Sliding member and production method for same

A sliding member has a sliding surface of a different form than a conventional sliding surface, and exhibits stable sliding characteristics even under a high surface pressure. The sliding member has a sliding surface formed on a surface of a metal base material, and includes two surface textures: a hard part and a tough part. The tough part contacts with the hard part and has a hardness lower than that of the hard part. The sliding surface includes the surface texture, in which the hard part and the tough part that supports the hard part are present in a mixed fashion with a micro-meso region level, and stably exhibits excellent wear resistance.

Method for Nano-Structuring Polmer Materials Using Pulsed Laser Radiation in an Inert Atmosphere

In a method for generating a surface having a solid polymeric material, which has surface structures with dimensions in the sub-micrometer range, the untreated surface, on which the structures are to be generated and which are accessible to laser radiation, is scanned once or multiple times using a pulsed laser beam in an inert gas atmosphere in such a way that adjacent light spots of the laser beam adjoin each other in a gapless manner or overlap and a certain range of a specified relation between process parameters is observed.

LASER-INDUCED PLASMA DEBURRING

Processes and corresponding or associated arrangements for removal of a burr from a workpiece, particularly micromachined workpieces, involving irradiating a plasma plume source material with a laser beam to generate a plasma plume. The plasma plume at least in part impacts the burr disposed on the workpiece to at least in part remove the burr from the workpiece. In select embodiments, the plasma plume source material can be a part of the workpiece or a non-workpiece sacrificial material. 1. A process for removing a burr from a workpiece , the process comprising:irradiating a plasma plume source material with a laser beam to generate a plasma plume, the plasma plume at least in part impacting the burr disposed on the workpiece to at least in part remove the burr from the workpiece.2. The process of wherein the plasma plume source material is a solid object.3. The process of wherein the solid object is at least in part the workpiece.4. The process of wherein the solid object comprises a non-workpiece sacrificial material.5. The process of wherein the burr is at least in part disposed on an outer surface of the workpiece.6. The process of wherein the burr is disposed at least in part on a side wall of a blind hole or channel in the workpiece.7. The process of wherein the burr is disposed at least in part on a side wall of a through hole or channel in the workpiece.8. The process of wherein the plasma plume source material is a gaseous medium.9. The process of wherein the plasma plume source material is a liquid medium.10. The process of wherein the workpiece is a micromachined object.11. The process of wherein the laser beam is produced by a continuous wave laser.12. The process of wherein the laser beam is produced by a pulsed laser.13. A process for removing a burr from a micromachined workpiece claim 1 , the process comprising:irradiating a plasma plume source material solid object with a laser beam from a laser to generate a plasma plume, the plasma plume at least ...

LASER ABLATION METHOD FOR TREATING A COPPER ALLOY CONTAINING METALLIC SURFACE AND INCREASING HYDROPHOBICITY

A method of treating a metallic surface comprising a copper alloy, such as phosphor bronze, whereby the metallic surface is ablated by directing a laser beam with a diameter of 200-400 μm produced by a COlaser with a pulse frequency of 1200-1800 HZ onto the metallic surface, and a Nassist gas is concurrently applied with a pressure of 550-650 KPa co-axially with the laser beam to form an ablated metallic surface comprising microgrooves with CuN present on a surface of the microgrooves, wherein the ablated metallic surface has a higher surface hydrophobicity than the metallic surface prior to the ablating. 1: A method of treating a metallic surface comprising a copper alloy , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'ablating the metallic surface by directing a laser beam with a diameter of 100-400 μm produced by a COlaser with a pulse frequency of 1200-1800 Hz onto the metallic surface; and'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'concurrently exposing the metallic surface to a Nassist gas with a pressure of 550-650 KPa to form an ablated metallic surface comprising microgrooves with CuN present on a surface of the microgrooves;'}{'sub': '2', 'wherein the Nassist gas and the laser beam are oriented coaxially; and'}wherein the ablated metallic surface has a higher surface hydrophobicity than the metallic surface prior to the ablating.2: The method of claim 1 , wherein the copper alloy is phosphor bronze.3: The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam having a power in the range of 1.5-2.5 kW.4: The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam with a scanning speed in the range of 0.05-0.15 m·s.5: The method of claim 1 , wherein the ablating and concurrently exposing is performed such that laser scanning tracks are formed on the metallic surface and the overlapping ratio of the laser scanning tracks is in the range of 60-80% at the metallic surface6: The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam to a ...

METHOD FOR FORMING THREE-DIMENSIONAL ANCHORING STRUCTURES

A method for texturing a surface to form anchoring structures for a coating. The method includes: traversing an energy beam () along a path () on a solid substrate surface () to cause a melt pool () to move along the path; controlling power and motion parameters of the energy beam effective to establish a wave front () in the melt pool; and terminating the energy beam at an end () of the path when the wave front contains sufficient energy to create a protrusion () of material above the surface at the end of the path as the melt pool solidifies. 1. A method , comprising:traversing an energy beam along a path on a solid substrate surface to cause a melt pool to move along the path;controlling power and motion parameters of the energy beam effective to establish a wave front in the melt pool; andterminating the energy beam at an end of the path when the wave front contains sufficient energy to create a protrusion of material above the surface at the end of the path as the melt pool solidifies.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising forming the protrusion over adjacent unmelted solid substrate claim 1 , and solidifying the protrusion over the adjacent unmelted solid substrate.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising moving the energy beam across the solid substrate surface in only one direction of travel along a straight line claim 1 , and forming a divot in the solid substrate surface during the traversal that is elongated in the direction of travel of the energy beam.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising maintaining a constant power output of the energy beam during the traversal.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising positioning the energy beam so that it points into a direction of travel of the energy beam.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing an additional mechanical push to the melt pool to help form the protrusion.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the additional mechanical push comprises an assist gas configured to push ...

Method for forming three-dimensional anchoring structures on a surface

A method including: forming a melt pool ( 16 ) on a solid surface ( 12 ); applying an energy beam ( 10 ) to melt solid material ( 18 ) adjacent the melt pool; controlling the energy beam such that the melting of the solid material adjacent the melt pool creates a wave front ( 22 ) in the melt pool effective to form a protrusion ( 20 ) of material upon solidification.

ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE COPPER COMPONENTS AND JOINING PROCESSES THEREFOR

Methods of manufacturing electrically conductive copper components for electric devices and method of joining electrically conductive copper components are provided. Each of the electrically conductive copper components are manufactured to include a preexisting coating of joining material located on or adjacent to a joining surface thereof. 1. A method of manufacturing electrically conductive copper components for an electric device , the method comprising:providing an electrically conductive copper substrate having a first surface and an opposite second surface;performing a surface treatment process on the first surface of the substrate such that the first surface includes a plurality of peaks and valleys and exhibits a surface roughness (Rz) in the range of 10-100 μm;depositing a first continuous coating of an electrically conductive joining material on the first surface of the substrate; andforming the substrate into a plurality of electrically conductive copper components exhibiting a certain desired geometry,wherein each of the plurality of electrically conductive copper components includes a joining surface for establishing an electrical and mechanical connection with at least one other electrically conductive copper component, andwherein a first preexisting coating of joining material is located on or adjacent to the joining surface of each of the plurality of electrically conductive copper components.2. The method set forth in wherein the surface treatment process comprises:directing a pulsed laser beam at the first surface of the substrate such that each pulse of the laser beam impinges the first surface of the substrate and removes a portion of the substrate along the first surface; andadvancing the pulsed laser beam relative to the first surface of the substrate in accordance with a predetermined scanning profile such that each pulse of the pulsed laser beam produces a spot on the first surface of the substrate that partially overlaps a previously or ...

EDGE POLISHING A GLASS SUBSTRATE AFTER CUTTING

A method includes projecting energy onto an annular edge of a glass substrate. The annular edge includes a first roughness. The first roughness is reduced to a second roughness with the energy. The energy reduces the first roughness without changing a roundness of the annular edge of the glass substrate. 1. A method comprising:projecting energy onto an annular edge of a glass substrate, wherein the annular edge includes a first roughness; andreducing the first roughness to a second roughness with the energy, wherein the energy reduces the first roughness without changing a roundness of the annular edge of the glass substrate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes ablating portions of the annular edge.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reducing includes reflowing the annular edge.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy is projected from a plasma torch.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy is a laser beam.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy is laser guided plasma.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second roughness is below 0.5 μm rms.8. A method comprising:generating an energy column at an edge of a glass substrate, wherein the edge of the glass substrate includes a distribution of feature dimensions including higher feature dimensions and lower feature dimensions;rotating the edge of the glass substrate through the energy column; andreflowing the edge of the glass substrate with the energy column, wherein the reflowing reduces the higher feature dimensions to the lower feature dimensions.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein a roundness of the edge of the glass substrate is unaffected by the reflowing.10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:generating an additional energy column at the edge of the glass substrate;rotating the edge of a glass substrate through the additional energy column; andfurther reducing the higher feature dimensions to the lower feature dimensions with the additional energy column.11. The ...

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE MOLDED BODY

There is provided a method of manufacturing a composite molded body that can increase a processing speed and a joining strength in a different direction. The method of manufacturing a composite molded body in which a metal molded body and a resin molded body are joined, includes the steps of: continuously irradiating a joint surface of the metal molded body with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2,000 mm/sec or more by using a continuous-wave laser; and arranging, within a mold, a portion of the metal molded body including the joint surface irradiated with the laser light in the preceding step and performing injection molding of a resin forming the resin molded body, or performing compression molding in a state where a portion of the metal molded body including the joint surface irradiated with the laser light in the preceding step and a resin forming the resin molded body are made to contact with each other. 1. A method of manufacturing a composite molded body in which a metal molded body and a resin molded body are joined , the method comprising the steps of:continuously irradiating a joint surface of the metal molded body with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2,000 mm/sec or more by using a continuous-wave laser; andarranging, within a mold, a portion of the metal molded body including the joint surface irradiated with the laser light in the preceding step and performing injection molding of a resin forming the resin molded body.2. A method of manufacturing a composite molded body in which a metal molded body and a resin molded body are joined , the method comprising the steps of:continuously irradiating a joint surface of the metal molded body with laser light at an irradiation speed of 2,000 mm/sec or more by using a continuous-wave laser; andarranging, within a mold, a portion of the metal molded body including the joint surface irradiated with the laser light in the preceding step and performing compression molding in a state where at least the ...

Laser Shock Peening Method for Obtaining Large-Area Uniform Surface Morphology

Provided is a laser shock peening method for obtaining a large-area uniform surface morphology. Using the relationship between the thickness of an absorption layer and a plastic deformation due to the laser shock peening and using a grid-shaped absorption layer () having a staggered distribution in thickness in cooperation with a two-layer interlaced laser shock processing method significantly reduce the height difference between micro-protrusions () and micro-pits () produced by an impact of a square light spot, and effectively reduce the roughness of the workpiece surface such that a large-area uniform surface morphology is formed on the workpiece surface. 1. A laser shock peening (LSP) method to induce a uniform surface morphology with a large area wherein said method is characterized in that: a latticed absorbing layer that has interlaced thicknesses and a two-layer interleaved LSP is used in combination , wherein technological parameters of the two-layer LSP remain unchanged , and the distance between a starting position in the second layer and that of the first layer is a/2 along both X- and Y-directions , and wherein the method reduces a height difference between micro-convex and micro-concave caused by massive square-spots , reduces surface roughness of a work-piece , induces a uniform micromorphology with a large area , and has a uniform strengthening effect on the surface of the work-piece.2. The LSP method according to claim 1 , characterized by following steps:mount the work piece on a five-axis workbench and cover the latticed absorbing layer onto the surface work-piece to be processed;use a laser control device to set laser output power and laser parameters, modulate the round spot into square-spot, and the overlapping distance between both adjacent square-spots is set to f;use a numerical control system to adjust the five-axis workbench, so as to make the position of the laser beam and the corner of a single lattice of the absorbing layer overlapped ...

SURFACE STRUCTURING OF METALS

A method of treating a metallic surface comprising exposing the surface to laser pulses at an energy density below the threshold for ablation of bulk material from the metallic surface; maintaining the exposure until a multiplicity of pores form in the surface. 1. A method of treating a metallic surface comprising:exposing the surface to laser pulses at an energy density below the threshold for ablation of bulk material for the metallic surface; maintaining the exposure until a multiplicity of pores form in the surface.2. A method of treating a surface as defined in claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is the surface of a platinum electrode.3. A method of treating a surface as defined in claim 1 , wherein the exposure is maintained through a rippled surface effect until a porous surface structure is produced.4. A method of treating a surface as defined in claim 1 , wherein the step of exposing the surface to laser pulses is performed greater than 1000 times.5. A method of treating a surface as defined in claim 1 , wherein the surface is exposed to greater than 20000 laser pulses.6. A method of enhancing the electrochemical surface area of an electrode comprising treating the surface of the electrode by applying laser pulses at an energy density below the threshold for ablation of bulk material for the surface of the electrode and repeating the exposure until a porous surface is formed on the electrode.7. A method of enhancing the electrochemical surface area of an electrode as defined in claim 6 , wherein the exposure is maintained through a rippled surface effect until a porous surface structure is produced on the electrode.8. A method of enhancing the electrochemical surface area of an electrode as defined in claim 6 , wherein the exposure is maintained through a rippled surface effect until a porous surface structure is produced.9. A method of enhancing the electrochemical surface area of an electrode as defined in claim 6 , wherein the step of exposing the ...

Fabricated article

A fabricated article includes a substrate and one or more turbulators formed on the substrate. Each of the one or more turbulators includes at least one root portion providing a concave transition between the substrate and the turbulator. In some embodiments, the fabricated article is formed by a turbulator fabrication process. The turbulator fabrication process includes concurrently directing the first fusion energy toward a first side of the turbulator material extending from the substrate and the second fusion energy toward a second side of the turbulator material opposite the first side and extending from the substrate. The directing of the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy shapes the first side of the turbulator material to have a first contour and the second side of the turbulator material to have a second contour, thereby forming the one or more turbulators on the substrate.

SELECTIVE HEATING DURING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE PROCESSING TO COMPENSATE FOR SUBSTRATE UNIFORMITY VARIATIONS

In some embodiments, a system includes (1) a controller configured to receive information regarding substrate uniformity; (2) a processing tool configured to perform a semiconductor device manufacturing process on a substrate; and (3) a laser delivery mechanism coupled to the controller, the laser delivery mechanism configured to selectively deliver laser energy to the substrate during processing within the processing tool so as to selectively heat the substrate during processing. The controller is configured to employ the substrate uniformity information to determine a temperature profile to apply to the substrate during processing within the processing tool and to employ the laser delivery mechanism to selectively heat the substrate during processing within the processing tool based on the temperature profile. Numerous other embodiments are provided. 1. A system comprising:a controller configured to receive information regarding substrate uniformity;a processing tool configured to perform a semiconductor device manufacturing process on a substrate; anda laser delivery mechanism coupled to the controller, the laser delivery mechanism configured to selectively deliver laser energy to the substrate during processing within the processing tool so as to selectively heat the substrate during processing;wherein the controller is configured to employ the substrate uniformity information to determine a temperature profile to apply to the substrate during processing within the processing tool and to employ the laser delivery mechanism to selectively heat the substrate during processing within the processing tool based on the temperature profile.2. The system of wherein the information regarding substrate uniformity includes thickness uniformity information.3. The system of wherein the information regarding substrate uniformity includes critical dimension (CD) uniformity information.4. The system of further comprising a metrology tool configured to measure substrate ...

LASER PRE-PROCESSING TO STABILIZE HIGH-TEMPERATURE COATINGS AND SURFACES

Laser pre-processing to stabilize high-temperature coatings and surfaces. One method involves melting a surface of a metal substrate () with an energy beam () to form a melt pool (), allowing the melt pool to cool and solidify into a melt-processed alloy layer () bonded to the metal substrate, and coating the melt-processed alloy layer with a protective alloy layer () to form a coated substrate. A flux composition () may also be deposited onto the surface of the metal substrate, such that the melt processing also forms a slag layer () at least partially covering the melt-processed alloy layer. A protective material () containing a carbon source may also be deposited onto the surface of the metal substrate, such that the melt processing forms a carbon-enriched melt-processed alloy layer () having a higher proportion of carbon than the metal substrate. 1. A coating method , comprising:melting a surface of a superalloy substrate with an energy beam to form a melt pool;allowing the melt pool to cool and solidify into a melt-processed superalloy layer bonded to the superalloy substrate; andcoating the melt-processed superalloy layer with a protective alloy layer, to form a coated substrate.2. The method of claim 2 , further comprising:before the melting, depositing a flux composition onto the surface of the superalloy substrate, such that the melting of the surface also melts the flux composition and the cooling of the melt pool also forms a slag layer at least partially covering the melt-processed superalloy layer; andbefore the coating, removing the slag layer at least partially covering the melt-processed superalloy layer.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the flux composition comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide claim 2 , a metal halide claim 2 , an oxometallate claim 2 , a metal carbonate claim 2 , a hydrocarbon claim 2 , an allotrope of carbon claim 2 , a carbohydrate claim 2 , a natural oil claim 2 , a synthetic oil claim 2 , ...

PLASTIC COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR GENERATING A SURFACE STRUCTURE ON A PLASTIC COMPONENT

A plastic component is provided that leads to an initial friction reduction with a friction partner. At least part of the surface of the plastic component, which interacts with a surface of a friction partner, is provided with a plurality of structures. The structures are composed of at least one structure type. Between two adjacent structure types, a distance is formed in the range of 10 microns to 1 mm. A width of the structure types is in the range of 10 microns to 100 microns. A height or depth of the structure types is in the range from 1 micron to 100 microns. 1. A thermoplastic plastic component comprising a surface structure to reduce friction , wherein , after an injection molding process , at least a portion of a surface of the plastic component has a plurality of structure types arranged in a straight line , wherein a distance between two adjacent straight lines of the structure types is in a range of 10 microns to 1 mm , wherein a width of the structure types arranged in the straight line is in a range of 10 microns to 1 mm , and wherein a height or depth of the structure types arranged in the straight line is in the range of 1 micron to 100 microns.210. The thermoplastic plastic component according to claim 1 , wherein the distance claim 1 , the width or the height of the structure types arranged in the straight line claim 1 , or the distance claim 1 , the width or the depth of the structure types arranged in the straight line are constant within the surface of the plastic component ().3. The thermoplastic plastic component according to claim 1 , wherein the distance claim 1 , the width or the height of the structure types arranged in the straight line claim 1 , or the distance claim 1 , the width or the depth of the structure types arranged in the straight line vary within the surface of the plastic component.4. The thermoplastic plastic component according to claim 1 , wherein the structure types on the surface of the plastic component are raised or ...

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LASER PROCESSING OF DIAMONDS

A method is described or processing diamonds, either natural or artificially produced, by using a laser beam with minimal power output. The laser wavelength is fitted to the peak absorption wavelength of diamond, such as a helium-silver laser with a wavelength of 224 nm. 1. A method comprising:using a laser beam of a wavelength equal, within ±10%, to one of absorption wavelengths of a diamond, to saw, cut, shape or polish said diamond.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the wavelength is less than one of said absorption wavelengths.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the laser beam is at a wavelength of 224 nm.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the laser beam is produced by a helium-silver laser.5. A system for processing diamonds claim 1 , comprising:a helium-silver ion laser configured to emit a beam at a wavelength of 224 nm;and a gem holder configured to hold a diamond in a path of said beam. The present invention relates generally to a method and device for cutting, shaping and polishing diamonds by a laser beam of wavelength identical to the peak absorption wavelength of diamond, or slightly shorter, with minimal damage to the specimen thus processed, due to the ability to use minimal laser power.Laser processing of a large variety of materials is replacing conventional mechanical processes, due to the high accuracy, speed and flexibility provided by laser cutting, sawing and shaping and polishing machines.Laser processing is based on the ability to focus the laser light beam to an extremely small focal spot, thus concentrating the beam energy to an extremely high power density, which can ablate very accurately a very small region of material, thus making it possible to produce very narrow and accurate cuts and slits in nearly every material.This, however, is based on the existence of an interaction mechanism between the laser beam and the processed material. Thus, for example, if the material is totally transparent to the ...

Membrane removing forceps

A membrane removing forceps may include a first forceps jaw having a first forceps jaw distal end and a first forceps jaw proximal end and a second forceps jaw having a second forceps jaw distal end and a second forceps jaw proximal end. The membrane removing forceps may include one or more abrasive surfaces configured to raise a portion of a membrane. A surgeon may raise a portion of a membrane by grazing the portion of the membrane with one or more abrasive surfaces of a membrane removing forceps. The surgeon may grasp the raised portion of the membrane with the first forceps jaw distal end and the second forceps jaw distal end. The surgeon may then remove the membrane by peeling the membrane apart from an underlying tissue.

Ablation Cutting of a Workpiece by a Pulsed Laser Beam

A method for ablating a workpiece by a pulsed laser beam includes pretreating a workpiece surface of the workpiece by moving the pulsed laser beam over the workpiece surface along a surface path, first consecutive laser pulses of the pulsed laser beam having a first pulse overlap on the workpiece surface in a path direction, and ablating the pretreated workpiece surface by moving the pulsed laser beam over the workpiece surface along the surface path multiple times. The second consecutive laser pulses of the pulsed laser beam have a second pulse overlap on the workpiece surface in the path direction, and the second pulse overlap is less than the first pulse overlap. 1. A method comprising:pretreating a workpiece surface of a workpiece by moving a first pulsed laser beam over the workpiece surface along a surface path, wherein first consecutive laser pulses of the first pulsed laser beam have a first pulse overlap on the workpiece surface in a path direction; andablating the pretreated workpiece surface by moving a second pulsed laser beam over the workpiece surface along the surface path multiple times, wherein second consecutive laser pulses of the second pulsed laser beam have a second pulse overlap on the workpiece surface in the path direction, and wherein the second pulse to overlap is less than the first pulse overlap.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first consecutive laser pulses and the second consecutive laser pulses have a same pulse power and a same diameter on the workpiece surface.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first and second pulse overlaps are achieved by changing at least one of a pulse frequency or an overmovement speed.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first pulse overlap is more than 90%.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the first pulse overlap is more than 95%.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pulse overlap is less than 70%.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second pulse overlap is less than 50%.8. The method ...

Surface finishing for glass components using a laser

A method includes applying a laser directly to a surface of a glass substrate to smooth the surface of the glass substrate. The method can further include applying a reflective coating directly to the smoothed surface of the glass substrate. An apparatus can include a titania-silica glass substrate having a laser polished surface that is not a separate layer from the glass substrate. The apparatus can include a reflective surface applied directly to the laser polished surface.

LASER ABLATION FOR WIREBONDING SURFACE ON AS-CAST SURFACE

A method of removing material from a surface, which includes the steps of providing a base layer, at least one layer attached to the base layer, an intermediate finish surface, and a bonding interface surface. The intermediate finish surface is formed by removing the at least one layer and a portion of the base layer during a material removal process. The bonding interface surface is formed by a polishing process applied to the intermediate finish surface. There is an oxidation layer which is part of the base layer, as well as a mold release layer and a contamination layer, both of which are part of the at least one layer. The material removal process involves laser etching the at least one layer to create the intermediate finish surface, and the polishing process includes applying a second laser etching to the intermediate finish surface, forming the bonding interface surface. 1. An apparatus , comprising: a base layer;', 'at least one layer attached to the base layer;', 'an intermediate finish surface; and', 'a bonding interface surface;', 'wherein the intermediate finish surface is formed by removing the at least one layer and a portion of the base layer during a material removal process, and the bonding interface is formed by a polishing process applied to the intermediate finish surface., 'a casting assembly, including2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising an oxidation layer formed as part of the base layer claim 1 , wherein the oxidation layer is removed during the material removal process.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , the at least one layer further comprising a mold release layer claim 1 , wherein the mold release layer is removed during the material removal process.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , the at least one layer further comprising a contamination layer claim 1 , wherein the contamination layer is removed during the material removal process.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , the material removal process further comprising laser etching the at least ...

Method for producing a material composite composed of metal and plastic to form a plastic-metal hybrid component

The invention relates to a method for producing a material composite composed of metal and plastic to form a plastic-metal hybrid component, in which method, to improve the adhesion of the metal surface and at least one plastic component, stochastically random macroscopic and/or microscopic undercuts are made by means of short-pulse laser radiation in the metal surface in order to roughen it, these undercuts each being filled at least partially with the at least one plastic component in an injection moulding process such that said plastic component engages into the macroscopic and/or microscopic undercuts, wherein, following the roughening of the metal surface and before and/or during the injection moulding process for the at least one plastic component, at least the roughened surface of the metal is heated to a temperature which, during processing, lies in the range of room temperature up to 100° C. above the processing temperature of the plastic. 1. A method for producing a material composite composed of metal and plastic to form a plastic-metal hybrid component , wherein , to improve the adhesion of the metal surface and at least one plastic component , stochastically random macroscopic and/or microscopic undercuts are introduced by means of short-pulse laser radiation into the metal surface in order to roughen it , said undercuts each being filled at least partially with the at least one plastic component in an injection moulding process , such that said plastic component engages in the macroscopic and/or microscopic undercuts , wherein , following the roughening of the metal surface before and/or during the injection moulding process for the at least one plastic component , at least the roughened surface of the metal is heated to a temperature which , during processing , lies in the range from room temperature up to 100° C. above the processing temperature of the at least one plastic component.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature to ...

Composite Preventing Ice Adhesion

The present invention relates to a novel composite preventing ice adhesion. A plurality of micro-roughened surfaces or organometallized micro-roughened surfaces wetted with a hydrophobic, low freezing-point liquid results in a durable, renewable anti-icing composite. The preparation method for novel icing and rain protecting composite is disclosed. 1. A composite preventing ice adhesion comprises of:(1a) a material having a plurality of micro-roughened surfaces,(1b) a plurality of organometallized layers grafted on said surfaces and(1c) a low freezing-pint liquid wetting said layers.2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein said low freezing-point liquid is a hydrophobic fluid selected from the group consisting of poly(pentamethylcyclopentasiloxane) claim 1 , polydiethylsiloxane claim 1 , poly(oxytetrafluoroethylene-co-oxydifluoromethylene) claim 1 , polydimethylsiloxane claim 1 , T-branched polydimethylsiloxane claim 1 , poly(dimethylsiloxane-co-diethylsiloxane) claim 1 , poly(ethylmethylsiloxane) claim 1 , poly(methyltrifluoropropylsiloxane) claim 1 , poly(methyltrifluoropropylsiloxane-co-dimethylsiloxane) claim 1 , perfluoropolyether claim 1 , polyhexafluoropropylene oxide claim 1 , perfluoropolyalkyl ether claim 1 , perfluoroalkyl ether substituted s-triazine claim 1 , fluorinated ether claim 1 , polychlorotrifluoroethylene claim 1 , polyalphaolefin hydrogenated claim 1 , polyalphaolefin claim 1 , perfluoroalkyl silsesquioxane claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.3. The composite of claim 1 , where said material is selected from the group consisting of polymer claim 1 , interpenetrating polymer network claim 1 , coating containing polymer claim 1 , coating containing interpenetrating polymer network claim 1 , fiber reinforced polymer claim 1 , laminated polymer claim 1 , composite polymer claim 1 , polymer by injection molding claim 1 , polymer by reaction injection molding claim 1 , polymer by casting claim 1 , and a mixture thereof.4. The material of claim 3 , where ...

FABRICATION PROCESS AND FABRICATED ARTICLE

A turbulator fabrication process and a fabricated article are provided. The turbulator fabrication process includes providing a system configured for directing a first fusion energy and a second fusion energy, positioning a turbulator material on a substrate, and directing the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy toward the turbulator material and the substrate. The directing of the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy modifies the turbulator material forming one or more turbulators on the substrate. The fabricated article includes a substrate and one or more turbulators formed on the substrate. Each of the one or more turbulators includes at least one root portion providing a concave transition between the substrate and the turbulator. 1. A turbulator fabrication process , comprising:providing a system configured for directing a first fusion energy and a second fusion energy;positioning a turbulator material on a substrate; anddirecting the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy toward the turbulator material and the substrate;wherein the directing of the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy modifies the turbulator material forming one or more turbulators on the substrate.2. The fabrication process of claim 1 , wherein the first fusion energy is selected from the group consisting of laser energy claim 1 , an arc beam claim 1 , a plasma beam claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The fabrication process of claim 1 , wherein the second fusion energy is selected from the group consisting of laser energy claim 1 , an arc beam claim 1 , a plasma beam claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The fabrication process of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a portion of a combustion liner.5. The fabrication process of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the one or more turbulators extends around the combustion liner and the forming of the turbulator is a linear uninterrupted process.6. The fabrication process of claim 4 , wherein the ...

METHOD FOR HYDROPHOBICIZING A COPPER-TIN ALLOY

A method of treating a metallic surface comprising a copper alloy, such as phosphor bronze, whereby the metallic surface is ablated by directing a laser beam with a diameter of 200-400 μm produced by a COlaser with a pulse frequency of 1200-1800 HZ onto the metallic surface, and a Nassist gas is concurrently applied with a pressure of 550-650 KPa co-axially with the laser beam to form an ablated metallic surface comprising microgrooves with CuN present on a surface of the microgrooves, wherein the ablated metallic surface has a higher surface hydrophobicity than the metallic surface prior to the ablating. 1. A method of treating a copper-tin alloy , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'ablating a metallic surface of the copper-tin alloy by directing a laser beam with a diameter of 100-400 μm produced by a COlaser with a pulse frequency of 1200-1800 Hz onto the metallic surface; and'}{'sub': 2', '3, 'concurrently exposing the metallic surface to a Nassist gas with a pressure of 550-650 KPa to form an ablated metallic surface comprising microgrooves with single crystal CuN present on a surface of the microgrooves;'}{'sub': '2', 'wherein the Nassist gas and the laser beam are oriented coaxially; and'}wherein the ablated metallic surface has a higher surface hydrophobicity than the metallic surface prior to the ablating.2. (canceled)3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam having a power in the range of 1.5-2.5 kW.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam with a scanning speed in the range of 0.05-0.15 m·s.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ablating and concurrently exposing is performed such that laser scanning tracks are formed on the metallic surface and the overlapping ratio of the laser scanning tracks is in the range of 60-80% at the metallic surface.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic surface is ablated with a laser beam to a penetration depth in the range of 1-10 μm.7. The ...

BIOMEDICAL ELECTRODE

A biocompatible, implantable electrode for electrically active medical devices. The implantable medical electrode has a surface geometry which optimizes the electrical performance of the electrode, while mitigating the undesirable effects associated with prior art porous surfaces. The electrode has an optimized surface topography for improved electrical performance. Such a electrode is suitable for devices which may be permanently implanted in the human body as stimulation electrodes, such as pacemakers, or as sensors of medical conditions. Such is achieved by the application of ultrafast high energy pulses to the surface of a solid, monolithic electrode material for the purpose of increasing the surface area and thereby decreasing its after-potential polarization. 1. An electrode comprising a solid , monolithic substrate having an outer peripheral surface; the outer peripheral surface having a topography defined by a plurality of discrete macro protrusions distributed about and extending outwardly from the outer peripheral surface , the macro protrusions having a width in the range of from about 0.15 μm to about 50 μm; a plurality of discrete micro protrusions distributed on and extending outwardly from the macro protrusions , the micro protrusions having a width ranging from about 0.15 μm to about 5 μm; and a plurality of discrete nano protrusions distributed on and extending outwardly from the micro protrusions , the nano protrusions having a width ranging from about 0.01 μm to about 1 μm.2. The electrode of wherein the macro protrusions are substantially uniformly distributed across the outer peripheral surface of the solid claim 1 , monolithic substrate.3. The electrode of wherein the micro protrusions are distributed across the macro protrusions in the form of periodic waves of the heights of the micro protrusions.4. The electrode of wherein the nano protrusions are distributed across the micro protrusions in the form of tubes and/or globules.5. The electrode ...

BRAKE DISC AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A BRAKE DISC

A brake disc includes a basic body with at least one contact surface that has a wearing coat applied thereon. The at least one contact surface of the basic body is pretreated to realize the bond between the wearing coat and the basic body. The at least one pretreated contact surface of the basic body has a surface topography that is modified by laser irradiation and has at least one predetermined parameter. A method produces the brake disc. 1. A brake disk , comprising:a basic body with at least one contact surface; anda wearing coat applied to the at least one contact surface,wherein the at least one contact surface of the basic body is pretreated to realize the bond between the wearing coat and the basic body, andwherein the pretreated at least one contact surface of the basic body has a surface topography modified by laser radiation and has at least one predetermined parameter.2. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one predetermined parameter of the modified surface topography of the at least one contact surface comprises one or more of a predetermined structure claim 1 , a predetermined degree of cleanness claim 1 , a predetermined chemical composition claim 1 , and a predetermined roughness.3. The brake disk as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the predetermined structure of the at least one contact surface is configured in one or more of a meandering form claim 2 , a grooved form claim 2 , and a spiraled form.4. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the basic body is configured as one or more of a metallic body and a ceramic body.5. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wearing coat is sprayed on the at least one modified contact surface of the basic body.6. A method for producing a brake disk claim 1 , comprising:applying a wearing coat to a contact surface of a basic body of the brake disk;pretreating the at least one contact surface of the basic body to realize the bond between the wearing coat and the basic body; ...

Managed article and engraving method

Provided is a managed article that allows an engraved code to be excellently detected. An engraved code 11 including a plurality of dot dented portions 15 is forced: on a managed article 10. The engraved code 11 includes. An opening peripheral edge portion 22 of each of the dot dented portions 15 has a quadrilateral shape. This configuration leads to detection of the dot dented portion as a quadrilateral dot. Therefore, this configuration allows the engraved code to be excellently detected.

METHOD OF, AND APPARATUS FOR, REDUCING PHOTOELECTRON YIELD AND/OR SECONDARY ELECTRON YIELD

A method of reducing photoelectron yield (PEY) and/or secondary electron yield (SEY) of a surface of a target (), comprises applying laser radiation to the surface of the target () to produce a periodic arrangement of structures on the surface, wherein the laser radiation comprises pulsed laser radiation comprising a series of laser pulses and the power density of the pulses is in a range 0.01 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm, optionally 0.1 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm. 1. A method of reducing photoelectron yield (PEY) and/or secondary electron yield (SEY) of a surface , comprising;applying laser radiation to the surface to produce a periodic arrangement of structures on the surface, wherein{'sup': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'the laser radiation comprises pulsed laser radiation comprising a series, of laser pulses and the power density of the pulses is in a range 0.01 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm, optionally 0.1 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm.'}2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the power density is in a range 0.1 TW/cmto 2 TW/cm claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.3 TW/cmto 2 TW/cm claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.4 TW/cmto 1.5 TW/cm claim 1 , further optionally in a range 0.38 TW/cmto 0.6 TW/cm claim 1 , 0.16 TW/cmto 0.54 TW/cm.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the applying of the laser radiation is such as to alter the properties of surface such that the surface has a value a SEY less than 1.5 claim 1 , optionally less than 1.2 claim 1 , optionally less than 1.0 claim 1 , optionally less than or equal to 0.7 claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.2 to 1.0 claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.5 to 1.0 claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.3 to 0.9 claim 1 , optionally in a range 0.6 to 0.8 claim 1 , optionally approximately equal to 0.7.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least some of the laser pulses have a duration less than a thermal relaxation time of the material of the surface.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a pulse duration of the laser pulses is in a range 200 femtoseconds (fs) to 1000 ...

METHOD OF LASER POLISHING A CONNECTORIZED OPTICAL FIBER AND A CONNECTORIZED OPTICAL FIBER FORMED IN ACCORDANCE THEREWITH

Laser polishing is achieved by directing laser beam perpendicular at the fiber end face in a connectorized optical fiber having a metal ferrule. The spot size of the laser beam is larger than the bare optical fiber diameter, providing a more uniform spatial distribution of the radiation energy over the fiber end face. The metal ferrule provides heat conduction to prevent excessive heat built up at the fiber tip, which would lead to undesirable surface defects and geometries. The connectorized optical fiber may be pre-shaped prior to laser polishing. Subsequent laser polishing flattens the fiber end face. 1. A method of polishing an end face of a connectorized optical fiber , comprising:providing a metal ferrule;mounting an optical fiber in the ferrule, with a fiber end face exposed by a ferrule end face; anddirecting a laser beam at the fiber end face to polish the fiber end face.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein polishing does not require any mechanical polishing after the laser beam is applied to polish the fiber end face.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the laser beam is directed generally perpendicular to the fiber end face.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the laser beam is defocused on the fiber end face claim 3 , with the fiber end face disposed at a predetermined distance from focus of the laser beam.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined distance is larger than diameter of the fiber end face.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the laser beam has a spot size that is larger than a diameter of the fiber end face.7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the spot size is several times larger than the fiber end face claim 6 , so that the fiber end face receives portion of the laser beam which is generally uniform in beam distribution.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the spot size is about 2 to 20 times large than the fiber end face.9. The method of claim 4 , wherein optical axis of the laser beam is misaligned with center of the fiber end face.10. ...

EARTH-BORING TOOLS HAVING CUTTING ELEMENTS WITH CUTTING FACES EXHIBITING MULTIPLE COEFFICIENTS OF FRICTION, AND RELATED METHODS

An earth-boring tool having at least one cutting element with a multi-friction cutting face provides for the steering of formation cuttings as the cuttings slide across the cutting face. The multi-friction cutting element includes a diamond table bonded to a substrate of superabrasive material. The diamond table has a cutting face formed thereon with a cutting edge extending along a periphery of the cutting face. The cutting face has a first area having an average surface finish roughness less than an average surface finish roughness of a second area of the cutting face, the two areas separated by a boundary having a proximal end proximate a tool crown and a distal end remote from the tool crown. 1. A method of forming an earth-boring tool , comprising: a first area of the cutting face having a first average surface roughness;', 'a second area of the cutting face having a second average surface roughness greater than the first average surface roughness; and', 'a boundary between the first area and the second area extending across the cutting face;, 'providing a plurality of cutting elements attached to a tool crown, a cutting face on at least one cutting element of the plurality of cutting elements comprisingattaching the at least one cutting element of the plurality of cutting elements to the tool crown with a proximal end of the boundary adjacent a profile of the tool crown and a distal end of the boundary remote from the tool crown.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising polishing or depositing a diamond film on the first area of the cutting face to provide the first average surface roughness.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising roughening the second area of the cutting face by at least one of laser etching claim 1 , chemical etching claim 1 , mechanical etching claim 1 , and electrochemical etching.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising roughening the second area of the cutting face by laser etching a multiplicity of barcode-style etch ...

METHOD OF, AND APPARATUS FOR, LASER BLACKENING OF A SURFACE, WHEREIN THE LASER HAS A SPECIFIC POWER DENSITY AND/OR A SPECIFIC PULSE DURATION

A method of blackening a surface, comprises applying laser radiation to the surface of a target () to produce a periodic arrangement of structures on the surface of the target (), wherein the laser radiation comprises pulsed laser radiation comprising a series of laser pulses and the power density of the pulses is in a range 2 GW/cmto 50 GW/cmor 0.1 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm, and/or a pulse duration between 200 femtoseconds to 1000 picoseconds. 1. A method of blackening a surface , comprising:applying laser radiation to the surface to produce a periodic arrangement of structures on the surface, wherein{'sup': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'the laser radiation comprises pulsed laser radiation comprising a series of laser pulses and the power density of the pulses is in a range 2 GW/cmto 50 GW/cmor 0.1 TW/cmto 3 TW/cm.'}2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the power density is in a range 0.1 TW/cmto 2 TW/cm claim 1 , or in a range of 1 GW/cmto 45 GW/cm claim 1 , or in a range of 1 GW/cmto 45 GW/cmor in a range 0.1 TW/cmto 2 TW/cm claim 1 , or in a range 2 GW/cmto 30 GW/cm claim 1 , or in a range 0.3 TW/cmto 2 TW/cm claim 1 , or in a range 4 GW/cmto 10 GW/cmor 0.4 TW/cmto 1.5 TW/cm claim 1 , or in a range 0.38 TW/cmto 0.6 TW/cm claim 1 , or in a range 0.16 TW/cmto 0.54 TW/cm.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein at least some of the laser pulses have a duration less than a thermal relaxation time of the material of the surface.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a pulse duration of the laser pulses is in a range 200 femtoseconds (fs) to 1000 picoseconds (ps) or in a range 1000 ps to 200 ns claim 1 , optionally in a range 1 ps to 100 ps claim 1 , optionally in a range 1 ps to 50 ps claim 1 , optionally in a range 5 ps to 500 ps.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the periodic arrangement of structures on the surface comprises a periodic series of peaks and troughs substantially parallel to each other claim 1 , and optionally the peaks may be substantially flat on top ...

Brake Disk and Method for Producing a Brake Disk

A brake disc includes a basic body with at least one contact surface that has a wearing coat applied thereon. The at least one contact surface of the basic body is pretreated to realize the bond between the searing coat and the basic body. The at least one pretreated contact surface of the basic body has a surface topography that is modified by laser irradiation and has at least one predetermined parameter. A method produces the brake disc. 1. A brake disk , comprising:a basic body with at least one contact surface, the basic body being formed of gray cast iron; anda wearing coat applied to the at least one contact surface,wherein the at least one contact surface of the basic body is modified by laser radiation to realize the bond between the wearing coat and the basic body, andwherein the at least one contact surface of the basic body is modified by laser radiation such that the at least one contact surface is decarburized.2. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one contact surface of the basis body is further modified by radiation to have one or more of a predetermined structure claim 1 , a predetermined degree of cleanness claim 1 , and a predetermined roughness.3. The brake disk as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least one contact surface is further modified to have the predetermined structure claim 2 , andwherein the predetermined structure of the at least one contact surface is configured in one or more of a meandering form, a grooved form, and a spiraled form.4. The brake disk as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the wearing coat is sprayed on the at least one modified contact surface of the basic body.5. The brake disk as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least one contact surface has a modified surface topography having the predetermined roughness claim 2 , the modified surface topography being caused by a combination of melt and vapor produced by melting and vaporizing portions of the at least one contact surface by the laser ...

Managed article and code engraving method

A managed article that allows an engraved code to be detected. The engraved code including a plurality of dot dented portions is formed on a managed article. Each of the dot dented portions has a quadrilateral pyramid shape with a coating layer formed on a prior stage dented portion ( 15 ) having a quadrilateral pyramid shape. Corner dented portions ( 25 ) dented at acute angles outward along a diagonal direction are formed at four corner positions of an opening peripheral edge portion ( 22 ) of the prior stage dented portion. This configuration leads to detection of the dot dented portion as a quadrilateral dot. In addition, the present configuration allows a coating material to be introduced into the corner dented portions at the time of the coating, thereby contributing to preventing or reducing inward projection of the coating layer at the corner positions of the dot dented portion.

Method of manufacturing a vibratable head for an aerosol generator and vibratable head for an aerosol generator

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a vibratable head (1) for an aerosol generator (2), the vibratable head (1) comprising a support member (4), a vibratable membrane (6) supported by the support member (4) and a vibrator (8) configured to vibrate the vibratable membrane (6). The method comprises the steps of providing the support member (4), roughening a surface portion (10) of the support member (4) by laser structuring, applying an adhesive (9) to at least a part of the roughened surface portion (10) of the support member (4) and attaching at least one element to the support member (4) by at least a portion of the adhesive (9). Further, the invention relates to a vibratable head (1) manufactured by this method, an aerosol generator (2) comprising such a vibratable head (1) and a method of manufacturing such an aerosol generator (2).

Metalization of flexible polymer sheets

A conductive grid formation system, apparatus, and related methods may include a drum having a conductive surface, an insulation layer coating said surface, and a grid pattern formed in the insulation layer to expose portions of the conductive surface. The drum surface may be rotated into and out of a chemical bath, such that a metallic grid is electrodeposited in the exposed portions of the conductive surface. A polymer sheet may be laminated to the surface of the drum and then removed, such that the metallic grid attaches to the polymer sheet and is removed with the polymer sheet. Heat, pressure, and/or adhesive may be utilized in various steps of the process, to facilitate preferential adhesion of the metallic grid to the polymer sheet.

Operating machine and relative method for the surface treatment of cylinders

A machine for the surface treatment of a cylinder includes a first operative station for supporting the cylinder and for bringing it into rotation around its longitudinal axis, and at least a second operative station cooperating with the first station for generating and emitting, by means of an optical fiber apparatus, pulsed laser radiations randomly striking the surface of the cylinder and defining a desired roughness on the same surface; the second station being adjustably coupled with the first station in a first direction parallel with respect to the axis of the cylinder and carrying one or more pulsed laser radiation emitting heads, and slidingly assembled with respect to the cylinder in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. 1. A machine for surface treatment of a cylinder comprising:a first operative station for supporting said cylinder and bringing said cylinder into rotation around a longitudinal axis thereof (X), andat least a second operative station cooperating with said first operative station for generating and emitting, through an optical fiber apparatus, pulsed laser radiations randomly striking a surface of said cylinder and defining a desired roughness on the surface of said cylinder,said second operative station being adjustably coupled with said first operative station in a first direction parallel with respect to the longitudinal axis of said cylinder and carrying one or more pulsed laser radiation emitting heads, and said second operative station being slidingly assembled with respect to said cylinder in a second direction perpendicular to said longitudinal axis.2. The machine according to claim 1 , wherein said one or more emitting heads are movable in a third direction parallel to said first direction and to said cylinder.3. The machine according to claim 2 , wherein said second operative station comprises claim 2 ,{'b': '8', 'said emitting heads () which emit trains of laser impulses,'}a supporting and regulation ...

SUPER CHARGER COMPONENTS

A pulley assembly having a body, a shaft mount and a plurality of bolts is disclosed. The body is aligned to the shaft mount by providing a tight tolerance between a shoulder portion of the bolt and a neck portion of a counter sunk hole formed in the body. Additionally, an outer surface of the body may have a pattern of friction lines or patches formed by fusing particulate matter to the outer surface with heat generated by a laser beam. 114-. (canceled)15. A method for increasing a coefficient of friction of a surface of a pulley , the method comprising the steps of:disposing a laser machine adjacent to the pulley so that a laser beam of the laser machine is applied to an area of the surface of the pulley,adjusting the laser machine to a roughing setting to emit a laser beam that vaporizes the surface of the area to increase a roughness of the pulley surface;applying the laser beam of the laser machine onto the pulley surface with the laser machine set to the roughing setting;adjusting the laser machine to a smoothing setting to emit the laser beam to reduce sharps peaks on the pulley surface caused by the applying the laser beam of the laser machine set to the roughing setting;applying the laser beam of the laser machine onto the pulley surface with the laser machine set to the smoothing setting.16. The method of wherein the step of adjusting the laser machine to the smoothing setting from the roughing setting comprises the steps of decreasing kerf width claim 15 , decreasing a fill distance and decreasing a power of the laser beam.17. The method of wherein the adjusting the laser machine to the roughing setting comprises the steps of setting a kerf width and setting a fill distance to be greater than the kerf width.18. The method of wherein the kerf width is between about 0.0019 inches and about 0.004 inches.19. The method of wherein the adjusting the laser machine to the smoothing setting comprises the steps of setting the fill distance to about double the kerf ...

METHODS FOR STRIPPING AND MODIFYING SURFACES WITH LASER-INDUCED ABLATION

A coating removal apparatus removes a coating from a surface. The apparatus has a movable scanning head and scanning optics. The scanning head is movable in one dimension, and the scanning optics adjust in two dimensions to compensate for movement of the scanning head to implement long range scanning with a uniform scanning pattern. Further, a surface roughness is determined by measuring specular and scattered reflections at various angles. For composite surfaces, the apparatus utilizes UV laser radiation and a controlled atmosphere to remove coating and alter the chemical characteristics at the surface. 111-. (canceled)12. A method of removing a coating from a surface , the method comprising:a. provide a laser light to a scanning head;b. moving the scanning head in a first direction substantially parallel to the surface at a constant speed thereby applying a first scanning pattern component to the laser light;c. configuring a first single-axis laser scanner within the scanning head to align the laser light along the second direction thereby applying a second scanning pattern component to the laser light;d. configuring a second single-axis laser scanner within the scanning head to align the laser light along a second direction thereby applying a third scanning pattern component, wherein the second scanning pattern component is equal and opposite in magnitude to the first scanning pattern component during sequential periods of time; ande. directing the laser light onto the surface according to a uniform scanning pattern, wherein the uniform scanning pattern if formed according to the first scanning pattern component, the second scanning pattern component, and the third scanning pattern component.13. The method of wherein the scanning pattern comprises a series of rows claim 12 , each row oriented parallel to the second direction.14. The method of further comprising configuring the first single-axis laser scanner to rotate within a first plane claim 13 , wherein ...

Method for Structuring and Chemically Modifying a Surface of a Workpiece

A method for producing a chemically modified metal surface or metal alloy surface or metal oxide layer or metal alloy oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece, which surface or layer includes surface structures having dimensions in the sub-micrometer range. The method involves scanning, one or several times using a pulsed laser beam, the entire surface of the metal or metal alloy, or the metal oxide layer or metal alloy oxide layer on the metal or metal alloy, on which surface or layer the structures are to be produced and which is accessible to laser radiation. The scanning is performed in an atmosphere containing a gas or gas mixture that reacts with the surface, such that adjacent flecks of light of the laser beam adjoin each other without an interspace in between or overlap and a predetermined range of a defined relation between process parameters is satisfied. 116-. (canceled)18. The method of claim 17 , wherein a pressure of the atmosphere is in a range of approximately 0.001 mbar to approximately 15 bar and a temperature of the atmosphere outside the laser beam is in a range of approximately −50° C. to approximately 350° C.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein approximately 0.07≦ε≦approximately 2000 claim 17 , more preferably approximately 0.07≦ε≦approximately 1500.20. The method of claim 17 , wherein approximately 0.07≦ε≦approximately 1500.21. The method of claim 17 , wherein the reacting gas or gas mixture is selected from an inorganic gas or gas mixture claim 17 , an organic gas or gas mixture claim 17 , or a gas or gas mixture containing organic groups or a mixture of same claim 17 , wherein the gas or gas mixture is present in a mixture with a noble gas.22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the pulse length of the laser pulses t is approximately 0.1 ns to approximately 300 ns.23. The method of claim 17 , wherein the pulse length of the laser pulses t is approximately 5 ns to approximately 200 ns.24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the metal surface is ...

Arrangement for a movable roof element for a motor vehicle and system for a motor vehicle

An arrangement for a movable roof element ( 101 ) for a motor vehicle ( 100 ) has: a carriage ( 103 ) which is designed to be guided in a rail ( 104 ) and to be moved relative to the rail ( 104 ) and which has a first component ( 105 ) and a second component ( 106 ), and a drive cable ( 107 ), wherein the second component ( 106 ) at least partially surrounds the first component ( 105 ) and the drive cable ( 107 ) in order to form a coupling ( 108 ) between the drive cable ( 107 ) and the carriage ( 103 ), wherein the coupling ( 108 ) has: a roughening ( 109 ) of the first component ( 105 ) in order to form a non-positive and/or integrally bonded connection between the first ( 105 ) and the second ( 106 ) component.

Method for Structuring a Surface of a Workpiece

A method for producing a metal or metal alloy surface or metal oxide layer or metal alloy oxide layer on the surface of a workpiece having surface structures with dimensions in the sub-micrometer range, involves scanning the entire surface of the metal or of the metal alloy or of the metal or metal alloy oxide layer on the metal or the metal alloy on which the structures are to be produced and which are accessible to laser radiation one or more times by a pulsed laser beam in such a way that adjacent flecks of light of the laser beam adjoin one another without gaps or overlap one another and a specific region of a predetermined relation between method parameters is satisfied. 116-. (canceled)18. The method of claim 17 , wherein a pressure of the atmosphere is in the range from approximately 0 bars to approximately 15 bars and a temperature of the atmosphere outside of the laser beam is in the range from approximately −50° C. to approximately 350° C.19. The method of claim 17 , wherein approximately 0.07≦ε≦approximately 2000 claim 17 , more preferably approximately 0.07≦ε≦approximately 1500.20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the pulse length of the laser pulses t is approximately 0.1 ns to approximately 300 ns.21. The method of claim 17 , wherein the pulse length of the laser pulses t is approximately 5 ns to approximately 200 ns.22. The method of claim 17 , wherein the metal surface is not pre-treated or cleaned before the irradiation with the laser beam.23. The method of claim 17 , wherein the metal or the metal alloy is selected from iron claim 17 , aluminum claim 17 , magnesium claim 17 , tantalum claim 17 , copper claim 17 , nickel or titanium or an alloy thereof.24. The method of claim 17 , wherein the peak pulse power of the outgoing laser radiation Pis approximately 1 kW to approximately 1800 kW.25. The method of claim 17 , wherein the average power of the outgoing laser radiation Pis approximately 5 W to approximately 28000 W.26. The method of claim 17 , ...

SiC WAFER PRODUCING METHOD

A SiC wafer is produced from a single crystal SiC ingot. A focal point of a pulsed laser beam having a transmission wavelength to the ingot is set inside the ingot at a predetermined depth from a flat surface of the ingot, the predetermined depth corresponding to the thickness of the wafer to be produced. The pulsed laser beam is applied to the ingot to thereby form a separation layer for separating the wafer from the ingot. The wafer is separated from the ingot along the separation layer, and a flat surface is formed by grinding an upper surface of the ingot as a rough separation surface left after separating the wafer, thereby removing the roughness of the upper surface of the ingot to flatten the upper surface of the ingot. 1. An SiC wafer producing method for producing an SiC wafer from a single crystal SiC ingot , said SiC wafer producing method comprising:a separation layer forming step of setting a focal point of a pulsed laser beam having a transmission wavelength to said single crystal SiC ingot inside said SiC ingot at a predetermined depth from a flat surface of said SiC ingot, said predetermined depth corresponding to a thickness of said SiC wafer to be produced, and next applying said pulsed laser beam to said SiC ingot to thereby form a separation layer for separating said SiC wafer from said SiC ingot;a wafer separating step of separating said SiC wafer from said SiC ingot along said separation layer after performing said separation layer forming step; anda flat surface forming step of grinding an upper surface of said SiC ingot as a rough separation surface left after separating said SiC wafer in said wafer separating step, thereby removing the roughness of said upper surface of said SiC ingot to flatten said upper surface of said SiC ingot; a first grinding step of performing coarse grinding to said upper surface of said SiC ingot to thereby partially remove the roughness of said upper surface of said SiC ingot, and', 'a second grinding step of ...

Three-dimensional laser processing machine

A three-dimensional laser processing machine performs high-precision laser processing on a workpiece (W) by setting the focal position of laser light to be condensed by a condensing lens at a predetermined distance from a portion to be processed of the workpiece (W), is provided with a three-dimensional shape measuring instrument ( 50 ) for measuring the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece (W), and sets the focal position of the laser light at the predetermined distance from the portion to be processed on the basis of three-dimensional shape data relating to the workpiece (W) measured by the three-dimensional shape measuring instrument ( 50 ).

SUPER CHARGER COMPONENTS

A pulley assembly having a body, a shaft mount and a plurality of bolts is disclosed. The body is aligned to the shaft mount by providing a tight tolerance between a shoulder portion of the bolt and a neck portion of a counter sunk hole formed in the body. Additionally, an outer surface of the body may have a pattern of friction lines or patches formed by fusing particulate matter to the outer surface with heat generated by a laser beam. 122-. (canceled)23. A pulley for transmitting rotational motion between first and second rotating shafts of a continuously variable transmission with a belt , the pulley being fixed to the first rotating shaft , the pulley comprising:first and second parts being traversable closer to or further away from each other, each of the first and second parts mounted onto the first rotating shaft of the continuously variable transmission, each of the first and second parts having a skewed surface which interfaces with the belt and collectively forms a groove, a laser induced friction surface applied to a portion of the skewed surfaces of the first and second parts which engage the belt during operation of the continuously variable transmission, the first and second parts fabricated from a metallic material; andthe laser induced friction surface applied solely to the skewed surfaces of the first and second parts.24. The pulley of wherein the friction material is configured into a pattern on the skewed surfaces of the first and second parts.25. The pulley of wherein a diameter of the pulley is between about 2-4 inches in diameter.26. The pulley of wherein the friction material is a powdered material has an average size of between 20-100 microns.27. The pulley of wherein the laser induced friction surface is a friction material laser infused to the skewed surfaces of the first and second parts.28. The pulley of wherein the laser induced friction surface is formed with a laser material removal process applied to the skewed surfaces of the first ...

LASER INDUCED FRICTION SURFACE ON FIREARM

A firearm having a laser induced friction surface. 1. A method for increasing a coefficient of friction of a surface of a firearm , the method comprising the steps of:disposing a laser machine adjacent to a component of the firearm so that a laser beam of the laser machine is applied to an area of the surface of the firearm;adjusting the laser machine to a roughing setting to emit a laser beam that vaporizes the surface of the area to increase a roughness of a surface of a component of the firearm;applying the laser beam of the laser machine onto the component surface with the laser machine set to the roughing setting;adjusting the laser machine to a smoothing setting to emit the laser beam to reduce sharps peaks on the component surface caused by the applying the laser beam of the laser machine set to the roughing setting;applying the laser beam of the laser machine onto the component surface with the laser machine set to the smoothing setting.215. The method of claim wherein the step of adjusting the laser machine to the smoothing setting from the roughing setting comprises the steps of decreasing a kerf width , decreasing a fill distance and decreasing a power of the laser beam.315. The method of claim wherein the adjusting the laser machine to the roughing setting comprises the steps of setting a kerf width and setting a fill distance to be greater than the kerf width.417. The method of claim wherein the kerf width is between about 0.0019 inches and about 0.004 inches.517. The method of claim wherein the adjusting the laser machine to the smoothing setting comprises the steps of setting the fill distance to about double the kerf width.615. The method of claim further comprising the step of adjusting the laser machine to an annealing setting to harden the pulley surface.715. The method of claim further comprising the step of rotating the component of the firearm or the laser machine after performing both applying steps to apply the laser beam of the laser machine ...

LASER POLISHING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR METAL FACE SEAL

A laser polishing method for a metal face seal is provided. The method includes determining, using a processor, a first smoothness level of a seal face surface of the metal face seal. The method includes applying, using the processor, a laser beam at a first angle to at least one peak on the seal face surface of the metal face seal, the first angle measured relative to a normal to the seal face surface. The method includes determining, using the processor, a second smoothness level of the seal face surface. The method includes controlling, using the processor, the laser beam until the second smoothness level is equal to a threshold smoothness level. The method includes turning off the laser beam, using the processor, when the second smoothness level is equal to the threshold smoothness level isotropically over the seal face surface. 1. A laser polishing method for a metal face seal , comprising:determining, using a processor, a first smoothness level of a seal face surface of the metal face seal;applying, using the processor, a laser beam at a first angle to at least one peak on the seal face surface of the metal face seal, the first angle measured relative to a normal to the seal face surface;determining, using the processor, a second smoothness level of the seal face surface;controlling, using the processor, the laser beam until the second smoothness level is equal to a threshold smoothness level; andturning off the laser beam, using the processor, when the second smoothness level is equal to the threshold smoothness level isotropically over the seal face surface.2. The laser polishing method of claim 1 , wherein the applying is performed by moving the laser beam transversally along a radial direction of the metal face seal for polishing the seal face surface isotropically.3. The laser polishing method of claim 2 , wherein the applying is performed by moving a laser producing the laser beam relative to the metal face seal while the laser beam is moved ...

DECORATIVE ITEM, DECORATIVE ITEM UNIT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING DECORATIVE ITEM

A decorative item includes a base body; a decorative portion formed by roughing a surface of the base body; and a coating layer that covers the surface of the base body including the decorative portion. 1. A decorative item comprising:a base body;a decorative portion formed by roughing a surface of the base body; anda coating layer that covers the surface of the base body including the decorative portion.2. A decorative item unit comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'a plurality of the decorative items of .'}3. A method of manufacturing a decorative item , comprising:a laser processing step of roughing a surface of a base body by laser processing to form a decorative portion; anda coating step of forming a coating layer that covers the surface of the base body including the decorative portion. The present invention relates to a decorative item, a decorative item unit and a method of manufacturing a decorative item.For example, for forming various different patterns on surfaces of items that are mass produced by dies or the like, it is necessary to manufacture a plurality of dies in accordance with the number of patterns. Thus, there is a problem that manufacturing cost is increased.Thus, a method of forming items having various patterns by in-mold shaping is disclosed in which a film with a pattern is placed in a die (see Patent Document 1, for example). According to such a method, it is possible to mass produce items having various patterns by a single die facility.However, according to the above method of Patent Document 1, a step of forming a film with a pattern, a step of placing the film with the pattern in a die, a step of removing the film with the pattern from the item after in-mold shaping and the like are necessary. Thus, there is a risk that manufacturing steps are complicated and manufacturing cost cannot be reduced.According to an aspect of the embodiment, there is provided a decorative item including a base body; a decorative ...

Surface treatment method for metal material and force sensor

A surface treatment method for roughening a surface of a metal material by a laser beam includes: forming a roughened surface adhesion portion on the surface of the metal material by irradiating the laser beam on the surface of the metal material to form a plurality of roughened regions within the roughened surface adhesion portion, each of the roughened regions being formed in a circular shape having an outer ring adjacent to each other. The roughened regions are arranged to satisfy the following Equation (1): 0.5a<d<1.5a  (1) where “a” is a diameter of the outer ring of each of the roughened regions, and “d” is a center pitch between adjacent roughened regions.

Metalization of flexible polymer sheets

A conductive grid formation system, apparatus, and related methods may include a drum having a conductive surface, an insulation layer coating said surface, and a grid pattern formed in the insulation layer to expose portions of the conductive surface. The drum surface may be rotated into and out of a chemical bath, such that a metallic grid is electrodeposited in the exposed portions of the conductive surface. A polymer sheet may be laminated to the surface of the drum and then removed, such that the metallic grid attaches to the polymer sheet and is removed with the polymer sheet. Heat, pressure, and/or adhesive may be utilized in various steps of the process, to facilitate preferential adhesion of the metallic grid to the polymer sheet.

COMPONENT INCLUDING SURFACE-MODIFIED ARTICLE AND METHOD OF MODIFYING AN ARTICLE

A method of modifying an article includes welding a plurality of weld rows of weld beads on a surface of the article such that a gap is formed between each pair of neighboring weld rows. The method optionally includes welding a plurality of fill rows of fill beads on the surface of the article such that each fill row of the plurality of fill rows fills at least a portion of one of the gaps. The weld rows and the fill rows increase a thickness of the article at the surface, provide an uneven contour of the article, and operate as turbulators on the surface of the article. A component includes an article having a surface and a plurality of weld rows of weld beads on the surface of the article arranged such that a gap is formed between each pair of neighboring weld rows. 1. A method of modifying an article comprising:welding a plurality of weld rows of weld beads on a surface of the article such that a gap is formed between each pair of neighboring weld rows of the plurality of weld rows; andoptionally welding a plurality of fill rows of fill beads on the surface of the article such that each fill row of the plurality of fill rows fills at least a portion of one of the gaps;wherein the weld rows and the fill rows increase a thickness of the article at the surface, provide an uneven contour of the article, and operate as turbulators on the surface of the article.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the article comprises a transition piece for a combustor of a gas turbine and the surface is an outer diameter surface of the transition piece.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the article comprises a liner for a combustor of a gas turbine and the surface is an outer diameter surface of the liner.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the article is a unibody component of a combustor of a gas turbine claim 1 , the unibody component comprising a liner and a transition piece integral with the liner claim 1 , and wherein the surface is an outer diameter surface of the unibody ...

Semiconductor element

A semiconductor element includes a substrate and a semiconductor layer. The substrate has a first main face and a second main face. The semiconductor layer is formed on a side of one of the first main face and the second main face of the substrate. The substrate has a plurality of isolated processed portions and an irregularity face that runs from the processed portions at least to the first main face of the substrate and links adjacent ones of the processed portions.

Method and device for producing masks for a laser installation

In the method for producing masks and/or diaphragms for a laser installation for the creation of microstructures on a solid body surface according to the mask projection technique, predetermined opaque surface portions which scatter the laser radiation are produced in the mask and/or diaphragm substrate by roughening and modifying the latter by means of a femtosecond, picosecond or fluor laser beam. Such masks and diaphragms have a strongly improved lifetime and accuracy and may e.g. serve for the creation of blazed gratings which, arranged in diffraction grating arrays on a solid body surface, serve for producing spectral colors and mixed colors of high brilliance.

Operating machine and relative method for the surface treatment of cylinders

A machine for the surface treatment of a cylinder includes a first operative station for supporting the cylinder and for bringing it into rotation around its longitudinal axis, and at least a second operative station cooperating with the first station for generating and emitting, by means of an optical fiber apparatus, pulsed laser radiations randomly striking the surface of the cylinder and defining a desired roughness on the same surface; the second station being adjustably coupled with the first station in a first direction parallel with respect to the axis of the cylinder and carrying one or more pulsed laser radiation emitting heads, and slidingly assembled with respect to the cylinder in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.

Methods of forming images by laser micromachining

방법 및 레이저 프로세싱 시스템(2)은 기판(102)에서 상이한 표면 효과를 달성하기 위한 3개의 상이한 세트의 레이저 프로세싱 파라미터로 기판(102)을 처리한다. 제1의 세트의 레이저 파라미터는 기판에 리세스(106)를 형성하기 위해 활용된다. 리세스(106)의 표면(108)을 연마하기 위해 제2의 세트의 연마용 레이저 파라미터가 활용될 수 있다. 바람직한 시각적 외관에 대한 조건을 만족하는 광학적 특성을 갖도록 리세스(106)의 연마된 표면(108)을 변형하기 위해 제3의 세트의 표면 변형 레이저 파라미터가 활용될 수 있다.

Method of laser polishing a connectorized optical fiber and a connectorized optical fiber formed in accordance therewith

Laser polishing is achieved by directing laser beam perpendicular at the fiber end face in a connectorized optical fiber having a metal ferrule. The spot size of the laser beam is larger than the bare optical fiber diameter, providing a more uniform spatial distribution of the radiation energy over the fiber end face. The metal ferrule provides heat conduction to prevent excessive heat built up at the fiber tip, which would lead to undesirable surface defects and geometries. The connectorized optical fiber may be pre-shaped prior to laser polishing. Subsequent laser polishing flattens the fiber end face.

An engine and a method of making same

I.c. engine cylinder bore wall with pockets for retaining lubricant

Pockets 24 for retaining lubricant are formed, eg by laser honing, in the cylinder bore wall 16 of an i.c. engine. The pockets 24, eg 1mm long, 20žm deep and 60žm wide, are elongate with axes at between 0 and 10 degrees to the cylinder axis and are located in at least the top dead centre ring reversal region aa. The pockets may be spaced 0.5-2mm apart and staggered such that their axes are offset from each other. Further such pockets may be formed in a region (bb, fig.2) corresponding to the bottom dead centre ring reversal region. Outside these TDC and/or BDC ring reversal regions, the cylinder bore wall may have a different surface relief, eg secondary pockets (26, fig.4) arranged with their axes at 90 degrees to the cylinder axis, cross hatching or grooves. After rough honing of the bore, the pockets may be formed by laser honing after which the bore is fine honed eg in cross hatch manner at 45-60 degrees to the cylinder axis. The invention is equally applicable to an engine with cylinder liners.

An engine and method of making same

Method for recontouring a compressor blade or a turbine blade for a gas turbine

A method for recontouring a blade of a gas turbine includes systematically melting a portion of a leading edge of the blade using an energy beam so as to form a new contour of hardened material substantially without incorporating additional material.

Systems and methods of laser texturing of material surfaces and their applications

The surface of a material is textured and by exposing the surface to pulses from an ultrafast laser. The laser treatment causes pillars to form on the treated surface. These pillars provide for greater light absorption. Texturing and crystallization can be carried out as a single step process. The crystallization of the material provides for higher electric conductivity and changes in optical and electronic properties of the material. The method may be performed in vacuum or a gaseous environment. The gaseous environment may aid in texturing and/or modifying physical and chemical properties of the surfaces. This method may be used on various material surfaces, such as semiconductors, metals and their alloys, ceramics, polymers, glasses, composites, as well as crystalline, nanocrystalline, polycrystalline, microcrystalline, and amorphous phases.

Method of making a metal reinforcing piece

A metal reinforcing piece for mounting on a leading edge or trailing edge of a composite blade for a turbine engine is made by shaping two metal sheets, positioning them on either side of a core, assembling the two sheets together around the core under a vacuum, shaping them on the core by hot isostatic compression, and cutting them to separate the reinforcing piece and release the core. A predetermined roughness is given to at least a portion of the surface of the core and is transferred to a corresponding portion of an inside surface of the reinforcing piece by the hot isostatic compression.

표면 상에 3차원 앵커링 구조들을 형성하기 위한 방법

표면 상에 3차원 앵커링 구조들을 형성하기 위한 방법이 제공된다. 이는, 자신의 구성 코팅들에 대한 향상된 부착성을 보이는 열장벽 코팅 시스템을 초래할 수 있다. 방법은, 고형 재료의 표면 상에 액화 베드(16)를 형성하기 위해 레이저 빔(10)을 고형 재료(14)의 표면(12)에 인가하는 단계, 그 다음으로, 액화 베드 외측에 액화 재료의 튀어오름형상(20) 또는 물결형상(25)과 같은 디스터번스(disturbance)를 야기하기 위해 레이저 에너지(18)의 펄스를 액화 베드의 일부분에 인가하는 단계를 포함한다. 그에 따라, 액화 재료의 튀어오름형상 또는 물결형상의 고형화시에 3차원 앵커링 구조(22)가 표면 상에 형성될 수 있다.

초발수 면이 형성된 파이프 연결관

본 발명은 파이프 연결관에 관한 것으로서 특히 연결관 내면을 초발수 면으로 구성함으로써 물때와 이물질이 연결관 내면에 퇴적되는 것을 방지하도록 하는 초발수 면이 형성된 파이프 연결관에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의한 초발수 면이 형성된 파이프 연결관은 파이프와 파이프를 연결하여 파이프를 유동하는 유체가 연속하여 유동하도록 하는 파이프 연결관에 있어서, 상기 파이프 연결관의 내면에는 파이프 연결관과 일체형이고, 폭이 100~500nm 크기인 미세돌기(201)들이 형성되어 파이프 연결관 내면이 초발수 효과를 갖도록 구성된다.

Surface treatment method for metal material and force sensor

A surface treatment method for roughening a surface of a metal material by a laser beam includes: forming a roughened surface adhesion portion on the surface of the metal material by irradiating the laser beam on the surface of the metal material to form a plurality of roughened regions within the roughened surface adhesion portion, each of the roughened regions being formed in a circular shape having an outer ring adjacent to each other. The roughened regions are arranged to satisfy the following Equation (1): 0.5a<d<1.5a  (1) where “a” is a diameter of the outer ring of each of the roughened regions, and “d” is a center pitch between adjacent roughened regions.

초합금 구성요소의 수리

복수의 서비스-유도 크랙(18,20)들을 포함하는 구성요소의 섹션(24)이 제거되며, 그 후 초합금 재료의 교체 섹션(26)이 붕소 또는 실리콘을 함유하지 않는 구조적 경납땜 조인트(28)에 의해 설치되는 초합금 구성요소(22)를 수리하는 방법. 교체 섹션은 상부 열 배리어 코팅(42)에 대한 접합력을 강화하기 위한 텍스쳐 가공된 표면(38)을 가질 수 있다. 교체 섹션은 통상적인 서비스-유도 크랙 패턴 및 따라서 구멍을 뚫어 제거되는 섹션을 예상하여 표준화된 치수들로 사전-제조될 수 있다. 교체 섹션과 구성요소 사이의 경계면은 그 사이에 기계적 맞물림을 제공하도록 성형될 수 있다.

Method and apparatus for surface treatment of roll

A method for surface treatment of a roll, in which a laser is emitted on a roll surface to fabricate a pattern, includes a section allocation operation in which the roll surface is divided into multiple sections, and a pattern fabrication operation in which the roll is rotated in a circumferential direction, and a random pattern is fabricated on each of the fabrication sections, and an apparatus includes an apparatus frame, a fixing unit which is installed on the apparatus frame, supports a roll, and rotates in a circumferential direction of the roll, a laser unit which is installed on the apparatus frame, and emits a laser to the roll so that a pattern received may be formed on the roll surface through etching, and a displacement unit which is installed on the apparatus frame, and moves the laser unit along a lengthwise direction of the roll.

Laser ablation method for treating a copper alloy containing metallic surface and increasing hydrophobicity

A method of treating a metallic surface comprising a copper alloy, such as phosphor bronze, whereby the metallic surface is ablated by directing a laser beam with a diameter of 200-400 μm produced by a CO 2 laser with a pulse frequency of 1200-1800 HZ onto the metallic surface, and a N 2 assist gas is concurrently applied with a pressure of 550-650 KPa co-axially with the laser beam to form an ablated metallic surface comprising microgrooves with Cu 3 N present on a surface of the microgrooves, wherein the ablated metallic surface has a higher surface hydrophobicity than the metallic surface prior to the ablating.

Method for producing a hydrophobic or superhydrophobic surface topography

A method for producing a hydrophobic or superhydrophobic surface topography on a smooth or structured surface of a pressing tool in the form of a pressing plate, endless belt, or embossing roller for producing material plates, plastic films, separating films, PVC surfaces, and LVTs (luxury vinyl tiles), includes the following steps: preparing a surface template having a microstructure, making an impression of the surface using a resin, scanning the molded surface using a 3-D microscope, converting the digitalized data from the scanning process with depth measurement into grayscale bitmaps, using the grayscale bitmaps to control the machining process of an abrasive surface treatment or to apply a mask for chemically processing the pressing tool in order to produce the surface topography. For this purpose, either the pressing tool is partially covered with a mask and subjected to an etching operation or the determined grayscale bitmap data are used to control an abrasive machining head.

Softening materials based on thiol-ene copolymers

Embodiments of the invention are directed to softening amorphous polymeric materials based on a combination of thiol, acrylate, ene and epoxy monomers. These materials can soften to the modulus of tissue, have a sharp transition and are highly tunable. The materials have a glassy modulus of 1-7 GPa and exhibit a rubbery plateau in modulus that can range from 100 MPa down to as low as 0.03 MPa, which is at or below the modulus of tissue. They have potential uses as materials for near net shape processing such as casting, stereolithography, reaction injection molding, fused deposition molding and various other forms of 3D printing.

Method and apparatus for preparing a surface for bonding a material thereto

A method for preparing a surface of a substrate for bonding a material to the surface. The apparatus employed includes one or more optical amplification devices (OAD), one or more drivers, the substrate and a base. The one or more OAD and/or the substrate are moveably coupled to the one or more drivers. The one or more OAD is activated to emit a beam of energy. The one or more OAD and/or the substrate move relative to one another while the one or more OAD is activated. The movement of the one or more OAD and/or the substrate relative to one another forms (via the beam of energy) a pattern on the surface of the substrate. The pattern formed on the surface of the substrate allows the material to bond with a greater degree of adhesion.

Earth-boring tools having cutting elements with cutting faces exhibiting multiple coefficients of friction, and related methods

An earth-boring tool having at least one cutting element with a multi-friction cutting face provides for the steering of formation cuttings as the cuttings slide across the cutting face. The multi-friction cutting element includes a diamond table bonded to a substrate of superabrasive material. The diamond table has a cutting face formed thereon with a cutting edge extending along a periphery of the cutting face. The cutting face has a first area having an average surface finish roughness less than an average surface finish roughness of a second area of the cutting face, the two areas separated by a boundary having a proximal end proximate a tool crown and a distal end remote from the tool crown.

Method for forming three-dimensional anchoring structures on a surface

A method for forming three-dimensional anchoring structures on a surface is provided. This may result in a thermal barrier coating system exhibiting enhanced adherence for its constituent coatings. The method involves applying a laser beam ( 10 ) to a surface ( 12 ) of a solid material ( 14 ) to form a liquefied bed ( 16 ) on the surface of the solid material, then applying a pulse of laser energy ( 18 ) to a portion of the liquefied bed to cause a disturbance, such as a splash ( 20 ) or a wave ( 25 ) of liquefied material outside the liquefied bed. A three-dimensional anchoring structure ( 22 ) may thus be formed on the surface upon solidification of the splash or wave of liquefied material.

Laser-based lap welding of sheet metal components using laser induced protuberances to control gap

A method for laser welding first and second components is provided including moving a laser beam across a portion of a surface of the first component at a speed sufficient to generate protuberances on the surface of the first component by means of a humping effect, juxtaposing said first and second components such that opposed surfaces of the first and second components are separated by said protuberances on the surface of the first component, and laser welding said first and second components by scanning the laser beam in a region in which said surfaces are separated by said protuberances. The height of the protuberances can be controlled by controlling a scanning speed of the laser beam.

Cutting tool

A cutting tool includes a portion made of a high hardness material. The portion includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge. The rake face is divided into a region A along the cutting edge and a region B excluding the region A of the rake face, a surface roughness of the region A is smaller than a surface roughness of the region B, and the region B is deepened with respect to a position of the region A.

Laser polishing system and method for metal face seal

A laser polishing method for a metal face seal is provided. The method includes determining, using a processor, a first smoothness level of a seal face surface of the metal face seal. The method includes applying, using the processor, a laser beam at a first angle to at least one peak on the seal face surface of the metal face seal, the first angle measured relative to a normal to the seal face surface. The method includes determining, using the processor, a second smoothness level of the seal face surface. The method includes controlling, using the processor, the laser beam until the second smoothness level is equal to a threshold smoothness level. The method includes turning off the laser beam, using the processor, when the second smoothness level is equal to the threshold smoothness level isotropically over the seal face surface.

Brake disc and method for producing a brake disc

A brake disc includes a basic body with at least one contact surface that has a wearing coat applied thereon. The at least one contact surface of the basic body is pretreated to realize the bond between the wearing coat and the basic body. The at least one pretreated contact surface of the basic body has a surface topography that is modified by laser irradiation and has at least one predetermined parameter. A method produces the brake disc.

Prespray processing method

A boring cutter body ( 5 ) is inserted into a circular hole ( 3 ) and is rotated and moved in an axial direction, whereby screw-shaped groove parts ( 11 ) are formed by using a tool bit ( 9 ) provided on a tip end of an outer peripheral portion, and broken surfaces ( 15 ) are formed by breaking tips of ridge parts generated by formation of the groove parts ( 11 ). Moreover, the groove parts ( 11 ) are processed through electric discharge machining using a wire electrode ( 17 ) provided to the boring cutter body ( 5 ) behind the tool bit ( 9 ) in the rotating direction, thereby forming finely roughened portions ( 41 ) having more finely roughened shapes than the broken surfaces ( 15 ).

Super charger components

A pulley assembly having a body, a shaft mount and a plurality of bolts is disclosed. The body is aligned to the shaft mount by providing a tight tolerance between a shoulder portion of the bolt and a neck portion of a counter sunk hole formed in the body. Additionally, an outer surface of the body may have a pattern of friction lines or patches formed by fusing particulate matter to the outer surface with heat generated by a laser beam.

Process for making a turbulator by additive manufacturing

A turbulator fabrication process and a fabricated article are provided. The turbulator fabrication process includes providing a system configured for directing a first fusion energy and a second fusion energy, positioning a turbulator material on a substrate, and directing the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy toward the turbulator material and the substrate. The directing of the first fusion energy and the second fusion energy modifies the turbulator material forming one or more turbulators on the substrate. The fabricated article includes a substrate and one or more turbulators formed on the substrate. Each of the one or more turbulators includes at least one root portion providing a concave transition between the substrate and the turbulator.

Sliding member and production method for same

A sliding member has a sliding surface of a different form than a conventional sliding surface, and exhibits stable sliding characteristics even under a high surface pressure. The sliding member has a sliding surface formed on a surface of a metal base material, and includes two surface textures: a hard part and a tough part. The tough part contacts with the hard part and has a hardness lower than that of the hard part. The sliding surface includes the surface texture, in which the hard part and the tough part that supports the hard part are present in a mixed fashion with a micro-meso region level, and stably exhibits excellent wear resistance.

Method for forming three-dimensional anchoring structures on a surface by propagating energy through a multi-core fiber

A method for forming three-dimensional anchoring structures on a surface is provided. This method may result in a thermal barrier coating system exhibiting enhanced adherence for its constituent coatings. The method involves applying a first laser beam ( 20 ) through a first portion ( 7 ) of a multi-core fiber ( 4 ) to a surface ( 12 ) of a solid material ( 14 ) to form a liquefied bed ( 16 ) on the surface ( 12 ) of the solid material ( 14 ), then applying a pulse of laser energy ( 24 ) through a second portion ( 6 ) of the multi-core fiber ( 4 ) to a portion of the liquefied bed ( 16 ) to cause a disturbance, such as a splash ( 28 ) of liquefied material outside the liquefied bed ( 16 ). A three-dimensional anchoring structure ( 30 ) may thus be formed on the surface ( 12 ) upon solidification of the splash ( 28 ) of the liquefied material.

Super charger components

A pulley assembly having a body, a shaft mount and a plurality of bolts is disclosed. The body is aligned to the shaft mount by providing a tight tolerance between a shoulder portion of the bolt and a neck portion of a counter sunk hole formed in the body. Additionally, an outer surface of the body may have a pattern of friction lines or patches formed by fusing particulate matter to the outer surface with heat generated by a laser beam.

Method for cleaning and stripping a turboshaft engine blade using a pulsed laser

A method for cleaning a turboshaft engine blade comprising a superalloy body covered with a coating, in which the coating of the blade is at least partially machined using a pulsed laser. At least the feed rate of the pulsed laser and the pulse frequency of the pulsed laser are parameterized such that the machined surface of the blade has a roughness of 4 μm to 10 μm.

Wire for I-shape oil rings and producing method of the same

Provided is a wire rod for an I-type oil ring, which includes right and left rail portions and a web portion connecting the rail portions, which has an oil hole or a molten through hole formed in the web portion, and which has a circumscribing circle diameter of 10 mm or less in its transverse contour. The molten through hole has such a remolten portion formed on its exit side as encloses the exit of the molten through hole. The remolten portion exceeds such a molten portion in the transverse section along the center of the molten through hole as is formed in the molten through hole, and is formed to have 200 μm or less from the outer circumference of the molten through hole and 100 μm or less in the depth direction of the molten through hole.

Camshaft

A camshaft for an internal combustion engine may include a shaft and at least one component thermally joined thereto. The at least one component may be connected via a component-side joining face to a shaft-side joining face of the shaft. At least one of the component-side joining face and the shaft-side joining face may include a predefined roughness introduced and hardened via a laser. The predefined roughness may define at least one track composed of a plurality of individual laser spots. Each of the plurality of individual laser spots may include a center point arranged offset to each other. The plurality of individual laser spots may respectively be arranged to overlapping each other.