METHOD FOR GENERATING CIRCULATION OF AIR AND CONVECTION IN INSTALLATION IN HEATING, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME

The present invention relates to a method for generating circulation of air and convection in a heating installation, within a container under reduced pressure, and a device for implementing this method.The invention is based, in principle, on Patent in France Patent 80 - 23 685 deposited 6 November 1960, relating to a heating process and a device for its implementation, balanced by reducing the pressure of the air, within an enclosure. The present invention provides a novel element at technical design disclosed in Patent mentioned earlier.Summarizing initially below the concept technique of said earlier application. According to this concept, the air in an enclosure or chamber is sucked and discharged from the enclosure by the action of rotating means disposed inside thereof. Therefore, the pressure of the air in the enclosure falling to a balanced value. In m mth time, heat is produced by the effect of friction resulting from continuous rotation of said rotary means. The heat of the air, due to friction, can TREs used for heating, drying and the like.In one embodiment disclosed in Patent mentioned earlier, air induction means are disposed within the enclosure. However, the installation of these induction means within angstroms or outside the enclosure does not constitute an essential feature of the earlier invention. Similarly, according to the present invention, it is not necessary in all cases to install external means of inducing air within the chamber or enclosure. Indeed, the present invention achieves the desired specific purpose, that said induction means are or not disposed within the enclosure..' " i-:!' Ranging atrial atrial t's @

ooe

ol-the invention aim to provide a method and a device for generating an air flow and an air in a

convecttonìnsta

] opera heating, within a pressure vessel air

réduìte

, in which heated air to the interior of the enclosure is to be circulated by convection flow, the temperature inside the enclosure is brought to a uniform value throughout the volume thereof, so that the heat production and the drying effect are achieved effectively.This is achieved, according to the invention, by a method for generating circulation of air and convection in a heating installation, within an enclosure under reduced air pressure comprising an air outlet, wherein air is drawn from said space by the rotating means disposed in the region of said outlet and discharge air is drawn inward]' enclosure by the effect of rotation,

desditsmoyens

rotating until] has air pressure inside the enclosure is reduced to a balanced value; difference is maintained equal to said value balanced between the reduced air pressure to the

ìntérieur

of the enclosure and the air pressure outside thereof, and the heat is produced by friction of air underneath the

ellet

continued rotation of the rotary means, so that the circulating air in the enclosure is heated, this method being characterized particularly in that it includes generating a circular flow of air heated by using Way rub of said rotary means, to draw air into the enclosure from

ladìte

area below said rotary means, and to cause a convection current

dìrìgé

forced downwards to a helical vortex path in

dìrectionparoìs

four lateral delimiting said enclosure, so that the temperature of the hot air in the latter rises uniformly.In one implementation of the method according to the invention, the heated air flowing in the form of forced convection current is used as a heat source.In another embodiment, wet objects placed in said enclosure to cure by 1es therein the air circulating in the form of forced convection current, moisture of said objects in wet cake that is removed by vaporization being discharged externally of the

enceìnte

by the action of outdoor air induction means arranged

intérìeur

of said enclosure.L-i0 pp, Q- pp atrial o° the device for implementing the method of the invention is remarkable in that it comprises rotatable means opposite to each

desdìtssuìveurs

rotary means means for generating heat by air friction, as well as guide means called to cause a flow of air and a forced convection.In one embodiment of the device, said enclosure has an exterior air induction means.In another

réalisation

said enclosure provides a heat source.In yet another embodiment of the device, said enclosure forms a chamber for drying wet objects located within said chamber.The invention centeredly except by reference, but not of Figure I with peel, circulation will be described below more detailed

maniêre

,

notamaux

figures which are exemplary

illustralimitation

.shows, in front elevation and partly in section a device according to the present invention generate air convection in a heating installation.Figure 2

représente

perspective, a TES rotary means employed in the apparatus of Figure 1.Figure 3 is a cross-section showing, on an enlarged scale, a main portion of the device according to the invention.Figure 4 is a plan view showing, on an enlarged scale, a rotor in the above device.Figure 5 shows the rotor, viewed from the side.Figure 6 is a section taken along the line VI-VI of Figure 4.Figure 7 is a plan view, a larger scale, showing the combination of a cross-shaped carrier and a-plate frustoconical wall.Figure 8 is a section taken along line VIII-a VIII of the fig. 7...Figure 9 is a plan view of the plate

ã

frustoconical wall.Figure i0 is a front view of the plate tapering wall.Figure 11 shows, in front elevation, another embodiment of the present invention.In the drawing, the reference numeral I denotes an enclosure or closed chamber which has a square cross section and which is delimited by outer walls 2. these are made by a structure thermally insulating and heat-resistant. The reference 3 denotes two doors for inserting objects into the chamber I or removed from the reaction vessel.I-I-I-T-mls. 4 GB OQs: enjoying the I!... '::" °; pp of O; the O; °° EO

o

the reference 4 denotes a suction port formed in the central portion of the upper wall of the chamber 1. said suction inlet communicates with an air outlet 4a. X-means for generating heat by friction air comprising first rotating means a are mounted in the suction port 4. these heat producing means X are referred to reduce the air pressure inside the chamber has a value

équilibrêe

. The rotating means comprises a rotor-blade fan, or the like; in the example shown, the rotor has

aifettes

6 rotated by a motor 5. each vane is inclined at an angle O so that air within the chamber I can abuts sucked and discharged in a flexible manner. A rotational zone has heat production in which air is heated by friction is defined in the volume interested in the rotary means has.The reference 7 designates the second rotating means, or a second rotor.The latter is spaced concentrically of the first rotatable means of means X for producing heat by air friction. The reference Y denotes

suìveurs

rotary means rotatably driven by a set of vanes 8 and suction by the rotor 7.00 n-regards more particularly the rotary means follower therein, a cross support 9 is mounted in the lower part of the suction port 4, the center of the cruciform leg 9 being provided with a bearing centered on the rotary means A. the impeller 7 is disposed beneath the bearing 10 and comprises a shaft 11, however that the finning suction 8 is disposed beneath the bearing 10 and 11 on the shaft

fixê

.The rotor 7 comprises a ring 12 having a diameter smaller than that of the suction port 4, and a plurality of fins 13 projecting outwardly from the ring 12. thereby, a plurality of air compartments 14 is defined, these compartments 14

êtantdélimitês

by the wall of the suction port 4, the ring 12 and the fins 13.The reference 15 designates a curved portion of each vane 13, which is folded obliquely from the upper end of]' interested vane so as to increase the torque. The reference 16

dêsigne

four bars of a central mounting member 17. Further, a plurality of fins suction 18 is disposed on the inside of the ring 12

cöté

, these fins 18 being called-up draw air within chamber I upwardly.The finning suction 8 may form a conventional blower. It is important, in any case, that the assembly 8 is capable of sucking air in the chamber, upwardly.: o-,: the O, % this set of vanes suction 8 is covered with a plate-like cover substantially frustoconical 19 whose upper end, is attached to opposite ends of the support stem and 9. thereby, 3' Old suction of the finning suction is defined by the frustoconical cover 19.In addition, the tapered plate 19 may also TREs secured in rotation of the shaft II and has, on its lower

cöté

, a plurality of fins which produces a suction effect. A frusto-conical cover plate or the like (not shown) also defines a suction area sharply defined. If desired, the finstock suction 8 can TREs suppressed.The present embodiment comprises means for guiding the Z called confectioneries producing circulating hot air convection and forced so as to cause airflow effective within the chamber I and to maintain a uniform temperature distribution over the entire volume of the chamber. To this end, a frusto-conical guide plate 20 extends downwardly from the end of the suction port 4. four control plates 21 contr81ant the airflow are arranged between the upper guide plate 20 and the cover bottom 19.The reference 22 denotes a housing enclosing the motor and delimiting an area 5 means rotation

rotatìfs

has; this housing 22 also defines an air discharge passage 23. The reference 24 denotes a muffler

montê

22 on the housing.The

réfêrence

25 designates induction means outside air arranged in the lower part of the chamber 1. additional 26 a heating element, such as a heating element

êlectrique

, gas, diesel or the like can be incorporated into the induction means 25 of outside air to increase the heating effect, EETs heating element 26 can, furthermore, wanders controlled by a thermostat (not shown).The induction means outside air?Z7

Scomportent

a control valve means for regulating the flow of outside air. This control valve 27 can abuts a valve replaced with automatic adjusters that opens or closes depending on the temperature in the chamber or in accordance with the difference

rêgnant

air pressures, respectively, to 1'

intêrieur

and outside the chamber 1.

ùLa

reference 28 designates shelves formed by perforated plates or grid-shaped

appelêesmouillês

supporting objects introduced into the chamber I advantageously, the LOS dimensions and) 5 z5 atrial .. ". -"..; an í. ".22::: ;! : an í ee4i o4d configuration of shelves are suited to the nature and the amount of wet objects to be treated.The reference 29 denotes a window for observing the

intérìeur

of the chamber, and the reference 30 denotes a control box containing different measuring instruments and a control panel.The operation of the device according to the invention will be described hereinafter

aprês

.When the motor 5 is turned on, it causes the set of vanes 6 in rotation. Thus, the means X for generating heat by friction of

aìe

are actuated. The air pressure to the chamber 1

ìntérìeur

is gradually reduced, since the air in this chamber is sucked and

déchargê

outwardly therefrom by the action of the finning

entratnê

6 in rotation. The difference between the air pressures prevailing, respectively, within the chamber 1 and outside thereof (normal atmospheric pressure) gradually increases; however, after a period of time, this pressure difference is maintained at a balanced value. Said difference

pressìon

is defined by the suction force exerted by the rotating means 9 and the gradient established between the suction port 4 and the set of AIs -] lands and suction 6; however, the difference between the reduced pressure within the chamber I and the normal atmospheric pressure outside of the chamber is maintained at a balanced value

taute

during the spin, continuous finning 6.While

prêvautdifféreoce

said balanced value of air pressure, @

phénomêne

produces a retaining air in the area of heat generation by friction has, in which rotate the fins 6.Since the set of fins 6 rotates

maniêre

high speed continuous in this area has, heat is produced by air friction, so that the

tempêrature

thereof gradually increases.When the rotating means has are rotated,) of the means of rotating followers therein coaxially arranged below the rotary means has rotate either in the same direction of rotation as a result of the hot air stream produced by the set of vanes 6 to rotary means.Air residing] 'within the chamber I is discharged to the outside thereof by the effect of the rotation of the rotary means follower therein until the air pressure in the chamber is reduced to a balanced value,

c'est

to say until the pressure difference between the, respectively inside the chamber and to the

extêrJeur

thereof has reached (and is kept) a balanced value.: i when this pressure difference reaches a value approximately balanced, the air flowing through the

compartìments

14 is heated. Hot air is introduced into the tapered volume defined between the upper guide plate?0 and the lower guide plate 19 by the control plates 21, and is inwardly

dìrigéintérìeur

of chamber I.The hot air located below the rotatable assembly of fins suction 8 is drawn upward by]' effect rotation of said set of vanes 8

solìdaìrement

which is driven in rotation by the rotor 7. suction upward hot air is the suction effect

favorisieren

fins disposed on suction 18 c tee

intêrieur

ring and 12 ., the air is discharged to the area A for generating heat by friction. Air is

échauffê

again by the effect of the rotation of the set of rotating blades 6 disposed in air for generating heat, and is

refoulê

inwardly of the chamber by the rotor 7.It spring thereby

prêcède

that by] has

coopêration

means

rotatìfs

followers Y and the guide means Z is called to generate a circulation of air and a forced convection, the air located within chamber I

subìt

forced circulation between the top of the chamber inwardly thereof through the

périphêrie

useful substances sharpening of this chamber, after

quoì

, the air flows back from the center of the chamber 1 to the area X of heat generation by air friction.This air flow is characterized by creating a convection current forced and a vortex effect.By virtue of the air flow from the top to the bottom, the temperature of heated air can quickly and abuts

augmentêeuniformêment

throughout the volume of chamber I will achieve a] was desired

prédéterminêe

. In addition, hot air flows towards

uniformêment

]

disposêes

AE shelves 28 in the chamber 1, so that objects mwi|

lêsplacês

are wet or on said trays. The

humidìtêéliminêe

by

vaporisatìon

is

évacuêe

of chamber I through the suction port 4.It is also possible to introduce into the chamber 1 air

extêrieur

through the regulating valve 27 air induction means

extêrieur

25, so that the evaporated water is then replaced by the fresh air intake.Thereby, the objects

mouillês

or wet can be dried efficiently in a very short period of time. Therefore, the present invention largely contributes to the desired reduction in energy consumption.@ @ @ @ 6 from 0 '""* R. ' has I- @ @ 6 plastic optical waveguide

ooIloO

@ 6 and since the heated air is forced) circulate

unifoêment

spatially

ìntérieur

chamber 1 under melt convection current

fortO

, the temperature distribution throughout the volume of the chamber is uniform.In addition, tool because

ìntroduire

is portable in the chamber from the outside so as

aìrìntemittente

. In this way, the drying objects stirring is promoted strongly, and the objects retain their color

séchêsorìgìnale

without

aucunemodifìcation

thereof. These objects are therefore to

considêrer

, after drying, as products of high

qualìtê

.Thus it spring this

quìprêcède

, chamber I

décrìtecì

above can be used for both

opératìons

drying. This chamber, as

représentêe

Figure £1, may also TREs

utìlisée

as a heat source. In this case, the construction of the chamber is

sìmìlaìre

Way

décrìte

than previous in the example. Therefore, it does not re-

décrìra

, hereinafter, the arrange the chamber

questìon

.A significant

dìfférenceprêcédent

between the example and the example that will be

dêcrìtcì

below resides in fair includes means that the first air induction 25, while these means are omitted in the following example.In the embodiment shown in fig. 11 the chamber 1 AOO is provided with, preferably, a plurality of secondary cells 31.When the chamber 1 is used as a heating chamber, must be providing two doors 3. when the chamber is used as a heat-generating element or heat source, both doors 3 may be reviewed omitted.In order to transmit the heat energy from the interior of chamber I z5 outwardly therefrom in a manner as effective as possible, i1 is advantageous in that the walls of this chamber are formed

extêrìeures

metallic material having good heat conductivity. This provides a heating device like a pile warp.Further, it is possible to provide at least two conduits 32 connected together by a heat exchanger (not shown) so that heated air can circulate.It is possible to arrange to have processing]'

intérìeur

chamber I of a helical conduit (not

reprêsentée

) whose both ends communicate with the exterior of the chamber. This helical conduit (or coil) may be useful to effectively heat a fluid passed through

eile

.Of course, the means X for producing heat by the rotary means

frottement

follower guide means a TES Y and Z-engendering the W. . w...Q-Q in the O, O-O-b-SOP Qi 9 air circulation and a

convectìon

forced are not restricted to the embodiments

spêcifiques

described above. This is how each of these means can abuts disposed at a different location, with respect to the chamber 1, for example at the exterior thereof, or at its bottom. In addition, there may be one or more of the three above-mentioned means, depending upon the configuration and] interested in ES dimensions of the chamber.In] AE embodiments described above, the chamber I has a rectangular cross-section; said I! should be noted however that this does not constitute an essential characteristic TIR PolI I-e of the I

nventi

is. Other

configurati

maker, for example a cylindrical shape, may also TREs provided.When the chamber has a cubic configuration, each of the corners may be rounded to decrease the resistance to the flow of the air.According to another aspect of the invention, since] for the effects of convection and vortex mixed flow tal are implemented within the chamber due to the cooperation of rotary means followers and guide means to cause air circulation and a forced convection, is obtained simply and easily elevated temperature uniform throughout the interior volume of the chamber.According to another aspect of the invention, since outside air heated or non-heated can be introduced into the chamber by the action of the induction means, the drying effect is reinforced, in the case of damp or wet objects are placed in the chamber.This leads to high quality dried objects.Of course, the present invention is in no limited to the embodiments described and shown;

eile

is capable of many variations accessible to the ordinarily skilled artisan, according] AE intended applications and without does not depart from the spirit of the invention.'D,

gll

@ the O, O-OPO