02-07-2020 дата публикации
Номер: US20200208287A1
Принадлежит:
A process is provided comprising submerging a substrate in an electrochemical deposit bath having at least a metal salt and saccharin. In embodiments, the film is further treated with anodization, and in other cases chemical vapor deposition. Films are also provided formed by the disclosed processes. The films are nanoporous on at least a portion of a surface of the films. Also disclosed are electronic devices having the films disclosed, including lithium-ion batteries, storage devices, supercapacitors, electrodes, semiconductors, fuel cells, and/or combinations thereof. 1. A process comprising at least partially submerging a substrate into an electrochemical deposition bath wherein a composition of the electrochemical deposition bath comprises at least a metal salt and saccharin.2. A process of for forming an electrochemical deposit on the substrate claim 1 , wherein the metal salt is a salt of Ni claim 1 , Co claim 1 , Fe claim 1 , or a combination thereof.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the concentration of Ni claim 2 , Co claim 2 , Fe claim 2 , or a combination thereof are each between 0-300 g/L; provided the concentration of at least one of the metal salts is present in a concentration of at least 0.001 g/L.4. The process of wherein the composition of the electrochemical deposition bath further comprises is one of{'sup': 2+', '−1, 'claim-text': [{'sup': '−1', 'Borate in a range of 0-45 g L,'}, {'sup': '−1', 'Saccharin in a range of 0-2 g L; wherein the electrochemical bath has a temperature in a range of 15-45° C.; and'}], '(a) Niin a range of 0-350 g L,'}{'sup': 2+', '−1, 'claim-text': [{'sup': '−1', 'Borate in a range of 0-45 g L,'}, {'sup': '−1', 'a citrate salt in a range of 0-30 g L,'}, {'sup': '−1', 'Saccharin in a range of 0-2 g L; wherein the electrochemical bath has a temperature in the range of 15-45° C.; and'}], '(b) Co in a range of 0-250 g L,'}{'sup': 2+', '−1, 'claim-text': [{'sup': 2+', '−1, 'Fe in a range of 0-40 g L,'}, {'sup': '−1', ' ...
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