УСТРОЙСТВО МОНИТОРИНГА ПАЦИЕНТА ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ПАРАМЕТРА, ПРЕДСТАВЛЯЮЩЕГО ОБЪЕМ ВНУТРИГРУДНОГО ОТДЕЛА ТЕЛА ПАЦИЕНТА

Изобретение относится к медицинской технике, а именно к средствам мониторинга пациента. Устройство содержит вычислительные средства считывания данных с датчика, представляющих, по меньшей мере, одну физическую величину, измеренную в предварительно определенном положении сердечно-сосудистой системы пациента в виде функции от времени, и определения параметра, представляющего объем внутригрудного отдела с использованием данных с датчика. Устройство дополнительно содержит средство ввода индивидуальной информации о пациенте, содержащей информацию по категоризации и биометрическую информацию, а вычислительные средства дополнительно выполнены с возможностью отнесения пациента к категории пациентов, выбора, в зависимости от упомянутой категории пациентов, алгоритма из множества алгоритмов, пригодных для нормализации параметра объема внутригрудного отдела с использованием биометрической информации, и нормализации параметра. Алгоритмы представляют собой алгоритмы для определения условного веса или ...

Способ измерения артериального давления и устройство для его осуществления

Изобретение относится к медицинской технике. Устройство для измерения артериального давления содержит индикатор информации, датчик с чувствительным элементом и элемент передачи сигнала на индикатор информации. Элемент передачи сигнала на индикатор информации выполнен в виде многоканального волоконно-оптического преобразователя. Чувствительный элемент датчика выполнен в виде плоской круглой мембраны с отверстием, образующим гребенчатую форму. Мембрана имеет три гребня, представляющих собой упругие консоли, на каждой из которых выполнен точечный выступ, точечные выступы лежат на одной прямой под углом 45° к оси мембраны. Индикатор информации соединен с выходным концом многоканального волоконно-оптического преобразователя. Свободные концы каждой консоли чувствительного элемента мембраны связаны с приемными концами многоканального волоконно-оптического преобразователя. Датчик размещен в корпусе с возможностью позиционирования над лучевой артерией и его прижима к поверхности над ней. Технический ...

Способ определения показаний к хирургической декомпрессии при внутрибрюшной гипертензии у больных панкреонекрозом с сердечно-легочной коморбидностью

Изобретение относится к медицине, а именно к хирургии. Выполняют определение степени внутрибрюшной гипертензии, при выявлении III и IV степени внутрибрюшной гипертензии больным выполняется декомпрессивная лапаротомия. При этом у пациентов с I и II степенью внутрибрюшной гипертензии дополнительно определяют параметры сердечной и легочной деятельности. Полученные значения сравнивают со значением каждого из параметров, полученных в первые сутки при поступлении в стационар, и при ухудшении значений хотя бы трех из найденных параметров от значений, полученных в первые сутки при поступлении в стационар, принимают решение о необходимости хирургической декомпрессии. Способ позволяет повысить эффективность лечения больных панкреонекрозом с сердечно-легочной коморбидностью, осложненным внутрибрюшной гипертензией. 2 пр.

УСТРОЙСТВО И СПОСОБ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПАРАМЕТРА

... 1. Устройство для определения, по меньшей мере, одного физиологического параметра пациента, при этом упомянутое устройство содержит: ! устройство датчика, выполненное с возможностью обеспечения показаний кровяной переменной упомянутого пациента, ! средство памяти для хранения упомянутых показаний в виде кривой, представляющей упомянутую переменную по времени t, ! средства оценки, выполненные с возможностью определения среднего значения по упомянутой кривой и определения упомянутого, по меньшей мере, одного физиологического параметра с использованием упомянутого среднего значения, ! отличающееся тем, что ! упомянутые средства оценки дополнительно выполнены с возможностью ! определения, по меньшей мере, чего-то одного из спектральной плотности S(ω) упомянутой кривой и дисперсии упомянутой кровяной переменной, ! определения, по меньшей мере, одного моделирующего параметра, представляющего собой эффективное значение сердечного сокращения, с использованием упомянутого среднего значения и, по ...

Способ измерения артериального давления и устройство для его осуществления

System zum patientenspezifischen Modellieren von Blutfluss

System zum Bestimmen von kardiovaskulären Informationen für einen Patienten, wobei das System Folgendes umfasst: wenigstens ein Computersystem, das konfiguriert ist, um: patientenspezifische Daten bezüglich einer Geometrie einer anatomischen Struktur des Patienten zu empfangen, wobei die anatomische Struktur wenigstens einen Abschnitt einer Mehrzahl an Koronararterien, die von einer Aorta ausgehen, beinhaltet; basierend auf den patientenspezifischen Daten ein dreidimensionales Modell zu erzeugen, das einen ersten Abschnitt der anatomischen Struktur repräsentiert, wobei der erste Abschnitt der anatomischen Struktur wenigstens den Abschnitt der Mehrzahl an Koronararterien beinhaltet; wenigstens teilweise basierend auf einer Masse oder einem Volumen des Myokardgewebes ein physikbasiertes Modell bezüglich einer Blutflusseigenschaft im ersten Abschnitt der anatomischen Struktur zu erzeugen; und wenigstens teilweise basierend auf dem dreidimensionalen Modell und dem physikbasierten Modell eine ...

Vorrichtung zur Messung des Herzzeitvolumens

VERFAHREN ZUR BESTIMMUNG DES SCHLAGVOLUMENS UND DES HERZZEITVOLUMENS DES MENSCHLICHEN HERZES.

VORRICHTUNG ZUR MESSUNG DER IMPEDANZ VON BLUTGEFÄSSEN

Implantable medical apparatus with electrical stimulation unit, e.g. responding to sleep apnea, has position sensor connected with signal input of sleep detector unit to modify operation according to inclination

The Medical apparatus for body implantation including an electrical stimulation unit providing an electrical signal indicating sleep apnea, a sleep detector unit, an apnea detector unit which gives an apnea signal, a therapy unit connected to the stimulation, sleep detector, and apnea detector units, which gives at least one apnea signal, sending therapy information for prevention and/or treatment of sleep apnea, which is sent to the stimulation unit. Independent claims are included for: (1) a home monitoring system including a medical implantation device and a mobile patient application device connected to it; and (2) a patient supervision system including a device which can be connected to the apparatus and a central service center for transfer of patient data via a network system to the mobile patient application device .

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung des Herzzeitvolumens oder des totalen peripheren Widerstandes

VORRICHTUNG ZUR TRENDANALYSE EINES PHYSIOLOGISCHEN HERZPARAMETERS

A method for the measurement of post arteriolar pressure

Haemodynamic monitor with improved filtering

A hemodynamic monitor and method of hemodynamic monitoring

DIAGNOSTIC CATHETER FOR MONITORING CARDIAC OUTPUT

System,method and device for predicting sudden cardiac death risk

A system and method for predicting sudden cardiac death. The system includes a patient monitoring station, a Holter analysis workstation, and a hospital information network. The Holter analysis workstation being operative to apply a plurality of data analysis algorithms to create a sudden cardiac death report. The method applies a first data analysis technique and a second data analysis technique to electrocardiographic data to produce an indication of sudden cardiac death risk.

A method, apparatus and program

The present application discloses adjusting a parameter, the parameter being used to derive a physiological characteristic of an individual from an image of the user. Adjusting the parameter comprises obtaining the parameter for the individual, obtaining a corresponding parameter for a plurality of other individuals within a cohort of the individual and comparing 10174 the parameter for the individual with a statistically significant parameter for the plurality of other individuals. The parameter for the individual is adjusted 10176 in accordance with the difference between the parameter for the individual and the statistically significant parameter for the plurality of other individuals. The physiological characteristic may be a vital sign such as heart rate, breathing rate heart rate variability or oxygen saturation. The parameter which is adjusted may be a parameter which was initially determined in a calibration. The statistically significant parameter may be an average such as a mean ...

Measurement of cardiac first phase ejection fraction

Fluid delivery system

A fluid delivery system 100 comprising a fluid source 130, a pump 120 arranged to deliver fluid from the fluid source 130 to a patient 140, a sensor 150 configured to measure a physiological parameter associated with the patient during fluid delivery, and a controller 170 configured to control operation of the pump 120. The controller 170 receives from the sensor 150 a plurality of measurements of the physiological parameter, generating curve data that is dependent on the plurality of measurements of the physiological parameter. The curve data is compared with predetermined curve data and a control signal 180 generated based on said comparison. The control signal 180 is output to the pump 120 to control the delivery of fluid from the fluid source 130 to the patient 140. The fluid to be delivered may be saline, delivered for the treatment of shock, and the physiological parameter may be cardiac output. The controller 170 may be configured to predict a fluid responsiveness of the patient, ...

DIREKTANZEIGENDES EQUIPMENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE CARDIAC OUTPUT AFTER THE THERMODILUTIONSMETHODE

TREATMENT OF CERVIX CANCER

DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE REGULATION OF ESTIMATED VALUES OF THE HEART IMPACT VOLUME AND THE CARDIAC OUTPUT

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BESTIMMUNG DES HERZZEITVOLUMENS

In a method for determining cardiac output from an arterial blood pressure curve measured at the periphery, in which the blood pressure curve measured at the periphery is arithmetically transformed into the corresponding central blood pressure curve and the cardiac output is calculated from the central blood pressure curve, the transformation of the blood pressure curve measured at the periphery into the corresponding central blood pressure curve is performed by the aid of an artificial neural network whose weighting values are determined by learning.

DEVICE FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE HÄMODYNAMI CONDITION OF A PERSON OF MEANS HEART LUNG INTERACTION

IMPROVED DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF THE CARDIAC OUTPUT

NICHTINVASIVE REGULATION OF CARDIAC OUTPUT, PULMONAREN FLOW OF BLOOD AND BLOOD GAS CONTENT

COMBINED CATHETER SYSTEM FOR A INTRAAORTALE BLOOD PUMP AND FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE CARDIAC OUTPUT OF MEANS THERMODILUTION

EQUIPMENT, COMPUTER PROGRAMME AND ZENTRALVENENKATHETER FOR HÄMODYNAMI MONITORING

Method and system for assessing a coronary stenosis

A non-invasive computer-based method and system for assessing a coronary stenosis or other blockage in an artery or other vasculature includes creating a computational model of the vasculature of interest, modeling blood flow through the vasculature, and determining the mean residence time through a given coronary artery segment, which is a direct assessment of physiological changes on the flow of blood as a result of the stenosis. In some embodiments, blood is modeled as a multi-phase fluid.

Blood flow rate measurement system

A blood flow rate measurement system measures fluid flow rate in a blood vessel (106) having a catheter-based heart pump (100) inserted therein, without relying on measurements of electric current drawn by a motor that drives the heart pump (100). A turbine (200) is disposed at or near a distal end of the heart pump catheter (202). Blood or other fluid flowing through the blood vessel (106) urges blades (204) of the turbine (200) to rotate. The turbine (200) is mechanically coupled to a signal generator (400), which generates a signal (404) indicative of a rotational speed of the turbine (200), which is dependent, at least in part, on speed of the fluid flowing through the blood vessel (106). A tachometer (412), external to the body of the patient, calculates the blood flow rate from the rotational speed of the turbine (200). In some cases, the blades (204) are collapsible, to reduce diameter of the turbine (200), thereby facilitating insertion of the system into the blood vessel (106).

Dynamic control of heart failure therapy

Dynamic control of heart failure therapy

Systems and methods for monitoring and treating patients with heart failure (HF) are discussed. The system may sense cardiac signals, and receives information about patient physiological or functional conditions. A stimulation parameter table that includes recommended values of atrioventricular delay (AVD) or other timing parameters maybe created at a multitude of patient physiological or functional conditions. The system may periodically reassess patient physiological or functional conditions. A therapy programmer circuit may dynamically switch between left ventricular-only pacing and biventricular pacing, or switch between single site pacing and multisite pacing based on the patient condition. The therapy programmer circuit may adjust AVD and other timing parameters using the cardiac signal input and the stored stimulation parameter table. A HF therapy may be delivered according to the determined stimulation site, stimulation mode, and the stimulation timing.

Biologically safe heated cardiac output monitor

Method and apparatus for dynamically correlating neurological and cardiovascular parameters and for diagnosing and treating patients using the same

Method, apparatus and system for predicting electromechanical dissociation

A method of predicting onset of electromechanical dissociation in a heart of a subject is disclosed. The method comprises: extracting from the composite input signal an electrocardiac signal and determining electrical activity of the heart based on the electrocardiac signal; extracting from the composite input signal a radiofrequency signal and determining blood flow measure based on the radiofrequency signal; and if the blood flow measure is below a predetermined threshold and the electrical activity is above a predetermined threshold, then predicting the onset of electromechanical dissociation.

HIGH RESOLUTION BIO-IMPEDANCE DEVICE

Method and system for monitoring hemodynamics

A system for monitoring hemodynamics of a subject is disclosed. The system comprises: a signal generating system configured for providing at least an output electric signal and transmitting the output signal to an organ of the subject. The system also comprises a demodulation system configured for receiving an input electrical signal sensed from the organ responsively to the output electric signal, and for modulating the input signal using the output signal to provide an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the input signal. The system also comprises a processing system configured for monitoring the hemodynamics based on the in-phase and the quadrature components.

Apparatus and method for non-invasive thoracic radio interrogation

Method and apparatus for continuous cardiac output monitoring

Method and system of determining cardiac contractility

Method and system for patient-specific modeling of blood flow

C:\Users\kll\AppData\Local\Temp12713 IDAOBAFC.DOCX-22 12/2015 Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Method and system for patient-specific modeling of blood flow

Abstract A system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient, the system comprising: at least one computer system configured to: receive patient specific data regarding a geometry of an anatomical structure of the patient; create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the anatomical structure of the patient based on the patient-specific data, the three-dimensional model representing at least one fluid flow inlet and at least one fluid flow outlet; create at least one boundary condition model representing fluid flow through at least one of the at least one inlet or the at least one outlet, based at least in part on modeling a condition of hyperemia; and determine first information regarding a blood flow characteristic within the anatomical structure of the patient based on the three dimensional model and the at least one boundary condition model. cCD Co co VC C C) C) f I co C, Loij 0~ u~ EtIt C3oI ...

Mapping catheter

Apparatus and methods of bioelectrical impedance analysis of blood flow

System and method for estimating cardiac output

Wideband external pulse cardiac monitor

Apparatus and methods of bioelectrical impedance analysis of blood flow

APPARATUS, COMPUTER SYSTEM AND COMPUTER PROGRAM FOR DETERMINING A CARDIO-VASCULAR PARAMETER

A computer system (104) is connected to an injection means (107) to inject at a first place (101) a bolus warmer or colder than patient's blood. The travelling temperature deviation thus introduced to the patient's vascular system (103) passes the pulmonary circulation (111), where an extravascular thermovolume (112) may be present. When the temperature deviation reaches the second place (102), where blood temperature is measured by a sensor device (117) connected to the computer system (104), it is recorded as Thermodilution Curve (15), from which the computer system (104) determines an extravascular thermovolume estimate. Depending on that result the computer system (104) calculates a new amount of bolus to be injected by the injection means (107). The higher the extravascular thermovolume estimate, the higher the new amount of bolus. The new travelling temperature deviation thus introduced to patient's vascular system (103) eventually reaches the second place (102), where it is recorded ...

CONTINUOUS CARDIAC OUTPUT BY IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS IN THE HEART

CONTINUOUS CARDIAC OUTPUT BY IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS IN THE HEART A diagnostic catheter for use in measuring cardiac output in the right ventricular chamber of a heart includes a catheter body having an outer periphery and a distal section terminating in a distal end and a proximal section terminating in a proximal end. A plurality of spaced electrodes are secured to the body outer periphery along the body distal section. A plurality of electrical leads extend in the catheter body from a respective one of the electrodes to the proximal end of the catheter body. An elongated rigid member is provided for stiffening a portion of the catheter body. One end of the rigid member is located adjacent a proximal most one of a plurality of electrodes. The rigid member so locates the plurality of electrodes as to space them away from endocardial tissue. The catheter is used with a cardiac output monitoring system. Signals from the catheter are acquired by a signal conditioning and catheter control unit ...

BLOOD FLOW MEASUREMENT BY THERMODILUTION

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION

The systems and methods described herein determine metrics of cardiac or vascular performance, such as cardiac output, and can use the metrics to determine appropriate levels of mechanical circulatory support to be provided to the patient. The systems and methods described determine cardiac performance by determining aortic pressure measurements (or other physiologic measurements) within a single heartbeat or across multiple heartbeats and using such measurements in conjunction with flow estimations or flow measurements made during the single heartbeat or multiple heartbeats to determine the cardiac performance, including determining the cardiac output. By utilizing a mechanical circulatory support system placed within the vasculature, the need to place a separate measurement device within a patient is reduced or eliminated. The system and methods described herein may characterize cardiac performance without altering the operation of the heart pump (e.g., without increasing or decreasing ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION USING SLEEP PHYSIOLOGY

The claimed invention comprises software methods for user continuity and physiological state change assessments through generating biometric profiles of individuals and/or groups of individuals by using physiological input together with biomathematical modeling and machine learning techniques. Intra-individual variation in physiological variables including, but not limited to: heart rate, heart rate variability, pulse waveform and its derivatives, blood pressure, breathing rate, cardiopulmonary coupling, actigraphy and circadian rhythms characteristics, are exploited.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPROVED PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING

A system and method for monitoring a subject are presented. The system includes a sensing device including at least one magnetic source to generate a magnetic field and an array of magnetic sensors disposed within the magnetic field. The sensor array obtains a plurality of magnetic field measurements at a plurality of locations along a vessel carrying a fluid including one or more magnetic particles. Further, the system includes a processing subsystem communicatively coupled to the sensing device, where the processing subsystem determines variations in the measurements caused by magnetization-relaxation of the magnetic particles based on a coupled model that defines behavior of the fluid in the varying magnetic field based on principles of magnetization-relaxation, bulk motion of the magnetic particles towards a determined gradient of the magnetic field, magnetostatics, and conservation of momentum. The processing subsystem estimates values of one or more desired parameters based on the ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING DATA FROM AMBULATORY PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING

This invention provides methods and systems for the analysis of data returned from monitoring multiple physiological parameters of a subject, especially from ambulatory multiple parameter monitoring. The methods and systems remove motion artifacts from signals and separate multiple components of single signals due to two or more physiological systems or processes. Each output signal is are preferably free from motion artifacts and reflects primarily functioning of only a single physiological system or process.

AIRWAY-BASED CARDIAC OUTPUT MONITOR AND METHODS FOR USING SAME

A respiratory gas analyzer (10) for measuring the cardiac output of a subject includes a flow meter (14) and an oxygen sensor (16) interconnected with one another between a mouthpiece (12) and a source of respiratory gases which may be a controlled source or the atmosphere. An oximeter (26) provides measurements of the oxygen saturation of the subject. A computer connected to receive the signals from the flow meter (14), oxygen sensor (16), and oximeter (26) can then calculate the subject's cardiac output.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MONITORING HEMODYNAMICS

A system for monitoring hemodynamics of a subject is disclosed. The system comprises: a signal generating system configured for providing at least an output electric signal and transmitting the output signal to an organ of the subject. The system also comprises a demodulation system configured for receiving an input electrical signal sensed from the organ responsively to the output electric signal, and for modulating the input signal using the output signal to provide an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the input signal. The system also comprises a processing system configured for monitoring the hemodynamics based on the in-phase and the quadrature components.

DEPENDENCY-BASED STARTUP IN A MULTI-MODALITY MEDICAL SYSTEM

A dependency-based startup method in a multi-modality medical processing system that includes receiving initialization information about a plurality of executable components to be started, the plurality of executable components including an executable modality component configured to communicate with a medical device communicatively coupled to the multi-modality medical processing system. The method also includes receiving dependency information about the executable modality component, the dependency information identifying one or more of the executable components upon which the executable modality component depends and transforming the initialization information and the dependency information into a dependency map that represents the dependencies between the plurality of executable components. Further, the method includes deriving a start order for the plurality of executable components based on the dependency map and starting the plurality of executable components in the multi-modality ...

HEATED CATHETER FOR MONITORING CARDIAC OUTPUT

A heated catheter for monitoring cardiac output. Displaced from a distal end of a heated catheter (30) is a resistive heater (32) that heats blood flowing within a heart muscle (10). The resistive heat er is mounted on the catheter so that when the catheter is inserted into the heart, the resistive heater is disposed in the right ventricle. A temperature sensor (34) is disposed downstream of the resistive heater, in or proximate the pulmonary artery during use. A differential amplifier (40, 70) provides an electrical current to the resistive heater that varies as a function of the difference between the temperature of the resistive heater, measured by a temperature sensor (35), and a predetermined temperature. In another embodiment of the invention, a resistive heater (90) has a resistance that varies with temperature. The resistive heater comprise s one arm of a bridge circuit (85). A differential ampli- fier (110) provides an electrical current to the bridge circuit in response to the ...

CARDIAC OUTPUT PROBE ASSEMBLY

A cardiac output probe assembly (10) is disclosed wherein the assembly includes a chest tube (12) which carries a cardiac output probe (14) therein. The chest tube (12) includes a main lumen (40) fo r draining fluids from the thoracic cavity of the chest and a secondary lumen (18) which carries leads (24) attached to the probe (14). The probe (14) is attached to the pulmonary artery or aorta vessel with detachable tines (52) and/or sutures. The tines (52) ar e uniquely configured to ensure that good contact between the probe (14) and vessel is maintained. When cardiac output monitoring is complete, a pulling force is applied to the probe leads (24) extending out through a proximal end (18) of the tube (12). The pulling force detaches the tines (52) and sutures, releasing the probe (14) from connection with the vessel. Further withdrawal of the leads (24) through the tube (12) retracts the probe (14) within the tube (12), where it is housed until the tube (12) is removed from the thoracic ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NON-INVASIVE MONITORING DYNAMIC CARDIAC PERFORMANCE

A method and apparatus for monitoring the cardiac output of living subjects. Carotid pulse waveforms and femoral pulse waveforms are measured and converted to digitized signals. The carotid pulse signal or waveform is applied as a voltage to the simulated aorta circuit and the circuit component values varied to develop a waveform output best matching the femoral pulse electrical waveform. Dsk. 19 ...

IMPLANTABLE SENSOR AND SYSTEM FOR MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL OF BLOOD CONSTITUENT LEVELS

This invention is an implantable sensor and system capable of measuring, controlling, monitoring and reporting blood constituent levels. The implantable sensor (14) for sensing in vivo the level of at least one blood constituent in mammalian vascular tissue (20, 24) having at least one source of radiation from infrared through visible light, arranged to direct the radiation at the tissue where it is affected by interaction with the tissue, and at least one detector. The invention also encompasses a device for measuring and controlling the level of a blood constituent, such as glucose or oxygen, and includes an implantable infrared source and sensor module for generating an output signal representative of the sensed infrared radiation. The system includes a processor module responsive to the output signal which performs spectral analysis of the output signal and generates a control signal. The system further includes other devices for dispensing (16) doses of medications or controlling organ ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION

An elongate probe for providing irradiation treatment of the heart, said probe having a distal end for engaging heart tissue of a subject, including a waveguide, which conveys radiation to the heart tissue; and a sensor, adjacent the distal end of the probe, which generates signals for use in controlling the treatment.

METHOD FOR VELOCITY COMPONENT VECTOR MAPPING

An elongate probe apparatus (20) for insertion into the body of a subject, comprising: a structure (24) having a substantially rigid configuration; a plurality of physiological sensors (26, 28, 30), which generate signals responsive to a physiological activity, said sensors (26, 28, 30)having substantially fixed positions on said structure (24) in said configuration; and one or more devices that generate position signals indicative of the positions of the physiological sensors on said structure in said configuration.

IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF CARDIAC OUTPUT

A method for the measurement of cardiac output in a patient in which the arterial blood pressure waveform of a patient from a blood pressure monitoring device over a period of time is subjected to various transformations and corrections, including a Fourier analysis in order to obtain the modulus of the first harmonic. The nominal stroke volume is then determined from the first harmonic and data relating to the arterial blood pressure and heart rate. The nominal cardiac output is then obtained from the nominal stroke volume.

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ НЕИНВАЗИВНЫХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ ПАРАМЕТРОВ РАБОТЫ СЕРДЦА

Представлены способ и система для получения оценки по меньшей мере одного кардиального параметра индивидуума. На тело индивидуума накладывают комплект электродов с тем, чтобы приложить к телу электрическое поле и сформировать электрические выходные сигналы, характеризующие изменение систолического импеданса и скорости этого изменения во время сердечного цикла. Предусмотрено также получение дополнительных данных, по меньшей мере, характеризующих следующие параметры или состояние индивидуума: значение полного периферического сопротивления (TPR), значение сердечного индекса (Cl) и наличие состояния острой сердечной недостаточности (OCH). Эти дополнительные данные анализируют, чтобы определить, удовлетворяют ли значение TPR первому заданному условию и/или значение Cl второму заданному условию и/или выявлено ли состояние ОСН. С учетом этого определения используют данные, соответствующие измеренным электрическим сигналам, для селективного вычисления по меньшей мере одного кардиального параметра ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ НЕИНВАЗИВНЫХ ИЗМЕРЕНИЙ ПАРАМЕТРОВ РАБОТЫ СЕРДЦА

Представлены способ и система для получения оценки по меньшей мере одного кардиального параметра индивидуума. На тело индивидуума накладывают комплект электродов с тем, чтобы приложить к телу электрическое поле и сформировать электрические выходные сигналы, характеризующие изменение систолического импеданса и скорости этого изменения во время сердечного цикла. Предусмотрено также получение дополнительных данных, по меньшей мере, характеризующих следующие параметры или состояние индивидуума: значение полного периферического сопротивления (TPR), значение сердечного индекса (CI) и наличие состояния острой сердечной недостаточности (ОСН). Эти дополнительные данные анализируют, чтобы определить, удовлетворяют ли значение TPR первому заданному условию и/или значение CI второму заданному условию и/или выявлено ли состояние ОСН. С учетом этого определения используют данные, соответствующие измеренным электрическим сигналам, для селективного вычисления по меньшей мере одного кардиального параметра ...

System and method for estimating cardiac output

THERMODILUTION DEVICE

determinação automática de um parámetro cardiovascular baseada na pressão arterial

Method and device for the time-resolved measurement of characteristic variables of the cardiac function

Método e sistema para determinação da relação pressão volume do coração

MIKROPROVTAGARE

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR USING DISTRIBUTED ELECTROMAGNETIC (EM) TISSUE(S) MONITORING

A system for monitoring at least one biological tissue of a patient during a period of at least 24 hours. The system comprises an implantable intrabody probe and an extrabody probe which propagate an electromagnetic (EM) signal, using an antenna, via at least one tissue therebetween, in a plurality of sessions during a period of at least 24 hours, a processing unit which analyses the EM signal to detect a change in at least one biological parameter of the at least one tissue, and an output unit which outputs the change.

DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE DECOUPLING

Methods for monitoring central-to-peripheral arterial pressure decoupling, i.e., hyperdynamic or vasodilation conditions are described. These methods involve the comparison of parameters such as impedance, compliance, and pressure that can be determined from flow and pressure measurements at central aortic and peripheral arterial locations. The relationship between the parameters at the central aortic and peripheral arterial locations provides an indication of central-to-peripheral arterial pressure decoupling. These methods can be alert a user that a subject is experiencing central-to-peripheral arterial pressure decoupling, which can enable a clinician to appropriately provide treatment to the subject.

PROBE FOR ASCERTAINING BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS

A probe (12) for use in a patient having a vessel carrying blood to ascertain characteristics of the blood having a cannula (13) adapted to be inserted into the vessel of the patient is provided. The cannula (13) has a length so that when the distal extremity (14b) is in the vessel of the patient the proximal extremity (14a) is accessible outside of the patient. A gas sensor assembly (41, 42, 52) is carried within the distal extremity (14b) of the cannula (13) for determining gas characteristics of the blood in the vessel. A pH sensor assembly (44) is carried within the distal extremity (14b) of the cannula (13) for determining the pH of the blood in the vessel. A pressure sensor assembly (43) is carried within the distal extremity (14b) of the cannula (13) for determining the pressure of the blood in the vessel.

HYPERSPECTRAL/MULTISPECTRAL IMAGING IN DETERMINATION, ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING OF SYSTEMIC PHYSIOLOGY AND SHOCK

The present invention provides a hyperspectral imaging system which demonstrates changes in tissue oxygen delivery, extraction and saturation during shock and resuscitation including an imaging apparatus for performing real-time or near real­time assessment and monitoring of shock, including hemorrhagic, hypovolemic, cardiogenic, neurogenic, septic or burn shock. The information provided by the hyperspectral measurement can deliver physiologic measurements that support early detection of shock and also provide information about likely outcomes.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING CARDIAC FUNCTION

A method for determining a physiologic characteristic associated with cardiac function in a subject comprising the steps of providing at least one electromagnetic radiation absorption measurement, providing demographic information reflecting the subject's physical condition, determining a temporal plethysmography value from the electromagnetic radiation absorption measurement, and determining at least one physiologic characteristic from the temporal plethysmographic value and demographic information by using a predetermined phenomenological model that is adapted to provide an estimate of a blood volume-time relationship proximate the heart and compute at least one physiologic characteristic associated with cardiac function based on the estimated blood volume-time relationship.

SHAPE SENSING DEVICES FOR REAL-TIME MECHANICAL FUNCTION ASSESSMENT OF AN INTERNAL ORGAN

A system and method for functioning organ assessment include a sensing enabled flexible device (102) having an optical fiber configured to sense induced strain continuously over a length of the flexible device. The flexible device includes a manipulation mechanism (105) configured to permit engagement with an interior wall of an organ over the length. An interpretation module(115) is configured to receive optical signals from the optical fiber between two phases of movement of the organ while the organ is functioning and to interpret the optical signals to quantify parameters associated with the functioning of the organ.

CONTINUOUS X-RAY IMAGE SCREENING EXAMINATION DEVICE, PROGRAM, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

By using the variation of pixel value in a lung of a chest radiographic moving image due to heart beat, the variation information on the pixel value is effectively used for diagnosis such as of a lung embolism or a heart disease, considering the variation information as lung blood flow information. In a continuous X-ray image screening examination device (1), a chest X-ray moving image is received from an X-ray detector (2), and an electrocardiogram used as the original information on a heart beat variation is received from an electrocardiograph (5). From the dynamic state of the wall of the heart measured by the electrocardiograph or the chest X-ray moving image, the heart dynamic state during the cardiac chamber systolic and diastolic phases is grasped, and information such as the variation of the pixel value of the chest X-ray moving image due to increase (lung blood flow increase) of the blood flow from the heart to the lung during the cardiac chamber systolic phase.

PULMONARY CAPNODYNAMIC METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS NON-INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF CARDIAC OUTPUT

This invention relates to a method and system for monitoring cardiac output of a subject. Described are a method and system for measuring effective pulmonary capillary blood flow (or non-shunt pulmonary blood flow) and total pulmonary blood flow (or cardiac output) on a continuous, breath-by-breath basis. Effective pulmonary capillary blood flow for a given breath is used to determine effective pulmonary capillary blood flow for a subsequent breath.

BLOOD WITHDRAWAL CANNULA OF A PUMP REPLACING OR ASSISTING ACTIVITY OF THE HEART

The invention relates to a blood withdrawal cannula (4) for connecting a pump (2) assisting or replacing activity of the heart to the inner volume of a heart ventricle (1), in particular the left ventricle. At the end thereof that is located in the ventricle the cannula has a pressure sensor (7a, 7b) for measuring the ventricle pressure and/or ventricle pressure differences and at the same end of the cannula has a volume sensor (3a, 3b, 5, 6) for measuring the volume and/or volume changes of the ventricle (1) in at least a partial region of the ventricle. The invention further relates to a measuring device for monitoring the ventricle contractions and/or the function of a pump replacing or assisting activity of the heart. The measuring device can be/is connected to the pressure sensor (7a, 7b) and to the volume sensor of a blood withdrawal cannula according to any one of the preceding claims and is designed to detect pressure changes and volume changes of a ventricle (1) as the heart is ...

CARDIAC OUTPUT ESTIMATION USING PULMONARY ARTERY PRESSURE

A system and method sense a pressure signal in a pulmonary artery and compute a stroke volume and cardiac output. A pressure signal is received from an implantable pressure sensor disposed in a pulmonary artery. The pressure signal includes a systolic period and a diastolic period for determining a heart rate (HR) and a heart cycle. An iteratively-updating model can relate pressure signal and HR to a stroke volume (SV) and a cardiac output (CO). The model extracts a mean pulse pressure (MPP) from the PAP signal and receives a patient-specific vascular resistance model parameter and a patient-specific arterial compliance model parameter. CO can be calculated using the HR, the PAP signal, and the model. The vascular resistance model parameter and the arterial compliance model parameter are iteratively updated using the output of the model.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MONITORING CARDIAC OUTPUT USING IMPEDANCE OF BOTH HANDS

The present invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring a cardiac output using the impedance of both hands, and aims to measure the cardiac output through the impedance change of every cardiac cycle and to obtain high-resolution evaluation data on the function of the circulatory system using hand-grip electrodes. To this end, the present invention provides a device for monitoring a cardiac output using the impedance of both hands, the device comprising: a current supplying unit, which generates an in vivo electric impedance by leading-in a current to an area to be measured using each of the hand-grip type current electrodes; an ICG detection unit, which detects ICG data based on the changes of the in vivo electric impedance by measuring the potential difference, caused by the current lead-in in the area to be measured, using each of voltage electrodes; a main control unit, which controls the operation of the ICG detection unit and extracts from ICG data a parameter for an ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRENDING A PHYSIOLOGICAL CARDIAC PARAMETER

The present invention relates to an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator or pacemaker whose standard circuitry is used to trend a physiological cardiac parameter using intra-cardiac impedance measurements. The trend information may be used to predict the onset of a sudden cardiac death (SCD) event. By being able to predict the onset of an SCD event, patients and their physicians may be forewarned of a life-threatening event allowing them to respond accordingly. The trend information may also be used to predict the efficacy of cardiac-related medications, monitor progress of congestive heart failure, detect the occurrence of myocardial infarction, or simply track changes in sympathetic tone.

CARDIAC OUTPUT PROBE ASSEMBLY

A cardiac output probe assembly (10) is disclosed wherein the assembly includes a chest tube (12) which carries a cardiac output probe (14) therein. The chest tube (12) includes a main lumen (40) for draining fluids from the thoracic cavity of the chest and a secondary lumen (18) which carries leads (24) attached to the probe (14). The probe (14) is attached to the pulmonary artery or aorta vessel with detachable tines (52) and/or sutures. The tines (52) are uniquely configured to ensure that good contact between the probe (14) and vessel is maintained. When cardiac output monitoring is complete, a pulling force is applied to the probe leads (24) extending out through a proximal end (18) of the tube (12). The pulling force detaches the tines (52) and sutures, releasing the probe (14) from connection with the vessel. Further withdrawal of the leads (24) through the tube (12) retracts the probe (14) within the tube (12), where it is housed until the tube (12) is removed from the thoracic ...

SYSTEMS AND METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING THE NEED FOR MEASUREMENT OF CARDIAC OUTPUT

The present invention relates to a decision support system (DSS), a medical monitoring system ( 100 ), and a corresponding method for identifying the need for measurement of cardiac output (CO) based on one or more comparisons (COMP 1 , COMP 2 ) in a physiological model. More specifically, for identifying when an approximated value of CO cannot be correct due to circulatory compromise and as such that another estimated or measured value of CO is required.

Method and apparatus for continuous assessment of a cardiovascular parameter using the arterial pulse pressure propagation time and waveform

A method and apparatus for determining a cardiovascular parameter including receiving an input signal corresponding to an arterial blood pressure measurement over an interval that covers at least one cardiac cycle, determining a propagation time of the input signal, determining at least one statistical moment of the input signal, and determining an estimate of the cardiovascular parameter using the propagation time and the at least one statistical moment.

Metabolic gas exchange and noninvasive cardiac output monitor

A respiratory gas analyzer for measuring the metabolic activity and the cardiac output of a subject includes a bi-directional flow meter and a capnometer sensor interconnected by conduits and valving between a mouthpiece and a source of respiratory gasses which may be a controlled source or the atmosphere. A pass-through carbon dioxide scrubber may be plugged into the conduits and the valving controlled so that upon inhalation by the subject gasses are passed through the flow meter to the mouthpiece and upon exhalation the exhaled gasses are passed first through the scrubber and then through the flow meter in a direction opposite to the inhaled gasses. A computer connected to receive the signals from the flow meter and the capnometer can then calculate the subject's metabolic activity. When the valving is shifted a portion of the exhaled gasses are stored in the conduit so that upon inhalation the subject inhales a substantial portion of rebreathed gasses. The computer can then calculate ...

Deployment device, system and method for medical implantation

A deployment device for deploying a self-expansible medical implant at a target location in a body cavity, is provided. While generally, the expansion of self-expansible structures tends to be abrupt, and the impact of expansion may cause injury, a two-stage expansion process of the present invention minimizes the impact of exapnsion. Additionally, an ability to manuever the medical imlant into position, after the first stage of expansion, provides for accurate positioning. Thus the present invention is of a deployment device for precise and well-controlled manner of deployment, so as to minimize damage to the cavity wall and to position the implant accurately at the target location. The deployment device includes: an inner tube; an outer tube; and an implant received on the inner tube and enclosed by the outer tube. The implant has a self-expansible anchoring element which is in a contracted condition when enclosed by the outer tube, expands to a partially-expanded condition when the outer ...

Method for noninvasive continuous determination of physiologic characteristics

The invention comprises methods for noninvasively monitoring physiological characteristics of a patient's blood. Determinations of blood constituent concentrations may be made by comparing absorbance of radiation at varying parameters, such as path length and blood pressure. Preferably, changes in pressure are effected by changing the height of the probes relative to the patient's heart. Determinations of blood pH may be made by comparing absorbance of the blood at different wavelengths. The temperature of the blood, and thus of the patient's core, may also be accurately determined. Further, cardiac output characteristics and blood pressures may be noninvasively determined using the methods of the invention.

Injection molding of ceramic powders using non-gel forming water soluble organic binders

A method for compounding gel-free injection molding feed stock for injection molding net-shape ceramic parts, including the steps of: mixing inorganic particles with non-gel forming water soluble organic binders having molecular weight between 1000 and 1,000,000 and that are between 0.5 weight % and 10 weight % based upon the inorganic particles, along with plasticizers, water and processing aids in a mixer to form a mixture, wherein the non-gel forming water soluble organic binders are composed of high and low molecular weight organic binders; compounding the mixed inorganic particles and the non-gel forming water soluble organic binders at a high temperature in the range of between 70° and 98° Centigrade, under shear force, to form a homogenous viscous slurry in the range of 5x10<3 >and 7x10<4 >Pa.sec at a shear rate of 10 sec<-1>; cooling the homogenous viscous slurry to room temperature to form a compounded solid mass.

Device and method for noninvasive continuous determination of physiologic characteristics

The invention comprises devices and methods for the noninvasive monitoring of a physiologic characteristic of a patient's blood, such as blood pressure. One embodiment is a tissue probe combined with a position sensor for determining the relative height of the probe compared to a level corresponding to the patient's heart. Alternatively, the tissue probe can be combined with a movement generator for inducing a height change of the probe with respect to patient's heart. By measuring absorbance characteristics of the blood at varying positions relatively to the level of the patient's heart, characteristics such as arterial and central venous blood pressure and cardiac output can be determined. In yet another embodiment, two probes are used to compute pulse delays between coupled tissues or opposing tissues. Measuring delays in pulse arrival times in coupled organs or members on opposite sides of the body allows the determination of various physiological characteristics.

Annuloplasty system and a method for monitoring the effectiveness of an annuloplasty treatment

An annuloplasty system is provided which comprises an annuloplasty ring assembly (2), at least one sensor (8) and an external monitor (5) or a prompting device. The annuloplasty ring assembly (2) has an interface adapted to establish an operative connection with a manipulator. The manipulator is utilized for manipulating the annuloplasty ring assembly (2). The sensor (8) is configured to detect regurgitation (13, 34). The external monitor (5) or the prompting device is adapted to provide, e.g. display, information based on the detected regurgitation (13, 34).

HEART RATE DETERMINATION BASED ON VAD CURRENT WAVEFORM

The present disclosure provides for methods and systems for determining heart rate of a patient. Based on motor current signals of a ventricular assist device (VAD), each of first, second and third events in the measured current signal may be detected, the first event being indicative of a rise or fall in the current signal, the second event being indicative of a rise or fall in the current signal in the opposite direction as the first event, and the third event being indicative of a rise or fall in the current signal in the same direction as the first event. A timer counter may be initiated upon detection of the first event, and an elapsed time may be measured upon detection of the third event. Heart rate may be determined based on the elapsed time of the timer counter.

Устройство пальцевой фотоплетизмографической системы для непрерывного неинвазивного измерения артериального давления

Настоящая полезная модель относится к датчикам, предназначенным для непрерывного неинвазивного измерения артериального давления и может быть применена при необходимости постоянного контроля артериального давления пациента с использованием пальцев его рук. Устройство пальцевой фотоплетизмографической системы для непрерывного неинвазивного измерения артериального давления, содержащее пальцевую базу, на которой установлены фотоплетизмографическая манжета и пальцевый фиксатор, причем фотоплетизмографическая манжета включает воздушную камеру с оптоэлектронной парой, при этом пальцевая база выполнена с возможностью перекрытия не менее одного межсуставного расстояния и не менее одного прилегающего сустава. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 177 369 U1 (51) МПК A61B 5/0225 (2006.01) A61B 5/0295 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК A61B 5/02255 (2006.01); A61B 5/0295 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017123355, 03.07.2017 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 19.02.2018 (45) Опубликовано: 19.02.2018 Бюл. № 5 2015265166 A1, 24.09.2015. GB 1457303 A, 01.12.1976. US 2013245468 A1, 19.09.2013. JP H02257929 A, 18.10.1990. RU 2601697 C2, 10.11.2016. RU 2309668 C1, 10.11.2007. (54) Устройство пальцевой фотоплетизмографической системы для непрерывного неинвазивного измерения артериального давления (57) Реферат: Настоящая полезная модель относится к артериального давления, содержащее пальцевую датчикам, предназначенным для непрерывного базу, на которой установлены неинвазивного измерения артериального фотоплетизмографическая манжета и пальцевый давления и может быть применена при фиксатор, причем фотоплетизмографическая необходимости постоянного контроля манжета включает воздушную камеру с артериального давления пациента с оптоэлектронной парой, при этом пальцевая база использованием пальцев его рук. Устройство выполнена с возможностью перекрытия не менее пальцевой ...

Medical device and methods of monitoring a patient with renal dysfunction

Embodiments relate to a method of monitoring physiological parameters of a patient with renal dysfunction. The method includes electrically connecting one or more medical device electrodes with a measurement site of a patient, generating one or more first stimulation signals sufficient to provide input physiological parameters specific to the patient, measuring one or more first bioimpedance values from the generated signals, analyzing at least one of the input physiological parameters within the one or more first bioimpedance values and generating a personalized dialysis program. The systems and methods can further provide essentially real-time data of patient undergoing treatment and control of treatment to a patient.

Fluid titration system

A fluid titration system has an optical sensor, a physiological monitor, a titration controller and an infusion device. The optical sensor transmits multiple wavelengths of light into a tissue site of a person and detects the optical radiation after attenuation by pulsatile blood flowing within the tissue site. The physiological monitor receives a resulting sensor signal and derives a plethysmograph that corresponds to the pulsatile blood flow. The monitor also calculates a plethysmograph variability measure that is responsive to changes in perfusion at the tissue site. A titration controller generates a fluid control output according to the variability measure. The infusion device administers a liquid solution via an intravenous (IV) connection to the person according to the fluid control output so as to regulate at least one of a fluid flow start, rate and stop.

Method and System For Patient-Specific Modeling of Blood Flow

Embodiments include a system for planning treatment for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of an anatomical structure of the patient, create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the anatomical structure of the patient based on the patient-specific data, and determine a first fractional flow reserve within the anatomical structure of the patient based on the three-dimensional model and information regarding a physiological condition of the patient. The at least one computer system may be further configured to receive input from a user regarding a plan of treatment, modify the physiological condition of the patient based on the received input, and determine a second fractional flow reserve within the anatomical structure of the patient based on the modified physiological condition of the patient.

Method and device for monitoring and improving arteriogenesis

A method for determining an arteriovascular condition of a subject having an arterial blood flow is shown. The method involves determining a temporal progression of an instantaneous blood flow condition of the arterial blood flow as well as deriving a slew rate of the temporal progression during an increase of the temporal progression. In addition, an arteriovascular condition indicator device is shown, which comprises: an input for receiving an input signal representing an instantaneous arterial blood flow condition of a subject and a slew rate monitor connected to the input. A corresponding control device for providing an activation signal is also shown. The control device comprises a maximum detector connected to the slew rate monitor. A method for stimulation of arteriogenesis is also shown, wherein a temporal progression of an instantaneous blood flow condition is monitored, a slew rate of the temporal progression is derived, and the maximum of the slew rate is determined. An external pressure is applied repeatedly to the arteriovascular section in synchronization with the occurrence of the determined maximum.

Cardiac monitoring system

A method of analysing cardiac functions in a subject using a processing system is described. The method may include applying one or more electrical signals having a plurality of frequencies to the subject and detecting a response to the applied one or more signals from the subject. A characteristic frequency can then be determined from the applied and received signals, and at least one component of the impedance (e.g., reactance, phase shift) can be measured at the characteristic frequency. The impedance or a component of impedance at a characteristic frequency can be determined for a number of sequential time instances. A new characteristic frequency may be determined within a cardiac cycle or the same characteristic frequency may be used throughout the cardiac cycle during which instantaneous values of impedance are determined. These values may be used to determine an indicia of cardiac function.

Blood Flow Monitoring

The present invention relates to a method of utilizing photoplethysmography obtained from a central site and a non-central site to detect a low blood flow or low blood volume condition. Also disclosed are apparatuses and systems designed to acquire and process physiological information based on photoplethysmograpy signal information from dual sites.

Method and system to estimate impedance of a pseudo sensing vector

An implantable medical device (IMD) is provided comprising inputs configured to be coupled to leads having electrodes thereon, wherein combinations of the electrodes are associated with respective active sensing vector. The IMD further comprises an impedance measurement module to collect multiple measured impedances between corresponding combinations of the electrodes. The IMD further includes an impedance derivation module to calculate a derived impedance for at least one pseudo sensing vector based on the measured impedances, wherein the pseudo sensing vector extends to or from at least one pseudo sensing site.

Aortic pacing to control cardiac afterload

A chronically implanted medical device, connected to a medical electrical lead that includes a sensor, is used to detect cardiac afterload. Electrical stimulation is delivered proximate aortic arch tissue of a patient in order to reduce a patient's cardiac afterload. Electrical stimulation is terminated after a termination condition is met.

Devices and methods for monitoring cerebral hemodynamic characteristics

Devices, and methods for receiving and comparing bioimpedance signals are disclosed. In one aspect, the devices and methods may include receiving bioimpedance signals indicative of hemodynamic characteristics within a subject's brain. Bioimpedance signals may be compared, and the comparison used to provide information for diagnosing changes in arterial occlusion. Bioimpedance signals may be associated with left and right sides of a subject's brain. Signature features within the bioimpedance signals may be detected and used to determine differences in the bioimpedance signals.

Health monitoring appliance

A heart monitoring system for a patient includes one or more wireless nodes forming a wireless network; a wearable appliance having a wireless transceiver to communicate with the one or more wireless nodes; and an analyzer to determine vital signs, the analyzer coupled to the wireless transceiver to receive patient data over the wireless network.

Hemodynamic Reserve Monitor and Hemodialysis Control

Tools and techniques for estimating a probability that a patient is bleeding or has sustained intravascular volume loss (e.g., due to hemodialysis or dehydration) and/or to estimate a patient's current hemodynamic reserve index, track the patient's hemodynamic reserve index over time, and/or predict a patient's hemodynamic reserve index in the future. Tools and techniques for estimating and/or predicting a patient's dehydration state. Tools and techniques for controlling a hemodialysis machine based on the patient's estimated and/or predicted hemodynamic reserve index.

Homogenizing Light Sources in Photoplethysmography

An embodiment of a light homogenizing apparatus having one or more emitters ( 110, 120 ) incident on a light mixing element. The emitters including at least one laser light source. The light mixing element comprising a diffuser ( 130 ) followed by an internally reflective light guide ( 160 ). This apparatus substantially homogenizes light from all emitters ( 110, 120 ) before light exits the internally reflective light guide ( 160 ) where it could then be incident on living tissue for use in photoplethysmographic measurement. Other embodiments are described and shown.

Systems and methods for model-based estimation of cardiac output and total peripheral resistance

The methods and systems for estimating cardiac output and total peripheral resistance include observing arterial blood pressure waveforms to determine intra-beat and inter-beat variability in arterial blood pressure and estimating from the variability a time constant for a lumped parameter beat-to-beat averaged Windkessel model of the arterial tree. Uncalibrated cardiac output and uncalibrated total peripheral resistance may then be calculated from the time constant. Calibrated cardiac output and calibrated total peripheral resistance may be computed using calibration data, assuming an arterial compliance that is either constant or dependent on mean arterial blood pressure. The parameters of the arterial compliance may be estimated in a least-squares manner.

Method and system for patient-specific modeling of blood flow

Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

Method and system for patient-specific modeling of blood flow

Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model.

PERFUSION INDEX SMOOTHER

An embodiment of the present disclosure seeks to smooth a perfusion index measurement through use of a baseline perfusion index measurement and/or through the use of multiple PI calculations. The combination of the baseline perfusion index measurement reduces an error between a calculated measurement of PI and actual conditions. 1. A method of determining an indication of perfusion index in a patient monitor , the method comprising:receiving pleth data;calculating at least two indications of perfusion index using at least two different calculation techniques; anddetermining a final indication of perfusion index based on the at least two indications of perfusion index.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the final indication of perfusion index is determined by selecting the lowest indication of perfusion index.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the final indication of perfusion index is determined by statistical analysis.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the final indication of perfusion index is determined by averaging the at least two indications of perfusion index.5. A method of determining an indication of perfusion index claim 1 , the method comprising:receiving pleth data; anddetermining an indication of perfusion index by utilizing at least one of a first calculation technique and a second calculation technique to determine a resulting indication of perfusion index.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein determining the indication of perfusion index comprises utilizing the calculation technique that will result in the lowest perfusion index value.7. An oximeter comprising:an input capable of receiving intensity signal data responsive to intensity signals acquired from a detector capable of detecting light attenuated by body tissue,a first calculation calculator configured to calculate a first indication of perfusion index using a first calculation technique;a second calculator configured to calculate a second indication of perfusion index using a second calculation ...

Haemodynamic monitoring device

A relation is formed between an n-tuple having n components and formed at a first point in time and at least one other n-tuple having n components formed at at least one corresponding later point in time, wherein n is a natural number equal to or greater than 1, and the components comprise at least one derived parameter and/or one read-in data value. If this relationship satisfies a predetermined calibration criterion, a calibration signal is triggered and is displayed, and/or automatically triggers a recalibration of the haemodynamic monitoring device. For example, the pulse contour cardiac output PCCO is derived from the arterial pressure curve as the constituent component of a 1-tuple. As long as this differs from the reference cardiac output CO Ref by less than a predefined threshold value, for example 101 or 15% of the reference cardiac output, parameter determination continues without initiating a new calibration. On the other hand, if the deviation exceeds PCCO-CO ref I, the calibration signal is triggered.

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING APPARATUS AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING METHOD

A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes a collecting unit, a specifying unit, an acquiring unit and a calculating unit. The collecting unit collects a plurality of fluid images that are images of a fluid traveling though a subject. The specifying unit specifies a distance traveled by the fluid by using a difference image between a reference image that is one of the fluid images and each fluid image. The acquiring unit acquires an elapsed time corresponding to the traveled distance from pulse sequence information that is used to collect the fluid images. The calculating unit calculates a flow velocity of the fluid by dividing the traveled distance by the elapsed time. 1. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:a collecting unit configured to collect a plurality of fluid images that are images of a fluid traveling through a subject;a specifying unit configured to specify a distance traveled by the fluid by using a difference image between a reference image that is one of the fluid images and each fluid image;an acquiring unit configured to acquire an elapsed time corresponding to the traveled distance from pulse sequence information that is used to collect the fluid images; anda calculating unit configured to calculate a flow velocity of the fluid by dividing the traveled distance by the elapsed time.2. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the acquiring unit acquires the elapsed time corresponding to the traveled distance in accordance with a method of filling a k space used to generate the fluid images.3. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the acquiring unit acquires claim 2 , as the elapsed time claim 2 , a BBTI (black-blood time to inversion) time from the pulse sequence information in a case of centric ordering in which phase encodes are arrayed from the center of the k space and the acquiring unit acquires claim 2 , as the elapsed time claim 2 , a value obtained from the ...

Modeling of pharmaceutical propagation

A method of delivering a contrast enhancing fluid to a patient using an injector system, including: determining at least one patient transfer function for the patient based upon data specific to the patient, the at least one patient transfer function providing a time enhancement output for a given input; determining a desired time enhancement output; using the at least one patient transfer function to determine an injection procedure input; and controlling the injector system at least in part on the basis of the determined injection procedure input.

Non-invasive cardiac output determination

A method of controlling a gas delivery apparatus including an apparatus controllable variable using an iterative algorithm to deliver a test gas (TG) for non-invasively determining a subject's pulmonary blood flow comprising iteratively generating and evaluating test values of a iterated variable based on an iterative algorithm in order output a test value of the iterated variable that meets a test criterion wherein iterative algorithm is characterized in that it defines a test mathematical relationship between the at least one apparatus controllable variable, the iterated variable and an end tidal concentration of test gas attained by setting the apparatus controllable variable, such that the iterative algorithm is determinative of whether iteration on the test value satisfies a test criterion or iteratively generates a progressively refined test value.

Measurement apparatus

A first calculation unit receives phase characteristics Pa(f) and Pb(f) outputted from frequency transform units, calculates a propagation time difference based on a phase difference between the two phase characteristics in a high-frequency component thereof, and calculates a pulse wave velocity by dividing a difference in the distances of vascular pathways from the heart to respective measurement areas. Meanwhile, a second calculation unit calculates a pulse wave velocity by dividing the stated difference in the distances by a appearance time difference at a predetermined position in respective pulse waveforms obtained by rendering the measurement signals Pa(t) and Pb(t) on a time axis. A comparison unit compares the pulse wave velocities, and in the case where the ratio thereof is outside a predetermined range, an evaluation result indicating that it is possible that a predetermined pathologic change is present in the vascular pathway is outputted to a display processing unit.

DILUTION APPARATUS, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM

An apparatus for determining a patient's circulatory fill status is adapted to provide a dilution curve and is capable to derive the ratio between the patient's global end-diastolic volume GEDV and the patient's intra thoracic thermo volume ITTV from the dilution curve. Further, a computer program for determining a patient's circulatory fill status has instructions adapted to carry out the steps of generating the dilution curve on basis of provided measurement data of dilution versus time, deriving the ratio between the patient's global end-diastolic volume GEDV and the patient's intra thoracic thermo volume ITTV from the dilution curve, and determining the patient's circulatory fill status on basis of the ratio between the patient's global end-diastolic volume GEDV and the patient's intra thoracic thermo volume ITTV, when the computer program is run on a computer. A method is also provided. 1. An apparatus for determining a patient's circulatory fill status comprising:a device configured to provide a dilution curve and configured to derive a ratio between a patient's global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and a patient's intra thoracic thermo volume (ITTV), wherein the device is configured to determine a ratio between the patient's GEDV and ITTV as a function of a ratio between a median transit time (MDT) and a mean transit time (MTT), wherein the median transit time (MDT) is defined as being the point of time on which half of the dilution curve area is reached and the mean transit time (MTT) is defined as being the point of time on which a center of mass of the dilution curve area is located, and wherein the apparatus is capable of deriving the ratio between the median transit time (MDT) and the mean transit time (MTT) from the dilution curve.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is configured to determine a linear relationship between the ratio between the patient's global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) and the patient's intra thoracic thermo volume (ITTV) ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING AND PROCESSING BALLISTOCARDIOGRAPH DATA

A method and apparatus are provided for obtaining and processing ballistocardiograph data to determine a physiological condition of a subject. Ballistocardiograph data indicative of heart motion of the subject measured along a plurality of spatial axes by a sensor device which may comprise a three-axis accelerometer. The ballistocardiograph data is processed to determine processed data indicative of heart motion of the subject. Indications of physiological condition are determined based at least in part on the processed data. Processing may comprise aggregation of multidimensional data, determining magnitude of heart motion and derivative thereof, determining a thrust summation, determining an index value, outputting a report based on an index value, etc. Processing may be informed by operator input, such as a time window of interest or indications of interest. 1. An apparatus for determining information indicative of a subject's physiological condition , said apparatus comprising:a) a sensor device configured to obtain ballistocardiograph data indicative of heart motion of the subject measured along a plurality of spatial axes; andb) a computing device communicatively coupled to the sensor device and configured to receive the ballistocardiograph data therefrom, the computing device configured to determine, based on the ballistocardiograph data, processed data indicative of heart motion of the subject, the computing device further configured to determine one or more indications of the subject's physiological condition based at least in part on the processed data.2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor device comprises a three-axis accelerometer.3. The apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the sensor device comprises one or more analog-to-digital converters configured to convert data from the three-axis accelerometer to digital ballistocardiograph data.4. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the ballistocardiograph data comprises time ...

DETECTION AND MONITORING OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM

Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) cause a large number of deaths annually. Ruptures occur even in people who are already diagnosed with AAA and are being monitored. The reason is that the interval between tests is too long because of the need to visit a pathological facility with imaging equipment. It is preferable to estimate the progress of AAA frequently, once detected, in a non-invasive manner, preferably at the subject's home, without the need for the subject to visit a pathological facility. A device is disclosed for detecting a state of a vascular pathology of a subject, comprising a sensor signal unit () for providing a signal representative of a blood volume in a body part of a subject, a comparator () for comparing the sensor signal with a reference signal, and a user interface () for conveying a result based on the comparison to a user of the device. 1. A device for testing a subject for detecting a state of a vascular pathology of the subject , the device comprising:a sensor signal unit for receiving a sensor signal representative of a blood volume in a body part of the subject;a comparator for comparing the sensor signal with a reference signal; anda user interface for conveying a result based on the comparison to a user of the device.2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the sensor signal unit acquires and processes the sensor signal provided by a photoplethysmogram sensor.3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the reference signal is at least one of a sensor signal previously acquired from a test on the subject and a sensor signal acquired from at least one healthy subject.4. The device of claim 1 , further including:an electrocardiogram signal unit for acquiring an electrocardiogram signal of the subject; anda synchronizer for synchronizing an acquisition of the sensor signal with the electrocardiogram signal.5. The device of claim 4 , further including:an electrocardiogram signal processing unit for processing the electrocardiogram signal of the ...

Systems and methods for determining physiological parameters using measured analyte values

Systems and methods for determining a physiological parameter in a patient are provided. In certain embodiments, a system can include an analyte detection system configured to measure first analyte data in a fluid sample received from a patient, a medical sensor configured to measure second analyte data in the patient, and a processor configured to receive the first analyte data and the second analyte data and to determine a physiological parameter based at least in part on the first analyte data and the second analyte data. In certain such embodiments, the medical sensor may be a pulse oximeter, and the physiological parameter may include a cardiovascular parameter including, for example, cardiac output.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SYSTOLIC INTERVAL ANALYSIS

A system and method provide for systolic interval analysis. In an example, an implantable device measures a cardiac impedance signal. A transformation of the cardiac impedance interval is generated. The device also measures a heart sound signal. A time interval between a point on the transformed signal of the cardiac impedance signal and a point on the heart sound signal is calculated. 1. A processor-readable medium , comprising instructions that , when performed by the processor , cause the processor to:obtain information indicative of an acoustic signal from an implantable acoustic sensor;identify a first heart sound feature in the information indicative of the acoustic signal;obtain information indicative of a cardiac impedance from an implantable cardiac impedance sensor;transform the information indicative of the cardiac impedance to obtain transformed cardiac impedance information;identify a first cardiac impedance feature in the transformed cardiac impedance information;determine a first interval between the identified first heart sound feature in the information indicative of the acoustic signal and the identified first cardiac impedance feature in the transformed cardiac impedance information; anddetermine a heart failure decompensation status using information about the determined first interval.2. The processor-readable medium of claim 1 , wherein the first interval corresponds to a left ventricular ejection time (LVET) claim 1 , and wherein the instructions include instructions that claim 1 , when performed by the processor claim 1 , cause the processor to:determine a second interval corresponding to a pre-ejection period (PEP);determine a relative indication of information between the PEP and the LVET; anddetermine the heart failure decompensation status using the relative indication of information.3. The processor-readable medium of claim 2 , wherein the instructions to determine the relative indication of information include instructions to determine ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR NON-INVASIVELY MONITORING BIOLOGICAL OR BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF INDIVIDUAL

A system and method are presented for use in monitoring one or more conditions of a subject's body. The system includes a control unit which includes an input port for receiving image data, a memory utility, and a processor utility. The image data is indicative of data measured by a pixel detector array and is in the form of a sequence of speckle patterns generated by a portion of the subject's body in response to illumination thereof by coherent light according to a certain sampling time pattern. The memory utility stores one or more predetermined models, the model comprising data indicative of a relation between one or more measurable parameters and one or more conditions of the subject's body. The processor utility is configured and operable for processing the image data to determine one or more corresponding body conditions; and generating output data indicative of the corresponding body conditions. 1. A system for use in monitoring one or more conditions of a subject's body , the system comprising a control unit comprising:an input port for receiving image data measured by a pixel detector array and being in the form of a sequence of speckle patterns generated by a portion of the subject's body in response to illumination thereof by coherent light according to a certain sampling time pattern;a memory utility for storing one or more predetermined models, the model comprising data indicative of a relation between one or more measurable parameters and one or more conditions of the subject's body; and processing the image data and determining a spatial correlation function between successive speckle patterns in the sequence, and determining a time varying spatial correlation function in the form of a time-varying function of at least one feature of the correlation function, the time-varying spatial correlation function being indicative of a change of the speckle pattern over time;', 'selecting at least one parameter of the time-varying spatial correlation function, ...

MULTI-MODAL IMAGING OF BLOOD FLOW

The application features methods, devices, and systems for measuring blood flow in a subject. The computer-implemented methods include receiving functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data that provides information on at least one of volume or oxygenation of blood at one or more locations in a body over a first predetermined length of time. The methods also include receiving near-infrared spectroscopic (NIRS) imaging or measurement data representing at least one of blood concentration or oxygenation at a first portion of the body over a second predetermined length of time. The methods further include deriving, from the fMRI data corresponding to a second portion of the body, a time varying data set representing changes in blood oxygenation or volume or both blood oxygenation and volume at the second portion over the first predetermined length of time and determining, by a computing device, a time delay and a value of a similarity metric corresponding to a part of the spectroscopic imaging data that most closely matches the time varying data set. The time delay represents a difference between a first time in which blood flows from a third portion in the body to the first portion and a second time in which blood flows to the second portion from the third portion. The value of the similarity metric represents an amount of blood at the second portion. An estimate of a characteristic of at least one of blood flow or blood volume in the second portion at a given time is determined based on the time delay and the value of the similarity metric. 136-. (canceled)37. A computer-implemented method for measuring at least one of blood flow or volume in a subject , the method comprising:receiving functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data that provides information on at least one of volume or oxygenation of blood at one or more locations in a body over a first predetermined length of time;receiving spectroscopic measurement data representing at least one of blood ...

INTUITIVE PRESENTATION OF VENTILATION EFFECTIVENESS

Ventilation information may be presented. Output signals may be received that convey information related to one or more breathing parameters of a subject receiving assisted or controlled mechanical ventilation. Based at least in part on the received output signals, volumetric components of a tidal volume of the subject may be determined. The volumetric components may include an alveolar dead space, an effective alveolar tidal volume, and/or other volumetric components. The alveolar dead space is the volume of inspired gas that occupies alveoli but does not take part in oxygen exchange in the lungs of the subject. The effective alveolar tidal volume is the volume of inspired gas that takes part in oxygen exchange in the lungs of the subject. A visual representation that textually or graphically represents the tidal volume, and/or textually or graphically represents the volumetric components separately from each other may be presented via a user interface. 1. A method for presenting ventilation information , the method comprising:receiving output signals conveying information related to one or more breathing parameters of a subject being mechanically ventilated;determining, based on the received output signals, volumetric components of a tidal volume of the subject, the volumetric components including (i) an alveolar dead space, and (ii) an effective alveolar tidal volume, the alveolar dead space being the volume of inspired gas that occupies alveoli but does not take part in oxygen exchange in the lungs of the subject, and the effective alveolar tidal volume being the volume of inspired gas that takes part in oxygen exchange in the lungs of the subject; andpresenting, via a user interface, a visual representation least a portion of a human respiratory system (i) that provides updated ventilation information in an ongoing manner and (ii) that textually or graphically represents the tidal volume and the volumetric components in a manner which makes analysis of (ii)(a) ...

Health monitoring appliance

A heart monitoring system for a person includes one or more wireless nodes forming a wireless network; a wearable body sensor having a wireless transceiver adapted to communicate with the one or more wireless nodes.

Multiple wavelength sensor emitters

A physiological sensor has light emitting sources, each activated by addressing at least one row and at least one column of an electrical grid. The light emitting sources are capable of transmitting light of multiple wavelengths and a detector is responsive to the transmitted light after attenuation by body tissue.

Tissue profile wellness monitor

A tissue profile wellness monitor measures a physiological parameter, generates a tissue profile, defines limits and indicates when the tissue profile exceeds the defined limits. The physiological parameter is responsive to multiple wavelengths of optical radiation after attenuation by constituents of pulsatile blood flowing within a tissue site. The tissue profile is responsive to the physiological parameter. The limits are defined for at least a portion of the tissue profile.

Apparatus, Systems and Methods Analyzing Pressure and Volume Waveforms in the Vasculature

Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for analyzing relative compliance in the peripheral vasculature. Such apparatus, systems and methods generally involve generating a plethysmograph (PG) signal, generating one or more pressure waveforms and comparing the pressure waveform(s) relative to the PG signal to determine compliance indexes associated particular regions of the vasculature. A relative compliance ratio may also be determined by comparing arterial and venous relative compliance indexes. Apparatus, systems and methods are also provided for analyzing a PG waveform. Such apparatus, systems and methods generally involve generating a plethysmograph (PG) signal and comparing amplitude modulation of the PG signal relative to baseline modulation of the PG signal to estimate a relationship between left ventricular end diastolic pressure and stroke volume. The estimated relationship may account for a phase offset for the time between when changes in venous return affect left ventricular end diastolic pressure and stroke volume. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. (canceled)24. (canceled)25. (canceled)26. (canceled)27. (canceled)28. (canceled)29. (canceled)30. (canceled)31. (canceled)32. (canceled)33. (canceled)34. (canceled)35. (canceled)36. (canceled)37. (canceled)38. (canceled)39. (canceled)40. (canceled)41. (canceled)42. (canceled)43. (canceled)44. (canceled)45. (canceled)46. (canceled)47. (canceled)48. (canceled)49. (canceled)50. (canceled)51. (canceled)52. (canceled)53. (canceled)54. (canceled)55. (canceled)56. (canceled)57. (canceled)58. (canceled)59. (canceled)60. (canceled)61. (canceled)62. (canceled)63. (canceled)64. (canceled)65. (canceled)66. (canceled)67. (canceled)68. (canceled)69. ( ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING ARTERIAL PULSE WAVE VELOCITY

Methods are presented for determining pulse transit time (PTT) and/or pulse wave velocity (PWV) of a subject by application of parametric system identification to proximal and distal arterial waveforms. The two waveforms are measured from the subject. A system is defined that relates the proximal arterial waveform to the distal arterial waveform (or vice versa) in terms of the unknown parameters of a parametric mathematical model. The model parameters are determined from the measured waveforms using system identification. PTT between the proximal and distal arterial sites is then determined from the system model. PWV may also be determined by dividing the distance between measurement sites (D) by PTT. 126-. (canceled)27. A method for determining an arterial pulse transit time of a subject , comprising:measuring a proximal waveform indicative of the arterial pulse at a proximal site of the subject;measuring a distal waveform indicative of the arterial pulse at a distal site of the subject;defining a dynamic system that relates one of the waveforms to the other waveform in terms of unknown parameters of a parametric mathematical model that assumes a specific structure for the system;determining the unknown parameters of the mathematical model from the measured proximal waveform and the measured distal waveform; anddetermining a pulse transit time between the proximal site and the distal site from the mathematical model.28. The method of further comprises determining a distance between the proximal and distal sites and determining a pulse wave velocity by dividing the distance by the pulse transit time.29. The method of further comprises determining the unknown parameters by fitting one of the proximal waveform or the distal waveform to the other waveform.30. The method of wherein the mathematical model is a parametric physical tube-load model transfer function in which the pulse transit time is an explicit parameter of the model.31. The method of wherein the waveforms ...

ANALYZING PHOTON DENSITY WAVES IN A MEDICAL MONITOR

A monitoring system that may include an emission feature capable of emitting light into tissue, a modulator portion capable of modulating the emitter at a modulation frequency to generate photon density waves, a detection portion capable of detecting photons of the photon density waves after propagation through the tissue and capable of providing a distribution of detected photons over a time period for the photon density waves, and an analysis portion capable of calculating a skewness of the distribution and making determinations relating to a value of a physiologic parameter of the tissue based at least in part on the skewness of the distribution. 1. A monitoring system , comprising: driving a light source to emit light at a modulation frequency to generate photon density waves;', 'receiving a signal from a detector, wherein the signal is representative of photons of the photon density waves that have propagated through a tissue;', 'determining a skewness of a distribution of the photons; and', 'determining a physiologic parameter of the tissue based at least in part on the skewness of the distribution; and, 'a memory configured to store instructions fora processor configured to execute the instructions.2. The monitoring system of claim 1 , comprising a display configured to display the physiological parameter.3. The monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions for determining the skewness comprise comparing the skewness to empirical data stored in the memory.4. The monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein determining the skewness of the distribution comprises computing the skewness of the derivative of the modulated detected waveform.5. The monitoring system of claim 1 , wherein determining the skewness of the distribution comprises determining a characteristic of a decay of the photons.6. The monitoring system of claim 5 , comprising determining if light shunting is present based on at least the characteristic of the decay.7. The monitoring system of ...

WIRELESS ELECTRODE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR PATIENT MONITORING VIA ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY

A system including a plurality of wireless sensors for monitoring one or more parameters of a subject is provided. The wireless sensors can be attachable to or implantable in the subject and form a network. The sensors can include a sensing component configured to detect a signal corresponding to at least one condition of the subject. The sensors further can include a communication component configured to wirelessly transmit the detected signal to at least another of the plurality of wireless sensors, and wirelessly receive a signal transmitted from at least one of the remaining sensors in the network. 1. A system for monitoring one or more hemodynamic parameters of a subject , comprising: a sensing component configured to detect a signal corresponding to at least one hemodynamic condition of the subject;', wirelessly transmit the detected signal to at least one of the plurality of wireless sensors, and', 'wirelessly receive a signal transmitted from at least one of the remaining sensors in the network., 'a communication component configured to], 'a plurality of wireless sensors attachable to or implantable in the subject and forming a network, each sensor comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the network is a mesh network.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the hemodynamic parameters include one or more of pulse oximetry claim 1 , oxygen saturation claim 1 , oxyhemoglobin saturation claim 1 , blood glucose level claim 1 , blood pressure claim 1 , blood velocity claim 1 , blood flow rate claim 1 , respiratory rate claim 1 , pulse rate claim 1 , COlevel claim 1 , drug concentration claim 1 , blood protein concentration claim 1 , heart rate claim 1 , heart rhythm claim 1 , heart rate variability claim 1 , organic or inorganic substance concentration claim 1 , cardiac activity claim 1 , cardiac output claim 1 , pH levels claim 1 , pathogens and galvanic skin response.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of wireless sensors further comprises:a ...

System for Non-invasive Cardiac Output Determination

A method determines cardiac output or stroke volume by receiving signal data representing multiple parameters of a patient concurrently acquired over a particular time period and comprising at least one of, (a) a parameter derived from an ECG waveform of the patient, (b) a parameter derived from a blood pressure signal of the patient, (c) a parameter derived from signal data representing oxygen content of blood of the patient and (d) a parameter derived from a patient cardiac impedance value. A selected parameter of the multiple concurrently acquired parameters is used in calculating a heart stroke volume of the patient comprising volume of blood transferred through the blood vessel in a heart cycle, in response to, a combination of a weighted summation of values of the selected parameter over the particular time period. Data representing the calculated heart stroke volume is provided to a destination device. 1. A method for determining cardiac output or stroke volume , comprising the activities of: (a) a parameter derived from an ECG waveform of said patient,', '(b) a parameter derived from a blood pressure signal of said patient,', '(c) a parameter derived from signal data representing oxygen content of blood of said patient and', '(d) a parameter derived from a patient cardiac impedance value;, 'receiving signal data representing a plurality of parameters of a patient, said plurality of parameters being concurrently acquired from a patient over a particular time period and comprising at least one of'}using a selected parameter of the plurality of concurrently acquired parameters of a patient in calculating a heart stroke volume of said patient comprising volume of blood transferred through the blood vessel in a heart cycle, in response to, a combination of a weighted summation of values of the selected parameter over said particular time period; andproviding data representing the calculated heart stroke volume to a destination device.2. A method according to ...

IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICE

An implantable medical device comprising a coronary perfusion measurement unit is adapted to measure and determine parameters related to coronary perfusion of heart tissue. The parameters include time periods and perfusion magnitudes. The coronary perfusion measurement unit is configured to determine a time period T related to a perfusion event of a coronary vessel and including includes a reperfusion time period, where a perfusion event is defined as a decrease of coronary perfusion followed by reperfusion, and to generate a time period signal in dependence thereto. The implantable medical device further comprises a coronary flow calculation unit that is adapted to receive the time period signal and that is adapted to process the time period and to generate an ischemia risk indicating index I in dependence of the time period. 1. An implantable medical device comprising:a coronary perfusion measurement unit adapted to measure and determine parameters related to coronary perfusion of heart tissue, the parameters including time periods and perfusion magnitudes, wherein the coronary perfusion measurement unit is configured to determine a time period T related to a perfusion event of a coronary vessel and includes a reperfusion time period, wherein the perfusion event is defined as a decrease of coronary perfusion followed by reperfusion, and wherein the coronary perfusion measurement unit is configured to generate a time period signal in dependence thereto; anda coronary flow calculation unit adapted to receive the time period signal and adapted to process the time period and generate an ischemia risk indicating index I in dependence of the time period.2. The implantable medical device according to claim 1 , wherein the time period T is determined as the time period that starts when the perfusion magnitude is at its minimum and ends when the perfusion magnitude is back to an initial perfusion level.3. The implantable medical device according to claim 1 , wherein the ...

Fitness monitoring

A heart monitoring system for a user includes a body wearable appliance placed on or near the user skin and having one or more sensors to capture fitness data and a wireless transceiver to communicate fitness data; and a processor coupled to the wireless transceiver to receive fitness data.

METHOD OF PROCESSING THORACIC REFLECTED RADIO INTERROGATION SIGNALS

A method of evaluating or monitoring the medical state of a human subject on the subject includes the steps of: positioning an antenna side of a self-contained radio apparatus for non-invasive, thoracic radio interrogation of a human subject proximally to the heart of the human subject; providing a radio frequency interrogation interference signal from the human subject, the radio frequency interrogation interference signal being low frequency components of reflections of a radio interrogation signal transmitted into the thorax of the subject; and determining with the apparatus on the subject at least at least one stroke volume value of the subject from radio frequency interrogation interference signal generated by the apparatus. 1. A method of electronically evaluating medical state of a human subject in near real time on the subject comprising the steps of:positioning an antenna side of a self-contained radio apparatus for non-invasive, thoracic radio interrogation of a human subject proximally to the heart of the human subject outside the human subject, the apparatus including a radio transmitter operably connected to the antenna and configured to transmit only an unmodulated radio frequency interrogation signal of a predetermined, fixed frequency through the antenna and into the proximally positioned human subject; a radio receiver operably connected to the antenna and configured to capture through the antenna reflections of the radio frequency interrogation signal returned from the human subject; processing circuitry including an electronic processor coupled with the radio receiver and a battery power source powering the apparatus;providing a radio frequency interrogation interference signal from the human subject and the radio receiver to the processing circuitry of the apparatus, the radio frequency interrogation interference signal being low frequency components of reflections of a radio interrogation signal transmitted into the thorax of the human subject ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD TO EVALUATE CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

Systems and methods are described herein to evaluate a candidate medication as it relates to a subject's cardiovascular health. A processing component is employed to measure a first value of one or more cardiovascular markers, via a computer, which are associated with a circulatory system of each subject that is to receive the candidate medication. The candidate medication is administered to each subject and a second value of one or more cardiovascular markers are measured subsequent to the administration as of the candidate medication. Continued testing of the candidate medication can be continued dependent upon the change in the one or more cardiovascular markers. 1. A method , comprising:a processing component employed to calculate a first stroke volume of a subject;administering a medication to the subject;calculating a second stroke volume of the subject; andevaluating the disparity between the first stroke volume and the second stroke volume to determine whether to continue administration of the medication,wherein if the second stroke volume is less than or equal to the first stroke volume, administration of the medication is continued and if the second stroke volume is greater than the first stroke volume, administration of the medication is discontinued.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the medication is related to modification of the cardiovascular system of the subject.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the cardiovascular medication is related to hypertension.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second stroke volumes are calculated based upon the same cardiovascular markers.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second stroke volumes are calculated based upon a cardiac output and a heart rate of the subject claim 1 , wherein the first and second stroke volumes are each equal to the cardiac output divided by the heart rate.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second stroke ...

REAL TIME CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM HAVING MEDICAL SYSTEMS AS DISPLAY ELEMENTS

A clinical decision support system for patient treatment that incorporates patient data to display information in readily identifiable icons for vital organs and medical systems, and in a useable, real-time, updated fashion that extracts data from the medical history, the current medical management, the current physiologic monitors, and associated medical systems to produce warnings and alerts to enable caregivers to be made aware of physiologic systems at risk. These data are not only presented, but also use real-time queries and calculations to enable caregivers to have the types of data that would traditionally assist them in patient care but only be available by reviewing the medical literature and/or doing retrospective individual calculations while providing patient care. 1. A clinical decision support system for patient treatment comprising:a monitoring system operably coupled to a patient, said monitoring system passively engaging with the patient, said monitoring system outputting a first monitoring signal in response to a measured parameter of the patient, said monitoring system further operably coupled to a medical system associated with the patient, the medical system actively engaging with the patient to effect a physiological response in the patient, said monitoring system outputting a second monitoring signal in response to a detected condition of the medical system;a controller receiving said first and second monitoring signals and continuously calculating a secondary, non-measurable parameter of the patient based on said measured parameter, said controller outputting a display signal; anda display device operably coupled to said controller and receiving said display signal, said display device having a plurality of display indicia where at least one of the plurality of display indicia is responsive to said display signal, wherein at least one of said plurality of display indicia being substantially shaped as a readily-identifiable organ and operable ...

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING APPARATUS AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING METHOD

An MRI apparatus includes an imaging data acquiring unit and a blood flow information generating unit. The imaging data acquiring unit acquires imaging data from an imaging region including myocardium, without using a contrast medium, by applying a spatial selective excitation pulse to a region including at least a part of an ascending aorta for distinguishably displaying inflowing blood flowing into the imaging region. The blood flow information generating unit generates blood flow image data based on the imaging data. 1. A magnetic resonance imaging apparatus comprising:an imaging data acquiring unit which acquires a plurality of 3-dimensional imaging data each corresponding to mutually different traveling time of inflowing blood flowing into an imaging region including myocardium in synchronization with a heartbeat without administration of a contrast medium, by applying a spatial selective excitation pulse plural times for distinguishably displaying the inflowing blood and by changing a time interval from application timing of the spatial selective excitation pulse to acquisition timing of the imaging data;a blood flow image generating unit which generates a plurality of blood flow image data corresponding to the mutually different traveling time of the inflowing blood based on the plurality of imaging data; anda cardiac function analysis unit which allows obtaining blood flow information indicative of cardiac function of the myocardium based on the plurality of blood flow image data.2. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 1 ,wherein the cardiac function analysis unit is configured to generate profiles of blood signal intensity, corresponding to the plurality of blood flow image data as the blood flow information.3. The magnetic resonance imaging apparatus according to claim 2 ,wherein the cardiac function analysis unit is configured to generate 3-dimensional profiles of the blood signal intensity.4. The magnetic resonance imaging ...

SYSTEMS, METHODS AND DEVICES FOR MAINTENANCE, GUIDANCE AND/OR CONTROL

Methods, systems, devices and computer program products for providing maintenance, guidance and/or control of certain systems are disclosed. Typically, in some aspects the systems are complex. Also disclosed are methods, systems, devices and computer program products for providing therapeutic guidance for controlling a subject's circulation. One such method comprises the steps of: (i) determining the subject's present and desired circulatory states as a function of at least mean systemic filling pressure (P), heart efficiency (E) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR); (ii) determining a target direction of a trajectory from the subject's present circulatory state to said subject's desired circulatory state, wherein treatment of the subject so as to traverse the trajectory will cause the subject's circulatory state to move towards a desired circulatory state; and (iii) visually representing the target direction of the trajectory. 1. A computer-assisted method for assessing a subject's circulation state , said method comprising at least one of the following steps:(i) determining said subject's present circulatory state using parameters sufficient to characterize the present circulatory state; and(ii) determining said subject's desired circulatory state using parameters sufficient to characterize the desired circulatory state.2. The computer assisted method of claim 1 , wherein the method is used for providing a treatment guidance for said subject.3. The computer assisted method of claim 1 , wherein the method is used to measure said subject's circulation state.4. The computer-assisted method of claim 2 , wherein a target direction is determined of a trajectory from said subject's present circulatory state to said subject's desired circulatory state.5. The computer-assisted method of claim 4 , wherein the treatment guidance claim 4 , the target direction and the trajectory are used to assisted in moving said subject's circulatory state along towards a desired ...

Devices, systems and methods for efficient identification of improved crt parameters

Methods, systems and devices efficiently identify cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) pacing parameter set(s) that provide improved hemodynamic response relative to an initial CRT pacing parameter set, wherein each CRT pacing parameter set includes at least two CRT pacing parameters. User input(s) are accepted that specify a maximum amount of time and/or parameter sets that can be used to perform testing, and specify relative importance of parameters within the sets. Based on the accepted user input(s), there is a determination of how many different variations of each of the CRT pacing parameters can be tested, and based on this determination different CRT pacing parameter sets are selected and tested to obtain a hemodynamic response measure corresponding to each of the different sets tested. Additionally, one or more of the tested CRT pacing parameter sets, if any, that provide improved hemodynamic response relative to the initial CRT pacing parameter set is/are identified.

Method and system for optimizing cardiac pacing settings

The present invention relates generally to methods and systems for optimizing stimulation of a heart of a patient. Hemodynamical index signals reflecting a mechanical functioning of a heart of a patient are recorded at different hemodynamical states. Corresponding hemodynamical reference signals at corresponding hemodynamical states are recorded. At least one hemodynamical index parameter is extracted from the recorded hemodynamical index signals. The at least one hemodynamical index parameter is a measure of the mechanical functioning of the heart and a hemodynamical index model is created, wherein the hemodynamical index model is based on the at least one hemodynamical index parameter and a comparison between output results from the hemodynamical index model and corresponding hemodynamical reference signals. From this hemodynamical index model, a hemodynamical index can be derived, which then can be used in determining patient customized cardiac pacing settings of the cardiac stimulator.

PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHIC DEVICE AND METHODS THEREFORE

An optical measurement device and a method for optical measurement are provided. The device comprises an illumination assembly configured to output light to a surface portion of a user for measurement; a detection assembly configured to detect the output light reflected from said surface portion of the user as a signal; an amplifier module coupled to the detection assembly configured to apply a gain to an AC component of the signal; a microcontroller coupled to the detection assembly configured to assess a DC voltage level of the signal; wherein the microcontroller is configured to control the light output at the illumination assembly based on said assessing the DC voltage level; and further wherein the microcontroller is configured to select a gain value for said applying the gain based on said assessing the DC voltage level. Specific embodiments of the device relate to a photoplethysmograph or pulse oximeter.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF AMBIENT NOISE SIGNAL FROM A PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPH

A device and method for removal of ambient noise signal from a photoplethysmographic measurement is provided. The method comprises obtaining a first signal waveform based on detecting light based on a first light illumination; obtaining a second signal waveform based on detecting light based on a second light illumination; tuning the first light and second light illumination such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximised and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced; obtaining a third signal waveform based on detecting ambient light; obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms; and deriving signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ambient noise by subtracting AC and DC average values of the third signal waveform from the first and second signals. 1. A method for removal of ambient noise signal from an optical measurement , the method comprising:obtaining a first signal waveform based on detecting light based on a first light illumination;obtaining a second signal waveform based on detecting light based on a second light illumination;tuning the first light and second light illumination such that the maximum amplitudes of the first and second signal waveforms are maximised and within a predetermined saturation range, such that ambient light interference for the first and second signal waveforms is reduced;obtaining a third signal waveform based on detecting ambient light;obtaining respective maximum and minimum values of the first and the second signal waveforms, said obtaining respective maximum and minimum values being performed at a plurality of identified sample points;performing one or more summation operations based on the plurality of identified sample points; andderiving signal values of the first and second signal waveforms with the removal of ...

PLETHYSMOGRAPH VARIABILITY PROCESSOR

A plethysmograph variability processor inputs a plethysmograph waveform having pulses corresponding to pulsatile blood flow within a tissue site. The processor derives plethysmograph values based upon selected plethysmograph features, determines variability values, and calculates a plethysmograph variability parameter. The variability values indicate the variability of the plethysmograph features. The plethysmograph variability parameter is representative of the variability values and provides a useful indication of various physiological conditions and the efficacy of treatment for those conditions. 1. A plethysmograph variability method comprising:receiving a plethysmograph waveform having pulses corresponding to pulsatile blood flow within a tissue site;determining a plurality of perfusion values corresponding to the pulses, wherein determining the plurality of perfusion values comprises:identifying peaks and valleys of the pulses, andcalculating differential values for the pulses from the peaks and the valleys of the pulses;determining a plurality of variability values each indicative of the variability of a series of the perfusion values, wherein determining a variability value of the plurality of variability values includes calculating a difference between a first perfusion value of a series of perfusion values and a second perfusion value of the series of perfusion values;determining a plethysmograph variability parameter representative of the plurality of variability values; andcausing a display device to display the plethysmograph variability parameter.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining the plurality of perfusion values further comprises normalizing the calculated differential values.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein determining the variability value of the plurality of variability values further comprises normalizing the difference between the first perfusion value and the second perfusion value.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein determining ...

DENTAL APPARATUS, MEDICAL APPARATUS AND CALCULATION METHOD

There is provided a dental apparatus including a light source for emitting a light to irradiate at least one of a tooth, a gum, a plaque and a calculus of an oral cavity, a light detector for detecting fluorescence from the oral cavity emitted to the light irradiated from the light source, and a control unit for outputting first data for visualizing a temporal change in a fluorescence intensity based on the fluorescence detected by the light detector. Also, there is provided a calculation method including irradiating an excited light, detecting a fluorescence intensity, and calculating a temporal change in the fluorescence intensity in a depth direction. 1. A dental apparatus , comprising:a light source for emitting a light to irradiate at least one of a tooth, a gum, a plaque and a calculus of an oral cavity;a light detector for detecting fluorescence from the oral cavity emitted to the light irradiated from the light source; anda control unit for outputting first data for visualizing a temporal change in a fluorescence intensity based on the fluorescence detected by the light detector.2. The dental apparatus according to claim 1 , whereina photosensitizer that is excited by irradiating the light is distributed in a depth direction of the gum such that the photosensitizer is bonded to or incorporated into periodontitis bacteria, andthe control unit outputs the first data based on a fluorescence intensity distribution in the depth direction of the gum from the photosensitizer emitted to the light irradiation.3. The dental apparatus according to claim 2 , whereinthe control unit calculates a temporal change in the fluorescence intensity in the depth direction based on a calculated temporal change in the distribution of the photosensitizer in a ground state in the depth direction, a calculated temporal change in an intensity distribution of the light in the depth direction, and a fluorescence intensity on a surface of the gum detected by the light detector.4. The ...

CERTIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A MEDICAL DEVICE COMPUTER

Provided herein are methods and apparatuses for certifying computers for use in conjunction with medical devices. These methods may be used in conjunction with a computer that includes software for operating the medical device. To certify a particular computer, one or more testing algorithms or routines for processing data, e.g., data representative of a typical output generated by use of the medical device on a patient, may be executed and the results may be compared to an expected result. In particular embodiments, the certification process may use data stored on the device itself to determine certification or may use data stored with or bundled with the software for operating the device. 1. A physiological sensor , comprising:a light emitter;a light detector;a memory element storing information representative of a measurement data output of the light detector and information related to one or more computer compatibility specifications; anda cable coupled to the light emitter and the light detector and configured to couple to a general purpose computer.2. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the information representative of the measurement data output is stored as an analog signal.3. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor comprises a pulse oximetry sensor.4. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the memory element is disposed on or in the cable.5. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the information representative of the measurement data output is generated by a second detector not associated with the physiological sensor.6. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the information related to one or more computer compatibility specifications comprises software version information.7. The physiological sensor of claim 1 , wherein the cable is configured to couple to the general purpose computer via a USB connector.8. A system claim 1 , comprising:a sensor comprising a memory element storing first information related ...

INDICATIONS OF CROSS-SECTION OF SMALL BRANCHED BLOOD VESSELS

Systems and methods of extracting information relating to diameter and/or diameter changes in small blood vessels such as arterioles. This information may be used to assess a degree of vasoconstriction and/or vasodilatation. In one method, changes in vessel cross-section due to pulse wave arrival is assessed in both arterioles and in larger arteries. A time delay between the changes and/or a change in time delay is optionally associated with arteriole cross-section and/or changes therein. 1. A system for measuring an indication of blood vessel cross section in a subject , the system comprising:a) a sensor adapted to perform measurements indicative of a pressure wave in blood vessels in the subject, and to generate first and second signals of the measurements, wherein a larger blood vessel contributes more, relative to smaller blood vessels branching off it, for the first signal than for the second signal; andb) a signal processor adapted to find a time delay between the first and second signals, and to use the time delay to find the indication of cross section for the smaller blood vessels.2. A system according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor is adapted to perform the measurements when it is placed adjacent to a surface of the subject's body claim 1 , with the pressure wave contributing to the first signal from deeper beneath the surface claim 1 , on average claim 1 , than the pressure wave contributes to the second signal.3. A system according to or claim 1 , wherein the signal processor is adapted to find the time delay by finding a difference in timing in a minimum of the pressure wave for the first and second signals.4. A system according to or claim 1 , wherein the signal processor is adapted to find the time delay by finding a difference in timing in a maximum rate of increase of the pressure wave for the first and second signals.5. A system according to or claim 1 , wherein the signal processor is adapted to find the time delay by finding a difference in ...

METHOD FOR CALCULATING OR APPROXIMATING A VALUE REPRESENTING THE RELATIVE BLOOD VOLUME AND DEVICES

The present invention relates to a method for calculating or approximating a value representing the relative blood volume (RBV) at a certain point of time, or a value representing the refilling volume of a patient that may be observed or found during or due to a blood treatment of the patient, the method involving considering one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting an overhydration level of the patient or an approximation thereof. It relates further to an apparatus and a device for carrying out the present invention, a blood treatment device, digital storage means, a computer program product, and a computer program. 123-. (canceled)24. A method for calculating or approximating or predicting a value representing the absolute blood volume (BV) or the relative blood volume (RBV) at a certain point of time or the normalized or normohydrated relative blood volume (RBV(t)) , or a value representing a refilling volume (V refill) of a patient that may be observed or found or calculated or measured during or due to a blood treatment of the patient , the method comprising the step of considering one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting an overhydration (OH) level or an overhydration of the patient or an approximation thereof.25. The method according to claim 24 , wherein for calculating or approximating or predicting a value representing the relative blood volume (RBV) or a value representing the refilling volume (V_refill) claim 24 , the absolute start blood volume (BV_start) upon or before beginning of the blood treatment is considered.26. The method according to claim 25 , wherein for assessing the absolute start blood volume (BV_start) at least one value reflecting the lean mass (LTM) and at least one value reflecting the fat mass (ATM) of the patient's body claim 25 , or approximations thereof claim 25 , are considered.28. The method according to claim 24 , further comprising the step of predicting an end value of the relative blood volume ( ...

Wearable Device for Continuous Cardiac Monitoring

A physiological monitor for measuring a pulsatile motion signal (MoCG) that is delayed from, but at the same rate as, the heartbeat of a user. In one embodiment, the system includes a housing configured to be worn on the body of a user; at least one MoCG sensor, within the housing, that measures a pulsatile motion signal (MoCG) that is delayed from, but at the same rate as, the heartbeat of the user; and at least one data processor that calculates, solely based on an output of the at least one MoCG sensor, at least one of (i) heart rate (HR) and activity level for the user, and (ii) respiratory rate (RR), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) for the user. In another embodiment, the at least one data processor is within the housing. 1. A system comprising:a housing configured to be worn on a body of a user;at least one MoCG sensor, within the housing, that measures a pulsatile motion signal (MoCG) that is delayed from, but at the same rate as, the heartbeat of the user; andat least one data processor that calculates, solely based on an output of the at least one MoCG sensor, at least one of (i) heart rate (HR) and activity level for the user, and (ii) respiratory rate (RR), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO) for the user.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one data processor is within the housing.3. The system of further comprising: at least one data transmitter coupled to the at least one MoCG sensor claim 1 , and wherein the at least one data processor is part of a remote computing system that receives data from the at least one data transmitter.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the remote computing system is selected from a group consisting of: mobile communications devices claim 3 , wearable devices claim 3 , mobile telephones claim 3 , tablet computers claim 3 , data collection devices claim 3 , and network enabled medical devices.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the housing is worn on an extremity of the user.6. The system of ...

IMPLANTABLE HEART MONITORING DEVICE AND METHOD

In an implantable heart monitoring device and method, particularly for monitoring diastolic dysfunction, a control circuit (a) detects the heart rate, (b) derives information correlated to the stroke volume of the heart at the detected heart rate, and (c) stores the detected heart rate and the derived information correlated to the stroke volume in a memory. The control circuit automatically implements (a), (b) and (c) at a number of different occasions for a number of different, naturally varying heart rates, so that the memory contains information indicating the stroke volume as a function of the heart rate. 1. A method for monitoring a heart of a living subject , comprising the steps of:implanting at least one electrode in vivo relative to the heart of a living subject, and emitting a signal from said at least one electrode;placing a control circuit in communication with said at least one electrode;placing a memory in communication with said control circuit; andin said control circuit (a) detecting the heart rate of the subject from said signal (b) deriving information correlated to the stroke volume of the heart at the detected heart rate, and (c) storing the detected heart rate and the derived information correlated to the stroke volume in said memory, and in said control circuit, to automatically executing (a), (b) and (c) at a plurality of different occasions for different, naturally varying heart rates, to enter information into said memory to produce a representation in said memory of the stroke volume as a function of the heart rate.2. A method as claimed in comprising claim 1 , in said control circuit claim 1 , executing (a) claim 1 , (b) and (c) at a plurality of different occasions that occur within a predetermined time period.3. A method as claimed in wherein said predetermined time period is a first predetermined time period claim 2 , and in said control circuit claim 2 , also executing (a) claim 2 , (b) and (c) during a plurality of further different ...

GAS-FILLED MICROBUBBLES AND SYSTEMS FOR GAS DELIVERY

Compressible and concentrated suspensions containing gas-filled microbubbles, uses thereof for delivering gas into a subject in need thereof, and systems for delivering the compressible suspensions. The gas-filled microbubbles each comprise a gas core surrounded by a lipid membrane, which includes (a) one or more lipids, such as 1,2-disteroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), and (b) one or more stabilizing detergents, such as poloxamer 188, Pluronic F108, Pluronic F127, polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether, cholesterol, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and sodium deoxycholate (NaDoc). 1. A gas-filled microbubble , comprising a lipid membrane encapsulating a gas core , wherein the lipid membrane contains (a) 1 ,2-disteroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) or dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) , and (b) one or more stabilizing detergents selected from the group consisting of poloxamer 188 , a poloxamer having a molecular weight lower than that of poloxamer 188 , Pluronic F108 , Pluronic F127 , polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether , cholesterol , gelatin , polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) , and sodium deoxycholate (NaDoc).2. The gas-filled microbubble of claim 1 , wherein the one or more stabilizing detergents are poloxamer 188 claim 1 , polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether claim 1 , cholesterol claim 1 , Pluronic F108 claim 1 , and PVP.3. The gas-filled microbubble of claim 1 , wherein the microbubble has a diameter of 1 to 10 microns.4. (canceled)5. The gas-filled microbubble of claim 1 , wherein the gas core consists of oxygen claim 1 , carbon dioxide claim 1 , carbon monoxide claim 1 , nitric oxide claim 1 , inhalational anesthetic claim 1 , hydrogen sulfide claim 1 , or a mixture thereof.6. (canceled)7. The gas-filled microbubble of claim 1 , wherein the lipid membrane contains:DSPC and poloxamer 188;DSPC and polyoxyethylene (100) stearyl ether;DSPC and cholesterol;DSPC, poloxamer 188, and PVP, orDSPC, Pluronic F108, PVP ...

ANGIOSOME-BASED PERFUSION MONITORING SYSTEM

A compression device includes at least one pressurizable bladder to substantially occlude blood flow into skin capillary beds adjacent to the at least one pressurizable bladder, and a plurality of perfusion sensors. In operation a first-angiosome sensor detects the perfusion parameter of a skin capillary bed in a first angiosome of the limb, and a second-angiosome sensor detects the perfusion parameter of a skin capillary bed in a second angiosome of the limb that is different from the first angiosome. A control circuit maps sensor signals from the first-angiosome sensor to the first angiosome or a first artery of the limb, and maps sensor signals from the second-angiosome sensor to the second angiosome or a second artery of the limb different from the first artery of the limb. For each perfusion sensor, the control circuit determines whether the received sensor signals are indicative of peripheral artery disease. 1. An angiosome-based perfusion monitoring system for peripheral artery disease , the monitoring system comprising: at least one pressurizable bladder configured to exert a suitable compressive force on the limb of the subject when pressurized to substantially occlude blood flow into skin capillary beds adjacent to the at least one pressurizable bladder, and', 'a plurality of spaced apart perfusion sensors located generally adjacent the at least one pressurizable bladder, each perfusion sensor configured to detect a perfusion parameter of skin capillary beds adjacent the perfusion sensor for quantifying skin capillary bed perfusion and generate a signal indicative of the perfusion parameter,', 'wherein the perfusion sensors are located on the compression device such that in operation at least one sensor of the plurality of perfusion sensors is a first-angiosome sensor for detecting the perfusion parameter of a skin capillary bed in a first angiosome of the limb and at least one sensor of the plurality of perfusion sensors is a second-angiosome sensor for ...

Harness with sensors

A garment for ambulatory, physiological monitoring of a patient includes a belt, having first and second end portion with closures at the end portions to wrap around a user's chest, a strap having a first end coupled to a portion of the belt with the strap having a second end, a pair of shoulder strap portions each shoulder strap portion having a first end coupled together at the second end of the strap and a second end, and a back portion that joins the second ends of the pair of shoulder strap portions, with at least one of the belt, strap portions and back portion having an accommodation for carrying a sensor. Other embodiments are described.

Sequential compression therapy compliance monitoring systems and methods

A system includes a sequential compression device (SCD) used by a patient as part of a sequential compression therapy (SCT) protocol. The system also includes a computer device that determines whether the SCD is in use in substantially real time in compliance with the protocol. The computer device initiates a notification to a caregiver if noncompliance with the SCT protocol is detected.

ARTERIAL AND VENOUS BLOOD METRICS

A medical device including a probe configured to be orally inserted into a lumen extending into the thorax of the subject, a plurality of electrodes, and a control circuit. The probe includes a first electrode. The plurality of electrodes includes at least one second electrode and at least one third electrode configured to be disposed externally on the thorax of the subject on a first side of a sternum of the subject and a second side of the sternum of the subject, respectively, the second side opposite the first side. The control circuit is electrically coupled to the first electrode and the at least one second and third electrodes and configured to measure an impedance between the first electrode and each of the at least one second and third electrodes and determine a ratio of arterial blood volume relative to venous blood volume based upon the measured impedance. 1. A medical device comprising:a probe configured to be orally inserted into a lumen of a subject that extends into the thorax of the subject, the probe including a first electrode;a plurality of electrodes including at least one second electrode configured to be disposed externally on the thorax of the subject on a first side of a sternum of the subject and at least one third electrode configured to be disposed externally on the thorax of the subject on a second side of the sternum of the subject that is opposite the first side; anda control circuit, electrically coupled to the first electrode, the at least one second electrode, and the at least one third electrode, the control circuit configured to measure an impedance between the first electrode and each of the at least one second and third electrodes and determine a ratio of arterial blood volume relative to venous blood volume based upon the measured impedance.2. The medical device of claim 1 , wherein the control circuit is further configured to measure the impedance between the first electrode and each of the at least one second and third ...

System or Method for Assessing a Subject's Peripheral Blood Circulation

A system for assessing blood circulation in a subject's limb, including detection means for detecting a signal dependent upon the arterial blood volume in a limb of the subject when the subject is in a first posture and also when the subject is in a second posture, different to the first posture; and processing means for calculating a quantitative indicator that is dependent upon the ratio of the signal for the first posture to the signal for the second posture. 1. A system for assessing blood circulation in a subject's limb , comprising:detection means for detecting a signal dependent upon the arterial blood volume in a limb of the subject when the subject is in a first posture and also when the subject is in a second posture, different to the first posture; andprocessing means for calculating a quantitative indicator that is dependent upon the ratio of the signal for the first posture to the signal for the second posture.2. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the quantitative indicator is directly proportional to the ratio of the signal for the first posture to the signal for the second posture.3. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the signal is a pulsating component of a measured parameter claim 1 , the measured parameter being dependent upon the blood volume in the subject's limb.4. A system as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the calculation of the quantitative indicator is additionally dependent upon the ratio of a non-pulsating component of the measured parameter for the second posture to a non-pulsating component of the measured parameter for the first posture.5. A system as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the quantitative indicator is directly proportional to the ratio of the non-pulsating component of the measured parameter for the second posture to the non-pulsating component of the measured parameter for the first posture.6. A system as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the detection means comprises measurement means operable to measure a parameter ...

System and Method for Measuring Absolute Cardiac Volume Using a Combined Blood and Muscle Conductivity Model

A method for real-time observation of absolute ventricular volume wherein electrical measurements are made with a tetra polar catheter and compared to electrical measurements in a database, said database being assembled using electric field theory to predict the non-linear relation between blood volume and electrical measurements between a fist limit characterized by an infinitely thick volume of blood and second limit characterized by infinitely thick tissue completely surrounding the catheter. The calculations are performed under the assumption that the blood is surrounded by an infinitely thick region of tissue. 1. A method for determining absolute volume of a physical lumen , the method comprising:obtaining a plurality of admittance measurements;determining a first admittance value representative of the lumen at a peak volume;determining a second admittance value representative of the lumen at a lowest volume; anddetermining an instantaneous volume of the lumen using the first and second admittance values and at least one predetermined calibration parameter.2. The method of wherein the plurality of admittance measurements are obtained using a catheter.3. The method of wherein the catheter has more than 4 electrodes.4. The method of wherein the plurality of admittance measurements are transmitted to a volume processing module to determine the instantaneous volume.5. The method of wherein the plurality of admittance measurements are obtained using an implantable device.6. The method of wherein the implantable device wirelessly transmits the plurality of admittance measurements to an externally located volume processing module.7. The method of wherein the volume being measured is the volume of blood in a left ventricle.8. The method of wherein only a conductance component of the admittance is measured.9. The method of wherein admittance of an end diastolic volume (EDV) and admittance of an end systolic volume (ESV) are determined by comparing a blood pressure plot ...

Apparatus for physiological and environmental monitoring with optical and footstep sensors

Wearable apparatus for monitoring various physiological and environmental factors are provided. Real-time, noninvasive health and environmental monitors include a plurality of compact sensors integrated within small, low-profile devices, such as earpiece modules. Physiological and environmental data is collected and wirelessly transmitted into a wireless network, where the data is stored and/or processed.

Motion artifact mitigation methods and devices for pulse photoplethysmography

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward devices, apparatus, and methods for interfacing a PPG apparatus with the skin surface of a patient and sensing artifacts due to surface motion attributable to contact-based surface motion at or near where the apparatus in contact with the skin surface of the patient. The devices, apparatus, and methods include circuitry that contacts the skin surface of the patient, illuminates tissue at the surface, and senses a pulse photoplethysmography (PPG) signal of the patient in response thereto. Further, the circuitry senses artifacts due to surface motion, and responds to the sensed PPG signal by processing the sensed PPG signal relative to the sensed artifacts to produce a version of the sensed PPG signal that is indicative local blood volume and composition of the patient, and filtered to suppress noise therein due to the contact-based surface motion.

Concentration-measurement device and concentration-measurement method

A concentration measurement apparatus measures a temporal relative change amount (ΔcHb, ΔO 2 Hb) of either or both of total hemoglobin concentration and oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the head that vary due to repetition of chest compression, and includes a light incidence section making measurement light incident on the head, a light detection section detecting the measurement light propagated through the interior of the head and generating a detection signal in accordance with the intensity of the measurement light, and a CPU determining, based on the detection signal, the relative change amount (ΔcHb, ΔO 2 Hb) and performing a filtering process of removing frequency components less than a predetermined frequency from frequency components contained in the relative change amount (ΔcHb, ΔO 2 Hb).

METHOD OF MEASURING AN ARTEFACT REMOVED PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHIC (PPG) SIGNAL AND A MEASUREMENT SYSTEM

A method of measuring an artefact removed photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal and a measurement system for measuring an artefact removed photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal are provided. The method comprises obtaining a first set of PPG signals from a plurality of detectors at respective measurement sites using a first illumination; obtaining a second set of PPG signals from the plurality of detectors using a second illumination; obtaining at least two pairs of PPG signals, each pair comprising one PPG signal from the first set and one PPG signal from the second set, and for each pair, computing an artefact reference signal to obtain a candidate PPG signal; and choosing one of the candidate PPG signals as the artefact removed PPG signal. 1. A method of measuring an artefact removed photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal , the method comprising ,obtaining a first set of PPG signals from a plurality of detectors at respective measurement sites using a first illumination;obtaining a second set of PPG signals from the plurality of detectors using a second illumination;obtaining at least two pairs of PPG signals, each pair comprising one PPG signal from the first set and one PPG signal from the second set, and for each pair, computing an artefact reference signal to obtain a candidate PPG signal; andchoosing one of the candidate PPG signals as the artefact removed PPG3. The method as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the considered artefact reference signals are separated into a plurality of subspaces claim 2 , further wherein from each of said plurality of subspaces claim 2 , a selected artefact reference signal is applied to a filter with one of said one PPG signal from the first set and one PPG signal from the second set to determine a subspace for analysis.4. The method as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the step of choosing one of the candidate PPG signals comprises using one or more parameters to compare the candidate PPG signals.5. The method as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the ...

MOBILE CARDIAC HEALTH MONITORING

Techniques for mobile cardiac health monitoring are disclosed. In some embodiments, a system for mobile cardiac health monitoring includes a mobile device that includes a processor configured to receive a first set of data from an optical sensor; receive a second set of data from an electrical sensor; and perform a plurality of cardiac health measurements using the first set of data from the optical sensor and the second set of data from the electrical sensor. 1. A system for mobile cardiac health monitoring , comprising: receive a first set of data from an optical sensor;', 'receive a second set of data from an electrical sensor; and', 'perform a plurality of cardiac health measurements using the first set of data from the optical sensor and the second set of data from the electrical sensor; and, 'a processor of a mobile device, wherein the processor is configured toa memory coupled to the processor and configured to provide the processor with instructions.2. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrical sensor includes an electrocardiography (ECG) sensor claim 1 , and wherein the plurality of cardiac health measurements includes one or more of following: ECG claim 1 , heart rate claim 1 , blood pressure claim 1 , and cardiac output.3. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrical sensor is integrated in a case for the mobile device.4. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the electrical sensor is integrated with the mobile device.5. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:control a resolution and sampling rate of the optical sensor.6. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:determine a blood pressure and a cardiac output related index of a user using the first set of data from the optical sensor and the second set of data from the electrical sensor.7. The system recited in claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to:determine a Pulse Wave Transit Time ( ...

Apparatus and Method for determining a volume amount of a physiological volume

An apparatus and a method for determining the volume amount of a physiological volume (EVLW) from the system response to two successive system disturbances, taking into account that an intrinsic physical property of the physiological volume is influenced by the first (or previous, respectively) system disturbance, is described. By introducing a cold bolus to the central venous blood stream, a flowed-by volume, such as extravascular lung water, is cooled down. The driving temperature gradient for heat transfer is reduced when a second cold bolus is introduced. From the difference of the system response to the first bolus injection and the second bolus injection EVLW can be determined. 1. An apparatus for determining at least one volume amount of a respective physiological volume flowed through and/or flowed by in a through-flow region by a blood stream , comprisinga controller for providing data characterising at least two changes of an intrinsic physical property of respective travelling blood volume elements of said blood stream at a first location upstream of said through-flow region at respective points in time,a sensor for measuring said intrinsic physical property in said blood stream at a second location downstream of said through-flow region,an evaluator comprising an input channel for reading in measurement readings from the sensor and storage for storing said measurement readings over time,wherein the evaluator is adapted to calculate from said data characterising said changes and said measurement readings said at least one volume amount employing a non-linear relation between said at least one volume amount and the course of said intrinsic physical property at said second location over time as represented by said measurement readings,said non-linear relation models a change of an intrinsic physical property of said physiological volume due to heat and/or mass exchange occurring between said physiological volume and previous travelling blood volume elements ...

Apparatus, systems and methods for monitoring and evaluating cardiopulmonary functioning

Wearable apparatus for monitoring various physiological and environmental factors are provided. Real-time, noninvasive health and environmental monitors include a plurality of compact sensors integrated within small, low-profile devices, such as earpiece modules. Physiological and environmental data is collected and wirelessly transmitted into a wireless network, where the data is stored and/or processed.

Method for Determining non-invasively a Heart-Lung Interaction

The present disclosure concerns a method for determining a heart-lung interaction factor of a subject, comprising: measuring a heart activity-related signal comprising heart activity-related information; from the heart activity-related signal, calculating a frequency of cardiac cycle and a frequency of respiratory cycle; from the heart activity-related signal, determining a cardiac cycle energy at the frequency of cardiac cycle, determining a respiratory cycle energy at the frequency of respiratory cycle, and determining a heart-lung interaction energy at an intermodulation frequency corresponding to the difference between the frequency of respiratory cycle and the frequency of cardiac cycle, or the sum of the frequency of respiratory cycle and the frequency of cardiac cycle; and determining a heart-lung interaction factor from the ratio of the heart-lung interaction energy and one of the cardiac cycle energy and the respiratory cycle energy. The heart-lung interaction factor can be determined non-invasively.

Wearable Cardiac Monitor

Systems, methods and devices for reducing noise in cardiac monitoring including wearable monitoring devices having at least one electrode for cardiac monitoring; in some implementations, the wearable device using a composite adhesive having at least one conductive portion applied adjacent the electrode; and, in some implementations, including circuitry adaptations for the at least one electrode to act as a proxy driven right leg electrode. 2. A device according to wherein conductive adhesive portion of the composite adhesive is connected to respective sensor and adapted to be substantially securely connected to the skin to maintain the respective sensor substantially fixed relative to the skin and thereby one or both reduce or eliminate possible sensor movement relative to the skin.3. A device according to wherein the connection of the conductive adhesive portion to the respective sensor and to the skin removes movement of the sensor relative to the skin which removes noise which provides a clean signal.4. A device according to wherein the physiological parameter includes one or more signals for one or more or all of electrocardiography claim 1 , photoplethysmography claim 1 , pulse oximetry or subject acceleration.5. A device according to wherein the conductive sensor is an electrode for electrocardiography.6. A device according to wherein the electrode is a proxy driven-right-leg electrode.7. A device according to comprisinga plurality of conductive sensors connected to the substrate,the composite adhesive having a plurality of conductive adhesive portions,the plurality of conductive adhesive portions being disposed in conductive communicative contact with respective ones of the plurality of conductive sensors, and being adapted to be conductively adhered to the skin of the subject for conductive signal communication from the subject to the conductive sensor.8. A device according to wherein the plurality of conductive sensors include at least one claim 7 , two or ...

REFLECTIVE SURFACES FOR PPG SIGNAL DETECTION

Reflective surfaces for the apertures of PPG optical components in PPG systems is disclosed. In a PPG system or device, the addition of reflective surfaces around, under, or near the apertures of the optical components can enhance the amount of light received by the light detector. As a result, the measured PPG signal strength can be higher and more accurate compared to the same PPG device without reflective surfaces. The reflective surfaces can reflect and/or recycle light that is incident upon the reflective surfaces back into the skin for eventual capture of the light by the light detectors. In some examples, the reflective surfaces can be diffuse or specular reflectors and/or can be configured to selectively reflect one or more wavelengths of light. In some examples, the back crystal and/or component mounting plane of the PPG system can be made of the same material as the reflective surfaces. 1. An electronic device comprising:a plurality of light emitters for emitting first light; a plurality of first cavities through which the first light is emitted, and', 'a plurality of first reflectors circumferentially surrounding the plurality of first cavities;, 'a light emitting section includinga plurality of light sensors for receiving second light; and a plurality of second cavities through which the second light is received, and', 'a plurality of second reflectors circumferentially surrounding the plurality of second cavities., 'a light sensing section including2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the light emitting section further includes a plurality of first windows claim 1 , and the light sensing section further includes a plurality of second windows.3. The electronic device of claim 2 , further comprising:an optical isolation located between the plurality of first cavities and the plurality of second cavities,wherein the plurality of first reflectors is located between the optical isolation and the plurality of first windows, andwherein the plurality ...

WEARABLE MONITORING DEVICES WITH PASSIVE AND ACTIVE FILTERING

A wearable device includes a housing with a window and an electronic module supported by the housing. The electronic module includes a photoplethysmography sensor, a motion sensor, and a signal processor that processes signals from the motion sensor and signals from the photoplethysmography sensor. The signal processor is configured to remove frequency bands from the photoplethysmography sensor signals that are outside of a range of interest using a band-pass filter to produce pre-conditioned signals, and to further process the pre-conditioned signals using the motion sensor signals to reduce motion artifacts from footsteps during subject running. The device includes non-air light transmissive material in optical communication with the photoplethysmography sensor and the window that serves as a light guide for the photoplethysmography sensor. The window optically exposes the photoplethysmography sensor to a body of a subject wearing the device via the non-air light transmissive material. 1. An ear-worn device , comprising:a housing comprising at least one window;an electronic module supported by the housing, the electronic module comprising at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor, at least one motion sensor, and at least one signal processor configured to process signals from the at least one motion sensor and signals from the at least one PPG sensor, wherein the at least one signal processor is configured to remove frequency bands from the signals from the at least one PPG sensor that are outside of a range of interest using at least one band-pass filter to produce pre-conditioned signals, and to further process the pre-conditioned signals using the signals from the at least one motion sensor to reduce motion artifacts from footsteps during subject running; andnon-air light transmissive material in optical communication with the at least one PPG sensor and the window that serves as a light guide for the at least one PPG sensor, wherein the at least one ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AN ADJUSTED FLUID RESPONSIVENESS METRIC

The present invention relates to physiological signal processing, and in particular to methods and systems for processing physiological signals to predict a fluid responsiveness of a patient. A medical monitor for monitoring a patient includes an input receiving a photoplethysmograph (PPG) signal representing light absorption by a patient's tissue. The monitor also includes a perfusion status indicator indicating a perfusion status of the PPG signal, and a fluid responsiveness predictor (FRP) calculator programmed to calculate an FRP value based on a respiratory variation of the PPG signal. The FRP calculator applies a correction factor based on the perfusion status indicator. 1. A medical monitor for monitoring a subject , comprising: receive sensor type identification data of a photoplethysmograph (PPG) sensor;', "receive a PPG signal representing light absorption by a subject's tissue from the PPG sensor;"], 'a sensor port configured to determine sensor type of the PPG sensor based on the received sensor type identification data;', 'choose at least one fluid responsiveness predictor (FRP) calculation setting based on the determined sensor type; and', 'calculate an FRP value based on a respiratory variation of the PPG signal, and based on the at least one chosen FRP calculation setting; and, 'a processor configured toa display configured to display the FRP value.2. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor type is at least one of: a forehead sensor claim 1 , a finger sensor claim 1 , a toe sensor claim 1 , an ear sensor claim 1 , a nose sensor claim 1 , a neonate sensor claim 1 , a pediatric sensor claim 1 , and an adult sensor.3. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor port is configured to receive the sensor type identification data from the PPG sensor.4. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the sensor port is configured to receive the sensor type identification data from a cable that communicatively connects the PPG sensor and the medical monitor.5. The ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF ASSESSING ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION

A medical diagnostic system and method for assessing endothelial function comprise adjusting a reactive hyperemia indicator, measured in response to a stimulus, based on an anthropomorphic and/or demographic variable. The adjusted reactive hyperemia indicator provides a more accurate reflection of endothelial function and can be communicated to a clinician. 1. A method for assessing endothelial function in a mammal , the method comprising:applying a stimulus to generate reactive hyperemia;measuring a reactive hyperemia indicator;adjusting the reactive hyperemia indicator based on an anthropomorphic and/or demographic variable to arrive at an endothelial function indicator; andcommunicating the endothelial function indicator to a clinician.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anthropomorphic or demographic variable comprises a lean body mass of the mammal.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive hyperemia indicator comprises at least one of a hemodynamic parameter or a temperature.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the hemodynamic parameter comprises at least one of a volume; a pressure; an amplitude claim 3 , a frequency claim 3 , or a shape of a plethysmographic wave form; a blood vessel diameter; peripheral arterial tone changes; or any derivative thereof.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the temperature comprises a fingertip temperature.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reactive hyperemia indicator comprises a percentage of flow-mediated dilation.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein measuring the percentage of flow-mediated dilation comprises assessing a change in arterial volume of a limb segment of the mammal.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein assessing the change in arterial volume of the limb segment comprises:determining amplitudes of component pulse waves of detected volume pulse waves of the limb segment detected during a baseline period prior to applying the stimulus to determine a baseline arterial volume;determining amplitudes of component ...

BLOOD VOLUME MONITOR

A blood volume monitor includes a carrier mountable on a subject's body part. A measuring arrangement is mounted on the carrier. The measuring arrangement provides data relating to a change in volume of the body part, and outputs signals representative of the change. A control unit is in communication with the measuring arrangement to process data output by the measuring arrangement to determine, using the volume data, the volume of the body part and determines blood volume in the body part. The control unit uses the response signals received from the measuring arrangement and the determined volume of the part of the body to determine the blood volume. 1. A blood volume monitor comprising:a carrier mountable about a part of a body of a subject;an array mounted on the carrier, the array comprising at least one volume sensor configured to provide volume data relating to a volume of the part of the body of the subject underlying the carrier and configured to measure change in volume of the part of the body of the subject underlying the carrier and configured to output response signals representative of the change in volume; anda controller in communication with the array, configured to process data output by the array to determine, using the volume data, the volume of the part of the body of the subject underlying the carrier and to determine blood volume in the part of the body of the subject, the controller configured to use the response signals received from the array and the determined volume of the part of the body to determine the blood volume.2. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the response signals represent a blood impedance value of blood in the part of the body of the subject.3. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the carrier is in the form of a sleeve of a resiliently flexible material.4. The monitor of claim 1 , wherein the array comprises a sensor array comprising a plurality of sets of sensors configured to measure changes in impedance in the part of the ...

Device, system and method for generating biofeedback

An apparatus (10) for generating biofeedback, in particular during a relaxation exercise for lowering blood pressure, comprises at least one interface (12, 13) for receiving a pulse wave signal that represents a pressure pulse or volume pulse of a pulse wave in a blood circulation system as a function of time and an ECG signal. The apparatus (10) comprises an evaluation device (11) that is configured to determine a pulse transit time on the basis of the pulse wave signal and the ECG signal, perform an evaluation of a pulse wave form of the pulse wave signal and generate the biofeedback (31) depending on the pulse transit time and/or the evaluation of the pulse wave form. The apparatus (10) comprises an output interface (14, 30) for providing the biofeedback (31).

NON-INVASIVE BIOMETRIC SENSOR BASED ON ORGANIC PHOTODETECTOR

Disclosed is a non-invasive biometric sensor including a light source, an organic photodetector, and a detector. The light source is configured to irradiate light in a desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) wavelength range to a body part. The organic photodetector is configured to sense the light in the desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) wavelength range in response to the light in the desired (and/or alternatively predetermined) range being transmitted through the body part. The detector is configured to determine biomedical information of the body part based on an amount of the light sensed by the organic photodetector. 1. A non-invasive biometric sensor comprising:a light source configured to irradiate light in a desired wavelength range to a body part;an organic photodetector configured to sense the light in the desired wavelength range in response to the light in the desired wavelength range being transmitted through the body part; anda detector configured to determine biomedical information of the body part based on an amount of the light sensed by the organic photodetector.2. The non-invasive biometric sensor of claim 1 , whereinthe light source and the organic photodetector face each other such that the body part may be positioned between the light source and the organic photodetector, andan angle between the light source and the organic photodetector is about 180°.3. The non-invasive biometric sensor of claim 1 , whereinthe desired wavelength is a range of about 750 nm to about 1100 nm if the biomedical information is a blood glucose concentration,the desired wavelength range is about 680 nm to about 750 nm if the biomedical information is a heartbeat rate, andthe desired wavelength is a range of about 770 nm to about 950 nm if the biomedical information is a vein image.4. The non-invasive biometric sensor of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the organic photodetector is greater than 0 μm and less than or equal to about 10 μm.5. The non- ...

METHOD FOR CALCULATING OR APPROXIMATING A VALUE REPRESENTING THE RELATIVE BLOOD VOLUME AND DEVICES

The present invention relates to a method for calculating or approximating a value representing the relative blood volume (RBV) at a certain point of time, or a value representing the refilling volume of a patient that may be observed or found during or due to a blood treatment of the patient, the method involving considering one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting an overhydration level of the patient or an approximation thereof. It relates further to an apparatus and a device for carrying out the present invention, a blood treatment device, digital storage means, a computer program product, and a computer program. 1. A method for calculating or approximating or predicting a value representing the absolute blood volume (BV) or the relative blood volume (RBV) at a certain point of time or the normalized or normohydrated relative blood volume (RBV_normohyd(t)) , or a value representing a refilling volume (V_refill) of a patient that may be observed or found or calculated or measured during or due to a blood treatment of the patient , the method comprising the step of considering one or more calculated or measured value(s) reflecting an overhydration (OH) level or an overhydration of the patient or an approximation thereof.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein for calculating or approximating or predicting a value representing the relative blood volume (RBV) or a value representing the refilling volume (V_refill) claim 1 , the absolute start blood volume (BV_start) upon or before beginning of the blood treatment is considered.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein for assessing the absolute start blood volume (BV_start) at least one value reflecting the lean mass (LTM) and at least one value reflecting the fat mass (ATM) of the patient's body claim 2 , or approximations thereof claim 2 , are considered.4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of predicting an end value of the relative blood volume (RBV) arrived at by ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR IMAGE PROCESSING TO DETERMINE BLOOD FLOW

Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart, and create a three-dimensional model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create a physics-based model relating to a blood flow characteristic of the patient's heart and determine a fractional flow reserve within the patient's heart based on the three-dimensional model and the physics-based model. 1184-. (canceled)185. A method for processing images to determine cardiovascular information , comprising the steps of:receiving image data including a plurality of coronary arteries originating from an aorta;processing the image data to generate three-dimensional shape models of the coronary arteries;simulating a blood flow for the generated three-dimensional shape models of the coronary arteries; anddetermining a fractional flow reserve (FFR) of the coronary arteries based on a blood flow simulation result, wherein in the step of simulating the blood flow, a computational fluid dynamics model is applied to the three-dimensional shape models of the coronary arteries, a lumped parameter model is combined with the computational fluid dynamics model, and a simplified coronary artery circulation model including coronary arteries, capillaries of the coronary arteries and coronary veins is used as the lumped parameter model.186. The method of claim 185 , wherein claim 185 , when simulating the blood flow claim 185 , when applying the computational fluid dynamics model to the three-dimensional shape models of the coronary arteries claim 185 , using an aorta blood pressure pattern as an inlet boundary condition.187. The method of claim 185 , wherein simulating the blood flow comprises determining lengths of centerlines of the three- ...

Pressure Sensing Ventricular Assist Devices and Methods of Use

The invention generally relates to heart pump systems. In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is provided with a heart pump, either at the inflow or the outflow of the blood pump. The heart pump may further include a flow estimator based on a rotor drive current signal delivered to the rotor. Based on the rotor drive current signal, a differential pressure across the pump may be calculated. The differential pressure in combination with the pressure measurements from the pressure sensor may be used to calculate pressure on the opposite side of the pump from the pressure sensor. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor is located at the outflow of the pump and the pump is coupled with the left ventricle. The differential pressure and pressure measurement may be used to calculate a left ventricular pressure waveform of the patient. With such a measurement, other physiological parameters may be derived.

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CLOSED-LOOP PATIENT-ADAPTIVE HEMODYNAMIC MANAGEMENT

A system and method for patient-adaptive hemodynamic management is described. One embodiment includes a system for hemodynamic management including transfusion, volume resuscitation with intravenous fluids, and medications, utilizing monitored hemodynamic parameters including the described dynamic predictors of fluid responsiveness, and including an intelligent algorithm capable of adaptation of the function of the device to specific patients. 1. A computer-implemented method for providing clinical decision support relating to the administration of fluid to a patient , the method comprising:determining a first effect on a physiologic parameter of the patient associated with administration of a first fluid bolus to the patient;storing, using a processor, first information relating to the first effect in a first bolus log entry;determining a second effect on the physiologic parameter of the patient associated with administration of a second fluid bolus to the patient;storing, using a processor, second information relating to the second effect in a second bolus log entry; andproviding, using the processor, a fluid administration recommendation based at least in part upon at least one of the first bolus log entry and the second bolus log entry.2. A computer-implemented method for providing clinical decision support relating to the administration of fluid to a patient , the method comprising:receiving bolus log information relating to one or more effects on a state of the patient associated with prior administration of fluid to the patient;determining, using a processor and based upon the bolus log information, a predicted change in a physiologic parameter of the patient in response to the administration of a fluid bolus to the patient; andproviding, using the processor, a fluid administration recommendation based upon the predicted change.3. A computer-implemented method for facilitating the administration of fluid to a patient , the method comprising:receiving bolus ...

IMAGING APPARATUS FOR DIAGNOSIS AND PROBE

An imaging apparatus for diagnosis is provided in which a simpler configuration enables an anatomical technique and a physiological technique to be used in combination. The imaging apparatus for diagnosis disclosed herein includes a first calculator for calculating a parameter indicating each deformation degree of measurement slit portions, by using a tomographic image including the measurement slit portions which are disposed at different positions in an axial direction of a probe unit and whose cross-sectional shape is deformed in response to a pressure applied to the probe unit, and a second calculator for calculating a value corresponding to a myocardial fractional flow reserve, based on the calculated parameter. 1. An imaging apparatus for diagnosis comprising:a probe unit that includes a sheath and a transmitting and receiving unit located in the sheath, the transmitting and receiving unit transmitting and receiving a signal, the transmitting and receiving unit being controlled so as to transmit and receive the signal while rotating inside the sheath in a circumferential direction or while rotating in the circumferential direction and moving in an axial direction, the probe unit including deformation portions whose cross-sectional shape is deformable in response to an external pressure, the deformation portions being disposed at different positions of the sheath in the axial direction;first calculation means for calculating multiple parameters which indicate a deformation degree of the respective deformation portions disposed at the different positions in the axial direction, by using a tomographic image including the deformation portions; andsecond calculation means for calculating a value corresponding to a myocardial fractional flow reserve, based on the multiple parameters.2. The imaging apparatus for diagnosis according to claim 1 ,wherein the deformation portion has a rectangular parallelepiped shape having a predetermined length in the axial direction, ...

Method and system for estimating momentary cardiovascular performance reserve

The invention relates to a method for determining a cardiovascular performance reserve for each individual patient, comprising the steps of: a) receiving input physiological data from the patient for obtaining a parameter Z which is or approximates the product of the Stroke Volume (SV) by the Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR); b) providing a value representing the Respiratory Rate (RR) of said patient, wherein the Respiratory Rate (RR) value is provided by measurements using dedicated device(s), calculations from the input physiological data or manually by using best estimate; c) providing anthropometric data of said patient for calculating the Body Surface Area (BSA) of said individual, wherein the anthropometric data includes at least body dimensions (such as height and weight) of said patient; d) calculating the Cardiovascular Reserve (CVR) by using said Z parameter and said RR according to following formula: CVR=(Z/RR); e) calculating a Cardiovascular Reserve Index (CVRI) by standardizing said CVR (by said BSA) and normalizing it to a scale of 1 according to the following formula: CVRI=CVR/(BSA*4); and outputting said Cardiovascular Reserve Index.

EVALUATION SYSTEM OR DETERMINATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION PARAMETERS

An evaluation system for determination of cardiovascular function parameters is provided. The evaluation system includes a data reading module, an image generating module, a contour determination module, an active contour module, a geometric center axis computing module, a view angle selection module and a function evaluation module. After reading cardiovascular graphic files with the data reading module, the image generating module displays 2D images or a 3D image constructed from the 2D images. Then, active contours are generated by the contour determination module and the active contour module, so as for the geometric center axis computing module to calculate geometric center axes. The view angle selection module then rotates the 3D image according to the view angle data received and modifies the 2D image files accordingly to generate plural cross-section images of the 3D image. Finally, the function evaluation module calculates evaluation parameters according to the geometric center axes. Thus, evaluation parameters can be derived from cardiovascular ultrasound images for clinical diagnosis in the evaluation of cardiovascular functions. 1. An evaluation system for determination of cardiovascular function parameters , to be implemented in a computer hardware system , the evaluation system comprising:a data reading module for reading at least an graphic file, each said graphic file comprising a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) image files which are related to one another and are successively created at a plurality of time points in a time sequence;an image generating module for displaying the 2D image files as a plurality of 2D images and a 3D image constructed from the 2D images;a contour determination module for receiving point selection information generated by a user by selecting points in any said 2D image corresponding to an initial said time point, and for determining an initial contour in each said 2D image corresponding to the initial time point ...

FLUID RESPONSIVENESS DETECTION DEVICE AND METHOD

A liquid reactivity detection device and method. The liquid reactivity detection device includes: a breathing signal acquisition module, a hemodynamic signal acquisition module and a liquid reactivity detection module. The breathing signal acquisition module and the hemodynamic signal acquisition module work in cases where the subject is in any one of the following breathing modes: a spontaneous breathing mode, a spontaneous breathing combined with mechanical ventilation mode, and a mechanical ventilation mode. The hemodynamic signal acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one hemodynamic signal of the subject. The breathing signal acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one breathing signal of the subject. The liquid reactivity detection module is configured to determine the liquid reactivity of the subject according to the breathing signal and the hemodynamic signal. 1. A fluid responsiveness detection device , comprising: a breathing signal acquisition module , a hemodynamic signal acquisition module and a fluid responsiveness detection module , wherein the breathing signal acquisition module and the hemodynamic signal acquisition module operate under a breathing mode of a subject being any one of: a spontaneous breathing mode , a spontaneous breathing and machine-controlled breathing mode , or a machine-controlled breathing mode;the hemodynamic signal acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one hemodynamic signal of the subject;the breathing signal acquisition module is configured to obtain at least one breathing signal of the subject, the breathing signal comprising a respiratory cycle; andthe fluid responsiveness detection module is configured to determine the fluid responsiveness of the subject based on the breathing signal and the hemodynamic signal,wherein the fluid responsiveness detection module is further configured to determine a respiratory variation and a hemodynamic variation of the subject based on the ...

AUTOMATED CCHD SCREENING AND DETECTION

Automated critical congenital heart defect (“CCHD”) screening systems and processes are described. A caregiver may be guided to use a single or dual sensor pulse oximeter to obtain pre- and post-ductal blood oxygenation measurements. A delta of the measurements indicates the possible existence or nonexistence of a CCHD. Errors in the measurements are reduced by a configurable measurement confidence threshold based on, for example, a perfusion index. Measurement data may be stored and retrieved from a remote data processing center for repeated screenings. 19-. (canceled)10. A computer-implemented method for determining the existence of a critical congenital heart defect , the computer-implemented method comprising: ["gathering first physiological data from a first site on a patient's body;", "gathering second physiological data from a second site on a patient's body;", 'processing said first physiological data and said second physiological data; and', 'outputting a difference between said first physiological data and said second physiological data, the difference used to determine the existence of a critical congenital heart defect., 'under control of one or more computing devices configured with specific computer executable instructions,'}11. The computer-implemented method of claim 10 , wherein the physiological data includes at least one of: blood oxygenation data claim 10 , plethysmograph data claim 10 , pulse rate data claim 10 , respiration data claim 10 , and perfusion index data.12. The computer-implemented method of claim 10 , wherein the physiological data gathered from the first site comprises a pre-ductal blood oxygen saturation measurement claim 10 , and the physiological data gathered from the second site comprises a post-ductal blood oxygen saturation measurement.13. The computer-implemented method of claim 12 , wherein the difference is the computed average claim 12 , over a period of time claim 12 , of the difference between the pre-ductal blood ...

Extracting Ventricular Ejection Fraction from Pressure Sensing Data

A method of and system for determining ventricular ejection fraction of a patient is provided. A pressure sensing device captures pulmonary arterial pressure data for a patient over time. A processing device receives the pressure data, generates a first time-resolved pressure curve, displaces the pressure values of the first time-resolved curve at least one time point and subtracts the displaced pressure values from the received pressure data to form a second time-resolved pressure curve so that the second curve has two or more distinct pulses from which an initial pulse may be isolated and an area may be calculated. The processing device determines an average pressure by averaging the pressure data of the first curve over a cardiac cycle of data; determines a cardiac chamber stroke volume for the patient; and uses the determined cardiac chamber stroke volume and determined average pressure to determine an ejection fraction for the patient. 1. A method of determining ventricular ejection fraction of a patient , the method comprising:by a pressure sensing device, capturing pulmonary arterial pressure data for a patient over a period of time; and receive the pressure data captured by the pressure sensing device;', 'generate a first time-resolved pressure curve that comprises the pressure data;', 'displace the pressure values of the first time-resolved curve at least one time point and subtract the displaced pressure values from the received pressure data to form a second time-resolved pressure curve so that the second time-resolved pressure curve has two or more distinct pulses from which an initial pulse may be isolated and an area may be calculated;', 'determine an average pressure by averaging the pressure data of the first time-resolved pressure curve over a cardiac cycle of data;', 'determine a cardiac chamber stroke volume for the patient;', 'use the determined cardiac chamber stroke volume and determined average pressure to determine an ejection fraction for ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING A FLUID STATUS OF A PATIENT

A system and method for diagnosing a fluid status of a patient includes non-invasively determining a left ventricular pressure of blood within a left ventricle of a heart of the patient. The left ventricular pressure is compared to a predefined pressure value to diagnose the fluid status. 1. A method of diagnosing a fluid status of a patient , the method comprising:non-invasively determining a left ventricular pressure of blood within a left ventricle of a heart of the patient; andcomparing the left ventricular pressure to a predefined pressure value to diagnose the fluid status.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diagnosis of the fluid status is used to determine the health of the patient with respect to at least one of fluid amounts and fluid distributions in the body.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diagnosis of the fluid status is used to identify the existence of at least one of dehydration claim 1 , sepsis claim 1 , pulmonary edema claim 1 , low blood volume claim 1 , and shifts in intravascular fluid volumes.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diagnosis of the fluid status is used to determine that no fluid-related problems exist.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein non-invasively determining a left ventricular pressure further comprises non-invasively measuring a plurality of cardiac parameters of the patient claim 1 , including a stroke volume of the left ventricle claim 1 , a mitral valve area claim 1 , and a left ventricular diastolic filling time.6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the cardiac parameters are measured using one of an echocardiogram apparatus claim 5 , a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus claim 5 , and a computer aided tomography (CAT) apparatus.10. A fluid status diagnostic system comprising:a sensing unit configured to non-invasively measure a plurality of cardiac parameters associated with a left ventricle of a patient, the cardiac parameters including a mitral valve ...

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, MANAGEMENT METHOD, AND MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

A management system includes an acquisition unit that acquires first measurement data of a first circulatory parameter related to symptoms of heart failure from an ICU device and second measurement data of a second circulatory parameter related to symptoms of heart failure from a general ward device at a plurality of timings, and a conversion unit that converts the second measurement data of the second circulatory parameter measured by the general ward device into an estimated value of the first circulatory parameter, based on correspondence between the first measurement data and the second measurement data measured at substantially the same time. 1. A management system for managing a patient , comprising:an acquisition unit configured to acquire at a plurality of timings, first measurement data of a first circulatory parameter related to symptoms of heart failure from a first measurement device, and second measurement data of a second circulatory parameter related to symptoms of heart failure from a second measurement device; anda conversion unit configured to convert the second measurement data of the second circulatory parameter measured by the second measurement device into an estimated value of the first circulatory parameter, based on correspondence between the first measurement data and the second measurement data that are measured at substantially the same time.2. The management system according to claim 1 ,wherein the first circulatory parameter and the second circulatory parameter are the same circulatory parameter, andthe conversion unit is configured to calculate a conversion expression for converting the second measurement data into the estimated value using the first measurement data and the second measurement data measured at substantially the same time.3. The management system according to claim 1 ,wherein the first circulatory parameter and the second circulatory parameter are different circulatory parameters, and calculate a parameter conversion ...

Method for detecting biometric information by using spatial light modulator, electronic device, and storage medium

According to various embodiments, an electronic device may comprise: a housing comprising an inner space; a sensor structure positioned in the housing and exposed through a part of the housing, the sensor structure comprising a substantially transparent plate comprising a first surface facing away from the inner space and a second surface facing away from the first surface; a support structure positioned in the inner space so as to face the transparent plate; at least one light-emitting element mounted on the support structure while being spaced apart from the second surface and inserted between the second surface and the support structure; a spatial light modulator (SLM) disposed between the transparent plate and the LED while being spaced apart from the light-emitting element; a light-receiving element mounted on the support structure and positioned between the second surface and the support structure while being adjacent to a side surface of the light-emitting element; and a processing circuit comprising at least one electrical path electrically connected to the SLM, the processing circuit being operatively connected to the light-receiving element and configured to generate photoplethysmogram (PPG) data by using the light-emitting element. Other embodiments are possible.

MULTIPLE WAVELENGTH SENSOR EMITTERS

A physiological sensor has light emitting sources, each activated by addressing at least one row and at least one column of an electrical grid. The light emitting sources are capable of transmitting light of multiple wavelengths and a detector is responsive to the transmitted light after attenuation by body tissue.

Methods And Devices For Central Photoplethysmographic Monitoring

Provided according to embodiments of the present invention are methods of monitoring individuals that include securing a photoplethysmography probe to at least one of a pre-auricular region and a post-auricular region of the individual and obtaining photoplethysmography signals from the photoplethysmography probe. Photoplethysmography probes and helmets related to such methods are also described herein. 1. A method of monitoring an individual comprisingsecuring a photoplethysmography probe to a post-auricular region of the individual;obtaining photoplethysmography signals from the photoplethysmography probe; andprocessing the photoplethysmography signals with a processing module.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processed photoplethysmography signals are analyzed to determine at least one of a blood flow and a blood oxygen saturation of the individual.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoplethysmography probe is embedded into a helmet.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein processing the photoplethysmography signals comprises separating the photoplethysmography signals into an isolated AC component signal stream and an isolated DC component signal stream.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the isolated AC component signal stream and the isolated DC component signal stream are analyzed to monitor the individual.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoplethysmography probe is a reflectance probe.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoplethysmography probe comprisesa wiring harness, and a probe base structure comprising an LED and a photodetector on the wiring harness,wherein the wiring harness is configured to secure around a user's ear and the probe base structure is at a proximal end of the wiring harness and configured to secure to a post-auricular region of the user.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photoplethysmography probe obtains photoplethysmography signals from the post-auricular artery. This application is a continuation ...

PERFUSION INDEX SMOOTHER

An embodiment of the present disclosure seeks to smooth a perfusion index measurement through use of a baseline perfusion index measurement and/or through the use of multiple PI calculations. The combination of the baseline perfusion index measurement reduces an error between a calculated measurement of PI and actual conditions.

Method And Apparatus For Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Measurement In A Mobile Device

A system and method is presented for cuff-less blood pressure measurement in a mobile device. A key aspect of this disclosure is the discovery of a new location for blood pressure measurement at the fingertip of a subject and that reflectance-mode photoplethysmography can be used to help make this measurement. Through experiments in human subjects, it was discovered that it is indeed possible to measure systemic blood pressure by having a subject press the fingertip against a reflectance-mode photo-plethysmography-force sensor unit under visual guidance and then compute blood pressure from the resulting variable-amplitude blood volume oscillations and applied pressure via an oscillometric algorithm. 1. A mobile device , comprisinga housing defining two opposing exterior surfaces;a processor enclosed within the housing;a display unit integrated into a first of the two opposing exterior surfaces;a sensing unit integrated into a second of the two opposing exterior surfaces and configured to measure blood pressure at a fingertip of a user, wherein the sensing unit includes a reflectance-mode photo-plethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to measure blood volume oscillations and a force sensor configured to measure pressure applied by the fingertip, such that the force sensor is placed on top of the PPG sensor as it relates to the second exterior surface;a visual guide disposed on the same exterior surface as the sensing unit and arranged in relation to the sensing unit, such that the visual guide is an indicia for placement of the fingertip in relation to the sensing unit; and measure pressure applied to the sensing unit by a fingertip of a user,', 'measure blood volume oscillations in the fingertip,', 'guide the user via the display unit to vary pressure being applied to the sensing unit by the fingertip while the blood volume oscillations and pressure are measured,', 'generate an oscillogram from the measured pressure and the measured blood volume oscillations, where ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR DETERMINING PHYSIOLOGICAL INFORMATION BASED ON DISTORTION INFORMATION

Methods and systems are provided for determining physiological information based on distortion factors and physiological signals. Physiological signals are received by a system. The system may receive or determine a value indicative of oxygen saturation. The distortion factors may be calculated based on the value indicative of oxygen saturation and the physiological signals. The distortion factors may be used to determine physiological information. 1. A system for operating a physiological monitor , the system comprising:an input configured for receiving a physiological signal, the physiological signal comprising a first component corresponding to a first wavelength of emitted light and a second component corresponding to a second wavelength of emitted light; and receiving, from the input, the physiological signal;', 'determining a value indicative of oxygen saturation based on (1) a first assumption regarding the interaction of the emitted light and tissue of a subject and (2) the physiological signal;', 'determining a distortion factor corresponding to one of the first wavelength of emitted light and the second wavelength of emitted light based on (1) a second assumption regarding the interaction of the emitted light and tissue of the subject, wherein the second assumption is based on the first assumption not being accurate, and (2) the physiological signal; and', 'determining physiological information based on the distortion factor., 'one or more processors configured to perform operations comprising2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first assumption relates to path length of the emitted light.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first assumption relates to a change in concentration of arterial blood.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein determining the distortion factor is based on a set of linear equations.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the distortion factor comprises a first distortion factor corresponding to the first wavelength of light claim 1 , ...

Methods and apparatus for detecting motion noise and for removing motion noise from physiological signals

A monitoring apparatus includes a housing that is configured to be attached to a body of a subject. The housing includes a sensor region that is configured to contact a selected area of the body of the subject when the housing is attached to the body of the subject. The sensor region is contoured to matingly engage the selected body area. The apparatus includes at least one physiological sensor that is associated with the sensor region and that detects and/or measures physiological information from the subject and/or at least one environmental sensor associated with the sensor region that is configured to detect and/or measure environmental information. The sensor region contour stabilizes the physiological and/or environmental sensor(s) relative to the selected body area such that subject motion does not impact detection and/or measurement efforts of the sensor(s).

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR QUANTIFYING LIMITATIONS IN CORONARY ARTERY BLOOD FLOW DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Embodiments include a system for determining cardiovascular information for a patient with coronary artery disease. The system may include at least one computer system configured to receive patient-specific data regarding a geometry of the patient's heart and create a model representing at least a portion of the patient's heart based on the patient-specific data. The at least one computer system may be further configured to create, for a given level of physical activity, a physics-based model of blood flow through the patient's heart simulated during a selected level of physical activity; determine and normalize one or more values of at least one blood flow characteristic within the patient's heart during the simulated level of physical activity; and compare the one or more normalized values of the at least one blood flow characteristic to a threshold to determine whether the level of physical activity exceeds an acceptable level of risk. 130-. (canceled)31. A system for quantifying limitations in coronary artery blood flow during exercise in a patient with coronary artery disease , the system comprising:at least one computer system configured for:receiving data regarding geometry of a patient's vasculature;creating a geometric model representing the geometry of at least a portion of the patient's vasculature, the geometric model reflecting vascular geometry at a first physiological state;computing, using the geometric model, a blood flow characteristic of blood flow through the geometric model for a second physiological state, different from the first physiological state; anddetermining a score quantifying a risk of a of injury to the patient at the second physiological state, based on the computed blood flow characteristic.32. The system of claim 31 , wherein the at least one computer system is further configured for:generating a physics-based model based on the geometric model; andcomputing the blood flow based on the physics-based model.33. The system of claim ...