ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МОНТМОРИЛЛОНИТА ДЛЯ ДЕТОКСИКАЦИИ ПОЧВ, ЗАГРЯЗНЕННЫХ ГЕРБИЦИДАМИ

Изобретение относится к сельскому хозяйству, а именно к проблеме в агрохимии, связанной с преодолением фитотоксического действия остатков гербицидов в почвах на культурные растения. В качестве детоксиканта предложен монтмориллонит, вносимый в почву в дозе 100-200 кг/га в виде суспензии в воде за сутки до посева. Применение монтмориллонита позволяет нейтрализовать фитотоксическое действие гербицидов сульфонилмочевинового ряда, в частности метсульфурон-метила, в почве, при этом обеспечивается стимуляция роста растений. 2 з.п. ф-лы, 2 табл.

СПОСОБ БИОМЕЛИОРАЦИИ БУРЫХ И КАШТАНОВЫХ ПОЧВ С СОЛОНЦАМИ НА ДЕГРАДИРОВАННЫХ БОГАРНЫХ СУХОСТЕПНЫХ ЗЕМЛЯХ

Ground consolidation or water sealing - using water glass and acid reagent pref. together with gelling control agent and clay

The ground has introduced or injected into it a solvent fluid mixt. of water glass and an acid reagent. The pH value of the mixt. is in a range between weakly acid and weakly alkaline values. Pref. the fluid contains >=1 of a gelling control agent and clay. The mixt. is chosen so that the above pH level is maintained. Pref. two fluids are used which are combined, the above pH level being maintained, and are injected at high pressure as a jet. Ground water- and soil pollution is minimal.

PROCESS FOR THE DISPOSAL OF INDUSTRIAL SLUDGES

A process for the hardening of soil and the like

The process of the parent Specification is modified by mechanically mixing the soil, after application of the second and third solutions, or after application of each of the three solutions, to the depth to which the soil is desired to harden; the soil may be treated in situ or temporarily removed. Further, in very wet soil, the calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide may be mixed with the soil in solid form. In clayey, sandy or fine-grained soils, two or more alternate applications of the calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide may be made before applying the sodium silicate. A futher application of calcium chloide solution may be applied after the treatment with sodium silicate. Solutions of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide of decreasing concentration may be applied followed by a solution comprising very dilute solutions of sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride added together until there is no further precipitation. Calcium chloride may be replaced in part by magnesium chloride and sodium ...

PROCESS FOR PRESERVING WASTE,SUBSOILS AND THE LIKE

A process for modifying the physical characteristics of argillaceous soils

... 512,763. Electrolytic treatment of soil. RODIO, G. Nov. 26, 1937, No. 32730. Void. Convention date, Nov. 28, 1936. [Class 41] [Also in Group XXI] Physical characteristics of argillaceous soils are modified by injecting into the soil a liquid containing ions capable of substituting themselves for the ions present at the surface of the particles of clay and having an affinity for water different from that of the replaced ions. Thus, water may be freed from a clay rlch in sodium carbonate by injecting cement, free lime or an aluminium salt in solution or suspension, and the process may be assisted by treating the soil electrically, as by a continuous current using an aluminium electrode ; freed water may be left in situ or removed by electro-osmosis, or creation of a hydraulic gradient. Similarly, clay poor in Na2O may be consolidated by injecting caustic soda, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate &c. so as to increase the amount of water absorbed.

Inorganic, static electric binder composition, usethereof and method for the preparation of said bi nder composition

Inorganic, static electric binder composition, usethereof and method for the preparation of said bi nder composition.

Inorganic, static electric binder composition, usethereof and method for the preparation of said bi nder composition

Inorganic, static electric binder composition, usethereof and method for the preparation of said bi nder composition

SEALING MEANS AND/OR SOLIDIFICATION MEANS FOR GROUNDS AND/OR BUILDING MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES FOR USING THE SAME

PROCEDURE FOR SEALING A UNDER OF THE BODENOBERFLAECHE LYING BODENSCHICHT FROM SAND OR GRAVELLY SAND WITH SEWAGE SLUDGE.

Procedure for the sealing of objects

GROUND WORKING METHOD TO DUST CONTROL AND SOIL STABILIZATION BY USE OF WASTE WATER

SOIL STABILIZATION METHOD AND COMPOSITIONS

Process to convert reduced sulfur species and water into hydrogen and sulfuric acid

In an aspect, provided herein are methods for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas, the methods comprising steps of: providing sulfur dioxide formed by thermal conversion of a sulfur-containing species; electrochemically oxidizing said sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in the presence of water; and electrochemically forming hydrogen gas via a reduction reaction. In some embodiments, the methods comprise a step of thermally converting said sulfur-containing species to said sulfur dioxide. Systems configured to perform these methods are also disclosed herein. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas by electrochemically forming the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen gas in a mixture comprising a sulfur material, a supporting acid, and water. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing a cement material.

ACTIVATION OF CLAYS BY COMPACTION

PROCESS TO CONVERT REDUCED SULFUR SPECIES AND WATER INTO HYDROGEN AND SULFURIC ACID

In an aspect, provided herein are methods for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas, the methods comprising steps of: providing sulfur dioxide formed by thermal conversion of a sulfur-containing species; electrochemically oxidizing said sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in the presence of water; and electrochemically forming hydrogen gas via a reduction reaction. In some embodiments, the methods comprise a step of thermally converting said sulfur-containing species to said sulfur dioxide. Systems configured to perform these methods are also disclosed herein. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas by electrochemically forming the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen gas in a mixture comprising a sulfur material, a supporting acid, and water. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing a cement material.

MINERAL COMPLEX, COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME

The invention provides inter alia a mineral complex comprising about 40 wt.% to about 60 wt.% SiO2, about 6 wt.% to about 16 wt.% Fe2O3, about 4 wt.% to about 12 wt.%. CaO, about 2 wt.% to about 8 wt.% MgO, wherein at least 85% of the mineral complex has a particle size of about 10 to about 6000 mesh, related compositions and methods for their use, including for growth medium augmentation and remediation.

Method of Ameliorating Acid Soil to Enhance Plant Growth

Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abdichtungsmasse für Abdichtungen im Grundbau.

Procédé pour imperméabiliser et consolider les terrains ou maçonneries.

Procédé pour imperméabiliser et consolider les terrains ou maçonneries.

Procédé de renforcement de la solidité d'un sol

Procédé de consolidation des terrains de gypse et d'anhydrite

Magnetisable materials to improve soil structure and fortify soil

A magnetisable material for affecting soil characteristics in a targetted manner, on the one hand for biological purposes, by directly influencing biological systems and on the other hand to fortify the soil contains or is mixed with paramagnetic ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, antiferromagnetic or other magnetic or magnetisable substances.

Organic halogen compound decomposition agent containing iron particles, and process for production thereof

Provided are: a decomposition agent which needs not to contain copper, is composed of iron particles, and is capable of decomposing an organic halogen compound satisfactorily; and a process for producing the decomposition agent. The decomposition agent for an organic halogen compound comprises iron particles composed of iron and iron oxide, wherein the outermost surface layer of each of the iron particles has a metal iron content of 15 mass% or more when two rounds of ion beam etching are carried out under the following etching conditions: the degree of vacuum in a chamber: 2.010-2 Pa; the accelerating voltage of an ion gun: 10 kV; the emission current: 10 mA; and the etching time: 14 seconds.

Process of reinforcement of layers of ground

Soil stabilisation by addition of salts and/or acids - followed by impregnation, and compaction

Process for Sealing, Strengthening or Waterproofing Objects.

MINERAIS ENRICHIS DE FER-NICKEL A PARTIR DE REJETS DE MINES D'AMIANTE ET PROCEDES POUR LES PRODUIRE

A l'issu des traitements décrits par le brevet principal n degrés 71417 du 22 novembre 1971 des déchets les uns légers, les autres denses sont l'objet d'application décrits dans la première addition n degrés 73 359 du 25 octobre 1973, etc., relative aux propriétés hydrophiles et lipophiles des fractions légères inférieures à 100 microns. La présente deuxième addition concerne des applications des fractions légères inférieures à 300 microns et particulièrement en substras hydrophiles pour retenir l'eau dans les sols arides.

Process to waterproof and consolidate the grounds or masonries

METHOD OF CONSOLIDATING COAL AND/OR ROCK IN MINES

CO2 SEQUESTERING SOIL STABILIZATION COMPOSITION

CO2 sequestering soil stabilization compositions are provided. The soil stabilization compositions of the invention include a CO2 sequestering component, e.g., a CO2 sequestering carbonate composition. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2 sequestering soil stabilization composition. The invention also comprises the method of stabilizing soil and producing a soil stabilized structure utilizing such compositions.

BIOCHARS FOR USE WITH ANIMALS

Biochars and methods for treating biochars are provided that are useful in various applications, including, but not limited to, applications related to the raising, care, maintenance, disease prevention, disease treatment and odor control of animals. 1. A method for incorporating an agent into bio-char for use in an animal application , the method comprising the steps of: treating biochar to clean the pores of the biochar of certain residual organic or inorganic compounds unsuitable for animal digestion , treating the biochar to introduce an agent into the pores of the biochar , where the agent introduced is beneficial for consumption by animals.2. The method of where the agent is one or more of the following: a nutrient claim 1 , a vitamin claim 1 , a drug claim 1 , a microbe claim 1 , water or a supplement.3. The method of where the residual organic or inorganic compound is a dioxin.4. The method of where the treated biochar has no detectible dioxins unsuitable for animal digestion.5. The method of where the treatment of the biochar also adjusts the pH of the biochar to be at a level beneficial for animal consumption.6. A method for incorporating an agent into biochar for use in an animal application claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of: treating the biochar to introduce an agent into the pores of the biochar claim 1 , where the agent is infused into the pores of the biochar by adding a surfactant to a liquid solution containing the agent and submerging the biochar in the liquid solution.7. The method of where the step of treating biochar includes placing the biochar in a tank and then pulling a vacuum on the tank or applying positive pressure on the contents of the tank.8. The method of where the agent is one or more of the following: a nutrient claim 6 , a vitamin claim 6 , a drug claim 6 , a microbe claim 6 , water or a supplement.9. The method of where the treated biochar has no detectible dioxins unsuitable for animal digestion.10. The method of where ...

Biochar Coated Seeds

The present invention provides for biochar coated particles and a method for coating the particles with biochar. 1. A method for coating particles , the method comprising the steps of (i) preparing a binding solution by mixing a binder with water; (ii) heating the binding solution to dissolve the binder in the water; (iii) placing particles in a rotary tumbler; (iv) dispensing the binding solution into the tumbler with the particles; (v) tumbling the particles until the particles are evenly coated with the binding solution; (vi) dispensing biochar in the tumbler to coat the particles with biochar; and (vi) drying the particles while tumbling.2. The method of where the biochar is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.3. The method of further including the step of dispensing a fertilizer in the tumbler to coat the particle.4. The method of further including the step of combining a fertilizer with the biochar prior to dispensing the biochar into the tumbler to coat the particles claim 1 , whereby a combined mixture of biochar and fertilizer in dispensed into the tumbler to coat the particles.5. The method of where the fertilizer is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.6. The method of where the step of dispensing the binding solution claim 1 , tumbling the particles and dispensing the biochar in the tumbler is repeated until the coat substantially surrounding the particles is between 0.01 and 100 times the diameter of the particles.721. The method of claim where the biochar claim 1 , prior to being dispensed in the tumbler claim 1 , has been treated by the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar.8. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in part by a vacuum processing treatment.9. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquid into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in ...

Biochars for use with animals

Biochars and methods for treating biochars are provided that are useful in various applications, including, but not limited to, applications related to the raising, care, maintenance, disease prevention, disease treatment and odor control of animals.

СРЕДСТВО ДЛЯ СНИЖЕНИЯ ПОДВИЖНОСТИ МЫШЬЯКА В ПОЧВЕ

Изобретение относится к области охраны окружающей среды и может быть использовано для рекультивации земель, загрязненных мышьяком и другими тяжелыми металлами. Средство содержит композицию препаратов кремния и железа. Препарат кремния представляет собой аморфный диоксид кремния с площадью поверхности от 30 м/г до 400 м/г, который выбирают из группы, состоящей из синтетического кремния, кремния, полученного из отходов промышленности, где в качестве препарата железа используют сульфат железа. При этом соотношение препарата железа и кремния в весовом соотношении составляет от 1/10 до 1/30. Препарат железа представляет собой сульфат железа III. Синтетический аморфный диоксид кремния выбирают из группы, в которую входят пирогенный кремнезем, тонкомолотый кварц или другой природный диоксид кремния с содержанием SiOне менее 85%. Аморфный диоксид кремния, полученный из отходов промышленности, выбирают из группы, в которую входят зола, микросилика и другие кремнийсодержащие соединения с содержанием ...

Способ получения коллоидного раствора трисульфида титана с противомикробными свойствами

Изобретение может быть использовано при обработке почв, пористых структур и сточных вод с целью подавления активности патогенных микроорганизмов. Для получения коллоидных растворов трисульфида титана в деионизированной воде, обладающих противомикробной активностью, проводят синтез трисульфида титана из металлического титана и порошка элементарной серы, взятых в стехиометрическом соотношении в соответствии с реакцией Ti+3S=TiS. Металлический титан и порошок элементарной серы запаивают в кварцевые ампулы в вакууме не хуже 10бар. Синтез проводят в трубчатой печи в течение 24 или 48 часов при температурах от 450 до 500°С при градиенте температуры. Полученные кристаллы диспергируют в деионизированной воде в концентрации от 0,001 до 0,01 г/л при ультразвуковой обработке. Затем проводят центрифугирование и отделение верхней части дисперсии перед применением. Изобретение позволяет получить противомикробный раствор без использования антибиотиков широкого спектра действия, с возможностью длительного ...

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines temporär fließfähigen Verfüllbaustoffs, insbesondere für den Einbau in Ausschachtungen

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines temporär fließfähigen Verfüllbaustoffes, insbesondere für den Einbau in Ausschachtungen, so beispielsweise für Verfüllaufgaben im Tiefbau, der nach Refixierung spatenlösbar ist, wobei mineralische Anfallstoffe aus Erdstoffen, Aushubmaterialien und/oder mineralischen Abfällen oder aus einer Mischung daraus aufbereitet werden und dem Aufgabematerial dosiert Bentonit und sogenannter Beschleuniger zugeführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Aufbereiten der mineralischen Anfallstoffe durch Kalkzugabe eine rieselfähige Konsistenz entsteht und gleichzeitig Bestandteile größer 32 mm Korngröße separierend ausgeschieden werden, nachfolgend die aufbereiteten Anfallstoffe dosiert auf eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Fördereinrichtung, beispielsweise ein Förderband, aufgegeben werden, weiterhin auf der Fördereinrichtung dem genannten Aufgabematerial dosiert Bentonit und der Beschleuniger zugegeben werden und weiterhin das auf der Fördereinrichtung befindliche, noch ...

Verfahren zur Verfestigung von wasserdurchlaessigen Iosen Massen oder Bauwerken

Process for preserving waste, subsoils and the like

Process for preserving waste, subsoils and the like, is characterized in that it consists in mixing an organic and/or inorganic hardener consisting of components containing more than 12 carbon atoms with fly ash and cement, allowing said mixture to stand for at least 24 hours, and adding said mixture to waste sludge that contains an amount of calcium compound. The waste may be sludge, moistened household refuse, cement slurry or aqueous residue of a water purification plant. Specified hardeners include calcium silicate, sodium silicate, bentonite clay and mont morillonite.

SEALING AND/OR CONSOLIDATION AGENT AND METHOD OF USING IT

DICHTMASSEN AUF BASIS VON BENTONITHALTIGEN GIESSEREIALTSANDEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEALING OF PERMEABLE LOOSE ROCKS.

SEALING MEANS AND/OR SOLIDIFICATION MEANS FOR BOEDEN AND/OR BUILDING MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES FOR USING THE SAME

Procedure for building water protection structures

PRE-COATED REFUSE-COAL FILTER FOR LANDFILL REFUSE TREATMENT

SOIL STABILIZER, CONTAINING CARBON MATERIAL, AND METHODS OF ITS APPLICATION

BONDING OF PARTICULATE MATERIALS

METHOD OF CONSOLIDATING COAL AND/OR ROCK IN MINES

SUBSTRATE WORKED OUT FOR THE REALIZATION OF GROUNDS INTEND TO DEVELOP VEGETABLE UNECOUVERTURE OR TO BE USED AS SUPPORT ANY TYPE OF FLORA

Hydraulic binder for soil stabilisation - comprising ground slag with controlled particle size, and free lime

PROCESS OF SAND CONSOLIDATION

Plant growth medium useful for providing drainage and resilience in sports fields, etc. - comprising particulate industrial waste, comminuted building materials, compost and fertilizers

La présente invention a pour objet un substrat élaboré pour la réalisation de sols destinés à développer une couverture végétale ou à servir de support à tout type de flore. Ledit substrat se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'il comprend des déchets industriels constitués pour l'essentiel de matières synthétiques sous forme de particules de granulométrie adaptée, de matériaux de construction poreux hydrophiles et adsorbants broyés suivant une granulométrie adaptée, de compost fermenté (enrichi ou non) et d'agents spécifiques de fertilisation. Le procédé de construction d'installation pour améliorer le drainage et la souplesse de terrains est constitué par une ou plusieurs sous couches de matériaux composés de déchets industriels sur lesquelles repose une couche végétative de surface.

IONIZED MINERAL NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION FOR RESTORATION OF TIDELAND AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to an ionized mineral nutritional composition for restoration of tideland which can efficiently restore the tideland by providing, with high efficiency, nutrients which has the improved convenience of tideland administration, has high absorption rate into the tideland, and is necessary for the growth of marine organisms; and to a manufacturing method of the ionized mineral nutritional composition. The manufacturing method of the ionized mineral nutritional composition according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an ionized mineral production step of producing ionized minerals; and a loess mixing and kneading step of mixing the ionized minerals with loess containing moisture and stirring the same to obtain a loess dough material. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2018 (S100) Ionized mineral production step (S200) Loess mixing and kneading step (S300) Palletizing step (S400) Drying, fermenting, and curing step ...

A compound containing ferric ferrous salt and a producing method thereof

Вещество для повышения плодородия чернозема выщелоченного и способ его применения

Изобретение относится к сельскому хозяйству, в частности к веществам для улучшения состояния почвы. Мелиорант для повышения плодородия чернозема выщелоченного содержит фосфогипс, известняк-ракушечник, апатит и концентрат марганцевой руды в следующем соотношении исходных компонентов (т/га): известняк-ракушечник 11,5-12,5, апатит 2,5-3,5, фосфогипс 11,5-12,5, концентрат марганцевой руды 0,13-0,17. Мелиорант вносят дробно, половину дозы вносят на стерню, боронуют на глубину 10-12 см с последующей отвальной пахотой на глубину 20-25 см, затем вносят вторую половину дозы и проводят повторное боронование на глубину 10-12 см. Предлагаемый мелиорант способствует восстановлению и повышению плодородия чернозема выщелоченного, обеспечивая тем самым повышение урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур. 1 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 4 пр.

Способ восстановления нарушенных земель при открытой разработке месторождений полезных ископаемых

Изобретение относится к области рекультивация отработанных карьеров. Способ включает перемещение и укладку почвенных групп. Перед укладкой субстрата почву предварительно подвергают обработке сульфатом аммония в количестве не менее 200 г на 1 мповерхности нарушенных земель. Применяют укладку почвенных групп послойно из вскрышной глины известнякового рудника толщиной не менее 20 см и поверх нее вскрышную породу из карьера добычи песка толщиной не менее 30 см. В качестве органического удобрения используют ил с очистных сооружений не менее 5 лет хранения толщиной 5-10 см с последующим боронованием. Способ позволяет восстанавливать растительный и почвенный покров на разрушенных землях путем использования для рекультивации нетоксичных отходов. 1 табл., 7 пр.

СОСТАВ ДЛЯ РЕМЕДИАЦИИ ПОЧВ, ЗАГРЯЗНЕННЫХ МЫШЬЯКСОДЕРЖАЩИМИ СОЕДИНЕНИЯМИ

Изобретение относится к области ремедиации почв и может быть использовано при очистке земель различного назначения, загрязненных мышьяксодержащими соединениями. Состав для ремедиации почв, загрязненных мышьяксодержащими соединениями, содержит опоку, обработанную хлоридом железа(III), и окислитель пероксид кальция при следующем соотношении компонентов, мас.%: опока - 99,5, хлорид железа(III) - 0,2, пероксид кальция - 0,3. Состав снижает содержание водорастворимых форм мышьяка в почве от 90 до 96,8% и обеспечивает иммобилизацию соединений мышьяка(V) на алюмосиликате опоки. 2 ил., 1 табл.

VERFAHREN ZUR BESEITIGUNG VON MUELL

Soil stabilisation

Charcoals

Mineral complex, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same

Method of improving the electrical conductivity of soil

... 657,989. Earthing. SANICK, 1. H. May 6, 1949, No. 12135. Convention date, May 8, 1948. [Class 36] The conductivity of a volume of soil is increased by incorporating therein in an arbitrary order metallic salts and such liquid reagents that upon contact they react to form insoluble products which provide a good conductivity and absorb and retain moisture. A solution of a copper salt such as copper sulphate may first be applied followed by a solution of red or yellow prussiate of potash.

SEALING COMPOUNDS BASED ON USED FOUNDRY SANDS COMPRISING BENTONITE

Described is the use of used foundry sands comprising bentonite in sealing compounds for use, for example, in sealing walls, for mining-level seals, or in suspensions for injection for the purpose of ground stabilization and soil sealing. The bentonite present in the used foundry sands has a sufficient swelling capacity to be able to provide the required tightness values.

PROCEDURE FOR SEALING BODENFORMATIONEN, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DUMPS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEALING OF BODENFORMATIONEN

PROCEDURE FOR THE SEALING OF BODENFORMATIONEN

SEALING COMPOUNDS ON BASIS OF BENTONITHALTIGEN GIESSEREIALTSANDEN

VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VON HYDRAULISCH GEBUNDENEN TRAGSCHICHTEN BWZ. STABILISIERTEN FROSTBESTAENDIGEN BODENSCHICHTEN UND ZUR BODENVERFESTIGUNG

LEACHATE FROM SANITARY LANDFILLS

INORGANIC CHLORIDE GEL AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

Charcoals

Mineral complex, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same

The invention provides inter alia a mineral complex comprising about 40 wt.% to about 60 wt.% SiO about 6 wt.% to about 16 wt.% FeO, about 4 wt.% to about 12 wt.%. CaO, about 2 wt.% to about 8 wt.% MgO, wherein at least 85% of the mineral complex has a particle size of about 10 to about 6000 mesh, related compositions and methods for their use, including for growth medium augmentation and remediation.

Soil stabilizer containing carbonaceous material and methods for using same

A soil stabilizer containing a carbonaceous material is disclosed, together with methods for preparing and using the soil stabilizer.

Biochars and biochar treatment processes

Treated biochar and methods for treating biochar are provided. The method for treating the biochar includes forcing, assisting or accelerating the movement of an infiltrant into the pores of the biochar, whereby the treatment affects properties of the biochar that provide for a more reliable and predictable biochar for use in various applications, including, but not limited to, agricultural applications.

Cultivation method of old platycodon

BIOCHARS AND BIOCHAR EXTRACTS HAVING SOLUBLE SIGNALING COMPOUNDS AND METHOD FOR CAPTURING MATERIAL EXTRACTED FROM BIOCHAR

A method for capturing material extracted from biochar is provided comprising the steps of: (i) providing a biochar; (ii) contacting the biochar with an extraction media, where the extraction media causes the removal of residual compounds from the pores and surface of the biochar, creating a resulting extract comprised of the extraction media and removed compounds; and (iii) collecting the resulting extract. The method also can include other steps of extraction and purification. The method further comprises the step of applying the resulting extract to seeds, plants, soil, other agricultural products, or for use in other applications. A biochar having high levels of soluble signaling compounds is also provided, where the biochar is derived from a biomass source that together with predefined pyrolysis parameters produces resulting biochar having increased levels of soluble signaling compounds that are known to increase seed germination rates and early plant growth.

CO2 SEQUESTERING SOIL STABILIZATION COMPOSITION

CO2 sequestering soil stabilization compositions are provided. The soil stabilization compositions of the invention include a CO2 sequestering component, e.g., a CO2 sequestering carbonate composition. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2 sequestering soil stabilization composition. The invention also comprises the method of stabilizing soil and producing a soil stabilized structure utilizing such compositions.

SOIL STABILIZER CONTAINING CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL AND METHODS FOR USING SAME

A soil stabilizer containing a carbonaceous material is disclosed, together with methods for preparing and using the soil stabilizer.

AGRICULTURAL BLEND COMPRISING SILICON AND PROCESS OF FORMING THE AGRICULTURAL BLEND

The present disclosure describes an agricultural blend and a process of forming an agricultural blend. The agricultural blend includes a slag by-product from a process having a slag other than stainless steel slag or includes 11 atomic % silicon from a soluble compound and total silicon of less than about 30 atomic % silicon or greater than about 39 atomic % silicon. The process includes producing a slag by-product and blending the slag by-product with a liquid binder system to form the agricultural blend, the slag not being stainless steel slag.

CO2 sequestering soil stabilization composition

CO2 sequestering soil stabilization compositions are provided. The soil stabilization compositions of the invention include a CO2 sequestering component, e.g., a CO2 sequestering carbonate composition. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO2 sequestering soil stabilization composition. The invention also comprises the method of stabilizing soil and producing a soil stabilized structure utilizing such compositions.

Method for reducing content of cadmium in corn through intercropping with Sedum plumbizincicola and coupling with passivator

METHOD OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LEACHATE FROM SANTIRAY LANDFILLS

Hydraulic binder for road sub-grade construction - comprising slag, fly ash, and free lime

PROCEDE DE CONSOLIDATION DE SABLE

A.L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN PROCEDE POUR LA CONSOLIDATION DU SABLE. B.ON TRAITE LES TERRAINS SABLEUX, PAR EXEMPLE DES SOLS DESERTIQUES CONTENANT DU LOESS, AVEC UNE DISPERSION AQUEUSE DE DIOXYDE DE SILICIUM ETOU D'OXYDES MIXTES DE SILICIUM CORRESPONDANTS. C.CE PROCEDE PERMET DE DIMINUER SENSIBLEMENT L'EROSION DE CES SOLS PAR LE VENT OU L'EAU.

Hydraulic binder for soil stabilisation - comprising ground slag with controlled particle size, and free lime

Concrete, in particular for the execution of the road coatings

SOIL CONDITIONER USING MINERAL AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

The present invention relates to a soil conditioner using mineral and a manufacturing method thereof, and more specifically, to a soil conditioner which is harmless to crops by using mineral produced from nature, neutralizes acidified soil, and can improve the quality of soil by providing useful mineral. The present invention further relates to a manufacturing method of the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner using mineral of the present invention contains 50-150 parts by weight of sericite, 40-100 parts by weight of monazite, 10-30 parts by weight of apatite, and 10-30 parts by weight of germanium with respect to 100 parts by weight of zeolite. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2017 (AA) Crop name (BB) Untreatment (CC) Reference amount (DD) Twofold amount (EE) Chili peppers (FF) Cabbage (GG) Lettuce (HH) Spinach ...

STABILIZING MATERIAL COMPOSITION FOR SOLIDIFYING HEAVY METALS OF ABANDONED MINES USING BOTTOM ASH AND FLY ASH IN FLUIDIZED BED BOILER CONTAINING LARGE AMOUNT OF FREE-CaO

The present invention relates to a stabilizing material composition for solidifying heavy metals of abandoned mines comprising: (1) 10-40 wt% of bottom ash in a fluidized bed boiler; (2) 10-40 wt% of fly ash in the fluidized bed boiler; (3) 5-20 wt% of blast furnace slag; (4) 5-10 wt% of at least one selected from the group consisting of zeolite, montmorillonite and diatomaceous earth; and (5) 3-20 wt% of alumina powder. The present invention prevents second pollution of heavy metals caused by cement, and provides an effect of efficiently solidifying heavy metal ions generated from abandoned mines. COPYRIGHT KIPO 2019 ...

수질정화용 식생매트 및 그 제조방법

... 본 발명에 따른 수질정화용 식생매트는, 제올라이트(Zeolite)를 포함하는 육성기반재 및 LMF(Low Melting Fiber)가 교반되어 구비됨으로써, 육성기반재를 구성하는 구성재를 안정적으로 긴결하여 식생매트로 유입되는 유체로 인한 육성기반재의 유실을 방지하고, 제올라이트의 미립 공극을 통해 수용액의 탁도 저감 및 중금속을 제거할 수 있어 토양개량제로서 역할을 수행할 뿐만 아니라, 미립 공극에 유효 미생물을 정착하여 식물 생육에 유리한 효과를 제공한다.

PROCEDE DE CONSOLIDATION DE CHARBON ET/OU DE ROCHER DANS LES EXPLOITATIONS MINIERES

SOIL SOLIDIFYING AGENT

A neutral soil solidifying agent that ensures excellent water resistance and strength, having no adverse influence on environment. There is provided a soil solidifying agent comprising as an active ingredient a neutral anhydrous magnesium oxysulfate prepared by first adding 1 mol of concentrated sulfuric acid to 3 to 5 mol of magnesium oxide under agitation and thereafter conducting a reaction at 105˚C or higher.

INORGANIC ELECTROLYTIC COAGULANT AND METHOD FOR MODIFYING MUD USING SAID INORGANIC ELECTROLYTIC COAGULANT

An inorganic electrolytic coagulant which is obtained by mixing phosphonic acid and magnesium sulfate in a solvent free of chlorine and stirring the mixture for several minutes and then adding aluminum sulfate and ferric polysulfate to the resultant mixture, followed by stirring for several minutes; and a method for modifying a mud, characterized as comprising adding the inorganic electrolytic coagulant, a soil particles-reinforcing agent and a pH-adjusting agent to a polluted bottom mud from lakes, ponds, inner bays, rivers or the like, thereby converting the polluted bottom mud to a good soil.

METHOD OF SUBSIDENCE AND ACID ENTRAINED DRAINAGE CONTROL AND ADMIXTURES THEREFOR

Method for enhancing soil growth using bio-char

A method is described for rendering char from a biomass fractionator apparatus (BMF char) suitable for addition to soil in high concentrations, the method relying on multiple processes comprising removing detrimental hydrocarbons from BMF char, removing adsorbed gases from BMF char, introducing microorganisms to the BMF char, and adjusting sail pH.

Decomposer containing iron particles for organohalogen compound and method for producing the same

A decomposer for an organohalogen compound, containing iron particles comprising iron and iron oxide, wherein the iron particles have a metallic iron content of 15% or more by mass, wherein the metallic iron content is a content of metallic iron in the outermost surface layer of the iron particles to which the ion beam etching has been applied twice under the following etching conditions: degree of vacuum in a chamber: 2.0×10 −2 Pa accelerating voltage of an ion gun: 10 kV emission current: 10 mA etching time: 14 seconds. The decomposer need not contain copper and has the ability to satisfactorily decompose an organohalogen compound. A method for producing the decomposer is also provided.

GEL COMPRISING REACTIVE OXIDANT RELEASE AGENT

Gel comprising reactive oxidant release agent The invention provides a gel composition comprising 5% to 75% w/w of an inorganic gelling agent other than silica based gelling agents, 0.5-60% w/w, preferably 0.5 to 30% w/w, of an inorganic oxidant release agent and at least 20% w/w of water, and possibly a stabilizer. It further provides a process for making same, comprising preparing a first solution of a dibasic phosphate salt in water comprising dissolved oxidant release agent, preparing a second and solution of a alkaline earth metal salt in water comprising dissolved oxidant release agent, and mixing both, first and second solutions, in a ratio of 1 to 1 to 10 to 1, followed by a concentration step. The gel composition of the invention is suitable for soil, sediment groundwater or water remediation purposes and disinfection or wound healing purposes. 1. A gel composition comprising5% to 75% w/w of an inorganic gelling agent other than silica based gelling agents,0.5-60% w/w, , of an inorganic oxidant release agent andat least 20% w/w of water the inorganic gelling agent being selected such that its oxidation stage is not substantially increased by the inorganic oxidant release agent.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic gelling agent is selected from alkaline earth metal salts of phosphate claim 1 , including calcium phosphate or magnesium phosphate.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the inorganic oxidant release agent is present in an amount of 0.5 to 45% w/w.4. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant release agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide claim 1 , sodium persulfate claim 1 , potassium persulfate claim 1 , sodium permanganate claim 1 , potassium permanganate claim 1 , calcium peroxide claim 1 , carbamide peroxide claim 1 , magnesium peroxide claim 1 , sodium percarbonate claim 1 , peracetate and sodium perborate claim 1 , or combinations thereof.5. The composition according to claim 1 , ...

Utilization of lignin-rich biomass

The invention relates to a method for utilizing biomass, in which the biomass is pyrolyzed during a heat treatment process to obtain driven-out gas and remaining carbon-rich solids. It is an object of the invention to specify a method for utilizing biomass, which is based on comparatively expensive feedstocks, but in return gives products of value with unusually good properties, the proceeds of which make the process economically viable. This object is achieved firstly by using a biomass having a lignin content of 10 to 30% by weight and a water content of 5 to 25% by weight, and by virtue of a heat treatment process comprising three residence times each on a respective level of temperature, wherein the first residence time lasts between 10 and 40 minutes, particularly of 30 minutes at a temperature level between 130 and 280° C., particularly of 250° C.; the second residence time lasts between 5 and 30 minutes, particularly of 10 minutes at a temperature level between 300 and 500° C., particularly of 400° C.; the third residence time lasts between 10 and 60 minutes, particularly of 20 minutes at a temperature level between 650 and 900° C., preferred between 700 and 900° C., particularly of 750° C.

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITIONS FOR REMOVING HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS FROM CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENTS

The present invention provides a supported reactant for in situ remediation of soil and/or groundwater contaminated with a halogenated hydrocarbon consisting essentially of an adsorbent impregnated with elemental iron, wherein the adsorbent is capable of adsorbing the halogenated hydrocarbon. In one embodiment, the adsorbent is activated carbon. 1. A method of preparing a supported reactant for remediation of soil , wastewater , or groundwater , comprising:providing a quantity of an adsorbent material comprising activated carbon;treating the adsorbent material with a solution of water soluble iron salt to produce an intermediate product with iron salt impregnated into pores of the adsorbent material; andsubjecting the intermediate product to reducing conditions including heating the intermediate product to a reducing temperature,wherein the reducing temperature is between 550 and 800° C., andwherein the supported reactant performs reductive dehalogenation of halogenated hydrocarbon contaminants when used for in situ remediation of soil or groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treating step comprises spraying the solution of water soluble iron salt onto the adsorbent material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of subjecting the intermediate product to reducing conditions includes introducing a reducing gas into a reaction chamber containing the intermediate product.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising claim 3 , prior to the step of subjecting the intermediate product to reducing conditions:loading the intermediate product into the reaction chamber; anddrying the intermediate product at an intermediate temperature of at least about 150° C.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising claim 4 , after the drying of the intermediate product claim 4 , heating the dried intermediate product to a temperature greater than the intermediate temperature to decompose the water soluble iron salt into an oxide.6. The ...

ENHANCED CHEMICAL OXIDATION

Compositions and methods for oxidizing contaminants present in environmental media. The compositions include a mixture of persulfate salts and borate salts to activate the persulfate's oxidation of contaminants. 1. A chemical oxidation composition , said composition comprising an aqueous solution of a persulfate salt and a borate salt.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the persulfate salt is present in the amount of about 0.01% to about 70% claim 1 , by weight claim 1 , and the borate salt is present in the amount of about 0.001% to about 70% claim 1 , by weight.3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein the persulfate salt is present in the amount of about 0.5% to about 50% claim 2 , by weight claim 2 , and the borate salt is present in the amount of about 0.01% to about 50% claim 2 , by weight.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the persulfate salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate claim 1 , potassium persulfate claim 1 , ammonium persulfate claim 1 , and peroxymonosulfates.5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the borate salt is borax.6. A system for oxidizing contaminants in soil and groundwater claim 1 , said system comprising a mixture of solid persulfate salt and a borate salt.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the persulfate salt is present in an amount of about 1% to about 99.95% and the borate salt is present in an amount of about 0.05% to about 99%.8. The system of claim 6 , wherein the persulfate salt is selected from the group consisting of sodium persulfate claim 6 , potassium persulfate claim 6 , ammonium persulfate claim 6 , and peroxymonosulfates.9. The system of claim 6 , wherein the borate salt is borax.10. A method of oxidizing contaminants present in environmental media claim 6 , said method comprising injecting an aqueous solution of a persulfate salt and a borate salt into the environmental media.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the environmental media is soil.12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the ...

SOIL TREATMENT USING PEROXIDE

A method of incorporating a peroxide source that produces reactive oxygen species and optionally also incorporating steam with the peroxide source (or other source of heat), into soil as a method of soil remediation, i.e., to destroy or remove chemical contaminants that pose a threat to plant or animal life. The invention also relates to the use of the peroxide source along with optional steam (or other heat source) or hot vaporized peroxide solution to treat soils, in particular those intended for agriculture, as a pesticide for controlling nematodes, pathogenic fungi, insect pests and bacteria. The peroxide source may be applied to the soil using soil cultivation equipment to increase contact between the peroxide source and the soil to be treated. The peroxide source and/or steam or other source of heat or hot vaporized peroxide solution can also be applied with injection wells or infiltration galleries, for instance, for the pesticide use and soil remediation. 1. A method to treat soil , the method comprising a step of:a) applying a peroxide-based treatment and, optionally, a source of heat, to the soil, wherein the peroxide-based treatment comprises a source of peroxide and wherein the soil has an initial temperature;wherein the application results in either or both of i) the peroxide-based treatment being mixed into the soil and ii) the temperature of the soil being raised above the initial temperature.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method comprises a second step b) concurrently with or within a time period of application of the peroxide-based treatment claim 1 , of cultivating the soil claim 1 , wherein the soil that is cultivated is at least 15 cm deep.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the peroxide-based treatment comprises an aqueous treatment solution and the aqueous treatment solution comprises the source of peroxide dissolved in water.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a source of heat is applied to the soil.5. The ...

Biochar Coated Seeds

The present invention provides for biochar coated particles and a method for coating the particles with biochar. 1. A method for coating particles , the method comprising the steps of (i) preparing a binding solution by mixing a binder with water; (ii) heating the binding solution to dissolve the binder in the water; (iii) placing particles in a rotary tumbler; (iv) dispensing the binding solution into the tumbler with the particles; (v) tumbling the particles until the particles are evenly coated with the binding solution; (vi) dispensing biochar in the tumbler to coat the particles with biochar; and (vi) drying the particles while tumbling.2. The method of where the biochar is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.3. The method of further including the step of dispensing a fertilizer in the tumbler to coat the particle.4. The method of further including the step of combining a fertilizer with the biochar prior to dispensing the biochar into the tumbler to coat the particles claim 1 , whereby a combined mixture of biochar and fertilizer in dispensed into the tumbler to coat the particles.5. The method of where the fertilizer is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.6. The method of where the step of dispensing the binding solution claim 1 , tumbling the particles and dispensing the biochar in the tumbler is repeated until the coat substantially surrounding the particles is between 0.01 and 100 times the diameter of the particles.721. The method of claim where the biochar claim 1 , prior to being dispensed in the tumbler claim 1 , has been treated by the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar.8. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in part by a vacuum processing treatment.9. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquid into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in ...

GRAPHENE BASED GROWING MEDIUM AND METHOD

The present invention provides for a growing medium having a mix of soil, graphene, and/or graphene oxide. In at least one example, soil is combined with single or few layer graphene. In another example, the soil is combined with single or few layer graphene, including graphene sheets, and graphene oxide. The growing medium has been shown to increase plant growth while providing for growing medium aeration, increased water retention, and increased nutrient loading and release. 1. A growing medium comprising:a base material; andan additive comprising graphene or graphene oxide or a combination thereof.2. The medium of wherein the graphene oxide is present in a range of about 1% to about 10%.3. The medium of wherein the graphene oxide is present in an amount of about 2%.4. The medium of wherein the base material is soil.5. The medium of wherein the graphene is saturated with at least one nutrient.6. The medium of wherein the at least one nutrient is nitrogen claim 5 , potassium claim 5 , phosphorous claim 5 , sulfur claim 5 , copper sulfate claim 5 , or any combination thereof.7. The medium of wherein the at least one nutrient is configured to be released gradually over a first time period.8. The medium of wherein the medium promotes pronounced root growth.9. The medium of wherein the medium enhances plant growth.10. A growing medium to render vegetation growth with an increased insect and disease resistance claim 1 , the growing medium comprising:a base material; andan additive comprising graphene or graphene oxide or a combination thereof, wherein the graphene is loaded with at least one of sulfur or copper.11. A method of growing plants comprising:loading graphene with at least one of sulfur or copper;providing a base material;integrating the graphene into the base material forming a growing medium.12. The method of further comprising the steps of:providing a growth location;placing the growing medium into the growth location; andplacing seeds or plants into the ...

METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications. 1. A method for applying biochar to an area of soil prior to transplanting a plant , the method comprises the steps of:removing soil to create a hole for the plant;mixing the removed soil with biochar to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing the plant in the hole; andbackfilling the hole with said mixture of soil and biochar.2. The method of where the mixture includes other additives beneficial to plants.3. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to a container or bed prior to planting a seed or plant claim 1 , the method comprises the steps of:mixing soil with the porous carbonaceous particles to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing said mixture of soil and carbonaceous particles in the container or bed; andplanting the seed or plant in said mixture. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/184,763, filed Jun. 16, 2016, titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN A TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS, which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/186,876 filed Jun. 30, 2015 titled BIOCHAR COATED SEEDS and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/180,525 filed Jun. 16, 2015 titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS ENVIRONMENT and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/290,026 filed Feb. 2, 2016 titled BIOCHAR AGGREGATE PARTICLES, which application Ser. No. 15/184,763 is also is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/385,986 filed on May 29, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,493,380), titled Method for Enhancing Soil Growth Using Bio-Char which is a 371 of PCT/US12/39862 filed on May 29, 2012, which application is a continuation-in-part ...

METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications. 1. A method for applying biochar to an area of soil prior to new turf installation from sod , where at least 75% of the particles of the biochar , measured by weight and volume , have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm and where the method comprises the steps of: (i) applying the biochar over the area of soil in an amount ranging from 1 to 15 cubic yards per acre; and (ii) installing the sod on the surface of the area of soil.2. The method of where after applying the biochar claim 1 , the biochar is incorporated into the area of soil by tilling prior to the sod installation.3. A method for applying biochar to an area of soil prior to new turf installation or to existing turf claim 1 , where at least 75% of the particles of the biochar claim 1 , measured by weight and volume claim 1 , have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm and where the method comprises the step of placing the biochar under the surface of the area of soil in an amount ranging from 1 to 15 cubic yards per acre.4. The method of further comprises the step of blending the biochar into the top 1-4 inches of the surface of the area of soil.5. The method of where biochar is placed in the area of soil using a device that injects the biochar into the soil.6. The method of where biochar is placed in the area of soil at a depth of approximately 1-12 inches under the soil surface.7. The method of where the biochar is placed in the area of soil in a manner such that the biochar is evenly spread over the area of soil.8. The method of where the biochar is mixed with other additives prior to application and where the mixture of biochar and additive is placed under the soil surface.9. The method of where the biochar is derived from wood.10. The method of where the biochar is derived from coconut ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING BIO-PRODUCTS FROM BIOMASS USING ROTARY COMPRESSION UNIT

A bio-product such as biochar, bio-coal, bio-oil, coke, and/or activated carbon material is formed by processing a starting biomass material comprising water-laden material. The starting biomass material is heated to below or above an autoignition temperature through a rotary compression unit (RCU) by generating steam through releasing unbound and bound waters in the biomass thus forming a bio-product. The biomass material being processed may be, without limitation, a woody or non-woody biomass material, such as cellulosic material and/or grain. The process can also form bio-oil from pyrolysis vapors which can be processed to other bio-products. 1. A method of producing bio-products from starting biomass materials , the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a rotary compression unit (RCU) having a compression screw, a barrel, and optionally one or more flow disrupters mounted on an interior surface of the barrel, the screw operable to rotate at a speed to produce friction and compression to generate a desired elevated temperature within the barrel and steam from bound and unbound water within the biomass, wherein passing the biomass through the RCU forms a bio-product;', '(b) feeding the biomass material to the RCU; and', '(c) allowing the biomass material to be mixed and heated resulting from steam that is formed within the RCU from increased friction and pressure formed by rotating the compression screw;', '(d) removing the bio-product from the RCU;', '(e) cooling the bio-product; and', '(f) collecting the bio-product., 'providing a starting biomass material comprising a moisture-containing or water-laden material;'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the starting biomass material is either woody or non-woody biomass.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is heated to a temperature below autoignition.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein steam explosion and hydro-flaking occurs by causing cell explosion within the RCU and wherein the bio-product is ...

BIOCHAR AS A MICROBIAL CARRIER

The invention relates to a microbial delivery where biochar acts as a carrier for microbes. 1. A microbial delivery system comprising:a treated biochar comprising a pore; anda microbe, wherein the microbe is retained on a surface or in a pore of the treated biochar;and wherein the treated biochar was formed by treating a biochar so as to improve or maintain the viability of the microbe retained on the surface or in the pore of the treated biochar.2. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the treated biochar.3. The delivery system of claim 2 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the treated biochar using mechanical claim 2 , chemical claim 2 , or biological assistance to move the microbe either into the pore of the biochar or onto the surface of the biochar.4. The delivery system of claim 3 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the biochar using the application of positive or negative pressure.5. The delivery system of claim 3 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the biochar or on the surface of the treated biochar through integrated growth.6. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe is retained by the treated biochar through mixing the biochar and microbe together.7. The delivery system of claim 6 , wherein the microbe is retained on the treated biochar by suspending the microbe in liquid and depositing the microbe on the biochar.8Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Aereobacter, Flavobacterium, Erwinia, KlebsiellaEnterobacterBacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circulans, PaenibacillusAcidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella variicola, Pantoea agglomeransGlomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Aspergillus terreusAspergillus niger.. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe retained by the biochar is selected from the group consisting of: claim ...

Biochar Coated Seeds

The present invention provides for biochar coated particles and a method for coating the particles with biochar. 1. A coated seed , the coated seed comprising a seed substantially surrounded by one or more layers of biochar.2. The coated seed of claim 1 , where the average thickness of one or more biochar layers substantially surrounding the seed is between 0.01 and 100 times the diameter of the seed.3. The coated seed of where the biochar has been treated by the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar.4. The coated seed of where the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in part by a vacuum processing treatment.5. The coated seed of where the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in part by a surfactant infusion treatment.6. The coated seed of where the one or more layers of biochar surrounding the seed further includes a binding substance that assists with the adhesion of the one or more layers of biochar to the seed.7. The coated seed of where the binding substance is one or more substances selected from the group comprising: a starch claim 6 , sugar claim 6 , gum arabic claim 6 , cellulose claim 6 , clay claim 6 , and polymer.8. The coated seed of where the binding substance is corn starch.9. The coated seed of where the seed is one of the following seed types: grass claim 1 , corn claim 1 , wheat claim 1 , barley claim 1 , soybean claim 1 , rice claim 1 , sugar beet claim 1 , ornamental plant or vegetable.10. The coated seed of where the binding substance is either infused into pores of the biochar claim 6 , mixed with the seed and biochar claim 6 , or both.11. The coated seed of claim 1 , where the one or more layers of biochar further includes a fertilizer.12. The coated seed of where the one or more liquids infused into pores of the biochar is present in the one or more layers of the biochar coating the seed.13. A method for coating seeds with biochar ...

Method for application of biochar in turf grass and landscaping environments

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications.

METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications. 1. A method for applying biochar to an area of soil prior to transplanting a plant , the method comprises the steps of:removing soil to create a hole for the plant;mixing the removed soil with biochar to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing the plant in the hole; andbackfilling the hole with said mixture of soil and biochar.2. The method of where the mixture includes other additives beneficial to plants.3. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to a container or bed prior to planting a seed or plant claim 1 , the method comprises the steps of:mixing soil with the porous carbonaceous particles to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing said mixture of soil and carbonaceous particles in the container or bed; andplanting the seed or plant in said mixture. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/184,763, filed Jun. 16, 2016, titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN A TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS, which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/186,876 filed Jun. 30, 2015 titled BIOCHAR COATED SEEDS and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/180,525 filed Jun. 16, 2015 titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS ENVIRONMENT and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/290,026 filed Feb. 2, 2016 titled BIOCHAR AGGREGATE PARTICLES, which application Ser. No. 15/184,763 is also is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/385,986 filed on May 29, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,493,380), titled Method for Enhancing Soil Growth Using Bio-Char which is a 371 of PCT/US12/39862 filed on May 29, 2012, which application is a continuation-in-part ...

CARBONIZED CARBON AND ARTICLES FORMED THEREFROM

A composition is provided that includes: a carbonized carbon having an iodine number of at least 60 mg/g and a domain size of between 1.0 and 2.3 nm. An article or fuel is provided that includes the composition in a polymer forming a matrix or water suspension, respectively. A composition of so provided and derived from wood has been assigned a new CAS number (CAS No. 1362167-53-0). 1. A composition comprising:an carbonized carbon having an iodine number of at least 60 mg/g or a positive or negative charge and a domain size of between 1.0 and 2.3 nm.2. The composition of wherein said carbonized carbon has a particle size of more than 90 weight percent being less than 100 mesh.3. The composition of wherein said carbonized carbon has a particle size of more than 90 weight percent being less than 200 mesh.4. The composition of wherein said carbonized carbon has a particle size of more than 90 weight percent being less than 325 mesh.5. The composition of wherein said carbonized carbon has the iodine number of at least 75 mg/g and the domain size of between 1.0 and 1.6 nm.6. The composition of wherein the composition has a neutral pH.7. The composition of wherein said carbonized carbon is formed from a variety of base materials comprising cellulosic sources.8. The composition of wherein said cellulosic sources comprise wood claim 7 , coconut shells claim 7 , wheat chaff claim 7 , corn stover claim 7 , nut shell and hulls claim 7 , and grasses.9. The composition of wherein said base materials further comprise bone meal claim 7 , carpet waste claim 7 , auto shredder waste claim 7 , coal claim 7 , bitumen claim 7 , petroleum claim 7 , sewage claim 7 , medical waste claim 7 , and fecal waste.10. An article comprising:a polymer forming a matrix; and{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00001', 'claim 1'}, 'the composition of with the matrix.'}11. The article of wherein said polymer is one of a polyalkylenes claim 10 , polycarbonates claim 10 , polylactones claim 10 , polycarboxylic ...

Methods for Application of Biochar

A method is provided for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots, where at least 95% of the porous carbonaceous particles have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm. The method incorporates the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the plant roots at a depth of between 0-24 inches from the soil surface, where the porous carbonaceous particles are positioned in the area surrounding the roots of the plants at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil. 145-. (canceled)46. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots , the method comprising incorporating the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the plant roots at a depth of between 0-24 inches from the soil surface , where the volumetric percentage of the porous carbonaceous particles in the soil surrounding the root zone is between 0.1% to 10%.47. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles have one or more of the following properties: (i) an Anion Exchange Capacity (“AEC”) greater than 5 meq/l; (ii) a Cation Exchange Capacity (“CEC”) greater than 5 meq/l; (iii) an ash content less than 15% (mass basis); (iv) a hydrophobicity index of below 12; or (v) a pH between 4 and 9.48. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles are applied by laying down multiple bands of porous carbonaceous material on the soil surface.49. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles are incorporated into the soil surrounding an irrigation system within a 24″ radius of where the distribution of water is deposited.50. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles have a dynamic repose of 45 degrees or less.51. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles have a compressibility index of 25 or less.52. The method of where the porous carbonaceous particles have a moisture level on a weight basis of between 5 to 30 ...

BIOCHAR SUSPENDED SOLUTION

A method is provided for producing a biochar solution. The method comprises the steps of collecting biochar particles, dispersing the biochar particles in a liquid solution and adding a stabilizing agent to keep the biochar in flowable suspension. The stabilizing agent may be added to the liquid solution or to the biochar prior to placing the biochar in solution. 1. A method for producing a biochar solution the method comprises the steps of (i) collecting biochar particles; (ii) dispersing the biochar particles in a liquid solution; and (iii) adding a stabilizing agent to keep the biochar in flowable suspension.2. The method of where the step of collecting the biochar micro particles includes collecting biochar from a centrifuge effluent and passing the biochar to equipment for de-sizing.3. The method of where the step of collecting the biochar particles includes collecting biochar from biochar granular product and passing the biochar to equipment for de-sizing.4. The method of where the step of collecting the biochar particles includes collecting biochar from both centrifuge effluent and granulated product and passing the biochar to equipment for de-sizing.5. The method of where the de-sizing equipment is a media mill.6. The method of where the de-sizing equipment is a media mill.7. The method of where the step of collecting the biochar particles includes adding a flocculant to the biochar.8. The method of where the liquid solution includes water.9. The method of where the liquid solution includes both water and an additive.10. The method of where the additive is a fertilizer.11. The method of further including the step of removing larger biochar particles from the liquid solution by filtering the solution.12. The method of where the liquid solution is filtered using a mesh screen ranging from 0.2 mm-7.0 mm in size.13. The method of where the stabilizing agent is xanthan gum.14. The method of where step of adding a stabilizing agent further includes adding a ...

Method for producing a component free of toe pressure

The invention relates to a method for producing a component, such as a structural member, free of toe pressure, including the steps of: introducing a soluble material into soil and introducing a component into the soil on the soluble material.

METHODS FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR

A method is provided for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots, where at least 95% of the porous carbonaceous particles have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm. The method incorporates the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the plant roots at a depth of between 0-24 inches from the soil surface, where the porous carbonaceous particles are positioned in the area surrounding the roots of the plants at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil. 1. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots , where at least 95% of the porous carbonaceous particles have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm , the method comprising: incorporating the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the plant roots at a depth of between 0-24 inches from the soil surface , where the porous carbonaceous particles are positioned in the area surrounding the roots of the plants at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil.2. The method of where the incorporation of the porous carbonaceous particles to the soil surrounding the plant roots further includes the steps of:creating voids in the area of soil where the plants are to be planted;mixing the porous carbonaceous particles with backfill soil at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil;filling the voids with a backfill soil mixture to cover the bottom of each of the voids;placing plants in the voids; andfilling any open area in the void surrounding the roots of the plants with the backfill soil mixture.3. The method of where the plant is a tree and the porous carbonaceous particles are mixed with the backfill soil at a rate of approximately five percent porous carbonaceous particles in the backfill soil.4. The method of where the plant is a vine.5. The method of where the plant is a flowering plant ...

PESTICIDAL COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED METHODS

A pesticidal composition comprises at least one soil conditioner selected from the group consisting of organic soil conditioners, microorganisms, activators, and combinations thereof and an active ingredient group alpha (AIGA) compound. The weight ratio of soil conditioner to AIGA compound is at least about 20:1. The pesticidal composition shows an enhanced residue activity of the AIGA compound in soil. A method of controlling a sap-feeding insect on a top part of the plant comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of such pesticidal composition to soil around a root system of the plant. A method of controlling pests comprises applying a pesticidally effective amount of such pesticidal composition to at least one of: soil, seed of a plant, a portion of a plant, and locus where control of pests is desired. 1. A pesticidal composition , comprising:at least one soil conditioner selected from the group consisting of organic soil conditioners, microorganisms, activators, and combinations thereof,an active ingredient group alpha (AIGA) compound; andwherein the weight ratio of soil conditioner to AIGA compound is at least about 20:1.2. The pesticidal composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of soil conditioner to AIGA compound is at least about 25:1.3. The pesticidal composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of soil conditioner to AIGA compound is between about 100:1 and 20:1.4. The pesticidal composition of claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of soil conditioner to sulfoxaflor is between about 65:1 and about 20:1.5. The pesticidal composition of claim 1 , wherein the AIGA compound comprises at least one of the following compounds:an insecticide comprising acephate, acetamiprid, aldicarb, aldoxycarb, bendiocarb, butocarboxim, carbaryl, cartap hydrochloride, demeton-S-methyl, dimethoate, flonicamid, formothion, heptenophos, imidacloprid, isazofos, methamidophos, methomyl, monocrotophos, nitenpyram, omethoate, oxamyl, oxydemeton-methyl, phorate, ...

ENHANCED BIOCHAR

Biochar is provided that is treated to have certain chemical and physical properties found to have the highest impact on plant growth and/or soil health. In particular, the following physical and/or chemical properties, among others, of a biochar have been identified as critical properties to control for in the selection of biomass feedstock, pyrolysis conditions, and/or enhancing treatment to increase biochar performance: (i) bulk density (ii) impregnation capacity; (iii) particle size distribution; (iv) solid particle density; (v) surface area; (vi) porosity; (vii) total porosity; (viii) ratio of macroporosity to total porosity (ix) content of residual organic compounds; (x) content of volatile organic compounds; (xii) ash content; (xiii) water holding capacity; (xiv) water retention capabilities; (xv) levels of dioxins and other potentially hazardous byproducts of pyrolysis; and (xvi) pH. Treatment can modify and preferably increase hydrophilicity/decrease hydrophobicity, remove dioxins from the raw biochar, modify electrical conductivity and/or surface charge, modify cation exchange capacity and modify anion exchange capacity, among other things. 1. A plurality of porous carbonaceous particles where a hydrophobicity of the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles under the MED test method has an index of 5 or less.2. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where at least 75% of the particles claim 1 , measured by weight or volume claim 1 , have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm.3. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles have been treated to have at least 10% of the pores claim 1 , by volume claim 1 , filled with an infiltrate.4. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles contains at least 55% carbon by weight.5. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the bulk ...

BIOCHARS, BIOCHAR EXTRACTS AND BIOCHAR EXTRACTS HAVING SOLUBLE SIGNALING COMPOUNDS AND METHOD FOR CAPTURING MATERIAL EXTRACTED FROM BIOCHAR

A method for capturing material extracted from biochar is provided comprising the steps of: (i) providing a biochar; (ii) contacting the biochar with an extraction media, where the extraction media causes the removal of residual compounds from the pores and surface of the biochar, creating a resulting extract comprised of the extraction media and removed compounds; and (iii) collecting the resulting extract. The method also can include other steps of extraction and purification. The method further comprises the step of applying the resulting extract to seeds, plants, soil, other agricultural products, or for use in other applications. A biochar having high levels of soluble signaling compounds is also provided, where the biochar is derived from a biomass source that together with predefined pyrolysis parameters produces resulting biochar having increased levels of soluble signaling compounds that are known to increase seed germination rates and early plant growth. 1. A method for capturing material extracted from biochar , the method comprising the steps of:providing a biochar that includes soluble signaling compounds;contacting the biochar with an extraction media, wherein the extraction media removes at least some of the soluble signaling compounds from the biochar, thereby creating a biochar extract containing soluble signaling compounds;collecting the biochar extract.2. The method of wherein the biochar extract is further processed to remove the majority of biochar particles.3. The method of wherein the biochar extract is further processed to concentrate the soluble signaling compounds.4. The method of further including the step of applying the biochar extract to seeds claim 1 , soil claim 1 , or plants.5. The method of further including the step of reincorporating the biochar extract into a biochar.6. The method of where the soluble signaling compounds are cyanohydrins.7. The method of where the soluble signaling compounds are butenolides.8. The method of where ...

Biochar suspended solution

A method is provided for producing a biochar solution. The method comprises the steps of collecting biochar particles, dispersing the biochar particles in a liquid solution and adding a stabilizing agent to keep the biochar in flowable suspension. The stabilizing agent may be added to the liquid solution or to the biochar prior to placing the biochar in solution.

Enhancing biochar performance using pyrolysis acid stream

A method of producing a modified biochar and the use of the biochar as a soil amendment. The modified biochar can be produced by contacting biochar with an acid-containing solution obtained from an acid containing stream produced in a pyrolysis process, which produces biochar. In accordance with one aspect, a cellulose-containing biomass is pyrolyzed to generate a gaseous organic acid-containing stream, which is condensed to produce an organic acid-containing solution. The biochar is then modified by contact with the organic acid-containing solution.

Biochar Suspended Solution

A method is provided for producing a biochar solution. The method comprises the steps of collecting biochar particles, dispersing the biochar particles in a liquid solution and adding a stabilizing agent to keep the biochar in flowable suspension. The stabilizing agent may be added to the liquid solution or to the biochar prior to placing the biochar in solution. 1. A method for coating seeds with biochar , the method comprising the steps of (i) suspending biochar particles , dust or fines in a liquid solution; and (ii) coating seeds with the liquid solution.2. The method of claim 1 , where the liquid solution has a concentration of 1-75% biochar particles claim 1 , dust or fines.3. The method of claim 1 , where the liquid solution has a concentration of 15-70% biochar particles claim 1 , dust or fines.4. The method of where the liquid solution includes a preservative.5. The method of where the liquid solution includes both water and an additive.6. The method of where the additive is a fertilizer.7. The method of where the additive is a plant nutrient.8. The method of where the additive is a biological agent beneficial to plants.9. The method of where the additive is manure.10. The method of where the additive is a liquid solution of compost.11. The method of where the biochar particles in solution has been treated by infusing a liquid into the pores of the biochar particles.12. A method for applying a biochar to crops claim 1 , turf grasses claim 1 , potted plants claim 1 , flowering plants claim 1 , annuals claim 1 , perennials claim 1 , evergreens or seedlings claim 1 , the method comprising the steps of (i) suspending biochar particles claim 1 , dust or fines in a liquid solution; and (ii) applying the liquid solution to the crops claim 1 , turf grasses claim 1 , potted plants claim 1 , flowering plants claim 1 , annuals claim 1 , perennials claim 1 , evergreens or seedlings by an application process consisting of one or more of hydroseeding claim 1 , ...

BIOCHAR ENCASED IN A BIODEGRADABLE MATERIAL

A soil amendment is provided and a method for making the same, where the soil amendment is encasing biochar in a biodegradable material. The biochar encased in the biodegradable material may be either or both treated and untreated (raw) biochar. The biodegradable material encasing the biochar may be sealed to produce a packet or capsule, or deposited on a sheet of biodegradable material. The sheet of biodegradable material may include a biodegradable adhesive, creating a biochar tape on the biodegradable material. In another example the biodegradable material may be immersed in a solution containing biochar to create a soil amendment, for example, to wrap a root ball of a seedling or sapling. The biodegradable material may, for example, be a polymer, wax, oil, or paraffin which is used to create a bead, capsule, or pod of biochar or biochar slurry, or may be a fiber based or polymer based material that can be formed into a shape, such as a liner, container, or a disc. 1. A soil amendment comprised of biochar encased within a biodegradable material.2. The soil amendment of claim 1 , where the biochar is treated biochar.3. The soil amendment of claim 1 , where the biochar is untreated biochar.4. The soil amendment of claim 1 , where the biodegradable material is a sack.5. The soil amendment of claim 1 , where the biodegradable material is a sheet having a central fold at a midline claim 1 , the biochar being deposited on the lower portion claim 1 , the upper portion then being folded over the lower portion at the midline and the edges closed.6. The soil amendment of claim 5 , where the biodegradable material is in the form of a tape.7. The soil amendment of claim 5 , where the biodegradable material is in the form of a mat having a central fold at the midline claim 5 , the biochar being deposited in small piles at specified coordinates on the lower portion claim 5 , the upper portion then being folded over the lower portion at the midline and the edges closed.8. The ...

METHOD FOR REDUCING SWELL POTENTIAL OF EXPANSIVE CLAYEY SOIL WITH NANO-LEVEL CONSTITUTIVE MODELING

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising expansive clay mineral(s) at a proportion of the total weight of the expansive clayey soil (P). The method includes (a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content and the CEC of the expansive clayey soil and P. The swelling reduction agent is at least one selected from calcite, gypsum, potassium chloride, a composition comprising exchangeable K, a composition comprising exchangeable Ca, and/or a composition comprising exchangeable Mg, and (b) incorporating the first amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clayey soil to form the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil. 1. A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising at least one expansive clay mineral , the proportion of the weight of the at least one expansive clay mineral relative to the total weight of the expansive clayey soil being P , the expansive clayey soil having a water content and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) expressed in meq/100 g dry expansive clayey soil , the method comprising:{'sub': '1i(soil)', '(a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content as an initial water content (IWC) and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the expansive clayey soil,'}{'sub': '1i(ECM)', 'wherein the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil comprises a first swelling reduction agent incorporated ...

GROWING MEDIA EVALUATION SYSTEM AND METHOD

A system and method for evaluating soil characteristics. The system and method includes providing one or more soil test kits to a user. The soil tests kits may include ion-exchange resins and may instruct the user to collect a soil sample from his/her growing area, to combine the soil sample with the ion-exchange resins, and to provide the combination to the system for analysis. Other test kits may not include ion-exchange resins and may instruct the user to provide a soil sample from his/her growing area to the system for analysis. The system evaluates the ion-exchange resins and/or the soil samples to identify nutrient levels, pH levels, and other characteristics of the soil. Using the evaluation results, the system provides feedback, recommendations and/or products to the user to improve the soil conditions and to ensure a successful crop, yield, quality, and nutrient density. The system and method also may include providing a second soil test kit to the user at a predetermined time after the first, to evaluate a second soil sample, and to compare the second evaluation results with the first to assess the improvement of the soil conditions. 1. A method for evaluating growing media , the method comprising:(A) providing a first growing media test kit to a user, the first growing media test kit including one or more first ion-exchange resins;(B) instructing the user to combine a first sample of growing media with the one or more first ion-exchange resins to form a first combination;(C) receiving the first combination from the user;(D) evaluating the first combination to determine a first nutrient level of at least one nutrient and/or a first pH level;(E) providing to the user results based at least in part on the evaluation in (D);(F) providing to the user at least one recommendation based at least in part on the evaluation in (D).2. The method of further comprising:(G) providing to the user at least one product based at least in part on the recommendation in (F).3. ...

Method for modifying clay soils with gypsum

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clay mineral. The method includes (a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clay mineral to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral with a reduced swell potential S i(ECM) that is no greater than a pre-set level T, wherein the swelling reduction agent comprises at least one cementation material of calcite, gypsum, and potassium chloride and/or at least one exchangeable cation of K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+ , and wherein the forcefield-modified molecular level simulation comprises molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques configured to simulate the reduced swell potential S i(ECM) , and (b) incorporating the amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clay mineral to form the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral.

METHODS FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR

A method is provided for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots, where at least 95% of the porous carbonaceous particles have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm. The method incorporates the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the plant roots at a depth of between 0-24 inches from the soil surface, where the porous carbonaceous particles are positioned in the area surrounding the roots of the plants at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil. 1. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to soil for purpose of cultivating plants having roots , where at least 95% of the porous carbonaceous particles have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm , the method comprising: incorporating the porous carbonaceous particles into the soil surrounding the root zone of the plants roots , where the porous carbonaceous particles are positioned in the area surrounding the roots of the plants where the volumetric percentage of the treated porous carbonaceous particles in the soil surrounding the root zone is between 0.1% to 10%.2. The method of where the incorporation of the porous carbonaceous particles to the soil surrounding the plant roots further includes the steps of:creating voids in the area of soil where the plants are to be planted;mixing the porous carbonaceous particles with backfill soil at a ratio of between 1:999 to 1:1 porous carbonaceous particles to soil;filling the voids with a backfill soil mixture to cover the bottom of each of the voids;placing plants in the voids; andfilling any open area in the void surrounding the roots of the plants with the backfill soil mixture.3. The method of where the plant is a tree and the porous carbonaceous particles are mixed with the backfill soil at a rate of approximately five percent porous carbonaceous particles in the backfill soil.4. The method of where the plant is a vine.5. The method of where the ...

BIOCHAR AS A MICROBIAL CARRIER

The invention relates to a microbial delivery system where biochar acts as a carrier for microbes. 1. A microbial delivery system comprising:biochar having pores; andmicrobes retained on the surface or in the pores of the biochar.2. The delivery system of claim 1 , where at least some of the microbes are inoculated into the pores of the biochar.3. The delivery system of claim 2 , where the microbes are inoculated into the pores of the biochar using mechanical claim 2 , chemical claim 2 , or biological assistance to move the microbes either into the pores of the biochar or onto the surfaces of the biochar.4. The delivery system of where the microbes are inoculated into the pores of the biochar using the application of positive or negative pressure.5. The delivery system of where the microbes are inoculated into the pores of the biochar using a surfactant.6. The delivery system of where the microbes are retained by the biochar through mixing the biochar and microbes together.7. The delivery system of where the microbes are retained on the biochar by suspending the microbes in liquid and depositing the microbes on the biochar.8Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Aereobacter, Flavobacterium, Erwinia, KlebsiellaEnterobacterBacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circulans, PaenibacillusAcidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella varticola, Pantoea aggioineransGlomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Aspergillus terreusAspergillus niger.. The delivery system of where the microbes retained by the biochar are selected from the group consisting of: claim 1 , and claim 1 , including spp. claim 1 , ; fungi such as and9. The delivery system of where the biochar is treated biochar.10. The delivery system of where the biochar has been treated to alter one or more of the following properties of the biochar: pH; hydrophobicity; hydrophilicity; ability of the biochar to hold ...

Soil Stabilization System and Method

Soil stabilization systems and methods for stabilization of a ground surface are disclosed. The systems and methods may include a stabilization machine having a mixing chamber, a dry additive deliver system for delivering dry additive from a dry additive storage truck and a water delivery system for delivering water from a water storage truck. The systems and methods may further include the delivery of dry additive and water directly to the mixing chamber of a stabilization machine. 1. A soil stabilization machine configured to mix a ground surface with dry additive and water , the machine comprising:a machine frame;a plurality of traction units configured to support the machine frame on the ground surface;a rotor coupled to the frame between traction units and configured to engage the ground surface;a mixing chamber coupled to the frame and at least partially defined by a hood, the mixing chamber at least partially surrounding the rotor;a dry additive delivery system configured to blow a metered amount of dry additive under the hood and directly into the mixing chamber from a dry additive storage truck; anda water delivery system configured to deliver a metered amount of water directly into the mixing chamber from a water storage truck.2. The soil stabilization machine of claim 1 , wherein the dry additive delivery system and the water delivery system are supported on the hood of the mixing chamber.3. The soil stabilization machine of claim 1 , wherein the dry additive delivery system and the water delivery system each include a metering device for controlling the amount of dry additive and water delivered to the mixing chamber.4. The soil stabilization machine of claim 1 , wherein the dry additive is fly ash claim 1 , lime claim 1 , cement or a combination thereof.5. The soil stabilization machine of claim 1 , wherein the machine frame is rigidly coupled to the dry additive storage truck and the water storage truck.6. The soil stabilization machine of claim 5 , ...

ARTIFICIAL SOILS AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL SOILS

An artificial soil for growing vegetation includes a mixture of biosolids from a wastewater treatment plant, at least one of synthetic gypsum and a gypsum-depleted by-product, and a calcium compound from at least one of a lime kiln dust, a fluidized bed ash, and a ball mill lime. The calcium compound is present in an amount sufficient to heat the mixture to at least about 132° F. following mixing. The mixture may include at least one of silica and alumina. The artificial soil may include hydrated lime. The mixture may include at least about 1/9 by volume of biosolids and/or from about ⅛ to about ½ by volume of the calcium compound. A method of manufacturing the artificial soil includes mixing biosolids with at least one of synthetic gypsum and a gypsum-depleted by-product and at least one of a lime kiln dust, a fluidized bed ash, and a ball mill lime. 1. An artificial soil for growing vegetation comprising:a mixture of biosolids from a wastewater treatment plant, at least one of synthetic gypsum and a gypsum-depleted by-product from a process that produces gypsum separately from the gypsum-depleted by-product, and a calcium compound from at least one of a lime kiln dust, a fluidized bed ash, and a ball mill lime.2. The artificial soil of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the lime kiln dust claim 1 , the fluidized bed ash claim 1 , and the ball mill lime is present in an amount sufficient to heat the mixture to at least about 132° F. following mixing.3. The artificial soil of claim 1 , wherein the mixture further includes at least one of silica and alumina.4. The artificial soil of claim 3 , wherein the at least one of silica and alumina is from the one of the lime kiln dust claim 3 , the fluidized bed ash claim 3 , and the ball mill lime.5. The artificial soil of claim 1 , further including hydrated lime.6. The artificial soil of claim 1 , wherein the gypsum-depleted by-product is from a process that produces the synthetic gypsum.7. The artificial soil of claim ...

Oil Borne Preservative Removal By Torrefaction

A method for removing hazardous air pollutants and contaminants from a wood product is disclosed. In a first step, a contaminated wood product is placed in a treatment vessel. This wood product includes an initial amount of an absorbed contaminant, selected from the group consisting of creosote, a mixture of pentachlorophenol and a carrier oil, a mixture of copper naphthenate and a carrier oil, and combinations thereof In a second step, the wood product is heated to a treatment temperature sufficient to evaporate at least a portion of the absorbed contaminant from the wood product but insufficient to pyrolyze the wood product. The wood product is then maintained at the treatment temperature for a period of time sufficient to reduce the absorbed contaminant in the wood product to a final amount which is less than about 20% of the initial amount. Optionally, the desorbed wood may then be treated with a chemical to remove inorganic impurities that are detrimental during thermochemical conversion of biomass. A decontaminated wood product is also disclosed. 1. A method for removing contaminants from a wood product , comprising the steps of:placing a contaminated wood product in a treatment vessel, the wood product including an initial amount of an absorbed contaminant selected from the group consisting of creosote, a mixture of pentachlorophenol and a carrier oil, a mixture of copper naphthenate and a carrier oil, and combinations thereof;heating the wood product to a treatment temperature sufficient to evaporate at least a portion of the absorbed contaminant from the wood product but insufficient to pyrolyze the wood product; andmaintaining the wood product at the treatment temperature for a period of time sufficient to reduce the absorbed contaminant in the wood product to a final amount which is less than about 20% of the initial amount.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the final amount of absorbed contaminant in the wood product is less than about 10% of the initial ...

Oil Borne Preservative Removal By Torrefaction

A method for removing hazardous air pollutants and contaminants from a wood product is disclosed. In a first step, a contaminated wood product is placed in a treatment vessel. This wood product includes an initial amount of an absorbed contaminant, selected from the group consisting of creosote, a mixture of pentachlorophenol and a carrier oil, a mixture of copper naphthenate and a carrier oil, and combinations thereof. In a second step, the wood product is heated to a treatment temperature sufficient to evaporate at least a portion of the absorbed contaminant from the wood product but insufficient to pyrolyze the wood product. The wood product is then maintained at the treatment temperature for a period of time sufficient to reduce the absorbed contaminant in the wood product to a final amount which is less than about 20% of the initial amount. A decontaminated wood product is also disclosed. 1. A method for removing contaminants from a wood product , comprising the steps of:placing a contaminated wood product in a treatment vessel, the wood product including an initial amount of an absorbed contaminant selected from the group consisting of creosote, a mixture of pentachlorophenol and a carrier oil, a mixture of copper naphthenate and a carrier oil, and combinations thereof;heating the wood product to a treatment temperature sufficient to evaporate at least a portion of the absorbed contaminant from the wood product but insufficient to pyrolyze the wood product; andmaintaining the wood product at the treatment temperature for a period of time sufficient to reduce the absorbed contaminant in the wood product to a final amount which is less than about 20% of the initial amount.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the final amount of absorbed contaminant in the wood product is less than about 10% of the initial amount of absorbed contaminant in the wood product.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treatment temperature is from about 200° C. to about 350° C.4. The ...

CLAY SOIL SITE PREPARATION FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising expansive clay mineral(s) at a proportion of the total weight of the expansive clayey soil (P). The method includes (a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content and the CEC of the expansive clayey soil and P. The swelling reduction agent is at least one selected from calcite, gypsum, potassium chloride, a composition comprising exchangeable K, a composition comprising exchangeable Ca, and/or a composition comprising exchangeable Mg, and (b) incorporating the first amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clayey soil to form the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil. 112-. (canceled)13. A method of preparing a site having an expansive clayey soil comprising at least one expansive clay mineral to build a structure , the proportion of the weight of the at least one expansive clay mineral relative to the total weight of the expansive clayey soil being P , the expansive clayey soil having a swell potential Sat or above a pre-set limit T* , a first water content , and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) expressed in meq/100 g dry expansive clayey soil , the method comprising:{'sub': '1i(soil)', '(a) assessing the site to build the structure by calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent comprising gypsum incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than the pre-set limit T* with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the first water content as an initial water content (IWC) and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the expansive clayey ...

SUBGRADE IRRIGATION FOR SITE PREPARATION HAVING CLAYEY EXPANSIVE SOIL

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising expansive clay mineral(s) at a proportion of the total weight of the expansive clayey soil (P). The method includes (a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content and the CEC of the expansive clayey soil and P. The swelling reduction agent is at least one selected from calcite, gypsum, potassium chloride, a composition comprising exchangeable K, a composition comprising exchangeable Ca, and/or a composition comprising exchangeable Mg, and (b) incorporating the first amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clayey soil to form the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil. 110-. (canceled)11. A method of preparing a site having a reduced swell potential of an expansive clayey soil at the site , wherein the expansive clayey soil comprises comprising at least one expansive clay mineral , the proportion of the weight of the at least one expansive clay mineral relative to the total weight of the expansive clayey soil being P , the expansive clayey soil having a first water content and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) expressed in meq/100 g dry expansive clayey soil , the method comprising:{'sub': 'w(soil)', '(a) determining a second water content of a wetted expansive clayey soil to be formed by wetting the expansive clayey soil with water, the wetted expansive clayey soil having a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T in accordance with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the expansive clayey soil and the second water content of the wetted expansive clayey soil as an initial water content (IWC),'}{'sub': 'w(ECM ...

Soil amendment and fertilizer composition

Disclosed herein are soil amendments, generally in the form of coated perlite compositions, as well as methods of making and using the same. The disclosed compositions, methods, and systems provide for various beneficial enhancements to plants growth and soil health, and may decrease costs, for example by avoiding the need for multiple treatments. The presently disclosed compositions, methods, and systems also aid in prolonging release of plant nutrition into the soil (including silica), enhancing aeration, water retention, and drainage, resisting soil compaction, providing for pest and insect control, etc. In many embodiments, the disclosed coated perlite composition is a sterile composition, that is lightweight, and has a low dust content, which may provide for efficient and low-cost handling and transport of products comprising same. The disclosed coated perlite compositions comprise perlite particles having a coating of a mixture of diatomaceous earth phosphorous and may also include one or more of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the coating.

COMPOSITIONS FOR REMOVING HYDROCARBONS AND HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS FROM CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENTS

A composition for in situ remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons. The composition includes an adsorbent, such as activated carbon, capable of adsorbing the hydrocarbons. The composition also includes a sulfate-containing compound that releases sulfate over a period of time, e.g., a time-release compound that may include calcium sulfate. The composition includes a nutrient system for promoting growth of facultative anaerobes, in the soil or provided in the composition itself. In some embodiments, the nutrient system includes a sulfide scavenging agent such as iron sulfate. In the same or other embodiments, the nutrient system includes at least one of a nitrogen source and a phosphorous source. 1. A composition for in situ bioremediation of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons , comprising:an adsorbent capable of adsorbing the hydrocarbons during the in situ bioremediation of the soil;a non-toxic compound that releases, into the soil, sulfate over a period of time; anda nutrient system for promoting growth of facultative anaerobes, when the composition is placed in the soil as part of the in situ bioremediation, capable of metabolizing the hydrocarbons.2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the adsorbent comprises activated carbon.3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the sulfate-containing compound comprises calcium sulfate.4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutrient system includes a sulfide scavenging agent.5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the sulfide scavenging agent comprises iron sulfate.6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutrient system includes a nitrogen source.7. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the nitrogen source comprises an ammonium salt.8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the nutrient system includes a phosphorous source and wherein and the phosphorous source comprises at least one of a monobasic alkali-metal phosphate and ammonium phosphate.9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the ...

BIOCHARS AND BIOCHAR TREATMENT PROCESSES

Treated biochar and methods for treating biochar are provided. The method for treating the biochar includes forcing, assisting or accelerating the movement of an infiltrant into the pores of the biochar, whereby the treatment affects properties of the biochar that provide for a more reliable and predictable biochar for use in various applications, including, but not limited to, agricultural applications. 1. A method for treating a porous carbonaceous material having pores , the method comprising the steps of:placing the porous carbonaceous material in a tank;adding a solution to the tank, where the solution contains a surfactant; andmixing the solution with the porous carbonaceous material.2. The method of where the solution is a liquid solution containing 0.1-20% surfactant.3yucca. The method of where surfactant is a extract.4. The method of where the solution further includes an additive.5. The method of where the additive is selected from the group consisting of water claim 4 , liquid inorganic and organic compounds of different composition and polarity claim 4 , water solutions of salts claim 4 , water solutions of acids claim 4 , water solutions of bases claim 4 , water solutions of organic compounds claim 4 , water solutions of inorganic compounds claim 4 , liquid organic compounds claim 4 , liquid inorganic compounds claim 4 , solvents claim 4 , mineral oils claim 4 , organic oils claim 4 , turpentine claim 4 , olive oil claim 4 , palm oil claim 4 , mineral extracts claim 4 , organic extracts claim 4 , extracts containing organic compounds claim 4 , extracts of inorganic compounds claim 4 , slurries claim 4 , suspensions claim 4 , slurries comprising solid phases including inorganic oxides claim 4 , hydroxides claim 4 , salts claim 4 , organometallic complexes claim 4 , nano-dispersed solids claim 4 , micro-dispersed solids claim 4 , carbon-based clusters claim 4 , and fine particles claim 4 , and supercritical liquids.6. The method of further comprising the ...

CHARCOALS

Non-activated charcoals from living plant materials are useful as ion exchange agents for adsorbing cations from an environment, especially metal ions. 1. A method of making an ion exchange agent for adsorbing cations , the agent comprising charred material , wherein the charred material is not activated and is produced by charring living plant material at a temperature of 300-700° C. in the absence of an oxidizing agent ,wherein the living plant material is selected from the group consisting of nettle, beet, an algae, seaweed, straw, cabbage, garlic, bracken, horsetail, rye grass and oil seed rape,wherein the charred material has an ash content of at least 15% (by weight), and wherein K, Ca, Mg, Mn and/or P make up at least 10% of the charred material weight.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is foliage and the cations are heavy metal cations.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the charred material is produced from plant tissues that are less than one year old at the time of harvest.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the material is not wood or secondary xylem material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the living material is metabolically active at the time of harvesting.610.-. (canceled)11. An ion exchange agent-produced by the method of .1225.-. (canceled)26. The ion exchange agent of claim 11 , wherein 0.5 g of charred material is capable of raising the pH of 100 ml deionised water to a pH of at least 10.27. The ion exchange agent of claim 11 , wherein the charred material adsorbs cations from a selected environment.28. An agent according to claim 27 , wherein the cations are selected from the group consisting of: copper claim 27 , zinc claim 27 , lead claim 27 , mercury claim 27 , nickel claim 27 , cadmium claim 27 , mercury and aluminium.29. An agent according to claim 27 , wherein the environment or area for treatment is soil or aqueous waste.30. (canceled)31. A method for removing a cationic dye from a solution claim 11 , said method comprising ...

BIOCHARS AND BIOCHAR TREATMENT PROCESSES

Treated biochar and methods for treating biochar are provided. The method for treating the biochar includes forcing, assisting or accelerating the movement of an infiltrant into the pores of the biochar, whereby the treatment affects properties of the biochar that provide for a more reliable and predictable biochar for use in various applications, including, but not limited to, agricultural applications. 1. A biochar comprising:porous carbonaceous material comprising a pore morphology defining a pore volume comprising a plurality of pores comprising pore surfaces, where the surface of pores have been treated by an infiltrate infused into the pores of the porous carbonaceous material by a forced, assisted or accelerated infusion treatment process, where the infusion treatment process uses a surfactant to assist the infiltrate into the pores of the porous carbonaceous material.2. The biochar of where the infiltrate is an additive selected from the group consisting of water claim 1 , liquid inorganic and organic compounds of different composition and polarity claim 1 , water solutions of salts claim 1 , water solutions of acids claim 1 , water solutions of bases claim 1 , water solutions of organic compounds claim 1 , water solutions of inorganic compounds claim 1 , liquid organic compounds claim 1 , liquid inorganic compounds claim 1 , solvents claim 1 , mineral oils claim 1 , organic oils claim 1 , turpentine claim 1 , olive oil claim 1 , palm oil claim 1 , mineral extracts claim 1 , organic extracts claim 1 , extracts containing organic compounds claim 1 , extracts of inorganic compounds claim 1 , slurries claim 1 , suspensions claim 1 , slurries comprising solid phases including inorganic oxides claim 1 , hydroxides claim 1 , salts claim 1 , organometallic complexes claim 1 , nano-dispersed solids claim 1 , micro-dispersed solids claim 1 , carbon-based clusters claim 1 , and fine particles claim 1 , and supercritical liquids.3. The biochar of where at least 10% of ...

EXCHANGABLE CATION (Mg) SWELL POTENTIAL REDUCTION METHOD

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clay mineral. The method includes (a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clay mineral to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T, wherein the swelling reduction agent comprises at least one cementation material of calcite, gypsum, and potassium chloride and/or at least one exchangeable cation of K, Ca, and Mg, and wherein the forcefield-modified molecular level simulation comprises molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques configured to simulate the reduced swell potential S, and (b) incorporating the amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clay mineral to form the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral. 116-. (canceled)17: A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising at least one expansive clay mineral , the proportion of the weight of the at least one expansive clay mineral relative to the total weight of the expansive clayey soil being P , the expansive clayey soil having a water content and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of from 30 to 250 meq/100 g of the expansive clay mineral on a dry basis , the method comprising:{'sub': 'i(soil)', '(a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T*,'}{'sub': i(ECM)', 'i(soil)', 'i(ECM)', 'ECM, 'wherein the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil comprises a swelling reduction agent incorporated at least one expansive clay mineral having a swell potential ...

PROPYL CATIONIC PEPTIDE LIPIDS, SYNTHESIS METHOD THEREOF, AND APPLICATION THEREOF

A class of propyl cationic peptide lipids is propyl cationic peptide lipid compounds having a general formula structure as follows. After the propyl cationic peptide lipids are dispersed in water, a cationic liposome with a particle size of approximately 100 nm is obtained. The cationic liposome can carry plasmid DNA (pDNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cells to realize the function of gene delivery, and is almost non-toxic to the cells. 2. The propyl cationic peptide lipid according to claim 1 , wherein Ris selected from C claim 1 , C claim 1 , C claim 1 , or Calkyl claim 1 , x is selected from 2 to 4.3. A method for synthesizing the propyl cationic peptide lipid according to claim 1 , comprising the following steps:1) preparing a peptide head intermediate by protecting amino group of amino acid with a protective reagent by means of orthogonal protection method: the amino acid being selected from Lys, Orn, Arg, His, Asp, Ala or Gly, the amino group protective reagent being di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (Boc2O), Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl succinimide (Fmoc-OSu) or benzyl chloroformate (CbzCl), at a molar ratio of the protective reagent and the amino acid being 1:1 to 8:1, the reaction solvent being acetonitrile, toluene, acetone, tetrahydrofuran or water, the reaction time being 1 to 20 hours, and the reaction temperature being 0 to 100° C. After the reaction, the solvent being removed by rotary evaporation, followed by purification by means of recrystallization with a recrystallization solvent being an ethyl acetate/petroleum ether mixed solvent (v/v=3:1);2) protecting the amino group of 3-amino-1,2-propanediol with Fmoc-OSu protective reagent, after acylation with an acylating agent, reacting the resultant with alkyl amine, to prepare a disubstituted propyl long carbon chain intermediate: the acylating agent being carbonyl diimidazole, at a molar ratio of the acylating agent and 3-amino-1,2-propanediol being 1:1 to 3:1, after acylation, the molar ratio of 3- ...

ENHANCED BIOCHAR

Biochar is provided that is treated to have certain chemical and physical properties found to have the highest impact on plant growth and/or soil health. In particular, the following physical and/or chemical properties, among others, of a biochar have been identified as critical properties to control for in the selection of biomass feedstock, pyrolysis conditions, and/or enhancing treatment to increase biochar performance: (i) bulk density (ii) impregnation capacity; (iii) particle size distribution; (iv) solid particle density; (v) surface area; (vi) porosity; (vii) total porosity; (viii) ratio of macroporosity to total porosity (ix) content of residual organic compounds; (x) content of volatile organic compounds; (xii) ash content; (xiii) water holding capacity; (xiv) water retention capabilities; (xv) levels of dioxins and other potentially hazardous byproducts of pyrolysis; and (xvi) pH. Treatment can modify and preferably increase hydrophilicity/decrease hydrophobicity, remove dioxins from the raw biochar, modify electrical conductivity and/or surface charge, modify cation exchange capacity and modify anion exchange capacity, among other things. 1. A plurality of porous carbonaceous particles where at least 75% of the particles , measured by weight and volume , have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm and where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles have (i) a ratio of macropore volume to total pore volume greater than or equal to 50% and (ii) a water holding capacity greater than 30% by volume.2. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles contains at least 55% carbon by weight.3. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the hydrophobicity of the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles under the MED test method has an index of 4 or less.4. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the bulk density of the plurality of porous ...

Methods and Systems for Producing Biochar

In various embodiments, a method may comprise disposing biomass into a processing chamber; regulating at least one of a temperature and a pressure in the processing chamber; and/or processing the biomass to create biochar. The biomass may comprise cellulose acetate. 1. A method , comprising:disposing biomass into a processing chamber;regulating at least one of a temperature and a pressure in the processing chamber; andprocessing the biomass to create biochar;wherein the biomass comprises cellulose acetate.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the processing chamber comprises a kiln.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the processing chamber comprises a rotary kiln.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein an atmosphere in the processing chamber during the processing the biomass comprises little or no oxygen.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the atmosphere in the processing chamber comprises a nonreactive gas.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass comprises between 50 and 100 percent by weight cellulose acetate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cellulose acetate comprises a synthetic fiber cellulose acetate.8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising procuring the biomass comprising the synthetic fiber cellulose acetate from at least one of discarded cigarette filters and discarded cigarette filter components.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the regulating the temperature comprises increasing the temperature in the processing chamber 10 degrees C. per minutes up to between 550 and 800 degrees C.10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising sizing the biomass prior to the disposing the biomass into the processing chamber.11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sizing the biomass is completed via a shredder.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is disposed into the processing chamber from a feed system comprising a feeder valve.13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising discharging an exhaust from the processing chamber through an exhaust system; ...

CLAY SOIL MODIFICATION WITH Ca2+ EXCHANGEABLE CATION

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clay mineral. The method includes (a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clay mineral to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T, wherein the swelling reduction agent comprises at least one cementation material of calcite, gypsum, and potassium chloride and/or at least one exchangeable cation of K, Ca, and Mg, and wherein the forcefield-modified molecular level simulation comprises molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques configured to simulate the reduced swell potential S, and (b) incorporating the amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clay mineral to form the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral. 116-. (canceled)17: A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising at least one expansive clay mineral , the proportion of the weight of the at least one expansive clay mineral relative to the total weight of the expansive clayey soil being P , the expansive clayey soil having a water content and a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 40-150 meq/100 g of the expansive clay mineral on a dry basis , the method comprising:{'sub': 'i(soil)', '(a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential Sthat is no greater than a pre-set level T*,'}{'sub': i(ECM)', 'i(soil)', 'i(ECM)', 'ECM, 'wherein the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil comprises a swelling reduction agent incorporated at least one expansive clay mineral having a swell potential represented by ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM OF TREATING BIOMASS WASTES BY BIOCHEMISTRY-THERMOCHEMISTRY MULTI-POINT INTERCONNECTION

The present invention discloses a method and a system of treating biomass wastes by biochemistry-thermochemistry multi-point interconnection. The present invention applies solid, gas and liquid products of the thermochemical treatment subsystem to the biochemical treatment subsystem and applies heat produced by the biochemical treatment subsystem to the thermochemical treatment subsystem, forming multi-point and two-way interconnection between the biochemical treatment subsystem and the thermochemical treatment subsystem, thereby increasing the yield and stability of energy gas of the biochemical treatment subsystem and reducing pollution and energy consumption of the thermochemical treatment subsystem respectively. The present invention is suitable for treating biomass wastes with high and low water contents at the same time, producing soil amendment, liquid fuel and biogas, having properties of low secondary pollution and significant reduction of greenhouse gas emission and so on. The bio-stability, humus content and nitrogen content of the solid product are as high as soil amendment, making it easy to store and transport. 1. A method of treating biomass wastes by biochemistry-thermochemistry multi-point interconnection , characterized in that , it includes steps of:(1) Converting dry biomass wastes into pyrolysis gas, biochar, pyrolysis oil and aqueous condensate by a pyrolyzing unit;(2) Feeding the pyrolysis gas and the aqueous condensate into an anaerobic digestion unit for treating wet biomass wastes;(3) Feeding the biochar into the anaerobic digestion unit wherein the biochar are discharged with digestion residues of the anaerobic digestion unit;(4) Separating the digestion residues into slurry and fiber digestate by a solid-liquid separation unit;(5) Conducting post-treatment on the fiber digestate in a composting unit to form a compost product;(6) Employing heat produced by using the pyrolysis oil and biogas to dry the fiber digestate, the compost and other ...

ENHANCED BIOCHAR

Biochar is provided that is treated to have certain chemical and physical properties found to have the highest impact on plant growth and/or soil health. In particular, the following physical and/or chemical properties, among others, of a biochar have been identified as critical properties to control for in the selection of biomass feedstock, pyrolysis conditions, and/or enhancing treatment to increase biochar performance: (i) bulk density (ii) impregnation capacity; (iii) particle size distribution; (iv) solid particle density; (v) surface area; (vi) porosity; (vii) total porosity; (viii) ratio of macroporosity to total porosity (ix) content of residual organic compounds; (x) content of volatile organic compounds; (xii) ash content; (xiii) water holding capacity; (xiv) water retention capabilities; (xv) levels of dioxins and other potentially hazardous byproducts of pyrolysis; and (xvi) pH. Treatment can modify and preferably increase hydrophilicity/decrease hydrophobicity, remove dioxins from the raw biochar, modify electrical conductivity and/or surface charge, modify cation exchange capacity and modify anion exchange capacity, among other things. 1. A plurality of porous carbonaceous particles where a hydrophobicity of the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles under the MED test method has an index of 5 or less.2. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where at least 75% of the particles claim 1 , measured by weight or volume claim 1 , have a particle size less than or equal to 10 mm.3. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles have been treated to have at least 10% of the pores claim 1 , by volume claim 1 , filled with an infiltrate.4. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the plurality of porous carbonaceous particles contains at least 55% carbon by weight.5. The plurality of porous carbonaceous particles of claim 1 , where the bulk ...

METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications. 1. A method for applying biochar to sod where the method comprises contacting the root side of the sod with the biochar such that some of the biochar adheres to the root side of the sod.2. The method of where pressure is applied to the sod and biochar to assist with the biochar adhering to the root side of the sod.3. The method of where a substance that improves the adhesion of the biochar to the root side of the sod is added to either the biochar or to the root side of the sod before contacting the root side of the sod with the biochar.4. Turf sod claim 1 , the turf sod comprising a piece of sod having biochar attached to the root side of sod.5. A plant root ball claim 1 , the plant root ball comprising a mass of root tissue and soil and biochar claim 1 , where the biochar is attached to surface of the root ball.6. A plant root ball claim 1 , the plant root ball comprising a mass of root tissue and soil claim 1 , a wrap surrounding the mass of root tissue and soil claim 1 , and biochar claim 1 , where the biochar is either attached to a surface of the wrap or is positioned between the wrap and the mass of root tissue and biochar. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/184,763, filed Jun. 16, 2016, titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN A TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS, which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/186,876 filed Jun. 30, 2015 titled BIOCHAR COATED SEEDS and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/180,525 filed Jun. 16, 2015 titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS ENVIRONMENT and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/290,026 filed Feb. 2, 2016 titled BIOCHAR AGGREGATE PARTICLES, which application Ser. No. 15/184,763 is also is a ...

Process To Convert Reduced Sulfur Species And Water Into Hydrogen And Sulfuric Acid

In an aspect, provided herein are methods for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas, the methods comprising steps of: providing sulfur dioxide formed by thermal conversion of a sulfur-containing species; electrochemically oxidizing said sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in the presence of water; and electrochemically forming hydrogen gas via a reduction reaction. In some embodiments, the methods comprise a step of thermally converting said sulfur-containing species to said sulfur dioxide. Systems configured to perform these methods are also disclosed herein. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas by electrochemically forming the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen gas in a mixture comprising a sulfur material, a supporting acid, and water. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing a cement material.

PROCESS TO CONVERT REDUCED SULFUR SPECIES AND WATER INTO HYDROGEN AND SULFURIC ACID

In an aspect, provided herein are methods for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas, the methods comprising steps of: providing sulfur dioxide formed by thermal conversion of a sulfur-containing species; electrochemically oxidizing said sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid in the presence of water; and electrochemically forming hydrogen gas via a reduction reaction. In some embodiments, the methods comprise a step of thermally converting said sulfur-containing species to said sulfur dioxide. Systems configured to perform these methods are also disclosed herein. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing sulfuric acid and hydrogen gas by electrochemically forming the sulfuric acid and the hydrogen gas in a mixture comprising a sulfur material, a supporting acid, and water. Also provided herein are methods and systems for producing a cement material. 1. A method for producing a cement material comprising:(a) reacting a first acid and a first cement precursor to form a second cement precursor; and(b) converting the second cement precursor to a cement material.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first cement precursor comprises an element selected from the group consisting of Ca claim 1 , Si claim 1 , or Al claim 1 , or a combination of thereof.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (a) is performed in the presence of water as a wet slurry.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second cement precursor comprises an element selected from the group consisting of Ca claim 1 , Si claim 1 , or Al claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second cement precursor comprises Ca.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first acid is at a concentration of greater than or equal to 20% by mass.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting the second cement precursor to a cement material comprises thermally converting the second cement precursor at an appropriate temperature for sintering or thermally decomposing the second cement ...

一种秸秆与污泥协同处理的装置及其方法

本发明属于废弃物资源化利用领域，公开了一种秸秆与污泥协同处理的装置及其方法。所述秸秆与污泥协同处理的方法包括：(1)将秸秆依次进行破碎、烘干和无氧热解，冷却后得秸秆热解炭；(2)将秸秆热解炭与污泥进行混合调质，之后将所得混合调质产物进行固液分离；所得固相经烘干脱水后进行无氧热解，冷却后得改性污泥热解炭；所得液相进行污水处理以使其达标排放；(3)将干碎秸秆无氧热解产生的热解气燃烧后作为秸秆无氧热解、固相烘干以及固相无氧热解的能源，并将固相烘干和无氧热解产生的烟气作为秸秆烘干的能源。采用本发明提供的装置和方法可以改善污泥热解炭的性能指标，避免由于秸秆焚烧所产生的“雾霾”问题，实现能量梯级利用。

Solidity material for reapplication of assignment waste harding foam having excellent compressive strength using the solidity material

본 발명은 중금속을 함유한 지정 폐기물을 고형화하기 위한 고화제(고형화 처리제) 및 상기 고화제 첨가를 통해 우수한 강도와 함께 중금속 용출에 대해 안정성을 갖고 산업용 자재로서 재활용할 수 있는 고화제를 이용한 경화체에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a hardener using a solidifying agent (solidifying agent) for solidifying a designated waste containing heavy metals and a solidifying agent which has stability against heavy metal elution with excellent strength and can be recycled as an industrial material through addition of the hardening agent. It is about. 본 발명에 따른 고화제는 CaO 40∼60%, SiO 2 15∼20%, Al 2 O 3 5∼10%, Fe 2 O 3 2∼6%, MgO 4∼5%, S 0.5∼1%, CaCO 3 2∼20%의 조성비를 갖는 것을 특징으로 한다. The solidifying agent according to the present invention comprises 40 to 60% of CaO, 15 to 20% of SiO 2 , 5 to 10% of Al 2 O 3 , 2 to 6% of Fe 2 O 3 , 4 to 5% of MgO, 0.5 to 1% of S, It is characterized by having a composition ratio of CaCO 3 2-20%. 또한, 본 발명에 따른 경화체는 상기 고화제 12∼20%, 지정 폐기물 25∼35%, 시멘트 20∼28%, 모래 25∼35%를 혼합하여 양생시킨 것을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the cured product according to the present invention is characterized by curing by mixing 12 to 20% of the solidifying agent, 25 to 35% of designated waste, 20 to 28% of cement, 25 to 35% of sand.

一种茶园酸化土壤改良剂及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种茶园酸化土壤改良剂，其包括生物炭和碱性辅料，所述碱性辅料为磷矿粉、钙镁磷肥、白云石粉和草木灰中的至少两种；该酸化土壤改良剂的用量为8.55～23.45t/hm 2 ，其中生物炭的含量为58.25～85.29％。本发明的土壤改良剂以生物炭为主要原料，选择钙镁磷肥、磷矿粉、草木灰和白云石粉等碱性辅料，生物炭能通过自身官能团和碱性成分中和土壤中的酸性组分，缓解土壤酸化，同时生物炭具有较大的孔隙度和比表面积，通过其耦合和负载碱性辅料，从而进一步提高改良剂吸附氢离子以及络合活性铝离子的能力，增强了改良剂的缓冲能力和长效性。本发明还公开了该茶园酸化土壤改良剂的制备方法。

Quick-setting mortar composition for compaction grouting process using bottom ash as aggregate

본 발명은 연약지반을 보강하거나 연약한 지반상의 구조물 침하를 방지하기 위하여, 또는 이미 침하가 이루어져 안전에 위협을 받는 지상 및 지중 구조물 및 설치물 등의 안전을 보장하기 위하여 기초를 보강하는 그라우팅 공법 중 슬럼프가 낮은 저유동성 모르타르를 주입재로 사용하는 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 속경형 모르타르 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 주입재인 저유동성 모르타르에 CSA(Calcium Sulfur Aluminate)를 이용하여 속경성을 부여해서 공기를 단축하고 고칼슘 플라이애시 등의 비정질 물질을 활성화시켜 강도를 발현하고 동시에 고칼슘 플라이애시에 다량 함유된 CaO의 흡수, 발열반응과 체적팽창작용을 이용하여 시멘트 모르타르가 양생되면서 수축하는 특성을 보완하여 연약한 지반 개량의 성능을 크게 향상시키는 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 속경형 모르타르 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의한 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 속경형 모르타르 조성물은 골재로서 버텀애쉬 100중량부에 대하여 고로슬래그 시멘트 10~30중량부, Aluminum oxide 함량이 50% 이상인 CSA(Calcium Sulfur Aluminate) 2~6중량부 및 페트로 코우크스 탈황석고 2~6중량부를 포함한다. The present invention relates to a grouting method in which a foundation is reinforced in order to reinforce a soft ground or to prevent the settlement of a structure on a soft ground or to secure the safety of ground and underground structures and fixtures that have been already settled and are threatened with safety, More particularly, the present invention relates to a low-speed mortar composition for use in low-flowable mortar as a filling material, and more particularly, to a low-flow mortar composition for a compaction grouting method, It accelerates the amorphous materials such as air shortening and high calcium fly ash, enhances the strength, and compensates the shrinkage characteristics of the cement mortar by using the absorption, exothermic reaction and volumetric expansion action of CaO contained in the high calcium fly ash Significantly improve the performance of soft soil improvement To a fast-curing mortar composition for compaction grouting. The fast curing mortar composition for compaction grouting according to the present invention comprises 10 to 30 parts by weight of blast furnace slag cement, 100 parts by weight of CSA (Calcium Sulfur Aluminate) 2 having an aluminum oxide content of 50% And 6 to 6 parts by weight of petroleum gypsum desulfurization gypsum.

Способ биомелиорации бурых и каштановых почв с солонцами на деградированных богарных сухостепных землях

Изобретение относится к области биомелиорации деградированных сельскохозяйственных земель. Способ включает изыскания, содержащие почвенные агромелиоративные обследования участка, при комплексной безраскопной диагностике аэрофотоснимками лазерной сканирующей системой и геофизическим маршрутным наземным безраскопным эхолокационным зондированием показателей состояния деградированных земель и с одновременным вводом полученных данных на магнитный носитель в базу ПК, картирование участка на ГИС, подготовку программы включения и выключения ею рабочих органов с пульта управления и связки координат через кодовый GPS приемник комбинированного агрегата с привязкой к географическим координатам и передачу результатов на управляющий процессор комбинированного агрегата, выполняющего последовательно одновременную обработку. Кроме того, выполняют адресное внесение мелиоранта, при этом подрезают слой почвы, одновременно разрыхляют почвенный и подпочвенный пограничные слои и подают в этот слой мелиорант – железный купорос, либо отработанный электролит, раствор серной кислоты, а в полости между подрезанным и обработанными с внесением на разъединенные комки химического мелиоранта слоями образуют 0,02-0,07 м прослойку из жидкого навоза. Проводят объемное подпочвенное рыхление и одновременно образуют на дне разрыхленного подсолонцового слоя полосовой водонепроницаемый в период атмосферных осадков и во время засухи проницаемый корнями растений водорегулирующий органоминеральный экран с укладкой органоминеральной смеси через полости разноглубинных от 0,35 до 0,55 м параболических стоек объемных рыхлителей и между ними под отвалы смеси при ее составе, об.%: растительные остатки и перегной – 33-50, монтмориллонит с микроэлементом молибденом – 3-10, смесь ила, алеврита, песка – 15-40, железный купорос – 0-15, глина – 15-37. Причем устраивают кулисы над экраном в почвенном слое и измельчают почвенные агрегаты, кустарниковую поросль и создают в почвенном слое кулисы 0,02-0,1 м прослойку из смеси ...

Co2 sequestering soil stabilization composition

CO 2 sequestering soil stabilization compositions are provided. The soil stabilization compositions of the invention include a CO 2 sequestering component, e.g., a CO 2 sequestering carbonate composition. Additional aspects of the invention include methods of making and using the CO 2 sequestering soil stabilization composition. The invention also comprises the method of stabilizing soil and producing a soil stabilized structure utilizing such compositions.

Formation grouting method and composition useful therefor

A method of grouting porous gas--and petroleum--bearing formations with a cementitious material comprising ultrafine ground slag is useful for primary and remedial cementing of a wellbore. A composition is provided which comprises water, a dispersant, slag and an accelerator to activate the slag.

Method of grouting porous gas- and petroleum-bearing formations

Firming composition for hardening weak ground using early-strength cement and industrial by-product of minerals and the manufacturing method thereof

PURPOSE: A solidifying composition for soft ground using early strength cement and industrial byproduct minerals is provided to be effectively used in soil improvement by using surface soil stabilization method during winter and to use massive industrial byproduct minerals, thereby reducing the cost of materials for solidification agent and keeping up with the current use trend of low-carbon materials. CONSTITUTION: A solidifying composition for soft ground using early strength cement and industrial byproduct minerals comprises 35 to 60 wt% early strength cement, 20 to 30 wt% ground granulated blast-furnace slag, 5 to 10 wt% fly ash, and 15 to 25 wt% desulfurized gypsum which is byproduct from steel production or oil refinery. The early strength cement is made by crushing gypsum mixed with early strength cement clinker which includes 0.65 to 0.85 wt% sulfur trioxide and has a lime saturation factor of 91.5 to 93.5% with respect to the total weight of the solidifying composition. The fineness of the early strength cement is 5,000 to 5,200 cm2/g.

Volcanic rock soil and its method

A method for preparing volcanic rock soil, and the volcanic rock soil prepared by the method are provided to improve the efficiency of the volcanic rock soil for air purification effect and plant growth promotion effect when applied to flowering grass. A method for preparing volcanic rock soil comprises the steps of (10) pulverizing volcanic rock by a certain size; (20) polishing the surface of the pulverized volcanic rock to obtain the volcanic rock by-product; (110) heating the volcanic rock by-product generated at the polishing step to remove the impurities and microorganism; (120) washing the heated volcanic rock by-product; and (130) drying the washed volcanic rock by-product.

Antibacterial porous ceramics and methods for preparing thereof

본 발명은 입제로 형성된 광물질에 무기항균제를 코팅하는 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 무기점토성 광물 분말을 입제화시킴과 함께 그 과정에서 액상의 백금, 은으로 이루어진 항균성 금속 나노 용액과 제올라이트 분말을 희석하여 하나의 바인더로 형성시킨 다음 상기 바인더를 무기점토성 광물 분말의 입제 표면에 코팅과 면처리 작업 후, 건조, 소성작업 하여 여러 가지 크기의 입제를 형성하는 수단을 통하여 수처리재 내지 토양개량재로 사용될 수 있는 입제로 형성된 광물질에 무기항균제를 코팅하는 제조방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 무기점토성 광물 분말을 입제 성형화시킨 후, 상기 성형 된 입제 표면에 무기항균제 제올라이트 분말과 액상의 백금, 은으로 이루어진 금속 나노 물질이 혼합된 바인더를 코팅함과 아울러 면처리와, 건조, 소성, 냉각, 선별 공정을 통하여 여러 가지 크기의 무기항균제가 코팅되어진 입제를 형성하는 수단을 통하여 수처리재 내지 토양개량재로 사용시 항균의 효과가 있어 대장균 등 다양한 균류를 억제할 수 있도록 구성되는 입제로 형성된 광물질에 무기항균제를 코팅하는 제조방법에 관한 것이다.

Iron/polydopamine/carbon composite catalyst with reduction and oxidation dual performance and preparation method and application thereof

本发明公开了一种具有还原和氧化双性能的铁/聚多巴胺/炭复合催化剂及其制备方法和应用，属于环境功能材料和催化技术领域。它包括Fe内核、聚多巴胺层和炭层，所述聚多巴胺层包覆于Fe内核外，所述炭层包覆于聚多巴胺层外；所述炭层的质量为M 3 ，聚多巴胺层的质量为M 2 ，Fe内核的质量为M 1 ，(1.59M 3 +M 2 )：M 1 ＝0.05～1；所述Fe内核包括零价的微米或纳米铁。本发明能将铁表面的Fe 3+ 还原，保持铁基材料的高还原性，同时还能提高电子从材料转移至目标污染物的传递效率，从而提高材料的还原和催化性能。

A kind of oxidation restorative procedure of iron-based biological Pd/carbon catalyst and contaminated soil

本发明涉及一种铁基生物炭催化剂及污染土壤的氧化修复方法，铁基生物炭催化剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：1)将花生壳粉末加入至可溶性铁盐溶液中，并进行搅拌，之后过滤并干燥，得到干燥样品；2)将干燥样品进行高温煅烧，得到Fe 3 O 4 @生物炭催化剂；氧化修复方法为：以Fe 3 O 4 @生物炭为催化剂，以ClO 2 为氧化剂，对工业场地多环芳烃污染土壤进行氧化修复。与现有技术相比，本发明制备出一种Fe 3 O 4 @生物炭催化剂，并基于该催化剂构建Fe 3 O 4 @生物炭/ClO 2 土壤多环芳烃催化氧化新体系，实现工业场地多环芳烃污染土壤的氧化修复，能够避免现有高级氧化体系的一些限制性因素，并克服工业场地土壤多环芳烃有效性差的困难，高效氧化工业场地多环芳烃，且对土壤无二次污染。

Solidification method of dredged soils and solidification agent for dredged soils

A special solidification agent is provided to solidify dredged soils to such an extent that the dredged soils can be utilized as building materials and the like, and a manufacturing method of dredged soils using the special solidification agent is provided. A solidification method of dredged soils comprises the steps of: (1) adding 20 to 35 weight parts of a sulfate compound into 100 weight parts of dredged soil to remove water contained in the dredged soil; and (2) adding a solidification agent comprising C4AF(calcium aluminoferrite) and Ca(OH)2 into the water-removed dredged soil to solidify the dredged soil. The dredged soil is marine dredged soil or river dredged soil having a water content of 40 to 150%. The sulfate compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium sulfate(CaSO4), potassium sulfate(K2SO4), sodium sulfate(Na2SO4), ferrous sulfate(FeSO4), ferric sulfate(Fe2(SO4)3), and hydrates thereof. The method comprises simultaneously adding the sulfate compounds and a strong alkali powder into the dredged soil in the step(1). The strong alkali powder is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, quicklime, slaked lime, and limestone.

Grout compositions containing functional nano composed inorganic power and grouting method of using it thereof

Provided are a grout composition comprising environment-friendly functional nano-composed inorganic powder which can absorb and intersect toxic substances of a blast furnace slag and to emit far infrared rays, and a grouting method using the same. A grout composition includes a grout solution comprising 100 weight parts of a blast furnace slag, 25 to 70 weight parts of inorganic powder(BMS), 1 to 35 weight parts of calcium carbonate and 150 to 250 weight parts of water, and a hardening agent comprising 50 to 70 weight parts of sodium silicate and 130 to 150 weight parts of water. The hardening agent can further comprise 10 to 15 weight parts of a hardener containing silica. The inorganic powder includes 100 weight parts of mineral powder, 0.1 to 10 weight parts of a functional light weight material containing hydrous mica and 30 to 250 weight parts of an inorganic binder selected from polydimethysiloxane, octyltriethoxysilane, water-soluble inorganic urethane binder and silicate-modified inorganic binder.

Preparation process and equipment of biochar for soil improvement

本发明公开用于土壤改良生物炭制备工艺及设备，包括吸附罐、储料仓、下料筒、间歇下料开关和驱动机构；吸附罐位于下料筒的下方，储料仓位于下料筒的上方，并且储料仓的出料口正对下料筒的进料口，间歇下料开关的驱动端与驱动机构驱动连接，间歇下料开关的执行端位于储料仓的出料口处，驱动机构驱动间歇下料开关的驱动端，使得间歇下料开关的执行端控制储料仓的出料口间歇性出料或停止出料，自储料仓的出料口流出的物料进入到下料筒内，并通过下料筒底部的下料管进入到吸附罐内；吸附罐内充填生物炭。采用本发明的设备和工艺不需要额外使用化学物质，并且不会产生大量废水的，并且可以使得被吸附物料粉与生物炭在吸附罐内能够吸附的更加均匀、充分。

Composition of material treating Sludge

본 발명은 90 내지 95중량%의 스테인리스 슬래그(Stainless Slag)와 잔량의 생석회 부산물을 함유하고 있음을 특징으로 하는 슬러지(Sludge) 처리제 조성물에 관한 것으로, 본 발명에 의하면 기존의 시멘트 및 생석회 계열의 알칼리계 고화제 사용에 따른 암모니아 악취발생 등의 문제점을 보완하고, 고함수율을 갖는 슬러지를 안정화함은 물론, 수분을 조기에 감소시켜 고결촉진을 도모하여 일반토양과 같은 성상으로 토질 역학적 강도를 지속적으로 유지시킴으로서 슬러지를 매립지의 복토재 및 토지개량제로서 유용하게 활용할 수 있도록 하였다. The present invention relates to a sludge treatment composition comprising 90 to 95% by weight of stainless slag and the remaining amount of quicklime by-products. It supplements problems such as ammonia odor caused by the use of system solidifying agent, stabilizes sludge with high water content, reduces moisture early, promotes solidification, and continuously improves soil mechanical strength with properties similar to that of general soil. By maintaining it, the sludge can be usefully used as cover material and land improvement system in landfills.

A kind of passivator and its application for faintly acid cadmium pollution soil

本发明公开了一种用于弱酸性镉污染土壤的钝化剂及其应用，所述钝化剂是由改性生物碳和氧化钙、钙镁磷肥和益土硅肥等矿质材料复配混合而成的，将该钝化剂撒施在弱酸性镉污染农田土壤表面，控制钝化剂的用量为土壤质量的1.5%以上，然后在地表20cm以上耕作层将土壤与钝化剂旋耕并保持田间最大持水量70%以上稳定十天，即完成对弱酸性镉污染土壤的原位修复；本发明钝化剂可有效降低土壤中有效态镉含量，恢复污染土地的农用功能，保证粮食安全，同该钝化剂含有大量有机质其它营养元素，可为农作物生长提供丰富的营养，且环境友好、修复率高、长期稳定性好，具有极高的应用推广价值。

A kind of high concentration petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil repair materials and application method

本发明涉及土壤修复领域，尤其是一种石油烃去除效率达到80％以上的高浓度石油烃污染土壤修复材料与使用方法。所述污染土壤修复材料为质量比为0.1～3的修复材料A:修复材料B组成；其中，所述修复材料A为氧化钙和/或过氧化钙，所述修复材料B为过硫酸盐、氢氧化钠和/或铁粉。

A kind of hollow porcelain particle and preparation method for soil remediation

本发明涉及土壤修复技术领域，公开了一种用于土壤修复的钛酸铋‑二硫化钼中空瓷化颗粒及制备方法。包括如下制备过程：（1）按照以下原料组份混合加热制得钛酸铋前驱体溶液：氧化铋32~40%、四氯化钛20~25%、去离子水30~45%、1,4‑丁二醇3~5%；（2）将二硫化钼加入到钛酸铋前驱体溶液，喷雾干燥得到钛酸铋‑二硫化钼复合颗粒，原料组份为：二硫化钼25~32%、钛酸铋前驱体溶液68~75%；（3）将复合颗粒升温焙烧，制得钛酸铋‑二硫化钼中空微球，即为用于土壤修复的光催化剂。本发明制备的光催化剂与普通光催化剂相比，比表面积大，晶相纯度高，结构稳定性好，光催化活性高，光催化效果好，土壤修复率高，并且对环境无污染，整个制备工艺简单，操作方便，原料易得，可重复利用，生产成本和使用成本低，具有极佳的经济优势和应用前景。

Solidifying agent and method for solidifying soft ground using the same

PURPOSE: An environmentally-friendly soil solidifying agent and a weak ground construction work using thereof are provided to prevent early strength degradation and obtain long term intensity stability. CONSTITUTION: An environmentally-friendly soil solidifying agent comprises 10-80 weight% of pozzolan material, 10-50 weight% of Portland cement, 1-30 weight% of gypsum, 1-5 weight% of alkaline, 1-10 weight% of quicklime or calcium hydroxide, and 3-10 weight% of iron oxide. The gypsum is one selected from a group consisting of anhydrous gypsum, hemihydrate, and gypsum dihydrate. The soil solidifying agent can be used to soil cement wall method of construction, deep aging disposal method, or superficial layer consolidating treatment method of construction.

Soil solidified manufacturing method

본 발명은 레드머드를 활용한 흙고화재 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 레드머드와 소각잔재와 탈황분진 등 산업부산물을 재활용할 수 있는 레드머드를 활용한 흙고화재 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의한 흙고화재 제조방법은 1) 함수율이 30중량% ~ 70중량%인 레드머드 100중량부에, 페트로 코우크스를 연소하는 소각로에서 발생하고 산화칼슘(CaO) 함량이 20중량% 이상인 페트로 코우크스 연소재 5~200중량부를 혼합하여 양생한 후 파쇄하여 레드머드 건조분말을 제조하는 단계; 및 2) 상기 레드머드 건조분말에 대하여 강도발현제를 혼합하는 단계;를 포함한다. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an earthen fire using red mud which can recycle industrial byproducts such as red mud, incineration residue, and desulfurization dust. The method for producing a dirt fire according to the present invention comprises the steps of: (1) mixing 100 parts by weight of red mud with a water content of 30% by weight to 70% by weight in petro fuels produced in an incinerator burning petro coke and having a calcium oxide (CaO) 5 to 200 parts by weight of a coke oven material is mixed and cured and crushed to prepare a red mud dry powder; And 2) mixing the strength modifier with the red mud dry powder.

Hydrothermal carbonation of plastic material

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Umsetzung von Kunststoffmaterial, wobei man ein wässriges Reaktionsgemisch, umfassend 1 bis 75 Gewichtsprozent Kunststoffmaterial bei einem Druck von 2 bis 60 Bar und einer Temperatur von 180 bis 250°C in Gegenwart eines Katalysator, der ausgewählt ist unter einer Säure, einer Base und/oder einem Katalysator auf Metallbasis oder Schwefelbasis, über einen Zeitraum von 0,1 bis 48 Stunden umsetzt und den erhaltenen Kohleschlamm gewinnt. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin den erhaltenen Kohleschlamm, optional in entwässerter Form, sowie Verwendungen dafür. The invention relates to a process for the conversion of plastic material, wherein an aqueous reaction mixture comprising 1 to 75 weight percent plastic material at a pressure of 2 to 60 bar and a temperature of 180 to 250 ° C in the presence of a catalyst which is selected from an acid , a base and / or a metal-based or sulfur-based catalyst, over a period of 0.1 to 48 hours, and the obtained coal sludge wins. The invention further relates to the resulting coal slurry, optionally in dewatered form, and uses therefor.

Hydrothermal carbonization of plastics material

The invention relates to a method for converting plastics material wherein an aqueous reaction mixture comprising 1 to 75 weight percent of plastics material, in which less than 10 weight percent of the plastics contained therein are polyhalogenated plastics, is reacted over a time period of 0.1 to 48 hours under a pressure of 2 to 60 bar and at a temperature of 180 to 250°C in the presence of a catalyst selected from an acid, a base and/or a metal-based or sulphur-based catalyst, and the resultant coal slurry is recovered. The invention further relates to the resultant coal slurry, optionally in dewatered form, and to uses for it.

The soil fill materials using product of industry

Disclosed is a ground-filling material using industrial byproducts, which comprises: a blast furnace slag fine powder which is a byproduct generated when a pig iron of a steel mill is manufactured; a strength reinforcing agent which is manufactured by a byproduct generated in an aluminum steelmaking process, and which is manufactured by completing an electric furnace slag charging step, a heating step, a steelmaking slag charging step, a quicklime charging step and an aluminum charging step, allowing melt inside a charging space to be tapped to the outside when a predetermined reaction time has elapsed, and forming the tapped melt in a powder form when the tapped melt reacts with air and is solidified; a fly ash which is a byproduct generated during fuel incineration of a hot combined power plant or a thermoelectric power plant, or generated in a sintering process of a steel mill; and a stimulating agent which induces a sulfate stimulus and a pozzolan reaction to generate a large amount of hydrated products to be hardened in a dense structure.

Solidification agent composition for improvement of weak ground and manufacturing method there, solidification agent thereby

The present invention relates to a solidification agent composition for ameliorating weak ground, a manufacturing method thereof and a solidification agent manufactured thereby. The present invention relates to the solidification agent composition for ameliorating weak ground, in which blast furnace slag, fly ash, lime, calcium aluminate, montmorillonite, kaolinite, talc, perlite, cermet, mica, sepiolite and a dry pigment are mixed, the manufacturing method thereof and the solidification agent manufactured thereby. The present invention can improve bearing power of soil, quick hardness, weight lightening and the like depending on characteristics of composition components.

A kind of great insect pest green prevention and control method of potato

本发明公开了一种马铃薯重大虫害绿色防控方法，包括以下措施：冬季将种植地深翻25cm至30cm，利用低温杀灭准备越冬的虫卵；播种前对种薯和种植地进行消毒处理；采用与薄荷间作套种的方式播种，并在种植地的周围种植薄荷带；播种后，选择雨后的黄昏，将斯氏线虫投入水中并喷向地面；发现温室白粉虱后，在种植地内释放人工繁殖的丽蚜小蜂；将大蒜捣碎后兑水，然后喷洒在马铃薯枝叶上。本方法，整个种植过程采用不会污染环境的消毒剂，不采用毒性猛烈的农药和杀虫剂，绿色环保，不会造成环境污染，避免农药超标、影响土质和环境等问题，且提高了经济效益，有利于生态种植的发展。

Hardening Material To Solidify Frail Ground

본 발명은 조강성이 우수하고 중금속 고정화 효과가 뛰어난 연약지반 보강용 고화재에 관한 것으로, CSA계 혼화재 : 5~30중량%, 천연무수석고 : 10~20중량%, 생석회(또는 소석회) : 1~10중량%, 고로슬래그 : 20~50중량%, 감수제 : 0.1~10중량% 및 불규화염 : 0.1~10중량%를 혼합하고, 상기 CSA계 혼화재는 Al 2 O 3 성분을 30~38% 함유하는 클린커를 분말도 약 4000~5500㎠/g가 되도록 분쇄한 것이며, 상기 고래슬래그의 분말도는 5000㎠/g 인 것을 특징으로 한다. The present invention relates to a solid foundation for reinforcing soft ground with excellent roughness and excellent effect of immobilizing heavy metals, CSA-based admixtures: 5-30% by weight, natural anhydrous gypsum: 10-20% by weight, quicklime (or slaked lime): 1 ~ 10% by weight, blast furnace slag: 20 to 50% by weight, water reducing agent: 0.1 to 10% by weight and non-sulfide salt: 0.1 to 10% by weight, the CSA-based admixture contains 30 to 38% of the Al 2 O 3 component The clinker is pulverized so as to have a powder degree of about 4000 to 5500 cm 2 / g, and the powder of the whale slag is 5000 cm 2 / g. 고화재, 중금속 Fire, Heavy Metals

Green house gas decreasing agent for soil treatment comprising bottom ash as an active ingredient

본 발명은 바텀애쉬를 토양에 처리함으로써 온실가스로서 지구온난화에 큰 영향을 미치는 토양내 발생하는 이산화탄소, 메탄가스 및 아산화질소의 발생량을 현저하게 감소시켜 온실가스의 저감으로 인한 지구온난화 방지 및 토양내 탄소저장량의 증가에 크게 기여할 수 있는 바텀애쉬를 활성성분으로 함유하는 토양처리용 온실가스저감제를 제공한다. The present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of generated carbon dioxide, methane gas, and nitrous oxide in a soil which significantly affects global warming as a greenhouse gas by treating bottom ash in the soil, thereby preventing global warming due to reduction of greenhouse gases, The present invention provides a greenhouse gas reducing agent for soil treatment containing a bottom ash as an active ingredient which can greatly contribute to an increase in carbon storage amount.

Method for obtaining ion exchange mixture "rekultivin"

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method for obtaining an ion-exchange mixture for permafrost soils is described. The method involves mixing 88 wt % of saturated clinoptilolite and 12 wt % of saturated anionite EDE-10P. Before mixing, initial clinoptilolite of the 0.3-0.4 mm fraction and anionite are subjected to pre-treatment which provides obtaining clinoptilolite saturated with specific biogenic cations and anionite saturated with certain ions of the biogenic elements. The invention provides an ion-exchange mixture saturated with the nutrient elements necessary for plants in the optimal ratio, taking into account the agrochemical properties of the initial permafrost soil. EFFECT: introducing said ion-exchange mixture into the permafrost sandy soil in the norms of 4-12 t per 1 ha for perennial grasses during reclamation results in increasing the fertility of this soil due to increasing the nutrient content in this soil with increasing the content of humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium, and with reducing the soil acidity. 3 cl, 1 tbl, 1 ex РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 618 701 C2 (51) МПК C09K 17/02 (2006.01) A01G 31/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2015123204, 17.06.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 17.06.2015 (72) Автор(ы): Тихановский Анатолий Николаевич (RU) (73) Патентообладатель(и): Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ямальская аграрная наука" (RU) Дата регистрации: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: RU 2115301 C1, 20.07.1998. RU Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 17.06.2015 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2017 Бюл. № 1 Адрес для переписки: 109456, Москва, Рязанский пр-кт, 75, корп. 4, 1-я башня, 7 этаж, КГ "Вайзэдвайс", ООО "ФПБ "ГАРДИУМ", пат. пов. Купцовой Е.В., рег. N 1264 2 6 1 8 7 0 1 (45) Опубликовано: 11.05.2017 Бюл. № 14 2538125 C1, 10.01.2015. RU ...

A method for preparing banking material using waste resources

PURPOSE: A manufacturing method of artificial soil is provided to moderately compose a pozzolan material and a curing agent composition, thereby manufacturing the environmental friendly artificial soil. CONSTITUTION: A manufacturing method of artificial soil comprises: a step of manufacturing a first mixture by mixing sludge and purified sludge; a step of manufacturing a second mixture by mixing the first mixture and polysilicon sludge; a step of mixing bottom ash into the second mixture to manufacture a third mixture; a step of mixing paper sludge ash into the third mixture to obtain a fourth mixture; a step of mixing calcium oxide into a fourth mixture, and curing the mixture to manufacture a fifth mixture; a step of mixing waste the fifth mixture, waste soil, or red mud to obtain a sixth mixture which is an artificial soil; and a step of mixing sulfite waste liquor into the sixth mixture.

Mortar composition for compaction grouting process using unsintered inorganic binder bottom ash

본 발명은 연약지반을 보강하거나 연약한 지반상의 구조물 침하를 방지하기 위하여, 또는 이미 침하가 이루어져 안전에 위협을 받는 지상 및 지중 구조물 및 설치물 등의 안전을 보장하기 위하여 기초를 보강하는 그라우팅 공법 중 슬럼프가 낮은 저유동성 모르타르를 주입재로 사용하는 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 모르타르 조성물에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 주입재인 저유동성 모르타르에 일반적인 결합재로 사용하는 포틀랜트 시멘트를 사용하지 않고 슬래그미분말 등의 비정질 물질을 활성화시켜 강도를 발현하고 동시에 고칼슘 플라이애시에 다량 함유된 CaO의 흡수, 발열반응과 체적팽창작용을 이용하여 시멘트 모르타르가 양생되면서 수축하는 특성을 보완하여 연약한 지반 개량의 성능을 크게 향상시키는 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 속경형 모르타르 조성물 조성물에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의한 콤팩션 그라우팅(Compaction Grouting) 공법용 모르타르 조성물은 골재로서 버텀애쉬 100중량부에 대하여 고로슬래그 미분말 10~20중량부 및 페트로 코우크스 탈황석고 5~15중량부를 포함한다. The present invention relates to a grouting method in which a foundation is reinforced in order to reinforce a soft ground or to prevent the settlement of a structure on a soft ground or to secure the safety of ground and underground structures and fixtures that have been already settled and are threatened with safety, The present invention relates to a mortar composition for a compaction grouting method using a low-fluidity mortar as an injection material, and more particularly to a mortar composition for a compaction grouting method using a low-fluidity mortar as an injection material. More specifically, It improves the performance of soft soil improvement by complementing the shrinkage properties of cement mortar by utilizing the absorption, exothermic reaction and volumetric expansion action of CaO contained in large amount in high calcium fly ash by activating amorphous material. Compaction Grouting (Com pumping grouting) method. The mortar composition for compaction grouting according to the present invention comprises 10 to 20 parts by weight of fine blast furnace slag and 5 to 15 parts by weight of petro coke desulfurization gypsum as 100 parts by weight of an ash aggregate as a bottom ash.

Process for using steelmaking slag

A process for making a binder from steelmaking slag. About 5-30 wt. % of a reforming agent selected from the group consisting of silicate rock, mineral, calamine, glass waste, foundry waste sand, waste brick, red mud, volcanic spouting matter, blast furnace slag, desilica slag, iron oxide and mixtures thereof is added to a molten steelmaking slag, causing a molten reaction forming a reacted steelmaking slag. The reacted steelmaking slag is rapidly cooled to form a powder. Iron is removed from the powder and the powder is then mixed with from about 3-5 wt. % of a powder selected from the group consisting of lime, plaster, cement and mixtures thereof, which can then be used as a binder for pellets or briquettes.

Soil stabilizer

본 발명은 토양 안정재에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 토양 안정재로 가장 널리 사용되는 1종 보통시멘트의 사용량을 최소화할 수 있고 순환 유동층 연소 보일러 고칼슘 연소재와 고형연료 연소재를 이용하여 1종 보통시멘트와 동등 이상 성능을 발현할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 폐자원의 적극적인 활용기술 개발로 천연자원 및 에너지 고갈 문제와 폐기물처리 문제에 의한 환경오염 문제를 동시에 해결할 수 있는 토양 안정재에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 의한 토양 안정재는 비표면적 2,000~6,000㎠/g인 순환유동층 보일러 고칼슘연소재 100중량부에 대하여, 비표면적 3,000~8,000㎠/g인 고형연료 연소재 5~100중량부와, 비표면적 3,000~8,000㎠/g 인 고로슬래그 미분말 50~1,000중량부, 비표면적 2,000~6,000㎠/g 인 스테인레스 정련슬래그 미분말 5~500중량부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.

Grouting material for geothermal heating and cooling and method of manufacture thereof

본 발명은 실리카 40 내지 50중량%, 벤토나이트 5 내지 10중량%, 물 40 내지 55중량%를 포함한 열전도도가 향상된 그라우팅 재료 및 상기 벤토나이트 함량 100중량부를 기준으로 0.2 내지 1.0중량부의 유동화제를 더 포함하여 낮은 점도를 가짐과 동시에 열전도도가 향상된 그라우팅 재료를 개시한다. The present invention further comprises a grouting material having improved thermal conductivity including 40 to 50% by weight of silica, 5 to 10% by weight of bentonite and 40 to 55% by weight of water and 0.2 to 1.0 part by weight of a fluidizing agent based on 100 parts by weight of the bentonite content Discloses a grouting material having a low viscosity and improved thermal conductivity.

Soil flushing method using water soluble aminoclay

본 발명은 중금속 오염토를 세척하는 방법에 관한 기술이다. 보다 상세하게는 수용성 아미노클레이 전구체를 이용하여 중금속 오염토를 세척하는 기술에 관한 것이다. 상기 아미노클레이는 마그네슘(Mg), 알루미늄(Al) 및 철(Fe)로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택된 어느 하나의 금속이 중앙 금속으로 합성된 것임을 특징으로 할 수 있다. 바람직하게는 상기 아미노클레이는 중금속인 카드뮴(Cd) 및 납(Pb)을 제거하는 것을 특징으로 할 수 있고, 상기 오염토 세척시 pH는 6~7인 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다. 보다 바람직하게는 상기 오염토 세척시 pH는 6.4 인 것을 특징으로 할 수 있다. The present invention relates to a method for cleaning heavy metal contaminated soil. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for washing heavy metal contaminated soil using a water-soluble aminoclay precursor. The amino clay may be characterized in that any one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) is synthesized as a central metal. Preferably, the amino clay may be characterized by removing cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), which are heavy metals, and may have a pH of 6-7 when the soil is washed. More preferably, when the soil is washed, the pH may be characterized in that 6.4.

The preparation method of the biological carbon modified material of phosphorus in a kind of removal eutrophication water

本发明提供一种去除富营养化水体中磷的生物炭改性材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：步骤一、对果壳生物炭原料进行水洗、干燥、自然风干、粉碎、过筛，获得生物炭粉末；步骤二、对处理好的生物炭粉末进行负载：将果壳生物炭粉末与铁锰混合溶液混匀，充分浸泡后过滤洗涤至滤液无色呈中性，然后进行烘干即得到所述生物炭改性材料。本发明制备的以果壳生物炭为原料的功能材料，通过对其改性处理，使果壳生物炭表面富集大量铁氧化物和锰氧化物，增强了对磷酸盐的化学吸附能力，大大提高了天然水体或废水中低浓度磷的去除率；本发明涉及的以果壳生物炭为原料的功能材料，对水中低浓度磷酸盐具有良好的吸附去除能力，也不会对水体造成二次污染。

The ground stabilization for which foundation improved material and this were used

본 발명은 해양지역 지반개량 및 보강공사 시공시 강알칼리촉진제(물유리 등) 및 시멘트를 사용하지 않고, 해양지역에서 쉽게 사용할 수 있는 해수를 이용하여 해수를 이용하여 산업부산물인 고로슬래그 미분말과 천연재료인 석회분말을 적정량 혼합하여 지반고결재를 제조함으로써, 해수를 용이하게 이용할 수 있고, 저발열화와 내해수성을 동시에 달성할 수 있으며, 지반고결재의 초기강도와 장기강도 및 해양에 무해한 지반고결재 및 이를 이용한 지반개량공법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. The present invention does not use strong alkali accelerator (water glass, etc.) and cement when constructing ground improvement and reinforcement of marine area, and using effluent slag powder and natural material as industrial by-product using seawater that can be easily used in marine area. By mixing a proper amount of lime powder to produce ground solids, seawater can be easily used, and low heat generation and seawater resistance can be achieved simultaneously.The initial strength and long-term strength of ground solids and ground solids harmless to the sea The purpose is to provide a ground improvement method. 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 지반고결재는 고로슬래그 미분말 30∼100 중량부, 석회분말 3∼25 중량부, 해수 28∼88 중량부로 구성됨을 특징으로 한다. Ground fixing material according to the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that the blast furnace slag fine powder 30 to 100 parts by weight, lime powder 3 to 25 parts by weight, seawater 28 to 88 parts by weight. 또한, 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 지반고결재를 이용한 지반개량공법은 지반고결재를 연약지반 개량용 또는 지반 보강공사 중 발생한 부상토를 재활용함으로써 폐기물 처리량을 극소화하고, 해양환경에 지장을 초래하지 않는 경제성이 있는 공법을 특징으로 한다. In addition, the ground improvement method using the ground fastening method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to minimize the waste throughput by recycling the ground fastening material for the improvement of the soft ground or to recycle the floating soil generated during the ground reinforcement work, and to interfere with the marine environment. It is characterized by an economic method that does not result in economics. 지반고결재, 연약지반개량공법 Ground Freezing, Soft Ground Improvement Method

A kind of cotton stalk anaerobic steam charing method

本发明提供了一种棉花秸秆无氧蒸气炭化方法，该方法包括：将棉花秸秆截成段材，将棉花秸秆段材浸泡在NH 4 Cl溶液中，将经浸泡的棉花秸秆段材取出，沥干，将沥干后的棉花秸秆段材置于容器中，采取水蒸气加热炭化，然后冷却至室温，洗涤并烘干，得到生物质炭。该方法获得的生物质炭具有良好的比表面积、孔隙结构和有机碳含量，在用于土壤改良时具有良好的改良效果。

A road packing materials

A soil conditioner for road is provided to improve environmental friendliness by using the soil of the spot and to standardize the composition of a soil conditioner and characteristics such as compression set. A soil conditioner comprises 90-100 parts by weight of the sieved soil of the spot; 7-9 parts by weight of sieved quicklime; 4-6 parts by weight of sieved bentonite; and 6-8 parts by weight of white cement, and shows a 28 days compression strength of 16 kg/cm^2 or more. Also the soil conditioner comprises 90-100 parts by weight of the unsieved soil of the spot; 8-10 parts by weight of sieved quicklime; 2-4 parts by weight of bentonite powder; and 2-4 parts by weight of common Portland cement, and shows a 28 days compression strength of 38 kg/cm^2 or more.

Method for recovering catalytic pyrolysis resources of oily sludge

本发明属于含油污泥资源化处理技术领域，公开了一种含油污泥催化热解资源回收的方法。在油泥中加入活化剂搅拌反应，反应浆液经蒸馏分离，液相回收去炼油装置，固相在空气气氛及200～400℃温度下热解得到固体；将热解后的固体与催化剂、活化剂和氧化剂加入到水中，搅拌混合均匀后在50～100℃反应，反应完成后过滤，得到滤液和滤渣；向滤液中加入盐酸，静置过滤，固体物经干燥得到腐植酸有机肥；所得滤渣经酸洗到中性，干燥得到土壤调理剂材料。本发明通过催化热解，高效、彻底地将油泥中的重组分有机物转化为可溶性小分子腐植酸，无机矿物质残渣用作土壤调理剂，实现了含油污泥资源化和无害化利用。

Composition for ground-improving material, grouting material comprising the same, and method of using the same

提供可在地基改良工程或截水工程等中广泛利用的、渗透性及耐水性优良的地基改良材料用组合物，以及使用该地基改良材料用组合物的具有向地基的高渗透性的灌浆材料。该地基改良材料用组合物的特征在于含有高炉灰，较好的是还含有硅粉，更好的是还含有水泥或氢氧化钙或者还含有水泥和碱增粘型合成胶乳。含有该地基改良材料用组合物的灌浆材料及该地基改良材料用组合物的使用方法。