Procedure and devices for the electricalthermal reduction, in particular for heterogeneous feeding of the basic materials in superimposed situations.

One took place already with e] ektrisel1 EN furnaces a reduction method vorgesehlageu, with yours heterogeneous feeding of the basic materials in horizontal layers alternating with the lugs for itself, which can be reduced, alone and also under subsequent mixture of the materials with the reduction center] n, which can be reduced. This procedure causes a continuous seiüiche propagation of the Sü'omes supplied by the electrode, but it does not permit a definition to a middle conductivity of the l Iasse with the treatment due to the embedded zones, which are alone formed by the non conductive situations of the materials which can be reduced. Further one was already suggested a reduction method with individual feeding the basic materials in senkrechten zones, whereby the materials which can be reduced and the reducing agents are separately laminated. This procedure does not only cause a laterally interrupted propagation of the river supplied by the electrode, but also a definition of middle conductivity of the i which can be treated seizes. On the other hand is even not perfect in this case ednktion satisfying, since containing zones partly penetrate the 5Iaterial which can be reduced by premature melting into the sphere of activity of the reducing agent zones and come on the Ofensohle with the forming bath into Berührnng. The first mentioned procedure is with furnace with power adjustment by Hinnnd Hersehieben of the electrode applicably, not however with furnace with power adjustment by Spannungsänderung, because in the latter case an all too large number of interruptions at the automatic controller contacts would take place daily, so that these contacts became too fast worn out. The second procedure however is with difficulty applicable for furnaces with power adjustment by Hinund I-Ierschieben of the electrode in vertical direction, fits however fiir furnaces with regulation by the tension, since it reduces the number of the interruptions daily taking place at the automatic controller contacts importantly. Es_exw t I however as insufficient, if a practically perfect is reduction-required. The reduction method with lateral Stromenffaltung, soft the article of available 5 invention bathes, lets themselves ffir A! e furnace use, independently of it, whether the regulation happens vo the electrode or from the tension, and just as also for all Rednktionsaxteu, gleiehgiiltig whether they are to partly or take place completely. Because the propagation of the river takes place more effectively than in the first mentioned case, but less violently than in the case secondarymentioned, hiedureh the developing distribute are it shown in a smaller loss at Ansgangsstoffen and in better withstanding of furnace avoidance. The middle conductivity the wet one which can be treated is more effectively stabilized than in the first mentioned case and in even way than in second. Hiedureh the developing distribute lie in a increased uniformity of the achievement and in a smaller Wärmeausstrahlung of the surface. Furthermore the premature Absehmelzen of the basic materials which can be reduced, which becomes apparent in the first case still, is avoided completely, from which an improved regularity in production results. With the available reduction method with lateral current propagation feeding the basic materials takes place also via regularly alternating senkrechte zones, which are characterised however by that half of these zones spreads the river up to the Ofenverldeidung, since it is compound from a leading Mischmlg of the materials with the reducing agents, which can be reduced, while the other tttilfte leaves the river in the neighbourhood of the electrode, since she contains zones except the leading mixture still to the unvermisehten reducing Besehiekungsstoffen, which is lense-shaped into the gaps of the reputation stored. In order to implement such Besehicken, the surface of the leading mixture is welicnförmig trained and in the wave valleys the same a Zusatzbesehickung by the material which can be reduced introduced, as ztulächst 2 N [engenteile'leitender mixture and on that an l fengenteil the material in the indicated way, which can be reduced, successively up to the complete Ofenfül! ung to be brought in. Such an alternation in the Besehieken can with the hand already sufficient exactly vorgchemmen to become, but for the best execution mau one uses elektromagnetiseh steered mechanism, with which the individual Ausla sehnanzen in each case in two omits is divided. A Ausführungsferm of one zuß execution of this procedure serving Vörrichtung is represented in the design, and zw. Fig show. 1 a pattern of the completed zones between the electrode and the load lips, from which the different wavy training of the successive Besehiel ungslagen to be recognized are, Fig. 2 a profile by the furnace after line left--1I of the Fig. 3, Fig. 3 a half-section by the 0fen after line [...] III the Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a longitudinal longing CCIT by a Auszuschnauzen after line IV a IV the Fig. 9. Fig. 5 and 6 Einzeltei! e of the Elektrodenfiihrung in Längsund transverse longing CCIT in increased measure staff, from the sehematischen Därstellung of the Fig. one recognizes 1, how aut itself dern ground I of the 0Ichs the leading Lischungsstoffe 2, which is caused to D from the funnel 3 with the help of the snail, without isolating Zwisehensehieht.e cone-like spreads and that the kegeligen increases on average proves a wavy connection. In hiedureh the developing concavities or Wellentälcr now, likewise in cones of ger Fqrra, the Z.usatzbeschickungen 5 US the material which can be reduced is applied by the snails besehiel the EN of discharge openings ö. This kegeligen Aufschiehtungen is not small only in each case quantities and exceeds would lift the world mountains. by this Einhringen develop the zones 8 with continuous good line on their whole height, since no Einsehnitte of the isolating zones is present 9 with reduced conductivity, which were only geschickert in Linsenoder Eiform zwisehén the kegeligen durchlaafenden parts of $. Aüf the center between the mass which can be treated heterogeneous Besehickens in horizontal layers and the coke zones hold this white formed senkrechten leading zones with the individual Bssehicken in senkrechten zones, whereby the current development can take place further and regularly, whereby however a too violent development and a too large 0berflaehe of the coke zones are avoided. The Zwisohenfügen of the leading 5Iisehung, which enrich at coke is as the mixture of the heterogeneous: Filling in horizontal layers, prevents with the lense-shaped. Zones that premature melts, which with that initially erwahnten well-known procedures arises. Thus the Redüktions per eß RA: if lateral Stromentfa it] tung, as it was described above, for all cases as well as fiir all active] ungsarten in perfect way and with all distributing at application to arrive knows, is still. further training: cles 0rens necessities as in the Fig. 4--6 is represented. This Einriohtung erm iglieh clas Sämmeln of gases or steams, which develop during the reduction, as well as burning these gases and steams also. the necessary amount of air or also: Cooling of the Verbren uungsprödukte by an excess air or finally the introduction of water vapour or other Reakfäonssto fen, - “the Fig. 2, 3 and 4 shows, dal the basic materials ti: zw. the leading mixture 10 and the Zusatzbesehiekung from material /./ which can be reduced, in double Zufuhrtriehtern separately accommodated are circularly ffgebant around the 0fen-a, those, which mixes materials in certain with the help of mehrfachgängigcr screws 12 (generally three Se.hraubengänge) delivers. The Besehiekungsstoffe is brought with Zufuhreinriehtungen, which are also through with the hand or with an engine betäßgten Gesehwindigkeitsreglern provided, into diagonal Ablanftriehter 13 provided with Seheidewänden in their center, which would bring in those mass into the Sehmelzbett. In this mass place the Zus tzbeschiekungen from the material which can be reduced 11, contrary to the schematisehen representation after Fig. 1, cones with elliptiseher basis, which are distributed regularly in the leading M.isehung 10. On way described above used mengonmäßig virkendeu snails make possible hurried increased]? arallele Zufuhr= of the BesehickUngsstoffc with each Sehneekenumdrehung. Also sees the number of the revolutions without disturbance lets changing, in order to obtain an exact volummetrisehe Stoffeinteilung. In order to obtain an exact distribution of the Zusatzbesehiekungsstoffe, it is appropriate to steer the speed governors of the proportioning snails by engines anf eloktromeehanischem way iso.daß for example on 2 revolutions of the snail for the Redukt] onsgemisoh inevitably a revolution of the snail for the auxiliary filling comes. The desierenden twin sister can be operated also in Paxalldschaltung over after everyone ttä ptabstich the treated mass e! ne common. to make possible same S peisung. Out denFig. one can see 2.und far ones, there Fortsetzung-der the circular, to the electrode konzentrisehen lp on dern 0fendeek.e! sitting Gasanff_angkammer screen end tBihgka) nin lg is equipped with cooling plates, for which by Wasserun1 run 15 are cooled. This ring fire-place becomes at the exterior surface by the furnace cover around Al! carried by the Verbindu gseinrichtung the electrode with the StromzuMtung and lets the Gaseh and steams 16 free withdrawal developed in the furnace to the inside. These withdrawing gases or steams can be collected through usual catching tubes. They can do in addition, with the help of a Luftzufubr 17 which from the junction point 18 come and between the Stfitzwandung for the electrode connection and is appropriate, are burned for the Ofendeekel. Place i11 by simply shifting of the electrode. Further one can cause a Abkühhmg after the Verbremmng by Zusatzlnft 19, whereby the air supply can take place dnrch the Sebanöffmulgen 20. Likewise these Schauöffnungen make also the supply for reaction materials possible suitable by water vapour or other one. The ring fire-place has a set of distributing. Thus by it all lateral furnace construction parts come into Wegfal! , since the structure of the ring fire-place on the Ofendeekel gives the possibility, all further obenlkgende organs. like supply mechanisms nnd their mechanism, gas, steam, Rauchund dust collector and/or the pipes to their removal, the Aufh geeinricim1 r, g for the electrode etc. to take up. Then the furnace is very effectively locked thereby, and the Verbindu, gsteile between furnace covers and Zufubrorgauen contained only freili “g'ende organs, so that all parts are at the same time perfectly accessible. Gases and steams can be burned or one kaml with them ffilfsreaktionen would drive, there through the Wasserkühlullg each harmful Erwärmur.g in the walls of the ring fire-place to be prevented can. All further l-Ii [inf0 fsarheiten by injecting zerstaubten water, from water vapour or sönstigen reaction materials can leie.ht be made, since the furnace lies exposed perfectly and accepts only the bringing in judges! gedcssen on approximately three Vitrtc 1 of the height zugänglicil remains. "" Dnrch the arrangement of the air supply wipers Stützund Verbindnegsring for the electrode and the upper section of the Ofendcckels can be regulated the quantity of the Verbremmngsluft completely exactly cil or switched off also completely, be prevented without the Bewegnng of the Elcklrode z. The Fig. 5 and 6 shows finally, in which way the Diclitung of neighbouring contact plates for the Stromznfuhr is secured. This is done via pressing one in twitches (Ipaste into the pipes 21, yields in the back-up ring is accommodated. Off: this Höhlnngen 21: the mass penetrates through punchings 22 into the openings between the eiffze'lnen support plates. D! e connection of neighbouring plates by such Zuckcrpastcu has the advantage, may one perfectly geïm1 'and complete current supply to the electrode at arbitrary Stel! EN is possible. Near in this way the supply of the electric current can dm'eh a usual “simple Konta.ktstüek would drive through. A further advantage of iter invention consists of that one can turn into directly of the closed 0fcnarbeit to the open furnace work and in reverse. One can win the gases or steams or treat or finally burn also in chemical way, in order to leave it according to cooling and Entstanben in the free. ° the organs necessary for the completion of the work are many simpler and smaller at number than it with the past electrical furnaces with lateral Siromausl reitmig necessarily rare. For example an electrical furnace with 15.000 KW of power consumption needs 36 Zufubrtrichter, during a mechanism that in the introduction in second place procedure specified 48, during a mechanism in procedures first in the introduction mentioned on the other hand with the procedure .nach: , ö icgender invention nnr 24. : - _