СПОСОБ И КАТАЛИЗАТОР ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДИАЛКИЛКАРБОНАТОВ

Изобретение относится к способу получения диалкилкарбонатов, содержащему стадии (а) подачи мочевины и первичного спирта в зону реакции; (b) подачи каталитического комплекса - оловоорганическое соединение, высококипящий растворитель, содержащий электронодонорный атом, - в указанную зону реакции; (с) одновременно в указанной зоне реакции (i) взаимодействия части первичного спирта и мочевины в присутствии указанного оловоорганического соединения и указанного высококипящего растворителя, содержащего электронодонорный атом, до получения диалкилкарбоната, и (ii) удаления диалкилкарбоната и аммиака из указанной зоны реакции в виде пара, и относится также к гомогенному катализатору, применимому для взаимодействия мочевины и первичных спиртов для получения диалкилкарбонатов, содержащему комплекс оловоорганического соединения с бидентатным лигандом, который образует бидентатные 1:1 и/или монодентатные 1:2 аддукты с R'2SnX2, где Х обозначает Cl, R'O, R'COO или R'COS; R'3SnX, R'2SnO, Ph3-nR'SnXn или ...

КАТАЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ДЛЯ ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ НЕНАСЫЩЕННЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ И СПОСОБ ГИДРИРОВАНИЯ ДИЕНОВЫХ (СО)ПОЛИМЕРОВ

Изобретение относится к каталитической композиции, которая может быть использована для гидрирования ненасыщенных соединений, содержащих олефиновые двойные связи, в частности для селективного гидрирования полимеров и сополимеров сопряженных диенов. Описана каталитическая композиция, полученная взаимодействием между: А) по меньшей мере, одним циклопентадиениловым комплексом переходного металла, имеющим общую формулу (I): (R)(R1)M1(R2)(R3 ), где R - анион, содержащий η5-циклопентадиениловый цикл, координированный с М1; М1 выбран из группы, включающей титан, цирконий и гафний; R2 и R3 являются одинаковыми или разными и представляют галогенид; R1 выбран из циклопентадиенила и R2; и В) алкилирующей композицией; состоящей из: (b1) металлоорганического соединения, имеющего общую формулу (II) М2(R4)(R5), где М2 представляет собой Mg; и R4 - алифатический С1-С20-радикал, R5 - галоген или равен R4, (b2) органического соединения алюминия, имеющего общую формулу (III) Al(R6)3, где R6 представляет собой ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ НИТРИЛЬНЫЕ ГРУППЫ

... 1. Способ получения соединений, содержащих по меньшей мере одну нитрильную группу, путем гидроцианирования органического соединения, содержащего по меньшей мере одну ненасыщенную несопряженную связь, содержащего от 2 до 20 атомов углерода, путем взаимодействия с цианидом водорода в присутствии каталитической системы, содержащей никелевый комплекс с нулевой степенью окисления, по меньшей мере с одним фосфорорганическим лигандом, выбранным из группы, содержащей органофосфиты, органофосфониты, органофосфиниты и органофосфины, и сокатализатор, отличающийся тем, что сокатализатор представляет собой металлоорганическое соединение следующей общей формулы I:[(R)-(X)-]M-M[-(X)-(R)],в которой М, M, одинаковые или разные, обозначают элемент, выбранный из группы, содержащей следующие элементы: В, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Mo, Ni, Fe, W, Cr,R, R, одинаковые или разные, обозначают алифатический радикал или радикал, содержащий ароматический или циклоалифатический цикл, замещенный или незамещенный, с мостиковой ...

СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СЛОЖНЫХ ЭФИРОВ КАРБОНОВЫХ КИСЛОТ В ПРИСУТСТВИИ ИОННОЙ ЖИДКОСТИ И КИСЛОТНОГО КАТАЛИЗАТОРА ЭТЕРИФИКАЦИИ И ИХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ПЛАСТИФИКАТОРА

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dimeren des Bicyclo-[2, 2, 1]-heptadiens-(2, 5)

PROCESS FOR OLEFIN METATHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF A COMPLEX TUNGSTEN CATALYST

Organo-Zinn-Katalysatoren für die Verwendung in Polyurethansystemen.

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON KALIUMHYDRID

EPOXYDATION

AGGREGATTRÄGER UND DARAUF ANGEBRACHTE OLEFINPOLYMERISATIONSKATALYSATOREN

TRIS -BICYCLOHEPTYL- CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS AND USE AS POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS

... 1358611 Tris-(bicycloheptyl) chromium compounds HERCULES Inc 2 Feb 1972 [2 Feb 1971] 4934/72 Heading C2J [Also in Division C3] Organochromium compounds of general formula Y 3 CR where Y is where two of the R radicals are CH 3 and the other two are H and each R1 is H or CH 3 , there being a total of 2 to 4 CH 3 groups attached to the bicyclic radical, are prepared by reacting the corresponding bridgehead lithium compound with a chromium salt (particularly a halide), an ether complex thereof or an alkoxide of chromium in an inert atmosphere at - 78 to + 35‹ C., usually in a hydrocarbon diluent such as pentane, heptane or cyclohexane. The chromium halide reactant may be CrCl 3 , CrCl 3 .3THF (tetrahydrofuranate), CrF 3 or CrI 3 . In the examples, tris-(4-camphyl) chromium is prepared (4-camphyl= 2,2,3-trimethyl-1-bicyclo-[2- 2,1]-heptyl). The compounds are useful as olefin polymerization catalysts.

Dimerisation Process

... 1,178,920. Dimerisation catalysts. BRITISH PETROLEUM CO. Ltd. 27 Nov., 1968 [28 Dec., 1967], No. 58824/67. Heading B1E. [Also in Division C5] Olefin dimerisation catalysts comprise (a) a nickel complex of either di-isobutyryl methane or dibenzoyl methane, and (b) an aluminium alkyl, e.g. Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 or Al(C 2 H 5 O) (C 2 H 5 ) 2 .

Production of oligomers of 1,3-diones

A catalyst for the oligomerization of 1, 3-dienes to form cyclic olefins is made by mixing in any sequence, (a) a divalent nickel compound, (b) a metal having a reducing action on the divalent nickel compound, and (c) an organic compound of an element of Group V(a) of the Periodic System which has an atomic weight of at least 30. The component (a) may be nickel chloride, sulphide, cyanide, bromide, iodide, carbonate, formate, acetate, oxalate, oxide, benzoate, hydroxide, sulphate, nitrate, acetylacetonate, acetylacetonate dialcoholate, acetylacetonate diphenolate, acetoacetic esters, benzoylacetonate, or nickel dimethyl glyoxime. Suitable metals are lithium, sodium, potassium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminium, gallium, indium or cerium. The (c) catalyst component is preferably selected from the following groups, organic phosphines, phosphine oxides, arsines, stibines, phosphorous acid esters, thiophosphorous acid esters, or phosphorous acid tri-amides substituted ...

Improvements in catalysts

Catalyst compositions comprise a crystalline molecular sieve having sorbed therein an organic tin compound. The catalysts may be prepared by heating the molecular sieve to drive off substantially all the water of hydration and placing the activated molecular sieve and the organic tin compound in a vacuum desiccator. The tin compound may be a compound of formula R3SnX, R4Sn, R2SnX2, RSnX3, R2SnY, RSnOOR1, R(SnOOR1)2, , or R2Sn(YRX)2 where R is a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, R1 is a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical, hydrogen or metal, X is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, acyloxy, substituted acyloxy, acyl or organic residues connected to tin through a sulphide link, and Y represents oxygen or sulphur; a stannous acylate; or a stannous alkoxide. Long lists of suitable tin compounds are given. The molecular sieve may be a synthesized zeolite of formula M 2/n O:Al2O3: wSiO2:yH2O where M is a cation of valence ...

CARBONYLATION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONS

... 1328850 Carbonylation MOBIL OIL CORP 30 Dec 1970 [20 Feb 1970 17 Aug 1970] 61912/70 Heading C2C Carboxylic acids and esters are prepared by the liquid phase carbonylation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons with carbonmonoxide and hydroxylic compounds in the presence of a palladium salt catalyst of formula L m PdX y in which L is an organic phosphine, X is an anion, m an integer of 1-4, and y is 1 or 2, and a tin cocatalyst. The ligand may be triphenyl, tri-ptolyl, tri-p-trifluoromethyl phenyl, tri-p-anisyl and tri-n-butyl phosphines or palladium dichloride-1,2-diphenyl phosphino ethane and the tin cocatalyst may be stannous chloride dihydrate, anhydrous stannous chloride, stannic chloride, stannic chloride pentahydrate, and triphenyl tin chloride. Examples describe the treatment of propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 2- pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, cis-2-hexene, and 1-octadecene with various catalysts to yield the corresponding esters.

ISOMERIZATION OF 5-VINYL-BICYCLO-2,2,1-HEPT-2-ENES

... 1342049 5-Ethylidene-2-norbornenes MONTECATINI EDISON SPA 13 June 1972 [14 June 1971 (2)] 27679/72 Heading C5E [Also in Division B1] 5-Ethylidene-2-norbornenes are prepared by isomerizing 5-vinyl-2-norbornenes with a catalyst comprising (1) one or more titanium compounds of the formula Ti X 4-y (OR1) y where X is Cl, Br or I, R is C 1 -C 12 hydrocarbyl and y is 0 to 4, (2) an alkali metal, (3) an aluminium halide, and (4) a cyclopentadienyl thallium or sodium compound. The norbornene nucleus may contain a C 1 -C 4 alkyl substituent. The isomerization may be carried out at 25-300‹ C. in an inert aromatic or saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon diluent, e.g. mesitylene. Catalyst components used in the examples are (1) TiCl 4 , (2) Na, (3) AlCl 3 (4) cyclopentadienyl thallium or sodium cyclopentadiene.

PROCESS FOR HYDROGENATING POLYMERS

... 1,234,797. Hydrogenating polymers. BRIDGESTONE TIRE K.K. 19 June, 1968 [21 June, 1967], No. 29256/68. Headings C3G and C3P. Polymer having hydrogenatable unsaturated bonds is hydrogenated to provide hydrogenated polymer by a process which comprises contacting- a solution of the polymer to be hydrogenated with hydrogen at a temperature of from 0‹ to 120‹ C. in the presence of a catalyst which is a reaction product prepared by reacting, either in an inert solvent or in a solution of the polymer to be hydrogenated, one molar proportion of at least one metal chelate compound formed from a chelating agent and a metal selected from iron, cobalt and nickel, each molecule of chelating agent being attached to an atom of metal through a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and from 0À2 to 10 molar proportions of at least one organometallic compound having the formula MR n wherein M is at least one metal selected from lithium, magnesium and aluminium, n is the valency of the metal M or the sum of the ...

Improved process for making cyclododecatriene

Catalysts for trimerizing butadiene, isoprene or piperylene to the cyclododecatrienes in which the ratio of ethyl groups to aluminium atoms is 0,9:1 to 1,3:1 may be prepared (a) by dissolving 1 to 1,5 moles of Al Et3 per mole of TiCl4 in a solvent, reacting the compounds to reduce the TiCl4 to TiCl3 and adding sufficient AlCl3 or HCl to bring the ratio of ethyl to aluminium to the required range; (b) by dissolving 3 to 5 moles of AlEt2Cl per mole of TiCl4 in a solvent and reacting the compounds to reduce the TiCl4 to TiCl3, and if necessary adjusting the ethy/aluminium ratio to the required range with AlCl3 or HCl; (c) by reacting TiCl3,O,33 AlCl3 with aluminium ethyl sesquichloride in proportions to obtain the desired ethyl/aluminium ratio; (d) by adding AlEtCl2 to TiCl3 dispersed in a hydrocarbon solvent or chlorobenzene; or (e) adding aluminium metal and an alkyl halide to TiCl3 dispersed in a solvent.ALSO:Butadiene, isoprene and piperylene are trimerised to the cyclododecatrienes with ...

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

DIORGANOMAGNESIUMVERBINDUNGEN CONTAINING SAMMENSETZUNGEN WITH HIGH MAGNESIUM PORTIONS

DIORGANOMAGNESIUMVERBINDUNGEN ENTHALTENDE ZU- SAMMENSETZUNGEN MIT HOHEN MAGNESIUMANTEILEN

VERFAHREN ZUR KATALYTISCHEN EPOXYDATION VON OLEFINISCHEN VERBINDUNGEN

PROCEDURE FOR SEPARATING AND COLLECTING DIALKYLZINNDIALKOXID

CATALYSTS FUER THE METATHESE OF OLEFINEN AND FUNKTIONALISIERTEN OLEFINEN.

ISOMERISATION FROM EPOXYALKENEN TO 2.5 - DIHYDROFURANEN AND CATALYTIC COMPOSITIONS FOR THIS USE.

CONTINUOUS PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF 2,5-DIHYDROFURANEN FROM GAMMA, DELTA EPOXYBUTENEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE LOW PRESSURE POLYMERIZATION OF ALPHA OLEFINEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A CARRIER CATALYST FOR THE POLYMERIZATION OF ETHYLS AND COPOLYMERISATION OF ETHYLS WITH ALPHA OLEFINEN

USE OF TIN DERIVATIVES AS LATENT ONES POLYCONDENSATION CATALYSTS AND THEIR ABSTENTION VORGEMISCH THE SAME

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR THE HYDROGENATION OF OLEFINISCH INSATIATED CONNECTIONS

PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GROUP 14 VERB-MOVED BISCYCLOPENTADIENYL LIGANDS

PERFLUOROSULFONYLMETHIDE CONNECTIONS; THEIR USE WITH THE PRODUCTION OF CC CONNECTIONS

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

CATALYST AND PROCEDURE FOR CARBONYLIERUNG OF OXIRANEN

ENANTIOSELECTIVE AMINATION AND ETHERIFICATION___________________

Oligomerization catalyst system and process for oligomerizing olefins

Among other things, this disclosure provides an olefin oligomerization system and process, the system comprising: a) a transition metal compound; b) a pyrrole compound having a hydrogen atom on at the 5- position or the 2- and 5- position of a pyrrole compound and having a bulky substituent located on each carbon atom adjacent to the carbon atom bearing a hydrogen atom at the 5- position or the 2- and 5- position of a pyrrole compound. These catalyst system have significantly improved productivities, selectivities to 1-hexene, and provides higher purity 1-hexene within the C6 fraction than catalyst systems using 2,4-dimethyl pyrrole.

HYDROXYL-CONTAINING ORGANOTIN CATALYST FOR MAKING POLYURETHANES

High activity catalyst prepared with alkoxysilanes

OLEFINIC COMPOUNDS

Process for stabilizing olefin production catalyst system

Substituted polycyclic cyclopentadienes and method for their preparation

Titanium catalyst, organotitanium reaction reagent, processes for producing these, and method of reaction using these

PROCESS FOR THE MIDIFICATION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS

CATALYTIC COMPOSITION OF ORGANOTIN COMPOUNDS

The present invention relates to a catalytic composition for esterification, transesterification and polycondensation reactions of dicarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and/or hydroxy carboxylic acids and alcohols, the catalytic composition containing a tin compound of general formula (I): [(R1Sn)l(OH)m-n(OR2)n O o]p+ A q- p/q (formula I) wherein: R1 and R2 each independently is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, A q- is an anion, which is O2-, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl carboxy group, or an aryl carboxy group each having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the anion of a mineral acid or metalate, a titanate, zirconate, or zincate anion l = 12, m = 6, n = 0 to 6, o = 14, p = 2 and q = 2. The invention also relates to a process for the catalysis of said reactions employing such catalytic compositions and polyesters for resins obtainable by this process.

PROCESS AND CATALYST FOR MAKING DIALKYL CARBONATES

A process for producing dialkyl carbonates, such as dimethyl carbonate, from the reaction of a primary alcohol with urea in the presence of a novel catalyst which is a complex of organotin with a high boiling electron donor compound acting as solvent which are bidentate ligands which form 1:1 bidentate and/or 1:2 monodentate adducts with R'2SNX2 (X=C1, R'O, R'COO or R'COS), R'3SNX, R'2SnO, Ph3-n R'SnX n or Ph4-n SnX n (wherein R' = C q H2q+1 n = 0, 1 or 2 and q = 1 to 12) and mixtures thereof, such as materials having the general formula RO[CH2(CH2)K CH2O]MR, wherein each R is independently selec-ted from C1-12 alkyl, alkaryl or aralkyl moieties, k = 0, 1, 2 or 3 and m = 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5.

EPOXIDIZING PROCESS

Procédé d'époxydation catalytique de composés oléfiniques à l'aide d'hydroperoyxde caractérisé en ce que les catalyseurs à base d'étain sont des catalyseurs de formule: Rm Sn Xp dans laquelle m et p sont des nombres entiers positifs; m p = 4; p = 2 ou 3; X est le fluor, le chlore ou le brome; R a pour formule: R' - Y - , dans laquelle Y représente le lien valentiel ou un atome d'oxygène ou un groupe carbonyloxy - CO - O - ; le radical R' étant rattaché à l'atome de carbone de - CO - O - ; pour l'un au moins des radicaux R, Y représente le lien valentiel; R' représente un radical h?drocarboné, saturé ou insaturé, linéaire ou ramifié, aliphatique ou cycloaliphatique ou aromatique ou mixte, alcoylaryle ou aralcoyle, substitué ou non par des atomes d'halogène, le nombre d'atomes de carbone de R' étant au plus égal à 20, ladite réaction d'époxydation étant effectuée en phase liquide.

PROCESS FOR THE MIDIFICATION OF OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS

PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBOXYLIC AMIDES

An improved process is provided for the amidation of carboxylic acids. For the process a carboxylic acid is reacted with ammonia gas at an elevated temperature and at atmospheric pressure or above in the presence of an alkyltin catalyst, preferably an alkyltin compound containing both hydroxyl and halo groups. High conversions are achieved with the process and the resulting products have low nitrile contents.

CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR ETHYLENE OLIGOMERISATION TO LINEAR ALPHA OLEFINS

A catalyst system comprising: (a) one or more bisarylimino pyridine iron or cobalt catalysts; (b) a first co-catalyst compound which is selected from aluminium alkyls, aluminoxanes, and mixtures thereof; and (c) a second co- catalyst compound which comprises one or more compounds of the formula ZnR~2 wherein each R~, which may be the same or different, is selected from hydrogen, optionally substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl, phenyl, C1, Br, I, SR~~, NR~~ 2, OH, OR~~, CN, NC wherein R~~ , which within the same molecule may the same or different, is C1-C20 hydrocarbyl.

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRAZIQUANTEL AND PRECURSORS THEREOF

The present invention provides methods of preparing Praziquantel, in particular (R)-Praziquantel and analogues thereof in a stereoselective manner. One method involves asymmetric hydrogenation of the following intermediate compound (I) and subsequent cyclization.

NON-PHTHALATE DONOR FOR POLYOLEFIN CATALYSTS

A solid catalyst component for use in olefinic polymerization, includes titanium, magnesium, a halogen, and an internal electron donor compound; wherein: the internal electron donor compound is at least one compound represented by Formula (I)).

PROCESS FOR THE ISOMERIZATION OF 5-VINYLBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPT-2-ENES

OLEFIN METATHESIS PROCESS AND CATALYST CONTAINING TUNGSTEN FLUORINE BONDS

A process and catalyst for the metathesis of olefins in general and specifically for the production of propylene from ethylene and butylene has been developed. The catalyst comprises a tungsten metal compound, which contains at least one tungsten-fluoro bond, dispersed or grafted onto a support. A specific example of the catalyst is the compound WOF(CH2CMe3)3 grafted onto a silica support.

COMPOSITIONS AND CATALYST SYSTEMS OF METAL PRECURSORS AND OLEFINIC DILUENTS

A system and method for preparing and using a metal precursor diluent composition are described. The composition includes a metal precursor, and about 18% to about 80 % by weight of an olefinic diluent having between 6 and 18 carbon atoms. Such compositions may be used in oligomerization catalyst systems.

OLIGOMERIZATION CATALYST SYSTEM AND PROCESS FOR OLIGOMERIZING OLEFINS

Among other things, this disclosure provides an olefin oligomerization system and process, the system comprising: a) a transition metal compound; b) a pyrrole compound having a hydrogen atom on at the 5- position or the 2- and 5- position of a pyrrole compound and having a bulky substituent located on each carbon atom adjacent to the carbon atom bearing a hydrogen atom at the 5- position or the 2- and 5- position of a pyrrole compound. These catalyst system have significantly improved productivities, selectivities to 1-hexene, and provides higher purity 1-hexene within the C6 fraction than catalyst systems using 2,4-dimethyl pyrrole.

PREPARING CATALYST FOR OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION

Improvements or modifications of earlier process for preparing chromium-containing compounds, such as, for example, chromium pyrrolides, by forming a mixture of a chromium salt, a metal amide, particularly a pyrrolide, and an electron pair donor solvent, such as, for example, an ether, and reaction with an unsaturated hydrocarbon are disclosed, including use of pyrrole or derivatives thereof as the pyrrolide and an aliphatic as the unsaturated hydrocarbon. A new process for preparing a catalyst system comprises combining a metal source, a pyrrole-containing compound and a metal alkyl without a preliminary reaction step between the metal source and the pyrrole-containing compound in the presence of an electron donor solvent. These catalyst systems and chromium-containing compounds either unsupported or supported on an inorganic oxide support, if desired functioning as a cocatalyst in combination with another polymerization catalyst, such as containing chromium or titanium, can be used to ...

CATALYST FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POLYETHYLENE WITH A NARROW MOLECULAR WEIGHT DISTRIBUTION

An ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous support, such as silica, with a contact mixture of an organomagnesium compound such as dialkyl magnesium and a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate. A transition metal component such as titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

HETEROGENEOUS ORGANOTIN CATALYSTS

This invention provides: (a) new organotin functionalized silanes: (b) a sol id prepared by chemically bonding organotin functionalized silanes to a solid inorganic support containing surface hydroxy groups: (c) a solid catalyst prepared from said supported organotin functionalized silane; (d) a process for conducting esterification or transesterification, and urethane, urea, silicone, and amino forming reaction utilizing said solid supported catalyst; (e) a proces s of separating the solid supported catalyst from the reaction products employing ligand - solid separation techniques; (f) reuse of the solid supported catalyst after being separated from the reactio n products; (g) a continuous esterification or transesterification reaction or urethane, urea, silicone, or amino forming reaction or urethane, urea, silicone, or amino forming reaction comprising passing reactants for a esterification or transesterification reaction or urethane, urea, silicone, or amino forming reaction or a urethane ...

SUPPORTED LEWIS ACID CATALYSTS FOR HYDROCARBON CONVERSION REACTIONS

A supported Lewis acid catalyst system for catalyzing hydrocarbon conversion reactions including cationic polymerization, alkylation, isomerization and cracking reactions is disclosed, wherein the catalyst system comprises an inorganic oxide support having immobilized thereon at least one relatively strong Lewis acid and at least one relatively weak Lewis acid.

HIGH ACTIVITY POLYETHYLENE CATALYSTS

An ethylene polymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous sup port, such as silica, with an organomagnesium compound such as a dialkylmagnesium compound, contacting the magnesium-containing sup port with a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraalkoxysilanes, e.g. tetraethyl orthosilicate, and incor porating a transition metal component, such as titanium tetrachloride, in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of t his catalyst precursor with dimethylaluminum chloride as a cocatalyst results in a catalyst system which is effective for the productio n of ethylene copolymers with multimodal molecular wei ght distributions.

POLYMER SUPPORTED ORGANOTIN CATALYST

A tetravalent organotin containing compound where the tin atom is attached via an alkyl group to a phenyl moiety with a polymerizable group thereon, is useful as a monomer. A polymer prepared from the monomer. A transesterification catalyst prepared from the polymer and a process for conducting a transesterification reaction using the transesterification catalyst.

COMPOUNDS OF THE RARE EARTHS AND THEIR USE AS POLYMERISATION CATALYSTS FOR UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS

The present invention relates to a new catalyst based on allyl complexes of the rare earths, of general formula ¢(C3R1 5)rM1(X)2-r(D)n!+¢M2(X)p(C6H5-qR2q)4-P!~ (I), to the preparation of this new catalyst, and to its use for the polymerisation o f unsaturated compounds, particularly of conjugated dienes, in solution and in the gas phase.

Procédé de polymérisation

Verfahren zur Herstellung organischer Zinnhalogeniden

Verfahren zur Reduktion von Titan (IV)-Verbindungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von schwefelhaltigen Organozinnverbindungen

Procédé de fabrication de complexes d'uranium et produits nouveaux obtenus par ce procédé

Procédé pour accélérer une réaction chimique

Procédé pour accélérer une réaction chimique

Verfahren zur Herstellung von 4-Methylpenten-1

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Komplexen der Übergangsmetalle ohne Carbonyl-Liganolen

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Organozinnhalogeniden

Procédé de préparation de nouveaux composés organométalliques dérivés du fer

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mono- und Diorganoperoxyzinnverbindungen

KATALYTISCHES VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON OXIRANVERBINDUNGEN.

IT ARRANGES CATALYTIC FOR the UNSATURATED COMPOUND HYDROGENATION AND USE OF SAYING ARRANGES.

Process for the preparation of alkylene glycol etherates of carboxylic acids

2-components catalyst system AND PROCEDURE FOR the PRODUCTION OF WITH HYDROXYL ENDING AETHERN.

METHOD OF OBTAINING CATALYTIC COMPOSITION FOR HYDROGENATION AND CATALYTIC COMPOSITION FOR HYDROGENATION OF

MODIFIED CARRIERS CATALYST

METAL - ALKILARENY AND METHODS OF THEIR SYNTHESIS

METHOD PREPARATION OF COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITRILE FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

USE OF SUPPORTED CATALYST SYSTEM FOR PREPARING POLYOLEFINS

CATALYST METATHESIS OF ALKANES, METHODS OF ITS PREPARATION AND USAGE

Tin catalysts, process for their prodn., their use and cross-linkable mixtures contg. same

HYDROCARBON CONVERSION PROCESS

METHOD FOR IN-SITU FORMATION OF METATHESIS CATALYSTS

Synthetic methods for the in-situ formation of olefin metathesis catalysts are disclosed, as well as the use of such catalysts in metathesis reactions of olefins and olefin compounds. In one aspect, a method is provided for synthesizing an organometallic compound of the formula 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein M is Ru or Os.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein L claim 1 , L claim 1 , and Lare independently selected from phosphine claim 1 , sulfonated phosphine claim 1 , phosphite claim 1 , phosphinite claim 1 , phosphonite claim 1 , arsine claim 1 , stibine claim 1 , ether claim 1 , amine claim 1 , amide claim 1 , imine claim 1 , sulfoxide claim 1 , carboxyl claim 1 , nitrosyl claim 1 , pyridine claim 1 , substituted pyridine claim 1 , imidazole claim 1 , substituted imidazole claim 1 , pyrazine claim 1 , thioether claim 1 , and thiocarbonyl.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the phosphine is of the formula PRRR claim 3 , wherein R claim 3 , R claim 3 , and Rare each independently selected from aryl claim 3 , substituted aryl claim 3 , alkyl claim 3 , substituted alkyl claim 3 , cycloalkyl claim 3 , substituted cycloalkyl claim 3 , heterocycles claim 3 , and substituted heterocycles.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein Xand Xare independently selected from hydrogen claim 1 , halide claim 1 , C-Calkyl claim 1 , C-Caryl claim 1 , C-Calkoxy claim 1 , C-Caryloxy claim 1 , C-Calkoxycarbonyl claim 1 , C-Caryloxycarbonyl claim 1 , C-Cacyl claim 1 , C-Cacyloxy claim 1 , C-Calkylsulfonato claim 1 , C-Carylsulfonato claim 1 , C-Calkylsulfanyl claim 1 , C-Carylsulfanyl claim 1 , C-Calkylsulfinyl claim 1 , or C-Carylsulfinyl claim 1 , any of which claim 1 , with the exception of hydrogen and halide claim 1 , are optionally further substituted with one or more groups selected from halide claim 1 , C-Calkyl claim 1 , C-Calkoxy claim 1 , and C-Caryl.10. The compound of claim 9 , wherein M is Ru or Os.11. The compound of claim 9 , wherein L claim 9 , L claim 9 , and Lare ...

Modified catalyst supports

The invention covers a supported catalyst system prepared according to a process comprising the following step: i). impregnating a silica-containing catalyst support having a specific surface area of from 150 m 2 /g to 800 m 2 /g, preferably 280 m 2 /g to 600 m 2 /g, with one or more titanium compounds of the general formula selected from R n Ti(OR′) m and (RO) n Ti(OR′) m , wherein R and R′ are the same or different and are selected from hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to 12 carbon and halogens, and wherein n is 0 to 4, m is 0 to 4 and m+n equals 4, to form a titanated silica-containing catalyst support having a Ti content of at least 0.1 wt % based on the weight of the Ti-impregnated catalyst support wherein the supported catalyst system further comprises an alumoxane and a metallocene.

OLEFIN METATHESIS CATALYSTS AND RELATED METHODS

The present invention provides methods for the synthesis of catalysts and precursors thereof. Methods of the invention may comprise combining a catalyst precursor and at least one ligand to generate a catalytically active species, often under mild conditions and in high yields. In some cases, a wide variety of catalysts may be synthesized from a single catalyst precursor. Methods of the invention may also include the preparation of catalysts which, under reaction conditions known in the art, may have been difficult or impossible to prepare and/or isolate due to, for example, steric crowding at the metal center. The present invention also provides catalyst compositions, and precursors thereof, which may be useful in various chemical reactions including olefin metathesis. In some cases, methods of the invention may reduce the number of synthetic and purification steps required to produce catalysts and/or other reaction products, as well as reducing time, cost, and waste production. 170-. (canceled)72. The compound according to claim 71 , wherein each of Rand Ris an oxygen-containing ligand.73. The compound according to claim 72 , wherein the oxygen-containing ligand coordinates M via an oxygen atom.74. The compound according to claim 73 , wherein Ris substituted aryl.75. The compound according to claim 73 , wherein Ris a monosubstituted aryl claim 73 , 2 claim 73 ,6-disubstituted aryl claim 73 , or 2 claim 73 ,4 claim 73 ,6-trisubstituted aryl.76. The compound according to claim 73 , wherein one of Rand Ris hydrogen and the other of Rand Ris an optionally substituted group selected from alkyl claim 73 , heteroalkyl claim 73 , aryl claim 73 , or heteroaryl.77. The compound according to claim 73 , wherein:M is Mo;{'sup': '1', 'Ris substituted aryl;'}{'sup': '2', 'Ris optionally substituted alkyl; and'}{'sup': '3', 'Ris hydrogen.'}78. The compound according to claim 73 , wherein:M is W;{'sup': '1', 'Ris substituted aryl;'}{'sup': '2', 'Ris optionally substituted alkyl; ...

POLYLACTIDE RESIN AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

The present invention is directed to an organometallic complex and a catalyst composition capable of producing polylactide resins with improved properties at a higher conversion rate, a method of producing the organometallic complex, polylactide resins having enhanced hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance together with superior mechanical properties, a preparation process therefor, and polylactide resin compositions including the same. 2. The catalyst composition according to claim 1 , wherein each of Rand Ris a monovalent phenyl group substituted with a C1 to C10 alkyl group claim 1 , or a C3 to C10 alkyl group or cycloalkyl group claim 1 , and Ris a divalent phenylene group substituted with a C1 to C10 alkyl group claim 1 , or a C3 to C10 alkylene group or cycloalkylene group.3. The catalyst composition according to claim 1 , wherein the compound of Chemical Formula 3 is tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(Oct)). The present application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/148,367, filed on Aug. 8, 2011, which is a national phase entry under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/KR2010/000793, filed Feb. 9, 2010, published in Korean, which claims the benefit of Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2009-0010182, filed Feb. 9, 2009; 10-2009-0040123, filed May 8, 2009; and 10-2009-0072140, filed Aug. 5, 2009. The disclosures of said applications are incorporated by reference herein.(a) Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to polylactide resins with improved properties, and a preparation process therefor. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an organometallic complex and a catalyst composition capable of producing polylactide resins with improved properties at a higher conversion rate, a method of producing the organometallic complex, polylactide resins having enhanced hydrolysis resistance and heat resistance together with superior mechanical properties, a preparation process therefor, and polylactide resin ...

ALKANE METATHESIS CATALYST, METHODS OF USE AND THE PREPARATION THEREOF

The invention concerns an alkane metathesis catalyst, its production and use. The catalyst comprises a Group V, VI or VII metal alkyl with the metal in its highest oxidation state, preferably Ta or W, and the alkyl of C1-C4, preferably together with alkylidene and/or alkylidyne ligands, in particular -Me, ═CH2 and ≡CH, on a metal oxide support, preferably silica partially dehydroxylated at 200 or 700° C. Substrates include cycloalkanes, preferably cyclooctane. 1. A catalyst comprising an oxide support and a supported metal alkyl species bound to the oxide support , wherein the supported metal alkyl species is a group V , VI or a group VII metal in its highest oxidation state and the alkyl group is a C1-C4 alkyl.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the oxide support includes an oxide of silicon claim 1 , an oxide of titanium claim 1 , an oxide of aluminum claim 1 , a mixed silica-alumina claim 1 , or an aminated oxide of silicon.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the supported metal alkyl species bound to the oxide support includes a moiety having a formula of (≡Si—O)M(R)(R) claim 1 , wherein ≡Si—O is a surface Si—O group claim 1 , wherein Ris a C1-C4 alkylidene group or a C1-C4 alkylidyne group claim 1 , wherein each R claim 1 , independently claim 1 , is a halogen or C1-C4 alkyl group claim 1 , wherein x is 1 claim 1 , 2 or 3 claim 1 , y is 0 or 1 claim 1 , and z is 1 claim 1 , 2 claim 1 , 3 claim 1 , 4 or 5 claim 1 , and wherein M is a group VI metal claim 1 , such that x+2y+z is 6 when Ris a C1-C4 alkylidene group or each of two Rgroups is a C1-C4 alkylidene group claim 1 , and that x+3y+z is 6 when Ris a C1-C4 alkylidyne group.4. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein M is tungsten or molybdenum.5. (canceled)6. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein Ris methylidyne.7. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein Ris methyl.8. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x is 1 and y is 0.9. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x is 1 and y is 1.10. The catalyst of claim 3 , wherein x is 2 and y ...

Complexes useful as active components in supported epoxidation catalysts

Method of preparing epoxidation catalysts are disclosed, including methods comprising reacting an inorganic siliceous solid with a metal complex of the formulas: wherein the variables are defined herein.

Catalysts for (e)-selective olefin metathesis

This invention relates generally to olefin metathesis catalyst compounds, to the preparation of such compounds, and the use of such catalysts in the metathesis of olefins and olefin compounds, more particularly, in the use of such catalysts in (E)-selective olefin metathesis reactions. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

Method for Synthesizing Pitavastatin t-Butyl Ester

Method for Synthesizing Pitavastatin t-Butyl Ester A method for synthesizing pitavastatin tert-butyl ester includes obtaining a substance B through reacting (4R-CIS)-6-chloromethyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-acetic acid tert-butyl ester with a substance A under the action of a first base catalyst, 5 oxidizing with an oxidizing agent to obtain a substance C, then reacting with 2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-quinoline-3-formaldehyde under the action of a second base catalyst to obtain a substance D, and finally, carrying out an acid deprotection to obtain pitavastatin t-butyl ester. The reaction conditions of the present invention are mild and controllable, and the reaction conditions of the synthesis of the Julia olefination do 10 not require an ultra-low temperature reaction. The operation is convenient and simple, the stereoselectivity is good, the yield is high, and the synthesized pitavastatin t-butyl ester is a completely non-cis isomer, and its purity is high.

Processes for Producing Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Methods for Recovering Polyvalent Antimony Catalysts Therefrom

The preparation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as pentachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, from tetrachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane, in the presence of a polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, such as antimony pentachloride, is described. Also described are methods for preparing optionally chlorinated alkenes, such as, tetrachloropropenes, from chlorinated alkanes, such as pentachloropropanes, in the presence of polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, as well as methods for recovering polyvalent antimony compounds from such processes.

Hybrid Catalyst for Olefin Metathesis

An olefin metathesis catalyst and method for producing same is provided. 1. A method of preparing a hybrid metathesis catalyst , the method comprising the steps of:contacting a metathesis catalyst present in an organic solvent with a silica support containing a halogen or hydroxyl ligand capable of participating in a ligand exchange reaction;appending the metathesis catalyst to the silica support via the ligand exchange reaction to form a hybrid metathesis catalyst; andrecovering the hybrid metathesis catalyst from the organic solvent.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica support is mesoporous silica.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst contains a metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten claim 1 , molybdenum and ruthenium.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst is benzylidene-bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)dichlororuthenium.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metathesis catalyst is benzylidene[1 claim 1 ,3-bis(2 claim 1 ,4 claim 1 ,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene]dichloro(tricyclohexylphosphine)ruthenium.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the organic solvent is toluene.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of contacting the metathesis catalyst with the silica support is performed by an incipient wetness method.8. A method for the metathesis of butene to produce propene claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of: contacting a metathesis catalyst present in an organic solvent with a silica support containing a halogen or hydroxyl ligand capable of participating in a ligand exchange reaction;', 'appending the metathesis catalyst to the silica support via the ligand exchange reaction to form the hybrid metathesis catalyst; and', 'recovering the hybrid metathesis catalyst from the organic solvent;, 'providing, to a reaction chamber, a hybrid metathesis catalyst prepared bycontacting, in the reaction chamber, an olefin feedstream containing one or both of 1-butene or 2-butene with the hybrid ...

DYNAMIC NETWORKS FOR RECYCLING THERMOSET POLYMERS

Methods for recycling thermoset polymers, particularly by changing them into dynamic networks with the use of an appropriate catalyst solution which transforms the thermoset polymer into a vitrimer-like composition. The methods include the step of swelling a crosslinked thermoset polymer in a solution including a catalyst, whereby the catalyst diffuses into the thermoset polymer, in particular into the thermoset network. Upon removal of the liquid portion of the solution, such as solvent, the catalyst facilitates the occurrence of exchange reactions at elevated temperatures, rendering the system a dynamic network. The vitrimerized composition having the thermoset polymer and catalyst is recyclable and processable and thus suitable for many end uses. 1. A vitrimer-like composition , comprising:a crosslinked polymer and a catalyst infused in a network comprising the crosslinked polymer, wherein the composition is a dynamic network.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises polyurethane claim 1 , and wherein the catalyst comprises tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate.3. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the polyurethane is derived from a composition comprising polycaprolactone triol and 1 claim 2 ,4-phenylene diisocyanate.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises epoxy and a curing agent.5. The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the epoxy comprises diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A and the curing agent comprises a fatty acid.6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the catalyst comprises tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate or zinc acetylacetonate.7. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further includes nanoparticles.8. A composition according to claim 7 , wherein the nanoparticles are present in an amount from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight based on the total weight of the composition.9. A composition according to claim 8 , wherein the nanoparticles ...

Olefin metathesis catalysts and related methods

The present invention provides methods for the synthesis of catalysts and precursors thereof. Methods of the invention may comprise combining a catalyst precursor and at least one ligand to generate a catalytically active species, often under mild conditions and in high yields. In some cases, a wide variety of catalysts may be synthesized from a single catalyst precursor. Methods of the invention may also include the preparation of catalysts which, under reaction conditions known in the art, may have been difficult or impossible to prepare and/or isolate due to, for example, steric crowding at the metal center. The present invention also provides catalyst compositions, and precursors thereof, which may be useful in various chemical reactions including olefin metathesis. In some cases, methods of the invention may reduce the number of synthetic and purification steps required to produce catalysts and/or other reaction products, as well as reducing time, cost, and waste production.

SILICA-TITANIA COMPOSITE AEROGEL PARTICLE, PHOTOCATALYST-FORMING COMPOSITION, AND PHOTOCATALYST

A silica-titania composite aerogel particle includes: a base particle including silicon and titanium whose element ratio Si/Ti is more than 0 and 6 or less; and a surface layer present on the base particle and including a metal compound having a metal atom and a hydrocarbon group. The silica-titania composite aerogel particle has absorption at wavelengths of 450 nm and 750 nm in a visible absorption spectrum, has a BET specific surface area in the range of 200 m/g to 1,200 m/g, and has a value A in the range of 0.03 to 0.3. The value A is calculated by formula: A=(peak intensity of C—O bond+peak intensity of C═O bond)/(peak intensity of C—C bond+peak intensity of C═C bond). The peak intensity is obtained from a C is XPS spectrum. 1. A silica-titania composite aerogel particle comprising:a base particle that includes silicon and titanium whose element ratio Si/Ti is more than 0 and 6 or less; anda surface layer that is present on the base particle and includes a metal compound having a metal atom and a hydrocarbon group,and the silica-titania composite aerogel particle has absorption at wavelengths of 450 nm and 750 nm in a visible absorption spectrum,{'sup': 2', '2, 'has a BET specific surface area in a range of 200 m/g to 1,200 m/g, and has a value A being calculated by formula below in a range of 0.03 to 0.3A=(peak intensity of C—O bond+peak intensity of C═O bond)/(peak intensity of C—C bond+peak intensity of C═C bond)wherein the peak intensity is a value obtained from a C is XPS spectrum.2. The silica-titania composite aerogel particle according to claim 1 , wherein the silica-titania composite aerogel particle has absorption over an entire wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm in the visible absorption spectrum.3. The silica-titania composite aerogel particle according to claim 1 , wherein the silica-titania composite aerogel particles have a volume average particle size in a range of 0.1 μm to 3 μm and a volume particle size distribution in a range of 1.5 to 10. ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PRODUCING CARBON NANOTUBES

Method of producing short carbon nanotube fibers from a carbonaceous gas. 1. A method of producing short carbon nanotube fibers , comprising:(i) introducing a carbonaceous gas, a catalyst, and hydrogen into a reactor;(ii) permitting the carbon atoms of the carbonaceous gas to interact with the catalyst to produce carbon nanotubes;(iii) subjecting the carbon nanotubes to at least one of (a) one or more high velocity jets of gas, (b) one or more spinning impellers, (c) a gas flow across a textured surface, and/or (d) one or more impacts with an array of blunt objects before exiting the reactor to form short carbon nanotube fibers having lengths in a range of from 1 mm to about 50 mm, and(iv) collecting the short carbon nanotube fibers.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is ferrocene claim 1 , which becomes iron nanoparticles in the reactor.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a portion of the carbonaceous gas does not react with the catalyst to form carbon nanotubes and such portion is sent to a second reactor claim 1 , optionally claim 1 , with an additional amount of carbonaceous gas.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the catalyst is collected and then reconditioned and either (i) introduced into the second reactor claim 1 , optionally claim 1 , with an amount of fresh catalyst claim 1 , or (ii) stored for later use.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the catalyst is reconditioned by at least one of (i) oxidizing the catalyst in air and/or exfoliating the catalyst by electrochemical treatment claim 4 , dissolving the catalyst in muriatic acid to form a chloride salt claim 4 , and then reacting the chloride salt with sodium cyclopentadienide; and (ii) heating the catalyst to at least 2000 □ C to vaporize the catalyst and then plate out the vaporized catalyst.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogen formed from the decomposition of the carbonaceous gas is separated and either collected for storage or resale claim 1 , used as a fuel to heat ...

Processes for Producing Fluorided Solid Oxides and Uses Thereof in Metallocene-Based Catalyst Systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins. 1. A process to produce a fluorided solid oxide , the process comprising:(a) contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound and an inorganic base to produce an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least about 4; and(b) contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein:the acidic fluorine-containing compound and the inorganic base are contacted at a ratio of acid:base equivalents in a range from about 1:1 to about 1:2; andthe acidic fluorine-containing compound is contacted first with water, and then the inorganic base, to produce the aqueous mixture in step (a), or the inorganic base is contacted first with water, and then the acidic fluorine-containing compound, to produce the aqueous mixture in step (a).3. The process of claim 1 , wherein:a metal-containing compound is contacted with the acidic fluorine-containing compound and the inorganic base in step (a); andthe fluorided solid oxide contains from about 0.5 to about 10 wt. % of the metal of the metal-containing compound, based on the weight of the fluorided solid oxide.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic base comprises a zinc-containing inorganic base claim 1 , an aluminum-containing inorganic base claim 1 , an iron-containing inorganic base ...

System and method of producing carbon nanotubes

A system and method of producing carbon nanotubes from flare gas and other gaseous carbon-containing sources.

Process for producing liquid polysilanes and isomer enriched higher silanes

Synthesis of silanes with more than three silicon atoms are disclosed (i.e., (SinH(2n+2) with n=4−100). More particularly, the disclosed synthesis methods tune and optimize the isomer ratio by selection of process parameters such as temperature, residence time, and the relative amount of starting compounds, as well as selection of proper catalyst. The disclosed synthesis methods allow facile preparation of silanes containing more than three silicon atoms and particularly, the silanes containing preferably one major isomer. The pure isomers and isomer enriched mixtures are prepared by catalytic transformation of silane (SiH4), disilane (Si2H6), trisilane (Si3H8), and mixtures thereof.

DIHYDROXYBIPYRIDINE COMPLEXES OF RUTHENIUM AND IRIDIUM FOR WATER OXIDATION AND HYDROGENATION

The present invention discloses a class of organometallic catalysts for both hydrogenation and water oxidation. The synthesis and the use of these catalysts for hydrogenation, hydrogen production and water oxidation reactions is also disclosed. 2. The organometallic complex of claim 1 , wherein M is ruthenium and Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted five or six membered aromatic ring.3. The organometallic complex of claim 2 , wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of benzene or benzene substituted by one or more substitutes each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl claim 2 , alkenyl claim 2 , alkynyl claim 2 , fluoroalkyl and haloalkenyl.4. The organometallic complex of claim 2 , wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of benzene claim 2 , cymene claim 2 , and hexamethylbenzene.5. The complex of claim 1 , wherein said M is iridium and is a substituted or unsubstituted five or six membered aromatic ring.6. The organometallic complex of claim 5 , wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl claim 5 , methylcyclopentadienyl claim 5 , dimethylcyclopentadienyl claim 5 , and pentamethylcyclopentadienyl.7. The organometallic complex of claim 1 , wherein Ar is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl claim 1 , methylcyclopentadieny claim 1 , dimethylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , trimethylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , tetramethylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , ethylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , n-propylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , isopropylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , n-butylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , sec-butylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , tert-butylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , n-pentylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , neopentylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , n-hexylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , n-octylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , phenylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , naphthylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , trimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , triethylsilylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , tert-butyldimethylsilylcyclopentadienyl claim 1 , indenyl ...

Antifouling oligomerization catalyst systems

A catalyst system that may reduce polymeric fouling may include at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and an antifouling agent. The antifouling agent may be chosen from one or more of a phosphonium or phosphonium salt; a sulfonate or a sulfonate salt; a sulfonium or sulfonium salt; an ester including a cyclic moiety; an anhydride; a polyether; and a long-chained amine-capped compound. The catalyst system may further include a non-polymeric ether compound.

MAGNESIUM DICHLORIDE-ALCOHOL ADDUCTS AND CATALYST COMPONENTS OBTAINED THEREFROM

A Mg compound based catalyst precursor made from or containing up to 50% by mols, with respect to Mg, of a compound of formula K(OR) wherein Ris H or a C-Chydrocarbon group. When treated with transition metal compounds, the precursor is converted into catalyst with high activity in olefin polymerization. 1. An olefin polymerization catalyst precursor comprising:{'sub': 2', '1', '10, 'a complex of formula MgCl.n(ROH) wherein R is a C-Chydrocarbon group and n ranges from 0.3 to 6, and'}{'sup': 1', '−', '1', '1, 'sub': 1', '10, 'up to 50% mol with respect to Mg, of a K compound selected from the group consisting of halides, carbonate, carboxylates of formula RCOO and compounds of formula K(OR) wherein Ris H or a C-Chydrocarbon group.'}2. The precursor of claim 1 , wherein the K compound is selected from the group consisting of chloride claim 1 , alcoholates claim 1 , carbonate claim 1 , hydroxide and mixture thereof.3. The precursor of claim 2 , wherein the K compound has the formula K(OR) wherein Ris H or a C-Chydrocarbon group.4. The precursor of claim 1 , wherein n ranges from 0.5 to 5.5. The precursor of claim 1 , wherein the K compound is present in an amount lower than 25% by mol with respect to Mg.6. The precursor of claim 5 , wherein the K compound is present in the precursor in an amount lower than 7% by mol with respect to Mg.7. The precursor of claim 3 , wherein K(OR) is KOH or KOEt.8. The precursor of claim 1 , wherein the MgCl.n(ROH) complex is partially dealcoholated.9. Catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins obtained by reacting the precursor of with a titanium compound.10. The catalyst components of claim 9 , wherein the K compound is present in an amount lower than 15% by mol with respect to Mg.11. The catalyst components of claim 9 , further comprising an electron donor compound (internal donor).12. The catalyst components of claim 11 , wherein the electron donor compound (internal donor) is selected from the group consisting of esters ...

ORGANOTIN CATALYSTS IN ESTERIFICATION PROCESSES OF FURAN-2,5-DICARBOXYLIC ACID (FDCA)

Sugar-based mono and diesters are prepared by esterification of 2,5-furan-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) with an alcohol in the presence of low loadings of a homogeneous organotin (IV) catalyst. 1: A process of preparing esters of furan-2 ,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) comprising: reacting FDCA with at least an alcohol or a mixture of different alcohols in either an alcohol or diester solvent matrix in the presence of a homogeneous organotin catalyst.2: The process according to claim 1 , wherein said alcohol is either an aliphatic claim 1 , having C-Cchain claim 1 , or aromatic alcohol species.3: The process according to claim 2 , wherein said alcohol is selected from the group consisting of: methanol claim 2 , ethanol claim 2 , propanol claim 2 , isopropanol claim 2 , n-butanol claim 2 , sec-butanol claim 2 , isobutanol claim 2 , n-pentanol claim 2 , 2-pentanol claim 2 , 3-pentanol claim 2 , n-hexanol claim 2 , isohexanol claim 2 , 2-ethylhexanol claim 2 , heptanol claim 2 , octanol claim 2 , nonanol claim 2 , decanol claim 2 , phenol claim 2 , benzyl alcohol claim 2 , and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.4: The process according to claim 1 , wherein either said alcohol solvent matrix or di-ester matrix is sufficient to dissolve said FDCA claim 1 , at about 50 wt. % to about 99 wt. % relative to an amount of FDCA.5: The process according to claim 4 , wherein either said alcohol solvent matrix or di-ester solvent matrix is at about 75 wt. % to about 97 wt. % relative to an amount of FDCA.6: The process according to claim 1 , wherein a tin ion of said organotin catalyst is Sn (IV).7: The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organotin catalyst has at least one tin-carbon covalent bond.8: The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organotin catalyst is selected from the group consisting of: butylstannoic acid claim 1 , dibutyltin oxide claim 1 , dibutyltin diacetate claim 1 , stannous (II) acetate claim 1 , butyltin tris 2-ethylhexanoate claim 1 , dibutyltin maleate claim 1 ...

METHOD OF OLIGOMERIZATION OF OLEFINS

The present invention relates to a method of preparing α-olefins by oligomerization of C-Colefins. The method is carried out by oligomerization of C-Colefins in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a transition metal source, an activator, which is an alkylaluminoxane, and a compound of formula (I), ArArP—N(R)—PArAr[formula I], wherein Arare the same or different and are selected from substituted or unsubstituted C-Caryl, R is selected from linear or branched C-Calkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C-Caryl, and substituted or unsubstituted C-Ccycloalkyl, wherein the oligomerization is carried out in a solvent, which is a bicyclic compound or a mixture of bicyclic compounds, preferably decalin. The claimed method provides a significant increase in the activity of the catalyst during the oligomerization process and, as a consequence, a reduction in the catalyst unit consumption, as well a reduction in the formation of polymer by-product. 1. A method for preparing α-olefins by oligomerization of C-Colefins in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a transition metal source , an activator , which is an alkylaluminoxane , and a compound of formula (I) ,{'br': None, 'sup': 1', '2', '3', '4, 'ArArP—N(R)—PArAr\u2003\u2003[formula I],'}wherein{'sup': '1-4', 'sub': 6', '10, 'Arare the same or different and selected from substituted or unsubstituted C-Caryl groups;'}{'sub': 1', '4', '6', '10', '3', '10, 'R is selected from linear or branched C-Calkyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C-Caryl group, and substituted or unsubstituted C-Ccycloalkyl group;'}wherein the oligomerization process is carried out in a solvent, which is a bicyclic compound or a mixture of bicyclic compounds.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oligomerization is trimerization or tetramerization.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein C-Colefin is ethylene.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transition metal is selected from the group comprising Ti claim 1 , Zr claim 1 , Hf claim 1 , Ni claim ...

CATALYST AND PRECURSOR THEREOF AND METHOD OF FORMING DIALKYL CARBONATE

A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R—OH, and Ris Calkyl group or Caryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR), and Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR)have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. Ris Calkyl group, Ris H or Calkyl group, and L is O—(C═O)—R, and Ris Calkyl group. The dialkyl carbonate is 1. A catalyst precursor , being{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2', '4, 'formed by reacting Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR),'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2', '4, 'wherein Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR)have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1,'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': '1-10', 'Ris Calkyl group,'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': '1-12', 'Ris H or Calkyl group, and'}{'sup': 5', '5, 'sub': '1-12', 'L is O—(C═O)—R, and Ris Calkyl group.'}5. A catalyst , being:formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol,{'sup': 3', '3, 'sub': 1-12', '5-12, 'wherein the alcohol is R—OH, and Ris Calkyl group or Caryl or heteroaryl group,'}{'sup': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2', '4', '2', '2', '4, 'wherein the catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR), and Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR)have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1,'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': '1-10', 'Ris Calkyl group,'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': '1-12', 'Ris H or Calkyl group, and'}{'sup': 5', '5, 'sub': '1-12', 'L is O—(C═O)—R, and Ris Calkyl group.'}6. The catalyst as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the catalyst precursor and the alcohol have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 1:50.11. The method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the step of introducing carbon dioxide into the catalyst is performed at a temperature of 80° C. to 160° C.12. The method as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the step of introducing carbon dioxide into the catalyst is performed under a pressure of 20 bar to 80 bar.16. The method as claimed in claim 10 , further comprising activating the used catalyst using ...

SOLVENTS FOR ORGANOMETALLIC REAGENTS

In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a solvent including a hydrocarbon oligomer with at least 20 carbon atoms, where the hydrocarbon oligomer has at least one of a low viscosity, a low vapor pressure, and a high flashpoint. In another embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a solution including a poly(α-olefin) and a reactive organometallic reagent. In a further embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a solution including an oligomeric hydrocarbon and a reactive organometallic reagent. In an additional embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a method for creating a solution, where the method includes adding a reactive organometallic reagent to an oligomeric hydrocarbon. 1. A solvent comprising:a hydrocarbon oligomer with at least 20 carbon atoms, wherein the hydrocarbon oligomer has at least one of a low viscosity, a low vapor pressure, and a high flashpoint.2. The solvent of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of a poly(α-olefin) decene dimer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) decene trimer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) decene tetramer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) decene pentamer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) dodecene dimer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) dodecene trimer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin) dodecene tetramer claim 1 , a poly(α-olefin)-anchored cosolvent claim 1 , or combinations thereof.3. The solvent of claim 1 , wherein the poly(α-olefin)-anchored cosolvent is a polyisobutylene-bound cosolvent.4. The solvent of claim 3 , wherein the polyisobutylene-bound cosolvent is a terminally functionalized polyisobutylene having end groups that stabilize or solubilize an organometallic reagent in poly(α-olefin).5. The solvent of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon oligomer has low volatility.6. The solvent of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon oligomer is a saturated hydrocarbon oligomer having 20 carbon atoms.7. The solvent of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon oligomer is a saturated hydrocarbon oligomer having 30 carbon ...

A PROCESS FOR PREPARING ALECTINIB OR A PHARMACEUTICALLY ACCEPTABLE SALT THEREOF

The present invention relates to a process for preparing the Alectinib or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof using lesser reaction steps and also eliminating expensive and time-consuming column chromatography. The invention also relates to novel polymorphic forms of Alectinib and Alectinib hydrochloride. 2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst and a ligand.4. The process according to claim 2 , wherein the catalyst is a palladium (II) catalyst.5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the palladium (II) catalyst is selected from palladium(II) acetate claim 4 , [1 claim 4 ,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]dichloropalladium(II) and [1 claim 4 ,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene]palladium(II) dichloride.6. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the ligand is a phosphine ligand.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the phosphine ligand is selected from tricyclohexylphosphine claim 6 , tri-tert-butylphosphine claim 6 , triphenylphosphine and 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′ claim 6 ,4′ claim 6 ,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected from amide solvents claim 1 , sulfoxide solvents claim 1 , ethers and mixtures thereof.9. The process according to claim 8 , wherein the solvent is selected from N-methylpyrrolidone claim 8 , dimethylsulfoxide claim 8 , dimethylacetamide claim 8 , diethylacetamide claim 8 , dimethylformamide claim 8 , dioxane claim 8 , tetrahydrofuran and mixtures thereof.10. A crystalline form of Alectinib or a hydrochloride salt thereof selected from the group consisting of (a) form B of Alectinib characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) pattern comprising peaks at about 10.6 and 12.6±0.2° 2θ claim 8 , (b) form IV of Alectinib hydrochloride characterized by an XRPD ...

CATALYST PRECURSOR

A method of forming dialkyl carbonate is provided, which includes introducing carbon dioxide into a catalyst to form dialkyl carbonate, wherein the catalyst is formed by activating a catalyst precursor using alcohol, wherein alcohol is R—OH, and Ris Calkyl group or Caryl or heteroaryl group. The catalyst precursor is formed by reacting Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR), and Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR)have a molar ratio of 1:2 to 2:1. Ris Calkyl group, Ris H or Calkyl group, and L is O—(C═O)—R, and Ris Calkyl group. The dialkyl carbonate is 1. A catalyst precursor , being{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2', '4, 'formed by reacting Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR),'}{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': 2', '2', '4, 'wherein Sn(R)(L)and Ti(OR)have a molar ratio of 1:1,'}{'sup': '1', 'sub': '1-10', 'Ris Calkyl group,'}{'sup': '2', 'sub': '1-12', 'Ris H or Calkyl group, and'}{'sup': 5', '5, 'sub': '1-12', 'L is O—(C═O)—R, and Ris Calkyl group.'}3. The catalyst precursor as claimed in claim 1 , wherein Ris butyl group claim 1 , and Ris Calkyl group. This application is a Divisional of pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/727,483, filed on Dec. 26, 2019 and entitled “Catalyst and precursor thereof and method of forming dialkyl carbonate”, which is based on, and claims priority from, Taiwan Application Serial Number 108145962, filed on Dec. 16, 2019, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.The technical field relates to a catalyst precursor, and in particular it relates to a catalyst formed from the catalyst precursor and converting carbon dioxide into dialkyl carbonate.COis a colorless and odorless gas, which is one of the main gases that cause the greenhouse effect. COmainly comes from the combustion of a large number of carbon-containing fuels, including coal, oil, and natural gas. It is estimated that by 2100, the COcontent in the atmosphere will reach 500-1000 μL/L, which will cause the global average temperature to rise by 5.2° C., induce sea-level rise, and increase ocean ...

VINYL ALCOHOL-VINYL ACETATE COPOLYMER

The present invention provides a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer having excellent solubility and a method for producing a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer. Provided is a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer including a unit of vinyl alcohol and a unit of vinyl acetate, the vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer having a randomness value R of 0.5 or higher, the randomness value R being obtained using the following equation (1): 2. The vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to claim 1 ,{'sub': 'O', 'wherein the unit of vinyl alcohol has a mean chain length Lof 1 or longer.'}3. The vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to claim 1 ,{'sub': 'A', 'wherein the unit of vinyl acetate has a mean chain length Lof 1 or longer.'}4. The vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to comprising the unit of vinyl alcohol in an amount of 0.2 to 99.8 mol %.6. The method for producing the vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to claim 5 ,wherein the dianionic zincate complex is dilithium tetra-t-butylzincate.7. The method for producing the vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to claim 5 ,wherein the transesterification is performed in a homogeneous system.8. The method for producing the vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer according to claim 5 ,wherein the transesterification is performed in a heterogeneous system. The present invention relates to a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer having excellent solubility and a method for producing a vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymer.Vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymers are used in many fields such as fiber processing, paper processing, films, and adhesives, as well as dispersants and binders. Vinyl alcohol-vinyl acetate copolymers are commonly obtained by direct saponification of a polyvinyl ester polymer such as polyvinyl acetate with an alkali or an acid. In saponification using an alkali, the saponification reaction is stopped using an acid. In saponification using an acid, the ...

METATITANIC ACID PARTICLE, COMPOSITION FOR FORMING PHOTOCATALYST, AND PHOTOCATALYST

A metatitanic acid particle includes a metal having a hydrocarbon group, which is bonded to a surface of the metatitanic acid particle through an oxygen atom, and absorbs light having a wavelength of 450 nm and light having a wavelength of 750 nm, wherein an element ratio C/Ti between carbon C and titanium Ti in a surface of the metatitanic acid particle is from 0.3 to 1.2, and a reduced amount of C/Ti on the surface of the metatitanic acid particle before and after irradiation with an ultraviolet ray having a wavelength of 352 nm and at an irradiation intensity of 1.3 mW/cmfor 20 hours is from 0.1 to 0.9. 1. A metatitanic acid particle ,which comprises a metal having a hydrocarbon group, which is bonded to a surface of the metatitanic acid particle through an oxygen atom, andabsorbs light having a wavelength of 450 nm and light having a wavelength of 750 nm,wherein an element ratio C/Ti between carbon C and titanium Ti in a surface of the metatitanic acid particle is from 0.3 to 1.2, and{'sup': '2', 'a reduced amount of C/Ti on the surface of the metatitanic acid particle before and after irradiation with an ultraviolet ray having a wavelength of 352 nm and at an irradiation intensity of 1.3 mW/cmfor 20 hours is from 0.1 to 0.9.'}2. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 1 ,which has an absorption in a whole range of a wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm in the visible absorption spectrum.3. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2, 'sub': n', 'm, 'wherein the metal having a hydrocarbon group is derived from a compound represented by RMRwherein Rrepresents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, which is saturated or unsaturated and has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Rrepresents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, M represents a metal atom, n represents an integer of 1 to 3, and m represents an integer of 1 to 3, provided that n+m=4 is satisfied, in a case where n represents an integer of 2 or 3, ...

Modified Catalyst Supports

The invention covers a supported catalyst system prepared according to a process comprising the following step: i). impregnating a silica-containing catalyst support having a specific surface area of from 150 m 2 /g to 800 m 2 /g, preferably 280 m 2 /g to 600 m 2 /g, with one or more titanium compounds of the general formula selected from R n Ti(OR′) m and (RO) n Ti(OR′) m , wherein R and R′ are the same or different and are selected from hydrocarbyl groups containing from 1 to 12 carbon and halogens, and wherein n is 0 to 4, m is 0 to 4 and m+n equals 4, to form a titanated silica-containing catalyst support having a Ti content of at least 0.1 wt % based on the weight of the Ti-impregnated catalyst support wherein the supported catalyst system further comprises an alumoxane and a metallocene.

METHOD FOR PREPARING CARBON NANOTUBES

The present invention relates to a method for preparing carbon nanotubes, the method including: preparing a support including AlO(OH) by primary heat treatment of Al(OH); preparing an active carrier by supporting a mixture including a main catalyst precursor and a cocatalyst precursor on the support; drying the active carrier through multi-stage drying including vacuum drying; preparing a supported catalyst by secondary heat treatment of the dried active support; and preparing carbon nanotubes in the presence of the supported catalyst, and the carbon nanotubes prepared by the method as described above can remarkably improve conductivity. 1. A method for preparing carbon nanotubes , the method comprising:{'sub': '3', 'preparing a support comprising AlO(OH) by primary heat treatment of Al(OH);'}preparing an active carrier by supporting a mixture including a main catalyst precursor and a cocatalyst precursor on the support;drying the active carrier through multi-stage drying including vacuum drying;preparing a supported catalyst by secondary heat treatment of the dried active carrier; andpreparing carbon nanotubes in the presence of the supported catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-stage drying comprises atmospheric pressure drying and vacuum drying.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the atmospheric pressure drying is carried out at 80 to 160° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum drying is carried out at 175 to 300° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum drying is carried out at 1 to 200 mbar.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vacuum drying is carried out for 10 minutes to 3 hours.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multi-stage drying comprises primary vacuum drying which is carried out at a first temperature and secondary vacuum drying which is carried out at a second temperature higher than the first temperature.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the first temperature is from 80 to 160° C.9. The method of claim 7 , wherein ...

IMPROVED METHOD OF RECYCLING POLYURETHANE MATERIALS

A method for alcoholising polyurethane (PUR) materials made from at least one polyol compound having a hydroxyl value X and at least one polyisocyanate compound; wherein the method includes contacting the polyurethane material with at least one alcoholising compound, thereby forming a reaction mixture (M) and allowing the polyurethane material and the alcoholising compound to react in the reaction mixture (M), thereby forming a mixture (M); allowing the mixture (M) to separate into at least two immiscible phases; wherein at least one phase is characterized by a hydroxyl value Y wherein Y≤3.5*X; wherein at least one alcoholising compound is characterized by a hydroxyl functionality of at least 4 and by an equivalent weight of at most 65.0 g/mol; with the proviso that when a mixture of alcoholising compounds is used, the average hydroxyl functionality of all alcoholising compounds is at least 4 and the average equivalent weight of all alcoholising compounds is at most 65.0 g/mol. 1. A method for alcoholising polyurethane (PUR) materials made from at least one polyol compound having a hydroxyl value X and at least one polyisocyanate compound; wherein the method comprises:{'sub': 0', '0, 'contacting the polyurethane material with at least one alcoholising compound, thereby forming a reaction mixture (M) and allowing the polyurethane material and the alcoholising compound to react in said reaction mixture (M), thereby forming a mixture (M);'}allowing the mixture (M) to separate into at least two immiscible phases;wherein at least one phase is characterized by a hydroxyl value Y wherein Y≤3.5*X; wherein at least one alcoholising compound is characterized by a hydroxyl functionality of at least 4 and by an equivalent weight of at most 65.0 g/mol; and with the proviso that when a mixture of alcoholising compounds is used, the average hydroxyl functionality of all alcoholising compounds is at least 4 and the average equivalent weight of all alcoholising compounds is at most ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS OF PREPARING CATALYST FOR FUEL CELL

A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising: a) injecting carbon particles into a fluidized bed reactor; b) evacuating the fluidized bed reactor to form a base pressure; c) introducing a catalytic metal precursor together with a carrier gas into the fluidized bed reactor to contact the catalytic metal precursor with the carbon particles; d d) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor; e) introducing a reaction gas into the fluidized bed reactor to attach the catalytic metal precursor to the carbon particles; and f) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor, wherein, the catalytic metal is attached to the carbon particles in a form of nano-sized spot. 1. A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell comprising:a) injecting carbon particles into a fluidized bed reactor;b) evacuating the fluidized bed reactor to form a base pressure;c) introducing a catalytic metal precursor together with a carrier gas into the fluidized bed reactor to contact the catalytic metal precursor with the carbon particles;d) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor;e) introducing a reaction gas into the fluidized bed reactor to attach the catalytic metal precursor to the carbon particles; andf) purging a purge gas into the fluidized bed reactor,wherein, the catalytic metal is attached to the carbon particles in a form of nano-sized spot.2. The method of claim 1 ,further comprising repeating the steps c) to f) plural times to grow the catalytic metal spot adhered to the carbon particles.3. The method of claim 1 ,wherein the step c) is performed for 90 to 150 seconds,wherein the step d) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds,wherein the step e) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds, andwherein the step (f) is performed for 60 to 120 seconds.4. The method of claim 1 ,wherein, the method further comprises a step of applying vibration to the fluidized bed reactor at 10 to 500 Hz to remove an adhesion material in an upper mesh in the steps c) to f).5. The ...

Convenient process for the preparation of statins

Object of the present invention is an improved process for the preparation of key intermediates for the synthesis of statins.

NOVEL ESTERIFICATION CATALYST AND USES THEREOF

Tin (II) glucarate is found to be effective alone and in combination with other tin compounds for catalyzing the reaction of carboxylic acids such as furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and adipic acid with alcohols such as the C1-C3 alcohols. 1: Tin (II) glucarate.2: A mixture of tin (II) glucarate with one or more other tin compounds selected from the group consisting of the tin (II) salts , butylstannoic acid , dibutyltin oxide , dibutyltin diacetate , butyltin tris 2-ethylhexanoate , dibutyltin maleate , dibutyltin dilaurate , dioctyltin oxide , dibutyltin bis(1-thioglyceride) , dibutyltin dichloride , and monobutyltin dihydroxychloride.3: The mixture of claim 2 , wherein the tin (II) salts are one or more of tin acetate claim 2 , tin octoate claim 2 , tin chloride and tin oxalate.4: A process for forming an ester of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol claim 2 , comprising reacting a carboxylic acid with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst comprising tin (II) glucarate.5: The process of claim 4 , conducted in the presence of a mixture of tin (II) glucarate with one or more other tin compounds selected from the group consisting of the tin (II) salts claim 4 , butylstannoic acid claim 4 , dibutyltin oxide claim 4 , dibutyltin diacetate claim 4 , butyltin tris 2-ethylhexanoate claim 4 , dibutyltin maleate claim 4 , dibutyltin dilaurate claim 4 , dioctyltin oxide claim 4 , dibutyltin bis(1-thioglyceride) claim 4 , dibutyltin dichloride claim 4 , and monobutyltin dihydroxychloride.6: The process of claim 5 , wherein the tin (II) salts are one or more of tin acetate claim 5 , tin octoate claim 5 , tin chloride and tin oxalate.7: The process of claim 5 , wherein the tin (II) glucarate is at least 80 percent by weight of the total weight of a tin compound mixture of tin (II) glucarate and one or more other tin compounds combined.8: The process of claim 7 , wherein the tin (II) glucarate is at least 85 percent by weight of the tin compound mixture.9: The ...

Bi-metallic catalysts, methods of making, and uses thereof

Provided herein are bi-metallic catalysts, methods of making, and uses thereof. In some embodiments, the bi-metallic catalyst contains two different metal catalysts that can be used in hydrocarbon metathesis reactions, in some embodiments, the methods of making the bi-metallic catalysts can include two steps utilizing a surface organometallic chemistry approach in which the two different metal catalysts are sequentially grafted onto a support.

Hydrosilylation reaction catalyst

A hydrosilylation reaction catalyst prepared from: a prescribed transition metal compound such as iron pivalate, cobalt pivalate, iron acetate, cobalt acetate, or nickel acetate; a ligand comprising t-butylisocyanide or another isocyanide compound; and a borane compound, Grignard reagent, alkoxysilane, or other prescribed promoter makes it possible to promote a hydrosilylation reaction under moderate conditions, and has exceptional handling properties and storage stability.

COMPOSITE CATALYST, PREPARATION PROCESS THEREOF, AND PROCESS FOR CATALYZING THE TRIMERIZATION OF BUTADIENE USING THE COMPOSITE CATALYST

The present invention relates to a composite catalyst, preparation process thereof, and process for catalyzing the trimerization of butadiene using the composite catalyst. The composite catalyst comprises: (A) a titanium compound catalyst active component, (B) an organometallic compound co-catalyst component, (C) a sulfoxide compound catalyst-modifying component, (D) a monoester compound catalyst-modifying component, and (E) a solvent component. The composite catalyst has advantages of excellent selectivity, high catalytic activity, easy preparation and so on. 1. A composite catalyst comprising(A) a titanium compound catalyst active component,(B) an organometallic compound co-catalyst component,(C) a sulfoxide compound catalyst-modifying component,(D) a monoester compound catalyst-modifying component, and(E) a solvent component.2. The composite catalyst according to claim 1 , wherein:the titanium compound catalyst active component (A) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of titanium(II) compounds, titanium(III) compounds and titanium(IV) compounds;the organometallic compound co-catalyst component (B) comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of organo-lithium compounds, organoboron compounds and organoaluminum compounds;{'sup': 2', '3', '2', '3', '2', '3, 'the sulfoxide compound catalyst-modifying component (C) comprises one or more of the compounds of formula (RR)S═O, wherein Ris halogen, or optionally substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl having 3-20 carbons, Ris halogen, or optionally substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl having 3-20 carbons, and Rand Rmay be identical or different, and trimethylsulfoxonium iodide;'}{'sup': 4', '5', '4', '5', '4', '5, 'the monoester compound catalyst-modifying component (D) comprises one or more of the monoester compounds of formula RCOOR, wherein Ris a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl having 3-20 carbons, Ris substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or aryl having 3-20 carbons, ...

Processes for Producing Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Methods for Recovering Polyvalent Antimony Catalysts Therefrom

The preparation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as pentachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, from tetrachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane, in the presence of a polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, such as antimony pentachloride, is described. Also described are methods for preparing optionally chlorinated alkenes, such as, tetrachloropropenes, from chlorinated alkanes, such as pentachloropropanes, in the presence of polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, as well as methods for recovering polyvalent antimony compounds from such processes. 130-. (canceled)31: A method of preparing a chlorinated alkene product by chloroalkane dehydrochlorination process , the method comprising:(a) reacting at least one chlorinated alkane in the presence of at least one polyvalent antimony catalyst in a reaction vessel, thereby forming a crude product comprising at least one chlorinated alkene product, a portion of the at least one chlorinated alkane and the at least one polyvalent antimony catalyst, the at least one chlorinated alkene product having one less chloro group (or chlorine atom) covalently bonded thereto and one less hydrogen atom covalently bonded thereto than the at least one chlorinated alkane, the at least one chlorinated alkane and the at least one chlorinated alkene product having a carbon backbone structure that is in each case the same, the at least one chlorinated alkene product having a boiling point at least about 5° C. less than the at least one chlorinated alkane; and(b) optionally converting the polyvalent antimony catalyst to trivalent antimony catalyst to form a product comprising at least one chlorinated alkene product, at least one chlorinated alkane, and at least one trivalent antimony catalyst; (i) the product of step (a) comprising at least one chlorinated alkene product, at least one chlorinated alkane, and at least one polyvalent antimony ...

Organic zinc catalyst, preparation method thereof, and method for preparing polyalkylene carbonate resin using the catalyst

The present invention relates to an organic zinc catalyst which exhibits more improved catalytic activity than conventional organic zinc catalysts during a polymerization process for the preparation of a polyalkylene carbonate resin and is capable of preventing an aggregation phenomenon during a reaction, a method for preparing the same, and a method for preparing a polyalkylene carbonate resin using the organic zinc catalyst. The method for preparing an organic zinc catalyst includes the step of reacting a zinc precursor with a dicarboxylic acid in the presence of a polyether derivative to form a zinc dicarboxylate-based catalyst.

Processes for Producing Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Methods for Recovering Polyvalent Antimony Catalysts Therefrom

The preparation of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as pentachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane, from tetrachloropropanes, such as 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane, in the presence of a polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, such as antimony pentachloride, is described. Also described are methods for preparing optionally chlorinated alkenes, such as, tetrachloropropenes, from chlorinated alkanes, such as pentachloropropanes, in the presence of polyvalent antimony compound that includes a pentavalent antimony compound, as well as methods for recovering polyvalent antimony compounds from such processes.

TITANIUM OXIDE PARTICLE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A titanium oxide particle surface-treated with a silane compound having a hydrocarbon group has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, and has an absorption peak at a wave number of about 2700 cmor more and about 3000 cmor less in an infrared absorption spectrum. 1. A titanium oxide particle surface-treated with a silane compound having a hydrocarbon group ,wherein the titanium oxide particle has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, and{'sup': −1', '−1, 'the titanium oxide particle has an absorption peak at a wave number of about 2700 cmor more and about 3000 cmor less in an infrared absorption spectrum.'}2. The titanium oxide particle according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': n', 'm, 'wherein the silane compound is a compound represented by general formula RSiR,'}{'sup': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'where Rrepresents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Rrepresents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, n represents an integer of 1 to 3, and m represents an integer of 1 to 3, where n+m=4; when n represents an integer of 2 or 3, a plurality of Rmay represent the same group or different groups; and when m represents an integer of 2 or 3, a plurality of Rmay represent the same group or different groups.'}3. The titanium oxide particle according to claim 2 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents a saturated hydrocarbon group.4. The titanium oxide particle according to claim 3 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents a linear saturated hydrocarbon group.5. The titanium oxide particle according to claim 2 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 27 carbon atoms.6. The titanium oxide particle according to claim 5 , wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon group is at least one ...

METATITANIC ACID PARTICLE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A metatitanic acid particle surface-treated with a silane compound having a hydrocarbon group has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, and has an absorption peak at a wave number of about 2700 cmor more and about 3000 cmor less in an infrared absorption spectrum. 1. A metatitanic acid particle surface-treated with a silane compound having a hydrocarbon group ,wherein the metatitanic acid particle has absorption at a wavelength of about 400 nm or more and about 800 nm or less in an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum, and{'sup': −1', '−1, 'the metatitanic acid particle has an absorption peak at a wave number of about 2700 cmor more and about 3000 cmor less in an infrared absorption spectrum.'}2. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 1 ,{'sup': 1', '2, 'sub': n', 'm, 'wherein the silane compound is a compound represented by general formula RSiR,'}{'sup': 1', '2', '1', '2, 'where Rrepresents a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Rrepresents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, n represents an integer of 1 to 3, and m represents an integer of 1 to 3, where n+m=4; when n represents an integer of 2 or 3, a plurality of Rmay represent the same group or different groups; and when m represents an integer of 2 or 3, a plurality of Rmay represent the same group or different groups.'}3. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 2 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents a saturated hydrocarbon group.4. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 3 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents a linear saturated hydrocarbon group.5. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 2 , wherein Rin the general formula RSiRrepresents an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 27 carbon atoms.6. The metatitanic acid particle according to claim 5 , wherein the aromatic hydrocarbon group ...

METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PRAZIQUANTEL AND PRECURSORS THEREOF

The present invention provides methods of preparing Praziquantel, in particular (R)-Praziquantel and analogues thereof in a stereoselective manner. One method involves asymmetric hydrogenation of the following intermediate compound 2. Method according to claim 1 , wherein R is methyl or cyclohexyl.3. Method according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture comprises either the compound according to Formula (X1) or the compound according to Formula (X2) in excess and wherein the hydrogenation step is an asymmetric hydrogenation step in the presence of a catalyst.4. Method according to claim 3 , wherein the compound according to Formula (X1) is present in the mixture in an enantiomeric excess of at least 10% claim 3 , preferably at least 20% claim 3 , more preferably at least 30% claim 3 , at least 40% claim 3 , at least 50% claim 3 , at least 60 claim 3 , at least 70% claim 3 , most preferably at least 80%.5. Method according to claim 3 , wherein the catalyst is an iridium based catalyst.6. Method according to claim 5 , wherein the catalyst comprises an iridium compound in combination with a chiral phosphine ligand.8. Method according to claim 3 , wherein the asymmetric hydrogenation step in the presence of a catalyst is carried out involving at least one of:elevated temperature, which temperature is preferably at least 60° C., for instance at least 80° C., at least 90° C. or at least 100° C.;a solvent selected from dioxane, THF, Me-THF, IPA, DCE, DCM, ethyl acetate, toluene, α,α,α-trifluorotoluene, xylene, preferably m-xylene or p-xylene, mesitylene or a mixture of any two or more thereof;{'sub': 2', '3', '4', '4, 'at least one additive, which is preferably selected from iodine (I), iodide, phosphoric acid (HPO), acetic acid (AcOH), HI, HBF, preferably in an amount of at least 5 mol %, more preferably at least 50 mol %, more preferably at least 100 mol %;'}a substrate concentration of at least 0.05 mmol/l, for instance at least 10 mmol/l, at least 100 mmol/l;a catalyst ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING A CATALYTIC SYSTEM COMPRISING A RARE-EARTH METALLOCENE

A one-pot process for preparing a preformed catalytic system based on a rare-earth metallocene in a hydrocarbon solvent in three performed steps. 1. A process for preparing a catalytic system , which catalytic system is based at least:on a preforming monomer selected from the group consisting of conjugated dienes, ethylene and a mixture thereof,on a metallocene of formula (I) or of formula (II), [{'br': None, 'sub': '2', '{P(Cp*)Y}\u2003\u2003(I)'}, {'br': None, 'sub': '2', '(Cp*)Y\u2003\u2003(II)'}], 'on an organometallic compound as cocatalyst,'}Y denoting a group comprising a metal atom which is a rare earth metal,Cp*, which are identical or different, being selected from the group consisting of fluorenyl groups, cyclopentadienyl groups and indenyl groups, the groups being substituted or unsubstituted, 'which process comprises the following reactions a), b) and c):', 'P being a group that bridges the two Cp* groups, and that comprises a silicon or carbon atom,'} [{'br': None, 'sup': a', '1a, 'sub': '2a', 'P(Cp)(Cp)\u2003\u2003(Ia)'}, {'br': None, 'sup': '3a', 'Cp\u2003\u2003(IIa)'}], 'a) synthesizing the metallocene in a hydrocarbon solvent from a salt of the rare-earth metal and a proligand, compound of formula (Ia) or (IIa), in the presence of a base'}{'sup': 1a', '2a, 'Cpand Cp, which are identical or different, being selected from the group consisting of fluorenyl groups, cyclopentadienyl groups and indenyl groups, the groups being substituted or unsubstituted,'}{'sup': '3a', 'Cpbeing selected from the group consisting of fluorene, substituted fluorenes, cyclopentadiene, substituted cyclopentadienes, indene and substituted indenes,'}{'sup': a', '1a', '2a, 'Pbeing a bridge connecting Cpand Cp, and comprising a silicon or carbon atom,'}b) reacting the cocatalyst with the metallocene in the reaction medium resulting from reaction a),c) reacting the preforming monomer with the product of the reaction b) in the reaction medium resulting from reaction b).2. A ...

PROCESS AND CATALYSTS FOR THE OXIDATION AND/OR AMMOXIDATION OF OLEFIN

Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a catalyst and/or a precatalyst, in particular a single site catalyst and/or a single site precatalyst, for the oxidation and/or ammoxidation of olefins to produce aldehydes and/or nitriles, methods of preparing a corresponding catalyst and/or precatalyst, in particular single site catalyst and/or single site precatalyst, and methods of using said catalyst and/or precatalyst, in particular said single site catalyst and/or single site precatalyst, to produce aldehydes and/or nitriles. 1. A catalyst , comprising:a support including one or more of inorganic oxide, silicon-modified inorganic oxide, and bismuth-modified inorganic oxide; and an inorganic and/or organometallic complex grafted on the support; wherein the complex includes one or more of Group V elements, Group VI elements, and Group VII elements.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the support includes one or more of silica claim 1 , bismuth oxide claim 1 , bismuth-modified silica claim 1 , and silicon-modified bismuth oxide.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the complex includes one or more of Mo claim 1 , W claim 1 , Cr claim 1 , and Re.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein an active metal content of the catalyst is less than about 20 wt %.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is a single-site catalyst.13. A method of making one or more of aldehydes and nitriles claim 1 , comprising:contacting an olefin and one or more of oxygen and ammonia in a presence of a catalyst to produce one or more of aldehydes and nitriles; wherein the catalyst is a single-site catalyst including an inorganic and/or organometallic complex grafted on a support.14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the contacting proceeds at a temperature ranging from about 350° C. to about 450° C.15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the olefin includes one or more of a terminal olefin and internal olefin.16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the olefin includes hydrocarbons with 2 to 5 ...

PERFLUOROALKYL GROUP-CONTAINING BISMUTH COMPOUNDS AS LEWIS ACID CATALYSTS

The invention relates to perfluoroalkyl group-containing bismuth compounds as Lewis acid catalysts, to specific compounds, and to the method for the production thereof. 1. A method for Lewis acid catalysis of a reaction , comprising performing said reaction in the presence of at least one compound of formula (I) as the Lewis acid catalyst{'br': None, 'sub': m', '2m+1', 'n', '3-n, '(CF)BiX\u2003\u2003(I),'}whereinm in each case, independently of one another, denotes 2, 3 or 4;n denotes 1, 2 or 3 and{'sub': 2', '3, 'X denotes F, Cl, Br or OSOCF.'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the perfluoroalkyl group (CF) in formula (I) is the same on each occurrence.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein m denotes 2 or 4.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein X denotes Cl.5. A compound according to claim 12 , which is of formula (I){'br': None, 'sub': m', '2m+1', 'n', '3-n, '(CF)BiX\u2003\u2003(I),'}whereinm in each case, independently of one another, denotes 2, 3 or 4;n denotes 1 or 2 and{'sub': 2', '3, 'X denotes F, Cl, Br or OSOCF.'}6. A method according to claim 5 , wherein X denotes Cl.7. A process for preparing the compound of formula (I) claim 5 ,{'br': None, 'sub': m', '2m+1', 'n', '3-n, '(CF)BiX\u2003\u2003(I),'}whereinm in each case, independently of one another, denotes 2, 3 or 4;n denotes 3 and{'sub': 2', '3, 'X denotes F, Cl, Br or OSOCF,'} {'br': None, 'sub': m', '2m+1', 'n, '(CF)Li\u2003\u2003(II),'}, 'comprising reacting compound of formula (II)'}whereinm denotes 2, 3 or 4,with bismuth trichloride, bismuth tribromide or bismuth tristriflate, where the conditions of the reaction are that both the water content and the oxygen content are a maximum of 100 ppm.8. A process for preparing the compound of claim 5 , comprising reacting a compound of formula (II){'br': None, 'sub': m', '2m+1', 'n, '(CF)Li\u2003\u2003(II),'}whereinm in each case, independently of one another, denotes 2, 3 or 4, with dichloroarylbismuthane or chloro(diaryl)bismuthane, ...

METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS TO ACHIEVE LONG-TERM STABLE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN SILICONE MATERIAL WITH CARBON BLACK AS CONDUCTIVE FILLERS

Electrically conductive or semi-conductive curable silicone compositions with stable long term electrical resistivity/resistance are provided comprising a mixture of furnace black and acetylene black as conductive fillers. Methods for preparing the electrically conductive or semi-conductive curable silicone compositions and uses of the electrically conductive or semi-conductive curable silicone compositions are also provided. 1. A curable silicone composition X , wherein the curable silicone composition X comprises:(A) a silicone base comprising at least one organosilicon component A which cures via condensation-curing reaction;(B) a combination of at least two types of carbon black CB, in which at least one carbon black is a furnace black CB1 and at least one carbon black is an acetylene black CB2; and(C) a condensation catalyst C;(D) at least one crosslinking agent D; and(E) optionally, an adhesion promoter E.2. The curable silicone composition X according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one organosilicon component A is a hydroxyl-endcapped polydiorganosiloxane.3. The curable silicone composition X according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one organosilicon component A is a blend of hydroxyl-endcapped polydiorganosiloxanes.4. The curable silicone composition X according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one organosilicon component A is a blend of at least three polydiorganosiloxanes having a hydroxyl group at both ends (A1 claim 1 , A2 claim 1 , and A3) claim 1 , wherein the hydroxyl-endcapped polydiorganosiloxane A1 has a viscosity between about 100 to about 10 claim 1 ,000 mPa·s at 25° C.; the hydroxyl-endcapped polydiorganosiloxane A2 has a viscosity between about 5 claim 1 ,000 to about 25 claim 1 ,000 mPa·s at 25° C.; and the hydroxyl-endcapped polydiorganosiloxane A3 has a viscosity between about 20 claim 1 ,000 to about 100 claim 1 ,000 mPa·s at 25° C.5. The curable silicone composition X according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace black CB1 has a BET ...

Water-absorbent resin particles and method for producing same

Provided is a method for producing water-absorbent resin particles, which is capable of improving the gel strength for the purpose of achieving a good balance between the absorption under load and the rate of liquid permeation through gel. The present invention is a method for producing water-absorbent resin particles, which is characterized by comprising a step wherein a monomer composition containing a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and/or a vinyl monomer (a2) that turns into a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) by means of hydrolysis and a crosslinking agent (b) is polymerized in the presence of at least one organic main group element compound selected from the group consisting of organic iodine compounds, organic tellurium compounds, organic antimony compounds, and organic bismuth compounds.

Method for in-situ formation of metathesis catalysts

Synthetic methods for the in-situ formation of olefin metathesis catalysts are disclosed, as well as the use of such catalysts in metathesis reactions of olefins and olefin compounds. In one aspect, a method is provided for synthesizing an organometallic compound of the formula comprising contacting a precursor compound of the formula (X 1 X 2 ML j L 1 k L 3 m ) i with an acetylenic compound comprising a chelating moiety, optionally, in the presence of a neutral electron donor, wherein M is a Group 8 transition metal, L, L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 are neutral electron donors, X 1 and X 2 are anionic ligands, j is 1, 2, or 3; k is zero, 1, or 2; m is zero or 1; n is 1 or 2; and i is an integer; with the proviso that k is zero when the precursor compound is contacted with the acetylenic compound in the presence of the neutral electron donor, and R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heteroatom-containing hydrocarbyl, substituted heteroatom-containing hydrocarbyl, and functional groups, wherein R 1 and R 2 are linked and together form one or more cyclic groups, R 2 and L 2 are linked and together form one or more cyclic groups, and any other two or more of X 1 , X 2 , L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , R 1 , and R 2 can be taken together to form one or more cyclic groups. The invention has utility in the fields of catalysis, organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, and industrial and fine chemicals chemistry.

DYNAMIC NETWORKS FOR RECYCLING THERMOSET POLYMERS

Methods for recycling thermoset polymers, particularly by changing them into dynamic networks with the use of an appropriate catalyst solution which transforms the thermoset polymer into a vitrimer-like composition. The methods include the step of swelling a crosslinked thermoset polymer in a solution including a catalyst, whereby the catalyst diffuses into the thermoset polymer, in particular into the thermoset network. Upon removal of the liquid portion of the solution, such as solvent, the catalyst facilitates the occurrence of exchange reactions at elevated temperatures, rendering the system a dynamic network. The vitrimerized composition having the thermoset polymer and catalyst is recyclable and processable and thus suitable for many end uses. 1. A vitrimer-like composition , comprising:a crosslinked polymer and a catalyst infused in a network comprising the crosslinked polymer, wherein the composition is a dynamic network.2. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises polyurethane claim 1 , and wherein the catalyst comprises tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate.3. The composition according to claim 2 , wherein the polyurethane is derived from a composition comprising polycaprolactone triol and 1 claim 2 ,4-phenylene diisocyanate.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the crosslinked polymer comprises epoxy and a curing agent.5. The composition according to claim 4 , wherein the epoxy comprises diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A and the curing agent comprises a fatty acid.6. The composition according to claim 5 , wherein the catalyst comprises tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate or zinc acetylacetonate.7. A composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further includes nanoparticles.8. A composition according to claim 7 , wherein the nanoparticles are present in an amount from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight based on the total weight of the composition.9. A composition according to claim 8 , wherein the nanoparticles ...

System and method for manufacturing ester-based composition

The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for manufacturing an ester-based composition which are characterized in sequentially operating a plurality of batch reactors, and since an ester-based composition is semi-continuously manufactured, the productivity is high and the stability of a batch reactor is secured.

CATALYST SYSTEM USED IN OLEFIN OLIGOMERIZATION AND METHOD FOR OLEFIN OLIGOMERIZATION

The invention relates to the field of oligomerization of olefins to produce linear α-olefins, in particular hexene-1, with the use of a catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a chromium source compound, a nitrogen-containing ligand, alkylaluminum, and a zinc compound, wherein catalyst system is activated during its preparation by 1) heating some and SHF irradiation (microwave irradiation) of alkylaluminum or a mixture of the alkylaluminum and the zinc compound, or by 2) heating alkylaluminum or a mixture of the alkylaluminum and the zinc compound, followed by holding (aging) the prepared catalyst system for a certain period of time. 1. A method for preparing a catalyst system used in a process of oligomerization of olefins , comprising mixing a chromium source compound , a nitrogen-containing ligand , alkylaluminum , and a zinc compound , characterized in that the alkylaluminum or a mixture of the alkylaluminum and the zinc compound is activated by heating and SHF irradiation (microwave irradiation) prior to the mixing thereof with the other components of the catalyst system.2. The method of characterized in that the chromium source compound is a compound of the general formula CrX claim 1 , wherein X are the same or different organic or non-organic substituents claim 1 , and n is an integer of from 1 to 6.3. The method of characterized in that X are organic substituents comprising 1 to 20 carbon atoms claim 2 , selected from the group including alkyl claim 2 , alkoxy claim 2 , carboxy claim 2 , acetylacetonate claim 2 , amino claim 2 , and amido; or non-organic substituents selected from the group including halides claim 2 , sulfates claim 2 , and chromium oxides.4. The method of any one of to characterized in that the chromium source compound is a compound selected from the group including chromium (III) chloride claim 2 , chromium (III) acetate claim 2 , chromium (III) 2-ethylhexanoate claim 2 , chromium (III) acetylacetonate claim 2 , chromium (III) ...

Method for continuous production of tetraalkoxysilane

The present disclosure relates to a method for producing tetraalkoxysilane continuously through direction of silicon metal with alcohol. In the method, a basic catalyst prepared in the absence of a solvent is used. Thus, it is possible to increase the proportion of the catalyst in the process, and to minimize production of impurities caused by solvent decomposition. In addition, it is possible to improve reaction efficiency and to simplify the purification process as compared to the method based on direct reaction according to the related art, and thus to produce tetraalkoxysilane with significantly higher cost efficiency as compared to the related art.

Nanoparticles of co complexes of zero-valent metals that can be used as hydrosilylation and dehydrogenative silylation catalysts

Nanoparticles that can be used as hydrosilylation and dehydrogenative silylation catalysts. The nanoparticles have at least one transition metal with an oxidation state of 0, chosen from the metals of columns 8, 9 and 10 of the periodic table, and at least one carbonyl ligand, preferably a silicide.

Methods of preparing oligomers of an olefin

Methods of preparing oligomers of an olefin are provided. The methods can include providing an alkylaluminum compound and irradiating the alkylaluminum compound with microwave radiation to provide an irradiated alkylaluminum compound. The methods can further include mixing the irradiated alkylaluminum compound with a chromium compound, a pyrrole compound, and a zinc compound to provide a catalyst composition. The methods can further include contacting an olefin with the composition to form oligomers of the olefin. The olefin can include ethylene, and the oligomers of the olefin can include 1-hexene.

ORGANOTIN CATALYSTS IN ESTERIFICATION PROCESSES OF FURAN-2,5-DICARBOXYLIC ACID (FDCA)

A method for preparing sugar-based mono and diesters is described. The process entails the esterification of 2,5-furan-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) with an alcohol in the presence of low loadings of a homogeneous organotin (IV) catalyst. 1: A process of preparing esters of furan-2 ,5-dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) comprising: reacting FDCA with at least an alcohol or a mixture of different alcohols in either an alcohol or diester solvent matrix in the presence of a homogeneous organotin catalyst at a loading level of up to 10 mol. % for a reaction time and temperature sufficient to esterify said FDCA and produce a di-ester species at a FDCA conversion of at least 80 mol. % , and a di-ester yield of at least 5 mol. % greater than a comparable amount of Brønsted acid catalyst.2: The process according to claim 1 , wherein said alcohol is either an aliphatic claim 1 , having C-Cchain claim 1 , or aromatic alcohol species.3: The process according to claim 2 , wherein said alcohol is selected from the group consisting of: methanol claim 2 , ethanol claim 2 , propanol claim 2 , isopropanol claim 2 , n-butanol claim 2 , sec-butanol claim 2 , isobutanol claim 2 , n-pentanol claim 2 , 2-pentanol claim 2 , 3-pentanol claim 2 , n-hexanol claim 2 , isohexanol claim 2 , 2-ethylhexanol claim 2 , heptanol claim 2 , octanol claim 2 , nonanol claim 2 , decanol claim 2 , phenol claim 2 , benzyl alcohol claim 2 , and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.4: The process according to claim 1 , wherein either said alcohol solvent matrix or di-ester matrix is sufficient to dissolve said FDCA at about 50 wt. % to about 99 wt. % relative to an amount of FDCA.5: The process according to claim 4 , wherein either said alcohol solvent matrix or di-ester solvent matrix is at about 75 wt % to about 97 wt. % relative to an amount of FDCA.6: The process according to claim 1 , wherein a tin ion of said organotin catalyst is Sn (IV).7: The process according to claim 1 , wherein said organotin catalyst has at least one tin- ...

Method and catalyst for selective oligomerization of ethylene

The present disclosure provides a method and a catalyst for selective oligomerization of ethylene. The raw material for the catalyst consists of a dehydropyridine annulene-type ligand, a transition metal compound, and an organometallic compound in a molar ratio of 1:0.5-100:0.1-5000. The present disclosure also provides a method for selective oligomerization of ethylene accomplished by using the above-mentioned catalyst. The catalyst for selective oligomerization of ethylene has high catalytic activity, high selectivity for the target products 1-hexene and 1-octene, and low selectivity for 1-butene and 1-C10+.

CATALYST FOR USE IN ESTERIFICATION REACTION AND METHOD FOR CATALYZING ESTERIFICATION REACTION

A catalyst for use in esterification reaction is provided. The catalyst is formed by reacting a mixture including at least one first compound and at least one second compound. The at least one first compound is a metal alkoxide, an inorganic metal salt, a metal carboxylate salt, an inorganic metal compound, or a combination thereof, and each foregoing compound has titanium, aluminum, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, or bismuth. The at least one second compound is an alpha hydroxyl acid, an alkyl ester formed by an alpha hydroxyl acid and an alcohol, an alkyl amide formed by an alpha hydroxyl acid and an amine, an amino acid, an alkyl ester formed by an amino acid and an alcohol, an alkyl amide formed by an amino acid and an amine, or a combination thereof. 1. A catalyst for use in an esterification reaction , the catalyst formed by reacting a mixture comprising at least one first compound and at least one second compound , whereinthe at least one first compound is a metal alkoxide, an inorganic metal salt, a metal carboxylate salt, an inorganic metal compound, or a combination thereof, which have titanium, aluminum, zirconium, hafnium, zinc, or bismuth; andthe at least one second compound is an alpha hydroxyl acid, an alkyl ester formed by an alpha hydroxyl acid and an alcohol, an alkyl amide formed by an alpha hydroxyl acid and an amine, an amino acid, an alkyl ester formed by an amino acid and an alcohol, an alkyl amide formed by an amino acid and an amine, or a combination thereof.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the metal alkoxide having titanium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , hafnium claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , or bismuth claim 1 , has a formula of M(OR)(OR)(OR)(OR) claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , R claim 1 , and Rare independently C-Calkyl groups claim 1 , when M is titanium claim 1 , zirconium claim 1 , or hafnium claim 1 , x=1 and y=1 claim 1 , when M is aluminum or bismuth claim 1 , x=1 and y=0 claim 1 , and when M is zinc claim 1 , x=0 and y= ...

Activating supports

Activating supports may be suitably prepared by combining (a) a fluorine-containing compound of formula: €ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ€ƒ R(Fn) - X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1 - 41 X is OH, SH or NR' 2 R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl, and an organometallic compound, (b) addition of a porous mineral oxide support material, (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The activating supports are suitable used in combination with single site catalysts for the polymerization of olefins. The supports are most preferably used in combination with metallocene complexes. The preparative route for the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior art methods and also provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities.

Transition metal olefin polymerization processes

This invention relates to processes using non-Group 4 transition metal compositions useful as olefin polymerization catalysts, wherein the transition metal is in a high oxidation state. The invention further relates to design of new ligand systems and methods of preparing and using the same. Compositions useful as catalyst precursors are neutral transition metal complexes comprising the unique ligand systems of the invention. The inventive compositions may be activated to a catalytic state by ion-exchange reagents or by Lewis acids.

Activating supports

Activating supports may be suitably prepared by (a) combining (i) fluorine-containing compounds having a reactive group and (ii) an organometallic compound, (b) addition of a porous mineral oxide support material, (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The preferred fluorine-containing compounds have the formula: R(Fn) − X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1 - 41, X is OH, SH or NR' 2 , R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The activating supports are suitable used in combination with transition metal catalysts for the polymerization of olefins. The supports are most preferably used in combination with metallocene complexes. The preparative route for the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior art methods and also provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities. Polymers produced by use of the activating supports exhibit improved rheology properties.

Process for forming a catalyst precursor for copolymerizing ethylene and an alpha-olefin of 3 to 10 carbon atoms

A process is described for forming a catalyst precursor, for copolymerizing ethylene and an alpha-olefin of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, by preparing a contact mixture of an inert solvent, dibutylmagnesium and tetraalkyl orthosilicate which is free of precipitate and adding silica to the contact mixture to form a slurry to form a supported catalyst precursor. Titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

Production of polyethylene with a wide molecular mass distribution

FIELD: polymer production. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to utilization of chromium-based catalysts with aluminosilicate activators and provides a chromium-bearing supported catalyst comprising chromium dioxide, silica, and organoaluminum compound, the layer being added to polymerization reactor in situ. EFFECT: improved catalytic efficiency and enabled controlling degree of polymer chain branching while simultaneously preserving sufficient productivity level. 14 cl, 36 dwg, 14 tbl, 74 ex ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß (19) RU (11) 2 304 149 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C08F C08F C08F C08F C08F C08F ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ÑÎÁÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÑÒÈ, ÏÀÒÅÍÒÀÌ È ÒÎÂÀÐÍÛÌ ÇÍÀÊÀÌ (12) 10/02 2/34 2/18 4/02 4/24 4/14 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ÎÏÈÑÀÍÈÅ ÈÇÎÁÐÅÒÅÍÈß Ê ÏÀÒÅÍÒÓ (21), (22) Çà âêà: 2005123719/04, 05.12.2003 (24) Äàòà íà÷àëà îòñ÷åòà ñðîêà äåéñòâè ïàòåíòà: 05.12.2003 (30) Êîíâåíöèîííûé ïðèîðèòåò: 27.12.2002 (ïï.1-10, 14) US 60/436,790 20.11.2003 (ïï.11-13) US 10/716,291 (43) Äàòà ïóáëèêàöèè çà âêè: 27.05.2006 (45) Îïóáëèêîâàíî: 10.08.2007 Áþë. ¹ 22 (56) Ñïèñîê äîêóìåíòîâ, öèòèðîâàííûõ â îò÷åòå î ïîèñêå: US 5198400 À, 30.03.1993. US 6326443 Â1, 04.12.2001. RU 2177954 Ñ2, 10.01.2002. US 5910299 A, 08.06.1999. WO 0194428 A1, 13.12.2001. 2 3 0 4 1 4 9 R U (86) Çà âêà PCT: US 03/40138 (05.12.2003) C 2 C 2 (85) Äàòà ïåðåâîäà çà âêè PCT íà íàöèîíàëüíóþ ôàçó: 27.07.2005 (87) Ïóáëèêàöè PCT: WO 2004/060923 (22.07.2004) Àäðåñ äë ïåðåïèñêè: 101000, Ìîñêâà, Ì.Çëàòîóñòèíñêèé ïåð., 10, êâ.15, "ÅÂÐÎÌÀÐÊÏÀÒ", ïàò.ïîâ. È.À.Âåñåëèöêîé, ðåã. ¹ 11 (54) ÏÎËÓ×ÅÍÈÅ ÏÎËÈÝÒÈËÅÍÀ Ñ ØÈÐÎÊÈÌ ÌÎËÅÊÓËßÐÍÎ-ÌÀÑÑÎÂÛÌ ÐÀÑÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈÅÌ (57) Ðåôåðàò: Èçîáðåòåíèå îòíîñèòñ ê ïðèìåíåíèþ êàòàëèçàòîðîâ íà õðîìîâîé îñíîâå ñ àëþìîàëêèëüíûìè àêòèâàòîðàìè. Îïèñàí íàíåñåííûé íà íîñèòåëü õðîìîâûé êàòàëèçàòîð, âêëþ÷àþùèé: îêñèä õðîìà, ñîäåðæàùèé äèîêñèä êðåìíè íîñèòåëü, âêëþ÷àþùèé äèîêñèä êðåìíè , âûáðàííûé èç ãðóïïû, âêëþ÷àþùåé äèîêñèä êðåìíè , è àëþìèíèéîðãàíè÷åñêîå ñîåäèíåíèå, ãäå óïîì íóòîå ...

High activity catalysts for the preparation of polyethylene with an intermediate molecular weight distribution

Olefin polymerization catalyst

High activity polyethylene catalysts prepared with alkoxysilane reagents

There is disclosed a highly active catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins prepared by treating a support with an organomagnesium composition and contacting the thus formed solid support, containing magnesium, with a silane compound of the empirical formula R.sup.1.sub.x SiR.sup.2.sub.y wherein Si is silicon atom; x is 1, 2, 3, or 4 and y is 0, 1, 2, or 3, provided that x+y is 4; R 1 is R w --O-- wherein O is oxygen and R w is hydrocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R 2 is halogen or hydrocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or hydrogen and a transition metal compound, e.g., a tetravalent titanium compound. This catalyst is particularly useful for the production of linear low density polyethylene polymers. Also disclosed are methods of preparing polymers with the catalyst composition and the resulting polymers.

High activity polyethylene catalysts

An ethylene polymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous support, such as silica, with an organomagnesium compound such as a dialkylmagnesium compound, contacting the magnesium-containing support with a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraalkoxysilanes, e.g. tetraethyl orthosilicate, and incorporating a transition metal component, such as titanium tetrachloride, in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of this catalyst precursor with dimethylaluminum chloride as a cocatalyst results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers with multimodal molecular weight distributions.

High activity polyethylene catalysts prepared with alkoxysilane reagents

An ethylene copolymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous support, such as silica, with an organomagnesium compound such as a magnesium alkyl and contacting the magnesium-containing support with a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as a tetraalkyl orthosilicate, e.g. tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). A transition metal component such as titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

Formation of Ziegler-Natta catalyst

Methods of forming polyolefins and catalysts are described herein. Such methods generally include forming Ziegler-Natta catalyst compounds in the absence of one or more blended compounds typically used to form such catalyst.

Transition metal olefin polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to non-Group 4 transition metal compositions useful as olefin polymerization catalysts, wherein the transition metal is in a high oxidation state. The invention further relates to design of new ligand systems and methods of preparing and using the same. Compositions useful as catalyst precursors are neutral transition metal complexes comprising the unique ligand systems of the invention. The inventive compositions may be activated to a catalytic state by ion-exchange reagents or by Lewis acids.

Catalyst for the manufacture of polythylene with a narrow molecular weight distribution

An ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a porous support, such as silica, with a contact mixture of an organomagnesium compound such as dialkyl magnesium and a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate. A transition metal component such as titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support in a specific ratio to the magnesium and silane components. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

Compositions formed from hydroxyaluminoxane and their use as catalyst components

Surprisingly stable olefin polymerization co-catalysts formed from hydroxyaluminoxanes are revealed. In one embodiment of the invention, a solid composition of matter is formed from a hydroxyaluminoxane and a treating agent, whereby the rate of OH-decay for the solid composition is reduced as compared to that of the hydroxyaluminoxane. Processes for converting a hydroxyaluminoxane into a such a solid composition of matter, supported catalysts formed from such solid compositions of matter, as well as methods of their use, are described.

Stable catalysts and co-catalyst compositions formed from hydroxyaluminoxane and their use

Surprisingly stable olefin polymerization catalysts and co-catalysts formed from hydroxyaluminoxanes are revealed. In one embodiment of the invention, a solid composition of matter is formed from a hydroxyaluminoxane and a treating agent, whereby the rate of OH-decay for the solid composition is reduced as compared to that of the hydroxyaluminoxane. Gelatinous compositions of matter formed from hydroxyaluminoxane and having similar stability characteristics are also disclosed. Processes for converting a hydroxyaluminoxane into a such compositions of matter, supported catalysts formed from such co-catalyst compositions of matter, as well as methods of their use, are described.

High activity catalysts for the preparation of polyethylene with an intermediate molecular weight distribution

A supported alpha-olefin polymerization catalyst composition of this invention of improved activity as measured by productivity is prepared in a multi-step process. An ethylene homopolymerization or ethylene copolymerization catalyst is formed by: (i) providing a slurry of a solid porous inorganic support having reactive hydroxyl (-OH) groups and a non-polar solvent; (ii) impregnating said support having -OH groups, with RMgR' compound, to form an intermediate, which intermediate has an -OH group:Mg ratio of less than 1, wherein each of said R and R' is alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms and is the same or different; (iii) treating the intermediate with TiC14 to form a titanium containing intermediate which has an -OH group:Ti ratio of less than 1; (iv) reacting the titanium containing intermediate with an amount of oxygen containing electron donor containing 1 to 15 carbon atoms, combining the electron donor treated titanium containing intermediate with triethylaluminum to form the catalyst. The catalyst also produces polymers having relatively intermediate molecular weight distribution.

Catalyst for polymerization of olefins and process for polymerization of olefins with use of said catalyst

A catalyst for polymerization of olefins comprising a solid catalyst component and an organic metal compound, said solid catalyst component being obtained by reacting a transition metal halogen compound with a reaction product between a Grignard reagent and an organic silicon compound selected from the group consisting of chain or cyclic hydropolysiloxanes having structural units expressed by the formula WHEREIN R is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, aryl groups, aralkyl groups and aryloxy groups, a is an integer of 0, 1 or 2, and b is an integer of 1, 2 or 3 with the proviso that the sum of a and b does not exceed 3, AND ORGANIC SILICON COMPOUNDS HAVING IN THE MOLECULE ORGANIC AND HYDROXYL GROUPS BONDED TO THE SILICON ATOM, AND A PROCESS FOR POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINS WITH USE OF SUCH CATALYST.

High activity catalyst prepared with alkoxysilanes

An ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymerization catalyst is prepared by impregnating a silica calcined at elevated temperature sequentially with an organomagnesium compound such as dialkylmagnesium compound, a silane compound which is free of hydroxyl groups, such as tetraethyl orthosilicate. A transition metal component such as titanium tetrachloride is then incorporated into the support. Unexpectedly, the calcination temperature of the silica used to prepare the catalyst precursors has a strong influence on polymer product properties. By increasing the calcination temperature of the silica from 600° to 700° C. or higher temperatures, a catalyst precursor when activated produced ethylene/1-hexene copolymers with narrower molecular weight distributions (MWD) as manifested by a decrease of resin MFR values of ˜3-4 units. Activation of this catalyst precursor with a trialkylaluminum compound results in a catalyst system which is effective for the production of ethylene copolymers.

High activity polyethylene catalysts prepared with alkoxysilane reagents

There is disclosed a highly active catalyst composition for polymerizing alpha-olefins prepared by treating a support with an organomagnesium composition and contacting the thus formed solid support, containing magnesium, with a silane compound of the empirical formula R1xSiR2y wherein Si is silicon atom; x is 1, 2, 3, or 4 and y is 0, 1, 2, or 3, provided that x+y is 4; R1 is Rw-O- wherein O is oxygen and Rw is hydrocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; and R2 is halogen or hydrocarbyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or hydrogen and a transition metal compound, e.g., a tetravalent titanium compound. This catalyst is particularly useful for the production of linear low density polyethylene polymers. Also disclosed are methods of preparing polymers with the catalyst composition and the resulting polymers.

OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTS BASED ON TRANSITIONAL METALS

Catalytic control of the mwd of a broad/bimodal resin in a single reactor

A make-up catalyst of at least one metallic component of a bimetallic catalyst component is used in conjuction with a bimetallic catalyst to control the proportion of weight fractions in broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution olefin resin product. The bimetallic catalyst produces broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution polyolefin resin whose composition depends on the ratio of the concentration of the two catalyst components producing the HMW/LMW components. The make-up catalyst consisting of single metal component is added in proportion necessary to make-up the deficiencies in the amount to the HMW/LMW component. The type of make-up catalyst added depends on whether increase of the HMW or LMW component produced by the bimetallic catalyst is sought.

Process for controlling the MWD of a broad/bimodal resin in a single reactor

A make-up catalyst of at least one metallic component of a bimetallic catalyst component is used in conjunction with a bimetallic catalyst to control the proportion of weight fractions in broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution olefin resin product. The bimetallic catalyst which is formed with at least one metallocene of a transition metal, produces broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution polyolefin resin whose composition depends on the ratio of the concentration of the two catalyst components producing the HMW/LMW components. The make-up catalyst consisting of a single metal component is added in proportion necessary to make-up the deficiencies in the amount of the HMW/LMW component. The type of make-up catalyst added depends on whether increase of the HMW or LMW component produced by the bimetallic catalyst is sought.

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

Processes for producing fluorided solid oxides and uses thereof in metallocene-based catalyst systems

Disclosed herein are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with an inorganic base to form an aqueous mixture having a pH of at least 4, followed by contacting a solid oxide with the aqueous mixture to produce the fluorided solid oxide. Also disclosed are methods for preparing fluorided solid oxides by contacting an acidic fluorine-containing compound with a solid oxide to produce a mixture, followed by contacting the mixture with a inorganic base to produce the fluorided solid oxide at a pH of at least about 4. The fluorided solid oxide can be used as an activator component in a catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins.

activation brackets

活化载体

活化载体，其可以合宜地通过如下制得：(a)将(i)具有反应性基团的含氟化合物与(ii)有机金属化合物结合，(b)加入多孔矿物氧化物载体材料，(c)在惰性气体下然后在含氧气氛下加热来自步骤(b)的经官能化的载体，以及(d)回收该活化载体。优选的含氟化合物具有式：R(Fn)–X，其中：R是具有至多20个非氢原子的烃基、取代的烃基、杂烃基或取代的杂烃基，n是1‑41，X是OH、SH或NR’ 2 ，R’是氢或者烃基。该活化载体适合与用于烯烃聚合的过渡金属催化剂组合使用。该载体最优选与茂金属络合物组合使用。用于该活化载体的制备路线比现有技术的方法更容易和更经济，并且还提供了具有优异活性的负载型聚合催化剂体系。使用该活化载体产生的聚合物表现出改善的流变性能。

Activating supports

Activating supports may be suitably prepared by (a) combining (i) fluorine-containing compounds having a reactive group and (ii) an organometallic compound, (b) addition of a porous mineral oxide support material, (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The preferred fluorine-containing compounds have the formula: R(Fn) − X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1 - 41, X is OH, SH or NR'2, R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The activating supports are suitable used in combination with transition metal catalysts for the polymerization of olefins. The supports are most preferably used in combination with metallocene complexes. The preparative route for the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior art methods and also provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities. Polymers produced by use of the activating supports exhibit improved rheology properties.

Активирующие подложки

1. Активирующая подложка, полученная путем проведения следующих стадий:(a) объединение (i) фторсодержащего соединения, содержащего реакционноспособную группу, и (ii) металлоорганического соединения,(b) добавление материала подложки - пористого неорганического оксида,(c) нагревание функционализированной подложки, полученной на стадии (b), в атмосфере инертного газа и затем в атмосфере, содержащей кислород, и(d) извлечение активирующей подложки.2. Активирующая подложка по п.1, в которой фторсодержащее соединение описывается формулой:R(Fn)-Х,в которой R обозначает гидрокарбил, замещенный гидрокарбил, гетерогидрокарбил или замещенный гетерогидрокарбил, содержащий не более 20 атомов, не являющихся атомами водорода,n равно 1-41,Х обозначает ОН, SH или NR',R' обозначает водород или гидрокарбил.3. Активирующая подложка по п.2, в которой n равно 1-6.4. Активирующая подложка по п.2 или 3, в которой Х обозначает ОН.5. Активирующая подложка по пп.1-3, в которой фторсодержащее соединение выбрано из группы, включающей пентафторфенол, 2,2,2-трифторэтанол или 1,1,1,3,3,3-гексафторпропан-2-ол.6. Активирующая подложка по пп.1-3, в которой металлоорганическим соединением является алкилированное производное алюминия или бора.7. Активирующая подложка по пп.1-3, в которой металлоорганическим соединением является алюминийорганическое соединение.8. Активирующая подложка по п.7, в которой металлоорганическим соединением является триэтилалюминий.9. Активирующая подложка по пп.1-3 и 8, в которой материалом подложки - пористым неорганическим оксидом является диоксид кремния.10. Активирующая подложка по пп.1-3 и 8, в которой функционализированную подложку, полученную на стади РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2013 132 342 A (51) МПК C08F 4/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2013132342/04, 14.12.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ИНЕОС ЮРОУП АГ (CH) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 15.12.2010 EP 10195224.0 ( ...

Activating supports

Activating supports

Activating supports are prepared by (a) combining (i) fluorine-containing compounds having a reactive group and (ii) an organometallic compound, (b) contacting a porous mineral oxide support material with the mixture from step (a), (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The fluorine-containing compounds may have the formula R(Fn)-X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1-41, X is OH, SH or NR′ 2 , R′ is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The activating supports are useful in combination with transition metal catalysts for polymerization of olefins, e.g., with metallocene complexes. Preparation of the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior methods and provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities. Polymers produced using the activating supports exhibit improved rheology properties.

Activating supports

Activating supports

Activating supports may be suitably prepared by (a) combining (i) fluorine-containing compounds having a reactive group and (ii) an organometallic compound, (b) addition of a porous mineral oxide support material, (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The preferred fluorine-containing compounds have the formula: R(Fn) − X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1 - 41, X is OH, SH or NR' 2 , R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The activating supports are suitable used in combination with transition metal catalysts for the polymerization of olefins. The supports are most preferably used in combination with metallocene complexes. The preparative route for the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior art methods and also provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities. Polymers produced by use of the activating supports exhibit improved rheology properties.

Activating supports

Activating supports may be suitably prepared by (a) combining (i) fluorine-containing compounds having a reactive group and (ii) an organometallic compound, (b) addition of a porous mineral oxide support material, (c) heating the functionalized support from step (b) under an inert gas and then under an atmosphere comprising oxygen, and (d) recovering the activating support. The preferred fluorine-containing compounds have the formula: R(Fn) − X wherein R is hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl with up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, n is 1 - 41, X is OH, SH or NR' 2 , R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl. The activating supports are suitable used in combination with transition metal catalysts for the polymerization of olefins. The supports are most preferably used in combination with metallocene complexes. The preparative route for the activating supports is easier and more economic than prior art methods and also provides for supported polymerization catalyst systems having excellent activities. Polymers produced by use of the activating supports exhibit improved rheology properties.

活化载体

活化载体，其可以合宜地通过如下制得：(a)将(i)具有反应性基团的含氟化合物与(ii)有机金属化合物结合，(b)加入多孔矿物氧化物载体材料，(c)在惰性气体下然后在含氧气氛下加热来自步骤(b)的经官能化的载体，以及(d)回收该活化载体。优选的含氟化合物具有式：R(Fn)–X，其中：R是具有至多20个非氢原子的烃基、取代的烃基、杂烃基或取代的杂烃基，n是1-41，X是OH、SH或NR’ 2 ，R’是氢或者烃基。该活化载体适合与用于烯烃聚合的过渡金属催化剂组合使用。该载体最优选与茂金属络合物组合使用。用于该活化载体的制备路线比现有技术的方法更容易和更经济，并且还提供了具有优异活性的负载型聚合催化剂体系。使用该活化载体产生的聚合物表现出改善的流变性能。

连续性添加剂及其在聚合工艺中的应用

本发明涉及一种催化剂组合物，其包含至少一种催化剂化合物和至少一种连续性添加剂(诸如多-氧-金属羧酸盐化合物)，及其在烯烃聚合中的用途。所述多-氧-金属羧酸盐化合物由下式表示：(MQO) n ，其中M是第2-14族的金属；Q是具有2-24个碳的羧酸基团；O是氧；n是介于3和25之间的整数。

Supported chromium oxide catalyst for the production of broad molecular weight polyethylene

The present invention is directed to the use of aluminum alkyl activators and co-catalysts to improve the performance of chromium-based catalysts. The aluminum alkyls allow for the variable control of polymer molecular weight, control of side branching while possessing desirable productivities, and may be applied to the catalyst directly or separately to the reactor. Adding the alkyl aluminum compound directly to the reactor (in-situ) eliminates induction times.

Cocatalysts for metallocene-based olefin polymerization catalyst systems

The invention relates to a catalyst composition for ethylene polymerization which comprises (1) a metallocene complex, (2) carbon tetrachloride or carbon tetrabromide, (3) an organomagnesium compound, (4) trimethylaluminum.

Transition metal olefin polymerization catalysts

This invention relates to non-Group 4 transition metal compositions useful as olefin polymerization catalysts, wherein the transition metal is in a high oxidation state. The invention further relates to design of new ligand systems and methods of preparing and using the same. Compositions useful as catalyst precursors are neutral transition metal complexes comprising the unique ligand systems of the invention. The inventive compositions may be activated to a catalytic state by ion-exchange reagents or by Lewis acids.

Doubly-conformationally locked, stereorigid catalysts for the preparation of tactiospecific polymers

Isospecific and/or syndiospecific catalysts and processes for the propagation or an isotactic and/or syndiotactic polymer chain derived from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which contains 3 or more carbon atoms or is a substituted vinyl compound. The catalysts comprise a double-conformationally locked metallocene and/or metallocene cation catalysts, characterized by having sterically dissimilar substituents such that the catalysts have overall either C s or C 2 (or pseudo-C s or C 2 ) symmetrically distributed. Methods are also described for the preparation and use of these unique catalysts.

Antifouling oligomerization catalyst systems

According to one embodiment, a catalyst system that reduces polymeric fouling may comprise at least one titanate compound, at least one aluminum compound, and at least one antifouling agent or a derivative thereof. The antifouling agent may comprise a structure comprising a central aluminum molecule bound to an R1 group, bound to an R2 group, and bound to an R3 group. One or more of the chemical groups R1, R2, and R3 may be antifouling groups comprising the structure —O((CH2)nO)mR4, where n is an integer from 1 to 20, m is an integer from 1 to 100, and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group. The chemical groups R1, R2, or R3 that do not comprise the antifouling group, if any, may be hydrocarbyl groups.