КАТАЛИЗАТОР КОНВЕРСИИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДОВ

Изобретение относится к способу увеличения выхода ароматических соединений и уменьшения выхода С1-С4-соединений при риформинге лигроина и к применению катализатора для увеличения выхода ароматических соединений и уменьшения выхода С1-С4-соединений при риформинге лигроина. Катализатор содержит платину, калий или литий, церий, олово, хлорид и подложку. Средняя насыпная плотность катализатора находится в диапазоне от 0,300 до 1,00 грамм в расчете на один кубический сантиметр. Содержание платины составляет менее чем 0,6% (масс.). Содержание калия или лития находится в диапазоне от 50 до 1000 ч./млн (масс.), и содержание церия находится в диапазоне от 0,05 до 2% (масс.). 2 н. и 5 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл., 1 ил., 5 пр.

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ α-ТОКОФЕРОЛА ИЛИ α-ТОКОФЕРИЛАЦЕТАТА ПУТЕМ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ТРИМЕТИЛГИДРОХИНОНА И ФИТОЛА ИЛИ ИЗОФИТОЛА С ВОЗВРАТОМ В ПРОЦЕСС ЦИНКГАЛОГЕНИДНОГО КАТАЛИЗАТОРА КОНДЕНСАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к усовершенствованному способу получения α-токоферола или α-токоферилацетата, которые используются в качестве антиоксиданта в области питания человека и животного. Описывается способ получения α-токоферола или α-токоферилацетата путем взаимодействия 2,3,5-триметил-гидрохинона с фитолом или изофитолом в присутствии цинкгалогенидного катализатора конденсации и донора протонов в растворителе и в случае необходимости с последующей этерификацией ацетангидридом, при этом, а) взаимодействие проводят в неполярном растворителе, несмешивающимся или только незначительно смешивающимся с водой, и б) вводят во взаимодействие необходимый галогенид цинка в виде смеси от 1 до 4 молей воды на моль галогенида цинка. Технический результат - возможность, позволяющая использовать необходимый галогенид цинка для способа согласно изобретению в виде хорошо используемой и легко дозируемой смеси галогенида цинка и воды без ухудшения выхода и чистоты токоферола, открывает путь к выгодному возврату ...

СПОСОБ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ОКИСЛЕНИЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИОНООБМЕННЫХ СМОЛ

... 1. Способ удаления и извлечения по меньшей мере одного тяжелого металла и по меньшей мере одного галогена из жидкостного потока в химическом процессе, включающем стадии: ! a) взаимодействия жидкостного потока с сильноосновной анионообменной смолой; и ! b) взаимодействия отходящего потока со стадии (а) с хелатообразующей катионообменной смолой. ! 2. Способ по п.1, дополнительно включающий стадию: ! c) регенерации анионообменной смолы путем взаимодействия анионообменной смолы с восстанавливающим анионообменную смолу раствором для образования извлеченных тяжелых металлов и галогенов. ! 3. Способ по п.2, в котором восстанавливающий анионообменную смолу раствор содержит воду и уксусную кислоту. ! 4. Способ по п.2, дополнительно включающий стадию: ! d) регенерации хелатообразующей катионообменной смолы для образования извлеченных тяжелых металлов и галогенов. ! 5. Способ по п.4, в котором стадия (d) включает взаимодействие хелатообразующей катионообменной смолы с восстанавливающим праймером и ...

КАТАЛИЗАТОРЫ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ АКРИЛОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ИЗ МОЛОЧНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ИЛИ ЕЕ ПРОИЗВОДНЫХ В ЖИДКОЙ ФАЗЕ

Изобретение относится к расплавленному солевому катализатору для получения акриловой кислоты, производных акриловой кислоты или их смесей, содержащему ионную жидкость (ИЖ) и кислоту; причем указанная ИЖ имеет катион фосфония и бромидный анион (Br); при этом указанная кислота растворима в указанной ИЖ и выбрана из группы, состоящей из кислоты Льюиса, кислоты Бренстеда и их смесей; причем указанная кислота Льюиса выбрана из группы, состоящей из CaBr, MgBr, AlBr, CuBrи их смесей; и при этом указанная кислота Бренстеда имеет pKменее 5 в воде при 25 °C. Технический результат заключается в увеличении выхода акриловой кислоты, производных акриловой кислоты или их смесей. 13 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл., 140 пр.

Verwendung einer katalytischen Zusammensetzung in einem Verfahren zur Oxychlorierung von Ethylen

Hydrierungsträgerkatalysator enthaltendes Katalysatorssystem und Verfahren zur Hydrodechlorierung von Fluorchlorkohlenwasserstoffen

Katalysatorbestandteile und Katalysatoren für die Olefinpolymerisation

Organic compounds or aluminium

The invention comprises organo-aluminium compounds of the general formula [AlR2R1]xMeF, wherein R represents a saturated hydrocarbon radical, R1 represents a saturated hydrocarbon radical or hydrogen, Me represents an alkali metal and x is 1 or 2, and a mixture of organoaluminium compounds of the above general formula in which x is 1 and 2 and R2, R1 and Me represent the same units in both compounds, and a process for the preparation thereof by reacting from one to two moles, of an aluminium hydrocarbon of the general formula AlR2R1 with one mole. of the alkali metal fluoride. The saturated hydrocarbon radical may be an alkyl or aryl hydrocarbon radical, e.g. an alkyl radical containing up to 4 carbon atoms or the phenyl radical. The alkali metal fluoride may be sodium or potassium fluoride. It is preferred to prepare the compounds in the absence of air. If the desired product has a high melting point it is preferable to grind a solution of the aluminium hydrocarbon reactant in an inert ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CHLORINE COMPRISING CATALYST, THE PREPARED CATALYST, AND ITS USE

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CHLORINE COMPRISING CATALYST, THE PREPARED CATALYST, AND ITS USE

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CHLORINE COMPRISING CATALYST, THE PREPARED CATALYST, AND ITS USE

PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF A SPHERICAL ONE, A MG DIHALID CONTAINING, CARRIER ELEMENT

DISPERSION AND STABILIZATION OF REACTIVE HALOGEN ATOMS ON THE SURFACE OF METALLIC OXIDES

CATALYST COMPONENTS TO OLEFINPOLYMERISATION

CATALYST COMPONENTS AND CATALYSTS FOR THE OLEFINPOLYMERISATION

OXYCHLORIERUNG CATALYTIC COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE FOR THE OXYCHLORIERUNG OF ETHYLS USING THIS COMPOSITION.

TITANIUM CATALYST COMPONENT, PROCEDURE FOR THE THEIR PRODUCTION, CATALYST FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ETHYLEN POLYMER THIS CATALYST EXHIBITS AND PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ETHYLEN POLYMER

HYDROGENATION CARRIER CATALYST ABSTENTION CATALYST SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR HYDRODECHLORIERUNG OF FLUORINE CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A SILVER-CONTAINING CATALYST

Process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst, the prepared catalyst, and its use

The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst by (a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising titania and at least 5 weight percent cobalt; (b) impregnating the catalyst with a solution comprising chloride ions;and (c) heating the impregnated catalyst at a temperature in the range of between 100 and 500 °C for at least 5 minutes up to 2 days. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13 –3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use.

COMPOSITION OF MATTER AND METHOD OF OXIDATIVE CONVERSION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS THEREWITH

A solid composition of matter consisting essentially of: (a) a component comprising: (1) at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Group IA metals and compounds containing said metals and (2), optionally, at least one material selected from the group consisting of tin, compounds containing tin, chloride ions and compounds containing said chloride ions and (b) a component comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Group IIA metals and compounds containing said metals. The composition is particularly useful as a contact material for the oxidative conversion of less valuable organic compounds to more valuable organic compounds, particularly in the presence of a free oxygen containing gas. A method for converting feed organic compounds to product organic compounds, in the presence of a free oxygen containing gas, utilizing the above composition, as well as combinations of tin and a Group IIA metal and of tin, chloride ions and a Group IIA metal is disclosed ...

PREPARATION OF DIESTERS OF (METH)ACRYLIC ACID FROM EPOXIDES

The application relates to a process for preparing a (meth)acrylic acid diester by reacting a (meth)acrylic acid anhydride with an epoxide in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a first and/or second catalyst in combination with a co-catalyst. The first catalyst is a halide of Mg or a trifluoromethanesulfonate of a rare earth element; the second catalyst is a Cr(lll) salt; and the co- catalyst is a tertiary amine, a quaternary ammonium salt, a tertiary phosphine or a quaternary phosphonium salt.

DISPERSION AND STABILIZATION OF REACTIVE ATOMS ON THE SURFACE OF METAL OXIDES

Particulate metal oxide compositions having reactive atoms stabilized on particulate surfaces and methods for reacting the compositions with saturated and unsaturated species are provided. The preferred particulate metal oxides of the compositions are nanocrystalline MgO and CaO with an average crystallite size of up to about 20 nm. The preferred reactive atoms of the compositions are atoms of the halogens and Group I metals. In one embodiment, chlorine atoms are stabilized on the surface of nanocrystalline MgO thus forming a composition which is capable of halogenating compounds, both saturated and unsaturated, in the absence of UV light and elevated reaction temperatures.

SYNTHESIS OF MAGNESIUM DICHLORIDE SUPPORT FOR THE AST OFF-LINE ZN CATALYST WITH A PLUG FLOW REACTOR (PFR)

The various embodiments of the invention provide, a magnesium dichloride support and the magnesium titanium polymerization procatalyst made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same.

PROCESS FOR PREPARING BISPHENOL-A

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation du bisphénol-A par condensation du phénol et de l'acétone en présence d'un catalyseur acide et d'un additif ou co-catalyseur. L'additif répond à la formule (I): (I) dans laquelle m vaut 0 ou 1, n vaut 0 ou 1, p vaut 0 ou 1; R1, R2 et R3, identiques ou différents, représentent un atome d'hydrogène, un radical alkyle en C1-C6 ou un radical phényle éventuellement substitué par 1 ou 2 groupements hydroxy ou alcoxy en C1-C4; R4 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un atome d'halogène, un radical alkyle en C1-C6 ou l'un des groupements suivants: - CHO, -NO2, -CO2H, - CO2R5 où R5 est un radical alkyle en C1-C4, ; et, ? CH2 ? représente un reste de résine chlorométhylée.

SUPPORTED LEWIS ACID CATALYSTS FOR HYDROCARBON CONVERSION REACTIONS

A supported Lewis acid catalyst system for catalyzing hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed, wherein the catalyst system comprises an inorganic oxide support having immobilized thereon at least one relatively strong Lewis acid and at least one relatively weak Lewis acid.

MAGNESIUM DICHLORIDE-ALCOHOL ADDUCTS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND CATALYST COMPONENTS OBTAINED THEREFROM

The present invention relates to MgCl2.cndot.mROH.cndot.nH2O adducts, where R is a C1-C10 alkyl, 2.ltoreq.m.ltoreq.4.2, 0.ltoreq.n.ltoreq.0.7, characteriz ed by an X-ray diffraction spectrum in which, in the range of 2.THETA. diffraction angles between 5.degree. and 15.degree., the three main diffraction lines ar e present at diffraction angles 2.theta. of 8.8 ~ 0.2.degree., 9.4 ~ 0.2.degree. and 9 .8 ~ 0.2.degree., the most intense diffraction lines being the one at 2.theta.=8.8 ~ 0.2.degree., the intensity of the other two diffraction lines being at least 0.2 times the intensity of the most intense diffraction line. Catalyst components obtained from the adducts of the present invention are capable to give catalysts for the polymerization of olefins characterized by enhanced activity and stereospecificity with respect to the catalysts prepared from t he adducts of the prior art.

Process for the preparation of the dicloruro of the L-5- acid (2-acetossi-propionilammino) - 2,4,6-triiodo-isoftalico.

METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF ARTICLES, CONTAINING POROUS ALPHA - SILICON CARBIDE, AND ARTICLE, PRODUCED WITH THE HELP OF THIS METHOD

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ И СПОСОБ ОКСИХЛОРИРОВАНИЯ УГЛЕВОДОРОДА С ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ

Каталитические композиции для оксихлорирования, включающие каталитически эффективное количество катализатора оксихлорирования и разбавителя, имеют некоторый химический состав и/или физические свойства. Способы с использованием таких каталитических композиций для оксихлорирования. Некоторые каталитические композиции для оксихлорирования и процессы, представленные здесь, могут повысить оптимальную рабочую температуру и тем самым увеличить производственную мощность существующего реактора, такого как реактор с псевдоожиженным слоем, по сравнению с другими каталитическими композициями для оксихлорирования.

КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ГАЗОФАЗНОЙ РЕАКЦИИ С ЕГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ, ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ОКСИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ В КАЧЕСТВЕ НОСИТЕЛЯ ДЛЯ ГАЗОФАЗНОЙ РЕАКЦИИ

Catalyst containing active elements including copper deposited on alumina containing at least 0.03 g of titanium, expressed in metal form, per kg of alumina. Method involving a gas phase reaction catalysed by said catalyst.

CATALYST AND THE GAS-PHASE METHOD OF USING THIS CATALYST

КАТАЛІЗАТОР ДЛЯ ОКСИХЛОРУВАННЯ ЕТИЛЕНУ В 1,2-ДИХЛОРЕТАН, СПОСІБ ЙОГО ОДЕРЖАННЯ ТА СПОСІБ ОДЕРЖАННЯ 1,2-ДИХЛОРЕТАНУ

Каталізатор для оксихлорування етилену в 1,2-дихлоретан, який містить сполуки міді та магнію на носії з оксиду алюмінію і має вміст міді в розрахунку на мідь від 2 % (мас.) до 8 % (мас.), причому атомне відношення Mg/Cu становить від 1,2 до 2,5, атоми міді розподілені більшою мірою всередині частинки каталізатора, ніж на його поверхні в шарі товщиною 20-30 , а атоми магнію розподілені більшою мірою на поверхні частинки каталізатора в шарі товщиною 20-30 , ніж всередині його частинки, і питома поверхня каталізатора становить від 30 м2/г до 130 м2/г. Винахід також стосується способу одержання вказаного каталізатора і способу одержання 1,2-дихлоретану.

Method for producing aromatic diphosphates

Disclosed is a method for producing aromatic diphosphates that comprises a first process: a process of reacting specific aromatic monohydroxy compounds having sterically hindered groups at the ortho-position with phosphorus oxyhalides in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst and then removing unreacted phosphorus oxyhalide under reduced pressure to obtain specific diaryl phosphorohalidates, and a second process: a process of reacting the reaction product obtained in the aforementioned process with 0.5 moles of specific aromatic dihydroxy compounds with respect to 1 mole of halogen contained in said reaction product in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst to obtain specific aromatic diphosphates.

Ruthenium catalysts for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen (deacon method)

The invention relates to an oxidation catalyst based on ruthenium, based on ruthenium chloride in particular, for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen (Deacon method). The invention is characterized in that the catalyst, with respect to the fraction of ruthenium as promotor, contains halogenide compounds up to a ratio of 1:1 (promotor: ruthenium), preferably of 1:2 to1:4 (promotor: ruthenium), the halogenide compounds selected from the following: zirconium compounds; alkali compounds, particularly lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium compounds; earth alkali compounds, particularly magnesium, manganese, cerium compounds; lanthanide compounds, preferably zirconium or cesium compounds.

Preparation method of visible and near-infrared light response CQDs (carbon quantum dots)-ZnIn2S4-BiOCl ternary heterojunction

Catalyst for oxychlorination of ethylene to 1.2 - dichloroethane

Particles of magnesium chloride with structure of polyhedron

MgCl 2 多孔微粒，在显微镜下呈基本规则的六面体或八面体形状。这类浸渗有过渡金属化合物的微粒可用作烯烃聚合的催化组分。

PROCESS Of OXYCHLORATION OF ETHYLENE AND COMPOSITIONS CATALYTIC FOR the OXYCHLORATION

COMPOSITIONS OF OXYFLUORIDE OR CHROMIUM FLUORIDE CATALYSTS, PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF IN GAS PHASE PROCESSES

La présente invention concerne un procédé de modification de la distribution en fluor dans un composé hydrocarbure en présence d'un catalyseur, caractérisée par l'utilisation comme catalyseur d'une composition solide comprenant au moins un composant contenant de l'oxyfluorure ou du fluorure de chrome de formule CrxM(1-x)OrFs, où 2r+s est supérieur ou égal à 2,9 et inférieur à 6, M est un métal choisi dans les colonnes 2 à 12 du tableau périodique des éléments, x vaut de 0,9 à 1, s est supérieur à 0 et inférieur ou égal à 6 et r est supérieur ou égal à 0 et inférieur à 3, ladite composition solide ayant une cristallinité inférieure à 20 % en poids. La présente invention se rapporte aussi à la composition solide per se.

SUPPORT BASED ON SILICA AND MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, CATALYSTS OBTAINED FROM THE SAME.

Procédé de fabrication du bisphénol-A.

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé de préparation du bisphénol-A par condensation du phénol et de l'acétone en présence d'un catalyseur acide et d'un additif ou co-catylyseur. L'additif répond à la formule (I) (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) dans laquelle m vaut 0 ou 1, n vaut 0 ou 1, p vaut 0 ou 1; R1 , R2 et R3 , identiques ou différents, représentent un atome d'hydrogène, un radical alkyle en C1 -C6 ou un radical phényle éventuellement substitué par 1 ou 2 groupements hydroxy ou alcoxy en C1 -C4 ; R4 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un atome d'halogène, un radical alkyle en C1 -C6 ou l'un des groupements suivants - CHO, - NO2 , - CO2 H, - CO2 R5 où R5 est un radical alkyle en C1 -C4 , (CF DESSIN DANS BOPI) ...

Magnesium chloride particles with polyhedral structure, component catalytic supported on cesparticules, manufactoring process of these products and polyolefins obtained starting from cettecomposante catalytic

Particules poreuses de MgCl2 se présentant, au microscope, sous la forme de polyèdres sensiblement réguliers à six ou huit faces. Ces particules imprégnées de composé de métal de transition servent de composante catalytique dans la polymérisation des oléfines.

알칼리 금속 도핑된 마그네슘 옥시플루오라이드 촉매의 존재하에서 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로-2-클로로프로판을 디하이드로클로르화하여 2,3,3,3-테트라플루오로프로펜을 제조하는 방법 및 상기 촉매 제조방법

... 플루오르화 올레핀 제조방법이 제공된다. 상기 방법은 촉매적으로 유효량의 촉매 조성물의 존재하에서 인접한 탄소원자상에 적어도 하나의 수소 원자 및 적어도 하나의 염소 원자를 갖는 하이드로클로로플루오로카본을 디하이드로클로르화하는 단계를 포함한다. 상기 촉매 조성물은 다음과 같이 표현된다: n 중량% MX/M'OyFz 상기 식에서 0 Подробнее

Catalyst Composition For Oxychlorination

A PROCESS FOR DEHYDROCHLORINATING 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUORO-2-CHLOROPROPANE TO 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ALKALI METAL-DOPED MAGNESIUM OXYFLUORIDE CATALYST AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE CATALYST

CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY HIGH ACTIVITY POLYOLEFIN CATALYST SYSTEM

α-올레핀의 (공)중합을 위한 고체 촉매 및 이를 제조하는 방법

... 특히, 예를 들어, 상승된 생산성을 갖는 단열 용액 공정 및 고압 단열 공정과 같은 고온 공정에서 에틸렌 및 α-올레핀의 (공)중합을 위한 개선된 고체 지글러-나타 타입 촉매가 제공된다. 상기 촉매는 탄화수소에, 티탄, 마그네슘 및 임의적으로 하프늄 및 지르코늄으로부터 선택된 금속의 화합물들을 용해시키고 이러한 것들을 두 단계, 즉 제1 염소화 단계 및 제2 환원 단계에서 연속적으로 재침전시키는 것을 포함하는 독창적인 공정(original process)에 의해 수득된다.

SILVER CATALYST SUPPORT FOR GENERATING ETHYLENE OXIDE, A METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SILVER CATALYST, THE SILVER CATALYST MANUFACTURED BY THE SAME, AND THE USE OF THE SILVER CATALYST CAPABLE OF IMPROVING ACTIVITY AND STABILITY IN THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF THE ETHYLENE OXIDE

PURPOSE: A silver catalyst support for generating ethylene oxide, a method for manufacturing the silver catalyst, the silver catalyst manufactured by the same, and the use of the silver catalyst are provided to improve the selectivity of the silver catalyst. CONSTITUTION: The main crystal phase of an alumina support structure is alpha-alumina. The specific surface area of the support is lower than or equal to 3.0 m^2/g, preferably in a range between 0.5 and 2.0 m^2/g. The pore volume of the support is in a range between 0.3 and 0.8 ml/g, preferably in a range between 0.4 and 0.7 ml/g. The content of alkali earth metal, preferably barium, in the support is in a range between 0.05 and 1.8 wt%, preferably in a range between 0.1 and 1.0 wt%. The fluorine atomic percentage on the surface of the support is in a range between 0.3 and 8.0 atomic%, preferably in a range between 0.5 and 5.0 atomic% based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2012 ...

CATALYTIC COMPOSITION AND ETHYLENE OXYCHLORINATION PROCESS USING THE SAME.

Method for producing aromatic diphosphates

Disclosed is a method for producing aromatic diphosphates that comprises a first process: a process of reacting specific aromatic monohydroxy compounds having sterically hindered groups at the ortho-position with phosphorus oxyhalides in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst and then removing unreacted phosphorus oxyhalide under reduced pressure to obtain specific diaryl phosphorohalidates, and a second process: a process of reacting the reaction product obtained in the aforementioned process with 0.5 moles of specific aromatic dihydroxy compounds with respect to 1 mole of halogen contained in said reaction product in the presence of Lewis acid catalyst to obtain specific aromatic diphosphates.

Oxychlorination catalyst and process using such a catalyst

A PROCESS FOR DEHYDROCHLORINATING 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUORO-2-CHLOROPROPANE TO 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ALKALI METAL-DOPED MAGNESIUM OXYFLUORIDE CATALYST AND METHODS FOR MAKING THE CATALYST

A process for making a fluorinated olefin. The process has the step of dehydrochlorinating a hydrochlorofluorocarbon having at least one hydrogen atom and at least one chlorine atom on adjacent carbon atoms in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition is represented by the following: n wt.% MX/M'OyFz, wherein 0 Подробнее

RUTHENIUM CATALYSTS FOR THE CATALYTIC GAS-PHASE OXIDATION OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE WITH OXYGEN (DEACON METHOD)

The invention relates to an oxidation catalyst based on ruthenium, based on ruthenium chloride in particular, for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of hydrogen chloride with oxygen (Deacon method). The invention is characterized in that the catalyst, with respect to the fraction of ruthenium as promotor, contains halogenide compounds up to a ratio of 1:1 (promotor: ruthenium), preferably of 1:2 to 1:4 (promotor: ruthenium), the halogenide compounds selected from the following: zirconium compounds; alkali compounds, particularly lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium compounds; earth alkali compounds, particularly magnesium, manganese, cerium compounds; lanthanide compounds, preferably zirconium or cesium compounds.

THE PREPARATION OF A MAGNESIUM HALIDE SUPPORT FOR OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION AND A CATALYST COMPOSITION USING THE SAME

A magnesium halide support material for a polyolefin catalyst is disclosed. The magnesium halide of present invention is prepared by reacting magnesium with an alkylhalide in a non-polar hydrocarbon solvent. Preparation of the support does not require the use electron donating solvents and therefore does not require extensive washing to remove the solvent from the support.

Cerous chloride-chromic oxide catalyst for producing chlorine, methods for producing the same and a method for producing chlorine

A novel cerous chloride-chromium oxide catalyst useful for oxidizing hydrogen chloride to chlorine. The catalyst is prepared by the reaction of chromium trioxide and cerous chloride with ethanol and calcining the reaction product. The catalyst is also prepared by the reaction of chromium trioxide with ethanol, then calcination and impregnation of the resultant chromic oxide with aqueous solution of cerous chloride. The obtained catalyst exhibits high activity at low reaction temperature.

Process for the preparation of L-5-(2-acetoxy-propionylamino)-2,4,6-triiodo-isophthalic acid dichloride

An improvement to a process for the preparation of L-5-(2-acetoxy-propionylamino)-2,4,6-triiodo-isophthalic acid dichloride by reacting 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodo-isophthalic acid dichloride with L-2-acetoxy-propionyl-chloride, is described.

Method for the preparation of high surface area metal fluorides

The present invention is related to a method for preparing an amorphous metal fluoride of the formula MX+FX-delta comprising the steps of a) providing a precursor, whereby the precursor comprises a structure having a formula of Mx+F(x-delta)-yBy; and b) reacting the precursor with a fluorinating agent generating the amorphous metal flouride having a formula of Mx+Fx-delta, whereby M is selected from the group comprising metals of the second, third and fourth main group and any subgroup of the periodic table, B is a coordinately bound group; x is any integer of 2 or 3; y is any integer between 1 and 3; delta is 0 to 0.1; and x-delta>y.

Process and catalyst for converting alkanes

Methods and catalysts for producing alcohols, ethers, and/or alkenes from alkanes are provided. More particularly, novel caged, or encapsulated, metal oxide catalysts and processes utilizing such catalysts to convert alkanes to alcohols and/or ethers and to convert alcohols and/or ethers to alkenes are provided.

Process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

The instant invention relates to a process and method for manufacturing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a reactant stream of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane that is substantially free from impurities, particularly halogenated propanes, propenes, and propynes.

Magnesium dichloride-alcohol adducts

The present invention relates to MgCl2.mROH.nH2O adducts, where R is a C1-C10 alkyl, 2<=m<=4.2, 0<=n<=0.7, characterized by an X-ray diffraction spectrum in which, in the range of 2theta diffraction angles between 5° and 15°, the three main diffraction lines are present at diffraction angles 2theta of 8.8±0.2°, 9.4±0.2° and 9.8±0.2°, the most intense diffraction lines being the one at 2theta=8.8±0.2°, the intensity of the other two diffraction lines being at least 0.2 times the intensity of the most intense diffraction line.Catalyst components obtained from the adducts of the present invention are capable to give catalysts for the polymerization of olefins characterized by enhanced activity and stereospecificity with respect to the catalysts prepared from the adducts of the prior art.

CATALYST AND PROCESS USING THE CATALYST

A new chromium-containing fluorination catalyst is described. The catalyst comprises an amount of zinc that promotes activity. The zinc is contained in aggregates which have a size across their largest dimension of up to 1 micron. The aggregates are distributed throughout at least the surface region of the catalyst and greater than 40 weight % of the aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±1 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in those aggregates.

Process For The Preparation Of Dopo-Derived Compounds And Compositions Thereof

This invention relates to a process for producing compounds derived from 9,10-Dihydro-9-Oxa-10-Phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide (DOPO). In particular, the invention relates to producing DOPO-derived compounds by reacting DOPO with diol compounds in the presence of a catalyst. This invention also relates to DOPO derived composition containing a high melting point diastereomer. The DOPO derived compounds may be useful as flame-retardants.

Heterogeneous catalyst and catalyst system for producing 1,2-dichloroethane

To provide a heterogeneous catalyst that exhibits high activity and high selectivity, specifically a catalyst suitable for oxychlorination to produce 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene, and a catalyst system. Provided are: a heterogeneous catalyst supported on a porous carrier, characterized in that the integral value of the hysteresis occurring between an adsorption isotherm and a desorption isotherm by a gas adsorption method, is at most 19% to the total integral value of the adsorption isotherm; and a catalyst system for producing 1,2-dichloroethane, which comprises this catalyst and a diluent having a spherical shape, circular cylindrical shape or hollow cylindrical shape.

Catalysts containing cooper and magnesium for oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane

PROCESS FOR DEHYDROCHLORINATION OF HYDROCHLOROFLUOROALKANES

Method for the synthesis of dl.(alpha)-tocopherol and means therefore

The present invention is related to a method for synthesizing dl-alpha-tocopherol comprising the steps of - providing 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone; - providing isophytol; - providing a solid fluoride catalyst; and - reacting the 2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone with the isophytol in the presence of the catalyst.

Components and catalysts for the polymerization of olefins

АДДУКТЫ ДИХЛОРИДА МАГНИЯ И СПИРТА, СПОСОБ ИХ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ, КОМПОНЕНТЫ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА И КАТАЛИЗАТОР, ПОЛУЧЕННЫЕ ИЗ НИХ, И СПОСОБ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ОЛЕФИНОВ

Описываются аддукты MgCl2•mROH• nH2O, где R обозначает С1-С10-алкил, 2≤m≤4,2, 0≤n≤0,7, характеризующиеся рентгеновским спектром дифракции, в котором в диапазоне углов дифракции 2θ между 5 и 15o присутствуют три главные линии дифракции при углах дифракции 2θ 8,8±0,2o, 9,4±0,2o и 9,8±0,2o, самой интенсивной линией дифракции является линия при 2θ=8,8±0,2o, интенсивность двух других линий дифракции равна по меньшей мере 0,2 интенсивности самой интенсивной линии дифракции, способ их получения, компоненты катализатора и катализатор, полученный из них, и способ полимеризации олефинов. Техническим результатом является получение из аддуктов данного изобретения катализатора для полимеризации олефинов, отличающиеся улучшенной активностью и стереоспецифичностью по отношению к катализаторам, полученным из известных ранее аддуктов. 10 с. и 37 з.п.ф-лы, 1 табл.

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ КОМПОЗИЦИИ И ПРОЦЕСС ОКСИХЛОРИРОВАНИЯ

Изобретение относится к каталитическим композициям для оксихлорирования углеводородов. Описана каталитическая композиция для оксихлорирования углеводородов, включающая каталитически эффективное количество катализатора оксихлорирования и разбавитель, включающий частицы алюмосиликата, в которой средний размер частиц катализатора и разбавителя составляет от около 5 микрон до около 300 микрон. Описана каталитическая композиция для оксихлорирования углеводородов, включающая: (а) каталитически эффективное количество катализатора оксихлорирования, имеющего площадь поверхности более чем 25 м2/г, в которой катализатор оксихлорирования включает материал носителя, имеющий распределенную на нем активную солевую композицию; и (b) разбавитель, имеющий площадь поверхности от около 0,1 м2/г до около 25 м2/г, в которой материал носителя и разбавителя являются различающимися химически, и средний размер частиц катализатора и разбавителя составляет от около 5 до около 300 микрон. Также описан способ оксихлорирования ...

КАТАЛИЗАТОР ОКСИХЛОРИРОВАНИЯ ЭТИЛЕНА ДО 1,2-ДИХЛОРЭТАНА

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализаторам оксихлорирования этилена до 1,2-дихлорэтана, к способу их получения и способу получения дихлорэтана. Описан катализатор оксихлорирования этилена до 1,2-дихлорэтана, включающий соединения Cu и Mg, нанесенные на глинозем в качестве носителя, и имеющие содержание меди, выраженное по Cu, от 2 до 8 мас.%, причем атомное соотношение Mg/Cu составляет от 1,2 до 2,5, с распределением атомов меди в большей степени, внутри частицы катализатора, чем на поверхности (слой толщиной 20-30 Å), и атомов магния, в большей степени на поверхности (слой толщиной 20-30 Å), чем внутри частицы, и удельная поверхность катализатора составляет от 30 до 130 м2/г. Описан способ получения дихлорэтана оксихлорированием в псевдоожиженном слое этилена с использованием воздуха и/или кислорода в качестве окислителей в присутствии вышеуказанного катализатора. Описан также способ получения катализатора путем пропитки глинозема водными растворами солей Cu и Mg, которые являются ...

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ КОМПОНЕНТ ДЛЯ ПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИИ ОЛЕФИНОВ И КАТАЛИЗАТОР, ВКЛЮЧАЮЩИЙ ТАКОВОЙ

... 1. Твердый каталитический компонент для полимеризации олефинов, включающий магний, титан, галоген и внутренний электронодонор, в котором внутренний электронодонор представляет собой по меньшей мере одно α-цианосукцинатное соединение I, имеющее формулу (I): ! ! где R1 и R2 независимо представляют водород, линейный или разветвленный С1-С14алкил, С3-С10циклоалкил, С6-С10арил, С7-С10алкиларил или С7-С10арилалкил; и R3 и R4 независимо представляют линейный или разветвленный С1-С10алкил, С3-С10циклоалкил, С6-С20арил, С7-С20алкиларил или С7-С20арилалкил, ! альтернативно внутренний электронодонор представляет собой комбинацию по меньшей мере одного α-цианосукцинатного соединения I и монофункционального или бифункционального соединения Е, выбранного из сложных эфиров, иных, нежели α-цианосукцинатное соединение I, простых эфиров, кетонов, кеталей, аминов и силанов. ! 2. Твердый каталитический компонент по п.1, который получают способом, включающим стадии ! (1) растворения галогенида магния или гидрата ...

СПОСОБ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ ЗАГРЯЗНЕННОГО СЕРОЙ КАТАЛИЗАТОРА АРОМАТИЗАЦИИ

Изобретение относится к способу регенерации загрязненного серой катализатора, содержащего переходный металл и подложку катализатора, содержащую цеолит L-типа, включающему промывку загрязненного серой катализатора водным раствором, причем водный раствор, необязательно, содержит щелочной металл, для получения промытого катализатора; приведение в контакт промытого катализатора с раствором галогена, содержащим хлорсодержащее соединение и фторсодержащее соединение, с получением галогенированного катализатора; и прокаливание галогенированного катализатора. Изобретение касается также способа риформинга углеводородного сырья. Технический результат - улучшенное восстановление каталитической активности загрязненных серой катализаторов ароматизации. 2 н. и 58 з.п. ф-лы, 1 табл., 5 пр., 8 ил.

ДИКАРБОНАТНЫЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ С ТРЕМЯ И ЧЕТЫРЬМЯ МОСТИКОВЫМИ АТОМАМИ КАК ВНУТРЕННИЕ ДОНОРЫ В КАТАЛИЗАТОРАХ ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОЛИПРОПИЛЕНА

... 1. Твердый, не растворимый в углеводородах компонент катализатора, используемый при полимеризации олефинов, причем названный компонент катализатора содержит магний, титан и галоген и дополнительно содержит внутренний донор электронов, имеющий структуру[R-O-C(O)-O-]R,где Rнезависимо в каждом случае представляет алифатическую или ароматическую углеводородную или замещенную углеводородную группу, содержащую от 1 до 20 атомов углерода; x равен 2-4 и Rпредставляет алифатическую или ароматическую углеводородную или замещенную углеводородную группу, содержащую от 1 до 20 атомов углерода, при условии, что в самой короткой цепи, соединяющей первую R-O-C(O)-O- группу и вторую R-O-C(O)-O- группу, содержится от 3 до 4 атомов.2. Компонент катализатора по п.1, где х=2.3. Компонент катализатора по п.1, где каждый Rпредставляет алифатический углеводород.4. Компонент катализатора по п.1, где каждый Rпредставляет ароматический углеводород.5. Компонент катализатора по п.1, где Rпредставляет 1,8-дизамещенный ...

MAGNESIUMDIHALOGENID/ALKOHOL ADDUKTE, VERFAHREN ZU IHRER HERSTELLUNG UND DAMIT HERGESTELLTE KATALYSATORBESTANDTEILE

Katalytische Zusammensetzung und Verfahren zur Oxychlorierung von Ethylen unter Verwendung derselben

TITAN KATALYSATORKOMPONENTE, VERFAHREN ZUR DEREN HERSTELLUNG, KATALYSATOR ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON EINEM AETHYLENPOLYMER DAS DIESER KATALYSATOR AUFWEIST UND VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES AETHYLENPOLYMERS

Epoxide polymerization catalysts, their preparation and their use

Epoxy compounds containing at least one epoxy ring of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom are polymerized or copolymerized in the presence of a catalyst consisting of the reaction product under non-oxidizing conditions of (A) Al(OR)3 (where R is a hydrocarbon C=C1 to 20 and aliphatically saturated) and (B) MX2 where M=CCu, Zn or Cd and X=CCl, B, I or F, the aluminium and the other metal in the product being present in a mol ratio ranging from about 0.7 : 1 to about 10 : 1. Reference is made to the polymerization of 1 : 2-epoxy alkanes, epihalohydrins and glycidyl ethers. The epoxides to be polymerized may have up to 50 carbon atoms and 1, 2, 3 or 4 or more oxygen-carbon rings. Rubbery atactic high copolymers may be made from 90 to 99.5% propylene oxide and 0.5 to 10% of allyl glycidyl ether, vinyl cyclohexane monoxide or butadiene monoxide. Specified epoxide monomers are ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1 : 2 butene oxide, 2 : 3-butene oxide, 1 : 2-dodecene oxide, isobutylene oxide, 1 ...

MAGNESIUMDIHALOGENID/ALKOHOL ADDUCTS, PROCEDURES FOR YOUR PRODUCTION AND THUS MANUFACTURE OF CATALYST COMPONENTS

PRODUCTION OF POWDERED CATALYSTS

CARRIER DUE TO MANUFACTURED BY SILICA AND MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, PROCEDURE FOR ITS PRODUCTION AND CATALYSTS WITH THIS CARRIER.

PROCEDURE FOR HYDROGENIERUNG OF 1,1,2-TRICHLORO the 1,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHAN.

Pyrolysis of methane with a molten salt based catalyst system

A catalyst system, which is active in pyrolyzing methane at reaction temperatures above 700°C, comprising a molten salt selected from the group consisting of the halides of alkali metals; the halides of alkaline earth metals; the halides of zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, tin and iron; and mixtures thereof, the molten salt having dispersed therein one or more catalytically active forms of iron, molybdenum, manganese, nickel, cobalt, zinc, titanium, and copper in the form of finely divided elemental metals, metal oxides, metal carbides or mixtures thereof.

Method for recovering carbon fibers from composite waste

A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite waste includes coating a water-soluble catalyst powder on a surface of composite waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix and pyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite waste.

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FLUORIDED SOLID OXIDES AND USES THEREOF IN METALLOCENE-BASED CATALYST SYSTEMS

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

MAGNESIUM HALIDE/ALCOHOL ADDUCT, ITS PREPARATION AND USE

... ²²²The present invention provides a process for the preparation of magnesium ²halide/alcohol adduct particles, the process comprises: producing magnesium ²halide/alcohol adduct melts in the inert liquid medium; high speed rotating ²and dispersing the said magnesium halide/alcohol adduct melts to get melt ²dispersions to form spherical magnesium halide/alcohol adduct particles. The ²present invention also relates to the magnesium halide/alcohol adduct ²particles produced by the process of the present invention and the uses of the ²process in the preparation of the catalyst for olefin polymerization.² ...

ACTIVATION AND REGENERATION OF FLUORINATION CATALYSTS

A fluorination catalyst such as a chromium oxide-based fluorination catalyst may be activated or reactivated by contacting the catalyst. with a source of reactive fluorine, for example nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) or fluorine (F2). Fluorinated compounds may be prepared by the gas phase reaction of hydrogen fluoride (HF) with various substrates such as chlorinated compounds. A number of metal oxide-based catalysts have been developed for this purpose.

A CATALYST, A PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF THE CATALYST AND APPLICATION THEREOF

The present disclosure relates to a composition, wherein the composition is a catalyst comprising support matrix, active metal, promoter metal and halide, wherein the support matrix is additionally subjected to a modifier to obtain a modified support matrix. The catalyst in the reaction reduces the percentage coke formation and provides for an enhanced reformate yield having an increase total aromatic yield and C8 aromatic yield when compared to the known/commercially available catalyst for naphtha reforming process, and also improves the quality of reformate obtained at end of the reaction. The disclosure further relates to process of preparation of the catalyst, the catalyst of the present disclosure derived from the process described, displays lower deactivation during the reaction demonstrating increased stability and reduction in the regeneration frequency and thereby making the catalyst economically feasible.

КАТАЛИЗАТОР И СПОСОБ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ГАЗОФАЗНОЙ РЕАКЦИИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТАКОГО КАТАЛИЗАТОРА

Настоящее изобретение относится к катализатору, содержащему активные элементы, включающие медь, осажденные на оксиде алюминия, содержащем по меньшей мере 0,03 г титана, выраженного в форме металла, на кг оксида алюминия, и его использование в газофазных реакциях, таких как оксихлорирование этилена до 1,2-дихлорэтана. Этот катализатор является пригодным для поддержания постоянного содержания кислорода в остаточных газах, а, следовательно, и в рециркулированных газах. Настоящее изобретение, кроме того, относится к применению оксида алюминия, содержащего по меньшей мере 0,03 г титана, выраженного в форме металла на кг оксида алюминия, в качестве носителя катализатора и в качестве разбавителя катализатора. В одном из примеров катализатор, содержащий CuCl2, MgCl2, KCl и LiCl, осажденные на оксиде алюминия, содержащем 1,13 г титана, выраженном в форме металла, на кг оксида алюминия, используют для оксихлорирования этилена до 1,2-дихлорэтана в реакторе с псевдоожиженным слоем.

载氯化锌支持物及其生产方法

... 本发明是解决由常规生产载氯化锌支持物的方法所引起的问题，其中氯化锌在氯化锌水溶液中被吸附到固相支持物。所述问题包括通过处理用过的氯化锌水溶液而引起的环境破坏、对反应器的腐蚀、对工人健康的威胁、氯化锌由于自身潮解而变质和比表面积的减少。本发明特别提供了氯化锌承载于固相支持物上的载氯化锌支持物的生产方法，该方面包括将固相支持物和氧化锌的混合物与含氯化氢气体的水蒸气或者氯化氢气体接触使得氧化锌化学转变成氯化锌。本发明也提供了通过上面方法生产的载氯化锌支持物。另外，本发明优选提供了烷基卤的生产方法，该方法包括将烷基醇和/或烷基醚与卤化氢反应的步骤，其中载氯化锌支持物用作反应催化剂。 ...

Preparation method of microsphere ZnO-BiOI composite material

Polymerization catalyst diolefins, its preparation process and its use in the preparation of polymers.

CATALYST PREPARED BY GRINDING REAGENT

METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BISPHENOL-A.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING PHTHALIC ACID CHLORIDE

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing high purity phthalic acid chloride, and specifically, to a method for manufacturing high purity phthalic acid chloride from an oxide of xylene or from toluic acid. According to the method for manufacturing the high purity phthalic acid chloride of the present invention, the high purity phthalic acid chloride can be used as a raw material for manufacturing polyester and polyaramid fiber, or it is easy to manufacture phthalic acid chloride which can be used as high heat-resistant engineering plastics and fine chemical intermediates. In addition, the manufacture cost is comparatively low, and generation of waste water can be minimized. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2018 ...

PRODUCTION PROCESS OF SULFIDE CADMIUM PHOTOCATALYST FOR GENERATING HYDROGEN AND PRODUCTION PROCESS OF HYDROGEN THEREOF

PURPOSE: Production process of sulfide cadmium photocatalyst is provided which simplifies the production process of photocatalyst so that it enables the photocatalyst to show activity in visual light area or sun-ray area. CONSTITUTION: The production process of sulfide cadmium photocatalyst shown in a chemical formula 6 for generating hydrogen comprises the steps of: (i) dissolving a compound including Cd and M wherein M is 0.001-20.00 in water; (ii) adding one kind of reactant selected from H2S or Na2S to the mixture to obtain Cd[M]S precipitate; (iii) washing the precipitate by water and vacuum drying under nitrogen condition at 105-150deg.C warm bath for 1.5-3.0 hours; and (iv) adding liquid m contents to Cd[M]S precipitate to perform doping treatment. In the chemical formula 6, m is an electron receptor and selected from Ni, Pd, Pt, Fe, Ru, Co or oxides thereof and M is a metal selected from V, Cr, Al, P, As, Sb and Pb. COPYRIGHT 2001 KIPO ...

CATALYSTS FOR OXYCHLORINATION OF ETHYLENE TO 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE

PURPOSE: Catalysts for the oxychlorination of ethylene to dichloroethane (DCE) capable of providing high conversion rates without sacrificing selectivity by working in a fluid bed at high temperatures are provided, and a process in which the catalysts are used is provided. CONSTITUTION: The catalysts for the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2-dichloroethane comprise compounds of Cu and Mg supported on alumina and having a copper content, expressed as Cu, of 2 to 8% by weight, wherein the Mg/Cu atomic ratio is from 1.2 to 2.5, with distribution of the copper atoms more inside the particle of the catalyst than on the surface (layer with a thickness of 20-30 Å) and of the magnesium atoms more on the surface(20-30 Å layer) than inside the particle, and in that the specific surface of the catalyst is from 30 to 130 m^2/g, and wherein the Mg/Cu ratio is from 1.3 to 2 and the distribution of the copper atoms is such that the X/Y ratio is from 1.2 to 2.7 (X is the Al/Cu ratio at the surface and ...

CATALYST FOR OXYCHLORINATION OF ETHYLENE TO 1,2- DICHLOROETHANE CONTAINING METAL CHLORIDE SUPPORTED ON A HOLLOW CYLINDRICAL ALUMINA GRANULE

PURPOSE: A catalyst for oxychlorination of ethylene to 1,2- dichloroethane processed in a pinned layer is provided to improve a conversion rate with high specific productivity of 1,2- dichloroethane high compared with a catalyst having same geometric parameter and composition. CONSTITUTION: A catalyst for oxychlorinationhas a granular form of hollow having geometric structure, and includes one or more chlorides of metal selected from a group consisting of cupric chloride, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and a rare earth metal. The catalyst further includes copper 3~12 weight%, alkali metal 1~4 weight%, alkaline earth metal 005~2 weight% and rare earth metal 01~3 weight%. The chloride is supported on an alumina granular. A macropore volume fraction of the catalyst granular is 20%~40%. A diameter of a pore at maximum value of macropore volume fraction distribution curve is 800nm~1500nm. The bulk density of the catalyst is 065~080g / ml. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2010 ...

Process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

The instant invention relates to a process and method for manufacturing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a reactant stream of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane that is substantially free from impurities, particularly halogenated propanes, propenes, and propynes.

Emulsion process for improved large spherical polypropylene catalysts

Disclosed are spherical magnesium-based catalyst supports and methods of using the same in a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system for the polymerization of an olefin. The spherical magnesium-based catalyst supports are made by reacting a magnesium halide, a haloalkylepoxide, and a phosphate acid ester in an organic solvent that does not have to contain substantial amounts of toluene.

CATALYST CONTAINING OXYGEN TRANSPORT MEMBRANE

A composite oxygen transport membrane having a dense layer, a porous support layer and an intermediate porous layer located between the dense layer and the porous support layer. Both the dense layer and the intermediate porous layer are formed from an ionic conductive material to conduct oxygen ions and an electrically conductive material to conduct electrons. The porous support layer has a high permeability, high porosity, and a microstructure exhibiting substantially uniform pore size distribution as a result of using PMMA pore forming materials or a bi-modal particle size distribution of the porous support layer materials. Catalyst particles selected to promote oxidation of a combustible substance are located in the intermediate porous layer and in the porous support adjacent to the intermediate porous layer. The catalyst particles can be formed by wicking a solution of catalyst precursors through the porous support toward the intermediate porous layer. 1. A composite oxygen transport membrane , said composite oxygen transport membrane comprising:{'b': '20', 'a porous support layer comprised of an fluorite structured ionic conducting material having a porosity of greater than percent and a microstructure exhibiting substantially uniform pore size distribution throughout the porous support layer;'}an intermediate porous layer capable of conducting oxygen ions and electrons to separate oxygen from an oxygen containing feed, the intermediate porous layer applied adjacent to the porous support layer and comprising a mixture of a fluorite structured ionic conductive material and electrically conductive materials to conduct the oxygen ions and electrons, respectively;a dense layer capable of conducting oxygen ions and electrons to separate oxygen from an oxygen containing feed, the dense layer applied adjacent to the intermediate porous layer and also comprising a mixture of a fluorite structured ionic conductive material and electrically conductive materials to ...

Method for producing aromatic diphosphates

A method for producing an aromatic diphosphate comprising: Step 1 which is a step where a specific aromatic monohydroxy compound having a steric hindrance group at ortho-positions is made to react with phosphorus oxyhalide in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst and then the unreacted phosphorus oxyhalide is removed under a reduced pressure to give a specific; and Step 2 which is a step where the reaction product obtained in the above step is made to react with a specific aromatic dihydroxy compound in an amount of 0.5 mol to 1 mol of halogen contained in the reaction product in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give a specific aromatic diphosphate.

OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATION OF OLEFINS CATALYST AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME

A method of making a dehydrogenation catalyst can comprise: combining precursors in water to form a mixture; adding base to the mixture to form a slurry having a pH of 7 to 8.5; aging the slurry at a temperature of greater than or equal to 40° C. while agitating; filtering a precipitate from the aged slurry to collect a catalyst precursor; drying and calcining the catalyst precursor to form the catalyst; wherein the catalyst has the formula (I) 1. A method of making a dehydrogenation catalyst , comprising:combining a zinc precursor, an iron precursor, a cobalt precursor, a magnesium precursor, optionally a calcium precursor, and optionally an M precursor, in water to form a mixture, wherein M is selected from cobalt (Co), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs), copper (Cu), potassium (K), lanthanum (La), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), ruthenium (Ru), silicon (Si), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y), as well as combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing, wherein the zinc precursor comprises initial zinc and the iron precursor comprises initial iron;adding base to the mixture to form a slurry having a pH of 7 to 8.5;aging the slurry at a temperature of greater than or equal to 40° C. while agitating;filtering a precipitate from the aged slurry to collect a catalyst precursor; anddrying and calcining the catalyst precursor to form the catalyst; {'br': None, 'sub': a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'x, 'FeZnCoMgCaClMO\u2003\u2003(I)'}, 'wherein the catalyst has the formula (I)'}wherein the amounts are in mole ratios relative to 1 mole of iron, “a” is 0.07 to 0.7 moles; “b” is 0.01 to 0.20 moles; “c” is less than or equal to 0.40 moles; “d” is less than or equal to 0.40 moles; “e” is less than or equal to 0.10 moles; “f” is less than or equal to 0.20 moles; and “x” is a number depending on the relative amount and valence of the ...

IONIC FLUIDS

A method for preparing an ionic compound by mixing at least one compound of formula CA-zHO (1) with at least one hydrogen donor and heating the mixture obtained is provided. The said ionic compound remains in a physical state selected from the group consisting of liquid and semisolid at a temperature below 150° C., preferably below 125° C. 19.-. (canceled)10. A process for preparation of an ionic compound that remains in a physical state selected from the group consisting of liquid and semisolid , at a temperature below 150° C. , preferably below 125° C. , comprising mixing at least one compound of Formula CA.zHO (I) with at least one hydrogen donor and heating the resulting mixture to obtain an ionic compound;wherein, C is independently selected from the group consisting of Na, K, Li, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sn, Pb, St, Bi, La, Ce, Al, Hg, Cs, Rb, Sr, V, Pd, Zr, Au, Pt, quaternary ammonium, immidazolium, phosphonium, and pyridinium, pyrrolidinium;{'sub': 3', '4', '3', '2', '4, 'A is independently selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, F, I, NO, SO, CHCOO, HCOO and CO; and'}z is 0 to 20.11. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the hydrogen donor is at least one selected from the group consisting of toluene-4-sulphonic acid monohydrate claim 10 , oxalic acid claim 10 , maleic acid claim 10 , citric acid and methane sulfonic acid.12. The process as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the mixture is heated to up to 150° C.13. A process as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising the method step of dissolving the ionic compound in at least one solvent selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acids claim 10 , amides claim 10 , alcohols claim 10 , amines claim 10 , ketones (aldehydes) claim 10 , esters claim 10 , alkyl halides claim 10 , ethers claim 10 , aromatics for example; methanol claim 10 , ethanol claim 10 , propan-1-ol claim 10 , propan-2-ol claim 10 , 1-butanol claim 10 , isobutanol claim 10 , 2-butanol claim 10 , tert- ...

METHOD FOR SYNTHESISING DIMETHYL CARBONATE

A method for synthesising dimethyl carbonate from methanol and urea, in which a saline ureic medium is used that includes at least one inorganic salt selected from the group made up of zinc (Zn) (II) chloride, tin (Sn) chlorides and iron (Fe) (III) chloride, characterised in that: methanol, in the presence of a catalytic composition, is placed in contact with the saline ureic medium that is at least partially liquid at a temperature referred to as synthesis temperature, which is higher than 140° C., such that reaction vapours are produced; the reaction vapours are condensed, and a condensate of the reaction vapours is collected, including dimethyl carbonate; the method is carried out at atmospheric pressure. A method for enriching and purifying dimethyl carbonate is also described. 118-. (canceled)19. Method for synthesizing dimethyl carbonate starting from methanol and urea , in which a saline ureic medium comprising at least one inorganic salt selected from the group consisting essentially of zinc chloride (Zn) II , tin chlorides (Sn) , and iron chloride (Fe) III is used: methanol, in the presence of a catalytic composition, is brought into contact with said saline ureic medium that is at least partially liquid at a temperature, so-called synthesis temperature, that is higher than 140° C., such that reaction vapors are produced;', 'the reaction vapors are condensed, and a condensate of said reaction vapors and that comprises dimethyl carbonate is recovered;', 'the method is implemented at atmospheric pressure., 'wherein20. Method according to claim 19 , wherein during a first operating step claim 19 , a reaction medium that comprises the saline ureic medium claim 19 , the catalytic composition claim 19 , and a first quantity of methanol is formed claim 19 , and the reaction medium is kept at the synthesis temperature claim 19 , with the formed condensate being reintroduced into the reaction medium claim 19 , and then during a second subsequent operating step claim ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CHLOROTRIFLUOROETHYLENE

The present invention relates, at least in part, to a process for making chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) from 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a). In certain aspects, the process includes dehydrochlorinating 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof. 1. A process for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene (CFO-1113) comprising:dehydrochlorinating 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a) in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more metal halides; (ii) one or more halogenated metal oxides; (iii) one or more zero-valent metals or metal alloys; (iv) combinations thereof to produce a reaction product comprising CFO-1113.2. The process of wherein the conversion of HCFC-123a is at least about 5 wt. %.3. The process of wherein a selectivity to chlorotrifluoroethylene is at least about 70 wt. %.4. The process of wherein said reaction product comprises less than about 10 wt. % of CFO-1112.5. The process of wherein the dehydrochlorinating step is conducted at a temperature greater than about 400° C.6. The process of wherein a substantial portion of the dehydrochlorinating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 480° C. to about 550° C.7. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide claim 1 , a tri-valent metal halide claim 1 , or a combination thereof.8. The process of wherein catalyst comprises a mono-valent metal halide claim 1 , a bi-valent metal halide or a combination thereof.9. The process of wherein the catalyst comprises at least one metal halide wherein the component metal is selected from the group consisting of Cr claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Ca claim 1 , Ni claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Pd claim 1 , Li claim 1 , Na claim ...

NEW CATALYTIC SYSTEM

The present invention relates to a structured catalyst based on sintered metal fibers (SMF) coated by a non-acidic metal oxide layer impregnated with Pd and Agnanopartides, characterized in that the ratio of the Pd:Ag is 1:1 to 10:1, as well as the use of such a catalyst in selective catalytic hydrogenations of organic compounds. 1. A structured catalyst based on sintered metal fibers (SMF) coated by a non-acidic metal oxide layer impregnated with Pd- and Ag-nanoparticles , characterized in that the ratio of Pd:Ag-nanoparticles is 1:1 to 10:1.2. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the SMF consists of an alloy free from Al.3. A structured catalyst according to claim 2 , wherein alloy is stainless steel.4. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the SMF consist of a FCrAl alloy.5. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the non-acidic metal oxide layer comprises ZnO and optionally at least one further metal oxide wherein the metal is chosen from the group consisting of Cr claim 1 , Mn claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , Cu and Al.6. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises between 0.01 and 20 wt-% claim 1 , based on the total weight of the catalyst claim 1 , of ZnO claim 1 , preferably between 0.1 and 10 wt-% more preferably between 1.5 and 10 wt-% and most preferably between 2 and 8 wt-%.7. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the Pd-nanoparticles have an average particle size of between 0.5 and 20 nm claim 1 , preferably of between 2 and 15 nm claim 1 , more preferably of between 5 and 12 nm and most preferably of between 7 to 10 nm.8. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the Ag-nanoparticles have an average particle size of between 0.5 and 10 nm claim 1 , preferably of between 2 and 10 nm claim 1 , more preferably of between 5 and 10 nm and most preferably of between 7 to 10 nm.9. A structured catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the Pd- and Ag- ...

COMPOSITE CATALYST FOR COAL DEPOLYMERIZATION AND USING METHOD THEREFOR

A composite catalyst for coal depolymerization, the catalyst includes an agent A and an agent B. The agent A includes an iron salt-based catalyst, and the agent B includes a metal salt-based catalyst different from the iron salt-based catalyst. The agent A and the agent B are alternately added during use. 1. A composite catalyst for coal depolymerization , comprising an agent A and an agent B; wherein the agent A and the agent B are alternately added during use; the agent A comprises an iron salt-based catalyst; and the agent B comprises a metal salt-based catalyst different from the iron salt-based catalyst.2. The composite catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a weight percentage of the iron salt-based catalyst is 3% to 25% in the agent A.3. The composite catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the iron salt-based catalyst consists of at least one of ferric chloride and ferric nitrate.4. The composite catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the agent A further consists of at least one of a first inorganic accelerator claim 3 , a first organic accelerator claim 3 , a first surfactant and a first solvent.5. The composite catalyst of claim 4 , wherein the agent. A comprises the iron salt-based catalyst claim 4 , the first inorganic accelerator claim 4 , the first organic accelerator claim 4 , the first surfactant claim 4 , and the first solvent;weight percentages of the first inorganic accelerator, the first organic accelerator and the first surfactant are 0.5 to 2%, 1 to 10%, and 0 05 to 2.0% in the agent A, respectively; and a balance is the first solvent.6. The composite catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the first inorganic accelerator consists of at least one of potassium permanganate claim 5 , potassium dichromate claim 5 , potassium peroxydisulfate claim 5 , and hydrogen peroxide; the first organic accelerator consists of at least one of methanol and ethanol; the first surfactant consists of at least one of fatty alcohol oxyethylene ether claim 5 , sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate claim 5 , ...

A process for preparation of amides and esters of 2-((2-hydroxypropanoyl)oxy)propanoic acid

The present invention describes method of preparation of esters or amides of lactyl lactates of general formula I, where Z denotes to group of R—O or RR′—N and R represent alkyl, aryl or H from lactide and the lactide is in contact with a hydrocarbyl alcohol and a hydrolyzable halide in a non-chlorinated organic solvent, or an amine initiated by a hydrolysable halide or hydrogen halide solution or an ammonium hydrohalide, wherein the hydrocarbyl alcohol or amine is either aliphatic or aromatic and containing 1 to 1000 carbon atoms, preferably 1 up to 150 carbon atoms, and optionally one or more, preferably 1 to 5, —CH— groups may be replaced by —O— groups. 2. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydrocarbyl alcohol contains 1 to 100 hydroxy groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 hydroxyl groups and is selected from the group consisting of methanol claim 1 , 1-propanol claim 1 , 1-butanol claim 1 , 2-propanol claim 1 , 2-methyl-2-propanol claim 1 , 2-ethyl-1-hexanol claim 1 , phenol claim 1 , cyclohexanol claim 1 , trimethylolpropane oxetane claim 1 , trimethylolpropane diallyl ether.3. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the hydrocarbyl alcohol contains 1 to 100 hydroxy groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 hydroxy groups and is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 1 ,4-butanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,5-pentanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,6-hexanediol claim 1 , 1 claim 1 ,10-decanediol claim 1 , 1-octadecanol claim 1 , oleyl alcohol claim 1 , 1-hexadecanol claim 1 , carbohydrates and polysaccharides claim 1 , poly(vinyl-alcohols) claim 1 , polyethylene glycols claim 1 , lignin claim 1 , fatty alcohols claim 1 , etc.4. The process according to claim 1 , characterized in that the amine is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic primary and secondary amines claim 1 , anilines and polyamines containing 1 to 500 amino groups claim 1 , preferably 1 to 10 amino groups.5. The process according to claim 1 , characterized ...

CATALYSTS FOR OXIDATIVE SULFUR REMOVAL AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THEREOF

Catalysts for oxidative sulfur removal and methods of making and using thereof are described herein. The catalysts contain one or more reactive metal salts dispersed on one or more substrates. Suitable reactive metal salts include those salts containing multivariable metals having variable valence or oxidation states and having catalytic activity with sulfur compounds present in gaseous fuel streams. In some embodiments, the catalyst contains one or more compounds that function as an oxygen sponge under the reaction conditions for oxidative sulfur removal. The catalysts can be used to oxidatively remove sulfur-containing compounds from fuel streams, particularly gaseous fuel streams having high sulfur content. Due to the reduced catalyst cost, anticipated long catalyst life and reduced adsorbent consumption, the catalysts described herein are expected to provide a 20-60% reduction in annual desulfurization cost for biogas with sulfur contents ranges from 1000-5000 ppmv compared with the best adsorbent approach. 128-. (canceled)29. A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds from fluid fuel streams , the method comprising contacting the gaseous fuel stream with one or more catalysts comprising one or more substrates and one or more reactive metal salts to convert the sulfur-containing compounds to elemental sulfur , wherein the one or more reactive metal salts are selected from chlorides of transition metals having multiple oxidation states , sulfates of transition metals have multiple oxidation states , and combinations thereof , wherein the metal is in the lowest possible oxidation state.30. The method of claim 29 , wherein the method further comprises contacting the gaseous fuel stream with the one or more catalysts in the presence of an oxygen containing gas.31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the oxygen-containing gas is selected from the group consisting of oxygen claim 30 , sulfur dioxide claim 30 , air claim 30 , ozone claim 30 , hydrogen peroxide ...

Method For Making Catalyst Compositions Of Alkali Metal Halide-Doped Bivalent Metal Fluorides And A Process For Making Fluorinated Olefins

There is provided methods for making a catalyst composition represented by the formula MX/M′F 2 wherein MX is an alkali metal halide; M is an alkali metal ion selected from the group consisting of Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , and Cs + ; X is a halogen ion selected from the group consisting of F − , Cl − , Br − , and I − ; M′F 2 is a bivalent metal fluoride; and M′ is a bivalent metal ion. One method has the following steps: (a) dissolving an amount of the alkali metal halide in an amount of solvent sufficient to substantially dissolve or solubilize the alkali metal halide to form an alkali metal halide solution; (b) adding an amount of the bi-valent metal fluoride to the alkali metal halide solution to form a slurry of the alkali metal halide and bi-valent metal fluoride; and (c) removing substantially all of the solvent from the slurry to form a solid mass of the alkali metal halide and bi-valent metal fluoride. Another method has the following steps: (a) adding an amount of hydroxide, oxide, or carbonate of an alkali metal to an aqueous solution of a hydrogen halide and reacted to form an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide; (b) adding an amount of a hydroxide, oxide, or carbonate of a bivalent metal to an aqueous solution of hydrogen fluoride and reacted to form a precipitate of a bivalent metal fluoride; (c) admixing the alkali metal halide solution and the bivalent metal fluoride precipitate are admixed to form an aqueous slurry; and (d) removing water from the aqueous slurry to form a solid mass. There is also a method for making a fluorinated olefin.

PARALLEL REACTOR SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PREPARING MATERIALS

Parallel reactor systems for synthesizing materials are disclosed. The reactor systems may be suitable for synthesizing materials produced from corrosive reagents. Methods for preparing materials by use of such parallel reactor systems are also disclosed. 1. A parallel reactor system comprising:a reactor array including at least two reaction vessels;a dispensing system having a needle for dispensing material into the reaction vessels;an antechamber disposed above each reaction vessel; andan antechamber sealing member for forming a seal between the needle and the antechamber upon lowering of the needle into the reaction chamber.2. The parallel reactor system as set forth in further comprising a valve disposed between the antechamber and reaction vessel for isolating the antechamber from the reaction vessel.3. The parallel reactor system as set forth in wherein the sealing member is selected from the group consisting of a valve claim 1 , a septum claim 1 , an o-ring and a duckbill injector.4. The parallel reactor system as set forth in wherein the antechamber has an inlet and/or outlet for introducing and removing gases from the antechamber.5. The parallel reactor system as set forth in comprising a substantially air-tight housing and wherein the reactor array claim 1 , dispensing system claim 1 , antechamber and antechamber sealing member are enclosed within a main chamber of the housing.6. The parallel reactor system as set forth in comprising a waste container claim 5 , the waste container being positioned outside of the main chamber of the housing.7. The parallel reactor system as set forth in comprising a second waste container.8. The parallel reactor system as set forth in comprising a waste container sealing assembly capable of sealing the waste container claim 6 , the sealing assembly comprising a sealing member and a valve.9. The parallel reaction system as set forth in wherein the sealing member is an o-ring.10. The parallel reactor system as set forth in ...

Process for Preparing Fluorobenzene and Catalyst Therefore

The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved. 1. A process for the manufacture of a fluorinated benzene , preferably monofluorobenzene , in a vapor-phase fluorination process comprising the steps of:a) provision of a chlorinated benzene as starting compound;b) provision of a fluorination gas consisting of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF);c) provision of a fluorination catalyst, optionally of an activated and/or reactivated, and/or of a pre-fluorinated fluorination catalyst;d) provision of a reactor or reactor system, resistant to hydrogen fluoride (HF), and comprising a vaporizer for the starting compound of a), and a condenser for the vapor-phase fluorination reaction product, and a reservoir for collecting the fluorination reaction product;e) at least one vapor-phase reaction stage comprising reacting of a) a vaporized chlorinated benzene with b) anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase in the presence of c) the fluorination catalyst, so as to produce a vapor-phase fluorination reaction product;f) withdrawing the vapor-phase fluorination reaction product formed in the vapor-phase reaction step e) from the reactor or reactor system of d), and transferring the vapor-phase fluorination reaction product to the condenser and condensing for collecting the condensed fluorination reaction product; andg) hydrolysing the fluorination reaction product obtained and collected according to f), in water, to obtain a fluorinated benzene, preferably monofluorobenzene; andh) phase separation of the organic phase of fluorinated benzene, preferably ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE

The present invention relates, in part, to the discovery that, during the fluorination of certain fluoroolefin starting reagents, oligomerization/polymerization of such reagents reduces the conversion process and leads to increased catalyst deactivation. The present invention also illustrates that vaporizing such starting reagents in the presence of one or more organic co-feed reduces such oligomerization/polymerization and improves catalytic stability. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound of Formula I comprises 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa); the compound of Formula II comprises 2 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3 claim 1 ,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xf); and the compound of Formula III comprises 1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,1 claim 1 ,2 claim 1 ,3-pentachloropropane (240db).3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one or more organic compounds are present in an amount ranging from 1 to 50 wt %.4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the at least one or more organic compounds are present in an amount ranging from 3 to 30 wt %.5. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the at least one or more organic compounds are present in an amount ranging from 5 to 15 wt %.6. A composition comprising:(i) 2,3-dichloro-3,3-difluoropropene (1233xf); and(ii) at least one or more organic compounds selected from 1,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1223xd), trichlorofluoropropene (1231) isomers, 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (244bb) and unreacted 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa), 2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xf) and 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane (240db).7. The composition of further comprising HCl.8. The composition of further comprising HF. The present invention relates to a process for preparing fluorinated organic compounds, more particularly to a process for preparing fluorinated olefins, and even more particularly to a process for producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), such as ...

CATALYST AND PROCESS USING THE CATALYST

A new chromium-containing fluorination catalyst is described. The catalyst comprises an amount of zinc that promotes activity. The zinc is contained in aggregates which have a size across their largest dimension of up to 1 micron. The aggregates are distributed throughout at least the surface region of the catalyst and greater than 40 weight % of the aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±1 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in those aggregates. 1. A process for preparing a chromium-containing fluorination catalyst comprising zinc , said method comprising the steps of:providing a tank;introducing an aqueous solution comprising a mixture of zinc and chromium nitrates into the tank using a jet mixer;introducing an aqueous hydroxide compound into the tank;collecting a mixed-hydroxide product comprising zinc hydroxide and chromium (III) hydroxide from the tank;drying the mixed hydroxide product collected from the tank;crushing the dried product to produce a powder;calcining the mixed-hydroxide product to convert the zinc hydroxide and chromium (III) hydroxide to their oxides; andmixing the powder with graphite and compacting the mixture to form pellets.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the tank comprises a rotating stirrer blade.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the aqueous solution comprising the mixture of zinc and chromium nitrates is introduced into the tank close to the stirrer blade.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the aqueous hydroxide compound is introduced into the tank close to the stirrer blade.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the mixed hydroxide product collected from the tank is filtered and washed prior to being dried.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the aqueous hydroxide compound introduced into the tank is ammonium hydroxide.7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the rate at which the ammonium hydroxide is introduced into the tank is adjusted to maintain a pH in the tank of from 7 to 8.5.8. The process of claim 1 , ...

Processes for Producing Fluorided Solid Oxides and Uses Thereof in Metallocene-Based Catalyst Systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins. 1. A process to produce a fluorided solid oxide , the process comprising:(a) contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound and an inorganic base to produce an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least about 4; and(b) contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein:the acidic fluorine-containing compound and the inorganic base are contacted at a ratio of acid:base equivalents in a range from about 1:1 to about 1:2; andthe acidic fluorine-containing compound is contacted first with water, and then the inorganic base, to produce the aqueous mixture in step (a), or the inorganic base is contacted first with water, and then the acidic fluorine-containing compound, to produce the aqueous mixture in step (a).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein:a metal-containing compound is contacted with the acidic fluorine-containing compound and the inorganic base in step (a); andthe fluorided solid oxide contains from about 0.5 to about 10 wt. % of the metal of the metal-containing compound, based on the weight of the fluorided solid oxide.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic base comprises a zinc-containing inorganic base claim 1 , an aluminum-containing inorganic base claim 1 , an iron-containing inorganic base ...

PARALLEL REACTOR SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PREPARING MATERIALS

Parallel reactor systems for synthesizing materials are disclosed. The reactor systems may be suitable for synthesizing materials produced from corrosive reagents. Methods for preparing materials by use of such parallel reactor systems are also disclosed. 113-. (canceled)15. The method of claim 14 , further comprising purging the first corrosive fluid from the antechamber after lowering the dispensing needle into the antechamber and prior to lowering the dispensing needle into the reaction vessel.16. (canceled)17. The method of claim 14 , further comprising dispensing a second fluid into each reaction vessel.18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the parallel reactor system further comprises a waste container and a sealing assembly having a sealing member and a valve disposed between the sealing member and each reaction vessel claim 14 , the method comprising:forming a seal between the sealing member and the dispensing needle;opening the valve after the seal has formed between the dispensing needle and the sealing member;dispensing waste from the dispensing needle into the waste container;closing the valve after waste has been dispensed into the waste container; andwithdrawing the dispensing needle after the valve has been closed.19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the parallel reactor system forms a Ziegler-Natta catalyst by:(1) synthesizing an alkyl precursor;(2) preparing a magnesium chloride support from the magnesium alkyl precursor;(3) activating the support; and{'sub': '4', '(4) contacting the support with TiCl.'}20. The method of claim 14 , wherein the parallel reactor system comprises at least two waste containers claim 14 , the method comprising dispensing a different waste material to each waste container.21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the first corrosive fluid is purged from the antechamber by circulating inert gas through the antechamber.22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the second fluid is corrosive. This application claims the benefit of U.S. ...

SYNTHESIS OF CANNABIGEROL

Multiple methods of synthesizing cannabigerol are presented. Combining olivetol with geraniol derivatives are provided. Cross-coupling methods of combing functionalized resorcinols are provided. Useful intermediates are formed during such cross-coupling steps. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the solvent is at least one of methyl tert-butyl ether (“MTBE”) claim 7 , acetonitrile claim 7 , toluene claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , heptane claim 7 , hexane claim 7 , pentane claim 7 , acetone claim 7 , ethyl acetate claim 7 , butyl acetate claim 7 , isobutyl acetate claim 7 , t-butyl acetate claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 1 claim 7 ,4-dioxane claim 7 , chloroform claim 7 , or dichloromethane.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is pTSA.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is one of CSA claim 7 , MsOH claim 7 , FeCl3 claim 7 , or AcCl.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein reacting the solution comprises reacting the solution at a temperature for a period of time between about 20 minutes and 24 hours.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the temperature is between about 55° C. and 100° C. claim 11 , and the percent of conversion of olivetol to CBG is at least about 45%.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the period of time is no greater than about 1.5 hours.14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the olivetol and the geraniol is added in a molar ratio of about 1:1.15. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:separating CBG from the reactant solution using at least one separation technique.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the separation technique comprises a method having the steps of:neutralizing the reactant solution and adding a desiccant to form a neutralized solution;filtering the neutralized solution and evaporating the solvent to form a concentrated oil;adding lipophilic solvent to the concentrated oil to form a reactant oil; andprecipitating CBG.17. The method of ...

Process for the production of graphene sheets with tunable functionalities from seaweed promoted by deep eutectic solvents

The present invention relates to the process for the scalable production of FeO/Fe, Sn & Zn doped graphene nanosheets from a naturally abundant seaweed resources such as and The granules remained after the recovery of liquid juice from the fresh seaweeds were utilized as a raw material and a deep eutectic solvents (DESs) generated by the complexation of choline chloride and FeCl, ZnCland SnClwere employed as template as well as catalyst for the production graphene nanosheets functionalized with metals. Pyrolysis of the mixture of seaweed granules and DES at 700-900° C. under 95% Nand 5% Hatmosphere resulted formation of metal doped graphene sheets with high surface area (120-225 m·g) and high electrical conductivity 2384 mS·mto 2400 mS·m. The nanosheets thus obtained could remove substantial amount of fluoride from fluoride contaminated drinking water (95-98%). 1. A process for the preparation of facile production of functionalized graphene sheets using seaweed biomass as precursor and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) acting as both catalyst and template , comprising the steps of ,(i) crushing the seaweeds mechanically to yield a liquid and residue in granular form;(ii) separating the liquid part from the residual part;(iii) obtaining the residual part in the granular form from step (ii);(iv) treating the granules obtained in step (iii) with deep eutectic solvents followed by pyrolysis under inert atmosphere and high temperature which produces functionalized graphene sheets.2Sargassum tenerrimum, Sargassum wightii,Ulva faciataUlva lactucaKappaphycus alvarezii.. The process as claimed in wherein the seaweed biomass used is selected from the brown seaweeds such as green seaweeds such as and and red seaweeds such as3. The process as claimed in wherein the seaweed biomass used for the production of functionalized graphene sheets is fresh.4. The process as claimed in wherein the obtained liquid consist of plant micro and macro nutrients and plant growth regulators which can ...

METHOD FOR RECOVERING CARBON FIBERS FROM COMPOSITE WASTE

A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite waste includes coating a water-soluble catalyst powder on a surface of composite waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix and pyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite waste. 1. A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite waste , the method comprising:coating a water-soluble catalyst powder on a surface of composite waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix; andpyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite waste.2. The method of wherein the step of coating includes spraying the water-soluble catalyst powder on the surface of the composite waste with an amount of 0.1-0.5 g/cm.3. The method of wherein the step of pyrolizing includes putting the coated composite waste into a pyrolysis device.4. The method of wherein the step of pyrolizing includes heating to 250 to 450° C. for 10 to 30 minutes.5. The method of further comprising stopping the heating and naturally cooling to room temperature.6. The method of wherein the catalyst is a solid powder at room temperature claim 1 , has a melting point between 250° C. and 400° C. claim 1 , and has stable chemical properties.7. The method of wherein the catalyst includes a main catalyst and sodium bicarbonate.8. The method of wherein the main catalyst includes zinc chloride claim 7 , sodium tetrachloroaluminate claim 7 , zinc sulfate claim 7 , or a mixture thereof.9. The method of wherein the resin matrix includes a thermosetting resin.10. The method of wherein the thermosetting resin includes at least one of epoxy resin claim 9 , unsaturated polyester claim 9 , and phenolic resin.11. The method of wherein the resin matrix includes a thermoplastic resin.12. The method of wherein the thermoplastic resin includes at least one of polyolefin claim 11 , nylon claim 11 , and polyester.13. The method of wherein the carbon fibers include at least one of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers and asphalt-based carbon fibers.14. The method of wherein a ...

Catalysts For Making Acrylic Acid From Lactic Acid Or Its Derivatives In Liquid Phase

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

PREPARATION OF (METH)ACRYLIC ACID ESTERS

The invention relates to a method for preparation of (meth)acrylic acid esters from (meth)acrylic acid anhydrides. 18-. (cancelled)10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the first catalyst comprises: a halide of magnesium or of a rare earth element; a perchlorate of magnesium or of a rare earth element; or a trifluoromethanesulfonate of magnesium or of a rare earth element.11. The process of claim 9 , wherein the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: magnesium bromide; magnesium iodide; magnesium chloride; lanthanum (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; yttrium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; ytterbium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; and scandium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate.12. The process of claim 9 , wherein the total amount of the first catalyst in step (a) is between 0.001 mol.-% and 10 mol.-% based on the amount of the substrate.13. The process of claim 9 , wherein the total amount of the first catalyst in step (a) is between 0.01 mol.-% and 1.0 mol.-% claim 9 , based on the amount of the substrate.14. The process of claim 9 , wherein the temperature during step (a) is in the range of 20° C. to 140° C.15. The process of claim 9 , wherein the temperature during step (a) is in the range of 40° C. to 110 ° C.16. The process of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a primary alcohol claim 9 , secondary alcohol claim 9 , or tertiary alcohol having one hydroxyl group.17. The process of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a primary alcohol claim 9 , secondary alcohol claim 9 , or tertiary alcohol having more than one hydroxyl group.18. The process of claim 9 , wherein the molar ratio (meth)acrylic acid anhydride: substrate in step (a) is between 5:1 and 1:5.19. The process of claim 9 , wherein the molar ratio (meth)acrylic acid anhydride:substrate in step (a) is between 3:1 and 1:3.20. The process of claim 11 , wherein the total amount of the first catalyst in step (a) is between 0.001 mol.-% and 10 mol.-% based on the amount of the ...

PREPARATION OF (METH)ACRYLIC ACID ESTERS

The invention relates to a method for preparation of (meth)acrylic acid esters from (meth)acrylic acid anhydrides. 18-. (canceled)10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the first catalyst comprises: a halide of magnesium or of a rare earth element; a perchlorate of magnesium or of a rare earth element; or a trifluoromethanesulfonate of magnesium or of a rare earth element.11. The process of claim 9 , wherein the first catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: magnesium bromide; magnesium iodide; magnesium chloride; lanthanum (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; yttrium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; ytterbium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate; and scandium (III) trifluoromethanesulfonate.12. The process of claim 9 , wherein the total amount of the first catalyst in step (a) is between 0.001 mol.-% and 10 mol.-% based on the amount of the substrate.13. The process of claim 9 , wherein the total amount of the first catalyst in step (a) is between 0.01 mol.-% and 1.0 mol.-% claim 9 , based on the amount of the substrate.14. The process of claim 9 , wherein the temperature during step (a) is in the range of 20° C. to 140° C.15. The process of claim 9 , wherein the temperature during step (a) is in the range of 40° C. to 110° C.16. The process of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a primary alcohol claim 9 , secondary alcohol claim 9 , or tertiary alcohol having one hydroxyl group.17. The process of claim 9 , wherein the substrate comprises a primary alcohol claim 9 , secondary alcohol claim 9 , or tertiary alcohol having more than one hydroxyl group.18. The process of claim 9 , wherein the molar ratio (meth)acrylic acid anhydride:substrate in step (a) is between 5:1 and 1:5.19. The process of claim 9 , wherein the molar ratio (meth)acrylic acid anhydride:substrate in step (a) is between 3:1 and 1:3.20. The process of claim 9 , further comprising steps (b) and (c) which are carried out after step (a):(b) adding an auxiliary alcohol to the product mixture ...

PREPARATION OF DIESTERS OF (METH)ACRYLIC ACID FROM EPOXIDES

The invention relates to a method for preparation of diesters from anhydrides of carboxylic acids. 115-. (canceled)17. The process of claim 16 , wherein:{'sup': 1', '2, 'Ris a hydrogen atom, Ris a vinyl group, and the (meth)acrylic anhydride of formula (II) is acrylic acid anhydride; or alternatively{'sup': 1', '2, 'Ris a methyl group, Ris a 1-methylvinyl group and the (meth)acrylic anhydride of formula (II) is methacrylic acid anhydride.'}18. The process of claim 16 , wherein the optionally substituted aliphatic or aromatic substituents having up to 17 carbon atoms are selected from the group consisting of: optionally substituted alkyl claim 16 , cycloalkyl claim 16 , alkenyl claim 16 , or alkadienyl substituents having up to 17 carbon atoms optionally substituted with one substituent Rselected from: a halogen atom claim 16 , —CN claim 16 , —SCN claim 16 , —OCN claim 16 , and —NCO.19. The process of claim 16 , wherein the epoxide of general Formula (III) is selected from the group consisting of: ethylene oxide; propylene oxide; 1-hexene oxide; cyclohexene oxide; cyclopentene oxide; 1-butene oxide; 2-butene oxide; isobutene oxide; styrene oxide; and glycidyl methacrylate.20. The process of claim 16 , wherein process step (a) is carried out in the presence of the first catalyst claim 16 , the second catalyst and the co-catalyst.21. The process of claim 16 , wherein the co-catalyst is a quaternary ammonium salt.22. The process of claim 16 , wherein the co-catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: tetrabutylammonium chloride; tetrabutylammonium bromide; tetraethylammonium chloride; tetrabutylammonium acetate; tetramethylammonium chloride; tetrapentylammonium bromide; cetyl-trimethylammonium bromide; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolyl chloride; cetylpyridinium chloride; and triethylbenzylammonium chloride.23. The process of claim 16 , wherein the second catalyst is a chromium (III) carboxylate.24. The process of claim 23 , wherein the chromium (III) carboxylate is ...

Polypropylenes and Methods for Making Them

A polypropylene comprising a xylene soluble fraction of 1.5 wt % by weight of the polymer and soluble fraction or less, wherein the polypropylene has a melt flow rate within a range from 50 g/10 min to 500 g/10 min and a flexural modulus within a range from 1780 MPa to 2200 MPa. The polypropylene is preferably made from contacting propylene with a solid magnesium/titanium catalyst component that has been washed at least once with a solvent having a desirable solubility parameter. 1. A polypropylene comprising a xylene soluble fraction of 1.5 wt % by weight of the polymer and soluble fraction or less , wherein the polypropylene has a melt flow rate within a range from 50 g/10 min to 500 g/10 min and a flexural modulus within a range from 1780 MPa to 2200 MPa.2. The polypropylene of claim 1 , produced in a process comprising combining propylene and a solid magnesium/titanium catalyst component.3. The polypropylene of claim 2 , wherein the solid magnesium/titanium catalyst component comprises 1.6 wt % titanium or less.4. The polypropylene of claim 1 , having an isopentad level of at least 95%.5. The polypropylene of claim 1 , wherein the solid magnesium/titanium catalyst component was made a process comprising:a) bringing a magnesium compound, a titanium halide compound, and one or more internal electron donor compounds into contact with each other to effect a reaction and form a reaction product; andb) washing the reaction product one or more times with a first inert organic solvent to produce a first intermediate product, wherein the first organic solvent does not have reactivity with the titanium halide compound, and has a solubility parameter (SP) of 8.0 to 9.0.6. The polypropylene of claim 5 , further comprising:c) washing the first intermediate product one or more times with a second inert organic solvent to produce a second intermediate product, wherein the second intern solvent comprises a hydrocarbon compound and does not have reactivity with the titanium ...

Preparation Method Of Catalyst For Ethylene Polymerization

Disclosed is a method for preparing a titanium solid catalyst supported on magnesium dichloride that may be used to prepare ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene having a high apparent density. Performing a polymerization reaction using a solid catalyst containing titanium tetrachloride and a phthalate compound may allow ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene having uniform particle size and high apparent density to be prepared. 1. A preparation method of a catalyst for producing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene , the method comprising:{'sub': '2', '(1) reacting magnesium dichloride (MgCl) with alcohol to prepare a magnesium compound solution;'}(2) reacting titanium tetrachloride with the magnesium compound solution prepared in the step (1) to prepare a precursor; and(3) reacting the precursor with titanium tetrachloride and phthalate compound to prepare the catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol is an alcohol having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the phthalate compound includes at least one phthalate compound represented by a following general formula (I){'br': None, 'sub': 1', '6', '4', '2, 'ROOC(CH)COOR\u2003\u2003(I)'}{'sub': 1', '2, 'where each of Rand Rrepresents an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms.'} This application claims the benefit and priority of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0174006 filed Dec. 24, 2019. The entire disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.The present disclosure relates to a magnesium-supported titanium solid catalyst and a preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene using the same. The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene with uniform particle sizes and high apparent density by preparing a solid catalyst containing titanium tetrachloride and a phthalate compound and then performing polymerization using the same.This section provides background information related to ...

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST AND CATALYST SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING 1,2-DICHLOROETHANE

To provide a heterogeneous catalyst that exhibits high activity and high selectivity, specifically a catalyst suitable for oxychlorination to produce 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene, and a catalyst system. Provided are: a heterogeneous catalyst supported on a porous carrier, characterized in that the integral value of the hysteresis occurring between an adsorption isotherm and a desorption isotherm by a gas adsorption method, is at most 19% to the total integral value of the adsorption isotherm; and a catalyst system for producing 1,2-dichloroethane, which comprises this catalyst and a diluent having a spherical shape, circular cylindrical shape or hollow cylindrical shape. 120-. (canceled)21. A catalyst which is a heterogeneous catalyst having a metal compound supported on a porous carrier and which is characterized in that the integral value of the hysteresis occurring between an adsorption isotherm and a desorption isotherm by a gas adsorption method , is at most 19% to the total integral value of the adsorption isotherm.22. The catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the porous carrier is alumina claim 21 , silica claim 21 , silica-alumina claim 21 , zeolite claim 21 , titanium oxide claim 21 , zirconium oxide or magnesium oxide.23. The catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the metal in the metal compound is a metal in Group 1 claim 21 , Group 2 or Group 11 in the Periodic Table.24. The catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the metal compound is an oxide or halide.25. The catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the metal compound is copper chloride.26. The catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the metal compound is copper chloride claim 21 , and at least one metal chloride selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride claim 21 , cesium chloride claim 21 , sodium chloride and magnesium chloride.27. The catalyst according to claim 25 , wherein the amount of copper chloride supported claim 25 , is from 3 to 25 wt %.28. The catalyst according ...

OXIDATION CATALYST FOR FURFURAL COMPOUNDS AND APPLYING METHOD THEREOF

An oxidation catalyst includes a nickel-containing material, a manganese-containing material and a bromine-containing material, wherein the molar number of the element bromine (Br) in the oxidation catalyst to the total molar number of the element nickel (Ni) and the element manganese (Mn) in the oxidation catalyst substantially ranges from 0.01 to 7.5. 1. An oxidation catalyst for furfural compounds , comprising:a nickel-containing material;a manganese-containing material; anda bromine-containing material;wherein the molar number of an element bromine (Br) in the oxidation catalyst to the total molar number of an element nickel (Ni) and an element manganese (Mn) in the oxidation catalyst substantially ranges from 0.01 to 7.5.3. The oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the element Br has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Br]; the element Ni has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Ni]; the element Mn has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Mn]; a value of [Br]/[Ni] substantially ranges from 0.01 to 20; and a value of [Br]/[Mn] substantially ranges from 0.01 to 20.4. The oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the element Br has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Br]; the element Ni has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Ni]; the element Mn has a molar number in the oxidation catalyst referred to as [Mn]; a value of [Br]/[Ni] substantially ranges from 0.01 to 5; a value of [Br]/[Mn] substantially ranges from 0.01 to 5; and a value of [Br]/([Ni]+[Mn]) substantially ranges from 0.01 to 0.5.5. The oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the nickel-containing material is selected from a group consisting of nickel acetate claim 1 , nickel bromide claim 1 , nickel sulfate claim 1 , nickel chloride claim 1 , nickel oxalate claim 1 , nickel carbonate and arbitrary combinations thereof.6. The oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROPENE

The instant invention relates to a process and method for manufacturing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene by dehydrohalogenating a reactant stream of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane that is substantially free from impurities, particularly halogenated propanes, propenes, and propynes. 135-. (canceled)36. A composition comprising:2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane (244bb) in an amount greater than 95 wt. %; andless than 500 ppm of any halogenated hydrocarbon impurity.37. The composition of claim 36 , comprising 2-chloro-1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,2 tetrafluoropropane (244bb) in an amount greater than 97 wt. %.38. The composition of claim 36 , comprising 2-chloro-1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,2-tetrafluoropropane (244bb) in an amount greater than 99 wt. %.39. The composition of claim 36 , comprising 2-chloro-1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,2-tetrafluoropropane (244bb) in an amount greater than 99.5 wt. %.41. The composition of claim 36 , wherein said impurity is selected from the group consisting of 1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,2 claim 36 ,2-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245cb) claim 36 , 1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,2-tetrafluoropropane (HFC-254eb) claim 36 , 1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,1 claim 36 ,3-tetrafluoropropane (HFC-254fb) claim 36 , 3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-trifluoropropene (HFO-1243z1) claim 36 , 2 claim 36 ,3-dichloro-3 claim 36 ,3-difluoropropene (HCFO-1232xf) claim 36 , 2-chloro-3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf) claim 36 , 1-chloro-3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd) claim 36 , 1 claim 36 ,2-dichloro-3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1223xd) claim 36 , chlorotetrafluoropropenes (HCFO-1224 isomers) claim 36 , 1 claim 36 ,2 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye (cis and trans isomers)) claim 36 , 1 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze (cis and trans isomers)) claim 36 , 3 claim 36 ,3 claim 36 ,3-trifluoropropyne claim ...

Compositions of chromium oxyfluoride or fluoride catalysts, their preparation and their use in gas-phase processes

The present invention relates to a process for modifying the fluorine distribution in a hydrocarbon compound in the presence of a catalyst, characterized by the use, as catalyst, of a solid composition comprising at least one component containing chromium oxyfluoride or fluoride of empirical formula Cr x M (1-x) O r F s , where 2r+s is greater than or equal to 2.9 and less than 6, M is a metal chosen from columns 2 to 12 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, x has a value from 0.9 to 1, s is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6 and r is greater than or equal to 0 and less than 3, the said solid composition having a crystallinity of less than 20% by weight. The present invention also relates to the solid composition per se.

MERCURY REMOVAL SORBENTS

Sorbents and methods of using them for removing mercury from flue gases over a wide range of temperatures are disclosed. Sorbent materials of this invention comprise oxy- or hydroxyl-halogen (chlorides and bromides) of manganese, copper and calcium as the active phase for Hgoxidation, and are dispersed on a high surface porous supports. In addition to the powder activated carbons (PACs), this support material can be comprised of commercial ceramic supports such as silica (SiO), alumina (AlO), zeolites and clays. The support material may also comprise of oxides of various metals such as iron, manganese, and calcium. The non-carbon sorbents of the invention can be easily injected into the flue gas and recovered in the Particulate Control Device (PCD) along with the fly ash without altering the properties of the by-product fly ash enabling its use as a cement additive. Sorbent materials of this invention effectively remove both elemental and oxidized forms of mercury from flue gases and can be used at elevated temperatures. The sorbent combines an oxidation catalyst and a sorbent in the same particle to both oxidize the mercury and then immobilize it. 1. A solid sorbent in the form of particles to remove mercury from gas streams , comprising: a high surface area solid support , and a metal-oxy-halide or a metal-hydroxy-halide oxidation catalyst bonded to the high surface area solid support.2. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of at most 200 microns.3. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of 80 to 150 microns.4. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of at most 50 microns.5. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the particles have an average diameter of 1 to 20 microns.6. The sorbent of claim 1 , wherein the halide of the metal-oxy-halide or metal-hydroxy-halide is selected from the group consisting of bromide claim 1 , chloride claim 1 , fluoride claim 1 , and iodide ...

CATALYST AND PROCESS FOR OXYCHLORINATION OF ETHYLENE TO DICHLOROETHANE

In an oxychlorination process of the type where ethylene is converted to 1,2-dichloroethane in the presence of a supported copper catalyst, the improvement comprising: the use of a supported catalyst prepared by (i) impregnating, within a first step, an alumina support with a first aqueous solution including copper, an alkaline earth metal, and an alkali metal to thereby form a first catalyst component; and (ii) impregnating, within a subsequent step, the first catalyst component with a second aqueous solution including copper and alkaline earth metal, where the second aqueous solution is substantially devoid of alkali metal, to thereby form the supported catalyst. 1. A process for producing a catalyst for the oxychlorination of ethylene to 1 ,2-dichloroethane , the process comprising steps of:(i) impregnating, within a first step, an alumina support with a first aqueous solution including copper, magnesium, and potassium to thereby form a first catalyst component, wherein the first aqueous solution provides the first catalyst component with a potassium concentration of greater than 0.5 weight percent; and(ii) impregnating, within a subsequent step, the first catalyst component with a second aqueous solution including copper and magnesium, where the second aqueous solution is substantially devoid of potassium, to thereby form the supported catalyst, where said second aqueous solution includes a magnesium to copper molar ratio of greater than 0.19, wherein the concentration of the potassium within the second aqueous solution is less than that amount that would provide the supported catalyst with an additional potassium concentration of 0.5 weight percent.2. The process of claim 1 , where said second aqueous solution includes a magnesium to copper molar ratio of from 0.20 to 0.50.3. An oxychlorination process where ethylene is converted to 1 claim 1 ,2-dichloroethane in the presence of the catalyst of .4. The process of claim 3 , where the oxychlorination process is ...

Solid catalyst for the (co)polymerisation of alpha-olefins and process for the preparation thereof

An improved solid Ziegler-Natta type catalyst for the (co)polymerisation of ethylene and α-olefins, particularly in high-temperature processes, such as for example adiabatic solution processes and high-pressure adiabatic processes with elevated productivity, is provided. Said catalyst is obtained by means of an original process comprising dissolving in hydrocarbons, compounds of titanium, magnesium and optionally a metal selected from hafnium and zirconium, and reprecipitating them in two steps in succession, the first of which is chlorination and the second reduction.

CATALYST COMPRISING FLUORINATED METAL OXIDE, MANUFACTURE PROCESS AND HYDROGENATION PROCESS

A process for the manufacture of a catalyst comprising a fluorinated metal oxide is provided. A catalyst comprising a fluorinated metal oxide is provided. A catalytic hydrogenation process is also provided. 1. A method for manufacturing a catalyst comprising a fluorinated metal oxide , the method comprising fluorinating a catalyst precursor , which comprises a metal oxide , with at least one gaseous fluorinating agent.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide is a ternary oxide.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the ternary oxide comprises a system CuO/ZnO/ZrO.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide comprises the metals M1 to M3 claim 1 , wherein M1 to M3 are metals independently selected from group 3 to 14 claim 1 , preferably group 3 claim 1 , 11 claim 1 , 12 or 13 of the periodic system claim 1 , and wherein each of M1 to M3 is a different metal.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein M1 is Cu.6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the metal oxide comprised in the catalyst precursor is prepared by:precipitation of a precipitate from at least one aqueous solution comprising at least one metal salt; andcalcination of the precipitate to obtain the catalyst precursor comprising the metal oxide.7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one aqueous solution comprises the metals M1 to M3.8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the at least one metal salt is a metal nitrate.9. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the precipitation is performed under basic conditions.10. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the calcination is carried out at a temperature of from 200 to 450° C.11. The method according to claim 6 , wherein claim 6 , before the calcination step claim 6 , the precipitate comprises an aurichalcite and/or a malachite crystal structure.12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one gaseous fluorinating agent is selected from the group consisting of F claim ...

MODIFICATION OF LAYERED DOUBLE HYDROXIDES

The present invention relates to a process for modifying a layered double hydroxide (LDH), the process comprising, 1. A process for modifying a layered double hydroxide (LDH) , the process comprising , [{'br': None, 'sup': z+', 'y+', 'a+', 'n-, 'sub': 1-x', 'x', '2', 'a/r', '2, 'i': '*b', '[MM′(OH)](X)HO\u2003\u2003(a)'}, 'wherein M and M′ are metal cations, z=1 or 2; y=3 or 4, x is 0.1 to 1, b is 0 to 10, X is an anion, r is 1 to 3, n is the charge on the anion X and a=z(1−x)+xy−2;, 'a. providing a water-wet layered double hydroxide of formulab. maintaining the layered double hydroxide water-wet, andc. contacting the water-wet layered double hydroxide with at least one solvent, the solvent being miscible with water.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein contacting the water-wet layered double hydroxide with the solvent comprises dispersing the layered double hydroxide in the at least one solvent.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein M is Mg claim 1 , Zn claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , Ca or a mixture of two or more thereof.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein M′ is Al claim 1 , Ga claim 1 , Fe or a mixture of Al and Fe.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein z is 2 and M is Ca claim 1 , Mg claim 1 , or Zn.6. The process as claimed wherein M′ is Al.7. The process as claimed in wherein M is Zn claim 1 , Mg or Ca claim 1 , and M′ is Al.8. The process as claimed in wherein X is selected from halide claim 1 , inorganic oxyanions claim 1 , anionic surfactants claim 1 , anionic chromophores claim 1 , and/or anionic UV absorbers.9. The process as claimed in claim 8 , wherein inorganic oxyanion is carbonate claim 8 , bicarbonate claim 8 , hydrogenphosphate claim 8 , dihydrogenphosphate claim 8 , nitrite claim 8 , borate claim 8 , nitrate claim 8 , sulphate or phosphate or a mixture of two or more thereof.10. The process as claimed in wherein the at least one solvent is an organic solvent selected from acetone claim 1 , acetonitrile claim 1 , ...

Method for producing core shell nanoparticles

An electrode material which may be used in an electrochemical cell used to convert carbon dioxide into useful products, such as synthetic fuel. The electrode material may comprise nano-sized core-shell catalyst (i.e., core-shell nanoparticles, or CSNs) having a catalytic core component encompassed by one or more outer shells, wherein at least one of the outer shells has a mesoporous structure. Electrochemical cells, electrochemical cell electrodes, and methods of making CSNs are also provided.

CATALYTIC GAS PHASE FLUORINATION OF 1,1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE AND/OR 1,2-DICHLOROETHENE TO PRODUCE 1-CHLORO-2,2-DIFLUOROETHANE

The invention is directed to a catalyst for the gas phase fluorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or 1,2-dichloroethene with HF to give 1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane which catalyst is prepared by co-depositing FeCland MgClon chromia-alumina, or co-depositing Cr(NO)and Ni(NO)on active carbon, or by doping alumina with ZnCl, and to a process for the preparation of 1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane comprising a catalytic gas phase fluorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane and/or 1,2-dichloroethene wherein one of the catalysts according to claim 2 or 3 is used. 1. A catalyst for gas phase fluorination of 1 ,1 ,2-trichloroethane and 1 ,2-dichloroethene with HF to give 1-chloro-2 ,2-difluoroethane which is prepared by co-depositing FeCland MgClon chromia-alumina , or co-depositing Cr(NO)and Ni(NO)on active carbon , or by doping alumina with ZnCl.2. The catalyst according to which has been fluorinated by treating the catalyst with a fluorine containing activation agent at a temperature not exceeding 400° C.3. The fluorinated catalyst according to which has been fluorinated by HF as activation agent.4. A process for preparation of 1-chloro-2 claim 2 ,2-difluoroethane comprising a catalytic gas phase fluorination of 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2-trichloroethane comprising using a catalyst according to .5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the ratio of catalyst weight to and flow rates of 1 claim 4 ,1 claim 4 ,2-trichloroethane and HF is in a range of 100 to 300.6. A process for preparation of 1-chloro-2 claim 2 ,2-difluoroethane comprising a catalytic gas phase fluorination of 1 claim 2 ,2-dichloroethene comprising using a catalyst according to .7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the ratio of catalyst weight to flow rates of 1 claim 6 ,1 claim 6 ,2-trichloroethane and HF is in the range of 250 to 500.8. A process for preparation of 1-chloro-2 claim 2 ,2-difluoroethane comprising a catalytic gas phase fluorination of 1 claim 2 ,1 claim 2 ,2-trichloroethane and 1 claim 2 , ...

Synthesis of Cannabigerol

Multiple methods of synthesizing cannabigerol are presented. Combining olivetol with geraniol derivatives are provided. Cross-coupling methods of combing functionalized resorcinols are provided. Useful intermediates are formed during such cross-coupling steps. 8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the solvent is at least one of methyl tert-butyl ether (“MTBE”) claim 7 , acetonitrile claim 7 , toluene claim 7 , ethanol claim 7 , heptane claim 7 , hexane claim 7 , pentane claim 7 , acetone claim 7 , ethyl acetate claim 7 , butyl acetate claim 7 , isobutyl acetate claim 7 , t-butyl acetate claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , tetrahydrofuran claim 7 , 1 claim 7 ,4-dioxane claim 7 , chloroform claim 7 , or dichloromethane.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is pTSA.10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the acidic catalyst is one of CSA claim 7 , MsOH claim 7 , FeCl claim 7 , or AcCl.11. The method of claim 7 , wherein reacting the solution comprises reacting the solution at a temperature for a period of time between about 20 minutes and 24 hours.12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the temperature is between about 55° C. and 100° C. claim 11 , and the percent of conversion of olivetol to CBG is at least about 45%.13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the period of time is no greater than about 1.5 hours.14. The method of claim 7 , wherein the olivetol and the geraniol is added in a molar ratio of about 1:1.15. The method of claim 7 , further comprising:separating CBG from the reactant solution using at least one separation technique.16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the separation technique comprises a method having the steps of:neutralizing the reactant solution and adding a desiccant to form a neutralized solution;filtering the neutralized solution and evaporating the solvent to form a concentrated oil;adding lipophilic solvent to the concentrated oil to form a reactant oil; andprecipitating CBG.17. The method of claim ...

Catalysts For Making Acrylic Acid From Lactic Acid Or Its Derivatives In Liquid Phase

Catalysts for the dehydration of lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof to acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof in liquid phase comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid are provided.

Compositions and Methods for Synthesis of Phosphorylated Molecules

The invention provides compositions and methods for synthesis of phosphorylated organic compounds, including nucleoside triphosphates. 2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , alkynyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , cycloalkyl claim 1 , heteroaryl claim 1 , halogen claim 1 , —CN claim 1 , —OR claim 1 , and —N(R) claim 1 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 1 , alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , alkynyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , cycloalkyl claim 1 , heteroaryl claim 1 , and halogen.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 4 , alkenyl claim 4 , alkynyl claim 4 , aryl claim 4 , cycloalkyl claim 4 , heteroaryl claim 4 , halogen claim 4 , —CN claim 4 , —OR claim 4 , and —N(R) claim 4 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 4 , alkyl claim 4 , alkenyl claim 4 , alkynyl claim 4 , aryl claim 4 , cycloalkyl claim 4 , heteroaryl claim 4 , and halogen.9. The composition of claim 8 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of an aryl claim 8 , a heteroaryl claim 8 , an alkyl claim 8 , a cycloalkyl claim 8 , an alkenyl claim 8 , an alkynyl claim 8 , an alkyl-aryl claim 8 , and an aryl-alkyl; and wherein Ris optionally substituted.10. The composition of claim 9 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 9 , alkenyl claim 9 , alkynyl claim 9 , aryl claim 9 , cycloalkyl claim 9 , heteroaryl claim 9 , halogen claim 9 , —CN claim 9 , —OR claim 9 , and —N(R) claim 9 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 9 , alkyl claim 9 , alkenyl claim 9 , alkynyl claim 9 , aryl claim 9 , cycloalkyl claim 9 , heteroaryl claim 9 , and halogen.16. The compound of claim 15 , wherein q is 1.17. The compound of ...

Method for Preparing Anhydrosugar Alcohol Using Two-Step Hydrothermal Reaction

A method for producing anhydrosugar alcohol according to the present invention can increase the yield of anhydrosugar alcohol even in the absence of a catalyst or in the presence of a small amount of a transition metal salt catalyst by controlling the temperature of a high-temperature reaction, which converts sugar alcohol to anhydrosugar alcohol, in two steps, that is, a first low-temperature reaction step and a second high-temperature reaction step. 1. A method of preparing anhydrosugar alcohol in the absence of a catalyst , the method comprising subjecting an aqueous solution of sugar alcohol to a first reaction at a temperature of 240° C. to 285° C. followed by a second reaction at a temperature of 286° C. to 340° C.2. A method of preparing anhydrosugar alcohol in the presence of a transition metal salt catalyst , the method comprising subjecting an aqueous solution of sugar alcohol to a first reaction at a temperature of 240° C. to 285° C. followed by a second reaction at a temperature of 300° C. to 340° C.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the transmission metal salt is a zinc salt claim 2 , an iron salt claim 2 , a magnesium salt claim 2 , or a mixture thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first reaction is performed at a pressure of 35-75 bar claim 1 , and the second reaction is performed at a pressure of 76-150 bar.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a pressure is reduced to an atmospheric pressure after completion of the second reaction to remove water from a second reaction product.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein a reaction time of the first reaction is longer than a reaction time of the second reaction.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anhydrosugar alcohol is isosorbide claim 1 , and the sugar alcohol is sorbitol.8. The method of claim 1 , which is performed in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) claim 1 , a plug flow reactor (PFR) or a batch reactor (BR).9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a step of separating a product ...

Supported Catalyst, Preparation Method Therefor and Use Thereof, and Method for Preparation of Isobutylene from Halomethane

Provided are a supported catalyst, a preparation method therefor and use thereof, and a method for the preparation of isobutylene from halomethane. The catalyst is characterized in that it comprises a carrier and a metallic active component supported on the carrier, wherein the metallic active component comprises zinc oxide and zinc halide. On the basis of the total amount of the catalyst, by weight content, the content of zinc oxide is 0.5%-20%, the content of zinc halide is 10%-50%, and the content of the support is 40%-88%. Compared with the prior art, the catalyst of the present invention can convert halomethane into isobutylene with a high selectivity. With the reaction for preparing of isobutylene by converting bromomethane according to the method of the present invention, the conversion of bromomethane is not less than 90% and the selectivity of isobutylene is not less than 80%. 119-. (canceled)20. A supported catalyst comprising a support and a metallic active component supported on the support; the metallic active component contains zinc oxide and zinc halide , and the content of zinc oxide is 0.5 wt. %-20 wt. % , the content of zinc halide is 10 wt. %-50 wt. % , and the content of the support is 40 wt. %-88 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst.21. The supported catalyst according to claim 20 , wherein the content of zinc oxide is 1 wt. %-15 wt. % claim 20 , the content of zinc halide is 15 wt. %-40 wt. % claim 20 , and the content of the support is 50 wt. %-84 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst.22. The supported catalyst according to claim 21 , wherein the content of zinc oxide is 1 wt. %-9 wt. % claim 21 , the content of zinc halide is 18 wt. %-39 wt. % claim 21 , and the content of the support is 55 wt. %-80 wt. % based on the total weight of the catalyst.23. The supported catalyst according to claim 20 , wherein the zinc halide is selected from one or more of zinc fluoride claim 20 , zinc chloride claim 20 , zinc bromide and zinc ...

Compositions and Methods for Synthesis of Phosphorylated Molecules

The invention provides compositions and methods for synthesis of phosphorylated organic compounds, including nucleoside triphosphates. 2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , alkynyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , cycloalkyl claim 1 , heteroaryl claim 1 , halogen claim 1 , —CN claim 1 , —OR claim 1 , and —N(R) claim 1 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 1 , alkyl claim 1 , alkenyl claim 1 , alkynyl claim 1 , aryl claim 1 , cycloalkyl claim 1 , heteroaryl claim 1 , and halogen.5. The compound of claim 4 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 4 , alkenyl claim 4 , alkynyl claim 4 , aryl claim 4 , cycloalkyl claim 4 , heteroaryl claim 4 , halogen claim 4 , —CN claim 4 , —OR claim 4 , and —N(R) claim 4 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 4 , alkyl claim 4 , alkenyl claim 4 , alkynyl claim 4 , aryl claim 4 , cycloalkyl claim 4 , heteroaryl claim 4 , and halogen.8. (canceled)9. The compound of claim 4 , wherein Ris selected from the group consisting of an aryl claim 4 , a heteroaryl claim 4 , an alkyl claim 4 , a cycloalkyl claim 4 , an alkenyl claim 4 , an alkynyl claim 4 , an alkyl-aryl claim 4 , and an aryl-alkyl; and wherein Ris optionally substituted.10. The compound of claim 9 , wherein Ris substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 9 , alkenyl claim 9 , alkynyl claim 9 , aryl claim 9 , cycloalkyl claim 9 , heteroaryl claim 9 , halogen claim 9 , —CN claim 9 , —OR claim 9 , and —N(R) claim 9 , wherein each occurrence of Ris independently selected from the group consisting hydrogen claim 9 , alkyl claim 9 , alkenyl claim 9 , alkynyl claim 9 , aryl claim 9 , cycloalkyl claim 9 , heteroaryl claim 9 , and halogen.1415.-. (canceled)16. The composition compound of claim 13 , wherein ...

PYROLYSIS OF METHANE WITH A MOLTEN SALT BASED CATALYST SYSTEM

A catalyst system, which is active in pyrolyzing methane at reaction temperatures above 700° C., comprising a molten salt selected from the group consisting of the halides of alkali metals; the halides of alkaline earth metals; the halides of zinc, copper, manganese, cadmium, tin and iron; and mixtures thereof, the molten salt having dispersed therein one or more catalytically active forms of iron, molybdenum, manganese, nickel, cobalt, zinc, titanium, and copper in the form of finely divided elemental metals, metal oxides, metal carbides or mixtures thereof. 1. A catalyst system , which is active in pyrolyzing methane at reaction temperatures above 700° C. , comprising a molten salt selected from the group consisting of the halides of alkali metals; the halides of alkaline earth metals; the halides of zinc , copper , manganese , cadmium , tin and iron; and mixtures thereof , the molten salt having dispersed therein one or more catalytically active forms of iron , molybdenum , manganese , nickel , cobalt , zinc , titanium , and copper in the form of finely divided elemental metals , metal oxides , metal carbides or mixtures thereof.2. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the molten salt melts below 1000° C.3. The catalyst system of any of claim 1 , wherein the molten salt melts between about 600° and about 800° C.4. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the average size of the dispersed catalytically active metal-containing particles is less than or equal to about 0.5 mm.5. The catalyst system of claim 1 , wherein the concentration of catalytically active metal dispersed in the molten salt ranges from 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the total catalyst system.6. A process comprisingpassing methane through a reaction zone under reaction conditions to produce a gas stream comprising hydrogen and a solid carbon product;wherein the reaction zone comprises a catalyst system which is active in pyrolyzing methane at reaction temperatures above 700° C.; andwherein the ...

PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CHLORINE COMPRISING CATALYST, THE PREPARED CATALYST, AND ITS USE

The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst by (a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising titania and at least 5 weight percent cobalt; (b) impregnating the catalyst with a solution comprising chloride ions; and (c) heating the impregnated catalyst at a temperature in the range of between 100 and 500° C. for at least 5 minutes up to 2 days. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13-3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use. 1. A process for performing a Fischer-Tropsch reaction comprising the following steps:providing syngas to a reactor, said reactor comprising catalyst particles obtained by a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst, comprising the following steps:(a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising: at least 5 weight percent cobalt, calculated on the total weight of the catalyst', 'in the range of between to 0.1 to 15 weight percent promoter calculated on the total weight of the catalyst, whereby the promoter comprises manganese, rhenium, Group 8-10 noble metals, or mixtures thereof;', '(b) impregnating the catalyst with one or more solutions comprising chloride ions until the catalyst comprises 0.13-10 weight percent of the element chlorine, calculated on the total weight of the catalyst;', '(c) heating the impregnated catalyst at a temperature in the range of 100 to 500° C. for at least 5 minutes up to 2 days;, 'titania'}providing the following process conditions in the reactor: a temperature in the range from 125 to 350° C., a pressure in the range from 5 to 150 bar absolute, anda gaseous hourly space velocity in the range from 500 to 10000 Nl/l/h;removing Fischer-Tropsch product from the reactor.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is impregnated in step (b) until the catalyst comprises 0.13-6 claim 1 , weight percent of the element chlorine claim 1 , calculated on the total weight of the catalyst. ...

CATALYST PREPARED BY REACTIVE MILLING

A process for preparing a catalyst, including the reactive milling of a first reagent, which is a chromium oxide compound, with a second reagent, which is a compound of the formula MM′OF, M and M′ each being an element having an oxidation state greater than or equal to 0, z being from 0 to 1, x being from 0 to 3, y being from 0 to 6, and 2x+y being greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6. 1. A process for preparing a catalyst , comprising the reactive milling of a first reagent , which is a chromium oxide compound , with a second reagent , which is a compound of formula MM′OF , M and M′ each being an element having an oxidation state greater than or equal to 0 , z being from 0 to 1 , x being from 0 to 3 , y being from 0 to 6 , and 2x+y being greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises chromium having an oxidation state of between 3 and 5.3. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first reagent is chosen from CrO claim 1 , CrO claim 1 , CrOand combinations thereof.4. The process as claimed in claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , at the end of the reactive milling step claim 1 , a step of fluorination by bringing into contact with a fluorinating agent.5. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the elements M and M′ are chosen from chromium claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , antimony claim 1 , barium claim 1 , bismuth claim 1 , cadmium claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , copper claim 1 , tin claim 1 , europium claim 1 , iron claim 1 , gallium claim 1 , germanium claim 1 , indium claim 1 , lanthanum claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , niobium claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , lead claim 1 , praseodymium claim 1 , scandium claim 1 , strontium claim 1 , tantalum claim 1 , terbium claim 1 , thorium claim 1 , titanium claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , yttrium and zirconium.6. The ...

Methods Of Making Acrylic Acid From Lactic Acid Or Its Derivatives In Liquid Phase

Methods for making acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof by contacting a feed stream containing lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with a molten salt catalyst comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid in liquid phase are provided. 1. A method of making acrylic acid , acrylic acid derivatives , or mixtures thereof comprising contacting a feed stream comprising lactic acid , lactic acid derivatives , or mixtures thereof with a molten salt catalyst in a reactor at a temperature; wherein said molten salt catalyst comprises an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid; whereby acrylic acid , acrylic acid derivatives , or mixtures thereof are produced as a result of said contacting in said reactor; wherein said IL has a bromide (Br) anion and a phosphonium cation; and wherein said products of acrylic acid , acrylic acid derivatives , or mixtures thereof are removed in-situ via a reactive distillation at a vacuum.2. The method of wherein said lactic acid derivatives are selected from the group consisting of lactic acid with its carboxylic acid group protected claim 1 , lactic acid with its hydroxyl group replaced by a better leaving group claim 1 , lactic acid with both its carboxylic acid group protected and hydroxyl group replaced by a better leaving group claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of wherein said lactic acid derivatives are selected from the group consisting of lactide claim 2 , 2-acetoxypropionic acid (2-APA) claim 2 , ethyl 2-trifluoroacetoxypropionate (ETFP) claim 2 , and 2-bromopropionic acid (2-BrPA).4. The method of wherein said IL is [PBu]Br; and wherein said acid is selected from the group consisting of CaBr claim 1 , MgBr claim 1 , AlBr claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.5. The method of wherein said IL is [PBu]Br; and wherein said acid is 2-bromopropionic acid (2-BrPA).6. The method of wherein said acrylic acid claim 1 , acrylic acid derivatives claim 1 , or mixtures thereof are produced with a yield of at ...

METHOD FOR SYNTHESIS OF LACTIC ACID AND ITS DERIVATIVES AND CATALYST FOR PREPARING SAME

The present disclosure provides a catalyst for preparing lactic acid and derivatives thereof, comprising at least one of metallic compounds MX, wherein M is selected from Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Ga, In, Sn, Sb, Bi, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn, and n is an integer of 1 to 6. The present disclosure further provides a method for synthesis of lactic acid and derivatives thereof, wherein at least one raw material including carbohydrates, at least one alcohol, at least one of the aforesaid catalysts and at least one solvent are heated to react to prepare lactic acid and derivatives thereof.

CATALYSIS OF DEHYDROCOUPLING REACTIONS BETWEEN AMINES AND SILANES

A method for dehydrocoupling silanes and amines. The method comprises contacting: (a) an aliphatic amine; (b) a silane; and (c) a catalyst which is ZX, wherein X is alkyl, chloride, bromide, iodide, trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide, tosylate, methanesulfonate or OS(CF)XCFwherein x is an integer from 1 to 10. 1. A method for dehydrocoupling silanes and amines; said method comprising contacting: (a) an aliphatic amine; (b) a silane; and (c) a catalyst which is ZnX , wherein X is alkyl , chloride , bromide , iodide , trifluoromethanesulfonate , bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide , tosylate , methanesulfonate or OS(CF)CFwherein x is an integer from 1 to 10.2. The method of in which the aliphatic amine has only one hydrogen atom bonded to a nitrogen atom and has from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.3. The method of in which the silane has from 1 to 10 silicon atoms.4. The method of in which (a) claim 3 , (b) and (c) are heated at a temperature from 40 to 180° C.5. The method of in which the aliphatic amine has structure NRRH claim 4 , in which Rand Rindependently are C-Caliphatic organic substituents and Rand Rmay be interconnected to form a ring structure.6. A method for dehydrocoupling silanes and amines; said method comprising contacting: (a) an amine; (b) a perhydridosilane; and (c) a catalyst which is ZnX claim 4 , wherein X is alkyl claim 4 , chloride claim 4 , bromide claim 4 , iodide claim 4 , trifluoromethanesulfonate claim 4 , bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonamide claim 4 , tosylate claim 4 , methanesulfonate or OS(CF)CFwherein x is an integer from 1 to 10.7. The method of in which the perhydridosilanes has from 1 to 10 silicon atoms.8. The method of in which the amine has only one hydrogen atom bonded to a nitrogen atom and has from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.9. The method of in which (a) claim 8 , (b) and (c) are heated at a temperature from 40 to 180° C.10. A method for dehydrocoupling silanes and amines; said method comprising contacting: (a) an amine; ( ...

CATALYST AND PROCESS USING THE CATALYST

A new chromium-containing fluorination catalyst is described. The catalyst comprises an amount of zinc that promotes activity. The zinc is contained in aggregates which have a size across their largest dimension of up to 1 micron. The aggregates are distributed throughout at least the surface region of the catalyst and greater than 40 weight % of the aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±1 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in those aggregates. 1. A chromium-containing fluorination catalyst which consists essentially of (i) elemental zinc and/or one or more compounds of zinc and (ii) one or more chromium compounds selected from the group consisting of chromium oxides , chromium fluorides , fluorinated chromium oxides and chromium oxyfluorides wherein from 1.0 to 10.0% of the total weight of the catalyst is zinc contained in aggregates which have a size across their largest dimension of up to 1 micron and which are distributed throughout at least the surface region of the catalyst and wherein greater than 60 weight % of the zinc-containing aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±1 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in the zinc-containing aggregates.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein greater than 80 weight % of the zinc-containing aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±2 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in the zinc-containing aggregates.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein greater than 90 weight % of the zinc-containing aggregates contain a concentration of zinc that is within ±2 weight % of the modal concentration of zinc in the zinc-containing aggregates.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the zinc-containing aggregates have a size in the range of from 20 nm to 1 micron.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises one or more chromium (III) compounds selected from the group consisting of chromia claim 1 , chromium (III) fluoride claim 1 , fluorinated chromia ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF DOPO-DERIVED COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS THEREOF

This invention relates to a process for producing compounds derived from 9,10-Dihydro-9-Oxa-10-Phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide (DOPO). In particular, the invention relates to producing DOPO-derived compounds by reacting DOPO with diol compounds in the presence of a catalyst. This invention also relates to DOPO derived composition containing a high melting point diastereomer. The DOPO derived compounds may be useful as flame-retardants. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein n is 2 to 6 and R claim 1 , R claim 1 , Rand Rare hydrogen.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein both the solvent and the entrainer are present.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said catalyst is an alkyl_halide claim 1 , alkali halides claim 1 , alkaline earth metal halides claim 1 , transition metals and their halides or acid catalysts.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the reaction ranges from about 100° C. to about 250° C.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction takes place in a reactor claim 1 , the reaction produces water claim 1 , and wherein the water and the diol compound of Formula B are continuously recycled back to the reactor.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is an acid catalyst.9. The composition of claim 10 , wherein said acid catalyst is sulfuric acid claim 10 , aryl sulfonic acid claim 10 , alkyl sulfonic acid claim 10 , aralkyl sulfonic acid claim 10 , hydrochloric acid claim 10 , hydrobromic acid claim 10 , hydrofluoric acid claim 10 , oxalic acid claim 10 , perchloric acid claim 10 , trifluoromethane sulfonic acid claim 10 , fluorosulfonic acid claim 10 , nitric acid claim 10 , phosphoric acid claim 10 , phosphonic acids claim 10 , phosphinic acids aluminum chloride claim 10 , diethyl aluminum chloride claim 10 , triethylaluminum/hydrogen chloride claim 10 , ferric chloride claim 10 , zinc chloride claim 10 , antimony trichloride claim 10 , stannic chloride claim 10 , boron trifluoride claim 10 , acidic zeolites claim 10 , acidic clays claim ...

LOW-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION CATALYST

A catalyst for oxidizing a substance such as ethylene, carbon monoxide, or formaldehyde at high efficiency even at a low temperature of 100° C. or below, such as room temperature or below. Further, an oxidation catalyst of a low-temperature substance in which a noble metal and a metal halogen salt other than that of a noble metal are supported on a metal oxide carrier. 1. A low temperature oxidation catalyst comprisinga metal oxide carrier, anda noble metal and a halide of a metal other than noble metals, wherein said noble metal and said halide is supported on the carrier.2. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the halogen comprises chlorine.3. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the loading amount of the halide of the metal other than noble metals is 0.01% by weight or more based on the content of a halogen element in the halide claim 1 , relative to the total weight of the carrier and the noble metal.4. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 3 , wherein the loading amount of the halide of the metal other than noble metals is 0.02% by weight or more based on the content of the halogen element in the halide claim 3 , relative to the total weight of the carrier and the noble metal.5. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the halide of the metal other than noble metals is a compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halides claim 1 , alkaline earth metal halides claim 1 , transition metal halides and halides of Group XIII elements except boron.6. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the metal in the halide of the metal other than noble metals is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of calcium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , iron and aluminum.7. The low temperature oxidation catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein the noble metal is at least one element selected from the group ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LOW-TEMPERATURE OXIDATION CATALYST

A method for manufacturing a catalyst that oxidatively decomposes ethylene, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, etc., at high efficiency even at low temperatures, wherein discharge of harmful gases such as halogens during the manufacture is reduced. Further, a method for manufacturing a low-temperature oxidation catalyst including: (1) a step for causing a non-halogen-containing noble metal compound to be supported on a carrier; (2) a step for reducing the noble metal compound on the carrier obtained in step (1); (3) a step for causing a halide to be supported on the carrier obtained in step (2); and (4) a step for drying the carrier obtained in step (3) and obtaining a low-temperature oxidation catalyst. 1. A method for producing a low temperature oxidation catalyst , comprising steps of:(1) loading a noble metal compound not containing a halogen onto a carrier;(2) reducing the noble metal compound on the carrier obtained in step (1);(3) loading a halide onto the carrier obtained in step (2); and(4) drying the carrier obtained in step (3) to obtain the low temperature oxidation catalyst.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in step (1) claim 1 , the noble metal compound not containing halogen is loaded onto the carrier by impregnating the carrier with a solution of the noble metal compound not containing halogen and then drying the resulting carrier.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in step (3) claim 1 , the halide is loaded onto the carrier obtained in step (2) claim 1 , by treating said carrier with a solution of the halide.4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein claim 3 , in step (3) claim 3 , the halide is loaded onto the carrier obtained in step (2) claim 3 , by spray-coating said carrier with the solution of the halide.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the noble metal is at least one element selected from the group consisting of platinum claim 1 , gold claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , rhodium ...

Process for the preparation of 2, 3, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropene

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, comprising the following two reaction steps: a. a compound having the formula CF 3-x Cl x CF 2-y Cl y CH 2 Cl undergoes gas-phase fluorination with hydrogen fluoride through n serially-connected reaction vessels in the presence of a compound catalyst producing 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane, 1,2,3-trichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane, and 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane; in said formula, x=1, 2, 3, y=1, 2, and 3≦x+y≦5; b. the 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane, 1,2,3-trichloro-1,1,2-trifluoropropane, and 1,3-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane undergo gas-phase dehalogenation with hydrogen in the presence of a dehalogenation catalyst, producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 3-chloro-2,3,3-trifluoropropene, then separation and refining are performed, producing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. The present invention is primarily used to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene.

METHODS, COMPOSITIONS, AND KITS USING HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS

Described herein are methods, compositions and kits utilizing heterogeneous metal catalysts for the preparation of cycloaddition compounds, such as triazoles and biomolecules. 1. A method for preparing a cycloaddition compound from a reaction catalyzed by a heterogeneous copper catalyst , comprising(a) mixing an alkyne component and an azide component in an appropriate solvent to form a solution;(b) transferring the solution containing the alkyne component and the azide component to a column with a matrix barrier at the bottom of the column; wherein the column comprises a matrix of a copper (II) precatalyst and a reducing agent; wherein a copper (I) catalyst is generated from the reduction of the copper (II) precatalyst with the reducing agent; and(c) passing the solution containing the alkyne component and the azide component through the column; wherein upon contact with the copper (I) catalyst within the matrix, the alkyne component and the azide component react to form the cycloaddition compound.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkyne component comprises a small molecule claim 1 , a protein claim 1 , a peptide claim 1 , an amino acid claim 1 , an oligonucleotide claim 1 , a nucleotide claim 1 , a nucleoside claim 1 , a carbohydrate claim 1 , or a fluorophore.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the azide component comprises a small molecule claim 1 , a protein claim 1 , a peptide claim 1 , an amino acid claim 1 , an oligonucleotide claim 1 , a nucleotide claim 1 , a nucleoside claim 1 , a carbohydrate claim 1 , or a fluorophore.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alkyne component and/or the azide component contains cells and/or cell lysates.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copper (II) precatalyst further comprises a ligand.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing agent is zinc amalgam.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the matrix further comprises an ion-exchange resin.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises passing the ...

Synthesis of Magnesium Dichloride Support For The AST Off-Line ZN Catalyst With a Plug Flow Reactor (PFR)

The various embodiments of the invention provide, a magnesium dichloride support and the magnesium titanium polymerization procatalyst made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same. 127-. (canceled)28. A method of making MgClcomprising{'sub': 2', '5-12', '2-8, 'combining MgRand reactive organic chloride or HCl and a solvent chosen from Calkanes in a PFR reactor, wherein each R is independently chosen from Calkyl radicals; and'}{'sub': '2', 'operating the reactor at conditions sufficient to create a disordered form of MgCl.'}29. The method of wherein the disordered form of MgClis characterized by having a peak in the GADDS spectrum at 15 2theta with a FWHM that is at least 10% greater than the FWHM of the peak at 15 2theta for MgClprepared in a STR.30. The method of wherein the disordered form of MgClis characterized by having a peak in the GADDS spectrum at 15 2theta with a FWHM that is at least 20% greater than the FWHM of the peak at 15 2theta for MgClprepared in a STR.31. The method of wherein the mole ratio of added Cl from the organic chloride or HCl and Mg from the MgRis from about 2.0 to about 3.0.32. The method of wherein the reactive organic chloride is tertiary-butylchloride (BuCl).33. The method of wherein RMg is chosen from butylethyl magnesium (BEM) claim 28 , dibutyl magnesium claim 28 , and butyloctyl magnesium (BOM).34. The method of wherein the solvent is selected from selected from Calkanes.35. The method of wherein the solvent is isohexane claim 28 , cyclohexane claim 28 , or decane.36. The method of wherein the Cl/Mg mole ratio is from about 2.15 to about 2.5.37. The method of wherein a STR is used in combination with the PFR.38. The method of wherein the PFR feeds into the STR.39. A method for making a Ziegler Natta catalyst comprising{'sub': 2', '5-12', '2-8, 'combining MgRand reactive organic chloride or HCl and a solvent chosen from Calkanes in a PFR reactor, wherein each R is independently chosen from Calkyl radicals;'}{'sub': '2 ...

LIVING RADICAL POLYMERIZATION CATALYST, AND POLYMER PRODUCTION METHOD USING SAME

An object of the present invention is to provide a living radical polymerization catalyst that is excellent in terms of safety and cost, and is applicable to various vinyl monomers, and to provide a method for producing a polymer using this living radical polymerization catalyst. The living radical polymerization catalyst contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halide compounds and alkaline earth metal halide compounds. 1. A living radical polymerization catalyst consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal halide compounds and alkaline earth metal halide compounds.2. The living radical polymerization catalyst according to claim 1 , consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal iodide compounds and alkaline earth metal iodide compounds.3. The living radical polymerization catalyst according to claim 1 , consisting of at least one member selected from the group consisting of sodium iodide and potassium iodide.4. A method for producing a polymer by living radical polymerization of one or more radically polymerizable monomers claim 1 , {'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a step of performing living radical polymerization using the living radical polymerization catalyst of .'}, 'the method comprising5. The production method according to claim 4 , wherein the catalyst is used in an amount of 0.000125 to 1 mol claim 4 , per mole of the one or more radically polymerizable monomers.6. The method for producing a polymer according to claim 4 , wherein the living radical polymerization reaction is further performed by adding a polyether compound.7. The production method according to claim 6 , wherein the polyether compound is used in an amount of 1 mol or more claim 6 , per mole of the living radical polymerization catalyst claim 6 , and 10000 parts by weight or less claim 6 , per 100 parts by weight of the one or more radically polymerizable ...

Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield

One exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure can be a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a reforming catalyst for the catalytic reforming of gasoline-range hydrocarbons that results in increased aromatics production. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, one or more alkaline earth metals, and a support.

Production of unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid esters with a haloapatite-based catalyst

The present invention relates to the use of haloapatites as catalysts of the dehydration reaction of α-hydroxylated carboxylic acids or acid esters, in particular of lactic acid or of methyl lactate, and also to a process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid esters, in particular acrylic acid or methyl acrylate, in the gas phase in a stainless steel reactor, in the presence of such a catalyst.

ACTIVATION AND REGENERATION OF FLUORINATION CATALYSTS

A fluorination catalyst such as a chromium oxide-based fluorination catalyst may be activated or reactivated by contacting the catalyst. with a source of reactive fluorine, for example nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) or fluorine (F2). Fluorinated compounds may be prepared by the gas phase reaction of hydrogen fluoride (HF) with various substrates such as chlorinated compounds. A number of metal oxide-based catalysts have been developed for this purpose. 1. A method of reactivating a spent or depleted fluorination catalyst , comprising contacting the spent or depleted fluorination catalyst with an agent that is a source of reactive fluorine.23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of NF claim 1 , F claim 1 , interhalogens claim 1 , hypoiluorites claim 1 , fluorinated peroxides claim 1 , OF claim 1 , OF claim 1 , NF claim 1 , NF claim 1 , SF claim 1 , SOF claim 1 , SOF claim 1 , XeF claim 1 , XeF claim 1 , XeF claim 1 , KrF claim 1 , FNO claim 1 , FNO claim 1 , FClO claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the agent is selected from the group consisting of NFand F.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorination catalyst is a bulk (unsupported) or supported metal oxide-based fluorination catalyst.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorination catalyst is a bulk (unsupported) or supported chromium oxide-based fluorination catalyst.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fluorination catalyst has been used to catalyze the fluorination of a chloroolefin or chloroalkane using HF.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting is carried in a gas phase at a temperature of about 100° C. to about 500° C.8. A fluorination process claim 1 , alternately comprising reaction stages and regeneration stages claim 1 , wherein the reaction stages comprise reacting a compound with HF in gas phase in the presence of a fluorination catalyst to produce a fluorinated compound and the regeneration stages comprise ...

A method of catalyst transitions in olefin polymerizations

A method for transitioning between two different catalysts during a continuous olefin polymerizations, more specifically in the production of polypropylene homo- or copolymers in a continuous slurry/gas phase polymerization reaction with a prior pre-polymerization reaction, said method comprises the steps of: a) discontinuing the feed of the first catalyst into the pre-polymerization reactor and then b) introducing the second catalyst into the prepolymerization reactor, c) adapting the reaction conditions in the prepolymerization reactor, the slurry reactor as well as in the subsequent gas phase reactor, wherein the transition is performed between a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and an self-supported, solid metallocene catalyst, prepared by using an emulsion/solidification technology or vice versa and, whereby the transition is performed in the absence of any additional agent which deactivates or kills the catalyst.

A method of catalyst transitions in olefin polymerizations

A method for transitioning between two different catalysts during a continuous olefin polymerizations, more specifically in the production of polypropylene homo- or copolymers in a continuous slurry/gas phase polymerization reaction with a prior pre-polymerization reaction, said method comprises the steps of: a) discontinuing the feed of the first catalyst into the pre-polymerization reactor and then b) introducing the second catalyst into the prepolymerization reactor, c) adapting the reaction conditions in the prepolymerization reactor, the slurry reactor as well as in the subsequent gas phase reactor, wherein the transition is performed between a Ziegler-Natta catalyst and an self-supported, solid metallocene catalyst, prepared by using an emulsion/solidification technology or vice versa and, whereby the transition is performed in the absence of any additional agent which deactivates or kills the catalyst.

Radiation energy activation type photo catalyst composite

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

Two atom bridged dicarbonate compounds as internal donors in catalysts for polypropylene manufacture

A solid, hydrocarbon-insoluble, catalyst component useful in polymerizing olefins, said catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium, and halogen, and further containing an internal electron donor having a structure: [R 1 —O—C(O)—O—] x R 2 wherein R 1 is independently at each occurrence, an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, or substituted hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; x is 2-4; and R 2 is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, or substituted hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that there are 2 atoms in the shortest chain connecting a first R 1 —O—C(O)—O— group and a second R 1 —O—C(O)—O— group.

Two atom bridged dicarbonate compounds as internal donors in catalysts for polypropylene manufacture

A solid, hydrocarbon-insoluble, catalyst component useful in polymerizing olefins, said catalyst component containing magnesium, titanium, and halogen, and further containing an internal electron donor having a structure: [R 1 -O-C(O)-O-] x R 2 wherein R 1 is independently at each occurrence, an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, or substituted hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; x is 2-4; and R 2 is an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon, or substituted hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, provided that there are 2 atoms in the shortest chain connecting a first R 1 O C(O)-O- group and a second R 1 -O-C(O)-O- group.

一种卤化镁/醇加合物及其制备方法和应用

本发明提供了一种卤化镁/醇加合物颗粒的制备方法及其卤化镁/醇加合物颗粒，该方法包括：在惰性液体介质中，制备卤化镁/醇加合物熔融体，在超重力场下高速旋转分散卤化镁/醇加合物熔体得到熔融分散体，经过冷却、洗涤和干燥后得到所述的球形卤化镁/醇加合物颗粒。

Process for the preparation of a spherical support comprising a Mg dihalide

A process for preparing spherical support particles used in the preparation of catalytic components for the polymerization of olefins by (a) forming an emulsion of an adduct of a Mg dihalide and a Lewis base compound in a liquid medium, and (b) cooling the emulsion by transferring it into a cooling bath containing a cooling liquid in motion wherein the cooling liquid is moving inside a tubular zone and the ratio V e /V ref of the velocity (V e ) of the emulsion coming from step (a) to the velocity of the cooling liquid (V ref ) of step (b) is between 0.25 and 4. The resulting spherical support particles have a very narrow size distribution and particularly regular morphology.

Synthesis of magnesium dichloride support for the ast off-line zn catalyst with a plug flow reactor (pfr)

The various embodiments of the invention provide, a magnesium dichloride support and the magnesium titanium polymerization procatalyst made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same.

Synthesis of magnesium dichloride support for the AST off-line ZN catalyst with a plug flow reactor (PFR)

The various embodiments of the invention provide, a magnesium dichloride support and the magnesium titanium polymerization procatalyst made therefrom, and methods for making and using the same.

Catalyst for use in the alkylation of isoalkanes

A catalyst useful for the alkylation of isoalkanes is disclosed along with a process therefor the same. The catalyst comprises a reaction product resulting from mutual contact of a zirconium halide and a magnesium halide and/or a magnesium oxyhalide. The process for the alkylation of isoalkanes with alkenes is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising a reaction product resulting from mutual contact of a zirconium halide and a magnesium halide and/or a magnesium oxyhalide at a temperature of room temperature--150° C. and a pressure of atmospheric--5 MPa.

Particules de chlorure de magnesium a structure tronc conique, composante catalytique supportee sur ces particules, polyolefines obtenues a partir de cette composante catalytique, procedes de fabrication de ces produits.

Emulsion process for improved large spherical polypropylene catalysts

Disclosed are spherical magnesium-based catalyst supports and methods of using the same in a Ziegler-Natta catalyst system for the polymerization of an olefin. The spherical magnesium-based catalyst supports are made by reacting a magnesium halide, a haloalkylepoxide, and a phosphate acid ester in an organic solvent that does not have to contain substantial amounts of toluene.

Catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons

One embodiment is a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, a lanthanide-series metal, and a support. Generally, an average bulk density of the catalyst is about 0.300 to about 1.00 gram per cubic centimeter. The catalyst has a platinum content of less than about 0.375 wt %, a tin content of about 0.1 to about 2 wt %, a potassium content of about 100 to about 600 wppm, and a cerium content of about 0.1 to about 1 wt %. The lanthanide-series metal can be distributed at a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal in a 100 micron surface layer of the catalyst less than two times a concentration of the lanthanide-series metal at a central core of the catalyst.

Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield

One exemplary embodiment can be a catalyst for catalytic reforming of naphtha. The catalyst can have a noble metal including one or more of platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, and iridium, at least two alkali metals or at least two alkaline earth metals, or mixtures of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and a support.

A MAGNESIUM / ALCOHOL DICHLORIDE ADDIC, CATALYST COMPONENTS FOR THE OFFERING POLYMERIZATION OBTAINED FROM SUCH A PRODUCT, A PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF MAGNESIUM / ALCOHOL DICLORIDE AND A PROCEDURE FOR OIL POLYMERIUM

Aductos de MgCl2-mROH-nH2O, donde R es un alquilo C1-C10 2</= m </= 4,2, 0 </= n </= 0,7, que se distinguen por un espectro de difraccion de rayos Xdonde, en el rango de los ángulos de difraccion 2tetha comprendido entre 5* y 15*, las tresprincip ales líneas de difraccion están presentes en los ángulosde difraccion 2 tetha de 8,8 +/- 0,2*, 9,4 +/- 0,2* y 9,8 +/- 0,2*, siendo la línea de difraccion de máxima intensidad la que se encuentra a 2 tetha =8,8 +/- 0,2*, siendo laintensidad de l as otras dos líneas de difraccion por lo menos 0,2 veces la intensidad de la línea de difraccion de máximaintensidad. Los componentes de catalizadores obtenidos de estos aductos son capaces de proporcionar catalizadores parala polimerizacion de olefinas, queposeen una actividad y estereoespecifidad potenciadas con respecto a los catalizadores preparados a partir de los aductos del arte previo. Unprocedimiento para la preparacion de aductos de dicloruro demagnesio/alcohol y un pro cedimiento para la polimerizacion de olefinas. MgCl2-mROH-nH2O adducts, where R is a C1-C10 alkyl 2 </ = m </ = 4.2, 0 </ = n </ = 0.7, which are distinguished by a ray diffraction spectrum X where, in the range of diffraction angles 2tetha between 5 * and 15 *, the three main lines of diffraction are present at diffraction angles 2 tetha of 8.8 +/- 0.2 *, 9.4 + / - 0.2 * and 9.8 +/- 0.2 *, being the line of maximum intensity diffraction the one found at 2 tetha = 8.8 +/- 0.2 *, being the intensity of the other two diffraction lines at least 0.2 times the intensity of the maximum intensity diffraction line. The catalyst components obtained from these adducts are capable of providing catalysts for the polymerization of olefins, which possess enhanced activity and stereospecificity with respect to the catalysts prepared from the adducts of the prior art. A procedure for the preparation of demagnesium dichloride / alcohol adducts and a procedure for the polymerization of olefins.

MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE PARTICLES WITH POLYHEDRAL STRUCTURE, CATALYTIC COMPONENT SUPPORTED ON THESE PARTICLES, METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THESE PRODUCTS AND POLYOLEFINS OBTAINED FROM THIS CATALYTIC COMPONENT.

Catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins

Prepolymerized catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins CH2═CHR in which R is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl radical with 1-12 carbon atoms, having average particle size equal to or lower than 30 μm comprising a solid catalyst component comprising magnesium halide, a titanium compound having at least a Ti-halogen bond and at least two electron donor compounds one of which being selected from 1,3-diethers and the other one being selected from esters of aromatic mono or dicarboxylic acids, said solid catalyst component being prepolymerized with an olefin, having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms, to such an extent that the amount of the olefin prepolymer is equal to or lower than 50 g per g of solid catalyst component.

MAGNESIUM / ALCOHOL DICHLORIDE ADUCTS, PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION AND CATALYST COMPONENTS OBTAINED FROM THESE.

LA PRESENTE INVENCION SE REFIERE A ADUCTOS MGCL 2 .MROH.NH 2 O, EN DONDE R ES UN ALQUILO C 1 - C 10 , 2=M=4,2, 0=N=0,7, CARACTERIZADO POR UN ESPECTRO DE DIFRACCION DE RAYOS X EN EL CUAL, EN EL RANGO DE ANGULOS DE DIFRACCION 2 ZE ENTRE 5° Y 15°, LAS TRES PRINCIPALES LINEAS DE DIFRACCION SE ENCUENTRAN PRESENTES EN ANGULOS DE DIFRACCION 2 ZE DE 8,8 (MAS MENOS) 0,2°, 9,4 (MAS MENOS) 0,2° Y 9,8 (MAS MENOS) 0,2°, SIENDO LA LINEA MAS INTENSA DE DIFRACCION LA QUE SE ENCUENTRA EN 2 ZE =8,8 (MAS MENOS) 0,2°, Y SIENDO LA INTENSIDAD DE LAS OTRAS DOS LINEAS DE DIFRACCION AL MENOS 0,2 VECES LA INTENSIDAD DE LA LINEA DE DIFRACCION MAS INTENSA. LOS COMPONENTES CATALIZADORES OBTENIDOS A PARTIR DE LOS ADUCTOS DE LA PRESENTE INVENCION SON CAPACES DE PROPORCIONAR CATALIZADORES PARA LA POLIMERIZACION DE OLEFINAS, CARACTERIZADOS POR UNA MAYOR ACTIVIDAD Y ESTEREOESPECIFICIDAD CON RELACION A LOS CATALIZADORES PREPARADOS CON LOS ADUCTOS DE LA TECNICA ANTERIOR. THE PRESENT INVENTION REFERS TO MGCL 2 .MROH.NH 2 OR ADUCTS, WHERE R IS A C 1 - C 10 RENT, 2 = M = 4.2, 0 = N = 0.7, CHARACTERIZED BY A DIFRACTION SPECTRUM OF X-RAYS IN WHICH, IN THE RANGE OF DIFRACTION ANGULES 2 ZE BETWEEN 5 AND 15, THE THREE MAIN DIFFACTION LINES ARE FOUND PRESENT IN DIFRACTION ANGULES 2 ZE OF 8.8 (LESS) 0.2 ° , 9.4 (LESS) 0.2 ° AND 9.8 (LESS) 0.2 °, WHICH IS THE MOST INTENSE DIFFACTION LINE THAT IS IN 2 ZE = 8.8 (LESS) 0.2 °, AND BEING THE INTENSITY OF THE OTHER TWO DIFFACTION LINES AT LEAST 0.2 TIMES THE INTENSITY OF THE INTENSE DIFRACTION LINE. THE CATALYZING COMPONENTS OBTAINED FROM THE ADUCTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION ARE ABLE TO PROVIDE CATALYZERS FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINS, CHARACTERIZED BY A GREATER ACTIVITY AND STEREO SPECIFICITY REGARDING THE CATALYZERS PREPARED BY THOSE PREPARED.

Magnesium dichloride-alcohol adducts, process for their preparation and catalyst components obtained therefrom

The present invention relates to MgCl 2 .mROH.nH 2 O adducts, where R is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, 2≦m≦4.2, and 0≦n≦0.7, characterized by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profile in which no peaks are present at temperatures below 90° C. or, if peaks are present below said temperature, the fusion enthalpy associated with said peaks is less than 30% of the total fusion enthalpy. Catalyst components obtained from the adducts of the present invention are capable to give catalysts for the polymerization of olefins characterized by enhanced activity and stereospecificity with respect to the catalysts prepared from the adducts of the prior art.

Magnesium dichloride-alcohol adducts process for their preparation and catalyst components obtained therefrom

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of MgCl 2 .pROH.qH 2 O adducts, where R is a C 1 -C 10 alkyl, 1≦p≦6, and 0≦q≦1, comprising the steps of (a) dispersing magnesium dichloride in an inert liquid, (b)adding the alcohol in vapour phase and maintaining the temperature at values allowing the adduct to be melted, (c)emulsifying the molten adduct in a liquid medium immiscible with and chemically inert to said adduct and, (d) contacting the adduct with an inert cooling liquid.

Catalyst Components for the Polymerization of Olefins and Catalysts Therefrom Obtained

A catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins comprising Mg, Ti and Cl obtained by a process comprising the following steps: a) reacting a precursor of formula MgCl 2 .mEtOH, wherein m≦1.5 having a porosity due to pores with radius up to 1μ of higher than 0.4 cm 3 /g with an alcohol of formula R I OH where R I is an alkyl different from ethyl, a cycloalkyl or aryl radical having 3-20 carbon atoms said R I OH being reacted with the said precursor using molar ratio R I OH/Mg ranging from 0.01 to 10; and b) reacting the product obtained in (a) with TiCl 4 using Ti/Mg molar ratio ranging from 0.01 to 15.

Controlled morphology high activity polyolefin catalyst system

A high activity polyolefin catalyst system comprising titanium containing pro- catalyst component, a co-catalyst component and an external electron donor compound is provided wherein the high activity polyolefin catalyst system is having controlled morphology and less fines. The present invention is more directed to provide a method for the preparation of titanium containing pro- catalyst component from solid spherical shaped magnesium containing pro- catalyst precursor wherein the spherical morphology of the pro-catalyst precursor is maintained through out the reaction in order to achieve titanium-containing pro- catalyst having controlled morphology. The polymerization of lower olefins in the presence of high activity polyolefin catalyst having controlled morphology provides polyolefins with minimal polymer fines.

Precursors and catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins

A Ziegler-Natta catalyst component precursor made from or containing a mechanical mixture of (a) distinct particles of adducts of formula MgCl 2 (R 1 OH) n where R is a C 1 -C 8 alkyl group and n is from 0.2 to 6 having average particle size (P50a) ranging from 5 to 100 μm; and (b) from 0.2 to 5.0% by weight of distinct particles of a solid compound containing more than 50% by weight of Sift units and having average particle size (P50b), wherein the ratio P50b/P50a ranges from 0.4 to 1.5.

Preparation of a magnesium halide support for olefin polymerization and a catalyst composition using the same

A magnesium halide support material for a polyolefin catalysts is disclosed. The magnesium halide of present invention is prepared by reacting magnesium with an alkylhalide in a non-polar hydrocarbon solvent. Preparation of the support does not require the use electron donating solvents and therefore does not require extensive washing to remove the solvent from the support.

Catalyst components and catalysts for olefin polymerization

Supported lewis acid catalysts for hydrocarbon conversion reactions

A supported Lewis acid catalyst system for catalyzing hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed, wherein the catalyst system comprises an inorganic oxide support having immobilized thereon at least one relatively strong Lewis acid and at least one relatively weak Lewis acid.

Molar ratio modifications to larger polyolefin catalysts

Disclosed are catalyst systems and methods of making the catalyst systems/supports for the polymerization of an olefin containing a solid titanium catalyst component having a substantially spherical shape and containing an internal electron donor, a support made by contacting substantially equal molar amounts of a magnesium compound and an epoxy compound in the presence of an aprotic solvent and subsequent treatment with a halogenating agent to provide a magnesium based catalyst support. The catalyst system can further contain an organoaluminum compound and an organosilicon compound. Also disclosed are methods of polymerizing or copolymerizing an alpha-olefin. The methods involve contacting an olefin with a catalyst system containing the solid titanium catalyst component.

SUPPORT BASED ON SILICA AND MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF, CATALYSTS OBTAINED FROM THIS SUPPORT.

Supported lewis acid catalysts for hydrocarbon conversion reactions

用于α-烯烃的(共)聚合的固体催化剂和用于其制备的工艺

提供了具有提高的生产率的、用于乙烯和α‑烯烃的(共)聚合的改进的固体齐格勒‑纳塔型催化剂，所述(共)聚合特别地是在高温工艺中，比如例如绝热溶液工艺和高压绝热工艺。所述催化剂是借助于原始工艺获得的，原始工艺包括将钛、镁和任选的选自铪和锆的金属的化合物溶解在烃中，并且在两个连续的步骤中将它们再沉淀，其中第一步是氯化且第二步是还原。

Supported lewis acid catalysts for hydrocarbon conversion reactions

A supported Lewis acid catalyst system effective for hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions and comprising at least one Lewis acid immobilized on an anhydrous dihalide of Cd, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn or Mg is disclosed.

Solid catalyst for the (co)polymerisation of α-olefins and process for the preparation thereof

An improved solid Ziegler-Natta type catalyst for the (co)polymerisation of ethylene and α-olefins, particularly in high-temperature processes, such as for example adiabatic solution processes and high-pressure adiabatic processes with elevated productivity, is provided. Said catalyst is obtained by means of an original process comprising dissolving in hydrocarbons, compounds of titanium, magnesium and optionally a metal selected from hafnium and zirconium, and reprecipitating them in two steps in succession, the first of which is chlorination and the second reduction.