PROCEDURE FOR CONTINUOUS BRINGING IN OF A MIXTURE ALSO TO GASSING PLASTICS AND GASSING LIQUID

RK 396,367 B the Effindung refers on a Verfahrgn for continuous bringing in a mixture also to gassing solids and gassing Fliissigkeit into a reactor, which, related to the Atmosph rendmck, stands for inter Uberdmck. From the DE-C-2 629,182 a procedure for feeding a gasification reactor becomes admits, with which purify-hasty coal, in particular with a Korngr0 under 3 RAM, is mixed in one mix-advisablely with a water-loose-borrowed BindemitteI, for example molasses, a strong one or a Sulfitzellstoffablauge. This mixture is then admitted to an extrusion, which feeds fibre a perforated tile directly into the gasification reactor, which stands under Dmck. From the EP-B1-0 011,151 a device is bokannt for registering solid fuels into a high-pressure gasification reactor. Iii with the coal in a first step with a bonding agent, which can be gassed, becomes, e.g. Water or hydrocarbons, mixed WAD anschlie lp in the Gangen between Gehause and one into this arranged F6rderschnecke to gas densities a mass kompaktiert. This gasdiehte mass is then brought continuously into a Druckreaktor. With St6rungen in extrusion those is locked discharge ffnung dureh for one yon outer n working stamp or piston. This stamp or piston is either hydraulically or pneumatically betwixt. Such well-known procedures do not point sew-hurry up, dab mixtures at will gotten dirty to be processed can, since these impurities cause high frictions between the snail and the cylindrical inner wall of the F6rderorganes and so that cause a iiberhOhten Verschleig at snail and inner wall. Gleiehzeitig is substantially worsened by the erh6hte power consumption of the F6rderorganes the energy balance of the entire procedure. The available Erf'mdung set itself to the goal of creating a procedure permitted it, plastic wastes, how they can be present for example in the Hausmfill or also in the Industriemiill, for a further utilization zuzuffihren. This further utilization is not to be appropriate however, as actually admits, in the burn of the plastic wastes, to sondem of plastics represents a high-quality basic material fiir anschliegende syntheses or also for production yon for gases high-energy, those not directly immediately, sondem at the place of the W of nebedarfes to be oxidized k0nnen. A condition tar a purposeful conversion of such Kunststoffabf ille is, dab this on the one hand under pressure guest and dab this Dmckvergasen will be continuously durchgefiihrt can. With a diskontinuierliehen Veffahren the Druckreaktor miiBte diskontinuiedieh to be fed in each case, with which in each case sew the Beschiekung of the same, both a Dmekals aueh building of temp MTU up again necessarily wire, so dab per time unit and per apparatus unit mngesetzte quantity substantially smaller as with a continuous procedure find. The erf'mdungsgem the iBe Veffahren for kontinuierliehen bringing in of a Misehung also to gassing solids and gassing Fliissigkeit, whereby the Mischnng with a pressure is appropriate, for the fibre that of a reactor, a F0rderorgan, which exhibits at least turning a propelled snail, into the reactor gef0rdert, which is held for the Atmosph final jerk linen O-berdruck more gegeniiber, exists in the wesenflichen in it, dab the F0rderorgan than solid more pardkulierter, in particular thermoplastic, plastic becomes more tiber, e.g. Poly ithylen, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester od. such, a Fltissigkeit, which cSt with F0rdertemperatur between 50° and 150 °C, in particular 70° and 130 °C, a Viskosit tt yon at least 300, in particular 500 eSt exhibit, e.g. a Erd61riickstand fliissigen with F6rdertemperatur and if necessary further additives, e.g. Waste rubber od. such, to be admitted, and this is brought in the demand organ fibre the snail to be mixed, and the mixture into the reactor, in which a pressure, vorzagsweise yon 15 to 35 bar, will keep in particular yon to 20 to 30 bar, upright, gegebenenfaUs more tiber a further mixing chamber, kontinuiedich. Thus, dab the plastic before the Mugabe to the F0rderorgan is partikuliert, can take place one gleichm igere wetting of the Kunststoffpartikelchen with the Fliissigkeit, whereby a constant is rleistet at the same time Durehsatz of new Kunststoffpartikelchen by the F6rderorgan gew, since Omschlingen of the auger or another did not form-strike the plastic with the F0rdersehnecke auftritL Dutch, which can be processed, with F0rdertempemtur of high viscose rayon Fltissigkeit can the sealing between the Zylindednnenwandung and the longing corner dureh the Fliissigkeit is made, thus Trade Union of German Employees to close tolerance zwisehen longing corner and inner wall is avoided k0nnen, whereby gleiehzeitig also no erh0hte is necessary kneading work between snail and cylinder wall, those in particular with impurities, as for example sand or other hard materials, to increased abrasion fiihren. When further addition materials k0nnen prefers such are used, which is likewise to gases suitable. Examples hief'tir: even if passenger car WAD cut LKW-Reifen up, with steel fabric, crusts, Klarschl - nme from biological Abw serreinigungsanlagen and such defiance of this inhomogenous mixture can be developed due to animal h0her viscous Fliissigkeit in the F6rderorgan a pressure, beginning yore space printing on 20 and fibre 30 bar, so a continuous F0rderung of the mixture into a Druckreaktor, in which with a such pressure one works, erm0glicht becomes. Becomes the mixture in the F Srderorgan on a demand temperature with part-crystalline thermoplastic plastic and/or this as gewichtsm ige main component with plastic mixtures, like e.g. Hochdruckpolygahylen, Niederdrucklx lyiithylen, polypropylene etc. below the crystallite fusion range, insbesoadere below yon 100 °12, and with duroplasdschem and/or nichtlcristallinem thermoplastic plastic and/or. RK 396,367 B this as gewichtsm ige main component with plastic mixtures, like e.g. Polystyrene, held hard polyvinyl chloride below the Erwoichungstemperatur gema8 Vicat B DIN 53,460, then can be achieved by it a particularly low power consumption with the demand procedure, whereby the total energy balance of the Vergasungsveff can be steered ens particularly gfimtig. If the Misehmag in the F6rderorgan, a gekfihlte Sehneeke and/or hollow cylinder, becomes in particular more tiber gekiihlt, then can be affected particularly giinstig the inhomogenous composition of the Abfallkanststoffmischmag. So exists for example possibility, dab parliamentary groups with different softening temperatures and/or Kristallitsehmelzbereichen sew each other in demand organ arrive, so do_a for example for the time being with h6heren temperatures gedngere power consumption vodiegt, when in the following parliamentary group, whereby by Kfihlung of the snail and/or the cylinder due to the high code numbers for warm the same with particularly small time delay the Energieaafnahme be veningert it can, whereby welters yon advantage is, dab those parts of the mixture, which causes a Erh6hung of the power consumption, j.eweils in the direct contact with Schneckenund of the Hohlzylinderoberfl he to stand, by Andertmg of the Kfihlung a direct control without substantial would time-borrow so here Verz6gerung be achieved can. A further, if necessary zus tzliche possibility, for taxlikes the Kfihlung of the mixture consists of which mixture in the F0rderorgan Fltissigkeit will zngegeben. Dutch this Mugabe of the Fliissigkeit in the F6rderorgan will likewise laminate between the teilchenfOrmigen plastic and the cylinder wall and/or snail wall to be gektihlt, sodaB a fast control, at least the power consumption, the mixture organ be reached also here can. A particularly favourable control results in sees if with U-berschreiten a given value of the power consumption in the F0rderorgan one gekfihlt. The power consumption in the F6rderorgan is not the Erw mung the mixture, in particular the plastic to be equivalent, dab own Temperaturftihler in the mixer be thus planned mtissen, sondem the temperature difference of the Kiihlflfissigkeit, which withdraw into the hollow cylinder einund WAD of the Gesehwindigkeit the same, be determined can. The power consumption in the demand organ can be determined particularly simply dutch the power consumption of the electrical driving motor, whereby in this case, since already electrical Eingangsgr6 n is present, a control can be simply durchgefiihrt particularly reliable in service and. Into the F6rderorgan if a Misehmag with partikuliertem Kmaststoff and the F1Ussigkeit is brought, then the F6rderstrecke of the F6rderorganes can be held particularly small, whereby at the same time the VOL around contraction of the Misehung is in the demand organ smaller, thus daB the F6rderwirkung of the Ft of rderorganes to be kept particularly high can. Into the demand organ if the F1iJssigkeit is brought, then, if the entire Flfissigkeit is eingebraeht into the demand organ, an upstream processing step can, and zw. moistening the mixture with the Flfissigkeit WAD the pertinent Vorriehtmag, to be saved, WAD it lies a particularly einfaehe controlling of the Verhaltnisses between partikuliertem plastic and flat steel bar ssigkeit forwards. Within the range of the discharge of the demand organ and/or afterwards, jedoeh before the reactor, if the Misehung water vapour and/or sauerstoffhfltiges gas under Oberdmek against fibre is admitted to the reactor, then the mixture can be divided with the entering the reactor particularly favourably, be thus obtained dab a h6here rate of turnover of the Mischtmg in the reactor can. If a parliamentary group becomes with a spezifisehen Gewieht from 0,05 to 0.3 t/m2 from Miill, in particular from household garbage as solid, uses, then is present a mixture yon plastic wastes with other garbage components, however thereby a particularly small number of upstream Arbeitsvorg could be inserted towards necessary, wodureh also then such Mttllfraktionen, if it not so richly at plastics with usable and/or raw materials high-energy verftigen, since the upstream energy expenditure is smaller. Before bringing into the F6rderorgan the plastic is &lt on a Komgr6Be; 30 mm, in particular < , cuts 10 mm up, then a particularly small portion of Flfissigkeit is necessary for the pressure tight sealing, whereby still another small energy expenditure is efforderlich with cutting the plastic up. As Fliissigkeit if heavy Erd61riiekst tnde with a Viskosi t is added yon cSt, in particular 5,000 to 100,000 to 200 to 500,000 cSt, with 100 °C the solid, then partial softening and/or Atffqnellen of the plastic arises to its Oberflitche, whereby by the kneading procedure in the F6rderorgan firm particle, as for example sand od. such are taken up, to the Oberfl che, thus dab these particles into the gap between snail and does not hollow cylinder-wall-like not to arrive, whereby the abrasion WAD also the power consumption of the F0tderorganes can be kept particularly small. Become the partikulierten plastics and the Fltissigkeit in the Verh mis 5: 1 to 1: 5, in particular 3: 1 to 1: 1, gemiseht, then is present an optimal loading of the Kunstsoffe with the Fliissigkeit, with which on the one hand the pressure build-up is rleistet within the F0rderorganes gewg and on the other hand the FIUssigkeit than sealing organ between snail and cylinder wall can work particularly giinstig. If the partikulierte plastic is besprfiht before bringing into the F6rderorgan with the Flfissigkeit, thus k n one bcsondcrs starkc Kontmktion of the necessary volume ffir the plastic to be reached, Oal either the plastic already with a small volume need be thus stored temporarily can be kept small-volumed or also the RK 396,367 B to the FOrderer the upstream mixture organ can. If the Sclmecke is gedrtickt with decrease of pressure in the F6rderorgan sealing against the AuslragsOffnung, then Drueksehwankungen in the F6rderorgan can femgehalten who DCA particularly favourably of the reactor standing under Druek. With such Drueksehwankungen if the longing corner is kept further in rotating motion, then sees to besondem fast would require-borrow operating pressure in the F&derorgan can again to construct. In the following ang iutert on the basis the Zeiehnung the WAD of the examples n shear erl. In the Zeiehnung is represented to a Misehung a Fliel3sehema of the Veffahrens to the kontinuierliehen bring in-likes into a Dmekreaktor. With a temperature yon approx. the 150 to 250 °C dutch the line (1) pumped heavy ErdOlriiekst/tnde become into two component currents (2) and (3) divided. The component current (3) a waste heat system (4) becomes more tiber gebraeht on low temperatures, and the become z£thfliissig the Rtiekstand thereby becomes then fibre a sludge pump (5) 0aeispielsweise a Mohnopumpe) in the front designed the Tell of the demand organ (6) (an extrusion), as Misehsehneeke, metered. Teilslrom (2) we fibre that Warmetau (7) in smaller Ausmag and the received still hei WAD abgektihlt dadureh down-viscously stopped river (8) fibre a Dtisensystem (9) on into the task pit more tiber the line (10) falling KunststoffabfaUe aufgespriiht. With employment to very viscous Erd61rtiekstzlnde can those is also by Mugabe yon flux components fibre the Leitang (11) be eingesteUt. To a st&ungsfreien longing corner introduction is a Rtihrund Knetvorriehtung (12) with engine (M1) in the Aufgabeschaeht of the F6rderorganes (extrusion) (6) obtain-likes planned. The demand organ is out-arranged like that, dab both a Kfihlung of the Gehltuses and the tiber an engine (M2) swivelling longing corner (13) mOglieh is. The front longing corner part is conceived as Misehsehnecke. If the KunststoffabtValle is eingebraeht together with the ErdOlriiekst into a Wirbelsehiehtvergaser, then ausgesto the ne Misehung with a jet of the gasification means becomes from line in the Bereieh (14) of the Austrittes at the Misehorgan (lb'), distributed in the available case Wasserdarnpf with air gemiseht. With the dosage in a fixed bed gasification reactor the material used is gedriiekt unzerteilt fibre a shaping plate, if necessary with following mechanical division, in the Reactor. A MeBeinriehtung is not represented for the admission animal electrical achievement by the engine (M1), more weleher the longing corner propels. Ubersteigt the power consumption of the engine a given value, then is increased if necessary the Ktihlwasserslrom by the cylinder of the F6rderorganes and dureh the longing corner, raised thus dab the Ktihlleistung. Gleiehzeifig or in place of these MaBnahme knows aueh the mixture in extrusion a higher portion of gektihlten ErdOlrfickst the tiber Mohnopumpe (5) to be zugefiihrt. Example 1: One dureh hitndisehes segregating gewomaene Kunststoffmiillfraktion from Hausmfill with the following composition with 0,24 t/m3: Polyethylenes polypropylene polystyrene Polyvinylehlorid polyester, PP, Polyaerylate and PU Niehtkunststoffe, predominantly anorganisehen a character, Gew. - % Gew. - % Gew. - % Gew. - % Gew. - % Gew. - % warden on a KomgrOBe von< 10 mm cuts up. 100 Gewiehtsteile of these Misehung became with Gewiehtsteile wines Visbreaker Valmumrfiekstandes (Erd01rUekstandes) of wines oil Arab. Heavy with the 170 °C following characteristics in the Aufgabebeh more ter mixed: Diehte with 15 °C 1.06 (g/em3) Viscosity with 100 ° (2 13,100 (eSt). The Erd61rtiekstand exhibited the following Viskosit ten: With 80 *C 100,000 eSt 90 ¢C 30,000 eSt 100 “12 13,100 eSt 150 “12,400 eSt 180 “12,110 eSt 200 *C 55 eSt 220 “12 30 eSt 240 “12 18 est. RK 396,367 B the auger in the F6rderorgan was propelled with 35 rpm by a transmission with speed adjusted electric motor. Ftir of experimental purposes was planned within the range of the discharge end a thermocouple and a pressure absorber for the measurement of the pressure within the final range of the FSrderorganes. Ftir of experimental purposes reduced the peripheral speed of the Ktihlfliissigkeit in the Cylinder so far, 8 the temperature at the end of the demand organ yon approx. 80 °C to approx. 135 °C rose. At the same time with the Temperataranstieg the warde power consumption of the engine (M2) to the 3,4-fache increases. Through (the limit value of the power consumption yon the 1,5-fachen yore normal value the Str6mungsgeschwindigkeit of the Ktihlfltissigkeit J-berschreiten increased to the two-way and at the same time became one on 70 °C abgekiihlte mixture of the ErdOlriickstandes with Gew. - % Alt61 as flux component zwisehen auger and cylinder hollow coat eingebmcht. The temperature at the end of the F6rderorganes sank within yon 15 minutes on 91 °C, whereby the power consumption of the engine dropped to the normal value. The Dmck betmg protecting the demand procedure 21 bar. With waste of the pressure under 20 bar the snail was shifted in Schneckenachsenlltngsdchtung zar discharge opening, locked wodureh the discharge opening. Within the demand organ warde dureh turning of the snail of the Drunk again aufgebant, according to which the snail is away-driven with reaching the erwtinschten operating pressure again by the discharge opening, on which the normal demand dent out organ further is effolgt. Directly at the discharge end fibre a Leimng under Drunk yon 22 bar standing water vapour, air added was introductory. The AustragsOffnang of the demand organ mtindete into simulating a cavity the reactor is under 19 bar confessed and 250 °C was held, in which the Extrudat was zerstiiubt by relaxation of the water vapour, anch air was added to which, purely. As above Ausfiihrungen to be taken, is with heating of the plastic mixture with the Hanptkomponente Polyathylen above the KristalUtschmelzbereiches yon 105 and 135 °C a substantially increased power consumption of the demand organ bedingL by increased friction resistance between snail and Zylinderhohlwandang is verursaeht. Thus also the inorganic particles, like sand od. to such, arrive into the gap, whereby apart from the increased power consumption anch a verstarkte wear is given. During reduced discharge opening a pressure could be developed yon 29 bar with disturbanceless enterprise in the F6rderorgan. Example 2: 3 parts by weight of the KunststoffabfaUes gemliB example 1 were &lt on a KomgrOBe; cuts 15 mm up and with a part by weight a dried Klitrschlamm of the following composition: Density 0.74 g/cm3 water 33 G-ew. - &lt % KOmung; 3 mm blends. The received solid mixture became in the task pit of the F6rdereinrichtung in the Gewichtsverhllltnis 4: 1 with a Erd61riickstand B 200 of the company OMV corporation yon 120 °C the following characteristics mixes: Density (25 °C) 1.0156 g/cm3 Viskositat with 60 ° (2 62,800 Viskositilt cSt with 130 °C 141 cSt. The F6rderschnecke was speed adjusted propelled with 50 rpm as in the example 1. In the front snail part a same quantity, vie B 200 proportion of a heavy Erd61rUckstandes was metered yon the 150 °C following characteristics more tiber a Mohnopurnpe: Density with 15 °C 1.50 g/cm3 Viskositat I00 °C 400,000 cSt. This ErdOlriickstand exhibited the following Viskosi ts/Temperatur behavior: With 150 °C 3,500 cSt 180 ° (2,600 cSt 200 ° (2,230 cSt 220 °C 110 cSt 240 °C 60 eSt. RK 396,367 B the Tempemtur in dex demand unit (snail) wurd¢ dutch Kiihlung on 90 °C eingestellL the Drunk belxug bar. The Extrudat was gefOrdcrt after mechanical Zerldeinerung into dektrisch bel izt a n cavity simulating the gasification reactor yon 23 bar pressure. With this arrangement, gew lton the printing, Temperaturund Mengenverh lmissen could iibcr 100 Betriebssmnden a st6mngsfmier dosing enterprise with constant Schneckonausgangsdruck be kept upright. For the minimization of the Erd61riickstandes first the Riickstandsslrom metered in the front snail part was rosselt to do 75% g. In the Aufgabelrichter zugefiihrt¢ the quantity of the easier Erd61rfickstandes became simultaneous slowly zuriickgonommen. Only with a Verh ltnis the easy Rfickstandes to the feston material used, interfered above, yon 8: 1 came it repetitive to Betriebsst6rungen due to Dmckschwankungen into the snail part and responding druckabh the gig steered safety switching off system. After Erh0hung of the Mange of the heavy Erd61riickstandes on 75% of the initial value, metered into the front snail part, again stable Betdebsverh lltnisse could warden reached. BeisDiel 3: One proceeded similar to example 1, was demanded in place of the plastic mixture from Hausmtill however dirty Polylxopylenabf le. The Riickstandsmenge metered in the task funnel amounted to 35 Gew. - %, related to the firm KunststoffabPalle. The Kiihlmittelmenge in the Cylinder was held so small, dab the temperature at the end of the F6rderorgans 112 °C amounted to switched off, so, schlieBlich completely dab the temperature on 147 °C (Kdstallitschmelzbereich 157 o to 167 °C) rose. In both F illen could the mixture with normal capacity (< 4.8 KW with throughput yon 100 kg/h) gef6rdert become. Example 4: One proceeded similar to example 3, in place of the Polypropylenabf lle PolystyrolabP', dle (softening temperature 80 ° to 85 °C in accordance with lB Vicat B DIN 53,460) gef6rdert however verschmntzte. For troublefree demand against 22 bar the temperature was held at the snail withdrawal maximally 65 °C and 25 Gew. - % one with Gew. - Aufgespriiht % Alton (Motoren61mischnng) gefluxtem B 200 of the company OMV AG into the input funnel. Example 5: One proceeded similar to Boispiel 1, the plastic mixture from Hausmiill however 50 Gew. - &lt % of on; 10 mm cut Altgummiabf/dUen up (hauptsfichlich consisting of scrap tires) mixed. With 70 °C snail outlet temperature and of a Erd61riickstandszudosierung in the task funnel of 25 parts by weight, related to the KunststofffGurnmigemiseh, could be achieved a st0rungsfreie demand.