Device for error monitoring of chassis components of rail vehicles

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method according to claim 1 the prologues of the track the trouble of a chassis component of the vehicle monitoring device, including at least one vibration sensor.

Background Art

Traffic the orbit vehicle obtained in the monitoring system for the chassis is of increasing importance. On the one hand, for reasons of security requirements from these monitoring system is to standardize or to conform to the specification. As an example here enumerated the following system, from their TS1 (used for International operability of the technical specification of a Eu) high-speed train in Europe on the requirements within the range of:

For derailing (on-Boad-System) detecting vehicular system,

The heat element used for detecting or identifying bearing damage to vehicle-mounted system,

Is used for the identification or damage the stability of the vehicle-mounted system for the identification of the damper.

On the other hand the use of chassis monitoring system to be used for the diagnosis and early identification damaged component, the critical condition or other fault, so as to achieve early and according to the state of the maintenance. At the same time the target are less parking time, and better utilization of the component so as to save cost.

In this way for example in ICE in (intercity fast train), used for identification is not stable operation of the system and of the new automatic running of a subway for derailing detection system. Common to these systems is, they only form and play the role of the function itself. Each of these systems have to use their own sensor.

In order to identify non-stability, is mounted on the framework of the bogie usually one or a plurality of sensors, in a determined frequency range measuring lateral acceleration (transverse to the running direction X) in more than one threshold value and an alarm signal is generated.

DE   101   45   433   C2 and EP   1   317   369 for described in the part of the track vehicle fault monitoring method and device, on the basis of acceleration value of the measurement, the device is fixedly arranged on the carriage up on the bracket of the device. Detection of the acceleration sensor in the direction parallel to the direction of travel there.

DE   199   53   677 for described in derail detection method and apparatus of an embodiment of the, direct evaluation of a here the bearing is arranged on the measurement signal of the acceleration sensor. Measurement twice integrating acceleration value and compared with a limit value. A single acceleration sensor has a vertical axis of the vehicle along the track direction (Z direction) of the detection direction extends. However, in accordance with the documents may also be using the acceleration sensor, with at the same time along the driving direction (X direction), transverse to the running direction (Y direction) and along the vertical axis (Z direction) in the direction of the detection direction. Such acceleration sensor relates to a so-called multiple sensor, i.e. its in fact includes at least two, here three acceleration sensor, wherein each along a detection direction measurement. However, with this kind of multiple sensor and to the configuration of the evaluation apparatus is relatively expensive.

Pneumatic monitoring device provides detection of another possibility of a derailment, the purely pneumatic operation of the monitoring device. This is the basis of the monitoring device of the UIC   541-08 "derailment of the vehicle detector". The device is under the upper compartment of the vehicle and at the same time monitoring vertical acceleration. As the sensor element to the use of a spring-mass vibrator, from a prescribed limit value thereof a pneumatic valve is opened.

In these systems, particularly in the instability identification and derail within the range of the detection function of the sensor device in the difficulty lies in the high costs, because the installation location of the different use a large number of a single sensor.

Content of the invention

With this relatively, the aim of the present invention, for further develop a part of the chassis of a rail vehicle to monitor the error of the device, as little as possible the, simple and low cost in view of this sensor, and nevertheless still providing the chassis part of a comprehensive monitoring. In addition to through a number of sensor and thus less cost of the laying of the outside to save the cost of the cable, also reduces the complexity of the technical equipment.

The purpose in accordance with the invention through the claim 1 to achieve the characteristic of the.

The invention is based on such a conception, in other words: for the orbit of a chassis component of the vehicle to monitor the error of the different functions such as identifying and derailing the opening states detecting the instability of the use of a common function of the sensor device. The sensor is a vibration sensor, in accordance with its in accordance with the arrangement of this invention can be along the track direction of the vehicle vertical axis (Z-direction) and transverse to the running direction (Y direction) or in the driving direction (X direction) detection. In this regard, in accordance with the present invention is provided with two options:

A) at least one vibration sensor is arranged on the rail vehicle bogie of the rail vehicle on the frame or of the bogie of the wheel set bearing of the shaft, which has a detection direction along the driving direction (X direction) perpendicular to the weight or a driving direction (Y direction) and at the same time the weight of the rail vehicle has a parallel to the vertical axis of the weight of the (Z direction).

B) to a configuration of the wheel set bearing of the shaft each of the vibration sensor, wherein a vibration sensor is arranged on the shaft on one of the wheel set bearing, detecting direction of which is parallel to the direction of travel thereof; and another vibration sensor is arranged at another of the shaft of the wheel set bearing, so that the detecting direction is parallel to the vertical axis of the rail vehicle.

The programme a) in, because the vibration sensor positioning of the inclination of the detection direction along the Z direction of the generated acceleration value and the transverse or longitudinal acceleration (Y and X direction) of the vector addition. Measuring the acceleration value is a Z direction and the Y direction or the X direction of the vector of the sum of the single acceleration value. The chassis has the value is not stable or derailment of the running state of the tendency of a measure has been formed. May additionally by the measured acceleration value of judging the frequency characteristic of a selective monitoring. Now outlet in different frequency bands on the coordinate axes different space of the vibration. The unstable state of the transverse and longitudinal directions along vertical axis than that along the trend towards more low frequencies. In case of derailment along the vertical axis through the high frequency components a monitoring criteria. Through different from this evaluation of the frequency band of the targeted, selectively to the unstable driving state and derailing monitoring is possible.

If the angle of the detection direction in the plane of the corresponding 0° to 90° in the range of, but not including its border and 0 °, 90 °, along the direction of the (X, Y and Z direction) always there is a component. Especially preferably, the angle of the detection direction a to 10° in the range of 80°.

Thereby it is possible, using only a single vibration sensor is always perpendicular to each other of the two detecting direction (Z direction and the Y direction or Z direction and the X direction). Therefore, by utilizing only one vibration sensor on the steering rack or a shaft through the transverse or longitudinal acceleration monitoring can be made of the note with regard to possible along the vertical axis and the direction of monitoring the acceleration of the at the same time on can be made a description of possible derailment tendency.

Only only through each of the bogie of the vibration sensor, is used for manufacturing the vibration sensor, the cost of installation and laying cable is minimal.

In accordance with scheme b), to each of the axle of the bogie of a wheel set bearing vibration sensor. The two sides of the to a shaft of the two vibration sensor is detecting directions respectively perpendicular to each other, that is, along the direction of travel (X direction) in the direction of and along the vertical axis (Z direction). Take this by the acceleration signal of the vibration sensor can be implemented equally the evaluation of derailment detection and instability identification function. Because for each wheel set bearing configuration each of the vibration sensor, the monitoring of the bearing can be carried out at the same time, because in the in the area of the wheel set bearing of excessive vibration within the region for displaying the fault.

Another axle of the bogie are preferably on the detection direction of the left and right side on the contrary the same is provided. On bogie produce respectively the diagonal line of each shaft of the same to the detecting direction of the observation. The presence of each bogie with two each for respectively detecting direction of the same and therefore the vibration sensor, the detection direction of the corresponding redundant.

In a wheel set bearing to a combination of a vibration sensor in the form of two times of the sensor, is used for the two detection direction, such as for example in DE   199   53   677   C1 described in, and the above-mentioned scheme different is, produce chassis part of a comprehensive monitoring quality, because monitoring each wheel set bearing. The first has to pay a fee is not high, because for each wheel set bearing configuration only a single vibration sensor.

Apart from the identification and derailing detecting the instability of the monitoring function, the device of the invention by appropriate method and corresponding evaluation of the evaluation electronic device can also realize the monitoring and diagnosis of a function of the other. For example, in the sensor device is arranged in the bogie frame, monitoring directly on the frame part of the added, such as the steering gear, the guide sleeve or frame itself is possible.

Particularly in vibration sensor directly mounted in or on the wheel set bearing in the wheel set bearing housing can be envisaged when the additional monitoring and diagnosis of a function, such as for example flat the position recognition, the recognition of the bearing damage to the shaft or the wheel and the wheel itself or damage in the detection.

The from the measures cited in claim, in all the independent claim of the present invention illustrated in the further and favourable improvement is possible.

Particularly preferably, in accordance with a programme) the vibration sensor is in a detection direction perpendicular to a shaft of the bogie and on the plane of the vertical axis (Z direction) and on a parallel to the axis of the driving direction (X direction) has the angle of 45°. Because in this case each of the component parts of the is always the same size, or the frame of the wheel set bearing longitudinal vibration and vertical vibration generating preferably of equal signal.

Furthermore, the vibration sensor can be in the detection direction perpendicular to the direction of travel relative to the vertical axis and in a plane (Z direction) and with respect to a perpendicular to the axis of the driving direction (X direction) has the angle of 45 °, in this case the frame of the wheel set bearing or the transverse and vertical vibration generating equal signal.

Particularly preferably, in accordance with a programme) of the further form, in a two-wheel group of one only of the bearing are arranged on the wheel set bearing a vibration sensor. When the vibration sensor is in a detection direction perpendicular to the shaft and relative to the plane of the vertical axis and relative to a parallel to the axis of the direction of travel is preferably has the angle of 45 °, the same may, by a vibration sensor on the measuring signal of the derailing tendency and stability of the chassis are made a description of the state. If for example the vertical axis of rotation relative to the bogie is diagonal line of the vibration sensor, two such, the additional generating a redundant measurement. This can improve the reliability of the monitoring device.

Preferably, in this scheme the vibration sensor and a pulse transmitter are combined. Integrated the application of the sensor to reduce the sensor installation and the cost of laying cable, the sensor is an electronic monitoring device provides a signal and the additional detection such as for a anti-slip device for the shaft speed.

In order to on the manufacturing and installation cost and the cost of laying cable reduced to a minimum, in accordance with scheme b) a further form, a shaft of the wheel set bearing is arranged only a single vibration sensor. These vibration sensor are preferably arranged in the bogie of each shaft of the wheel set bearing, the direction of travel of the various vibration sensor in the detection direction alternately on each vehicle side. Therefore the vertical axis of rotation relative to the bogie is with the same detection direction of the vibration sensor. Produces a favourable redundant, failure of the monitoring device for safety.

Preferably, in this scheme will also at least a vibration sensor and a pulse transmitter are combined, the advantages of the the above obtained. The combined can be also integrated in the sensor a temperature sensor, is used for measuring a wheel set bearing of the present in the temperature of the bearing. On such a combined sensor integrated programme see DE   10   2005   010   118.

In particular for a chassis element of a device to monitor the error of the at least one electronic evaluation device can be a railway vehicle anti-skid system and/or the brake control system of the combined component, such as similarly described for DE   10   2005   010   118 in.

The obtained the following description of the embodiment of a more detailed description.

Description of drawings

Shown in the following on the drawings and in the following description of that represents in more detail the embodiment of the invention. Wherein:

Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of the of a bogie, copy comprises a pressing of the 1st embodiment of the invention for a rail vehicle failure monitoring of a chassis component part of the device;

Fig. 2 shows fig. 1 of a schematic end view of the bogie;

Figure 3 shows a schematic top view of the of a bogie, copy comprises a pressing of the invention in the form of another implementation for rail vehicles of failure monitoring of a chassis component part of the device;

Figure 4 show Figure 3 indicate the view of the bogie of the end face of the;

Figure 5 shows a schematic top view of the of a bogie, copy comprises a pressing of the invention in the form of another implementation for rail vehicles of failure monitoring of a chassis component part of the device;

Figure 6 show Figure 5 indicate the view of the bogie of the end face of the;

Fig. 7 a is shown in accordance with Figure 5 and Figure 6 in the form of the implementation for a rail vehicle to monitor the error of the chassis element of a schematic circuit diagram of the device.

Mode of execution

Figure 1 a bogie shown in 1 a schematic top view, copy comprises a pressing of the 1st embodiment of the invention for a rail vehicle fault of a chassis component of the monitoring device 2 a part of.

Bogie 1 of the carriage relative to a not shown, around a vertical rotating shaft 36 which is rotatably disposed and includes a bogie frame 4, by means of the same is also not shown, is not important for the present invention because the secondary spring system supports on the carriage of the vehicle the track.

Bogie frame 4 on the other hand by a primary spring device is supported on the four wheel set bearing housing 6, 8, 10, 12 the upper, in which a wheel set bearing the 14, 16, 18 and 20, is used to support a shaft 22, 24, the shaft supporting two on the end surface of the wheel 26. Bogie 1 there are two shaft a total of 22, 24.

In order to control truck 1 and its part 2 to 20 is used for fault monitoring device 2, which in the Figure 1 and Figure 2 can be seen only in a vibration sensor 28.

The vibration sensor 28 is arranged in the bogie steering member 4 is, passed through the a-arrow 30 is provided with a detecting direction of the said parallel to the vertical axis (Z direction) of the component and a along the direction of travel of the component (X direction) perpendicular to the track or the direction of travel of the vehicle the weight of (Y direction). Preferably for example, the acceleration sensor and a vibration sensor 28 detecting direction of the 30 is provided with a perpendicular to the driving direction (Y direction) and at the same time the weight of the rail vehicle has a parallel to the vertical axis of the weight of the (Z direction), such as special by fig. 2 can be seen.

In this case, because the vibration sensor 28 detecting direction of the 30 along the orientation of the inclination of the Z and the acceleration value in the direction along the Y direction (lateral acceleration) of the adding of the vector of acceleration values. Through in Figure 7 shown in the evaluation electronic device 32 by a vibration sensor 28 calculate the current of the measurement signal of the Z direction and the Y direction along the acceleration value, and the tendency of derailment of the bogie (along the measuring signal of the Z direction) and/or having an unstable running state such as excessive swaging (along the measuring signal of the Y direction) to form a measurement.

Furthermore, for each shaft 22, 24 is disposed a known pulse transmitter 34, used for rotational speed measurement, it is preferably arranged in the configuration of the wheel set bearing housing 6, 8 or by using its own housing flange is connected to a such a bearing housing.

Particularly preferably, in accordance with Figure 1 and Figure 2 the form of the implementation of the vibration sensor 28 detecting direction of the 30 is in a perpendicular to the driving direction (X direction) and in a plane with respect to the vertical axis (Z direction) and with respect to a perpendicular to the axis of the running direction (Y direction) with a preferred angle of 45°. Along these axis because the component in this case is always of the same size, the frame 1 the transverse and vertical vibration generating preferably of equal signal.

Or vibration sensor 28 detecting direction of the 30 may be at a perpendicular to the bogie shaft 22, 24 in the plane of, and relative to the vertical axis (Z direction) and relative to the running direction (X direction) with a preferably the angle of 45°. In this case the frame 1 in the longitudinal and vertical vibration generating equal signal.

In accordance with Figure 3 and Figure 4 embodiment, on a shaft 22, 24 of the two wheel group of bearing 16 and 20 and 14 and 18 of a wheel set bearing the only 16, 18 is provided with a vibration sensor on the 28 [...]. When the two vibration sensor 28 the detecting direction of the [...] the 30 [...] directional and is the same in a vertical of the bogie 1 shaft 22, 24 and relative to the plane of the vertical axis (Z direction) and relative to a parallel to the axis of the driving direction (X direction) preferably has the angle of 45 °, can be provided by each of the vibration sensor 28 the made [...] on the measuring signal of the derailing tendency and stability of the chassis the state of equal. Particularly preferred, as shown in Figure 3 is shown in, the shaft 22, 24 of the two vibration sensor 28 the relative to the bogie [...] 1 the vertical rotating shaft 36 is of diagonal line. In this embodiment each of the vibration sensor 28 the additional [...] with the one used for the wheel speed determination of the pulse transmitter 34 with a combination of a sensor 38.

In the Figure 5 and Figure 6 embodiment, the bogie 1 each wheel set bearing of 14 to 20 disposed a vibration sensor 28 the [...] , wherein the vibration sensor 28 the in the corresponding shaft [...] 24, 22 of a wheel set bearing 16 or 18 are arranged on, the detection direction of the 30 [...] parallel to the driving direction (X direction); and another vibration sensor 28 the in the corresponding shaft [...] 22, 24 of a wheel set bearing the other 14 or 20 is set to on, so that the detection direction of the 30 parallel to the track [...] vertical axis of the vehicle (the direction Z). According to this the bogie 1 of the corresponding shaft 22, 24 of the two vibration sensor 28 the detecting direction of the [...] the 30 are [...] to each other and perpendicular to the driving direction (X direction) and the vertical axis direction (Z direction). Thus preferred relative to the bogie 1 the axis of rotation 36 is with the same detection direction of the 30 the vibration sensor [...] the 28 [...].

Preferably, in this scheme will also at least one vibration sensor 28 the [...] with a pulse transmitter 34 combined into a combined sensor 38, that the advantages of the above obtained. It can also in the combination sensor 38 integrated in a temperature sensor 39, is used for measuring the bearing 14 to 20 of the present in the temperature of the bearing.

In all embodiment, preferably only a single, that is, a detection direction only along the 30, the 30 [...] and 30 the functioning [...] the same types of vibration sensor 28, the 28 [...] , the 28 [...].

Figure 7 shown in an anti-skid protection system for protecting an electronic device of the 40 integrated in the device 2 of the evaluation electronic device 32, for high as 200 kilometer per hour in a speed adjustment comprises two bogie 42, 44 of the passenger train between the wheels and the track of the most good slip, evaluation electronic device 32 via a sensor wire 46 on the wheel set bearing and the corresponding combined sensor 38 is in signal transmitting connection. Passenger train carriage preferably each wheel set bearing is equipped with a combined sensor 38, is used for measuring a wheel speed (pulse transmitter), wheel bearing temperature (temperature sensor) and the corresponding detection direction of the 30 [...] wheel acceleration (a single acceleration sensor). These sensor 38 is input to the central of the measuring signal of the evaluation electronic device 32 and where the evaluation. On the whole, by means of a combined sensor 38 monitoring function, the following can be realized:

Rolling monitoring (identifying non-rotating wheel),

Heat and overheat member detection (monitoring the temperature of the wheel set bearing),

Identifying bearing damage through vibration measurement,

Stable operation of the non-recognition of damage or chassis in the vibration damper,

Derailing detection,

Flat position and is not round of detection of the wheel.

In addition for early identification of additional diagnostic function of the component is possible. The track sections can also be envisaged, in particular on rail damage diagnosis. Via the input-output device 48 can realize the data input or output or display.

The Figure mark list

1   bogie

2   device

4   bogie frame

6   wheel set bearing housing

8   wheel set bearing housing

10   wheel set bearing housing

12   wheel set bearing housing

14   wheel set bearing

16   wheel set bearing

18   wheel set bearing

20   wheel set bearing

22   shaft

24   shaft

26   wheel

28, 28 the [...] , 28 the vibration sensor [...]

30, 30 the [...] , 30 the detecting direction [...]

32   evaluation electronic device

34   pulse transmitter

36   rotating shaft

38   combined sensor

39   temperature sensor

40   anti-skid protection of electronic device

42   bogie

44   bogie

46   sensor wire

48   input-output device