical waveguide embedded within the structure; andan acoustic phonon emitter within the structure;wherein the first multimode optical waveguide is selected to couple to the acoustic phonons (hypersound) confined within the structure.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the acoustic phonon emitter is a piezoelectric or electromechanical device.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the structure configured to laterally confine travelling acoustic phonons (hypersound) throughout is a trench adjacent to the first multimode optical waveguide and the acoustic phonon emitter.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein:the acoustic phonon emitter is a second multimode optical waveguide; andthe first multimode optical waveguide and the second multimode optical waveguide are optically isolated from each other as a result of different widths.5. The device of claim 4 , wherein the first multimode optical waveguide and the second multimode optical waveguide are optically isolated from each other as a result of a sufficient lateral distance between the first multimode optical waveguide and the ...

SECURITY SWITCH

The present disclosure relates to optical switching devices and switch modules that are designed for long-term security monitoring of high-value infrastructure access entry points. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure include optical switches based on fiber-Bragg gratings whose operating wavelengths are based on the presence or absence of magnetic coupling between an embedded permanent magnet and an external element. By monitoring the spectral position of the operating wavelengths and/or the magnitude of a light signal at the operating wavelengths, the state of the magnetic coupling can be determined and used as an indicator of whether the security switch has been actuated. 1. A switch module comprising:a first fiber-Bragg grating (FBG) portion that includes a first FBG characterized by a first operating wavelength, wherein the first FBG portion has a first length, and wherein the first operating wavelength is based on the first length; anda first magnet that is mechanically coupled with the first FBG portion such that a first motion of the first magnet induces a first change in the first operating wavelength.2. The switch module of further comprising:a second FBG portion that includes a second FBG characterized by a second operating wavelength, wherein the second FBG portion has a second length, and wherein the second operating wavelength is based on the second length;wherein the first magnet is mechanically coupled with the second FBG portion such that the first motion induces a first change in the second operating wavelength; andwherein the second change is equal and opposite to the first change.3. The switch module of further comprising:a pivot assembly that includes a first attachment point and a second attachment point, wherein the pivot assembly is mechanically coupled with the first magnet such that the first motion induces a first rotation of the first and second attachment points about a rotation axis;a third attachment point; anda fourth ...

Light field generation system including directionally-sensitive optical element for improved contrast

A light field generation system includes a two dimensional emitter array for projecting light and a directionally-sensitive optical element in front of the emitter array but before a directional diffuser. Certain classes of emitters are intended to project information principally along one axis (e.g. amplitude modulated in the horizontal plane, i.e. so that each eye sees a potentially different image) and are the basis of horizontal-parallax-only (HPO) displays. Examples include surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulators, such as edge-emitting or surface-emitting modulators. They often project undesired or stray light along directions along a different axis (e.g. vertically) and the diffuser will also spread the visibility of the stray light field components. Thus, the directionally-sensitive optical element will improve contrast in this scenario. 1. A light field generation system , including:a two dimensional emitter array for projecting light; anda directionally-sensitive optical element in front of the emitter array.2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , further including a directional diffuser after the directionally-sensitive optical element.3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light field generation system is a horizontal parallax only system.4. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the two dimensional emitter array comprises a two dimensional array of surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulators.5. A system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the SAW modulators are edge-emitting.6. A system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the SAW modulators are surface-emitting.7. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the directionally-sensitive optical element comprises an aperture grille.8. A system as claimed in claim 7 , wherein a pitch between apertures of the aperture grille matches a pitch between rows of emitters of the emitter array.9. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the directionally-sensitive optical element comprises microlouver material.10. A system as ...

OPTICAL FIBER ROTARY SQUEEZER POLARIZATION CONTROLLER

An optical fiber rotary squeezer polarization controller, comprising a base, a left bracket and a right bracket respectively mounted at both ends of the base, characterized in that a shaft is rotatably mounted between the left bracket and the right bracket, the shaft having a through channel cut therein lengthwise for placement of an optical fiber, the shaft further being mounted with a squeezing apparatus corresponding to the channel. The present invention has altered the means by which an optical fiber is fixed onto the prior-art polarization controllers and has eliminated the clamps at both ends of the optical fiber. The shaft carries the squeezing apparatus to rotate to any desired angles while the optical fiber remains stationary under the effect of its own tension. As the optical fiber extends outwardly from either end of the shaft, it is restrained by its own tension and, therefore, will not rotate along with the shaft. As a result, the twisting damage to the optical fiber caused by its being fixed at both ends and twisting of the optical fiber when it is spun after squeezed which would otherwise occur in the prior art can be thoroughly eliminated. In the absence of twisting damage, it is not necessary to make a large squeezer polarization controller and, therefore, the volume of the squeezer polarization controller can be reduced. 1. An optical fiber rotary squeezer polarization controller , comprising a base , a left bracket and a right bracket respectively mounted at both ends of the base , characterized in that a shaft is rotatably mounted between the left bracket and the right bracket , the shaft having a through channel cut therein lengthwise for placement of an optical fiber , the shaft further being mounted with a squeezing apparatus corresponding to the channel.2. The optical fiber rotary squeezer polarization controller as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the squeezing apparatus consists of an upper cover claim 1 , an optical fiber clamp and an ...

LIGHT SOURCE ASSEMBLY

A light source assembly having N outputs is disclosed. The assembly comprising: 2. The light source assembly of claim 1 , wherein for a plurality of the M inputs there is a respective mode scrambler of the P mode scramblers in the optical communication path between the light source arrangement and the respective M inputs claim 1 , preferably for at least two and/or for all of the M inputs there is a respective mode scrambler of the P mode scramblers in the optical communication path between the light source assembly and the respective M inputs.3. The light source assembly of or claim 1 , wherein the M inputs are input arms of a first coupler of the optical couplers and wherein M preferably is from 2 to 10 claim 1 , such as from 2 to 4.4. The light source assembly of claim 3 , wherein an output arm of the first coupler is in optical communication via an optical communication path with an input arm of a second line coupler of the optical couplers claim 3 , preferably said optical communication path is the optical communication path comprising said at least one mode scrambler.5. The light source assembly of claim 3 , wherein each of two or more output arms of the first coupler is in optical communication via an optical communication path with an input arm of a second line coupler of the optical couplers claim 3 , preferably each of said optical communication paths comprises a respective mode scrambler of the P mode scramblers.6. The light source assembly of or claim 3 , wherein an output arm of at least one of the second line couplers is in optical communication via an optical communication path with an input arm of a third line coupler of the optical couplers claim 3 , preferably said optical communication path is an optical communication path comprising a respective mode scrambler of the P mode scramblers.7. The light source assembly of claim 6 , wherein each of two or more output arms of the second line coupler(s) is in optical communication via an optical ...

POLARIZATION-MAINTAINING OPTICAL FIBRE AND PREFORM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

The invention relates to a method for producing a polarization-maintaining optical fibre, consisting of a core region and stress-generating elements embedded in the fibre body, having the following method steps: producing a core preform for the core region using internal deposition on a substrate tube, the internally coated substrate tube subsequently being collapsed, generating recesses on the core preform by virtue of the material on the outer surface of the core preform being removed parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core preform at diametrically opposed positions, filling the recesses with stress-generating rods, with the tightest possible rod packing, in a freely selectable first filling geometry, possibly filling the recesses in addition with non-stress-generating rods in a second filling geometry, sheathing the filled core preform with a jacketing tube, preparing the sheathed core preform for a fibre-drawing process, and drawing the sheathed arrangement to form in the optical fibre. A preform for producing a polarization-maintaining optical fibre contains a core preform, having a core region and a lateral region, and also contains a jacketing tube, which encloses the core preform, as well as stress-generating elements contained in the lateral region, wherein the stress-generating elements are provided in the form of recesses in the lateral region, wherein the recesses are filled with doped rods and/or undoped rods, and wherein the rod filling forms a first and/or a second arrangement geometry. 12. A method for producing a polarization-maintaining optical fiber , consisting of a core region and stress applying parts () embedded in the fiber body , comprising the following method steps:{'b': '6', 'producing recesses () in the form of circular sectors on the cross-sectional area of a core preform by removing the material on the outer surface in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the core preform at positions located diametrically opposite to one another ...

DOUBLE-LAYER HIGH-CONFINEMENT ACOUSTO-OPTIC WAVEGUIDE

An acousto-optic waveguide comprises a cladding region comprising a first material having a first refractive index and a first acoustic velocity, and a pair of optical waveguide layers embedded in and extending through the cladding region. The optical waveguide layers are separated from one another by a gap region comprising the first material. The optical waveguide layers each comprise a second material having a second refractive index that is higher than the first refractive index and a second acoustic velocity that is higher than the first acoustic velocity. The optical waveguide layers substantially confine acoustic waves that are generated during optical signal propagation through the acousto-optic waveguide. The acoustic waves are substantially confined to the area around the optical waveguide layers and the gap region along the direction of the optical signal propagation. 1. An acousto-optic waveguide , comprising:a cladding region comprising a first material having a first refractive index and a first acoustic velocity; anda pair of optical waveguide layers embedded in and extending through the cladding region, the optical waveguide layers separated from one another by a gap region comprising the first material, the optical waveguide layers each comprising a second material having a second refractive index that is higher than the first refractive index and a second acoustic velocity that is higher than the first acoustic velocity;wherein the optical waveguide layers substantially confine acoustic waves that are generated during an optical signal propagation through the acousto-optic waveguide, the acoustic waves substantially confined in a vertical direction, which is perpendicular to a direction of the optical signal propagation, to an area around the optical waveguide layers and the gap region along the direction of the optical signal propagation.2. The acousto-optic waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the first material comprises silicon dioxide claim 1 , ...

Optical waveguide having a wide brillouin bandwidth

An embodiment of a waveguide has a Brillouin bandwidth, and includes cladding and a core. The cladding includes first layers of a first material, each first layer having a physical characteristic of approximately a first value, and includes second layers of a second material, each second layer having the physical characteristic of approximately a second value, the second layers alternating with the first layers such that the Brillouin bandwidth is wider than the Brillouin bandwidth would be if the cladding excluded the first layers or excluded the second layers. For example, the first and second cladding layers can be formed from different materials, or can be formed having different values of a physical characteristic such as thickness, acoustic velocity, or index of refraction. Such a waveguide can facilitate alignment of the waveguide's optical bandwidth with the waveguide's Brillouin bandwidth because the Brillouin bandwidth is widened compared to conventional waveguides.

Edge construction on optical devices

A method of forming an optical device includes forming a waveguide mask on a device precursor. The device precursor includes a waveguide positioned on a base. The method also includes forming a facet mask on the device precursor such that at least a portion of the waveguide mask is between the facet mask and the base. The method also includes removing a portion of the base while the facet mask protects a facet of the waveguide. The portion of the base that is removed can be removed such that a recess is defined in the base and/or a shelf is defined on the device precursor. A light source such as an optical fiber or laser can be received in the recess and/or positioned over the shelf such that the light source is optically aligned with the facet of the waveguide.

Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber With Non-Symmetric Stress Applying Parts

Embodiments are directed to an optical fiber cable assembly. The optical fiber cable assembly is a polarization maintaining optical fiber assembly. The assembly includes an optical core located within a cladding. Also within the cladding is a stress rod. The stress rod can be centered within the cladding, with the optical fiber eccentrically located within the cladding. There can also be a second optical fiber eccentrically located within the cladding. The optical fiber can be centered within the cladding, with the stress rod eccentrically located within the cladding. 1. A device for transmitting information via light signals comprising:a cladding;an optical core centered within the cladding; anda single stress rod eccentrically located within the cladding; where the cladding contains only one stress rod.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the single stress rod is configured to maintain a polarization of light traversing through the optical core by applying stress to the optical core.3. The device of further comprising:a buffer surrounding the cladding; anda jacket surrounding the buffer.4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stress rod is a polarization maintaining and absorption reducing fiber.5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the stress rod has a bow-tie shape.6. The device of claim 1 , wherein the optical core comprises a silica glass.7. The device of claim 1 , wherein:the optical core has a refractive index that is lower than a refractive index of the cladding; and the refractive index of the cladding is lower than a refractive index of the stress rod.8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device is an optical fiber cable assembly.9. A device for transmitting information via light signals comprising:a cladding;a first optical core eccentrically located within the cladding; anda single stress rod centered within the cladding, where the cladding contains only one stress rod.10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the single stress rod is configured to maintain a ...

REDUCED COMPLEXITY POLARIZATION COMBINING METHOD FOR COHERENT DAS

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to improved systems, methods, and structures providing coherent detection of DAS. In sharp contrast to the prior art, systems, methods, and structures according to aspects of the present disclosure advantageously reduce the beating diversity terms such that required memory and bandwidth are reduced over the art. 1. A reduced complexity polarization combining method for a coherent distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) system includinga length of optical sensing fiber,an optical interrogator that generates optical pulses, introduces them into the optical fiber and receives Rayleigh reflected signals from the fiber, and a coherent receiver configured to extract information from the Rayleigh reflected signals,the method comprising:{'sub': i', 'q', 'i', 'q, 'operating the DAS system to obtain a set of in-phase and quadrature time-domain data; x(t), x(t), y(t), y(t);'}{'sub': i', 'q', 'i', 'q, 'digitizing the set of in-phase and quadrature time-domain data to generate a set of in-phase and quadrature data corresponding to the in-phase and quadrature time-domain data, x(t), x(t), y(t), y(t);'}{'sub': i', 'q', 'i', 'q, 'optionally pre-processing the digitized set of in-phase and quadrature data; to obtain a pre-processed set of in-phase and quadrature data x′(t), x′(t), y′(t), y′(t);'}x-y-combining the polarizations of optionally pre-processed digitized set of in-phase and quadrature data to produce an x-y-combined output S(n);performing a differential beating on the xy-combined output to generate a single polarization diversity (n); andpost-processing the generated single polarization diversity to generate an output indicative of acoustic impulse(s) interacting with the optical sensing fiber.2. The method of further comprising:the x-y-combining includes a two-step rotation having an x-y alignment step followed by a phase continuity step.3. The method of wherein the x-y alignment step rotates a polarization of a lower averaged ...

TUNABLE OPTICAL STRUCTURES

Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical structures and devices, and more particularly to improved, tunable optical structures including optical gratings that are dynamically affected and/or tuned by acousto-optic or electro-optic mechanisms. 1. A method of forming an optical structure comprising:providing an optical waveguide having a light guiding core;inducing dynamic index perturbations into the optical waveguide, said dynamic index perturbations sufficient to affect the emission of light traversing the optical waveguide, said emission in a direction out-of-plane relative to the waveguide.2. The method of wherein said dynamic index perturbations are induced through the effect of an acoustic transducer.3. The method of wherein the dynamic index perturbations are induced through an electro-optic effect.4. The method of wherein the acoustic transducer is driven at a frequency of at least 1 GHz.5. The method of wherein said dynamic index perturbations are induced through the effect of one or more thermo-optic phase shifter(s).6. The method of wherein the dynamic index perturbations are induced through the effect of a plurality of acoustic transducers.7. The method of wherein the plurality of acoustic transducers are configured such that acoustic waves generated therefrom travel along a common axis.8. The method of wherein the plurality of acoustic transducers are configured such that acoustic waves generated therefrom travel along at least one non-common axis.9. The method of further comprising varying the induced dynamic index perturbations over time.10. The method of wherein the core of the optical waveguide exhibits a thickness of less than 1λ claim 1 , where λ is the wavelength of the light traversing the optical waveguide.11. The method of wherein the acoustic transducer is in physical contact with the core of the optical waveguide.12. The method of wherein at least a portion of the out-of-plane emission of the light is in a perpendicular direction ...

ETCHLESS ACOUSTIC WAVEGUIDING IN INTEGRATED ACOUSTO-OPTIC WAVEGUIDES

An acousto-optic waveguide device comprises a substrate comprising a first material having a first refractive index and a first acoustic velocity; a cladding layer over the substrate, the cladding layer comprising a second material having a second refractive index that is distinct from the first refractive index, the second material having a second acoustic velocity that is distinct from the first acoustic velocity; and an optical core surrounded by the cladding layer, the optical core comprising a third material having a third refractive index that is higher that the first refractive index and the second refractive index, the third material having a third acoustic velocity that is distinct from the first acoustic velocity and the second acoustic velocity. The cladding layer that surrounds the optical core has a thickness configured to substantially confine acoustic waves to the cladding layer when an optical signal propagates through the optical core. 1. A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide device , the method comprising:providing a wafer substrate having an upper surface, the wafer substrate comprising a first material having a first refractive index and a first acoustic velocity;depositing an initial amount of a second material over the upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer, the second material having a second refractive index that is distinct from the first refractive index, the second material having a second acoustic velocity that is distinct from the first acoustic velocity;depositing a third material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer, the third material having a third refractive index that is greater than the first refractive index and the second refractive index, the third material having a third acoustic velocity that is distinct from the first acoustic velocity and the second acoustic velocity;removing portions of the third material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BRILLOUIN SCATTERING INDUCED TRANSPARENCY

A system and method includes a laser to create a control laser signal and a laser to create a probe laser signal. A resonator creates an acoustic signal adjacent the control laser signal and the probe laser signal. A resulting coherent interaction between the control laser signal and the probe laser signal creates a Brillouin scattering induced transparency in one direction and maintains opacity in an opposite direction. 1. A system comprising , comprising:a laser to create a control laser signal;a laser to create a probe laser signal; anda resonator in which an acoustic wave at a frequency-difference and momentum difference between the control laser signal and the probe laser signal exists, where a resulting coherent interaction between the control laser signal and the probe laser signal creates an induced transparency in one direction and maintains opacity in an opposite direction.2. The system of claim 1 , where the resonator comprises a silica micro-resonator including a naturally occurring claim 1 , forward-stimulated Brillouin scattering phase-matching modal configuration.3. The system of claim 2 , where the induced transparency is non-reciprocal.4. The system of claim 1 , where the induced transparency includes compact and ultralow power slow and fast light generation.5. The system of claim 1 , where the induced transparency comprises at least one of optical switching claim 1 , optical isolator claim 1 , optical circulators claim 1 , and gyroscopes.6. The system of claim 1 , where the induced transparency does not employ an external magnetic field.7. The system of claim 1 , where the induced transparency is tuned using the control laser.8. The system of claim 1 , where the induced transparency comprises Brillouin scattering.9. The system of claim 1 , where a geometric shape of the resonator comprises at least one of a spheroid claim 1 , a disk claim 1 , a ring claim 1 , a toroid claim 1 , a shell and a balloon.10. The system of claim 1 , where the induced ...

Microphone chip, microphone, and terminal device

The disclosure provides a microphone chip, a microphone, and a terminal device. The microphone chip includes a substrate and a diaphragm that are disposed oppositely, a reflector located on a side that is of the diaphragm and that is close to the substrate, a grating group located between the substrate and the diaphragm, and an optical emitter and an optical detector that are located between the substrate and the grating group. The grating group includes a plurality of gratings, and distances between at least two gratings in the plurality of gratings and the reflector are different.

Communication apparatus

A communication apparatus includes an optical fiber along which radiation can be transmitted; an optical fiber grating formed within the optical fiber, the optical fiber grating having a structure, and configured to reflect radiation at a particular wavelength; and an instrument coupled to the grating and configured to controllably modify the structure of the grating, thereby changing the wavelength at which the grating reflects radiation. A communication system including the communication apparatus is also described, along with a method of communicating a signal.

Fiber-based multi-resonator optical filters

Optical filters comprising one or more optically-coupled Fabry-Perot resonators are disclosed. In some embodiments, the one or more optically coupled Fabry-Perot resonators include a graded index fiber. In some embodiments, the one or more optically coupled Fabry-Perot resonators are coupled end-to-end, whereas in other embodiments the one or more optically coupled Fabry-Perot resonators are side-coupled through evanescence. One or more implementations of an optical filter allow a spectral response of an input light beam to be controlled, through various approaches, e.g., by exposing a component fiber to ultra-violet radiation. 1. An optical device , comprising:a first fiber Fabry-Perot resonator comprising a first fiber segment, a first reflector formed on a first end facet of the first fiber segment and a second reflector formed on a second end facet of the first fiber segment; anda second fiber Fabry-Perot resonator optically coupled to the first fiber Fabry-Perot resonator, the second fiber Fabry-Perot resonator comprising a second fiber segment oriented to be parallel to the first fiber segment and located to have a portion that spatially overlaps with part of the first fiber segment and is optically evanescently coupled via sides of the first and second fiber segments to the first fiber segment, a third reflector formed on a first end facet of the second fiber segment and a fourth reflector formed on a second end facet of the second fiber segment, wherein a position of the second fiber segment can be shifted relative to the first fiber segment to adjust an interaction length for evanescent coupling between the first and second fiber segments.2. The device as in claim 1 , wherein the first fiber segment is a single-mode fiber segment.3. The device as in claim 1 , wherein the first fiber segment is a multi-mode fiber segment.4. The device as in claim 1 , wherein the first fiber segment is a single-mode gradient index fiber segment.5. The device as in claim 1 , ...

Optical fiber fixing structure

An optical fiber fixing structure includes: a cylindrical member; an optical fiber inserted into a hole of the cylindrical member; and a fixing material configured to fix the cylindrical member and the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is a polarization maintaining optical fiber having a polarization axis, and a center of the optical fiber is arranged so as to be eccentric to a center of the hole, and an angle formed by an eccentric direction connecting the center of the hole and the center of the optical fiber and the polarization axis is −22.5° to 22.5°, or 67.5° to 112.5°.

Coupling sensor information to an optical cable using ultrasonic vibrations

An apparatus includes an electronic circuit, an electro-acoustic transducer and a coupler. The electronic circuit is configured to receive data to be transmitted over an optical cable, and to convert the data into a modulating signal. The electro-acoustic transducer is configured to convert the modulating signal into an acoustic wave. The coupler is configured to be mechanically coupled to a section of the optical cable, and to apply to the section a longitudinal stretching force that varies responsively to the acoustic wave, so as to modulate the data onto an optical carrier traversing the optical cable.

OPTICAL MODE FILTER EMPLOYING RADIALLY ASYMMETRIC FIBER

Fiber amplifier and/or mode filter including a linearly birefringent LMA fiber coiled at a radius of curvature over a bend length to differentiate a fundamental optical mode from supported higher-order modes through bending losses. The LMA fiber may be a polarization-maintaining (PM) fiber having a variety of geometrical core shapes and cladding configurations. In some embodiments, the birefringent LMA fiber includes a radially asymmetric core that is angularly rotated over a length of the coiled fiber to ensure bending losses are experienced in orthogonally oriented higher-order modes associated with some orientation relative to the core orientation. In some embodiments, the fiber coiling is two-dimensional with bending occurring only about one axis. In some embodiments, an asymmetric core is pre-spun to a predetermined axial spin profile. In some embodiments, angular rotation of the core is achieved through mechanically twisting an un-spun fiber over a length of the coil. 1. A fiber amplifier , comprising:a light source to produce an optical beam; and the LMA fiber has a radially asymmetric core; and', 'the asymmetric core has an angular rotation about a fiber axis over a bend length having a radius of curvature about an axis of curvature, non-parallel to the fiber axis, to attenuate the higher-order modes more than the fundamental mode through bend losses., 'a linearly birefringent large mode area (LMA) fiber coupled to the light source to support a fundamental mode and higher-order modes of the optical beam, wherein2. The fiber amplifier of claim 1 , wherein:the axis of curvature is orthogonal to the fiber axis over the bend length; andthe angular rotation over the bend length has a predetermined spin profile providing a suppression of at least 10 dB/meter of bend length for all higher-order modes.3. The fiber amplifier of claim 2 , wherein the LMA fiber is coiled about the axis of curvature with a fixed radius of curvature over the bend length and a rate of the ...

ULTRASONIC/ACOUSTIC CONTROL OF LIGHT WAVES FOR LEFT-RIGHT OPTICAL REFLECTION ASYMMETRY

Methods and systems of altering optical reflection via dynamic control of an ultrasonic/acoustic guided wave field in an acousto-optical wave conductor are described. Ultrasonic/acoustic waves transmitted by an acousto-optical wave conductor are used to modify the ability of the acousto-optical wave conductor to propagate light waves via the acousto-optical wave conductor when a light beam impinges onto one surface of the acousto-optical wave conductor. A one-way optical device may be produced by using a dynamic tuning approach to modify the sound field via mode and frequency choice (and possibly beam focusing and steering as well) in order to produce special light reflection and transmission effects. Oscillations in stress (and mass density) along the acousto-optical wave conductor and possibly across the thickness of the acousto-optical wave conductor may serve as a special acousto-optic Bragg diffraction grating that alters the nonspecular reflection of light. 1. A system for creating a diffraction grating , comprising:an acousto-optical wave conductor;an electromagnetic wave source arranged to provide to the acousto-optical wave conductor an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of between 0.8 and 300 THz; andan ultrasonic/acoustic wave generator arranged to provide to the acousto-optical wave conductor an ultrasonic guided wave having a frequency of between 20 and 5000 MHz.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasonic/acoustic wave generator is arranged to cause the ultrasonic guided wave to have a propagation-direction that is transverse to a propagation-direction of the electromagnetic wave.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave is permitted to propagate through the acousto-optical wave conductor in a first direction claim 1 , but not in a second direction.40. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electromagnetic wave has a frequency of between .8 and 6 THz claim 1 , and the ultrasonic guided wave has a frequency of between 20 and 100 ...

Acousto-Optic Beam Steering System

Systems and methods for steering an optical beam in two dimensions are disclosed. The system includes a substrate comprising an acousto-optic antenna array and an acoustic transducer. Each antenna of the antenna array includes a high-confinement surface waveguide carrying a light signal. The acoustic transducer imparts acoustic energy into each surface waveguide as a mechanical wave. Interaction of the light signal and mechanical wave in each surface waveguide induces light to scatter into free space. The light scattered out of the plurality of waveguides collectively defines the output beam. The longitudinal angle of output beam, relative to the substrate, is determined by the relative frequencies of the mechanical waves and the light signals. The transverse angle of the output beam is controlled by controlling the relative phases of the mechanical waves and/or light signals across the surface-waveguide array. 1. An optical-beam steering system comprising:a substrate;at least one surface waveguide disposed on the substrate, each of the at least one surface waveguide conveying at least a portion of a light signal, and each of the at least one surface waveguide being a high-confinement waveguide;an acoustic transducer that is configured to induce at least one mechanical wave in the at least one surface waveguide; anda phase controller comprising a plurality of phase shifters that includes a first phase shifter configured to control at least one of (1) the phase of a first mechanical wave of the at least one mechanical wave and (2) the phase of a first light portion of the light signal in a first surface waveguide of the at least one surface waveguide.2. The optical-beam steering system of :wherein the at least one surface waveguide includes a plurality of surface waveguides disposed on the substrate, each surface waveguide of the plurality thereof conveying a different light portion of the light signal;wherein the at least one mechanical wave includes a plurality of ...

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR STABILIZING PULSE LASER OUTPUT

A pulse laser output stabilizing apparatus including a directional coupler to receive output of pulse laser, the output branching into a first optical path and a second optical path, a photodetector to receive light branching into the first optical path and output current according to intensity of the light, a current-voltage converter to convert output current of the photodetector into a voltage and output converted voltage, a function generator to provide an output proportional to output signal of the current-voltage converter with a predetermined frequency, a time delay unit on the second optical path providing a predetermined time delay for feedback control, and an acousto-optic tunable modulator to receive output signal of the functional generator and optical signal from the time delay unit as an input and modulate and output the optical signal from the time delay unit according to amplitude of the output signal of the function generator. 1. A pulse laser output stabilizing apparatus comprising:a directional coupler configured to receive an output of pulse laser such that the output branches into a first optical path and a second optical path;a photodetector configured to receive light branching into the first optical path and output current according to the intensity of the light;a current-voltage converter configured to convert output current of the photodetector into a voltage and output the converted voltage;a function generator configured to provide an output proportional to an output signal of the current-voltage converter with a predetermined frequency;a time delay unit disposed on the second optical path to provide a predetermined time delay for feedback control; andan acousto-optic tunable modulator configured to receive an output signal of the functional generator and an optical signal provided from the time delay unit as an input and modulate and output the optical signal provided from the time delay unit according to the amplitude of the output ...

Transparent Flat-Panel Holographic Display

A flat-panel holographic video display includes a control layer and waveguide elements. Each waveguide element has a light-guiding substrate and an array of transducers configured to produce a diffraction grating comprising surface acoustic waves. The grating causes the waveguide to outcouple light, focusing it to, or producing wavefront curvatures consistent with it having emanated from, one or more points, in order to form a holographic image. The transducer array may include a large number of densely packed, vertically-adjacent transducers for each hogel for full parallax or may include a small number of vertically-adjacent transducers and a cylindrical optical element for each hogel. A spatial filter may be used to block noise. The display may be edge-illuminated by a collinear multicolor source. The substrate exit face may have nanopatterned areas alternated with flat areas in order to create regions of optimal internal reflection next to regions of low reflection. 1. A flat-panel holographic video display , comprising:a control layer, the control layer comprising electrical inputs and configured for controlling drive electronics and light sources; and a light-guiding substrate physically coupled to the control layer and having optical inputs; and', 'an array of surface acoustic wave transducers arranged along an outer surface of the light-guiding substrate, the array being electrically connected to the control layer and configured to produce a diffraction grating comprising surface acoustic waves, wherein the surface acoustic wave diffraction grating causes the waveguide element to outcouple light bouncing within the substrate and focuses the outcoupled light to one or more points, or produces wavefront curvatures in the light consistent with its having emanated from one or more point sources, in order to form a holographic image., 'at least one waveguide element coupled to the control layer, each waveguide element comprising2. The holographic video display of ...

SAW Modulators and Light Steering Methods

An electro-holographic light field generator device is disclosed. The light field generator device has an optical substrate with a waveguide face and an exit face. One or more surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulator devices are included within each light field generator device. The SAW devices each include a light input, a waveguide, and a SAW transducer, all configured for guided mode confinement of input light within the waveguide. A leaky mode deflection of a portion of the waveguided light, or diffractive light, impinges upon the exit face. Multiple output optics at the exit face are configured for developing from each of the output optics a radiated exit light from the diffracted light for at least one of the waveguides. An RF controller is configured to control the SAW devices to develop the radiated exit light as a three-dimensional output light field with horizontal parallax and compatible with observer vertical motion. 1. A surface acoustic wave optical modulator , comprising:a substrate;a transducer for generating a surface acoustic wave in the substrate;a waveguide in the substrate for guiding radiation through the substrate until the radiation is diffracted from the waveguide by the surface acoustic wave, the radiation exiting the substrate at an exit face; andan optic on the exit face.2. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is transmissive.3. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is a diffractive optic.4. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is grating.5. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is a refractive optic.6. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is a concave lens.7. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is a convex lens.8. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is formed on an end face of the substrate.9. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the optic is formed on a distal face of the substrate.10. A modulator as claimed ...

DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVE FIBER OPTIC CABLE WELLBORE SYSTEM

A fiber optic cable assembly includes an elongate housing, a signal fiber placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, and a plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally. The plurality of sensing fibers is placed around the signal fiber. Each of the plurality of sensing fibers carries a respective laser signal of a distinct frequency. The signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers. 1. A fiber optic cable assembly , comprising:an elongate housing;a signal fiber placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally;a strap to secure the fiber optic cable assembly outside a tubing in a wellbore formed in a formation; anda plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, wherein the plurality of sensing fibers are placed around the signal fiber, each of the plurality of sensing fibers carries a respective laser signal of a distinct frequency, and the signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers.2. The fiber optic cable assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sensing fibers placed around the signal fiber includes the plurality of sensing fibers arranged in a circle with the signal fiber placed in the middle of the housing.3. The fiber optical cable assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a high density fluid to keep the signal fiber and the plurality of sensing fibers in the housing immobilized.4. The fiber optic cable assembly of claim 1 , further comprising:a plurality of mirrors dividing a space inside the housing into a plurality of isolated sections, each isolated section extending longitudinally, each isolated section including one of the plurality of sensing fibers.5. The fiber optic cable assembly of claim 1 , wherein the housing has a circular cross-section.6. The fiber optic cable assembly of claim 1 , ...

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR PRODUCING AND/OR PROVIDING RECIRCULATING OPTICAL DELAY(S)

Exemplary apparatus and method can be availed for providing at least one electromagnetic radiation. For example, it is possible to provide at least one first electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a first characteristic period. Further, with at least one hardware arrangement, it is possible to receive and modify the first electromagnetic radiation(s) into at least one second electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a second characteristic period. The second characteristic period can be smaller than the first characteristic period. The hardware arrangement(s) can include a resonant cavity having a round-trip propagation time for the first electromagnetic radiation(s) that can be approximately the same as the first characteristic period. 1. An apparatus for providing at least one electromagnetic radiation , comprising:at least one source first hardware arrangement which is configured to provide at least one first electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a first characteristic period; andat least one optical system second hardware arrangement which is configured to receive and modify the at least one first electromagnetic radiation into at least one second electromagnetic radiation having a frequency that changes over time with a second characteristic period,wherein the second characteristic period is smaller than the first characteristic period, andwherein the at least one second arrangement includes a resonant cavity having a round-trip propagation time for the at least one first electromagnetic radiation that is approximately the same as the first characteristic period.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one second arrangement includes a coupling device which is configured to admit the at least one first electromagnetic radiation claim 1 , and emit the at least one second electromagnetic radiation.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein ...

Display System

A display system comprises an optical waveguide, an actuator and a light engine. The light engine generates multiple input beams which form a virtual image. An incoupling grating of the optical waveguide couples each beam into an intermediate grating of the waveguide, in which that beam is guided onto multiple splitting regions. The intermediate grating splits that beam at the splitting regions to provide multiple substantially parallel versions of that beam. Those multiple versions are coupled into an exit grating of the waveguide, in which the multiple versions are guided onto multiple exit regions. The exit grating diffracts the multiple versions of that beam outwardly. The multiple input beams thus cause multiple exit beams to exit the waveguide which form a version of the virtual image. The actuator is coupled to the waveguide and is arranged to generate acoustic waves, which are incident on, and propagate through, the optical waveguide. 1. A display system comprising:an optical waveguide having an incoupling grating, an intermediate grating and an exit grating;an actuator coupled to the optical waveguide arranged to generate acoustic waves, wherein the generated acoustic waves are incident on, and propagate through, the optical waveguide; anda light engine configured to generate multiple input beams, each beam being substantially collimated and directed to the incoupling grating in a unique inward direction, whereby the multiple input beams form a virtual image;wherein the intermediate and exit grating have widths substantially larger than the beams' diameters;wherein the intermediate grating has a height that increases from an inner edge of the optical waveguide to an outer edge of the optical waveguide in a lateral direction along its width;wherein the incoupling grating is arranged to couple each beam into the intermediate grating, in which that beam is guided onto multiple splitting regions of the intermediate grating in a direction along the width of the ...

Optical device

The invention relates to an optical device ( 100 ) comprising: a waveguide ( 200 ) comprising a core ( 210 ) extending along an axis of symmetry XX′, and encapsulated in a cladding layer ( 220 ), an actuator ( 400 ) with width L a , overlapping the core ( 210 ) and extending along an axis of symmetry YY′ parallel to the axis of symmetry XX′, said actuator ( 400 ) is designed so that when a voltage is applied to it, it imposes a mechanical stress at the core ( 210 ) to modify its refraction index the device being characterised in that the second axis of symmetry YY′ is offset by a lateral offset D from a plane of symmetry of the waveguide ( 200 ) including the first axis of symmetry and perpendicular to the cladding layer ( 220 ), the lateral offset is between 15% and 50% of the width L a .

PREPARATION CELL SYSTEMS AND METHODS

Preparation cell systems and methods are described herein. One example of a system for a preparation cell includes a laser coupled to a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers, a preparation cell to prepare a state of laser light received by the fiber bundle, and an exiting fiber bundle coupled to the preparation cell. 1. A preparation cell system , comprising:a laser coupled to a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers;a preparation cell comprising a plurality of electro-optical modulators (EOMs), wherein each respective EOM is coupled to a different one of the plurality of fibers separated by the fiber bundle; anda vacuum port fiber bundle coupled to an alignment cell to receive the plurality of fibers.2. The system of claim 1 , comprising a plurality of acousto-optical modulators (AOMs) claim 1 , wherein each respective AOM is coupled to a different one of the plurality of EOMs.3. The system of claim 2 , comprising a plurality of Pockels cells claim 2 , wherein each respective Pockels cell is coupled to a different one of the plurality of AOMs.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein light received by each of the plurality of fibers from the laser is individually shuttered and prepared prior to entering the vacuum port fiber bundle.5. The system of claim 1 , comprising an RF switch coupled to the plurality of AOMs to control light leakage from an AOM shutter.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the laser performs an operation other than laser cooling.7. A preparation cell system claim 4 , comprising:a laser coupled to a plurality of electro-optical modulators (EOMs);a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers coupled to the plurality of EOMs;a preparation cell comprising the plurality of EOMs, wherein each respective EOM is coupled to a different one of the plurality of fibers separated by the fiber bundle;a vacuum port fiber bundle coupled to an alignment cell to receive the plurality of fibers.8. The system of claim 7 , comprising a plurality of acousto ...

ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICE HAVING WIDE DIFFRACTION ANGLE, OPTICAL SCANNER, LIGHT MODULATOR, AND DISPLAY APPARATUS USING THE ACOUSTO-OPTIC DEVICE

An acousto-optic device having a wide range of diffraction angle and an optical scanner, a light modulator, and a display apparatus using the acousto-optic device are provided. The acousto-optic device includes a core layer having a periodic photonic crystal structure in which unit cells of predetermined patterns are repeated, a first clad layer on a first surface of the core layer, the first clad layer having a refractive index that is different from a refractive index of the core layer, a second clad layer on a second surface of the core layer, the second surface being opposite the first surface, the second clad layer having a refractive index that is different from the refractive index of the core layer, and a sound wave generator configured to apply surface acoustic waves (SAW) to the core layer, the first clad layer, the second clad layer, or any combination thereof. 1. An acousto-optic device , comprising:a core layer having a periodic photonic crystal structure in which unit cells of predetermined patterns are repeated;a first clad layer on a first surface of the core layer, the first clad layer having a refractive index that is different from a refractive index of the core layer; anda sound wave generator configured to apply surface acoustic waves (SAW) to at least one of the core layer and the first clad layer,wherein the core layer and the first clad layer to which the SAW are applied includes an acousto-optic material.2. The acousto-optic device of further comprising a second clad layer on a second surface of the core layer claim 1 , the second surface being opposite the first surface claim 1 , the second clad layer having a refractive index that is different from the refractive index of the core layer claim 1 ,wherein a sound wave generator configured to apply surface acoustic waves (SAW) to at least one of the core layer, the first clad layer, and the second clad layer.3. The acousto-optic device of claim 2 , wherein the second clad layer includes an ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BREAKING TIME-REVERSAL SYMMETRY WITH ACOUSTIC PUMPING OF NANOPHOTONIC CIRCUITS

Systems and methods provide a nonreciprocal nanophotonic modulator. In some examples, the modulator utilizes acoustic pumping, instead of optical pumping with lasers, and is capable of achieving GHz bandwidth. 1. A system , comprising:a resonator;a waveguide coupled with the resonator for guiding a light to the resonator; anda radio frequency drive coupled to the resonator, the radio frequency drive configured to form an acoustic pump of the resonator for breaking time-reversal symmetry for light propagation.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an interdigitated transducer connected with the radio frequency drive claim 1 , where the radio frequency drive powers the interdigitated transducer to form the acoustic pump.3. The system of claim 2 , where the interdigitated transducer and the resonator form a phonon-phonon interaction region on the resonator.4. The system of claim 2 , where the interdigitated transducer is provided at an oblique angle in relation to the resonator.5. The system of claim 1 , further comprising grating couplers allowing light to be coupled into the waveguide.6. The system of claim 1 , where the acoustic pump simultaneously breaks orthogonality between optical modes of the resonator while also satisfying a phase matching condition.7. The system of claim 6 , where the acoustic pump comprises a two dimensional acoustic wave.8. The system of claim 1 , where the resonator includes a waveguide including a ridge.9. The system of claim 1 , where the where the resonator further includes a reflector to reflect phonons travelling from the in the acoustic pump back to the resonator.10. The system of claim 1 , where the resonator includes a racetrack shape having two straight sections connected with two curved sections.11. A method claim 1 , comprising:guiding a light to a resonator; anddriving a radio frequency signal to the resonator to form an acoustic pump of the resonator to break time-reversal symmetry for light propagation.12. The method ...

SECURITY SWITCH

The present disclosure relates to optical switching devices and switch modules that are designed for long-term security monitoring of high-value infrastructure access entry points. Embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure include optical switches based on fiber-Bragg gratings whose operating wavelengths are based on the presence or absence of magnetic coupling between an embedded permanent magnet and an external element. By monitoring the spectral position of the operating wavelengths and/or the magnitude of a light signal at the operating wavelengths, the state of the magnetic coupling can be determined and used as an indicator of whether the security switch has been actuated. 1. A switch module comprising:a first fiber-Bragg grating (FBG) portion that includes a first FBG characterized by a first operating wavelength, wherein the first FBG portion has a first length, and wherein the first operating wavelength is based on the first length; anda first magnet that is mechanically coupled with the first FBG portion such that a first motion of the first magnet induces a first change in the first operating wavelength.2. The switch module of further comprising:a housing that contains the first FBG portion and the first magnet; anda ferromagnetic element that is external to the housing;wherein the ferromagnetic element and the first magnet are configured such that (1) the magnetic coupling between them is based on a first separation between the housing and the ferromagnetic element and (2) a change in the first separation induces the first motion.3. The switch module of further comprising:a second FBG portion that includes a second FBG characterized by a second operating wavelength, wherein the second FBG portion has a second length, and wherein the second operating wavelength is based on the second length;a pivot assembly that includes a first attachment point and a second attachment point, wherein the pivot assembly is mechanically coupled with the first ...

Distributed acoustic sensing using dynamic range suppression

Aspects of the present disclosure describe improved distributed acoustic sensing using dynamic range suppression of optical time domain reflectometry either by using a feedback loop comprising optical and electrical elements or using a nonlinear element in the electrical domain after coherent detection. When using a feedback loop, the amplitude of the periodic waveform of coherent OTDR can be inverted. This allows optical pre-compensation of the received optical signal before coherent detection with the goal of minimizing amplitude dynamic range. Alternatively, a nonlinear element in the electrical domain can reduce amplitude dynamic range before sampling by analog-to-digital converters (ADC).

BRILLOUIN GAIN SPECTRAL POSITION CONTROL OF CLADDINGS FOR TUNING ACOUSTO-OPTIC WAVEGUIDES

A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide that includes a waveguide cladding surrounding an optical core is disclosed. The method comprises providing a wafer substrate; depositing an initial amount of a first material over an upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer; depositing a second material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer; removing portions of the second material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial cladding layer and form an optical core comprising the remaining second material; and depositing an additional amount of the first material over the optical core and the exposed portions of the partial cladding layer to form a full cladding layer that surrounds the optical core. A relative concentration of components of the first material is adjusted to provide Brillouin gain spectral position control of the waveguide cladding to tune the acousto-optic waveguide. 1. A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide that includes a waveguide cladding surrounding an optical core , the method comprising:providing a wafer substrate having an upper surface;depositing an initial amount of a first material over the upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer;depositing a second material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer;removing portions of the second material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial cladding layer and form an optical core structure comprising the remaining second material; anddepositing an additional amount of the first material over the optical core structure and the exposed portions of the partial cladding layer to form a full cladding layer that surrounds the optical core structure;wherein a relative concentration of components of the first material is adjusted to provide Brillouin gain spectral position control of the waveguide cladding to tune the acousto-optic waveguide.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

SINGLE MODE PROPAGATION IN FIBERS AND RODS WITH LARGE LEAKAGE CHANNELS

Various embodiments include large cores fibers that can propagate few modes or a single mode while introducing loss to higher order modes. Some of these fibers are holey fibers that comprise cladding features such as air-holes. Additional embodiments described herein include holey rods. The rods and fibers may be used in many optical systems including optical amplification systems, lasers, short pulse generators, Q-switched lasers, etc. and may be used for example for micromachining. 1. An optical fiber for propagating at least one lower order mode having a wavelength λ , while limiting propagation of higher order modes having a wavelength λ by providing said higher order modes with a higher loss than said at least one lower order mode at said wavelength λ , said optical fiber comprising:a first cladding region comprising a plurality of holes having a diameter, d, and a center-to-center spacing, Λ, wherein the ratio d/Λ is larger than 0.4 and less than about 0.9; anda core region surrounded by said first cladding region, said plurality of holes of the first cladding region configured to substantially confine propagation of said at least one lower order mode to said core region,wherein said core region has a width of at least 20 micrometers and the outside diameter of said optical fiber is at least 200 micrometers,wherein said optical fiber comprises stress elements that are incorporated into at least some of the plurality of holes of the first cladding region, and which generate two-dimensional asymmetries and provide birefringence so that a polarization-maintaining effect for the optical fiber is obtained.2. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein said core and first cladding regions are in a substantially optically transmissive main body of said optical fiber claim 1 , said main body comprising material substantially optically transmissive at said wavelength λ claim 1 , said main body having a width and thickness at least about 250 μm so as to reduce mode coupling ...

LIGHT FIELD GENERATOR DEVICES WITH SERIES OUTPUT COUPLERS

Electro-holographic light field generator devices comprising surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators are disclosed that employ multiple output couplers. These output couplers might be distributed along waveguides of the SAW modulators, within output coupling regions. Each of these output couplers can be configured for directing an incident leaky mode light at different output angles. In some cases, it may be desirable to employ the output couplers to function as different sub-pixels, to provide light to different viewing directions. The output couplers may be mirrors, volume gratings, chirped gratings, reflection gratings, two dimensional gratings, and/or transmission gratings. The output couplers may be angled so that the coupling output fans for each optical modulator are offset from the waveguide for that optical modulator. 1. A light field generator device , comprising:a device substrate;an array of waveguides formed in the substrate;one or more surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducers for generating a SAW in the substrate;a set of output couplers for each of the waveguides.2. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising multiple sets of output couplers for each of the waveguides.3. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the set of output couplers comprises at least three output couplers at different angles with respect to the waveguide.4. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each of the waveguides has a separate SAW transducer.5. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SAW transducers are shared among adjacent waveguides.6. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the output couplers comprise volume gratings formed in the substrate.7. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a SAW substrate bonded to a transparent substrate and the output couplers are gratings formed in ...

LIGHT FIELD GENERATOR DEVICES WITH OPPOSED SAW MODULATORS

An electro-holographic light field generator device comprises surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators arranged in different directions. Specifically, some embodiments have SAW modulators arranged in pairs, nose-to-nose with each other, and have output couplers that provide face-fire light emission. These SAW modulators also possibly include SAW sense transducers and/or viscoelastic surface material to reduce crosstalk. 1. A light field generator device , comprising:a substrate;an array of waveguides extending across the substrate; andan array of surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulators formed in the substrate, the SAW modulators including SAW transducers for generating SAWs in the substrate to diffract light from the waveguides;wherein the SAW modulators are directed in different directions.2. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SAW modulators that are directed in different directions share a common waveguide.3. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SAW modulators that are directed in different directions use adjacent waveguides.4. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising output couplers for redirecting the light diffracted from the waveguides.5. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the output couplers comprise mirror structures formed on the optical substrate.6. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the output couplers comprise surface gratings on a distal side of the substrate.7. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the output couplers comprise volume gratings fabricated within the substrate.8. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the output couplers each comprise a plurality of chirped grating structures claim 4 , which are mapped to different wedges of output angles in an output light field.9. The light field generator device as claimed in claim 1 , ...

SAW Optical Modulators with Sense Transducers

An electro-holographic light field generator device comprises surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators arranged in different directions. Specifically, some embodiments have SAW modulators arranged in pairs, nose-to-nose with each other, and have output couplers that provide face-fire light emission. These SAW modulators also possibly include SAW sense transducers and/or viscoelastic surface material to reduce crosstalk. 1. A surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulator , comprising:a substrate;a waveguide in the substrate; andtransducers for generating SAWs for diffracting light out of the waveguide and sensing SAWs in the substrate.2. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising separate SAW transducers and sense transducers.3. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a switch for operating the transducers in a SAW generation or SAW sensing mode.4. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a feedback circuit for driving the transducers to dampen SAWs in the substrate.5. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a feedforward circuit for driving the transducers to dampen SAWs in the substrate.6. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SAW modulators are directed in different directions.7. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transducers are upstream and downstream of an output coupling region of the waveguide.8. A modulator as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the transducers comprise SAW generation transducers claim 1 , SAW sensing transducers and SAW dampening transducers.9. A light field generator device claim 1 , comprising:a substrate;an array of waveguides in the substrate; andan array of surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulators formed in the substrate, the SAW modulators including transducers for generating SAWs for diffracting light out of the waveguides and sensing SAWs in the substrate.10. A method for controlling a SAW optical modulator claim 1 , comprising:driving transducers for ...

Preparation cell systems and methods

Preparation cell systems and methods are described herein. One example of a system for a preparation cell includes a laser coupled to a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers, a preparation cell to prepare a state of laser light received by the fiber bundle, and an exiting fiber bundle coupled to the preparation cell.

DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVE FIBER OPTIC CABLE WELLBORE SYSTEM

A fiber optic cable assembly includes an elongate housing, a signal fiber placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, and a plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally. The plurality of sensing fibers is placed around the signal fiber. Each of the plurality of sensing fibers carries a respective laser signal of a distinct frequency. The signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers. 1. A method , comprising: an elongate housing; and', 'a signal fiber and the plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, wherein the plurality of sensing fibers are placed around the signal fiber, the signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers, and the fiber optic cable assembly is strapped outside a tubing in a wellbore formed in a formation;', 'receiving, from the signal fiber of the fiber optic cable assembly, the one or more evanescent coupling signals; and', 'based on the one or more evanescent coupling signals, determining flow velocities of first flowing media flowing through the tubing and second flowing media flowing through an annulus between the formation and the tubing., 'transmitting laser signals to a plurality of sensing fibers in a fiber optic cable assembly, wherein each sensing fiber carries one laser signal, each laser signal has a distinct frequency, and the fiber optic cable assembly comprises2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wellbore is a horizontal wellbore claim 1 , and the method further comprising using a fiber optic gyro to determine an orientation of the fiber optic cable assembly in the wellbore.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the flow velocities includes determining pressure levels of the first flowing media and the second flowing media based on amplitudes of the one or more evanescent ...

DIRECTIONAL SENSITIVE FIBER OPTIC CABLE WELLBORE SYSTEM

A fiber optic cable assembly includes an elongate housing, a signal fiber placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, and a plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally. The plurality of sensing fibers is placed around the signal fiber. Each of the plurality of sensing fibers carries a respective laser signal of a distinct frequency. The signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers. 1. A method , comprising: an elongate housing; and', 'a signal fiber and the plurality of sensing fibers placed inside the housing and extending longitudinally, wherein the plurality of sensing fibers are placed around the signal fiber, the signal fiber carries one or more evanescent coupling signals responsive to the laser signals in the plurality of sensing fibers, and the fiber optic cable assembly is strapped outside a tubing in a wellbore formed in a formation;', 'receiving, from the signal fiber of the fiber optic cable assembly, the one or more evanescent coupling signals; and', 'based on the one or more evanescent coupling signals, determining characteristics of a down-going seismic signal and an up-going seismic signal., 'transmitting laser signals to a plurality of sensing fibers in a fiber optic cable assembly, wherein each sensing fiber carries one laser signal, each laser signal has a distinct frequency, and the fiber optic cable assembly comprises2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the characteristics of the down-going seismic signal and the up-going seismic signal includes isolating the down-going seismic signal and the up-going seismic signal.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining the characteristics of the down-going seismic signal and the up-going seismic signal includes determining pressure levels of the down-going seismic signal and the up-going seismic signal based on amplitudes of the one or more evanescent coupling ...

Tunable Optical Structures

Aspects of the present disclosure describe optical structures and devices, and more particularly to improved, tunable optical structures including optical gratings that are dynamically affected and/or tuned by acousto-optic or electro-optic mechanisms.

MULTI-MODE ILLUMINATION OF SURFACE ACOUSTIC WAVE MODULATOR

There can be a problem of output intensity node or nodes as a function of angle, for waveguide-based optical modulators, such as leaky-mode surface acoustic wave modulators. Several approaches are illustrated that can be used to provide more uniform output light across a range of angles, i.e., that is avoid dark “drop-outs.” It can also be used to increase the output angle range or exit light fan. This is achieved by leveraging the different diffraction characteristics between different guided modes. It exploits the observation that utilizing different waveguide guided modes, e.g. TE0 like versus TE1-like, causes a SAW optical modulator to operate with different relationships between output angle and output intensity. It turns out that they can be at least complementary, that is: one waveguide mode can fill in the dark gaps of another wave guide mode. 1. A surface acoustic wave (SAW) modulator system , comprising:one or more SAW modulators in which light in waveguides of the SAW modulators propagates in at least two guided modes, the guided modes being selectively diffracted from the waveguides by surface acoustic waves.2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein light in each of the waveguides propagates in at least two guided modes.3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light propagates in at least two guided modes simultaneously.4. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the light propagates in at least two guided modes serially in time.5. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the system comprises multiple SAW modulators and different waveguides of the SAW modulators propagate different guided modes.6. A system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a controller that controls the delivery of drive signals to SAW transducers of the SAW modulators to improve a continuity of an exit light fan from the SAW modulators by selectively diffracting the guided modes.7. A system as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising in-coupling devices for delivering ...

LASER BEAM OUTPUT APPARATUS

A laser beam output apparatus includes a pulsed laser output section, an optical path determining section, a wavelength changing section, and a multiplexer. The pulsed laser output section outputs a laser beam having a predetermined wavelength as first pulses. The optical path determining section receives the first pulses and determines one among a plurality of optical paths for each of the first pulses for output. The wavelength changing section receives light beams traveling, respectively, through the plurality of optical paths and changes the light beams to have their respective different wavelengths for output. The multiplexer multiplexes outputs from the wavelength changing section. 1. A laser beam output apparatus comprising:a pulsed laser output section that outputs a laser beam having a predetermined wavelength as first pulses;an optical path determining section that receives the first pulses and determines one among a plurality of optical paths for each of the first pulses for output;a wavelength changing section that receives light beams traveling, respectively, through the plurality of optical paths and changes the light beams to have their respective different wavelengths for output; anda multiplexer that multiplexes outputs from the wavelength changing section.2. The laser beam output apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe first pulses have a predetermined frequency, and whereinthe optical path determining section outputs, respectively on the plurality of optical paths, second pulses having a frequency obtained by dividing the predetermined frequency by the number of the plurality of optical paths and having their respective different phases.3. The laser beam output apparatus according to claim 2 , whereinthe multiplexer outputs third pulses having the predetermined frequency.4. The laser beam output apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe optical path determining section outputs, respectively on the plurality of optical paths, second pulses ...

CHIP SCALE OPTICAL SYSTEMS

An optical phased array including a wafer, optical waveguides, a root optical waveguide, the root optical waveguide being optically connected at one end to one optical waveguide, another end of the root optical waveguide constituting an optical port, optical couplers disposed in an array and located on the wafer, the optical waveguides optically connecting the optical couplers to the optical port via respective optical paths, one optical path per optical coupler, configurable optical delay lines; each configurable optical delay line being disposed in one respective optical path from the respective optical paths; the configurable optical delay lines being configured such that the optical couplers emit a non-planar phase front near field radiation pattern from light received from a light source coupled to the optical port. 1. An optical phased array having a predetermined design wavelength and a predetermined design bandwidth , the optical phased array comprising:a wafer;a plurality of optical waveguides; the plurality of optical waveguides being one of implanted in the wafer or disposed on the wafer;a root optical waveguide, the root optical waveguide being one of implanted in the wafer or disposed on the wafer; the root optical waveguide being optically connected at one end to one optical waveguide from the plurality of optical waveguides; another end of the root optical waveguide constituting an optical port;a plurality of optical couplers disposed in an array and located on the wafer;the plurality of optical waveguides optically connecting the plurality of optical couplers to the optical port via respective optical paths, one optical path per optical coupler; anda plurality of configurable optical delay lines; each configurable optical delay line from the plurality of configurable optical delay lines being disposed in one respective optical path from the respective optical paths; the plurality of configurable optical delay lines being configured such that the ...

Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Spatial Light Modulator Device Providing Varying SAW Speed

A system and method for a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) spatial light modulator module, or SAW device that provides varying acoustic wave speed are disclosed. The SAW device includes a substrate of a material such as lithium niobate, and a coating layer is applied to the substrate. A SAW transducer of the device is configured to produce SAW signals that propagate with a propagation velocity around an interface between the substrate and the coating layer. The SAW signals couple light signals of a light source into modulated light signals that are emitted from the bottom face and/or edge face of the substrate. In embodiments, a frequency of RF drive signals applied to the SAW transducer in conjunction with the propagation velocity of the SAW signals produces a decrease in a SAW wavelength of the SAW signals as compared to current SAW device systems and methods. 1. A Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) modulator , comprising:a SAW substrate including an optical waveguide;a SAW transducer for generating SAWs in the SAW substrate; anda coating layer applied to a proximal face of the SAW substrate to change wavelengths of the SAWs.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SAW transducer is patterned on top of the coating layer.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SAW transducer is formed within the coating layer.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SAW transducer is formed in wells within the SAW substrate.5. The system of claim I claim 1 , wherein the coating layer begins at a point downstream of the SAW transducer along the optical waveguide.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the coating layer is applied as a strip that extends with the optical waveguide of the SAW substrate.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the SAW transducer is formed at least within the coating layer and optionally also within the substrate.8. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one phononic crystal placed on a side of the waveguide of the substrate to confine the SAW signals within the ...

Coupling sensor information to an optical cable using ultrasonic vibrations

An apparatus () includes an electronic circuit (), an electro-acoustic transducer () and a coupler (). The electronic circuit is configured to receive data to be transmitted over an optical cable (), and to convert the data into a modulating signal. The electro-acoustic transducer is configured to convert the modulating signal into an acoustic wave. The coupler is mechanically coupled to a section of the optical cable, and is configured to apply to the section a longitudinal strain that varies responsively to the acoustic wave, so as to modulate the data onto an optical carrier traversing the optical cable.

SAW Modulators with Phase and Angle Selective Optical Coatings

A system and method for improving spatial light modulator (SLM) devices such as Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) modulators are disclosed. The SAW modulators can improved angular bandwidth and suppress unwanted diffractive orders. In one example, a coating layer(s) is applied to a proximal face of the SAW modulator to improve coupling of guided modes into leaky modes. Additionally, applying coating layers(s) such as a hybrid anti-reflective/highly reflective coating to an exit face of the SAW modulator can suppress transmission of undesired diffractive order(s).

Distributed Acoustic Sensing System Based on Delayed Optical Hybrid Phase Demodulator

A sensing system adapted to receive backscattered signal from a sensing fiber includes a first Faraday rotator mirror; a second Faraday rotator mirror; an optical hybrid coupled to the Faraday rotator mirrors, wherein one of the mirrors is coupled with an optical path difference; a 3-port optical circulator coupled to the sensing fiber and the optical hybrid; a first photodetector coupled to the circulator; and three photodetectors coupled to the optical hybrid. 1. A sensing system adapted to receive backscattered signal from a sensing fiber , comprising:a first Faraday rotator mirror;a second Faraday rotator mirror;an optical hybrid coupled to the Faraday rotator mirrors, wherein one of the mirrors is coupled with an optical path difference;a 3-port optical circulator coupled to the sensing fiber and the optical hybrid;a first photodetector coupled to the circulator; andthree photodetectors coupled to the optical hybrid.2. The system of claim 1 , comprising a fiber loop to provide the optical path difference.3. The system of claim 1 , comprising three optical attenuators respectively coupled to each of the three photodetectors.4. The system of claim 1 , comprising data converters coupled to each photodetectors.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the photodetectors generates I=A+B cos [φ(t)] claim 1 , I=A+B sin [φ(t)] claim 1 , I=A−B cos [φ(t)] claim 1 , and I=A−B sin [φ(t)] claim 1 , respectively claim 1 , where A and B are constants and φ(t) is a phase difference between two interfered sections at time t claim 1 , comprising a processor obtain the time-varying phase information φ(t) from the four photodetector outputs.6. A sensing system adapted to receive backscattered signal from a sensing fiber claim 1 , comprising:a first Faraday rotator mirror;a second Faraday rotator mirror;an optical hybrid coupled to the Faraday rotator mirrors, wherein one of the mirrors is coupled with an optical path difference;an optical isolator coupled to the sensing fiber;a coupler ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BOND-SELECTIVE TRANSIENT PHASE IMAGING

A method includes directing a first plurality of probe laser pulses through a sample, dividing each of the first plurality of probe laser pulses to generate a first interferogram, and generating first image data reproducible as a first phase image of the sample. A plurality of pump laser bursts are directed onto the sample to heat the sample. A second plurality of probe laser pulses are directed through the sample at a predetermined time delay. Each of the second plurality of probe laser pulses are divided to generate a second interferogram. Second image data is generated that is reproducible as a second phase image of the sample. A transient phase shift is determined in the second phase image relative to the first phase image. A vibrational spectroscopy property is determined of the sample based on the transient phase shift, thereby allowing an identification of chemical bond information of within the sample. 1. A method for imaging a sample , the method comprising:directing a first plurality of probe laser pulses through the sample;dividing each of the first plurality of probe laser pulses into a first plurality of waves to generate a first interferogram;generating first image data reproducible as a first phase image of the sample based at least in part on the first interferogram;directing a plurality of pump laser bursts onto the sample to heat at least a portion of the sample, each of the plurality of pump laser bursts having a first wavelength;directing a second plurality of probe laser pulses through the sample, each of the second plurality of probe laser pulses passing through the sample at a predetermined time delay subsequent to a corresponding one of the plurality of pump laser bursts;dividing the each of the second plurality of probe laser pulses into a second plurality of waves to generate a second interferogram;generating second image data reproducible as a second phase image of the sample based at least in part on the second interferogram;determining a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTICALLY READING A SENSOR ARRAY

A system including an optical waveguide having a length extending from an optical interrogator at a first end, a plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes disposed at predetermined locations along the length of the optical waveguide, and (in some embodiments) a plurality of first beam splitters at each of the predetermined locations along the length of the optical waveguide, each of the first beam splitters configured to direct a portion of an optical signal from the optical interrogator to one of the plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes along an optical waveguide path, and return a reflected optical signal to the optical interrogator in an opposite direction along the same optical waveguide path. 1. A system comprising:an optical waveguide having a length extending from an optical interrogator at a first end;a plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes disposed at predetermined locations along the length of the optical waveguide; anda plurality of first beam splitters at predetermined locations along the length of the optical waveguide, each of the first beam splitters configured to direct a portion of an optical signal from the optical interrogator to one of the plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes along an optical waveguide path, and return a reflected optical signal to the optical interrogator in an opposite direction along the same optical waveguide path.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the optical interrogator comprises an optical pulse generator configured to generate the optical signal claim 1 , wherein the optical signal is an optical pulse.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the optical pulse is adapted to interrogate each of the plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein each of the plurality of light-modulating sensor nodes further comprises a transducer claim 2 , the transducer being configured to detect a signal selected from the group consisting of: acoustic claim 2 , vibration claim 2 , magnetic claim ...

BRILLOUIN GAIN SPECTRAL POSITION CONTROL OF CLADDINGS FOR TUNING ACOUSTO-OPTIC WAVEGUIDES

A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide that includes a waveguide cladding surrounding an optical core is disclosed. The method comprises providing a wafer substrate; depositing an initial amount of a first material over an upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer; depositing a second material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer; removing portions of the second material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial cladding layer and form an optical core comprising the remaining second material; and depositing an additional amount of the first material over the optical core and the exposed portions of the partial cladding layer to form a full cladding layer that surrounds the optical core. A relative concentration of components of the first material is adjusted to provide Brillouin gain spectral position control of the waveguide cladding to tune the acousto-optic waveguide. 1. A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide that includes a waveguide cladding surrounding an optical core , the method comprising:providing a wafer substrate having an upper surface;depositing an initial amount of a first material over the upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer;depositing a second material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer;removing portions of the second material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial cladding layer and form an optical core structure comprising the remaining second material; anddepositing an additional amount of the first material over the optical core structure and the exposed portions of the partial cladding layer to form a full cladding layer that surrounds the optical core structure;wherein a relative concentration of components of the first material is adjusted to provide Brillouin gain spectral position control of the waveguide cladding to tune the acousto-optic waveguide.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein ...

SENSOR ARRANGEMENT

A fiber optic sensor arrangement is disclosed that includes a plurality of optical fiber based sensor elements, the sensor elements configured to modify an associated optical carrier signal in accordance with changes in a sensed quantity at a location of the sensor element and a phase modulation arrangement for phase modulating each optical carrier signal in accordance with respective uncorrelated pseudorandom binary sequence signals. The sensor arrangement also includes an interferometer module for receiving each of the phase modulated optical carrier signals, the interferometer module operable to convert a change in the phase modulated optical carrier signals to a change in optical intensity of the corresponding optical carrier signal to generate a combined modulated optical intensity signal, an optical intensity detector for measuring the combined modulated optical intensity signal and generating a time varying electrical detector signal and an analog to digital convertor to convert the time varying electrical detector signal to a time varying digitized detector signal. Also included in the sensor arrangement is a decorrelator arrangement for decorrelating the time varying digitized detector signal against the respective uncorrelated pseudorandom binary sequence corresponding to each of the optical carrier signals to recover each of the modulated optical carrier signals and a demodulator for demodulating each of the modulated optical carrier signals to recover the respective optical carrier signal to determine the changes in the sensed quantity at the location of the sensor element. 1. A fiber optic sensor arrangement including:a plurality of optical fiber based sensor elements, the sensor elements configured to modify an associated optical carrier signal in accordance with changes in a sensed quantity at a location of the sensor element;a phase modulation arrangement for phase modulating each optical carrier signal in accordance with respective uncorrelated ...

Display system

A display system comprises an optical waveguide, an actuator and a light engine. The light engine generates multiple input beams which form a virtual image. An incoupling grating of the optical waveguide couples each beam into an intermediate grating of the waveguide, in which that beam is guided onto multiple splitting regions. The intermediate grating splits that beam at the splitting regions to provide multiple substantially parallel versions of that beam. Those multiple versions are coupled into an exit grating of the waveguide, in which the multiple versions are guided onto multiple exit regions. The exit grating diffracts the multiple versions of that beam outwardly. The multiple input beams thus cause multiple exit beams to exit the waveguide which form a version of the virtual image. The actuator is coupled to the waveguide and is arranged to generate acoustic waves, which are incident on, and propagate through, the optical waveguide.

Light field generator devices with series output couplers

Electro-holographic light field generator devices comprising surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators are disclosed that employ multiple output couplers. These output couplers might be distributed along waveguides of the SAW modulators, within output coupling regions. Each of these output couplers can be configured for directing an incident leaky mode light at different output angles. In some cases, it may be desirable to employ the output couplers to function as different sub-pixels, to provide light to different viewing directions. The output couplers may be mirrors, volume gratings, chirped gratings, reflection gratings, two dimensional gratings, and/or transmission gratings. The output couplers may be angled so that the coupling output fans for each optical modulator are offset from the waveguide for that optical modulator.

Saw modulator having optical power component for extended angular redirection of light

A light field generator system including a leaky-mode SAW modulator is disclosed. The modulator incorporates at least one optical power component, such as a concave mirror or volume grating having a non-zero diopter rating. In some embodiments, the system incorporates the at least one optical power component by embedding the optical power component within a substrate of the SAW modulator and/or by placing the optical power component upon a surface of the SAW modulator.

Light field generator devices with series output couplers

Electro-holographic light field generator devices comprising surface acoustic wave (SAW) optical modulators are disclosed that employ multiple output couplers. These output couplers might be distributed along waveguides of the SAW modulators, within output coupling regions. Each of these output couplers can be configured for directing an incident leaky mode light at different output angles. In some cases, it may be desirable to employ the output couplers to function as different sub-pixels, to provide light to different viewing directions. The output couplers may be mirrors, volume gratings, chirped gratings, reflection gratings, two dimensional gratings, and/or transmission gratings. The output couplers may be angled so that the coupling output fans for each optical modulator are offset from the waveguide for that optical modulator.

Piezoelectric optical switch device

A piezoelectric optical switch includes a planar Mach-Zehnder optical device having a piezoelectric rib disposed on one or both of the waveguide structures. The piezoelectric rib deforms the waveguide structure creating a strain vector that alters the optical path of the waveguide. The piezoelectric rib is offset from the propagation path in the waveguide. This yields several important advantages. By positioning the piezoelectric rib away from the waveguide, the strain components in the propagation path of the waveguide in the directions perpendicular to the direction of propagation, e.g., in the x-direction and the y-direction, are negligible. Since strains in these directions create birefringence, elimination of these strains will minimize the birefringence. The elimination or reduction of birefringence is greatly desired because birefringence degrades the extinction ratio at the outputs of the Mach-Zehnder device. Thus, the piezoelectric switch of the present invention provides a high extinction ratio and a low power consumption and small switching time expected of piezoelectric devices.

光波長可変フィルタ

(57)【要約】 【課題】 製造工程を複雑にすることなく、また製造時 におけるトレランスが大きくかつ容易に大きなサイドロ ーブの透過減衰量を得ることが可能な導波路型光波長可 変フィルタを提供する。 【解決手段】 同一誘電体基板１１ａ上に、２つの導波 路型波長可変フィルタ素子１０ａ，１０ｂを互いに直列 接続構成となる様に形成し、各フィルタ素子の交差指電 極７ａ，７ｂとこの交差指電極の後方に配置されている 音波吸収体６ｂ，６ｄとの間隔（相互作用長）９ａ，９ ｂが互いに異なるように設定しておくことで、互いのサ イドローブの透過減衰特性を相殺することにより、サイ ドローブの透過減衰量の大幅な改善が可能となる。

Ultra-fast beam dithering with surface acoustic wave modulator

An apparatus for processing a coherent light pulse comprises a piezoelectric material having an optical interface surface and a surface acoustic wave (SAW) producing device disposed on the piezoelectric material. A coherent light pulse is dithered at a high frequency when it is reflected off of or transmitted through the optical interface surface. The SAW-producing device may be adapted to generate a travelling SAW or a standing SAW on the optical interface surface.

Acousto-optic fiber-optic frequency shifter and shifting method using periodic contact with a surface acdustic-wave

내용 없음. No content.

Plasma-Liquid Crystal Display Apparatus With Function Of Bidirectional Display

본 발명은 양면으로 화상이 표시되도록 한 양방향 표시기능을 가지는 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널-액정 표시장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a plasma display panel-liquid crystal display device having a bidirectional display function for displaying an image on both sides. 본 발명의 양방향 표시기능을 가지는 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널-액정 표시장치는 방전에 의해 화상을 표시하는 제1 플라즈마 표시패널과, 표시면이 상기 제1 플라즈마 표시패널의 표시면과 반대방향이 되게끔 설치되어 방전에 의해 화상을 표시하는 제2 플라즈마 표시패널과, 상기 제1 및 제2 플라즈마 표시패널 사이에 설치되어 상기 제1 및 제2 플라즈마 표시패널로부터 입사되는 광을 투과 및 차단하기 위한 액정필터를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 한다. The plasma display panel-liquid crystal display device having a bidirectional display function of the present invention is provided with a first plasma display panel for displaying an image by discharge, and a display surface so as to be opposite to the display surface of the first plasma display panel. And a second plasma display panel for displaying an image by discharge, and a liquid crystal filter disposed between the first and second plasma display panels to transmit and block light incident from the first and second plasma display panels. Characterized in that. 이러한 구성에 의하여, 본 발명에 따른 양방향 표시기능을 가지는 플라즈마-액정 표시장치는 동일 화상 또는 다른 화상이 공급되는 두 개의 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널과 두 개의 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널 사이에 설치되는 액정필터에 의해 광투과율이 조정됨으로써 양면으로 화상을 표시할 수 있게 된다. With this arrangement, the plasma-liquid crystal display apparatus having the bidirectional display function according to the present invention has a light transmittance by a liquid crystal filter provided between two plasma display panels and two plasma display panels supplied with the same or different images. By adjusting, it becomes possible to display an image on both sides.

Acousto-optic device including a nano structure, and optical scanner, light modulator and display apparatus using the acousto-optic device

출력광의 회절 각도 범위를 증가시키도록 나노 구조를 갖는 음향광학 소자 및 이를 이용한 광스캐너, 광 변조기, 디스플레이 장치를 개시한다. 개시된 음향광학 소자는, 테이퍼지게 형성된 유전체 광도파로, 상기 유전체 광도파로의 적어도 꼭지점 부근 둘레를 둘러싸는 금속층, 상기 유전체 광도파로의 꼭지점 부근 내에 배치된 이득 매질층, 및 표면 탄성파를 발생시켜 상기 유전체 광도파로에 표면 탄성파를 인가하는 음파 발생기을 포함할 수 있다. 이러한 나노 구조의 음향광학 소자는, 테이퍼지게 형성된 유전체 광도파로의 꼭지점 부근에서 표면 플라즈몬의 증폭을 최대화시키고, 이때 유전체 광도파로의 꼭지점 부근에서 발생하는 강한 비등방 굴절률을 이용하여 출력광의 회절 각도 범위를 증가시킬 수 있다. An acoustooptic device having a nanostructure to increase the diffraction angle range of output light, and an optical scanner, an optical modulator, and a display device using the same. The disclosed acousto-optical element includes a tapered dielectric optical waveguide, a metal layer surrounding at least a periphery of the dielectric optical waveguide, a gain medium layer disposed in the vicinity of a vertex of the dielectric optical waveguide, and a surface acoustic wave, And a sound wave generator for applying surface acoustic waves to the waveguide. Such a nano-structured acoustooptic device maximizes the amplification of the surface plasmon near the vertex of the tapered dielectric optical waveguide and increases the diffraction angle range of the output light by using strong anisotropic refractive index generated near the apex of the dielectric optical waveguide .

All-fiber acousto-optic tunable filter

PURPOSE: An optical fiber variable wavelength filter is provided to electrically control a transmission property of a filter in a center wavelength of a filter or a filter bandwidth thereof. CONSTITUTION: In an optical fiber variable wavelength filter, a single-mode optical fiber transmits a beam. An elastic wave generator generates a variable elastic wave in the optical fiber. The elastic wave generator is used as a mode transformation device for transforming a core mode of the beam transmitted by the optical fiber selectively into a cladding mode depending on the wavelength of the beam. A mode removing device removes the transformed cladding mode. The elastic wave generator generates an elastic wave corresponding to an input electric signal.

Color filter of lcd

The color filter for LCD is manufactured by (a) cleaning the substrate, drying, and then repeatedly light-exposing developing and drying it by the photoetching method to form a red, a green and a blue pattern, and (b) coating a dyestuff-coating solution on the substrate by the spin coating method to form a dyestuff-coated film. The coating solution is obtained by dissolving an acid red 52, an acid red 486 and/or a rhodamine 6 GCT in to the pure water, and then adding a glycerine or gelatin to the solution.

Integrated optical device

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Acousto-optic frequency shifter

내용 없음.

Image display device

(57)【要約】 【課題】 音響光学デバイスに関し、トランスデューサ による光吸収損を抑え、かつＳＡＷ励振効率の高い音響 光学デバイスの提供を課題とする。 【解決手段】 音響光学基板１上に形成された光導波路 ３と、前記光導波路と交差して該光導波路に沿って弾性 表面波を伝搬させるトランスデューサ４とを備え、該ト ランスデューサ４に加える電気信号により制御可能な弾 性表面波（グレーティング）の下で前記光導波路３を伝 搬する光波に各種の相互作用を生じさせる音響光学デバ イスにおいて、前記トランスデューサの指電極４ａ，４ ｂは、前記光導波路３と交差する部分ではバッファ層７ を介して該光導波路と間接的に接触し、少なくとも一部 が直接基板１に接触していることにより、基板１の表面 に弾性表面波を高効率で発生できる。

Photon generating device for any microwave signal through linear frequency modulation

本发明的一般领域为经线性调频的任意微波信号的光子产生器件，所述器件包括：激光器(1)、用于形成发射信号的组件(2)以及光接收器(3)，该光接收器(3)的带宽在微波频率的范围内。所述形成组件包括：第一光束分离器(20)；第一光通道，其包括移频回路，所述移频回路包括光束分离器(50)、第一光学放大器(60)、光学隔离器(70)、第一光谱滤波器(75)和声光移频器(80)；第二光通道，其包括光电移频器(30)；第二光束分离器(40)；第二光学放大器(90)；以及第二光学滤波器(100)；声光频移、光电频移和第一光学放大器的振幅增益可调。

Device for light generation of arbitrary microwave signals with linear frequency modulation

Multi-wavelength optical fiber acousto-optic frequency shifters

本发明公开了一种多波长光纤声光移频器，包括器件本体和驱动电源，所述器件本体包括波分复用装置Ⅰ、波分复用装置Ⅱ、输入准直器、输出准直器、压电换能器以及声光晶体；所述输入准直器和输出准直器均为多个，所述压电换能器与声光晶体相连，所述驱动电源与压电换能器相连；输入准直器和输出准直器分别位于声光晶体的两侧，所述波分复用装置Ⅰ与输入光纤相连，波分复用装置Ⅱ与输出光纤相连。本发明能够同时对不同波长的激光进行移频，并且通过同一移频器进行移频，能够有效保证移频的一致性，使用方便，并且成本低廉。

Optical controller

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Wide color gamut display

Luminescent spot scanning element

Method and apparatus for measuring rotational speed with a sanitary interferometer

Optical waveguide device and optical communication system using optical waveguide device

(57)【要約】 【課題】 ＳＡＷにより光の偏光制御し特定波長の分離 を行う光デバイスにおいて、ＳＡＷの閉じ込め効率を改 善する必要がある。 【解決手段】光導波路上にＳＡＷをガイドする薄膜をも うけることで、ＳＡＷの閉じ込め効果を上げる。

Optical operation processing element

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Control device of light

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Optical fiber polarization controller

公开了一种光纤偏振控制器，其通过采用由若干短段双折射光纤(110，120)制成的波片而具有紧凑的尺寸。该光纤偏振控制器通过扭绞或转动连接至常规的单模光纤(100)的双折射片(110，120)来控制输入光的偏振状态。

Tunable optical fiber bragg and long period grating

Disclosed is a tunable optical filter which may be used in telecommunications systems. The filter comprises a single mode optical waveguide containing a grating. The resonance wavelength of the filter is changed by changing the boundary condition at the interface between the cladding layer (14) and an additional layer (16) applied to the outer cladding layer surface. This boundary condition is changed by changing the refractive index of the additional layer (16). Means for changing the refractive index of the additional layer (16) include establishing a structural resonance in the additional layer, or forming the additional layer from electro-optic or piezoelectric materials.

Wide-angle deflecting device

Apparatus and methods for producing and/or providing recirculating optical delay(s)

Optical filter

FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: optical filter has channel optical waveguides for input/output of optical radiation and propagation of a light beam, light beam splitters arranged in series on the radiation path and a forming means for transmitting optical radiation branched by the beam splitters. The forming means is in form of a set of connecting channel optical waveguides and/or a planar optical waveguide. The beam splitters are in form of a set of connected optical waveguides, the mutual arrangement of which is based on maintaining, at operating radiation wavelength, a phase difference which is essentially a multiple of 2π for most beams branched by different beam splitters and transmitted from the input to the output of the optical filter. EFFECT: providing a wide adjustment range and a narrow filtration line width. 23 cl, 10 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 502 102 (13) C2 (51) МПК G02F 1/225 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012106970/28, 27.02.2012 (72) Автор(ы): Царев Андрей Владимирович (RU) (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 27.02.2012 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Царев Андрей Владимирович (RU) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 27.02.2012 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.09.2013 Бюл. № 25 (45) Опубликовано: 20.12.2013 Бюл. № 35 2 5 0 2 1 0 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2182347 С2, 10.05.2002. JP 2011109048 А, 02.06.2011. WO 2008042952 А2, 10.04.2008. Адрес для переписки: 630117, г.Новосибирск, ул. Иванова, 33а, кв.58, А.В. Цареву 2 5 0 2 1 0 2 волновода. Делители пучка выполнены в виде набора связанных оптических волноводов, взаимное расположение которых выбрано с учетом поддержания на рабочей длине волны излучения разности фаз, по существу кратной 2 π, для большинства пучков, ответвленных с помощью различных делителей пучка и прошедших от входа до выхода оптического фильтра. Технический результат - обеспечение широкого ...

Wide color gamut displays

본 발명의 디스플레이는 광원들의 하나의 어레이를 포함하여 구성되는 하나의 일루미네이터에 의해 비추어진다. 이 어레이는, 복수의 컬러들의 광원들을 포함한다. 상이한 컬러들의 광원들은 개별적으로 제어가능하다. 각 컬러내에서, 변조기의 상이한 영역들을 비추는 광원들은 개별적으로 제어가능하다. 이 디스플레이는 높은 동적 범위와 폭넓은 색상 범위를 가질 수 있다. The display of the present invention is illuminated by one illuminator that comprises one array of light sources. This array includes a plurality of light sources of colors. Light sources of different colors are individually controllable. Within each color, the light sources illuminating different areas of the modulator are individually controllable. This display can have a high dynamic range and a wide color range.

TE-TM mode converter

The converter has a substrate body (1) of lithium niobate with a monomode optical waveguide (3) formed by titanium diffusion extending along the substrate surface between two end surfaces (4,5). An input end of the waveguide is subjected to light from a source and carries an electroacoustic transducer (7) which generates acoustic surface waves collinear with the waveguide's longitudinal axis. A second monomode optical waveguide (6) extending along the substrate surface is made by proton exchange. The electroacoustic transducer covers both waveguides. The second waveguide is parallel to the first at least in a region associated with the transducer and separated from it by a distance so that at least partial coupling of the mode in the first waveguide to the second occurs for a stimulated surface wave of a selected conversion frequency.

Generate the device and method of column vector beam in a fiber using automatically controlled tunable gratings

本发明提出一种利用电控可调谐光栅在光纤中产生柱状矢量光束的装置和方法，利用电控可调谐光栅的线偏振特性，可以实现纤芯中线偏振矢量基模与TM 01 和TE 01 模式之间的高效耦合，可以产生具有严格径向和角向偏振特性的柱状矢量光场。通过优化电控可调谐光栅的折射率调制度，可以实现线偏振矢量基模与柱矢量光场之间的完全耦合。而且通过调整调制电控可调谐光栅的周期可以便捷的在光纤中实现不同波长处柱矢量光产的产生。本发明所用装置器件简单，具有很高的柱状矢量光场产生效率，所产生柱矢量光束具有很高的模式纯度，同时，也可以方便地实现不同径向和角向矢量光场之间的转换，而且可以通过调整射频信号在不同的波长实现柱矢量光场的产生。

FREQUENCY CONVERTER OPTICAL DEVICE AND GYROMETER COMPRISING SUCH A DEVICE

L'INVENTION SE RAPPORTE A UN DISPOSITIF CONVERTISSEUR DE FREQUENCE REALISE EN OPTIQUE INTEGREE. L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN DISPOSITIF DANS LEQUEL LE COUPLAGE ENTRE LES GUIDES D'ONDE 5, 6 EST REALISE PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE D'UN RESEAU ACOUSTIQUE FORME PAR UNE ONDE ACOUSTIQUE 12 QUI SE PROPAGE COLINEAIREMENT A L'ONDE OPTIQUE VEHICULEE DANS L'UN DES GUIDES D'ONDE. L'INVENTION S'APPLIQUE NOTAMMENT AU DOMAINE DU GYROMETRE. THE INVENTION RELATES TO A FREQUENCY CONVERTING DEVICE MADE IN INTEGRATED OPTICS. THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION IS A DEVICE IN WHICH THE COUPLING BETWEEN THE WAVE GUIDES 5, 6 IS ACHIEVED BY THE INTERMEDIATE OF AN ACOUSTIC NETWORK FORMED BY AN ACOUSTIC WAVE 12 WHICH SPREADS COLINARLY TO THE VEHICULATED OPTICAL WAVE IN L 'ONE OF THE WAVEGUIDES. THE INVENTION APPLIES IN PARTICULAR TO THE FIELD OF THE GYROMETER.

Waveguide-type polarization-independent light tunable filter

TRANSMISSION OPTICAL FILTER

FILTRE OPTIQUE DE TRANSMISSION COMPORTANT AU MOINS UN CORPS BIREFRINGENT QUI EST CONSTITUE PAR UNE FIBRE OPTIQUE MONOMODE 41 DONT LA BIREFRINGENCE EST CHOISIE SUFFISAMMENT FAIBLE POUR QUE LA LONGUEUR L A L'INTERIEUR DE LAQUELLE LES FLUX LUMINEUX SE PROPAGEANT DANS LA FIBRE AVEC UN ETAT DE POLARISATION ORTHOGONAL SUBISSENT UN RETARD DE PHASE DE 2P L'UN PAR RAPPORT A L'AUTRE SOIT D'ENVIRON 1CM AU MOINS. TRANSMISSION OPTICAL FILTER INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE BIREFRINGENT BODY WHICH IS CONSTITUTED BY A SINGLE-MODE 41 OPTICAL FIBER WHOSE BIREFRINGENCE IS CHOSEN SUFFICIENTLY LOW SO THAT THE LENGTH OF THE INTERIOR OF WHICH THE LUMINOUS FLOWS PROPAGATE IN THE FIBARONALIZATION AND ORTH IN THE FIBARONALIZATION SUBJECT A PHASE DELAY OF 2P TO ONE RELATIVE TO THE OTHER OF ABOUT 1CM AT LEAST.