СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ВОДОРОДА

... 1. Гибкая модульная система (1) для получения водорода из органического материала, содержащая:(I) по меньшей мере, одно загрузочное устройство или модуль (2) загрузки;(II) по меньшей мере, один модуль (7) газификации, содержащий, по меньшей мере, один плазменный генератор (8), который питают переменным током;(III) по меньшей мере, один модуль (11) охлаждения газа;(IV) по меньшей мере, один модуль (12) газоочистки, включающий, по меньшей мере, одно газоочистное устройство;(V) по меньшей мере, один модуль (14) конверсии водяного газа и сепарации водорода; в которойкаждый из модулей сконструирован как стандартный контейнер, имеющий стандартный размер стандартного контейнера ИСО, и выполнен с возможностью транспортирования на транспортном средстве и указанные модули соединены друг с другом посредством стыковочной поверхности, которая содержит соединительные средства (19а, 19b, 19с и 19d) и соединения для газа (15) и электроэнергии и связи (16), ипричем плазменный газ направляют из разрядного ...

СПОСОБ ОБРАБОТКИ ЗОЛЫ И УСТАНОВКА ДЛЯ ОБРАБОТКИ ЗОЛЫ

1. Способ обработки золы, в котором зольную пыль отделяют от потока продуктового газа, полученного при газификации топлива, причем указанную зольную пыль сжигают в псевдоожиженном слое для снижения содержания углерода в золе, после чего топочные газы от сжигания обрабатывают, отличающийся тем, чтов первой стадии золу сжигают в псевдоожиженном слое при температуре не выше 800°С для снижения содержания углерода, иво второй стадии топочные газы сжигают в независимом процессе сгорания, причем условия горения достигают температуры по меньшей мере 850°С.2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что перед процессом сгорания тонкодисперсный материал золы, унесенной в топочных газах сжигания с псевдоожиженным слоем, отделяют от них.3. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что сжигание в псевдоожиженном слое происходит в циркулирующем псевдоожиженном слое (CFB).4. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что после сжигания в псевдоожиженном слое остаточный углерод составляет менее 5 вес.% от количества всей отделенной золы.5. Способ по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что газ, полученный после сжигания топочных газов, очищают вместе с топочными газами из основного бойлера электростанции, в одной или более стадиях очистки.6. Установка для обработки золы с реактором (1) с псевдоожиженным слоем, выполненная с возможностью сжигания зольной пыли, отделенной от потока продуктового газа, полученного при газификации топлива, отличающаяся тем, что дымоход (5) для топочных газов реактора (1) с псевдоожиженным слоем ведет к отдельной камере (7) сгорания для сжигания топочных газов в независимом процессе сжигания, и температура сжигания в камере (7) сгорания яв� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2012 109 574 A (51) МПК C10J 3/54 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2012109574/05, 13.03.2012 (71) Заявитель(и): МЕТСО ПАУЭР ОЙ (FI) Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (72) Автор(ы): ИСАКССОН Юхани (FI) 14.03.2011 FI ...

Verfahren zur luftgeblasenen Vergasung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffen

REGISTER-SPALTOFEN

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF WATER-CONTAINING COAL

... 1276736 Gasifying coal RHEINISCHE BRAUNKOHLENWERKE AG 20 Aug 1969 [22 Aug 1968 20 Jan 1969] 41611/69 Heading C5E A process for gasifying water-containing coal or peat comprises contacting the coal directly with a liquid metal melt, e.g. lead, in a bath and utilising the water content of the coal as gasifying agent. The water may be that in the coal as mined, e.g. as in brown coals, or that added during winning. In illustrated embodiments, the coal-water mixture is delivered by a pump to the bottom of the bath and is passed upwardly through the melt, which is circulated through an external heating device and flows in concurrent or countercurrent with the coal in the bath. Oil may be added to the coal-water mixture.

Air separation

Liquid metal transport gasifier

Process and machine for the transformation of combustible pollutants or waste materials into clean energy and utilisable products.

SPALTOFEN ZUR KATALYTISCHEN HOCHTEMPERATURSPALTUNG VON GASEN INSBESONDERE MITTELS KERNENERGIE

Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse (5) bei dem der Biomasse (5) in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) deren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt reduziert und weiters beim Trocknungsvorgang aus der Biomasse (5) Ammoniak (NH3) freigesetzt wird. Die getrocknete Biomasse (5) wird nachfolgend in einem Pyrolyse-Reaktor (2) pyrolysiert und das Pyrolysegas an eine Brennvorrichtung (3) weitergeleitet und in dieser zu Rauchgas verbrannt, welches einer Zumischvorrichtung (9) zugeleitet wird. Dem Rauchgas wird in der Zumischvorrichtung (9) Sauerstoff (O2) zudosiert und als Trocknungsgas der Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) direkt zugeleitet. Beim Hindurchleiten des Trocknungsgases durch die Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) reagiert das im Trocknungsgas enthaltene Schwefeldioxid (SO2) und/oder das Schwefeltrioxid (SO3) mit dem Ammoniak (NH3) chemisch zu Ammoniumsulfit ((NH4)2SO3) und/oder Ammoniumsulfat ((NH4)2SO4).

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING REDUCING GAS

PROCEDURE AND PLANT FOR RUECKGEWINNUNG OF USABLE GAS FROM MUELL BY PYROLYSIS.

PROCEDURE AND APPARATUS FOR THE CIRCULATION OF SOLIDS WITHIN A CENTRIFUGAL CHAMBER.

Systems and methods for solar-thermal gasification of biomass

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant that may include a solar thermal receiver having a cavity with an inner wall, where the solar thermal receiver is aligned to absorb concentrated solar energy from one or more of 1 ) an array of heliostats, 2) solar concentrating dishes, and 3) any combination of the two. Some embodiments may include a solar-driven chemical reactor having multiple reactor tubes located inside the cavity of solar thermal receiver, wherein a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat occurs in the multiple reactor tubes, and wherein particles of biomass are gasified in the presence of a steam (H2O) carrier gas and methane (CH4) in a simultaneous steam reformation and steam biomass gasification reaction to produce reaction products that include hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas using the solar thermal energy from the absorbed concentrated solar energy in the multiple reactor tubes.

Improved molten metal decomposition apparatus and process

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas

FUEL GAS-PRODUCING PYROLYSIS REACTORS

FLUIDIZED BED SYSTEM

A fluidized bed system comprises a fluidized bed reactor, a solids separator and a return line and serves to carry out exothermic processes in a circulating fluidized bed. The system comprises lines for supplying oxygencontaining primary gases through the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor, lines for supplying oxygen-containing secondary gases on a level which is at least 1 meter above the bottom of the reactor but not in excess of 30% of the height of the reactor, and a fuel line, which opens into the fluidized bed reactor between the primary and secondary gas inlet means. In order to ensure a satisfactory transverse mixing of the oxygen-containing secondary gas and fuel particularly in reactors having large dimensions, the fluidized bed system is provided with one or more displacing body which covers or cover 40 to 75% of the bottom surface area of the fluidized bed reactor and has or have a maximum height that is equal to one-half of the height of the fluidized-bed reactor. The displacing ...

PROCESS AND AN APPARATUS FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF COMBUSTIBLE POLLUTANTS OR WASTE MATERIALS INTO CLEAN ENERGY AND USEFUL PRODUCTS

The process and the apparatus are for the transformation of combustible pollutants or waste materials into clean energy and useful products. The process comprises the steps of submitting the material to be treated to the action of a thermic lance in an airless atmosphere so as to totally decompose it and extract combustible gases, non-combustible gases and inerts. Then the thermally decomposed products are cooled and the inert products with water are separated. Steam is thus generated, which is introduced with the cooled gases onto a heated carbonaceous mass in order to filter the gases and, in part, transform them to obtain hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other totally useful gaseous products. Finally, the gaseous products are cooled.

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE RECOVERY OF UTILIZABLE GAS FROM GARBAGE BY PYROLYSIS

A method for recovering utilizable gas from garbage by pyrolysis, wherein precomminuted garbage is processed into fluff material, granules, or pellets, and is then introduced into a degasifying drum in which low temperature carbonization gas is produced and is separated from the residual material. The gas is broken down in a gas converter into combustion gas which is cleaned in a subsequent gas washing installation with circulating wash water. Some of the circulating wash water in the gas washing installation is removed in order to limit the concentration of pollutants and is replaced with fresh water. The pyrolysis residue to be removed from the low temperature carbonization drum is discharged through a water bath. At least a part of the fluid removed from the circulating wash water in the gas washing installation is introduced into the water bath.

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

Provided in the present invention is a method for preparing a hydrogen-rich gas by gasification of a solid organic substance and steam, comprising: in a pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the solid organic substance feedstock is heated for a pyrolysis reaction; and, a gaseous product generated by the pyrolysis reaction is subjected to a gasification reaction with steam in a moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus to produce the hydrogen-rich gas. Also provided in the present invention is a system for preparing the hydrogen-rich gas from the solid organic substance, comprising: solid heat carrier multistage dust remover, the pyrolysis reactor apparatus, the moving-bed gasification reactor apparatus, and a riser combustion reactor. The method of the present invention is operated at room pressure, has a simplified process, and is applicable in gasification and co-gasification of highly volatile solid organic substances, including feedstock containing increased levels of water content, minerals ...

METHODS, SYSTEMS, AND DEVICES FOR SYNTHESIS GAS RECAPTURE

Methods, systems, and/or devices for synthesis gas recapture are provided, which may include methods, systems, and/or devices for filtering a synthesis gas stream. In some cases, tars, particulates, water, and/or heat may be removed from the synthesis gas stream through the filtering of the synthesis gas stream. The filtered synthesis gas stream may then be captured and/or utilized in a variety of different ways. Some embodiments utilizing a C-O-H compound to filter a synthesis gas stream. In some embodiments, the C-O-H compound utilized to filter the synthesis gas stream may be utilized to produce additional synthesis gas. The additional synthesis gas may be filtered by additional C-O-H compound.

IMPROVED MOLTEN METAL DECOMPOSITION APPARATUS AND PROCESS

Baffles can form a chimney-effect separating the vapor space near the center of the bath. Flow through the chimney is aided by thermal convection and, optionally, by a differential pressure between the portions of the bath on either side of the baffle-chimney arrangement. Feed is added to the feed zone and oxygen is added to the oxidation zone, emitting H2 from the feed zone and CO from the oxidation zone. Products can be mixed as syngas feed for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Additionally, the Boudouard endothermic reaction (CO2 + C -> 2CO) can be used to control temperatures by injecting CO2 in place of oxygen. A plural zone plant and process for converting a hydrocarbon feed (e.g. coal, automobile tires, hazardous organic wastes, such as polyhalogenated organics, organic polymers, garbage, and other hydrocarbons) to synthesis gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen is disclosed. The feed is contacted with a molten bath, which can comprise iron in an oxygen deficient zone at one pressure ...

A Pressurized Reactor System and a Method of Operating the Same

A method and apparatus are provided for operating a pressurized reactor system (1) in order to precisely control the temperature within a pressure vessel (3) in order to minimize condensation, and to prevent the temperature from reaching a detrimentally high level, while at the same time allowing quick heating during start-up. Gas is circulated from one part of the inside volume to another to control the temperature of the inside volume, for example by passing the gas through an exterior conduit (7) which has a heat exchanger (8), control valve (9), blower (10) and compressor (11) associated therewith, or by causing natural convection flow of circulating gas within one or more generally vertically extending gas passages, containing heat exchangers, flow rate control valves or the like, entirely within the combustion vessel. Preferably, inert gas is provided as circulating gas. The inert gas may also be used in emergency shut-down situations, when reaction gas supply to the reactor is cut off, and inert gas is introduced into the reactor.

ECOLOGICALLY CLEAN METHOD FOR PRODUCING ENERGY FROM COAL

For the production of synthesis gas and high coal integrated drying - gasification process

PROCEDE DE MISE EN CIRCULATION DE PARTICULES SOLIDES A L'INTERIEUR D'UNE CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION ET CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION PERFECTIONNEE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DU PROCEDE

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE DE MISE EN CIRCULATION DE PARTICULES SOLIDES A L'INTERIEUR D'UNE CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION DANS LAQUELLE EST MENAGE UN LIT FLUIDISE CIRCULANT COMPRENANT UNE ZONE INFERIEURE DENSE A A FORTE CONCENTRATION DE PARTICULES SURMONTEE D'UNE ZONE DILUEE B CONTENANT DES PARTICULES ENTRAINEES PAR LE COURANT ASCENDANT DE GAZ VERS LA PARTIE SUPERIEURE DE LA CHAMBRE 1, CELLES-CI DEBOUCHANT DANS UN CIRCUIT 4 D'EVACUATION DES GAZ ET DES PARTICULES COMPORTANT UN DISPOSITIF 41 DE RECUPERATION DES PARTICULES ENTRAINEES RELIE A LA CHAMBRE 1 PAR UN CIRCUIT 45 DE RECYCLAGE DES PARTICULES RECUPEREES. SELON L'INVENTION, ON DETERMINE, DANS LA PARTIE SUPERIEURE 12 DE LA CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION, UNE DIMINUTION DE LA VITESSE DE CIRCULATION DES GAZ AVANT LEUR EVACUATION DE FACON A REALISER AU-DESSUS DE LA ZONE DIULEE B DU LIT FLUIDISE UNE ZONE SUPERIEURE C A PLUS FORTE CONCENTRATION EN PARTICULES DANS LAQUELLE UNE PARTIE 35 DES PARTICULES S'ECHAPPE DU COURANT GAZEUX ET RETOMBE EN PLUIE ...

COAL DISTILLATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS

PROCESS FOR THE GASIFICATION OF SOLID CARBANACEOUS MATERIALS

Gasification of carbonaceous material using nuclear energy - incorporating heating of methane cracking furnace by product gases, maximising efficiency, simplifying construction

An installation for the prodn. of methane or synthesis gas from carbonaceous materials, including a circuit of helium heated in a nuclear plant, incorporates a methane cracking furnace heated by the product gas leaving one of two gasification units. In one unit, part of the carbonaceous material is converted to methane by gasification with hydrogen, while in the other unit conversion is to synthesis gas by gasification with steam. In one embodiment, partic. for the prodn. of synthesis gas, two methane cracking furnaces are heated by the product gases leaving the two gasification units respectively.

Reversible fixed bed-type gasifier for producing combustible synthesis gas to supply e.g. engines, for producing heat, has horizontal chamber equipped with push rod for assuring progression of load on bottom to solid residue discharge wells

The gasifier has a vertical chamber (1) and a horizontal chamber (3) arranged in shape of L, where the vertical chamber receives products to be treated through an upper part via an air lock (2). Drying and pyrolysis operations are performed in the vertical chamber. Combustion operations of a portion of load and gasification operations are performed in the horizontal chamber. The horizontal chamber is equipped with a push rod (4) assuring progression of the load on a bottom (5) to solid residue discharge wells (6).

PROCESS OF TRANSFORMATION CATALYTIC OF COAL INTO GAS COMPONENTS AND OF REFORMING OF THE GAS PRODUCTS OBTAINED

합성 가스 및 고품위 석탄의 동시 생산을 위한 건조 및 가스화 통합 공정

본 발명에 따른 구체예는 수분-함유 저급 석탄으로부터 합성 가스 및 고품위 석탄을 동시에 효율적으로 생산할 수 있는 가스화 방법 및 이를 구현하기 위한 건조 및 가스화 통합 시스템에 관한 것이다. A specific example according to the present invention relates to a gasification method capable of simultaneously producing a syngas and a high-grade coal from water-containing low grade coal, and a drying and gasification integrated system for implementing the method.

WASTES PROCESSING AND RECYCLING METHOD

The inventive wastes processing and recycling method for gasifying a wastes flow (FxE) in overheated steam involves a preliminary pyrolisis stage for delivering pyrolisis gases (103) and carbon-containing solid materials (101, 102) at the output which is followed by a stage (303) for pyrolysis gas steam cracking and a stage for gasifying the carbon-containing solid materials for delivering, at the output, a clean gas (Ge) for storing and recycling. Said gasification stage consists in transferring and injecting the carbon-containing solid materials and the pyrolysis cracked gases to a vertical saturated fluidised bed incinerator (301), said gases being used as fluidisation media in said furnace and the carbon-containing solid materials being mixed with the sand bed thereof. Carbon-containing wastes are air-gasified in an air gasification furnace (306) which supplies a hot sand (308) to the furnace (301).

IMPROVED STEAM REFORMATION SYSTEM

A gasification system and method for converting organic materials into a usable syngas are provided. The gasification system includes a kiln for receiving a feedstock; a means for heating the kiln; a steam reforming reactor; and means for inductively heating the steam reforming reactor to drive the gasification reactions. In one preferred embodiment, the fuel processing system includes a steam reforming reactor that is at least partially filled with thermal transmitters which receive electromagnetic energy and generate heat within the steam reforming reactor. The organic material to be used as feedstock may include but will not be limited to petrochemical streams, refinery streams, natural gas, crude oil, coal, plastics, municipal wastes, toxic and hazardous wastes, biomass, medical wastes, and automobile wastes. The syngas that is produced in this process may consist primarily of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane.

System and method for cooling a solvent for gas treatment

The present embodiments are directed towards the cooling of a solvent of a gas treatment system using a fluid flow from an air separation unit. In one embodiment, a system is provided that includes an air separation unit. The air separation unit has an air inlet configured to receive an air flow, an oxygen outlet configured to output an oxygen flow, a nitrogen outlet configured to output a nitrogen flow and a cooling system configured to cool the air flow to enable separation of the air flow into the oxygen flow and the nitrogen flow, wherein the cooling system is configured to cool a first solvent of a first gas treatment system.

Process for disposing of sewage sludge

A process for disposing of sanitary sewage sludge by producing a pumpable slurry of sewage sludge with or without solid carbonaceous fuel and burning said slurry as fuel in a partial oxidation gas generator, furnace, or boiler. The aqueous slurry of sewage sludge is concentrated by removing water by means of a conventional belt filter press, centrifuge, or hydroclone. The dewatered slurry of sewage sludge is heated by direct contact with steam while air and organic vapors are simultaneously removed, to reduce the pressure in the system; hydrothermally treated in two steps with indirect and direct heat exchange with steam; dewatered by flash evaporation and centrifuging; and burned with or without admixture with solid carbonaceous fuel in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce synthesis gas or a hot raw effluent gas stream. In a preferred embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating ash and slag are separated. By this ...

GASIFICATION PROCESS AND FEED SYSTEM

A process for the gasification of a solid carbonaceous feed, the process comprising the steps of: introducing a batch of the solid carbonaceous feed into a sluice vessel, while an internal pressure in the sluice vessel is at a first pressure; introducing at least recycled CO2 into the sluice vessel via one or more gas inlets covered by the solid carbonaceous feed, to pressurize the sluice vessel from the first pressure to a second pressure exceeding the first pressure, during a predetermined time period; closing the one or more gas inlets; opening a feed outlet of the sluice vessel to supply the batch of the solid carbonaceous feed to a feed vessel for feeding the solid carbonaceous feed to a gasification reactor; closing the feed outlet; venting the sluice vessel to reduce the internal pressure to the first pressure; and repeating the process.

PRODUCTION AND CONDITIONING OF SYNTHESIS GAS OBTAINED FROM BIOMASS

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT

Waste transformation progress

Process for continuously transforming waste achieved by means of plasma torches (2), preferably with transferred arc, which, powered with direct current, operate in a first chamber (3), separated by means of at least one dividing element (7), able to assure a high thermal conductivity, from a second chamber (6) into which the waste is inserted, in such a way that the torches are not directly exposed to the chemical aggression of the gases formed during the destruction of the waste, and of the oxygen and/or air which may be injected (5) or otherwise be present.

Gasification of fossil fuels - using granular medium heated by primary circuit of a gas cooled high temp reactor

Gasification of fossil fuel in which the primary coolant of a high temp. gas cooled reactor is used to heat a granular medium, e.g. sand or ceramic which is then passed down through a gasifier to produce an endothermic reaction with the feed stock of fossile (e.g. brown coal) fuel. The heat transfer medium is routed back to the heat exchanger in a closed cycle via a collection chamber. A valved outlet on the exchanger regulates the rate of flow and allows for CH4 to be drawn off and for a N2 purge to be applied to remove combustibles. The tubes in the exchanger are sized pref. in a length to dia. ratio of 20 to 30 : 1.

ZWAENGUNGSFREIE AUFHAENGUNG VON WAERMETAUSCHERBUENDELN MIT HOHER TEMPERATURBEAUFSCHLAGUNG.

DRUCKREAKTOR AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS ENTERPRISE

SYSTEM TO PRODUCING ELECTRICITY OF MEANS GASIFICATION

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING REDUCING GAS

VERFAHREN ZUM KONTINUIERLICHEN EINBRINGEN EINER MISCHUNG MIT ZU VERGASENDEN KUNSTSTOFFEN UND ZU VERGASENDER FLUESSIGKEIT

Process and apparatus for the production of coal

Es wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kohle (2), insbesondere Aktiv- und/oder Pflanzenkohle, aus, vorzugsweise stückigem, Brennstoff (6) im Gegenstromprinzip gezeigt, bei dem der Brennstoff (6) in einen Pyrolysereaktor (3) eingebracht und zu Kohle (2) direkt pyrolysiert wird, indem dem Pyrolysereaktor (3) ein Heißgas (4.1) aus einer Oxidationskammer (4) zugeführt wird, welches Heißgas (4.1) sich in der Oxidationskammer (4) durch Verbrennung eines Schwelgases (3.1) aus dem Pyrolysereaktor (3) bildet. Um das Anfahren der Pyrolyse im Gegenstromprinzip zu vereinfachen, ohne damit die Qualität der hergestellten Kohle negativ zu beeinflussen, wird vorgeschlagen, dass beim Anfahren des Pyrolysereaktors (3) dessen eingebrachter Brennstoff (6) unter Zufuhr von Frischluft (7) verbrannt wird.

DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF INFLAMMABLE PRODUCT GAS FROM CARBON-CONTAINING MATERIALS USED

PROCEDURE FOR THE LIQUID MANURE TREATMENT

VERFAHREN ZUM KONTINUIERLICHEN EINBRINGEN EINER MISCHUNG MIT ZU VERGASENDEN KUNSTSTOFFEN UND ZU VERGASENDER FLUESSIGKEIT

In a process for charging continuously a mixture containing solids and a liquid to be gasified, the mixture is transferred into the reactor under a pressure above that of a reactor by means of a transfer element which includes at least one screw driven in rotation, the reactor being maintained at a pressure above atmospheric pressure, wherein a particulate plastic, especially thermoplastic, for example polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester or the like are added as a solid to the transfer element, a liquid which has, at a transfer temperature of between 50 and 150 DEG C, especially 70 to 130 DEG C, a relatively high viscosity of at least 300 cSt, especially at least 500 cSt, at the transfer temperature is added in the liquid form as well as, if appropriate, further additives, such as scrap rubber and the like, and these are thoroughly mixed in the transfer element by means of the screw, and the mixture is continuously introduced, as appropriate, via a further ...

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF INFLAMMABLE CONTAMINATION AND WASTE MATERIALS IN CLEAN ENERGY AND USABLE PRODUCTS.

FLUIDIZED BED PLANT.

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE TREATMENT OF A FUEL IN A FLUIDISED BED.

SQUEEZE-FREE SUSPENSION OF WAERMETAUSCHERBUENDELN WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE ADMISSION.

MORE DAMPFREFORMER AND A GAS CELL ABSTENTION INTEGRATED SYSTEM

PROCEDURE FOR CONTINUOUS BRINGING IN OF A MIXTURE ALSO TO GASSING PLASTICS AND GASSING LIQUID

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIS GAS HEAT EXCHANGE SYSTEM

... ²The invention provides an improved process and apparatus, having multiple-flow ²circuits, ²for integrating the heat transfer zones of spiral-wound, plate fin, tube and ²finned tube ²exchangers thus increasing the overall effectiveness of the process.² ...

QUENCH RING AND DIP TUBE ASSEMBLY

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING OIL SOURCE MATERIAL AND OTHER MATERIALS

A method of processing raw oil sands material comprising bitumen, and a tailings mixture. The method includes mixing a predetermined first amount of the raw oil sands material and a predetermined second amount of the tailings mixture to provide a blended feedstock mixture including predetermined respective proportions of the raw oil sands material and the tailings mixture. The blended feedstock mixture is heated in a pre-distillation process and is further heated in a distiller to at least partially vaporize the bitumen, to provide atmospheric gas oil and vacuum gas oil from the bitumen, coked oil sands material comprising carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and sand, and a first barren hot oil sands material. The coked oil sands material is heated in a gasifier. Heat energy from certain products resulting from such heating is transferred to the blended feedstock mixture.

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT

A conductive element suitable for the transmission of an electrical opera ting signal to a detonator, which conductive element comprises a conductive filler homogeneously dispersed in a polymer matrix.

PRODUCTION AND CONDITIONING OF SYNTHESIS GAS OBTAINED FROM BIOMASS

A method of producing and treating synthesis gas in which a biomass-rich material is gasified in a gasifier containing a fluidized bed at a temperatu re that does not exceed 750.degree.C to produce a crude synthesis gas product. The crude synthesis gas then is quenched, scrubbed, and then subjected to at least one adsorption step to provide a clean synthesis gas. The clean synthesis gas then may be reformed catalytically to provide a synthesis gas with a desired H2:CO ratio, and/or may be employed i n the synthesis of desired chemicals.

DEVICE FOR GENERATING COMBUSTIBLE PRODUCT GAS FROM CARBONACEOUS FEEDSTOCKS

A device is provided for generating combustible product gas from carbonaceous feedstocks through allothermal steam gasification in a pressurized gasification vessel. The pressurized allothermal steam gasification of carbonaceous fuels requires that heat be supplied to the gasification chamber at a temperature level of approximately 800-900 °C. In a heat pipe reformer, as is known from EP 1 187 892 B1, combustible gas is generated from the carbonaceous feedstocks to be gasified through allothermal steam gasification in a pressurized fluidized bed gasification chamber. The heat needed for this is fed to the gasifier or reformer from a fluidized bed combustion system through a heat pipe arrangement. Due to the straight and tubular construction of heat pipes, the combustion chamber and reformer/gasification chamber are disposed one above the other in the known heat pipe reformer from EP 1 187 892 B1. The pressure vessel base is under particular stresses due to the high temperatures in the combustion chamber. In addition, the base is weakened by a plurality of heat pipe feedthroughs. The sealing of the feedthroughs also presents a problem. In conventional tubular heat pipes, the line for liquid heat transfer medium and for gaseous heat transfer medium are both disposed in the common tubular shell. The fact that the present invention uses loop heat pipes in which the liquid heat transfer medium is conveyed spatially separated from the gaseous heat transfer medium allows the number of feedthroughs to be reduced to two, namely a liquid line and a vapor line. When a plurality of such loop heat pipes is used, the separate vapor and fluid lines thereof can be combined in the gasification pressure vessel to form a common vapor and liquid line, which then penetrate the gasification pressure vessel. Outside the gasification pressure vessel, the two common lines can then be separated again. This allows the number of feedthroughs from and into the gasification pressure vessel to be ...

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT

A conductive element suitable for the transmission of an electrical operating signal to a detonator, which conductive element comprises a conductive filler homogeneously dispersed in a polymer matrix.

METHOD FOR THE CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF ORGANIC MATERIALS INTO A PRODUCT GAS

... 2137261 9325639 PCTABS00028 A method for converting organic material into a product gas includes: a) providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; b) providing an effective amount of a reduced metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium or mixtures thereof within the pressure reactor; and c) maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and effective amount of reduced metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300 ·C to about 450 ·C and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the effective amount of reduced metal catalyst and the period of time being sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

MULTISTAGE TURBULENT CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED REACTOR

A multistage turbulent circulating fluidized bed thermal reactor comprising a riser, a gas-solids separator and a solids downcomer, said riser being divided into a sequence of stages by a plurality of concentric tapered reductions of the internal horizontal cross-sectional area, and working at gas velocities below nominal transport velocity. Circulation and substantially uniform distribution of solids throughout the riser is achieved due to a staged climbing of solids. Both solids and gases follow multistage CSTR flow regime and a controllable solids content of the reactor can be set up to very high values, free from slugs and large distribution fluctuations, in the form of a plurality of stable beds making it specially suitable for gasification and hazardous waste incineration.

An method for processing ash, and an ash processing plant

在处理灰分的方法中，将飞灰从由燃料气化得到的产品气流中分离，将该飞灰在流化床燃烧中燃烧，以降低灰分的碳含量。随后，处理来自燃烧的烟道气。在第一步，在不高于800℃的温度下将灰分在流化床燃烧(流化床反应器1)中燃烧，以降低碳含量，在第二步，将烟道气在独立的燃烧过程(燃烧室7)中燃烧，燃烧条件达到至少850℃的温度。

METHOD FOR PROCESSING AND RECYCLING OF WASTE

Gasification of carbonaceous material using nuclear energy - incorporating heating of methane cracking furnace by product gases, maximising efficiency, simplifying construction

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING REDUCING GAS

Synthesis gas prodn. using nuclear heat - with carbon di:oxide recycle for conversion to carbon mon:oxide

PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS AND CONDITIONING OBTAINED FROM BIOMASS

ASH AND SOLIDS COOLING IN HIGH TEMPERATURE AND HIGH PRESSURE ENVIRONMENT

Disclosed are cooling and depressurization system equipment, arrangement and methods to cool solid particles from a coal gasifier operating at high temperature and pressure. Ash from the coal needs to be continuously withdrawn from a circulating fluidized bed gasifier to maintain the solids inventory in the gasifier. The system disclosed enables use of conventional materials of construction for heat transfer surfaces. The supports for the cooling surfaces are located on the lower temperature upper section of the primary cooler. The cooled solids along with the fluidizing gas exits the primary cooler to a secondary receiving vessel where the solids can be further cooled by conventional means. The fluidizing and entrained gas entering the secondary vessel is filtered and vented through a vent pressure control valve. The column of cooled solids in the secondary vessel is depressurized by a continuous depressurization system to low pressures which are sufficient for conveying the solids to ...

IMPROVED INDUCTION HEATER

A heating system and method for heating fluids are provided. The heating system includes an enclosure with an inlet and outlet for fluid flow, an induction coil, thermal transmitters placed in the enclosure, and a power source for the induction coil. In one preferred embodiment, the fuel processing system includes a heating system that is at least partially filled with thermal transmitters which receive electromagnetic energy and generate heat within the heating system.

METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS

The present invention deals with a method for producing synthesis gas (S) from solid carbon particles (C), said carbon particles (C) being obtained by pyrolysis, gasification of the carbon particles (C) occurs by indirect heating of the carbon particles (C) in presence of a process gas (P) in the same space where the carbon particles (C) are present, and the synthesis gas (S) generated during the gasification is discharged from said space. The invention also deals with an equipment for producing synthesis gas. The method of the present invention is characterised in that the carbon particles (C) and the process gas (P) are located in a reactor (1), and the indirect heating occurs by means of radiant heat from burners (Brl-Brn) located in the reactor (1).

METHOD FOR IMPROVING GASIFICATION EFFICIENCY THROUGH THE USE OF WASTE HEAT

A method for recycling the waste heat generated from an external process, which is fuelled by syngas, into a gasification process to enhance the energy density of the syngas produced as well as the overall gasification efficiency of the system. A method is provided for utilizing the waste heat contained in a stream exiting in the syngas fueled process to vaporize water and produce steam. The steam is then upgraded by first exchanging energy with the hot syngas exiting the gasifier and then within the gasifier itself to a temperature where significant steam gasification of the biomass occurs. The process within the gasifier is driven by introducing a small amount of air into the gasifier such that some biomass is directly combusted to provide the heat required by the process.

A METHOD OF METAL PARTS RECOVERY FROM WASTE PRODUCTS OR SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS OF ELECTRIC POWER OR ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES

The subject of the invention is a method of recovery of metal parts from waste products or semi-finished products of the electric power and electronic industries, which parts are sealed in thermosetting and/or thermoplastic materials or their combination. The inventive method is characterized by carrying out pyrolysis of the waste material in a pyrolytic reactor and then subjecting the solid post-process residue of the pyrolysis process to the process of gasification followed by the process of burning out in a burnt-out chamber located in the lower part of the pyrolytic reactor or outside it. The final solid residue of the gasification and burn-out processes is removed from the burn-out chamber and mechanically segregated.

Process for purifying pyrolysis gases

A pyrolysis reactor is operated by passing the waste products into a reactor provided with a heating unit; after completion of the pyrolysis passing the gaseous and vaporous products including suspended solids resulting from said pyrolysis into a partial oxidation zone wherein preheated air is added in an amount insufficient for complete combustion but sufficient to cause the exiting gas to have a temperature of at least 1000°, thereby causing decomposition of substantially all hydrocarbons present; then passing the partially oxidized gas through separate heat exchange means in contact, successively, with (1) the purified gas, (2) the air to be fed into the heating unit of the reactor and (3) with the air for said partial oxidation; then subjecting the partial oxidation gas to a purification; introducing air separately to said oxidation zone and heating means of the reactor; and passing the purified gas together with part of said added air into the heating unit of the reactor.

Gasification process and feed system

A process for the gasification of a solid carbonaceous feed, the process comprising the steps of: introducing a batch of the solid carbonaceous feed into a sluice vessel, while an internal pressure in the sluice vessel is at a first pressure; introducing at least recycled CO2 into the sluice vessel via one or more gas inlets covered by the solid carbonaceous feed, to pressurize the sluice vessel from the first pressure to a second pressure exceeding the first pressure, during a predetermined time period; closing the one or more gas inlets; opening a feed outlet of the sluice vessel to supply the batch of the solid carbonaceous feed to a feed vessel for feeding the solid carbonaceous feed to a gasification reactor; closing the feed outlet; venting the sluice vessel to reduce the internal pressure to the first pressure; and repeating the process.

Partial oxidation power system

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ГАЗИФИКАЦИИ БИОМАССЫ ПУТЕМ РЕЦИРКУЛЯЦИИ ДИОКСИДА УГЛЕРОДА БЕЗ КИСЛОРОДА

1. Способ рециркуляции диоксида углерода при газификации биомассы, причем в соответствии с данным способом только диоксид углерода используют в качестве агента газификации для газификации биомассы с получением синтез-газа, а синтез-газ используют для производства нефтепродуктов в отсутствии кислорода, при этом способ включает:1) стадию газификации: использование диоксида углерода в качестве агента газификации, проведение в газификаторе газификации биомассы диоксидом углерода при подводе вспомогательной энергии извне и, тем самым, получение синтез-газа, содержащего СО, СО, СН, Н, НО, НS и COS, при этом агент газификации - диоксид углерода - отбирают на следующих стадиях;2) стадию охлаждения: охлаждение синтез-газа при помощи первичного теплообменника и вторичного теплообменника, установленных последовательно, при этом в первичном теплообменнике в качестве охлаждающей среды используют диоксид углерода, тем самым, диоксид углерода, являющийся агентом газификации на стадии 1), предварительно подогревается, а во вторичном теплообменнике в качестве охлаждающей среды используют воду и, тем самым, получают пар;3) стадию газоочистки: охлажденный на стадии 2) синтез-газ подают в циклонный сепаратор и газоочиститель с целью отделения пыли и очистки;4) реакцию сдвига: осуществление реакции очищенного на стадии 3) синтез-газа с паром так, что часть монооксида углерода синтез-газа превращается в водород и диоксид углерода, и тем самым, изменяется отношение водорода к монооксиду углерода в синтез-газе;5) стадию обессеривания: обессеривание модифицированного синтез-газа с целью удаления из него HS и COS;6) стадию декарбонизации: декарбонизация обессеренного РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2015 108 053 A (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) F01K 17/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: 2015108053, 11.07.2013 (71) Заявитель(и): УХАНЬ КАЙДИ ИНДЖИНИРИНГ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ РИСЕРЧ ИНСТИТЬЮТ КО., ЛТД. (CN) Приоритет(ы): (30) ...

ZWAENGUNGSFREIE AUFHAENGUNG VON WAERMETAUSCHERBUENDELN MIT HOHER TEMPERATURBEAUFSCHLAGUNG

ABHITZEKESSEL ZUR KUEHLUNG VON PARTIALOXIDATIONSROHGAS

VERFAHREN ZUR ALLOTHERMEN KOHLEVERGASUNG UND WIRBELBETT-GASGENERATOR ZUR DURCHFUEHRUNG DES VERFAHRENS

Air separation, iron ore reduction and power generation plant

Air is compressed in a compressor 32 and a first stream of the compressed air is separated in a plant 34 into oxygen and nitogren. A stream of the oxygen is reacted in a gasifier 22 with coal to form a reducing gas. The reducing gas is reacted with iron ore in a shaft furnace 24 to form molten iron and a residual fuel gas. The residual fuel gas is compressed in a compressor 40 and is combusted in a chamber 52. A second stream of the compressed air is used to support this combustion. The resulting combustion gases are expanded in a turbine 54 and useful work is recovered therefrom. A stream of nitrogen from the air separation plant 34 is heated in a heat exchanger 60 and expanded with the combustion gases in the turbine 54 or separately in a further turbine. The work recovered from the turbine (5) exceeds that expended in compressing the air. ...

System for gasifying coal and reforming gaseous products thereof

An improved, energy efficient process is disclosed for the catalytic hydrogasification of coal with steam and hydrogen at moderate temperature levels, and the steam reforming of gaseous products therefrom comprising methane with a non-coal heat source especially including high temperature gas cooled nuclear fission reactors to increase energy value and yield of gaseous products. The carbon monoxide produced throughout the process can be shift converted with steam to increase the amount of hydrogen gas product, and said hydrogen can be used to improve the efficiency of the coal gasification step. ...

DIRECT CURRENT PIT REACTOR

IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE VERGOSEN OF FUEL AND EQUIVALENT VERGOSUNGSVORRICHTUNG

METHOD FOR THE CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF ORGANIC MATERIALS INTO A PRODUCT GAS

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR PROCESSING BIOLOGICAL RESIDUAL SUBSTANCES, IN PARTICULAR SEWAGE SLUDGE

METHOD AND DEVICE TO GASES OF CELEBRATIONS FUELS, CONTAINING FUSIBLE ONE NON INFLAMMABLE SUBJECTS.

PROCEDURE FOR THE DRYING PROCESS OF COAL FOR EINSCHMELZBZW. COAL CARBURETOR.

COMBINED GASUND STEAM TURBINE PROCESS WITH INTEGRATED COAL GASIFICATION AND PREHEATING OF NITROGEN AND/OR OXYGEN FROM A LIQUID AIR SEPARATION PLANT

VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUM HERSTELLEN VON REDUZIERENDEM GAS

Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur physikalischen und thermo-chemischen Behandlung von Biomasse (5) bei dem der Biomasse (5) in einer Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) deren Feuchtigkeitsgehalt reduziert und weiters beim Trocknungsvorgang aus der Biomasse (5) Ammoniak (NH3) freigesetzt wird. Die getrocknete Biomasse (5) wird nachfolgend in einem Pyrolyse-Reaktor (2) pyrolysiert und das Pyrolysegas an eine Brennvorrichtung (3) weitergeleitet und in dieser zu Rauchgas verbrannt, welches einer Zumischvorrichtung (9) zugeleitet wird. Dem Rauchgas wird in der Zumischvorrichtung (9) Sauerstoff (O2) zudosiert und als Trocknungsgas der Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) direkt zugeleitet. Beim Hindurchleiten des Trocknungsgases durch die Trocknungsvorrichtung (4) reagiert das im Trocknungsgas enthaltene Schwefeldioxid (SO2) und/oder das Schwefeltrioxid (SO3) mit dem Ammoniak (NH3) chemisch zu Ammoniumsulfit ((NH4)2SO3) und/oder Ammoniumsulfat ((NH4)2SO4).

A METHOD OF METAL PARTS RECOVERY FROM WASTE PRODUCTS OR SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS OF ELECTRIC POWER OR ELECTRONIC INDUSTRIES

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and appratus therefor

REACTOR AND PROCESS FOR GASIFYING AND/OR MELTING OF FEED MATERIALS

A reactor enables gasification or melting of waste and additional feed materials. The reactor includes a co-current section with a plenum section and a feed section with a sluice. Feed materials are introduced into the reactor. The reactor further includes a buffer section and a pre-treatment section, which adjoins a bottom of the buffer section to create a cross-sectional enlargement. An intermediate section adjoins the pre-treatment section. An upper oxidation section adjoins a bottom of the intermediate section and includes tuyeres in at least one level. An upper reduction section adjoins a bottom of the upper oxidation section. The reactor further includes a gas outlet section. The reactor further includes a countercurrent section having a conical lower reduction section and a conical lower oxidation section adjoining the conical lower reduction section having at least one tuyere and at least one tapping. 1100. Reactor () for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials , the reactor comprising{'b': '110', 'claim-text': [{'b': '111', 'claim-text': [{'b': 112', '100, 'a feed section with a sluice () through which the feed materials are introduced into the reactor () from above,'}, {'b': 113', '112, 'a buffer section () located below the feed section (),'}, {'b': 114', '113', '140, 'a pre-treatment section () that is located below the bottom of the buffer section () and which has a cross-sectional enlargement in the upper area and a narrowing cross-section in the bottom area so that a discharge cone () of the feed material can form,'}, {'b': 119', '114', '114, 'at least one gas supply means () which open in the pre-treatment section () in the region of the cross-sectional enlargement of the pre-treatment section () and through which hot gases can be fed to the discharge cone, and'}, {'b': 115', '114, 'an intermediate section () that is located below the bottom of the pre-treatment section (),'}], 'a plenum section () comprising'}, {'b': 116', '115', '116', '117', ' ...

Reactor and Process for Gasifying and/or Melting of Feed Materials

This invention relates to a method and a reactor for gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock material. The method includes the steps of choke-feeding a carbonaceous feedstock material into a pyrolysis zone of the reactor to form a discharge bed; heating the discharge bed to initiate pyrolysis of the feedstock material to form a pyrolysis product; providing a lower lying upper oxidation zone; gasifying the pyrolysis product to form a bed of char; converting thermal energy into chemical energy in an upper reduction zone; providing a lower lying lower oxidation zone; collecting any metal slag and/or slag melts in the lower oxidation zone; and discharging hot reducing gases having a temperature of at least 1300° C. and a CO/CO 2 ratio of ≥5, more preferably ≥15.

BIOSOLID TREATMENT PROCESS AND SYSTEM

A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce thermal energy for self-consumption for the production of beneficial use products including low carbon ash, high carbon activated biochar, and Class A biosolids. The system includes a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer; a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, where the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying the speed of variable feed conveyors and a variable feed mixer; and a gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into two of the beneficial use products. 1. A biosolids treatment system that treats human biosolids to produce beneficial use products including low carbon ash , high carbon activated biochar , and Class A biosolids , the system comprising:a variable feed conveyor that conveys a biosolid feed into a dryer;a dryer that dries the biosolid feed to a predetermined moisture content to create one of a beneficial use products, wherein the predetermined moisture content is controlled by varying a speed of the variable feed conveyor; anda gasifier that converts the biosolid feed into usable thermal energy for system use and at least one of the beneficial use products.2. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the dryer creates low carbon ash and the gasifier creates high carbon activated biochar and Class A biosolids.3. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a blended air intake to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer.4. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the treatment system includes a fan to recirculate moist dryer exhaust to temper flue gas entering a dryer claim 1 , wherein the blended air controls a target temperature in the dryer and reduces NOx emissions.5. The biosolids treatment system of claim 1 , wherein the system is ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING OIL SANDS AND OTHER MATERIALS WITH LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

A method of processing a first material including an oil source, and a second material including a medium. The method includes mixing the first material and the second material to provide a blended feedstock mixture including predetermined respective proportions of the first material and the second material, and also including water. The blended feedstock mixture is heated in a pre-distillation process and is further heated in a distiller to at least partially crack and vaporize the oil source, to provide atmospheric gas oil and vacuum gas oil from the oil source, coked medium material including carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and sand, and a first barren hot medium material. The coked medium material is heated in a gasifier to provide a second barren hot medium material and syngas. Heat energy from certain products resulting from such heating is transferred to the blended feedstock mixture. 1. A method of processing a first material comprising an oil source and a second material comprising a medium , the method comprising:(a) mixing the first material and the second material to provide a blended feedstock mixture comprising predetermined respective proportions of the first material and the second material, the blended feedstock mixture comprising water;(b) in a pre-distillation process, heating the blended feedstock mixture to between approximately 100° C. and approximately 150° C., to produce steam from the water and to vaporize light hydrocarbons from the oil source;(c) in a distillation process, further heating the blended feedstock mixture to between approximately 535° C. and approximately 600° C. to at least partially crack and vaporize the oil source, to provide (i) atmospheric gas oil and (ii) vacuum gas oil from the oil source, (iii) a coked medium material comprising carbon-heavy hydrocarbons and the medium, and (iv) a first barren hot medium material;(d) heating the coked medium material to between approximately 700° C. and approximately 800° C.;(e) in a ...

PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR DUPLEX ROTARY REFORMER

Methods apparatus for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste. Various embodiments include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas. 1. A method for calcination of organic material , comprising:providing a kiln having two opposing ends with a waste entrance and a syngas exit at one end and a steam reformer at the other end, and including an internal helical spiral flight rotatable relative to the kiln;conveying a feedstock of organic material from the entrance toward the steam reformer by rotation of the kiln relative to the spiral flight;heating the conveyed organic material by the steam reformer to form hot syngas; andheating the spiral flight by flowing the hot syngas from the other end toward the syngas exit.2. The method of which further comprises inertially separating particulates entrained within the heated organic material by the relative rotation.3. The method of wherein the steam reformer is electrically heated.4. The method of which further comprises grinding inorganic material within the feedstock and removing the ground material from a second exit of the kiln.5. The method of which further comprises preventing the inflow of air into the kiln through the second exit.6. The method of wherein said conveying is by rotating the spiral flight and holding fixed the one end and the other end.7. The method of wherein the spiral flight and a portion of the kiln combine to create an internal gas passage claim 1 , and said heating the spiral flight is by flowing the hot syngas within the internal gas passage.8. An apparatus for calcination of organic material claim 1 , comprising:a kiln including first and second stationary ends and a rotating midsection between the two ends, the first end including an entrance for organic material and an exit for ...

INTEGRATED DRYING AND GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING SYNTHETIC GAS AND HIGH RANK COAL

The present invention Mates to a gasification process for efficiently co-producing synthesis gas and high-grade coal from water-containing coal, and to an integrated drying and gasification system for realizing the same. 121-. (canceled)22. An integrated drying and gasification system , comprising:a gasifier;a dryer disposed in front of the gasifier to dry low-quality water-containing coal in contact with synthesis gas recycled from the gasifier and then discharge dried coal and synthesis gas;a solid-gas separator for separating the dried coal and synthesis gas discharged from the dryer;a recovery unit for separating and recovering a part of the dried coal separated by the solid-gas separator; anda loop seal type transfer unit transferring target amounts of the separated dried coal to the gasifier in a fluidic state and including a plurality of aeration gas inlets,wherein the synthesis gas discharged from the gasifier is directly recycled to the dryer without passing through a heat exchanger, and the dryer provides a drying capacity necessary for producing the dried coal separated and recovered from the low-quality water-containing coal and the dried coal transferred to the gasification step.23. The integrated drying and gasification system of claim 22 , further comprising a recovery unit for separating and recovering tar included in the synthesis gas separated by the solid-gas separator.24. The integrated drying and gasification system of claim 22 , wherein the recovery unit for recovering the dried coal is a drain hopper or a continuous depressurization drain unit.25. The integrated drying and gasification system of claim 22 , wherein the content of water in the low-quality water-containing coal is 10 to 70 wt %.26. The integrated drying and gasification system of claim 22 , wherein the dried coal has a water content of 10 wt % or less.27. The integrated drying and gasification system of claim 22 , wherein the dryer is a pneumatic or flash dryer claim 22 , a ...

METHOD AND FACILITY FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY FROM AN SRF LOAD

A method and a facility for producing electricity, wherein the following steps are performed: a) supplying a solid recovered fuel, b) producing a raw synthesis gas from the solid recovered fuel, c) purifying the raw synthesis gas in order to generate a synthesis gas in which the reduced concentration of tars determines a dew point of the tars less than or equal to 20° C., d) cleaning the synthesis gas purified in this way in order to obtain a clean synthetic gas, e) lowering the relative humidity of the clean synthesis gas, and f) injecting at least a portion thereof into a gas engine in order to produce electricity. 1. A process for producing electricity , comprising the following successive steps:a) providing a solid recovered fuel;b) producing a raw synthesis gas from the solid recovered fuel;c) purifying said raw synthesis gas to generate a synthesis gas whose reduced concentration of tars determines a dew point of said tars of less than or equal to 20° C., said purification step comprising the injection of said raw synthesis gas into a mixing zone, in which said raw synthesis gas encounters and is mixed with at least one plasma jet and/or at least one oxidant stream, and initiation of a reaction between said synthesis gas and said at least one plasma jet and/or said at least one oxidant stream in a reaction zone placed downstream of said mixing zone to thermally crack the tars, the temperature of the synthesis gas at the outlet of said reaction zone being greater than or equal to 1100° C.;d) cleaning said synthesis gas thus purified to obtain a clean synthesis gas;e) lowering the relative degree of humidity of the clean synthesis gas;f) injecting at least a portion thereof into at least one gas engine to produce electricity.2. The process as claimed in claim 1 , wherein after step c) and before step d) claim 1 , the purified synthesis gas is cooled in a water-fed heat-recovery boiler which performs the heating of said water by recovering the heat from said ...

METHOD FOR PREPARING HYDROGEN-RICH GAS BY GASIFICATION OF SOLID ORGANIC SUBSTANCE AND STEAM

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics. For example, solid organic raw materials are heated in a pyrolysis reaction device to perform pyrolysis reaction, and gaseous product generated from the pyrolysis reaction performs gasification with steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich product. The present disclosure also provides a system for preparing hydrogen-rich gas by solid organics, and the system may include a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device; a pyrolysis reaction device; a moving bed gasification reaction device; and a riser and combustion reactor. The present disclosure may operate at atmospheric pressure, and the technology is simple and suitable for the gasification and co-gasification of various high-volatile solid organics, such as raw materials containing a relatively large amount of moisture, mineral substance, and sulfur content. 1. A method for preparing hydrogen-rich gas from solid organics , the method comprising:heating solid organic raw materials in a pyrolysis reaction device for pyrolytic formation of a gaseous product and steam; andperforming gasification of the gaseous product and steam in a moving bed gasification reaction device to generate hydrogen-rich gas, in which the gaseous product is generated from pyrolysis;wherein the pyrolysis reaction device is in parallel with the moving bed gasification reaction device, wherein, by passing through a solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device, the solid heat carrier is divided into two parts that are fed into the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, respectively, wherein, when leaving the pyrolysis reaction device and moving bed gasification reaction device, the two parts of solid heat carrier are fed into a riser and combustion reactor to be heated and raised, and are then passed into the solid heat carrier grading-dedusting device to be further divided into two parts ...

Systems and methods for slurry preheating

A system includes a heat exchanger including a first channel having a syngas flow path and a second channel having a slurry flow path. The heat exchanger, when in operation, causes a heat transfer from a syngas along the syngas flow path to a slurry along the slurry flow path. The heat transfer causes heating of the slurry from a first slurry temperature to a second slurry temperature and causes cooling of the syngas from a first syngas temperature to a second syngas temperature.

System and method for recovering inert feedstock contaminants from municipal solid waste during gasification

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Pyrolysis Reactor System and Method

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber. 1. A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock comprising:a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed; and an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor, the second flow path intersecting the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid, the eductor body having a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor; and', 'a mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitate mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber., 'an eductor condenser unit in fluid ...

INTEGRATED DRYING AND GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR SIMULTANEOUSLY PRODUCING SYNTHETIC GAS AND HIGH RANK COAL

The present invention relates to a gasification process for efficiently co-producing synthesis gas and high-grade coal from water-containing coal, and to an integrated drying and gasification system for realizing the same. 1. A gasification method of co-producing synthesis gas and high-quality coal , comprising the steps of:a) supplying water-containing coal to a dryer;b) drying the water-containing coal in the dryer, in which thermal energy necessary for drying the water-containing coal is supplied in contact with synthesis gas recycled to the dryer from a gasification step;c) separating dried coal and synthesis gas discharged from the dryer using solid-gas separation and then recovering the separated synthesis gas;d) recovering a part of the separated dried coal and simultaneously transferring the residual separated dried coal to a gasifier in a fluidic state using a loop seal type transfer means to which aeration gas is supplied by a plurality of ports;e) gasifying the transferred dried coal in the gasifier to prepare synthesis gas; andf) directly recycling the synthesis gas of 400 to 1500□ discharged from the gasifier without passing the synthesis gas through a heat exchanger(s),wherein the dryer provides a drying capacity necessary for producing the dried coal separated and recovered from the water-containing coal and the dried coal transferred to the gasification step.2. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the content of water in the water-containing coal is 10 to 70 wt %.3. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the dried coal has a water content of 10 wt % or less.4. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the water-containing coal is pulverized to a particle size of 50 to 6000 μm and then introduced into the dryer claim 1 , before the step a).5. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the content of carbon in the water-containing coal is at least 20 wt %.6. The gasification method of claim 1 , wherein the dryer is a pneumatic or ...

SYSTEM FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE AND GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL POWER WITH A FUEL CELL

A system and method of producing syngas from a solid waste stream is provided. The system includes a low tar gasification generator that gasifies the solid waste stream to produce a first gas stream. A process module cools the first gas stream and removes contaminants, such as metals, sulfur and carbon dioxide from the first gas stream to produce a second gas stream having hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The second gas stream is received by pressure swing absorber which removes carbon monoxide and increases the purity of the hydrogen to allow the generation of electrical power by a PEM fuel cell in a power module. A water gas shift process may be used to convert carbon monoxide recovered from a retentate stream exhausted by the pressure swing absorber. 1. A system for converting solid waste material to energy comprising:an input module having a low tar gasification generator configured to produce a first gas stream in response to an input stream of solid waste material, the first gas stream including hydrogen;a process module fluidly coupled to receive the first gas stream, the process module including a first heat exchanger operable to cool the first gas stream, the process module further including at least one clean-up process module fluidly coupled to the first heat exchanger to receive the cooled first gas stream, the at least one clean-up process module configured to remove at least one contaminant from the first gas stream and produce a second gas stream containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the process module further including a pressure swing absorption (PSA) device that receives the second gas stream and produces a retentate stream and a third gas stream comprised of substantially hydrogen; anda polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell configured to receive the third gas stream and generate electrical power based, at least in part, from the hydrogen in the third gas stream.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the process module further includes a water-gas- ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BIOMASS GRINDING AND FEEDING

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven bio-refinery that may include a entrained-flow biomass feed system that is feedstock flexible via particle size control of the biomass. Some embodiments include a chemical reactor that receives concentrated solar thermal energy from an array of heliostats. The entrained-flow biomass feed system can use an entrainment carrier gas and supplies a variety of biomass sources fed as particles into the solar-driven chemical reactor. Biomass sources in a raw state or partially torrified state may be used, as long as parameters such as particle size of the biomass are controlled. Additionally, concentrated solar thermal energy can drive gasification of the particles. An on-site fuel synthesis reactor may receive the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction use the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products in a hydrocarbon fuel synthesis process to create a liquid hydrocarbon fuel. 124-. (canceled)25. A bio-refinery to generate fuel product with an entrained-flow biomass feed system , comprising:a boiler to produce steam and to supply steam to a steam input;a chemical reactor having the steam input and one or more reactor tubes, where in the chemical reactor biomass i) in particle form, ii) in non-particle form, or iii) both, is configured to be gasified in a presence of steam from the steam input and to generate at least hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction;the entrained-flow biomass feed system having two or more feed lines to supply the biomass into the chemical reactor, where a gas source for a pressurized entrainment carrier gas is coupled to the entrained-flow biomass feed system;a heat drying unit to apply heat to the biomass in order to provide dried biomass to enter the entrained-flow biomass feed system, in which the two or more feed lines to supply the biomass; anda fuel synthesis reactor of the bio-refinery that is geographically located on a same site as the ...

Pyrolysis Reactor System and Method

A system and method for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor having a pyrolysis conduit and a solids return conduit segment. Each segment is configured with an outlet and an inlet to receive and discharge solid materials that are circulated through the reactor through the different segments. A solids conveyor is disposed within the pyrolysis conduit segment to facilitate conveying solid materials from the solids inlet upward through the pyrolysis conduit segment toward the solids discharge outlet. A pyrolysis feedstock is introduced into the pyrolysis reactor and at least a portion of the feedstock is converted to pyrolysis gases within the pyrolysis conduit segment, which are discharged through a gas outlet.

Processes for Making Syngas-Derived Products

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Method and device for gasification of biomass by recycling carbon dioxide without oxygen

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemical industry. Method involves gasification stage (1), where carbon dioxide is used as a gasification agent. Obtained synthesis gas is cooled by means of primary heat exchanger (2) and secondary heat exchanger installed in series. In primary heat exchanger (2) coolant used is carbon dioxide which is pre-heated, and in secondary heat exchanger coolant used is water to obtain steam. Cooled synthesis gas is fed into cyclone separator (4) and gas cleaner (5). Purified synthesis gas reacts with steam so that part of carbon monoxide is converted into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. That is followed by desulphurisation (8) of modified synthesis gas and decarbonisation (9). Further, synthesis gas is fed into synthesis column (10), where by catalytic reaction it is converted in oil products, and exhaust gas contains carbon dioxide. Method includes decarbonisation (11) of exhaust gas and obtained carbon dioxide is recycled by feeding into primary heat exchanger (2) as coolant and subsequent supply for gasification (1) as a gasification agent. EFFECT: invention enables to achieve a zero emission of carbon dioxide of system as a whole. 13 cl, 3 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) (13) 2 604 624 C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) F01K 17/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2015108053/05, 11.07.2013 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.07.2013 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.10.2016 Бюл. № 28 (45) Опубликовано: 10.12.2016 Бюл. № 34 (73) Патентообладатель(и): УХАНЬ КАЙДИ ИНДЖИНИРИНГ ТЕКНОЛОДЖИ РИСЕРЧ ИНСТИТЬЮТ КО., ЛТД. (CN) (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 10.03.2015 2 6 0 4 6 2 4 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 5937652 A, 17.08.1999. RU 2439432 C2, 10.01.2012. ЕА 200970784 А1, 26.02.2010. US 20100324156 A1, 23.12.2010. PRABIR, P., ...

Экологически чистый способ получения энергии из угля (варианты)

Изобретение относится к способам получения энергии из угля. Экологически чистый способ получения энергии из угля заключается в том, что уголь загружают в герметичную реакционную камеру с загрузочным и разгрузочным концами, уголь перемещают внутри реакционной камеры к загрузочному концу. В реакционную камеру инжектируют по существу чистый кислород, предназначенный для сжигания порции угля под давлением в восстановительной атмосфере с получением тепловой энергии, необходимой для извлечения из угля летучих веществ, и обогащенного водородом неочищенного сжатого газа, содержащего выделенные из угля канцерогенные дистилляты и углеводороды вместе с горячим полукоксом. Содержащиеся в обогащенном водородом неочищенном газе выделенные из угля канцерогенные дистилляты и углеводороды подвергают крекингу с получением обогащенного водородом крекинг-газа, из которого после десульфуризации получают очищенный обогащенный водородом синтез-газ. Горячий полукокс направляют в герметичный газификатор, где его газифицируют окислителем с получением второго неочищенного газа и расплавленного шлака. Из газификатора выводят второй неочищенный газ вместе с расплавленным шлаком через общий патрубок, открытый для свободного прохода второго неочищенного газа и расплавленного шлака. Второй неочищенный газ отделяют от расплавленного шлака после их выхода из газификатора через общий патрубок и направляют его в систему очистки с получением очищенного второго газа и расплавленный шлак быстро охлаждают с получением из него бесщелочного твердого вещества. Описано также еще два варианта получения энергии из угля. Изобретение позволяет получать газ, образующий при сжигании очень небольшое количество оксидов азота NOx, но со значительным количеством водорода, а также получать углерод, который можно использовать в качестве кокса или активированного угля. 3 н. и 37 з.п. ф-лы. 3 табл., 7 ил. ÐÎÑÑÈÉÑÊÀß ÔÅÄÅÐÀÖÈß RU (19) (11) 2 287 010 (13) C2 (51) ÌÏÊ C10J 3/08 (2006.01) ÔÅÄÅÐÀËÜÍÀß ÑËÓÆÁÀ ÏÎ ÈÍÒÅËËÅÊÒÓÀËÜÍÎÉ ...

System and method for cooling a solvent for gas treatment

본 발명의 실시양태들은 공기 분리 유니트(12)로부터의 유체 유동(30, 32)을 사용하는 기체 처리 시스템(14)의 용매(15, 86, 222, 314)의 냉각에 관한 것이다. 한 실시양태에서, 공기 분리 유니트(12)를 포함하는 시스템(10)이 제공된다. 공기 분리 유니트(12)는 공기 유동(18)을 수용하도록 구성된 공기 입구(22), 산소 유동(152, 226, 352, 354)을 유출하도록 구성된 산소 출구(30), 질소 유동(150, 226, 318, 324)을 유출하도록 구성된 질소 출구(32), 및 공기 유동(18)을 냉각시켜 상기 공기 유동(18)이 산소 유동(30)과 질소 유동(32)으로 분리될 수 있도록 구성된 냉각 시스템(24, 210, 280, 340)을 갖되, 상기 냉각 시스템(24, 210, 280, 340)은 제1 기체 처리 시스템(14)의 제1 용매(15, 86, 222, 314)를 냉각시키도록 구성된다. Embodiments of the present invention relate to cooling of solvents 15, 86, 222, 314 of gas treatment system 14 using fluid flows 30, 32 from air separation unit 12. In one embodiment, a system 10 is provided that includes an air separation unit 12. The air separation unit 12 includes an air inlet 22 configured to receive an air flow 18, an oxygen outlet 30 configured to exit an oxygen flow 152, 226, 352, 354, a nitrogen flow 150, 226, A nitrogen outlet 32 configured to exit 318, 324, and a cooling system configured to cool the air flow 18 such that the air flow 18 can be separated into an oxygen flow 30 and a nitrogen flow 32. 24, 210, 280, 340, wherein the cooling system 24, 210, 280, 340 is configured to cool the first solvent 15, 86, 222, 314 of the first gas treatment system 14. do.

Method For Producing Clean Energy From Coal

본 발명은 가압된 수소 농후 미가공 가스와 고온 분체 연료를 산출하도록 석탄의 일부를 연소시키기 위해 산소를 주입하면서 대기와 밀봉된 반응기(10) 내에 석탄을 공급하고 반응기(10) 내의 석탄을 이동시킴으로써 석탄으로부터 청정 에너지를 생산하기 위한 방법에 관한 것이다. 상기 수소 농후 가스는 증류 물질과 탄화수소를 제거하기 위해 열분해 컴파트먼트(21)에서 열분해되고 합성 가스를 생산하기 위해 탈황된다. 고온 분체 연료는 공통 포트(23)를 통해 가스화기 외부로 공동으로 지향되는 연료 가스와 용융 슬래그를 생산하기 위해 공기 송풍 가스화기(11)에서 가스화된다. 분리된 후에 연료 가스는 연소시에 매우 낮은 NO X 방출을 갖는 가스를 생산하기 위해 탈황된다. The present invention provides coal by supplying coal into the atmosphere and sealed reactor 10 and moving coal in reactor 10 while injecting oxygen to burn a portion of coal to produce pressurized hydrogen rich crude gas and hot powder fuel. From a method for producing clean energy from the wastewater. The hydrogen rich gas is pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis compartment 21 to remove distillate and hydrocarbons and desulfurized to produce syngas. The hot powdered fuel is gasified in the air blow gasifier 11 to produce molten slag and fuel gas that is commonly directed out of the gasifier through a common port 23. After separation, the fuel gas is desulfurized to produce a gas with very low NO x emissions upon combustion.

Method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing synthesis gas (S) from solid carbon particles (C), wherein said carbon particles (C) are obtained by pyrolysis; gasification of the carbon particles (C) is carried out by indirectly heating the carbon particles (C) in the presence of a process gas (P) in the same reactor space as the carbon particles (C), wherein the indirect heating is carried out using thermal radiation from burners (Br1-Brn) situated in the reactor (1), and synthesis gas (S) formed during gasification is released from said space. The apparatus has a reactor, at least one burner (Br1-Brn) situated inside the reactor, apparatus for feeding carbon particles and process gas into the inner space of the reactor and a means of releasing the formed synthesis gas (S), wherein at least one burner (Br1-Brn) is capable of burning inside a radiant heating pipe and providing thermal radiation therefrom for indirectly heating the carbon particles (C) and the process gas (P) inside the reactor. EFFECT: high thermal efficiency of the gasification reactor. 7 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 509 052 (13) C2 (51) МПК C01B 3/02 (2006.01) C10J 3/08 (2006.01) C10J 3/20 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2010152436/02, 11.06.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 11.06.2009 (73) Патентообладатель(и): Кортус АБ (SE) R U Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 11.06.2008 SE 0801364-1 (72) Автор(ы): ЛЮНГГРЕН Рольф (SE) (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.07.2012 Бюл. № 20 2 5 0 9 0 5 2 (45) Опубликовано: 10.03.2014 Бюл. № 7 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 4799356 A, 24.01.1989. US 4497637 A, 05.02.1985. US 6960234 B2, 01.11.2005. US 4069024 A, 17.01.1978. RU 2282655 C1, 27.08.2006. RU 2293108 C1, 10.02.2007. 2 5 0 9 0 5 2 R U (86) Заявка PCT: SE 2009/000297 (11.06.2009) C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала ...

Integrated biofuel production system

According to an embodiment, a biomass conversion subsystem produces methane and/or alcohol and residual biomass. A pyrolysis or a gasification subsystem is used to produce thermal energy and/or process gasses. The thermal energy may be stored thermal energy in the form of a pyrolysis oil. A fuel conversion subsystem produces liquid hydrocarbon fuels from the methane and/or alcohol using thermal energy and/or process gasses produced by the gasification or pyrolysis subsystem. Because the biomass production system integrates the residual products from biomass conversion and the residual thermal energy from pyrolysis or gasification, the overall efficiency of the integrated biomass production system is greatly enhanced.

System integration of a steam reformer and fuel cell

A novel process and apparatus for power generation from biomass and other carbonaceous feedstocks are provided. The process integrates a pulse combustor steam reformer with a fuel cell to generate electricity such that (i) efficiencies are higher than those of conventional and emerging advanced power systems, and (ii) emissions are lower than those proposed by the new environmental regulations, i.e. one-tenth of the New Source Performance Standards. The pulse combustor steam reformer generates a hydrogen-rich, medium-Btu fuel gas that is electrochemically oxidized in the fuel cell to generate electricity. The apparatus may be configured to produce only power or combined heat and power.

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR PRODUCING SYNTHESIS GAS

1. Способ получения синтез-газа (S) из твердых частиц (С) углерода; причем указанные частицы (С) углерода получают посредством пиролиза; газификация частиц (С) углерода происходит в результате непрямого нагрева частиц (С) углерода в присутствии технологического газа (Р) в том же самом пространстве, где находятся частицы (С) углерода, а синтез-газ (S), образовавшийся во время газификации, выпускают из указанного пространства; отличающийся тем, что частицы (С) углерода и технологический газ (Р) находятся в реакторе (1), и тем, что непрямой нагрев осуществляют с помощью теплового излучения от горелок (Br1-Вrn), расположенных в реакторе (1). ! 2. Способ по п.1, отличающийся тем, что горение внутри горелок (Br1-Вrn) отделено от потока газификации. ! 3. Способ по любому из пп.1-2, отличающийся тем, что используют теплообмен для нагрева технологического газа (Р) синтез-газом (S), образовавшимся во время газификации; причем нагрев проводят перед тем, как технологический газ (Р) принимает участие в газификации. ! 4. Установка для осуществления способа получения синтез-газа (S), включающая реактор (1), отличающаяся тем, что по меньшей мере одна горелка (Br1-Вrn) расположена внутри реактора (1); установка включает устройства для подачи частиц (С) углерода и технологического газа (Р) во внутреннее пространство реактора (1) и установка включает средство выпуска образующегося синтез-газа (S). ! 5. Установка по п.4, отличающаяся тем, что горелки (Вr1-Вrn) оборудованы средствами подачи топлива во внутреннее пространство горелок (Br1-Вrn), и средства подачи топлива расположены снаружи реактора (1). ! 6. Установка по п.5, отличающаяся тем, что теплообменник (3) расположен вблизи ср� РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2010 152 436 (13) A (51) МПК C01B 3/02 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ЗАЯВКА НА ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЕ (71) Заявитель(и): Кортус АБ (SE) (21)(22) Заявка: 2010152436/05, 11.06.2009 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: 11.06.2008 SE 0801364. ...

Anaerobic gasification method and device for biomass fuels by carbon dioxide circulation

本发明公开了一种生物质燃料二氧化碳循环无氧气化方法及设备，具体来说是一种仅利用二氧化碳作为气化剂将生物质等固体燃料气化成高品质合成气，且回收合成气自身二氧化碳气体及合成气后续利用工艺中生成的二氧化碳气体进行气化循环的整体工艺方法及设备，达到整套系统温室气体二氧化碳排放量为零的目的。该发明具有无氧耗，制取合成气品质高，冷媒气效率高，系统操作简单，且整套系统温室气体二氧化碳排放量为零等显著优点。

Method and apparatus for treating wastes by gasification

一种处理废物的方法及装置，该方法及装置通过两段气化法回收废物中的金属或灰分和气体，并且得到的金属或灰分处于可重新利用状态，且气体含有一氧化碳(CO)和氢气(H 2 )，可用作氨(NH 3 )合成气或生产氢气。在低温下，在流化床反应器(3)中使废物气化。然后在流化床反应器(3)中产生的气体原料和木炭进入高温燃烧器(17)，并在高温下气化，灰分转化成熔渣。在水洗及CO变换反应完成后，气体被分离成H 2 和剩余气体。然后剩余气体作为流化气体供给流化庆反应器(3)。

Energy efficient gasification based multi generation apparatus employing advanced process schemes and related methods

本发明提供了基于气化的高能效多联产装置、设施或系统，以及改变现有的基于气化的多联产装置和各种常规的热偶联布置的方法。示例性的基于气化的多联产装置包括：气化系统，其被构造为由碳基原料产生粗合成气进料；以及酸性气体去除系统，其被构造为去除来自粗合成气进料的酸性杂质，从而提供经处理的合成气进料。气化系统包括气化反应器、合成气流体冷却器反应器和烟气去除单元，以及气化系统能量管理系统，该烟气去除单元包括烟气骤冷塔、烟气分离器、烟气过滤器、烟气洗涤塔，该气化系统能量管理系统具有一组常规的热交换器单元和一组增加的热交换器单元以提高能量效率。酸性气体去除系统包括反应器、酸性气体杂质吸收塔、溶剂再生塔和酸性气体去除系统能量管理系统，该酸性气体去除系统能量管理系统具有一组常规的热交换器单元和一组增加的热交换器单元以提高能量效率。

Method for using coal cook gasifier and apparatus including coal cook gasifier

Process for disposing of sewage sludge

A process for disposing of sanitary sewage sludge by producing a pumpable slurry of sewage sludge with or without solid carbonaceous fuel and burning said slurry as fuel in a partial oxidation gas generator, furnace, or boiler. The aqueous slurry of sewage sludge is concentrated by removing water by means of a conventional belt filter press, centrifuge, or hydroclone. The dewatered slurry of sewage sludge is heated by direct contact with steam while air and organic vapors are simultaneously removed, to reduce the pressure in the system; hydrothermally treated in two steps with indirect and direct heat exchange with steam; dewatered by flash evaporation and centrifuging; and burned with or without admixture with solid carbonaceous fuel in a partial oxidation gasifier, furnace, boiler, or incinerator to produce synthesis gas or a hot raw effluent gas stream. In a preferred embodiment, the effluent gas stream is cleaned and purified and non-contaminating ash and slag are separated. By this process, noxious sewage sludge may be disposed of without contaminating the environment. Synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas may be produced.

Processes for making syngas-derived products

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Systems and methods for quenching, gas clean up, and ash removal

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven chemical plant are disclosed. An embodiment may include a solar thermal receiver aligned to absorb concentrated solar energy from one or more solar energy concentrating fields. A solar driven chemical reactor may include multiple reactor tubes located inside the solar thermal receiver. The multiple reactor tubes can be used to gasify particles of biomass in the presence of a carrier gas. The gasification reaction may produce reaction products that include hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas having an exit temperature from the tubes exceeding 1000 degrees C. An embodiment can include a quench zone immediately downstream of an exit of the chemical reactor. The quench zone may immediately quench via rapid cooling of at least the hydrogen and carbon monoxide reaction products within 0.1-10 seconds of exiting the chemical reactor to a temperature of 800 degrees C. or less.

Process for duplex rotary reformer

Methods and apparatuses for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further to cool the syngas.

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas

A method for converting organic material into a product gas includes: a) providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; b) providing an effective amount of a reduced metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium or mixtures thereof within the pressure reactor; and c) maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and effective amount of reduced metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300 DEG C. to about 450 DEG C.; and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the effective amount of reduced metal catalyst and the period of time being sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

System for gasifying coal and reforming gaseous products thereof

Processes for making syngas-derived products

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Integrated drying and gasification process for simultaneously producing synthetic gas and high rank coal

본 발명에 따른 구체예는 수분-함유 저급 석탄으로부터 합성 가스 및 고품위 석탄을 동시에 효율적으로 생산할 수 있는 가스화 방법 및 이를 구현하기 위한 건조 및 가스화 통합 시스템에 관한 것이다.

Integrated drying and gasification process for simultaneously producing synthetic gas and high rank coal

The present invention relates to a gasification process for efficiently co-producing synthesis gas and high-grade coal from water-containing coal, and to an integrated drying and gasification system for realizing the same.

Process of making a syngas-derived product via catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Processes for making syngas-derived products

描述了用于从由碳质材料的催化气化得到的焦炭中提取和回收碱金属的方法。在其他步骤中，本发明的方法包括水热沥滤步骤，其中用二氧化碳和蒸汽在升高的温度和压力下处理包括不可溶碱金属化合物的不可溶颗粒的浆液以实现将不可溶碱金属化合物转化为可溶碱金属化合物。此外，还描述了用于碳质材料的催化气化的方法，其中从由该催化气化方法得到的焦炭中提取和回收实质部分的碱金属。

Processes for making syngas-derived products

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Processes for making syngas-derived products

描述了用于从由碳质材料的催化气化得到的焦炭中提取和回收碱金属的方法。在其他步骤中，本发明的方法包括水热沥滤步骤，其中用二氧化碳和蒸汽在升高的温度和压力下处理包括不可溶碱金属化合物的不可溶颗粒的浆液以实现将不可溶碱金属化合物转化为可溶碱金属化合物。此外，还描述了用于碳质材料的催化气化的方法，其中从由该催化气化方法得到的焦炭中提取和回收实质部分的碱金属。

Process of making a syngas-derived product via catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock

The present invention provides processes for making syngas-derived products. For example, one aspect of the present invention provides a process for making a syngas-derived product, the process comprising (a) providing a carbonaceous feedstock; (b) converting the carbonaceous feedstock in a syngas formation zone at least in part to a synthesis gas stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide; (c) conveying the synthesis gas stream to a syngas reaction zone; (d) reacting the synthesis gas stream in the syngas reaction zone to form the syngas-derived product and heat energy, a combustible tail gas mixture, or both; (e) recovering the syngas-derived product; and (f) recovering the heat energy formed from the reaction of the synthesis gas stream, burning the combustible tail gas mixture to form heat energy, or both.

Energy efficient gasification based multi generation apparatus employing energy efficient gasification plant-directed process schemes and related methods

Energy-efficient gasification-based multi-generation apparatus, facilities, or systems, and methods of modifying existing gasification-based multi-generation apparatus and the various conventional thermal coupling arrangements, are provided. An exemplary gasification-based multi-generation apparatus includes a gasification system configured to generate the raw syngas feed from a carbon-based feedstock. The gasification system includes a gasification plant or facility, a sour water stripping plant or facility comprising a sour water stripper, a gasification reactor, and a gasification system energy management system. The gasification system energy management system comprises a third gasification system process-to-process heat exchanger unit positioned to receive a wastewater bottom stream from the sour water stripper and to receive at least a portion of an oxygen feed to the gasification reactor to provide heat energy to the at least a second portion of the oxygen feed to the gasification reactor and to cool the wastewater bottom stream from the sour water stripper. The sour water stripping plant or facility is integrated into the gasification plant or facility through at least the wastewater bottom stream from the sour water stripper.

Method for improving gasification efficiency through the use of waste heat

A method for recycling the waste heat generated from an external process, which is fuelled by syngas, into a gasification process to enhance the energy density of the syngas produced as well as the overall gasification efficiency of the system. A method is provided for utilizing the waste heat contained in a stream exiting in the syngas fueled process to vaporize water and produce steam. The steam is then upgraded by first exchanging energy with the hot syngas exiting the gasifier and then within the gasifier itself to a temperature where significant steam gasification of the biomass occurs. The process within the gasifier is driven by introducing a small amount of air into the gasifier such that some biomass is directly combusted to provide the heat required by the process.

Energy efficient gasification based multi generation apparatus employing advanced process schemes and related methods

Energy-efficient gasification-based multi-generation apparatus, facilities, or systems, and methods of modifying existing gasification-based multi-generation apparatus and the various conventional thermal coupling arrangements, are provided. An exemplary gasification-based multi-generation apparatus includes a gasification system configured to generate raw syngas feed from a carbon-based feedstock, and an acid gas removal system configured to remove acidic contaminants from the raw syngas feed to thereby provide a treated syngas feed. The gasification system includes a gasification reactor, a syngas fluid cooler reactor, and a soot ash removal unit comprising a soot quench column, a soot separator, a soot filter, a soot scrubber, and a gasification system energy management system having a conventional set of heat exchanger unit and an added set of heat exchanger units to enhance energy efficiency. The acid gas removal system includes a reactor, an acid gas contaminant absorber, a solvent regenerator, and an acid gas removal system energy management system having a conventional set of heat exchanger unit and an added set of heat exchanger units to enhance energy efficiency.

Energy efficient gasification based multi generation apparatus employing advanced process schemes

Methods, systems, and devices for synthesis gas recapture

Methods, systems, and/or devices for synthesis gas recapture are provided, which may include methods, systems, and/or devices for filtering a synthesis gas stream. In some cases, tars, particulates, water, and/or heat may be removed from the synthesis gas stream through the filtering of the synthesis gas stream. The filtered synthesis gas stream may then be captured and/or utilized in a variety of different ways. Some embodiments utilizing a C—O—H compound to filter a synthesis gas stream. In some embodiments, the C—O—H compound utilized to filter the synthesis gas stream may be utilized to produce additional synthesis gas. The additional synthesis gas may be filtered by additional C—O—H compound.

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas

A method for converting organic material into a product gas includes: a) providing a liquid reactant mixture containing liquid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; b) providing an effective amount of a reduced metal catalyst selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium or mixtures thereof within the pressure reactor; and c) maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and effective amount of reduced metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300 °C to about 450 °C and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the effective amount of reduced metal catalyst and the period of time being sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Three-stage energy-integrated product gas generation method

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Method of gasifying large molecular weight organic materials and apparatus therefor

A method of gasifying large molecular weight organic materials (carbonaceous compounds) such as coal, shredded waste tire or waste oil into gaseous fuel, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and an apparatus therefore are provided. The method comprises the steps of supplying initial fuel gas and oxygen into a gasification reactor to produce water and carbon dioxide, supplying the organic materials into the reactor and reacting them with the water and carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, discharging the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from the reactor, recycling a part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas discharged from the reactor into the reactor, and reacting the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas supplied into the reactor with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. The method facilitates the control of temperature in the gasification reactor as well as produces fuel gas of high quality by increasing the concentration of hydrogen.

System and method for recovering inert feedstock contaminants from municipal solid waste during gasification

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

Particulate classification vessel having gas distributor valve for recovering contaminants from bed material

A multi-stage product gas generation system converts a carbonaceous material, such as municipal solid waste, into a product gas which may subsequently be converted into a liquid fuel or other material. One or more reactors containing bed material may be used to conduct reactions to effect the conversions. Unreacted inert feedstock contaminants present in the carbonaceous material may be separated from bed material using a portion of the product gas. A heat transfer medium collecting heat from a reaction in one stage may be applied as a reactant input in another, earlier stage.

"METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING BIO-METHANE FROM WASTE, PREFERABLY INDUSTRIAL OR URBAN WASTE, AND THEIR DERIVATIVE PRODUCTS"

Three-stage energy integrated product gas generation system and method

多阶段产物气体发生系统将碳质材料(诸如城市固体废物)转化成产物气体，该产物气体随后可被转化成液体燃料或其它材料。含有床料的一个或多个反应器可用于进行反应以实现转化。存在于碳质材料中的未反应的惰性原料污染物可以使用一部分产物气体与床料分离。在一个阶段中从反应收集热量的传热介质可以在另一个较早阶段用作反应物输入。

A process for converting waste into clean energy and value-added products

The invention is broadly directed to a continuous recycling process comprising: providing a homogenised waste material; forming the homogenised waste material into briquettes having a consistent size and density; feeding the briquettes into a first reactor and pyrolysing the briquettes so as to provide carbon and syngas, wherein heat from the syngas is used to drive further pyrolysis. The syngas may be subjected to a high-temperature water-gas shift reaction to enrich the hydrogen continent of the syngas, and scrubbed to remove contaminants, wherein heat is then exchanged from the syngas with water so as to provide superheated steam which is used in the high-temperature water-gas shift reaction and a cooled syngas.

Method for the catalytic conversion of organic materials into a product gas

A method for converting organic material into a product gas includes: a) providing a liquid reactant mixture containing li-quid water and liquid organic material within a pressure reactor; b) providing an effective amount of a reduced metal catalyst se-lected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, osmium and iridium or mixtures thereof within the pressure reactor; and c) maintaining the liquid reactant mixture and effective amount of reduced metal catalyst in the pressure reactor at temperature and pressure conditions of from about 300 °C to about 450 °C and at least 130 atmospheres for a period of time, the temperature and pressure conditions being effective to maintain the reactant mixture substantially as liquid, the effective amount of reduced metal catalyst and the period of time being sufficient to catalyze a reaction of the liquid organic material to produce a product gas composed primarily of methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Apparatus for gasifying solid fuels and wastes

Apparatus for effecting the conversion of solid fuels (including solid organic waste materials having a fuel valve) by high temperature gasification into clean-burning and uniform gaseous fuel called "producer gas." The apparatus comprises a two-section, stacked double-shell gasifier reactor defining sequentially descending, drying, distillation, oxidation and reduction reaction zones through which a continuously fed column of the solid fuel descends during its conversion to a gaseous fuel. Means are provided for drawing process air into the oxidation zone for burning reaction with carbonized fuel passing therethrough and for thereafter drawing reaction gases in downdraft fashion through the lower fuel reduction zone of the gasifier and thence in sequence through the annular space defined by the double-shell structure of the lower section of the gasifer in indirect countercurrent heat exchange relationship with the fuel column portion in the oxidation and reduction zones and through the annular space defined by the double-shell structure of the upper section of the gasifier in indirect co-current heat exchange relationship with the fuel column portion in the drying and distillation zones. The inner shell elements of the two sections of the stacked double-shell reactor structure are arranged in hanging manner within their respective outer shell elements to allow expansion of the double-shell structure under the high temperature conditions experienced by the gasifier without harmful stress build-up in the apparatus.

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and apparatus therefor

本发明提供一种将大分子量有机材料(含碳材料)例如煤、粉碎的轮胎或废油等气化成气体燃料、一氧化碳和氢气的方法，且还提供该方法所用的装置。所述方法包括下列步骤：供应初始的燃料气体和氧气至气化反应器中以制得水和二氧化碳，供应有机材料至反应器中并使它们与水和二氧化碳反应以制得一氧化碳和氢气，从反应器中排出一氧化碳和氢气，将从反应器中排出的一氧化碳和氢气的一部分再循环至反应器中，且将供应至反应器的一氧化碳和氢气与氧气反应以制得水和二氧化碳。该方法通过增长氢气的浓度而有助于对气化反应器中的温度的控制并制得高质量的燃料气体。

Gasification process and feed system

一种用于使固体含碳进料(41)气化的工艺，所述工艺包括以下步骤：将成批的固体含碳进料(41)引入流槽容器(2)中，同时流槽容器(2)中的内部压力处于第一压力；将至少再循环的CO 2 经由被固体含碳进料(41)覆盖的一个或多个进气口(7,39)引入流槽容器(2)中，以在预定的时间段期间使流槽容器(2)从第一压力加压至超过第一压力的第二压力；关闭一个或多个进气口(7,39)；打开流槽容器(2)的进料出口(4)以将成批的固体含碳进料(41)供应至进料容器(6)，以将固体含碳进料(41)馈送至气化反应器(10)；关闭进料出口(4)；对流槽容器(2)进行排气以使内部压力降低至第一压力；以及重复所述工艺。

Apparatus for waste gasification

A gasification system that includes a gasification reactor chamber having perforated conduits or an inner lining that increases the exposed surface area of waste materials to gasification conditions, thereby decreasing gasification temperature, time, and cooling period between subsequent gasification procedures. After an aspirator withdraws and oxidizes fuel gas from the gasification reactor chamber, a flare assembly combusts the mixed fuel gas to provide power or heat to at least one heat recovery device. The at least one heat recovery device recaptures thermal energy entrained in the exhaust, thereby reducing exhaust temperature and eliminating the need for an exhaust stack. An absorber purifies the exhaust and an extractor removes carbon dioxide. A portion of the removed carbon dioxide may be used for industrial purposes or for supporting vegetation. At least a portion of the remaining exhaust is returned to the gasification reactor chamber as recycled process gas, thereby completing a closed-loop system.

Improved apparatus for waste gasification

A gasification system that includes a gasification reactor chamber (101) having perforated conduits or an inner lining that increases the exposed surface area of waste materials to gasification conditions, thereby decreasing gasification temperature, time, and cooling period between subsequent gasification procedures. After an aspirator withdraws and oxidizes fuel gas from the reactor chamber, a flare assembly (229b) combusts the mixed fuel gas to provide power or heat to at least one heat recovery device (111). The at least one heat recovery device recaptures thermal energy entrained in the exhaust, thereby reducing exhaust temperature and eliminating the need for an exhaust stack. An absorber purifies the exhaust and an extractor (117) removes carbon dioxide. A portion of the removed carbon dioxide may be used for industrial purposes or for supporting vegetation. At least a portion of the remaining exhaust is returned to the reactor chamber as recycled process gas, thereby completing a closed-loop process.

Process for producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other products suitable for further use and appliance for practising thereof

Coal slurry preheating device and the gasification system and method for using the device

本发明公开了煤浆预热装置及使用该装置的煤气化系统和方法，具体涉及一种气化系统，其包括气化装置，该气化装置包括用来将煤浆转化成合成气的气化室、以及用来冷却来自所述气化室中的合成气的激冷室。所述气化系统还包括位于所述激冷室中的预热装置，用来在所述煤浆进入所述气化室之前以所述激冷室中的热量来对其进行预热。其中，所述预热装置包括管路装置，该管路装置中形成有可让所述煤浆通过的通道，该通道与所述气化室相通并沿煤浆的流向位于所述气化室的前端。本发明还涉及该气化系统中所用的预热装置以及用该气化装置的气化方法。

Coal gasifying method and modifying of gas product

Method and facility for producing electricity from an srf load

The present invention concerns a method and a facility for producing electricity, wherein the following steps are performed: a) supplying a solid recovered fuel SRF, b) producing (10) a raw synthesis gas from the solid recovered fuel, c) purifying (12) said raw synthesis gas in order to generate a synthesis gas in which the reduced concentration of tars determines a dew point of said tars less than or equal to 20°C, d) cleaning (22) the synthesis gas purified in this way in order to obtain a clean synthesis gas, e) lowering the relative humidity of the clean synthesis gas, and f) injecting at least a portion thereof into a gas engine (26) in order to produce electricity.

GAZOGENE WITH REVERSIBLE FIXED BED

METHOD FOR CIRCULATING SOLID PARTICLES WITHIN A FLUIDIZING CHAMBER AND PERFECTED FLUIDIZING CHAMBER FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE DE MISE EN CIRCULATION DE PARTICULES SOLIDES A L'INTERIEUR D'UNE CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION DANS LAQUELLE EST MENAGE UN LIT FLUIDISE CIRCULANT COMPRENANT UNE ZONE INFERIEURE DENSE A A FORTE CONCENTRATION DE PARTICULES SURMONTEE D'UNE ZONE DILUEE B CONTENANT DES PARTICULES ENTRAINEES PAR LE COURANT ASCENDANT DE GAZ VERS LA PARTIE SUPERIEURE DE LA CHAMBRE 1, CELLES-CI DEBOUCHANT DANS UN CIRCUIT 4 D'EVACUATION DES GAZ ET DES PARTICULES COMPORTANT UN DISPOSITIF 41 DE RECUPERATION DES PARTICULES ENTRAINEES RELIE A LA CHAMBRE 1 PAR UN CIRCUIT 45 DE RECYCLAGE DES PARTICULES RECUPEREES. SELON L'INVENTION, ON DETERMINE, DANS LA PARTIE SUPERIEURE 12 DE LA CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION, UNE DIMINUTION DE LA VITESSE DE CIRCULATION DES GAZ AVANT LEUR EVACUATION DE FACON A REALISER AU-DESSUS DE LA ZONE DIULEE B DU LIT FLUIDISE UNE ZONE SUPERIEURE C A PLUS FORTE CONCENTRATION EN PARTICULES DANS LAQUELLE UNE PARTIE 35 DES PARTICULES S'ECHAPPE DU COURANT GAZEUX ET RETOMBE EN PLUIE LE LONG DE LA PAROI LATERALE DE LA CHAMBRE EN FORMANT UNE NAPPE ANNULAIRE DESCENDANTE 34. L'INVENTION COUVRE EGALEMENT LA CHAMBRE DE FLUIDISATION PERFECTIONNEE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DU PROCEDE. ELLE S'APPLIQUE SPECIALEMENT A LA COMBUSTION ETOU LA GAZEIFICATION DE MATIERE COMBUSTIBLE.

System for quenching and scrubbing and cooling and washing hot partial oxidation gas

A system for quenching and scrubbing hot partial oxidation gas and washing and cooling hot partial oxidation gas is disclosed. During the quenching and scrubbing phase, removal of particulate contaminants is facilitated by using a high pressure settler assembly in combination with a scrubbing tower (10). Preferably, the high pressure settler consists of a sump (18) internal to the scrubbing tower or a sump and quiet zone combination that is internal to the scrubbing tower. Use of the high pressure settler allows for increased settling rates and increased scrubbing efficiency. During the cooling and washing, a knockout drum (45) having an integral washing system is advantageously employed. Use of the knockout drum during the condensing and washing phase of gasification process facilitates removal of ammonia and water vapor from a partial oxidation gas containing water vapor and ammonia. The knockout drum (35) comprises a bottom section (46) and top section (50) with a transfer means (53) connecting the bottom section to the top section. The top section comprises a series of trays (55) capable of channeling water from the upper end of the top section to the lower end of the top section. The transfer means provides unidirectional flow of a fluid from the bottom section to the top section.

IMPROVED PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR TREATING FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL

L'INVENTION A POUR OBJET UN PROCEDE ET UNE INSTALLATION DE TRAITEMENT D'UNE MATIERE COMBUSTIBLE EN LIT FLUIDISE, L'INSTALLATION COMPRENANT UNE CHAMBRE DE REACTION 1 ALIMENTEE EN MATIERE COMBUSTIBLE, MUNIE A SA BASE DE MOYENS 11 DE FLUIDISATION ET RELIEE A UN CIRCUIT 23 DE RECUPERATION ET DE RECYCLAGE DES PARTICULES SOLIDES ENTRAINEES AVEC LES FUMEES. SELON L'INVENTION, EN TENANT COMPTE DE LA NATURE DE LA MATIERE COMBUSTIBLE ET DES CONDITIONS DE FONCTIONNEMENT, ON DETERMINE UNE TEMPERATURE DE REFERENCE A PARTIR DE LAQUELLE LES PARTICULES DE MATIERES IMMOBILES SONT SUSCEPTIBLES DE SE COLLER LES UNES AUX AUTRES A L'INTERIEUR DU DISPOSITIF DE RECUPERATION 2, ON REGLE LES CONDITIONS DE FLUIDISATION POUR REALISER UN FONCTIONNEMENT DE L'INSTALLATION EN LIT CIRCULANT, ON REGLE LA TEMPERATURE DE LA REACTION DANS LA PARTIE DENSE 15 DU LIT FLUIDISE A UN NIVEAU SUPERIEUR A LA TEMPERATURE DE REFERENCE ET L'ON PRODUIT UN REFROIDISSEMENT CONTROLE DES PARTICULES DE MATIERE EN AMONT DU DISPOSITIF DE RECUPERATION 2, SUSCEPTIBLE DE MAINTENIR LA TEMPERATURE A L'INTERIEUR DE CELUI-CI A UN NIVEAU INFERIEUR A LA TEMPERATURE DE REFERENCE. THE OBJECT OF THE INVENTION IS A PROCESS AND A PLANT FOR TREATMENT OF A FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL, THE INSTALLATION INCLUDING A REACTION CHAMBER 1 SUPPLIED WITH COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL, EQUIPPED AT ITS BASE WITH FLUIDIZATION MEANS 11 AND CONNECTED TO A CIRCUIT 23 FOR THE RECOVERY AND RECYCLING OF SOLID PARTICLES TRAINED WITH FUMES. ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NATURE OF THE COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL AND OF THE OPERATING CONDITIONS, A REFERENCE TEMPERATURE IS DETERMINED FROM WHICH THE PARTICLES OF IMMOBILE MATERIALS ARE LIKELY TO BOND TO OTHERS DUE TO OTHERS. RECOVERY DEVICE 2, THE FLUIDIZATION CONDITIONS ARE ADJUSTED TO PERFORM THE OPERATION OF THE SYSTEM IN A CIRCULATING BED, THE REACTION TEMPERATURE IN THE DENSE PART 15 OF THE FLUIDIZED BED IS ADJUSTED TO A LEVEL ABOVE THE REFERENCE TEMPERATURE AND ...

PROCESS FOR THE CIRCULATION OF SOLID PARTICLES WITHIN A FLUIDIZATION CHAMBER AND IMPROVED FLUIDIZATION CHAMBER FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY FROM A CSR LOAD

La présente invention concerne un procédé et une installation de production d'électricité, dans lequel on réalise les étapes suivantes : a) fournir un combustible solide de récupération CSR, b) produire (10) un gaz de synthèse brut à partir du combustible solide de récupération, c) purifier (12) ledit gaz de synthèse brut pour générer un gaz de synthèse dont la concentration diminuée en goudrons détermine un point de rosée desdits goudrons inférieur ou égal à 20°C, d) nettoyage (22) du gaz de synthèse ainsi purifié pour obtenir un gaz de synthèse propre, e) abaissement du degré d'humidité relative du gaz de synthèse propre, f) injection d'au moins une partie de celui-ci dans au moins un moteur à gaz (26) pour produire de l'électricité. The present invention relates to a method and an electricity generation installation, in which the following steps are carried out: a) providing a solid recovery fuel CSR, b) producing (10) a raw synthesis gas from the solid fuel of recovering, c) purifying (12) said raw synthesis gas to generate a synthesis gas whose reduced tar concentration determines a dew point of said tars less than or equal to 20 ° C, d) cleaning (22) of the synthesis gas thus purified to obtain a clean synthesis gas, e) lowering the relative humidity of the clean synthesis gas, f) injecting at least a portion of it into at least one gas engine (26) to produce electricity.

Process for the production of an organic fertilizer and corresponding installation

L’invention concerne un procédé et une installation de production d’un engrais organique à partir de compost et/ou de macroalgues comprenant les étapes suivantes : - obtention de boues de station d’épuration - séchage desdites boues de station d’épuration de sorte à obtenir du combustible solide résiduel présentant une taux de matière sèche au moins égal à 60%  ; - mélange du combustible solide résiduel  avec de la matière organique présentant un taux de matière sèche au moins égal à 60% ; - pyrogazéification dudit mélange à une température comprise entre 900 et 1200°C en présence d’une faible quantité d’oxygène de sorte à obtenir un gaz de synthèse ; - autocombustion dans un réacteur d’au moins une partie dudit gaz de synthèse obtenu par pyrogazéification dudit mélange ; - séchage dudit compost et/ou desdites macroalgues à partir de la chaleur des fumées et du gaz de synthèse résiduel sortant dudit réacteur. Figure à publier : Figure 1 The invention relates to a method and an installation for producing an organic fertilizer from compost and/or macroalgae comprising the following steps: - obtaining sewage plant sludge - drying said sewage plant sludge so obtaining residual solid fuel having a dry matter content of at least 60%; - mixing residual solid fuel with organic matter having a dry matter content of at least 60%; - pyrogasification of said mixture at a temperature between 900 and 1200°C in the presence of a small quantity of oxygen so as to obtain a synthesis gas; - self-combustion in a reactor of at least part of said synthesis gas obtained by pyrogasification of said mixture; - drying of said compost and/or said macroalgae from the heat of the fumes and the residual synthesis gas leaving said reactor. Figure to be published: Figure 1

PLANT FOR CATALYTIC GAS DISSOCIATION, IN PARTICULAR FOR THE GASING OF COAL USING NUCLEAR ENERGY

Installation pour la dissociation catalytique des gaz dans un four de craquage à hautes températures, en particulier pour la gazéification du charbon au moyen d'énergie nucléaire. Le gaz à dissocier est, dans la zone des bases températures, chauffé au moyen d'un gaz de chauffage réchauffé dans le réacteur et, dans la zone des températures élevées, chauffé jusqu'à environ 1 000 degrés C pour un chauffage électrique 14. Installation for the catalytic dissociation of gases in a high temperature cracking furnace, in particular for the gasification of coal by means of nuclear energy. The gas to be dissociated is, in the low temperature zone, heated by means of a heating gas reheated in the reactor and, in the high temperature zone, heated to about 1000 degrees C for electric heating 14.

Method for obtaining combustible gas from waste by pyrolysis and a plant for pyrolysis

Сущность изобретени : мусор обрабатывай до содержани  сухого вещества по меньшей мере 75% путем размельчени , сортировки, образовани  хлопьев, гранул или ркатышей с размером 1-50 мм. Обработанный мусор подают в обогреваемый дегазационный барабан и подвергают пиролизу с образованием швельгаза и твердого остатка . Швельгаз ввод т в преобразователь газа и разлагают с образованием горючего газа. Полученный горючий газ очищают в промывочной установке с помощью циркулирующей в контуре промывочной воды. Часть промывочной воды из контура циркул ции промывочной установки газа подвод т в контур очистки промывочной воды механическим или химическим путем; Часть горючего газа после промывки используетс  дл  дегазационного барабана. Другую часть газа предпочтительно через газомер подвод т к газовому двигателю или горелке. Твердый остаток пиролиза обрабатывают в вод ной ванне промывной водой, отводимой из контура очистки промывной воды. 2 с.п. и б з.п.ф-лы, 1 ил. сл С

Systems and methods for biomass gasifier reactor and receiver configuration

A method, apparatus, and system for solar-driven chemical plant may include a solar thermal receiver to absorb concentrated solar energy from an array of heliostats. Additionally, some embodiments may include a solar driven chemical reactor that has multiple reactor tubes. The concentrated solar energy drives the endothermic gasification reaction of the particles of biomass flowing through the reactor tubes. Some embodiments may also include an on-site fuel synthesis reactor that is geographically located on the same site as the chemical reactor and integrated to receive the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction.

A STEAM REFORMER AND A FUEL CELL CONTAINING INTEGRATED SYSTEM

Method of gasifying carbonaceous material and appratus therefor

A method of gasifying large molecular weight organic materials (carbonaceous materials such as coal, shredded waste tire or waste oil into gaseous fuel, carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and an apparatus therefore are provided. The method comprises the steps of supplying initial fuel gas and oxygen into a gasification reactor to produce water and carbon dioxide, supplying the organic materials into the reactor and reacting them with the water and carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, dishcharging the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from the reactor, recycling a part of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas dishcarged from the reactor into the reactor, and reacting the carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas supplied into the reactor with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. The method facilitates the control of temperature in the gasification reactor as well as produces fuel gas of high quality by increasing the concentration of hydrogen.

Thermal integration in synthesis gas production by partial oxidation

A process and a plant are proposed for producing a synthesis gas including hydrogen and carbon oxides by partial oxidation of carbon-containing fuel in the presence of an oxygen-containing oxidant and a moderator, wherein the obtained raw synthesis gas is laden with soot particles. According to the invention the cooling of the raw synthesis gas is carried out using a crossflow heat exchanger, a shell and tube heat exchanger or a spiral heat exchanger, wherein the carbon-containing input stream or the oxidant stream or the moderator stream or a plurality of these streams serve as the first coolant and are thus preheated before introduction into the partial oxidation plant.

apparatus for removing tar of gasification system for biomass

The present invention relates to a tar removal device of a biomass gasification system. The tar removal device of a biomass gasification system comprises: a fuel supply unit (100); a gas generating unit (200); a heat exchange unit (300); and a biomass gas discharge unit (400). The heat exchange unit (300) comprises: a heat exchange housing (310); a multi-pipe assembly (320); a steam generating unit (330); a tar removal and guide unit (340); and a vertical operation unit (350). According to the present invention, productivity can be improved.

Co-current shaft reactor

The method of gas production from at least partially gasifiable solid material and the device for implementation of this method

Into the reaction zone (2), which is located inside the reactor (1), the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material, at least one inlet (4) of the gasification agent, the outlet (5) of the produced gas and the outlet (6) of the non-gasified residue are introduced. A part of the reaction zone (2) is the space (7) for forming the fixed bed (8) of at least partially gasifiable solid material, to which the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material is introduced. The reactor (1) involves at least one grid (10) which is located between the reaction zone (2) and the outlet (6) of the non-gasified residue. With advantage, an inlet of gasifiable liquid may be introduced into the reaction zone (2). An equipment for preheating of at least partially gasifiable material may be located in the inlet (3) of at least partially gasifiable solid material. To preheat the gasification agent, the equipment (13) for preheating the gasification agent may be located in the inlet (4) of the gasification agent. The equipment for preheating of gasified liquid may be located in the inlet of gasified liquid. With benefit, the reaction zone (2) is surrounded by the thermal insulation (15), which is resistant to the temperature of 1600° C.

System integration of a steam reformer and fuel cell

A novel process and apparatus for power generation from biomass and other carbonaceous feedstocks are provided. The process integrates a pulse combust or steam reformer with a fuel cell to generate electricity such that (i) efficiencies are higher than those of conventional and emerging advanced pow er systems, and (ii) emissions are lower than those proposed by the new environmental regulations, i.e. one-tenth of the New Source Performance Standards. The pulse combustor steam reformer generates a hydrogen-rich, medium - Btu fuel gas that is electrochemically oxidized in the fuel cell to generate electricity. The apparatus may be configured to produce only power or combined heat and power.

Method for recovering at least one recyclable material contained in a biomass

The invention relates to a method for thermochemically treating biomass (5) and recovering a recyclable material contained therein. The biomass (5) is supplied to a pyrolysis reactor (2) and broken down therein to give pyrolytic coke and pyrolysis gas, wherein the pyrolytic coke is further conveyed to a coke gasifier (3) and broken down therein to give a solid residue product and a gasifier gas. The pyrolysis gas and the gasifier gas are supplied to a combustion apparatus (4) and burned therein to give flue gas. At least a part of the flue gas is supplied to the coke gasifier (3) from the combustion apparatus (4).

System for producing hydrogen

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemistry. A flexible modular system for producing hydrogen from organic material includes at least one feeding device or feeding module 2, at least one gasification module 7, having at least one plasma generator 8 which is powered by alternating current, a gas cooling module 11, having a cooling device, at least one gas cleaning module 12, having at least one gas cleaning device, and at least one module 14 for converting water gas and separating hydrogen. Each of said modules is built as a standard container, having a standard size and configured for transportation on a vehicle and said modules are connected to each other by a mating face, having connecting means and connections for gas, electric power and communication. Plasma gas is fed from the discharge section of the generator 8, having electrodes, through a hole into a chamber outside the discharge section, wherein the plasma gas reacts with organic material in said chamber. EFFECT: invention ensures environmental safety of the system which is flexible and easy to transport and reconstruct. 10 cl, 6 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (11) 2 478 689 (13) C2 (51) МПК C10J 3/00 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ (21)(22) Заявка: 2011127981/05, 08.12.2008 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 08.12.2008 (72) Автор(ы): РИНГХЕЙМ Даниэль (SE), ГРАНБЕРГ Торстен (SE) (73) Патентообладатель(и): ПЛАГАЗИ АБ (SE) R U Приоритет(ы): (22) Дата подачи заявки: 08.12.2008 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 20.01.2013 Бюл. № 2 (45) Опубликовано: 10.04.2013 Бюл. № 10 2 4 7 8 6 8 9 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: US 2008202028 A1, 28.08.2008. RU 2056008 C1, 10.03.1996. RU 2183794 C2, 20.06.2002. RU 77864 U1, 10.11.2008. US 2006272559 A1, 07.12.2006. US 2004251241 A1, 16.12.2004. US 5319176 A, 07.06.1994. EP 0849435 A2, 24.06.1998. 2 4 7 8 6 8 9 R U (86) Заявка PCT: EP 2008/067010 (08.12.2008) ...

Device for generating combustible product gas from carbonaceous feedstocks

A device is provided for generating combustible product gas from carbonaceous feedstocks through allothermal steam gasification m a pressurized gasification vessel The pressurized allothermal steam gasification of carbonaceous fuels requires that heat be supplied to the gasification chamber at a temperature level of approximately 800-900 °C In a heat pipe reformer, as is known from EP 1 187 892 B1, combustible gas is generated from the carbonaceous feedstocks to be gasified through allothermal steam gasification m a pressurized fluidized bed gasification chamber The heat needed for this is fed to the gasifier or reformer from a fluidized bed combustion system through a heat pipe arrangement Due to the straight and tubular construction of heat pipes, the combustion chamber and reformer/gasification chamber are disposed one above the other in the known heat pipe reformer from EP 1 187 892 B1 The pressure vessel base is under particular stresses due to the high temperatures in the combustion chamber In addition, the base is weakened by a plurality of heat pipe feedthroughs The sealing of the feedthroughs also presents a problem In conventional tubular heat pipes, the line for liquid heat transfer medium and for gaseous heat transfer medium are both disposed in the common tubular shell The fact that the present invention uses loop heat pipes in which the liquid heat transfer medium is conveyed spatially separated from the gaseous heat transfer medium allows the number of feedthroughs to be reduced to two, namely a liquid line and a vapor line When a plurality of such loop heat pipes is used, the separate vapor and fluid lines thereof can be combined in the

Process for the high temperature treatment of the gaseous and vaporous products resulting from the pyrolysis of household and industrial waste

Circulating Fluidized Bed Gasifier Equipped with Heat Exchanger Therein

본 발명의 구체예에 따르면, 순환 유동층 가스화기의 다운커머(downcomer) 내부에 열 교환기를 구비함으로써 연소 영역의 증대 및 탄소전환율 향상 효과를 제공할 수 있는 순환 유동층 가스화기가 개시된다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is disclosed a circulating fluidized bed gasifier that can provide an effect of increasing the combustion zone and improving carbon conversion rate by providing a heat exchanger inside a downcomer of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier.

Method and system of heat exchange

FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention can be applied in chemical industry. Water gasification of biomass is carried out under supercritical or nearly critical conditions: water pressure constitutes at least 150 bars, with water temperature being over 300°C. Mixed with additives and/or catalysts biomass is compressed by compressing device 1 and is supplied into reactor system 2, which includes heating section 3, with first heat exchanger 6, reaction section 4 and cooling section 5, with second heat exchanger 12. Heat carrier, in this case molten salt, circulates between first heat exchanger 6 and second heat exchanger 12. Heat exchangers 6 and 12 are connected with circulation system of heat carrier, which also includes first reservoir with salt 13, in which temperature, close to maximal work temperature of molten salt is supported, and second reservoir with salt 14, with temperature, close to temperature of molten salt melting. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase efficiency of heat transfer, as well as ensures easy and well-managed control of heat exchange process. 11 cl, 1 dwg РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) RU (51) МПК C10J 3/10 (11) (13) 2 515 308 C2 (2006.01) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2011129797/05, 04.12.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 04.12.2009 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 27.01.2013 Бюл. № 3 (45) Опубликовано: 10.05.2014 Бюл. № 13 (73) Патентообладатель(и): УПМ-КЮММЕНЕ КОРПОРЕЙШН (FI) 2 5 1 5 3 0 8 (56) Список документов, цитированных в отчете о поиске: CA 2624510 A1, 02.04.2008. US 5053571 A, 01.10.1991. BE 673361 A, 07.06.1966. US 4187904 A , 12.02.1980. СОСНОВСКИЙ Г.Н., СОСНОВСКАЯ Н.Г., Учебное пособие по курсу "Основы электрохимической технологии", Ангарск, АГТА, 2006, с. 24-25 (86) Заявка PCT: C 2 C 2 (85) Дата начала рассмотрения заявки PCT на национальной фазе: 19.07.2011 FI 2009/050976 (04.12.2009) ( ...

Systems and methods for biomass grinding and feeding

A method, apparatus, and system for a solar-driven biorefinery that may include a entrained-flow biomass feed system that is feedstock flexible via particle size control of the biomass. Some embodiments include a chemical reactor that receives concentrated solar thermal energy from an array of heliostats. The entrained-flow biomass feed system can use an entrainment carrier gas and supplies a variety of biomass sources fed as particles into the solar- driven chemical reactor. Biomass sources in a raw state or partially torrified state may be used, as long as parameters such as particle size of the biomass are controlled. Additionally, concentrated solar thermal energy can drive gasification of the particles. An on-site fuel synthesis reactor may receive the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products from the gasification reaction use the hydrogen and carbon monoxide products in a hydrocarbon fuel synthesis process to create a liquid hydrocarbon fuel.