ARRANGEMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR THE REGULATION OF BUILDING MOVEMENTS

The invention concerns an arrangement for the regulation of relative motions between two different Bodenabstand exhibiting Bereiehen of a high-rising up building, in particular a concrete dam, with in a range the linked measuring plumb bob and within the other range, the measuring range, being certain, the relative situation of the measuring plumb bob determining measuring instrument. Further the invention concerns also a procedure for regulation of relative motions the kind mentioned, whereby dierelaüveLage is determined in a range of linked measuring plumb bob over measuring instrument which is certain within the other range. Arrangements and procedures of the kind mentioned are admitting and f'mden in particular with high and highest buildings application, with which different loads cause horizontal deflections relatively to the foundation, and/or between different ranges of the building, and thus accompanying demands. This is valid for example for the wind pressure at free standing tower-like buildings or evenly for in particular concrete dam specified, with which the horizontal deflection of the upper crown range is affected mainly of the Stanhöhe and the temperature. In particular with Stanmauem arrangements and/or procedures of the kind mentioned are in use, with which the measuring plumb bob - more exact its suspension - is arranged in a pipe run vertically over the entire, or at least a part of the height of the concrete dam, which exhibits small diameter relative to the thickness of the Staumaner. It is inconsequential thereby whether it concerns with the measuring plumb bob a hanging plumb bob or a swimming plumb bob; first is aufgehangt mostly in the crown range of the concrete dam by means of a friction-poor cut or such a thing and • is enough into the range of the Mauerfußes, where the plumb bob weight dips into an absorption liquid; the secondarymentioned is in reverse mostly in the range of the Mauerfußes accordingly linked and over a wire or such connected with a flotation chamber arranged in the measuring range; in addition there are also arrangements, with which a hanging plumb bob and a swimming plumb bob are used, which are enough in each case into the measuring range lying between their linking. In all cases relative horizontal movements between linking range of the measuring plumb bob and measuring range can be determined over deflections of the measuring plumb bob. For the measurement of the relaüven situation of the measuring plumb bob, which must be very exact for the increase of the force of expression, different possibilities are well-known. In a case a fine ray of light is horizontal moved händisch in the measuring instrument, until its shading is observable by the suspension of the measuring plumb bob on a surface arranged behind it the actual measured value can then over a vernier organization of the Verstellhandlmbe is read off. Apart from the fact that during this arrangement relatively easily operating errors can occur, it is also always the danger given that in that mostly moisten errors and/or changes in the basic adjustment between Meßeinrichmng and measuring plumb bob to wet environment due to most diverse Umgebungseinflitsse later occur can, to at least useless, if not extremely dangerous faulty measurements lead. Further also for example elektris che measurements of the relative situation of the measuring plumb bob are well-known, which work by means of electrical fields between measuring plumb bob and measuring instrument and over the measurement of inductive or capacitive sizes (e.g. see. AT-PS 263,397 or also GB-PS 1.467.809). Thereby the problem exists that to the Abdeekung of großerer possible relative motions of the measuring plumb bob with large field strengths must be worked, which do not have again negligible reactions to the measuring plumb bob. Besides the above danger of additional Dejastierungen exists also with such mechanisms. Task of the available Erf'mdung is it to improve an arrangement as well as a procedure of the kind mentioned in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages of the well-known such arrangements and procedures are avoided and in particular in simple and reliable kind the relative motions mentioned also over long periods away significantly and reproducibly to be determined to be able. This in accordance with the available invention during an arrangement of the kind initially specified by it reached that the measuring instrument exhibits at least two reference marks in well-known distance, fixed in the measuring range of the building, to each other, as well as a non-reactive, in particular optical independent of it, spacer measure, over the welehe relative relative to of the measuring plumb bob the reference marks assignable is. The appropriate arrangement of the procedure mentioned consists of that for the determination of the relative situation of the measuring plumb bob the distance of the same is intended to at least two independently of the measuring instrument reference marks fixed in the measuring range. Thus now the determination of the relative situation of the measuring plumb bob is reduced to a spacer regulation between the situation of the measuring plumb bob and the building-firm Refereuzmarken directly, which switches the addressed additional adjusting problems off completely. Thus needs also for example after an exchange of the actual spacer measure at place and S divide keineNeujusUerung to be made, since the mutual distance of the reference marks only relevant in this connection unchanged-remains thereby. In particular optical, non-reactive measurement of the relevant distances contributes to the increase and/or retention of the attainable accuracy. After a particularly preferred arrangement of the arrangement according to invention it is intended that the reference marks are formed by Refereuzloten hung up in the measuring range. Thus in a simple manner RK is 395,659 B sichergestel] t that those reference marks are parallel over a relatively grölten vertical range in the range of the Abstandsme inheit without special Spannund adjusters exactly same distance to exhibit and to the measuring plumb bob, so that changes in the height of the actual ME bene cannot affect themselves. In further arrangement of the errmdungsgemäßen arrangement the optical spacer measure exhibits at least a line camera attached to a Ausweneeinrichtung including Meit ptik, which at least two reference marks and the measuring plumb bob illustrates on the Zeilenarmy of the line camera. Thus the possibility results of supervising completely non-reactively and exactly the necessary relative relative quasi konünuierlich and in very simple and zuverlitssige way in addition the respective measured values to practically arbitrary place fernzutibertmgen. It is essentially inconsequential with the fact whether the actual evaluation mechanism completely or in parts in the measuring range or however in the range distant control room or such a thing is arranged, and/or whether the remote transmission is made by appropriate lines or however wirelessly. After another preferential Weiterbildnng of the invention two are in line cameras shifted to the measuring plumb bob at least approximately senkrechten levels over at least approximately 90° as well as in each case two associated, same essentially in each case distance to the assigned line camera exhibiting reference marks intended, and/or according to errmdungsgemäß the trained further procedure the distance to two the level lain in one essentially perpendicularly to the measuring plumb bob at least Anna shirt aligned pairs by reference marks are perpendicularly to each other determined. Thus for example tangenüale and radial movements can be determined and/or not become, measuring errors by not exact adjustment of individual Abstandsmel3einheit outer-durable with Staumanern. The reference marks can be arranged after a preferential further arrangement of the invention anSerhalb the motion travel of the measuring plumb bob which can be expected, which distributes mel3technisch certain results in and which range from rather, which can be supervised, limit although in some cases also with the line camera mentioned with environment light the sufficiency be found can, are insbesouders for the use in closed Iunenräumen an arrangement of the invention of advantage, in accordance with which at the side facing concerning the measuring plumb bob of the line camera a Lichtquelie is arranged. The Absehattung of these Lichtqnelle by the measuring plumb bob and/or the reference marks is at the line camera and/or nmsetzbar at the line array of this camera easily into the appropriate measured value. Apart from it could be planned however naturally also a kamerascitige lighting with according to inverse BiiddarsteHung. After further training of the invention the borrowing queue arranged behind the measuring plumb bob delivers diffuse light over the entire width of the Bowegungsbereichos DOS of measuring plumb bob which can be expected and preferably exhibits a light emitting diode field with upstream diffuser. This results in favourable Verhälmisse and thus a increased evaluation they agoness for the measurement with the line camera. The preferably used light emitting diodes can deliver for example in-colored red light in the wavelength coverage of 650 Nm, which has on the one hand the advantage, the sensitivity the line array with this wave situation be co-ordinated exactly can and on the other hand an improved illustration ermögfieht, since Furb illustration errors are omitted; it participates in particular favourable that most good-natured objectives are balanced on the red light mentioned from the beginning among other things. In order to be able to adjust in particular in connection with only over individual line camera taking place measurements according to error changing Unsehärfen of the moving measuring plumb bob, is intended after another further training of the invention that the source of light delivers essentially parallel light over the entire width of the motion travel of the measuring plumb bob which can be expected and that between measuring plumb bob and/or. Referenzraarken and measuring optics of the line camera a ground-glass plate in the Slrahlengang of this light are arranged. Since thereby the possible motion travel of the measuring plumb bob is parallel ausgelenchtet, the possibilities of error mentioned are omitted. In addition will the radiation set with a movement measuringguide on a circular course in the diffuse and/or diverging light strictly speaking two values to supply - as a result of the use of parallel light as well as the ground-glass plate mentioned again clear allocations arise. After an arrangement of the Erfmdung favourable in the latter connection it is intended that the source of light a Punktlichtquelle with Kol] imator exhibits, what permits a simple realization to the demand mentioned. In order to avoid that by the light queues of the measuring instrument insects or such Kleinlehewesen are attracted, which can disturb the measurement naturally sensitively are after another favourable further training of the invention planned that the light queue is clocked and delivers light pulses, which beseiügt the mentioned problems. In addition sees from the well-known results in clock rate then also the possibility akzepäeren only according to the clock rate arriving signals at the line array which results in selective filters to use, are co-ordinated which anfdie utilization source of light together with the possibility, one much good independence from possible environment. RK 395,659 B the Erf'mdung is details erlautest in the following still on the basis the Ausfülmmgsbeispieie represented schematically in the design. Fig. 1 shows a sehematischen cross section by a concrete dam with an arrangement after the available invention, Fig. 2 a partial schematic plan view on one within the range 011) in accordance with Fig. 1 intended Meßeinrichtang, Fig. 3 a detail from Fig. 2 in increased yardstick, Fig. 4 a PrinzipskizTe for arrangement in accordance with Fig. 3, Fig. 5 a diagram for the elucidation of the connection between camera yardstick and gsmaßstab and Fig. 6 one the Fig. 4 nlicho principle sketch of differently trained arrangement after the invention. In accordance with Fig. I is in the middle range of a Staumaner (1) of the crown (2) up to the Mauerfuß (3) vertically running pipe and/or a pit (4) planned, which within the lower range more elber one of the downstream face (5) transverse course coming ago (6) zugängfich is. Only to orientation it is here anzumerkeo that the pit (4) with tatslichfich implemented such buildings about 30 cm diameters above the transverse course (6) and likewise like the transverse course (6) even - below the Einmiindung of the latter about 1 m diameter exhibits. Within the range of the crown (2) of the concrete dam (1) its suspension at a control room (7) or such a thing in a place (g) a measuring plumb bob (9) linked, (10) in form of a wire, a thin steel cable or such a thing, by the pit (4) is verlItuft and its plumb bob weight (11) within the range of the Manerfußes (3) is arranged and mostly in not • represented way into a steaming basin with water or a similar suitable liquid dives here. With more differently high ones of the water level (12) in the storage reservoir (13) as well as with Temperatursehwankangen of water and ambient air it comes to different deflections of the range of the crown (2) in relation to the central range of the wall and/or opposite the MaueffnB (3), mainly toward the double arrow (14). These deflections are determined that in a measuring range (H) at the inlet of the transverse course (6) to the pit (4) one for example in Fig. 2 schematically in opinion from above represented Metinrichtung (15) is planned, by means of which the relative situation of the measuring plumb bob (9) for the surrounding measuring range 0OD is intended, which a direct statement more elber the relative motion of the place (8) of the suspension of the measuring plumb bob (9) permitted. In accordance with Fig. the measuring instrument (15) exhibits itself 2 two rüekwirkungsfreie, optical spacer measures (16), (17), their adjustment axles (18), (19) within the range of the measuring plumb bob (9) (and/or at least its suspension (10)) annlibemd cut (for reasons of the arrangement a transfer the high one was made here after) and in the level of the Fig. 2 an angle of at least approximately 90° include. The spacer measures (16), (17) point in each case one to one not to description evaluation mechanism attaching line camera (20) including measuring optics (21) (see in particular Fig. 3) up, which along the Ausfichtungsachse (18), (19) toward the measuring plumb bob (9) are directed. To concerning the measuring plumb bob (9) the line cameras (20) opposite side is in each case a source of light (22) arranged, which over the entire width the one which can be expected of the Bewegungsbereiehes of the measure plumb bob (9) diffuse light and a light emitting diode field (23), with upstream diffuser delivers preferably exhibits. Additionally to the measuring plumb bob (9) is arranged in dern range supervised by the line cameras (20) relative to the Staumaner in the measuring range fixed reference marks (24) in well-known distance to each other, whereby here in each case two outside of the one which can be expected the motion travel of the measuring plumb bob (9) arranged reference marks (24) of one essentially perpendicularly to its connecting line arranged Zeflenkamera (20), is assigned. There the movement of the concrete dam (1) in accordance with Fig. 1 naturally toward the double arrows (14) (in so-called radial direction) of substantially rough as in that perpendicularly to it lying (tangenüalen) direction, also the distance is that the spacer measure (17) in Fig. 2 assigned both Refelenzmarken (24) substantially more largely than that the spacer measure (16) assigned reference marks. The reference marks (24) are in way not represented further a Aufhängevoffichtang at the concrete dam (1) hung up reference plumb bobs formed, which thereby always parallel to each other and to the measuring plumb bob (9) lie, independently of the relative height, at which the two Z¢üenkameras (20), suitable by in the measuring range 01 here) over, measure the relevant distances. In Fig. 3 is the spacer measure (17) from Fig. 2 in somewhat larger yardstick and somewhat more in detail again represented. It is to be also seen from this, how those the two reference plumb bobs (24) and the measuring plumb bob (9) repräsenüerenden shadings of the light emitting diode field (23) that source of light (22) over the measuring optics (21) on the Zeilenarmy (25) the Zeüenkamera (20) to be illustrated, which passes the appropriate information on here then in way not represented further for processing. The illustration of the reference marks (24) as well as the measuring plumb bob (9) over the measuring optics (21) on the Zeüenarmy (25) is in Fig. 4 schematically vergröbert again represented. The Maßstabstransfonnaüon of in Fig. 5 horizontally laid on camera yardstick on mentioned the transmission yardstick laid on perpendicularly in the figure is made in well-known way by a simple Goradengieichung. During the arrangement after Fig. 6 a source of light (22) is intended, which over the entire width of the Bewegnngsbereiehes of the measuring plumb bob (9) essentially parallel light delivers, which is realized over a PunktAT 395,659 B lichtqnelle (26), which can be expected, with Kolliraator (27). Between measuring plumb bob (9) and/or reference marks (24) and skin optics (21) a ground-glass plate (28) in the path of rays of the light is arranged, whereby here now the Mattscheibenbfld over the optics (21) on the line array (2b') of the line camera not represented further is illustrated. In this way measuring errors do not become by Unsehärfen according to exactly perpendicularly zurjeweiägen adjustment axle (18), (19) (Fig. 2) taking place movement switched off. At the deepest temperature and full back-up the Stanmauer (1) in accordance with Fig moves. 1 furthest to the downstream face and with the highest ambient temperature and discharged water furthest to the water side. The Gr613enordnung of this movement is approximate with actually implemented S taumanem parts per thousand the wall-high, with which 50 m Mauerh0he result in for example approx. 50 mm maximum excursion. The Kamemmaßstab (gemilB Fig. 5) becomes by the number of exposure meter elements of the line camera (for example 256, 512, 1024, 2048…) determined, again related to the plan the dissolution of the entire spacer measure determines. Thus for example 10 cm image field result in a dissolution of 0.1 mm in the case of a 512-Elementkamem. Wlihrend those the spacer measure (17) assigned reference marks (24) and/or reference plumb bobs according to the above remarks in the example mentioned a distance from approx. 6 cm have, are arranged the tangential movements supervising Abstandsmeßoinheit (of 16) assigned reference plumb bobs (24) in a relative relative of only approx. 1 cm, since the tangential movements of a concrete dam are usually negligible and serve mostly only for control of the correct Ausdchtnng of the measurement of the radial movements. Differently this can be however for example with tower-similar buildings, with which the two directions are equal. To the evaluation of the signals of the line camera (s) used processor can on way e.g. further also the Zeiffunktion of the Abbildungsbewogung very simple after today's Staude of the technology supervise and thereby that-moved measuring plumb bob from the stilistehenden reference marks differentiate. Thus it results eineRechenmögUchkeit not only for a Interpolafion between the reference marks but also for the entire display space with zusiitzlicher extrapolation with which also for a situation of the measuring plumb bob outside of the reference marks a simple determining position becomes possible. The adjusting assistance will further with help of a such processor also derivably, whereby that knows processor indicating, how many, wires " are recognized and around how many picture increments the reference marks in the picture are asymmetrical. Also statements about the sharpness of the illustration can be met by statement of the actual Abbildnngsbreiten of the reference marks. Further k0unen by a comparison of the existing illustrations on the line array to small illustrations (for example causes by spin weaving or such a thing) by the processor to be ruled out. In place of in accordance with Fig. 1 represented training of the measuring plumb bob (9) when at the wall crest (2) fastened drawn the Moßlot could be trained also as so-called swimming plumb bob, soft in the range of the Maneffufles (3) angelenktist and swimming stored far, to S traffung the suspension serving Schwimmk0rper exhibits with Relaüvbewegungen then of the measuring range schwimmkörperseifig lain for the range of the Aufhangung and/or linking the swimming plumb bob can the distance measurements above again completely ident as above on the basis the I-Iängelots bescinäeben to be made. With actually implemented Staumauem also I-Iilngelot and swimming plumb bob in such a way combined that by means of a hanging plumb bob essentially going through from the crown to the Mauerfuß the Relaüvbewegungen of the crown is determined to the Maneffuß and that by means of one beispielsweiseim center in the middle of the wall ending swimming plumb bob zusätzlichdieRelaüvbewegungen the wall center for the Maueffuß is intended, sedaß also the deflection of the center range will be determined can. Further naturally also several Meßeimächtnngen of the kind mentioned with different combinations of Hängeund swimming plumb bobs, planned over dießreiteder Stanmauerverteilt, are possible.