СПОСОБ ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАНИЯ В ПРИСУТСТВИИ ХЛОРИСТОВОДОРОДНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ ДЛЯ РЕГЕНЕРАЦИИ ЦЕННОГО МЕТАЛЛА ИЗ РУДЫ

Изобретение относится к способу выщелачивания ценного металла из руды, содержащей указанный ценный металл. Способ заключается в том, что проводят следующие стадии: выщелачивание руды в присутствии хлористоводородной кислоты с образованием растворимого хлорида металла в растворе для выщелачивания, добавление серной кислоты и/или диоксида серы в раствор для выщелачивания, регенерация твердого сульфата металла или сульфита металла из раствора для выщелачивания и регенерация хлористоводородной кислоты и непрерывное превращение по крайней мере части хлористоводородной кислоты из раствора в парообразную фазу. Затем парообразную хлористоводородную кислоту поглощают и возвращают на стадию выщелачивания. Серную кислоту и/или диоксид серы добавляют в раствор для выщелачивания в процессе выщелачивания или после него. Ценный металл обычно выбирают из группы, включающей Zn, Сu, Ti, Al, Cr, Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Pb, Na, К, Са, металлы платиновой группы и золото. Металлом в сульфате металла или сульфите металла ...

СПОСОБ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ НИКЕЛЯ И/ИЛИ КОБАЛЬТА ИЗ РУДЫ ИЛИ КОНЦЕНТРАТА

Изобретение может быть использовано для гидрометаллургического извлечения никеля и/или кобальта из руд и концентратов. Предложенный способ предусматривает окисление руды или концентрата под давлением при 130oС - 250oС в присутствии кислорода и кислого раствора, содержащего серную кислоту или сульфат металла, гидролизуемый в кислом растворе, а также ионы галогена, с получением раствора извлекаемого металла, обеспечивается удешевление процесса и повышение степени извлечения металлов. 21 з. п. ф-лы, 7 ил. , 1 табл.

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ КОМПЛЕКСНОЙ РУДЫ, СОДЕРЖАЩЕЙ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ОСНОВНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ НИОБИЙ И РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНЫЕ ЭЛЕМЕНТЫ

Изобретение относится к технологии гидрометаллургической переработки комплексных руд, содержащих в качестве основных компонентов, имеющих промышленное значение, редкоземельные элементы (РЗЭ) и ниобий. Способ включает уменьшение крупности руды методами рудоподготовки, обработку руды раствором гидроксида натрия с получением гидроксидного кека, обработку кека раствором минеральной кислоты с получением раствора редкоземельных элементов и ниобийсодержащего кека, обработку ниобийсодержащего кека с получением пентаоксида ниобия, очистку раствора редкоземельных элементов от примесей и направление редкоземельных элементов на последующее разделение. Причем ниобий извлекают из кека в раствор обработкой ниобийсодержащего кека кислым раствором, содержащим фтор-ионы. Далее осуществляют экстракционное извлечение ниобия из раствора с получением реэкстракта в виде водного раствора фторниобиевой кислоты с последующим его переводом в пентаоксид ниобия. При этом очистку раствора редкоземельных элементов проводят ...

ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ МЕТАЛЛОВ ИЗ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

Изобретение относится к извлечению редкоземельных металлов из сырьевых материалов, содержащих эти элементы. Селективное извлечение осуществляют из насыщенных маточных растворов в виде оксалатов РЗЭ. Проводят контактирование маточного раствора со щавелевой кислотой с последующим выдерживанием для осаждения оксалатов металлов. Оксалаты отделяют от обедненного РЗЭ раствора. Получающиеся в результате растворы редкоземельных элементов имеют чрезвычайно высокую чистоту и могут быть дообработаны непосредственно в цикле экстракции растворителем для отделения редкоземельных элементов или могут быть дообработаны для прямого производства 99,9% объемного концентрата гидроксидов/оксидов редкоземельных элементов. 2 н. и 21 з.п. ф-лы, 12 ил., 5 табл.

СПОСОБ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ ОТХОДОВ В ВИДЕ ФОСФОГИПСА С ПОЛУЧЕНИЕМ ДВУХКОМПОНЕНТНОГО ЦЕЛЕВОГО ПРОДУКТА

Изобретение относится к переработке отходов фосфогипсового сырья и вторичных отходов его переработки с целью получения удобрения и фосфатного цементного вяжущего. Фосфогипсовое сырье обрабатывают в реакторе смешанным раствором серной и фосфорной кислот с получением жидкой и твердой фаз. Полученный материал разделяют на твердую фазу и жидкую фазу в виде первого фильтрата. Твердую фазу обрабатывают водой с образованием суспензии, которую разделяют на твердую фазу в виде промытого гипсосодержащего материала и жидкую фазу в виде второго фильтрата. Объединяют первый и второй фильтраты с получением кислого раствора. Кислый раствор последовательно пропускают через ионообменный фильтр с катионитом для концентрирования на нем редкоземельных элементов и через ионообменный фильтр с анионитом для концентрирования на нем радиоактивных элементов и дополнительного концентрирования редкоземельных элементов. Остаточный кислотный фильтрат используют в качестве первого компонента двухкомпонентного целевого ...

Способ комплексной переработки титансодержащего минерального сырья

Изобретение может быть использовано в химической промышленности. При переработке исходного титансодержащего минерального сырья его увлажняют и смешивают с гидродифторидом аммония в стехиометрическом соотношении. Далее нагревают до температуры 108-130°C при перемешивании в течение 40-60 мин. Затем выщелачивают 15-18%-ным раствором фторида аммония при температуре 70-75°C и Т:Ж=1:100. Полученный нерастворимый осадок фтораммонийных солей железа отделяют от раствора фильтрованием и отмывают 10%-ным раствором фторида аммония при температуре 70-75°C. Декантацией отделяют от осадка более тяжелые частицы непрореагировавшего исходного минерального сырья. Полученный после фильтрации декантанта раствор, содержащий фторотитанат аммония, объединяют с раствором, отфильтрованным после выщелачивания, и подвергают доочистке от железа. Доочистку проводят путем частичного гидролиза 25%-ным раствором аммиака, который постепенно добавляют к фильтрату до pH 6,5-7,5 при температуре около 75°C. Далее проводят гидролиз ...

СПОСОБ ВЫДЕЛЕНИЯ, ЭКСТРАКЦИИ И ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ НИКЕЛЯ, КОБАЛЬТА И МЕДИ ИЗ СУЛЬФИДНОГО ФЛОТАЦИОННОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА, СТИМУЛИРУЕМОГО ХЛОРОМ, ПУТЕМ ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНОГО ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАНИЯ СЕРНОЙ КИСЛОТОЙ ПОД ДАВЛЕНИЕМ

Изобретение относится к гидрометаллургическому способу выделения, экстракции и извлечения ценных компонентов никеля, кобальта и меди из сульфидного флотационного концентрата. Способ включает стадии получения суспензии флотационного концентрата в серной кислоте, причем суспендированный флотационный концентрат подвергают выщелачиванию с использованием хлора при атмосферном давлении с последующим окислительным выщелачиванием под давлением при повышенной температуре в кислотной среде. После разделения жидких и твердых веществ, очистки и удаления кобальта раствор, содержащий никель, непосредственно подвергают электролизу, чтобы извлечь из него катодный никель. Способ позволяет повысить извлечение металлов, уменьшить время и число технологических стадий. 3 с. и 14 з.п. ф-лы, 3 ил., 4 табл.

Способ переработки сурьмянистого золотосодержащего катодного осадка

Изобретение относится к области металлургии благородных металлов, в частности к переработке сурьмянистого золотосодержащего катодного осадка, включающего примесные металлы в том числе сурьму, и позволяет получать лигатурное золото с минимально допустимым содержанием примесей, в соответствии с требованиями аффинажного производства для применения минимальных расценок стоимости аффинажа. Сущность предложенного решения состоит в том, что способ переработки сурьмянистого золотосодержащего катодного осадка включает выщелачивание примесей с последующей фильтрацией полученного раствора, получением фильтрата и нерастворимого золотосодержащего остатка, сушкой, окислительным обжигом и последующей плавкой нерастворимого золотосодержащего остатка, выщелачивание примесей сурьмянистого золотосодержащего катодного осадка проводят в растворе азотной кислоты и винной кислоты или по меньшей мере одной ее соли с переводом сурьмы в раствор в виде растворимого соединения, полученный при обжиге огарок шихтуют ...

СПОСОБ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, СОДЕРЖАЩИХ БЛАГОРОДНЫЕ МЕТАЛЛЫ И ЖЕЛЕЗО

Изобретение относится к металлургии цветных металлов, в частности к переработке техногенного сырья производства благородных металлов, и может быть использовано для концентрирования благородных металлов из продуктов производства, а именно из осадков аффинажа палладия. Способ переработки включает распульповку материалов, содержащих благородные металлы и железо, их выщелачивание в кислом растворе с добавлением окислителя до достижения значения окислительно-восстановительного потенциала 650-850 мВ относительно хлорсеребряного электрода сравнения и восстановительное осаждение до установления значения окислительно-восстановительного потенциала не более 600 мВ относительно хлорсеребряного электрода сравнения для осаждения золота. Способ позволяет перерабатывать материалы, содержащие благородные металлы и железо, с образованием селективных концентратов благородных металлов, пригодных для дальнейшей переработки по известным технологиям. 1 табл., 2 пр.

СПОСОБ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ И ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ГИПСА ИЗ ФОСФОГИПСА ПОЛУГИДРАТА

Изобретение относится к способу комплексной переработки апатита с извлечением и получением концентрата редкоземельных металлов (РЗМ) и строительного гипса из фосфогипса - отхода сернокислотной технологии получения фосфорной кислоты из апатита. Способ включает выщелачивание РЗМ в раствор при перекристаллизации фосфогипса из полугидрата или ангидрита сульфата кальция в дигидрат. При этом выщелачивание ведут в растворе соли кальция в концентрации 0,075-3,75 М в пересчете на Саи сильной кислоты с рК<0 в концентрации 0,2-8 М в пересчете на Н. Степень извлечения РЗМ в раствор составляет до 98%, остаточное содержание примесей фосфора, фтора и щелочных металлов в дигидрате сульфата кальция не превышает 0,3% мас., 0,1% мас., 0,05% мас. соответственно. Техническим результатом является повышение эффективности извлечения РЗМ с одновременной очисткой сульфата кальция от примесей фосфора и фтора. 3 з.п. ф-лы, 3 табл., 9 пр.

ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ МЕТАЛЛОВ ИЗ ОКСИДОВ МАРГАНЕЦСОДЕРЖАЩИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ

... 1. Способ извлечения ценных металлов из марганец-содержащих материалов, включающий стадии:a. Получения марганец-содержащих материалов, содержащих также другие металлы;b. Взаимодействия марганец-содержащих материалов с NHс образованием MnO и с высвобождением других металлов;c. Выщелачивания прореагировавших материалов с помощью минеральной кислоты с образованием солей металлов;d. Осаждения и извлечения пригодных для переработки металлов из солей металлов; иe. Осаждения и извлечения оксидов и гидроксидов марганца.2. Способ по п. 1, в котором марганец-содержащие материалы представляют собой полиметаллические конкреции, полученные из любого водоема.3. Способ по п. 2, в котором марганец-содержащие материалы представляют собой марганцевые конкреции с большой глубины.4. Способ по п. 1, в котором марганец-содержащие материалы представляют собой марганец-содержащие конкреции, извлеченные с помощью добычи под морским дном.5. Способ по п. 1, в котором марганец содержащие материалы получают посредством ...

СПОСОБ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ РЕДКОЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ И ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОГО ГИПСА ИЗ ФОСФОГИПСА ПОЛУГИДРАТА

... 1. Способ извлечения редкоземельных металлов (РЗМ) из фосфогипса, включающий последовательные стадии перекристаллизации фосфогипса и растворения РЗМ, отличающийся тем, что перекристаллизацию полугидрата или ангидрита сульфата кальция в дигидрат осуществляют в присутствии растворимой соли кальция в концентрации 0,075-3,75 М (в пересчете на Cа) в слабокислой среде (pH>1), а растворение осуществляют сильной кислотой (рК<0) в концентрации 0,2-8 М (в пересчете на Н).2. Способ по п.1, в котором в качестве соли кальция используют нитрат или хлорид кальция или их смесь, в качестве кислоты используют азотную или соляную или серную кислоту или их смесь.3. Способ по п.2, в котором перекристаллизацию проводят при 10-50°C в течение 0,25-4 ч; предпочтительно - при 20-30°C в течение 2-3 ч.

СПОСОБ ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКОГО ПАЛЛАДИЯ

Изобретение относится к способу извлечения металлического палладия. Палладийсодержащий материал, кислотный раствор, содержащий Се4+, и хлорсодержащее вспомогательное средство выщелачивания смешивают с получением смешанного раствора выщелачивания. После завершения реакции получают раствор, содержащий Pd2+, который подвергают электролизу. На катоде получают металлический палладий, а на аноде получают кислотный раствор, содержащий Се4+, который многократно используют для выщелачивания. Изобретение обеспечивает снижение воздействия на окружающую среду за счет исключения образования газа оксида азота, при этом достигается высокая степень извлечения палладия. 3 з.п. ф-лы, 12 пр.

ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ МЕТАЛЛОВ ИЗ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

СПОСОБ ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАНИЯ ОКСИДА МЕДИ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НЕЗАГРЯЗНЯЮЩЕГО ОРГАНИЧЕСКОГО ВЫЩЕЛАЧИВАЮЩЕГО АГЕНТА ВМЕСТО СЕРНОЙ КИСЛОТЫ

... 1. Гидрометаллургический способ выщелачивания окисленных медных руд, который позволяет изготавливать медные катоды, листы или цементационную медь, использует органический незагрязняющий выщелачивающий агент и включает в себя следующие стадии:a) выщелачивание окисленной медной руды, при этом добытую руду подвергают первичному, вторичному и третичному размолу для ее классификации, затем подают на агломерацию для пропитки ее выщелачивающим агентом, который представляет собой водный раствор, состоящий из трикарбоновой кислоты (СНО) в смеси с водой (HO), и имеет рН в диапазоне от 1,0 до 5,0, пропитанную руду транспортируют и укладывают в штабели для выщелачивания, которые орошают указанным выщелачивающим агентом, при этом орошение проводят, разделив штабели на секторы, которые последовательно орошают выщелачивающим агентом, что позволяет получить концентрированный цитрат меди;b) электроосаждение полученного цитрата меди, который подают с определенной скоростью в электролизные ванны, в которых ...

Verfahren zum Extrahieren von Wolfram aus Scheelit

Es ist ein Verfahren zum Extrahieren von Wolfram aus Scheelit vorgesehen. Dieses umfasst: Einbringen von Mischsäure bestehend aus Schwefelsäure und Phosphorsäure in einen Dekompositionsreaktor, Aufheizen auf 70100°C und dann Zugabe von Scheelit, Beibehalten des Feststoff-Flüssigkeitsverhältnisses auf 3:1-8:1 L/kg, Filter nach 16 h der Reaktion, Kristallisieren des gewonnenen Filtrats, das mit Schwefelsäure kompensiert wird, die durch die Reaktion verbraucht wurde, um einen Phosphorwolframsäure-Kristall zu gewinnen, Auflösen des Phosphorwolframsäure-Kristalls in Wasser und Transformieren desselben, um eine Ammoniumwolframatlösung zu gewinnen, mit 200300 g/L WO3, was zum Herstellen des APW benutzt wird, während die gewonnene Kristall-Mutterflüssigkeit nach dem Kompensieren von Phosphorsäure und Wasser auf ein Anfangsniveau zur Erzlaugung zurückgeführt wird. Die Erfindung vermeidet Kosten des Phosphor-Beseitigungsreagens und den Verlust des Wolframs, ist in der Lage Scheelit bei Normaldruck ...

Recovering refractory metal compounds - from a concentrate containing these com-

The concentrate contg. the refractory metal compsn. is mixed with a composition of sulphur and alkaline metal. The mixture is heated sufficiently to melt it, and long enough to form a water-soluble reaction product of thio-refractory metal and alkaline metal, and a residue which is non-soluble in water. The refractory metal is recovered from the water-soluble reaction product of thio-refractory metal and alkaline metal.

VON CHLORIDIONEN UNTERSTÜZTE HYDROMETALLURGISCHE EXTRAKTION VON KUPFER AUS SULFIDERZROHSTOFFEN

Process for recovery of nickel and magnesium from a naturally occuring material

Process for converting into soluble salts lead and other metals contained in lead bearing ores

Lead-bearing ores are roasted at say 460-490 DEG C. in the presence of a small quantity of calcium sulphate and of an alkali or alkaline-earth chloride, the quantity of the latter employed being preferably much less than is required for chlorination of the whole of the lead present. The roasted ore is then treated with a strong acid such as hydrochloric or sulphuric acid to decompose any unconverted sulphide or residual oxide, and then with brine, say at 85-100 DEG C. to extract lead and silver as chlorides. Copper and zinc, if present, are first extracted from the acid-treated product by lixiviation. From the chloride solution silver is separated as by spongy lead, and lead chloride recovered by cooling and crystallization.

OBTAINING AQUEOUS SOLUTION FROM METAL OXIDE

TREATMENT OF ORES OR METALLURGICAL BY-PRODUCTS CONTAINING ARSENIC AND ANTIMONY

... 1515596 Removal of arsenic and antimony from ores METALLURGIEHOBOKEN-OVERPELT 1 April 1976 [1 April 1975 14 May 1975] 13244/76 Heading C1A Ores or metallurgical by-products containing As and Sb are leached in acid solution at 20-200‹C under pressure with oxygen, or gas containing free oxygen, and arsenic and/or phosphorus are added to give the molar ratio of (As + 4P): Sb of at least 8 in the leach mixture. The arsenic and antimony dissolved in the leach solution may be simultaneously or separately extracted in liquid-liquid extraction processes by varying the quantity of phosphoric acid ester, phosphorous, phosphoric or phosphinous acid esters and organophosphoric compounds which are used as extractants combined with 2-30% by volume of an alkylated 8- hydroxyquinoline and inert organic diluents. After extraction, the organic liquor may be regenerated by treatment with a base or reducing agent. Co, Ni and Cu are dissolved as sulphates when speiss is leached with H 2 SO 4 + (H 3 AsO 4 or ...

Heap leaching method

PRODUCTION OF METAL FROM MINERALS

Chloride heap leaching

A METHOD OF RECOVERING BASE METALS FROM LOW GRADE ORES AND RESIDUES

Production of metal from minerals

A process for production ...

A METHOD OF RECOVERING BASE METALS FROM LOW GRADE ORES AND RESIDUES

Chloride heap leaching.

HEAP LEACHING METHOD

PRODUCTION OF METAL FROM MINERALS

Method of oxidative leaching of sulfide ores and/or concentrates

Recovery of nickel

Chloride heap leaching

Heap leaching method

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

MANGANESE ORE BENEFICIATION PROCESS

Dissolution and recovery of at least one element NB or TA and of at least one other element U or rare earth elements form ores and concentrates

Method of oxidative leaching of sulfide ores and/or concentrates.

Chloride heap leaching

Recovery of nickel

A method for extracting from the non-ferrous roasted ore metals.

Carbon catalyzed leaching of metal-containing oresin ferric sulphate or sulphuric acid solution.

Process for the enrichment of chromite and other materials ferruginous.

Process of non-ferrous metal extraction.

Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction ofmetal

MANGANESE ORE BENEFICIATION PROCESS

Recovery of nickel

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

Recovery of nickel

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

MANGANESE ORE BENEFICIATION PROCESS

A METHOD OF RECOVERING BASE METALS FROM LOW GRADE ORES AND RESIDUES

VERFAHREN ZUR AUFARBEITUNG VON BUNTMETALL- HYDROXIDSCHLAMM-ABFAELLEN

PROCEDURE FOR OXIDIZING LYING OF SULFIDI ORES

METHOD FOR CLEANING AND RECOVERING METAL MERCURY FROM ROASTING GASES CONTAINING IT

Method for recovering gold from an ore or a refining intermediate containing gold

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering gold in an ore or a refining intermediate by sufficiently leaching gold in a raw material resulting from the ore or the refining intermediate in an acidic solution containing a copper ion, an iron ion and a halide ion, which can contribute to improve the recovery rate of gold. Provided is a method for recovering gold from an ore or a refining intermediate containing gold, the method comprising a step of contacting a gold-containing raw material obtained from the ore or the refining intermediate with an acidic solution containing a copper ion, an iron ion and a halide ion while supplying an oxidizing agent to leach the gold component in the raw material, and the halide ion in the acidic solution comprising at least a bromide ion, wherein the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is 100 g/L or more or the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is less than 100 g/L, and wherein when ...

Solid-state catalysts for low or moderate temperature leach applications and methods thereof

A method for removing sulfate iron-containing compounds from a low- to moderate-temperature metal sulfide leach circuit (1) is disclosed. A reactor (6) within a chloride leach circuit (5) and which is preferably maintained at a temperature between 20 and 150 degrees Celsius may be provided with a catalyst (4) comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: colloidal hematite, colloidal goethite, particulate containing FeOOH, particulate containing α-FeOOH, particulate containing γ-FeOOH, particulate containing Fe ...

Solid-state catalysts for low or moderate temperature leach applications and methods thereof

A method for removing sulfate iron-containing compounds from a low- to moderate-temperature metal sulfide leach circuit (1) is disclosed. A reactor (6) within a chloride leach circuit (5) and which is preferably maintained at a temperature between 20 and 150 degrees Celsius may be provided with a catalyst (4) comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: colloidal hematite, colloidal goethite, particulate containing FeOOH, particulate containing α-FeOOH, particulate containing γ-FeOOH, particulate containing Fe ...

Method of mineral recovery

A process for the selective recovery of lithium values from feedstock is provided. The process includes concentration by one or more of air classification and flotation; selective leaching to remove Mg, Ca or Na formations; and leaching/sonication with an acid. Further, a method of beneficiating a lithium-containing ore is provided treating an aqueous pulp of the lithium-containing ore with a conditioning reagent; and floating, lithium values fraction of the lithium-containing ore from gangue slimes, wherein the treating improves the selectivity of an anionic collector to one or more of spodumene and said lithium values. Further, a process for the selective recovery of lithium from lithium ion batteries is provided.

Recovery of metals from pyrite

A process is disclosed for the recovery of a metal from a pyrite-bearing material. The process comprises thermally decomposing the pyrite-bearing material so as to produce a material comprising pyrrhotite (FeS). The process also comprises leaching the material comprising pyrrhotite with an acid such that the iron in the pyrrhotite is oxidised to a +3 oxidation state, elemental sulphur is produced and the metal is released from the pyrite-bearing material.

Process for acidic leaching of precious and chalcophile metals

A process for recovery of one or more elements, selected from precious metals and chalcophile metals as herein defined, from materials containing precious and/or chalcophile metal/s, said process including: (i) a leaching step comprising contacting the material with an acidic solution containing a lixiviant comprising an aqueous amino acid-thiourea compound formed from an amino acid (as herein defined) and thiourea (as herein defined), in order to form a leachate containing the precious metal and/or chalcophile metal; and (ii) a recovery step comprising recovering the precious metal and/or chalcophile metal from the leachate.

Process for recovery of nickel and cobalt by heap leaching of low grade nickel or cobalt containing material

Method for the treatment of copper-bearing materials

RECOVERING METALS FROM SULFIDIC MATERIALS

Processes for recovering rare earth elements from aluminum-bearing materials

The present disclosure relates to processes for recovering rare earth elements from an aluminum-bearing material. The processes can comprise leaching the aluminum-bearing material with an acid so as to obtain a leachate comprising at least one aluminum ion, at least one iron ion, at least one rare earth element, and a solid, and separating the leachate from the solid. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing at least one of the at least one aluminum ion and the at least one iron ion from the leachate and optionally obtaining a precipitate. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing the at least one rare earth element from the leachate and/or the precipitate.

Processes for recovering rare earth elements from aluminum-bearing materials

The present disclosure relates to processes for recovering rare earth elements from an aluminum-bearing material. The processes can comprise leaching the aluminum-bearing material with an acid so as to obtain a leachate comprising at least one aluminum ion, at least one iron ion, at least one rare earth element, and a solid, and separating the leachate from the solid. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing at least one of the at least one aluminum ion and the at least one iron ion from the leachate and optionally obtaining a precipitate. The processes can also comprise substantially selectively removing the at least one rare earth element from the leachate and/or the precipitate.

Method of oxidative leaching of sulfide ores and/or concentrates

A method for leaching one or more target metals from a sulfide ore and/or concentrate containing such, the method comprising the steps of: (a) Exposing the ore and/or concentrate to an aqueous solution of chlorine-based oxidising species in which the hypochlorous acid comprises at least 10 mol% of the chlorine-based oxidising species; (b) Allowing and/or facilitating the oxidation of the target metals by the hypochlorous acid, thereby decreasing the pH such that the predominant chlorine-based oxidising species becomes chlorine; (c) Allowing and/or facilitating the oxidation of the target metals by the chlorine; (d) Allowing and/or facilitating the dissolution of the target metals by the solution species formed during the oxidation by hypochlorous acid and / or chlorine; and (e) Passing the pregnant solution produced thereby to a means for metal recovery.

Compounds and methods to isolate gold

Methods for recovering gold from gold-bearing materials are provided. The methods rely upon on the self-assembly of KAuBr ...

Method for manufacturing hematite for iron manufacture

Provided is a manufacturing method for hematite for steel manufacture in which conventional Ca based neutralizing agents and neutralizing agents, other than Ca-based ones, derived from base rock can be used in actual operations for refining hematite, with a low sulfur component of an extent that can be used in raw materials for manufacturing iron, from leach residue containing iron oxide produced in an HPAL process. The manufacturing method for (high purity) hematite for iron manufacture is in a process for leaching out valuable metals under high temperature and high pressure in which process a mineral acid and an oxidizing agent are added to iron ore that contains iron and valuable metals, and is characterized by manufacturing via: (1) a high pressure acid leaching step; (2) a preliminary neutralizing step; (3) a solid-liquid separation step 1; (4) a neutralizing step; (5) a neutralizing step 2; (6) a solid-liquid separation step 3; (7) a process for adding part of an Fe rich slurry as ...

Method for recovering phosphorus and rare earth from rare earth-containing phosphate ore, and substance containing rare earth phosphate

Provided are a method for recovering phosphorus and a rare earth from a rare earth-containing phosphate ore, and a substance containing a rare earth phosphate. The method comprises: step S1, leaching the rare earth phosphate ore by using a solution containing phosphoric acid, to obtain an acid-leached residue and a leachate; and step S2, subjecting the leachate to an ageing treatment so as to obtain a rare earth phosphate precipitate. The reaction temperature of step S2 is higher than the reaction temperature of step S1. The rare earth phosphate ore is acid leached by using a solution containing phosphoric acid at a relatively low reaction temperature, and then the leachate is subjected to an ageing treatment at a relatively high temperature, such that the rare earth ions form a rare earth phosphate precipitate, thereby achieving the efficient separation and recovery of the rare earth and phosphorus.

Use of novel compounds for selectively extracting rare earths from aqueous solutions including phosphoric acid and associated extraction method

The invention relates to the use, as an extraction agent for extracting at least one rare earth from an aqueous phase including phosphoric acid, of at least one compound of the following general formula (I): where n is an integer equal to 0, 1 or 2; R ...

Method of leaching copper from copper sulfide ore and method of evaluating iodine loss content of column leaching test of the copper sulfide ore

A method of leaching copper from a copper sulfide ore which includes adding a potential adjustment agent for lowering a potential of a leaching solution obtained after leaching copper from the copper sulfide ore by using iodide ion and iron (III) ion, the leaching solution being stored in a tank for storing the leaching solution.

Processing of sulfidic ores

A process is disclosed that enables a precious metal to be recovered from a sulfidic material. The process is particularly suited to treating single- and double-refractory pyritic materials such as pyrites and arsenopyrites. The process comprises the preparation of an acidic aqueous metal halide solution that has an oxidation potential that is sufficient to oxidise the 5 sulfidic material, with the metal of the metal halide able to function as a multi-valent species during oxidation of the sulfidic material. The sulfidic material is introduced into the acidic aqueous metal halide solution and the oxidation potential is controlled such that the sulfidic material is oxidised, the metal of the metal halide is reduced to a lower valent state, but such that the precious metal is generally not oxidised. The metal of the metal halide is oxidised to a 10 higher valent state, and a residue that comprises the precious metal is separated from the solution for its subsequent recovery.

POLYMER SUPPORT AND METHOD OF LEACHING OF MINERALS CONCENTRATES

The present invention refers to a polymeric support capable of agglomerating mineral concentrates and to a method of leaching which includes said support, suitable for recovering metal values of mineral concentrates highly recalcitrant to the leaching.

Method for the leaching of a metal sulfide

A method (10) for the leaching of a metal sulfide, the method characterised by the steps of: combining a metal sulfide (12) with water to form a slurry (13); directing the slurry (13) to an autoclave (14) for acid leaching at elevated temperature and pressure; adding an oxidant (16) to the autoclave (14); and adding a metal powder (18) to the autoclave (14), whereby the addition of the metal powder (18) reduces a residual acid concentration in a pregnant leach solution (20) that exits the autoclave (14).

Method for the leaching of a metal sulfide

A method (10) for the leaching of a metal sulfide, the method characterised by the steps of: combining a metal sulfide (12) with water to form a slurry (13); directing the slurry (13) to an autoclave (14) for acid leaching at elevated temperature and pressure; adding an oxidant (16) to the autoclave (14); and adding a metal powder (18) to the autoclave (14), whereby the addition of the metal powder (18) reduces a residual acid concentration in a pregnant leach solution (20) that exits the autoclave (14).

Multi-stage leaching process

Method for leaching copper oxide, replacing sulfuric acid with a non-polluting organic leaching agent

The invention relates to a method for leaching copper oxide without using sulfuric acid, comprising the following steps consisting in: impregnating the copper oxide using a non-polluting organic leaching agent consisting of an aqueous solution formed by tricarboxylic acid (C6H807) combined with water in a mixture having an acidity varying between a pH of 1 and 5; obtaining copper citrate; and, optionally, again irrigating the copper oxide impregnated with the non-polluting organic leaching agent, thereby obtaining a more concentrated copper citrate.

Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of metal

Method for cleaning and recovering metal mercury from roasting gases containing it

Chloride assisted hydrometallurgical extraction of copper from sulphide ore materials

Base metal recovery

PRESSURE OXIDATION LEACH OF NON FERROUS METAL SULPHIDES

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF NICKEL AND/OR COBALT FROM A CONCENTRATE

A process for the recovery of nickel and/or cobalt values from a concentrate containing nickel or cobalt hydroxide comprises the steps of subjecting the concentrate to a leaching stage with an ammonium solution to produce a leach solution containing nickel and/or cobalt values and a residue. The nickel concentration in the leach solution is controlled to a maximum value of about 3 to 25 g/l, preferably 8 to 15 g/l and more preferably 10 g/l.

METHOD OF ACID LEACHING OF SILICATES

Method of leaching of the metal contents in natural silicates by means of mineral acids for production of a metal-containing leaching liquid and a solid residue where the silicate in first crushed to a grain size above 0.1 mm and leached for such a period that there is formed a solid residue consisting chiefly of silica where the separate particles or grains do not change the size or shape in the course of the leaching process. The silicate to be leached may be anorthosite or olivinrich rock and the solid residue from the leaching process may be utilized for building material, as a source for silicon in industrial processes especially ceramic and chemical industry, as catalysator or carrier of catalysators or as absorbing material.

LEACHING SULFIDE CONCENTRATES

RECOVERY OF NICKEL AND COBALT VALUES FROM A SULFIDIC FLOTATION CONCENTRATE BY CHLORIDE ASSISTED OXIDATIVE PRESSURE LEACHING IN SULFURIC ACID

There is provided a process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt values from a sulfidic flotation concentrate. The process involves forming a slurry of the flotation concentrate in a sulfuric acid solution, and subjecting the slurried flotation concentrate to a chlorine leach at atmospheric pressure followed by an oxidative pressure leach at elevated temperature under acidic conditions. After liquid-solids separation, purification and cobalt removal, the nickel- containing solution is directly treated by electrowinning to recover nickel cathode therefrom.

AQUEOUS OXIDATION OF NON-FERROUS SULFIDE MINERALS

METHODS FOR CONTROLLING IRON VIA MAGNETITE FORMATION IN HYDROMETALLURGICAL PROCESSES

A method of controlling iron in a hydrometallurgical process is disclosed. The method may comprise the steps of: leaching (14, 114) a feed slurry (2, 102); forming a pregnant leach solution (12a, 12b; 112a, 112b); removing a first leach residue (18, 118) from the pregnant leach solution (12a, 12b); and sending a portion (12b, 112b) of the pregnant leach solution (12a, 12b) and/or raffinate (22, 122) produced therefrom, to an iron removal process (34, 134). According to some preferred embodiments, the iron removal process (34, 134) may comprise the steps of: sequentially processing the pregnant leach solution (12a, 12b) and/or raffinate (22, 122) produced therefrom in a first reactor (R1), a second reactor (R2), and a third reactor (R3); maintaining a pH level of the first reactor (R1) above 4, by virtue of the addition of a first base; maintaining a pH level of the second (R2) and/or third (R3) reactors above 8.5, by virtue of a second base; and forming solids (46) comprising magnetite ...

RECOVERY OF A METAL FROM OXIDIZED ORES AND PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SULPHIDE ORES AND OTHER COMPOSITIONS OF VALUABLE ORE

The invention relates to a method for separating and recovering at least one metal from a source of primary and secondary sulphurated minerals and/or oxidised minerals, comprising determining and altering the dielectric constant values of the mineral source.

METHODS, MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES FOR PRECIOUS METAL RECOVERY

An aqueous-based leaching solution for precious metal, the leaching solution comprising iodide salt material; and carboxylic acid material, the leaching solution being made by a process including the step of passing a first mixture through an electrochemical cell until a measured oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is at least 540 mV, the first mixture including iodide salt material, carboxylic acid material and water.

HIGH TEMPERATURE LEACHING OF SULFIDE ORES

OXIDATIVE LEACH PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF HYDRO-CARBONS AND THE EXTRACTION OF METALS

The invention relates generally to an improved electrochemical method for winning platinum group and other precious metals, and/or extracting hydrocarbons from oil deposits. In particular, the method utilizes an oxidative leach process for recovering hydro-carbons oil deposits such as oil sands, oil shales and conventional oil deposits, and extracting metals held in these bodies including the asphaltenes therein. The method converts the hydrocarbons into alcohols, glycols and other water soluble hydrocarbons. By so doing, the metals held by the asphaltenes are freed, either physically or chemically, so that these metals can be lixiviated by the oxidative leach process.

COPPER LEACHING PROCESS

Provided is a process to decrease leaching times of primary and secondary crushed copper minerals with a defined particle size which includes a first agglomeration step, a second curing step, a third leaching step and a forth washing step.

PROCESS FOR OBTAINING LITHIUM FROM ALUMINOSILICATES AND INTERMEDIATE COMPOUNDS

Process for obtaining lithium compounds and intermediate compounds, comprising the following steps: a) contacting aluminosilicate particles, for example a- spodumene, with at least one fluorine compound, for example HF, Na F or others; b) stirring the mixture increasing the temperature until reaching an appropriate temperature; c) carrying out at least a precipitation and filtration process of the mixture of step b), and, d) recovering the lithium compound. The process may comprise using HF at a concentration between 5 and 30% v/v or Na F at a concentration between 5 and 30% w/v; a solid/liquid ratio of step a) between 0.9 and 14.4% w/v; a particle size of between 29 and 200 µm. The final lithium product of the process may be lithium carbonate or lithium fluoride.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING PRECIOUS METALS FROM MINERALS

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating precious metals, especially platinum group metals and gold and silver,and optionally base metals from a starting material containing the same by a combination of pressure oxidative leaching and atmospheric halide leaching.

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

A method for extracting and separating rare earth elements comprising providing a rare earth-containing ore or tailings, grinding the rare earth-containing ore to form powdered ore; leaching powered ore with at least one mineral acid, forming a leach solution comprising at least one metal ion, rare earth elements and a solid material, separating solid material from the leach solution to form aqueous-metal concentrate, precipitating the aqueous-metal concentrate to selectively remove the metal ion from the leach solution and obtain a precipitate of rare earth elements; heating the precipitate of rare earth elements in air to form oxide of rare earth elements, mixing the oxide of rare earth elements with an ammonium salt and heating in a dry air/nitrogen, forming a mixture of anhydrous rare earth salts in an aqueous solution, and separating rare earth elements from the aqueous solution by means of an electrowinning process.

ION EXCHANGE RESIN AND METHOD FOR ADSORBING AND SEPARATING METAL

Provided is a system for efficiently recovering trace metal from a large amount of a raw material, such as when trace metal is recovered from nickel oxide ore. This ion exchange resin has, on a carrier, an amide derivative represented by the following general formula. In the formula, R1 and R2 represent the same or different alkyl groups, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an arbitrary group, other than an amino group, bonded to a carbon as an amino acid. The amide derivative is preferably a glycineamide derivative. The carrier preferably includes a primary amine and/or a secondary amine.

Rhenium recovery

There is provided a hydrometallurgical process of recovering rhenium values from mixtures thereof with other metal values in which the rhenium values constitute a minority amount, for example super-alloys, which comprises subjecting the mixture to strongly oxidizing acid conditions, preferably an aqueous mixture of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, so as to form perrhenate species of at least the major proportion of the rhenium values in the mixture, dissolving the perrhenate species and other soluble metal species in aqueous solution, removing insoluble metal species from the aqueous solution, and isolating the rhenium species from the solution.

Polyhalite IMI Process For KNO3 Production

A process for producing KNO3 from polyhalite to is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the process comprises steps of (a) contacting polyhalite with HNO3; (b) adding Ca(OH)2 to the solution, thereby precipitating as CaSO4 at least part of the sulfate present in said solution; (c) precipitating as Mg(OH)2 at least part of the Mg2+ remaining in said solution by further addition of Ca(OH)2 to the remaining solution; (d) concentrating the solution, thereby precipitating as a sulfate compound at least part of the sulfate remaining in solution; (e) separating at least part of the NaCl from the solution remaining; and (f) crystallizing as solid KNO3 at least part of the K+ and NO3-contained in the solution. The process enables direct conversion of polyhalite to KNO3 of purity exceeding 98.5% and that is essentially free of magnesium and sulfate impurities.

Method of leaching copper and gold from sulfide ores

Disclosed is a method of leaching copper and gold from sulfide ores, which includes Process (1) of bringing a first aqueous acidic solution which contains chlorine ion, copper ion and iron ion, but no bromine ion, into contact with sulfide ores under supply of an oxidizing agent, so as to leach copper component contained in the sulfide ores; Process (2) of separating, by solid-liquid separation, a leaching reaction liquid obtained in Process (1), into a leaching residue and a leachate; and Process (3) of bringing a second aqueous acidic solution which contains chlorine ion, bromine ion, copper ion and iron ion, into contact with the leaching residue obtained in Process (2) under supply of an oxidizing agent, so as to leach gold contained in the leaching residue.

Systems for acid digestion processes

A system for recovering rare earth elements from coal ash includes a leaching reactor, an ash dryer downstream of the leaching reactor, and a roaster downstream of the ash dryer that is cooperatively connected to both the leaching reactor and the ash dryer. Coal ash is mixed with an acid stream such that rare earth elements present in the coal ash are dissolved in the acid stream, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements and (ii) leached ash. The leachate is heated to obtain acid vapor and an acid-soluble rare earth concentrate. Mixing of the coal ash with the acid stream can occur in a leaching reactor and heating of the leachate can occur in a roaster. The acid-soluble rare earth concentrate can be fed to a hydrometallurgical process to separate and purify the rare earth elements.

METHODS FOR RECOVERY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM COAL

Methods of recovering rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium from coal are described. The coal is dissolved in a first solvent to dissolve organic material in the coal and create a slurry containing coal ash enriched with rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium. The enriched coal ash is separated from the first solvent. Residual organic material is removed from the coal ash. The rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium can then be recovered from the coal ash. The coal ash is mixed with an acid stream that dissolves the rare earth elements, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements and (ii) leached ash. The leachate is heated to obtain acid vapor and an acid-soluble rare earth concentrate. The acid-soluble rare earth concentrate can be fed to a hydrometallurgical process to separate and purify the rare earth elements. 1. A method of recovering rare earth elements from coal , comprising:dissolving coal in a first solvent to dissolve organic material in the coal and create a slurry containing coal ash enriched with rare earth elements;separating the coal ash from the first solvent;removing residual organic material from the coal ash; andrecovering the rare earth elements from the coal ash.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is a bio-based hydrogen transfer solvent.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first solvent is soybean oil.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by washing the coal ash with a second solvent that is different from the first solvent.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the second solvent is tetrahydrofuran.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by burning the coal ash at a temperature of about 300° C. to about 600° C.; orwherein the residual organic material is removed from the coal ash by comminution, froth flotation, or gravimetric separation.7. The method of claim 1 , ...

Method of Recovering Nickel or Cobalt While Mitigating Corrosion

There is provided a method of recovering at least one target metal which is adhered to a stainless steel surface, while mitigating corrosion to the stainless steel surface. The target metal is nickel or cobalt. The method comprises contacting an operative aqueous treatment solution with an operative solid material adhered to a stainless steel surface. The target metal is nickel or cobalt. The operative solid material includes at least one target metal, and at least a fraction of the at least one target metal of the operative solid material is disposed in metallic form. The operative aqueous treatment solution includes soluble treatment material, wherein the soluble treatment material includes nitric acid and copper-comprising material. 1. A method of effecting recovering at least one target metal from an operative solid material which is adhered to a stainless steel surface , comprising:contacting an operative aqueous treatment solution with an operative solid material coupled to a stainless steel surface, wherein the operative solid material includes at least one target metal, and at least a fraction of the at least one target metal of the operative solid material is disposed in metallic form, wherein the target metal is nickel or cobalt;wherein the operative aqueous treatment solution includes treatment material, and wherein the treatment material includes nitric acid and copper-comprising material2. The method as claimed in ;wherein the concentration of copper in the operative aqueous treatment solution is less than 250 milligrams per litre.3. The method as claimed in claimwherein the concentration of copper in the operative aqueous treatment solution is greater than 10 milligrams per litre.4. The method as claimed in ;wherein the concentration of copper in the operative aqueous treatment solution is greater than 100 milligrams per litre.5. The method is claimed in claim 2 , wherein the copper is in the form of cupric ions.6. The method as claimed in ;wherein the ...

Method of Processing a Pyrite-Containing Slurry

A method of processing a pyrite-containing slurry including removing pyrite from the pyrite-containing slurry and forming (i) an inert stream and (ii) a pyrite-containing material. Using the pyrite-containing material in a downstream leach step in which pyrite in the pyrite-containing material generates acid and heat that facilitates leaching a metal, such as copper or nickel or zinc or cobalt, from a metal-containing material. 1. A method of removing copper from a low-grade copper-containing material having copper sulfide minerals comprising(a) obtaining a pyrite-containing slurry from a tailings dam or directly from a tailings stream of an ore processing plant; (i) an inert stream and', '(ii) a pyrite-containing material including pyrite-containing particles;, '(b) removing pyrite from the pyrite-containing slurry by floating pyrite-containing particles and forming'}(c) mixing a low-grade copper-containing material having copper sulfide minerals with the pyrite-containing material and forming agglomerates, and 'wherein the pyrite in the pyrite-containing material generates acid and heat that facilitates leaching copper from the copper-containing material, and wherein the microbes oxidize ferrous iron to ferric iron.', '(d) leaching copper from the copper-containing material in the agglomerates from step (c) with a leach liquor and microbes,'}2. (canceled)3. The method defined in wherein the pyrite removing step (b) includes a size separation step which separates larger particles from the pyrite-containing slurry before removing pyrite from the pyrite-containing slurry.4. The method defined in wherein the pyrite removing step (b) includes reducing the size of the larger particles in a size reduction circuit and returning the reduced-sized particles to the size separation step.5. The method defined in wherein the pyrite removing step (b) includes selecting operating conditions so that pyrite particles in the pyrite-containing material have a required particle size ...

Metal Recovery by Leaching Agglomerates of Metal-Containing Material/Pyrite

A method of recovering a metal, such as copper or nickel or zinc or cobalt, from a metal-containing material, such as a metal-containing material that has been categorized by a mine operator as being “non-economic” from the perspective of recovering the metal from the material. Mixing (i) the metal-containing material and (ii) pyrite and forming agglomerates. Leaching agglomerates with a leach liquor, with pyrite generating acid and heat that facilitate recovering the metal from the metal-containing material, and forming a pregnant leach liquor containing metal. Recovering the metal from the pregnant leach liquor. 1. A method of recovering copper from a low-grade copper-containing material comprising the steps of:(a) obtaining a pyrite-containing slurry from a mine;(b) mixing (i) the low-grade copper-containing material and (ii) pyrite in, or obtained from, the pyrite-containing slurry and forming agglomerates;(c) heap leaching agglomerates from step (b) with a leach liquor and microbes, with pyrite generating acid and heat that facilitate recovering copper from the low-grade copper-containing material, and with the microbes oxidising ferrous iron to ferric iron, and forming a pregnant leach liquor containing copper; and(d) recovering copper in solution from the pregnant leach liquor.2. The method defined in wherein the low-grade copper-containing material is in the form of as-mined material or stockpiled material.3. The method defined in further includes comminuting as-mined or as-stockpiled material.4. The method defined in wherein comminuting further includes crushing as-mined or as-stockpiled material in one or more than one comminution circuit that reduces the size of the as-mined or as-stockpiled material.5. The method defined in wherein crushing further includes crushing as-mined or as-stockpiled material successively in primary claim 4 , secondary and tertiary comminution circuits.6. The method defined in further comprising mixing the low-grade copper- ...

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH-GRADE RARE EARTH CONCENTRATE FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a continuous process for treating acid mine drainage while simultaneously recovering a high-grade rare earth preconcentrate suitable for extraction of commercially valuable rare earth oxides. In a further aspect, the preconcentrate is from about 0.1% to 5% rare earth elements on a dry weight basis. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for processing the preconcentrate to generate a pregnant leach solution that does not form gels or emulsions and is suitable for processing via solvent extraction. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a system and plant for carrying out the disclosed process. In still another aspect, the disclosure relates to a composition containing rare earth elements produced by the process disclosed herein. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the raw material is raw acid mine drainage (AMD) claim 1 , an AMD precipitate (AMDp) claim 1 , or an enriched AMD precipitate (eAMDp).3. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the raw material with the first base changes the pH of the aqueous phase to from about 4.0 to about 4.5.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first base comprises NaOH claim 1 , KOH claim 1 , ammonia claim 1 , ammonium hydroxide claim 1 , calcium pellets claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , lime slurry claim 1 , or a combination thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein contacting the aqueous phase with the second base changes the pH of the aqueous phase to from about 8.0 to about 8.5.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second base comprises NaOH claim 1 , KOH claim 1 , ammonia or an ammonium compound claim 1 , calcium pellets claim 1 , quicklime claim 1 , lime slurry claim 1 , or a combination thereof.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting the REE-enriched preconcentrate with the acid changes the pH of the ...

PROCESS FOR OBTAINING LITHIUM FROM ALUMINOSILICATES AND INTERMEDIATE COMPOUNDS

Process for obtaining lithium compounds and intermediate compounds, comprising the following steps: a) contacting aluminosilicate particles, for example α-spodumene, with at least one fluorine compound, for example HF, NaF or others; b) stirring the mixture increasing the temperature until reaching an appropriate temperature; c) carrying out at least a precipitation and filtration process of the mixture of step b), and, d) recovering the lithium compound. The process may comprise using HF at a concentration between 5 and 30% v/v or NaF at a concentration between 5 and 30% w/v; a solid/liquid ratio of step a) between 0.9 and 14.4% w/v; a particle size of between 29 and 200 μm. The final lithium product of the process may be lithium carbonate or lithium fluoride. 1. Process for obtaining lithium compounds , the process comprises at least the following steps:a) contacting aluminosilicate particles with at least one fluorine compound;b) stirring the mixture while heating until reaching a temperature above 50° C.;c) carrying out at least a precipitation and filtration process of the mixture of step b); andd) recovering the lithium compounds.2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of step b) is between 75 and 220° C.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the fluorine compounds are selected from the group consisting of HF claim 1 , NaF claim 1 , KF claim 1 , NHFHF claim 1 , CaFand combinations thereof.4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein HF is present at a concentration between 5 and 30% v/v.5. The process according to claim 3 , wherein NaF is present at a concentration between 5 and 30% w/v.6. The process according to claim 3 , wherein KF is present at a concentration between 5 and 30% w/v.7. The process according to claim 3 , wherein NHFHF is present at a concentration of between 5 and 20% w/v.8. The process according to claim 3 , wherein CaFis present at a concentration of between 5 and 20% w/v.9. The process according to claim 1 , ...

Separation of terbium(iii,iv) oxide

Various embodiments relate to separation of terbium(III,IV) oxide. In various embodiments, present invention provides a method of separating terbium(III,IV) oxide from a composition. The method can include contacting a composition including terbium(III,IV) oxide and one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides with a liquid including acetic acid to form a mixture. The contacting can be effective to dissolve at least some of the one or more other trivalent rare earth oxides into the liquid. The method can include separating undissolved terbium(III,IV) oxide from the mixture, to provide separated terbium(III,IV) oxide.

TREATMENT OF NON-SULFIDIC NIKELIFEROUS RESOURCES AND RECOVERY OF METAL VALUES THEREFROM

A process for nickel concentration and extraction from non-sulfidic iron-bearing nickeliferous resources is disclosed. The process includes an atmospheric acid-based leaching treatment of the non-sulfidic iron-bearing nickeliferous resources by oxalic acid to produce a nickel concentrate comprising distinct nickel oxalate particles. The nickel concentrate is technically amenable to further chemical and physical processing to obtain various high-grade nickel products. 1. A process to extract a high-grade nickel from at least one non-sulfidic nickeliferous material comprising:reducing particle size of the at least one non-sulfidic nickeliferous material by crushing the at least one non-sulfidic nickeliferous material, wherein the at least one non-sulfidic nickeliferous material including at least one primary or secondary non-sulfidic iron-bearing nickeliferous resource in oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, and silicate forms;forming a first pulp including a first solid residue and a first leachate solution by acid leaching of the crushed non-sulfidic nickeliferous material including extracting more than 96% of iron present in the non-sulfidic nickeliferous material by leaching with an organic acid-based solution, the organic acid-based solution including an oxalic acid solution;winning a nickel concentrate from the first pulp or separating the first solid residue from the first leachate solution;forming a second solid residue and a second leachate solution by ammoniacal leaching of the nickel concentrate or the first solid residue with an ammoniacal solution, the second leachate solution including a nickel-rich solution;separating the second leachate solution from the second solid residue; andrecovering a high-grade nickel including a nickel oxalate product with a grade of more than 97 wt % from the second leachate solution.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the at least one primary or secondary non-sulfidic iron-bearing nickeliferous material includes one or more of ...

METHOD FOR INHIBITING EXTRACTANT DEGRADATION BY DILUENT AND EXTRACTANT INPUT METHOD

Provided is a method for inhibiting extractant degradation by a diluent and an extractant input manner, the method including steps of: (a) determining and analyzing the total volume of the DSX solvent when the diluent and the extractant, which are the DSX solvents, are added in the DSX process and identifying the concentration of the extractant; (b) calculating an extractant concentration according to an amount of the diluent to be added based on the analysis value of step (a), and then adding the extractant; (c) determining the ratio between the extractants through analysis after adding the extractants; (d) adding the extractant to be needed when the ratio between extractants is out of the range; and (e) adding the diluent and analyzing the ratio between the extractants. 1. A method for inhibiting extractant degradation by a diluent and an extractant input manner , the method comprising steps of:(a) determining and analyzing the total volume of a DSX solvent when the diluent and the extractant, which are the DSX solvents, are added in a DSX process and identifying the concentration of the extractant;(b) calculating an extractant concentration according to an amount of the diluent to be added based on the analysis value of step (a), and then adding the extractant;(c) determining a ratio between the extractants through analysis after adding the extractants;(d) adding the extractant to be needed when the ratio between the extractants is out of the range; and(e) adding the diluent and analyzing the ratio between the extractants.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the DSX solvent includes an oxime-based extractant and a neodecanoic acid-based extractant in addition to kerosene claim 1 , a diluent.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the extractant concentration is measured using a gas chromatography claim 2 , andwherein the oxime-based extractant concentration is measured by a method of measuring anti-oxime, and the neodecanoic acid-based extractant concentration is ...

METHOD FOR PRODUCING HIGH-PURITY SCANDIUM OXIDE

Provided is a method for obtaining high-purity scandium oxide efficiently from a solution containing scandium. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide of the present invention has a first firing step S for subjecting a solution containing scandium to oxalation treatment using oxalic acid and firing the obtained crystals of scandium oxalate at a temperature of 400 to 600° C., inclusive, a dissolution step S for dissolving the scandium compound obtained by firing in one or more solutions selected from hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to obtain a solution, a reprecipitation step S for subjecting the solution to oxalation treatment using oxalic acid and generating a reprecipitate of scandium oxalate, and a second firing step S for firing the reprecipitate of obtained scandium oxalate to obtain scandium oxide. 1. A method for producing high-purity scandium oxide , the method comprising:a first calcination step of subjecting a solution containing scandium to an oxalate formation treatment using oxalic acid and calcinating crystals of obtained scandium oxalate at a temperature of 400° C. to 600° C.;a dissolution step of dissolving a scandium compound obtained by calcinating, in at least one selected from hydrochloric acid and nitric acid to obtain a solution;a reprecipitation step of subjecting the solution to an oxalate formation treatment using oxalic acid to generate a reprecipitation product of scandium oxalate; anda second calcination step of calcinating the obtained reprecipitation product of scandium oxalate to obtain scandium oxide.2. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide according to claim 1 ,wherein in the reprecipitation step, the oxalate formation treatment is performed while a temperature of the solution is adjusted to 40° C. or higher and lower than 100° C.3. The method for producing high-purity scandium oxide according to claim 1 , wherein in the second calcination step claim 1 , the calcination is performed while a calcination ...

MOLYBDENUM RECOVERY FROM AQUEOUS NITRIC ACID SOLUTION BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION

The invention provides a method for extracting transition metals, the method comprising supplying a feedstream containing transition metal, mixing the feedstream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal, combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase, and combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase. 1. A method for extracting transition metals , the method comprising:a supplying a feed stream containing transition metal;b mixing the feed stream with nitric acid for a time and at a concentration sufficient to form an aqueous phase containing the transition metal;d combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase for a time and at a concentration sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside within the organic extractant phase; ande combining the transition metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase at a concentration and for a time sufficient to cause the transition metal to reside in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase.2. The method as recited in wherein the step of combining the aqueous phase with organic extractant phase causes at least about 96 percent of impurities within the feedstream to reside in the aqueous phase.3. The method as recited in wherein the step of combining the metal-containing organic extractant phase with an hydroxamic acid causes impurities to remain in the organic extractant phase.4. The method as recited in wherein the transition metal residing in the hydroxamic acid-containing aqueous phase is a cation of a salt or a molybdenum-AHA complex.5. The method as ...

METHOD OF PRODUCING TITANIUM FROM TITANIUM OXIDES THROUGH MAGNESIUM VAPOUR REDUCTION

Disclosed herein is a novel approach to the chemical synthesis of titanium metal from a titanium oxide source material. In the approach described herein, a titanium oxide source is reacted with Mg vapour to extract a pure Ti metal. The method disclosed herein is more scalable, cheaper, faster, and safer than prior art methods. 1. A method of producing titanium metal from titanium oxides comprising:a. providing a composition comprising a titanium oxide source in a reaction vessel;b. providing a composition comprising a Mg source in the reaction vessel;c. heating the reaction vessel to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. until a vapour of Mg is produced for at least 30 minutes to form a reaction product; andd. washing said reaction product with one or more washing media to form a washed titanium reaction product.2. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises titanium oxide powder.3. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises a natural rutile source.4. The method of wherein the composition comprising a titanium oxide source comprises an iron removed ilmenite sand.5. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder comprises TiOnanopowder.6. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder is a sub-oxide of Ti.7. The method of wherein the titanium oxide powder comprises 95% titanium oxide.8. The method of wherein the composition comprising the Mg source comprises Mg powder.9. The method of wherein the Mg powder comprises Mg nanopowder.10. The method of wherein the Mg powder comprises 99% Mg.11. The method of wherein the washed titanium reaction product has a purity of greater than 99% titanium.12. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of between 850° C. and 1000° C. for about 2 hours to form a reaction product.13. The method of wherein the reaction vessel is heated to an internal temperature of about 850° C. for about 2 hours to form ...

Method for Producing Solid Particles, Solid Particles, and the Use Thereof

The invention relates to a method for producing solid particles from an inorganic solid containing at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal, comprising at least the following steps: 115-. (canceled)16. A method for producing solid particles from an inorganic solid containing at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal , comprising at least the following steps:a) providing the inorganic solid containing at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal;b) extracting the at least one alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal from the inorganic solid containing alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal to obtain an extract containing the alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal and an alkali metal-depleted and/or alkaline earth metal-depleted residue;c) separating the extract from the residue;d) processing the residue to obtain the solid particles, wherein at least one processing step is selected from a group comprising transporting, filling, packaging, washing, drying, adjusting the pH value, separating according to a mean grain size and/or mass and/or density, adjusting a mean grain size, magnetic separating, calcining, thermal rounding and surface coating.17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the residue is a lithium-depleted and/or magnesium-depleted residue claim 16 , the residue comprising less than 7 mass % of the extracted alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal.18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the residue is a lithium-depleted and/or magnesium-depleted residue claim 16 , the residue comprising less than 1.5 mass % of the extracted alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal.19. The method according to claim 16 , wherein step d) comprises at least two of the processing steps mentioned.20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the processing steps take place separately from one another in space and/or time.21. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the solid particles have a whiteness determined according to ...

A method for extracting rare-earth metals

The present invention relates to a method for complex processing of apatite concentrate resulting in producing concentrate of rare earth metals (REM) and plaster from phosphogypsum, a waste of sulphuric acid technology for producing phosphoric acid from apatite. The method comprises leaching of REM into solution by recrystallization of hemihydrate or anhydrite of calcium sulphate into dihydrate of calcium sulphate with a soluble calcium salt at concentrations of 0.075-3.75 M (in terms of Ca 2+ ) and strong acid (pKa0) at a concentration of 0.2-8.0 M (in terms of H + ). Recovery of REM into solution is up to 98%, the residual content of impurities of phosphorus, fluorine and alkali metals in dihydrate of calcium sulphate does not exceed 0.3 wt. %, 0.1 wt. %, 0.05 wt. %, respectively.

LITHIUM ION BATTERY SCRAP TREATMENT METHOD

The present invention relates to a method for treating lithium ion battery scrap containing Li, Ni, Co, Mn, Al, Cu and Fe, the method comprising carrying out a calcination step, a crushing step and a sieving step in this order, and after the steps, the method comprising: a leaching step of leaching the lithium ion battery scrap by adding it to an acidic solution to leave at least a part of Cu as a solid; a Fe/Al removal step comprising allowing a leached solution obtained in the leaching step to pass through a Fe removal process for separating and removing Fe by addition of an oxidizing agent and an Al removal process for separating and removing a part of Al by neutralization in any order; an Al/Mn extraction step of extracting and removing a residue of Al and Mn from a separated solution obtained in the Fe/Al removal step by solvent extraction; a Co recovery step of extracting and back-extracting Co from a first extracted solution obtained in the Al/Mn extraction step by solvent extraction and recovering the Co by electrolytic winning; a Ni recovery step of extracting and back-extracting, by solvent extraction, a part of Ni from a second extracted solution obtained by the solvent extraction in the Co recovery step and recovering the Ni by electrolytic winning; a Li concentration step of extracting and back-extracting, by solvent extraction, a residue of Ni and Li from a third extracted solution obtained by the solvent extraction in the Ni recovery step and repeating the operations of the extracting and the back-extracting to concentrate Li; and a Li recovery step of carbonating Li in a Li concentrated solution obtained in the Li concentration step to recover the Li as lithium carbonate. 113-. (canceled)14. A method for treating lithium ion battery scrap containing Li , Ni , Co , Mn , Al , Cu and Fe , the method comprising carrying out a calcination step , a crushing step and a sieving step in this order , and after the steps , the method comprising:a leaching step ...

Selective removal of noble metals using acidic fluids, including fluids containing nitrate ions

The recovery of noble metal(s) from noble-metal-containing material is generally described. The noble metal(s) can be recovered selectively, in some cases, such that noble metal(s) is at least partially separated from non-noble-metal material within the material. Noble metal(s) may be recovered from noble-metal-containing material using mixtures of acids, in some instances. In some cases, the mixture can comprise nitric acid and/or another source of nitrate ions and at least one supplemental acid, such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and/or a sulfonic acid. The amount of nitrate ions within the mixture can be, in some instances, relatively small compared to the amount of supplemental acid within the mixture. In some cases, the recovery of noble metal(s) using the acid mixtures described herein can be enhanced by transporting an electric current between an electrode and the noble metal(s) of the noble-metal-containing material. In some cases, acid mixtures can be used to recover silver from particular types of scrap materials, such as scrap material comprising silver metal and cadmium oxide and/or scrap material comprising silver metal and tungsten metal.

Heap Leaching

A method of leaching chalcopyrite ores includes the steps of forming agglomerates of fragments of chalcopyrite ores and silver and leaching the agglomerates with suitable leach liquor.

SOLUBILIZATION OF SCANDIUM FROM FLUORIDE BEARING MATERIALS

A method of selectively removing scandium from a scandium and fluoride-containing feed material includes providing the scandium-containing feed material, acid leaching the scandium-containing feed material with at least one acid in a presence of at least one of an aluminum or iron containing salt to form a scandium containing stream, and purifying the scandium containing stream to form a scandium compound end product. 1. A method of selectively removing scandium from a scandium-containing feed material , comprising:providing the scandium-containing feed material;acid leaching the scandium-containing feed material with at least one acid in a presence of at least one of an aluminum or iron containing salt to form a scandium containing stream; andpurifying the scandium containing stream to form a scandium compound end product.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the aluminum containing salt or the iron containing salt is added to the scandium-containing feed material prior to the step of acid leaching.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the aluminum containing salt or the iron containing salt is dissolved in a solution comprising the least one acid.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the aluminum containing salt or the iron containing salt is separately added to a reactor vessel in which the acid leaching takes place.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one acid is selected from at least one of hydrochloric acid claim 1 , sulfuric acid and nitric acid.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium compound end product comprises scandium hydroxide claim 1 , scandium oxide claim 1 , scandium chloride claim 1 , scandium oxalate or scandium carbonate.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of purifying comprises at least one of solvent extraction claim 1 , ion exchange and stripping.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scandium-containing feed material comprises a solid material containing fluorine ...

Method for producing copper and apparatus for producing copper

A method for producing copper includes a first step of dissolving copper by adding a copper-containing material to a solution containing an oxidant, and a second step of depositing copper on a surface of a cathode by bringing a solution (A) containing the oxidant in a reduced state into contact with a solution (B) containing copper dissolved therein with a separator provided between the solution (A) and the solution (B), arranging an anode in the solution (A), arranging the cathode in the solution (B), and applying a voltage to both the electrodes, while the oxidant contained in the solution (A) is regenerated, in which the oxidant has a standard electrode potential of 1.6 V or less.

Method of Mineral Recovery

A process for the selective recovery of lithium values from feedstock is provided. The process includes concentration by one or more of air classification and flotation; selective leaching to remove Mg, Ca or Na formations; and leaching/sonication with an acid. Further, a method of beneficiating a lithium-containing ore is provided treating an aqueous pulp of the lithium-containing ore with a conditioning reagent; and floating, lithium values fraction of the lithium-containing ore from gangue slimes, wherein the treating improves the selectivity of an anionic collector to one or more of spodumene and said lithium values. Further, a process for the selective recovery of lithium from lithium ion batteries is provided. 1. A process for the selective recovery of lithium values from feedstock , the process comprising:(a) concentration by one or more of air classification and flotation;(b) selective leaching to remove one or more of Mg, Ca and Na formations; and(c) leaching/sonication with an acid.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said Mg and Ca formations are MgO and CaO respectively.3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising providing an added substance to enhance leaching.4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the substance comprises HSO.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein said selective leaching comprises using Nitric acid.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the nitric acid is used in concentrations from 10% to 90%.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acid is sulfuric acid.8. The process of claim 7 , wherein the acid is said nitric acid and the leaching/sonication is performed over a period ranging from about 5 minutes up to about 120 minutes.9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the feedstock is ultra fine clay and said period is closer to said 5 minutes.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein said step of concentration by air classification approximately doubles the concentration of said lithium values.11. The process of claim 1 , wherein said step of concentration ...

Lithium extraction method

According to the present invention there is provided a method for the extraction of lithium from one or more lithium-containing ores such as spodumene, the inventive method comprising the steps of: milling said ore/s to a predetermined average particle size; optionally calcining the milled ore; further optionally performing a secondary milling step; providing an aqueous suspension of the one or more lithium-containing ores at a predetermined solids concentration; subjecting the one or more lithium-containing ores to an aqueous extraction medium defined by a predetermined partial pressure of CO 2 , a predetermined extraction temperature, over a predetermined time; and obtaining technical grade lithium carbonate/lithium bicarbonate therefrom. Optional concentration and/or precipitation/purification steps may follow.

Method for the removal and recovery of metals and precious metals from substrates

A method for removing metal and/or precious metal-containing depositions from substrates, wherein said substrate is subjected to treatment with an organo amine protectant component P and an inorganic active component A. Component P may be formed in situ by reaction with component R. Component P is an organic amine and/or organic amine hydrochloride (preferably diisopropylamine hydrochloride), component A is an inorganic compound (preferably inorganic acid or a mixture thereof) and component R is an organic compound that can be split along the C- N bond by the component A into an organic amine (preferably di-methylformamide or N-methyl pyrrolidone). The metals in the form of organo-metallic complexes can be isolated and/or separated by means of different chemical reactions (preferably reduction reactions) and/or biosorption (preferably with seaweed or yeast).

METHOD FOR RECOVERING GOLD AND COPPER FROM ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS

A method for recovering gold from electronic components includes a first macro-step of dissolving gold and copper from the electronic components using an aqueous solution comprising HNOconcentrated in a percentage varying from 28% to 38% and concentrated HCl in a percentage varying from 15% to 25%. A second macro-step includes adding KOH to the obtained solution to bring it to a pH between 0.5 and 0.9. A third macro-step includes adding to the solution obtained in the second macro-step an amount of ascorbic acid dissolved in water equal to the amount of gold hypothetically present in a sample of the first macro-step, multiplied by a factor ranging between 1.5 and 3, causing precipitation of gold, which is separated from the solution and made available in powder form in a fourth macro-step.

Method and device for recovering metal by leaching

The present disclosure provides a method for recovering metal from metal-containing waste material by leaching. In the method comprising providing aqueous solution (14), providing leaching agent precursor, providing a source of external energy (10), treating the aqueous solution (14) with the external energy (10) to form reactive species, reacting the leaching agent precursor with the reactive species to form a leaching agent and to obtain a leaching solution, providing metal-containing material, reacting the metal-containing material with the leaching solution to obtain soluble metal complexes, and recovering the metal complexes. The present disclosure also provides a device for recovering metal by leaching.

METHOD FOR LEACHING RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AND CRITICAL MINERALS FROM ORGANICALLY ASSOCIATED MATERIALS

A method for extracting rare earth elements and critical minerals including adding an acid to a mixture comprising organically bound rare earth elements. The mixture is maintained at a pH of 0.25 to 4 for a period of time, resulting in a liquor and a leached mixture. The liquor is removed from the leached mixture to form a dewatered cake. The dewatered cake is washed to form a washing liquid. The washing liquid is recycled to create a second slurry comprising organically bound rare earth elements. 1. A method for extracting rare earth elements , critical minerals , or a combination thereof , the method comprising:adding an acid to a mixture comprising organically bound rare earth elements, critical minerals, or a combination thereof to maintain a pH of the mixture from 0.25 to 4 for a period of time, resulting in a liquor and a leached mixture;removing the liquor from the leached mixture to form a dewatered cake;washing the dewatered cake to form a washing liquid; andrecycling the washing liquid to create a second mixture comprising organically bound rare earth elements, critical minerals, or a combination thereof.2. The method of wherein the mixture comprises lignite coal claim 1 , subbituminous coal claim 1 , or bituminous coal.3. The method of wherein the mixture comprises clay sands claim 1 , peat claim 1 , biomass claim 1 , crude oil or a combination thereof.4. The method of wherein the acid has a concentration greater than 30 weight percent.5. The method of wherein the acid is a mineral acid.6. The method of wherein the pH is maintained between 0.5 and 2.7. The method of wherein the pH is maintained between 2 and 3.5.8. The method of wherein the period of time is between 10 minutes and 12 hours.9. The method of wherein the pH is continuously monitored.10. The method of wherein the liquor is removed from the leached mixture by filter press.11. The method of wherein the liquor is removed from the leached mixture by centrifuge.12. The method of wherein the ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF METAL VALUES FROM SLAGS, DROSSES, AND OTHER METAL-BEARING MATERIALS

A method of recovering metal values from metal-bearing materials such as slags and drosses includes the steps of pulverizing the material to particles less than about 100 μm; leaching the pulverized material with a solution of ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, and potassium chloride; sequentially recovering at least two metals from the leachate by the addition of zinc using a sequential cementation process; and recovering zinc from the solution by electrowinning. 1. A method of recovering metal values from metal-bearing materials such as slags or drosses , comprising:pulverizing the material to particles less than about 100 μm;leaching the pulverized material with a solution of ammonium chloride and at least one alkali or alkali earth chloride;sequentially recovering at least two metals from the leachate by the addition of zinc using a sequential cementation process; andrecovering zinc from the solution by electrowinning.2. The method according to wherein the alkali and alkali earth chlorides include at least one of sodium chloride and potassium chloride.3. (canceled)4. The method according to wherein the material is pulverized to particles less than about 10 μm.5. (canceled)6. (canceled)7. The method according to wherein the leaching is conducted at about 85° C. to about 95° C.8. The method according to wherein the leaching is conducted at atmospheric pressure.9. The method according to further comprising adding sufficient mineral acid to maintain the pH of the leaching solution less than about 3.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The method according to wherein the mineral acid is at least one of HCl and HSO.13. The method according to further comprising raising the pH of leachate to about 4 to precipitate iron.14. The method according to further comprising adding COto precipitate at least one of calcium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , and manganese as a carbonate.15. The method according to further comprising passing the leachate through a crystallizer to remove ...

Methods of producing enriched scandium-47, and related systems and apparatuses

A method of producing enriched 47 Sc comprises irradiating a V structure comprising 51 V with at least one incident photon beam having an endpoint energy within a range of from about 14 MeV to about 44 MeV to convert at least some of the 51 V to 47 Sc and form a 47 Sc-containing structure. The 47 Sc of the 47 Sc-containing structure is separated from additional components of the 47 Sc-containing structure using a chromatography process. Systems and apparatuses for producing enriched 47 Sc are also described.

PROCESS FOR THE RECOVERY OF CATHODE MATERIALS IN THE RECYCLING OF BATTERIES

A process for removal of aluminium and iron in the recycling of rechargeable batteries comprising providing a leachate from black mass, adding phosphoric acid (HPO) to said leachate and adjusting the pH to form iron phosphate (FePO) and aluminium phosphate (AlPO), precipitating and removing the formed FePOand AlPO, and forming a filtrate for further recovery of cathode metals, mainly NMC-metals and lithium. 114-. (canceled)15. A process for removal of aluminum and iron in the recycling of rechargeable batteries , said process comprising:providing a leachate from black mass,{'sub': 3', '4, 'adding phosphoric acid (HPO) to the provided leachate,'}{'sub': 4', '4, 'adjusting the pH to form iron phosphate (FePO) and aluminum phosphate (AlPO),'}{'sub': 4', '4, 'precipitating and removing the formed FePOand AlPO, and'}forming a filtrate for recovery of cathode metals.16. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the rechargeable batteries are rechargeable lithium ion batteries.17. The process according to claim 15 , wherein the precipitation is performed in two steps at different pH levels.18. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the pH in a first precipitation step is adjusted to an interval of pH 1.5 to 4.19. The process according to claim 18 , wherein the interval of pH is either: 1.5 to 3.5 or 1.5 to 3.20. The process according to claim 17 , wherein the pH claim 17 , in a second step claim 17 , is adjusted to an interval of pH 2.5 to 6.5.21. The process according to claim 20 , wherein the interval of pH is either: 2.5 to 6 or 2.5 to 4.22. The process according to claim 17 , wherein crystallization seeds are added to precipitate FePOand AlPOin the first precipitation step.23. The process according to claim 22 , wherein the crystallization seeds comprise aluminum and iron phosphate crystals and wherein said seeds are added in an amount of 0.05-0.3 g/L.24. The process according to claim 23 , wherein the amount of added seeds is either 0.05-0.2 g/L or 0.05-0.15 g/ ...

Process for Gold and/or Platinum Group Metals Heap Leaching with Lime

Process for gold and/or platinum group metals heap leaching comprising irrigating a heap with an irrigation solution containing sodium cyanide for leaching gold and/or platinum group metals from a gold and/or platinum group metals containing ore. A lime reagent is added by feeding a fine particle lime suspension containing lime particles in an aqueous phase in an irrigation solution.

METHOD OF PURIFYING YTTRIUM

A method of purifying yttrium involves purifying element yttrium by high-temperature saturated dissolution, low-temperature recrystallization, high-temperature reduction and vaporization-based removal of impurities, in a simple manner, and at a low cost, such that yttrium element is unlikely to be contaminated by any raw material used in a manufacturing process. 1. A method of purifying yttrium , comprising the steps of:A: introducing excessive yttrium oxide into nitric acid to be heated up to a first temperature and stirred, followed by filtering out minute precipitate to produce saturated yttrium nitrate solution;B: cooling the saturated yttrium nitrate solution down to a second temperature, keeping the saturated yttrium nitrate solution at the second temperature for a first duration to produce solid precipitate of yttrium nitrate from the saturated yttrium nitrate solution, followed by filtering the saturated yttrium nitrate solution to obtain a first yttrium nitrate solid;C: heating up the first yttrium nitrate solid in an atmosphere which manifests fluidity and contains hydrogen gas to a third temperature, followed by keeping the first yttrium nitrate solid at the third temperature for a second duration to reduce yttrium contained in the first yttrium nitrate solid to a metallic state and thus produce liquid yttrium; andD: changing the temperature of the liquid yttrium to a fourth temperature, followed by keeping the liquid yttrium at the fourth temperature for a third duration to evaporate and effuse an impurity otherwise contained in the liquid yttrium.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is 60° C.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second temperature is 0° C.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the third temperature is 1580° C.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the fourth temperature is 1530° C.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first duration is 30 minutes.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second duration is 30 minutes.8. The ...

METHODS FOR SELECTIVE LEACHING AND EXTRACTION OF PRECIOUS METALS IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

The present application relates to methods for leaching and extraction of precious metals. For example, the present application relates to methods of leaching gold, palladium and/or platinum from a substance comprising gold, palladium and/or platinum (such as a gold-containing ore or a platinum group metal (PGM) concentrate) using an organic solvent that is water-miscible or partially water-miscible. 1. A method of leaching gold , palladium and/or platinum from a substance comprising gold , palladium and/or platinum , the method comprising contacting the substance with a mixture comprising:(a) an acid;(b) an oxidizing agent; and(c) a water-miscible or partially water-miscible organic solvent, under conditions to leach the gold, palladium and/or platinum from the substance.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises:separating the water-miscible or partially water-miscible organic solvent containing the leached gold, palladium and/or platinum from insoluble impurities; andevaporating the water-miscible or partially water-miscible organic solvent from the leached gold, palladium and/or platinum.5. (canceled)6. The method of claim 4 , wherein Rand Rtogether with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocycloalkyl or a substituted heterocycloalkyl claim 4 , wherein the heterocycloalkyl is selected from aziridinyl claim 4 , azetidinyl claim 4 , pyrrolidinyl claim 4 , piperidinyl claim 4 , azepanyl claim 4 , azocanyl claim 4 , imidazolidinyl claim 4 , oxazolidinyl claim 4 , thiazolidinyl claim 4 , piperazinyl claim 4 , hexahydropyrimidinyl claim 4 , morpholinyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-oxazinanyl claim 4 , thiomorpholinyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-thiazinanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-diazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-oxazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-thiazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,4-diazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,4-oxazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,4-thiazepanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-diazocanyl claim 4 , 1 claim 4 ,3-oxazocanyl claim 4 , 1 ...

Lithium metal recovery and synthesis

A process and system for creating a lithium ion anolyte from lithium alloys. Metal and lithium alloys are processed to remove the metal with lithium from the alloy remaining. A lithium ion anolyte formed may be used in a process to form lithium metal. Alternatively, a process and system for recovering lithium from sources such as lithium alloys and lithium metal oxides and other feedstock such as recycled batteries into a thin lithium metal film via electrodeposition in an organic electrolyte contacting both anode (holder for lithium source) and cathode (substrate for lithium deposition) in a single-compartment electrolysis cell.

METHODS OF COPPER EXTRACTION

The hydrometallurgical copper extraction processes of the present teachings generally including two steps: a conditioning or activating step using low concentrations of ammonia and ammonium in an aqueous solution; and an acid leaching step. The processes of the present teachings can be performed at low temperature, for example, at ambient temperature, and at atmospheric pressure. 1. A method of extracting copper from a copper ore or a copper concentrate , the method comprising:contacting a copper ore or a copper concentrate with an aqueous solution comprising ammonia and ammonium in the presence of an oxygen gas-containing fluid to provide a solid activated copper ore or a solid activated copper concentrate, wherein the aqueous solution has a pH between about 8 to 9.5; andleaching the solid activated copper ore or the solid activated copper concentrate with an acid to provide a pregnant leaching solution.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising recovering copper from the pregnant leaching solution.3. (canceled)4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonium is derived from one or more of ammonium carbonate claim 1 , ammonium chloride claim 1 , ammonium hydroxide claim 1 , ammonium nitrate claim 1 , and ammonium sulfate.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ammonia is derived in situ from the ammonium.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting step is carried out at atmospheric pressure.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the contacting step is carried out at a temperature ranging from ambient temperature to about 90° C.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the oxygen gas-containing fluid comprises air.9. (canceled)10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the copper ore or cooper concentrate comprises chalcopyrite.1120.-. (canceled) This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/009,017, filed on Jun. 6, 2014, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.The present teachings relate to copper ...

LEACHING OF MINERALS AND SEQUESTRATION OF CO2

A method for leaching of minerals and sequestration of COis disclosed, wherein the method comprises forming a rock pile; injecting exhaust gas containing COin the lower part of the rock pile; spraying leaching liquid on top of the rock pile; collecting enriched leaching liquid from a lower part of the rock pile; precipitating mineral carbonates from the enriched leaching liquid, or further extracting dissolved elements or compounds. 1. A method for leaching of minerals and sequestration of CO , comprising:forming a rock pile;{'sub': '2', 'injecting an emission gas comprising COinto a lower part of the rock pile;'}supplying a leaching liquid in a top part of the rock pile;collecting an enriched leaching liquid from the lower part of the rock pile, wherein the leaching liquid comprises dissolved minerals and carbonate ions.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises{'sub': '2', 'precipitating mineral carbonates from the enriched leaching liquid, thereby sequestering COin the form of solid mineral carbonates.'}3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the method further comprises{'sub': '2', 'extracting one or more metals from the enriched leaching liquid before or after sequestering COin the form of solid mineral carbonates.'}4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the extraction is performed by pH or Econtrolled precipitation claim 3 , by ion exchange claim 3 , or solvent extraction electro winning.5. The method claim 3 , wherein the rock is tailings or waste rock material from the extractive industry.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rock pile comprises silicates comprising carbonate forming elements selected from calcium claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , and iron.7. The method of wherein the rock comprises silicates claim 1 , oxide minerals enriched in one or more metals comprising copper claim 1 , nickel claim 1 , silver claim 1 , zinc claim 1 , uranium claim 1 , thorium claim 1 , wolfram claim 1 , molybdenum and rare earth elements (REE) claim 1 , ...

COMBINED GRINDING AND LEACHING APPARATUS FOR ORES AND WASTES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

Disclosed is an apparatus that is an attrition mill for grinding or comminuting ores, mine wastes, and radioactive wastes some of which may comprise metals, which may include uranium and/or cesium and/or mercury and/or thorium and/or rare earth elements. Also disclosed are processes that employ the apparatus for combined grinding and optionally leaching metals from ores and wastes. Some such methods comprise an optional step of grinding and mixing the ore or waste with a solid inorganic base with water addition or with an aqueous inorganic base, follow by a step of grinding and mixing the ore or waste with an aqueous inorganic acid with or without leaching salt addition, to solubilize the metals present in the ore or the waste. The disclosed apparatus and methods, in some embodiments, enable efficient grinding and attrition of ores substrates and mine wastes even without need for grinding media. 1. A method for grinding or comminuting a metal-containing ore , substrate , mine-waste , or radioactive waste , comprising the steps of: i. a container comprising inner walls that define an open end and a closed end for the container, and a lumen for retaining the ore, substrate, mine-waste or radioactive waste, with two or more elongate ribs projecting inwardly from the walls and extending from the closed end towards the open end of the container;', 'ii. a powered, rotatable spindle extending into and axially aligned with the container, substantially equidistant from side walls of the inner walls of the container;', 'iii. a plurality of grinding arms arranged about and extending from the spindle such that each comprises at least one free end that passes with a clearance of from 0.01 mm to 20 mm from each of the ribs on the inner walls of the container, as the spindle is rotated; and', 'iv. a motor to drive axial rotation of the spindle and attached grinding arms within the container;, 'a. adding the metal-containing ore, substrate, mine-waste, or radioactive waste to an ...

USE OF NOVEL COMPOUNDS FOR SELECTIVELY EXTRACTING RARE EARTHS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS INCLUDING PHOSPHORIC ACID AND ASSOCIATED EXTRACTION METHOD

The invention relates to the use, as an extraction agent for extracting at least one rare earth from an aqueous phase including phosphoric acid, of at least one compound of the following general formula (I): 3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein{'sub': 5', '6', '5', '6', '2', '8, 'one of Rand Ris a hydroxyl group —OH and the other one of Rand Ris an alkoxyl group —OR, with R being a Cto Calkyl group, linear or branched, and'}{'sub': 5', '6', '4', '10, 'R′ and R′ are, independently of each other, a Cto Calkyl group, linear or branched.'}5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein{'sub': 5', '6', '5', '6', '4', '10', '2', '8, 'one of Rand Ris a hydroxyl group —OH and the other one of Rand Ris a Cto Calkyl group, linear or branched, or a Cto Calkoxyl group —OR, with R being an alkyl group, linear or branched, and'}{'sub': 7', '8', '4', '10, 'Rand Rare, independently of each other, a Cto Calkyl group, linear or branched.'}6. The method according to claim 2 , wherein Rand Rare each a hydrogen atom.7. The method according to claim 2 , wherein Rand Rare each a Cto Calkyl group claim 2 , linear or branched.8. The method according to claim 2 , wherein one of Rand Ris a hydrogen atom and the other one of Rand Ris a Cto Calkyl group claim 2 , linear or branched.9. The method according to claim 8 , wherein Ris a hydrogen atom.10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous phase is an acid digestion solution of a concentrate of a natural or urban ore comprising the at least one rare earth.11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous phase comprises at least 0.1 mol/L of the phosphoric acid.12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the extraction is carried out by liquid-liquid extraction by means of an organic phase comprising at least 10mol/L of the compound in solution in an organic diluent.14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein claim 13 , during step a) at least one salt to the aqueous phase.15. The method according to claim 14 , ...

METHODS FOR SIMULTANEOUS LEACHING AND EXTRACTION OF PRECIOUS METALS

The present applications relates to methods for the simultaneous leaching and extraction of precious metals. For example, the present application relates to methods of leaching and extracting gold and/or palladium from a substance comprising gold and/or palladium such as a gold- and/or palladium-containing ore in one step using a compound of Formula I:(I). 3. The method of claim 2 , wherein only one of R claim 2 , R claim 2 , Rand Ris H.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein Rand Rtogether with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocycloalkyl or a substituted heterocycloalkyl claim 2 , wherein the heterocycloalkyl is selected from aziridinyl claim 2 , azetidinyl claim 2 , pyrrolidinyl claim 2 , piperidinyl claim 2 , azepanyl claim 2 , azocanyl claim 2 , imidazolidinyl claim 2 , oxazolidinyl claim 2 , thiazolidinyl claim 2 , piperazinyl claim 2 , hexahydropyrimidinyl claim 2 , morpholinyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-oxazinanyl claim 2 , thiomorpholinyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-thiazinanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-diazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-oxazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-thiazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-diazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-oxazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-thiazepanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-diazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-oxazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,3-thiazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-diazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-oxazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,4-thiazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,5-diazocanyl claim 2 , 1 claim 2 ,5-oxazocanyl and 1 claim 2 ,5-thiazocanyl.5. (canceled)6. The method claim 2 , wherein Ris H and Ris Calkyl or Ccycloalkyl.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein Y is NR.8. The method of claim 7 , wherein Ris H claim 7 , Calkyl or Ccycloalkyl.10. (canceled)11. (canceled)12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the molar ratio of the compound of Formula I to the gold and/or palladium is about 3:1 to about 4:1.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid is HCl having a concentration in the aqueous solution of about 1 M to ...

Manganese Ore Beneficiation Process

A process for the beneficiation of Manganese ore which includes the step of leaching of the ore with acid to remove Calcium Carbonate and Magnesium Carbonate. The ore is first broken down to the required particle size by conventional means. Selective leaching of Calcium oxide and Magnesium carbonate occurs leaving an ore having a higher Manganese content. 1. A process for the beneficiation of Manganese ore , comprising leaching of the ore with acid to remove CaCO(Calcium carbonate) and MgCO(Magnesium carbonate).2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the ore is first broken down by one or more processes comprising crushing claim 1 , milling claim 1 , washing and dense media separation.3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the ore has a particle size smaller than 100 millimetres in diameter.4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein leaching occurs by means of VAT leaching.5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein leaching occurs by means of continuous stirred tank reactor leaching.6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein leaching occurs by means of heap leaching.7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the leaching process is a batch process.8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the leaching process is a continuous process.9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process includes agitation of the acid and the ore.10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid comprises hydrochloric acid.11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid comprises nitric acid.12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the acid comprises a combination of one or more of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.13. The process according to claim 10 , wherein the acid concentration is in the range 0.1% to 100%.14. The process according to claim 13 , wherein the acid concentration is in the range 1% to 35%.15. The process according to claim 14 , wherein the hydrochloric acid concentration is in the range 2.5% to 32%.16. The ...

Selective removal of noble metals using acidic fluids, including fluids containing nitrate ions

The recovery of noble metal(s) from noble-metal-containing material is generally described. The noble metal(s) can be recovered selectively, in some cases, such that noble metal(s) is at least partially separated from non-noble-metal material within the material. Noble metal(s) may be recovered from noble-metal-containing material using mixtures of acids, in some instances. In some cases, the mixture can comprise nitric acid and/or another source of nitrate ions and at least one supplemental acid, such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and/or a sulfonic acid. The amount of nitrate ions within the mixture can be, in some instances, relatively small compared to the amount of supplemental acid within the mixture. In some cases, the recovery of noble metal(s) using the acid mixtures described herein can be enhanced by transporting an electric current between an electrode and the noble metal(s) of the noble-metal-containing material. In some cases, acid mixtures can be used to recover silver from particular types of scrap materials, such as scrap material comprising silver metal and cadmium oxide and/or scrap material comprising silver metal and tungsten metal.

PROCESSES FOR RARE EARTHS RECOVERY FROM WET-PROCESS PHOSPHORIC ACID

In alternative embodiments, the invention provides processes and methods for extracting and recovering rare earth materials from a wet-process phosphoric acid using one or more continuous ion exchange resin systems. In alternative embodiments, the method is particularly suited for use in extracting and recovering multiple rare earth materials present in low concentrations contained in wet-process phosphoric acid. 1. A method or a process for the removal of a rare earth component , or a mixture of rare earth components , from wet-process phosphoric acid comprising use of one or more continuous ion exchange systems , comprising:(a) providing a phosphoric acid solution, or a solution comprising a phosphoric acid, or a phos-acid feedstock, comprising the rare earth components, or mixture of rare earth components;(b) providing a continuous ion exchange system comprising a strong cationic exchange resin, or equivalent material or composition, capable of binding the rare earth components, or mixture of rare earth components, wherein the strong cationic resin, or equivalent material or composition, is in the H+ form,and optionally the strong cationic exchange resin, or equivalent material or composition, comprises:a PUROLITE SST-60™ material, comprised of gel polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene (DVB) and a sulfonic acid functional group (Purolite, Bala Cynwyd, Pa.), or equivalents;a PUROLITE C-100™ resin, comprised of gel polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene (DVB) and a sulfonic acid functional group (Purolite, Bala Cynwyd, Pa.), or equivalents; ora DOWEX 50™ or DOW 650™ (DOW, Midland, Mich.), or equivalents thereof; ora resin, a composition or a material, or a non-resin solid or a semi-solid material, comprising chelating groups, functionalities or moieties capable of binding the rare earth components, or mixture of rare earth components from a sample, wherein optionally the compositions comprise beads, wires, meshes, nanobeads, nanotubes, nanowires or other ...

LIGAND ASSISTED CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR METAL ION SEPARATION

A method of producing substantially pure rare earth elements (REEs) from a mixture, including the steps of dissolving a mixture containing REEs in a strong acid to result in a dissolved mixture of metal ions, including that of REEs, capturing metal ions of REEs in a first set of chromatographic columns comprising strong acid cation exchange resins, washing said first set of chromatographic columns with a salt solution to remove non-adsorbing metal ions, eluting metal ions of REES from said first set of chromatographic columns with a first ligand solution to result in a solution of enriched metal ions of REEs, loading said solution of enriched metal ions of REEs onto a second set of chromatographic columns, and eluting bound metal ions of REEs stepwise from said second set of chromatographic columns using a second ligand solution to afford a substantially pure REE. The second set of chromatographic columns comprises hydrous polyvalent metal oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO, ZrO, or SnO. The ligand of the second ligand solution coordinates with said hydrous polyvalent metal oxide. 1. A method of producing substantially pure rare earth elements (REEs) from a mixture comprising:a. dissolving a mixture containing REEs in a strong acid to result in a dissolved mixture of metal ions, including that of REEs;b. capturing metal ions of REEs in a first set of chromatographic columns comprising strong acid cation exchange resins;c. washing said first set of chromatographic columns with a salt solution to remove non-adsorbing metal ions;d. eluting metal ions of REES from said first set of chromatographic columns with a first ligand solution to result in a solution of enriched metal ions of REEs;e. loading said solution of enriched metal ions of REEs onto a second set of chromatographic columns; and{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'f. eluting bound metal ions of REEs stepwise from said second set of chromatographic columns using a second ligand solution to afford a ...

A SYSTEM AND A METHOD FOR METALLURGICAL EXTRACTION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AND NIOBIUM

A method for hydrometallurgical extraction of rare earth elements and niobium from a an ore or a flotation concentrate containing rare earth elements, niobium, iron and alkali earth metals, the method comprising removal of the alkali earth metals using an acidic solution of a pH in a range between about 1 and about 6, leaching the rare earth elements; precipitation of the rare earth elements from a resulting pregnant leach solution using sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; physically separating metal hydroxides from a resulting leach residue containing metal hydroxides, iron oxide, silicate, and pyrochlore; removing the iron oxide by physical beneficiation and then by atmospheric acid leaching; and recovering niobium from a clean solid residue by pressurized acid leaching. 1. A method for hydrometallurgical extraction of rare earth elements and niobium from a an ore or a flotation concentrate containing rare earth elements , niobium , iron and alkali earth metals , the method comprising removal of the alkali earth metals using an acidic solution of a pH in a range between about 1 and about 6 , leaching the rare earth elements; precipitation of the rare earth elements from a resulting pregnant leach solution using sodium hydroxide , sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; physically separating metal hydroxides from a resulting leach residue of said leaching , the leach residue containing metal hydroxides , iron oxide , silicate , and pyrochlore; removing the iron oxide by physical beneficiation and then by atmospheric acid leaching; and recovering niobium from a clean solid residue by pressurized acid leaching.2. The method of claim 1 , comprising claim 1 , prior to said removal of the alkali earth metals claim 1 , calcination of the ore or flotation concentrate claim 1 , said removal of the alkali earth metals being performed on a resulting calcined fraction; said leaching of the rare earth elements comprising leaching the rare earth elements ...

Ligand Assisted Chromatography for Metal Ion Separation

Presented herein is a ligand-assisted elution chromatography process for the separation of metal ions using a sorbent. An inorganic sorbent, titania, for example, has three types of adsorption sites: Bronsted acid (BA), Bronsted base (BB), and Lewis acid (LA). At a high pH, the BA sites can interact with the metal ions as a cation exchanger. If a ligand with COO groups is preloaded onto the sorbent, the COO— groups of the ligand can adsorb onto the LA sites. The adsorbed. ligands become strong adsorption sites for the metal ions. If the Langmuir a value for metal ion adsorption is similar to that of metal ion complexation with the ligand in the mobile phase, the different metal ions can be eluted separately with an overall selectivity which is equal to the ratio of the ligand selectivity to the sorbent selectivity. 139-. (canceled)40. A process for isolating a substantially pure (95% or higher) rare earth element (REE) comprising the steps of:a. dissolving a mixture containing REEs in a strong acid to result in a dissolved mixture of metal ions, including that of REEs;b. capturing metal ions of REEs in a first set of chromatographic columns;c. washing said first set of chromatographic columns with a salt solution to remove non-adsorbing metal ions;d. eluting metal ions of REES from said first set of chromatographic columns with a first ligand solution to result in a solution of enriched metal ions of REEs;e. loading said solution of enriched metal ions of REEs onto a second set of chromatographic columns; andf. stepwise eluting bound metal ions of REEs from said second set of chromatographic columns using a second ligand solution to afford a substantially pure REE.41. The process of wherein said salt solution is a sodium or ammonium salt solution with a counter ion selected from the group consisting of chloride (Cl) claim 40 , sulfate (SO) claim 40 , bisulfate (HSO) claim 40 , and nitrate (NO).42. The process of wherein said first ligand is ...

ION EXCHANGE RESIN AND METHOD FOR ADSORBING AND SEPARATING METAL

Provided is a system for efficiently recovering trace metal from a large amount of a raw material, such as when trace metal is recovered from nickel oxide ore. This ion exchange resin has, on a carrier, an amide derivative represented by the following general formula. In the formula, R1 and R2 represent the same or different alkyl groups, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and R4 represents a hydrogen atom or an arbitrary group, other than an amino group, bonded to α carbon as an amino acid. The amide derivative is preferably a glycineamide derivative. The carrier preferably includes a primary amine and/or a secondary amine. 2. The method for adsorbing and separating a metal according to claim 1 , wherein the amide derivative is a glycinamide derivative.3. The method for adsorbing and separating a metal according to claim 1 , the method comprising adsorbing a metal contained in an acid leaching solution obtained by high pressure acid leaching of nickel oxide ore on the ion exchange resin and recovering the metal adsorbed on the ion exchange resin.4. (canceled)5. (canceled)6. The method for adsorbing and separating a metal according to claim 2 , the method comprising adsorbing a metal contained in an acid leaching solution obtained by high pressure acid leaching of nickel oxide ore on the ion exchange resin and recovering the metal adsorbed on the ion exchange resin. The present invention relates to an ion exchange resin and a method for adsorbing and separating a metal.Cobalt and rare earth metals are known as valuable metals, and have various uses in industry. Cobalt is used, for example, in positive electrode materials for secondary batteries, and further for superalloys (high strength heat resistant alloys), which are used in jet engines of aircraft, for example. Rare earth metals are used in phosphor materials, negative electrode materials for nickel-hydrogen batteries, additives for magnets built into motors, abrasives for glass substrates used ...

SCANDIUM RECOVERY PROCESS

The purpose of the present invention is to recover roughly purified scandium, which is purified to an extent acceptable for a technique for highly purifying scandium, efficiently and without any complicated operation from a neutralization sediment (drainage sediment) generated in neutralizing acid mine drainage which contains a sulfur component. This scandium recovery process includes a washing step (S) for washing a neutralization sediment (drainage sediment) and a dissolution step (S) for subjecting the washed sediment obtained in the washing step (S) to dissolution in an acid. It is preferable that the process further includes a re-dissolution step (S) for subjecting a dissolution residue which remains after the dissolution in the dissolution step (S) to dissolution with an acid. In the washing step (S), the neutralization sediment is washed with a washing liquid until the pH of the post-washing liquid generated in the washing step becomes 6 or higher. 1. A method of recovering scandium , comprising: a washing step of washing a mixture containing scandium hydroxide , scandium oxide and/or scandium carbonate and manganese hydroxide , manganese oxide and/or manganese carbonate; anda dissolution step of dissolving a post-washing sediment obtained after washing in the washing step in an acid.2. The method of recovering scandium according to claim 1 , wherein the washing step comprises a step of washing the mixture with a washing liquid until the pH of a post-washing liquid obtained after washing in the washing step becomes 6 or more.3. The method of recovering scandium according to claim 2 , wherein the weight of the washing liquid is 3 times or more and 5 times or less relative to the weight of the mixture per washing.4. The method of recovering scandium according to claim 1 , wherein the mixture is a neutralized sediment generated when an acidic mine wastewater containing sulfur components is neutralized.5. The method of recovering scandium according to claim 1 , ...

RECOVERY OF LITHIUM FROM SILICATE MINERALS

A process is disclosed for recovering lithium from a lithium-containing silicate mineral. The process comprises mixing the silicate mineral with nitric acid. The process also comprises subjecting the mixture to a leaching process having conditions such that lithium values in the silicate mineral are leached into an aqueous phase as lithium nitrate. The leaching process conditions may be controlled such that non-lithium values in the silicate mineral tend not to be leached into the aqueous phase. 1. A process for recovering lithium from a lithium-containing silicate mineral , the process comprising:mixing the silicate mineral with nitric acid;subjecting the mixture to a leaching process having conditions such that lithium values in the silicate mineral are leached into an aqueous phase as lithium nitrate.2. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the leaching process conditions comprise increasing temperature and/or pressure of the leaching process so as accelerate leaching of lithium values into the aqueous phase as lithium nitrates claim 1 , and with the leaching process conditions being further controlled such that non-lithium values in the silicate mineral tend not to be leached into the aqueous phase.3. A process according to claim 1 , wherein the leaching process conditions further comprise reacting the silicate mineral in a stoichiometric excess of nitric acid claim 1 , for a controlled period of time claim 1 , with the controlled period of time being terminated by:(i) neutralising residual free nitric acid; or(ii) heating the product of leaching so as to distil the excess of nitric acid along with water as vapour.4. A process according to claim 3 , wherein in (i) the residual free nitric acid is neutralised by recycling a proportion of alkaline lithium compounds produced as part of the process for recovering lithium claim 3 , with the alkaline lithium compounds that are recycled including one or more of: LiO claim 3 , LiOH and LiCO.5. A process according to ...

SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR RECOVERY OF HIGH-GRADE RARE EARTH CONCENTRATE FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a continuous process for treating acid mine drainage while simultaneously recovering a high-grade rare earth preconcentrate suitable for extraction of commercially valuable rare earth oxides. In a further aspect, the preconcentrate is from about 0.1% to 5% rare earth elements on a dry weight basis. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for processing the preconcentrate to generate a pregnant leach solution that does not form gels or emulsions and is suitable for processing via solvent extraction. In another aspect, the disclosure relates to a system and plant for carrying out the disclosed process. In still another aspect, the disclosure relates to a composition containing rare earth elements produced by the process disclosed herein. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. 119-. (canceled)20. A composition comprising a pregnant leach solution (PLS) made by the method comprising the following steps:a. contacting a raw material containing REEs with a first base to form waste solids and an aqueous phase and discarding the waste solids;b. contacting the aqueous phase with a second base to form an REE-enriched preconcentrate and an effluent and discharging the effluent;c. contacting the REE-enriched preconcentrate with an acid to form an acidic preconcentrate;d. filtering the acidic preconcentrate to form an acidic filtrate; ande. contacting the acidic filtrate with a third base and filtering to form a pregnant leach solution;wherein the pregnant leach solution is enriched in REEs and essentially free of solids.21. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the raw material is raw acid mine drainage (AMD) claim 20 , an AMD precipitate (AMDp) claim 20 , or an enriched AMD precipitate (eAMDp).22. The composition of claim 20 , wherein contacting the raw material with the first base changes the pH of the ...

Rare earth element recovery method

Provided is a method of recovering rare-earth elements, including causing rare-earth elements particularly including Nd and Dy to leach efficiently from a raw material for leaching which contains the rare-earth elements, and separating and recovering the rare-earth elements. The method of recovering rare-earth elements includes: a leaching step including performing leaching treatment of rare-earth elements in which an acidic slurry of a raw material for leaching which contains the rare-earth elements is held under a predetermined condition, and then subjecting the slurry obtained after the leaching treatment to solid-liquid separation, yielding a leachate containing the rare-earth elements; and a separation step of separating and recovering the rare-earth elements from the yielded leachate, in which: the raw material for leaching contains Ca as CaO at a ratio of 4 to 15 mass % and Ti as TiO 2 at a ratio of 2 to 13 mass % in a solid component (S); an acid aqueous solution is an acid aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid and/or nitric acid; and the leaching treatment performed in the leaching step is digestion or maceration which is performed under the heating and pressurizing conditions of a temperature of 160 to 300° C. and a pressure of 0.65 to 10 MPa, and the rare-earth elements are caused to leach together with Ca in the leaching step.

Using Method of Waste Silicon Slurry and Products Obtained Therefrom

The present invention discloses a method of using a waste silicon slurry. The method includes the steps of: (A) obtaining a waste silicon slurry containing a cutting oil and a metal; (B) treating the waste silicon slurry with a first reagent for reacting with the cutting oil; (C) treating the waste silicon slurry with a second reagent for reacting with the metal; (D) separating products resulting from step (B) and step (C) to obtain a solid portion; and (E) treating the solid portion with a third reagent to obtain products, including silicates and hydrogen gas. 1. A method of using a waste silicon slurry , comprising the steps of:step (A): obtaining a waste silicon slurry containing a cutting oil and a metal;{'sub': 5', '12, 'step (B): treating the waste silicon slurry with a first reagent for reacting with the cutting oil, wherein the first reagent includes one, or any combinations, of compounds with a structural formula (I): M-X, wherein M is selected from an alkaline metal and an alkaline earth metal, and X is selected from halogen, sulfate and nitrate; or M is selected from C-Calkyl group sand X is selected from hydrogen and hydroxyl;'}step (C): treating the waste silicon slurry with a second reagent for reacting with the metal, wherein the second reagent includes oxalic acid and citric acid;step (D): separating products resulting from step (B) and step (C) to obtain a solid portion; andstep (E): treating the solid portion with a third reagent to obtain silicates and hydrogen gas, wherein the third reagent produces an alkaline substance like hydroxyl ions in water.2. The method of using a waste silicon slurry according to claim 1 , wherein said compound of structural formula (I) is selected from sodium chloride claim 1 , potassium chloride claim 1 , calcium chloride claim 1 , sodium sulfate claim 1 , sodium nitrate claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , n-hexane claim 1 , and a combination thereof.3. The method of using a waste silicon slurry according to claim 1 , wherein ...

METHOD FOR PROCESSING ASH, PARTICULARLY FLY ASH

Disclosed is a method for processing ash, particularly fly ash, in which method several elements are separated from the ash. In the method both noble metals and rare earth elements are separated. 115-. (canceled)16. Method for processing ash , particularly fly ash , in which method several elements are separated from the ash , characterized in that in the method both noble metals and rare earth elements are separated so that the elements are separated in two extraction processes , in the first extraction process of which noble metals are separated and in the second extraction process of which rare earth elements are separated.17. Method according to claim 16 , characterized in that the solutions obtained in the extraction processes are precipitated in two steps claim 16 , in the first step of which noble metals are precipitated and in the second step of which rare earth elements are precipitated.18. Method according to claim 17 , characterized in that the extraction processes and steps are integrated with each other.19. Method according to claim 16 , characterized in that in the first extraction process noble metals are dissolved using a water solution with an oxalate content.20. Method according to claim 16 , characterized in that in the second extraction process rare earth elements are dissolved out of the undissolved ash in the first extraction process claim 16 , by means of a solution which is a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid.21. Method according to claim 16 , characterized in that the oxalate-extraction solution obtained from the first extraction process is processed in at least two stages claim 16 , in such a way that a first precipitation solution containing sulphide and ammonium chloride is first of all added to the oxalate-extraction solution claim 16 , in order to separate iridium and copper claim 16 , the pH of the remaining solution being raised in order to precipitate the rest of the noble metals in the second precipitation stage.22. Method ...

PROCESS FOR RECOVERING METAL VALUES FROM OXIDES OF MANGANESE-CONTAINING MATERIALS

An improved method for treating manganese-containing materials, such as nodules recovered by undersea mining, including reacting the materials with ammonia, and leaching with a mineral acid, and to methods for recovering valuable constituents from such nodules, especially manganese, cobalt, nickel, iron, copper, titanium, vanadium, cerium, and molybdenum. A method for the production of nitrate products is also disclosed. 1. A method of recovering metal values from manganese-containing materials , comprising the steps of:a. obtaining manganese-containing materials also containing other metals;{'sub': '3', 'b. reacting the manganese-containing materials with NHto form MnO and to release the other metals;'}c. leaching the reacted materials with a mineral acid to form metal salts,d. precipitating and recovering pay metals from the metal salts; ande. precipitating and recovering manganese oxides and hydroxides.2. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are polymetallic nodules obtained from any body of water.3. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are deep-sea manganese nodules.4. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are manganese-containing nodules recovered by undersea mining.5. A method according to wherein the manganese-containing materials are obtained by the chemical or metallurgical treatment of polymetallic nodules obtained from any body of water.6. A method according to claim 5 , further comprising crushing or grinding the nodules.7. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising removing chlorides from the manganese-containing materials by washing the materials.8. A method according to wherein step b is carried out at elevated temperature.9. A method according to wherein said manganese-containing materials also contain at least one of the metals of the group consisting of: nickel claim 1 , cobalt claim 1 , iron claim 1 , copper claim 1 , magnesium claim 1 , aluminum claim 1 , ...

METHOD FOR LEACHING A SULPHIDIC METAL CONCENTRATE

A method for leaching a sulfidic metal concentrate in hydrometallurgical production of metal in a leaching process from which hot water vapor containing off-gas is conducted out and to which an acid solution warmed up to an elevated temperature is conducted. The acid solution is warmed up to an elevated temperature by bringing off-gas of the leaching step into direct contact with the acid solution. 1. A method for leaching a sulfidic metal concentrate in hydrometallurgical production of metal in a leaching process , from which process hot water vapor containing off-gas is conducted out and to which process an acid solution warmed up to an elevated temperature is conducted , characterized in that the acid solution is warmed up to an elevated temperature by bringing off-gas of the leaching step into direct contact with the acid solution.2. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the acid solution is warmed up by providing it as droplets in the hot off-gas claim 1 , the off-gas being present as a continuous phase.3. The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that the acid solution is sprayed in the off-gas through a nozzle forming droplets in a device where the off-gas and the acid solution move against the flow.4. The method according to claim 2 , characterized in that the off-gas and the acid solution are brought into mutual contact by an ejector/venturi technique.5. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the acid solution is warmed up by dispersing the off-gas in the acid solution claim 1 , the acid solution being present as a continuous phase.6. The method according to claim 5 , characterized in that the off-gas is dispersed in a sulfuric acid solution.7. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the temperature of the water vapor in the off-gas of the leaching process step is approximately 100° C.8. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the acid solution is warmed up to between approximately ...

SOLID-STATE CATALYSTS FOR LOW OR MODERATE TEMPERATURE LEACH APPLICATIONS AND METHODS THEREOF

A method for removing sulfate iron-containing compounds from a low- to moderate-temperature metal sulfide leach circuit () is disclosed. A reactor () within a chloride leach circuit () and which is preferably maintained at a temperature between 20 and 150 degrees Celsius may be provided with a catalyst () comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: colloidal hematite, colloidal goethite, particulate containing FeOOH, particulate containing α-FeOOH, particulate containing γ-FeOOH, particulate containing FeO, particulate containing α-FeO, particulate containing γ-FeO, particulate containing FeO, particulate containing Fe(OH)SO, and a combination thereof. The catalyst () may also be used with heap leach and/or dump leach circuits (), without limitation. Methods for using and generating the catalyst () are also disclosed. In some embodiments, the catalyst () may be used as an anti-frothing agent (e.g., for zinc leaching, without limitation). 112.-. (canceled)131. A method for removing a sulfate iron-containing compound from a metal sulfide leaching circuit () comprising:{'b': 6', '5, 'providing a reactor () within a chloride leach circuit ();'}{'b': 12', '6, 'providing a pressure vessel () downstream of the reactor ();'}{'b': 8', '6', '12, 'providing an upstream solid/liquid separation device () between the reactor () and the pressure vessel ();'}{'b': 2', '6, 'providing a solids feed () containing metal sulfide particles to the reactor ();'}{'b': '6', 'leaching the metal sulfide particles in the reactor ();'}{'b': 7', '5', '8, 'dewatering leach residue () leaving the chloride leach circuit () using the upstream solid/liquid separation device ();'}{'b': 14', '12', '13', '12, 'providing a downstream solid/liquid separation device () downstream of the pressure vessel () for receiving product () leaving the pressure vessel ();'}{'b': '12', 'precipitating a sulfate iron-containing compound out of solution in the pressure vessel ();'}{'b': '14', 'removing ...

Method for the Removal and Recovery of Metals and Precious Metals from Substrates

A method for removing metal and/or precious metal-containing depositions from substrates, wherein said substrate is subjected to treatment with an organo amine protectant component P and an inorganic active component A. Component P may be formed in situ by reaction with component R. Component P is an organic amine and/or organic amine hydrohalide and/or organic ammonium halide (preferably diisopropylamine hydrochloride), component A is an inorganic compound (preferably inorganic acid or a mixture thereof) and component R is an organic compound that can be split along the C—N bond by the component A into an organic amine (preferably dimethylformamide or N-methyl pyrrolidone). The metals in the form of organo-metallic complexes and/or metalorganic compounds are isolated and/or separated by means of different chemical reactions (preferably reduction reactions) and/or biosorption (preferably with seaweed or yeast). The isolated and/or separated organo-metallic complexes and/or metalorganic compounds are subjected to refinement process to form pure metals and/or pure precious metals. The substrates remain intact after the treatment. 1. A method for removing metal and precious metal-containing depositions from a substrate , comprising the step of (i) treating the substrate with an organo amine protectant component (“P”) and an inorganic active component (“A”) or (ii) treating with a complexing component (“C”) and an “A” , wherein said component “P” or “C” is selected from the group consisting of mono-substituted amine hydrohalides , di-substituted amine hydrohalides , tri-substituted amine hydrohalides , and tetra-substituted ammonium halides , wherein each substituent is independently an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by hydroxy-group or an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by carboxy-group or an alkyl having 1 to 18 carbon atoms substituted by hydroxy and ...

Heap Leaching Method

A process of extracting copper from copper sulphide minerals which is enhanced at solution potentials exceeding 700 mV SHE, in the absence of any microorganism, by contacting the minerals in a pre-treatment phase using an acid solution at a high chloride content containing dissolved copper. 19.-. (canceled)10. A method of recovering a base metal from an ore comprising subjecting the ore to a pre-treatment phase followed by leaching the pre-treated ore , wherein , in the pre-treatment phase:(a) the ore is contacted with a solution during an agglomeration step, or by irrigation;(b) a solution potential in contact with the ore exceeds 700 mV vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE), in the absence of microorganisms;(c) a total iron concentration of the solution contacting the ore is >0.1 g/L;(d) the solution addition is controlled to achieve a final ore moisture content in a range 2 to 25 wt. %;(e) a pH of the solution contacting the ore does not exceed pH 3.0;{'sup': '−', '(f) a Clion concentration of the solution contacting the ore is between 130 and 230 g/L; and'}(g) a dissolved oxygen level in the solution contacting the ore is below 1 mg/L.11. The method according to wherein in step (a) the final ore moisture content is in the range of 5 to 8 wt %.12. The method according to wherein in step (e) the pH of the solution is below pH 2.5.13. The method according to wherein claim 10 , in step (f) claim 10 , chloride ions are introduced by means of at least one of the following:{'sub': 2', '3, 'i. an addition of one or more of the following NaCl, MgCl, KCl and AlCl, directly to the ore; to the solution; or to a pond; and'}ii. an addition of salt water or brine to the ore or to the solution.14. The method according to wherein claim 10 , in step (e) claim 10 , the pH level of the solution in contact with the ore is maintained by an addition of sulphuric acid directly to the ore during an agglomeration process or by an addition of sulphuric acid to the solution which ...

INTEGRATED HYDROMETALLURGICAL AND PYROMETALLURGICAL METHOD FOR PROCESSING ORE

A process for recovering copper, uranium and one or more precious metals from an ore material, including: a. forming a heap of the ore material; b. subjecting the heap of the ore material to an acidic heap leach using an iron containing acidic leach solution in the presence of an oxygen containing gas, and producing a pregnant leach solution and a ripios; c. subjecting the ripios to flotation to produce a copper containing ripios concentrate and tailings; and d. subjecting the ripios concentrate to a smelting process to produce a smelted copper product. e. recovering copper and uranium from the pregnant leach solution. 1. A process for recovering copper , uranium and one or more precious metals from an ore material , the process comprising:a. forming a heap of an ore material;b. subjecting the heap of the ore material to an acidic heap leach using an iron comprising acidic leach solution in the presence of an oxygen containing gas, and producing a pregnant leach solution and a ripios;c. subjecting the ripios to flotation to produce a copper comprising ripios concentrate and tailings; andd. subjecting the ripios concentrate to a smelting process to produce a smelted copper product.e. recovering copper and uranium from the pregnant leach solution.2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:f. electro-refining the smelted copper product to produce cathode copper and precious metal-containing anode slimes; andg. recovering one or more precious metals from the precious metal-containing anode slimes.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ore material comprises copper sulphides and uranium minerals.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the smelting process comprises two smelting stages.5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the smelting process comprises a primary smelting stage and a secondary smelting stage.6. The process of claim 5 , wherein the primary smelting stage is conducted in a matte smelting furnace.7. The process of claim 5 , wherein the secondary smelting ...

RARE EARTH METAL OXIDE PREPARATION

A method for extracting a rare earth metal from a mixture of one or more rare earth metals, said method comprising contacting an acidic solution of the rare earth metal with a composition which comprises an ionic liquid to form an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase into which the rare earth metal has been selectively extracted; recovering the rare earth metal from the non-aqueous phase; and processing the recovered rare earth metal into a rare earth metal oxide. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the rare earth metal is recovered from the non-aqueous phase by stripping with an acidic stripping solution claim 1 , e.g. an aqueous hydrochloric acid or nitric acid solution claim 1 , preferably having a pH of 1 or lower and preferably a pH of 0 or higher claim 1 , to give an acidic stripping solution comprising the recovered rare earth metal.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein processing the recovered rare earth metal into a rare earth metal oxide comprises:contacting the acidic stripping solution comprising the recovered rare earth metal with oxalic acid to give a rare earth metal oxalate; andconverting, e.g. by calcination, the rare earth metal oxalate into the rare earth metal oxide.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the acidic stripping solution comprising the recovered rare earth metal is contacted with the oxalic acid at room temperature (e.g. at a temperature of from 15 to 30° C.).5. The method of or claim 3 , wherein the rare earth metal oxalate is calcined at a temperature of at least 500° C. claim 3 , preferably at least 700° C. claim 3 , and more preferably at least 900° C.6. The method of any of to claim 3 , wherein the method further comprises processing the rare earth metal oxide into a magnet.7. The method of any of to claim 3 , wherein the acidic solution comprises a first and a second rare earth metal claim 3 , and the method comprises:(a) preferentially partitioning the first rare earth metal into the non-aqueous phase, recovering the first rare earth ...

METHOD FOR ISOLATING VALUABLE METAL

Provided is a method that selectively extracts and, at a low cost, recovers indium from an acidic solution containing indium and gallium. The present invention is a method that is for isolating a valuable metal and that, by means of subjecting an acidic solution containing indium and gallium to a solvent extraction that is by means of an extraction agent comprising an amide derivative represented by a general formula, extracts indium from the acidic solution. In the formula, Rand Reach indicate the same or a different alkyl group, Rindicates a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and Rindicates a hydrogen atom or any given group, other than an amino group, bonded to the α-carbon as an amino acid. The general formula preferably has a glycine unit, a histidine unit, a lysine unit, an aspartic acid unit, or an N-methylglycine unit. 2. The method for isolating a valuable metal according to claim 1 , wherein the amide derivative is any one or more of a glycine amide derivative claim 1 , a histidine amide derivative claim 1 , a lysine amide derivative claim 1 , an aspartic acid amide derivative and a normal-methylglycine derivative.3. The method for isolating a valuable metal according to claim 2 , wherein the amide derivative is the glycine amide derivative claim 2 , andthe acidic solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acidic solution adjusted to a range of between 0.7 or more to 1.9 or less.4. The method for isolating a valuable metal according to claim 2 ,wherein the amide derivative is the histidine amide derivative, andthe acidic solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acidic solution adjusted to a range of between 0.7 or more to 3.0 or less.5. The method for isolating a valuable metal according to claim 2 ,wherein the amide derivative is the normal-methylglycine derivative, andthe acidic solution is subjected to the solvent extraction with the pH of the acidic solution adjusted to a range of between 0.7 or more to 2 ...

Ionic Liquid Preparation

A process for preparing a cationic species [Cat+] for an ionic liquid, said process comprising reacting a reagent (1) H 2 N-L-[Z] with a reagent (2) LG-L 2-EDG, to form a cationic species EDG-L 2-[Z+]-L-N(L 2-EDG) 2, wherein the process is carried out in a sealed reactor at a temperature of at least 100° C. 2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out at a temperature of from 100 to 180° C. claim 1 , preferably from 115 to 170° C. claim 1 , and more preferably from 125 to 145° C.3. The process of or claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out for a period of from 0.5 to 24 hours claim 1 , preferably from 1 to 12 hours and more preferably from 2 to 6 hours.4. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein the process is carried out at a pressure of from 105 to 500 kPa claim 1 , preferably from 200 to 400 kPa claim 1 , and more preferably from 250 to 350 kPa.5. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein reagent (2) is used in an amount of from 1 to 6 molar equivalents claim 1 , preferably from 2 to 4 molar equivalents claim 1 , and more preferably from 2.5 to 3.5 molar equivalents as compared to reagent (1).6. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base claim 1 , preferably a nitrogen-containing base claim 1 , and more preferably a trialkylamine such as trimethylamine claim 1 , the base preferably being used in an amount of from 1 to 10 molar equivalents claim 1 , preferably from 2 to 8 molar equivalents claim 1 , and more preferably from 3 to 5 molar equivalents as compared to reagent (1).7. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a protic solvent claim 1 , such as trichloromethane.8. The process of any of to claim 1 , wherein Lrepresents:{'sub': 1-10', '1-10, 'a linking group selected from Calkanediyl and Calkenediyl groups;'}{'sub': 1-6', '2-5, 'preferably a linking group selected from Calkanediyl and Calkenediyl groups;'}{'sub': '1-6', 'more ...

Methods, Materials and Techniques for Precious Metal Recovery

Materials and methods for precious metal recovery are disclosed. Usable leaching solutions are preferably aqueous based and include appropriate materials in sufficient quantities to solubilize and stabilize precious metal. Such materials typically include phosphoric acid and an oxidant material. Some or all of the oxidant material can be, in some instances, generated in-situ. The leaching solution is typically contacted with a substrate having a target precious metal, thereby solubilizing precious metal to form a stable, pregnant solution. The precious metal can then be recovered from the pregnant solution. In some instances, components of the leaching solution can be regenerated and reused in subsequent leaching. 1. A method for recovering a precious metal from a precious metal-containing substrate , the method comprising: an iodide salt material;', 'an iodate salt material, a chlorite salt material, or any combination thereof; and', 'phosphoric acid; and, '(i) combining the precious metal-containing substrate with an aqueous-based leaching solution to form solids and a pregnant leach solution, wherein the aqueous-based leaching solution comprises(ii) separating the solids from the pregnant leach solution.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:the precious metal-containing substrate comprises ore, mining tails, electronic waste, or any combination thereof; andthe precious metal and the pregnant leach solution comprise gold.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises claim 1 , prior to step (i) claim 1 , passing the aqueous-based leaching solution through an electrochemical cell to reach an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of at least 540 mV.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises claim 1 , prior to step (i) claim 1 , passing the aqueous-based leaching solution through an electrochemical cell to reach an oxidation reduction potential (ORP) in a range from 540 mV to 650 mV.5. The method ...

METHOD FOR SEPARATING COPPER, NICKEL, AND COBALT

Provided is a method for separating copper, nickel, and cobalt, the method being capable of efficiently and selectively separating copper, nickel, and cobalt from alloys containing copper, nickel, and cobalt, such as highly corrosive alloys containing copper, nickel, and cobalt obtained by dry-processing used lithium ion batteries. The alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is brought into contact with nitric acid in the co-presence of a sulfiding agent to obtain a solid containing copper and a leachate containing nickel and cobalt. 1. A method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt ,wherein an alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is brought into contact with a nitric acid in a joint presence of a sulfurizing agent, and a solid containing copper and a leachate containing nickel and cobalt are obtained.2. The method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt according to claim 1 ,wherein the sulfurizing agent is one or more types selected from sulfur, hydrogen sulfide gas, sodium hydrogen sulfide, and sodium sulfide.3. The method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt according to claim 1 ,wherein the nitric acid and the sulfurizing agent are simultaneously brought into contact with the alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt, or the sulfurizing agent is brought into contact with the alloy, and then, the nitric acid is brought into contact with the alloy.4. The method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt according to claim 1 ,wherein the alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is an alloy that is obtained by heating and melting, and reducing scrap of a lithium ion cell.5. The method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt according to claim 1 ,wherein the alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is a powder material, and a particle diameter of the alloy containing copper, nickel, and cobalt is less than or equal to 300 μm.6. The method for separating copper from nickel and cobalt according to claim 1 ,wherein the ...

PROCESS FOR RECOVERING NON-FERROUS METALS FROM INDUSTRIAL MINERAL RESIDUES

A process is described for recovering a non-ferrous metal from a first solid residue comprising iron. In this process, the first solid residue is mixed with a second solid residue including sulphur, thereby obtaining a particulate mixture. The particulate mixture is subjected to a roasting step at a temperature of at least 650° C. to obtain a roasted mixture, and the roasted mixture is subjected to leaching in a liquid at a pH of at least 5.5 to obtain a solution enriched with the non-ferrous metal. 1. A process for recovering a non-ferrous metal from a first solid residue comprising iron , the process comprising:mixing the first solid residue with a second solid residue comprising sulphur thereby obtaining a particulate mixture,roasting the particulate mixture at a temperature of at least 650° C. to obtain a roasted mixture, andleaching the roasted mixture in a liquid at a pH of at least 5.5 to obtain a solution enriched with the non-ferrous metal.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first solid residue comprises at least 15% iron (Fe) by weight.3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-ferrous metal is present in the first solid residue as an iron spinel of the non-ferrous metal for at least 20% by weight.4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the non-ferrous metal is zinc.5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the first solid residue comprises at least 20% by weight zinc ferrite.6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first solid residue is one or a combination of the following:goethite residue from metallurgical processing of zinc, Basic Oxygen Furnace dust, and Electric Arc Furnace dust.7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second solid residue comprises at least 15% by weight sulphate mineral.8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second solid residue is a jarosite residue from metallurgical processing of zinc.9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second solid residue comprises the non-ferrous metal.10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the particulate ...

METHOD OF IMPROVING GOLD RECOVERY IN A CYANIDE LEACHING CIRCUIT

This disclosure provides a method of improving gold recovery in a cyanide leaching circuit comprising a gold ore slurry. The method includes the step of providing a gold recovery additive chosen from polyacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid and a sulfonated co-monomer, and combinations thereof, wherein the additive has a weight average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 10,000 g/mol. The method also includes the step of combining the gold recovery additive with the gold ore slurry in the cyanide leaching circuit, wherein the gold recovery additive is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 1000 g per ton of dry gold ore to improve the recovery of gold from the gold ore slurry. 1. A method of improving gold recovery in a cyanide leaching circuit comprising a gold ore slurry , said method comprising the steps of:providing a gold recovery additive chosen from polyacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid and a sulfonated co-monomer, and combinations thereof, wherein the additive has a weight average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 10,000 g/mol;combining the gold recovery additive with the gold ore slurry in the cyanide leaching circuit, wherein the gold recovery additive is present in an amount of from about 10 to about 1000 g per ton of dry gold ore to improve the recovery of gold from the gold ore slurry.2. The method of wherein the gold recovery additive is polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of about 1 claim 1 ,000 to about 6 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.3. The method of wherein the gold recovery additive is polyacrylic acid having a weight average molecular weight of about 2 claim 1 ,000 to about 4 claim 1 ,000 g/mol.4. The method of wherein the gold recovery additive is a copolymer of acrylic acid and the sulfonated co-monomer.5. The method of wherein the gold recovery additive is a copolymer of acrylic acid and the sulfonated co-monomer wherein the sulfonated co-monomer is chosen from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane ...

Beneficiation process for low grade uranium ores

The disclosure relates to a beneficiation process for low grade uranium ore, wherein the process comprises a primary beneficiation stage comprising: wet scrubbing the low grade uranium ore to separate the low grade ore into a fine fraction and a coarse fraction; screening the fine fraction according to a size separation parameter to provide an undersize fraction and an oversize fraction, wherein the uranium predominantly reports to the undersize fraction; and separating the undersize fraction to produce an intermediate uranium concentrate. The intermediate uranium concentrate may be further processed in a secondary beneficiation stage to produce a high grade uranium concentrate.

METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NICKEL POWDER, AND METHOD FOR OPERATING REACTION FACILITY

A method for manufacturing nickel powder whereby a reduction in production efficiency due to abrasion of a flash vessel connected to a pressurized container can be suppressed when nickel powder is generated using the pressurized container and subsequently recovered. The method for manufacturing nickel powder comprises charging a pressurized container with a nickel sulfate ammine complex solution and seed crystals, adding hydrogen gas to the pressurized container, and reducing the nickel included in the nickel sulfate ammine complex solution, wherein, when a nickel powder slurry obtained in the pressurized container is extracted to a flash vessel connected to the pressurized container, the slurry is extracted to the flash vessel while the supply rate of the nickel ammine complex solution to the pressurized container and/or the extraction rate of the nickel slurry from the pressurized container is controlled so the liquid level in the pressurized container is in a fixed range. 1. A method for manufacturing nickel powder , the method comprising: charging a nickel sulfate ammine complex solution and seed crystals in a pressurized container; adding hydrogen gas to the pressurized container; and reducing nickel included in the nickel sulfate ammine complex solution to manufacture nickel powder , whereinwhen a slurry containing the nickel powder obtained in the pressurized container is extracted to a flash vessel connected to the pressurized container,the slurry is extracted to the flash vessel while a supply rate of the nickel ammine complex solution to the pressurized container and/or an extraction rate of the slurry from the pressurized container is controlled so that a liquid volume in the pressurized container is in a fixed range.2. The method for manufacturing nickel powder according to claim 1 , wherein reduction reaction is performed in the pressurized container by using nickel powder with a particle size of 0.1 μm to 300 μm as the seed crystals and controlling a ...

PROCESSING FOR THE EXTRACTION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

Processing schemes for the extraction and/or separation of rare earth elements (REEs) from rare earth containing products such as rare earth mineral ore bodies and intermediate products derived from rare earth mineral ore bodies. The processing schemes may be applied independently or in various combinations to produce end-products that have a very high purity with respect to REEs, including high value critical REEs. The processes may include acid digestion, formation of rare earth oxalate compounds, metathesizing of rare earth oxalate compounds, selective precipitation and/or solvent extraction to form the high purity REE end products. 1. A method for leaching a mineral ore body comprising rare earth elements , comprising the steps of:contacting the mineral ore body with a hydrochloric acid solution for a period of time that is sufficient to solubilize at least a portion of the rare earth elements and form a pregnant liquor solution and a solid residue, wherein during the contacting the leach temperature does not exceed about 60° C.; andseparating the pregnant liquor solution from the solid residue.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body is a raw mineral ore body.3. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises at least about at least about 20 wt. % Si.4. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises not greater than about 15 wt. % rare earth oxides.5. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises not greater than about 10 wt. % rare earth oxides.6. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises at least about 85 wt. % gangue minerals.7. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises at least about 90 wt. % gangue minerals.8. The method of any of to claim 1 , wherein the mineral ore body comprises iron claim 1 , and wherein not greater than about 30% of the iron in the mineral ore body reports to the pregnant liquor ...

METHOD FOR DISSOLVING LITHIUM COMPOUND, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LITHIUM CARBONATE, AND METHOD FOR RECOVERING LITHIUM FROM LITHIUM ION SECONDARY CELL SCRAP

A method for dissolving a lithium compound according to the present invention includes bringing a lithium compound into contact with water or an acidic solution, and feeding, separately from the lithium compound, a carbonate ion to the water or the acidic solution to produce carbonic acid, and allowing the carbonic acid to react with the lithium compound to produce lithium hydrogen carbonate. 1. A method for dissolving a lithium compound , the method comprising bringing a lithium compound into contact with water or an acidic solution , and feeding , separately from the lithium compound , a carbonate ion to the water or the acidic solution to produce carbonic acid , and allowing the carbonic acid to react with the lithium compound to produce lithium hydrogen carbonate.2. The method for dissolving the lithium compound according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonate ion is fed so as to maintain a saturated state of carbonic acid in the water or the acidic solution.3. The method for dissolving the lithium compound according to claim 1 , wherein the lithium compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hydroxide claim 1 , lithium oxide and lithium carbonate.4. The method for dissolving the lithium compound according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonate ion is fed to the water or the acidic solution by blowing a carbon dioxide gas.5. The method for dissolving the lithium compound according to claim 1 , wherein a temperature of the water or the acidic solution during production of lithium hydrogen carbonate is from 5° C. to 25° C.6. A method for manufacturing lithium carbonate using the method for dissolving the lithium compound according to claim 1 , comprising:producing the lithium hydrogen carbonate and then separating carbonic acid from a solution of the lithium hydrogen carbonate to precipitate a lithium ion in the solution of the lithium hydrogen carbonate as lithium carbonate.7. The method for manufacturing lithium carbonate according to claim 6 ...

METHOD OF MINERAL LEACHING

A method of dissolution of minerals in acid is disclosed. The method comprises providing minerals to be leached in an aqueous solution, 1. A method of dissolution of minerals in acid comprisingproviding minerals to be leached in an aqueous solution,supplying an acid or an acid precursor to the aqueous solution, thereby forming a reaction mixture comprising the acid; andsupplying energy in the form of a combination of high-voltage electric pulses and ultrasound to the reaction mixture to enhance dissolution of the minerals.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the minerals are silicates.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid is carbonic acid.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the method comprises supplying COgas as the acid precursor to the aqueous solution claim 3 , thereby forming a reaction mixture comprising carbonic acid.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the COgas originates from combustion of fossil fuel claim 4 , cement production claim 4 , steel production or roasting of ores.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the purity of the supplied COgas is from 80 to 100 volume %.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ultrasound pulses are supplied at a frequency of 10-50 kHz.8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high-voltage pulses are supplied at a frequency of 0.05-5 Hz.9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the high-voltage pulses are supplied with a frequency of 0.1-0.2 Hz.10. The method of claim 1 , wherein between 400-1100 kJ ultrasound energy per kg solids per minute is supplied.11. The method of claim 1 , wherein between 200-400 kJ high voltage energy per kg solids per minute is supplied.12. The method of claim 1 , wherein in a subsequent step the dissolved minerals are extracted from the mixture.13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mineral contains sulphide ores and the leaching process further comprises use of microbes.14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the high-voltage pulses are applied in intervals of 5-100 seconds with interval breaks lasting 10-120 ...

USE OF AMINO-CONTAINING NEUTRAL PHOSPHINE EXTRACTANT IN EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF THORIUM AND PROCESS OF USING SAME

The present invention relates to use of an amino-containing neutral phosphine extractant of Formula I in extraction and separation of thorium, and a process of extracting and separating thorium using the amino-containing neutral phosphine extractant of Formula I,

METHOD FOR EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS

A method for extracting and separating rare earth elements comprising providing a rare earth-containing ore or tailings, grinding the rare earth-containing ore to form powdered ore; leaching the powered ore with at least one mineral acid, forming a leach solution comprising at least one metal ion, rare earth elements and a solid material, separating the solid material from the leach solution to form aqueous-metal concentrate, precipitating the aqueous-metal concentrate to selectively remove the metal ion from the leach solution and obtain a precipitate of the rare earth elements; heating the precipitate of the rare earth elements in air to form oxide of the rare earth elements, mixing the oxide of the rare earth elements with an ammonium salt and heating in a dry air/nitrogen, forming a mixture of anhydrous rare earth salts in an aqueous solution, and separating the rare earth elements from the aqueous solution by means of an electrowinning process. 1. A method for extracting and separating rare earth elements , wherein the method comprises the following steps:providing a rare earth element containing ore;grinding the rare earth element containing ore to form powdered ore;leaching the powdered ore with at least one mineral acid to form a leach solution comprising a rare earth element and a solid material;separating the solid material from the leach solution to form an aqueous-rare earth concentrate;precipitating the aqueous-rare earth concentrate to selectively remove the rare earth element from the leach solution and to obtain a precipitate of the rare earth element;heating the precipitate of the rare earth element in air to form an oxide of the rare earth element;mixing and heating the oxide of the rare earth element with an ammonium salt to form anhydrous rare earth salts;forming a mixture of the anhydrous rare earth salts in an aqueous solution; andseparating the rare earth element from the aqueous solution by an electrowinning process.2. A method for extracting ...

Process for recovering metal from electronic waste

The invention relates to a method for recovering precious metals from electronic waste utilising biometallurgical techniques. In one aspect, a method of recovering one or more target metals from electronic waste, includes (a) removing at least a portion of non-target material from the electronic waste or grinding to a preselected size particle to give pre-processed electronic waste; (b) contacting the pre-processed electronic waste with a lixiviant such that at least a portion of the target metal(s) dissolve into the lixiviant to produce a pregnant solution; (c) contacting a microorganism with the pregnant solution such that at least a portion of the target metal(s) ions biosorb to the microorganism wherein the microorganism becomes metal laden and the pregnant solution becomes barren; (d) substantially separating the metal laden microorganism from the barren solution; and (e) recovery of the target metal(s) from the metal laden microorganism.

Lithium extraction in the presence of scalants

The present invention relates to recovery of lithium from liquid resources to produce lithium solutions while limiting impurity precipitation in the lithium solutions.

LEACH AID FOR METAL RECOVERY

Methods of recovering metals from metal-bearing materials, and more particularly, methods for improving leaching efficiency in extraction processes by employing a surfactant composition in the extraction process, as well as slurries useful in the methods of recovering metals are provided. 1. A method of extracting metal from a metal-bearing material , the method comprising:forming a slurry comprising the metal-bearing material, water, a surfactant composition, and a leaching composition; andrecovering at least a portion of the metal from the slurry.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal-bearing material is comminuted prior to formation of the slurry.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant composition comprises an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of: an alkyl aryl sulfonate claim 1 , an olefin sulfonate claim 1 , a paraffin sulfonate claim 1 , an alcohol sulfate claim 1 , an alcohol ether sulfate claim 1 , an alkyl carboxylate claim 1 , an alkyl ether carboxylate claim 1 , an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester claim 1 , a monoalkyl sulfosuccinate claim 1 , a dialkyl sulfosuccinate claim 1 , a monoalkyl sulfosuccinamate claim 1 , a dialkyl sulfosuccinamate claim 1 , and combinations thereof.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant composition comprises a cationic surfactant selected from the group consisting of: an alkyl trimethyl quaternary ammonium salt claim 1 , an alkyl dimethyl benzyl quaternary ammonium salt claim 1 , a dialkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium salt claim 1 , an imidazolinium salt claim 1 , and combinations thereof.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the surfactant composition comprises a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of: an alcohol alkoxylate claim 1 , an alkylphenol alkoxylate claim 1 , a block copolymer of ethylene oxide claim 1 , a block copolymer of propylene oxide claim 1 , a block copolymer of butylene oxide claim 1 , an alkyl dimethyl amine oxide claim 1 , an alkyl-bis(2- ...

COPPER PROCESSING METHOD

A method of processing a copper-containing source material is provided whereby an aqueous acidic leach solution of the copper-containing source material is formed and then contacted with a pH increasing agent to thereby cause the precipitation of a copper-containing intermediate. The copper-containing intermediate can then be collected and exposed to a high temperature treatment, such as would be encountered in smelter or converter operations. 1. A method of processing a copper-containing source material including the steps of:(a) providing an aqueous acidic leach solution of the copper-containing source material;(b) introducing a pH increasing agent into the acidic leach solution to cause the precipitation of a copper-containing intermediate; and(c) collecting the copper-containing intermediate and exposing it to a high temperature treatment, optionally transporting the copper-containing intermediate to another location prior to its exposure to the high temperature treatmentto thereby process the copper-containing source material.2. The method of wherein the copper-containing source material is a copper-containing ore claim 1 , copper smelter slag claim 1 , copper-containing tailings claim 1 , copper concentrate or a copper-containing process intermediate or waste product.3. The method of wherein the copper-containing ore is selected from a copper sulphide or copper oxide ore.4. The method of wherein the aqueous acidic leach solution is formed from an acid selected from the group consisting of sulphuric claim 1 , nitric and hydrochloric acids.5. The method of wherein the pH increasing agent is selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide claim 1 , calcium carbonate claim 1 , calcium hydroxide claim 1 , calcium ferrite claim 1 , magnesium oxide claim 1 , magnesium carbonate claim 1 , magnesium hydroxide claim 1 , sodium carbonate claim 1 , sodium hydroxide claim 1 , dolomite and materials containing one or more of these compounds.6. (canceled)7. The method of ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACID GRANULATION OF MATTE

A method is provided for leaching the metals while granulating molten matte, comprising the steps of feeding a molten matte as a falling stream into a granulation chamber, spraying a liquid jet on the stream of molten matte to atomize the matte, and cooling the matte particles thus formed. The liquid jet comprises an acid solution containing water and sulfuric acid so that the acid solution starts leaching metals from the molten matte when the liquid jet contacts the molten matte. Part of product solution from granulation can be circulated to liquid jets to increase the metal content in the solution and to reduce its acid con-tent. 1. A method for granulating molten matte , comprising the steps of feeding molten matte as a falling stream into a granulation chamber , spraying one or more liquid jets on the stream of molten matte to atomize the matte , and cooling the matte particles thus formed , wherein the liquid jet(s) comprise(s) acid solution containing water and sulfuric acid so that the acid solution starts leaching metals from the matte when the liquid jet contacts the molten matte.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a product solution settling on the bottom of the granulation chamber is partly circulated to the liquid jet(s) and partly supplied to further steps of metal recovery.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , in addition to said liquid jet(s) claim 1 , also one or more jets of gas or steam are blown on the falling stream of molten matte to intensify atomization of matte.4. A method according to claim 3 , wherein the effect of the gas or steam jet(s) is intensified by introducing solid particles into said gas or steam jets.5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein hot gases are circulated in the granulation chamber to expand the temperature area suitable for leaching reactions.630. A method according to claim 1 , wherein atomized matte particles are cooled at a lower part of the granulation chamber () by spraying a liquid jet of ...

MONAZITE BALLAST SEPARATION AND RECOVERY METHOD

The invention relates to a separation and recovery method for radioactive waste slag and specifically relates to a separation and recovery method for monazite slag. The separation and recovery method comprises the following steps: acid leaching, pressure filtration, water washing, extraction of valuable components and treatment of filtration slag. The separation and recovery method provided by the invention performs low-acid and low-temperature leaching on monazite slag, so that a liquid phase and a solid phase are easy to separate; after an ore dressing process is adopted for performing ore dressing and alkali decomposition on secondary slag, closed-loop circulation and recovery of uranium, thorium and rare earth is realized; and simultaneously, extraction raffinate waste acid is recycled, so that the emission of waste water is reduced, the consumption of sulfuric acid and fresh water and the treatment cost of the waste water are reduced, the production cost is reduced, the recovery rate of the valuable elements, namely the uranium, the thorium and the rare earth is more than 97%, and the whole process has no emission of the radioactive waste water and waste slag. 1. A method for recovering substances from monazite slag , comprising the following steps:(i) adding monazite slag into a 0.25 to 0.5 molar solution of inorganic strong acid according to a monazite slag/acid ratio of 1 kg slag/l to 15 L acid solution to form a mixture, heating the mixture to 40° C.-100° C., stiffing for 5 h-8 h, cooling, standing to obtain a first supernatant liquid containing uranium, thorium and rare earth elements and a slurry, and recovering the first supernatant liquid;(ii) filtering the slurry to obtain filtration slag and filtrate, and combining the filtrate with the first supernatant liquid obtained in step (i) to obtain a second supernatant;(iii) washing the filtration slag with water, stopping washing when the pH value of a water washing solution is 2-3, and dry-pressing the ...

METHOD FOR RECOVERING GOLD FROM AN ORE OR A REFINING INTERMEDIATE CONTAINING GOLD

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering gold in an ore or a refining intermediate by sufficiently leaching gold in a raw material resulting from the ore or the refining intermediate in an acidic solution containing a copper ion, an iron ion and a halide ion, which can contribute to improve the recovery rate of gold. Provided is a method for recovering gold from an ore or a refining intermediate containing gold, the method comprising a step of contacting a gold-containing raw material obtained from the ore or the refining intermediate with an acidic solution containing a copper ion, an iron ion and a halide ion while supplying an oxidizing agent to leach the gold component in the raw material, and the halide ion in the acidic solution comprising at least a bromide ion, wherein the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is 100 g/L or more or the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is less than 100 g/L, and wherein when the concentration of the bromide ion is less than 100 g/L, a concentration ratio of the halide ions in the acidic solution is such that a ratio of the concentration of the chloride ion to the concentration of the bromide ion (a Cl/Br concentration ratio) is ⅓ or less. 1. A method for recovering gold from an ore or a refining intermediate containing gold , the method comprising a step of contacting a gold-containing raw material obtained from the ore or the refining intermediate with an acidic solution containing a copper ion , an iron ion and a halide ion while supplying an oxidizing agent to leach the gold component in the raw material , the halide ion in the acidic solution comprising at least a bromide ion ,wherein the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is 100 g/L or more, or the concentration of the bromide ion in the acidic solution is less than 100 g/L, andwherein when the concentration of the bromide ion is less than 100 g/L, a concentration ratio of the ...

METHOD FOR ALUMINUM-ENHANCED DEALKALIZATION OF RED MUD AND SEPARATION AND RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM AND IRON

The present invention discloses a method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and iron. The method includes: dissolving red mud in water, introducing excessive SO, introducing Ofor aeration, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering; when pH of a red mud mixture decreases to below 3, washing and filtering the red mud mixture, adding NaOH to acidic leachate to adjust its pH to a strongly alkaline level, aging and filtering the leachate, treating filter residue to recover FeO, and refluxing part of alkaline leachate after filtering to the red mud mixture; and adjusting pH of the remaining alkaline leachate after filtering to a weakly acidic level, and conducting filtering to recover aluminum. 1. A method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and iron , comprising the following steps:{'sub': 2', '2, 'S1: grinding red mud and dissolving the red mud in slurry liquid, wherein the slurry liquid is water and/or alkaline leachate obtained after filtering; uniformly stirring the mixture to obtain red mud slurry; introducing SOand Ofor aeration oxidation to obtain a red mud mixture; and filtering the red mud mixture to obtain dealkalized red mud and acidic leachate; and'}{'sub': 2', '3', '3, 'S2: adjusting pH of the acidic leachate obtained by filtering to a strongly alkaline level to obtain alkaline leachate; filtering the alkaline leachate to obtain alkaline leachate after filtering and filter residue; drying and sintering the filter residue, washing an obtained product with water, and conducting drying to recover FeO; returning ⅕-½ of the alkaline leachate after filtering to step (1) as the slurry liquid; and adjusting pH of the remaining alkaline leachate after filtering to a weakly acidic level, and conducting filtering to separate and recover Al(OH).'}2. The method for aluminum-enhanced dealkalization of red mud and separation and recovery of aluminum and ...

TOP-ENTRY FLASH VESSEL ARRANGEMENT

The present invention relates to a method and an arrangement for pressure and temperature let down of autoclave discharge slurry (), in particular in pressure oxidation or high pressure acid leach of metal containing ore. The method of the invention comprises a step of providing autoclave vent gas () obtained from the autoclave () to the top-entry flash vessel () for inducing overpressure to the said top-entry flash vessel and preventing boiling of the slurry during the transfer to next top-entry flash vessel (). The invention further relates to an autoclave and pressure let-down arrangement adapted for providing autoclave vent gas to one or more top-entry flash vessels.

PROCESS FOR RECOVERY OF COPPER FROM ARSENIC-BEARING AND/OR ANTIMONY-BEARING COPPER SULPHIDE CONCENTRATES

A process for the extraction of copper from a feed material comprising at least one of arsenic and antimony-bearing copper sulphide minerals is provided. The process includes fine-grinding the feed material and after fine-grinding, subjecting the feed material to pressure oxidation in the presence of surfactant and a halogen to produce a product slurry. The process also includes subjecting the product slurry to liquid/solid separation to obtain a pressure oxidation filtrate and solids comprising at least one of a compound of arsenic and a compound of antimony, and recovering copper from the pressure oxidation filtrate.

SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF NOBLE METALS USING ACIDIC FLUIDS, INCLUDING FLUIDS CONTAINING NITRATE IONS

The recovery of noble metal(s) from noble-metal-containing material is generally described. The noble metal(s) can be recovered selectively, in some cases, such that noble metal(s) is at least partially separated from non-noble-metal material within the material. Noble metal(s) may be recovered from noble-metal-containing material using mixtures of acids, in some instances. In some cases, the mixture can comprise nitric acid and/or another source of nitrate ions and at least one supplemental acid, such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and/or a sulfonic acid. The amount of nitrate ions within the mixture can be, in some instances, relatively small compared to the amount of supplemental acid within the mixture. In some cases, the recovery of noble metal(s) using the acid mixtures described herein can be enhanced by transporting an electric current between an electrode and the noble metal(s) of the noble-metal-containing material. In some cases, acid mixtures can be used to recover silver from particular types of scrap materials, such as scrap material comprising silver metal and cadmium oxide and/or scrap material comprising silver metal and tungsten metal. 1. A method of recovering noble metal(s) from a noble-metal-containing material , comprising:exposing the material comprising the noble metal(s) and at least one base metal to a mixture comprising nitrate ions and at least one supplemental acid; andrecovering at least a portion of the noble metal(s) from the noble-metal-containing material,wherein the amount of nitrate ions within the mixture is less than or equal to about 10 wt %.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nitrate ions originate from nitric acid and/or a nitrate salt.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nitrate ions originate from a source that is not nitric acid.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the nitrate ions originate from a nitrate salt.5. The method of any one of - claim 1 , ...

ELECTROWINNING CIRCUIT AND METHOD FOR GATHERING OF METAL OF INTEREST BY AN IONIC EXCHANGE INTERFACE

A metallurgical method for operating an autogenous production circuit for producing metal(s), said method using one or more oxidizing agents generated electrolytically in a cell with one or more interfaces which allows anion exchange; said method comprising steps of: (a) leaching of mineral(s) or material(s) containing at least one metal of interest (LX) in a first cell (A) to produce a pregnant leach solution () and an acid-ferrous aqueous solution (); (b) using solvent extraction process(es) or selection process(es) in a second cell (B) to concentrate said metal(s) of interest (SX) of said pregnant leach solution () to produce a rich electrolyte () and a raffinate solution (), said raffinate solution () being recycled in said first cell (A); and (c) electrowinning (EW) in a third cell (C) of said rich electrolyte () received from said second cell (B) and said acid-ferrous aqueous solution () received from said first cell (A), for producing a metal cathode () and an acid-ferric acid solution (), said acid-ferric acid solution () being recycled in said first cell (A), wherein said steps (a), (b) and (c) are performed in said autogenous circuit that includes said first, second and third cells (A, B, C) with one or more anionic interfaces producing anodic and cathode reactions. 1. A metallurgical method for operating an autogenous production circuit for producing metal(s) , said method using one or more oxidizing agents generated electrolytically in a cell with one or more interfaces which allows anion exchange; said method comprising steps of:{'b': 2', '8, '(a) leaching of mineral(s) or material(s) containing at least one metal of interest (LX) in a first cell (A) to produce a pregnant leach solution () and an acid-ferrous aqueous solution ();'}{'b': 2', '5', '4', '4, '(b) using solvent extraction process(es) or selection process(es) in a second cell (B) to concentrate said metal(s) of interest (SX) of said pregnant leach solution () to produce a rich electrolyte () ...

Methods for Controlling Iron via Magnetite Formation in Hydrometallurgical Processes

A method of controlling iron in a hydrometallurgical process is disclosed. The method may comprise the steps of: leaching () a feed slurry (); forming a pregnant leach solution (); removing a first leach residue () from the pregnant leach solution (); and sending a portion () of the pregnant leach solution () and/or raffinate () produced therefrom, to an iron removal process (). According to some preferred embodiments, the iron removal process () may comprise the steps of: sequentially processing the pregnant leach solution () and/or raffinate () produced therefrom in a first reactor (R) a second reactor (R), and a third reactor (R); maintaining a pH level of the first reactor (R) above 4, by virtue of the addition of a first base; maintaining a pH level of the second (R) and/or third (R) reactors above 8.5, by virtue of a second base; and forming solids () comprising magnetite (). The method may further comprise the steps of performing a solid liquid separation step () after the iron removal process (); and performing a magnetic separation step () to remove magnetite () from said solids comprising magnetite (), without limitation. A system for performing the method is also disclosed. 1. (canceled)2. (canceled)31. A method of controlling iron in a hydrometallurgical leach process () comprising the steps of:{'b': 14', '114', '2', '102, 'leaching (, ) a feed slurry (, );'}{'b': 12', '12', '112', '112, 'i': a', 'b', 'a', 'b, 'forming a pregnant leach solution (, ; , );'}{'b': 18', '118', '12', '12, 'i': a', 'b, 'removing a first leach residue (, ) from the pregnant leach solution (, ); and'}{'b': 12', '112', '12', '12', '22', '122', '34', '134', '34', '134, 'i': b', 'b', 'a', 'b, 'claim-text': [{'b': 12', '12', '22', '122, 'i': a', 'b, 'sub': 1', '2', '3, 'sequentially processing the pregnant leach solution (, ) and/or raffinate (, ) produced therefrom in a first reactor (R) a second reactor (R), and a third reactor (R);'}, {'sub': '1', 'maintaining a pH level of the ...

Process for the preparation of a concentrate of metals, rare metals and rare earth metals from residues of alumina production by bayer process or from materials with a chemical composition similar to said residues, and refinement of the concentrate so obtained

The sole FIGURE appended shows the simplified block diagram of the invention, in terms of its most extensive definition.

Ligand Assisted Chromatography for Metal Ion Separation

Presented herein is a ligand-assisted elution chromatography process for the separation of metal ions using a sorbent. In particular, the present invention discloses a process of two sets of column system in combination with two sets of eluting ligand solutions to prepare substantially pure rare earth elements, wherein the first set of column comprises strong acid cation exchange resins and the second set of chromatographic columns comprises hydrous polyvalent metal oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO, ZrO, or SnOand wherein ligand of said second ligand solution coordinates with said hydrous polyvalent metal oxide. 1. A product of substantially pure rare earth element (REE) manufactured according to the process ofa. dissolving a mixture containing REEs in a strong acid to result in a dissolved mixture of metal ions, including that of REEs;b. capturing metal ions of REEs in a first set of chromatographic columns comprising strong acid cation exchange resins;c. washing said first set of chromatographic columns with a salt solution to remove non-adsorbing metal ions;d. eluting metal ions of REES from said first set of chromatographic columns with a first ligand solution to result in a solution of enriched metal ions of REEs;e. loading said solution of enriched metal ions of REEs onto a second set of chromatographic columns; and{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'f. eluting bound metal ions of REEs stepwise from said second set of chromatographic columns using a second ligand solution to afford a substantially pure REE, wherein said second set of chromatographic columns comprising hydrous polyvalent metal oxide selected from the group consisting of TiO, ZrO, or SnOand wherein ligand of said second ligand solution coordinates with said hydrous polyvalent metal oxide.'}2. The product of claim 1 , wherein said salt solution is a sodium or ammonium salt solution with a counter ion selected from the group consisting of chloride (Cl) claim 1 , sulfate (SO) claim 1 , bisulfate ( ...

Compounds and Methods to Isolate Gold

Methods for recovering gold from gold-bearing materials are provided. The methods rely upon on the self-assembly of KAuBrand α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) in aqueous solution to form a co-precipitate, a 1:2 complex, KAuBr•(α-CD)(“α•Br”), either alone or in an extended {[K(OH)][AuBr]⊂(α-CD)}chain superstructure (FIG. ). The co-precipitation of α•Br is selective for gold, even in the presence of other metals, including other square-planar noble metals. The method enables one to isolate gold from gold-bearing materials from diverse sources, as further described. 120.-. (canceled)21. A gold-cyclodextrin complex ,comprising a cyclodextrin selected from the group consisting of α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin and mixtures thereof,and a gold salt.22. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the gold:cyclodextrin ratio is 1:2.23. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the gold salt comprises a salt forming cation and a salt forming anion claim 21 , wherein the salt forming anion comprises gold.24. The complex according to claim 23 , wherein the salt forming anion further comprises at least one halide ion.25. The complex according to claim 24 , wherein the at least one halide ion is bromide.26. The complex according to claim 23 , wherein the salt forming cation is the cation of an alkali metal.27. The complex according to claim 26 , wherein the alkali metal is potassium.28. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the gold salt is a gold halide salt.29. The complex according to claim 28 , wherein the gold halide salt is a gold (III) halide salt.30. The complex according to claim 29 , wherein the gold (III) halide salt is a gold (III) bromide salt.31. The complex according to claim 30 , wherein the gold (III) bromide salt is KAuBr.32. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the cyclodextrin is α-cyclodextrin.33. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the complex is KAuBr•α-cyclodextrin.34. The complex according to claim 21 , wherein the complex is ...

Methods of copper extraction

The hydrometallurgical copper extraction processes of the present teachings generally including two steps: a conditioning or activating step using low concentrations of ammonia and ammonium in an aqueous solution; and an acid leaching step. The processes of the present teachings can be performed at low temperature, for example, at ambient temperature, and at atmospheric pressure.

METHOD FOR TREATING SULFIDE-FREE MINERALS

The present invention provides a method of producing metal oxide(s) by sulfatizing a sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate comprising the steps of providing a sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate comprising sulfide-free mineral(s); and contacting the sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate with gaseous SOfor sulfatizing the sulfide-free mineral(s) thereby forming metal sulfate(s) and metal oxide(s). 1. A method of producing metal oxide(s) by sulfatizing a sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate comprising:(o) providing a sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate comprising sulfide-free mineral(s); and{'sub': '3', '(a) contacting the sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate with gaseous SOfor sulfatizing the sulfide-free mineral(s) thereby forming metal sulfate(s) and metal oxide(s).'}2. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sulfide-free ore and/or concentrate is selected from the group consisting of sulfide-free ores claim 1 , sulfide-free concentrates claim 1 , sulfide-free oxides claim 1 , sulfide-free hydroxides claim 1 , sulfide-free silicates claim 1 , and any mixtures thereof claim 1 , preferably from sulfide-free ores and/or concentrates comprising borate minerals and/or iron oxides.3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the sulfide-free mineral is contacted with SOin a fluidized bed reactor (FB) claim 1 , circulating fluidized bed reactor (CFB) or annular fluidized bed reactor (AFB).4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SOused in step (a) is produced in situ from sulfur.5. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SOused in step (a) is produced in situ from sulfur dioxide (SO).6. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the SOused in step (a) is produced by combining sulfur with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide and further catalytically converting the sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide.7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein sulfur trioxide (SO) is produced in separate units ahead of the sulfatization reactor.8. The method as claimed in ...

METHOD FOR CRUSHING HARD TUNGSTEN CARBIDE SCRAPS

Provided are a method for crushing hard tungsten carbide (WC) scraps which is a pre-step of alkaline leaching and acid leaching processes for recycling of tungsten and cobalt, the method including mixing hard tungsten carbide (WC) scraps such as chips, wires, bolts, drills, etc., that are metalworking tools to be discarded after being used, with aluminum, followed by heating to a high temperature, to form an intermetallic compound, metal oxides, or mixtures thereof in a sponge form, and crushing the intermetallic compound, the metal oxides, or the mixtures thereof in a sponge form. Further, provided is a method for recovering tungsten and cobalt from hard tungsten carbide (WC) scrap powder through alkaline leaching and acid leaching methods, 1. A method for crushing hard tungsten carbide (WC) scraps comprising:(a) a step of mixing hard tungsten carbide (WC) scraps with aluminum particles;(b) a step of forming an intermetallic compound, metal oxides, or mixtures thereof in a sponge form by heating the mixture obtained from step (a) to 1200 □ to 1400 □ and maintaining the mixture for 30 to 120 minutes; and(c) a step of crushing a product of step (b).2. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed in air.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed under oxygen-free atmosphere.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the oxygen-free atmosphere is one or two or more gaseous atmosphere selected from the group consisting of nitrogen claim 3 , argon claim 3 , helium claim 3 , and neon.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (a) claim 1 , 30 to 95 wt % of the hard tungsten carbide (WC) scraps are mixed with 5 to 70 wt % of the aluminum particles.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein in step (c) claim 1 , the product of step (b) is cooled to room temperature and then claim 1 , crushed into a size having a diameter of 0.5 mm or less.7. A method for recovering tungsten and cobalt from hard tungsten carbide (WC) scrap comprising:(a) a step of mixing hard tungsten ...

USE OF OXYGENATED OR POLYOXYGENATED INORGANIC WEAK ACIDS, OR DERIVATIVES, RESIDUES AND WASTE THEREOF, IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE RECOVERY OF COPPER AND/OR THE CONCENTRATION OF COPPER IN PROCESSES FOR THE LEACHING OR BIOLEACHING OF COPPER MINERALS

The invention concerns the use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids, or minerals or compounds that generate the same, or of solid and liquid wastes from plants producing oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids, or minerals or compounds and their derivatives to increase copper recovery from mineral and/or to increase the copper concentration of the pregnant leach solution in the copper leaching process or the copper bioleaching process. 1. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids , or minerals or compounds that generate the same COMPRISING an increase in copper recovery from mineral and/or to increase the copper concentration of the pregnant leach solution in the copper leaching process.2. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a weak acid that can be claim 1 , among others claim 1 , boric acid or phosphoric acid.3. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a weak acid that is preferably boric acid claim 1 , also called orthoboric acid.4. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a weak acid that is preferably phosphoric acid claim 1 , also called orthophosphoric acid.5. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a mineral that contains boron or phosphorus.6. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a mineral that contains boron.7. Use of oxygenated and polyoxygenated weak acids claim 1 , or minerals or compounds that generate the same in the copper leaching of COMPRISING a mineral that contains phosphorus.8. Use of oxygenated or polyoxygenated weak acids claim ...

WET BASED FORMULATIONS FOR THE SELECTIVE REMOVAL OF NOBLE METALS

Compositions and processes for leaching noble metals from materials comprising said noble metals. Advantageously, the halide-based composition is environmentally friendly and effectively removes noble metals at room temperature without the need for high pressures and electrodes. 1. A leaching composition comprising , at least one oxidizing agent , at least one halide , at least one acid , and at least one solvent.2. The leaching composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition includes a pH of less than about 2.3. The leaching composition of claim 1 , wherein the at least one oxidizing agent comprises at least one species selected from the group consisting of ozone claim 1 , nitric acid (HNO) claim 1 , bubbled air claim 1 , cyclohexylaminosulfonic acid claim 1 , hydrogen peroxide (HO) claim 1 , oxone claim 1 , ammonium peroxomonosulfate claim 1 , ammonium chlorite (NHClO) claim 1 , ammonium chlorate (NHClO) claim 1 , ammonium iodate (NHIO) claim 1 , ammonium perborate (NHBO) claim 1 , ammonium perchlorate (NHClO) claim 1 , ammonium periodate (NHIO) claim 1 , ammonium persulfate ((NH)SO) claim 1 , ammonium hypochlorite (NHClO) claim 1 , sodium persulfate (NaSO) claim 1 , sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)) claim 1 , potassium polyatomic salts (e.g. claim 1 , potassium iodate (KIO) claim 1 , potassium permanganate (KMnO) claim 1 , potassium persulfate claim 1 , potassium persulfate (KSO) claim 1 , potassium hypochlorite (KClO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium chlorite ((N(CH))ClO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium chlorate ((N(CH))ClO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium iodate ((N(CH))IO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium perborate ((N(CH))BO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium perchlorate ((N(CH))ClO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium periodate ((N(CH))IO) claim 1 , tetramethylammonium persulfate ((N(CH))SO) claim 1 , tetrabutylammonium peroxomonosulfate claim 1 , peroxomonosulfuric acid claim 1 , urea hydrogen peroxide ((CO(NH))HO) claim 1 , peracetic acid (CH(CO)OOH) claim 1 , sodium nitrate ...

ACID DIGESTION PROCESSES FOR RECOVERY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS FROM COAL AND COAL BYPRODUCTS

A system for recovering rare earth elements from coal ash includes a leaching reactor, an ash dryer downstream of the leaching reactor, and a roaster downstream of the ash dryer that is cooperatively connected to both the leaching reactor and the ash dryer. Coal ash is mixed with an acid stream such that rare earth elements present in the coal ash are dissolved in the acid stream, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements and (ii) leached ash. The leachate is heated to obtain acid vapor and an acid-soluble rare earth concentrate. Mixing of the coal ash with the acid stream can occur in a leaching reactor and heating of the leachate can occur in a roaster. The acid-soluble rare earth concentrate can be fed to a hydrometallurgical process to separate and purify the rare earth elements. 1. A method of recovering rare earth elements , vanadium , cobalt , or lithium from coal ash , the method comprising:mixing coal ash with an acid stream such that rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium present in the coal ash are dissolved in the acid stream, thereby creating (i) a leachate containing the rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium, and (ii) leached ash; andheating the leachate to obtain acid vapor and a concentrate containing the rare earth elements, vanadium, cobalt, or lithium.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid stream is a nitric acid stream.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising treating the coal ash with a basic solution prior to mixing the coal ash with the acid stream.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising:separating the coal ash from the basic solution to obtain the coal ash and a leach solution;adding a zeolite seed to the leach solution; andheating the leach solution to obtain a zeolite material.5. The method of claim 3 , further comprising milling the coal ash while the coal ash is treated with the basic solution.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising separating the leachate and the ...

COMBINED GRINDING AND LEACHING APPARATUS FOR ORES AND WASTES AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF

Disclosed is an apparatus that is an attrition mill for grinding or comminuting ores, mine wastes, and radioactive wastes some of which may comprise metals, which may include uranium and/or cesium and/or mercury and/or thorium and/or rare earth elements. Also disclosed are processes that employ the apparatus for combined grinding and optionally leaching metals from ores and wastes. Some such methods comprise an optional step of grinding and mixing the ore or waste with a solid inorganic base with water addition or with an aqueous inorganic base, follow by a step of grinding and mixing the ore or waste with an aqueous inorganic acid with or without leaching salt addition, to solubilize the metals present in the ore or the waste. The disclosed apparatus and methods, in some embodiments, enable efficient grinding and attrition of ores substrates and mine wastes even without need for grinding media. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each grinding arm extends through and extends upon each side of the spindle such that each grinding arm comprises two free ends that each pass with a clearance of from 0.01 mm to 20 mm from each of the ribs on the side walls of the container claim 1 , as the spindle is rotated.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein successive grinding arms are arranged helically about the spindle such that each successive grinding arm extends at an acute angle from the axis of the spindle relative to its adjacent grinding arm on the spindle claim 1 , and all grinding arms extend about 90 degrees from an axis of the spindle.4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each grinding arm extends about 90 degrees from each adjacent grinding arm along the spindle claim 1 , and all grinding arms extend about 90 degrees from an axis of the spindle.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the grinding arms are at least substantially uniformly elliptical in cross-section claim 1 , or at least substantially uniformly circular in cross-section claim 1 , and optionally the ...

MONAZITE AND APATITE PARAGENETIC ORE ENRICHMENT METHOD

The present invention discloses a monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method. High-grade and high-recovery-rate monazite concentrate can be obtained by adopting the method through steps of ore grinding, floatation, magnetic separation and low-acid advanced leaching treatment and re-floatation. In this process, the applicable range of ore pulp temperature is wide, the process flow is short, the ore dressing conditions are mild, the energy consumption is small, the used diluted acid can be cyclically regenerated and used, the pollution is small, the environmental stress is small and the recovery rate of low-grade monazite and apatite paragenetic ores can be obviously improved. 1. A monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method , characterized in that the monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method comprises the following steps: performing acid leaching to mixed concentrate containing rare earth and apatite by using inorganic acid and then performing liquid-solid separation to obtain acid leaching residues and leaching solution , wherein the acid leaching residues are monazite and apatite paragenetic ores; and a liquid-solid ratio of the inorganic acid to the mixed concentrate is 2.0-5.0 , an acid excess coefficient is 0.5-3.0 , and 0.1-0.3% of flocculating agent by mass percentage based on a mass sum of the mixed concentrate and the inorganic acid is added during acid leaching , and the temperature of the leaching system is 20-120° C.2. The monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the mixed concentrate is a solid matter obtained by performing ore grinding to raw ores claim 1 , then performing pulp mixing and performing primary flotation and/or magnetic separation claim 1 , the content of REO in the raw ores of the monazite and apatite paragenetic ores is 0.3-10%.3. The monazite and apatite paragenetic ore enrichment method according to claim 1 , characterized in that the ...

HEAP LEACHING

A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material includes an electromagnetic heating system to generate heat in situ in the heap. 1. A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material , the heap including an electromagnetic heating system to generate heat in situ in the heap.2. A heap of a material to be leached to recover a valuable metal from the material , the heap including an electromagnetic heating system in the form of a system for exposing the heap to electromagnetic radiation to generate heat in situ in the heap.3. The heap defined in wherein the system for exposing the heap to electromagnetic radiation is operable to selectively heat leach liquor in the heap.4. The heap defined in wherein the system for exposing the heap to electromagnetic radiation is operable to heat heap liquor to at least 50° C. claim 2 , preferably in the range between 45° C. and 65° C. claim 2 , and typically about 55° C. when the material in the heap includes sulphidic copper-containing ore with chalcopyrite as a copper-containing mineral in the ore.5. The heap defined in wherein the system for exposing the heap to electromagnetic radiation is operable to heat heap liquor to less than 85° C. when the material in the heap includes sulphidic copper-containing ore with chalcopyrite as a copper-containing mineral in the ore.6. The heap defined in wherein the electromagnetic heating system is operable to heat leach liquor and minerals containing valuable metal to a uniform temperature range throughout at least 90% of the heap.7. The heap defined in wherein the electromagnetic radiation is radio frequency radiation.8. The heap defined in wherein the electromagnetic radiation is in a lower frequency end of the radio frequency radiation band of radiation.9. The heap defined in wherein the lower frequency end of the radio frequency radiation band of radiation is 5-45 MHz.10. The heap defined in wherein in situations in which the ...

Methods, Materials and Techniques for Precious Metal Recovery

Materials and methods for precious metal recovery are disclosed. Usable leaching solutions are preferably aqueous based and include appropriate materials in sufficient quantities to solubilize and stabilize precious metal. Such materials typically include oxidant material. Some or all of the oxidant material can be, in some instances, generated in-situ. The leaching solution is typically contacted with a substrate having a target precious metal, thereby solubilizing precious metal to form a stable, pregnant solution. The precious metal can then be recovered from the pregnant solution. In some instances, components of the leaching solution can be regenerated and reused in subsequent leaching. 1. An aqueous-based leaching solution for precious metal , the leaching solution comprising:iodide salt material; andcarboxylic acid material, 'passing a first mixture through an electrochemical cell until a measured oxidation reduction potential (ORP) is at least 540 mV, the first mixture including iodide salt material, carboxylic acid material, and water.', 'the leaching solution being made by a process including the step of2. The aqueous-based leaching solution according to claim 1 , further comprising boric acid material.3. The aqueous-based leaching solution in accord with claim 2 , the carboxylic acid additive including at least one of: acetic acid material and citric acid material.4. The aqueous-based leaching solution according to claim 1 , the carboxylic acid additive including at least one of: acetic acid material and citric acid material.5. The aqueous-based leaching solution according to claim 1 , further comprising iodate material.6. The aqueous-based leaching solution according to claim 5 , the iodate material being one of sodium iodate and potassium iodate.7. The aqueous-based leaching solution according to claim 6 , the iodide salt material including potassium iodide; andthe first mixture including iodate material.8. The aqueous-based leaching solution according ...