Flat push coke wet quenching apparatus and process

A method and apparatus for quenching metallurgical coke made in a coking oven. The method includes pushing a unitary slab of incandescent coke onto a substantially planar receiving surface of an enclosed quenching car so that substantially all of the coke from the coking oven is pushed as a unitary slab onto the receiving surface of the quenching car. The slab of incandescent coke is quenched in an enclosed environment within the quenching car with a plurality of water quench nozzles while submerging at least a portion of the slab of incandescent coke by raising a water level in the quenching car. Subsequent to quenching the coke, the planar receiving surface is tilted to an angle sufficient to slide the quenched coke off of the planar receiving surface and onto a product collection conveyer and sufficient to drain water from the quenched coke.

Method and plant for the thermal treatment of organic matter in order to produce charchoal or char

The organic matter carbonization process is based on thermal treatment at high temperatures, under a controlled atmosphere, if possible in the absence of oxygen. The organic matter carbonization theory was expounded in this text, with emphasis on the thermodynamic aspects. It is shown in this exposition the important misfit between the endothermic and the exothermic carbonization stages, which hinders the use of the energy emitted during the exothermic stage by the brick kilns. Following there is a summary of the carbonization technique actual stage. The present invention relates to a method and plant for the thermal treatment of organic matter comprising independent reactors for the drying and pyrolysis of organic matter, and an independent reactor for the charcoal cooling. In this method the volatile products—non condensable gases and condensable pyrolytic vapors—are burned in an independent combustion chamber in order to supply the energy demanded by the process. In this way wood is not burned, and polluting substances are not emitted to the atmosphere. The method proposed by the present invention allows a precise control of the process in order to obtain the specified charcoal fixed carbon content; and a higher gravimetric yield, which gives an increase of the forest wood, either native or cultivated. In the independent pyrolysis and drying reactors proposed by the present invention, exiting flue gases from an external combustion chamber are driven to the drying reactor where the wood onto roll on buckets are heated and dried. Fuel gases emitted by the carbonizing wood are burned in the combustion chamber as an energy source. Inside the combustion chamber is placed a heat exchanger with the aim to reheat the pyrolytic gases. After reheated, these gases return to the carbonizing reactor in order to supply energy for the endothermic carbonizing step. The aim of this technique is to avoid the mixing of the fuel gases with the flue gases generated inside the ...

Coal processing to upgrade low rank coal having low oil content

A method of treating untreated low calorific coal containing moisture and organic volatiles includes feeding untreated coal to a dryer, and drying the coal. The dried coal is subjected to a pyrolyzing step where oxygen-deficient gases are brought into contact with the coal, thereby lowering the volatile content of the coal and producing a stream of pyrolysis effluent gases. The pyrolysis effluent gases are subjected to a separation process to separate lean fuel gases from liquids and tars, wherein the separation process removes less than about 20 percent of the pyrolysis effluent gases as the liquids and tars, with the remainder being the lean fuel gases. The lean fuel gases are returned to the dryer combustor, the pyrolyzer combustor, or the pyrolyzer.

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE THERMOCHEMICAL HARMONISING AND GASIFICATION OF WET BIOMASS

The invention relates to a device for producing an energy carrier and/or raw material carrier from moisture-containing and/or dry biomass with the aid of a heatable carbonisation reactor () having a closable inlet opening (). The biomass is converted in the carbonisation reactor () into a solid, pourable or gaseous energy carrier and/or raw material carrier and for interim storage of the energy carrier and/or raw material carrier is then delivered via a closable outlet opening () to a coolable tank () connected to the carbonisation reactor (). The tank () is connected to an adjoining heatable gasification reactor (), in which gas and waste substances, such as ash, are separated from the energy carrier. The device is characterised by the following features: a) the carbonisation reactor () is surrounded by a heating jacket to which external thermal energy is fed and to which further thermal energy at least from the gasification reactor () is fed; b) cooling energy is fed to the gasification reactor from a second tank or cooling tank (); c) water is fed to the second tank or cooling tank () in order to ensure an approximately constant humidity, at least for the charcoal production; d) reaction gas is fed from the carbonisation reactor () and/or the second tank or cooling tank () to a gas storage facility (). 1. A device for the thermochemical carbonization and gasification of wet and/or dry , biomass for producing an energy carrier and/or raw-material carrier by means of a heatable carbonization reactor having a closable inlet , in which the biomass is converted into a solid , pourable or gaseous energy carrier and/or raw-material carrier and is discharged via a closable outlet to a coolable vessel connected to the carbonization reactor for interim storage of the energy carrier and/or raw-material carrier , which is connected to a downstream gasification reactor , in which gas and waste substances , such as ash , are separated from the biomass , characterized by the ...

BIOCHAR MACHINE FOR TREATING RICE STRAW BALES

Biochar machine includes a sealed container for rice straw bales with two gates. The top gate is for rice straw feeding and the bottom gate for Biochar. The Biochar unit is equipped with a stirrer operated by an electric motor and a speed reduction unit. The Biochar unit is operated indirectly through a combustion chamber with a fuel burner to heat the sealed container from all sides indirectly. The gases produced as a result of heating the rice straw are collected and returned back to the combustion chamber through a blower. 13-. (canceled)4. A biochar machine comprising:{'b': '1', 'a sealable charring processing tank () for receiving and charring rice straw bales;'}{'b': 4', '1', '4', '1, 'an agitator () positioned in said sealable charring processing tank (), said agitator () configured to grind rice straw inside said sealable processing tank (); and'}{'b': 7', '1', '1, 'a water sprayers () positioned in said sealable charring processing tank () and configured to spray water inside said sealable processing tank ().'}511. The biochar machine according to claim 4 , wherein said sealable charring processing tank () has an opening in a lower part for exiting biochar said sealable charring processing tank () and an opening in an upper part for receiving said rice straw bales.651. The biochar machine according claim 4 , further comprising a combustion unit comprising a burner () for burning fuel adjacent to said sealable charring processing tank () in order to heat the rice straw air free claim 4 , from all directions.7. A method of forming biochar from rice straw bales comprising:{'claim-ref': {'@idref': 'CLM-00004', 'claim 4'}, 'introducing rice straw bales into the biochar machine according to that comprises a sealable charring processing tank by placing rice straw bales, without cutting, inside said sealable charring processing tank;'}sealing said sealable charring processing tank and subjecting said rice straw to a charring process to form biochar;grinding said ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BREAKING UP A FRESH AND HOT COKE CHARGE IN A RECEIVING TROUGH

A method and a device for breaking up a fresh and hot coke charge in a receiving trough having mobile plate segments, the coke charge being conveyed to a quenching tower in the receiving trough of a flatbed transport car in which the coke charge is cooled down to ambient temperatures by mobile plate segments so that the coke structure is broken up and crevice-type cavities are formed in the compacted coke charge. These crevice-type cavities then allow an increased amount of water to flow into the interior of the coke charge during the subsequent quenching step, resulting in a high profitability of the method, a higher coke quality and a reduced burden on the environment due to reduced quenching times and lower water consumption. A device for carrying out the method is also disclosed. 1. A Method for breaking up a fresh and hot coke batch in a receiving container , comprising:charging the coke-oven chamber of a heat-recovery or non-recovery-type coke-oven bank with coal for carbonisation, this coal being carbonised in operating cycles, andpushing the coke by a pusher machine in form of a compact and solid coke cake after the carbonisation process from the coke-oven chamber into the receiving container of a quenching car, andtransporting the coke in the quenching car to a quenching tower where it is cooled to ambient temperature by means of a cooling agent, andmoving the movable segments of a plate against one another above the bottom of the receiving container by a controllable driving unit shortly before or during the quenching process,so that the fresh coke batch rips up and forms additional gaps, channels and clear edge areas in the coke into which the cooling agent can flow from the cooling agent nozzles arranged above, and the cleared areas of the coke batch can be wetted by the cooling agent.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the surface segments are designed such that they can be moved horizontally against one another in longitudinal or transversal ...

INSULATING AND COOLING CRACKING DEVICE

An insulating and cooling cracking device includes a thermal cracking furnace accommodated therein. The insulating and cooling device has at least one cooling opening set on its side wall and at least one adiabatic cover. When the thermal cracking device is in heating, the adiabatic cover is closed. When the pyrolysis process is completed, the adiabatic cover is opened to allow the air to flow into one cooling opening. The air further flows through the surface of the thermal cracking furnace, and flows out from another cooling opening to achieve the advantage of more rapid cooling. 1. An insulating and cooling cracking device , comprising:an insulating and cooling device including a first cooling opening and a second cooling opening;a thermal cracking furnace accommodated in the insulating and cooling device, a space being provided between the thermal cracking furnace and an interior of the insulating and cooling device, the space defining an air flowing channel, wherein the air flowing channel connects to the first cooling opening and the second cooling opening;a first adiabatic cover selectively covering the first cooling opening; anda second adiabatic cover selectively covering the second opening.2. The insulating and cooling cracking device according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling opening and the second cooling opening are provided on opposite side walls of the insulating and cooling device claim 1 , respectively.3. The insulating and cooling device according to claim 2 , wherein the first cooling opening faces directly opposite to the second cooling opening.4. The insulating and cooling cracking device according to claim 2 , wherein a height difference along an axial direction of the insulating and cooling device exists between the first cooling opening and the second cooling opening.5. The insulating and cooling cracking device according to claim 1 , further comprising a cooling fan fixed to the insulating and cooling device claim 1 , the cooling fan ...

Process for producing high-carbon biogenic reagents

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

Closed Coke Slurry System and Method for Gaining Sellable Petroleum Coke Pieces Out of Solidified Petroleum Coke in a Coke Drum Unit

A closed system for gaining sellable petroleum coke pieces out of solidified petroleum coke in a coke drum unit, comprises a coke drum unit containing solidified petroleum coke; a coke crushing unit for crushing petroleum coke into sellable petroleum coke pieces; a closed slurry pipe leading petroleum coke slurry to a closed slurry pit; a dewatering bin unit for receiving petroleum coke slurry from the slurry pit, for collecting the sellable petroleum coke pieces and for leading filtered water and petroleum coke fines out of it; a closed drain water pit, separate from the slurry pit, for receiving the filtered water and the petroleum coke fines from the dewatering bin unit; a water settling tank receiving the filtered water and the petroleum coke from the drain water pit and for separating the petroleum coke fines from the water such that the petroleum coke fines collect in the bottom part of the water settling tank, and for leading the petroleum coke fines into the slurry pit where they mix with the petroleum coke slurry; a clean water tank for receiving the purified water from the upper part of the water settling tank; and a removal unit for removing the sellable petroleum coke pieces from the dewatering bin unit. 1. A closed system for gaining sellable petroleum coke pieces out of solidified petroleum coke in a coke drum unit , comprisinga coke drum unit for containing the solidified petroleum coke;a coke crushing unit for crushing petroleum coke into sellable petroleum coke pieces;a closed slurry pipe leading petroleum coke slurry to a closed slurry pit;a dewatering bin unit with dewatering bins configured to receive the petroleum coke slurry from the slurry pit, to collect the sellable petroleum coke pieces,a water settling tank;a clean water tank configured to receive purified water from an upper part of the water settling tank; anda removal unit configured to remove the sellable petroleum coke pieces from the dewatering bin unit;wherein the dewatering bins ...

Biogenic activated carbon and methods of making and using same

Biogenic activated carbon compositions disclosed herein comprise at least 55 wt % carbon, some of which may be present as graphene, and have high surface areas, such as Iodine Numbers of greater than 2000. Some embodiments provide biogenic activated carbon that is responsive to a magnetic field. A continuous process for producing biogenic activated carbon comprises countercurrently contacting, by mechanical means, a feedstock with a vapor stream comprising an activation agent including water and/or carbon dioxide; removing vapor from the reaction zone; recycling at least some of the separated vapor stream, or a thermally treated form thereof, to an inlet of the reaction zone(s) and/or to the feedstock; and recovering solids from the reaction zone(s) as biogenic activated carbon. Methods of using the biogenic activated carbon are disclosed.

Mobile charcoal/biochar production and pelletizer system and method thereof

Embodiments of the invention provide a portable charcoal system and method of operating thereof, wherein the portable charcoal system comprises a first compartment adapted to burn a material, a second compartment connected to the first compartment and adapted to receive the material from the first compartment, and a third compartment adapted to receive the material from the second compartment, the third compartment comprising an auger adapted to move the material from a back end to a front end, and out of the third compartment. The portable charcoal system further includes a source of air.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHARCOAL

A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of: a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material, b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically, c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted to the material of the full stream and to the shape of the flow cross-section of the reduction unit in such a way that a stable fixed bed kept in suspension is formed in the reduction unit, d) removing the raw charcoal from the reduction unit via an overflow, e) separating gaseous components in a hot gas filter and collecting the charcoal, and f) quenching the collected charcoal with water. 1. A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of:a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material,b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically,c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCING THE ENERGY CONTENT OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FROM PYROLYSIS

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 171-. (canceled)72. A process for producing a high-carbon biogenic reagent , said process comprising:(a) providing a carbon-containing feedstock comprising biomass;(b) optionally drying said feedstock to remove at least a portion of moisture contained within said feedstock;(c) optionally deaerating said dried feedstock to remove at least a portion of interstitial oxygen, if any, contained with said feedstock;(d) in a pyrolysis zone, pyrolyzing said feedstock in the presence of a substantially inert gas for at least 10 minutes at a pyrolysis temperature from about 250° C. to about 700° C., to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases;(e) separating at least a portion of said condensable vapors and at least a portion of said non-condensable gases from said hot pyrolyzed solids;(f) in a cooling zone, cooling said hot pyrolyzed solids, in the presence of said substantially inert gas for at least 5 minutes at a cooling temperature less than said pyrolysis temperature, to generate warm ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MAINTAINING A HOT CAR IN A COKE PLANT

The present technology describes various embodiments of systems and methods for maintaining a flat push hot car. In some embodiments, the flat push hot car includes an at least partially enclosed hot box having an interior portion, an exterior portion, a base, and a plurality of sidewalls extending upward from the base. The hot box can he coupled to or integrated with a fluid distribution system. The fluid distribution system can include a spray manifold having one or more inlets configured to release a fluid directed toward the sidewalls of the interior portion so as to provide regional cooling to the hot box. 125-. (canceled)26. A hot car for use in a coke plant , the hot car comprising:a hot box including a base, and a pair of opposing sidewalls extending vertically upward from and orthogonal to a surface of the base, the base and sidewalls defining an interior portion of the hot box; anda fluid distribution system positioned over the hot box and configured to receive a cooling fluid from a fluid source, the fluid distribution system comprising a plurality of fluid inlets spaced apart from one another, the fluid inlets being configured to disperse the cooling fluid over at least a region of the interior portion of the hot box.27. The hot car of claim 26 , wherein the hot box further comprises a ceiling of extending at least between the opposing walls of the hot box claim 26 , the ceiling being curved such that peripheral portions of the ceiling are closer to the base than an intermediate portion of the ceiling.28. The hot car of claim 27 , wherein at least some of the fluid inlets have a lowermost portion extending vertically beyond an interior surface of the ceiling.29. The hot car of claim 27 , wherein at least some of the fluid inlets have a lowermost portion that is above an interior surface of the ceiling.30. The hot car of claim 26 , wherein at least some of the fluid inlets extend through one of the sidewalls.31. The hot car of claim 26 , wherein the fluid ...

Process for producing high-carbon biogenic reagents

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

SYSTEMS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into highcarbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. 1. A high-carbon biogenic reagent production system , said system comprising:(a) a material feed system configured to introduce a carbon-containing feedstock;(b) an optional dryer, disposed in operable communication with said material feed system, configured to remove moisture contained within a carbon-containing feedstock;(c) a multiple-zone reactor, disposed in operable communication with said material feed system or said dryer (if present), wherein said multiple-zone reactor contains at least one pyrolysis zone disposed in operable communication with a spatially separated cooling zone, and wherein said multiple-zone reactor is configured with an outlet to remove condensable vapors and non-condensable gases from solids;(d) a cooler, disposed in operable communication with said multiple-zone reactor; and(e) a carbon recovery unit, disposed in operable communication with said cooler.2. The system of claim 1 , said system further comprising a preheating zone claim 1 , disposed in operable communication with said pyrolysis zone.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein each of said at least one pyrolysis zone claim 2 , said cooling zone claim 2 , ...

SUPPORT SKIRT FOR COKING DRUM

An apparatus for improving thermal-mechanical stress resistance in a delayed coking drum having a drum shell. The apparatus includes a support skirt section configured to mount to and to assist in supporting the coking drum above a ground surface. A joining edge joins the support skirt section to an exterior portion of the drum shell. A T-shaped slot is formed in the support skirt section and is located proximate the joining edge. The T-shaped slot may be formed by a vertical slot portion and a horizontal slot portion joined together as a single slot. 1. An apparatus for improving thermal-mechanical stress resistance in a delayed coking drum having a drum shell , the apparatus comprising:a support skirt section configured to mount to and to assist in supporting the coking drum above a ground surface;a joining edge for joining the support skirt section to an exterior portion of the drum shell; anda T-shaped slot formed in the support skirt section and located proximate the joining edge.2. The apparatus of wherein the T-shaped slot is formed by a vertical slot portion and a horizontal slot portion joined together as a single slot.3. The apparatus of wherein the T-shaped slot is formed by a vertical slot portion having a vertical section formed by sides; and a first horizontal slot portion having left and right ends that are separated by a horizontal section claim 1 , and wherein the horizontal section includes: left and right first horizontal faces joined by shoulders to the sides of the vertical section claim 1 , and a second horizontal face that is located opposite the first horizontal faces.4. The apparatus of wherein the vertical section of the vertical slot portion is centered between the left and right ends of the first horizontal slot portion.5. The apparatus of wherein at least one of the left and right ends of the first horizontal slot portion is curved.6. The apparatus of wherein both the left and right ends of the first horizontal slot portion are curved.7. ...

Apparatus and process for continuous carbonisation of wood chips or wastes and other charring organic materials

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the production of charcoal from wood chips or other particulate organic waste material. The quality of charcoal produced is suitable for use in applications such as chemical reagents, fuels, and as absorbents. The reaction vessel defines a flow path extending from the input to the vessel, through to the output from the vessel, in which the thermal decomposition of the organic material progresses as the organic material passes through the reaction vessel. The vessel includes a reaction zone for autogenous reaction of organic material in a reaction bed of the organic material, and a cooling zone having at least one inlet for supplying cooling gas into the reaction bed and an outlet to extract heated gas from the reaction bed.

COMPACT AND MAINTAINABLE WASTE REFORMATION APPARATUS

Methods and apparatus for compact and easily maintainable waste reformation. Some embodiments include a rotary oven reformer adapted and configured to provide synthesis gas from organic waste. Some embodiments include a rotary oven with simplified operation both as to reformation of the waste, usage of the synthesized gas and other products, and easy removal of the finished waste products, preferably in a unit of compact size for use in austere settings. Yet other embodiments include Fischer-Tropsch reactors of synthesized gas. Some of these reactors include heat exchanging assemblies that provide self-cleaning effects, efficient utilization of waste heat, and ease of cleaning.

SOLID INERT RESIDUE (SIR) DRYER AND EXTRACTOR SYSTEM

Plastic conversion vessels such as pyrolytic reactors convert plastic waste materials such as polymers, or hydrocarboneous material, or both, via in situ chemical reactions comprising cracking, recombination, reforming, recracking, and the like, to usable chemical compounds such as naphtha, diesel fuel, heavy oil, wax, and the like. Inherent within the polymers and/or carbonaceous material are generally solid, inert residues such as various fillers, pigments, flame retardants, silica, aluminum, talc, glass, clay, and so forth. Such solid inert residues (SIR) must be treated to remove residual volatile organic material therefrom in order to meet acceptable environmental standards and/or limits. A heated dryer for treating the SIR comprises heating units to remove excessive volatile organic material therefrom as when moved along a conveyor that transfers said material to a collection area. The collection area comprises one or more pistons that are capable of compacting and discharging said SIR material. Another collection area embodiment comprises a plurality of plungers that transfer the SIR material from said collection area to a plunger collection area, and subsequently to a collection container. 1. A solid inert residue (SIR) dryer , comprising:said dryer having one or more heating units and one or more drying substrates, said dryer capable of heating and drying a SIR on said substrate and removing a substantial amount of volatile organic material therefrom;said substrate capable of transferring said dried SIR to a collection area; andsaid collection area comprising a compaction system for compacting said dried solid inert residue.2. The SIR dryer of claim 1 , wherein said substrate comprises a container claim 1 , a metal tray claim 1 , a metal sheet claim 1 , a screen claim 1 , or a conveyor belt claim 1 , or any combination thereof.3. The SIR dryer of claim 2 , wherein said substrate is said conveyor belt.4. The SIR dryer of claim 1 , wherein said collection ...

Delayed coke drum quench systems and methods having reduced atmospheric emissions

Systems and methods for reducing atmospheric emission of hydrocarbon vapors by flashing off hydrocarbon vapors in an overflow drum where the pressure is ultimately reduced to 0 psig and then flashing off any remaining hydrocarbon vapors in an overflow tank wherein the pressure in the overflow tank is reduced to 0 psig by an overflow ejector.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING COKE PLANT OPERATION AND OUTPUT

The present technology is generally directed to methods of increasing coke production rates for coke ovens. In some embodiments, a coal charging system includes a false door system with a false door that is vertically oriented to maximize an amount of coal being charged into the oven. A lower extension plate associated with embodiments of the false door is selectively, automatically extended beyond a lower end portion of the false door in order to extend an effective length of the false door. In other embodiments an extension plate may be coupled with an existing false door having an angled front surface to provide the existing false door with a vertically oriented face. 1. A coal charging system , the system comprising:an elongated charging frame; anda charging head operatively coupled with the distal end portion of the elongated charging frame;an elongated false door frame having a distal end portion, proximal end portion, and opposite sides; anda generally planar false door operatively coupled with the distal end portion of the elongated false door frame; the false door having an upper edge portion, lower edge portion, opposite side portions, a front face, and a rearward face;the front face of the false door residing within a false door plane that is substantially vertical.2. The coal charging system of further comprising:a lower extension plate operatively coupled with the front face of the false door; the lower extension plate being selectively, vertically moveable with respect to the false door between retracted and extended positions; wherein at least one extended position disposes a lower edge portion of the lower extension plate below the lower edge portion of the false door such that an effective height of the false door is increased.3. The coal charging system of further comprising:a linkage arm assembly operatively coupled with the lower extension plate and at least one power cylinder that may be selectively activated to move the lower extension plate ...

FEEDSTOCK DELIVERY SYSTEM HAVING CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCK SPLITTER AND GAS MIXING

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 12000201101100104104104. A feedstock delivery system () for supplying bulk carbonaceous material (B-) to an interior () of a first reactor () having a longitudinal reactor axis (AX) and a plurality of reactor feedstock inputs (A , B , C) , the feedstock delivery system comprising:{'b': 2', '1', '2', '03', '2', '01', '2', '1', '2', '01', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '07', '2', '09', '2', '11, '(a) a first splitter (B) having a splitter input (B-) through which bulk carbonaceous material (B-) is received, the first splitter (B) configured to split the received bulk carbonaceous material (B-) into a first plurality of carbonaceous material streams (B-A, B-B, B-C), each stream exiting the first splitter via a splitter output (B-, B-, B-);'}{'b': 2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '1', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02', '2', '02, 'claim-text': [{'b': '00', '(b1) a mixing chamber (G);'}, {'b': 1', '2', '21', '20', '19', '21', '20', '19, '(b2) a first isolation valve (VG) and a second isolation (VG ...

METHOD FOR FORMING A PLURALITY OF PLUGS OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL

A feedstock delivery system transfers a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas generation system. The feedstock delivery system includes a splitter for splitting bulk carbonaceous material into a plurality of carbonaceous material streams. Each stream is processed using a weighing system for gauging the quantity of carbonaceous material, a densification system for forming plugs of carbonaceous material, a de-densification system for breaking up the plugs of carbonaceous material, and a gas and carbonaceous material mixing system for forming a carbonaceous material and gas mixture. A pressure of the mixing gas is reduced prior to mixing with the carbonaceous material, and the carbonaceous material to gas weight ratio is monitored. A transport assembly conveys the carbonaceous material and gas mixture to a first reactor where at least the carbonaceous material within the mixture is subject to thermochemical reactions to form the product gas. 1. A method for forming a new plug of densified carbonaceous material in a cylinder already having a series of previously formed plugs pressed together , and supplying a leading plug of said series of previously formed plugs to a pressurized first reactor ,{'b': 30', '19', '2', '01', '45, 'claim-text': 'the method comprising:', 'the cylinder (D) comprising a first opening (D) through which carbonaceous material (D-) is introduced into the cylinder, and a first output (D) through which the leading plug is supplied to the pressurized first reactor;'}{'b': '19', '(a) introducing, via the first opening (D), a quantity of carbonaceous material having a density of 4 pounds per cubic foot to 50 pounds per cubic foot;'}(b) while said plurality of previously formed plugs are prevented from advancing within the cylinder, compressing said carbonaceous material (D+1) against a nearest plug of said plurality of previously formed plugs, to thereby form a new plug against said plurality of previously formed ...

BIOGENIC ACTIVATED CARBON AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING SAME

Biogenic activated carbon compositions disclosed herein comprise at least 55 wt % carbon, some of which may be present as graphene, and have high surface areas, such as Iodine Numbers of greater than 2000. Some embodiments provide biogenic activated carbon that is responsive to a magnetic field. A continuous process for producing biogenic activated carbon comprises countercurrently contacting, by mechanical means, a feedstock with a vapor stream comprising an activation agent including water and/or carbon dioxide; removing vapor from the reaction zone; recycling at least some of the separated vapor stream, or a thermally treated form thereof, to an inlet of the reaction zone(s) and/or to the feedstock; and recovering solids from the reaction zone(s) as biogenic activated carbon. Methods of using the biogenic activated carbon are disclosed. 110-. (canceled)11. A biogenic activated carbon composition comprising , on a dry basis , at least about 85 wt % total carbon , at most about 15 wt % hydrogen , and at most about 1 wt % nitrogen; andwherein the activated carbon composition is characterized by an Iodine Number of at least about 1500.121. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at least about 95 wt % carbon.131. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at most about 0.5 wt % nitrogen.141. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at most about 5 wt % hydrogen.151. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen.161. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus.171. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising , on a dry basis , at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur.181. The biogenic activated carbon composition of claim , comprising an additive selected from an acid , a ...

Method of Torrefacation of a Biomass Comprising the Step of Cooling the Torrefaction

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for torrefaction of a biomass. Said method and arrangements allows for precise control of torrefaction temperature, which is crucial for accurate control of the quality and properties of the torrefied material. The method comprising a step of cooling the torrefaction reaction so as to at least partly counteract a temperature increase derived from the exothermic torrefaction reactions 1. A method of torrefaction of a dried and heated biomass , comprising the step of cooling a torrefaction reaction so as to at least partly counteract a temperature increase derived from exothermic torrefaction reactions , wherein the biomass is woody biomass from spruce or eucalyptus.2. A method according to wherein a temperature of the torrefaction reaction is controlled using means for cooling and an optional means for heating.3. A method according to wherein the means for cooling and heating are interchangeable.4. A method according to wherein the means for heating and/or cooling is represented by heat exchangers.5. A method according to wherein a temperature of the biomass during the torrefaction reaction is kept within a temperature range of 50° C.6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a residence time of the dried and heated biomass in the torrefaction reaction is controlled separately from a residence time in a heating step preceding the torrefaction reaction.7. A torrefaction arrangement comprising at least one torrefaction zone wherein the torrefaction zone comprises means for cooling and an optional means for heating and wherein the means for cooling is connected to a vessel or arrangement containing a cooling media claim 1 , which cooling media is water.8. A torrefaction arrangement according wherein the means for cooling and heating are interchangeable.9. A torrefaction arrangement according to wherein the means for heating and/or cooling are heat exchangers.10. A torrefaction arrangement according to further ...

Industrial process using a forced-exhaust metal furnace and mechanisms developed for simultaneously producing coal, fuel gas, pyroligneous extract and tar

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions.

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING A FORCED-EXHAUST METAL FURNACE AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions. 1. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production of coal , fuel gas , pyroligneous extract and tar , characterized by having a carbonization system comprising a movable support base , which comprises a metal ring guides for furnace positioning , truncated cone and weighing system and mechanisms for locking the furnace on the ring; condensable recovery equipment , which comprises an expansion box with independent outlets for the gases and condensable , filter and storage tank; safety device for pressure relief , which comprises a hinged door and chimney; exhauster and gases and vapors conducting ducts.2. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production ...

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING A FORCED-EXHAUST METAL FURNACE AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyroligneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions. 1. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concomitant production of coal , fuel gas , pyroligneous extract and tar , characterized by a charcoal production process consisting of loading the biomass from the upper part of the furnace , cover and seal the top cover , with the aid of specific devices for attaching the cover to the furnace , and then moving the furnace for the movable support base , locking the furnace thereon , wherein the process of carbonization is started by ignition and exhaust and the heating of the furnace is conducted so as to obtain in all its volume a temperature above 350° C. and weight close to stipulated coal yield.2. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed ...

Methods and apparatus for enhancing the energy content of carbonaceous materials from pyrolysis

Processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas is employed to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

MOBILE CHARCOAL/BIOCHAR PRODUCTION AND PELLETIZER SYSTEM AND METHOD THEREOF

Embodiments of the invention provide a portable charcoal system and method of operating thereof, wherein the portable charcoal system comprises a first compartment adapted to burn a material, a second compartment connected to the first compartment and adapted to receive the material from the first compartment, and a third compartment adapted to receive the material from the second compartment, the third compartment comprising an auger adapted to move the material from a back end to a front end, and out of the third compartment. The portable charcoal system further includes a source of air. 1. A method of continuously producing charcoal from a portable burn system , the method comprising the steps of:initiating a combustion process of biomass within a burn compartment;directing a stream of air from a source of air to at least one compartment of the portable burn system;burning the biomass inside the burn compartment to produce an amount of charcoal;transferring the amount of charcoal from the burn compartment to an extruding compartment through a collection compartment; andquenching and extruding the charcoal in the extruding compartment.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of cutting the charcoal into a pellet.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the charcoal is quenched with a heat conductive medium.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the heat conductive medium is water.5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the heat conductive medium comprises at least one additive.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of a fertilizer and a binder.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of drying the charcoal.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the charcoal is dried using heat generated in the step of burning the biomass inside the burn compartment.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises the step of packaging the charcoal.10. The method ...

COOLER FOR CARBON-BASED FEEDSTOCK PROCESSING SYSTEM

A cooler for cooling product pursuant to a distillation process, including a first substantially enclosed housing with an inlet proximate a first end for receiving product from a distillation unit, and an outlet proximate a second end for discharging cooled product, and a first auger substantially enclosed within the housing for driving the product from the inlet to the outlet, the auger having a helical blade circumscribing a perforated central hollow shaft for transmitting cooled gas into the housing to help cool product within the housing. 1. A cooler for cooling product pursuant to a distillation process , the cooler comprising:a first substantially enclosed housing with an inlet proximate a first end for receiving product from a distillation unit, and an outlet proximate a second end for discharging cooled product; anda first auger substantially enclosed within the housing for driving the product from the inlet to the outlet, the auger having a helical blade circumscribing a perforated central hollow shaft for transmitting cooled gas into the housing to help cool product within the housing.2. The cooler of claim 1 , further comprising:a first exhaust port attached to the housing to exhaust gases from within the housing to a location outside the housing.3. The cooler of claim 1 , wherein the housing has hollow walls for circulating cooling fluid so that the housing acts as a heat exchanger to help cool product within the housing.4. The cooler of claim 1 , further comprising:a second substantially enclosed housing with an inlet proximate a first end for receiving product from the first substantially enclosed housing, and an outlet proximate a second end for discharging cooled product; anda second auger substantially enclosed within the second substantially enclosed housing for driving the product from the inlet to the outlet, the second auger having a helical blade circumscribing a perforated central hollow shaft for transmitting cooled gas into the second ...

WET QUENCHING TOWER FOR QUENCHING HOT COKE

A wet quenching tower for quenching hot coke, including a quenching chamber, having a quenching spray device above the quenching chamber for dispensing quenching water, having a flue placed on the quenching chamber, and having at least one separating device which is arranged horizontally or at a slanted angle relative to the vertical, which can be vertically permeated, and which has a plurality of lamellae. Each of the lamellae has a non-branching cross-section, flow paths being formed between each two adjacent lamellae. The flow paths formed between each two lamellae change direction multiple times and correspondingly have a serpentine shape. A method for quenching coke using the aforementioned wet quenching tower is also disclosed. 123242678787. A wet quenching tower for quenching hot coke , with a quenching chamber () , with a quenching shower unit () above the quenching chamber () for the discharge of quenching water , with a chimney () placed onto the quenching chamber () , and with at least one vertical-throughflow separation device () which is arranged horizontally or at an oblique angle to the vertical and which has a multiplicity of lamellae () , each with a branch-free cross section , flow paths () being formed in each case between two adjacent lamellae () , characterized in that the flow paths () formed in each case between two lamellae () change their direction more than once.28. The wet quenching tower as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the flow paths () have an approximately uniform width along their course.37. The wet quenching tower as claimed in or claim 1 , characterized in that the lamellae () have in cross section a wave shape with at least two turning points.47. The wet quenching tower as claimed in one of to claim 1 , characterized in that the lamellae () have an essentially uniform thickness along their cross section.553. The wet quenching tower as claimed in one of to claim 1 , characterized by a spraying device () arranged above ...

COOLING APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZED BIOMASS

An apparatus including a carbonizing furnace for obtaining a carbonized biomass by carbonizing a molded biomass and classification means disposed at the downstream side of the carbonizing furnace for classifying the carbonized biomass, and cooling means disposed at the downstream side of the classification means for cooling the classified carbonized biomass. The molded biomass is obtained by molding pulverized raw biomass and the cooling means cools the carbonized biomass by spraying water. 1. A cooling apparatus for carbonized biomass , comprising:a carbonizing furnace for obtaining carbonized biomass by carbonizing molded biomass,a classification section, disposed at downstream side of the carbonizing furnace, for classifying the carbonized biomass, anda cooler, disposed at downstream side of the classification section, for cooling the classified carbonized biomass,wherein the molded biomass is obtained by molding pulverized raw biomass, andthe cooler cools the carbonized biomass by spraying water thereon.2. The cooling apparatus for carbonized biomass according to claim 1 , whereinthe cooler comprises a vibration flat plate and a spraying section for spraying water on the flat plate,wherein the flat plate is a metal plate or a resin plate, and the carbonized biomass is transported by vibration.3. The cooling apparatus for carbonized biomass according to claim 2 , further comprisinga thermometer for measuring temperature at an outlet of the carbonizing furnace, anda controller for stopping the spraying section if temperature measured by the thermometer is a predetermined value or lower.4. The cooling apparatus for carbonized biomass according to claim 3 , wherein the thermometer can directly measure temperature of the carbonized biomass.5. The cooling apparatus for carbonized biomass according to claim 1 , further comprising a separating section for separating the classification section and the cooler. The present invention relates to a cooling apparatus for ...

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRODUCING AN ENHANCED SURFACE AREA BIOCHAR PRODUCT

Herein disclosed are apparatus and associated methods related to producing an enhanced surface area biochar product with a desired activation level based on receiving biochar into a processing vessel configured with multiple independently temperature-controlled chambers and counter-flow steam injection, controlling activation levels of the biochar by moving the biochar through the processing vessel and adjusting the temperature of the biochar by injecting steam into at least one temperature-controlled chamber of the processing vessel, recovering volatiles driven off through dehydration using a thermal oxidizer, cooling the biochar to a desired discharge temperature using steam and retention time, and discharging the activated biochar product. The processing vessel may be a calciner, a rotary calciner, or a kiln. Biochar may be heated or cooled to a desired thermochemical processing temperature depending on the temperature of the received biochar. Counter-flow saturated steam may sweep volatile gases to a thermal oxidizer using a vacuum system. 1. A method comprising:{'b': 809', '803, 'receiving biochar () into a processing vessel () configured with multiple independently temperature-controlled chambers and counter-flow steam injection;'}{'b': 809', '809', '803', '809', '831', '803, 'controlling activation levels of the biochar () by moving the biochar () through the processing vessel () and adjusting the temperature of the biochar () by steam () injection into at least one temperature-controlled chamber of the processing vessel ();'}{'b': '505', 'recovering volatiles driven off through dehydration using a thermal oxidizer ();'}{'b': 809', '831, 'cooling the biochar () to a desired discharge temperature using steam () and retention time; and'}{'b': '833', 'discharging an activated biochar product ().'}2809809600. The method of claim 1 , wherein receiving biochar () further comprises receiving biochar () from a downdraft gasifier ().3803. The method of claim 1 , ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCING THE ENERGY CONTENT OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FROM PYROLYSIS

Processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas is employed to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 BtU/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 171-. (canceled)72. A process for producing a high-carbon biogenic reagent , the process comprising:(a) providing a carbon-containing feedstock comprising biomass;(b) in a pyrolysis zone, pyrolyzing the feedstock in the presence of a substantially inert gas for at least 10 minutes at a pyrolysis temperature from about 250° C. to about 700° C., thereby generating hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases;(c) separating at least a portion of the condensable vapors and at least a portion of the non-condensable gases from the hot pyrolyzed solids;(d) in a cooling zone, cooling the hot pyrolyzed solids, in the presence of the substantially inert gas for at least 5 minutes at a cooling temperature less than the pyrolysis temperature, thereby generating warm pyrolyzed solids;(e) subsequently passing at least a portion of the condensable vapors and/or at least a portion of the non-condensable gases from step (c) across the warm pyrolyzed solids, thereby forming enhanced pyrolyzed solids with increased carbon content; and(f) recovering a ...

BURN PROFILES FOR COKE OPERATIONS

The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for optimizing the burn profiles for coke ovens, such as horizontal heat recovery ovens. In various embodiments the burn profile is at least partially optimized by controlling air distribution in the coke oven. In some embodiments, the air distribution is controlled according to temperature readings in the coke oven. In particular embodiments, the system monitors the crown temperature of the coke oven. After the crown reaches a particular temperature range the flow of volatile matter is transferred to the sole flue to increase sole flue temperatures throughout the coking cycle. Embodiments of the present technology include an air distribution system having a plurality of crown air inlets positioned above the oven floor. 128-. (canceled)29. A method of controlling a burn profile of a coke oven , the method comprising:charging a bed of coal into an oven chamber of a coke oven, the oven chamber being at least partially defined by an oven floor, opposing oven doors, opposing sidewalls that extend upwardly from the oven floor between the opposing oven doors, and an oven crown positioned above the oven floor, wherein the oven chamber is in fluid communication with an exterior environment via an air inlet;creating a negative pressure draft on the oven chamber such that air is drawn into the oven chamber through the air inlet, the negative pressure draft causing volatile matter from the coal bed to mix with the air and at least partially combust within the oven chamber and thereby generate heat within the oven chamber;based on a plurality of temperature increases detected in the oven chamber, reducing the flow of air into the oven chamber until the temperature in the oven chamber reaches a predetermined peak temperature; anddirecting the volatile matter from the oven chamber to a sole flue beneath the oven floor, thereby preheating the coke oven for a subsequent coke oven charge.30. The method of claim 29 , ...

A process and apparatus for quenching coke

A method is described for quenching coke coming from the distillation of coal and having a temperature higher than or equal to 900° C., comprising the steps of a) lowering the temperature of said coke to about 700-300° C. by heat exchange with a fluid through walls of a thermally conductive material interposed between coke and fluid, b) feeding a continuous flow of said coke at about 700-300° C. into a turbo- cooler (T), comprising a cylindrical tubular body ( 18 ), closed at opposite ends by respective end plates ( 19,20 ), provided with an optional cooling jacket ( 21 ) for the inner wall thereof, at least one inlet opening ( 9 ) for the coke, at least one inlet opening ( 10, 15, 16 ) for water, at least one discharge opening ( 11, 12 ) and a rotor, rotatably supported in the cylindrical tubular body ( 5 ) and comprising a shaft ( 13 ) provided with elements ( 14 ) projecting radially from said shaft, adapted for the handling and advancement of the coke; c) feeding a continuous flow of water at a temperature less than or equal to 100° C. into the turbo-cooler (T), through said at least one inlet opening ( 10, 15, 16 ) and subjecting said flow of coke and water to the action of the rotor, which advances the coke towards said at least one discharge opening ( 11 ); d) continuously discharging from said at least one discharge opening ( 11, 12 ) a flow of coke at a temperature lower than or equal to 200° C., and a flow of water vapor.

METHOD FOR REDUCING QUENCH OIL FOULING IN CRACKING PROCESSES

Quench oil aging and its propensity to cause fouling may be evaluated by determining the amount of a precipitant necessary to cause the flocculation of polymer species present in the quench oil. The propensity of quench oil to cause fouling may be used as a basis to mitigate fouling in cracking processes. 1. A method for reducing fouling from a quench oil comprising:obtaining at least one measurement related to light scattering properties for at least one quench oil with a probe; wherein the at least one quench oil comprises an amount of a precipitant;comparing the amount of precipitant with the at least one measurement to determine a tendency of the at least one quench oil to produce fouling;selecting a quench oil from a plurality of quench oils; wherein the selected quench oil has the smallest tendency for fouling; andquenching a hydrocarbon feed with the selected quench oil during a cracking process.2. The method of further comprising adjusting process conditions in the cracking process based upon the tendency of quenching oil in the quenching step to cause fouling.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising measuring at least one parameter of the quench oil prior to selecting the quench oil claim 1 , wherein the at least one parameter is selected from the group consisting of an insolubility number claim 1 , a solubility blending number claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the at least one parameter is monitored over time.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fouling is selected from the group consisting of coke fouling claim 1 , asphaltene fouling claim 1 , polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon fouling claim 1 , coke precursor fouling claim 1 , and combinations thereof.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising introducing an antifoulant to the hydrocarbon feed in an effective amount to further reduce fouling from the quench oil.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the quench oil is selected from the group consisting: of crude oil ...

Systems and methods for improving quenched coke recovery

The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for improving quenched coke recovery. More specifically, some embodiments are directed to systems and methods utilizing one or more of a screen, barrier, or reflector panel to contain or redirect coke during or after quenching. In a particular embodiment, a quench car system for containing coke includes a quench car having a base, a plurality of sidewalls, and a top portion. The system can further include a permeable barrier covering at least a portion of the top of the quench car, wherein the permeable barrier has a plurality of apertures therethrough.

Systems and methods for improving quenched coke recovery

The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for improving quenched coke recovery. More specifically, some embodiments are directed to systems and methods utilizing one or more of a screen, barrier, or reflector panel to contain or redirect coke during or after quenching. In a particular embodiment, a quench car system for containing coke includes a quench car having a base, a plurality of sidewalls, and a top portion. The system can further include a permeable barrier covering at least a portion of the top of the quench car, wherein the permeable barrier has a plurality of apertures therethrough.

Systems and Methods for Valve Sealing

Some aspects of the present invention relate to a system for sealing an unheading or isolation valve in a petroleum refining process. Some aspects relate to a bellows seal for preventing leakage of petroleum product and steam within the valve. Some aspects relate to a restrictor for restricting the motion of a dynamic seat relative to a seat base structure. 1. A valve sealing system for use in an unheading or isolation valve in a petroleum refining process , said sealing system comprising:a seat base structure fixably attached to a main body of said valve;a dynamic seat movably attached to said seat base structure such that said dynamic seat can move with the contour of a valve blind; anda bellows seal attached to said seat base structure and said dynamic seat such that said bellows seal can flex with the movement of said dynamic seat while maintaining a seal between said seat base structure and said dynamic seat.2. The system of further comprising a plurality of springs arranged to bias said dynamic seat away from said seat base structure.3. The system of further comprising at least one restrictor for restricting the movement of said dynamic seat relative to said seat base structure wherein said restrictor restricts movement of said dynamic seat in a direction away from said seat base structure.4. The system of wherein said restrictor further restricts motion of said dynamic seat in a direction toward said seat base structure.5. The system of wherein said restrictor further restricts rotation of said dynamic seat around its central axis relative to said seat base structure.6. The system of wherein said bellows seal is welded to said seat base structure and to said dynamic seat.7. The system of wherein said bellows is welded to a butter pass layer in said dynamic seat.8. The system of wherein said bellows is made from a material selected from the set consisting of Inconel claim 1 , Monel or stainless steel 317.9. The system of further comprising at least one packing ...

PROCESS FOR DRY COOLING OF COKE WITH CARBON DIOXIDE WITH SUBSEQUENT USE OF THE CARBON MONOXIDE PRODUCED

A process for dry cooling of coke with carbon dioxide with subsequent use of the carbon monoxide produced, in which the coal is cyclically converted to coke and the coke, after the coking oven has been unloaded, is introduced into a cooling apparatus, and carbon dioxide is introduced in the cooling apparatus for dry cooling, such that a Boudouard reaction gives rise to carbon monoxide, and the carbon monoxide produced is used to heat the coking oven. The process allows utilization of the heat which arises in the course of coking for production of carbon monoxide, which in turn is used in the heating, such that a very balanced heat budget of the overall process can be achieved overall.

BURN PROFILES FOR COKE OPERATIONS

The present technology is generally directed to systems and methods for optimizing the burn profiles for coke ovens, such as horizontal heat recovery ovens. In various embodiments the burn profile is at least partially optimized by controlling air distribution in the coke oven. In some embodiments, the air distribution is controlled according to temperature readings in the coke oven. In particular embodiments, the system monitors the crown temperature of the coke oven. After the crown reaches a particular temperature range the flow of volatile matter is transferred to the sole flue to increase sole flue temperatures throughout the coking cycle. Embodiments of the present technology include an air distribution system having a plurality of crown air inlets positioned above the oven floor. 115-. (canceled)16. A system for controlling a horizontal heat recovery coke oven burn profile , the method comprising:a horizontal heat recovery coke oven having an oven chamber being at least partially defined by an oven floor, opposing oven doors, opposing sidewalls that extend upwardly from the oven floor between the opposing oven doors, an oven crown positioned above the oven floor, and at least one sole flue, beneath the oven floor, in fluid communication with the oven chamber;a temperature sensor disposed within the oven chamber;at least one air inlet, positioned to place the oven chamber in fluid communication with an environment exterior to the horizontal heat recovery coke oven;at least one uptake channel having an uptake damper in fluid communication with the at least one sole flue; the uptake damper being selectively movable between open and closed positions;the negative pressure draft is reduced over a plurality of flow reducing steps by; anda controller operatively coupled with the uptake damper and adapted to move the uptake damper through a plurality of increasingly flow restrictive positions over the carbonization cycle, based on the plurality of different ...

Systems and Methods for Valve Sealing

A system for sealing an unheading or isolation valve in a petroleum refining process. Some aspects relate to a bellows seal for preventing leakage of petroleum product and steam within the valve. Some aspects relate to a restrictor for restricting the motion of a dynamic seat relative to a seat base structure. 1. A valve sealing system for use in an unheading or isolation valve in a petroleum refining or chemical process , said sealing system comprising:a seat base structure fixably attached to a main body of said unheading or isolation valve;a dynamic seat movably attached to said seat base structure such that said dynamic seat can move with the contour of a valve blind;a restrictor for restricting the vertical movement of said dynamic seat relative to said seat base structure, wherein flanges on said restrictor engage base projections in said seat base structure and seat projections in said dynamic seat to restrict said movement.2. The system of wherein an overall length of said restrictor restricts movement of said dynamic seat toward said seat base structure to a maximum value.3. The system of wherein an inter-flange length of said restrictor positions restrictor flanges to restrict movement of said dynamic seat relative to said seat base structure to a maximum value.4. The system of wherein an inter-flange length of said restrictor positions restrictor flanges to restrict movement of said dynamic seat relative to said seat base structure to a maximum value and an overall length of said restrictor restricts movement of said dynamic seat toward said seat base structure to a maximum value.5. The system of wherein a width of said restrictor relative to a width of a recess in said seat base structure restricts rotation of said dynamic seat claim 1 , about an axis claim 1 , relative to said seat base structure to a maximum value.6. The system of further comprising a bellows seal claim 1 , wherein an inter-flange length of said restrictor positions restrictor flanges ...

Methods and systems for improved quench tower design

The present technology describes methods and systems for an improved quench tower. Some embodiments improve the quench tower's ability to recover particulate matter, steam, and emissions that escape from the base of the quench tower. Some embodiments improve the draft and draft distribution of the quench tower. Some embodiments include one or more sheds to enlarge the physical or effective perimeter of the quench tower to reduce the amount of particulate matter, emissions, and steam loss during the quenching process. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle formed of a plurality of single-turn or multi-turn chevrons adapted to prevent particulate matter from escaping the quench tower. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle spray nozzle used to wet the baffles, suppress dust, and/or clean baffles. Some embodiments include a quench nozzle that can fire in discrete stages during the quenching process.

SYSTEMS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into highcarbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. 160-. (canceled)60. A biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor comprising a material feed system , a plurality of spatially separated reaction zones configured for separately controlling temperature and mixing within each of said reaction zones , and a carbonaceous-solids outlet , wherein one of said reaction zones is configured with a first gas inlet for introducing a substantially inert gas into said biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor , and wherein one of said reaction zones is configured with a first gas outlet.61. The biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor of claim 60 , wherein said biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor includes at least two reaction zones.6257. The biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor of claim claim 60 , wherein said biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor includes at least three reaction zones.63. The biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor of claim 62 , wherein said reactor includes at least four reaction zones.64. The biomass pyrolysis continuous reactor of claim 60 , wherein each of said reaction zones is disposed in communication with separately adjustable indirect heating means claim 60 , each independently selected from ...

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A process for producing a high-carbon biogenic reagent , the process comprising:providing a carbon-containing feedstock comprising dry biomass;in a preheating zone, preheating the feedstock in the presence of a substantially inert gas;in a pyrolysis zone, pyrolyzing the feedstock in the presence of a substantially inert gas to thereby generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases;separating at least a portion of the condensable vapors and at least a portion of the non-condensable gases from the hot pyrolyzed solids;in a cooling zone, cooling the hot pyrolyzed solids, in the presence of the substantially inert gas and with a cooling temperature less than the pyrolysis temperature, to generate warm pyrolyzed solids;in a cooler that is separate from the cooling zone, cooling the warm pyrolyzed solids to generate cool pyrolyzed solids; andrecovering a high-carbon biogenic reagent comprising at least a portion of the cool pyrolyzed solids;wherein the process further comprises introducing at ...

DELAYED COKE DRUM QUENCH SYSTEMS AND METHODS HAVING REDUCED ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS

Systems and methods for reducing atmospheric emission of hydrocarbon vapors by flashing off hydrocarbon vapors in an overflow drum where the pressure is ultimately reduced to 0 psig and then flashing off any remaining hydrocarbon vapors in an overflow tank wherein the pressure in the overflow tank is reduced to 0 psig by an overflow ejector. 1. A system for reducing atmospheric emissions of hydrocarbon vapors in a delayed coke drum quench overflow system , which comprises:an overflow drum connected to a blowdown header line for reducing hydrocarbon vapors and producing a vapor overflow remainder and a liquid overflow remainder;an overflow tank connected to the overflow drum by a liquid overflow remainder line for separating at least one of skim oil, water, coke fines, and tank vapor from the liquid overflow remainder;an overflow drum vapor line in fluid communication with the overflow drum for transmitting the vapor overflow remainder to a steam line; anda tank vapor line in fluid communication with the overflow tank for transmitting the tank vapor to an overflow ejector, wherein the overflow ejector includes an inlet in fluid communication with the tank vapor line and an outlet in fluid communication with the steam line for reducing the pressure in the overflow tank to 0 psig.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a suction pressure controller claim 1 , the suction pressure controller in communication with the inlet of the overflow ejector and the outlet of the overflow ejector claim 1 , for preventing a vacuum in the tank vapor line.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising:a liquid overflow remainder valve in the liquid overflow remainder line and a limit controller associated with the overflow drum and adapted to control the liquid overflow remainder valve for maintaining a constant level in the overflow drum.4. The system of claim 3 , further comprising:a non-air gas supply in communication with the overflow tank; anda non-air gas valve intermediate ...

Process for producing high-carbon biogenic reagents

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVED QUENCH TOWER DESIGN

The present technology describes methods and systems for an improved quench tower. Some embodiments improve the quench tower's ability to recover particulate matter, steam, and emissions that escape from the base of the quench tower. Some embodiments improve the draft and draft distribution of the quench tower. Some embodiments include one or more sheds to enlarge the physical or effective perimeter of the quench tower to reduce the amount of particulate matter, emissions, and steam loss during the quenching process. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle formed of a plurality of single-turn or multi-turn chevrons adapted to prevent particulate matter from escaping the quench tower. Some embodiments include an improved quench baffle spray nozzle used to wet the baffles, suppress dust, and/or clean baffles. Some embodiments include a quench nozzle that can fire in discrete stages during the quenching process. 151-. (canceled)52. A method for quenching coke in a quench tower , comprising:receiving a train car containing an amount of coke to be quenched, wherein the train car is received through an opening in the quench tower;starting a suppression action to suppress an amount of dust, wherein the suppressing comprises disposing an amount of liquid in the quench tower via one or more quench spray nozzles;starting a quenching action to quench the amount of coke in the train car, wherein starting the quenching action comprises disposing an amount of liquid onto the amount of coke using one or more quench spray nozzles;stopping the suppression action, wherein stopping the suppression action comprises discontinuing disposing an amount of liquid in the quench tower via one or more quench spray nozzles;stopping the quenching action, wherein stopping the quenching action comprises discontinuing disposing an amount of liquid onto the amount of coke using the one or more quench spray nozzles; andtransporting the train car out of the quench tower, wherein the train ...

INDUSTRIAL PROCESS USING A FORCED-EXHAUST METAL FURNACE AND MECHANISMS DEVELOPED FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING COAL, FUEL GAS, PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT AND TAR

This patent of invention is related to a process and a furnace developed for production of charcoal with recovery of gases, tar and pyrolgneous extract. The unity system is composed by a metallic furnace, a loading platform, a carbonization platform and unloading platform. For continuous generation of gases, the process operates with multiple carbonization platforms and one or more furnaces for carbonization platform. The furnace is provided with air inputs in strategic side points and mechanism for relieving pressure. The carbonization system is composed by an exhauster, special pipes for conducting the gases, and devices for the recovery of condensable. The gases generated in the process are directed to a burner, a gasifier or directly in a boiler to generate thermal and/or electrical energy. The technology presents, exclusively, a gravimetric yield in fuel gas superior to 60% and a productivity on charcoal above 800 kg/h, so that each operating cycle of the furnace takes less than 5 hours. The coal is discharged hot, after carbonization and loaded on wooden billets immediately after unloading. The process combines technical, economic, operational, and environmentally viable solutions 111248921128131415121216172122233637a. Industrial process using metallic furnace with forced exhaust and mechanisms developed for concurrent production of coal , fuel gas , pyroligneous extract and tar , which consists of a metallic furnace provided with specific mechanisms for optimization of the production process , characterized in that it is metallic container with capacity metal container with charging capacity between 35 and 65 m3 , preferably about 50 m3 of wood or biomass () , with a cone roof (R) , which functions as top cover () provided with pressure relief () and devices for cover fixing ( and ); cylindrical body (R) provided with 28 holes in the side area with flow control () , 4 tubes for injection of air in the interior of the charge , 4 points of side ignition () , ...

COKE DRUM QUENCH PROCESS

Processes for quenching coke in a coke drum of a delayed coker unit that more thoroughly cool the coke, eliminate hot spots in the coke bed, and remove residual hydrocarbons from the coke prior to venting the coke drum may comprise a ramp quench phase and a pressure quench phase after the ramp quench phase. During the ramp quench phase, the coke drum internal pressure may rise to a maximum pressure level and then fall to a transitional pressure level. At least one control valve may be actuated at the transitional pressure level to increase the coke drum internal pressure from the transitional pressure level to a pulsed pressure level of the pressure quench phase. 1. A process for quenching coke in a coke drum of a delayed coker unit , the process comprising:a) feeding quench water to the coke drum during an initial quench phase of the quenching process at an initial quench rate;b) after step a), increasing the rate of feeding the quench water to the coke drum during a ramp quench phase of the quenching process to attain a maximum ramp quench rate, wherein during the ramp quench phase the coke drum internal pressure increases to a maximum pressure level and thereafter the coke drum internal pressure decreases to a transitional pressure level; andc) at the time of the transitional pressure level, actuating at least one control valve whereby the coke drum internal pressure increases from the transitional pressure level to a pulsed pressure level.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the pulsed pressure level is in the range from about 15 to 20 psig.3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:d) during step a), recovering hydrocarbon vapors from the coke, wherein:prior to step c) the recovery of hydrocarbon vapors from the coke has ceased, andafter step c) the increase in the coke drum internal pressure to the pulsed pressure level effects the release of residual hydrocarbons from the coke.4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:e) after the ramp quench phase, ...

CATALYST ADDITION TO A CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

Biomass is converted into a bio-oil containing stream in a riser reactor having multiple ports for the entry of fresh catalyst. Hard coke formed during pyrolysis may be separated from the riser effluent fraction containing which contains spent catalyst, soft coke and char. The separated hard coke may then be fed back into the riser reactor. The riser reactor may further have a cooling media which quenches the rapid heat transfer to the biomass during pyrolysis of the biomass in the mixing zone of the riser. 1. A process of subjecting solid biomass to thermolysis in a riser reactor having a mixing zone and an upper zone above the mixing zone , the process comprising:{'sub': '1', '(a) introducing a catalyst into the riser reactor through a catalyst point of entry, wherein the catalyst at the catalyst point of entry has a temperature T;'}(b) introducing solid biomass through a biomass point of entry into the mixing zone upstream from the catalyst point of entry;(c) mixing the solid biomass and the catalyst in the mixing zone and reacting at least a portion of the solid biomass;{'sub': 2', '1, '(d) introducing catalyst into an upper zone of the reactor, wherein the temperature, T, at the point of entry of the catalyst into the upper zone is less than T;'}(e) subjecting effluent from the mixing zone to fluidized catalytic thermolysis in the upper zone;(f) separating fluid effluent from the riser reactor into (i) a first fraction enriched in hard coke and (ii) a second fraction containing spent catalyst, soft coke and char;(g) feeding the first fraction into the mixing zone upstream from the biomass point of entry;(h) regenerating the spent catalyst in the second fraction in a regeneration unit and subjecting the soft coke and char to combustion;(i) feeding a first portion of the regenerated spent catalyst from the regeneration unit to a catalyst cooling chamber and a second portion of the regenerated catalyst from the regeneration unit to the reactor riser upstream from ...

Coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of coal pyrolyzing furnace

A coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace is arranged in a center of a body of the coal pyrolyzing furnace and includes: a carbonizing room, an external gas heating device, an internal burning heating device and a flame path bow, wherein the carbonizing room is in a loop chamber above the flame path bow, the loop camber is formed by an internal loop wall and an external loop wall made of fire-resistant and heat-conductive materials; the external gas heating device is around an external circle of the external loop wall of the carbonizing room, wherein the external gas heating device comprises at least one equal set of a first gas heater, a second gas heater and a gas reversing device; the internal burning heating device is inside the internal loop wall of the carbonizing room. 1. A coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device of a coal pyrolyzing furnace , arranged in a center of a body of said coal pyrolyzing furnace , comprising: a carbonizing room , an external gas heating device , an internal burning heating device and a flame path bow , wherein said carbonizing room is in a loop chamber above said flame path bow , said loop camber is formed by an internal loop wall and an external loop wall made of fire-resistant and heat-conductive materials; said external gas heating device is around an external circle of said external loop wall of said carbonizing room , wherein said external gas heating device comprises at least one equal set of a first gas heater , a second gas heater and a gas reversing device; said internal burning heating device is inside said internal loop wall of said carbonizing room , wherein said internal burning heating device comprises at least one equal set of a third gas heater , a fourth gas heater and a coke quenching exhaust heater.2. The coal pyrolyzing and carbonizing device claim 1 , as recited in claim 1 , wherein said first gas heater of said external gas heating device comprises a first combustor claim 1 , a first ...

BATCH-PROCESS SUPERTORREFACTION SYSTEM AND METHOD

A compact, transportable batch-process supertorrefaction system includes at least one supertorrefying unit, a liquid tank containing molten salt, and a wash tank including a plurality of basins containing water having different temperatures and different salinity. The liquid tank and the wash tank sequentially supply the molten salt and the water to a receiving space of the at least one supertorrefying unit to supertorrefy the biomass into charcoal and to rinse and cool the charcoal, respectively. The plurality of basins of the wash unit sequentially supply water having different temperatures and salinity to the same receiving space to gradually rinse and cool the charcoal. The biomass is not moved in the at least one supertorrfeying unit during biomass supertorrefaction. The charcoal is not moved during charcoal cooling. 1. A supertorrefaction system comprising:at least one supertorrefying unit defining a receiving space for receiving biomass;a liquid tank in fluid communication with the at least one supertorrefying unit and containing a first heat transfer liquid; anda wash tank in fluid communication with the at least one supertorrefying unit and containing a second heat transfer liquid,wherein the at least one supertorrefying unit receives the first heat transfer liquid from the liquid tank to supertorrefy and convert the biomass into charcoal, and receives the second heat transfer liquid from the wash tank to rinse and cool the charcoal without moving the biomass and the charcoal during supertorrefaction and cooling processes.2. The supertorrefaction system according to claim 1 , further comprising a holding member for carrying and moving the biomass to the receiving space and for carrying and moving the charcoal out of the receiving space.3. The supertorrefaction system according to claim 1 , wherein the first heat transfer liquid is molten salt.4. The supertorrefaction system according to claim 1 , wherein the second heat transfer liquid is water.5. The ...

FIXED CARBON PRODUCTION DEVICE

Provided is a fixed carbon production device excellent in operation stability and safety which has high strength and may have a compact device volume, which makes possible production of high-quality fixed carbon with high yields and in large amounts, which is capable of keeping the dry distillation temperature low, which has few restraints in the compositional material, which, having a low dry distillation temperature and low heat input amount, has excellent energy-saving efficiency, and which is capable of solving problems due to a tar component. This fixed carbon production device is provided with: a quench chamber for collecting fixed carbon; a dry distillation furnace which is erected and fixed in the quench chamber and into which raw material coal is fed; a dry distillation unit which is polygonal in horizontal cross-section and is partitioned by a separating wall which partitions the inside of the dry distillation furnace in the vertical direction; a dry distillation mini-furnace which is polygonal in horizontal cross-section and which is partitioned by a partition which partitions the inside of the dry distillation unit in the vertical direction; a pipe-shaped heating means which is arranged on the separating wall of the dry distillation unit and the partition of the dry distillation mini-furnace and which dry-distills the raw material coal; and a collection path for collecting fixed carbon collected in the quench chamber. 1. A fixed carbon production device comprising: a quench chamber for collecting fixed carbon; a dry distillation furnace which is erected and fixed in the quench chamber; a dry distillation unit which is partitioned into a rectangular or a polygonal shape in the vertical direction on a horizontal cross-section in the dry distillation furnace by a separating wall from an upper portion to a lower portion; a dry distillation mini-furnace which is partitioned into a rectangular or a polygonal shape in the vertical direction on the horizontal ...

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic blast furnace addition composition comprising:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most 5 wt % hydrogen;at most 1 wt % nitrogen;at most 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, an acid or a salt thereof, a base or a salt thereof, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic blast furnace addition composition of further comprising at least about 2 wt % to at most about 15 wt % dolomite claim 1 , at least about 2 wt % to at most about 15 wt % dolomitic lime claim 1 , at least about 2 wt % to at most about 15 wt % bentonite claim 1 , or at least about 2 wt % to at most about 15 wt % calcium oxide.3. The biogenic blast furnace addition composition of further comprising at least about 85 wt % total carbon claim 1 , about 0.6 wt % sulfur claim 1 , at most about 1.5 wt % volatile matter claim 1 , at most about 13 wt % ash claim 1 , at most about 8 wt % moisture claim 1 , about 0.035 wt % phosphorus claim 1 , a CRI value of ...

COKE OVEN CHARGING SYSTEM

The present technology is generally directed to coal charging systems used with coke ovens. In some embodiments, a coal charging system includes a charging head having opposing wings that extend outwardly from the charging head, leaving an open pathway through which coal may be directed toward side edges of the coal bed. In other embodiments, an extrusion plate is positioned on a rearward face of the charging head and oriented to engage and compress coal as the coal is charged along a length of the coking oven. In other embodiments, charging plates extend outwardly from inward faces of opposing wings. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. (canceled)16. (canceled)17. (canceled)18. (canceled)19. (canceled)20. (canceled)21. (canceled)22. (canceled)23. (canceled)24. (canceled)25. (canceled)26. (canceled)27. (canceled)28. A coal charging system , the system comprising:an elongated charging frame having a distal end portion, proximal end portion, and opposite sides;a charging head operatively coupled with the distal end portion of the elongated charging frame; the charging head including a planar body residing within a charging head plane and having an upper edge portion, lower edge portion, opposite side portions, a front face, and a rearward face;an extrusion plate operatively coupled with the rearward face of the charging head; the extrusion plate having a coal engagement face that is oriented to face rearwardly and downwardly with respect to the charging head; anda charging conveyor operatively coupled with the elongated charging frame and having a distal end positioned adjacent and in open fluid communication with the coal engagement face of the extrusion plate so that coal is deposited immediately behind the coal engagement face of the extrusion plate.29. The coal charging system of wherein the extrusion plate ...

INTERNAL LINING FOR DELAYED COKER DRUM

A delayed coking unit has a thermal shock-resistant, erosion-resistant internal lining to reduce thermally-induced mechanical stresses in the pressure boundary of the coke drum. The lining is effective to reduce or mitigate the transient thermal stress that occurs in the pressure boundary of the coke drum and to reduce or minimize the high thermal stress resulting from temperature differentials at the skirt-to-shell junction. 1. A delayed coking drum consisting of a top ellipsoidal or hemispherical head , a bottom conical head with an outlet for coke product , and a vertical cylindrical section , with a vapor outlet at the top and a feed inlet at/near the bottom , with a shock-resistant and erosion-resistant internal lining applied to the inner surface of the drum.2. A delayed coking drum according to wherein the internal lining is a refractory lining.3. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the lower claim 2 , conical section of the drum.4. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the lower cylindrical section of the drum.5. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied in the upper cylindrical section of the drum.6. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is applied by ramming.7. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is a monolithic lining comprising a rammed refractory secured by means of anchors attached to the inner surface of the drum.8. A delayed coking drum according to in which the refractory lining is a monolithic lining comprising a rammed refractory secured by means of a single point anchoring system attached to the inner surface of the drum.9. A delayed coking drum according to in which the single point anchoring system is attached to the inner surface of the drum by means of stud welds in which thermal strain is accumulated only across individual welds.10. A delayed coking drum according ...

PYROLYZED COAL QUENCHER, COAL UPGRADE PLANT, AND METHOD FOR COOLING PYROLYZED COAL

A pyrolyzed coal quencher includes: a first water spray tube that sprays water on pyrolyzed coal having a temperature of 300° C. or more obtained after pyrolyzing coal; a first cooling tube that performs indirect cooling on the pyrolyzed coal obtained after spraying water by the first water spray tube to a temperature of 100° C. or more; a second water spray tube that sprays water on the pyrolyzed coal cooled by the first cooling tube such that the pyrolyzed coal has a desired water content; and a second cooling tube that performs indirect cooling on the pyrolyzed coal cooled by the first cooling tube to a desired temperature of less than 100° C. Thus, the pyrolyzed coal can be promptly cooled and adjusted to a desired water content. 1. A pyrolyzed coal quencher comprising:a first water spray section for spraying water on pyrolyzed coal having a temperature of 300° C. or more obtained after pyrolyzing coal; anda first cooling tube for performing indirect cooling on the pyrolyzed coal obtained after spraying water by the first water spray section to a temperature of 100° C. or more by a first cooling medium flowing within the first cooling tube.2. The pyrolyzed coal quencher according to claim 1 , wherein the first cooling medium has an inlet temperature of 50° C. or more to less than 100° C. when introduced into the first cooling tube.3. The pyrolyzed coal quencher according to claim 2 , wherein the first cooling medium is boiler feed water.4. The pyrolyzed coal quencher according to claim 1 , further comprising a first rotating vessel for receiving the pyrolyzed coal and rotating about an axis claim 1 ,wherein the first water spray section and the first cooling tube are installed in the first rotating vessel.5. The pyrolyzed coal quencher according claim 1 , further comprising:a second water spray section for spraying water on the pyrolyzed coal cooled by the first cooling tube such that the pyrolyzed coal has a desired water content; anda second cooling tube for ...

PROCESS FOR DRY COOLING OF COKE WITH STEAM WITH SUBSEQUENT USE OF THE SYNTHESIS GAS PRODUCED

A method for the dry quenching of coke using steam with subsequent use of the synthesis gas generated, the method involving the cyclic coking of coal to coke with the coke being sent to a quenching device after being discharged from the coke oven and steam being introduced into the quenching device for dry quenching, thus creating synthesis gas made up of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H) via a water-gas reaction, and the synthesis gas produced being fed to a further application. This method allows the heat generated during coking to be used for the production of useful synthesis gas which, in turn, can be used for a further purpose or in the heating process, thus on the whole achieving an extremely even energy balance throughout the entire process. 1. Method for the dry quenching of coke in whichcoal is heated in a coke oven via heating by means of a high calorific gas and coke is obtained via cyclic coking, said coke being pushed out into a coke quenching car on completion of the coking, andthe incandescent coke is transported to a coke quenching device in a coke quenching car in which said incandescent coke is quenched to a temperature below the kindling temperature by means of a quenching gas,whereingaseous steam (H2O) is used as the quenching gas under the exclusion of air, said steam reacting at least partially with the incandescent coke according to the water-gas reaction to form synthesis gas made up of hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), anddue to the dry quenching being carried out in a coke quenching device the hydrogenous quenching gas obtained is collected, andthe gas mixture thus obtained is used for a further purpose.2. Method for the dry quenching of coke according to claim 1 , wherein use for a further purpose relates to the gas mixture being added to the fuel gas of the coke oven(s).3. Method for the dry quenching of coke according to claim 2 , wherein a hydrocarbonaceous fuel gas is mixed with the synthesis gas used to heat the coke oven ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING DUST AND COOLING FOR ACTIVE COKE REGENERATION APPARATUS

The present invention discloses a dust removing and coding method for an active coke regeneration apparatus. When the active coke regeneration apparatus is operating, the method includes the following: generating two negative pressure regions respectively at a discharge end and a feeding end; sucking out leaked vapour and dust by means of the negative regions; and cooling down the active coke regeneration apparatus by using gas flow generated by the negative pressure. Moreover, the present invention provides a device for implementing the method as described above. 1. A dust removing and cooling method for an active coke regeneration apparatus , when the active coke regeneration apparatus is operating ,generating two negative pressure regions respectively at a discharge end and a feeding end;sucking out leaked vapour and dust by means of the negative regions; andcooling down the active coke regeneration apparatus by using gas flow generated by the negative pressure.2. A device for implementing the method according to claim 1 , comprising:a feeding chamber and a discharge chamber, respectively provided at two opposite ends of the active coke regeneration apparatus;a front mechanical room, located between the feeding chamber and a combustion chamber;a rear mechanical room, located between the discharge room and the combustion chamber, wherein the combustion room is between the front mechanical room and the rear mechanical room;a drum, extending from the feeding chamber to the discharge chamber;a spacer plate, provided between the feeding chamber and the front mechanical room, forming a front negative pressure dust collecting chamber, and a ventilation pipe is provided in the front mechanical room, an air inlet of the ventilation pipe is located an upper part of the front mechanical room, and an air outlet of the ventilation pipe is provided in the front negative pressure dust collecting chamber;another spacer plate, provided between the discharge chamber and the rear ...

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic syngas-generating feedstock comprising , on a dry basis:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic syngas-generating feedstock of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , iron halide claim 1 , iron chloride claim 1 , iron bromide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , fluorite claim 1 , fluorospar claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , lime claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The biogenic syngas-generating feedstock of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic syngas-generating feedstock ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH VCM COKE

A process and apparatus for improving the production of coke having a high volatile combustible material content are disclosed. The process may include, for example: heating a coker feedstock to a coking temperature to produce a heated coker feedstock; contacting the heated coker feedstock with a quench medium to reduce a temperature of the heated coker feedstock and produce a quenched feedstock; feeding the quenched feedstock to a coking drum; subjecting the quenched feedstock to thermal cracking in the coking drum to (a) crack a portion of the quenched feedstock to produce a cracked vapor product, and (b) produce a coke product having a volatile combustible material (VCM) concentration in the range from about 13% to about 50% by weight, as measured by ASTM D3175. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. (canceled)8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. (canceled)15. An apparatus for producing a coke fuel , the apparatus comprising:a heater for heating a coker feedstock to a coking temperature to produce a heated coker feedstock;a fluid conduit for recovering the heated coker feedstock from the heater;a fluid conduit for supplying a quench medium;a device, disposed proximate an inlet of a coking drum, for contacting the heated coker feedstock with the quench medium to reduce a temperature of the heated coker feedstock and produce a quenched effluent;a fluid conduit for feeding the quenched effluent to the coking drum for thermal cracking of the quenched effluent to (a) crack a portion of the quenched effluent to produce a cracked vapor product, and (b) produce a coke product having a volatile combustible material (VCM) concentration in the range from about 13% to about 50% by weight, as measured by ASTM D3175.16. (canceled)17. The apparatus of claim 15 , further comprising a fluid conduit for recovering the cracked vapor product from the coking drum.18. The apparatus of claim 15 , ...

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic fluidized-bed composition comprising , on a dry basis:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic fluidized-bed composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , iron halide claim 1 , iron chloride claim 1 , iron bromide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , fluorite claim 1 , fluorospar claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , lime claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The biogenic fluidized-bed composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic fluidized-bed composition comprises at ...

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic metal-ladle addition composition comprising , on a dry basis:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic metal-ladle addition composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , iron halide claim 1 , iron chloride claim 1 , iron bromide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , fluorite claim 1 , fluorospar claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , lime claim 1 , and combinations thereof.3. The biogenic metal-ladle addition composition of claim 1 , wherein the ...

High-carbon biogenic reagents and uses thereof

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic metallurgical coke composition comprising , on a dry basis:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic metallurgical coke composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , iron halide claim 1 , iron chloride claim 1 , iron bromide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , fluorite claim 1 , fluorospar claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , lime claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The biogenic metallurgical coke composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic metallurgical coke ...

HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS AND USES THEREOF

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A biogenic pulverized-carbon composition comprising , on a dry basis:at least about 55 wt % total carbon;at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus;at most about 0.2 wt % sulfur; andan additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof.2. The biogenic pulverized-carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium claim 1 , manganese claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , chromium claim 1 , silicon claim 1 , boron claim 1 , cerium claim 1 , molybdenum claim 1 , phosphorus claim 1 , tungsten claim 1 , vanadium claim 1 , iron halide claim 1 , iron chloride claim 1 , iron bromide claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , dolomite claim 1 , dolomitic lime claim 1 , fluorite claim 1 , fluorospar claim 1 , bentonite claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , lime claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The biogenic pulverized-carbon composition of claim 1 , wherein the biogenic pulverized-carbon ...

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR ENHANCING THE ENERGY CONTENT OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FROM PYROLYSIS

Processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas is employed to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives. 1. A process for producing a high-carbon biogenic reagent , the process comprising:(a) providing a carbon-containing feedstock comprising biomass;(b) optionally drying the feedstock to remove at least a portion of moisture contained within the feedstock;(c) optionally deaerating the dried feedstock to remove at least a portion of interstitial oxygen, if any, contained with the feedstock;(d) in a pyrolysis zone, pyrolyzing the feedstock in the presence of a substantially inert gas, thereby generating hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases;(e) separating at least a portion of the condensable vapors and at least a portion of the non-condensable gases from the hot pyrolyzed solids;(f) in a cooling zone, cooling the hot pyrolyzed solids, in the presence of the substantially inert gas with a cooling temperature less than the pyrolysis temperature, to generate warm pyrolyzed solids;(g) optionally cooling the warm pyrolyzed solids in a cooler to generate cool pyrolyzed solids;(h) subsequently passing at least a portion of the condensable ...

High-carbon biogenic reagents and uses thereof

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

Heat Removal and Recovery in Biomass Pyrolysis

Pyrolysis methods and apparatuses that allow effective heat removal, for example when necessary to achieve a desired throughput or process a desired type of biomass, are disclosed. According to representative methods, the use of a quench medium (e.g., water), either as a primary or a secondary type of heat removal, allows greater control of process temperatures, particularly in the reheater where char, as a solid byproduct of pyrolysis, is combusted. Quench medium may be distributed to one or more locations within the reheater vessel, such as above and/or within a dense phase bed of fluidized particles of a solid heat carrier (e.g., sand) to better control heat removal. 120-. (canceled)21. An apparatus for pyrolysis of a biomass feedstock , comprising:ii) a pyrolysis reactor;ii) a solid-gas cyclone separator in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor;iii) a reheater having a lower section and an upper section, said reheater in fluid communication with the cyclone separator; andiv) a quench liquid distribution system having a first quench liquid distributor in the lower section.22. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the first quench liquid distributor is proximate the bottom of the lower section.23. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the first quench liquid distributor is configured to inject quench liquid into a dense phase contained in the reheater.24. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the reheater further comprises an inlet port in fluid communication with the cyclone separator claim 21 , said inlet port positioned above the first quench liquid distributor.25. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the quench liquid distribution system has a second quench liquid distributor claim 21 , said second quench liquid distributor positioned in the upper section.26. The apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the quench liquid distribution system has a second quench liquid distributor configured to inject quench liquid into a dilute phase contained in the reheater.27. The ...

Systems and Methods for Floating Seat Plate

A seat plate which maintains constant contact and load against the gate to keep sealing surfaces protected is disclosed. The seat plate has a dynamic seat function ie live-loaded to follow the gate surface during stroking and high temperature changes. The valve maintains a positive barrier between body steam chamber and process fluid through port. The valve uses an extended seat plates to maintain constant contact with gate in all positions such that all process is captured and not allowed to enter body chamber. The seat plate allows for sufficient axial seat travel upstream and downstream to balance sealing load on both sides of gate. In addition, an axial hard stop on each seat allowing upstream seat to maintain sealing contact with gate 1. An isolation valve configured to isolate a valve body from process fluid passing through the valve comprising:a seat configured to receive a gate;a gate having a first side and a second side, the gate configured to be selectively positioned intermediate the seat;a seat plate concentrically nested between the seat and a valve opening and configured to articulate independent of the seat, the seat plate comprising a sealing system which selectively seals the seat plate and the seat; anda bias system that biases the seat plate against the seat.2. The bias system of further comprising at least two bias members which cooperatively bias the seat plate against the seat.3. The bias system of further comprising a third bias member positioned on the second side of the gate configured to bias the seat plate against the seat in a direction of the gate configured to seal the seat plate and the seat against both the first side and the second side of the gate.4. The isolation valve of wherein the bias member comprises a spring.5. The isolation valve of wherein the bias member comprises a bellow.6. The seat plate valve of wherein the bias member comprises a steam chamber.7. The steam chamber of further comprising packing configured to improve ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPTIMIZING COKE PLANT OPERATION AND OUTPUT

The present technology is generally directed to methods of increasing coal processing rates for coke ovens. In various embodiments, the present technology is applied to methods of coking relatively small coal charges over relatively short time periods, resulting in an increase in coal processing rate. In some embodiments, a coal charging system includes a charging head having opposing wings that extend outwardly and forwardly from the charging head, leaving an open pathway through which coal may be directed toward side edges of the coal bed. In other embodiments, an extrusion plate is positioned on a rearward face of the charging head and oriented to engage and compress coal as the coal is charged along a length of the coking oven. In other embodiments, a false door system includes a false door that is vertically oriented to maximize an amount of coal being charged into the oven. 1. A method of increasing a coal processing rate of a coke oven , the method comprising:positioning a coal charging system, having an elongated charging frame and a charging head operatively coupled with a distal end portion of the elongated charging frame, at least partially within a coke oven having a maximum designed coal charge capacity, defined as a maximum volume of coal that can be charged into the coke oven according to a width and height of the coke oven multiplied by a maximum bed height, defined by a height of downcomer openings, formed in opposing side walls of the coke oven, above a coke oven floor, and a maximum coking time associated with the maximum designed coal charge, wherein the maximum designed coking time is defined as the amount of time required to fully coke the maximum designed coal charge;charging coal into the coke oven with the coal charging system in a manner that defines a first operational coal charge that is less than the maximum designed coal charge capacity;coking the first operational coal charge in the coke oven until it is converted into a first coke bed ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR TORQUE ISOLATION VALVE ACTUATOR

A low-volume non-rising stem gate valve comprising a hollow stem, planetary roller screw and anti-rotation rods. The anti-rotation rods isolate the torque force and maintain the alignment of the planetary roller screw with the stem and the screw shaft, thus reducing the amount of material necessary to support ordinary operational forces. 1. A torque isolating valve actuator comprising:an actuator housing;a nut housing disposed within the actuator having an actuator end and a stem end with guide channels positioned on the outside of the nut housing;rollers within the nut housing;a screw shaft aligned axially through the rollers in the nut housing wherein the nut housing is configured to move along the screw shaft;rods disposed parallel the screw shaft within the actuator housing and connected to the actuator housing and positioned outside the nut housing and passing through the guide channels wherein the guide channels and rods are configured to prevent the nut housing from rotating as the actuator actuates; anda non-rising hollow stem coupled to the stem end of the nut housing configured to pass the screw shaft as the nut housing moves along the screw shaft and wherein the nut housing and rods are configured to shield the stem from the transfer of a torque force caused by the rotation of the planetary roller screw.2. The rods of disposed parallel to the non-rising hollow stem and configured to align the hollow stem with a telescoping valve stem.3. The rods of disposed so as to align the rollers with the screw shaft.4. The valve actuator of wherein the guide channels comprise pillow blocks.5. The valve actuator of wherein the actuator housing comprises a channel through which an indicator indicates the position of the nut housing.6. The nut housing of wherein the nut housing moves bi-directionally along the length of the screw.7. The actuator housing of further comprising an actuator member coupled to the rotating screw configured to rotate the screw to actuate the ...

Устройство и способ для термохимической гармонизации и газификации влажной биомассы

1. Устройство для термохимической карбонизации и газификации влажной, в особенности водосодержащей и/или сухой, биомассы для изготовления энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя посредством реактора (1) карбонизации с подогревом, имеющего закрывающееся входное отверстие (13), в котором биомасса преобразовывается в твердый, наливной или газообразный энергоноситель и/или сырьевой носитель и выводится через закрывающееся выходное отверстие (14) в охлаждаемый резервуар (9), соединенный с реактором (1) карбонизации для временного хранения энергоносителя и/или сырьевого носителя, который соединен с нижестоящим реактором (16) газификации, в котором газ и отходы, такие как зола, отделяются от биомассы, отличающееся следующими признаками:a) внешняя тепловая энергия (60) подается в реактор (1) карбонизации, который функционально соединен с нагревательным элементом (4), в частности окружен нагревательной рубашкой, и далее тепловая энергия подается, по меньшей мере, от одной установки, в особенности от реактора (16) газификации,b) энергия охлаждения от второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9) подается в реактор газификации,c) влага, в особенности вода, подается во второй резервуар или охлаждающий резервуар (9), чтобы обеспечить почти непрерывный процесс,d) из реактора (1) карбонизации и/или второго резервуара или охлаждающего резервуара (9), реакционный газ подается в емкость (21) для хранения газа, где реакционный газ повторно подается в реактор (16) газификации.2. Устройство по п.1, отличающееся тем, что влагосодержащая биомасса, принимаемая в реакторе (1) карбонизации, выпаривается под давлением от 5 до 30 бар, предпочтительно под РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/26 (11) (13) 2012 151 909 A (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012151909/10, 14.02.2011 (71) Заявитель(и): ЦББ ГМБХ (DE) Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2011 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 ( ...

Gas pumping unit for coke dry quenching plant and method of operating said unit

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in chemical-recovery industry. Through a feed pipe 19, inert gas is fed into a cooling chamber 3 of a coke dry quenching plant 1, where it exchanges heat with red hot coke. The heated inert gas comes out through a ring opening 20 in the first dust collector 4. Air is fed into a pre-combustion chamber 2 through a nozzle 17. Temperature sensors 10 are fitted on the inner circumference of the coke dry quenching plant 1. The measured value of temperature inside the pre-combustion chamber 2 is sent to an airflow controller 12, which controls volume of air and circulating gas, fed into the furnace. EFFECT: invention allows for preventing change of temperature inside the pre-combustion chamber and stabilising operation of the coke dry quenching plant. 4 cl, 7 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 369 627 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10B 39/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007138418/15, 17.02.2006 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 17.02.2006 (73) Патентообладатель(и): НИППОН СТИЛ ИНДЖИНИРИНГ КО., ЛТД. (JP) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.04.2009 2 3 6 9 6 2 7 (45) Опубликовано: 10.10.2009 Бюл. № 28 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: SU 904315 A1, 23.03.1992. SU 1778132 A1, 30.11.1992. RU 94011882 A1, 27.04.1996. SU 763447 A1, 15.09.1980. JP 2001-158883 A, 12.06.2001. JP 2001-164258 A, 19.06.2001. 2 3 6 9 6 2 7 R U (86) Заявка PCT: JP 2006/303340 (17.02.2006) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата перевода заявки PCT на национальную фазу: 17.10.2007 (87) Публикация PCT: WO 2006/098129 (21.09.2006) Адрес для переписки: 103735, Москва, ул. Ильинка, 5/2, ООО "Союзпатент", пат.пов. Ю.В.Облову, рег.№ 905 (54) ГАЗОПЕРЕКАЧИВАЮЩИЙ АГРЕГАТ УСТАНОВКИ СУХОГО ТУШЕНИЯ КОКСА И СПОСОБ ЕГО ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ (57) Реферат: Изобретение может быть использовано в коксохимической промышленности. Инертный газ по подающей трубке 19 ...

一种干熄焦再热发电系统

本发明涉及焦化、冶金工程技术领域的余热回收，具体的是一种干熄焦再热发电系统，其特征是：至少包括：其特征是：至少包括：干熄炉、一次除尘器、余热锅炉、汽轮机高压缸、汽轮机低压缸、发电机、凝汽器、凝结水泵、水箱、除氧器给水泵、副省煤器、除氧器、锅炉给水泵、二次除尘器、循环风机；所述的干熄炉通过高温循环气体管路经一次除尘器与余热锅炉入口电连接，将干熄炉的高温循环气体送到余热锅炉，余热锅炉的底部连接低温循环器管路，低温循环器管路经二次除尘器、循环风机连接至副省煤器，副省煤器的出口连接干熄炉的底部入口。它提供一种发电功率高和经济效益好的干熄焦再热发电系统。

Device and method for production of charcoal

FIELD: machine building. SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in metallurgy and chemical industry. Device for autogenous charcoal production includes mechanism 1 for feeding heated organic material, reaction vessel 2 and opening 13 for unloading charcoal. Reaction vessel 2 comprises reaction zone 22, cooling zone 23, tuyere 12, outlet openings 9 of reaction zone 22 made in its peripheral part. Outlet openings 9 of reaction zone 22 are arranged perpendicular to inlet openings 18 of reaction zone 22. Dry organic material is added to first end of reaction vessel 2, passed along flow path through reaction vessel and removed through outlet opening at second end of reaction vessel 2. Organic material is heated in heating zone 21 of reaction vessel 2 as it passes through reaction vessel 2 into reaction zone 22. Organic material is held in reaction zone 22 for autogenous decomposition of organic material into charcoal and pyroligneous gases. Charcoal is cooled in cooling zone 23 prior to discharge. Pyroligneous gases are removed via outlet opening 9 of reaction zone 22 so that gases move essentially perpendicular through material in reaction zone towards outlet opening 9 of reaction zone 22. EFFECT: invention enables to improve energy efficiency of process, increase productivity of reactor, higher yield of charcoal, higher quality of liquid products and faster cooling of charcoal, higher controllability of process. 24 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 608 599 C2 (51) МПК C10B 1/02 (2006.01) C10B 3/00 (2006.01) C10B 49/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ФОРМУЛА (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ 2014101600, 19.06.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 19.06.2012 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕЕВ Александр Владимирович (AU) Дата регистрации: 23.01.2017 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4935099 A, 19.06.1990. FR 621350 21.06.2011 AU ...

Способ и устройство для тушения кокса

РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 149 284 A (51) МПК C10B 39/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015149284, 21.05.2014 (71) Заявитель(и): АМБЬЕНТЕ Э НУТРИЦИОНЕ С.Р.Л. (IT) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ЧЕРЕА Джузеппина (IT) 21.05.2013 IT MI2013A 000826 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 21.12.2015 R U (43) Дата публикации заявки: 22.06.2017 Бюл. № 18 (86) Заявка PCT: (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2014/188346 (27.11.2014) R U (54) СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ТУШЕНИЯ КОКСА (57) Формула изобретения 1. Способ тушения кокса, полученного путем перегонки угля и имеющего температуру, выше или равную 900°С, включающий этапы, согласно которым: a) понижают температуру указанного кокса до примерно 700-300°С путем теплового обмена с текучей средой через стенки теплопроводного материала, помещенного между коксом и текучей средой; b) подают непрерывный поток указанного кокса при температуре примерно 700300°С в турбо-охладитель (Т), содержащий цилиндрический трубчатый корпус (18), закрытый на противоположных концах соответствующими концевыми пластинами (19, 20), оснащенный используемым охлаждающим кожухом (21) для его внутренней стенки, по меньшей мере одно входное отверстие (9) для кокса, по меньшей мере одно входное отверстие (10, 15, 16) для воды, по меньшей мере одно выпускное отверстие (11, 12) и вращательную часть, установленную в цилиндрическом трубчатом корпусе (5) с возможностью вращения и содержащую вал (13), оснащенный элементами (14), выступающими в радиальном направлении от указанного вала, а также выполненную с возможностью обработки и продвижения кокса; c) подают непрерывный поток воды при температуре, менее либо равной 100°С в турбо-охладитель (Т) через указанное по меньшей мере одно входное отверстие (10, Стр.: 1 A 2 0 1 5 1 4 9 2 8 4 A Адрес для переписки: 190000, Санкт-Петербург, BOX 1125, "ПАТЕНТИКА" 2 0 1 5 1 4 9 2 8 4 IB ...

一种有机质微波热解炭化装置

本发明公开了一种有机质微波热解炭化装置，涉及热解炭化技术领域。本发明包括炉体、炉盖以及载物框，炉盖一侧面通过铰座与炉体顶部铰接，炉盖一表面对称固定连接有两个吊杆，吊杆一侧面开设有销孔，载物框顶部对称固定连接有两个弹性竖板，弹性竖板一侧面固定有插销，插销一端与销孔内壁转动配合，两个弹性竖板侧面之间固定连接有限位弹簧，弹性竖板上端的周侧面固定连接有绝热层。本发明通过炉盖、载物框、吊杆、弹性竖板、插销和绝热层的设计，结构简单，加快了炭化后的原料冷却速度，避免了现有的微波热解炭化装置不方便取放原料，炭化后的原料在装置内冷却速度较慢，浪费时间，影响实验研究进程的问题。

Устройство и способ непрерывной карбонизации древесных стружек или отходов и других обугливаемых органических материалов

1. Устройство для производства древесного угля, содержащее:механизм подачи для подачи нагретого органического материала в реакционный сосуд,реакционный сосуд для поддерживания реакционного слоя органического материала, ипо меньшей мере, одно отверстие для выгрузки термически разложенного органического материала из реакционного сосуда, причем реакционный сосуд определяет путь потока, по которому через реакционный сосуд проходит органический материал и термическое разложение органического материала;при этом реакционный сосуд содержит:зону реакции для автогенной реакции органического материала в реакционном слое,зону охлаждения, имеющую, по меньшей мере, одно впускное отверстие для подачи охлаждающего газа в реакционный слой, и выходное отверстие для извлечения нагретого газа из реакционного слоя, ипо меньшей мере, одну фурму, проходящую через реакционный слой в зону реакции, для подачи газа в реакционную камеру.2. Устройство по п. 1, в котором реакционный сосуд содержит газоотводы для удаления газов и паров из реакционного сосуда.3. Устройство по п. 2, в котором первый газоотвод выполнен в периферийной части зоны реакции для удаления газа, подаваемого в зону реакции фурмой.4. Устройство по п. 1, дополнительно содержащее, по меньшей мере, один впуск газа, расположенный так, чтобы газы поступали в зону реакции, по существу, в центральной части реакционной камеры и перемещались перпендикулярно через поток материала к периферийной части реакционного сосуда.5. Устройство по п. 2, дополнительно содержащее, по меньшей мере, один впуск газа, расположенный так, чтобы газы поступали в зону реакции, по существу, в центра

Coke cooling method and apparatus

一种干熄焦炉牛腿结构

本发明涉及一种干熄焦炉牛腿结构，包括在干熄焦炉斜道区内由砌体组成的牛腿柱，所述砌体包括牛腿支撑砖和迎面砖；所述迎面砖为T型结构，T型迎面砖与对应侧的牛腿支撑砖间隔砌筑；T型迎面砖突出的两翼顺次相接，覆盖在牛腿支撑砖的外侧形成一层整体的保护层。本发明采用T型结构的迎面砖，T型迎面砖上突出的两翼能够将砌体上的灰缝进行覆盖遮挡，避免迎面砖一侧灰缝中的耐火泥因高温循环气体冲刷造成流失，解决了迎面砖因受剪切力作用而造成断裂、坍塌等问题，有效延长了干熄焦炉牛腿的使用寿命。

Apparatus for even cooling cokes of cokes dry quenching equipment

본 발명에 따른 건식소화설비의 균일냉각장치는, 건식소화설비의 쿨링챔버에 유입된 냉각가스가 순환되기 위해 배출되는 순환배출덕트; 및 상기 순환배출덕트에 제공되되, 상기 쿨링챔버 내의 코크스가 균일하게 냉각되도록 냉각가스의 배기량을 조절하는 배기조절수단;을 포함한다. 이와 같이 본 발명은, 냉각가스의 배기량을 조절하는 배기조절수단이 구성됨으로서, 건식소화설비 내에 냉각가스의 편류가 발생하더라도 쿨링챔버 내의 코크스를 균일하게 냉각시키도록 공급된 냉각가스의 잔류시간을 조절할 수 있다. 이에 따라, 일부 코크스가 충분히 냉각되지 않고 건식소화설비에서 나옴에 따라 후단에 배치된 벨트컨베이어에서 발생되는 열화를 방지할 수 있다. 나아가, 건식소화설비의 쿨링챔버에서 배출되는 냉각가스의 배기량을 조절하는 과정에서, 냉각가스를 냉각함에 따라 순화되어 다시 공급되는 냉각가스의 냉각능을 높일 수 있다. The apparatus for uniformly cooling a dry fire extinguishing system according to the present invention comprises: a circulation exhaust duct for discharging a cooling gas introduced into a cooling chamber of a dry fire extinguishing system to circulate; And exhaust control means provided in the circulation exhaust duct for controlling the amount of exhaust of the cooling gas so that the coke in the cooling chamber is uniformly cooled. As described above, according to the present invention, since the exhaust control means for regulating the amount of exhaust of the cooling gas is constituted, it is possible to control the residence time of the cooling gas supplied so as to uniformly cool the coke in the cooling chamber even if drifting of the cooling gas occurs in the dry fire extinguishing system . As a result, some of the coke is not cooled sufficiently and can be prevented from being deteriorated in the belt conveyor disposed at the rear end as it comes out of the dry fire extinguishing system. Further, in the process of controlling the amount of exhaust of the cooling gas discharged from the cooling chamber of the dry fire extinguishing system, the cooling ability of the cooling gas to be supplied after refining can be increased by cooling the cooling gas.

一种煤热解炉的火道弓

本发明公开一种煤热解炉的火道弓，设置在炭化室、内燃烧加热装置、焦改质装置下方的炉腔中，主要包括条弓和火弓中心环墙，所述的火弓中心环墙中部形成高温可燃废气通道653，所述的条弓一端固定在火弓中心环上，另一端固定在炉体上，条弓围绕火弓中心环墙中心以一定角度间隔辐射状散开布置，数量与内燃烧加热装置的主、副内火道总数一致，其中上一条火弓的墙体中铺设第三煤气进入支管和第三蓄热腔的延伸通道，紧相邻的另下一条火弓的墙体中铺设的一次补气管、二次补气管，如此重复铺设。本发明技术方案既给煤热解炉炉腔中的炭化室内环墙以及内燃烧加热装置的火道隔墙、中心环墙等提供支撑，同时又给内燃烧加热装置提供各种管道的铺设。

Method and apparatus for dry quenching of coke

프리 쳄버(pre-chamber)내에 공기를 도입함으로써, 가열 가스 및 미분 코우크스 연소 등에 따라 안전성 향상을 도모함과 동시에, 폐열 회수량의 증대를 도모할 경우에 있어서도 용재괴(clinker)의 부착이 발생되지 않은 코우크스 건식 소화 (dry quenching) 방법 및 소화 장치를 제공한다. 본 발명의 구성은 냉각실(2)과 그의 상부의 프리 쳄버(3)로 이루어진 소화탑(quenching tower)(1)을 구비하고, 상부로부터 적열 코우크스(9)를 장입하고, 상기 적열 코우크스의 현열(sensible heat)을 냉각실내에서 불활성 가스를 매체로 하여 열교환하고, 증기의 형태로 열회수하는 코우크스 건식 소화방법에 있어서, 프리 쳄버(3) 상부로부터 프리 쳄버 내에 공기(24)를 도입함과 동시에 물 또는 증기(26)를 도입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 코우크스 건식 소화 방법 및 장치로 되어 있다. 프리 쳄버(3)내 온도가 1150℃ 이하에서 유지되도록 프리 쳄버 내부로 도입된 공기(24)의 도입량과 물 또는 증기(26)의 도입량 중 하나 또는 둘 다를 제어한다.

Process and apparatus for quenching coke

FIELD: metallurgy.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metallurgy. In particular, the invention relates to a method for quenching coke, performed by distillation of coal (coking), and to an installation for carrying out this process. Method of quenching coke obtained by distillation of coal and having a temperature higher than or equal to 900°C, includes the steps of: a) lowering the temperature of said coke to about 700–300°C by heat exchange with a fluid through walls of a thermally conductive material interposed between coke and fluid, the fluid being selected from water and a diathermic oil; b) feeding a continuous flow of said coke at about 700–300°C into a turbo-cooler (T), comprising cylindrical tubular body (18), closed at opposite ends by respective end plates (19, 20), provided with cooling jacket (21) for the inner wall thereof, at least one inlet opening (9) for the coke, at least one inlet opening (10, 15, 16) for water, at least one discharge opening (11, 12) and a rotating part, rotatably supported in cylindrical tubular body (18) and comprising shaft (13) provided with elements (14) projecting radially from said shaft, adapted for the handling and advancement of the coke; c) feeding a continuous flow of water at a temperature less than or equal to 100°C into the turbo-cooler (T), through said at least one inlet opening (10, 15, 16) and subjecting said flow of coke and water to the action of the rotating part, which advances the coke towards said at least one discharge opening (11); d) continuously discharging from said at least one discharge opening (11, 12) a flow of coke at a temperature lower than or equal to 200°C, and a flow of water vapour.EFFECT: technical result of the invention consists in providing a method for quenching coke obtained during coking so as to ensure strict control of emissions of not only particles, but also, in particular, organic volatile substances in a stream of water vapour, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and ...

GAS PUMPING UNIT FOR INSTALLATION OF DRY EXTINGUISHING OF COX AND METHOD OF ITS OPERATION

1. Газоперекачивающий агрегат установки сухого тушения кокса, отличающийся тем, что снабжен множеством приборов для измерения температуры в печи и соплом воздушного обдува форкамеры в кольцевом направлении в установке сухого тушения кокса, газоотводящей трубкой для отвода части циркулирующего газа для охлаждения красного разогретого кокса в камере; при этом передний край газоотводящей трубки соединен с соплом воздушного обдува и установлен контроллер, обеспечивающий управление объемом воздуха и подаваемого в печь циркулирующего газа на основе измерения температуры в печи посредством приборов для измерения температуры. ! 2. Газоперекачивающий агрегат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что снабжен вентилятором обдува в качестве агрегата, перекачивающего воздух в форкамере, при этом передний край газоотводящей трубки присоединен к соплу между форкамерой и указанным вентилятором обдува, а указанное сопло имеет форму двойной трубки, в которой часть, через которую проходит воздух, и часть, через которую проходит низкотемпературный газ разделены. ! 3. Газоперекачивающий агрегат по п.1, отличающийся тем, что снабжен вентилятором обдува в качестве агрегата, перекачивающего воздух в форкамере, передний край газоотводящей трубки присоединен к всасывающей стороне вентилятора обдува, а вентилятор обдува используют как для подачи воздуха, так и для увеличения давления низкотемпературного газа, когда давление низкотемпературного газа является недостаточным. ! 4. Способ эксплуатации установки сухого тушения кокса, отличающийся тем, что управляют соотношением количества перемешанного газа (воздух + низкотемпературный газ), � РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2007 138 418 (13) A (51) МПК C10B 39/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ, ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21), (22) Заявка: 2007138418/15, 17.02.2006 (71) Заявитель(и): НИППОН СТИЛ ИНДЖИНИРИНГ КО., ЛТД. (JP) (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 17.03.2005 JP 2005-076286 (43) Дата публикации ...

Dry coke quenching apparatus

An apparatus and arrangement is disclosed for cooling glowing coke in a dry circuit which utilizes a cooling chamber divided by cooling walls into a plurality of parallel vertically extending cooling channels. The cooling walls are supplied with a cooling medium for indirectly cooling the glowing coke. A coke discharge mechanism in the form of a chute having a comb-like end and paddle wheels between the teeth of the comb is provided at the bottom of each cooling channel to discharge coke from the cooling chamber in a controlled fashion to an underlying after-chamber. Each cooling channel is provided with cooling gas for directly cooling the glowing coke. An arrangement utilizing the apparatus supplies cooling gas directly to the cooling channels which, after passing out of the cooling chamber, passes into a waste heat boiler which is supplied with water so that it is heated by the now hot cooling gas to produce steam. Cooling water is also provided to the cooling walls for producing additional steam and for being heated in the waste heat boiler.

Coke cooling device

Semi-dry coke quenching system

本发明提供了一种半干法熄焦系统，由浇熄物料进料端至出料端包括进料输送结构、第一冷却结构、第二冷却结构、出料输送结构。进料输送结构包括刮板输送机及推焦车。第一冷却结构包括水封槽，水封槽的中部设有若干个间隔设置的水平隔板，水平隔板上放置有浇熄物料。水封槽内且位于水平隔板的上方设有喷淋装置，喷淋装置用于对水平隔板上的浇熄物料进行第一次降温。第二冷却结构包括斜向上设置的斜溜槽，斜溜槽上设有第一次冷却的浇熄物料，斜溜槽上罩设有密封的水管冷却结构，水管冷却结构用于对浇熄物料进行第二次降温。出料输送结构包括密封出料系统及转载皮带输送机。本发明的半干法熄焦系统有结构简单、安全可靠、环保的优点。

Device for thermochemical harmonisation and gasification of wet biomass and its application

FIELD: process engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of power carrier and/or stock carrier from water-containing and/or dry biomass. Invention covers the device for thermochemical carbonation and gasification of wet biomass and its application. This device comprises carbonation heated reactor wherein biomass is converted into solid, liquid or gaseous power carrier and/or stock carrier. Converted biomass is directed via closing outlet into cooling tank for temporary store of power carrier and/or stock carrier, said tank being connected with carbonation reactor. Cooling tank is connected with gasification heated reactor wherein gas and wastes like ash are separated from power carrier. Carbonation reactor is enclosed in heating jacket for feed of heat power and extra heat power from gasification reactor. Energy of cooling from cooling tank is fed to gasification reactor cooling jacket. Water is fed to cooling reactor to allow a continuous working cycle. Reaction gas is fed from carbonation reactor and/or cooling tank into gas store vessel. EFFECT: production of all carbon from biomass gases, ruled out critical reaction products as gases and evaporation via combustion in gasification reaction. 12 cl, 4 dwg, 2 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/26 C10J 3/66 (11) (13) 2 562 112 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012151909/10, 14.02.2011 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 14.02.2011 (72) Автор(ы): ДЕМИР Эльхан (DE) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ЦББ ГМБХ (DE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.01.2015 Бюл. № 1 R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 14.02.2011 (45) Опубликовано: 10.09.2015 Бюл. № 25 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 05.07.2013 (86) Заявка PCT: DE 2011/075023 (14.02.2011) 2 5 6 2 1 1 2 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: DE 10 2008047201 A1, 15.04.2010. WO2010063206 A1, 10. ...

Coke dry quenching apparatus and method of the same

본 발명의 일 실시예는 건식 소화 장치의 내부로 순환가스를 공급하는 송풍부의 고장 또는 장애 발생시, 건식 소화 장치의 내부로 외부 공기가 유입되어 코크스가 착화되는 것을 방지하도록 불활성 가스를 공급하도록 구조를 개선한 건식 소화 장치 및 방법을 제공하는 것으로, 본 발명의 일 측면에 따른 건식 소화 장치는 코크스의 공급 및 배출을 위한 입구 및 출구가 구비되며, 내부에는 적열 코크스의 냉각을 위한 저장공간이 제공되는 본체; 상기 본체의 하부에 제공되어 상기 본체로 상기 코크스의 냉각을 위한 순환가스를 공급토록 연계되는 송풍부; 상기 본체의 일측에 제공되어 상기 본체 내부의 온도를 측정하는 감온부; 및 상기 감온부에 의해 측정된 상기 본체 내부의 온도가 설정온도 이상이면, 상기 코크스의 연소를 위해 상기 본체 내부로 불활성가스를 공급하는 연소억제부;를 포함한다. In an embodiment of the present invention, when a malfunction or failure occurs in a blowing unit that supplies circulating gas to the inside of the dry fire extinguishing system, external air is introduced into the dry extinguishing system to supply an inert gas to prevent ignition of the coke. The present invention provides a dry fire extinguishing system and method in which a dry fire extinguishing system according to an aspect of the present invention is provided with an inlet and an outlet for supplying and discharging coke and a storage space for cooling the glow- A main body; A blowing unit provided at a lower portion of the main body and connected to the main body to supply a circulating gas for cooling the coke; A temperature sensing unit provided on one side of the main body to measure a temperature inside the main body; And a combustion suppression unit for supplying an inert gas into the main body for combustion of the coke if the temperature inside the main body measured by the temperature sensing unit is equal to or higher than a set temperature.

Apparatus and method for extinguishing the red heated coke

본 발명은 코크스오븐의 탄화실로부터 압출된 적열 코크스가 적재되어 있는 소화차량에 대응하여 복수개의 구간으로 구분되어 있는 소화탑에서 상기 적열 코크스를 소화시키기 위한 소화장치에 관한 것으로서, 상기 소화탑의 복수개의 구간 각각에 설치되는 복수개의 워터펌프와, 상기 워터펌프 각각에 물공급이 가능하게 연결되어 있고 상기 소화차량의 진행방향에 대해 수직으로 배치되어 있으며 복수개의 살수노즐이 설치되어 있는 복수열의 파이프와, 상기 소화차가 진입하는 상기 소화탑의 전방에 설치되어 상기 소화차량에 적재된 적열코크스의 온도 및 적재레벨을 측정하기 위한 온도측정수단 및 레벨측정수단과, 상기 온도측정수단 및 레벨측정수단에 의해 측정되는 적열코크스의 온도 및 적재레벨을 상기 소화차의 소화차량별로 구분할 수 있도록 상기 소화차량들을 구별하기 위한 차량위치 감지센서와, 상기 온도측정수단 및 레벨측정수단과 상기 차량위치 감지센서로부터 전송되는 신호에 따라서 상기 소화차량 각각에 살수되는 살수량 및 살수시간을 조절하도록 상기 복수개의 워터펌프 각각의 작동을 제어하는 제어수단으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하므로, 과다 살수에 따른 환경오염을 방지하고 효과적으로 적열 코크스를 소화시킬 수 있다. The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing device for extinguishing the red coke in a fire extinguishing tower divided into a plurality of sections corresponding to a fire extinguishing vehicle loaded with coke extruded from a carbonization chamber of a coke oven. A plurality of water pumps installed in each of the four sections, a plurality of pipes connected to each of the water pumps so as to enable water supply, and arranged perpendicularly to the traveling direction of the fire extinguishing vehicle, and provided with a plurality of water spray nozzles; And a temperature measuring means and a level measuring means for measuring a temperature and a loading level of the red coke loaded on the fire extinguishing vehicle, installed in front of the digestion tower into which the fire extinguishing vehicle enters, and by the temperature measuring means and the level measuring means. The temperature and loading level of the measured red coke can be classified according to the fire extinguishing vehicles of the fire truck. A vehicle position detecting sensor for distinguishing the fire extinguishing vehicles, the water sprinkling time and the watering time to be sprayed on each of the fire extinguishing vehicles according to a signal transmitted from the temperature measuring means and the level measuring means and the vehicle position detecting sensor. Since it ...

Apparatus for discharging in cokes dry quenching facilities

본 발명은 소화탑의 하부에 설치되는 벙커 플레이트(Bunker Plate) 및 슬루잉 테이블(Slew Table)의 손상을 방지할 수 있는 코크스 건식 소화설비의 코크스 불출 장치에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명의 일 실시형태에 따른 코크스 건식 소화설비의 코크스 불출 장치는 코크스 건식 소화설비에 구성되는 소화탑에서 냉각된 코크스를 소화탑의 하부에 배치되는 벨트 컨베이어로 불출시키는 장치로서, 상기 코크스가 소화탑의 내부에서 하부로 낙하되는 것을 단속하도록 상기 소화탑의 하단에 설치되는 다수의 스윙 게이트(Swing Gate)와; 상기 소화탑의 하부를 둘러싸도록 연결되고, 내부가 중공되면서 하단부에는 배출구가 형성되어 상기 스윙 게이트를 통과하면서 낙하되는 코크스를 배출구 방향으로 유도시키는 벙커 플레이트(Bunker Plate)와; 상기 벙커 플레이트의 배출구에 연결되어 상기 소화탑 내부와의 기밀을 유지하면서 코크스를 상기 벨트 컨베이어로 유도하도록 구비되고, 상기 배출구와 연결되는 부위에는 상기 배출구를 통하여 배출되는 코크스의 낙하 경로를 안내하는 슬루잉 테이블(Slew Table)이 구비되는 락 호퍼(Lock Hopper)를 포함하고, 상기 스윙 게이트를 통과하여 낙하되는 코크스가 상기 벙커 플레이트의 내주면 및 슬루잉 테이블에 직접 충격을 가하는 것을 방지하도록 상기 벙커 플레이트의 내주면에는 다수의 스톤박스 유닛이 설치되는 것을 특징으로 한다.

Improved combustion profiles for coke production

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to combustion profiles of a coke furnace, as well as to methods and systems for optimization of operation and output of a coke plant. Method comprises: loading coal layer into chamber of horizontal coke furnace with heat recovery; creation of negative pressure in the furnace chamber for the thrust so that air is sucked into the furnace chamber through at least one air inlet located for arrangement of the furnace chamber in fluid communication with the environment of the horizontal coke furnace with heat recuperation. Then initiation of carbonization cycle of coal layer so that volatile substance is released from coal layer, mixed with air and at least partially burned inside furnace chamber, generating heat inside furnace chamber. Suction by negative pressure rod of volatile substance into at least one bottom channel located below furnace bottom, at that at least part of volatile substance burning inside bottom channel generates heat inside bottom channel, which is at least partially transmitted through under furnace to layer coal. Suction by means of thrust of negative pressure of exhaust gases from at least one bottom channel, measurement of temperature in furnace chamber and detection of multiple successive temperature changes during carbonization cycle. Further, negative pressure thrust is reduced by a plurality of consecutive separate flow reduction steps in response to detecting each of the plurality of successive temperature changes until, until the measured temperature reaches the peak temperature at which the negative pressure rod drops to the minimum value. EFFECT: technical result consists in performance of coking with higher speed, which enables to use higher loads of coal. 27 cl, 15 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 697 555 C2 (51) МПК C10B 21/10 (2006.01) C10B 21/12 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10B 21/10 (2019.05); ...

System for coke furnace loading

FIELD: metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: system comprises an elongated loading frame having a distal end portion, a proximal end portion and opposite lateral sides; and a loading head configured to be connected to the distal end portion of the elongated loading frame. The loading head comprises a flat housing located within the plane of the loading head and having an upper edge portion, a lower edge portion, opposite side portions, a front side and a rear side; and additionally, comprises a pair of opposite wings having free end portions spaced from the loading head, forming open spaces which extend from the inner surfaces of the opposite wings through the plane of the loading head. In other embodiments, the extruding plate is located on the rear side of the loading head and is oriented to cooperate and seal the coal when the coal is loaded throughout the length of the coke furnace. In other embodiments, the loading plates extend outwardly from the interior surfaces of the opposite wings. EFFECT: increasing productivity of the coke furnace. 38 cl, 29 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 644 461 C1 (51) МПК C10B 31/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (52) СПК C10B 31/00 (2006.01) (21)(22) Заявка: 2017110017, 28.08.2015 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: Дата регистрации: 12.02.2018 28.08.2014 US 62/043,359 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 6059932 A, 09.05.2000. US (45) Опубликовано: 12.02.2018 Бюл. № 5 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 28.03.2017 3912091 A, 14.10.1975. US 4211611 A, 08.07.1980. US 5447606 A, 05.09.1995. US 20120030998 A1, 09.02.2012. SU 603346 A3, 15.04.1978. (86) Заявка PCT: 2 6 4 4 4 6 1 R U (87) Публикация заявки PCT: WO 2016/033511 (03.03.2016) C 1 C 1 US 2015/047511 (28.08.2015) 2 6 4 4 4 6 1 (73) Патентообладатель(и): САНКОУК ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ ЭНД ДИВЕЛОПМЕНТ ЭлЭлСи (US) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: R U 28. ...

Heat removal and recovery in biomass pyrolysis

Pyrolysis methods and apparatuses that allow effective heat removal, for example when necessary to achieve a desired throughput or process a desired type of biomass, are disclosed. According to representative methods, the use of a quench medium (e.g., water), either as a primary or a secondary type of heat removal, allows greater control of process temperatures, particularly in the reheater where char, as a solid byproduct of pyrolysis, is combusted. Quench medium may be distributed to one or more locations within the reheater vessel, such as above and/or within a dense phase bed of fluidized particles of a solid heat carrier (e.g., sand) to better control heat removal.