СПОСОБ НАНЕСЕНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЯ НА ФИЛЬТРОВАЛЬНУЮ ОСНОВУ

СТЕКЛОКЕРАМИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛ НА ОСНОВЕ ДИСИЛИКАТА ЛИТИЯ, СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ

... 1. Стеклокерамический материал на основе дисиликата лития, имеющий следующий состав:от 55 до 70 вес.% SiO,от 10 до 15 вес.% LiO,от 10 до 20 вес.% стабилизатора, выбираемого из группы, состоящей из ZrO, HfOили их смеси,от 0.1 до 5 вес.% KO,от 0.1 до 5 вес.% AlO,от 0 до 10 вес.% добавок, выбираемых из группы, состоящей из оксида бора, оксида фосфора, фтора, оксида натрия, оксида бария, оксида стронция, оксида магния, оксида цинка, оксида кальция, оксида иттрия, оксида титана, оксида ниобия, оксида тантала, оксида лантана и их смесей, а такжеот 0 до 10 вес.% красителей.2. Стеклокерамический материал на основе дисиликата лития по п.1, отличающийся тем, что красители представляют собой окрашивающие стекло оксиды и/или пигменты.3. Стеклокерамический материал на основе дисиликата лития по п.2, отличающийся тем, что окрашивающие стекло оксиды выбирают из группы оксидов железа, титана, церия, меди, хрома, кобальта, марганца, селена, серебра, индия, золота, редкоземельных металлов, в частности, неодима ...

VERFAHREN ZUR STEIGERUNG DER RANDSCHICHTFESTIGKEIT AN OBERFLÄCHEN VON AUS SPRÖDHARTEN WERKSTOFFEN GEFERTIGTEN WERKSTÜCKEN

Verfahren zur Wiederinstandsetzung zerbrochener Gegenstaende aus keramischer Masse sowie zur Erzeugung solcher Gegenstaende

PROCESS FOR MODIFYING SURFACE OF HARD ENGINEERING CERAMIC MATERIALS

Concrete compositions

A concrete composition comprises a cementitious component of relatively fine particles and a coarse aggregate which consists of particles at least 70% by weight of which are shaped such that the ratio (Vp:Vs), between the volume (Vp) of a given particle and the volume (Vs) of the notional sphere of minimum volume capable of containing that particle wholly within it, is in the range 1:2 to 1:6. The composition has fewer than 10% by volume of particles having a size in the range 2 mm to 5 mm as determined by retention on British Standard sieves. The compositions can be laid to form a very dense concrete with high mechanical stability which is suitable for use in the construction of load-bearing surfaces e.g. roads, and runways.

Method of processing a composite body

CHEMICAL PROCESS

PROCEDURE FOR THE INCREASE OF THE OUTER ZONE FIRMNESS AT SURFACES OF WORKPIECES MANUFACTURED FROM SPRÖDHARTEN MATERIALS

Procedure for the cleaning of strongly gotten dirty and verkrusteten stone surfaces

LITHIUM DISILICATE GLASS-CERAMIC, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND USE THEREOF

The invention relates to glass ceramics on the basis of the lithium disilicate system, which can be easily mechanically machined in an intermediate stage of the crystallization and which represent high-strength, highly translucent and chemically stable glass ceramics after complete crystallization. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing said glass ceramics. The glass ceramics according to the invention are used as dental material.

HYDRONIUM (H.SUB.30.SUP. ) POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERIONIC CONDUCTORS AND METHOD (ION EXCHANGE) OF MAKING SAME

TITLE HYDRONIUM (H3O+) POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERIONIC CONDUCTORS AND METHOD (ION EXCHANGE) OF MAKING SAME INVENTORS Patrick Stephen NICHOLSON and Kimihiro YAMASHITA An hydronium polycrystalline superionic conductor, having the formula (H3O+,Na+)5(Re)Si4O12, where Re = Y or Gd, is produced from precursor material being Na5YSi4O12 or Na5GdSi4O12. In order to accomplish the aforesaid a range of intermediate ceramics may be produced replacing part of the precursor ceramic sodium by ions of elements in 1A group of the Periodic Table that have an atomic weight above 32 and preferably ions of potassium, cesium, or mixtures of potassium and cesium. To produce the superionic hydronium polycrystalline ceramic conductor and the intermediate ceramic from the feed ceramics aforesaid, the feed ceramic is placed in a chloride melt wherein part of the sodium in the feed ceramic lattice is replaced by an appropriate cation from the melt such as potassium and cesium. Subsequently, a field assisted ionic exchange ...

HYDRONIUM (H.SUB.30.SUP. ) POLYCRYSTALLINE SUPERIONIC CONDUCTORS AND METHOD (ION EXCHANGE) OF MAKING SAME

PROCESS FOR TREATING A SUBSTRATE MADE OF STONE MATERIAL

This invention relates to a process for treating a substrate made of stone material, preferably in the form of slabs, which process is intended to improve the mechanical, thermal and catalytic properties of said substrate. The process according to the invention provides for applying a protective coating to the outer surface of the substrate made of stone material and, in order to improve the adhesion of said protective coating to the outer surface of said substrate, it further provides for preliminarily subjecting the substrate made of stone material to be coated to one or more "pre-treatment" steps that allow to eliminate - or at least reduce - the presence of pollutants and porosity on the surface of said substrate. According to the invention, said "pre-treatment" of the substrate made of stone material comprises at least one step of treatment under vacuum conditions inside an autoclave, preferably under pressure conditions lower than 10-2 mbar. Then, after having brought said substrate ...

PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF AN ARTIFICIAL SURFACE

BREVET D'INVENTION PROCEDE DE TRAITEMENT BIOLOGIQUE D'UNE SURFACE ARTIFICIELLE UNIVERSITE PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE (PARIS VI) L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à la protection et/ou au traitement d'une surface artificielle de préférence d'origine minérale, grâce à un revêtement de surface. Ce revêtement de surface est réalisé in situ sur la surface artificielle en plaçant celle-ci au contact de microorganismes minéralisateurs. Application à l'industrie du bâtiment et des matériaux de construction.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PATTERNED SHAPED ARTICLES

A method for producing a patterned shaped article includes the steps of supplying base particles and ornamental particles into particle-retaining spaces of a retainer, at positions corresponding to a pattern course to be formed and mixing the base particles and ornamental particles within the particle-retaining spaces while supplying base particles alone into particle-retaining spaces of the retainer at positions corresponding to a base course, removing the retainer; and setting the pattern course and base course into an integral mass.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von geformten keramischen Gegenständen.

Procédé pour soumettre un corps de verre, d'une matière vitrocristalline, de céramique ou de roche à un échange d'ions

IMPREGNATING AND PRIMING OF ABSORBENT SUBSTRATES WITH PLASTIC DISPERSIONS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A GEFLOCKTEN MINERAL MATERIAL.

Method and system for protection against oxidation of an oxidizable material.

MATERIAU DE STRUCTURE A BASE DE SILICATE, RESISTANT A L'EAU, ET SON PROCEDE DE FABRICATION

ON DECRIT DES MATIERES MINERALES EN FLOCS QUI PEUVENT ETRE UTILISEES POUR PREPARER DES ARTICLES RESISTANT A L'EAU ET RESISTANT AUX TEMPERATURES ELEVEES. POUR PREPARER CES MATIERES, ON MET EN CONTACT UN SILICATE EN FEUILLES 2 :1 DISPERSE, PRESENTANT UNE DENSITE MOYENNE DE CHARGE QUI VA D'ENVIRON - 0,4 A ENVIRON - 1, PROVENANT EN PARTICULIER DE MICA, VERMICULITE OU LEURS MELANGES, ET QUI CONTIENT DES IONS INTERSTITIELS ECHANGEABLES AVEC AU MOINS UNE ESPECE D'UN CATION D'ECHANGE DERIVE DE COMPOSES ESSENTIELLEMENT CONSTITUES PAR DES COMPOSES DIAMMONIUM OU TRIAMMONIUM, ET ON CONDUIT UNE REACTION D'ECHANGE D'IONS ENTRE AU MOINS QUELQUES-UNS DES IONS INTERSTITIELS ECHANGEABLES ET AU MOINS QUELQUES-UNS DES CATIONS D'ECHANGES, POUR FLOCULER AINSI LE SILICATE.

CEMENTING MATERIAL CONTAINING OF LITHIUM HAS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AMELIOREES, USABLE FOR THE RETENTION OF THE CATIONS, AND PROCEEDED FOR SA MANUFACTURE

METHODS OF ACCELERATED ION EXCHANGE IN CERAMIC ARTICLES

MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF SUBSTRATE CERAMIC HAS MULTI-LAYER AND CERAMICS SUBSTRATES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS

Converting dielectric material to (semi)conductive material - by heat treating in a plasma, esp. created by HF alternating electromagnetic field

The method and system for protection against the oxidation of an oxidizable material

Procede pour augmenter la resistance mecanique a la formation de microfissures dans un joint adhesif structural entre deux pieces ou dans une masse de multimateriau

La presente invention concerne un procede pour augmenter la resistance mecanique a la formation de microfissures dans un joint adhesif structural entre deux pieces ou dans une masse de multimateriau constitue par un agglomerat ou un agregat de particules solides assemblees par un liant, tel que notamment micromortier, mortier et beton. Ce procede est caracterise en ce qu'on soumet le joint adhesif 4 a un effort variant periodiquement suivant un cycle sinusoidal ou sensiblement sinusoidal et d'intensite maximale inferieure au seuil d'amorcage des microfissures. c'est-a-dire en restant toujours dans le domaine elastique global de l'assemblage.

RECOVERY OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES AND OXIDATION STABILITY IMPROVEMENT METHOD FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS

USE OF MULTI-STAGE POLYMERIZATE DISPERSIONS TO COAT METAL SHEETS

The invention relates to the use of aqueous multi-stage polymerizate dispersions, which can be obtained by radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, having a soft phase and a hard phase and a stage ratio of hard to soft of 25 to 95 wt% to 75 to 5 wt%, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the soft phase as the first stage is -30 to 0 °C and the glass transition temperature of the hard phase as the second stage is 20 to 60 °C, containing at least one monomer of general formula (I) in which the variables have the following meaning: n = 0 to 2, R1, R2, R3 = hydrogen or a methyl group independently of each other, X = O or NH, Y = H, alkali metal, NH4, to coat metal sheets.

Asphaltic membrane with mullite-containing granules

A roofing article comprising (i) an asphaltic substrate; and (ii) a plurality of mullite-containing granules disposed on a surface of the substrate, where said mullite-containing granules include a mullite concentration of at least 35 wt % and at most 63 wt % as determined by quantitative x-ray diffraction.

СПОСОБ ТЕПЛОВЛАЖНОСТНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ БЕТОННЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ

Изобретение относится к способу тепловлажностной обработки отформованных бетонных изделий, преимущественно сложной формы, например, зубатых железобетонных шпал. Способ тепловлажностной обработки железобетонных зубатых шпал заключается в том, что после схватывания бетона зубатый выступ на подошве подрельсовой зоны шпалы окружают оболочкой, установленной с зазором по периметру, и заливают водой. Поддерживают нужную температуру. Техническим результатом является повышение эффективности тепловлажной обработки.

СОСТАВ ДЛЯ ПРОПИТКИ СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ - КОМПОЗИЦИЯ ГИДРОФОБИЗИРУЮЩАЯ

СТРУЙНАЯ ПЕЧАТЬ НА ИЗДЕЛИЯХ ИЗ ФИБРОЦЕМЕНТА

Verfahren der Herstellung groesserer Flaechengebilde, wie Hausfronten, aus Kunststein

Dekorative Wand-, Decken- oder Fassadenbeschichtung mit strukturierter, aufgerauhter Oberfläche und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung

IMPRAEGNIEREN UND GRUNDIEREN VON SAUGFAEHIGEN SUBSTRATEN MIT KUNSTSTOFFDISPERSIONEN

Verfahren zur Fixierung temperaturanzeigender Farbpigmente

Verfahren zur Erhoehung der Lagerbestaendigkeit von aus gebranntem Dolomit oder Kalk hergestellten feuerfesten Steinen

Method for coating a filter substrate

Super-hard structure, tool element and method of making same

PREVENTION OF THERMAL SPALLING IN CERAMIC PRODUCTS

FLOCCED MINERAL MATERIAL

FORMULATION OF SURFACE COATINGS

SINGLE PHASE ENRICHMENT OF SUPER CRITICAL FLUIDS

STONE SURFACE TREATING METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS

A process for treating a stone surface is disclosed. Stone floor surfaces, such as, marble and terrazzo, are treated with an acid conditioner followed by buffing with a crystallizing agent whereby a durable, high gloss finish is produced in situ on the floor surface.

PREVENTION OF THERMAL SPALLING IN REFRACTORY PRODUCTS

A refractory product is heated or cooled at one side to establish a temperature gradient for causing sinter so as to develop residual stress in said product; in this way thermal spalling which is generated by differences in temperature during use is prevented.

A METHOD AND FIBERS FOR FABRICATING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL HAVING A MATRIX REINFORCED BY CERAMIC FIBERS

After the precursor has been ceramized and before the matrix of the composite material has been formed, the fibers are irradiated by being exposed to electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength that is less than or equal to the wavelength of X-rays, and preferably to gamma radiation.

INK-JET PRINTING ON FIBER CEMENT PRODUCTS

PROCESS Of WORK HARDENING OF DIAMONDS

A METHOD FOR PREVENTING the THERMAL BURSTING OF CERAMIC PRODUCTS

MANUFACTORING PROCESS OF SUBSTRATE CERAMIC HAS MULTI-LAYER AND CERAMICS SUBSTRATES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS

Process and device intended to modify the color or the nature of the surface of ceramic products

METHOD OF TREATING FIBERS OF SILICON CARBIDE BY CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION OF REACTIVE

Method of producing silicon nitride ceramic component

A method of producing a silicon nitride ceramic component, comprising: grinding a silicon nitride sintered body comprising alpha -Si3N4 having an average grain size of 0.5 mu m or smaller and beta '-sialon having an average grain size of 3 mu m or smaller in major axis and 1 mu m or smaller in minor axis into a predetermined size with a surface roughness of 1-7 mu m in ten-point mean roughness; heat treating the same at temperature range of 800 DEG -1200 DEG C. in the air; and standing it to allow to be cooled, whereby providing a residual stress in the ground surface before and after the heat treating as a residual compressive stress at a ratio of 1 or higher of the residual compressive stress after the heat treating to that before the heat treating (residual compressive stress after the heat treating/residual compressive stress before the heat treating), preferably 5 or more.

Method of strengthening silicon nitride ceramics

Si3N4 ceramics having a glassy phase densification aid are heated while their surface is in contact with SiO2. The SiO2 forms one side of a diffusion couple and draws the glassy phase out of the ceramic. The SiO2 can be provided by heating the ceramic in air to form an SiO2 scale by the oxidation of Si3N4, or by imbedding the ceramic in SiO2 powder. Surface pits, if any, formed during oxidation, are removed by grinding.

Method of converting a precursor ceramic solid into a solid ceramic hydronium conductor

A method of converting a feed solid polycrystalline of ß alumina into a hydronium conductor requires the preselection of an appropriate feed ceramic preferably with a chemical forumula;

(Na0.6K0.4)2O (3w/o MgO) ß/ß" Al2O3

and with a f(ß) of 0.37 ± 0.03

wherein



The crystallographic lattice is altered by placing the solid feed ceramic in an ionic solution or melt containing two or more ionic species of different ionic radii; the composition of the melt or solution being written: M1, M2 (M3...) X where M1 and M2 (and M3 etc.) are ions of dissimilar size and as examples sodium, potassium, lithium and hydronium ions. After a time the material is removed, washed and subjected to a field effect exchange whereby the desired hydronium conducting solid ceramic having the following chemical composition is achieved;

(H3O+@a/Na+@b/K+@c)2O Z ß/ß"Al2O3

where (a) (b) (c) = 0 l and a + b + c = l and Z is a stabilizer of the ß" phase.

Procedure for reforming calcium carbonate in the restoration of stone monuments or the like

Procedure for restoring monuments made of stone or similar materials consisting of the removal of the sulfate present in the deteriorated stone caused by the pollutant urban air, releasing the calcium ion in the original stc followed by re-exposure to the action of carbon dioxide ur controlled conditions, in order to reprecipitate the calcium as the carbonate, in the calcite form.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МНОГОСТАДИЙНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ ДИСПЕРСИЙ ДЛЯ НАНЕСЕНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЙ НА МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЕ ЛИСТЫ

Изобретение относится к применению водной многостадийной полимерной дисперсии, полученной путем радикально инициируемой водной эмульсионной полимеризации, содержащей мягкую и жесткую фазы с соотношением жесткой фазы к мягкой фазе 25-95 мас.% к 75-5 мас.%, причем температура стеклования (Tg) мягкой фазы, полученной на первой стадии, составляет от -30 до 0°C и жесткой фазы, полученной на второй стадии - от 20 до 60°C, и содержащей звенья по меньшей мере одного мономера общей формулы (I), в которой n означает число от 0 до 2, R1, R2, R3 независимо друг от друга означают водород или метильную группу, X означает кислород или NH, и Y означает водород, щелочной металл или NH, для нанесения покрытий на профилированные металлические кровельные элементы. Описаны также металлический лист, представляющий собой профилированный металлический кровельный элемент, способ нанесения покрытия на профилированные металлические листы, в том числе с использованием гранулята. Технический результат – обеспечение ...

СПОСОБ ТЕРМИЧЕСКОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ МИНЕРАЛА И ТЕРМИЧЕСКИ ОБРАБОТАННЫЙ МИНЕРАЛ

Изобретение относится к области обогащения нерудных полезных ископаемых и физико-химической обработки ювелирных камней, в частности гранатов, предпочтительно, хромсодержащих андрадитов, и может найти применение в ювелирной промышленности. Техническим результатом является улучшение цветовых характеристик низкокачественного демантоида. Способ термической обработки минерала включает термообработку минерала до изменения цвета указанного минерала. Термообработка проводится при температуре, °С: 700 ÷ 900 в течение, мин: 20 ÷ 120 в восстановительной атмосфере. Минерал относится к группе гранатов. 2 н. и 13 з.п. ф-лы.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МНОГОСТАДИЙНЫХ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ ДИСПЕРСИЙ ДЛЯ НАНЕСЕНИЯ ПОКРЫТИЙ НА МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИЕ ЛИСТЫ

... 1. Применение водных многостадийных полимерных дисперсий, полученных путем радикально инициируемой водной эмульсионной полимеризации, содержащих мягкую и жесткую фазы с соотношением жесткой фазы к мягкой фазе 25-95мас.% к 75-5мас.%, причем температура стеклования (Tg) мягкой фазы в качестве первой стадии составляет от -30 до 0°С и жесткой фазы в качестве второй стадии от 20 до 60°С, и содержащих звенья по меньшей мере одного мономера общей формулы (I):в которой переменные имеют следующие значения:n=0-2,R1, R2, R3 независимо друг от друга означают водород или метильную группу,X означает О или NH,Y означает Н, щелочной металл или NHдля нанесения покрытий на металлические листы.2. Применение водной полимерной дисперсии по п. 1 для нанесения покрытий на профилированные металлические кровельные элементы.3. Применение водной полимерной дисперсии по п. 1 или 2, отличающееся тем, что нижний и/или верхний слой покрытия содержит водную полимерную дисперсию.4. Применение водной полимерной дисперсии ...

CПOCOБ OCУШEHИЯ BЛAЖHЫX ПOPИCTЫX CTPOИTEЛЬHЫX ЭЛEMEHTOB

Large sintered ceramic component mfg. - by breaking sintered body into segments at most fragile zones by thermal shock to be reassembled with mechanical bonding

To form large shaped components with improved resistance to thermal shock, especially of sintered ceramics, the component is initially formed into the required shape which is then sintered followed by any necessary finishing. A thermally induced tension is applied at the most fragile sections of the sintered component, to break it into separate segments. The segments are finally bonded together mechanically into the complete component, together with any necessary finishing. Before the shaped body is sintered, the most fragile sections are marked by scratching or notching. The thermally induced tension is applied to the most fragile zones of the component, while the sintered body is still hot, using a cold water stream. The sintered body is cooled to the required temp, for shock separation into segments while the sintered component is washed. ADVANTAGE - The components are resistant to thermal shock, and are easily produced with min. working.

Verfahren zur Dotierung oder zum Einfärben von Keramik, Glaskeramik oder Glas

Bei einem Verfahren zur Dotierung oder zum Einfärben von Keramik, Glaskeramik oder Glas wird die Keramik, die Glaskeramik oder das Glas als Pulver oder Granulat bereitgestellt und dieses Pulver bzw. Granulat mit einer Lösung oder Suspension, die Metallionen und/oder Metallkomplexe enthält, in Kontakt gebracht. Dieses Verfahren findet insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Formkörpern, die mindestens teilweise aus den genannten Materialien bestehen, Verwendung. Vorzugsweise wird auf diese Weise ein Formkörper aus Dentalkeramik hergestellt.

Method of making a treated super-hard structure

Method for treating reinforced concrete and/or the reinforcemtnt thereof

FORMULATION FOR CONCRETE OR LIKE WATER HARDENED MIXED MATERIAL

... 1486195 Cellular concretes JOHN LAING & SON Ltd 12 Dec 1974 [12 Dec 1973] 57659/73 Heading C3N [Also in Divisions C1 and E1] A hardened concrete or mortar formulation of which the controlled deformation characteristics under compression loading render it particularly suitable for use as a support for the roof of a mine-working excavation, consists essentially of a cementitious water-hardened binding agent, an aggregate, from 5% to 60% by volume of entrained air and fibres in an amount of from above 2À2% to 22% by weight of the binding agent. The formulation may contain Portland cement or high-alumina cement, natural or synthetic aggregate of up to 1¢ inches diameter with an aggregate: cement ratio of below 10 : 1 and fibres with lengths of up to 2 inches. A cribbage of aspect ratio 3 : 1 may be formed of blocks of the concrete of size 10 to 60 inches long and 4 to 40 square inches average cross-sectional area (see Fig. 1). The blocks may have the configurations depicted in Figs. 2 and 3 ...

METHOD OF MAKING A MULTI-LAYER CERAMIC SUBSTRATE PRINTED CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY

Superhard structure, tool element and method of making same

PROCEDURE FOR THE SUPPLY OF ELECTRIC CURRENT AT PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

PROCEDURE FOR THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF POROUS BUILDING MATERIALS, IN PARTICULAR FOR DRYING AND THE REALKALISATION.

BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF A ARTIFIZIELLEN SURFACE.

PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC COMPOUND BODIES AND SO MANUFACTURED BODIES.

PROCEDURE AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE STONE SURFACE TREATMENT.

IMPREGNATING AND PRIMING OF ABSORBENT SUBSTRATES WITH PLASTIC DISPERSIONS

IMPRAEGNIEREN UND GRUNDIEREN VON SAUGFAEHIGEN SUBSTRATEN MIT KUNSTSTOFFDISPERSIONEN

STONE SURFACE TREATING COMPOSITION AND METHOD

FLOCCED MINERAL MATERIALS AND WATER-RESISTANT ARTICLES MATERIALS MADE THEREFROM

Use of multi-stage polymerizate dispersions to coat metal sheets

The invention relates to the use of aqueous multi-stage polymerizate dispersions, which can be obtained by radically initiated aqueous emulsion polymerization, having a soft phase and a hard phase and a stage ratio of hard to soft of 25 to 95 wt% to 75 to 5 wt%, wherein the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the soft phase as the first stage is -30 to 0 °C and the glass transition temperature of the hard phase as the second stage is 20 to 60 °C, containing at least one monomer of general formula (I) in which the variables have the following meaning: n = 0 to 2, R1, R2, R3 = hydrogen or a methyl group independently of each other, X = O or NH, Y = H, alkali metal, NH ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING A MINERAL MATTER FLOCULEE, MINERAL MATTERS FLOCULEES THUS OBTAINED, ARTICLES RESISTING WATER PREPARE FROM THOSE AND THEIR METHOD OF PREPARATION

Process and fibres for the composite manufacture of material with matrix reinforced by ceramic fibres

Après céramisation du précurseur et avant formation de la matrice du matériau composite, les fibres sont irradiées par exposition à un rayonnement électromagnétique de longueur d'onde égale ou inférieure à celle des rayons X, de préférence un rayonnement gamma.

PROCEDE POUR PREPARER UNE MATIERE MINERALE FLOCULEE, MATIERES MINERALES FLOCULEES AINSI OBTENUES, ARTICLES RESISTANT A L'EAU PREPARES A PARTIR DE CELLES-CI ET LEUR PROCEDE DE PREPARATION

MATIERES MINERALES FLOCULEES QUI PEUVENT ETRE UTILISEES POUR PREPARER DES ARTICLES RESISTANT A HAUTE TEMPERATURE, RESISTANT A L'EAU. CES MATIERES SONT PREPAREES EN UTILISANT COMME MATIERE DE DEPART, D'UN SILICATE GONFLE EN COUCHES GELIFIABLES QUI A UNE CHARGE MOYENNE PAR MOTIF STRUCTURAL ALLANT D'ENVIRON 0,4 A 1 ET QUI CONTIENT DES CATIONS INTERSTICIELS QUI FAVORISENT LE GONFLEMENT AVEC UNE SOURCE D'AU MOINS UNE ESPECE DE CATIONS DERIVANT D'UNE MULTIAMINE. APPLICATION NOTAMMENT A LA FABRICATION D'ISOLANTS ELECTRIQUES ET DE PLAQUES DE CIRCUITS IMPRIMES.

Method of treating natural stones soft to provide the appearance and the qualities of the onyx and marbles

PROCEDE DE FABRICATION DE SUBSTRAT CERAMIQUE A MULTICOUCHES ET SUBSTRATS DE CERAMIQUE OBTENU PAR CE PROCEDE

Procédé de fabrication de substrat céramique multicouches utilisé dans les assemblages de dispositif à circuits intégrés. Le procédé comporte les étapes suivantes : la formation de plusieurs feuilles de céramique non vernies et poreuses, l'imprégnation des pores de la feuille de céramique non vernie avec un liant organique, la formation d'ouvertures à travers la feuille de céramique imprégnée, le remplissage des ouvertures et d'une configuration de circuits conducteurs imprimée avec un matériau conducteur, l'assemblage des différentes feuilles de céramique imprégnée, imprimée et perforée en une unité laminée, et le chauffage de cette unité pour former une structure laminée unitaire comportant un système de circuits internes interconnectés. Utilisation dans l'industrie des circuits intégrés et des assemblages de semiconducteurs.

Method for manufacturing artificial marbles

Biological mortar compsn.

La présente invention concerne une composition pour mortier biologique contenant séparément une charge minérale et une quantité efficace de bactéries carbonatogènes. Elle concerne également un procédé de recouvrement d'une surface ou un procédé de comblement d'une cavité remarquable en ce que l'on revitalise des bactéries carbonatogènes au moyen d'un liquide nutritif, en ce que la masse revitalisée de bactéries obtenues est mélangée à la charge minérale et le mortier résultant est appliqué à la zone à combler ou à recouvrir. L'invention est notamment utile pour la réfection de surfaces telles que les monuments, en particulier les façades des monuments, les modenatures, les surfaces sculptées, les bas reliefs etc.

USE OF PLASTIC MATERIAL FOR IMPREGNATION AND THE APPLICATION BASE-COATS ON ABSORBENT SUBSTRATES

METHOD FOR INCREASING BOUNDARY LAYER SOLIDITY ON SURFACES OF WORKPIECES MANUFACTURED FROM HARD BRITTLE MATERIALS

The invention relates to a method for increasing the solidity of surfaces of workpieces manufactured from hard brittle materials. The invention is characterized in that narrowly defined surface areas of the workpiece are brought into contact with a tool, which plastically deforms the surface areas and produces internal compressive strain inside the workpiece close to the surface.

Restoration of stone objects

The restoration of monuments and other objects made of stone is described. The process is carried out by immersing the stone object in deionized water in order to dissolve the calcium sulfate contamination present on the deteriorated stone which is caused by the pollutants present in air, then circulating the water containing the dissolved calcium sulfate through an ion exchange resin which can selectively trap the sulfate and release calcium hydroxide into the solution, followed by exposure to carbon dioxide under controlled conditions in order to thereby reprecipitate the calcium ions on the stone object as the carbonate in the calcite crystalline form.

Ceramic member with fine protrusions on surface and method of producing the same

The ceramic member of this invention is formed on the surfaces of crystal grains with a plurality of protrusions having smaller diameter than that of the crystal grain, said crystal grain composing at least the surface or its vicinity of a dense ceramic base material of purity being 95 wt % or higher. Such ceramic members may be produced by performing the surface of a dense ceramic base material with a corrosion treatment in an acid etchant, the dense ceramic base material having purity of 95 wt % or higher and exceeding 90% of a theoretical density, whereby ceramic grains existing on the surface or its vicinity of the base material are formed on the surface thereof with a plurality of protrusions.

Process of electrochemical treatment of oxide materials

Treatment of a material in oxide form with a view to varying its anionic stoichiometry and the products obtained thereby. The treatment can be applied to superconductors, to materials with semiconductive or metallic behaviour or to precursors of such materials. The said treatment consists in employing the material in the form of an electrode during an electrolysis in a liquid, especially in a neutral or basic medium.

METHOD FOR PREPARING CERAMIC BODIES WHICH DO NOT SELF-ADHERE UNDER STRESS OR DURING AGEING

СПОСОБ ГИДРОФОБИЗАЦИИ БЕТОНА

Изобретение относится к способам гидрофобизации бетона или строительного раствора. Технический результат - эффективная объемная и поверхностная гидрофобизация бетона без существенного ухудшения свойств, таких как удобоукладываемость. Способ изготовления гидрофобизированного бетона содержит стадии: (А) обеспечения цементного раствора, подходящего для изготовления бетона; (Б1) добавления водной дисперсии димера алкилкетена, содержащей (а) димер алкилкетена формулыи/или формулы,где Rи Rявляются одинаковыми или разными углеводородными радикалами, содержащими 10-24 атомов углерода, или димер алкилкетена в твердом виде; (б) по меньшей мере одно эмульгирующее вещество, которое имеет содержание азота ≤ 1% по массе, выбранное из группы, состоящей из крахмала, целлюлозы, производного крахмала или производного целлюлозы; (в) продукт конденсации фенолсульфоновой кислоты и формальдегида, нафталинсульфоновой кислоты и формальдегида или нафталинсульфоновой кислоты, фенола, формальдегида и мочевины, где ...

Optical member and process for producing same

An optical member produced from a ceramic in which transparency in each wavelength region can be selectively improved, and a process for producing the optical member. The optical member is obtained by bringing a treatment gas comprising a fluorine atom into contact with an optical material comprising a specific ceramic under conditions according to the specific ceramic to thereby from a fluorinated film capable of improving the transmittance of light having wavelengths in a specific region, on at least some of the surface of the optical material.

Composite Tooling

A carbon foam article useful for, inter alia, composite tooling or other high temperature applications, which includes a substrate, wherein the substrate includes at least one material selected from carbon foam, extruded graphite, graphite foam, and isomolded graphite. The tool may also include a skin as a working surface and a filler disposed below the skin. The tool has a surface roughness of no more than about 63 micro-inches. Such a tool may be used to make a composite prototype part.

Conductor paste for rapid firing

The present invention provides a conductor paste for rapid firing that is applied to a ceramic green sheet and is fired along with the green sheet under high-rate temperature rise conditions at a high heating rate of at least 600° C./hr from room temperature to the maximum firing temperature. The paste includes as a conductor-forming powder material: a conductive metallic powder comprising, as a main component, nickel powder; and barium titanate ceramic powder with a mean particle diameter of 10 nm to 80 nm as an additive. The ceramic powder content is 5 to 25 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the conductive metallic powder.

Abradable layer including a rare earth silicate

An abradable coating may include a rare earth silicate. The abradable coating may be deposited over a substrate, an environmental barrier coating, or a thermal barrier coating. The abradable coating may be deposited on a gas turbine blade track or a gas turbine blade shroud to form a seal between the gas turbine blade track or gas turbine blade shroud and a gas turbine blade. The abradable coating may also include a plurality of layers, such as alternating first and second layers including, respectively, a rare earth silicate and stabilized zirconia or stabilized hafnia.

Method of processing porous article and porous article

A method and a porous article are provided. In said method, a porous article which comprises a matrix material in a solid state and pores therein, is processed at least some of the pores being open to an outer surface of the article. A flowing treatment substance is applied to the outer surface of the article and into at least some of the pores. The flowing treatment substance is allowed to react with the outer surface of the article and surfaces of said at least some of the pores such that a hydrophobic coating layer is established on surfaces thereof. An excess of the flowing treatment substance is removed from the article, and the hydrophobic coating layer established on the outer surface of the article is converted into a hydrophilic coating layer.

Process for the infiltration of porous ceramic components

Process for the infiltration of porous ceramic components, in which a dispersion containing metal oxide particles and having a metal oxide content of at least 30% by weight, based on the dispersion, is used, where the particle size distribution d 50 of the metal oxide particles is not more than 200 nm.

Process for producing fluorinated copolymers of (meth)acrylates and (meth)acrylic acid amine complexes

A process for producing copolymers of (meth)acrylates:(meth)acrylic acid amine complexes useful for hard surfaces having increased performance for stain resistance, oil and water repellency properties.

Oil mist separator

An oil mist separator for a crankcase ventilation system in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The oil mist separator is an impact type separator that includes a nozzle device having at least one nozzle, an impact wall and a separation material configured therebetween. The impact wall is located opposite to the at least one nozzle and may be coated with the separation material. A distance is configured between the nozzle and the separation material, and is reduced compared to a surrounding region, and wherein the separation material in a region of the opposing nozzle projects towards the same and thereby reduces the distance of a nozzle outlet to the separation material in this region compared to the surrounding region.

Composite crucible, method of manufacturing the same, and method of manufacturing silicon crystal

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crucible which has high viscosity at high temperature, and can be used for a long time, and can be manufactured at low cost, and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite crucible 10 is characterized in the use of mullite (3Al 2 O 3 .2SiO 2 ) as the basic material of the crucible. The composite crucible 10 has the crucible body 11 made of mullite material whose main component is alumina and silica, and a transparent vitreous silica layer 12 formed on the inner surface of the crucible body 11 . The thickness of the transparent vitreous silica layer 12 is smaller than that of the crucible body 11 . The crucible body 11 can be formed by the slip casting method, and the transparent vitreous silica layer 12 can be formed by the thermal spraying method.

Refractory material impregnated with phase change material, method for making the same, and temperature controlled chamber formed by the same

The present invention is directed to methods for forming heat absorbing bodies (and the resulting heat absorbing bodies and enclosures formed thereby) that utilize capillary action to draw a fluidic composition comprising a molten phase change material (PCM) into the interstitial spaces of a porous body of a refractory material. In one embodiment, the fluidic composition saturates substantially all of the interstitial spaces of a porous body of a fibrous ceramic refractory material.

Method of producing silicon carbide-coated carbon material

A method of producing a silicon carbide-coated carbon material that comprises heating, under a non-oxidizing atmosphere, a carbon substrate and an amorphous inorganic ceramic material obtained by heating a non-melting solid silicone, thereby forming a silicon carbide coating film on the carbon substrate. A silicon carbide-coated carbon material that exhibits excellent heat resistance and has a uniform silicon carbide coating can be obtained.

Lightweight fire resistant covering for structures

A building panel, a shingle and a flooring tile are all provided including a reticulated foam body having a weather resistant coating made from a material selected from a group consisting of a polymer, a ceramic glaze and mixtures thereof. In addition, a method of producing these products is also provided.

Protective coatings and coated components comprising the protective coatings

A coated component is provided comprising a silicon-based substrate and a braze layer overlying the silicon-based substrate. The braze layer comprises silicon, tantalum, and a metal element having substantially the same melt temperature with silicon as tantalum has with silicon. The braze layer further comprises ceramic particles. Protective coatings are also provided.

Coated fiber cement article with crush resistant latex topcoat

A coated fiber cement article in the form of an unattached fiber cement board substrate having a first major surface at least a portion of which is covered with a crush resistant final topcoat composition comprising a multistage latex polymer, and a method for making a crush resistant coated fiber cement article by coating a fiber cement board substrate with such a composition and stacking the coated boards.

Nucleated cements and related methods

Methods and a kit. A cement forming method includes nucleating an acidic metallophosphate reaction mixture with first particles, resulting in forming a settable metallophosphate cement from the acidic metallophosphate reaction mixture. The first particles include a first metal oxide. Each particle of the first particles independently have a particle size in a range from about 15 microns to about 450 microns. A method for applying cement includes seeding a solution with particles, resulting in forming a settable cement from the solution. The particles have a size in a range from about 15 microns to about 450 microns. The solution includes a first metal oxide reacting with phosphate. The settable cement is applied to a substrate. A cement application kit is also described.

Lithium silicate glass ceramic and glass with ZrO2 content

Lithium silicate glass ceramics and glasses are described which can advantageously be applied to zirconium oxide ceramics in particular by pressing-on in the viscous state and form a solid bond with these.

Ceramic Honeycomb Structure Skin Coating

A porous ceramic (honeycomb) structure skin coating and a method of producing a porous ceramic structure skin coating which provides a hardshell, strong, acid- and alkali-resistant, chip-resistant ceramic honeycomb structure coating which resists pollution control catalyst from being absorbed into the skin coating.

Honeycomb structure comprising an outer cement skin and a cement therefor

Disclosed is a honeycomb catalyst support structure comprising a honeycomb body and an outer layer or skin formed of a cement comprising an amorphous glass powder with a multimodal particle size distribution applied to an exterior surface of the honeycomb body. The multimodal particle size distribution is achieved through the use of a first glass powder having a first median particle size and at least a second glass powder having a second median particle size. In some embodiments, the first and second glass powders are the same amorphous glass consisting of fused silica. The cement may further include a fine-grained, sub-micron sized silica in the form of colloidal silica. The cement exhibits a coefficient of thermal expansion less than 15×10 −7 /° C., and preferably about 5×10 −7 /° C. after drying.

Crucible for photovoltaics

A method for producing a workpiece comprising a layer of an additive-free silicon nitride includes providing a base body of the workpiece. A layer of a slip comprising a silicon powder is applied to an inside of the base body so as to obtain a coated base body. The coated base body is subjected to a reactive firing under nitrogen so as to convert the silicon powder to the additive-free silicon nitride.

Filtering structure, including plugging material

Filter structure of the honeycomb type for filtering particulate-laden gases, said structure being characterized in that: a) the filtering walls of said honeycomb structure are made of a material having, after firing, an average thermal expansion coefficient, measured between 25 and 1100° C., of less than 2.5×10 −6 K −1 ; and b)the material constituting the plugs comprises: a filler formed from refractory grains, the melting temperature of which is above 1500° C., and the median diameter of which is between 5 and 50 microns; and a glassy binder phase.

Glass composition, light source device and illumination device

A glass composition including, in oxide-based mol %: (a) at least 30% and at most 50% P 2 O 5 , (b) at least 10% and at most 50% ZnO, (c) at least 0.1% and at most 10% Al 2 O 3 , (d) at least 0% and at most 50% Li 2 O, (e) at least 0% and at most 50% Na 2 O, (f) at least 0% and at most 50% K 2 O, (g) at least 0% and at most 20% MgO, (h) at least 0% and at most 20% CaO, (i) at least 0% and at most 20% SrO, (j) at least 0% and at most 20% BaO, (k) at least 0% and at most 20% SnO, and (1) at least 0% and at most 5% B 2 O 3 , substantially not comprising ZrO 2 and Ag 2 O, and (a)/(b), the ratio of (a) and (b), being at least 0.2 and at most 2.0.

Method for repairing concrete surfaces

Products and methods for treating imperfections in concrete surfaces, especially floors being polished, wherein the products are used with grinding equipment, and combine with concrete powder or fines to fill, e.g., cracks, holes and voids and blend with the existing color of the concrete surface thereby yielding a consistent, natural looking surface.

Formulation suitable for use as an anti-graffiti coating having improved coverage properties

The invention relates to a composition suitable for producing anti-graffiti coatings, comprising substantially water-soluble and substantially fully hydrolyzed oligomeric organosiloxanes and at least one polyoxyalkylene block copolymer as a coverage agent and water, to a method for producing same, and to the use thereof. The compositions according to the invention comprise improved film formation properties evident in that cohesive films can be generated during application, such as on porous mineral substrates, without forming droplets.

Phosphor composite member, led device and method for manufacturing phosphor composite member

Provided is a phosphor composite member having excellent thermal resistance, high color rendition, controllability of various chromaticities from a daylight color to a light bulb color, and high luminescence intensity. A phosphor composite member in which a sintered inorganic powder body layer containing a SnO—P 2 O 5 -based glass and an inorganic phosphor powder is formed on a surface of a ceramic base material, wherein upon irradiation with an excitation light, the ceramic base material and the sintered inorganic powder body layer emit different fluorescences having different wavelengths.

High heat-resistant member, method for producing the same, graphite crucible and method for producing single crystal ingot

A high heat-resistant member includes a graphite substrate including isotropic graphite and a carbide coating film including a carbide, such as tantalum carbide, and covering a surface of the graphite substrate, the carbide coating film having a randomly oriented isotropic grain structure in which crystallites having a size indexed by a full width at half maximum of a diffraction peak of an X-ray diffraction spectrum of not more than 0.2° from (111) planes are accumulated at substantially random. The orientation of the carbide coating film is determined by whether degree of orientation (F) in any Miller plane calculated based on an XRD spectrum using the Lotgering method is within a range from −0.2 to 0.2.

Composite structure, solid film, and method for producing the composite structure

In the case where a coating film is formed on a curved outer peripheral surface of a base body from a slurry through a wet process, when pseudoplasticity is imparted to the slurry, the slurry exhibits favorable film formability, and the coating film formed on the curved surface exhibits favorable shape stability. A solid film obtained through solidification of the coating film is formed such that the following relation is satisfied: t edge /t center ≦1.2 wherein t center represents the thickness of the center of the film in a specific direction along the outer peripheral surface, and t edge represents the thickness of the film at a position distant by 2t center from one end of the film in the specific direction.

MICROREACTOR COMPRISING A POROUS CERAMIC MATERIAL

Product formed from a ceramic material, at least part of the product not being formed from amorphous silica, having pores and satisfying the following criteria: (a′) at least 70% by number of the pores are tubular pores extending substantially parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction; (b′) in at least one cross-section plane, at least 30% by number of the pores have a section of convex hexagonal shape, these pores being known hereinbelow as “hexagonal pores”, at least 80% by number of the hexagonal pores having a roundness index of greater than 0.70, the roundness index being equal to the ratio SA/LA of the lengths of the small and long axes of the ellipse in which the section is inscribed; the mean size of the cross sections of the pores is greater than 0.15 μm and less than 25 μm. 1. A product formed from a ceramic material , at least part of said product not being formed from amorphous silica , comprising pores and satisfying the following criteria:at least 70% by number of said pores are tubular pores extending substantially parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction; 'at least 30% by number of the pores have a section of convex hexagonal shape, these pores being known hereinbelow as “hexagonal pores”, at least 80% by number of said hexagonal pores having a roundness index of greater than 0.70, the roundness index being equal to a ratio SA/LA of lengths of small and long axes of an ellipse in which said section is inscribed;', 'in at least one cross-section plane,'}mean size of the cross sections of said pores is greater than 0.15 μm and less than 25 μm.2. The product according to claim 1 , the ceramic material being chosen from the group formed by zirconium oxide claim 1 , partially stabilized zirconium oxide claim 1 , stabilized zirconium oxide claim 1 , yttrium oxide claim 1 , doped yttrium oxide claim 1 , titanium oxide claim 1 , aluminosilicates claim 1 , cordierite claim 1 , aluminium oxide claim 1 , hydrated aluminas claim 1 , magnesium ...

Hexagonal Boron Nitride Substrate With Monatomic Layer Step, And Preparation Method And Application Thereof

The present invention provides a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) substrate with a monatomic layer step and a preparation method thereof, where a surface of the hBN substrate is cleaved to obtain a fresh cleavage plane, and then hBN is etched by using hydrogen at a high temperature to obtain a controllable and regular monatomic layer step. The present invention utilizes an anisotropic etching effect of hydrogen on the hBN and controls an etching rate and degree of the etching by adjusting a hydrogen proportion, the annealing temperature, and the annealing time, so as to achieve the objective of etching the regular monatomic layer step. The preparation process is compatible with the process of preparing graphene through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and is applicable to preparation of a graphene nanoribbon. The present invention is mainly applied to new graphene electronic devices.

Stone sealing systems and methods

This disclosure is related to systems and methods of sealing a stone and is particularly useful for sealing a stone countertop, though it could also be applied to stone tiles or other types of stone products. In one example, a method for sealing stone may include applying heat to a stone and applying a sealant to the stone when the temperature of the stone is above a temperature threshold. The sealant may be an impregnating sealer.

Method of forming ceramic coatings and ceramic coatings and structures formed thereby

A method of forming a ceramic coating, the resulting ceramic coating, and structures produced by forming the ceramic coating on a ceramic fiber shape. The method includes forming an aqueous mixture containing water, an alumino-silicate precursor, and a dispersion of a ceramic fiber material. The alumino-silicate precursor contains a colloidal suspension of silica particles, silica fume particles, and micron-sized and submicron-sized alumina particles. The ceramic fiber material includes micron-sized and submicron-sized ceramic fibers. The aqueous mixture is applied to a surface of a ceramic fiber shape, after which the aqueous mixture is cured to form a ceramic coating that contains the ceramic fiber material dispersed in an alumino-silicate matrix.

Apparatus and method for depositing hydrogen-free ta-c layers on workpieces and workpiece

An apparatus for the manufacture of at least substantially hydrogen-free ta-C layers on substrates, which includes a vacuum chamber, which is connectable to an inert gas source and a vacuum pump, a support device in the vacuum chamber, at least one graphite cathode having an associated magnet arrangement forming a magnetron that serves as a source of carbon material, a bias power supply for applying a negative bias voltage to the substrates on the support device, at least one cathode power supply for the cathode, which is connectable to the at least one graphite cathode and to an associated anode and which is designed to transmit high power pulse sequences spaced at intervals of time, with each high power pulse sequence comprising a series of high frequency DC pulses adapted to be supplied, optionally after a build-up phase, to the at least one graphite cathode.

Phosphorescent compositions and use thereof

Disclosed is a phosphorescent composition which contains lead-free glass powder and phosphorescent pigment. The composition is in particular suitable for producing dyes, paints and glass articles.

Carbon material and method of manufacturing the same

A carbon material and a method of manufacturing the same are provided that make it possible to form a layer of a metal that is highly reactive with carbon, such as tungsten, on a carbon substrate while at the same time inhibiting an increase in manufacturing cost and a degradation of processing accuracy. The carbon material has a carbon substrate 2 , a first layer 12 , and a second layer 13 . The first layer contains a carbide of a transition metal. The second layer contains a second metal and/or a carbide of the second metal and a carbide of the transition metal, the second metal being at least one metal selected from the group of metals consisting of Group 4 elements, Group 5 elements, and Group 6 elements. The first and second layers are formed on a surface of the carbon substrate in that order.

Method for creating ceramic photos

A method for providing a three dimensional photographic scenic image, such as a portrait or other scene, on a ceramic substrate from an actual colored photographic image of the scene. The photographic image is transferred to the ceramic substrate, such as by a heat transfer process, after which it can be hand colored, or automatically by use of an ink jet printer, with the image being colorized using ceramic paints, such as water based or acrylic ceramic paints, in colors corresponding to the actual color photographic image, and the ceramic painted color image is then fired, such as in a home type oven, to create the finished decorative product. The fired workpiece may then be sealed, or, alternatively, it may be glazed in a kiln, if desired. A frame may also be provided around the ceramic photographic image containing ceramic substrate.

Engineered composite building materials and methods of making same

An engineered composite building material, such as fiber cement, having one or more engineered sub-surface regions designed to provide the building material with improved moisture ingress resistance, paint adhesion, and other mechanical properties is provided. The sub-surface region has a cement-polymer matrix formed by introducing an impregnating agent into the pores of the substrate. The composite building material may be formed by applying impregnating agents to the subsurface regions of the substrate to form chemical and/or mechanical bonds with the matrix of the building material, the reinforcement fibers, and/or the surface coatings applied to the material. The thickness of the sub-surface regions may be controlled by varying the viscosity and porosity of the building material substrate. The cement-polymer building material has enhanced durability, weather resistance, strength, and stiffness.

Method and apparatus for repairing gas turbine components made of ceramic composite materials

Method for repairing a gas turbine component, which at least at the spot to be repaired consists of a ceramic composite material, where an energy beam locally heats the gas turbine component in a zone, and where one or more auxiliary materials and optionally fibers and/or particles are fed to this zone, wherein a ceramic is generated in the melting zone through the one or more auxiliary materials, and, optionally, the one or more auxiliary materials together with the fibers and/or particles forms a ceramic composite material.

Composite heat-dissipation substrate and manufacturing method of the same

The present disclosure provides a composite heat-dissipation substrate and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite heat-dissipation substrate includes a first ceramic layer having insulating properties, a second porous ceramic layer and a metal layer, wherein the first ceramic layer and the second ceramic layer are continuously connected to each other so as not to form an interface therebetween, and the metal layer is infiltrated into plural pores of the second ceramic layer to be coupled to the ceramic layers, whereby interfacial coupling force between the ceramic layers and the metal layer is very high, thereby providing significantly improved heat dissipation characteristics.

PACKAGING CEMENTITIOUS PRODUCTS

The present invention provides a method of processing cementitious products to substantially reduce or eliminate efflorescence. The method includes applying a protective layer to at least one surface of a slab product at the time of pouring cementitious mix into a mould and retaining the protective layer in place. The protective layer is a relatively thin sheet of plastic material. 1. A method of processing cementitious products comprising applying a protective layer to at least one surface of a slab product at the time of pouring cementitious mix into a mould; and retaining the protective layer in place.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the protective layer is a liner.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the protective layer is applied to a surface of the mould prior to pouring material for the slab product.4. A method according to wherein the protective layer is a relatively thin sheet of plastic material.5. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the protective layer is applied to the surface of the mould with a device to reduce the likelihood of air being entrapped between a mould surface and the protective layer.6. A method according to wherein the protective layer is cut at the time the slab product is cut and thus the protective layer remains attached to the slab product subsequent to de-moulding.7. A method according to wherein the overhanging edges of the protective layer are wrapped around one or more side edges of the slab product.8. A method according to claim 7 , wherein the overhanging edges of the protective layer are sealed by the application of heat.9. A method according to wherein a suitably sized sheet of the protective layer is removed from a roll of liner material and placed over a top surface and a bottom surface of the slab product and heat sealed along the open side edges to enclose the slab product.10. A method of processing a slab product comprising inserting the slab product into a sealable container; and evacuating ...

HEAT TREATED CERAMIC SUBSTRATE HAVING CERAMIC COATING AND HEAT TREATMENT FOR COATED CERAMICS

A ceramic article having a ceramic substrate and a ceramic coating with an initial porosity and an initial amount of cracking is provided. The ceramic article is heated to a temperature range between about 1000° C. and about 1800° C. at a ramping rate of about 0.1° C. per minute to about 20° C. per minute. The ceramic article is heat treated at one or more temperatures within the temperature range for a duration of up to about 24 hours. The ceramic article is then cooled at the ramping rate, wherein after the heat treatment the ceramic coating has a reduced porosity and a reduced amount of cracking. 1. A method comprising:providing a ceramic article comprising a ceramic substrate and a ceramic coating, wherein the ceramic coating has an initial porosity and an initial amount of cracking;heating the ceramic article to a temperature range between about 1000° C. and about 1800° C. at a ramping rate of about 0.1° C. per minute to about 20° C. per minute;heat treating the ceramic article at one or more temperatures within the temperature range for a duration of up to about 24 hours to reduce a porosity and an amount of cracking of the ceramic coating; andcooling the ceramic article at the ramping rate after the heat treatment.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic coating additionally has an initial particle count and an initial adhesion strength claim 1 , and wherein after the heat treatment the ceramic coating has a reduced particle count and an increased adhesion strength.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic substrate and the ceramic coating each consists essentially of at least one of YO claim 1 , AlO claim 1 , YAlO claim 1 , YAlO(YAG) claim 1 , Quartz claim 1 , SiC claim 1 , SiN claim 1 , AlN or SiC—SiN claim 1 , and wherein the ceramic substrate has a different composition than the ceramic coating.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ceramic substrate and the ceramic coating comprise ceramics that will react during the heat treating to form a ...

Honeycomb structure comprising a cement skin composition with crystalline inorganic fibrous material

Disclosed is a honeycomb support structure comprising a honeycomb body and an outer layer or skin formed of a cement that includes an inorganic filler material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion from 25° C. to 600° C. and a crystalline inorganic fibrous material having a second coefficient of thermal expansion from 25° C. to 600° C.

D1479 stable liquid bap photoinitiator and its use in radiation curable compositions

The invention relates to radiation curable compositions comprising a liquid 0/s(acyl)phosphine photo initiators of formula (I): wherein each of Ar 1 , Ar 2 and Ar 3 is independently a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group. The invention also relates to stabilized forms of liquid bis(acyl)phosphines of formula (I) and radiation curable composition comprising said stabilized photoinitiators. The radiation curable compositions are selected from the group consisting of an optical fiber coating composition and a coating composition capable of radiation cure on concrete and a coating composition capable of radiation cure on metal.

Nano-structured refractory metals, metal carbides, and coatings and parts fabricated therefrom

Refractory metal and refractory metal carbide nanoparticle mixtures and methods for making the same are provided. The nanoparticle mixtures can be painted onto a surface to be coated and heated at low temperatures to form a gas-tight coating. The low temperature formation of refractory metal and refractory metal carbide coatings allows these coatings to be provided on surfaces that would otherwise be uncoatable or very difficult to coat, whether because they are carbon-based materials (e.g., graphite, carbon/carbon composites) or temperature sensitive materials (e.g., materials that would melt, oxidize, or otherwise not withstand temperatures above 800° C.), or because the high aspect ratio of the surface would prevent other coating methods from being effective (e.g., the inner surfaces of tubes and nozzles). The nanoparticle mixtures can also be disposed in a mold and sintered to form fully dense components.

Inks for inkjet printers

Method for decorating green or fired ceramic bodies by inkjet printing comprising the use of a ceramic inkjet ink which is prepared by milling a ceramic inorganic pigment in an organic medium in the presence of a dispersant which is the reaction product of a polyethyleneimine and a ricinoleic acid polyester, until the average particle size of the pigment is between 0.1 and 0.8 μm.

Sputtering target and manufacturing method thereof, and transistor

One object is to provide a deposition technique for forming an oxide semiconductor film. By forming an oxide semiconductor film using a sputtering target including a sintered body of a metal oxide whose concentration of hydrogen contained is low, for example, lower than 1×10 16 atoms/cm 3 , the oxide semiconductor film contains a small amount of impurities such as a compound containing hydrogen typified by H 2 O or a hydrogen atom. In addition, this oxide semiconductor film is used as an active layer of a transistor.

Method of reducing ceiling tile sag and product thereof

Sag in ceiling tiles is reduced by the present coated ceiling tile and method which decreases sag in the coated ceiling tiles. Calcined gypsum and water are combined to form a coating which is applied to the back side of a base ceiling tile in a thin layer of about 100 micrometer to about 1000 micrometers. The coating optionally includes a set time modifier. This method makes a coated ceiling tile from a base ceiling tile having a front side and a back side opposing the front side. The coating is applied to the back side of the base ceiling tile, the coating comprising an interlocking matrix of calcium sulfate dihydrate. Optionally, remnants of the set time modifier are present within interstices in the gypsum matrix. The remnants of the set time molecule include ions, molecules, particles or combinations thereof.

Method for manufacturing refractory grains containing chromium(iii) oxide

A method for manufacturing sintered refractory grains containing Cr 2 CO 3 from an initial refractory product including one or more chromium that includes: A) optionally, \crushing the starting refractory material; B) grinding a filler, comprising said starting refractory material in a liquid medium to obtain a suspension of particles of said starting refractory material; C) preparing a starting mixture including at least 1 wt % of particles of the suspension obtained during the preceding step; D) shaping the starting mixture into the shape of a preform; E) optionally drying the preform obtained in step D); F) sintering the preform so as to obtain a sintered body; G) optionally grinding the sintered body; and H) the optional selection by particle size.

Veneer Ceramic for Dental Restorations and Method for Veneering Dental Restorations

The invention is directed to veneer ceramics for dental restorations of framework ceramics comprising yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide. It is the object of the invention to make possible a translucent veneer ceramic which has high flexural strength as well as excellent adhesion to the framework ceramic of yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide. According to the invention, this object is met in a veneer ceramic for dental restorations made of yttrium-stabilized zirconium dioxide which is produced from the following components: a) SiO 2 58.0-74.0 percent by weight b) Al 2 O 3 4.0-19.0 percent by weight c) Li 2 O 5.0-17.0 percent by weight d) Na 2 O 4.0-12.0 percent by weight e) ZrO 2 0.5-6.0 percent by weight.

UNIFORM TEXTURE FOR CAST IN PLACE WALLS

A method of forming a concrete wall having a substantially uniform exterior surface texture. The method includes the initial step of pouring concrete into a wall form. The concrete is poured from a first mixture and is allowed to cure. After the concrete is cured, the wall form is removed from the resultant concrete base structure. A roughened texture is then created on the base structure. A finishing mixture is then applied to the roughened texture. The finishing mixture may be created by separating the aggregate from a portion of the remaining first mixture. The finishing mixture creates a smooth texture on the exterior surfaces of the initially formed base structure. 1. A method of forming a concrete structure comprising the steps of:(a) pouring a first concrete mixture into a wall form, wherein the first concrete mixture includes large aggregate;(b) curing the first concrete mixture to form a concrete base structure;(c) removing the wall form from the base structure;(d) creating a roughened exterior surface on the base structure;(e) creating a finishing mixture by separating the large aggregate from a portion of the first concrete mixture; and(f) applying the finishing mixture to the roughened exterior surface of the base structure.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roughened exterior surface is created by applying a form retarder to the base structure.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roughened exterior surface is created by applying a spray on retarder to the base structure.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roughened surface is created by sand blasting the base structure.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roughened surface is created by acid washing the base structure.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the roughened surface is created by chemically etching the base structure.7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of troweling the finishing mixture once applied to the base structure.8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising ...

Cavitation-resistant environmental barrier coatings

An environmental barrier coating, a method of application thereof, and an article made thereby suitable for protecting components exposed to high-temperature environments with improved delamination resistance and cavitation resistance. The environmental barrier coating system for a silicon-containing substrate includes a bond coat layer on the silicon-containing substrate and at least one ceramic environmental barrier layer on the bond coat layer. The bond coat layer includes silicon and at least one doping material including elemental titanium. The doping material is located at grain boundaries within the bond coat layer in sufficient quantity to improve the delamination resistance and the cavitation resistance of increase the bond coat layer.

Coatings for dissipating vibration-induced stresses in components and components provided therewith

A coating material suitable for use in high temperature environments and capable of providing a damping effect to a component subjected to vibration-induced stresses. The coating material defines a damping coating layer of a coating system that lies on and contacts a substrate of a component and defines an outermost surface of the component. The coating system includes at least a second coating layer contacted by the damping coating layer. The damping coating layer contains a ferroelastic ceramic composition having a tetragonality ratio, c/a, of greater than 1 to 1.02, where “c” is a c axis of a unit cell of the ferroelastic ceramic composition and “a” is either of two orthogonal axes, a and b, of the ferroelastic ceramic composition.

WET BLANKET

A wet blanket obtained by impregnating a blanket including bio-soluble inorganic fibers with a colloidal silica liquid. A cured blanket obtained by curing the wet blanket. 1. (canceled)2. The method according to wherein the colloidal silica is acidic cationic colloidal silica.3. The method according to wherein the colloidal silica is acidic anionic colloidal silica.4. The method according to wherein the colloidal silica liquid has a pH of about 2 to about 6.5. The method according to wherein the colloidal silica liquid has a pH of about 2 to about 6.6. The method according to wherein the colloidal silica is alkaline anionic colloidal silica.7. The wet blanket method according to wherein the colloidal silica liquid has a pH of about 8 to about 11.8. The according to wherein the bio-soluble inorganic fibers comprise a{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '3', '2, 'total of SiO, ZrO, AlOand TiO:—of about 50 wt % to about 82 wt %, and a'}total of alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides:—of about 18 wt % to about 50 wt %.9. The method according to wherein the bio-soluble inorganic fibers comprises{'sub': '2', 'SiO:—of about 50 wt % to about 82 wt %, and a'}total of CaO and MgO:—of about 10 wt % to about 43 wt %.10. The method according to wherein the bio-soluble inorganic fibers comprise about 66 wt % to about 82 wt % of SiO claim 15 , about 10 wt % to about 33 wt % of CaO claim 15 , about 1 wt % or less of MgO claim 15 , and less than about 3 wt % of AlO.11. The according to wherein the bio-soluble inorganic fibers comprise about 66 wt % to about 82 wt % of SiO claim 15 , about 1 wt % to about 9 wt % of CaO claim 15 , about 10 wt % to about 30 wt % of MgO claim 15 , and less than 3 wt % of AlO.12. The according to wherein the wet blanket comprises colloidal silica in an amount of about 10 parts by weight to about 200 parts by weight in terms of solid matter relative to 100 parts by weight of the bio-soluble inorganic fibers.1314.-. (canceled)15. A method of applying a wet ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR INTERNAL PRESSURIZED GAS DRYING OF CONCRETE

A system and method are disclosed for lowering the internal relative humidity inside of a concrete structure by applying a pressurized gas and forcing such pressurized gas into the concrete structure, in turn driving moisture in the pores of the concrete to the exterior of the structure. Pressurized gas is supplied to a network of sealed cavities extending into the face of the concrete structure, ultimately causing the gas to move into the concrete structure through pores and capillaries through the structure, in turn driving moisture in the concrete structure toward the surface. Optionally, a competitive inhibiting agent, such as lithium nitrate, may also be provided to stabilize the concrete structure against future deleterious expansions caused by moisture uptake in the existing ASR gel. 1. A system for lowering the internal relative humidity of a concrete structure , comprising:a plurality of cavities extending into a face of said concrete structure and sealed at a top end of each said cavity;a gas delivery nozzle positioned within each said cavity; anda pressurized gas source in fluid communication with said nozzles and delivering pressurized gas to said cavities at a pressure sufficient to cause said gas to enter into said concrete structure and to lower an internal relative humidity of said concrete structure.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a fluid supply conduit fluidly communicating said nozzles with said pressurized gas source.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising a plurality of channels extending into said face of said concrete structure between said cavities.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein said fluid supply conduit is positioned within said plurality of channels.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein said nozzles and said fluid supply conduit are encased within an encasement material.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein an outer edge of said encasement material is flush with said face of said concrete structure.7. The system of claim 5 ...

PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF A STERILIZED CERAMIC BODY COMPRISING OR ESSENTIALLY CONSISTING OF STABILIZED ZIRCONIA OF A DEFINED COLOUR

A process for the preparation of a sterilized ceramic body including or essentially consisting of stabilized zirconia of a defined colour, including the steps of: providing a ceramic primary body including or essentially consisting of stabilized zirconia of a first colour A, and sterilizing the primary body using radiation sterilization whereby the primary body undergoes a colour change to a colour B. The process includes the further step of irradiating the sterilized primary body with electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength lying in the wavelength band ranging from 150 nm to 700 nm to induce an at least partial reversal of the colour change to obtain a colour C of the sterilized ceramic body, the colour C complying with the following requirements in the CIELAB colour space: L* being from 54 to 95, a* being from −15 to 15 and b* being from −15 to 15. 1. Process for the preparation of a sterilized ceramic body comprising or essentially consisting of stabilized zirconia of a defined colour , the process comprising the subsequent steps ofa) providing a ceramic primary body comprising or essentially consisting of stabilized zirconia of a first colour A,b) sterilizing the primary body using radiation sterilization whereby the primary body undergoes a colour change to a colour B,wherein it comprises the further step of L* being from 54 to 95,', 'a* being from −15 to 15 and', 'b* being from −15 to 15., 'c) irradiating the sterilized primary body with electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength lying in the wavelength band ranging from 150 nm to 700 nm to induce an at least partial reversal of the colour change of step b) to obtain a colour C of the sterilized ceramic body, the colour C complying with the following requirements in the CIELAB colour space2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein in step c) the sterilized primary body is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength lying in the wavelength band ranging from 150 nm ...

COATING COMPOSITION FOR THE FOUNDRY INDUSTRY, CONTAINING PARTICULATE, AMORPHOUS SILICON DIOXIDE AND ACID

A coating composition is described, for use in the foundry, in particular comprising particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO) and an aqueous phase having a pH of at most 5, and also coated, waterglass-bound foundry molding elements, especially coated, waterglass-bound foundry molds and foundry cores, which each comprise a coating composition of the invention. Further described is the use of a coating composition of the invention for producing a coating on a waterglass-bound foundry molding element and a method for producing a waterglass-bound foundry molding element (mold or core) coated with a water-containing refractory coating. Likewise specified is a kit whose contents include a coating composition of the invention. 1. The method of a coating composition comprising(a) an aqueous phase having a pH of at most 5,(b) particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide, and(c) one or more further refractories,for producing a coating on a waterglass-bound mold or a waterglass-bound core, for use in the foundry.2. The method as claimed in claim 1 ,where the primary particles of the particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of constituent (b) (i) are spherical and/or (ii) possess a D90<10 μm, determined by laser diffraction,where preferably the primary particles of the particulate, amorphous silicon dioxide of constituent (b) (i) are spherical and possess a sphericity of 0.9 or more, determined by evaluation of two-dimensional microscope images.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 ,where the constituent (c) comprises one or more substances selected from the group consisting of quartz, aluminum oxide, zirconium dioxide, aluminum silicates, phyllosilicates, zirconium silicates, olivine, talc, mica, graphite, coke, feldspar, diatomite, kaolins, calcined kaolins, metakaolinite, iron oxide, and bauxite,and/orwhere the constituent (a) comprises one or more acids, preferably having a pKa<5, more preferably having a pKa<4, which are selected from the group consisting of inorganic and ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CRACK-FREE DRYING OF HIGH STRENGTH SKIN ON A POROUS CERAMIC BODY

A method and system to dry crack-free and high strength skin including an inorganic binder of an average particle size (D) in a range between 10 nm and 700 nm on a porous ceramic body. The method includes supporting the honeycomb body on an end face such that axial channels and outer periphery are substantially vertical. A gas is flowed past the honeycomb body substantially parallel to the axial channel direction, substantially equally around the outer periphery of the skin, to uniformly dry the skin to form a partially dried skin under mild conditions. Then the partially dried skin may be dried more severely resulting in rapidly dried crack-free and high strength skin. 2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a humidifier configured to humidify the first gas to a first relative humidity and humidify the second gas to a second relative humidity less than the first relative humidity.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the first relative humidity is between about 10% and about 40% relative humidity.4. The system of claim 1 , further comprising at least one of:a microwave generator configured to subject the skin to microwave radiation during the second time period; andan infrared generator configured to subject the skin to infrared radiation during the second time period.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is between about 40° C. and about 60° C. claim 1 , and the second temperature is between about 60° C. and 150° C.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first velocity is greater than about 3 m/s.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first dryness is between about 20% dry and 50% dry and the second dryness is between about 80% dry and 100% dry.8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the first time period is less than about 120 minutes and the second time period is less than about 120 minutes.9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the first time period is less than about 30 minutes and the second time period is less than about 30 minutes. This ...

COMPOSITE TILE AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE

A composite tile is comprised of coal dust and a pre-ceramic polymer that are mixed together and pyrolyzed to form a ceramic composite. For example, a chemical reaction during pyrolysis chemically converts at least a portion of the coal dust and pre-ceramic polymer to a fire proof ceramic composite suitable for use as a roofing tile either as pyrolyzed or as post-treated to seal cracks and pores formed during pyrolysis. 1. A method of making a coal core composite roofing material comprises:mixing polymer, the polymer being selected as a polymer derived ceramic, and coal dust, wherein the coal dust is not a synthetic graphite or carbon dust, to form a mixture;forming the mixture into a shape of a roofing tile capable of being installed as any other roofing tile or slate tile; andpyrolyzing the mixture in an inert atmosphere, wherein the coal dust is not heated above 400 degrees C., prior to step of pyrolyzing, wherein a substantial portion of the coal dust chemically reacts with the polymer derived ceramic and other compounds in the coal dust during the step of pyrolyzing, whereby the coal core composite roofing material has surprisingly improved mechanical properties and fire retardance.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coal dust was preheated at a temperature less than 400 degrees centigrade claim 1 , prior to the step of mixing.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the coal dust that was preheated at a temperature less than 400 degrees centigrade claim 2 , was preheated at a temperature and duration sufficient to drive off low temperature volatile organic compounds and some water.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the coal dust contains a number of volatile and comparatively non-volatile organic compounds and hydrates during the step of mixing.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of forming produces a three-dimensional composite article having superior specific strength claim 1 , toughness claim 1 , and stiffness compared to the same three-dimensional ...

PROCESS FOR PROVIDING A DEFINED SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY TO AT LEAST A PORTION OF A CERAMIC BODY

A Process for providing a defined surface topography to at least a portion of a ceramic body, the process comprising the subsequent steps of 1. Process for providing a defined surface topography to at least a portion of a ceramic body , the process comprising the subsequent steps ofa) applying a layer of a calcium containing substance comprising at least one calcium compound onto the surface of at least a portion of the ceramic basic body;b) thermally treating the ceramic basic body with the layer applied thereon at an elevated temperature, whereby a calcium compound or a calcium component based on the calcium compound diffuses into the basic body to form an intermediate body, said intermediate body comprising in its outermost surface region a calcium containing crystalline phase; andc) chemically treating the outermost surface region of the intermediate body with an inorganic acid or base to partially remove the calcium containing crystalline phase, thereby obtaining the surface topography.2. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the ceramic basic body is made of a ceramic material comprising alumina and/or zirconia.3. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the calcium containing crystalline phase is a Ca—Zr—O phase.4. Process according to claim 3 , wherein the calcium containing crystalline phase is a CaO—ZrOphase.5. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the calcium compound contained in the calcium containing substance is selected from the group consisting of a calcium salt claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , metallic calcium claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.6. Process according to claim 1 , wherein the thermal treatment of step b) is carried out at a temperature of at least 500° C.7. Process according to claim 1 , wherein an inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of HNO claim 1 , HCl claim 1 , HF claim 1 , HPOand HSOand mixtures thereof claim 1 , is used for the chemical treatment of step c).8. Process according to claim 1 , ...

SiC-COATED CARBON COMPOSITE MATERIAL

Provided is a SiC-coated carbon composite material including a graphite base material and a CVD-SiC coating covering the graphite base material. A porosity of a core part of the graphite base material is 12 to 20%, and a SiC-infiltrated layer extending from the CVD-SiC coating is included in a periphery of the core part of the graphite base material. The SiC-infiltrated layer is constituted of a plurality of regions arranged such that Si content becomes smaller stepwise in an order from a first surface on the CVD-SiC coating side toward a second surface on the graphite base material side. 1. A SiC-coated carbon composite material comprising:a graphite base material; anda CVD-SiC coating covering the graphite base material,wherein a porosity of a core part of the graphite base material is 12 to 20%,wherein a SiC-infiltrated layer extending from the CVD-SiC coating is included in a periphery of the core part, andwherein the SiC-infiltrated layer is constituted of a plurality of regions arranged such that Si content becomes smaller stepwise in an order from a first surface on the CVD-SiC coating side toward a second surface on the graphite base material side.2. The SiC-coated carbon composite material according to claim 1 ,wherein the SiC-infiltrated layer is constituted of a first region to an i-th region to an n-th region arranged in this order from the first surface toward the second surface, and Si content of the i-th region is larger than Si content of an (i+1)-th region.3. (canceled)4. The SiC-coated carbon composite material according to claim 1 ,wherein the SiC-infiltrated layer has a thickness of 150 μm or more.5. The SiC-coated carbon composite material according to claim 4 ,wherein the SiC-infiltrated layer has the thickness of 300 μm or more.6. The SiC-coated carbon composite material according to claim 1 ,wherein the porosity of the core part is 15 to 17%.7. The SiC-coated carbon composite material according to claim 1 ,{'sup': '3', 'wherein a true density ...

Waterborne wet look coating composition

A water-based coating composition is described herein. The composition includes an aqueous dispersion derived from an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and one or more organic solvents. The composition when applied to a substrate and allowed to dry provides a wet look to the substrate.

CONDUCTIVE CERAMIC COMPOSITION HAVING EXCELLENT ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY

One embodiment of the present invention provides a conductive ceramic composition comprising: conductive non-oxide ceramic particles; oxide ceramic particles electrostatically bonded or co-dispersed with the non-oxide ceramic particles; and a binder resin. 1. A conductive ceramic composition , comprising:non-oxide ceramic particles;oxide ceramic particles electrostatically bound or co-dispersed with the non-oxide ceramic particles; anda binder resin.2. The conductive ceramic composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-oxide ceramic particles include one selected from the group consisting of a metal component claim 1 , Si claim 1 , B claim 1 , C claim 1 , O claim 1 , S claim 1 , P claim 1 , N and a combination of two or more thereof.3. The conductive ceramic composition of claim 2 , wherein the metal component includes one selected from the group consisting of Sn claim 2 , Ga claim 2 , In claim 2 , Tl claim 2 , As claim 2 , Pb claim 2 , Cd claim 2 , Ba claim 2 , Ce claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , Gd claim 2 , La claim 2 , Mo claim 2 , Nb claim 2 , Pr claim 2 , Sr claim 2 , Ta claim 2 , Ti claim 2 , V claim 2 , W claim 2 , Y claim 2 , Zr claim 2 , Si claim 2 , Sc claim 2 , Ni claim 2 , Al claim 2 , Zn claim 2 , Mg claim 2 , Li claim 2 , Ge claim 2 , Rb claim 2 , K claim 2 , Hf claim 2 , Cr and a combination of two or more thereof.4. The conductive ceramic composition of claim 1 , wherein the non-oxide ceramic particles are surface-treated.5. The conductive ceramic composition of claim 4 , wherein the surface treatment is chemical surface treatment with one selected from the group consisting of an acid claim 4 , a base claim 4 , a halogen element claim 4 , a silane-based compound claim 4 , a polymer claim 4 , a metal ionic material claim 4 , carbamic acid claim 4 , a polar solvent claim 4 , a protic solvent claim 4 , an aprotic solvent claim 4 , a non-polar solvent claim 4 , an electrolyte claim 4 , a metal salt claim 4 , a non-metal salt claim 4 , an amine-based ...

Circumferential coating material and circumferentially coated honeycomb structure

A circumferential coating material contains colloidal silica, silicon carbide, and titanium oxide different in particle diameters from silicon carbide, coats a circumferential surface of a honeycomb structure monolithically formed by extrusion, including as a main component, cordierite having a porosity of 50 to 75%, and forms a circumferential coating layer. A circumferentially coated honeycomb structure has a honeycomb structure comprising latticed porous partition walls defining and forming a plurality of polygonal cells forming through channels and extending from one end face to the other end face, and a circumferential coating layer formed by coating at least a part of a circumferential surface of the honeycomb structure with the circumferential coating material.

Whisker-reinforced hybrid fiber by method of base material infusion into whisker yarn

A hybrid fiber consists of a continuous phase base material that permeates the length of the hybrid fiber and a plurality of fibrils or nanotubes that are dispersed throughout the hybrid fiber interior in the form of a yarn woven from the plurality of fibrils or nanotubes. The method of making the hybrid fiber involves coating the yarn with the continuous phase base material and infusing the continuous phase base material into the plurality of fibrils or nanotubes that form the yarn.

EXTERNAL ELEMENT MADE OF ZIRCONIA WITH SELECTIVELY CONDUCTIVE ZONES FOR ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS

An external element made from a first material for a wearable object, the first material being an insulating ceramic, wherein a surface of the external element is at least partially treated to include at least one conversion with an electrical conductivity. 123-. (canceled)24. An external element for a wearable object ,the external element being made from a first material, the first material being an insulating ceramic,wherein a surface of the external element is treated locally so that the surface includes an insulating zone and a conductive zone, the conductive zone including at least one conversion with a non-zero electrical conductivity.25. The external element as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the first material is zirconia.26. The external element as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the surface is selectively treated to be converted into carbide.27. The external element as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the surface is selectively treated to be converted into nitride.28. The external element as claimed in in claim 24 , wherein the surface comprises at least one recess claim 24 , the surface being treated to be converted into carbide or nitride and polished to localize the conversion to the recess.29. The external element as claimed in claim 24 , wherein the surface comprises at least one protruding portion claim 24 , the surface being treated to be converted into carbide or nitride and polished to exclude the conversion from the protruding portion.30. A wearable object comprising the external element as claimed in .31. The wearable object as claimed in claim 30 , wherein the wearable object is a timepiece comprising a case formed by a middle claim 30 , including a bezel claim 30 , closed by a back and a glass claim 30 , the wearable object further comprising controlling means claim 30 , and a strap fastened to the middle via two pairs of horns claim 30 , and wherein the external element is arranged in one of the middle claim 30 , the bezel claim 30 , the controlling ...

ESC CERAMIC SIDEWALL MODIFICATION FOR PARTICLE AND METALS PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS

A substrate support for a substrate processing system includes a baseplate and a ceramic layer arranged on the baseplate. The ceramic layer includes a lower surface, an upper surface configured to support a substrate, and sidewalls around a perimeter of the ceramic layer extending from the lower surface to the upper surface, and the ceramic layer comprises a first material. A bond layer is provided between the baseplate and the ceramic layer. A protective layer is formed on the sidewalls of the ceramic layer. The protective later comprises a second material different from the first material. 1. A substrate support for a substrate processing system , the substrate support comprising:a baseplate;a ceramic layer arranged on the baseplate, wherein the ceramic layer includes a lower surface, an upper surface configured to support a substrate, and sidewalls around a perimeter of the ceramic layer extending from the lower surface to the upper surface, and wherein the ceramic layer comprises a first material;a bond layer provided between the baseplate and the ceramic layer; anda protective layer formed on the sidewalls of the ceramic layer, wherein the protective later comprises a second material different from the first material.2. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein the second material is a non-alumina based material.3. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein the second material is an yttrium oxide spraycoat.4. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein the second material has a greater resistance to plasma than the first material.5. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein a thickness of the protective layer is between 0.005″ and 0.010″.6. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein the protective layer extends from a bottom edge of the sidewalls adjacent to the lower surface to a top edge of the sidewalls adjacent to the upper surface.7. The substrate support of claim 1 , wherein the protective layer extends from a bottom edge of the sidewalls adjacent to the ...

MULTI-ZONE SILICON NITRIDE WAFER HEATER ASSEMBLY HAVING CORROSION PROTECTIVE LAYER, AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAME

A wafer heater assembly comprises a heater substrate and a non-porous outermost layer. The heater substrate comprises silicon nitride (SiN) and includes at least one heating element embedded therein. The non-porous outermost layer is associated with at least a first surface of the heater substrate. The non-porous outermost layer comprises a rare-earth (RE) disilicate (RESiO); where RE is one of Yb and Y. The non-porous outermost layer includes an exposed surface configured to contact a wafer for heating, the exposed surface opposite the first surface of the heater substrate. Methods of making wafer heater assemblies are also disclosed as well as methods of using the wafer heater assembly. 1. A wafer heater assembly , the assembly comprising:{'sub': 3', '4, 'a heater substrate comprising silicon nitride (SiN), the heater substrate including at least one heating element embedded therein, the heater substrate having a first surface; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '7, 'a non-porous outermost layer associated with the first surface of the heater substrate, the non-porous outermost layer comprising a rare-earth (RE) disilicate (RESiO), wherein RE is one of Yb and Y; and the non-porous outermost layer having an exposed surface opposite the first surface, the exposed surface configured to contact a wafer for heating.'}2. The wafer heater assembly of claim 1 , wherein the rare-earth disilicate of the non-porous outermost layer comprises ytterbium disilicate (YbSiO).3. The wafer heater assembly of claim 2 , wherein the non-porous outermost layer comprises between at least about 95 volume percent and about 100 volume percent of the rare earth disilicate having a Keiviite crystal structure.4. The wafer heater assembly of claim 2 , wherein the rare earth disilicate non-porous outermost layer and the silicon nitride heater substrate further include an interface therebetween claim 2 , and the interface is characterized as having between about 0 volume percent and at most about 5 volume ...

GARNET MATERIALS FOR LI SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING GARNET MATERIALS

Set forth herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also set forth herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Disclosed herein are novel and inventive methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are novel electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also set forth herein are methods for preparing novel structures, including dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also, the methods set forth herein disclose novel sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof. 1123-. (canceled)124. A multilayer , comprising:a first layer comprising an unsintered lithium-stuffed garnet polycrystalline thin film, wherein the thickness of the first layer is less than 100 μm and greater than 10 nm; anda second layer comprising a metal foil or metal powder, wherein the second layer is in contact with the first layer, and wherein the metal foil or metal powder comprises a metal selected from nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), an alloy thereof, and a combination thereof.125. The multilayer of claim 124 , further comprising a third layer comprising an unsintered lithium-stuffed garnet polycrystalline thin film claim 124 , wherein the thickness of the third layer is less than 100 μm and greater than 10 nm claim 124 , wherein the second layer is between and in contact with the first ...

Binder for formation of ceramic or for use in conductive paste, and use of same

There is provided a binder for ceramic formation or a conductive paste, comprising polyvinyl acetal having a degree of acetalization of from 50 to 85 mol %, a content of vinyl ester monomer unit of from 0.1 to 20 mol %, and having a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of from 200 to 5000, wherein a peak-top molecular weight (A) as measured by a differential refractive index detector and a peak-top molecular weight (B) as measured by an absorptiometer (measurement wavelength: 280 nm) in gel permeation chromatographic measurement of the polyvinyl acetal heated at 230° C. for 3 hours satisfy a formula (1) (A−B)/A<0.60 and the polyvinyl acetal has an absorbance in the peak-top molecular weight (B) of from 0.50×10 −3 to 1.00×10 −2 .

Coating system based on a combination of monoaluminum phosphate with magnesium oxide

A coating system for coating inorganic substrates with a wide range of functional materials without having to use the usually necessary high temperatures includes an aqueous solution as component K1, which aqueous solution contains at least Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 and Al(NaHPO 4 ) 3 in the following fractions on an oxide basis and in mass percent with respect to the total mass of the solution: P 2 O 5 =25.0 to 37.0, Al 2 O 3 =5.8 to 9.0, Na 2 O=0.1 to 2.0, and H 2 O=54.0 to 66.0, and which includes an additional component K2 having the constituents magnesium oxide, silicate, and borate, which are contained in K2 in the following fractions on an oxide basis and in mass percent with respect to the total mass of component K2: MgO=70.0 to 95.0, SiO 2 =1.0 to 19.0, and B 2 O 3 =1.0 to 3.0, wherein there is a reactivity of the magnesium oxide of 40 to 400 seconds in the citric acid test and the loss on ignition of component K2 is 0 to 3.0.

SUPER HARD CONSTRUCTIONS & METHODS OF MAKING SAME

A superhard polycrystalline construction comprises a body of polycrystalline superhard material comprising a structure comprising superhard material, the structure having porosity greater than 20% by volume and up to around 80% by volume. A method of forming such a superhard polycrystalline construction comprises forming a skeleton structure of a first material having a plurality of voids, at least partially filling some or all of the voids with a second material to form a pre-sinter assembly, and treating the pre-sinter assembly to sinter together grains of superhard material to form a body of polycrystalline superhard material comprising a first region of superhard grains, and an interpenetrating second region; the second region being formed of the other of the first or second material that does not comprise the superhard grains; the superhard grains forming a sintered structure having a porosity greater than 20% by volume and up to around 80% by volume. 1. A super hard polycrystalline construction comprising a body of polycrystalline super hard material , the body of polycrystalline super hard material comprising a structure comprising super hard material , the structure having porosity greater than 20% by volume and up to around 80% by volume.2. The construction of claim 1 , further comprising one or more secondary phases located in one or more pores in the structure.3. The construction of wherein the one or more secondary phases comprise any one or more of a ceramic claim 2 , a metal alloy claim 2 , a hardmetal claim 2 , or a polymer.4. The construction of wherein the one or more secondary phases comprise any one or more of titanium claim 2 , alumina claim 2 , TiAlV claim 2 , or an alloy of cobalt and chrome.5. The construction of wherein the one or more secondary phases comprise an interpenetrating network through the super hard material.6. The construction of claim 5 , wherein the interpenetrating network is substantially continuous through the structure.7. ...

METHOD OF ALTERING A SURFACE OF A CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE TO AID IN NODULE REMOVAL

A method of altering a surface of a ceramic matrix composite to aid in nodule removal is described. A fiber preform comprising a framework of ceramic fibers is heated to a temperature at or above a melting temperature of silicon. During the heating, the fiber preform is infiltrated with a molten material comprising silicon. After the infiltration, the fiber preform is cooled, and the infiltrated fiber preform is exposed to a gas comprising nitrogen during cooling. Silicon nitride may be formed by a reaction of free (unreacted) silicon at or near the surface of the infiltrated fiber preform with the nitrogen. Thus, a ceramic matrix composite having a surface configured for easy nodule removal is formed. Any silicon nodules formed on the surface during cooling may be removed without machining or heat treatment. 1. A method of altering a surface of a ceramic matrix composite to aid in nodule removal , the method comprising:heating a fiber preform comprising a framework of ceramic fibers to a temperature at or above a melting temperature of silicon;during the heating, infiltrating the fiber preform with a molten material comprising silicon, forming an infiltrated fiber preform;after the infiltration, cooling the infiltrated fiber preform, andduring the cooling, exposing the infiltrated fiber preform to a gas comprising nitrogen, thereby forming a ceramic matrix composite having a surface configured for easy nodule removal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , during the cooling of the infiltrated fiber preform claim 1 , a surface layer comprising silicon nitride is formed on the surface of the ceramic matrix composite.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surface layer is discontinuous over the surface of the ceramic matrix composite.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the surface layer is continuous over the surface of the ceramic matrix composite.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surface layer comprises a thickness in a range from about 1 nm to about 100 ...

ION BEAM SPUTTERING WITH ION ASSISTED DEPOSITION FOR COATINGS ON CHAMBER COMPONENTS

An article comprises a body and a conformal protective layer on at least one surface of the body. The conformal protective layer is a plasma resistant rare earth oxide film having a thickness of less than 1000 μm, wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide is selected from a group consisting of YF, ErAlO, ErAlO, and a ceramic compound comprising YAlOand a solid-solution of YO—ZrO. 1. An article comprising:a body; and{'sub': 3', '4', '2', '9', '3', '4', '2', '9', '2', '3', '2, 'a conformal protective layer on at least one surface of the body, wherein the conformal protective layer is a plasma resistant rare earth-containing film having a thickness of less than 1000 μm, wherein a porosity of the conformal protective layer is less than 1%, and wherein the plasma resistant rare earth-containing film is selected from a group consisting of YF, ErAlO, ErAlO, and a ceramic compound comprising YAlOand a solid-solution of YO—ZrO.'}2. The article of claim 1 , the conformal protective layer having been formed by ion beam sputtering with ion assisted deposition.3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the conformal protective layer has a thickness of 0.2-20 μm.4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the porosity of the conformal protective layer is below 0.1%.5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth-containing film comprises the ceramic compound comprising YAlOand the solid-solution of YO—ZrO claim 1 , wherein the ceramic compound has a composition of 40 mol % to less than 100 mol % of YO claim 1 , over 0 mol % to 60 mol % of ZrO claim 1 , and over 0 mol % to 9 mol % of AlO.6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth-containing film comprises the ceramic compound comprising YAlOand the solid-solution of YO—ZrO claim 1 , wherein the ceramic compound has a composition of 40-60 mol % of YO claim 1 , 31-50 mol % of ZrO claim 1 , and 10-20 mol % of AlO.7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth-containing film ...

ION BEAM SPUTTERING WITH ION ASSISTED DEPOSITION FOR COATINGS ON CHAMBER COMPONENTS

An article comprises a body and a conformal protective layer on at least one surface of the body. The conformal protective layer is a plasma resistant rare earth oxide film having a thickness of less than 1000 μm, wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide film is selected from a group consisting of an Er—Y composition, an Er—Al—Y composition, an Er—Y—Zr composition, and an Er—Al composition. 1. An article comprising:a body; anda conformal protective layer on at least one surface of the body, wherein the conformal protective layer is a plasma resistant rare earth oxide film having a thickness of less than 1000 μm, wherein a porosity of the conformal protective layer is less than 1%, and wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide film has a composition selected from a group consisting of an Er—Y oxide composition, an Er—Al—Y oxide composition, an Er—Y—Zr oxide composition, and an Er—Al oxide composition.2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide film comprises the Er—Y composition claim 1 , and wherein the Er—Y oxide composition comprises 80 wt % ErOand 20 wt % YO.3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide film comprises the Er—Al—Y composition claim 1 , and wherein the Er—Al—Y oxide composition comprises 70 wt % ErO claim 1 , 10 wt % AlO claim 1 , and 20 wt % YO.4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the plasma resistant rare earth oxide film comprises the Er—Y—Zr composition claim 1 , and wherein the Er—Y—Zr oxide composition comprises 70 wt % ErO claim 1 , 20 wt % YO claim 1 , and 10 wt % ZrO.5. The article of claim 1 , the conformal protective layer having been formed by ion beam sputtering with ion assisted deposition.6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the conformal protective layer has a thickness of 0.2-20 μm.7. The article of claim 1 , wherein a porosity of the conformal protective layer is below 0.1%.8. The article of claim 1 , further comprising:a second protective layer on the conformal ...

Modified aluminum nitride particles and methods of making the same

A modified aluminum nitride particle comprises an aluminum nitride core and a shell surrounding the aluminum nitride core. The shell comprises a crosslinked organic polymer. Methods of making the modified aluminum nitride particle by admicellar polymerization are also disclosed.

HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION PROTECTION FOR COMPOSITES

Systems and methods for forming an oxidation protection system, on a composite structure is provided. In various embodiments, an oxidation protection system disposed on a substrate may comprise a base layer comprising a first pre-slurry composition comprising a first phosphate glass composition and a silica compound, and/or a sealing layer comprising a second pre-slurry composition comprising a second phosphate glass composition. 1. A method for forming an oxidation protection system on a composite structure , comprising:forming a first slurry by combining a first pre-slurry composition with a first carrier fluid, wherein the first pre-slurry composition comprises a first phosphate glass composition and a silica compound;applying the first slurry to the composite structure; andheating the composite structure to a temperature sufficient to form a base layer on the composite structure.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica compound comprises at least one of silica and a silica former.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica compound comprises silica and a silica former.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the silica former comprises at least one of a metal silicide claim 3 , silicon claim 3 , fumed silica claim 3 , silicon carbide claim 3 , and silicon carbonitride.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:forming a second slurry by combining a second pre-slurry composition with a second carrier fluid, wherein the second pre-slurry composition comprises a second phosphate glass composition;applying the second slurry to the composite structure; andheating the composite structure to a temperature sufficient to form a sealing layer on the composite structure.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the second pre-slurry composition comprises a silica compound claim 5 , wherein the silica compound comprises at least one of silica or a silica former.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first pre-slurry composition of the base layer comprises between about 15 ...

Polysaccharide Compositions and Particulate Materials Coated Therewith

Loose particulate materials can be problematic in various aspects. For example, loose particulate materials may generate dust or be difficult to consolidate together. Fines in loose particulate materials may also be an issue. Coated particulates may alleviate some of the foregoing issues. Suitable coated particulates may comprise a particulate material comprising sand or a ceramic, and a polysaccharide composition coated upon the particulate material, the polysaccharide composition comprising a functionalized polysaccharide. Other particulate materials such as wood chips and animal litter particulates may be coated with functionalized polysaccharides to achieve similar advantages. 114-. (canceled)15. An animal litter product comprising:a particulate base litter material; anda polysaccharide composition coated upon the particulate base litter material, the polysaccharide composition comprising a crosslinked polysaccharide.16. The animal litter product of claim 15 , wherein the particulate base litter material comprises a clay material.17. The animal litter product of claim 15 , wherein the polysaccharide composition further comprises a clay material.18. The animal litter product of claim 17 , wherein the clay material comprises bentonite.19. The animal litter product of claim 15 , wherein the crosslinked polysaccharide comprises a crosslinked dextran claim 15 , a crosslinked levan claim 15 , a crosslinked guar claim 15 , or any combination thereof.20. An animal litter product comprising:a particulate base litter material; anda polysaccharide composition coated upon the particulate base litter material, the polysaccharide composition comprising a clay material and a partially oxidized polysaccharide formed from a parent polysaccharide comprising a plurality of monosaccharide rings, in which at least a portion of the monosaccharide rings are oxidatively opened in the partially oxidized polysaccharide.21. The animal litter product of claim 20 , wherein the clay material ...

Honeycomb filter and production method for honeycomb filter

A honeycomb filter includes a ceramic honeycomb substrate and an auxiliary filter layer. The ceramic honeycomb substrate includes a porous honeycomb fired body having cell walls provided along a longitudinal direction of the porous honeycomb fired body to define cells through which fluid is to pass and which have a fluid inlet end and a fluid outlet end opposite to the fluid inlet end along the longitudinal direction. The cells include first cells including an inlet opening end at the fluid inlet end and an outlet closed end at the fluid outlet end. The auxiliary filter layer is provided on a surface of first cell walls of the first cells and on a pore portion in the first cell walls, and includes a first layer and a second layer. In the first layer, particles having a first average particle diameter are deposited on the surface of the first cell walls.

MACHINING DEVICE, MACHINING UNIT, AND MACHINING METHOD

Provided are a machining device (), a machining unit, and a machining method that irradiate a workpiece () with a laser beam to perform cutting or boring machining of the workpiece (). The invention has a laser output device (), a guiding optical system () that guides a laser beam, and an irradiating head () that guides a laser beam and irradiates the workpiece () with the laser beam. The irradiating head () integrally rotates a first prism () and a second prism () with a rotation mechanism, thereby rotating a light path of the laser beam around a rotational axis of the rotation mechanism and irradiating the workpiece () while rotating the position of irradiation to the workpiece. A control device () calculates an allowable rotational frequency range of the laser beam on the basis of the relationship between an allowable thickness of a remelted layer of the workpiece () and a rotational frequency, or the relationship between an allowable thickness of an oxidization layer of the workpiece and the rotational frequency, determines a rotational frequency included in the allowable rotational frequency range as the rotational frequency of the rotation mechanism, and rotates the rotation mechanism at the determined rotational frequency, thereby enabling high-precision machining to be performed with a simple configuration. 1. A machining device that irradiates a workpiece with a laser beam to perform cutting or boring machining of the workpiece , the machining device comprising:a laser output device that outputs a laser beam;a guiding optical system that guides the laser beam output from the laser output device; andan irradiating head that guides the laser beam output from the guiding optical system, and irradiates the workpiece with the laser beam,wherein the irradiating head includesa first prism that refracts the laser beam,a second prism that is arranged at a position facing the first prism to refract the laser beam,a rotation mechanism that integrally rotates the first ...

METAL/CERAMIC BONDING SUBSTRATE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME

There are provide a metal/ceramic bonding substrate wherein the bonding strength of an aluminum plate bonded directly to a ceramic substrate is higher than that of conventional metal/ceramic bonding substrates, and a method for producing the same. The metal/ceramic bonding substrate is produced by a method including the steps of: arranging a ceramic substrate in a mold ; putting the mold in a furnace; lowering an oxygen concentration to 25 ppm or less and a dew point to −45° C. or lower in the furnace; injecting a molten metal of aluminum into the mold so as to allow the molten metal to contact the surface of the ceramic substrate ; and cooling and solidifying the molten metal to form a metal plate for circuit pattern of aluminum on one side of the ceramic substrate to bond one side of the metal plate for circuit pattern directly to the ceramic substrate , while forming a metal base plate of aluminum on the other side of the ceramic substrate to bond the metal base plate directly to the ceramic substrate 1. A method for producing a metal/ceramic bonding substrate , the method comprising the steps of:arranging a ceramic substrate in a mold;putting the mold in a furnace;lowering an oxygen concentration to 25 ppm or less and a dew point to −45° C. or lower in the furnace;injecting a molten metal of aluminum into the mold so as to allow the molten metal to contact one side of the ceramic substrate; andcooling and solidifying the molten metal in the mold to form an aluminum plate on the one side of the ceramic substrate to bond the aluminum plate directly to the ceramic substrate.2. A method for producing a metal/ceramic bonding substrate as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the aluminum plate is an aluminum plate for circuit pattern.3. A method for producing a metal/ceramic bonding substrate as set forth in claim 1 , wherein when the molten metal of aluminum is injected into the mold so as to contact the one side of the ceramic substrate claim 1 , the molten metal of ...

FIBER TOWS WITH A HEAT-ACTIVATED SIZING

Fiber tows including a heat-activatable sizing are described. The sizing compositions have a first modulus at 25° C. of at least 150 megapascals (MPa) and no greater than 400 MPa; and a second modulus of 100,000 pascals (Pa) at a temperature of no greater than 160° C. Methods of preparing articles from such sized fiber tows and the articles comprising such sized fiber tows, including unidirectional and bidirectional constructions are also described. 1. A sized tow comprising a tow of ceramic fibers selected from the group consisting of oxide-based ceramic fibers and non-oxide based ceramic fibers that are based on carbides and nitrides , including oxynitrides , oxycarbides and oxycarbonitrides , and a sizing composition comprising a polymer covering at least a portion of the tow , wherein , as measured according to the Modulus Procedure as described in the Examples portion of the description , the sizing composition has a first modulus at 25° C. of at least 150 megapascals (MPa) and no greater than 400 MPa; and a second modulus of 100 ,000 pascals (Pa) at a temperature of no greater than 160° C.2. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the ceramic fibers comprise alpha-alumina.3. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the sizing composition is soluble in water.4. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the tow of fibers is a spread tow.5. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the first modulus is at least 200 MPa.6. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the first modulus is no greater than 350 MPa7. The sized tow of claim 6 , wherein the first modulus is no greater than 300 MPa.8. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the temperature at which the second modulus is 100 claim 1 ,000 Pa is at least 40° C.9. The sized tow of claim 1 , wherein the temperature at which the second modulus is 100 claim 1 ,000 Pa is no greater than 135° C.10. The sized tow of claim 9 , wherein the temperature at which the second modulus is 100 claim 9 ,000 Pa is between 45° C. and 100° C. claim 9 , inclusive.11. ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OXIDATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS

In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a method is disclosed. The method comprises providing a two-dimensional object comprising a lll-V group material, e.g. Boron nitride (BN), Boron carbon nitride (BCN), Aluminium nitride (AIN), Gallium nitride (GaN), Indium Nitride (InN), Indium phosphide (InP), Indium arsenide (InAs), Boron phosphide (BP), Boron arsenide (BAs), and Gallium phosphide (GaP) and/or a Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMD) group material, e.g Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2), Molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2), Tungsten sulfide (WS2), Tungsten diselenide (WSe2), Niobium sulfide (NbS2), Vanadium sulfide (VS2,), and Tantalum sulfide (TaS2) into an environment comprising oxygen; and exposing at least one part of the two-dimensional object to photonic irradiation in said environment, thereby oxidizing at least part of the material of the exposed part of the two-dimensional object. 120-. (canceled)21. A method , comprising:providing a two-dimensional object comprising a III-V group material and/or a Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMD) group material into an environment comprising oxygen; andexposing at least one part of the two-dimensional object to photonic irradiation in said environment, thereby oxidizing at least part of the material of the exposed part of the two-dimensional object.22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising:providing a substrate, andprior to providing the two-dimensional object into an environment comprising oxygen, depositing the III-V group material and/or the TMD group material onto the substrate, thereby forming the two-dimensional object comprising the III-V group material and/or the Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMD) group material.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein depositing the III-V group material and/or the TMD group material onto the substrate is performed by at least one of the following techniques: spray coating claim 22 , spin-coating claim 22 , drop-coating claim 22 , thin film transfer ...

Thermal and environmental barrier coating for ceramic substrates

A thermal and environmental barrier coating composed of ceramic hollow microspheres sintered together. In one embodiment the microspheres are sintered together with a powder of another material that acts as a binder, or with a powder of a material that may be the same as the material of the hollow microspheres, forming a matrix in which the hollow microspheres are embedded. The hollow microspheres may be composed of a material with a high temperature capability, and with a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

Internal Structure Observation Device And Internal Structure Analysis System Of Fluid Sample, Internal Structure Observation Method And Internal Structure Analysis Method Of Fluid Sample, And Method For Manufacturing Ceramic

The purpose of the present invention is to achieve an in-situ observation of structural change in a shear field of slurry, i.e. an evaluation of a rheology property of slurry containing raw materials of a ceramic as a fluid sample, together with an in-situ observation of internal structure of the fluid sample in an evaluation process, and a clarification of internal structural change. An observation of an internal structure of a fluid sample in an evaluation process of a rheology property by a rheometer is achieved by generating an optical coherence tomographic image by performing an optical coherence tomography by irradiating a light in infrared region from outside of the rheometer to the fluid sample , by inclining an optical axis of light in infrared region irradiating the fluid sample for a predetermined angle within an angular range of 1 to 10 degrees with respect to a normal direction of an observation surface A of the fluid sample by the optical coherence tomography imaging device , together with an evaluation of a rheology property of the fluid sample containing components different in a refractive index by the rheometer 1. An internal structure observation device of a fluid sample , comprising:a rheometer for evaluating a rheology property of the fluid sample containing components different in a refractive index; andan optical coherence tomography imaging unit for generating an optical coherence tomographic image by performing an optical coherence tomography by irradiating a light in infrared region from outside of the rheometer to the fluid sample during an evaluation of the rheology property by the rheometer,wherein an observation of an internal structure of the fluid sample in an evaluation process of the rheology property by the rheometer is achieved as the optical coherence tomographic image generated by the optical coherence tomography imaging unit, by inclining an optical axis of light in infrared region irradiating the fluid sample for a ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CARBIDE DERIVED CARBON LAYER WITH DIMPLE PATTERN AND CARBIDE DERIVED CARBON LAYER WITH DIMPLE PATTERN PRODUCED BY THE METHOD

Disclosed is a method for producing a carbide derived carbon layer with a dimple pattern. The method includes forming a dimple pattern on the surface of a carbide ceramic material and forming a carbide derived carbon layer thereon. Also disclosed is a carbide derived carbon layer with a dimple pattern produced by the method. The carbide derived carbon layer with dimple pattern has high wear resistance, good adhesion to a machine part, and excellent frictional characteristics. The carbide derived carbon layer can be applied to various fields, such as coating of carbide coated and carbide materials. Particularly, the carbide derived carbon layer is suitable for coating of machine parts (e.g., sliding parts, mechanical seals, piston rings, and compressor vanes) where excellent mechanical properties are needed. 1. A method for producing a carbide derived carbon layer with a dimple pattern , comprising (a) irradiating a laser onto the surface of a carbide ceramic material to form a dimple pattern , (b) feeding a halogen gas to the dimple-patterned carbide ceramic material and allowing the halogen gas to react with the carbide ceramic material to form a carbide derived carbon layer , and (c) feeding hydrogen gas to the carbide derived carbon layer to remove residual chlorine compounds.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dimple pattern consists of dimples spaced apart from one another and arranged in the form of a lattice.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the diameter of the dimples is from 50 to 200 μm and the distance between the centers of the adjacent dimples is from 2 to 5 times the diameter of the dimples.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the depth of the dimples is from 20 to 60 μm.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the carbide ceramic material is represented by MexCy wherein x and y are each independently an integer from 1 to 6 and Me is selected from the group consisting of Si claim 1 , Ti claim 1 , W claim 1 , Fe claim ...

Compositions and Methods of Attachment of Thick Environmental Barrier Coatings on CMC Components

A coating system on a CMC substrate is provided, along with methods of its tape deposition onto a substrate. The coating system can include a bond coat on a surface of the CMC substrate; a first rare earth silicate coating on the bond coat; a first sacrificial coating of a first reinforced rare earth silicate matrix on the at least one rare earth silicate layer; a second rare earth silicate coating on the sacrificial coating; a second sacrificial coating of a second reinforced rare earth silicate matrix on the second rare earth silicate coating; a third rare earth silicate coating on the second sacrificial coating; and an outer layer on the third rare earth silicate coating. The first sacrificial coating and the second sacrificial coating have, independently, a thickness of about 4 mils to about 40 mils. 1. A coating system on a CMC substrate , the coating system comprising:a first rare earth silicate coating on the substrate, wherein the first rare earth silicate coating comprises at least one rare earth silicate layer;a first sacrificial coating of a first reinforced rare earth silicate matrix on the at least one rare earth silicate layer, wherein the first sacrificial coating has a thickness of about 4 mils to about 40 mils;a second rare earth silicate coating on the sacrificial coating, wherein the second rare earth silicate coating comprises at least one rare earth silicate layer;a second sacrificial coating of a second reinforced rare earth silicate matrix on the second rare earth silicate coating, wherein the second sacrificial coating has a thickness of about 4 mils to about 40 mils; anda third rare earth silicate coating on the second sacrificial coating, wherein the third rare earth silicate coating comprises at least one rare earth silicate layer;an outer layer on the third rare earth silicate coating.2. The coating system of claim 1 , wherein the first sacrificial coating has a thickness of about 8 mils to about 25 mils claim 1 , and wherein the second ...

METHOD FOR REPAIRING CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE MEMBER

A method for repairing a target member including a ceramic matrix composite reinforced by ceramic fiber includes: a removal step of removing at least a part of a surface of the target member; an arrangement step of arranging a green body for repair which includes the ceramic fiber on a portion where the surface is removed in the removal step; an impregnation step of impregnating at least the portion of the target member where the green body for repair is disposed with slurry; and a sintering step of sintering the target member on which the green body for repair is disposed, after the impregnation step. 1. A method for repairing a target member including a ceramic matrix composite reinforced by ceramic fiber , the method comprising:a removal step of removing at least a part of a surface of the target member;an arrangement step of arranging a green body for repair which includes the ceramic fiber on a portion where the surface is removed in the removal step;an impregnation step of impregnating at least the portion of the target member where the green body for repair is disposed with slurry; anda sintering step of sintering the target member on which the green body for repair is disposed, after the impregnation step.2. The method for repairing a ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1 , further comprising:a hole-forming step of forming at least one hole on the portion where the surface is removed, after the removal step.3. The method for repairing a ceramic matrix composite according to claim 2 ,wherein the portion where the surface is removed in the removal step includes a first region where a density of the ceramic fiber is relatively high and a second region where the density of the ceramic fiber is lower than that in the first region, andwherein the hole-forming step includes forming the at least one hole in the second region.4. The method for repairing a ceramic matrix composite according to claim 3 ,wherein the ceramic fiber includes a layer including a ...

MODIFIED BARIUM TITANATE FOAM CERAMIC/THERMOSETTING RESIN COMPOSITES AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Disclosed are a modified barium titanate foam ceramic/thermosetting resin composite material and a preparation method therefor. An organic additive is used as an auxiliary; deionized water is used as a solvent; nanometer barium titanate is used as a ceramic raw material; and same are mixed and ground so as to form a slurry. A pre-treated polymer sponge is impregnated in the slurry for slurry coating treatment and a barium titanate foam ceramic is obtained after drying and sintering. Then, through dopamine modification, micrometer/nanometer silver is in-situ deposited on a skeleton surface. A resin, which is in the molten state and is thermosettable, is immersed into pores of the modified barium titanate foam ceramic, and a modified barium titanate foam ceramic/thermosetting resin composite material is obtained after a thermosetting treatment. 1. A preparation method of modified barium titanate foam ceramic/thermosetting resin composites , wherein comprising the following steps:(1) by weight, 100 parts of nano barium titanate and 30 to 120 parts of an aqueous solution of organic binder with a concentration of 1 to 15 wt % are sufficiently ground to obtain a slurry A; 10 to 80 parts of an aqueous solution of organic rheological agent with a concentration of 0.5 to 3 wt % are added into the slurry A, and the mixture is sufficiently ground to obtain a slurry B; 20 to 80 parts of an aqueous solution of organic dispersant with a concentration of 0.5 to 3 wt % are added into the slurry B, and the mixture is sufficiently ground to obtain a slurry C;said organic binder is one or more selected from polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose; said organic rheological agent is one or more selected from carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyhexyl cellulose; said organic dispersant is one or more selected from polyacrylamide, polyethyleneimine and polyacrylic acid amine;(2) a polymer sponge having a specification of 15 to 35 PPI is soaked in an aqueous solution ...

FIREPROOF MATERIAL AND FIREPROOF PLATE, AND FIREPROOF WALL STRUCTURE FOR TUNNEL AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD

Disclosed are a fireproof material, a fireproof plate, a fireproof wall structure for tunnels and a construction method. The fireproof material includes the following components in weight ratio: 20-35 parts of aluminosilicate; 10-25 parts of calcium carbonate; 5-15 parts of magnesium oxide; 5-15 parts of silica; 20-40 parts of a binder; and 5-10 parts of a curing agent, the binder includes at least one of lithium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate in combination with at least one of quartz sand and industrial sugar; and the curing agent is at least one of lithium oxide and magnesium oxide. In the preparation, firstly forming the mixture of aluminosilicate, magnesium oxide and silica into particles at 900° C.-1250° C., and then mixing the particles with calcium carbonate, the binder and the curing agent, and then pouring same into a forming mold and heating and pressing to form the fireproof material. 1. A fireproof material , characterized in that the material comprises the following components in weight ratio:20-35 parts of aluminosilicate;10-25 parts of calcium carbonate;5-15 parts of magnesium oxide;5-15 parts of silica;20-40 parts of binder;5-10 parts of curing agent;wherein the binder is at least one of lithium silicate, potassium silicate, and sodium silicate mixed with at least one of quartz sand and industrial sugar; and the curing agent is at least one of lithium oxide and magnesium oxide; a mixture of the aluminosilicate, the magnesium oxide and the silica forms into particles at 900° C.-1250° C.; the particles are mixed with the calcium carbonate, the binder and the curing agent, poured into a forming mold, heated and pressed to form the material.2. The fireproof material according to claim 1 , further comprising 5-10 parts of bentonite in weight ratio;3. The fireproof material according to claim 1 ,wherein, when the binder is a mixture of lithium silicate and industrial sugar, the components in weight ratio are:15-25 parts of lithium ...

MILDEWPROOF AND ANTIROT HIGH-STRENGTH CEMENT PARTICLE BOARD AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOF

Technical fields of building external wall decoration and material manufacturing, providing a mildewproof and antirot high-strength cement particle board and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method includes: (1) sequentially carbonizing and water-washing a shaving, and mixing the obtained carbonized shaving with a cement gelling agent, a curing agent aqueous solution and water to obtain a mixture; (2) molding the mixture to obtain a pre-molded material; and (3) sequentially curing and drying the pre-molded material to obtain the mildewproof and antirot high-strength cement particle board. Compared to ordinary cement particle board, which is not subjected to carbonization treatment and water-washing, the cement particle board of the present invention can effectively avoid mildew and rot, and can significantly improve the mechanical strength and durability thereof, helping to extend the service life of the cement particle board. 1. A preparation method of a mildewproof and antirot high-strength cement particle board , comprising the following steps:(1) sequentially carbonizing and water-washing a shaving, and mixing the obtained carbonized shaving with a cement gelling agent, a curing agent aqueous solution and water to obtain a mixture;(2) molding the mixture to obtain a pre-molded material; and(3) sequentially curing and drying the pre-molded material to obtain the mildewproof and antirot high-strength cement particle board.2. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step (1) claim 1 , the shaving comprises a wood shaving and/or a non-wood shaving; the shaving has a length of 10-30 mm claim 1 , a width of 1-6 mm claim 1 , a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm claim 1 , and a moisture content of 10%-12%.3. The preparation method according to claim 1 , wherein in the step (1) claim 1 , the carbonization treatment is a superheated steam carbonization treatment claim 1 , and the pressure of superheated steam is 0.2-0.5 MPa.4. The preparation method ...

Thermal spray deposited coating

In one example, a method for forming an environmental barrier coating (EBC) on a substrate. The method may include heating the substrate before and/or during deposition of EBC on the substrate using an external burner and/or resistive electrical heating. Additionally, or alternatively, the as-deposited EBC may be heat treated using an external burner and/or resistive electrical heating. In some examples, the techniques of the disclosure are configured to increase or otherwise tailor the amount of crystalline phase in the EBC.

PLASMA RESISTANT SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING CHAMBER COMPONENTS

Described herein are components of a semiconductor processing apparatus, where at least one surface of the component is resistant to a halogen-containing reactive plasma. The component includes a solid structure having a composition containing crystal grains of yttrium oxide, yttrium fluoride or yttrium oxyfluoride and at least one additional compound selected from an oxide, fluoride, or oxyfluoride of neodymium, cerium, samarium, erbium, aluminum, scandium, lanthanum, hafnium, niobium, zirconium, ytterbium, hafnium, and combinations thereof. 1. A component of a semiconductor processing apparatus , wherein a surface of the component is resistant to a halogen-comprising reactive plasma , the component comprising: crystal grains selected from a group consisting of yttrium oxide, yttrium fluoride and yttrium oxyfluoride, and', 'at least one additional compound selected from a group consisting of an oxide, fluoride, or oxyfluoride of neodymium, cerium, samarium, erbium, aluminum, scandium, lanthanum, hafnium, niobium, zirconium, ytterbium and combinations of an oxide, fluoride or oxyfluoride of at least one of these elements., 'a solid structure having an overall uniform composition, wherein the composition comprises2. The component of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an amorphous phase comprising yttrium and fluorine.3. The component of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a yttrium aluminum oxyfluoride (Y—Al—O—F) amorphous phase.4. The component of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a yttrium oxide.5. The component of claim 1 , wherein in the composition comprises a yttrium fluoride.6. The component of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a yttrium oxyfluoride.7. The component of claim 1 , wherein the at least one additional compound comprises aluminum oxide claim 1 , aluminum fluoride or aluminum oxyfluoride.8. The component of claim 1 , wherein the at least one additional compound comprises zirconium oxide claim 1 , ...

GARNET MATERIALS FOR LI SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING GARNET MATERIALS

Set forth herein are garnet material compositions, e.g., lithium-stuffed garnets and lithium-stuffed garnets doped with alumina, which are suitable for use as electrolytes and catholytes in solid state battery applications. Also set forth herein are lithium-stuffed garnet thin films having fine grains therein. Disclosed herein are novel and inventive methods of making and using lithium-stuffed garnets as catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes for all solid state lithium rechargeable batteries. Also disclosed herein are novel electrochemical devices which incorporate these garnet catholytes, electrolytes and/or anolytes. Also set forth herein are methods for preparing novel structures, including dense thin (<50 um) free standing membranes of an ionically conducting material for use as a catholyte, electrolyte, and, or, anolyte, in an electrochemical device, a battery component (positive or negative electrode materials), or a complete solid state electrochemical energy storage device. Also, the methods set forth herein disclose novel sintering techniques, e.g., for heating and/or field assisted (FAST) sintering, for solid state energy storage devices and the components thereof. 1. A composition comprising a lithium stuffed garnet and AlO , wherein the lithium-stuffed garnet is characterized by the empirical formula{'sub': A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F, 'LiLaM′M″ZrO, wherein 4 Подробнее

Plasma processing device member, plasma processing device comprising said plasma processing device member, and method for manufacturing plasma processing device member

A plasma processing device member according to the disclosure includes a base material and a film formed of an oxide, or fluoride, or oxyfluoride, or nitride of a rare-earth element, the film being disposed on at least part of the base material, the film including a surface to be exposed to plasma, the surface having an area occupancy of open pores of 8% by area or more, and an average diameter of open pores of 8 μm or less.

SANITARY WARE

Disclosed is a process for producing a sanitary ware. The sanitary ware includes a glaze layer and a photocatalyst layer provided on the glaze layer. The photocatalyst layer is an oxide film including a co-fired product of a precursor of titanium oxide and a precursor of zirconium oxide and contains 65 to 85% by mass of titanium oxide and 15 to 35% by mass of zirconium oxide. The process includes the steps of applying a solution containing at least a precursor of titanium oxide and a precursor of zirconium oxide on a surface of a sanitary ware free from a photocalyst layer, and then firing the coating to form a photocatalyst layer. 1. A process for producing a sanitary ware which comprises a glaze layer and a photocatalyst layer provided on the glaze layer , wherein the photocatalyst layer is an oxide film comprising a co-fired product of a precursor of titanium oxide and a precursor of zirconium oxide and contains 65 to 85% by mass of titanium oxide and 15 to 35% by mass of zirconium oxide , applying a solution containing at least a precursor of titanium oxide and a precursor of zirconium oxide on a surface of a sanitary ware free from a photocalyst layer and then', 'firing the coating to form a photocatalyst layer., 'the process comprising the steps of'}2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the firing is carried out at a temperature of 700 to 800° C.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein photocatalyst layer has methylene blue decomposition index of 5 or more.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein photocatalyst layer has a thickness of 50 to 200 nm.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the precursor of titanium oxide is a titanium alkoxide or a titanium chelate.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the titanium alkoxide is represented by general formula Ti(OR)wherein OR represents a Calkoxy group claim 1 , acetyl acetonate claim 1 , or ethyl acetoacetate.7. The process according to claim 6 , wherein the titanium alkoxide is one ...

POROUS BODIES WITH ENHANCED PORE ARCHITECTURE

A porous body is provided with enhanced fluid transport properties that is capable of performing or facilitating separations, or performing reactions and/or providing areas for such separations or reactions to take place. The porous body includes at least 80 percent alpha alumina and has a pore volume from 0.3 mL/g to 1.2 mL/g and a surface area from 0.3 m/g to 3.0 m/g. The porous body further includes a pore architecture that provides at least one of a tortuosity of 7.0 or less, a constriction of 4.0 or less and a permeability of 30 mdarcys or greater. The porous body can be used in a wide variety of applications such as, for example, as a filter, as a membrane or as a catalyst carrier. 1. A precursor mixture for producing a porous body , the precursor mixture comprising:(i) at least one milled alpha alumina powder having a particle size of 0.1 microns to 6 microns,(ii) a non-silicate binder, and(iii) at least one principle burnout material having a particle size of 1 micron to 10 microns.2. The precursor mixture of claim 1 , wherein the least one milled alpha alumina powder claim 1 , the non-silicate binder claim 1 , and the at least one principle burnout material are in a homogeneous mixture.3. The precursor mixture of claim 1 , wherein the at least one principle burnout material is a granulated polyolefin.4. The precursor mixture of claim 3 , wherein the granulated polyolefin is one of polyethylene and polypropylene.5. The precursor mixture of claim 1 , further comprising unmilled alpha alumina powder.6. The precursor mixture of claim 5 , wherein the unmilled alpha alumina powder has an average particle size from 10 microns to 100 microns.7. The precursor mixture of claim 5 , wherein a weight ratio of the milled alpha alumina powder to the unmilled alpha alumina powder is from about 0.25:1 to 5:1.8. The precursor mixture of claim 5 , further comprising an additional unmilled alpha alumina powder having a particle size greater the particle size of the unmilled ...

SACRIFICIAL FIBERS TO CREATE CHANNELS IN A COMPOSITE MATERIAL

A carbon fiber preform that includes a plurality of fibrous layers stacked together and a plurality of sacrificial fibers that bind the plurality of fibrous layers together, where at least one fibrous layer of the plurality of fibrous layers includes a plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers. 1. A carbon fiber preform comprising:a plurality of fibrous layers stacked together, wherein at least one fibrous layer of the plurality of fibrous layers comprises a plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers; anda plurality of sacrificial fibers that bind the plurality of fibrous layers together.2. The carbon fiber preform of claim 1 , wherein the at least one fibrous layer further comprises a plurality of sacrificial fibers mixed with the plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers.3. The carbon fiber preform of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of sacrificial fibers are interwoven with the plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers.4. The carbon fiber preform of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of sacrificial fibers comprise at least one of a polymeric fiber claim 1 , a thermoplastic material claim 1 , or an organic material.5. The carbon fiber preform of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of sacrificial fibers are configured to be substantially removed from the carbon fiber preform upon heating the carbon fiber preform between about 170° C. and about 400° C.6. The carbon fiber preform of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers comprises at least one of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers or pitch fibers.7. The carbon fiber preform of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of fibrous layers further comprises a non-woven fibrous layer comprising a mixture of:a second plurality of sacrificial fibers, anda plurality of carbon fibers or carbon fiber precursor fibers.8. A method of forming a carbon fiber preform claim 1 , the method comprising:stacking plurality of fibrous layers ...

Method for preparing support of molecular sieve membrane

A method for preparing a support of a molecular sieve membrane is provided and relates to a technical field of support preparation, including steps of: according to a molar ratio of magnesium, aluminum and silicon in cordierite, preparing a nanometer composite sol of magnesium, aluminum, silicon and lanthanum serving as a sintering aid through a sol-gel method, enveloping and bonding the sol on a surface of dispersed nano-sized cordierite powders, and transforming the sol into nanometer composite oxides through presintering; mixing the cordierite powders, a binder and water, forming mud, extruding the mud, forming the mud into a green body, and sintering the green body into a cordierite support; coating a layer of film on the cordierite support with an aqueous dispersant of zirconia, then sintering, and obtaining a support of a molecular sieve membrane, composited by a cordierite main support layer and a zirconia film layer.

Neutron Absorbing Composite Material and Method of Manufacture

A method of producing a neutron absorbing plate constructed of a boron carbide aluminum matrix composite material is disclosed. The method includes mixing a 30-50 micron average particle size B4C powder with an aqueous organic binder component to form a slurry; then drying the slurry at a temperature from about 20 to about 90 degrees Celsius until a dried cake comprising 1-20 percent organic binder of the total weight of said dry cake is formed; then granulating said dried cake to yield a granule size from about 0.5 mm to about 3 mm; then compressing said granules under pressure to create a particulate preform having an interior open porosity; and finally infiltrating the preform under pressure with a liquid metal, to form a metal matrix composite with uniform B4C particle loading. 1. A method of producing a neutron absorbing Metal Matrix Composite , comprising the steps of:mixing a 30-50 micron average particle size B4C powder with an aqueous organic binder component to form a slurry;drying said slurry at a temperature from about 20 to about 90 degrees Celsius until a dried cake comprising 1-20 percent organic binder of the total weight of said dry cake is formed;granulating said dried cake to yield a granule size from about 0.5 mm to about 3 mm;compressing said granules under pressure to create a particulate preform having an interior open porosity;infiltrating said preform under pressure with a liquid metal, said metal infiltrating said interior open porosity of said preform to form a metal matrix composite, said metal matrix composite having uniform B4C particle loading.2. A method of producing a neutron absorbing Metal Matrix Composite as in claim 1 , wherein the step of compressing said granules further includes the steps of placing said granules in a mold cavity; thenapplying low pressure from about 10 to about 15 PSI to allow said resultant preform to conform to the dimensions of said mold cavity.3. A method of producing a neutron absorbing Metal Matrix ...

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING CERAMIC MATERIAL, CAPACITOR, SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL, WATER ELECTROLYSIS DEVICE, AND HYDROGEN PUMP

A method for manufacturing a ceramic material includes a step of performing heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere on a ceramic material in which a metallic oxide is diffused in crystal grains, thereby to reduce the metallic oxide to deposit a metallic element at grain boundaries of the ceramic material. 1. A method for manufacturing a ceramic material , the method comprising a step of performing heat treatment in a reducing atmosphere on a ceramic material in which a metallic oxide is diffused in crystal grains , thereby to reduce the metallic oxide to deposit a metallic element at grain boundaries of the ceramic material.2. The method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to claim 1 , further comprising:a step of oxidizing the metallic element deposited at the grain boundaries; anda step of performing heat treatment in an inert atmosphere on the ceramic material having the metallic oxide at the grain boundaries.3. The method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to claim 1 , wherein the ceramic material is yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY) claim 1 , ytterbium-doped barium zirconate (BZYb) claim 1 , yttrium-doped strontium zirconate (SZY) claim 1 , yttrium-doped barium cerate (BCY) claim 1 , or barium titanate (BT).4. The method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to claim 1 , wherein the metallic oxide is an oxide of nickel (Ni) claim 1 , iron (Fe) claim 1 , copper (Cu) claim 1 , titanium (Ti) claim 1 , or cobalt (Co).5. The method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to claim 1 , wherein the step of depositing the metallic element at the grain boundaries of the ceramic material is carried out in an atmosphere containing a getter material having oxidation activity equal to or higher than that of the metallic element.6. A capacitor in which a ceramic material obtained by the method for manufacturing a ceramic material according to is used.7. A solid oxide fuel cell in which a ceramic material obtained by the method for ...

CERAMIC MEMBRANE FILTER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

A ceramic membrane filter includes a porous substrate including cells through which a fluid flows, an intermediate membrane formed on the porous substrate, and a separation membrane formed on the intermediate membrane. In this ceramic membrane filter, the percentage of the number of cells having cracks with a size of 4 μm or less relative to the total number of cells is 9% or less. 1. A ceramic membrane filter comprising:a substrate including cells through which a fluid flows;an intermediate membrane formed on the substrate; anda separation membrane formed on the intermediate membrane,wherein a percentage of the number of cells having cracks with a size of 4 μm or less relative to the total number of cells is 9% or less.2. The ceramic membrane filter according to claim 1 , wherein an initial bubbling pressure in water is 0.08 MPa or more and a percentage of the number of bubbling cells relative to the total number of cells is 9% or less.3. The ceramic membrane filter according to claim 1 , wherein the separation membrane has an average thickness of 5 μm or more and 20 μm or less.4. The ceramic membrane filter according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate membrane has an average thickness of 120 μm or more and 450 μm or less.5. The ceramic membrane filter according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate membrane has an average pore size of 0.1 μM or more and 0.6 μm or less.6. The ceramic membrane filter according to claim 1 , wherein the intermediate membrane contains aluminum oxide or titanium oxide as a main raw material and contains clay or titanium oxide as a sintering agent.7. A method for producing a ceramic membrane filter claim 1 , the method comprising:a formation step of forming a raw material layer for an intermediate membrane on a substrate using a raw material slurry prepared by mixing an organic binder, a ceramic raw material, and a solvent, the organic binder containing a dry crack inhibitor that is a resin having a chain structure and a molecular ...

Nano modified silicate capillary crystalline material and use method thereof

A concrete durability protection method is provided, including following steps: Step one: rinsing the concrete surface; Step two: spraying agent A material or alternately spraying agent B material and agent A material at the wet surface of the concrete; Step three: repeating step two. The beneficial effects of the present invention include: nanoscale active silicate penetrates into the concrete surface layer within a certain depth and reacts with free calcium ions within the concrete to form C—S—H crystalline, thereby improving the compactness of the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, repairing defects in the concrete surface layer within a certain depth, such as the capillary interstices, pores, microcracks, etc., so as to effectively improve the durability of concrete. The unreacted nanoscale active silicate material has permanent activity. It could recover its activity when the concrete absorbs moisture, and continue to react with free calcium ions in the concrete to quickly form C—S—H crystals, realizing the permanent concrete durability protection.