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Применить Всего найдено 8635. Отображено 100.
10-06-2013 дата публикации

КОМПЛЕКС ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ ХИМИЧЕСКОГО БЛОКА КОКСОХИМИЧЕСКОГО ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

Номер: RU0000128881U1
Автор: Ивушкин Анатолий Алексеевич, Мочалов Сергей Павлович, Школлер Марк Борисович
Принадлежит: Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "СИБИРСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ"

Комплекс устройств химического блока коксохимического предприятия, включающий газосборник коксовых батарей, первичный газовый холодильник, по входу соединенный с газосборником, механизированный осветлитель со сборниками воды, смолы, фусов и жидких отходов, соединенный по входу с газосборником и первичным газовым холодильником, соединенный по выходу со сборниками воды, смолы, фусов и жидких отходов, устройство для очистки газа от нафталина, аммиака, соединенное по входу с первичным газовым холодильником и по выходу - со сборниками воды, смолы, фусов и жидких отходов, устройство конечного охлаждения газа и улавливания сырого бензола, соединенное по входу с устройством очистки газа от нафталина, устройство для выделения сырого бензола, соединенное по входу с устройством конечного охлаждения и улавливания сырого бензола, устройство для ректификации сырого бензола, соединенное по входу с устройством для выделения сырого бензола, отличающийся тем, что в состав данного комплекса дополнительно включены диспергатор для получения смоловодяной эмульсии, соединенный по входу со сборниками смолы, воды, фусов, жидких отходов, аллотермический газогенератор смоловодяной эмульсии, соединенный по входу с диспергатором, газгольдер водяного газа, соединенный по входу с аллотермическим газогенератором, устройство для выделения водорода из коксового газа, соединенное по входу с устройством конечного охлаждения и улавливания сырого бензола, газгольдер водорода, соединенный по входу с устройством выделения водорода из коксового газа, смеситель для получения синтез-газа, соединенный по входу с газгольдером водяного газа и газгольдером водорода, устройство синтеза моторного топлива, соединенное со смесителем для получения синтез-газа. РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 128 881 U1 (51) МПК C10B 57/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ПОЛЕЗНОЙ МОДЕЛИ К ПАТЕНТУ 2012126773/05, 26.06.2012 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия ...

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Номер записи: 1
10-04-2016 дата публикации

УСТРОЙСТВО МИКРОВОЛНОВОЙ СУШКИ КЕКА

Номер: RU0000160802U1
Автор: Аксенов Владимир Александрович, Филиппов Александр Николаевич, Щербаков Сергей Федорович
Принадлежит: Аксенов Владимир Александрович, Филиппов Александр Николаевич, Щербаков Сергей Федорович

Устройство микроволновой сушки кека характеризуется тем, что включает нагревательную камеру волновода со съёмной крышкой, с СВЧ-источником и радиопрозрачной диэлектрической трубой внутри, тюнер для защиты магнетрона от отражённой волны, механизм вращения трубы нагревательной камеры, труба в волноводе установлена на роликовые опоры из радиопрозрачного материала; двух-шнековый самоочищающийся питатель; приборы контроля и регулирования мощности СВЧ-источника; систему поглощения излишков СВЧ-волны; систему охлаждения СВЧ-источника; систему пароудаления из трубы нагревательной камеры волновода. И 1 160802 ко РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ Во“” 160 802“ Ц4 ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ИЗВЕЩЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ НА ПОЛЕЗНУЮ МОДЕЛЬ ММ9К Досрочное прекращение действия патента из-за неуплаты в установленный срок пошлины за поддержание патента в силе Дата прекращения действия патента: 22.08.2020 Дата внесения записи в Государственный реестр: 20.05.2021 Дата публикации и номер бюллетеня: 20.05.2021 Бюл. №14 Стр.: 1 па с0309 1 ЕП

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Номер записи: 2
28-02-2017 дата публикации

Герметизирующее устройство с азотным затвором для печи пиролиза для производства углеродных волокон из гидратцеллюлозных волокон

Номер: RU0000168924U1
Автор: Лазарев Михаил Николаевич, Озолин Александр Александрович
Принадлежит: Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Министерство промышленности и торговли Российской Федерации (Минпромторг России)

Полезная модель относится к области производства углеродных волокон из гидратцеллюлозных волокон, а именно к устройствам для герметизации входа и выхода печи пиролиза, и может быть использована в процессе получения непрерывных жгутовых или ленточных углеродных материалов. Задачей полезной модели является разработка азотного затвора печи пиролиза с герметизирующим устройством, техническим результатом при использовании которой является обеспечение высокой степени герметичности, создание аэродинамических возмущений, поддерживающих необходимое давление в рабочей камере, обеспечение выхода продуктов пиролиза через предусмотренные патрубки, а также обеспечение отсутствия напряжения обрабатываемого материала, способного нарушить условия транспортирования и целостность материала. Технический результат при осуществлении полезной модели достигается тем, что предложен азотный затвор печи пиролиза с герметизирующим устройством, характеризующийся тем, что выполнен в виде расположенного на оснащенной колесами откатной тележке коробчатого корпуса с охлаждающими ребрами и с выполненным с одной стороны коробчатого корпуса щелевидным фланцем для присоединения коробчатого корпуса к рабочей камере печи пиролиза и со стыковочным фланцем с другой стороны коробчатого корпуса для присоединения герметизирующего устройства, при этом герметизирующее устройство выполнено в виде совпадающего по форме стыковочного фланца плоского корпуса с жестко установленной на плоском корпусе опорной площадкой для непрерывно движущегося обрабатываемого волокна через выполненное в плоском корпусе щелевидное отверстие выхода обрабатываемого волокна за пределы рабочего пространства печи пиролиза, плоский корпус герметизирующего устройства снабжен выполненным из термопрочной ткани гибким надуваемым азотом элементом, охватываемым сверху закрепленной на плоском корпусе втулкой с регулируемым штифтом прижимной планкой в виде сегмента трубчатой формы, причем поверхность гибкого надуваемого азотом элемента покрыта ...

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Номер записи: 3
02-02-2012 дата публикации

Catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition

Номер: US20120029243A1
Автор: Emmanouil Pantouflas, Roman Prochazka, Stephan Schunk
Принадлежит: BASF SE

The present invention relates to a composition (“composite”) comprising lignin and at least one catalyst dispersed in the composition. The invention further provides a process for producing such a catalyst- and lignin-comprising composition and its use for preparing an aromatics composition.

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Номер записи: 4
09-02-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for compacting coal for a coal coking process

Номер: US20120030998A1
Автор: John Sanor, Michael P. Barkdoll, Richard C. Retort
Принадлежит: Sun Coke Co

Relatively high speed methods for increasing the bulk density of coal particles without impacting the coal particles and an apparatus for compacting coal for making metallurgical coke. The method includes depositing coal particles onto a charging plate external to a coking oven. The charging plate has side walls, and at least one movable end wall to provide an elongate bed of dry, uncompacted coal having an upper surface on the charging plate. The uncompacted coal is compacted by passing a vibratory cylindrical compactor along a length of the uncompacted coal for a number of passes sufficient to decrease a thickness of the bed of coal to less than about 80 percent of an original thickness of the uncompacted coal. The vibratory cylindrical compactor has a length to diameter ratio ranging from about 1.4:1 to about 2:1.

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Номер записи: 5
16-02-2012 дата публикации

Multi-functional catalyst composition for the conversion of biomass

Номер: US20120037486A1
Автор: Paul O'Connor, Sjoerd Daamen, Steve Yanlk
Принадлежит: Kior Inc

A process is disclosed for the conversion of cellulosic biomass, in particular ligno-cellulosic biomass. The process comprises heating the biomass to a conversion temperature in the range of from 200 to 500° C. in the presence of a catalyst system. The catalyst system comprises a basic functionality comprising an alkali metal component and a multivalent metal component. The catalyst system optionally further comprises an acidic component.

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Номер записи: 6
01-03-2012 дата публикации

Biomass Pretreatment for Fast Pyrolysis to Liquids

Номер: US20120047794A1
Автор: Dennis Stamires, Michael Brady, Robert Bartek
Принадлежит: Kior Inc

Aspects of the present invention relate to methods, systems, and compositions for preparing a solid biomass for fast pyrolysis. The method includes contacting the solid biomass with an inorganic material present in an effective amount for increasing fast pyrolysis yield of an organic liquid product (e.g., bio-oil). In various embodiments, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.

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Номер записи: 7
29-03-2012 дата публикации

Charcoal reactor system

Номер: US20120073949A1
Автор: John Flottvik
Принадлежит: Individual

A reactor for converting organic feed is provided. A retort extends through the furnace of the reactor. The retort has a retort auger, an inlet and an outlet. The reactor includes a charcoal delivery assembly having a collection line, delivery line, and a transfer zone. The collection line is adjacent to the outlet of the retort receives charcoal from the retort, and contains a collection auger with a flighted portion extending at least partially therethrough. The delivery line is connected to a downstream portion of the collection line and has a flighted delivery auger extending therethrough. The transfer zone is a space, between a downstream end of the flighted portion of the collection auger and an upstream end of the flighted delivery auger, where charcoal collected and delivered by the collection auger forms a plug, thereby blocking biogas from the retort from entering the delivery line.

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Номер записи: 8
05-04-2012 дата публикации

Coal Liquefaction System

Номер: US20120082593A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller, Elliot B. Kennel
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure relates to a coal liquefaction system for utilizing a hydrogenated vegetable oil to liquefy coal. The system includes a reactor for exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, a heater that elevates the temperature of the slurry in the reactor to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and a centrifuge that separates the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing. The system may also include a distillation column that distills the de-ashed coal extract to obtain a pitch. The system may also include a coker that cokes at least one of the de-ashed coal extract and the pitch to obtain a coke

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Номер записи: 9
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Rubber Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091043A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a rubber material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a rubber material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

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Номер записи: 10
19-04-2012 дата публикации

Sewage Material in Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120091044A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction using a sewage material. A method of obtaining a de-ashed coal extract includes exposing a coal to a sewage material in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, and separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract, wherein the coal extract is suitable for downstream processing.

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Номер записи: 11
26-04-2012 дата публикации

Method of Obtaining a High Quality Coke from Low Rank Coal Liquefaction

Номер: US20120097580A1
Автор: Alfred H. Stiller
Принадлежит: Quantex Research Corp

The present disclosure provides methods and systems for coal liquefaction and obtaining a obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract. A method of obtaining a high quality coke from a low rank coal extract may include exposing a coal to a hydrogenated vegetable oil in the presence of a coal-derived solvent to form a slurry, elevating the temperature of the slurry to facilitate liquefying the coal and liberating a volatile matter, separating the insoluble components from the slurry to obtain a de-ashed coal extract that is quinoline insoluble-free, distilling the coal extract under vacuum to obtain a pitch with a suitable softening point, and coking the pitch to obtain a coke. The coke may be at least one of an anisotropic coke, a metallurgical coke, a graphite coke, an anode coke, and a needle coke.

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Номер записи: 12
21-06-2012 дата публикации

Methods of Upgrading Asphaltene Compositions

Номер: US20120151834A1
Автор: Julian Kift, Willem P. C. Duyvesteyn
Принадлежит: Marathon Oil Canada Corp

Methods for pyrolyzing asphaltene material includes providing a composition including from 50 to 90 wt % asphaltene material and from 50 to 10 wt % inert material, and pyrolyzing the composition. The presence of the inert material can help to ensure that the asphaltene material does not interfere with the pyrolyzing process and equipment. Method of forming asphaltene pellets can also be used in order to improve asphaltene pyrolysis.

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Номер записи: 13
05-07-2012 дата публикации

Biochar Process and Apparatus

Номер: US20120168297A1
Автор: Russell Burnett
Принадлежит: Biochar Energy Systems Pty Ltd

A pyrolysis apparatus for processing carbon rich precursor feedstock into carbon rich biochar and associated carbon rich by-products includes a combustion chamber for high temperature low oxidative combustion of the feedstock having an inlet for the feedstock at a first end and outlet for the biochar at a second end; a heater to heat the combustion chamber; at least one gaseous outlet positioned between the first and second ends and communicating with an interior of the chamber, each of the gaseous outlets provided with an air venturi to control extraction of pyrolysis gas generated within the combustion chamber.

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Номер записи: 14
09-08-2012 дата публикации

Systems and processes for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and hydrocarbonaceous materials for production of aromatics with optional olefin recycle, and catalysts having selected particle size for catalytic pyrolysis

Номер: US20120203042A1
Автор: Anne Mae Gaffney, George W. Huber, Jungho Jae, Yu-Ting Cheng
Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc, University of Massachusetts UMass

This invention relates to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product, and more specifically, to compositions and methods for fluid hydrocarbon product via catalytic pyrolysis. Some embodiments relate to methods for the production of specific aromatic products (e.g., benzene, toluene, naphthalene, xylene, etc.) via catalytic pyrolysis. Some such methods may involve the use of a composition comprising a mixture of a solid hydrocarbonaceous material and a heterogeneous pyrolytic catalyst component. In some embodiments, an olefin compound may be co-fed to the reactor and/or separated from a product stream and recycled to the reactor to improve yield and/or selectivity of certain products. The methods described herein may also involve the use of specialized catalysts. For example, in some cases, zeolite catalysts may be used. In some instances, the catalysts are characterized by particle sizes in certain identified ranges that can lead to improve yield and/or selectivity of certain products.

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Номер записи: 15
16-08-2012 дата публикации

Method and apparatus for producing carbon iron composite

Номер: US20120204678A1
Автор: Hidekazu Fujimoto, Takashi Anyashiki, Takeshi Sato, Tetsuya Yamamoto
Принадлежит: JFE Steel Corp

Carbon iron composite is produced by feeding a formed product of a carbon-containing substance and an iron-containing substance into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing the formed product in a carbonization zone, blowing a coolant gas into the furnace through a coolant-gas-blowing tuyere disposed in a cooling zone to cool carbon iron composite, exhausting a furnace gas through an outlet in a top portion, and discharging the carbon iron composite through a lower portion of the cooling zone.

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Номер записи: 16
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Method for enhancing soil growth using bio-char

Номер: US20120304719A1
Автор: Mark L. Jarand, Michael Cheiky, Ronald A. Sills
Принадлежит: Cool Planet Energy Systems Inc

A method is described for rendering char from a biomass fractionator apparatus (BMF char) suitable for addition to soil in high concentrations, the method relying on multiple processes comprising removing detrimental hydrocarbons from BMF char, removing adsorbed gases from BMF char, introducing microorganisms to the BMF char, and adjusting sail pH.

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Номер записи: 17
06-12-2012 дата публикации

Coal processing to upgrade low rank coal having low oil content

Номер: US20120305379A1
Автор: Deane A. Horne, Dennis W. Coolidge, Ronn G. Smith
Принадлежит: MR&E Ltd

A method of treating untreated low calorific coal containing moisture and organic volatiles includes feeding untreated coal to a dryer, and drying the coal. The dried coal is subjected to a pyrolyzing step where oxygen-deficient gases are brought into contact with the coal, thereby lowering the volatile content of the coal and producing a stream of pyrolysis effluent gases. The pyrolysis effluent gases are subjected to a separation process to separate lean fuel gases from liquids and tars, wherein the separation process removes less than about 20 percent of the pyrolysis effluent gases as the liquids and tars, with the remainder being the lean fuel gases. The lean fuel gases are returned to the dryer combustor, the pyrolyzer combustor, or the pyrolyzer.

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Номер записи: 18
31-01-2013 дата публикации

Asphalt Binder Modifier Composition

Номер: US20130029101A1
Автор: Dan STROPE, Jeffrey C. Trewalla
Принадлежит: Kior Inc

Asphalt binder modifiers derived from the thermo-catalytic conversion of biomass are provided. The asphalt binder modifiers are useful as anti-stripping agents and in increasing tensile strength ratios for asphalt concrete, asphalt-containing roofing materials, and other asphalt applications.

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Номер записи: 19
14-03-2013 дата публикации

Process for treating coal using multiple dual zone steps

Номер: US20130062186A1
Автор: Franklin G. Rinker
Принадлежит: Individual

A process for treating agglomerating coal includes drying coal in a drying step, and treating the dried coal in an oxidizing step to form oxides sufficient to convert the coal into a substantially non-agglomerating coal. The oxidized coal is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis step to form coal char, and the coal char is cooled. At least one of the drying, oxidizing, and pyrolyzing steps is a dual zone step, with the dual zone step having a first zone and a second zone, with the temperature of the second zone being higher than that of the first zone.

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Номер записи: 20
28-03-2013 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR HYDROCONVERSION OF PETROLEUM FEEDSTOCKS VIA A SLURRY TECHNOLOGY ALLOWING THE RECOVERY OF METALS FROM THE CATALYST AND FROM THE FEEDSTOCK USING A COKING STEP

Номер: US20130075303A1
Автор: HERAUD Jean Philippe, Morel Frédéric, Quignard Alain
Принадлежит: IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES

A process for hydroconversion of heavy petroleum feedstocks comprising a hydroconversion step of the feedstock in at least one reactor containing a slurry catalyst and allowing the recovery of metals in the unconverted residual fraction, in particular those used as catalysts, The process comprises a hydroconversion step, a gas/liquid separation step, a coking step, a combustion step, a metals extraction step and a step of preparing catalytic solutions which are recycled to the hydroconversion step. 1. Process for hydroconversion of heavy petroleum feedstocks containing metals comprising:a) a step of hydroconversion of the feedstock in at least one reactor containing a slurry catalyst containing at least one metal, and optionally a solid additive,b) a step of separation of the hydroconversion effluent without decompression into a so-called light fraction containing the compounds boiling at a maximum temperature of 500° C. and a residual fraction,b′) optionally a fractionation step comprising a separation under vacuum of said residual fraction as obtained in step b), and a vacuum residue with a high concentration of metals is obtained,c) a step of coking of said residual fraction as obtained in step b) and/or of said vacuum residue as obtained in step b′) making it possible to obtain a solid effluent containing coke,d) a step of combustion of said solid effluent containing coke at a temperature comprised between 200 and 700° C. making it possible to obtain ashes with a high concentration of metals,e) a step of extraction of the metals from the ashes obtained in the combustion step,f) a step of preparation of metallic solution(s) containing at least the metal of the catalyst which is/are recycled(s) as catalyst in the hydroconversion step.2. Process according to in which said so-called light fraction originating from the separation step without decompression is subjected to at least one hydrotreatment and/or hydrocracking step.3. Process according to claim 1 , in which ...

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Номер записи: 21
11-04-2013 дата публикации

Raw petroleum coke composition for anode material for lithium ion secondary battery

Номер: US20130089491A1
Автор: Ippei Fujinaga, Takashi Oyama, Takashi Suzuki, Tamotsu Tano, Toshiyuki Oda
Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

Provided is a raw petroleum coke composition as a raw material of an anode carbon material that can improve, when a battery is discharged at a high current, the ratio capable of maintaining the capacity obtained during discharge at a low current. More specifically, provided is a raw petroleum coke composition for an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, the raw petroleum coke composition being produced by subjecting a heavy-oil composition to a delayed coking process, and comprising an atomic ratio of hydrogen atoms H to carbon atoms C(H/C atomic ratio) of 0.30 to 0.50, and a micro-strength of 7 to 17% by weight. Further provided are a method for producing an anode carbon material of a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising the steps of: pulverizing the raw petroleum coke composition into particles having an average particle diameter of 5 to 30 μm, and subjecting the particles to carbonization and/or graphitization; and a lithium ion secondary battery comprising an anode comprising such a carbon material.

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Номер записи: 22
30-05-2013 дата публикации

Systems and Methods for Developing Terrestrial and Algal Biomass Feedstocks and Bio-Refining the Same

Номер: US20130137154A1
Автор: Reep Paul
Принадлежит: ORIGINOIL, INC.

Methods and systems for developing and bio-refining or processing biomass feedstocks into a spectrum of bio-based products which can be used as a substitute for fossil oil derivatives in various types of product manufacturing processes and/or the production of bio-energy are disclosed. In addition, methods and systems for identifying, measuring and controlling key parameters in relation to specific biomass developing processes and bio-refining processes so as to maximize the efficiency and efficacy of such processes while standardizing the underlying parameters to facilitate and enhance large-scale production of bio-based products and/or bio-energy are disclosed. 1. A method for processing standardized biomass feedstocks to yield bio-based products , comprising:providing a standardized biomass feedstock;formatting the standardized biomass feedstock for subsequent refinement; andprocessing the standardized biomass feedstock to yield bio-based products therefrom.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a standardized biomass feedstock comprises providing one of: a terrestrial biomass feedstock and a high moisture content biomass feedstock.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the terrestrial biomass feedstock comprises one of: a herbaceous biomass feedstock claim 2 , a woody biomass feedstock claim 2 , an agricultural food claim 2 , an agricultural feed crop claim 2 , an agricultural crop waste claim 2 , an agricultural residue claim 2 , a wood waste claim 2 , a wood residue claim 2 , an aquatic plant claim 2 , a vegetable oil claim 2 , a livestock manure claim 2 , a municipal waste claim 2 , and an industrial waste.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein the high moisture content biomass feedstock comprises one of: algae claim 2 , beet pulp claim 2 , and sludge.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein providing a standardized biomass feedstock comprises providing a standardized mixture of constituent biomass feedstock components.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the mixture ...

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Номер записи: 23
04-07-2013 дата публикации

Method and Apparatus for Treating of Raw Biomaterial

Номер: US20130168223A1
Автор: Huttunen Juha
Принадлежит:

The object of the invention is a method and an apparatus relating to the dry distillation of raw biomaterial and to the recovery of different compounds as a continuous process. In the method according to the invention, raw material is dry distilled in at least two separate dry distillation zones maintained in pressures and/or temperatures different from each other. A multi-layer dry distiller pertaining to the apparatus according to the invention consists of at least two separate dry distillation tubes maintained in different pressures and/or temperatures from each other to implement different dry distillation zones. 12. A method for the treating of raw biomaterial and particularly for the continuous dry distillation of raw biomaterial , characterised by dry distilling raw material in at least two separate dry distillation zones () maintained in pressures and/or temperatures different from each other.222. A method according to claim 1 , characterised by recovering gasifiable materials and compounds from the dry distillation zones () being in different conditions such that they cannot mix with gasifiable materials and compounds in other dry distillation zones ().3. A method according to or claim 1 , characterised by claim 1 , in the method claim 1 , dry distilling powdery raw biomaterial.432. A method according to any one of - claims 1 , characterised by dry distilling raw biomaterial in overlapping and antiparallel dry distillation zones ().52422. A method according to claim 1 , characterised by compressing raw material in the dry distillation zone () into a compact and well heat-conductive mass by a piston () which also pushes the raw material in the dry distillation zone () forward in the conveyance step of raw material and compresses the dry distillation zone () during the dry distillation step.622. A method according to claim 1 , characterised by inducing raw material to flow between the overlapping dry distillation zones () in the horizontal direction back and ...

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Номер записи: 24
08-08-2013 дата публикации

TREATING WASTE STREAMS WITH ORGANIC CONTENT

Номер: US20130199918A1
Автор: Jones Coyte R., Jones Robert C.
Принадлежит:

Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods for treating, remediating, or abating carbon-containing wastes generate at least one of clean water; non-toxic, non-hazardous ash; or power. Some embodiments are modular, permitting rapid deployment, flexible configuration, and easy transportation. Embodiments of the systems treat carbon-containing aqueous waste, carbon-containing waste, or a combination thereof. The systems, devices, and methods are particularly suited to treating hydrocarbon-containing waste generated in oil and natural gas drilling and hydrofracturing. 1. A method for remediating a carbon-containing aqueous waste , the method comprising:electrocoagulating the carbon-containing aqueous waste to provide floc and a liquid phase;removing the floc from the liquid phase;physically separating the liquid phase into a light fraction and a heavy fraction;converting at least a portion of the light fraction into water with a selected purity;mixing at least one of the floc and the heavy fraction with a carbon-based material to provide a mixture;gasifying the mixture to provide ash and syngas.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein converting at least a portion of the light fraction comprises at least one of microfiltration claim 1 , reverse osmosis claim 1 , distillation claim 1 , or vapor compression distillation.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing at least one of the floc and the heavy fraction with a carbon-based material to provide a mixture further comprises mixing a carbon-containing waste with the carbon-based material.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing at least one of the floc and the heavy fraction with a carbon-based material comprises mixing at least one of the floc and the heavy fraction with at least one of kenaf claim 1 , kenaf bast claim 1 , or kenaf core.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein gasifying the mixture comprises at least one of thermal gasification claim 1 , pyrolytic gasification claim 1 , plasma gasification claim 1 , plasma- ...

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Номер записи: 25
22-08-2013 дата публикации

Catalytic Cracking of Undesirable Components in a Coking Process

Номер: US20130213858A1
Автор: ETTER Roger G.
Принадлежит:

Undesirable components of traditional coking processes are selectively cracked or coked in the coking vessel by injecting an additive into the vapors in the coking vessel. The additive contains catalyst(s), seeding agent(s), excess reactant(s), quenching agent(s), carrier(s), or any combination thereof to modify reaction kinetics to preferentially crack (or coke) these undesirable components that typically have a high propensity to coke, and are often precursors to coke in the coking process. These undesirable components can also be very problematic in downstream catalytic cracking processes, significantly contributing to coke on catalyst and catalyst deactivation. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention also provide methods to (1) decrease coke production, (2) increase liquid transportation fuels, (3) control the coke crystalline structure, and (4) control the quantity and quality of volatile combustible materials (VCMs) in the resulting coke. Pet coke from this process may have unique characteristics with substantial utility. 1. A process comprising introducing an additive comprising catalyst(s) and quenching agent(s) into a coking vessel above a vapor/liquid-solid interface during a coking cycle of a delayed coking process.2. The process of wherein said additive further comprises at least one of seeding agent(s) claim 1 , excess reactant(s) claim 1 , and carrier fluid(s).3. The process of wherein said catalyst(s) is an acid-based catalyst that is adapted to provide propagation of carbon-based free radicals that are adapted to initiate cracking reactions.4. The process of wherein said free radicals are comprised of carbonium ions claim 3 , carbenium ions claim 3 , or any combination thereof.5. The process of wherein said catalyst(s) comprises alumina claim 1 , silica claim 1 , zeolite claim 1 , calcium claim 1 , activated carbon claim 1 , crushed pet coke claim 1 , or any combination thereof.6. The process of wherein said catalyst(s) is selected from the ...

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Номер записи: 26
22-08-2013 дата публикации

System and Method of Introducing an Additive with a Unique Catalyst to a Coking Process

Номер: US20130213859A1
Автор: Augusto Rodolfo Quinones, Roger G. Etter
Принадлежит: Individual

Gas oil components, coking process recycle, and heavier hydrocarbons are cracked or coked in the coking vessel by injecting an additive into the vapors of traditional coking processes in the coking vessel. The additive contains catalyst(s), seeding agent(s), excess reactant(s), quenching agent(s), carrier(s), or any combination thereof to modify reaction kinetics to preferentially crack or coke these components. Modifications of the catalysts in the additive improve performance for certain desired outcomes. One exemplary embodiment of the present invention uses the olefin production capabilities from newly developed catalysts to increase the production of light olefins (e.g. ethylene, propylenes, butylenes, pentenes) for alkylation process unit feed, the production of oxygenates, and petrochemical feedstocks, such as plastics manufacture. Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention is the use of the olefin production from newly developed catalysts to improve the coker naphtha quality. A third exemplary embodiment of the present invention uses the cracking characteristics of newly developed catalysts to optimize the production of light gas oils, naphtha, and gases from the coking process.

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Номер записи: 27
19-09-2013 дата публикации

METHOD FOR REDUCING SILICONE ANTIFOAM USAGE IN DELAYED COKING PROCESSES

Номер: US20130240408A1
Автор: Elliott John Daniel, Waggoner Jerry Neil
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corporation

The current invention provides an improved petroleum coking process wherein the risk of silicone poisoning of units downstream of the coke drums is reduced. The method of the current invention controls the foam layer within the coke drum by injection of a silicone anti-foam agent in a highly aromatic carrier fluid such as slurry oil. 1. A method for precluding foam-over during a petroleum coking operation comprising: filling a coke drum with a coke feedstock; monitoring the coke feedstock level within said coke drum; stopping flow of coke feedstock when said feedstock occupies from about 66% to about 80% of the internal volume of said coke drum; injecting an anti-foam agent into said coke drum wherein the volume of the anti-foam agent is sufficient to preclude a foam layer on the surface of said feedstock from entering an overhead line carried by said coke drum and , wherein said step of injecting an anti-foam agent begins when said drum is filled between about 60% to about 70% of its total internal capacity; wherein said anti-foam agent comprises silicone and a carrier fluid , wherein said carrier fluid has an aromatic concentration by weight greater than 90%.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of stopping flow of coke feedstock occurs when said feedstock fills from about 70% to about 80% of the internal volume of said coke drum.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the carrier fluid is selected from the group consisting of Light Cycle oil claim 1 , heavy cycle oil or clarified slurry oil (CSO) from a FCCU; liquids from an ethylene pyrolysis unit; and gas oils from the coking or re-cracking of previously cracked hydrocarbons such as the coking of CSO.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the carrier fluid is CSO.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of killing the foam when the coke drum has filled to about 75% of its internal capacity. This Application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61 ...

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Номер записи: 28
19-09-2013 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR EXTRACTING HYDROCARBONS BY STAGED HEATING

Номер: US20130245345A1
Автор: Hutchon Bruce
Принадлежит: Utopial Limited

Embodiments of the present invention provide apparatus for extracting hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing material by pyrolysis, the apparatus comprising: a first reactor arranged to heat the material to a first temperature, the apparatus being operable to extract from the first reactor gaseous hydrocarbons evolved from the material therein; and a second reactor having an inlet coupled to an outlet of the first reactor wherein material in the first reactor may be transferred to the second reactor substantially without exposure to oxygen, the second reactor being arranged to receive material heated in the first reactor and to heat the material to a second temperature greater than the first temperature, the apparatus being operable to extract from the second reactor gaseous hydrocarbons evolved from the material therein. 1. Apparatus for extracting hydrocarbons from hydrocarbon-containing material by pyrolysis , the apparatus comprising:a first reactor arranged to heat the material to a first temperature substantially in the absence of oxygen, the apparatus being operable to extract from the first reactor gaseous hydrocarbons evolved from the material therein; anda second reactor having an inlet coupled to an outlet of the first reactor wherein material in the first reactor may be transferred to the second reactor substantially without exposure to oxygen, the second reactor being arranged to receive material heated in the first reactor and to heat the material to a second temperature greater than the first temperature,the apparatus being operable to extract from the second reactor gaseous hydrocarbons evolved from the material therein.2. Apparatus as claimed in operable to control a rate of flow of material through the reactor responsive to a rate of loss of weight of material in the reactor.3. Apparatus as claimed in operable to control a temperature of material in the reactor responsive to a rate of loss of weight of material in the reactor.4. Apparatus as ...

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Номер записи: 29
24-10-2013 дата публикации

System and method for purifying solid carboniferous fuels, using a rotary chamber, prior to chemical looping combustion

Номер: US20130277198A1
Автор: Peter Rugg
Принадлежит: Individual

Solid carboniferous fuels contain varying quantities of moisture, mercury, chlorine, nitrogen, sulfur, heavy metals and other materials that attain vapor pressure at elevated temperatures. The cost effective removal of these degrading and sometimes hazardous materials is important to the further use of the fuel for combustion as a solid, liquid, or gas. The solid fuel is cut, shredded, ground or sieved to appropriate size, and heated in a chamber that can exclude oxygen and air thus preventing ignition. The unwanted materials are driven in the gaseous state and extracted for disposal. The solid fuel cleaned of pollutants exits the chamber and is cooled below ignition temperature prior to contact with oxygen. The solid fuel thus purified is more appropriate for combustion, liquefaction or gasification due to the reduced costs in use as a fuel or in the post combustion clean up.

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Номер записи: 30
21-11-2013 дата публикации

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and a gasification system

Номер: US20130306913A1
Автор: Chun-zhu LI, Hongwei WU, Mohammad Asadullah, Xiaoshan WANG
Принадлежит: Curtin University of Technology

A method of gasifying carbonaceous material is described. The method comprises a first step of pyrolysing and partially gasifying the carbonaceous material to produce volatiles and char. The volatiles and the char are then separated and, subsequently, the char is gasified and the volatiles are reformed. The raw product gas is then finally cleaned with char or char-supported catalysts or other catalysts.

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Номер записи: 31
28-11-2013 дата публикации

Utilization of lignin-rich biomass

Номер: US20130312472A1
Автор: Benjamin Brehmer, Jens Busse
Принадлежит: EVONIK DEGUSSA GmbH

The invention relates to a method for utilizing biomass, in which the biomass is pyrolyzed during a heat treatment process to obtain driven-out gas and remaining carbon-rich solids. It is an object of the invention to specify a method for utilizing biomass, which is based on comparatively expensive feedstocks, but in return gives products of value with unusually good properties, the proceeds of which make the process economically viable. This object is achieved firstly by using a biomass having a lignin content of 10 to 30% by weight and a water content of 5 to 25% by weight, and by virtue of a heat treatment process comprising three residence times each on a respective level of temperature, wherein the first residence time lasts between 10 and 40 minutes, particularly of 30 minutes at a temperature level between 130 and 280° C., particularly of 250° C.; the second residence time lasts between 5 and 30 minutes, particularly of 10 minutes at a temperature level between 300 and 500° C., particularly of 400° C.; the third residence time lasts between 10 and 60 minutes, particularly of 20 minutes at a temperature level between 650 and 900° C., preferred between 700 and 900° C., particularly of 750° C.

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Номер записи: 32
30-01-2014 дата публикации

Fast catalytic pyrolysis with recycle of side products

Номер: US20140027265A1
Автор: Jeff Whiting, Terry Mazanec
Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc

This invention relates to improvements in the fast pyrolysis of biomass. In this invention, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are condensed in the liquid phase and at least a portion of the recovered liquid is recycled to the pyrolysis reactor for further conversion to valuable, useful products.

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Номер записи: 33
30-01-2014 дата публикации

Carbon material for negative electrode of lithium ion secondary battery and production method therefor

Номер: US20140030601A1
Автор: Hiroshi Ozawa, Masatoshi Nishida, Takashi Oyama, Takashi Suzuki, Tamotsu Tano
Принадлежит: JX Nippon Oil and Energy Corp

The carbon material for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery includes: particles having a structure including a plurality of stacked plates which are prepared from a raw coke materials obtained by a delayed coking method, where the ratio of the total of the generation rate of a hydrogen gas, a hydrocarbon gas having one carbon atom, and a hydrocarbon gas having two carbon atoms and the formation rate of a raw coke materials satisfies the condition: total of generation rate/formation rate=0.30 to 0.60, and where the structure is curved into a bow shape, and where, in each of the plates, an average plate thickness is defined as T, an average bow height including the plate thickness is defined as H, and an average length in the vertical direction is defined as L, L/T is 5.0 or more and H/T is from 1.10 to 1.25.

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Номер записи: 34
13-02-2014 дата публикации

Method and system for improving spatial efficiency of a furnace system

Номер: US20140045133A1
Автор: Bruce T. Young, Ronald T. Myszka
Принадлежит: Foster Wheeler USA Corp

A furnace system includes at least one lower radiant section having a first firebox disposed therein and at least one upper radiant section disposed above the at least one lower radiant section. The at least one upper radiant section has a second firebox disposed therein. The furnace system further includes at least one convection section disposed above the at least one upper radiant section and an exhaust corridor defined by the first firebox, the second firebox, and the at least one convection section. Arrangement of the at least one upper radiant section above the at least one lower radiant section reduces an area required for construction of the furnace system.

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Номер записи: 35
20-03-2014 дата публикации

Process for producing high-carbon biogenic reagents

Номер: US20140075834A1
Автор: Daniel J. Despen, James A. Mennell
Принадлежит: BIOGENIC REAGENTS LLC

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high-carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

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Номер записи: 36
05-01-2017 дата публикации

DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NANO SILICA MATERAILS FROM PYROLYSIS OF BIOMASS

Номер: US20170001871A1
Автор: CHEN Yilong, Han Xu, LI HONG, TAO Leiming, ZHANG Yanfeng
Принадлежит:

A device for speeding up production rate of biomass pyrolysis gas to prepare nanoscale silica materials. The device includes: a screw feeder; a mixer; a pyrolysis device having a cinder hole; a combustion train; a steam generator; and a calcination device. In operation, biomass material is transported to the mixer via the screw feeder. The mixer operates to stir the biomass material, then the biomass material and overheated steam generated by the steam generator are mixed and introduced to the pyrolysis device. The pyrolysis device operates to produce combustible gas, and the combustible gas is combusted in the combustion train. The combustion train produces hot smoke, and the hot smoke heats the steam generator to produce the overheated steam. The cinder hole is disposed at a bottom of the pyrolysis device and operates to discharge cinder, and the cinder is transported to the calcination device to calcine. 2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the steam generator is an electrical steam generator claim 1 , a fuel-oil steam generator claim 1 , or a fuel-gas steam generator.3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the steam generator is the fuel-oil steam generator.4. The device of claim 3 , wherein the fuel-oil steam generator comprises a chamber claim 3 , an S-shaped coiler claim 3 , a water tank claim 3 , and an overheating coiler having two-way fins; the S-shaped coiler claim 3 , the water tank claim 3 , and the overheating coiler having two-way fins are arranged from bottom to top in the chamber in that order.5. A method for speeding up production rate of biomass pyrolysis gas to prepare nanoscale silica materials claim 3 , the method comprising:uniformly stirring biomass material;heating and drying the biomass material using overheated steam, wherein a temperature of the overheated steam ranges between 120° C. and 150° C.;pyrolyzing the biomass material under anaerobic conditions to yield combustible gas, wherein a pyrolysis temperature ranges between 600° C. and 800° C ...

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Номер записи: 37
07-01-2016 дата публикации

Processes for recovering valuable components from a catalytic fast pyrolysis process

Номер: US20160002162A1
Автор: Charles M. Sorensen, Jr., Jeffrey P. WHITING, Marc E. SCHNEIDKRAUT, Michael TANZIO
Принадлежит: Anellotech Inc

Methods of separating products from the catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass are described. In a preferred method, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are recovered and separated using a quench system and solvent contacting system that employs materials produced in the pyrolysis process.

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Номер записи: 38
05-01-2017 дата публикации

CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS PROCESS WITH IMPURITY REMOVAL

Номер: US20170002270A1
Автор: CHENG YU-TING, Frank Victoria L., Goud Sandeep, HAN Scott, Igoe, JR. WILLIAM F., Mazanec Terry, Schneidkraut Marc, Shi Jian, Song Ruozhi, Sorensen Charles
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides an improved catalytic fast pyrolysis process for increased yield of useful and desirable products. In particular, the process comprises an improved catalytic fast pyrolysis process for producing aromatic compounds, such as, for example, benzene, toluene and xylenes, from biomass feedstock containing impurities, such as, for example alkali and alkaline earth metal, sulfur and nitrogen components. 1. An improved catalytic fast pyrolysis process comprising steps of:a) treating biomass containing alkali and alkaline earth metal components to reduce alkali and alkaline earth metal content to result in treated biomass,b) feeding the treated biomass of step a), catalyst composition, and transport fluid to a catalytic fast pyrolysis process fluidized bed reactor maintained at reaction conditions to manufacture a raw fluid product stream,c) feeding the raw fluid product stream of step b) to a solids separation and stripping system to produce separated solids and a fluid product stream,d) feeding the fluid product stream of step c) to a vapor/liquid separation system to produce a liquid phase stream comprising components selected from the group consisting of water, char, coke, ash, catalyst fines, water soluble organics and heavy organics, and combinations thereof, and a vapor phase stream comprising benzene, toluene xylenes, olefins having carbon numbers of 2 to 4, methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, ande) feeding the vapor phase stream of step d) to a product recovery system to recover benzene, toluene, xylenes and, optionally, olefins.2. The process of wherein step a) comprises steps 1) sizing the biomass to ≦20 cm size particles claim 1 , 2) washing the sized biomass of step 1) in at least one washing cycle with a washing fluid sufficiently to reduce the content of alkali and alkaline earth metals claim 1 , 3) optionally rinsing the washed biomass of step 2) with rinsing fluid claim 1 , 4) drying the biomass to reduce water content ...

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Номер записи: 39
02-01-2020 дата публикации

Petroleum Coking Additive

Номер: US20200002618A1
Автор: LYSENKO Aleksei V., MAMAEV Mikhail V., STUKOV Mikhail I., ZAPORIN Viktor P.
Принадлежит:

The quality of coke is improved by increasing the coking properties of a component of a coking feedstock (a coking additive) and by ensuring stability of the coking properties of a component when the coking additive constitutes up to 99% of the total volume of the coking feedstock. The result is an increase in the stability of a coking additive and in the coking properties of said coking additive. It is achieved by a petroleum coking additive consisting of a product of the delayed low temperature carbonization of heavy petroleum residues at temperatures of up to 500° C., said product being characterized by a 14 to 28% volatile substance content, the product of the delayed low temperature carbonization of heavy petroleum residues obtained at a recycle ratio of from 1.05 to 1.2 in the coking chamber is characterized by coking properties of not less than G on the Gray-King scale. 1. A petroleum coking additive comprising a product of a delayed low temperature carbonization of heavy petroleum residues at temperatures of up to 500° C., the product having a content of volatile substances from 14% to 28%, the product being obtained in the coking chamber at a recycle ratio from 1.05 to 1.20 and having a coking property of no less than G on a Gray-King scale. This Application is a Continuation Application of International Application PCT/RU2017/000020, filed on Jan. 18, 2017, which in turn claims priority to Russian Patent Applications RU2016143290, filed Nov. 2, 2016, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.The invention relates to the by-product coke industry, specifically, to technologies of producing of furnace coke from feedstock which includes petrochemical products; the invention can be used in metallurgy, in particular, at by-product coke industry plants.From RU Patent No. 2400518, a method of producing a coking feedstock by delayed carbonisation is known which includes feeding of a heated stock into a coking chamber, coking of the ...

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Номер записи: 40
02-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR RECOVERING CARBON FIBERS FROM COMPOSITE MATERIAL WASTE

Номер: US20200002619A1
Автор: JIN XIN, Ming Zhu, Sui Gang, Wang Zhandong, Yang Xiaoping
Принадлежит: The Boeing Company

A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite material waste includes coating a solid acid powder onto a surface of a composite material waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix, pyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite material waste in an inert environment, and oxidizing the pyrolyzed resin of the composite material waste in an air environment. 1. A method for recovering carbon fibers from composite material waste , the method comprising:coating a solid acid powder onto a surface of a composite material waste having carbon fibers and a resin matrix;pyrolyzing the resin matrix of the coated composite material waste in an inert environment; andoxidizing the pyrolyzed resin of the composite material waste in an air environment.2. The method of wherein the step of coating includes spraying a layer of solid super acid SO/TiOpowder onto the surface of the composite material waste.3. The method of wherein the step of pyrolyzing includes putting the composite material waste into a pyrolysis device and connecting nitrogen to expel air from the device to form the inert environment.4. The method of wherein the step of pyrolyzing includes heating the coated composite material waste to a temperature of 500-700° C. for 10 to 30 minutes in the inert environment.5. The method of claim 4 , further comprising stopping the heating and naturally cooling to 350-450° C.6. The method of wherein the step of oxidizing includes keeping a temperature at 350-450° C. for 10 to 60 minutes.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising stopping the heating and naturally cooling to room temperature.8. The method of wherein the resin matrix in the composite material waste includes a thermoset resin.9. The method of wherein the thermoset resin includes at least one of epoxy resin claim 8 , unsaturated polyester claim 8 , and phenolic resin.10. The method of wherein the resin matrix in the composite material waste includes a thermoplastic resin.11. The method of wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 41
02-01-2020 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS OR GASIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20200002620A1
Автор: Donegan Daniel Michael
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure, wherein a gas path within the heated enclosure is helical or spherical. Pyrolysis is used to destroy oils, tars and/or PAHs in a gaseous mixture. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus , comprising:a pyrolysis unit having a pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage;a first gas enclosure coupled to the gas exit passage such that a gaseous mixture can be directed from the pyrolysis unit to the gas enclosure, wherein the gas enclosure is a pipe having a spiral insert and wherein a gas path within the first gas enclosure is helical or spiral; anda heating system adapted to heat the first gas enclosure to a temperature sufficient for the gaseous mixture to undergo a pyrolysis process.2. A pyrolysis apparatus , comprising:a pyrolysis unit having a pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage;a first gas enclosure coupled to the gas exit passage such that a gaseous mixture can be directed from the pyrolysis unit to the gas enclosure, wherein the first gas enclosure includes a frustoconical shell having a gas input pipe connected thereto, the gas input pipe being inclined at a radius of the first gas enclosure, and wherein a gas path within the first gas enclosure is helical or spiral; anda heating system adapted to heat the first gas enclosure to a temperature sufficient for the gaseous mixture to undergo a pyrolysis process.3. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes an extension portion having parallel claim 2 , or substantially parallel claim 2 , walls extending from a widest circumference of the frustoconical shell.4. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the frustoconical shell has a smaller diameter end positioned below a larger diameter end.5. The pyrolysis apparatus of wherein the heating system is adapted to heat the pyrolysis region.6. The pyrolysis apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is located within the heating system.7. The pyrolysis ...

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Номер записи: 42
03-01-2019 дата публикации

Ozonized biochar: phosphorus sustainability and sand soilization

Номер: US20190002764A1
Автор: James Weifu Lee
Принадлежит: Individual

Surface-oxygenated biochar compositions and sonication-ozonization methods create advanced hydrophilic biochar materials having higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and toxin free components. These sonicated and ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials for clean water and air, as phosphorus solubilizing reagents to mix with phosphate rock materials to make a slow-releasing phosphate fertilizer, as biochar soil additives to help solubilize phosphorus and reduce phosphorus fertilizer additions required to achieve desired soil phosphorus activity, crop uptake, and yield goals, as sand soilization reagents by utilizing their liquid gel-forming activity in the spaces among sand particles to retain water and nutrients and hold the sand particles together, as plant growth stimulants by using the humic acids-like surface-oxygenated biochar substances at a proper ppm concentration and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

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Номер записи: 43
13-01-2022 дата публикации

Biochar Coated Seeds

Номер: US20220009848A1
Автор: Buege Brian, Jarand Mark L., KIM Han Suk, MALYALA RAJASHEKHARAM, Thompson Timothy Alan, Traxler Vern S.
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides for biochar coated particles and a method for coating the particles with biochar. 1. A method for coating particles , the method comprising the steps of (i) preparing a binding solution by mixing a binder with water; (ii) heating the binding solution to dissolve the binder in the water; (iii) placing particles in a rotary tumbler; (iv) dispensing the binding solution into the tumbler with the particles; (v) tumbling the particles until the particles are evenly coated with the binding solution; (vi) dispensing biochar in the tumbler to coat the particles with biochar; and (vi) drying the particles while tumbling.2. The method of where the biochar is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.3. The method of further including the step of dispensing a fertilizer in the tumbler to coat the particle.4. The method of further including the step of combining a fertilizer with the biochar prior to dispensing the biochar into the tumbler to coat the particles claim 1 , whereby a combined mixture of biochar and fertilizer in dispensed into the tumbler to coat the particles.5. The method of where the fertilizer is reduced in size to an average particle size of <1 mm before dispensing in the tumbler.6. The method of where the step of dispensing the binding solution claim 1 , tumbling the particles and dispensing the biochar in the tumbler is repeated until the coat substantially surrounding the particles is between 0.01 and 100 times the diameter of the particles.721. The method of claim where the biochar claim 1 , prior to being dispensed in the tumbler claim 1 , has been treated by the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar.8. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquids into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in part by a vacuum processing treatment.9. The method of where the infusion of one or more liquid into pores of the biochar is accomplished at least in ...

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Номер записи: 44
12-01-2017 дата публикации

MOLTEN SALT PYROLYSIS FOR BIO-OIL AND CHEMICALS

Номер: US20170009141A1
Автор: Datta Ravindra, Dittami James P.
Принадлежит:

A bio-oil reactor leverages chemically recalcitrant lignocellulosic biomass using a moderate temperature molten-salt based process to unlock hydrocarbon content having the potential to substantially supplement demand for petroleum based fuels and chemicals. Bio-oil is a precursor to production of other chemicals and hydrocarbons, and can be refined as an effective replacement to conventional petroleum products and fossil fuels. A disclosed approach employs Molten-Salt Pyrolysis (MSP), for the efficient and economical production of such precursor chemicals directly from whole biomass under moderate conditions (˜400° C., 1 atm.). Lignocellulosic biomass, freely available in renewable wood and plant products, undergoes a moderate temperature heating process in a eutectic molten salt mixture to generate a condensable vapor of the precursor or platform chemicals. 1. A method of producing bio-oil and chemicals from biomass , comprising:combining a plurality of salts to form a eutectic salt mixture having a melting point lower than any of the salts individually;adding a particulated biomass to form a mixture with the eutectic salt;heating the mixture in a containment sealed from ambient oxygen to a temperature above the melting point to generate a molten salt mixture including the particulated biomass and resulting in a product vapor;collecting the product vapor, the vapor including bio-oil components and chemicals, andcondensing the vapor for recovering the bio-oil components to generate bio-oil for refining.2. The method of wherein the bio-oil is defined by a plurality of organic compounds resulting from a solution and deconstruction of the lignocellulose biomass.3. The method of wherein the biomass is a lignocellulosic biomass defined by a matrix of cross-linked polysaccharide network of cellulose (Csugars) a hemicellulose (Csugars) and lignin.4. The method of wherein the vapor further includes non-volatile components resulting from heating below a temperature defining ...

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Номер записи: 45
12-01-2017 дата публикации

BIOFUEL PRODUCTION USING NANOZEOLITE CATALYST

Номер: US20170009142A1
Автор: CHILACHKA Iliiana, Jarand Mark L., MALYALA RAJASHEKHARAM, SAHA Arindom, Thompson Timothy Alan, WAN Haijun
Принадлежит:

A method of converting biovapors to biofuel includes directing biovapors derived from decomposition of biomass, said biovapors comprising at least C5 and C6 compounds, into a catalytic reaction chamber; and contacting the biovapors with a catalyst composition comprising a nanozeolite. 1. A method of converting biovapors to biofuel , comprising:directing biovapors derived from decomposition of biomass, said biovapors comprising at least C5 and C6 compounds, into a catalytic reaction chamber separate from the decomposed biomass; andcontacting the biovapors with a catalyst composition comprising a nanozeolite.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the C5 and C6 compounds are cyclic.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 60% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 2 μm.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 80% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 2 μm.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 90% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 2 μm.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 25% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 1 μm.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 40% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 1 μm.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of the crystallites of the nanozeolite catalyst have a largest dimension that is less or equal to 1 μm.9. The method of claim 1 , wherein nanozeolite crystallite has a silica to alumina ratio in the range of 50-250.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanozeolite catalyst comprises ZSM-5.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanozeolite is selected from a group consisting of ZSM-5 claim 1 , beta-zeolite claim 1 , modernite-zeolite claim 1 , zeolite-Y and mixtures thereof.12. The method of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 46
14-01-2021 дата публикации

RAILCAR DEWATERING UNIT AND METHOD OF USING THE SAME

Номер: US20210008469A1
Автор: Cogar Lowell
Принадлежит: Cogar Manufacturing, Inc.

A dewatering unit in the form of a railcar having bogies thereon to move the unit on rail tracks. The dewatering unit has first and second ends, first and second sides, and a bottom that bound and define an interior chamber. A conveyor is provided in the interior chamber and screens are located in the bottom and first and second sides. A grizzly is located below an opening in the unit's top and above the conveyor. Stabilizing assemblies are deployed to contact the ground and lift some weight off of the bogies prior to loading. A solid material/liquid mixture is dropped through the opening and onto the grizzly which partially fractures the solid material. Further fracturing is undertaken by conveyor drag bars and crushers located adjacent the conveyor. Liquid drains from the unit through the screens. The dewatered solid material is lifted out of the unit by the conveyor. 1. A railcar comprising:a body having a first end, a second end, a first side, a second side, and a bottom that bound and define an interior chamber;one or more bogies operatively engaged with the body and adapted to engage a pair of rail tracks;a conveyor assembly provided in the interior chamber and adapted to move articles toward the second end;at least one first screen positioned below the conveyor assembly, wherein the at least one first screen is adapted to permit liquid to pass therethrough.2. The railcar according to claim 1 , further comprising:at least one second screen provided in one or both of the first side and the second side of the body; wherein the at least one first screen a second screen is adapted to permit liquid to pass therethrough.3. The railcar according to claim 2 , further comprising a baffle plate positioned between the at least one second screen and the interior chamber.4. The railcar according to claim 2 , wherein each of the at least one second screen is V-shaped when viewed from above.5. The railcar according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more stabilizing ...

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Номер записи: 47
10-01-2019 дата публикации

COMPOSITE CATALYST FOR COAL DEPOLYMERIZATION AND USING METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20190009256A1
Автор: HAO Xiaogang, HUAI Juntian, Huang Wei, LIANG Litong, Liu Jianwei, Zhang Qian, Zhang Zhonglin
Принадлежит:

A composite catalyst for coal depolymerization, the catalyst includes an agent A and an agent B. The agent A includes an iron salt-based catalyst, and the agent B includes a metal salt-based catalyst different from the iron salt-based catalyst. The agent A and the agent B are alternately added during use. 1. A composite catalyst for coal depolymerization , comprising an agent A and an agent B; wherein the agent A and the agent B are alternately added during use; the agent A comprises an iron salt-based catalyst; and the agent B comprises a metal salt-based catalyst different from the iron salt-based catalyst.2. The composite catalyst of claim 1 , wherein a weight percentage of the iron salt-based catalyst is 3% to 25% in the agent A.3. The composite catalyst of claim 2 , wherein the iron salt-based catalyst consists of at least one of ferric chloride and ferric nitrate.4. The composite catalyst of claim 3 , wherein the agent A further consists of at least one of a first inorganic accelerator claim 3 , a first organic accelerator claim 3 , a first surfactant and a first solvent.5. The composite catalyst of claim 4 , wherein the agent. A comprises the iron salt-based catalyst claim 4 , the first inorganic accelerator claim 4 , the first organic accelerator claim 4 , the first surfactant claim 4 , and the first solvent;weight percentages of the first inorganic accelerator, the first organic accelerator and the first surfactant are 0.5 to 2%, 1 to 10%, and 0 05 to 2.0% in the agent A, respectively; and a balance is the first solvent.6. The composite catalyst of claim 5 , wherein the first inorganic accelerator consists of at least one of potassium permanganate claim 5 , potassium dichromate claim 5 , potassium peroxydisulfate claim 5 , and hydrogen peroxide; the first organic accelerator consists of at least one of methanol and ethanol; the first surfactant consists of at least one of fatty alcohol oxyethylene ether claim 5 , sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate claim 5 , ...

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Номер записи: 48
27-01-2022 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR THE THERMAL DEGRADATION OF RUBBER CONTAINING WASTE

Номер: US20220025271A1
Автор: DRENNAN Andrew, ERASMUS Phil, Huys Bert
Принадлежит: Keshi Technologies Pty Ltd

A process for the non-oxidative thermal degradation of a rubber containing waste including: transporting the rubber containing waste along a horizontal axis of a hermetically sealed cylindrical reactor including: an inlet and an outlet, one or more thermal reaction zones arranged between the inlet and the outlet, wherein each thermal reaction zone is provided with: one or more heating elements controllable to heat the thermal reaction zone to an operating temperature for mediating the non-oxidative thermal degradation of rubber in the rubber containing waste, and one or more gas outlets for withdrawing volatile gas or gases evolved during the non-oxidative thermal degradation of the rubber; and a screw auger located within the reactor, the screw augur configured to rotate in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate and transport the rubber containing waste through the one or more thermal reaction zones in both the forward and reverse directions and to the outlet; heating the rubber containing waste, in the one or more thermal treatment zones, to a temperature above the degradation temperature of rubber for a time sufficient to produce the volatile gas or gases and the char product; operating the screw auger in both the forward and reverse directions to agitate the rubber containing waste within the reactor; and advancing the rubber containing waste along the horizontal axis to the outlet. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the volatile gas or gases include limonene.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactor includes: the first thermal reaction zone including one or more first heating elements, the one or more first heating elements controllable to heat the first thermal reaction zone to a first operating temperature, and', 'a second thermal reaction zone including one or more second heating elements, the one or more second heating elements controllable to heat the second thermal reaction zone to a second operating temperature different to the first ...

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Номер записи: 49
27-01-2022 дата публикации

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

Номер: US20220025284A1
Автор: WEGNER André
Принадлежит: KBI INVEST & MANAGEMENT AG

A reactor enables gasification or melting of waste and additional feed materials. The reactor includes a co-current section with a plenum section and a feed section with a sluice. Feed materials are introduced into the reactor. The reactor further includes a buffer section and a pre-treatment section, which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section to create a cross-sectional enlargement. An intermediate section adjoins the pre-treatment section. An upper oxidation section adjoins a bottom of the intermediate section and includes tuyeres in at least one level. An upper reduction section adjoins a bottom of the upper oxidation section. The reactor further includes a gas outlet section. The reactor further includes a countercurrent section having a conical lower reduction section and a conical lower oxidation section adjoining the conical lower reduction section having at least one tuyere and at least one tapping. 1100. Reactor () for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials , the reactor comprising{'b': '110', 'claim-text': [{'b': '111', 'claim-text': [{'b': 112', '100, 'a feed section with a sluice () through which the feed materials are introduced into the reactor () from above,'}, {'b': 113', '112, 'a buffer section () located below the feed section (),'}, {'b': 114', '113', '140, 'a pre-treatment section () that is located below the bottom of the buffer section () and which has a cross-sectional enlargement in the upper area and a narrowing cross-section in the bottom area so that a discharge cone () of the feed material can form,'}, {'b': 119', '114', '114, 'at least one gas supply means () which open in the pre-treatment section () in the region of the cross-sectional enlargement of the pre-treatment section () and through which hot gases can be fed to the discharge cone, and'}, {'b': 115', '114, 'an intermediate section () that is located below the bottom of the pre-treatment section (),'}], 'a plenum section () comprising'}, {'b': 116', '115', '116', '117', ' ...

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Номер записи: 50
14-01-2016 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESS TO PRODUCE ASPHALT, PETROLEUM GREEN COKE, AND LIQUID AND GAS COKING UNIT PRODUCTS

Номер: US20160010005A1
Автор: KOSEOGLU Omer Refa
Принадлежит:

An integrated process is provided to produce asphalt, high quality petroleum green coke, and liquid and gas coker unit products. Sulfur molecules contained in heavy petroleum fractions, including organosulfur molecules, and in certain embodiments organonitrogen molecules are oxidized. The polar oxidized sulfur compounds shift from the oil phase to the asphalt phase. The deasphalted/desulfurized oil phase is passed to a coker unit to produce liquid and gas coker products as an effluent stream and recover high quality petroleum green coke. 1. An integrated process that operates within the battery limits of a refinery producing asphalt , coker oil and gas products , and petroleum green coke , the process comprising:charging a feedstock to an oxidizing unit along with an effective quantity of oxidant to produce an intermediate charge containing oxidized organosulfur compounds;passing the intermediate charge to a solvent deasphalting unit along with an effective quantity of solvent to produce a deasphalted/desulfurized oil phase and an asphalt phase containing oxidized organosulfur compounds; and produce liquid and gas coker products as an effluent stream and', 'recover petroleum green coke from the coker drum., 'passing the deasphalted/desulfurized oil phase to a coker unit including a coker furnace and at least one coker drum to'}2. The process of wherein the coker unit is a delayed coker unit.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the coker unit is configured with two or more parallel drums and is operated in a swing mode claim 2 , and wherein the process is continuous claim 2 ,4. The process of wherein the deasphalted/desulfurized oil phase contains less than 2.5 W % sulfur.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the unconverted residue stream contains less than 700 ppmw metal.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the petroleum green coke recovered from the coker drum effective raw material for calcination into anode grade coke (sponge) or electrode grade coke (needle).7. The ...

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Номер записи: 51
14-01-2021 дата публикации

Biogenic activated carbon and methods of making and using same

Номер: US20210009427A1
Автор: Daniel J. Despen, James A. Mennell
Принадлежит: Carbon Technology Holdings LLC

Biogenic activated carbon compositions disclosed herein comprise at least 55 wt % carbon, some of which may be present as graphene, and have high surface areas, such as Iodine Numbers of greater than 2000. Some embodiments provide biogenic activated carbon that is responsive to a magnetic field. A continuous process for producing biogenic activated carbon comprises countercurrently contacting, by mechanical means, a feedstock with a vapor stream comprising an activation agent including water and/or carbon dioxide; removing vapor from the reaction zone; recycling at least some of the separated vapor stream, or a thermally treated form thereof, to an inlet of the reaction zone(s) and/or to the feedstock; and recovering solids from the reaction zone(s) as biogenic activated carbon. Methods of using the biogenic activated carbon are disclosed.

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Номер записи: 52
14-01-2021 дата публикации

MINERAL SOLUBILIZING MICROORGANISM INFUSED BIOCHARS

Номер: US20210009482A1
Автор: Belcher Richard W., Buege Brian, KIM Han Suk, Sills Ronald A.
Принадлежит:

A treated biochar comprising a porous carbonaceous particle that has been treated and mixed with a media containing a mineral solubilizing microorganism, whereby the porous carbonaceous particle after mixing has retained the mineral solubilizing microorganism. 1. A composition comprising , a biochar , wherein the biochar comprises pores , and wherein the pores comprise a media comprising a mineral solubilizing microorganism.2Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Aereobacter, Flavobacterium, Erwinia, Klebsiella,EnterobacterBacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circulans, PaenibacillusAcidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella variicola, Pantoea agglorneransGlomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Aspergillus terreusAspergillus niger.. The biochar of claim 1 , wherein the mineral solubilizing microorganism comprises a microorganism selected from the group consisting of: and claim 1 , including spp. claim 1 , ; fungi such as claim 1 , and34-. (canceled)5. The biochar of claim 1 , wherein the media comprises surfactant.68-. (canceled)9. A composition comprising a treated biochar for use in agricultural or animal application claim 1 , the treated biochar comprising: a porous carbonaceous particle comprising pores claim 1 , wherein the pores comprise a mineral solubilizing microorganism claim 1 , and wherein the treated biochar has been mixed with a media containing the mineral solubilizing microorganism.10Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Aereobacter, Flavobacterium, Erwinia, KlebsiellaEnterobacterBacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circulans, PaenibacillusAcidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella variicola, Pantoea agglomeransGlomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Aspergillus terreusAspergillus niger.. The biochar of claim 9 , wherein the mineral ...

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Номер записи: 53
11-01-2018 дата публикации

Mobile charcoal/biochar production and pelletizer system and method thereof

Номер: US20180010043A1
Автор: Deborah Page-Dumroese, James Geronimo Archuleta, JR.
Принадлежит: US Department of Agriculture USDA

Embodiments of the invention provide a portable charcoal system and method of operating thereof, wherein the portable charcoal system comprises a first compartment adapted to burn a material, a second compartment connected to the first compartment and adapted to receive the material from the first compartment, and a third compartment adapted to receive the material from the second compartment, the third compartment comprising an auger adapted to move the material from a back end to a front end, and out of the third compartment. The portable charcoal system further includes a source of air.

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Номер записи: 54
09-01-2020 дата публикации

METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS

Номер: US20200010377A1
Автор: Bontchev Ranko Panayotov, Buege Brian, Jarand Mark L., KIM Han Suk, Thompson Timothy Alan, Traxler Vern S, Wahlgren Neil Christopher, Wilson Richard W.
Принадлежит: Cool Planet Energy Systems, Inc.

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications. 1. A method for applying biochar to an area of soil prior to transplanting a plant , the method comprises the steps of:removing soil to create a hole for the plant;mixing the removed soil with biochar to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing the plant in the hole; andbackfilling the hole with said mixture of soil and biochar.2. The method of where the mixture includes other additives beneficial to plants.3. A method for applying porous carbonaceous particles to a container or bed prior to planting a seed or plant claim 1 , the method comprises the steps of:mixing soil with the porous carbonaceous particles to a final concentration of 1 to 30% by volume of carbonaceous particles to soil;placing said mixture of soil and carbonaceous particles in the container or bed; andplanting the seed or plant in said mixture. This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/184,763, filed Jun. 16, 2016, titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN A TURF GRASS AND LANDSCAPING ENVIRONMENTS, which application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/186,876 filed Jun. 30, 2015 titled BIOCHAR COATED SEEDS and to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/180,525 filed Jun. 16, 2015 titled METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF BIOCHAR IN TURF GRASS ENVIRONMENT and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/290,026 filed Feb. 2, 2016 titled BIOCHAR AGGREGATE PARTICLES, which application Ser. No. 15/184,763 is also is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/385,986 filed on May 29, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,493,380), titled Method for Enhancing Soil Growth Using Bio-Char which is a 371 of PCT/US12/39862 filed on May 29, 2012, which application is a continuation-in-part ...

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Номер записи: 55
09-01-2020 дата публикации

RESOURCE RECOVERY FROM WOOD WASTES

Номер: US20200010763A1
Автор: Herbertson Joseph George, Mukunthan Kannappar, Strezov Lazar
Принадлежит:

A method and an apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value is disclosed. The apparatus includes a continuous converter () for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants. The continuous converter includes a reaction chamber () for producing a solid carbon-containing product, a gas product, and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber, via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms. 1. An apparatus for processing wood wastes and producing valuable products that are safe and have economic value , the apparatus including a continuous converter for a feed material that includes wood wastes containing contaminants , with the continuous converter including a reaction chamber for producing a solid carbon-containing product , a gas product , and optionally a liquid oil product and a separate water-based condensate product in the chamber , via pyrolysis or other reaction mechanisms , an inlet for supplying the feed material to the reaction chamber , an assembly for moving the feed material through the reaction chamber from the upstream end towards the downstream end of the chamber counter-current to the flow of gas generated in the chamber as a consequence of drying or other reactions in the chamber , and separate outlets for the solid carbon-containing product , the gas product , and optionally the liquid water product from the reaction chamber , with the apparatus being adapted to decompose organic material contaminants in the wood wastes and to incorporate the decomposed forms into useful products , and with the apparatus being adapted to deport heavy metal contaminants to the solid carbon-containing product.2. The apparatus defined in wherein the continuous converter includes an assembly for establishing a temperature profile in the reaction chamber that includes the following zones extending successively along the length of the reaction ...

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Номер записи: 56
15-01-2015 дата публикации

APPARATUS FOR HEAT-TREATING WASTE MATTERS

Номер: US20150014143A1
Автор: HONG Sung Tae, Yu Seong Jong
Принадлежит:

The present invention relates to an apparatus for heat-treating waste matters, and more particularly an ecological apparatus for heat-treating waste matters, which enables waste matters such as various industrial wastes, city-living wastes and various high polymeric chemical wastes to be subjected to heat treatment at a lower temperature under vacuum in a heat-treating vessel without discharging pollutants produced during the heat treatment such as carbon, tar, noxious gases, malodors, and dust by treatment in a filter mechanism. 1. An apparatus for heat-treating waste matters , comprising:{'b': 3', '54', '54', '21', '8', '9', '48', '7', '11, 'an outer box which is configured to input wastes into its interior and heat-treat the wastes at a low temperature under a vacuum environment in a state that a prop is installed at bottom and includes on its upper surface a supply door configured to input wastes, a discharge door installed on its front surface and side surface and configured to discharge the wastes decomposed into carbon states, and a controller installed on its outer circumferential surface and configured to control an electric heater and a waste distributor ;'}{'b': 5', '3', '8', '9, 'an insulation material layer which is installed in the interior of the outer box and is configured to seal the portions using an insulation material except for the supply door and the discharge door ;'}{'b': 4', '5', '8', '9', '32', '2, 'an inner box which is disposed inside the insulation material layer and is configured to supply wastes through the supply door and the discharge door into the interior, which are made from a stainless material so as to prevent corrosion, and discharge the decomposed wastes, wherein a heat discharge tube is externally provided so as to supply into a filter unit the head produced when heat-treating the wastes;'}{'b': 7', '4', '9', '7, 'an electric heater which is formed in a rod shape and is disposed at a front surface, a back surface, a left ...

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Номер записи: 57
18-01-2018 дата публикации

A NOVEL METHOD AND AN APPARATUS IN CONVERTING UNSORTED MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INTO GEO-POLYMER PELLETS/BRIQUETTES AND GEO-POLYMER BRICKS/PAVER BLOCKS

Номер: US20180015515A1
Автор: Sivakumar S K
Принадлежит: NEWAY MSW IP HOLDING LLP

Apparatus and method in converting municipal solid waste into geo-polymer briquettes and geo-polymer bricks comprising bag opener cum crushers, magnetic separators for ferrous and-eddy current separators for non-ferrous things; squeezer for removing liquid content; inter particle collision driers for drying; pulverizer for pulverizing, and devolatizing carbonization reactor for carbonisation of combustible MSW to produce solid char with low water content. Solid char is mixed with geo-polymer binding agent/starch/tar/to form combustible pellet/briquette. These highly combustible briquette/pellets have high calorific value. The pellet/briquette is formed by rotating combustible char at high rpm and compaction. Pellet has a water content of less than 5% by weight and fuel value of 5500 to 6500 KCAL. This process produces non-combustible geo-polymer brick. The non-combustible MSW separated by a trommel is crushed by inter particle collision crusher and pan mixers mixing with geo-polymer binding agent/fly ash/quarry dust/chips or china clay and moulded. 1. A novel method in converting all municipal solid waste into geo-polymer pellets/briquettes and geo-polymer bricks/paver blocks comprising of the following stages:i. unsorted MSW being moved from the dump yard through a conveyor belt onto a ramp and then passing through a bag opener for opening household bags containing MSW;ii. opening the household bags containing MSW;iii. simultaneously crushing and squeezing as a result of which the breakable items such as building materials are broken into particles of smaller sizes and removing liquid content which gets delivered into an effluent treatment plant;iv. putting unsorted MSW through a magnetic separator for removing ferrous things and eddy current separator for non-ferrous things before being put into trommel;v. separating the unsorted dry MSW devoid of ferrous and non ferrous things by a trommel for separation into substantially combustible and non-combustible MSW ...

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Номер записи: 58
19-01-2017 дата публикации

PROCESSES FOR CONTROLLING AFTERBURN IN A REHEATER AND FOR CONTROLLING LOSS OF ENTRAINED SOLID PARTICLES IN COMBUSTION PRODUCT FLUE GAS

Номер: US20170015907A1
Автор: Bozzano Andrea G., Sechrist Paul A.
Принадлежит:

Processes for controlling afterburn in a reheater and loss of entrained solid particles in reheater flue gas are provided. Carbonaceous biomass feedstock is pyrolyzed using a heat transfer medium forming pyrolysis products and a spent heat transfer medium comprising combustible solid particles. The spent heat transfer medium is introduced into a fluidizing dense bed. The combustible solid particles of the spent heat transfer medium are combusted forming combustion product flue gas in a dilute phase above the fluidizing dense bed. The combustion product flue gas comprises flue gas and solid particles entrained therein. The solid particles are separated from the combustion product flue gas to form separated solid particles. At least a portion of the separated solid particles are returned to the fluidizing dense bed. 1. A process for pyrolysis of a carbonaceous biomass feedstock , the process comprising the steps of:pyrolyzing carbonaceous biomass feedstock using a heat transfer medium forming pyrolysis products and a spent heat transfer medium comprising combustible solid particles;introducing the spent heat transfer medium into a fluidized dense bed and combusting the combustible solid particles of the spent heat transfer medium forming combustion product flue gas in a dilute phase above the fluidized dense bed, the combustion product flue gas comprising flue gas and solid particles entrained therein; andseparating the solid particles from the combustion product flue gas to form separated solid particles and returning at least a portion of the separated solid particles to the fluidized dense bed.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of introducing spent heat transfer medium comprises introducing spent heat transfer medium comprising combustible solid particles mixed with inert solid particles claim 1 , catalytic solid particles claim 1 , or both.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of introducing spent heat transfer medium comprises introducing the ...

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Номер записи: 59
19-01-2017 дата публикации

CO-PRODUCTION OF ANODE AND FUEL GRADE PETROLEUM COKE IN A DELAYED COKER UNIT

Номер: US20170015910A1
Автор: Bansal Bharat, DITZ JOSEPH MERLE, MISHRA PARIJAT, PANDIAN SURESH
Принадлежит: Kellogg Brown & Root LLC

Co-production a product anode grade coke and a product fuel grade coke is done using a system configured to implement a method that includes: directing an anode grade coker charge material from a tower to a first coke drum set; generating the product anode grade coke using the first coke drum set while directing a first vapor stream from the first coker drum set to the tower; directing a fuel grade coker charge material from a fractionator to a second coke drum set; generating the product fuel grade coke using the second coke drum set while directing a second vapor stream from the second coke drum set to the fractionator; and directing a third vapor stream from the tower to the fractionator while generating the product anode grade coke using the first coke drum set and generating the product fuel grade coke using the second coke drum set. 1. A method of co-generating a product anode grade coke and a product fuel grade coke , comprising:directing an anode grade coker charge material from a tower to a first coke drum set;generating the product anode grade coke using the first coker drum set while directing a first vapor stream from the first coke drum set to the tower;directing a fuel grade coker charge material from a fractionator to a second coke drum set;generating the product fuel grade coke using the second coke drum set while directing a second vapor stream from the second coker drum set to the fractionator; anddirecting a third vapor stream from the tower to the fractionator while generating the product anode grade coke using the first coke drum set and while generating the product fuel grade coke using the second coke drum set.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:pressurizing and heating the anode grade coker charge material being directed to the first coke drum set.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the product anode grade coke is generated using a batch operation.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:directing an anode grade vacuum residue ...

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Номер записи: 60
19-01-2017 дата публикации

Extruder for Processing Hydrocarbon-Containing Materials

Номер: US20170015911A1
Автор: George Bain, Kurt G. Houk
Принадлежит: Bonnot Co

An extruder for processing hydrocarbon-containing material. The extruder includes a screw that is rotatably positioned in a auger barrel and a heating system positioned about at least a portion of the auger barrel that is designed to heat the hydrocarbon-containing material as the hydrocarbon-containing material moves through the auger barrel.

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Номер записи: 61
21-01-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS FOR TREATING WASTE FEEDSTOCK AND GASIFIER FOR SAME

Номер: US20160017235A1
Автор: DAVISON Ken, FORD Darrell
Принадлежит:

A process for treating a waste feedstock using a gasifier and the gasifier for same. Hot exhaust from an engine travels through a series of hollow heating plates stacked vertically within a gasifier reactor with spaces between each set of successive heating plates forming reaction zones. Each reaction zone is divided into an upper treatment area and a lower treatment area by a rotating disk. Waste material travels from an outer feed spot along the top surface of the rotating disk radially inwardly to a drop area located at the radially innermost portion where it drops to the top surface of the hollow heating plate below. The waste material is then conveyed radially outward to a chute to the next reaction zone or once fully processed to an exit from the reactor. Vapors from the waste material are drawn off each reaction zone through an outlet for further processing.

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Номер записи: 62
21-01-2016 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PYROLYSIS AND ENTRAINED FLOW GASIFICATION SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR LOW RANK FUELS

Номер: US20160017801A1
Автор: Bi Xijing, DePuy Richard Anthony, Hu Lishun, Leininger Thomas Frederick, Xue Junli
Принадлежит:

In one aspect, a gasification system for use with low rank fuel is provided The system includes a pyrolysis unit positioned to receive a feed of low rank fuel, the pyrolysis unit being configured to pyrolyze the low rank fuel to produce pyrolysis gas and fixed carbon. The system also includes a gasifier configured to produce a syngas stream using the received fixed carbon, a cooler configured to receive and cool the syngas stream, and a first conduit coupled between the cooler and the pyrolysis unit. The first conduit is configured to recycle at least a portion of the syngas stream to the pyrolysis unit such that the recycled syngas stream is mixed with the pyrolysis gas to produce a hydrocarbon-rich syngas stream containing gasification by-products. The system also includes a by-product recovery system coupled to the pyrolysis unit for removing the gasification by-products from the hydrocarbon- rich syngas stream.

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Номер записи: 63
16-01-2020 дата публикации

ALLOYED ZEOLITE CATALYST COMPONENT, METHOD FOR MAKING AND CATALYTIC APPLICATION THEREOF

Номер: US20200016581A1
Автор: Gaffney Anne Mae
Принадлежит:

The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a method of making a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII metal alloyed with at least one transition metal and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component. The process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds may employ the use of a non-thermal catalytic plasma reactor, which may be configured as a fluid bed reactor or fixed bed reactor. 113.-. (canceled)14. A process of converting a mixed waste plastic into a low molecular weight organic compound , comprising the steps of(a) feeding particles of the mixed waste plastic, plasma, and a solid catalyst component into a non-thermal catalytic plasma reactor, the solid catalyst component comprising (i) a modified zeolite and (ii) alloyed metals into a fluidized bed reactor;(b) heating the particles of the mixed waste plastic and the solid catalyst component at a temperature effective to produce a coarse filler, inorganic components, coke, a volatile organic component, and a spent catalyst component;(c) withdrawing a first stream comprising the volatile organic component from the reactor;(d) withdrawing a second stream comprising the spent catalyst component, the coke, the coarse filler and the inorganic components from the reactor;(e) heating the second stream in a regenerator in the presence of oxygen, air, or a blend of oxygen with an inert gas at a temperature effective to convert the coke to a mixture of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water, and to regenerate the solid catalyst component; and(f) separating the regenerated solid catalyst component from the coarse filler and the inorganic components.15. The process of claim 14 , wherein the inert gas of step (e) is nitrogen claim 14 , steam or combinations thereof.16. The process of claim 14 , wherein the volatile ...

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Номер записи: 64
17-01-2019 дата публикации

Methodology for upgrading and cleaning of used tires, waste lubricants as well as any kind of oils and fats for utilization as feedstock in thermochemical conversion processes

Номер: US20190016959A1
Автор: Stylianos ARVELAKIS
Принадлежит: Individual

A methodology for cleaning and upgrading any kind of tires (cars, motorcycles, trucks, etc.), any kind of waste lubricants (internal combustion engines, industrial parts), any kind of oils as well as plant and animal fats by means of removal of the inorganic elements (potassium, sodium, chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and heavy metals such as Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Hg, Mn, etc.) and the simultaneous addition of new such as calcium, magnesium and ammonium, in order to produce a clean and upgraded rubber material, lubricant as well as fat/oil, which can be used as raw material in thermochemical conversion processes such as flash (t<1 sec)/fast pyrolysis.

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Номер записи: 65
18-01-2018 дата публикации

Coal-to-coal adhesiveness evaluation method

Номер: US20180017539A1
Автор: Hidekazu Fujimoto, Hiroyuki Sumi, Izumi Shimoyama, Kiyoshi Fukada, Takashi Anyashiki, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Yusuke Dohi
Принадлежит: JFE Steel Corp

In order to evaluate the compatibility of coals used in coke production and to produce cokes with desired strength by blending coals in consideration of the compatibility, the invention provides a technique which evaluates the adhesion strength obtained when two kinds of coals are carbonized based. on properties of the coals. Surface tensions of two kinds of semicokes obtained by heat treating two kinds of coals are measured. Based on the difference between the two measured values of surface tension, the quality of the adhesiveness between the two kinds of coals is evaluated.

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Номер записи: 66
21-01-2021 дата публикации

BIOCHAR AS A MICROBIAL CARRIER

Номер: US20210017095A1
Автор: Belcher Richard Wilson, Buege Brian, Cheiky Michael C., Jarand Mark L., KIM Han Suk, Sills Ronald A.
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to a microbial delivery where biochar acts as a carrier for microbes. 1. A microbial delivery system comprising:a treated biochar comprising a pore; anda microbe, wherein the microbe is retained on a surface or in a pore of the treated biochar;and wherein the treated biochar was formed by treating a biochar so as to improve or maintain the viability of the microbe retained on the surface or in the pore of the treated biochar.2. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the treated biochar.3. The delivery system of claim 2 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the treated biochar using mechanical claim 2 , chemical claim 2 , or biological assistance to move the microbe either into the pore of the biochar or onto the surface of the biochar.4. The delivery system of claim 3 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the biochar using the application of positive or negative pressure.5. The delivery system of claim 3 , wherein the microbe is inoculated into the pore of the biochar or on the surface of the treated biochar through integrated growth.6. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe is retained by the treated biochar through mixing the biochar and microbe together.7. The delivery system of claim 6 , wherein the microbe is retained on the treated biochar by suspending the microbe in liquid and depositing the microbe on the biochar.8Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Rhizobium, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Agrobacterium, Microccocus, Aereobacter, Flavobacterium, Erwinia, KlebsiellaEnterobacterBacillus mucilaginosus, Bacillus edaphicus, Bacillus circulans, PaenibacillusAcidothiobacillus ferrooxidans, Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella variicola, Pantoea agglomeransGlomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Aspergillus terreusAspergillus niger.. The delivery system of claim 1 , wherein the microbe retained by the biochar is selected from the group consisting of: claim ...

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Номер записи: 67
16-01-2020 дата публикации

BIOMASS INJECTION INTO FLUID BED CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS REACTOR

Номер: US20200017770A1
Автор: AMBLARD Benjamin Thomas, DASARATHY Raghava, FEUGNET Frédéric Jean-Michel, GAUTHIER Thierry Albert Pierre, JR. Charles Mitchel, Schmelzer Eugene, Sorensen, TEBIANIAN Sina
Принадлежит:

An improved process is provided for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, comprising pneumatically injecting a biomass feed via a pneumatic injection line into a fluidized heat medium, for example, hot catalyst, with a carrier gas at a velocity of from 5 to 40 m/s in at least one mixing zone in communication with a pyrolysis reactor in which catalytic pyrolysis occurs, and maintaining a catalyst/biomass mixture flowrate ratio (C/B) of from 4 to 40 downstream from the point of catalyst injection via a catalyst injection line in the at least one mixing zone. 1. A process for catalytic pyrolysis of biomass , comprising pneumatically injecting a biomass feed via a pneumatic injection line into a fluidized heat medium with a carrier gas at a velocity of from 5 to 40 m/s in at least one mixing zone in communication with a pyrolysis reactor in which catalytic pyrolysis occurs , and maintaining a catalyst/biomass mixture flowrate ratio (C/B) of from 4 to 40 downstream from the point of catalyst injection via a catalyst injection line in the at least one mixing zone.2. The process of wherein the biomass feed is injected through the pneumatic injection line in the at least one mixing zone having a horizontal claim 1 , upward or downward orientation with a deviation angle of 0 to 60 degrees.3. The process of wherein the deviation angle is 45 degrees.4. The process of wherein there are two pneumatic injection lines situated at opposite sides of the at least one mixing zone claim 1 , with 90° shift with respect to a heat medium inlet.5. The process of wherein the at least one mixing zone comprises a lift pipe connected to the bottom of a fluidized bed reactor by way of a termination device mounted on top of the lift pipe in order to diminish channeling and enhance a uniform distribution.6. The process of wherein the mixing zone comprises one to 4 lift pipes.7. The process of wherein feeding of biomass into the pneumatic injection line before pneumatic injection into the mixing zone is ...

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Номер записи: 68
22-01-2015 дата публикации

COAL DRY DISTILLATION DEVICE

Номер: US20150021158A1
Автор: Nakagawa Keiichi, Omoto Setsuo, SATO Fumiaki
Принадлежит: MITSUBISHI HEAVY INDUSTRIES, LTD.

The coal dry distillation device is provided with a dry distillation device of their invention main body which is provided with an inner tube to which the dry coal is supplied and an outer tube which covers the inner tube, and which indirectly heats the dry coal in the inner tube by means of a heating gas supplied to the outer tube and generates dry-distilled coal and dry distillation gas. This coal dry distillation device is provided with a mercury adsorption suppressing means which suppresses adsorption of mercury contained in the dry distillation gas into the dry-distilled coal, wherein the mercury adsorption suppressing means is an exhaust tube which discharges a gas inside the inner tube. The gas inlet port of the exhaust tube is arranged in a region between the substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction and the coal heating unit outlet in the inner tube. 1. A coal pyrolysis device including a pyrolysis device main unit including an inner tube to which dried coal is fed and an outer tube which covers the inner tube , and configured to produce pyrolysis coal and pyrolysis gas by indirectly heating the dried coal in the inner tube with heating gas fed into the outer tube , characterized in that the coal pyrolysis device comprises low-mercury-content pyrolysis coal producing means for reducing adsorption of mercury contained in the pyrolysis gas to the pyrolysis coal , or removing the pyrolysis coal to which the mercury has adsorbed , to produce the pyrolysis coal containing a small amount of the mercury.2. The coal pyrolysis device according to claim 1 , characterized in thatthe low-mercury-content pyrolysis coal producing means is a discharge pipe through which to discharge the gas in the inner tube, anda gas inlet port of the discharge pipe is located in the inner tube between a substantially center portion in a longitudinal direction and an exit of a coal heating portion in which the coal is heated by the heating gas.3. The coal pyrolysis ...

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Номер записи: 69
25-01-2018 дата публикации

USE OF A REACTOR, METHODS, AND DEVICE FOR QUANTITATIVELY OBTAINING MOLECULAR HYDROGEN FROM SUBSTANCES

Номер: US20180021746A1
Автор: GEHRE Matthias, KUEMMEL Steffen, RENPENNING Julian
Принадлежит:

The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δH) of hydrogen using online apparatuses. 1. The method according to wherein the zone with temperatures above 1100° C. is generated in the reactor to pyrolize the substances.2. (canceled)3. (canceled)4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the pyrolysis of the substances is carried out using a carrier gas.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that at least one section of a reactor inner wall is made of claim 38 , at least on its inner side claim 38 , material containing chromium claim 38 , and/or at least one section of a reactor inner wall has a coating containing chromium claim 38 , and/or a material containing chromium is embedded in at least one section of a reactor inner wall claim 38 , at least on its inner side.8. (canceled)9. (canceled)10. The method according to claim 38 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium is made of chromium and other heat-stable materials which do not contain any hydrogen and/or do not react with molecular hydrogen above 1100° C.11. (canceled)12. (canceled)13. (canceled)14. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 10 mL/min.15. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ensures a flow of carrier gas of up to 300 mL/min.16. The method according to claim 4 , characterized in that the reactor's material containing chromium ...

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Номер записи: 70
28-01-2016 дата публикации

DUAL STAGE, ZONE-DELINEATED PYROLYSIS APPARATUS

Номер: US20160024390A1
Автор: ULLOM WILLIAM
Принадлежит: VADXX ENERGY LLC

An apparatus for continuous conversion of hydro carbonaceous materials to condensable, non-condensable and solid hydrocarbon products, comprising at least one extruder capable of providing shear force and heat and having three or more treatment zones, a continuous process thermal kiln reactor, said extruder and said kiln reactor being in fluid communication, means for transporting hydro carbonaceous materials through the apparatus, and between said extruder and said kiln reactor, means for feeding said hydrocarbonaceous materials to the apparatus, means for heating said hydrocarbonaceous materials, means for removing vapor products from said apparatus, means for removing solid products from said apparatus, and means whereby said hydrocarbonaceous materials are maintained within the zones for a range of defined temperature and residence times, wherein said extruder has at least three zones, and said kiln reactor comprises at least two zones, whereby said hydrocarbonaceous material is subjected to a plurality of defined temperature ranges and residence times. 1. An apparatus for continuous conversion of hydrocarbonaceous materials to condensable , non-condensable and solid hydrocarbon products , comprising:at least one extruder means capable of providing shear force and heat and having three or more treatment zones,a continuous process thermal kiln reactor, said extruder and said kiln reactor being in fluid communication,means for transporting hydrocarbonaceous materials through the apparatus, and between said extruder and said kiln reactor,means for feeding said hydrocarbonaceous materials to the apparatus,means for heating said hydrocarbonaceous materials,means for removing vapor products from said apparatus,means for removing solid products from said apparatus,means whereby said hydrocarbonaceous materials are maintained within the zones for a range of defined temperature and residence times, andmeans for rotating said thermal kiln reactor,wherein said at least one ...

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Номер записи: 71
25-01-2018 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRODUCING NEEDLE COKE FOR LOW CTE GRAPHITE ELECTRODES

Номер: US20180023004A1
Автор: CHANG Ching-Feng, Lewis Irwin C., LEWIS Richard Thomas, Miller Douglas J.
Принадлежит: GrafTech International Holdings Inc.

A method of producing low CTE graphite electrodes from needle coke formed from a coal tar distillate material having a relatively high initial boiling point. 1. A method of creating a low coefficient of thermal expansion graphite electrode , comprising:(a) heating a needle coke precursor comprising at least 80% coal tar distillate having a boiling point of greater than 280° C. under pressure, thereby converting 60-90% of the coal tar distillate into raw coke;(b) calcining the raw coke to create low coefficient of thermal expansion needle coke;(c) milling the needle coke;(d) mixing the milled needle coke with coal tar binder pitch to create a mix;(e) extruding the mix to form a green electrode;(f) baking the green electrode to create a baked electrode; and(g) graphitizing the baked electrode to create a low coefficient of thermal expansion graphite electrode.2. The method of wherein the mixing step contains from about 15% by weight to about 35% by weight coal tar binder pitch.3. The method of wherein the low coefficient of thermal expansion graphite electrode has a coefficient of thermal expansion of from about 0.005 ppm/° C. to about 0.150 ppm/° C.4. The method of further comprising crushing the raw coke of step (a) prior to the calcining of step (b).5. The method of wherein the coal tar distillate has a modified Conradson carbon value of at least about 1%.6. The method of wherein the pressure of step (a) is of from about 20 psig to about 100 psig.7. The method of wherein the pressure is about 50 psig.8. The method of further comprising heating the coal tar distillate of step (a) at a rate of from about 35° C. per hour to about 65° C. per hour.9. The method of further comprising holding the temperature of step (a) for from about 16 hours to about 25 hours.10. The method of wherein the crushed raw coke of step (b) is calcined to a temperature of from about 1300° C. to about 1500° C.11. The method of further comprising calcining the coal tar distillate of step (b) at ...

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Номер записи: 72
25-01-2018 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF INCREASED VOLUMES OF PURE TERPENES AND TERPENOIDS FROM SCRAP POLYMERS AND ELASTOMERS

Номер: US20180023005A1
Автор: Beaver Earl R., WISTROM JONATHAN L.
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the vacuum pyrolization of scrap tires to produce a pyrolytic oil from which valuable terpenes such as limonene and pulegone may be extracted and purified. 1. A device for the pyrolysis of tires to form pyrolytic oils containing limonene and pulegone comprising;a nitrogen blanket bin for accepting shredded, washed, and dried automobile tires;at least one vacuum-lock valve;a helical screw which slowly turns to generate a mixture of shredded automobile tires and an additive/catalyst that can flow from the nitrogen blanket bin;at least one heater for heating the mixture from ambient temperature to about 450 degrees Celsius;a release valve for controlling the release of at least one of either a material and a vapor from the nitrogen blanket vacuum sealed furnace through a thin film evaporator and into a contactor/separator for recovery of at least one of either a type of terpene or a type of terpenoid from a mixture that has at least one of either the material or the vapor, wherein the contactor/separator can generate a pyrolytic vapor from the at least one of either the material or the vapor after a set of solids is removed from the mixture, and wherein the contactor/separator includes a chiller assembly for reducing the temperature of the pyrolytic vapor, a first heatable distillation column for reheating and cooling the mixture, a second heatable distillation column containing internal components that are at least one of either sieve trays or structured packing, wherein the second distillation column separates types of terpenes and the types of terpenoids that have been extracted from the mixture, wherein the mixture is passed through a small orifice disposed between the first distillation column and the second distillation column to thereby reduce the temperature of the mixture as it enters the second distillation column, wherein the terpenes and terpenoids are removed from the second distillation column through at least one tap mounted on ...

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Номер записи: 73
25-01-2018 дата публикации

FERROCOKE MANUFACTURING METHOD

Номер: US20180023166A1
Автор: Anyashiki Takashi, Fujimoto Hidekazu, SHIOZAWA Toru
Принадлежит: JFE STEEL CORPORATION

In a ferrocoke manufacturing method by shaping and carbonizing a mixture of coal and iron ore, a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of not more than 2.0 is used as the coal. The coal can be a blend of hardly softening coal and easily softening coal, and the hardly softening coal can be a coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.0 and a volatile matter of not less than 17%, and the easily softening coal can be a coal satisfying that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of easily softening coal by a blending ratio of easily softening coal in all coals is a range of 0.3-5.2. The coal can also be a blend of hardly softening coal and easily softening coal, and the hardly softening coal can be a coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.5-2.0, and the easily softening coal can be a coal satisfying that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of easily softening coal by a blending ratio of easily softening coal in all coals is nit more than 5.0. 1. A ferrocoke manufacturing method by shaping and carbonizing a mixture of coal and iron ore , wherein a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of not more than 2.0 is used as the coal.2. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein a hardly softening coal having a button index (CSN) of 1.5-2.0 is used as the coal.3. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the coal is a blend of a hardly softening coal and an easily softening coal claim 1 , and the hardly softening coal has a button index (CSN) of 1.0 and a volatile matter of not less than 17% claim 1 , and the easily softening coal satisfies that a value obtained by multiplying CSN of the easily softening coal by a blending ratio thereof in all coals is a range of 0.3-5.2.4. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 3 , wherein the blending ratio of the easily softening coal in all coals is not more than 0.8.5. The ferrocoke manufacturing method according to claim 1 , wherein the coal is a blend of the ...

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Номер записи: 74
10-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PREPARING NEEDLE COKE FOR ULTRA-HIGH POWER (UHP) ELECTRODES FROM HEAVY OIL

Номер: US20220041934A1
Автор: Du Hui, GONG Xin, LI JUN, Li Zhihao, Liu Dong, LOU BIN
Принадлежит: CHINA UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM

A method for preparing needle coke for ultra-high power (UHP) electrodes from heavy oil is provided. In this method, heavy oil is used as a raw material. The size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is conducted with polystyrene (PS) as a packing material to separate out specific components with a relative molecular weight of 400 to 1,000. The ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is conducted to remove acidic and alkaline components to obtain a neutral raw material. The neutral raw material is subjected to two-stage consecutive carbonization to obtain green coke, and the green coke is subjected to high-temperature calcination to obtain the needle coke for UHP electrodes. The needle coke has a true density of more than 2.13 g/cmand a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of ≤1.15×10/° C. at 25° C. to 600° C. 1. A method for preparing needle coke for ultra-high power (UHP) electrodes from heavy oil , comprising the following steps:(1) selecting heavy oil as a raw material;(2) subjecting the raw material to size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to separate out components with a relative molecular weight of 400 to 1,000;(3) removing acidic and alkaline components by ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) to obtain a neutral raw material;(4) subjecting the neutral raw material to first-stage carbonization for 1 h to 6 h at a pressure of 2 MPa to 8 MPa and a temperature of 400° C. to 450° C.;(5) after the first-stage carbonization is completed, heating a reactor to 460° C. to 520° C., conducting second-stage carbonization for 6 h to 12 h at a pressure of 0 MPa to 2 MPa to obtain a green coke product, and subjecting the green coke product to high-temperature calcination to obtain the needle coke for the UHP electrodes;wherein a packing material used for the SEC is an organogel, and the organogel is one from the group consisting of polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), cross-linked dextran, and cross-linked polyacrylamide (CL-PAM); an eluate used for the SEC is one from the group ...

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Номер записи: 75
10-02-2022 дата публикации

Process for Production of Graphite Coke from an Admixture of Coal and Petroleum Based Hydrocarbons

Номер: US20220041935A1
Автор: Das Satyen Kumar, Kapur Gurpreet Singh, Mondal Prantik, PRADEEP Ponoly Ramachandran, Prasad Terapalli Hari Venkata Devi, RAMAKUMAR Sankara Sri Venkata, Sau Madhusudan
Принадлежит:

The present invention provides a process for production of graphite coke from an admixture of coal and petroleum-based hydrocarbons. This particularly describes a process wherein a mixture of coal tar pitch and hydrocarbon feedstock such as CLO is purified in a solvent treatment step and the purified mixed feedstock is subjected to thermal cracking to produce high quality graphite/needle coke. This process also provides a synergy in improved coke quality coke formation while using an admixture of coal tar pitch and CLO while subjected to common purification and coking steps. 1. A process for production of graphite grade coke comprising:(a) mixing coal tar pitch and clarified oil (CLO) streams to obtain a mixed feedstock and routing the mixed feedstock to a solvent treatment vessel where it mixes with a solvent, wherein the coal tar pitch and the CLO are blended in a weight ratio ranging from 90:10 to 40:60;(b) separating the mixed feedstock into a heavy residual fraction containing impurities and a first purified mixed feedstock without impurities, and removing the heavy residual fraction as pitch from bottom of the solvent treatment vessel, wherein the impurities are quinoline insoluble substances along with solid catalyst fines;(c) passing the heavy residual fraction(pitch) to a first heater to obtain a heated pitch and flashing the heated pitch into a first solvent recovery column;(d) withdrawing a heavy pitch stream from bottom of the first solvent recovery column and routing overhead of the first solvent recovery column containing recovered solvent stream back to the solvent treatment vessel;(e) routing the first purified mixed feedstock from the solvent treatment vessel to a second heater to obtain a heated first purified mixed feedstock and flashing the heated first purified mixed feedstock into a second solvent recovery column;(f) routing overhead from the second solvent recovery column containing recovered solvent stream back to the solvent treatment vessel ...

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Номер записи: 76
10-02-2022 дата публикации

DEVICE AND PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AROMATICS FROM A BIOMASS PYROLYSIS GAS

Номер: US20220041943A1
Автор: Feugnet Frederic, JOLY Jean-Francois
Принадлежит:

A device and process for the conversion of aromatic compounds, includes/uses: a unit for the separation of the xylenes suitable for treating a cut comprising xylenes and ethylbenzene and producing an extract comprising para-xylene and a raffinate; an isomerization unit suitable for treating the raffinate and producing an isomerate enriched in para-xylene which is sent to a fractionation train; a pyrolysis unit suitable for treating biomass, producing a pyrolysis effluent feeding, at least partially, the feedstock, and producing a pyrolysis gas comprising CO and H; a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction section suitable for treating, at least in part, the pyrolysis gas, producing a synthesis effluent sent, at least in part, to the pyrolysis unit. 1. Device for the conversion of a feedstock of aromatic compounds , comprising:a fractionation train suitable for extracting at least one cut comprising benzene, one cut comprising toluene and one cut comprising xylenes and ethylbenzene from the feedstock;a unit for the separation of the xylenes suitable for treating the cut comprising xylenes and ethylbenzene and producing an extract comprising para-xylene and a raffinate comprising ortho-xylene, meta-xylene and ethylbenzene;an isomerization unit suitable for treating the raffinate and producing an isomerate enriched in para-xylene which is sent to the fractionation train;{'sub': '2', 'a pyrolysis unit suitable for treating biomass, producing at least one pyrolysis effluent comprising hydrocarbon compounds of 6 to 10 carbon atoms feeding at least partially the feedstock, and producing a pyrolysis gas, comprising at least CO and H;'}a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction section suitable for treating the pyrolysis gas at least in part, producing a synthesis effluent comprising hydrocarbon compounds of 3 to 22 carbon atoms, and sending the synthesis effluent, at least in part, to the pyrolysis unit.2. Conversion device according to claim 1 , in which the pyrolysis gas ...

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Номер записи: 77
10-02-2022 дата публикации

METHOD FOR PRODUCING CHARCOAL

Номер: US20220041948A1
Автор: HUPFAUF Benjamin
Принадлежит:

A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of: a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material, b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically, c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted to the material of the full stream and to the shape of the flow cross-section of the reduction unit in such a way that a stable fixed bed kept in suspension is formed in the reduction unit, d) removing the raw charcoal from the reduction unit via an overflow, e) separating gaseous components in a hot gas filter and collecting the charcoal, and f) quenching the collected charcoal with water. 1. A process for the production of charcoal comprising the steps of:a) feeding biomass, in particular wood chips, into a pyrolysis unit, in which the wood chips are pyrolyzed into a full stream comprising solid, liquid and gaseous material,b) feeding the full stream and a gasifying agent into an oxidation unit, wherein the full stream is oxidized at least partially and transported pneumatically,c) feeding the partially oxidized full stream from the oxidation unit into a reduction unit arranged essentially vertically, the material outlet of the oxidation unit being connected to the reduction unit, with the cross-section of the reduction unit increasing as the distance from the material outlet of the oxidation unit increases, the flow rate of the full stream in the reduction unit being adapted ...

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Номер записи: 78
28-01-2021 дата публикации

Catalytic hot-gas filtration of biomass pyrolysis vapors

Номер: US20210024829A1
Автор: Andrew Nolan WILSON, Braden Hamilton PETERSON, Chaiwat Engtrakul, Kimberly A. MAGRINI
Принадлежит: Alliance for Sustainable Energy LLC

The present disclosure relates to a device that includes a filter element and a catalyst, where the filter element is configured to remove particulate from a stream that includes at least one of a gas and/or a vapor to form a filtered stream of the gas and/or the vapor, the catalyst is configured to receive the filtered stream and react a compound in the filtered stream to form an upgraded stream of the gas and/or the vapor, further including an upgraded compound, and both the filter element and the catalyst are configured to be substantially stable at temperatures up to about 500° C.

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Номер записи: 79
02-02-2017 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS SYSTEM WITH OPTIMIZED REACTION SEQUENCING

Номер: US20170029705A1
Автор: Schneider Chuck
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for processing pyrolyzable materials in order to recover one or more usable end products are provided. Pyrolysis methods and systems according to various aspects of the present invention are able to thermally decompose carbon-containing materials, including, for example, tires and other rubber-containing materials, in order recover hydrocarbon-containing products including synthesis gas, pyrolysis oil, and carbon black. Systems and methods according to aspects of the present invention may be successful on a commercial scale, and may be suitable for processing a variety of feedstocks, including, but not limited to, used tires and other types of industrial, agricultural, and consumer waste materials. 1. A method of pyrolyzing a rubber-containing material , said method comprising:(a) at least partially filling a first crucible with a first quantity of rubber-containing material;(b) heating said first crucible in a first heating zone under conditions sufficient to pyrolyze at least a portion of said first quantity of rubber-containing material therein;(c) at least partially filling a second crucible with a second quantity of rubber-containing material and/or one or more pyrolysis products; and(d) during said heating of said first crucible, transferring said second crucible into or out of a second heating zone.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second heating zone is disposed in the same pyrolysis furnace as said first heating zone.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said second heating zone is disposed in a different pyrolysis furnace than said first heating zone.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising during said heating of said first crucible claim 1 , preheating a third crucible at least partially filled with a third quantity of rubber-containing material in a third heating zone.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said third heating zone is in the same pyrolysis furnace as at least one of said first and said second heating zones.6. The ...

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Номер записи: 80
02-02-2017 дата публикации

INTEGRATED ENHANCED SOLVENT DEASPHALTING AND COKING PROCESS TO PRODUCE PETROLEUM GREEN COKE

Номер: US20170029720A1
Автор: KOSEOGLU Omer Refa
Принадлежит:

An integrated process is provided for producing deasphalted oil, high quality petroleum green coke and liquid coker products. An enhanced solvent deasphalting process is used to treat the feedstock to reduce the level of asphaltenes, N, S and metal contaminants and produce a deasphalted oil with reduced contaminants. A coking process is integrated to produce liquid and gas coking unit products, and petroleum green coke. 1. An integrated process that operates within the battery limits of a refinery for conversion of a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock containing asphaltenes , sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing polynuclear aromatic molecules comprising: at a temperature and pressure that are below the critical pressure and temperature of the solvent to promote solvent-flocculation of solid asphaltenes', 'and', 'for a time sufficient to adsorb the sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing polynuclear aromatic molecules on the solid adsorbent material;, 'a. mixing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, paraffinic solvent and an effective quantity of solid adsorbent material'}b. passing the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, paraffinic solvent and solid adsorbent material to a first separation vessel;c. separating a solid phase comprising asphaltenes and solid adsorbent material from a liquid phase comprising deasphalted oil and paraffinic solvent;d. passing the solid phase to a filtration vessel with an aromatic and/or polar solvent to desorb the adsorbed contaminants and to recover regenerated solid adsorbent material;e. passing the liquid phase to a second separation vessel to separate deasphalted oil and paraffinic solvent, and optionally recycling at least a portion of the separated paraffinic solvent to step (a);f. passing deasphalted oil from the second separation vessel to a coking unit;g. thermally cracking the deasphalted oil in a coking unit to produce liquid and gas coking products; andh. recovering petroleum green coke from the coking unit.2. The process of wherein the ...

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Номер записи: 81
04-02-2016 дата публикации

PROCESS USING FLUE GAS HEAT FOR PYROLYSIS AND DRYING OF ORGANIC MATERIAL

Номер: US20160032194A1
Автор: Rovner Jerry Max
Принадлежит:

A process for pyrolysis and drying of an organic material, comprising: pyrolyzing the organic material to generate a coke; combusting the coke in a regenerator to produce a flue gas; cooling the flue gas from the regenerator by mixing the flue gas with an air to produce a cooled flue gas; and channeling the cooled flue gas to a heat exchanger to assist in drying a wet organic material being conveyed on a conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt is operably connected to a pyrolysis unit used for the pyrolyzing and the conveyor belt is in thermal communication with the heat exchanger. 1. A process for pyrolysis and drying of an organic material , comprising:a. pyrolyzing the organic material to generate a coke;b. combusting the coke in a regenerator to produce a flue gas;c. cooling the flue gas from the regenerator by mixing the flue gas with an air to produce a cooled flue gas; andd. channeling the cooled flue gas to a heat exchanger to assist in drying a wet organic material being conveyed on a conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt is operably connected to a pyrolysis unit used for the pyrolyzing and the conveyor belt is in thermal communication with the heat exchanger.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein a heat transfer media is used when pyrolyzing the organic material and the heat transfer media is transferred to the regenerator with the coke claim 1 , the heat transfer media being a particulate source of heat.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the particulate source of heat comprises sand.4. The process of claim 2 , wherein the regenerator returns the heat transfer media to a pyrolysis unit for reuse in pyrolyzing additional organic material.5. The process of claim 4 , further comprising the step of feeding the organic material that has been dried into the pyrolysis unit.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the flue gas from the regenerator initially has a temperature of at least about 1000° F. before cooling.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the flue gas is ...

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Номер записи: 82
01-02-2018 дата публикации

Rapid Thermal Conversion of Biomass

Номер: US20180030356A1
Автор: Freel Barry A.
Принадлежит:

The present invent provides improved rapid thermal conversion processes for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. In an embodiment, biomass material, e.g., wood, is feed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product. In one embodiment, the liquid product itself is used as the quench media. 120-. (canceled)21. A method , comprising:i) converting biomass at a temperature in the range of 350-600° C. in an upflow fast pyrolysis reactor to form a converted vapor stream;ii) rapidly quenching the converted vapor stream from a temperature in the range of 350-600° C. in at least one column to form a liquid product stream and a non-condensable gas stream; andiii) collecting at least a portion of the liquid product stream at a yield of at least 75% of the weight of the biomass.22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising: recirculating at least a portion of the non-condensable gas stream to the reactor.23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the at least a portion of the non-condensable gas stream is passed through a demister and/or a filter bed before the recirculating.24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the at least one column comprises:a) a rapid quench column which quenches a portion of the converted vapor stream to form a first condensate stream and a first overhead gas stream; andb) a second column which obtains a second condensate stream and the non-condensable gas stream from the first overhead gas ...

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Номер записи: 83
17-02-2022 дата публикации

CATALYST, PYROLYSIS DEVICE AND PYROLYSIS METHOD

Номер: US20220048012A1
Автор: CHEN HUANG-CHUAN, Chen Kuan-Hsin, Chen Kuan-Ta, Chen Kuan-Yu, HUANG CHIEN-FA, WANG YI-YU
Принадлежит:

A catalyst is illustrated, which has 70-90 parts by weight of mica, 1-10 parts by weight of zeolite, 5-15 parts by weight of titanium dioxide, 1-10 parts by weight of aluminum oxide, 1-5 parts by weight of sodium oxide and 1-5 parts by weight of potassium oxide. The present disclosure also illustrates a pyrolysis device using the catalyst, and further illustrates a pyrolysis method using the catalyst and/or the pyrolysis device for thermally cracking an organic polymer. 1. A catalyst , comprising:70-90 parts by weight of mica;1-10 parts by weight of zeolite;5-15 parts by weight of titanium dioxide;1-10 parts by weight of aluminum oxide;1-5 parts by weight of sodium oxide; and1-5 parts by weight of potassium oxide.2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the mica is selected from at least one of muscovite mica claim 1 , hydromica claim 1 , bronze mica claim 1 , didymite claim 1 , zinnwaldite and lithium mica.3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the zeolite is selected from at least one of echellite claim 1 , stilbite claim 1 , heulandite claim 1 , scolecite claim 1 , chabazite claim 1 , mordenite and cubicite.4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises at least one of silicon dioxide claim 1 , calcium oxide claim 1 , aluminum oxide claim 1 , ferric oxide and magnesium oxide.5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst further comprises 1-3 parts by weight of solid base claim 1 , and the solid base com comprise at least one of sodium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium carbonate claim 1 , sodium bicarbonate claim 1 , potassium hydroxide claim 1 , potassium carbonate claim 1 , calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate.6. A pyrolysis device claim 1 , using the catalyst of for thermal cracking reaction claim 1 , comprising:a vertical thermal cracking main furnace, comprising:a furnace body, having a furnace roof, a furnace bottom and a furnace wall;an agitator shaft, disposed upright in the furnace body, provided with multiple agitator sheets;a thermal ...

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Номер записи: 84
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Method for application of biochar in turf grass and landscaping environments

Номер: US20220048831A1
Автор: Brian Buege, Han Suk Kim, Mark L. Jarand, Neil Christopher Wahlgren, Ranko Bontchev, Richard W. Wilson, Timothy Alan THOMPSON, Vern S. Traxler
Принадлежит: Carbon Technology Holdings LLC

The present invention relates to a method for applying biochar to turf and landscape to allow the turf and landscape to be effectively maintained under reduced water and/or reduced fertilizer applications.

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Номер записи: 85
01-02-2018 дата публикации

Evaluating method for coal and producing method for coke (as amended)

Номер: US20180031501A1
Автор: Kazutoshi Hanada, Kiyoshi Fukada, Mikiya Nagayama, Narumi NANRI, Takashi Matsui, Yusuke Dohi
Принадлежит: JFE Steel Corp

A method for accurately measuring the thermoplasticity of a coal whose thermoplasticity has been difficult to evaluate and determining whether the coal that is to be measured does not significantly reduce the coke strength when used for a coal blend is disclosed. Also disclosed is a method for evaluating a coal used as a raw material for coke and includes using a physical property value relating to a thermoplasticity of a coal as an index for evaluating the coal, wherein a primary or secondary amine including an aromatic ring have been added to the coal, thereby enhancing the thermoplasticity of the coal.

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Номер записи: 86
31-01-2019 дата публикации

NOVEL COKE WITH ADDITIVES

Номер: US20190031961A1
Автор: Christ Martin, DAIMER JOHANN, FROHS Wilhelm, HILTMANN FRANK, Öttinger Oswin, Schmitt Rainer, WALTER Heribert
Принадлежит: SGL CFL CE GmbH

Coke including additives that are accumulated at the yield points or in the regions surrounded by the yield points. For homogeneous distribution, the additives are continuously dosed into the delayed coker during the filling time. The dosing can be carried out by powdery blowing with an inert gas (nitrogen) or also distributed in a slurry consisting of the reaction components and a partial flow of the coker feed (vacuum resid, pytar, decant oil or coal-tar distillates). According to an advantageous form of embodiment, the additives may optionally have a diameter of between 0.05 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 3 mm. Advantageously, the additives can be selected from at least one of acetylene coke, fluid coke, flexi coke, shot coke, carbon black, non-graphitisable carbons (chars), non-graphitic anthracite, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, titanium diboride or mixtures thereof. 111-. (canceled)12. A coke comprising:additives,the additives are accumulated at the yield points or in the regions surrounded by the yield points.13. The coke according to claim 12 , wherein the coke is chosen from the group consisting of petroleum coke claim 12 , coal-tar pitch coke or from the residues of coal gasification claim 12 , coal hydrogenation or also the cokes obtained from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or from a petrol/coal-tar pitch mixture obtained from the mixture of petrol and coal-tar pitch residues claim 12 , or any mixture of the named cokes.14. The coke according to claim 12 , wherein the additives are accumulated at the yield points or are embedded in the regions surrounded by the yield points or are both accumulated at the yield points and embedded in the regions surrounded by the yield points.15. The coke according to claim 14 , wherein the additives are selected from the group consisting of acetylene coke claim 14 , fluid coke claim 14 , flexi coke claim 14 , shot coke claim 14 , carbon black claim 14 , non-graphitisable carbons (chars) claim 14 , non-graphitic ...

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Номер записи: 87
30-01-2020 дата публикации

Process For Converting Carbonaceous Material Into Low Tar Synthesis Gas

Номер: US20200032150A1
Автор: KRESNYAK Steve, ZAHORIK Pavel
Принадлежит:

A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out under pressure claim 1 , preferably greater than full vacuum and less than 600 psig claim 1 , more preferably between atmospheric pressure and 100 psig.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the syngas composition has a H2:CO ratio from about 0.5 to about 1.5 claim 1 , preferably about 0.8 to about 1.0.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the carbonaceous fuel material comprises biomass fuel selected from wood chips claim 1 , railway tie chips claim 1 , waste wood claim 1 , forestry waste claim 1 , sewage sludge claim 1 , pet coke claim 1 , coal claim 1 , Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) claim 1 , Refuse-derived Fuel (RDF) claim 1 , or any combination.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the biomass fuel is formed by a chipping claim 4 , shredding claim 4 , extrusion claim 4 , mechanical processing claim 4 , compacting claim 4 , pelletizing claim 4 , granulating claim 4 , or crushing process.6. The process of claim 4 , where the biofuel has been sprayed with claim 4 , coated with or impregnated with liquid or solid carbonaceous materials.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the PDX stage temperature is greater than 1250° C. claim 1 , or greater than the ash fusion temperature to create liquid slag.8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising processing and cooling the tar free syngas to be used for ...

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Номер записи: 88
30-01-2020 дата публикации

DEMINERALIZATION AND UPGRADING OF PETROLEUM COKES

Номер: US20200032155A1
Автор: MANASRAH Abdullah Darweesh, NASSAR Nashaat N., VITALE Gerardo
Принадлежит:

Processes are provided for the oxidative solubilization of metal-containing petroleum cokes in a basic aqueous solution, so as to segregate a solid metal-containing residue from a solubilized and demineralized organics fraction. Oxidation conditions are provided that optimize the yield of soluble partial oxidation products and minimize the generation of CO. In some embodiments, a nanocrystalline copper tetrasilicate oxidation catalyst belonging to the Gillespite group of minerals may be used (Cuprorivaite (CaCuSiO), Wesselsite (SrCuSiO), Effenbergerite (BaCuSiO), or combinations thereof). The pH of the solubilized organics fraction may be reduced, under conditions that precipitate an upgraded carbonaceous material, in some embodiments comprising humic acid analogs, yielding a barren leachate solution. 1. A method of processing petroleum cokes , comprising:providing a solid green petroleum coke comprising a carbonaceous component and a transition metal component, the carbonaceous component comprising polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, wherein the solid green petroleum coke has an elemental composition in wt % of: ≥80 carbon ≤98; ≥1 hydrogen ≤8; ≥2.5 oxygen ≤10; nitrogen ≥0.5; ≥1 sulfur ≤10; ≥0.001 vanadium ≤0.8; ≥0.001 iron ≤0.5; ≥0.001 nickel ≤0.5; ≥0.001 molybdenum ≤0.1; and, ≥0.01 cobalt ≤1;solubilizing a soluble portion of the solid green petroleum coke in a basic subcritical aqueous solubilization liquid under solubilization conditions that comprise a solubilization pressure of at least 500 psi, a solubilization temperature of from 220° C. to 240° C., and an added solubilization base concentration effective to maintain a solubilization pH ≥8, for an effective solubilization time of not more than 2 hours, in the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere comprising more than 21% oxygen, with agitation to generate a stirred reaction region in the solubilization liquid having a Reynolds number of ≥10,000, so as to solubilize at least 75% of the solid green petroleum coke ...

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Номер записи: 89
04-02-2021 дата публикации

EFFICIENT PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM TO PROCESS SOLID ORGANIC WASTE

Номер: US20210032542A1
Автор: BONFANTI MATTIA, MOSCIARELLO MARCO, Pessina Stefano, PRESEZZI Darfio, VILLA VALENTINO
Принадлежит: BioForce

The techniques introduced here include a system and method for efficiently, and in some embodiments automatically, processing solid organic waste. In both the method and the system the solid organic waste is injected into a rotating, thermally isolable, container with internal sensors that help in keeping humidity and temperature within given parameters, before the resulting dried solid organic waste is sent to a pyrolysis chamber and its exhausts are sent to filter. In some embodiments, inert material in the form of dried solid organic waste is left in the container in order to make the process even more efficient and system and process are made automatic and remotely controllable through the use of software automation and a web of internal and external sensors. 2. A method as in claim 1 , wherein:the container, once filled with the solid organic waste, is isolated until the resulting dried solid organic waste is obtained.3. A method as in claim 1 , wherein:the exhaust in the container is sent to a biofilter.4. A method as in claim 1 , wherein:through a heat exchanger, an external air used to lower the internal temperature of the container and the smoke resulting from the treatment of the solid organic waste are respectively, and automatically, heated and cooled.5. A method as in claim 1 , wherein a new load of the solid organic waste is automatically injected in the container after the resulting dried solid organic waste is obtained.6. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the solid organic waste is mixed claim 1 , before injection in the container claim 1 , with an inert material.7. A method as in claim 1 , wherein a part of the resulting dried solid organic waste is left in the container instead of being processed through pyrolysis to act as the inert material for a subsequent processing cycle.8. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the container automatically rotates based on a set of predetermined parameters.9. A method as in claim 1 , wherein the internal temperature ...

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Номер записи: 90
04-02-2021 дата публикации

Coke Processing Energy Production

Номер: US20210032543A1
Автор: Eatough Craig
Принадлежит:

A method is disclosed, for producing coke in which at least a first and second source of carbonaceous materials are introduced as feedstock into a mixer. The materials are mixed into a single feedstock, and the single feedstock is analyzed to determine its coking feasibility. The single feedstock is pyrolyzed in a pyrolyzer to produce at least a coke material and a gaseous by-product. At least a portion of the gaseous by-product is used outside of the pyrolyzer. Other embodiments are also disclosed. 1. A method for producing coke comprising:introducing a first source of carbonaceous material as a first feedstock into a mixer;introducing a second source of carbonaceous material as a second feedstock into the mixer;mixing at least the first and second source carbonaceous materials into a single feedstock of carbonaceous materials;pyrolyzing said single feedstock in a pyrolyzer to produce coke material;harnessing a gas by-product from said pyrolyzing; andtreating said gas before supplying at least a portion of it to an energy provider.2. The method of wherein the first source of carbonaceous material is coal fines.3. The method of wherein the second source of carbonaceous material is coke waste fines.4. The method of wherein a third source of material is added to the mixture.5. The method of wherein said pyrolyzing the single feedstock of materials comprise the act of producing a high-grade coking material.6. The method of wherein said single feedstock is selected from the group consisting ofa particular composition;a particular reactivity;a particular shape;a particular by-product generation;a particular size;a particular strength; anda particular heating value.7. A method for producing coke comprising:mixing at least a first and a second carbonaceous material into a single feedstock of carbonaceous materials;determining coking feasibility said single feedstock of carbonaceous materials;modifying said single feedstock into a predetermined material composition; ...

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Номер записи: 91
17-02-2022 дата публикации

Coke morphology by image segmentation

Номер: US20220051393A1
Автор: Cesar Ovalles, Estrella Rogel, Kaustav Chaudhuri, Paul E. Hajdu, Thomas M. REA
Принадлежит: Chevron USA Inc

The present invention is directed to a method for the prediction of coke morphology from feed characteristics using cross-polarized light optical microscopy, image segmentation, and statistical analysis.

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Номер записи: 92
11-02-2016 дата публикации

Conversion of polymer containing materials to petroleum products

Номер: US20160040073A1
Автор: Benjamin Ralph Coates, Priyanka Bakaya
Принадлежит: Pk Clean Technologies Inc

Systems and methods achieve the conversion of polymer containing material into petroleum products such as hydrocarbon gas, wax, crude oil and diesel. The reactor and its system are designed to subject the polymer containing material to pyrolysis in a way that results in a higher petroleum product yield than conventional existing systems. The system has controls which allow for the heating temperature, rotation of the body, and throughput rate, to be adjusted depending on the reaction time required for the material inside the reactor. The condensing system is able to separate the products into the desired petroleum products by percentage output ranging from wax to crude-like oil to diesel-quality oil.

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Номер записи: 93
09-02-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR BIOMASS FRACTIONING BY ENHANCING BIOMASS THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Номер: US20170037319A1
Автор: Cheiky Michael C., Sills Ronald A.
Принадлежит:

A method is disclosed for generating useful Chemical intermediates from biomass using a novel pyrolysis reactor that utilizes the inherent thermal properties of carbon under compression as the biomass is subjected to sequential or concurrent temperature ramps. The ramps are sufficient to volatilize and selectively create different components, while the pressure application aids the selective decomposition of the biomass. 138-. (canceled)39. A method for producing a biomass char , comprising:subjecting biomass to sequential or concurrent ramps of temperature and pressure treatments, wherein the temperature ramps include a sufficiently high temperature to create a carbon or carbonaceous material within the biomass;selectively collecting at least one group of volatile compounds as it is released from the biomass; andcollecting residual biomass char formed from the carbon or carbonaceous material within the biomass.40. The method of claim 39 , wherein the ramps of temperature vary from about 0.001° C./sec to about 1000° C./sec.41. The method of claim 40 , wherein the ramps of temperature are varied over a period of time ranging from about 1 microsecond to about 1 week.42. The method of claim 39 , wherein the pressure treatments are incremented over a range of pressures.43. The method of claim 39 , wherein the pressure treatments are applied over a range of times varying from about 1 microsecond to about 1 week.44. The method of claim 39 , wherein the pressure treatments vary in magnitude from about 0.2 MPa to about 10 GPa.45. The method of claim 39 , wherein an admixture of pressure treatments of differing magnitudes is applied over a range of times.46. The method of claim 39 , wherein the pressure treatments increase thermal conductivity of formed carbon or carbonaceous material within the biomass.47. The method of claim 46 , wherein the biomass char has a thermal conductivity of from about 1 to 5 W/(m·K).48. The method of claim 39 , wherein pressure treatments ...

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Номер записи: 94
09-02-2017 дата публикации

Process for producing high-carbon biogenic reagents

Номер: US20170037333A1
Автор: Daniel J. Despen, James A. Mennell
Принадлежит: Biogenic Reagents Ventures LLC

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into high carbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. The structural objects may have a structure and/or strength that derive from the feedstock, heat rate, and additives.

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Номер записи: 95
09-02-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCTION OF HIGH-CARBON BIOGENIC REAGENTS

Номер: US20170037334A1
Автор: Despen Daniel J., Mennell James A.
Принадлежит:

This invention provides processes and systems for converting biomass into highcarbon biogenic reagents that are suitable for a variety of commercial applications. Some embodiments employ pyrolysis in the presence of an inert gas to generate hot pyrolyzed solids, condensable vapors, and non-condensable gases, followed by separation of vapors and gases, and cooling of the hot pyrolyzed solids in the presence of the inert gas. Additives may be introduced during processing or combined with the reagent, or both. The biogenic reagent may include at least 70 wt %, 80 wt %, 90 wt %, 95 wt %, or more total carbon on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may have an energy content of at least 12,000 Btu/lb, 13,000 Btu/lb, 14,000 Btu/lb, or 14,500 Btu/lb on a dry basis. The biogenic reagent may be formed into fine powders, or structural objects. 1. A high-carbon biogenic reagent production system , said system comprising:(a) a material feed system configured to introduce a carbon-containing feedstock;(b) an optional dryer, disposed in operable communication with said material feed system, configured to remove moisture contained within a carbon-containing feedstock;(c) a multiple-zone reactor, disposed in operable communication with said material feed system or said dryer (if present), wherein said multiple-zone reactor contains at least one pyrolysis zone disposed in operable communication with a spatially separated cooling zone, and wherein said multiple-zone reactor is configured with an outlet to remove condensable vapors and non-condensable gases from solids;(d) a cooler, disposed in operable communication with said multiple-zone reactor; and(e) a carbon recovery unit, disposed in operable communication with said cooler.2. The system of claim 1 , said system further comprising a preheating zone claim 1 , disposed in operable communication with said pyrolysis zone.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein each of said at least one pyrolysis zone claim 2 , said cooling zone claim 2 , ...

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Номер записи: 96
08-02-2018 дата публикации

PYROLYSIS OR GASIFICATION APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20180037822A1
Автор: Donegan Daniel Michael
Принадлежит:

A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure, wherein a gas path within the heated enclosure is helical or spherical. Pyrolysis is used to destroy oils, tars and/or PAHs in a gaseous mixture. 1. A pyrolysis apparatus having a heating system adapted to heat a first gas enclosure , wherein a gas path within the heated first gas enclosure is helical or spiral.2. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is a tube having a spiral insert.3. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes a frustoconical shell having a gas input pipe connected thereto claim 1 , the input pipe being inclined at a radius of the first gas enclosure.4. An apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the first gas enclosure includes an extension portion having parallel claim 3 , or substantially parallel claim 3 , walls extending from a widest circumference of the frustoconical shell.5. An apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the frustoconical shell has a smaller diameter end positioned below a larger diameter end.6. (canceled)7. An apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a pyrolysis unit having pyrolysis region and a gas exit passage claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is coupled to the gas exit passage.8. An apparatus of wherein the heating system is adapted to heat the pyrolysis region.9. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first gas enclosure is located within the heating system.10. An apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a second gas enclosure claim 1 , wherein a gas path within the second gas enclosure is helical or spherical and a gas output of the first gas enclosure is connected to a gas input of the second gas enclosure.11. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating system comprises a thermally insulated chamber and one or more heat sources arranged to heat the inside of the thermally insulated chamber.12. An apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the heating system comprises a plurality of heating units claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 97
12-02-2015 дата публикации

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING METALLURGICAL COKE FROM PETROLEUM COKE OBTAINED IN MINERAL OIL REFINERIES BY COKING IN "NON-RECOVERY" OR "HEAT-RECOVERY" COKING OVENS

Номер: US20150041304A1
Автор: Haerschnitz Klaus, Kim Ronald, Reichelt Hans-Joachim
Принадлежит: THYSSENKRUPP INDUSTRIAL SOLUTIONS AG

The invention relates to a process for producing metallurgical coke from petroleum coke generated in crude oil refineries, by coking in “heat-recovery” coking ovens, starting from petroleum coke obtained or generated in crude oil refineries and possessing from the outset a volatiles content of 15 to 19 weight percent and an ash fraction of up to 2 Weight percent, this petroleum coke being introduced in densified form into a coking oven of “non-recovery” or “hat-recovery” construction for the purpose of cyclical coking, said oven being equipped with at least one externally heated burner, so that the primary healing space or the secondary heating space below the coking oven chamber, or both, are heated to a temperature of between 1000° C. to 1550° C., and within a time period of less than 120 h, the volatiles fraction present in the petroleum coke is completely outgassed, giving a metallurgical coke having a CSR strength of at least 44% and a CRI reactivity of less than 33%, being suitable for use as iron- and steelmaking coke The invention also relates to a coking oven which is constructed according to the “non-recovery” or “heat-recovery” coking ovens principle and which comprises a primary heating space, and which is equipped with burners which heat the primary heating space. 2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that the volatiles content of the petroleum coke prior to coking is 16 to 18 weight percent.3. The process as claimed in either of and claim 1 , characterized in that the heating is performed in the coking oven claim 1 , by the burner flame being introduced into the gas space over the petroleum coke batch.4. The process as claimed in any of to claim 1 , characterized in that the coking oven is equipped with at least one externally heated burner for heating the secondary heating space below the petroleum coke cake claim 1 , by which the petroleum coke cake is heated.5. The process as claimed in claim 4 , characterized in that the heating ...

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Номер записи: 98
24-02-2022 дата публикации

MULTI-MODAL BEDS OF COKING MATERIAL

Номер: US20220056342A1
Автор: AHMED Syed, Perkins Jonathan, Quanci John Francis, Sarpen Jake, Wozek Jeff
Принадлежит:

The present technology is generally directed to providing beds of coking material to charge a coking oven. In various embodiments, a quantity of first particulate material, having a first particulate size and bulk density, is combined with a second particulate material, having a second particulate size and bulk density, to define a multi-modal bed of coking material. The multi-modal bed of coking material exhibits an optimized bulk density that is greater than an ideal bulk density predicted by a linear combination of the bulk densities of the individual materials. 150-. (canceled)51. A multi-modal bed of coking material comprising:a first particulate coking material having a first bulk density; anda second particulate coking material having a second bulk density less than the first bulk density,the first particulate coking material being distributed with the second particulate coking material such that the multi-modal bed of coking material comprises a generally uniform distribution of the first particulate material and the second particulate material from a bottom portion of the multi-modal bed of material to an upper portion of the multi-modal bed of material, wherein the multi-modal bed of material includes a third density higher than a density calculated by the weighed sum of the first bulk density and the second bulk density.52. The multi-modal bed of claim 51 , wherein claim 51 , within the multi-modal bed of material claim 51 , the first particulate material is distributed in a manner that defines a plurality of void spaces at least partially filled with the second particulate material.53. The multi-modal bed of claim 51 , wherein the second particulate material comprises less than 10% by weight of the multi-modal bed of material.54. The multi-modal bed of claim 51 , wherein the first particulate coking material comprises a carbon containing material and the second particulate coking material comprises at least one of anthracite claim 51 , breeze claim 51 , ...

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Номер записи: 99
24-02-2022 дата публикации

Process and plant for biomass treatment

Номер: US20220056356A1
Автор: Daniele BASSO, Flavio Manenti, Kristiano PRIFTI, Renato PAVANETTO
Принадлежит: HBI SRL

Described is a plant and process for biomass treatment, where the plant is configured to actuate said process which comprises: —a step A of thermochemical treatment of transformation of a biomass into a carbonaceous solid, where this transformation involves treating the biomass at a treatment temperature of between 150° C. and 300° C. and at a treatment pressure of between 10 atm and 50 atm for 0.5-8 hours, in the presence of water, with accessory production of a treatment gas; —a step B of mixing the treatment gas with an auxiliary gas, to obtain operating gas; —a step C of thermochemical decomposition of the carbonaceous solid in an atmosphere consisting of the operating gas, where the thermochemical decomposition is suitable to obtain a combustible synthesis gas. step

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Номер записи: 100