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Небесная энциклопедия

Космические корабли и станции, автоматические КА и методы их проектирования, бортовые комплексы управления, системы и средства жизнеобеспечения, особенности технологии производства ракетно-космических систем

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Мониторинг СМИ

Мониторинг СМИ и социальных сетей. Сканирование интернета, новостных сайтов, специализированных контентных площадок на базе мессенджеров. Гибкие настройки фильтров и первоначальных источников.

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Поддерживает ввод нескольких поисковых фраз (по одной на строку). При поиске обеспечивает поддержку морфологии русского и английского языка
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Применить Всего найдено 1332. Отображено 100.
01-03-2012 дата публикации

Exhaust purification system of internal combustion engine

Номер: US20120047878A1
Автор: Kohei Yoshida, Masahide Iida, Takamitsu Asanuma, Yuichi Sobue
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine includes an NO X storage reduction catalyst device which is arranged in an engine exhaust passage. The NO storage reduction catalyst device stores SO X simultaneously with NO X . When the stored SO X amount exceeds a predetermined allowable amount, the SO X is made to be released by SO X release control which raises the temperature of the NO X catalyst device to the SO X releasable temperature, then makes the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas which flows into the NO X catalyst device the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio or rich. The NO X catalyst device has a residual SO X storage amount which finally remains even if performing SO X release control depending on the temperature of the NO X catalyst device when performing SO X release control. The system uses the residual SO X storage amount of the current SO X release control as the basis to calculate the SO X release speed at each timing in the current SO X release control.

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Номер записи: 1
11-07-2013 дата публикации

INORGANIC OXIDES FOR CO2 CAPTURE FROM EXHAUST SYSTEMS

Номер: US20130174739A1
Автор: Dvininov Emiliana Mariana, Stephenson Hazel
Принадлежит: Magnesium Elektron Limited

This invention relates to the utilization of regenerable water tolerant solid materials for the abatements of COemissions from internal combustion engine exhaust streams through repetitive sorption/desorption cycles. The system, which is designed to be used in a gasoline, lean gasoline, diesel passenger car, diesel truck, stationary engine with 50 Hz or 60 Hz electrical frequency, or a SOFC, will contain a solid sorbent which contains zirconium and will be able to reduce on board the average carbon emissions by up to 10 wt %. The preferred materials have been selected from the class of hydrotalcite type compounds and/or earth and alkaline earth zirconates. 1. A system for the controlled capture , on board storage and release of carbon dioxide from engine exhaust stream which uses a regenerable , water tolerant solid inorganic oxide material , where the system is located upstream , downstream or within a catalytic converter and can be regenerated by heating to a temperature up to 800° C.2. A system as in specifically for use in a gasoline claim 1 , lean gasoline claim 1 , diesel passenger car claim 1 , diesel truck claim 1 , stationary engine with 50 Hz or 60 Hz electrical frequency claim 1 , or a SOFC data (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell).3. A system as claimed in which contains a material which has at least 1 wt % of a zirconium based compound.4. A system as claimed in which contains a material which is based on a layered structure claim 1 , preferably a layered double hydroxide or hydrotalcite.5. A system as claimed in claim 1 , which contains a material which is based on lithium zirconate structure.6. A system as claimed in which contains a material which has at least 1 wt % of a lithium based compound.7. A system as claimed in which contains a material which contains at least 1 wt % of a lithium based compound claim 1 , and 1 wt % of a zirconium based compound.8. A system as in which is regenerable by heating at temperatures between 300 and 800° C.9. A system as in which ...

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Номер записи: 2
26-12-2013 дата публикации

Oxidation catalyst for a lean burn internal combustion engine

Номер: US20130340414A1
Автор: Andrew Francis Chiffey, Daniel Swallow, David Bergeal, James Wylie, Marie Feuersein, Paul Richard Phillips, Wolfgang Strehlau
Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

An apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a lean-burn internal combustion engine, engine management means and an exhaust system for treating exhaust gas of the engine. The exhaust system comprises a first oxidation catalyst disposed on a first honeycomb monolith substrate. The first oxidation catalyst comprises platinum supported on a first metal oxide support comprising at least one reducible oxide, and is substantially free of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. The engine management means is arranged, when in use, intermittently to modulate the lambda composition of the exhaust gas entering the first oxidation catalyst to a rich lambda composition.

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Номер записи: 3
27-03-2014 дата публикации

METHOD FOR REGENERATING A NITROGEN OXIDE STORAGE CATALYTIC CONVERTER AND A DEVICE FOR THIS PURPOSE

Номер: US20140083082A1
Автор: Severin Christopher, WITTKA Thomas
Принадлежит:

Methods for regenerating a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter which is monitored to ensure that it exhibits a sufficient operating temperature for its regeneration, and a regeneration occurs at a point in time in which a flow rate (v) of an exhaust flow through the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter () has at least decreased in comparison to an immediately preceding time period. A vehicle for the operation in different operating ranges, having an exhaust post-treatment, exhibiting at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter and a reformer that provides for a reformate injection in an exhaust system prior to the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, and having a stored regeneration program for the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, which provides for a triggering of the regeneration when an operational state is detected in which no load is demanded of the internal combustion engine, preferably when the motor is at rest. 1. A method for regenerating a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter , used in a vehicle , which is operated in different operating ranges , wherein the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter is monitored to ensure that it exhibits a sufficient operating temperature for its regeneration , and a regeneration occurs at a point in time in which a flow rate of an exhaust flow through the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter has at least decreased in comparison to an immediately preceding time period.2. The method for regeneration according to claim 1 , wherein the comparison to an immediately preceding time period occurs.3. The method for regeneration according to claim 1 , wherein the regeneration occurs when the motor is at rest and/or is idling.4. The method for regeneration according to claim 1 , wherein the regeneration occurs during the stop segment of an automatic start-stop function claim 1 , preferably in a coasting model state of the vehicle.5. The method for regeneration according to ...

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Номер записи: 4
12-01-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170009624A1
Автор: Hirooka Shigemasa
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprises an upstream side catalyst, a downstream side catalyst, a downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor provided between the upstream side catalyst and the downstream side catalyst, and a control device able to control an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the upstream side catalyst as air-fuel ratio control. In the air-fuel ratio control, the control device switches the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to the lean air-fuel ratio when the output air-fuel ratio of the downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor becomes the rich judged air-fuel ratio or less and switches the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to the rich air-fuel ratio when the oxygen storage amount of the upstream side catalyst becomes the switching reference storage amount or more. During the air-fuel ratio control, the control device increases the concentration of NOin the exhaust gas flowing into the upstream side catalyst when the oxygen storage amount of the downstream side catalyst becomes the limit storage amount or less as control for increasing NO. As a result, NOis kept from flowing out from the downstream side catalyst. 1. An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine comprising:an upstream side catalyst provided in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine;a downstream side catalyst provided at a downstream side from the upstream side catalyst in a direction of exhaust flow in the exhaust passage;a downstream side air-fuel ratio sensor provided between the upstream side catalyst and the downstream side catalyst in the exhaust passage; anda control device configured to be able to control an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas flowing into the upstream side catalyst as air-fuel ratio control,wherein the control device is further configured to:switch the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the upstream side catalyst to a lean air-fuel ratio leaner than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio if an ...

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Номер записи: 5
12-01-2017 дата публикации

DETERIORATION DIAGNOSIS APPARATUS FOR EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS

Номер: US20170009626A1
Автор: Hagiwara Koji, Iwazaki Yasushi, Kidokoro Toru, MIYOSHI Yuji, SAITOH Hirotaka
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A deterioration diagnosis apparatus for an exhaust gas purification apparatus according to the invention performs an induction process when an internal combustion engine is operating at a lean air-fuel ratio, measures the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the SCR catalyst and the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing out of the SCR catalyst by the air-fuel ratio sensor during the period through which the induction process is performed, and diagnoses deterioration of the SCR catalyst based on the difference between the air-fuel ratios thus measured. The diagnosis apparatus adjusts the quantity of reducing agent supplied to a hydrogen production catalyst during the period through which the induction process is performed, taking account of the degree of deterioration of the hydrogen production catalyst. 1. A deterioration diagnosis apparatus to be applied to an exhaust gas purification apparatus including a first exhaust gas purification device provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine capable of operating in a lean-burn mode and including a hydrogen production catalyst that brings about a water gas shift reaction using a reducing agent produced by combustion of air-fuel mixture when the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is equal to a predetermined rich air-fuel ratio lower than the theoretical air-fuel ratio , a second exhaust gas purification device provided in the exhaust passage downstream of said first exhaust gas purification device and including a selective catalytic reduction catalyst that stores oxygen in exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is a lean air-fuel ratio higher than the theoretical air fuel ratio and desorbs oxygen stored therein when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is lower than the theoretical air-fuel ratio , a first air-fuel ratio sensor that measures a physical quantity correlating with the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into said second exhaust gas purification ...

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Номер записи: 6
09-01-2020 дата публикации

CONTROLLER AND METHOD OF OPERATING AN EXHAUST-GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20200011220A1
Автор: VACCA Daniele
Принадлежит:

A controller for an exhaust-gas purification system of a vehicle, may be configured to activate a regeneration of a diesel particulate filter when an amount of exhaust particles inside the diesel particulate filter exceeds a predetermined threshold level, and to activate a regeneration of an NOx trap catalyst at least when an amount of NOx adsorbed to the NOx trap catalyst exceeds a predetermined NOx threshold value, and wherein the controller is further designed to activate the regeneration the NOx trap catalyst at least sometimes at a beginning of and/or during the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter. The present invention further provides a corresponding method of operating an exhaust-gas purification system of a vehicle. 1. A controller for an exhaust-gas purification system of a vehicle , wherein the controller is configured:to activate a regeneration of a diesel particulate filter of the exhaust-gas purification system when an amount of exhaust particles inside the diesel particulate filter exceeds a predetermined threshold level; andto activate a regeneration of an NOx trap catalyst of the exhaust-gas purification system when an amount of NOx adsorbed to the NOx trap catalyst exceeds a predetermined first NOx threshold value.2. The controller according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to activate the regeneration of the NOx trap catalyst at a beginning of or during the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter.3. The controller according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is further configured to activate the regeneration of the NOx trap catalyst at a beginning of or during the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter when the amount of NOx adsorbed to the NOx trap catalyst exceeds a predetermined second NOx threshold value smaller than the first predetermined NOx threshold value.4. The controller according to claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to trigger an injection device of a combustion engine of ...

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Номер записи: 7
19-01-2017 дата публикации

REGENERATION METHOD FOR EXHAUST-GAS AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEMS

Номер: US20170016368A1
Автор: Adam Frank, KUNERT Susanne, MUELLER SEBASTIAN, PALM David
Принадлежит: UMICORE AG & CO. KG

The present invention relates to a method for regenerating exhaust-gas aftertreatment systems capable of storing nitrogen oxides in lean exhaust gas, and in rich exhaust gas of reducing nitrogen oxides to nitrogen. The invention is used in exhaust-gas aftertreatment systems which consist of at least one NOx storage catalyst arranged near the engine and at least one NOx storage catalyst located in the underbody of the vehicle and are intended to clean the exhaust gas of spark-ignition engines predominantly run on a lean mixture. 1. A method for the regeneration of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system for predominantly lean-operated spark-ignition combustion engines having one or more nitrogen oxide storage catalysts arranged near the engine and one or more nitrogen oxide storage catalysts located in the underbody of the vehicle , characterized in that during the regeneration of the nitrogen oxide storage catalysts arranged near the engine , a complete emptying of these nitrogen oxide storage catalysts is not produced if the nitrogen oxide storage catalysts located in the underbody are within a temperature range in which ammonia is oxidized to form nitrous oxide.2. The method according to claim 1 ,characterized in that the exhaust gas aftertreatment system additionally has one or more three-way catalysts between the nitrogen oxide storage catalysts arranged near the engine and the engine.3. The method according to claim 1 ,characterized in thatthe regeneration is ended if the nitrogen oxide storage arranged near the engine is at most 90% emptied.4. The method according to claim 3 ,characterized in thatthe regeneration is performed only at a temperature of the nitrogen oxide storage catalysts in the underbody of the vehicle from 220-400° C.5. The method according to claim 1 ,characterized in thatthe regeneration is performed only at a temperature of the nitrogen oxide storage catalysts in the underbody of the vehicle from 220-400° C. The present invention relates to a ...

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Номер записи: 8
17-04-2014 дата публикации

REGENERATION METHOD AND MOTOR VEHICLE

Номер: US20140102079A1
Автор: Bartsch Leonhard, Harmsen Jan, Linzen Frank, Schneider Matthew Allen, Yacoub Yasser Mohamed sayed
Принадлежит: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, LLC

A regeneration method () for regenerating an adsorber (), connected downstream of an internal combustion engine (), of a motor vehicle () with a hybrid drive train is described. The internal combustion engine () is operated in a phase of rich combustion for regeneration of the adsorber (). According to the description, an engine load () and/or an engine rotational speed () of the internal combustion engine () for the rich combustion is influenced by means of an electric machine () which can be coupled mechanically to the internal combustion engine (). 1. A regeneration method for regenerating an adsorber , connected downstream of an internal combustion engine , of a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive train , wherein the internal combustion engine is operated in a phase of rich combustion for regeneration of the adsorber , wherein an engine load and/or an engine rotational speed of the internal combustion engine for the rich combustion is influenced via an electric machine which can be coupled mechanically to the internal combustion engine.2. The regeneration method of claim 1 , where in which in at least one mode an initial operating point of the internal combustion engine which is in a range which is unsuitable for the rich combustion is shifted to a target operating point in an operating range which is suitable for the rich combustion.3. The regeneration method of claim 2 , where in a first mode an initial operating point of the internal combustion engine which is in a range of excessively low engine load claim 2 , which is unsuitable for the rich combustion claim 2 , is shifted to the target operating point in the operating range by virtue of the fact that the internal combustion engine additionally drives the electric machine as a generator claim 2 , and therefore the engine load is increased.4. The regeneration method of claim 3 , in which the electric machine which is operated as a generator recharges an accumulator.5. The regeneration method of claims 4 , ...

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Номер записи: 9
26-01-2017 дата публикации

Method and system for removing sulfur from a lean nox trap

Номер: US20170022863A1
Автор: James Wright, Paspuleti Ashish Kumar NAIDU, Peter George Brittle
Принадлежит: FORD GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES LLC

A method of removing sulfur from a lean NOx trap of a mild hybrid vehicle while the vehicle is stationary is disclosed, the method comprising connecting an electrical system of the vehicle to a large capacity external battery, operating an integrated starter generator driven by an engine of the vehicle as a generator to load the engine thereby allowing the engine to be operated at a higher torque level and rich of stoichiometric and storing the electrical energy produced by the integrated starter generator in the large capacity battery during the time period required for the removal of sulfur from the lean NOx trap.

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Номер записи: 10
25-01-2018 дата публикации

Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine

Номер: US20180023436A1
Автор: Koichi Inaba, Masafumi Sakota, Michitaka Yamaguchi, Nobuhiro Komatsu, Ryosaku Takahara, Takahiro Kogawa
Принадлежит: Honda Motor Co Ltd, Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co Ltd

An exhaust gas purification device is equipped with: an NOx purification unit disposed in exhaust gas piping of an engine supporting an NOx storage catalyst (NSC); a catalyzed soot filter (CSF) disposed downstream of the NOx purification unit supporting a particulate combustion catalyst causing captured particulates to combust; and an electronic control unit (ECU) which controls exhaust gas flowing into the NSC to be rich and which, by raising the temperature of the NSC, acts as a regeneration device that causes sulfur components captured in the NSC to be desorbed. The particulate combustion catalyst is provided where Ag and Pd have been alloyed on an Al 2 O 3 carrier; the quantity of Ag supported by the Al 2 O 3 carrier is 1.2-2.5 g/L; the quantity of Pd supported by the Al 2 O 3 carrier is 0.7 g/L or less; and the ratio Ag/Pd of the Ag support quantity to the Pd support quantity is 1.7-8.3.

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Номер записи: 11
29-01-2015 дата публикации

SCR TREATMENT OF ENGINE EXHAUST GASES USING TEMPERATURE CONTROL

Номер: US20150027105A1
Автор: BENDING Robert, Bevan Neil, Davies Michael, JONES Alan
Принадлежит:

The exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is periodically dosed to recharge an SCR catalyst with ammonia. If dosing is scheduled and exhaust gas temperature is too low to ensure recharging, a forced increase in exhaust gas temperature is effected for the period of dosing. A diagnostic to confirm correct operation of a catalytic converter may advantageously run at the same time. 117-. (canceled)18. A method of recharging a reducing agent of an SCR catalyst of an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine using a thermally decomposable substance , the method comprising:determining that recharging of the SCR catalyst is required;determining whether the temperature of exhaust gas in a recharging region of the exhaust system is in a first range or a second range above the first range, wherein in the first range the substance cannot thermally decompose and in the second range the substance can thermally decompose;if the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region is in the second range, injecting the thermally decomposable substance into or upstream of the recharging region to recharge the SCR catalyst;if the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region is in the first range, raising the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region into the second range; andinjecting the thermally decomposable substance into or upstream of the recharging region to recharge the SCR catalyst.19. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region decreases into the first range after the SCR catalyst is recharged.20. A method according to claim 19 , wherein the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region reverts claim 19 , after the SCR catalyst is recharged claim 19 , to the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region before the temperature of the exhaust gas in the recharging region was raised.21. A method according to claim 18 , wherein the temperature of the exhaust ...

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Номер записи: 12
29-01-2015 дата публикации

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20150027106A1
Автор: Brown David B., DE FILIPPO Andrea, Mital Rahul
Принадлежит:

A method and control apparatus is disclosed for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with an after-treatment system including a catalyst. The control is configured to: perform a DeNOregeneration event; monitor a parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst and a parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst; and perform a dedicated operating phase of the internal combustion engine to achieve an increase of the NOemissions, if the value of the parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst is lower than the value of the parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst. 111-. (canceled)12. A control apparatus for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with an after-treatment system having a catalyst , the control apparatus comprising:an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) configured to:{'sub': 'x', 'perform a DeNOregeneration event;'}{'sub': up', 'down, 'monitor a parameter (1)representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst, and a parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst; and'}{'sub': x', 'down', 'up, 'perform a dedicated operating phase of the internal combustion engine to achieve an increase of the NOemissions, if the value of the parameter (1) representative of an air-to-fuel ratio downstream of the catalyst is lower than the value of the parameter (1)representative of an air-to-fuel ratio upstream of the catalyst.'}13. The control apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the Electronic Control Unit is configured to increase of the NOemissions of the internal combustion engine by increasing an air quantity drawn into the engine.1411. The control apparatus according to claim claim 12 , wherein the Electronic Control Unit is configured to increase of the NOemissions of the internal combustion engine by decreasing EGR recirculation mass flow.1511. The control apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 13
29-01-2015 дата публикации

NOX CONTROL DURING ENGINE IDLE-STOP OPERATIONS

Номер: US20150027107A1
Автор: Cavataio Giovanni, Doering Jeffrey Allen, Kerns James Michael, Leone Thomas G., Rumpsa Todd Anthony, Theis Joseph Robert, Uhrich Michael James
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for improving engine exhaust emissions while enabling exhaust catalyst regeneration following an engine lean event. Prior to a VDE event, or prior to an engine idle-stop, ammonia is produced and stored on an exhaust underbody SCR catalyst. Then, during the engine restart after the VDE mode or the idle-stop, the stored ammonia is used to treat exhaust NOx species while an upstream exhaust underbody three-way catalyst is regenerated. 1. An engine method , comprising:during engine running, flowing exhaust through each of a first, second, and third close-coupled three-way catalyst to store exhaust ammonia on the first catalyst, the second catalyst located downstream of, and the third catalyst located upstream of, the first catalyst;selectively deactivating the engine during an idle-stop; andduring an engine restart from idle-stop, adjusting regeneration of the third catalyst based on an ammonia content of the first catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst is an SCR catalyst and the second and third catalysts are three-way catalysts claim 1 , the method further comprising claim 1 , after regenerating the third catalyst claim 1 , in response to a high load engine operation claim 1 , adjusting regeneration of the second catalyst.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first catalyst and the second catalyst are integrated with face-sharing contact in an emission control device coupled to an engine exhaust manifold.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein regenerating the third catalyst includes claim 2 , during the engine restart claim 2 , adjusting a fuel injection to the engine to provide an exhaust air-to-fuel ratio that is richer than stoichiometry to regenerate the third catalyst.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein adjusting the regeneration includes claim 4 , as the ammonia content of the first catalyst increases above a threshold claim 4 , reducing a degree of richness of the regenerating fuel injection.6. The method of ...

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Номер записи: 14
09-02-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170037757A1
Автор: Tanaka Hiroyuki
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A three-way catalyst, an NSR catalyst, and an SCR catalyst are provided in this order for an exhaust gas passage, wherein the air-fuel ratio (AFR) is set to a first AFR which is a rich AFR before the AFR is switched from a theoretical AFR to a lean AFR, and then the AFR is set to a second AFR which is higher than the first AFR and lower than the theoretical AFR if a NOx occlusion amount is less than a threshold value during a period until an NHadsorption amount of the SCR catalyst becomes a predetermined adsorption amount, while the AFR is set to a third AFR which is higher than the first AFR and lower than the second AFR if the NOx occlusion amount is not less than the threshold value. 1. An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine , comprising:{'sub': '3', 'a three-way catalyst which is provided for an exhaust gas passage of the internal combustion engine, which has an ability to store oxygen, and which produces NHwhen an air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas is lower than a theoretical air-fuel ratio;'}a storage reduction NOx catalyst which is provided for the exhaust gas passage downstream from the three-way catalyst, which has an ability to store oxygen, which is a catalyst to occlude NOx when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is a lean air-fuel ratio, and which reduces NOx occluded by the catalyst when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is not more than the theoretical air-fuel ratio;{'sub': '3', 'a selective catalytic reduction NOx catalyst which is provided for the exhaust gas passage downstream from the storage reduction NOx catalyst and which reduces NOx by using NHas a reducing agent; and'}a controller comprising at least one processor configured to adjust the air-fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine, wherein: estimate a NOx occlusion amount of the storage reduction NOx catalyst;', {'sub': '3', 'estimate an NHadsorption amount of the selective catalytic reduction NOx catalyst; and'}, {'sub': 3', '.', '3', '3', '3, ' ...

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Номер записи: 15
09-02-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS CONTROL APPARATUS AND EXHAUST GAS CONTROL METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170037801A1
Автор: OTA Hirohiko
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

An exhaust gas control apparatus and method for an engine includes a urea water supply mechanism that adds urea water to exhaust gas, a SCR catalyst that adsorbs ammonia and removes NOx in the exhaust gas by using the adsorbed ammonia, and a control device that controls a urea water addition amount based on a target adsorption amount for the ammonia adsorbed onto the SCR catalyst. The control device executes an integration processing that acquires a temperature of the SCR catalyst at a predetermined cycle and integrates the acquired temperature of the SCR catalyst when equal to or higher than a threshold, and an initialization processing that decreases the amount of the ammonia adsorbed on the SCR catalyst on a condition that an integrated value of the temperature of the SCR catalyst calculated in the integration processing has become equal to or higher than a predetermined value. 1. An exhaust gas control system for an internal combustion engine including an exhaust gas control apparatus , the exhaust gas control apparatus including an injector and a catalyst , the injector being configured to add urea water to exhaust gas , and the catalyst being configured to adsorb ammonia resulting from the urea water and remove NOx in the exhaust gas by using the adsorbed ammonia , the exhaust gas control system comprising: (i) set a target adsorption amount for the ammonia adsorbed onto the catalyst;', '(ii) control a urea water addition amount by the injector based on the target adsorption amount;', '(iii) acquire a temperature of the catalyst;', '(iv) execute an integration processing that acquires the temperature of the catalyst at a predetermined cycle and integrates the acquired temperature of the catalyst when equal to or higher than a threshold temperature determined in advance; and', '(v) execute an initialization processing that decreases the amount of the ammonia adsorbed on the catalyst on a condition that an integrated value of the temperature of the catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 16
16-02-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF OPERATING AN AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEM

Номер: US20170044946A1
Автор: CESPEDES GARCIA Jaime Andres, MERLINO Gennaro
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method is disclosed for operating an automotive system having an internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system including a Lean NOTrap (LNT) upstream of a Selective Catalytic Reduction washcoated particulate filter (SCRF). A LNT inlet temperature is monitored. A parameter representative of a quantity of NOstored in the LNT is also monitored. A map correlating the LNT inlet temperature and the quantity of NOstored in the LNT is used to estimate an ammonia quantity produced during a LNT regeneration. A LNT regeneration is performed, if the estimated ammonia quantity is greater than a threshold value thereof. 112-. (canceled)13. A method of operating an automotive system having an internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system including a lean NOx trap upstream of a particulate filter with a selective catalytic reduction , the method comprising:monitoring an inlet temperature of the lean NOx trap;monitoring a parameter representative of a quantity of NOx stored in the lean NOx trap;using a map correlating the lean NOx trap inlet temperature and the quantity of NOx stored in the lean NOx trap to determine an ammonia quantity produced during a lean NOx trap regeneration at such values of the lean NOx trap inlet temperature and of the parameter representative of a quantity of NOx stored in the lean NOx trap;performing a lean NOx trap regeneration when the determined ammonia quantity is greater than a threshold value thereof.14. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising performing the lean NOx trap regeneration at a predefined value of an air-to-fuel ratio at an inlet of the lean NOx trap.15. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising performing the lean NOx trap regeneration when an ammonia storage capacity of the particulate filter is not exceeded.16. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising performing the lean NOx trap regeneration when a probability of completion of the ...

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Номер записи: 17
16-02-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170044953A1
Автор: Shinoda Yoshihisa
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

An amount of ammonia flowing out from an SCR catalyst is reduced at the time of carrying out rich spike control to reduce an amount of NOx stored in an NSR catalyst. The NSR catalyst and the SCR catalyst are arranged in order in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine which is able to be operated at a lean air fuel ratio, wherein a target air fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the NSR catalyst during the rich spike control is made higher within the range of a rich air fuel ratio, in the case where the outflow of ammonia from the SCR catalyst in accompany with the rich spike control is estimated or detected, than in the case where it is not estimated or detected. 1. An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine which is able to be operated at a lean air fuel ratio , said apparatus comprising:an NOx storage reduction catalyst that is arranged in an exhaust passage of said internal combustion engine, and serves to store NOx when an air fuel ratio of exhaust gas is a lean air fuel ratio, and to reduce the NOx thus stored when the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is equal to or less than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio, wherein ammonia is produced in a reducing atmosphere in which a predetermined amount of a reducing agent exists;an NOx selective catalytic reduction catalyst that is arranged in said exhaust passage at a location downstream of said NOx storage reduction catalyst, and serves to adsorb ammonia and to reduce the NOx by using the ammonia thus adsorbed as a reducing agent;an ammonia outflow detector configured to estimate or detect an outflow of ammonia from said NOx selective catalytic reduction catalyst; anda controller comprising at least one processor configured to carry out rich spike control in which an air fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into said NOx storage reduction catalyst is controlled to a rich air fuel ratio;wherein said controller farther configured to carry out air fuel ratio raising control in ...

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Номер записи: 18
23-02-2017 дата публикации

EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM AND EMISSION CONTROL METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170051647A1
Автор: Iida Masahide, KURISAKA Itsuya
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

An emission control system and method execute a regeneration control such that a catalyst device recovers from poisoning, in a first control mode in which a temperature raising operation and a releasing operation are alternately repeated and in a second control mode in which the temperature raising operation and the releasing operation are alternately repeated. In the first control mode, the temperature raising operation is performed by post injection from a fuel injector. In the second control mode, the temperature raising operation is performed by adding fuel into exhaust gas from an addition valve such that the HC concentration in exhaust gas oscillates with an amplitude within a first specified range and a cycle within a second specified range. The control mode is switched from the first control mode to the second control mode during the regeneration control. 1. An emission control system for an internal combustion engine , the internal combustion engine including a cylinder and an exhaust passage , exhaust gas emitted from the cylinder flowing in the exhaust passage , the emission control system comprising:a fuel injection valve configured to perform post injection of fuel into the cylinder after a combustion stroke in the internal combustion engine;a fuel addition valve provided in the exhaust passage and configured to add unburned fuel into the exhaust gas;a catalyst device provided downstream of the fuel addition valve in the exhaust passage, the catalyst device being configured to reduce nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas through reaction of the nitrogen oxides with hydrocarbon, the catalyst device including a noble-metal catalyst supported on a contact surface that contacts with the exhaust gas, and the catalyst device including an exhaust-gas contact surface around the noble-metal catalyst, the exhaust-gas contact surface being a basic surface, the catalyst device reducing the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas when a hydrocarbon concentration in the ...

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Номер записи: 19
23-02-2017 дата публикации

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CONTROL METHOD

Номер: US20170051651A1
Автор: KURISAKA Itsuya
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A control system includes an ECU that controls supply of fuel from an addition valve and supply of fuel from an injection valve, estimates or detects a degree of end-face clogging on an exhaust-gas inflow side of a NOx catalyst, and sets an inlet temperature of the NOx catalyst by use of the fuel supplied from the injection valve to a higher level and sets an amount of the fuel supplied from the addition valve to a smaller value in a case where the degree of end-face clogging is equal to or larger than a predetermined value, compared to the case where the degree of end-face clogging is smaller than the predetermined value, when there also is a request for regeneration of an exhaust purification filter and/or a request for regeneration of the NOx catalyst. 1. A control system for an internal combustion engine that includes an exhaust passage , a NOx conversion catalyst , an exhaust purification filter , a fuel addition valve and a fuel injection valve , (i) the NOx conversion catalyst and the exhaust purification filter being arranged in the exhaust passage in order from an upstream side to a downstream side in a direction of flow of exhaust gas in the exhaust passage , (ii) the fuel addition valve being provided in the exhaust passage upstream of the NOx conversion catalyst and being configured to supply a fuel into the exhaust passage from an upstream side of the NOx conversion catalyst , and (iii) the fuel injection valve being configured to supply the fuel into a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine , the control system comprising: control supply of the fuel from the fuel addition valve and supply of the fuel from the fuel injection valve;', 'determine a degree of end-face clogging on an exhaust-gas inflow side of the NOx conversion catalyst; and', 'when a request for regeneration of the exhaust purification filter and/or a request for regeneration of the NOx conversion catalyst is made, (A) set an inlet temperature of the NOx conversion catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 20
03-03-2016 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20160061077A1
Автор: Nagaoka Daiji, Sakamoto Takayuki
Принадлежит: Isuzu Motors Limited

An exhaust gas purification system which can suppress a decrease in engine torque during a desulfurization process applied to a NOx storage reduction catalyst. The system includes a NOx storage reduction catalyst in an exhaust pipe of an engine, and a desulfurization process control unit that controls an amount of intake air introduced to the engine to enrich the exhaust gas, and performs a desulfurization process to the NOx storage reduction catalyst. The desulfurization process control unit is configured to gradually reduce an amount of intake air when the desulfurization process is commenced. 1. An exhaust gas purification system comprising:a NOx storage reduction catalyst disposed in an exhaust pipe of an engine; anda desulfurization process control unit configured to control an amount of intake air introduced to the engine to bring an exhaust gas to a rich condition, and perform a desulfurization process to the NOx storage reduction catalyst, the desulfurization process control unit being configured to gradually reduce the amount of intake air when the desulfurization process is commenced.2. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1 , wherein the desulfurization process control unit includes:a target intake air amount calculating unit configured to obtain a target amount of intake air based on operation parameters of the engine;a coefficient map of changing rate that decides a coefficient of changing rate in accordance with deviation between the target amount of intake air and an actual amount of intake air, and time elapsing from commencement of the desulfurization process;a transitional target intake air amount calculating unit configured to obtain a transitional target amount of intake air by multiplying the target amount of intake air, which is obtained by the target intake air amount calculating unit, by the coefficient of changing rate, which is obtained from the coefficient map; andan intake air amount control unit configured to control ...

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Номер записи: 21
02-03-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF OPERATING AN ENGINE

Номер: US20170058805A1
Автор: Bromham James, Ford Kim, Schneider Matthew Allen
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for regenerating a lean NOx trap. In one example, a method may include, responsive to an indication to regenerate a lean NOx trap (LNT), operating an engine with an overall rich air-fuel ratio to regenerate the LNT while minimizing fuel oil dilution by operating each cylinder of the engine with an alternating rich to lean air-fuel ratio pattern of two rich combustion events for every one lean combustion event across a plurality of engine cycles. 1. A method of operating a multi-cylinder lean burn engine arranged to supply exhaust gas to a lean NOx trap , the method comprising:checking whether regeneration of the lean NOx trap is indicated and whether a current temperature of one of the lean NOx trap and exhaust gas supplied to the lean NOx trap is above a threshold temperature to permit efficient regeneration of the lean NOx trap;when regeneration of the lean NOx trap is indicated and the current temperature of one of the lean NOx trap and the exhaust gas supplied to the lean NOx trap is not greater than the threshold temperature, operating the engine in a lean NOx trap heating mode in which at least one cylinder of the engine is operated rich of stoichiometric in order to increase the temperature of the lean NOx trap and at the same time operating at least one of the remaining cylinders of the engine lean of stoichiometric; andwhen regeneration of the lean NOx trap is indicated and the temperature of one of the lean NOx trap and the exhaust gas supplied to the lean NOx trap is above the threshold temperature, regenerating the lean NOx trap,wherein during the lean NOx trap heating mode, a number of cylinders of the engine operated rich and a respective air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the rich cylinders of the engine and a number of cylinders of the engine operated lean and a respective air-fuel ratio of the mixture supplied to the lean cylinders of the engine are set so as to produce a commanded air-fuel ratio of the exhaust ...

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Номер записи: 22
28-02-2019 дата публикации

EXHAUST SYSTEM WITH A MODIFIED LEAN NOx TRAP

Номер: US20190063287A1
Автор: SWALLOW DANIEL
Принадлежит:

An exhaust system for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The system comprises a modified lean NOtrap (LNT), a urea injection system, and an ammonia-selective catalytic reduction (NH-SCR) catalyst. The modified LNT comprises platinum, palladium, barium, and a ceria-containing material, and has a platinum:palladium molar ratio of at least 3:1. The modified LNT stores NOat temperatures below about 200° C. and releases the stored NOat temperatures above about 200° C. The urea injection system injects urea at temperatures above about 180° C. 1. An exhaust system for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine , comprising:{'sub': 'x', '(a) a lean NOtrap (LNT), wherein the LNT comprises platinum, palladium, barium, and a ceria-containing material and the LNT has a platinum:palladium molar ratio of at least 3:1;'}(b) a urea injection system; and{'sub': '3', '(c) an ammonia-selective catalytic reduction (NH-SCR) catalyst,'}{'sub': '3', 'wherein there is no intervening catalysts between the LNT and the NH-SCR catalyst.'}2. (canceled)3. The exhaust system of wherein the LNT has a platinum:palladium molar ratio of at least 4:1.4. The exhaust system of wherein the LNT has a barium loading of greater than 150 g/ft.5. The method of wherein the LNT has a barium loading of greater than 400 g/ft.6. The exhaust system of wherein the NH-SCR catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a vanadia-titania catalyst claim 1 , a vanadia-tungsta-titania catalyst claim 1 , and a metal/zeolite.7. The exhaust system of wherein the metal/zeolite comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of iron or copper and a zeolite selected from the group consisting of a beta zeolite claim 6 , a faujasite claim 6 , an L-zeolite claim 6 , a ZSM zeolite claim 6 , an SSZ-zeolite claim 6 , a ferrierite claim 6 , a mordenite claim 6 , a chabazite claim 6 , an offretite claim 6 , an erionite claim 6 , a clinoptilolite claim 6 , a silicalite claim ...

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Номер записи: 23
19-03-2015 дата публикации

EXHAUST SYSTEM WITH A MODIFIED LEAN NOx TRAP

Номер: US20150075140A1
Автор: Daniel Swallow
Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

An exhaust system for treating an exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The system comprises a modified lean NO x trap (LNT), a urea injection system, and an ammonia-selective catalytic reduction (NH 3 -SCR) catalyst. The modified LNT comprises platinum, palladium, barium, and a ceria-containing material, and has a platinum:palladium molar ratio of at least 3:1. The modified LNT stores NO x at temperatures below about 200° C. and releases the stored NO x at temperatures above about 200° C. The urea injection system injects urea at temperatures above about 180° C.

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Номер записи: 24
16-03-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF OPERATING AN AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEM OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170074137A1
Автор: Cifali Giancarlo, MERLINO Gennaro, SANNINO Salvatore
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method of operating an aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine having a lean nitrogen-oxides trap and a reductant storage device placed downstream of the lean nitrogen-oxides trap is disclosed. A regeneration of the lean nitrogen-oxides trap is performed. During the regeneration, a reductant concentration between the lean nitrogen-oxides trap and the reductant storage device is measured. An amount of reductant produced by the nitrogen-oxides trap is calculated on the basis of the measured concentration. The amount of reductant produced may be used to stop regeneration of the LNT if this amount reaches the maximum available storage capacity, or to trigger a test of the proper functioning of the reductant storage device if there is at least a minimum amount of reductant available, or to switch to another operation mode of the reductant storage device and/or the LNT, in particular if this amount is larger than a threshold value. 115-. (canceled)16. A method of operating an aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine having a lean nitrogen-oxides trap and a reductant storage device downstream of the lean nitrogen-oxides trap , the method comprising:performing a regeneration of the lean nitrogen-oxides trap;measuring a reductant concentration in an exhaust gas between the lean nitrogen-oxides trap and the reductant storage device during the regeneration; andcalculating an amount of reductant produced by the lean nitrogen-oxides trap on the basis of the measured reductant concentration.17. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising measuring the reductant concentration with a NOx sensor having a cross sensitivity for the reductant.18. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising measuring the reductant concentration when a predetermined enabling condition is fulfilled.19. The method according to claim 18 , further comprising:estimating a nitrogen oxides concentration in the exhaust gas downstream of the lean nitrogen-oxides ...

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Номер записи: 25
14-03-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR DETECTING CATALYST DETERIORATION OF VEHICLE

Номер: US20190078490A1
Автор: Cho Byung-Hoon, Lee Dong-Hoon
Принадлежит:

A method for detecting catalyst deterioration in a vehicle includes executing a fuel-cut mode of an engine of the vehicle according to a operating state of the vehicle; calculating an oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of a catalyst using an oxygen sensor during the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine; and calculating catalyst deterioration based on the calculated OSC. 1. A method for detecting catalyst deterioration in a vehicle , comprising:executing, by a controller, a fuel-cut mode of an engine of the vehicle according to a operating state of the vehicle;calculating, by the controller, an oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of a catalyst using an oxygen sensor during the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine; andcalculating, by the controller, catalyst deterioration based on the calculated OSC.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , when a predetermined condition for calculating the OSC of the catalyst is satisfied during the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine claim 1 , the calculating of the OSC of the catalyst is performed claim 1 , and the calculated OSC is used in the calculating of the catalyst deterioration.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , when an output voltage of the oxygen sensor is within a predetermined range during the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine claim 2 , the calculating of the OSC of the catalyst is performed claim 2 , and the calculated OSC is used in the calculating of the catalyst deterioration.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , when a predetermined amount of time passes after the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine begins claim 2 , the calculating of the OSC of the catalyst is performed claim 2 , and the calculated OSC is used in the calculating of the catalyst deterioration.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , when an exhaust gas flow rate is greater than or equal to a predetermined value after the executing of the fuel-cut mode of the engine begins claim 2 , the ...

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Номер записи: 26
06-04-2017 дата публикации

Method for the operation of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system

Номер: US20170096921A1
Автор: Dieter Rothe, Florian Lutz
Принадлежит: MAN Truck and Bus SE

The invention relates to a method for the operation of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system in an exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system includes an SCR particle filter, a first reducing agent feed device for introducing the reducing agent into the exhaust tract upstream of the SCR particle filter, continuous regeneration of the SCR particle filter being possible using nitrogen dioxide as oxidizing agent, an SCR catalytic converter element arranged downstream of the SCR particle filter, and a second reducing agent feed device for introducing the reducing agent into the exhaust tract downstream of the SCR particle filter and upstream of the SCR catalytic converter element. A control unit regulates a quantity of reducing agent introduced into the exhaust tract by the first reducing agent feed device and/or by the second reducing agent feed device as a function of the temperature (TscR-PF) of the SCR particle filter.

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Номер записи: 27
23-04-2015 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REDUCING THE EMISSION OF NITROUS OXIDE

Номер: US20150107229A1
Автор: Fuchsbauer Alexandra, MUELLER Uwe, PORTEN Guido, Walz Matthias
Принадлежит:

In a method for regeneration of nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters in the exhaust gas tract of a gasoline engine assigned an exhaust aftertreatment system in the form of a Y system including two three-way catalytic converters, two downstream nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters, one shared catalytic converter for selective catalytic reduction, and a rear nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter, a first part of the exhaust gas in the first exhaust bank is set to rich and a second part of the exhaust gas in the second exhaust bank is set to lean in a first regeneration phase and subsequently, the second part of the exhaust gas in the second exhaust bank is set to rich and the first part of the exhaust gas in the first exhaust bank is set to lean in a second regeneration phase. 1. A method for regeneration of nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters in the exhaust gas tract of a gasoline engine which is operated predominantly lean , a first part of the exhaust gas of the gasoline engine being supplied in a first exhaust bank to a first three-way catalytic converter and to a first nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter connected downstream , a second part of the exhaust gas of the gasoline engine being supplied in a second exhaust bank to a second three-way catalytic converter and to a second nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter connected downstream , and the exhaust gas being subsequently merged in a shared exhaust gas tract and being supplied to a further catalytic converter for selective catalytic reduction and to a third nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter connected downstream , the method comprising:setting the first part of the exhaust gas in the first exhaust bank to rich and setting the second part of the exhaust gas in the second exhaust bank to lean in a first regeneration phase until the first nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter is regenerated, andsubsequently, setting the second part of the exhaust gas in the ...

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Номер записи: 28
04-04-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR DESULFURIZATION OF SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION DEVICES

Номер: US20190101034A1
Автор: Mital Rahul, Qi Gongshin, Yadav Anil
Принадлежит:

Described herein is a desulfurization method for desulfurizing a SCR device treating an exhaust gas. The desulfurization method includes injecting a reductant into the exhaust gas upstream from or into the SCR device and increasing a temperature of the exhaust gas. 1. An emissions control system for treating exhaust gas in a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine , the emissions control system comprising:a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device;a controller operably connected to the SCR device and configured to perform a desulfurization method to desulfurize the SCR device by:injecting a reductant into the exhaust gas upstream from or into the SCR device; andincreasing a temperature of the exhaust gas;a downstream NOx sensor operably connected to and in fluid communication with the exhaust gas, the downstream NOx sensor disposed downstream of the SCR device and operably connected to the controller; andan upstream NOx sensor operably connected to and in fluid communication with the exhaust gas, the upstream NOx sensor disposed upstream of the SCR device and operably connected to the controller,wherein the downstream NOx sensor is configured to measure a downstream NOx value of the exhaust gas from the downstream NOx sensor, andwherein the upstream NOx sensor is configured to measure a upstream NOx value of the exhaust gas from the upstream NOx sensor, andwherein the desulfurization method further comprises:measuring a downstream NOx value from the downstream NOx sensor;measuring an upstream NOx value from the upstream NOx sensor; anddetermining a NOx conversion efficiency using the downstream NOx value and the upstream NOx value,wherein, if the NOx conversion efficiency is equal to or less than a NOx conversion efficiency lower limit, the injecting of the reductant and the increasing of the temperature of the exhaust is initiated.2. The emissions control system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is programmed to inject the reductant and increase ...

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Номер записи: 29
21-04-2016 дата публикации

Aftertreatment Control for Detection of Fuel Contaminant Concentration

Номер: US20160108791A1
Автор: Brian V. Tranel, Purvarag S. Shah, Sylvain J. Charbonnel
Принадлежит: Caterpillar Inc

A method and a system for determining if fuel containing more than the desired concentration of sulfur is being combusted in an engine. The engine includes a selected catalytic reduction (SCR) module or a lean NOx trap (LNT) and the system includes various sensors and a controller for calculating NOx conversion ratio and ammonia slip. Timers are utilized for purposes of positively identifying when sulfur in the fuel is causing a substandard performance of the exhaust system. If the timers or time periods are not satisfied, a conversion ratio failure or an ammonia slip failure is attributable to equipment failure, and not sulfur in the fuel. However, if the timers are satisfied, then sulfur in the fuel is positively identified as the problem thereby enabling the operator to eliminate equipment failure as a possible source of the conversion ratio or ammonia slip failure.

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Номер записи: 30
19-04-2018 дата публикации

INTAKE AIR CONTROL DEVICE FOR VEHICLE

Номер: US20180106183A1
Автор: Kang Seung Jae, KIM Jin Ha
Принадлежит: HYUNDAI MOTOR COMPANY

An intake air control device includes: an intake air flow channel that includes an air flow pipe furcated into multiple branch flow channels that communicate with the same combustion chamber; an intake air valve provided to the air flow pipe to adjust an opening degree of the air flow pipe in accordance with a rotation angle thereof; a swirl valve provided to any one of the multiple branch flow channels to adjust an opening degree of the branch flow channel in accordance with a rotation angle thereof; and a cam plate that is rotatable and has a first cam slot. The intake air valve has a first protrusion inserted in the first cam slot. The first cam slot has a first rotation section within which the first protrusion slides and rotates about the rotational shaft of the intake air valve in response to rotation of the cam plate. 1. An intake air control device for a vehicle , the device comprising:an intake air flow channel including an air flow pipe through which intake air flows, the air flow pipe being furcated into a plurality of branch flow channels that is in fluid communication with a same combustion chamber;an intake air valve provided to the air flow pipe and configured to adjust an opening degree of the air flow pipe in accordance with a rotation angle thereof;a swirl valve provided to one of the plurality of branch flow channel and configured to adjust an opening degree of the branch flow channel in accordance with a rotation angle thereof; anda cam plate that is rotatably installed and is provided with a first cam slot;wherein the intake air valve is provided with a first protrusion in a position that is spaced from a rotational shaft thereof, the first protrusion being inserted in the first cam slot, and wherein at least a portion of the first cam slot serves as a first rotation section along which the first protrusion slides and within which the first protrusion rotates about the rotational shaft of the intake air valve in response to rotation of the cam ...

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Номер записи: 31
30-04-2015 дата публикации

Diesel Engine Nox Reduction

Номер: US20150113961A1
Автор: De Ojeda William, Han Xiaoye, Jeftic Marko, WANG Meiping, Zheng Ming
Принадлежит:

An engine system for treating nitrogen oxides present in an exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fuel. The engine system includes one or more long breathing lean nitrogen oxide traps that is/are configured to store at least a portion of the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas when the lean nitrogen oxide trap operates in an absorption mode. The lean nitrogen oxide trap is also configured for the conversion of the nitrates stored by the lean nitrogen oxide trap during a regeneration event. The engine-out nitrogen oxide levels may be reduced to extend the duration of the absorption process, thereby reducing both the frequency of regeneration events and the associated fuel penalty. The system may include primary and secondary exhaust gas recirculation systems, with exhaust gas from the secondary system being returned to the engine cylinder to reduce the level of nitrogen oxides in that exhaust gas. 1. An engine system for treating nitrogen oxides present in an exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fuel , the engine system comprising:a diesel engine configured to generate the exhaust gas by the combustion of a fuel, the diesel engine calibrated for the generated exhaust gas to have, at least periodically, an engine-out nitrogen oxide level of less than around 100 parts-per-million;a lean nitrogen oxide trap configured to store at least a portion of the nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas when the lean nitrogen oxide trap operates in an absorption mode, the lean nitrogen oxide trap configured for the conversion of a plurality of nitrates stored by the lean nitrogen oxide trap during a regeneration event, the adsorption process being, at least periodically, at least three times longer than that of a conventional LNT operating under similar conditions.2. The engine system of claim 1 , further including a primary exhaust gas recirculation system configured for at least a portion of the exhaust gas generated by the diesel engine to be circulated to an intake manifold ...

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Номер записи: 32
29-04-2021 дата публикации

Aftertreatment System and Method

Номер: US20210123366A1
Автор: Robel Wade J., Wolk Matthew T.
Принадлежит: CATERPILLAR INC.

An aftertreatment system for treating exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine includes, in series, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particular filter (DPF) downstream the DOC, and a primary selective catalyst reduction (SCR) catalyst downstream the DPF. A supplemental SCR catalyst is disposed upstream the DOC, DPF, and primary SCR catalyst to receive raw exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine. The supplemental SCR catalyst may conduct an SCR reaction on the raw exhaust gases until the supplemental SCR catalyst reaches a reaction temperature, at which time the supplemental SCR catalyst may conduct the SCR reaction. 1. An aftertreatment system comprising:{'sub': 2', '2, 'a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) receiving exhaust gases and operatively configured to oxidize carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (CxHx) in the exhaust gases to carbon dioxide (CO) and water (HO);'}a diesel particulate filter (DPF) disposed downstream of the DOC to receive exhaust gases and operatively configured to trap particulate matter from the exhaust gases;{'sub': 2', '2, 'a primary selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst disposed downstream of the DPF, the primary SCR catalyst operatively configured to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) to nitrogen (N) and water (HO) during an running mode of the aftertreatment system; and'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'a supplemental SCR catalyst disposed upstream of and close-coupled to the DOC to receive raw exhaust gases, the supplemental SCR catalyst operatively configured to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) to nitrogen (N) and water (HO) during a startup mode of the aftertreatment system.'}2. The aftertreatment system of claim 1 , wherein the supplemental SCR catalyst and the DOC are closed-coupled and adjacent each other.3. The aftertreatment system of claim 2 , further comprising:a supplemental diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) injector disposed upstream of the supplemental SCR catalyst; anda primary DEF injector disposed between the DOC and ...

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Номер записи: 33
05-05-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF PRE-EMPTIVELY REGENERATING A LEAN NOX TRAP

Номер: US20160123260A1
Автор: Bromham Jim, De Smet Frederik, Ford Kim
Принадлежит:

A method of predicting the future use of a vehicle or an engine of the vehicle is used to evaluate whether NOx slippage from a lean NOx trap is likely to occur during a current drive cycle and also for scheduling when favorable conditions are likely to exist to purge the lean NOx trap before the slippage of NOx from the lean NOx trap is expected to occur. 1. A method of pre-emptively regenerating a lean NOx trap arranged to receive exhaust gas from a lean burn engine of a vehicle , the method comprising using a prediction of future operation of the vehicle to estimate a probability of NOx slippage from the lean NOx trap during the current drive cycle , and , if NOx slippage is expected to occur in the current drive cycle , use the prediction of future operation of the vehicle to infer whether there are any forthcoming opportunities to regenerate the lean NOx trap in a favorable manner before the slippage is predicted to occur and , if such favorable opportunities exist , schedule the regeneration of the lean NOx trap for the next favorable opportunity.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the probability of whether NOx slippage is likely to occur is based upon the current level of NOx stored in the lean NOx trap and at least one engine operational factor.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the probability of whether NOx slippage is likely to occur is based upon at least two engine operational factors.4. The method of claim 2 , wherein one engine operational factor is an expected drop in air/fuel ratio.5. The method of claim 2 , wherein one engine operational factor is an expected increase in exhaust gas temperature.6. The method of claim 2 , wherein one engine operational factor is an expected significant change in exhaust gas mass flow to the lean NOx trap.7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the regeneration of the lean NOX trap in a favorable manner is scheduled to occur when the prediction indicates that the engine is expected to be operating with a low air/fuel ratio ...

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Номер записи: 34
16-04-2020 дата публикации

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD

Номер: US20200116094A1
Автор: GE Zicheng, LONARI Yahodeep, ORYOJI Kazuhiro
Принадлежит:

In some examples, a system including one or more processors may receive sensor data from one or more sensors indicating one or more engine parameters of an engine including a combustion chamber. Based on the sensor data, the system may determine a homogeneity index indicative of a homogeneity of an air-fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the system may determine an estimated amount of NOx in the exhaust gas based at least in part on the homogeneity index. In addition, based at least partially on the estimated amount of NOx in the exhaust gas, the system may send an instruction to control an engine component. 1. A system comprising:an engine including a piston mounted for reciprocating within a cylinder including a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber including an intake valve associated with an intake passage, an exhaust valve associated with an exhaust passage for receiving exhaust gas from the combustion chamber, and a fuel injector positioned to inject fuel into air received into the combustion chamber through the intake passage for combustion in the combustion chamber;one or more sensors for sensing one or more parameters of the engine;one or more processors in communication with the one or more sensors; receiving sensor data from the one or more sensors;', 'based on the sensor data, determining a homogeneity index indicative of a homogeneity of an air-fuel mixture within the combustion chamber;', 'determining an estimated amount of NOx in the exhaust gas based at least in part on the homogeneity index; and', 'controlling an engine component based at least partially on the estimated amount of NOx in the exhaust gas., 'one or more computer-readable media storing instructions which, when executed by the one or more processors, program the one or more processors to perform operations comprising2. The system as recited in claim 1 , further comprising a data structure having one or more homogeneity index distributions determined in advance ...

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Номер записи: 35
12-05-2016 дата публикации

MEMBRANE-BASED EXHAUST GAS SCRUBBING METHOD AND SYSTEM

Номер: US20160130998A1
Автор: PANZIERA Edoardo
Принадлежит:

Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method and apparatus to reduce emissions of target emission gasses such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and carbon oxides from combustion exhaust such as marine engine exhaust by gas membrane separation and liquid carrier chemical absorption. The membrane separation system consists of an absorption system containing semi-permeable hollow fiber membranes through which is circulated a liquid absorbent. Exhaust gases contact the exterior surface of the membranes and the target gasses selectively permeate the membrane wall and are absorbed by the liquid carrier(s) within the bore and thereby are removed from the exhaust stream. 1. A method for reducing the concentration of a target emission gas (TEG) from a source of marine engine exhaust gas comprising the steps of:directing said engine exhaust gas from the source into an enclosed space containing at least one array of hollow fibre semi-permeable ceramic membranes, wherein said exhaust gas contacts an exterior surface of said membranes whereupon TEG within said exhaust gas permeates through said membrane thereby lowering the concentration of said TEG within said exhaust gas;circulating a carrier liquid capable of retaining TEG compounds through bores of said hollow fibre ceramic membranes thereby elevating the concentration of said TEG compounds within said carrier liquid;discharging said exhaust gas containing a reduced TEG concentration from the enclosed space and removing said carrier liquid containing said TEG compounds therein from said hollow fibre ceramic membrane array.2. The method of wherein after said carrier liquid is removed from the membrane array claim 1 , said TEG compounds are separated from said carrier liquid to reduce the concentration thereof in said carrier liquid and said carrier liquid is then recycled back through said membrane array.3. The method of wherein said carrier liquid comprises an ionic liquid.4. The method of wherein the carrier liquid is ...

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Номер записи: 36
02-05-2019 дата публикации

REACTIVATION CONTROL APPARATUS AND METHOD

Номер: US20190128162A1
Автор: BENDING Robert, Davies Michael
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to a control unit () for controlling reactivation of a lean NOx trap (LNT) disposed in an exhaust system () connected to an internal combustion engine (), the control unit (). The control unit () has at least one processor () configured to generate a reactivate flag (RF) for the LNT (). A memory device () having instructions stored therein is coupled to the at least one processor (). The at least one processor () is configured to generate the reactivate flag (RF) when the exhaust gas supplied to the LNT () is lean and an LNT temperature (T) is greater than or equal to a predefined LNT temperature threshold (T). The present disclosure also relates to a method of controlling reactivation of the LNT (). The present disclosure also relates to a vehicle comprising reactivation control apparatus. 1. A control unit for controlling reactivation of a lean NOx trap (LNT) disposed in an exhaust system connected to an internal combustion engine , the control unit comprising:at least one processor configured to generate a reactivate flag for the LNT; anda memory device having instructions stored therein and coupled to the at least one processor;wherein the at least one processor is configured to generate said reactivate flag (RF) upon identification of the following conditions:an exhaust gas supplied to the LNT is lean; andan LNT temperature is greater than or equal to a predefined temperature threshold.2. The control unit as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to generate said reactivate flag in dependence on an integral of the LNT temperature with respect to time during an interval when the exhaust gas supplied to the LNT is lean and the LNT temperature is greater than or equal to the predefined LNT temperature threshold.3. The control unit as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to generate said reactivate flag when the integral is greater than or equal to a predefined ...

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Номер записи: 37
02-05-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS AND CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS OF A COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20190128163A1
Автор: Fritsch Andreas, Ruff Daniel Michael
Принадлежит:

A method for simultaneous optimization of nitrogen oxide emissions and carbon dioxide emissions of a combustion engine with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: at the start a prediction horizon (PH) is selected (), then a nitrogen oxide limit value (m) is specified (). Minimisation () of a cost function (K) comprising the nitrogen oxide emissions and the carbon dioxide emissions is carried out, wherein the nitrogen oxide limit value (m) is complied with. Then actuators of the combustion engine are set () to a setpoint value (S) that is determined when minimizing () the cost function (K). Finally, the steps of the method are repeated. 1210. A method for simultaneous optimization of nitrogen oxide emissions and carbon dioxide emissions of a combustion engine () with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system () of a motor vehicle comprising the following steps:{'b': 100', '1', '2, 'Selecting (), via a computer, a prediction horizon (PH, PH, PH);'}{'b': '101', 'sub': NOx', '_', 'max, 'Specifying (), via a computer, a nitrogen oxide limit value (m);'}{'b': '102', 'sub': NOx', '_', 'max, 'Minimizing (), via a computer, a cost function (K) comprising the nitrogen oxide emissions and the carbon dioxide emissions, wherein the nitrogen oxide limit value (m) is complied with; and'}{'b': 105', '2', '102, 'Adjusting () actuators of the combustion engine () to a setpoint value (S) determined when minimizing () the cost function (K).'}2200208102. The method according to claim 1 , wherein models (-) of the route to be controlled are incorporated in the minimization () of the cost function (K).3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein a weighting factor (T) is used in order to vary a weighting between the nitrogen oxide raw emissions and the carbon dioxide emissions.41021052. The method according to claim 3 , wherein during the minimization () of the cost function (K) a weighting factor (T) is determined that is used when ...

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Номер записи: 38
28-05-2015 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF DEFULFURIZING LEAN NOx TRAP

Номер: US20150143799A1
Автор: Jin Ha Lee
Принадлежит: Hyundai Motor Co

A system of dusulfurizing an LNT may control desulfurization of the LNT provided in an apparatus of purifying exhaust gas, in which the LNT may be adapted to absorb nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas at a lean air/fuel ratio and to release the absorbed nitrogen oxide and reduce the nitrogen oxide contained in the exhaust gas or the released nitrogen oxide at a rich air/fuel ratio and the apparatus of purifying exhaust gas may further include a particulate filter trapping particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas as soot and regenerated by burning the trapped soot when a regeneration condition is satisfied, and a controller controlling desulfurization of the LNT and regeneration of the particulate filter.

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Номер записи: 39
18-05-2017 дата публикации

STAGED PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION FOR SIMULTANEOUS POWER PLANT EMISSION CONTROL AND ENHANCED HYDROCARBON RECOVERY

Номер: US20170136401A1
Автор: Mittricker Franklin F., STARCHER Loren, SUNDARAM Narasimhan, THOMANN Hans
Принадлежит:

Systems and methods for using pressure swing adsorption to separate and/or capture resulting emissions are provided. A stream of recycled exhaust gas is passed into a first swing adsorption reactor comprising a first adsorbent material which adsorbs CO. An enriched Nstream is recovered from a forward end of the first swing adsorption reactor. The pressure in the first swing adsorption reactor is reduced. The first swing adsorption reactor is purged with a portion of the first Nstream recovered from the first swing adsorption reactor. The first purge output is passed to a second swing adsorption reactor comprising a second adsorbent material which adsorbs CO. A second Nstream is recovered from the second swing adsorption reactor. The pressure in the second swing adsorption reactor is reduced. The second swing adsorption reactor is purged with a steam purge. 1. A method for capturing emissions comprising:passing a stream of recycled exhaust gas into a first swing adsorption reactor comprising a first adsorbent material;{'sub': '2', 'adsorbing COon the first adsorbent material;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2, 'recovering a first Nstream from a forward end of the first swing adsorption reactor wherein the first Nstream is an enriched Nstream;'}reducing the pressure in the first swing adsorption reactor by outputting a blow down stream from at least one end of the first swing adsorption reactor;{'sub': '2', 'purging the first swing adsorption reactor with a portion of the first Nstream recovered from the first swing adsorption reactor to create a first purge output from the first swing adsorption reactor;'}passing the first purge output to a second swing adsorption reactor comprising a second adsorbent material;{'sub': '2', 'adsorbing COon the second adsorbent material;'}{'sub': '2', 'recovering a second Nstream from a forward end of the second swing adsorption reactor;'}reducing the pressure in the second swing adsorption reactor by outputting a blow down stream from at least one ...

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Номер записи: 40
17-05-2018 дата публикации

REFORMING SYSTEM AND REFORMER OPERATING METHOD USING TEMPERATURE SENSOR

Номер: US20180135486A1
Автор: Baek Hong Kil, LEE Seung Woo, LEE Tae Won
Принадлежит:

A reforming system may include an engine combusting reformed gas to generate mechanical power, an intake line connected to the engine to supply reformed gas and air to the engine, an exhaust line connected to the engine to circulate exhaust gas exhausted from the engine, a reformer provided at an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) line diverging from the exhaust line and mixing the exhaust gas with fuel to reform the fuel mixed with the exhaust gas, a temperature sensor provided in the reformer and measuring temperature of the reformer, and a reforming controller determining whether the reformer operates or not based on driving condition of the engine and temperature of the reformer. 1. A reforming system , comprising:an engine combusting reformed gas to generate mechanical power;an intake line connected to the engine to supply reformed gas and air to the engine;an exhaust line connected to the engine to circulate exhaust gas exhausted from the engine;a reformer provided at an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) line diverging from the exhaust line and mixing the exhaust gas with fuel to reform the fuel mixed with the exhaust gas;a temperature sensor provided in the reformer and measuring temperature of the reformer; anda controller determining whether the reformer operates or not based on driving condition of the engine and temperature of the reformer.2. The reforming system of claim 1 , further comprising:a compressor connected to the intake line and configured to compress the reformed gas and air to supply to the engine; anda turbine connected to the exhaust line and rotating by the exhaust gas to generate power.3. The reforming system of claim 1 , further comprising:a catalyst disposed at the exhaust line of a rear portion of the EGR line and purifying a nitrogen oxide included in the exhaust gas.4. The reforming system of claim 3 , whereinthe catalyst includes a lean NOx trap (LNT) which traps the nitrogen oxide included in the exhaust gas in a lean condition and ...

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Номер записи: 41
18-05-2017 дата публикации

FUEL COMBUSTING METHOD WITH CO2 CAPTURE

Номер: US20170138236A1
Автор: Mittricker Franklin F., SUNDARAM Narasimhan, THOMANN Hans
Принадлежит:

A method for capturing emissions from a fuel combustion process comprising: providing a fuel to a combustor on a gas turbine, providing an oxidant to the combustor, combusting the fuel and the oxidant in the combustor to produce an exhaust gas, passing at least a portion of the exhaust gas to one or more catalyst beds. The one or more catalyst beds promote a reaction which consumes CO and produces COand adsorb CO. Pressure at the catalyst beds is reduced by outputting a blow down stream from the catalyst beds and then COis purged from the one or more catalyst beds with a regenerant stream to create a product stream. 1. A method for capturing emissions from a fuel combustion process comprising:providing a fuel to a combustor on a gas turbine;providing an oxidant to the combustor;combusting the fuel and the oxidant in the combustor to produce an exhaust gas; [{'sub': '2', 'promote a reaction which consumes CO and produces CO; and'}, {'sub': '2', 'adsorb CO;'}], 'passing at least a portion of the exhaust gas to one or more catalyst beds, wherein the one or more catalyst bedsreducing the pressure at the catalyst beds by outputting a blow down stream from the catalyst beds; and{'sub': '2', 'purging COfrom the one or more catalyst beds with a regenerant stream to create a recovery stream.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling and condensing the recovery stream to recover energy and concentrated CO.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more catalyst beds comprise at least two catalyst beds.4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising cycling the adsorption of COby the at least two catalyst beds to allow regeneration of at least one catalyst bed while at least one other bed continues to adsorb CO.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising passing the product stream to one or more non-catalyst adsorbent beds wherein the one or more non-catalyst adsorbent beds adsorb CO.6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising passing both a second portion of ...

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Номер записи: 42
18-05-2017 дата публикации

DETERIORATION DIAGNOSIS APPARATUS FOR EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS

Номер: US20170138245A1
Автор: Hagiwara Koji, Iwazaki Yasushi, Kidokoro Toru, YOSHIDA Taisuke
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

The present invention provides a deterioration diagnosis apparatus for an exhaust gas purification apparatus, including a first sensor that measures the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas purification apparatus, a second sensor that measures the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas flowing out of the exhaust gas purification apparatus, and diagnosing means for diagnosing deterioration of the exhaust gas purification apparatus on the basis of a difference that appears between a measurement value of the first sensor and a measurement value of the second sensor when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust pas purification apparatus is switched from a lean air-fuel ratio to a rich air-fuel ratio, wherein, when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is switched from a lean air-fuel ratio to a rich air-fuel ratio, a water-gas shift reaction is generated upstream of the first sensor. 15.-. (canceled)6. A deterioration diagnosis apparatus for use in an exhaust gas purification apparatus which comprises:a first exhaust gas purification apparatus that is provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine capable of performing a lean burn operation, and that is configured to include a catalyst that promotes a water-gas shift reaction when an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas is a rich air-fuel ratio that is lower than a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio; anda second exhaust gas purification apparatus that is disposed in the exhaust passage downstream of the first exhaust gas purification apparatus, and that is configured to include a selective catalytic reduction catalyst that occludes oxygen contained in the exhaust gas when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is a lean air-fuel ratio that is higher than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and releases the occluded oxygen when the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is equal to or lower than the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio,the deterioration diagnosis apparatus ...

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Номер записи: 43
08-09-2022 дата публикации

Jmz-12, a disordered aei/cha family of zeolites, its synthesis and use

Номер: US20220281752A1
Автор: Alessandro Turrina, Alexander Green, Guy R. CHANDLER, Jillian Collier, Kaneshalingam Arulraj, Maria Pia RUGGERI, Nicholas McNamara, Paul Phillips, Raquel GARCIA
Принадлежит: JOHNSON MATTHEY PLC

The present invention is directed to a method of preparing a synthetic crystalline material, designated as JMZ-12, with a framework built up by the disorder AEI and CHA structures, substantially free of framework phosphorous and prepared preferably in the absence of halides such as fluoride ions. Such method comprises the step of heating a reaction mixture under crystallization conditions for a sufficient period to form a disordered zeolite having both CHA and AEI topologies, wherein the reaction mixture comprises at least one source of aluminum, at least one source of silicon, a source of alkaline or alkaline-earth cations, and a structure directing agent containing at least one source of quaternary ammonium cations and at least one source of alkyl-substituted piperidinium cations in a molar ratio of 0.20 to about 1.4. The resulting zeolites are useful as catalysts, particularly when used in combination with exchanged transition metal(s) and, optionally, rare earth metal(s).

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Номер записи: 44
08-09-2022 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MOBILE CARBON CAPTURE

Номер: US20220282651A1
Автор: Gross Paul, Harding Eric, Reynolds Christina
Принадлежит:

A system for mobile carbon capture, preferably including a capture module, a regeneration module, and a storage module . The system can optionally include a thermal control module and/or a dehumidifier. A method for mobile carbon capture, preferably including adsorbing a target species, desorbing the target species, and storing the target species. The method can optionally include pre-treating input gas, offloading stored species, and/or regenerating desiccators. 1. A method for mobile carbon capture , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'receiving a first volume of exhaust gas, comprising a first portion of carbon dioxide (CO), from an internal combustion engine of a vehicle;'}maintaining a first solid capture medium, contained within a first housing, below a threshold temperature;{'sub': 2', '2, 'while maintaining the first solid capture medium below the threshold temperature, passing the first volume of exhaust gas through the first housing such that the first solid capture medium adsorbs the first portion of COfrom the exhaust gas, thereby depleting the first volume of exhaust gas of CO;'}{'sub': '2', 'releasing the CO-depleted first volume of exhaust gas to atmosphere;'}{'sub': '2', 'receiving a second volume of exhaust gas, comprising a second portion of CO, from the internal combustion engine;'}{'sub': '2', 'transferring heat from the second volume of exhaust gas to the first solid capture medium, such that the first solid capture medium exceeds the threshold temperature and the first portion of COdesorbs from the first solid capture medium;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'after the first portion of COdesorbs, storing at least a subset of the first portion of CO;'}maintaining a second solid capture medium, contained within a second housing, below the threshold temperature;{'sub': 2', '2, 'while maintaining the second solid capture medium below the threshold temperature, passing the second volume of exhaust gas through the second housing such that the second solid capture medium ...

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Номер записи: 45
08-09-2022 дата публикации

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A VEHICLE ACTION

Номер: US20220282652A1
Автор: HARANAHALLI PANCHAKSHARI Bhanuprakash
Принадлежит:

A control system for a vehicle, the control system comprising one or more controllers, the control system being arranged to: determine a prediction of an end of a current driving cycle of the vehicle, determine a likelihood of slippage from an emissions trap of the vehicle in a next driving cycle of the vehicle in dependence on the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle, and control purging of the emissions trap prior to the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle in dependence on the likelihood of slippage. 1. A control system for a vehicle , the control system comprising one or more controller , the control system being arranged to:determine a prediction of an end of a current driving cycle of the vehicle;determine a likelihood of slippage from an emissions trap of the vehicle in a next driving cycle of the vehicle in dependence on the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle; andcontrol purging of the emissions trap prior to the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle in dependence on the likelihood of slippage.2. The control system of claim 1 , wherein the control system comprises an input to receive a signal indicative of the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle of the vehicle claim 1 , and an output to output a purge signal to cause the purge of the emissions trap.3. The control system of claim 1 , wherein the determining the likelihood of slippage from the emissions trap of the vehicle in the next driving cycle of the vehicle comprises receiving a signal indicative of a current capacity of the emissions trap.4. The control system of claim 3 , wherein the determining the likelihood of slippage from the emissions trap of the vehicle comprises determining a prediction of a remaining capacity of the emissions trap at the prediction of the end of the current driving cycle.5. The control system of claim 1 , wherein the determining the likelihood of slippage from the emissions trap of the vehicle in the next ...

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Номер записи: 46
24-05-2018 дата публикации

BOOST-ASSISTED PURGE FLOW TECHNIQUES FOR EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS SYSTEMS

Номер: US20180142631A1
Автор: Daley James, Dekar Joseph, Del Rio Luis, JR. Ronald A, Sager Roger C., Sturgeon Ryan, Unsworth Jospeh B., Wuttke Jeffrey P, Yannone
Принадлежит:

A vapor canister of an evaporative emissions (EVAP) system is configured to store fuel vapor evaporated from a liquid fuel housed in a fuel tank of a vehicle. A boost line is connected between a high-pressure side of a boost system of an engine and the vapor canister, a boost pressure control valve is disposed in-line along the boost line and configured to control an amount of boost pressure provided to the vapor canister, and a set of purge lines are connected between the vapor canister and at least one of the engine, an induction system of the engine, and an exhaust treatment system of the engine. A controller is configured to control the boost pressure control valve to control the boost pressure provided to the vapor canister to control an amount of fuel vapor forced from the vapor canister through at least one of the set of purge lines. 1. An evaporative emissions (EVAP) system for a vehicle having an engine with a boost system , the EVAP system comprising:a vapor canister configured to store fuel vapor evaporated from a liquid fuel housed in a fuel tank of the vehicle;a boost line connected between a high-pressure side of the boost system and the vapor canister;a boost pressure control valve disposed in-line along the boost line and configured to control an amount of boost pressure provided to the vapor canister;a set of purge lines connected between the vapor canister and at least one of the engine, an induction system of the engine, and an exhaust treatment system of the engine; anda controller configured to control the boost pressure control valve to control the boost pressure provided to the vapor canister to control an amount of fuel vapor forced from the vapor canister through at least one purge line of the set of purge lines.2. The EVAP system of claim 1 , further comprising a purge valve connected between each of first claim 1 , second claim 1 , and third purge lines of the set of purge lines claim 1 , wherein the first purge line connects the purge ...

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Номер записи: 47
31-05-2018 дата публикации

Vehicle control system

Номер: US20180149063A1
Автор: Katsuya Iwazaki, Kensei Hata, Takahito Endo, Yasuhiro Oshiumi, Yasuyuki Kato, Yushi SEKI
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

A vehicle control system vehicle control system to remove deposition from the purification system without generating noises and vibrations is provided. The vehicle control system comprises a controller that operates the vehicle having an engine autonomously, and that removes deposition from a purification system. The controller is configured to: obtain an amount of deposition on the purification system; determine a presence of a passenger in the vehicle; and execute the removal control when an amount of the deposition on the purification system exceeds a threshold value. The threshold value includes a first threshold value used when the vehicle is propelled while carrying a passenger, and a second threshold value used when the vehicle is propelled autonomously without carrying a passenger that is smaller than the first threshold value.

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Номер записи: 48
14-06-2018 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM AND CONTROLLING METHOD THEREOF

Номер: US20180163590A1
Автор: Park Jin Woo
Принадлежит:

A controlling method of exhaust gas purification system to which a lean combustion engine is applied and an LNT device, a DPF or an SDPF, and an SCR device are provided includes detecting vehicle information and determining whether the vehicle information satisfies nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; desorbing the nitrogen oxide until the nitrogen oxide of the LNT reaches predetermined reference amount through engine rich combustion when vehicle information satisfies the nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a first period after ending of desorption of the nitrogen oxide of the LNT; desorbing sulfide of the LNT through the engine rich combustion; and injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a second period after ending of desorption of the sulfide rich combustion of the LNT. 1. An exhaust gas purification system , comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'a nitrogen oxide trap catalyst (lean NOtrap; LNT) device configured to absorb and store a nitrogen oxide generated by a lean combustion of an engine and reduce the nitrogen oxide into nitrogen by a reduction action to be exhausted;'}a urea injector disposed at a rear of the LNT device and configured to inject a urea aqueous solution inside an exhaust pipe;a mixer disposed in the downstream of the urea injector;a composite catalyst device (SCR on DPF; SDPF) disposed at a rear of the mixer and in which the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is coated to a high pore diesel particulate matter filter; anda selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device disposed at a rear of the SDPF and configured to reduce the nitrogen oxide of the exhaust gas passing through the diesel particulate matter filter.2. The exhaust gas purification system of claim 1 , whereina low pressure exhaust gas recirculation (LP-EGR) device pipe is connected between the SDPF and the SCR device.3. The exhaust gas purification system of claim 1 , further including:an ammonia ...

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Номер записи: 49
15-06-2017 дата публикации

THREE WAY CATALYTIC CONTROL METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DECREASING FUEL CONSUMPTION AND VEHICLE HAVING THE SAME

Номер: US20170167345A1
Автор: LEE Sang-min
Принадлежит:

A three-way catalytic control method for reducing fuel consumption is provided. The method includes determining whether oxygen storage capacity of the three-way catalyst is under condition of increasing oxygen, when condition of performing Opurge control for the three-way catalyst is detected and performing Opurge control by applying a predetermined Opurge time period to which a set initial value of oxygen of OSC is applied, when the OSC is not under the condition of increasing oxygen. The Opurge control is performed by applying Opurge time period for a deteriorated product based on an oxygen sensor or Opurge time period for on board diagnosis, when an increase amount of the calculated Opurge time period is equal to or greater than the Opurge time period for the deteriorated product during the Opurge control. 1. A three-way catalytic control method for reducing fuel consumption , comprising:{'sub': '2', 'determining, by a controller, whether Oxygen Storage Capacity (OSC) of the three-way catalyst is under a condition of increasing oxygen, when a condition of performing oxygen gas (O) purge control for the three-way catalyst is detected;'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'performing the Opurge control, by the controller, by applying a predetermined Opurge time period to which a set initial value (A) of oxygen of OSC is applied, when the OSC is not under the condition of increasing oxygen, and a calculated Opurge time period which is greater than the predetermined Opurge time period by applying an oxygen increase amount of OSC to the set initial value (A) of oxygen of OSC, when the OSC is under the condition of increasing oxygen; and'}{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2, 'performing the Opurge control, by the controller, by applying an Opurge time period for a deteriorated product based on an oxygen sensor or an Opurge time period for On Board Diagnosis (OBD), when an increase amount of the calculated Opurge time period is equal to or greater than the Opurge time period for ...

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Номер записи: 50
15-06-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF OPERATING AN AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEM OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20170167346A1
Автор: Barba Francesco, OLMO Paolo, Romanato Roberto
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method and system for operating an aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. A value of a storage efficiency for the lean nitrogen-oxide trap is determined. A value of an exhaust gas temperature is measured upstream of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap. An electric heated catalyst enabling condition may be fulfilled if the storage efficiency of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap is smaller than a threshold value thereof and the value of the exhaust gas temperature upstream of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap is greater than a lower threshold value and less than an upper threshold value. The electric heated catalyst is activated if the enabling condition is fulfilled. An inhibition enabling condition may be fulfilled if the value of storage efficiency is less than a second threshold value and the electric heated catalyst is deactivated and a denitrification of the lean nitrogen-oxides trap is started. 111-. (canceled)12. A method of operating an aftertreatment system of an internal combustion engine having a lean nitrogen-oxides trap and an electric heated catalyst placed upstream of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap , the method comprising:determining a value of a storage efficiency of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap;measuring a value of an exhaust gas temperature upstream of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap;indicating that an electric heated catalyst enabling condition is fulfilled if the determined value of the storage efficiency of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap is smaller than a first predetermined threshold value thereof and the measured value of the exhaust gas temperature upstream of the lean nitrogen-oxide trap is greater than a first predetermined threshold value thereof and less than a second predetermined threshold value thereof;activating the electric heated catalyst if the electric heated catalyst enabling condition is fulfilled;identifying that an inhibition enabling condition is fulfilled if the value of storage efficiency is less than a second ...

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Номер записи: 51
22-06-2017 дата публикации

Control system for an internal combustion engine

Номер: US20170175656A1
Автор: Masahiko Masubuchi, Takayoshi Tanaka
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

In a control system for an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust gas purification catalyst having a lower catalyst layer and an upper catalyst layer disposed at the upper side of the lower catalyst layer is arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, when an operation at a rich air fuel ratio is switched to an operation at a target lean air fuel ratio, switching is made through a first operation in which the air fuel ratio of exhaust gas is temporarily made into a lean air fuel ratio, and a second operation which is carried out after the first operation and in which the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas is made to change alternately between the rich air fuel ratio and the lean air fuel ratio a plurality of times, whereby the HC poisoning of the catalyst can be recovered at an early stage.

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Номер записи: 52
08-07-2021 дата публикации

CONTROL DEVICE FOR EXHAUST PURGING SYSTEM

Номер: US20210207512A1
Автор: AZUMA Kazunari
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to ECU for an exhaust purging system comprises: a NOx catalyst provided in an exhaust passage; and a second composite sensor detecting an air-fuel ratio in a downstream of the NOx catalyst, the ECU, which performs a routine of a purge control, calculates the sum of values of the reductant that have been supplied to the NOx catalyst since the start of the routine of the purge control, determines whether the sum is greater than or equal to an end determination threshold, determines whether the air-fuel ratio is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and ends the routine of the purge control in response to an earlier one of a first affirmative determination that the sum is greater than or equal to the end determination threshold and a second affirmative determination that the air-fuel ratio is less than or equal to the predetermined value. 1. A control device for an exhaust purging system that comprises:a NOx catalyst provided in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, the NOx catalyst serving as an NOx storage-reduction catalyst that stores NOx included in an exhaust gas and reduces the stored NOx with a reductant to accordingly purify the stored NOx; andan air-fuel ratio sensor that detects an air-fuel ratio in a downstream portion of the exhaust passage, the downstream portion of the exhaust passage being located at a downstream of the NOx catalyst in the exhaust passage,the control device, which performs a routine of a purge control that supplies the reductant into an upstream portion of the exhaust passage to cause the NOx catalyst to perform NOx reduction, the upstream portion of the exhaust passage being located at an upstream of the NOx catalyst in the exhaust passage, comprising:a sum calculation unit that calculates the sum of values of the reductant that have been supplied to the NOx catalyst since the start of the routine of the purge control;a first determination unit that determines whether the sum of the ...

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Номер записи: 53
28-06-2018 дата публикации

NOx SENSOR INSPECTION PROGRAM, VEHICLE INSPECTION EQUIPMENT, NOx SENSOR INSPECTION METHOD, AND RECORDING MEDIUM

Номер: US20180179978A1
Автор: SAKUMOTO Kouji
Принадлежит:

A process of causing an engine () to perform high-temperature exhaust driving (D) after urea water from an urea water injection valve () is not supplied to an SCR catalyst (), and a process of causing the engine () to perform high-flow-rate exhaust driving (D) after a flow rate of exhaust gas from a cylinder interior () is not reduced are performed on an ECU (). A process of determining deterioration or malfunction of upstream and downstream NOx sensors ( and ) based on detected values (Ca and Cb) acquired when the engine speed (Na) reaches a determination speed (Nx) is performed on a vehicle external computer (). 17-. (canceled)8. A vehicle external computer for inspecting a vehicle ,wherein the vehicle includes:an upstream NOx sensor disposed upstream from a reduction catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine;a downstream NOx sensor disposed downstream from the reduction catalyst; andan ECU connected to the upstream and downstream NOx sensors,wherein the vehicle external computer comprises:a processor; anda memory storing computer-readable instructions that, when executed by the processor during an inspection of the vehicle in a state where the vehicle external computer is connected to the ECU of the vehicle, causes the vehicle external computer to perform:controlling the ECU to perform a high-temperature exhaust driving process of causing the internal combustion engine to perform high-temperature exhaust driving for setting a temperature of exhaust gas to be higher than or equal to a predetermined high temperature after a reductant from a reductant injection valve is not supplied to the reduction catalyst;controlling the ECU to perform a high-flow-rate exhaust driving process of causing the internal combustion engine to perform high-flow-rate exhaust driving for setting a speed of internal combustion engine to be more than or equal to a predetermined high speed after a flow rate of the exhaust gas is not reduced after the high- ...

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Номер записи: 54
13-06-2019 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CATALYST PURGE CONTROL BASED ON ENGINE TEMPERATURE AND VEHICLE USING THE SAME

Номер: US20190178127A1
Автор: Lee Dong-Hoon, YOU Seung-Mook
Принадлежит:

A method for catalyst purge control may include the steps of: performing, by a catalyst purge electronic control unit (ECU), catalyst purge control based on engine temperature; calculating an estimated engine temperature the catalyst purge ECU when fuel-cut is completed, and controlling, by the catalyst purge ECU, an amount of purge fuel injected by an injector based on the estimated engine temperature for the catalyst purge control. 1. A method for catalyst purge control , comprising the steps of:performing, by a catalyst purge electronic control unit (ECU), catalyst purge control based on engine temperature;calculating an estimated engine temperature by the catalyst purge ECU when fuel-cut is completed; andcontrolling, by the catalyst purge ECU, an amount of purge fuel injected by an injector based on the estimated engine temperature for the catalyst purge control.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the estimated engine temperature is calculated by a temperature sensor or a temperature modeling.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the temperature sensor is a coolant temperature sensor or an engine oil sensor claim 2 , and the temperature modeling is based on a temperature detection value of the coolant temperature sensor.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of performing the catalyst purge control comprises the steps of:receiving a temperature value detected by a temperature sensor when a fuel-cut ON signal is changed to a fuel-cut OFF signal;calculating the estimated engine temperature when the detected temperature value is received;controlling an injection amount of catalyst purge fuel based on an operating condition determined by the calculation of the estimated engine temperature; andcontrolling an injection amount of rich fuel based on the operating condition, and outputting a fuel injection signal to control the amount of the purge fuel.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the step of receiving the temperature value comprises the steps of:checking the fuel ...

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Номер записи: 55
13-07-2017 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED LIGHTOFF PERFORMANCE OF AFTERTREATMENT CATALYSTS

Номер: US20170198653A1
Автор: Qi Gongshin, Solbrig Charles E., THOMAS ERIC D.
Принадлежит:

A method for controlling a vehicle including an exhaust aftertreatment system for purifying exhaust gases from a compression-ignition engine includes monitoring vehicle operating parameters, determining whether the vehicle is stopped, determining whether the engine is commanded off, and determining whether the exhaust aftertreatment device is at a predetermined operating temperature. When the vehicle is stopped, the engine is commanded off and the exhaust aftertreatment device is at the predetermined operating temperature the engine is controlled in a run-on state for a predetermined period of time. The run-on state includes operating the engine in a throttled and fueled state. 1. Method for controlling a vehicle including an exhaust aftertreatment system for purifying exhaust gases from a compression-ignition engine , comprising:monitoring vehicle operating parameters; determining whether the vehicle is stopped;', 'determining whether the engine is signaled to switch off;', 'determining whether he an exhaust aftertreatment device is at a predetermined operating temperature; and, 'based upon the vehicle operating parameterscontrolling the engine in a run-on state for a predetermined period of time when the vehicle is stopped, the engine is commanded off and the exhaust aftertreatment device is at the predetermined operating temperature, said run-on state including operating the engine in a throttled and fueled state.2. The method of wherein the run-on state effects regeneration of the exhaust aftertreatment device.3. The method of wherein said throttled and fueled state comprises a rich air to fuel ratio.4. The method of wherein said rich air to fuel ratio is substantially 14:1.5. The method of wherein the exhaust aftertreatment device includes an oxidation catalyst.6. The method of wherein the exhaust aftertreatment device includes a lean NOtrap.7. The method of wherein operating the engine in a throttled and fueled state to regenerate the exhaust aftertreatment ...

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Номер записи: 56
27-06-2019 дата публикации

REGENERATION SYSTEM, VEHICLE COMPRISING THE SAME AND REGENERATION METHOD

Номер: US20190195104A1
Автор: Kapp Andreas, Lang Stefan, Schreiber Michael
Принадлежит:

A regeneration system of a combustion engine of a vehicle includes a speed control device configured to determine an acceleration time of the vehicle to a set speed, a NOx trap configured to reduce nitrogen oxides produced by the combustion engine, and a trigger configured to detect a loading level of the nitrogen oxides of the NOx trap in an exhaust gas produced by the combustion engine during operation. In further, the speed control device is configured to communicate with the trigger, wherein a regeneration of the NOx trap is configured to start in case the acceleration time of the vehicle to the set speed is at least equal to a regeneration time of the NOx trap at the loading level of the nitrogen oxides. 1. A regeneration system of a combustion engine of a vehicle comprising:a speed control device configured to determine an acceleration time of the vehicle to a set speed;a NOx trap configured to reduce nitrogen oxides produced by the combustion engine; anda trigger configured to detect a loading level of the nitrogen oxides of the NOx trap,wherein the speed control device is configured to communicate with the trigger, andwherein a regeneration of the NOx trap is configured to start in case the acceleration time of the vehicle to the set speed is at least equal to a regeneration time of the NOx trap at the loading level of the nitrogen oxides.2. The regeneration system according to claim 1 , wherein the loading level of the nitrogen oxides of the NOx trap is bigger than 40% with respect to a saturation level of the NOx trap.3. The regeneration system according to claim 2 , wherein the regeneration time of the NOx trap at the loading level of the nitrogen oxides is shorter than a further regeneration time of the NOx trap at the saturation level.4. The regeneration system according to claim 3 , wherein the regeneration time of the NOx trap at the loading level of the nitrogen oxides is at least two seconds shorter than the further regeneration time of the NOx trap ...

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Номер записи: 57
25-06-2020 дата публикации

UTILIZATION OF POLLUTANTS FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Номер: US20200198970A1
Автор: HEIGL Roland, KRAJETE Alexander, MÜLLER-HELLWIG Simone, SEIFERT Arne, SEIFERT Hagen
Принадлежит: Audi AG

Nitrogen oxides formed in combustion engines are recycled such that the nitrogen oxides can be utilized for producing liquid or solid chemicals. The nitrogen oxides are recycled by a method including an adsorber material adsorbing nitrogen oxides from an exhaust-gas stream of the combustion engine, removing the adsorber material laden with nitrogen oxides, desorbing the adsorbed nitrogen oxides from the adsorber material, and converting the nitrogen oxides desorbed from the adsorber material into liquid or solid nitrogen-containing compounds. 110.-. (canceled)11. A method for the recycling of nitrogen oxides formed in a combustion engine , the method comprising:adsorbing, in an adsorber unit having an adsorber material including at least one zeolite, nitrogen oxides from an exhaust-gas stream of the combustion engineremoving the adsorber unit having the adsorber material laden with nitrogen oxides or removing the adsorber material laden with nitrogen oxides from the adsorber unit;desorbing the adsorbed nitrogen oxides from the adsorber material; andconverting the nitrogen oxides desorbed from the adsorber material into liquid or solid nitrogen-containing compounds.12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the liquid or solid nitrogen-containing compounds include nitrates.13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the nitrates include ammonium nitrates.14. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the at least one zeolite includes ZSM-5 claim 11 , zeolite Y claim 11 , or mordenite.15. The method according to claim 11 , whereinthe adsorber unit is an exchangeable cartridge provided in an exhaust tract of the combustion engine, andthe method comprises:removing the adsorber unit from the exhaust tract; andproviding another adsorber unit, having an adsorber material unladen with nitrogen oxides, in the exhaust tract of the combustion engine.16. The method according to claim 11 , whereinthe adsorber material is an exchangeable material provided in a container of ...

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Номер записи: 58
27-07-2017 дата публикации

METHOD OF CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF AN AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE

Номер: US20170211443A1
Автор: CUSANNO Luisa, LATROFA Giacomo, MAISOLA Barbara, MONTINARO Giovanni, RAMOLIVO Fabrizio, VENTURINI Matteo
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling the operation of an aftertreatment system for a motor vehicle having a Lean NOTrap and a tail pipe for conveying exhaust gasses from the LNT to the external environment. Values are calculated for a NOcontent in the exhaust gasses flowing in the tail pipe and the quantity of NOstored in the LNT. A DeNOrequest index is calculated as a function of these values. A raw threshold value of the DeNOrequest index is calculated as a function of a LNT temperature and of an exhaust gas mass flow. A corrected threshold value of the DeNOrequest index is calculated as a function of the raw threshold value of the DeNOrequest index and of a correction factor. A DeNOregeneration is initiated when the calculated value of the DeNOrequest index is larger than the corrected threshold value. 112-. (canceled)13. A method of controlling the operation of an aftertreatment system of a motor vehicle having a Lean NOTrap (LNT) and a tail pipe for conveying exhaust gasses from the LNT to the external environment comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'calculating a value of a first parameter (NOx_TP_Ratio) indicative of a NOcontent in the exhaust gasses flowing in the tail pipe;'}{'sub': 'x', 'calculating a value of a second parameter (NOx_Sto_Ratio) indicative of quantity of NOstored in the LNT;'}{'sub': 'x', 'calculating a value of a DeNOrequest index (DeNOx_Req_Ratio) as a function of the calculated value of the first parameter (NOx_TP_Ratio) and of the calculated value of the second parameter (NOx_Sto_Ratio);'}{'sub': 'x', 'calculating a raw threshold value of the DeNOrequest index (DeNOx_Ratio_Thr) as a function of a LNT temperature (LNT_Temp) and of an exhaust gas mass flow (Ex_Mass_Flow);'}{'sub': x', 'x', 'x, 'calculating a corrected threshold value of the DeNOrequest index (DeNOx_Corr_Thr_Ratio) as a function of the raw threshold value of the DeNOrequest index (DeNOx_Req_Ratio) and of a correction factor (DeNOx_Corr), wherein the correction factor ( ...

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Номер записи: 59
11-08-2016 дата публикации

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20160230628A1
Автор: Hokuto Hiroyuki
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

In a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which processing of regenerating the NOx storage capacity of an NSR catalyst is carried out in accompany with processing of diagnosing an abnormality in an exhaust gas purification device including the NSR catalyst, the present invention is intended to suppress the fluctuation of torque at the time of regenerating the NOx storage capacity of the NSR catalyst, and to terminate abnormality diagnostic processing quickly. According to the invention, by setting an engine air fuel ratio, which has been set to a lean air fuel ratio before the processing of regenerating the NOx storage capacity of the NSR catalyst is started, to a weak lean air fuel ratio which is lower than a basic lean air fuel ratio and higher than a stoichiometric air fuel ratio, it becomes possible to suppress the fluctuation of torque at the time of regeneration processing being started, and to terminate abnormality diagnostic processing at an early period of time. 1. A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust gas purification device including an NSR catalyst and a measuring device for measuring an amount of NOx flowing out from said NSR catalyst are arranged in an exhaust passage , comprising:a regeneration unit configured to carry out regeneration processing which is processing of regenerating the NOx storage capacity of said NSR catalyst;a diagnostic unit configured to carry out NSR diagnostic processing which is processing of diagnosing an abnormality in said NSR catalyst, based on a measured value of said measuring device at a predetermined NSR diagnostic time after said regeneration processing ended; anda control unit configured to control an engine air fuel ratio which is an air fuel ratio of a mixture to be supplied to said internal combustion engine;wherein in cases where said NSR diagnostic processing is carried out, said control unit controls, in a period of time from a predetermined weak lean ...

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Номер записи: 60
11-08-2016 дата публикации

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGENERATING A LEAN NOx TRAP IN A TURBOCHARGED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20160230685A1
Автор: GESSAROLI Davide, MERCURI Davide Francesco, NATI Giorgio, OLMO Paolo
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method and apparatus for regenerating a Lean NOx Trap in an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The internal combustion engine includes a Lean NOx Trap, a turbocharger having a turbine. An electronic control unit is configured to execute a regeneration event of the Lean NOx Trap, and regulate a position of an actuator affecting a rotating speed of the turbine using a closed-loop control strategy of an air pressure into an intake duct downstream of a compressor of the turbocharger and upstream of a throttle valve during the execution of the regeneration event. 110-. (canceled)11. An internal combustion engine comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'a Lean NOTrap;'}a turbocharger having a turbine; and [{'sub': 'x', 'execute a regeneration event of the Lean NOTrap; and'}, 'regulate a position of an actuator affecting a rotating speed of the turbine using a closed-loop control strategy of an air pressure into an intake duct downstream of a compressor of the turbocharger and upstream of a throttle valve during the execution of the regeneration event., 'an electronic control unit configured to12. The internal combustion engine according to claim 11 , wherein the closed-loop control strategy comprises:determining a pressure value of the air into the intake duct downstream of the compressor and upstream of the throttle valve and a target value thereof;calculating a difference between the pressure value and the target value; andusing the calculated difference as an input of a first controller configured to regulate the position of the actuator in such a way to minimize the calculated difference.13. The internal combustion engine according to claim 12 , wherein the electronic control unit is further configured to determine the position of the actuator based on an engine speed and an engine torque.14. The internal combustion engine according to claim 11 , wherein the electronic control unit is further configured to estimate the air pressure value on the basis of a position of the ...

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Номер записи: 61
27-08-2015 дата публикации

Exhaust gas purification system and exhaust gas purification method

Номер: US20150238902A1
Автор: Daiji Nagaoka, Teruo Nakada
Принадлежит: Isuzu Motors Ltd

A high-temperature NOx occlusion reduction type catalyst in which an NOx occlusion material containing an alkali metal is supported, and a low-temperature NOx occlusion reduction type catalyst in which an NOx occlusion material containing an alkaline earth metal is supported, are disposed in series on an upstream side and a downstream side, respectively, of an exhaust gas purification system. An oxidation catalyst is disposed on an upstream side of the high-temperature NOx occlusion reduction type catalyst. The desulfurization of the NOx occlusion reduction type catalysts is facilitated, and the NOx reduction efficiency is improved by the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas, while a wide NOx active temperature window is achieved.

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Номер записи: 62
16-08-2018 дата публикации

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND CONTROL METHOD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20180230876A1
Автор: NISHIJIMA Hirokazu
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

At a time of an abnormality diagnosis, for a NOx storage reduction catalyst, a predetermined fuel addition process is started when the temperature of the NOx storage reduction catalyst is lower than a predetermined temperature and a NOx storage amount in the NOx storage reduction catalyst is equal to or more than a predetermined storage amount. Then, the abnormality diagnosis for the NOx storage reduction catalyst is performed based on a comparison between an integrated value of a NOx outflow amount after the predetermined fuel addition process is started and before the temperature of the NOx storage reduction catalyst reaches the predetermined temperature and an integrated value of the NOx outflow amount after the temperature of the NOx storage reduction catalyst reaches the predetermined temperature during the execution of the predetermined fuel addition process. 1. An internal combustion engine comprising:an exhaust passage;an exhaust gas control system that includes a NOx storage reduction catalyst provided in the exhaust passage, and a fuel addition valve provided in the exhaust passage on an upstream side of the NOx storage reduction catalyst, the fuel addition valve adding fuel in exhaust gas; and the electronic control unit being configured to estimate a NOx storage amount in the NOx storage reduction catalyst,', 'the electronic control unit being configured to acquire a NOx outflow amount from the NOx storage reduction catalyst,', 'the electronic control unit being configured to start a predetermined fuel addition process, when a temperature of the NOx storage reduction catalyst is lower than a predetermined temperature and the NOx storage amount estimated by the electronic control unit is equal to or more than a predetermined storage amount, the predetermined fuel addition process being a process of increasing the temperature of the NOx storage reduction catalyst by repeatedly adding the fuel from the fuel addition valve in a predetermined cycle,', 'the ...

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Номер записи: 63
16-08-2018 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AFTERTREATMENT REGENERATION WITH DEDICATED EGR

Номер: US20180230920A1
Автор: Geckler Samuel C.
Принадлежит: Cummins Inc.

Systems and methods for implementing regeneration of an aftertreatment component using exhaust gas recirculation is described. According to various embodiments, an engine system comprises an engine, a turbocharger, a fluid control valve, and a lean NOcatalyst. The engine has a first set cylinders fluidly coupled to an intake manifold and a second set of cylinders having fluidly isolated from the intake manifold of the engine. The fluid control valve is disposed between the first exhaust outlet and the exhaust conduit and is structured to selectively fluidly couple the first exhaust outlet to the exhaust conduit. Also, the lean NOcatalyst has an inlet structured to receive exhaust gases from the exhaust conduit at a position downstream of the turbine outlet and the fluid control valve. 1. A control system for regeneration of an aftertreatment component within an engine system , wherein the engine system comprises:an engine having a first set of cylinders having a first exhaust outlet fluidly coupled to an intake manifold of the engine and a second set of cylinders having a second exhaust outlet fluidly isolated from the intake manifold of the engine;a turbocharger having a turbine inlet fluidly coupled to the second exhaust outlet and a turbine outlet fluidly coupled to an exhaust conduit; anda fluid control valve disposed between the first exhaust outlet and the exhaust conduit, the fluid control valve structured to selectively fluidly couple the first exhaust outlet to the exhaust conduit,the aftertreatment component having an inlet structured to receive exhaust gases from the exhaust conduit and positioned downstream of the turbine outlet and the fluid control valve,the control system comprising a processor and non-transitory machine-readable media having instructions thereon executable by a processor to:receive information from a sensor communicatively coupled to the lean aftertreatment component, the information including a current exhaust lambda value;interpret ...

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Номер записи: 64
17-08-2017 дата публикации

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXHAUST TREATMENT

Номер: US20170234184A1
Автор: Buddle Stanlee Teresa, Hancu Dan, Mhadeshwar Ashish Balkrishna, Norton Daniel George, Winkler Benjamin Hale
Принадлежит: GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

According to various embodiments, an exhaust treatment system includes a catalyst that is in direct contact with an exhaust stream, at least one sensor that senses a system parameter and produces one or more signals corresponding to the system parameter, and a controller that is configured to receive the one or more signals and control catalyst performance based on the one or more signals by regenerating the catalyst. Regenerating the catalyst includes increasing a temperature of the exhaust stream flowing to the catalyst and directing a reductant injector to adjust a flow rate of reductant being injected into the exhaust stream flowing to the catalyst. 1. An exhaust treatment system , comprising:a catalyst that is in direct contact with an exhaust stream;at least one sensor that senses a system parameter and produces one or more signals corresponding to the system parameter; and increasing a temperature of the exhaust stream flowing to the catalyst; and', 'directing a reductant injector to adjust a flow rate of reductant being injected into the exhaust stream flowing to the catalyst., 'a controller that is configured to receive the one or more signals and control catalyst performance based on the one or more signals by regenerating the catalyst, wherein regenerating the catalyst comprises2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst comprises a hydrocarbon selective catalytic reduction (HC-SCR) catalyst.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein regenerating the catalyst comprises operating at an oxygen concentration greater than about 3%.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein a respective system parameter comprises at least one of:{'sub': 'x', 'a post-catalyst concentration of NOin the exhaust stream;'}{'sub': 'x', 'a pre-catalyst concentration of NOin the exhaust stream;'}a duration the catalyst has been in direct contact with the exhaust stream since the catalyst was last regenerated;an amount of exhaust that has been in direct contact with the catalyst since the catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 65
01-09-2016 дата публикации

PASSIVE NOx ADSORBER

Номер: US20160250594A1
Автор: CASCI JOHN LEONELLO, COLLIER JILLIAN ELAINE, LLOYD Geraint Kingsley
Принадлежит:

A passive NOadsorber is disclosed. The passive NOadsorber is effective to adsorb NOat or below a low temperature and release the adsorbed NOat temperatures above the low temperature. The passive NOadsorber comprises a noble metal and a molecular sieve having a MAZ Framework Type. The invention also includes an exhaust system comprising the passive NOadsorber, and a method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine utilizing the passive NOadsorber. 1. A passive NOadsorber effective to adsorb NOat or below a low temperature and release the adsorbed NOat temperatures above the low temperature , said passive NOadsorber comprising a first noble metal and a molecular sieve having a MAZ Framework Type.2. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the first noble metal is selected from the group consisting of platinum claim 1 , palladium claim 1 , rhodium claim 1 , gold claim 1 , silver claim 1 , iridium claim 1 , ruthenium claim 1 , osmium claim 1 , and mixtures thereof.3. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the first noble metal is palladium.4. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the molecular sieve having a MAZ Framework Type is selected from the group consisting of aluminosilicate zeolite and a metal-substituted aluminosilicate zeolite.5. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the molecular sieve having a MAZ Framework Type is selected from the group consisting of ZSM-4 claim 1 , LZ-202 claim 1 , mazzite claim 1 , and omega zeolite.6. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the passive NOadsorber is coated onto a flow-through or filter substrate.7. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the passive NOadsorber is extruded to form a flow-through or filter substrate.8. The passive NOadsorber of further comprising a second molecular sieve catalyst claim 1 , wherein the second molecular sieve catalyst comprises a second noble metal and a second molecular sieve claim 1 , wherein the second molecular sieve does not have an MAZ Framework Type.9. The passive NOadsorber of wherein the first ...

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Номер записи: 66
20-11-2014 дата публикации

SOLIDS TRANSPORT IN FLUE GAS DESULFURIZATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20140338531A1
Автор: Gayheart Jeb W, LORENZ Douglas R, MacINNIS James M, MILLER Eric S, ROTH Jonathan C
Принадлежит:

A solids transport system for use in a flue gas desulfurization system is disclosed. Flue gas can be recycled from downstream and used as a fluidizing gas for transporting solids between different locations. Exemplary systems include fluidization slide gravity conveyors, fluidization pads in bins, and in hoppers. The flue gas is generally already at an elevated temperature, reducing power consumption needed to heat the fluidizing gas. 1. A flue gas desulfurization system , comprising:a main flue gas path that extends through an absorber vessel, a particle collection device downstream of the absorber vessel, and a stack;a solids transport system for recycling solid particles from the particle collection device to the absorber vessel, the solids transport system including at least one fluidized surface; anda flue gas recycle path having at least one take-off point that sends flue gas from the main flue gas path to the solids transport system, the flue gas being used as a fluidizing gas to produce the at least one fluidized surface.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one take-off point is located upstream of the absorber vessel in the main flue gas path.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least one take off point is located downstream of the absorber vessel and upstream of the particle collection device in the main flue gas path.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the main flue gas path includes a fan downstream of the particle collection device and upstream of the stack.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least one take-off point is located downstream of the particle collection device and upstream of the fan in the main flue gas path.6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the at least one take off point is located downstream of the fan and upstream of the stack in the main flue gas path.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the main flue gas path includes an air preheater that is downstream of a boiler and upstream of the absorber vessel claim 1 , and ...

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Номер записи: 67
08-09-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF EVALUATING A SOOT QUANTITY ACCUMULATED IN A SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION WASHCOATED PARTICULATE FILTER (SDPF)

Номер: US20160258331A1
Автор: ACETO Alessandra, Bologna Giuseppe Mazzara, PELLEGRINO Stefano, Ricci Isadora
Принадлежит: GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

A method is disclosed for evaluating a soot quantity accumulated in a Selective Catalytic Reduction wash-coated particulate filter of an internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine is equipped with an exhaust gas aftertreatment system including an urea injector. Using a map correlating a urea quantity value, a NOx quantity value, a temperature value and a mass flow value to a correction value of a soot quantity is used to correct an estimated value of the soot quantity in order to obtain an evaluated value of the soot quantity. 112-. (canceled)13. A method of evaluating a soot quantity accumulated in a Selective Catalytic Reduction wash-coated particulate filter of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas aftertreatment system including a urea injector , the method comprising:determining an urea quantity value to be injected by the urea injector;{'sub': 'x', 'determining a NOquantity value at an inlet of the selective catalytic reduction wash-coated particulate filter;'}determining a temperature value at the inlet of the selective catalytic reduction wash-coated particulate filter;determining a mass flow value of an exhaust gas in the aftertreatment system;{'sub': 'x', 'computing a correction value of a soot quantity using a map correlating the urea quantity value, the NOquantity value, the temperature value and the mass flow value; and'}correcting an estimated value of the soot quantity using the correction value in order to obtain an evaluated value of the soot quantity.14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein subdividing the map in a first sub-map correlating the urea quantity value and the NOquantity value to an intermediate value and a second sub-map correlating the intermediate value claim 13 , the temperature value and the mass flow value to the correction value.15. The method according to claim 13 , further comprising determining the estimated value on the basis of a pressure difference between the inlet and an outlet of the ...

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Номер записи: 68
08-09-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE AIR-FUEL RATIO IN THE EXHAUST GAS OF A DIRECT INJECTION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE FOR NOx STORAGE CATALYTIC CONVERTER REGENERATION

Номер: US20160258372A1
Автор: SCHAUB Joschka, Schnorbus Thorsten
Принадлежит:

Method for adjusting the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas of a direct injection internal combustion engine, wherein the combusting fuel injection is divided into a plurality of individual injections, and wherein the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine for a given load (PMI) is predictively adjusted by at least one model, by adjusting the position of the centroid of heat release conversion rates and the injection amount of the total combusting fuel injection, to a value that is necessary for the regeneration of an NOx storage catalytic converter in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine. 1. A method for adjusting the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas of a direct injection internal combustion engine , comprising:dividing, by an electronic control unit, combusting fuel injection into a plurality of individual injections; andpredictively adjusting, by the electronic control unit, an air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine for a given load to a value that is necessary for regeneration of an NOx storage catalytic converter in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine by adjusting a position of a centroid of heat release conversion rates and an injection amount of a total combusting fuel injection using at least one model.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the injection amount of the total combusting fuel injection and the number claim 1 , the start and the end of the individual injections are adjusted to adjust the position of centroid of heat release conversion rates.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the combusting fuel injection is divided into a main injection and a post-injection.4. The method according to claim 1 , the injection amount of the total combusting fuel injection is calculated on the basis of a target value of the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gas and a determined amount of oxygen in the induction air of the internal combustion engine.5. The method ...

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Номер записи: 69
08-08-2019 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN EXHAUST GAS TREATMENT ARRANGEMENT

Номер: US20190242314A1
Автор: Armiento Maria, Balenovic Mario, Harmsen Jan, Nederlof Christian, Ukropec Robert
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust aftertreatment arrangement. In one example, a system includes a LNT upstream of an SCR with an oxygen storage component arranged therebetween, and where a rich operation of an engine is limited based on an oxygen load of the oxygen storage component when an exhaust gas temperature is higher than a limit temperature. 1. A system comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'an exhaust passage comprising a lean-NOtrap (LNT) arranged upstream of a selective-catalytic-reduction (SCR) catalyst with respect to a direction of exhaust gas flow;'}an oxygen storage component arranged between the LNT and the SCR; anda controller with computer-readable instructions stored thereon that when executed enable the controller to:limit a rich operation of an engine in response to an exhaust temperature and an oxygen load of the oxygen storage component.2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising an exhaust gas temperature sensor and a lambda sensor arranged between the LNT and the oxygen storage component.3. The system of claim 2 , further comprising where the lambda sensor is a first lambda sensor claim 2 , and where a second lambda sensor is arranged upstream of the LNT.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to ignore feedback from the first lambda sensor and the exhaust gas temperature sensor in response to a lambda value of the second lambda sensor being greater than or equal to 1.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instruction further enable the controller estimate a time remaining of the rich operation based on the oxygen load claim 1 , and where the time remaining increases as the oxygen load increases.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to switch the rich operation to a lean operation in response to the oxygen load decreasing to a threshold load claim 1 , and where the rich operation is subsequently reinstated in response to the oxygen load increasing above ...

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Номер записи: 70
14-09-2017 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING REGENERATION OF CATALYST

Номер: US20170260886A1
Автор: Jung Chang Ho
Принадлежит:

A method for controlling regeneration a catalyst by an exhaust gas purification device includes: measuring a temperature of exhaust gas flowing into a first catalyst unit; estimating a NOamount loaded into the first catalyst unit and a slip amount of NOof the first catalyst unit by using the temperature and an amount of the exhaust gas of the first catalyst unit; calculating a temperature of a second catalyst unit by using the temperature of the first catalyst unit; and estimating a NOamount flowing into the second catalyst unit by using at least one of the slip amount of NOof the first catalyst unit and the temperature of the second catalyst unit. 1. A method for controlling regeneration of a catalyst by an exhaust gas purification device , the method comprising:measuring a temperature of an exhaust gas flowing into a first catalyst unit;{'sub': x', 'x, 'estimating a NOamount loaded into the first catalyst unit and a slip amount of NOof the first catalyst unit by using the temperature and an amount of the exhaust gas of the first catalyst unit;'}calculating a temperature of a second catalyst unit by using the temperature of the first catalyst unit; and{'sub': x', 'x, 'estimating a NOamount flowing into the second catalyst unit by using at least one of the slip amount of NOof the first catalyst unit and the temperature of the second catalyst unit.'}2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining regeneration of the first catalyst unit or the second catalyst unit by using at least one of selected from the group consisting of the NOamount loaded into the first catalyst unit claim 1 , the temperature of the first catalyst unit claim 1 , and the temperature of the second catalyst unit.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the step of determining regeneration includes comparing an amount of nitrogen oxide flowing into the first catalyst unit with a first threshold value.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the step of determining regeneration further includes: ...

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Номер записи: 71
21-10-2021 дата публикации

Systems and methods for selective catalytic reduction and/or ammonia slip catalyst sulfur protection

Номер: US20210324775A1
Автор: Aleksey Yezerets, Di Wang, Jinyong LUO, Michael J. Cunningham, Richard J. ANCIMER, Yadan Tang, Yuhui ZHA
Принадлежит: Cummins Inc

Systems, apparatuses, and methods include predicting a sulfur exposure of one or more copper-zeolite catalysts deployed in an exhaust aftertreatment system; comparing the predicted sulfur exposure to a predefined sulfur exposure threshold; and responsive to the determination, heating the exhaust aftertreatment catalyst to a predefined heat treatment temperature for a predefined time period to desulfate the one or more copper-zeolite catalysts.

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Номер записи: 72
29-09-2016 дата публикации

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DESULFATION OF AN OXIDATION CATALYST FOR DUAL FUEL ENGINES

Номер: US20160281619A1
Автор: Bruner C. Larry, Kale Prachetas A., Kamasamudram Krishna, Kumar Ashok, Li Junhui, Lutz Timothy P.
Принадлежит:

A system and method are disclosed for desulfating an oxidation catalyst in an aftertreatment system of a multifuel internal combustion engine. The oxidation catalyst can be desulfated in response to one or more desulfation triggering events. The desulfation process includes providing hydrocarbons from one or all of the multiple fuel sources to an upstream oxidation catalyst. The hydrocarbons react with the exhaust gas within the upstream oxidation catalyst to deplete oxygen in the exhaust flow to thereby reduce the desulfation temperature of the oxidation catalyst while elevating a temperature of the exhaust gas to a desulfation temperature range. 1. A method comprising:operating a dual fuel internal combustion engine including an exhaust aftertreatment system to produce an exhaust gas containing an amount of oxygen, the exhaust aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device, a first oxidation catalyst, and a second oxidation catalyst downstream of the first oxidation catalyst;interpreting a desulfation triggering event associated with the second oxidation catalyst;introducing a quantity of hydrocarbons into the exhaust gas upstream of the first oxidation catalyst in response to the desulfation triggering event, wherein the quantity of hydrocarbons is determined in response at least in part to the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas; andpassing the quantity of hydrocarbons and exhaust gas through the first oxidation catalyst to elevate a temperature of and reduce the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gas at the second oxidation catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the desulfation triggering event includes at least one of:a time based desulfation triggering event determined in response to a duration of duel fuel internal combustion engine operation;a time and temperature history based desulfation triggering event determined in response to a time of operation of the duel fuel internal combustion engine above a temperature threshold;a ...

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Номер записи: 73
20-08-2020 дата публикации

Method and Device Intended to Purify Sulphur Oxide Containing Exhaust Gas from Internal Combustion Engines by Means of a Multi-stage Adsorption Method

Номер: US20200263580A1
Автор: Jürgens Ralf
Принадлежит:

A method and a device intended to purify pollutants from an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine operated with sulphur containing fuel, in particular of a ship internal combustion engine operated with heavy fuel oil, are provided. Exhaust gas flow is in contact with a solid adsorption agent of the adsorber in a first step and binding in particular acid pollutants, which comprise sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide. The exhaust gas flow is then guided by a second stage of the adsorber realising fine purification of the exhaust gas flow. The adsorption agent of the second stage is used in the first stage as an adsorption agent. 11913151513. A purification method of pollutants from an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine operated with sulphur containing fuel , in particular a ship internal combustion engine operated with heavy fuel oil , characterised in that said exhaust gas flow being in contact with a solid adsorption agent () of the adsorber in a first stage () , binding in particular acid pollutants , which comprise sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide , and where the exhaust gas flow is then guided by a second stage () of the adsorber realising fine purification of the exhaust gas flow and where the adsorption agent of the second stage () is used in the first stage () as adsorption agent.219. The method according claim 1 , wherein said adsorption agent () used is composed of granules containing calcium hydroxide and/or calcium carbonate claim 1 , sodium carbonate and/or sodium hydrogen carbonate and/or magnesium oxide and/or magnesium hydroxide.319. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said solid absorbing agent () is available in the shape of granulated bulk material claim 1 , having in particular a grain size between 1 mmm and 20 mm and preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm.419. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the solid adsorber () contains a carbon containing addition agent claim 1 , in particular active charcoal and/or ...

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Номер записи: 74
27-09-2018 дата публикации

MOTOR VEHICLE INCLUDING A LEAN NOX TRAP REGENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REGENERATION

Номер: US20180274464A1
Автор: Lavallee Jean-Yves, PELLEGRINO Stefano, Solbrig Charles E.
Принадлежит:

An emissions control system for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine includes a lean NOx trap (LNT) device including an LNT inlet and an LNT outlet, and a LNT sensor arranged at the LNT inlet. The LNT sensor is operable to detect a temperature of exhaust gases passing into the LNT device. A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) member is fluidically connected to the LNT device. The SCR device includes an SCR inlet and an SCR outlet. An SCR sensor is mounted to the SCR. The SCR sensor is operable to detect a temperature of the SCR. A LNT regeneration control system including a LNT regeneration controller is operatively connected to the LNT sensor and the SCR sensor. The LNT regeneration control system is operable to activate the LNT regeneration controller based on inputs from the LNT sensor and the SCR sensor. 1. An emissions control system for a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine comprising:a lean NOx trap (LNT) device including an LNT inlet and an LNT outlet;a LNT sensor arranged at the LNT inlet; the LNT sensor being operable to detect a temperature of exhaust gases passing into the LNT device;a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) device fluidically connected to the LNT device, the SCR device including an SCR inlet and an SCR outlet;an SCR sensor mounted to the SCR, the SCR sensor being operable to detect a temperature of the SCR; anda LNT regeneration control system including a LNT regeneration controller operatively connected to the LNT sensor and the SCR sensor, the LNT regeneration control system being operable to activate the LNT regeneration controller based on inputs from the LNT sensor and the SCR sensor.2. The emissions control system according to claim 1 , wherein the SCR includes an SCR substrate claim 1 , the SCR sensor being operatively coupled to the SCR substrate.3. The emissions control system according to claim 1 , further comprising:an engine load sensor operable to detect a load of the internal combustion ...

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Номер записи: 75
05-09-2019 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN AFTERTREATMENT ARRANGEMENT

Номер: US20190271245A1
Автор: Balenovic Mario, De Smet Frederik
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for partially regenerating a lean Notrap in response to an engine shutdown request. In one example, an engine shutdown is delayed so that a low-temperature storing region of the lean Notrap is regenerated without regenerating a high-temperature storing region of the lean Notrap. 1. A system comprising:{'sub': 'x', 'an engine comprising an exhaust system comprising a lean-NO-trap (LNT); and'}a controller with computer-readable instructions stored on non-transitory memory thereof that when executed enable the controller to:regenerate only a low-temperature storing region of the LNT without regenerating a high-temperature storing region of the LNT in response to an engine shutdown request.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to regenerate the low-temperature storing region with non-rich exhaust gases comprising an exhaust gas temperature within a regeneration temperature range.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the low-temperature storing region is regenerated via non-rich exhaust gases in response to a high-temperature storing region load being less than a threshold load.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to regenerate the low-temperature storing region with rich exhaust gases comprising an exhaust gas temperature within a regeneration temperature range.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the low-temperature storing region is regenerated via rich exhaust gases in response to a high-temperature storing region load being greater than or equal to a threshold load.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the engine is arranged on a hybrid vehicle claim 1 , and where the instructions further enable the controller to decouple the engine from a drivetrain via an electric clutch prior to regenerating the low-temperature storing region of the LNT and after the engine shutdown request.7. The system of claim 6 , wherein the engine shutdown request comprises one ...

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Номер записи: 76
05-10-2017 дата публикации

Exhaust gas control device for internal combustion engine and control method thereof

Номер: US20170284269A1
Автор: Eiji Ikuta, Keiichi Myojo, Yoshiyuki Shogenji, Yuki NOSE
Принадлежит: Toyota Motor Corp

An exhaust gas control device for an internal combustion engine includes an estimation unit configured to estimate a temperature of a catalyst on the basis of an acquired operation state of the internal combustion engine and a difference between a lean air-fuel ratio and a rich air-fuel ratio which are set as target air-fuel ratios during execution of catalyst regeneration control, a determination unit configured to determine whether the estimated temperature of the catalyst is higher than a threshold value during execution of the catalyst regeneration control, and a prohibition unit configured to prohibit the catalyst regeneration control when it is determined that the estimated temperature of the catalyst is higher than the threshold value during execution of the catalyst regeneration control.

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Номер записи: 77
12-09-2019 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR AN EXHAUST GAS AFTERTREATMENT ARRANGEMENT

Номер: US20190277174A1
Автор: Armiento Maria, Harmsen Jan, Roemer Dirk, Smirnov Evgeny, Ukropec Robert
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for an exhaust gas arrangement. In one example, a system comprises an air supply device arranged between a first LNT and a second LNT. The air supply device positioned to adjust an air/fuel ratio and a temperature of exhaust gas flowing to the second LNT and devices downstream thereof. 1. A system comprising:{'sub': x', 'x, 'a first lean NOtrap arranged upstream of a second lean NOtrap in an exhaust passage;'}{'sub': 'x', 'an air supply device arranged between the first and second lean NOtraps; and'}a controller with computer-readable instructions stored on non-transitory memory thereof that when executed enable the controller to:{'sub': 'x', 'adjust an air flow from the air supply device during a regeneration of the first lean NOtrap.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the air supply device comprises an injector positioned to inject directly into a portion of the exhaust passage downstream of an exhaust gas sensor arranged between the first and second lean NOtraps claim 1 , wherein a rate of the air flow of the air supply device is based on a difference between a lambda value of the exhaust gas and a stoichiometric lambda value to block rich exhaust gas from passing through the second lean NOtrap.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the instructions further enable the controller to adjust the air flow from the air supply device and adjust an engine air/fuel ratio to a rich air/fuel ratio in response to the second lean NOtrap requesting a desulfation.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein a rate of the air flow is based on the rich air/fuel ratio claim 3 , and where the rate increases an exhaust gas air/fuel ratio between the air supply device and the second lean NOtrap to a lean air/fuel ratio.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second lean NOtrap is in a far-underbody position.6. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a selective catalytic reduction device arranged downstream of the second lean NOtrap.7. The system of claim 6 , ...

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Номер записи: 78
26-09-2019 дата публикации

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GAS

Номер: US20190292960A1
Автор: HEIGL Roland, KRAJETE Alexander, MÜLLER-HELLWIG Simone, SEIFERT Arne
Принадлежит: Audi AG

A method for purifying the exhaust gas generated by an internal combustion engine, wherein the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine is conducted through an exhaust gas path in which at least one adsorption element is arranged, to which pollutants contained in the exhaust gas at least partly bind, and in which the at least one adsorption element is regenerated by at least partial desorption of the bound pollutants, and pollutants desorbed from the at least one adsorption element during the desorption process are stored in at least one storage unit. 111-. (canceled)13. The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the at least one adsorption element comprises:an adsorption layer of a material from the following list of materials or a combination thereof: aluminum oxide or aluminum silicate.14. The method as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the at least one adsorption element is a solid adsorption element with an inorganic or organic matrix claim 13 , and wherein the pollutants are bound regeneratively and/or physisorptively to the at least one adsorption layer.15. The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein pollutants bound by the at least one adsorption element are regenerated by means of a desorption process from the following list of desorption processes or a combination thereof:raising a temperature of the at least one adsorption element, raising a temperature in an environment of the at least one adsorption element, reduction of an atmospheric pressure in the environment of the at least one adsorption element, flow of an auxiliary gas through the at least one adsorption element.16. The method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein pure carbon dioxide and/or synthetic air prepared by means of an auxiliary gas storage unit is provided as auxiliary gas.17. The method as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the auxiliary gas is taken at least in part from the at least one storage unit.18. The method as claimed in claim 12 , wherein pollutants released during the ...

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Номер записи: 79
27-10-2016 дата публикации

COMPONENT PERFORMANCE RECOVERY VIA INLET AND OUTLET SWAP

Номер: US20160312675A1
Автор: Harinath Arvind V., Liu Qiang, LIU ZHENG, Yuan Ying
Принадлежит: Cummins Emission Solutions, Inc.

A process for recovering performance of a component of an aftertreatment system. The component includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is positioned upstream relative to an exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system, and the outlet is positioned downstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system. The process includes removing the component from the aftertreatment system. The process also includes regenerating the component, such as subjecting the component to an acid wash and/or heat treating the component. The process further includes reinstalling the component into the aftertreatment system with the inlet positioned downstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system and the outlet positioned upstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system. 1. A process for performance recovery for a component of an aftertreatment system , the component having an inlet and an outlet , the inlet positioned upstream relative to an exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system , the outlet positioned downstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system , the process comprising:removing the component from the aftertreatment system;regenerating the component; andreinstalling the component into the aftertreatment system with the inlet positioned downstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system and the outlet positioned upstream relative to the exhaust gas flow through the aftertreatment system.2. The process of claim 1 , wherein removing the component from the aftertreatment system is performed responsive to interpreting a parameter indicating the component is below a predetermined operational level.3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the predetermined operational level is one of a percentage or value of hydrocarbon (HC) storage claim 2 , a percentage or value of NOx storage claim 2 , a percentage or value of ammonia storage claim 2 , a ...

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Номер записи: 80
27-10-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR REGENERATING A NOX STORAGE CATALYTIC CONVERTER

Номер: US20160312721A1
Автор: De Smet Frederik, Roettger Daniel, Schneider Matthew Allen, Vigild Christian Winge
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for regenerating a NOx storage catalytic converter of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine comprising selectively switchable cylinders. During permissible engine operating conditions, the switchable cylinders may be deactivated in order to regenerate the NOx storage catalytic converter using the rich exhaust from the active cylinders blended with un-combusted gas from the deactivated cylinders. 1. A method for regenerating a NOstorage catalytic converter of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine , comprising:deactivating at least one switchable cylinder of the internal combustion engine;maintaining at least one inlet valve and at least one exhaust valve of a deactivated cylinder partially open;routing a flow of fresh air through the deactivated cylinder;operating at least one active cylinder of the internal combustion engine; and{'sub': 'x', 'routing a flow of exhaust gas from the active cylinder to the NOstorage catalytic converter;'} 'during the regeneration of the NOx storage catalytic converter, a first part of an un-combusted gas emanating from the deactivated cylinder is added to the exhaust gas of the active cylinder, and a second part of the un-combusted gas is cooled via a cooling device and recirculated to the inlet side of the switchable cylinder and/or of the active cylinder.', 'wherein'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first part of the un-combusted gas emanating from a deactivated cylinder is metered and added from a recirculation line to the exhaust gas upstream of each of a turbine of a turbocharger and the NOstorage catalytic converter in a direction of flow of the exhaust gas.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a ratio of the first part and the second part is adjusted based on one or more of a temperature claim 1 , volumetric flow rate claim 1 , oxygen content claim 1 , and fuel content of exhaust gas reaching the NOx storage catalytic converter claim 1 , wherein the ratio is increased based on one ...

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Номер записи: 81
17-09-2020 дата публикации

METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR EXHAUST EMISSION CONTROL

Номер: US20200291839A1
Автор: Dobson Douglas Allen, Lambert Christine, Theis Joseph Robert
Принадлежит:

Methods and systems are provided for a low temperature NOx adsorber (LTNA). In one example, a method includes initiating a desulfation of an LTNA responsive to an estimated sulfur exposure exceeding a threshold, the desulfation including heating the LTNA to a first threshold temperature while maintaining an exhaust oxygen level above a threshold level throughout the entire desulfation.

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Номер записи: 82
10-11-2016 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION APPARATUS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20160326927A1
Автор: Kato Akira, Nagai Yasutaka, SAKAMOTO Yoshiyuki
Принадлежит:

An exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine, includes an oxygen ion conductor which can conduct oxygen ions when a voltage is applied to the conductor and a NOx absorption/discharge device. The NOx absorption/discharge device is formed by a first electrode provided on a first surface of the oxygen ion conductor and a second electrode including silver and provided on a second surface of the oxygen ion conductor opposite to the first surface across the oxygen ion conductor. The apparatus applies a voltage between the first and second electrodes such that oxygen ions move through the oxygen ion conductor from the first electrode toward the second electrode when satisfied is a purification condition that nitrogen oxide discharged from the NOx absorption/discharge device can be purified in the exhaust passage. 1. An exhaust gas purification apparatus of an internal combustion engine , comprising:an oxygen ion conductor formed of oxygen ion conductive material which can conduct oxygen ions when an electric voltage is applied to the oxygen ion conductive material;a NOx absorption/discharge device provided in an exhaust passage of the engine, the NOx absorption/discharge device being formed by a first electrode provided on a first surface of the oxygen ion conductor and a second electrode including silver and provided on a second surface of the oxygen ion conductor opposite to the first surface across the oxygen ion conductor;an electric voltage source for applying an electric voltage between the first and second electrodes; anda control section configured to control an operation of the electric voltage source,wherein the control section is configured to control the operation of the electric voltage source to apply an electric voltage between the first and second electrodes such that oxygen ions move through the oxygen ion conductor from the first electrode toward the second electrode when satisfied is a purification condition that nitrogen oxide ...

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Номер записи: 83
08-11-2018 дата публикации

SORPTION ENHANCED REACTION TECHNOLOGY FOR INCREASED PERFORMANCE FROM AUTOMOTIVE CATALYSTS

Номер: US20180318764A1
Автор: Keturakis Christopher J.
Принадлежит: Cummins Emission Solutions Inc.

A method for nitrogen monoxide (NO) oxidation in catalytic systems is disclosed. The method includes receiving NO-containing exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine system, reacting NO with a stoichiometric amount of oxygen gas (O), the reacting taking place in the presence of a sorbent and a catalyst, and recovering an amount of nitrogen dioxide (NO) surpassing the equilibrium limitation of the NO oxidation reaction. 1. A aftertreatment system for an engine , the aftertreatment system comprising:a diesel particulate filter;a decomposition chamber;a dosing module configured to dose reductant into the decomposition chamber; and{'sub': 2', '2, 'a catalyst component configured for nitrogen monoxide (NO) oxidation, the catalyst component being configured to receive a flow of NO-containing exhaust gas produced by the engine, to react the NO-containing exhaust gas with an amount of oxygen gas (O) in a presence of a sorbent and a catalyst, wherein the sorbent is adapted to adsorb an amount of nitrogen dioxide (NO) to exceed an equilibrium limitation of an NO oxidation reaction for the NO-containing exhaust gas.'}2. The system of claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the catalytic material to the sorbent in the catalyst component is approximately 1:3.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst component is a diesel oxidation catalyst component.4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent is adapted to suppress a reverse reaction of NOto NO and O.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent is adapted to increase a rate of a forward reaction in a reversible reaction.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the sorbent is adapted to increase the rate of formation of NO.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sorbent is adapted to capture NOwithout capturing NO.8. A method for nitrogen monoxide (NO) oxidation in a catalytic system claim 1 , the method comprising:receiving a NO-containing exhaust gas produced by an engine at a catalyst component;{'sub': '2', 'reacting the ...

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Номер записи: 84
17-11-2016 дата публикации

CONTROL APPARATUS FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20160333808A1
Автор: Kobayashi Hiroshi, Mori Toshihiro, Nakayama Shigeki, Umemoto Kazuhiro
Принадлежит:

A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust passage and includes a NOx storage reduction (NSR) catalyst. The control apparatus, when the air fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is shifted from a lean air fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, determines a predetermined NOamount so as to be larger when the temperature detected by the first detection unit is high in comparison with when the detected temperature is low, and when the storage amount of NOin the NSR catalyst is larger than the predetermined NOamount, performs the rich spike processing and then controls the air fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, whereas when otherwise, controls the air fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air fuel ratio without performing the rich spike processing. 1. A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine , the internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust passage and includes a NOstorage reduction (NSR) catalyst , the control apparatus comprising;a first detection unit configured to detect a temperature of the NSR catalyst;{'sub': x', 'x, 'a second detection unit configured to detect a NOstorage amount which is an amount of NOstored in the NSR catalyst;'}{'sub': 'x', 'a rich spike unit configured to carry out rich spike processing which is to reduce NOstored in the NSR catalyst by adjusting an air fuel ratio of exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust gas purification device to a rich air fuel ratio; and'}{'sub': 'x', 'a control unit configured, when the air fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture is shifted from a lean air fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, to control the rich spike unit in such a manner that the rich spike processing is carried out in a state in which the storage amount of NOdetected by the second detection unit is smaller when the temperature detected by the first detection unit is high in ...

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Номер записи: 85
24-11-2016 дата публикации

METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN EXTERNALLY EXCITED ELECTRIC MACHINE TO BOOST REGENERATION OF A NOx STORAGE CATALYST

Номер: US20160341087A1
Автор: Deak Istvan, Greis Andreas, Henger Martin, Kaepple Mario, KLEIN Benjamin, Roesner Julian, Schroeder Bernd, Trzebiatowski Tobias
Принадлежит:

A method for controlling an externally excited electric machine to boost regeneration of a NOx storage catalyst which is part of an assembly made up of an internal combustion engine, the externally excited electric machine which is connected to the internal combustion engine in a manner allowing the transmission of torque and which has a rotor including a rotor winding and a stator, and the NOx storage catalyst which is disposed in an exhaust-system branch downstream of the internal combustion engine, the rotor winding of the electric machine being energized with a preexcitation current as a function of an operating state of the NOx storage catalyst. 1. A method for controlling an externally excited electric machine to boost regeneration of a NOx storage catalyst of an assembly made up of an internal combustion engine , the externally excited electric machine , being connected to the internal combustion engine in a manner allowing a transmission of torque and having a rotor including a rotor winding and a stator , and the NOx storage catalyst being disposed in an exhaust-system branch downstream of the internal combustion engine , the method comprising:energizing the rotor winding of the electric machine with a preexcitation current as a function of an operating state of the NOx storage catalyst.2. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the energizing with the preexcitation current is carried out as a function of a load condition of the NOx storage catalyst as operating state.3. The method as recited in claim 2 , wherein the rotor winding of the electric machine is energized with the preexcitation current only when the load condition of the NOx storage catalyst reaches at least a load threshold value.4. The method as recited in claim 3 , wherein the rotor winding of the electric machine is energized with the preexcitation current only when the internal combustion engine is operated with a rich mixture in order to regenerate the NOx storage catalyst.5. The method ...

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Номер записи: 86
03-12-2015 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Номер: US20150345357A1
Автор: ONO Ryohei
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

An internal combustion engine is configured in such a manner that an exhaust gas purification catalyst () and a hydrocarbon supply valve () are provided in an exhaust gas passage. An exhaust gas purification device selectively uses: a first NOx purification method in which hydrocarbon is sprayed from the hydrocarbon supply valve at predetermined intervals, purifying NOx contained in exhaust gas; and a second NOx purification method in which the air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas which flows into the exhaust gas purification catalyst is made rich at intervals longer than the predetermined intervals, causing the exhaust gas purification catalyst to release occluded NOx and cleaning the NOx. It is determined whether or not the exhaust gas purification catalyst is clogged with the deposition of particulates in the exhaust gas. When it is determined that the exhaust gas purification catalyst is clogged, the second NOx purification method is used. 1. An exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust purification catalyst is arranged inside an engine exhaust passage and a hydrocarbon feed valve is arranged upstream of the exhaust purification catalyst in the engine exhaust passage , a precious metal catalyst is carried on an exhaust gas flow surface of the exhaust purification catalyst and a basic exhaust gas flow surface part is formed around the precious metal catalyst , the exhaust purification catalyst has the property of reducing the NOwhich is contained in the exhaust gas when making the concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the exhaust purification catalyst vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude and within a predetermined range of period and has the property of being increased in amount of storage of NOwhich is contained in the exhaust gas if making the vibration period of the hydrocarbon concentration longer than the predetermined range , a first NOremoval method in which NOcontained in the exhaust gas is removed ...

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Номер записи: 87
22-10-2020 дата публикации

THERMAL MANAGEMENT LIGHTOFF ASSIST SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR REGENERATING OXIDATION CATALYST IN EXHAUST SYSTEM

Номер: US20200332690A1
Автор: Ratts Joshua Lynn, Williams Wilce Damion
Принадлежит: CATERPILLAR INC.

A compression ignition internal combustion engine system includes an engine and an exhaust system with an upstream exhaust conduit, and an oxidation catalyst device (DOC). Systems and methods of desulfating the oxidation catalyst by the injection of a lightoff fluid to promote ignition of uncombusted fuel in the exhaust stream are disclosed. 1. An exhaust system , comprising:an upstream exhaust conduit having a raw exhaust inlet arranged to receive exhaust produced by an internal combustion engine, and an exhaust outlet;a downstream exhaust conduit;a fuel delivery device configured to deliver a compression ignition fuel into the exhaust system;an oxidation catalyst (DOC) arranged fluidly between the upstream exhaust conduit and the downstream exhaust conduit;a lightoff fluid reservoir; anda lightoff fluid delivery device configured to deliver the lightoff fluid into the upstream exhaust conduit to lightoff the compression ignition fuel.2. The exhaust system of wherein the lightoff fluid includes at least one of CO claim 1 , H claim 1 , NH claim 1 , ethanol claim 1 , ether claim 1 , and Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF).3. The exhaust system of further comprising a lightoff fluid delivery port formed in the upstream exhaust conduit claim 1 , and a timer claim 1 , and the lightoff fluid delivery device is coupled with the timer and configured to directly inject the lightoff fluid through the lightoff fluid delivery port at a timing interval.4. The exhaust system of wherein the timing interval is from about 50 hours to about 100 hours of operation of the compression ignition internal combustion engine.5. The exhaust system of further comprising a fuel delivery port in the upstream exhaust conduit and located upstream of the lightoff fluid delivery port claim 3 , and the fuel delivery device is coupled with the fuel delivery port.6. The exhaust system of further comprising a particulate filter and a NOx reduction catalyst each within the downstream exhaust conduit claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 88
17-12-2015 дата публикации

ABNORMALITY DETECTION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (AS AMENDED)

Номер: US20150361844A1
Автор: Mori Toshihiro, OONO Ryohei, Yoshida Kohei
Принадлежит: TOYOTA JIDOSHA KABUSHIKI KAISHA

A straight-flow exhaust purification catalyst () and a hydrocarbon supply valve () are arranged in the engine exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine. A region which is a limited portion of the upstream-side end-surface peripheral part of the exhaust gas purification catalyst (), where there is a possibility of clogging due to deposition oh fine particles in the exhaust gas, is predicted to be a fine particle deposition region, and an air-fuel ratio sensor () is arranged within an exhaust gas circulation region, which is downstream from the downstream-side end-surface peripheral part of the exhaust purification catalyst () and is downstream from the fine particle deposition region when viewed along the longitudinal axis of the exhaust purification catalyst. When the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst () momentarily changes and the rate of change of the output value from, the air-fuel ratio sensor () decreases, it is determined that clogging due to deposition of fine particles in the exhaust gas has occurred in the fine particle deposition region in the upstream-side end-surface peripheral pat of the exhaust purification catalyst (). 1. An abnormality detection system of an internal combustion engine wherein an exhaust purification catalyst is arranged in an engine exhaust passage , a hydrocarbon feed valve is arranged in the engine exhaust passage upstream of the exhaust purification catalyst , the exhaust purification catalyst is comprised of a straight flow type catalyst having a plurality of exhaust flow paths which extend in a longitudinal axial direction of the exhaust purification catalyst , a limited partial region where deposition of particulate in the exhaust gas may cause clogging at a peripheral portion of an upstream side end face of the exhaust purification catalyst is predicted in advance as a particulate deposition region , an air-fuel ratio sensor is arranged downstream of a peripheral portion of ...

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Номер записи: 89
14-11-2019 дата публикации

A system and a method for determining a cause for impaired performance of a catalytic configuration

Номер: US20190345865A1
Автор: Mikael Lundström
Принадлежит: SCANIA CV AB

A method that determines a cause for the impaired performance of a catalytic configuration of the exhaust gas of a combustion engine ( 231 ), the method including determining (s 410 ) a course of a NOx-conversion ratio; determining (s 420 ) a prevailing temperature of the catalytic configuration; increasing (s 430 ) the temperature of the catalytic configuration from a prevailing temperature below a predetermined temperature value (Te) to a temperature (TSred) above the predetermined temperature value above which sulphur is removed from the catalytic configuration; and/or decreasing (s 440 ) the temperature of the catalytic configuration from a prevailing temperature (TSred) above the predetermined temperature value (Te) to a temperature below the predetermined temperature value so as to impair the performance of the catalytic configuration in case sulphur is present; and determining (s 450 ) one cause out of a set of causes on the basis of the course of the NOx-conversion ratio thus determined.

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Номер записи: 90
22-12-2016 дата публикации

INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR CO2 CAPTURE AND USE IN THERMAL POWER PRODUCTION CYCLE

Номер: US20160369674A1
Автор: AL-SADAT Wajdi Issam, Hamad Esam Zaki, YOUNES Mourad Victor
Принадлежит:

A process for reducing the amount of COreleased into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream produced by the combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle by capturing at least a portion of the COin a liquid sorbent on board the vehicle, recovering the COfrom the sorbent and compressing the COfor temporary storage on board the vehicle, where the process is operated as a semi-closed system in which the liquid sorbent that captures the COserves as a working fluid and retains the COduring the power generation cycle to produce mechanical energy or work, after which the COis desorbed for densification and recovery as an essentially pure gas stream and the working fluid is recycled for use in the process. 1. A process for reducing the amount of COreleased into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream produced by the combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle by capturing at least a portion of the COwith a sorbent on board the vehicle , recovering the COfrom the sorbent and compressing the COfor temporary storage on board the vehicle , the process characterized bya. passing the hot exhaust gas stream from the ICE through a plurality of heat exchangers in a first heat exchange zone to reduce the temperature of the exhaust gas stream to a value in a predetermined temperature range;{'sub': 2', '2', '2', '2, 'b. contacting the cooled exhaust gas stream in an absorption zone with a liquid COsorbent solution at a temperature within a predetermined temperature range, the solution comprising a liquid solvent in which is dissolved at least one compound that reversibly combines with COto capture at least a portion of the COfrom the exhaust gas stream to provide a CO-rich solution;'}{'sub': 2', '2, 'c. separating the CO-rich solution from the remaining exhaust gas stream that is of reduced COcontent;'}{'sub': '2', 'd. discharging the remaining exhaust gas stream of reduced ...

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Номер записи: 91
22-12-2016 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS POST-PROCESSING APPARATUS AND CONTROL METHOD THEREFOR

Номер: US20160369682A1
Автор: CHOI Nam Il, KIM Ji Seok, Kim Tae Hyung, Moon Seung Eun
Принадлежит:

The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and a control method therefore. The exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and the control method therefore according to the present disclosure are provided with a pressure sensor on an exhaust gas line and a sensor on front/rear ends of the exhaust gas post-processing apparatus which can measure the concentration and the quantity of nitrogen oxides. Consequently, forced regeneration of the exhaust gas post-processing apparatus can be performed by determining whether the back pressure is increased or whether the reduction efficiency of nitrogen oxides becomes poor. 1. An exhaust gas post-processing apparatus including a selective catalyst reduction device provided in an exhaust gas line , the apparatus comprising:a first sensor provided at an upstream of the selective catalyst reduction device to measure nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas;a second sensor provided at a rear end of the selective catalyst reduction device to measure nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas; anda control unit configured to calculate a reduction efficiency of nitrogen oxides by comparing a difference between a concentration of the nitrogen oxides detected in the first sensor and a concentration of the nitrogen oxides detected in the second sensor to send a control command to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas when the reduction efficiency is lower than a predetermined reduction efficiency.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a third sensor provided at the upstream of the selective catalyst reduction device to measure a pressure value of the exhaust gas,wherein the control unit additionally sends the control command to increase the temperature of the exhaust gas in accordance with the pressure value measured by the third sensor.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:a fourth sensor which detects a temperature of the exhaust gas at the upstream of the selective catalyst ...

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Номер записи: 92
21-12-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RESTORING NOx PURIFICATION CAPACITY

Номер: US20170362979A1
Автор: Nagaoka Daiji, Nakada Teruo, Sakamoto Takayuki
Принадлежит:

An exhaust purification system includes: a NOx reduction catalyst for reducing and purifying NOx in an exhaust gas; a catalyst regeneration control module for executing a catalyst regeneration process of restoring a NOx purification capacity of the NOx reduction catalyst by switching an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from a lean state to a rich state by using in parallel an air system control to reduce an intake air amount and an injection system control to increase a fuel injection amount; an exhaust gas temperature sensor that is provided on a downstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst on an exhaust passageway; a catalyst temperature estimating module for estimating a catalyst temperature of the NOx reduction catalyst; a temperature sensor value estimating module for estimating a sensor value of the exhaust gas temperature sensor; and an abnormality determination module for determining on an abnormality of a catalyst regeneration process. 1. An exhaust purification system comprising:a NOx reduction catalyst that is provided on an exhaust passageway of an internal combustion engine to reduce and purify NOx in an exhaust gas;an exhaust gas temperature sensor that is provided on a downstream side of the NOx reduction catalyst on the exhaust passageway; anda control unit configured to:execute a catalyst regeneration process of restoring a NOx purification capacity of the NOx reduction catalyst by switching an air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas from a lean state to a rich state by using in parallel an air system control to reduce an intake air amount and an injection system control to increase a fuel injection amount;estimate a catalyst temperature of the NOx reduction catalyst based on an operating state of the internal combustion engine;estimate a sensor value of the exhaust gas temperature sensor based on the catalyst temperature; anddetermine on an abnormality of the catalyst regeneration process based on a difference in temperature between an actual sensor ...

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Номер записи: 93
21-12-2017 дата публикации

EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEM, AND NOx PURIFICATION CAPACITY RESTORATION METHOD

Номер: US20170362980A1
Автор: Nagaoka Daiji, Nakada Teruo, Sakamoto Takayuki
Принадлежит:

There is provided an exhaust gas purification system including: a NOx storage-reduction catalyst that is provided in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine to reduce and purify NOx in exhaust gas; a degree of deterioration estimation module for estimating a degree of deterioration of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst; a regeneration control unit for executing a regeneration process in which exhaust gas is enriched so as to restore a NOx storage capacity of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst; an interval setting module for setting a target interval from an end of the regeneration process to a start of the subsequent regeneration process by the regeneration control unit; and an interval target value correction module for correcting the target interval based on the degree of deterioration that is estimated by the degree of deterioration estimation module. 1. An exhaust gas purification system comprising:a NOx storage-reduction catalyst that is provided on an exhaust passageway of an internal combustion engine to reduce and purify a nitrogen compound in exhaust gas; anda control unit configured to:estimate a degree of deterioration of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst;execute a regeneration process in which the exhaust gas is enriched so as to restore a NOx storage capacity of the NOx storage-reduction catalyst;set a target interval from an end of the regeneration process to a start of the subsequent regeneration process; andcorrect the target interval based on the estimated degree of deterioration.2. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1 , whereinthe control unit shortens the target interval more as the estimated degree of deterioration becomes greater.3. The exhaust gas purification system according to claim 1 , whereinthe control unit sets a target regeneration time from a start of the regeneration process to an end of the regeneration process; andthe control unit corrects the target regeneration time based on the estimated degree of ...

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Номер записи: 94
31-12-2015 дата публикации

Vehicle exhaust particulate filter regeneration

Номер: US20150377160A1
Автор: Aden BOTT, Jamil KHAN, Tim Slaney
Принадлежит: Jaguar Land Rover Ltd

A vehicle includes an engine and a particulate filter that is situated to filter particulates from the exhaust fluid. A controller is configured to implement a sequence of particulate filter regeneration techniques including a first technique during an engine start up condition, a second technique during a running engine idle condition, and a third technique during a driving condition. The controller is configured to determine whether particulate filter regeneration is desired, implement the first technique when particulate filter regeneration is desired, determine whether particulate filter regeneration is still desired after using the first technique, implement the second technique when regeneration is still desired after using the first technique, determine whether particulate filter regeneration is still desired after using the second technique, and implement the third technique when regeneration is still desired after using the second technique.

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Номер записи: 95
20-12-2018 дата публикации

Catalyst system for lean gasoline direct injection engines

Номер: US20180361360A1
Автор: Attilio Siani, John K. Hochmuth, Wen-Mei Xue
Принадлежит: BASF Corp

A lean gasoline exhaust treatment catalyst article is provided, the article comprising a catalytic material applied on a substrate, wherein the catalytic material comprises a first composition and a second composition, wherein the first and second compositions are present in a layered or zoned configuration, the first composition comprising palladium impregnated onto a porous refractory metal oxide material and rhodium impregnated onto a porous refractory metal oxide material; and the second composition comprising platinum impregnated onto a porous refractory metal oxide material. Methods of making and using such catalyst articles and the associated compositions and systems employing such catalyst articles are also described.

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Номер записи: 96
29-12-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF REGENERATING LEAN NOx TRAP OF EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH LEAN NOx TRAP AND SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION CATALYST AND EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20160376962A1
Автор: LEE Jin Ha, Park Jin Woo, SCHAUB Joschka, VOVK Alexander, WITTKA Thomas
Принадлежит:

A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst may include: determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied; determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; and performing regeneration of the LNT if the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied. In particular, the regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied if a NOx adsorption in the LNT is larger than or equal to a threshold NOx adsorption, and the threshold NOx adsorption is set to a minimum value of a target NOx adsorption in the LNT which changes according to a maximum NOx adsorption in the LNT in cold starting and a NOx purification efficiency of the SCR catalyst. 1. A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst , comprising:determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied;determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; andperforming regeneration of the LNT when the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied,wherein the regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied when a NOx adsorption in the LNT is larger than or equal to a threshold NOx adsorption, andwherein the threshold NOx adsorption is set to a minimum value of a target NOx adsorption in the LNT which changes according to a maximum NOx adsorption in the LNT in cold starting and a NOx purification efficiency of the SCR catalyst.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the maximum NOx adsorption in the LNT in cold starting is calculated according to a NH3 adsorption in the SCR catalyst and an aging factor of the LNT.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the target NOx adsorption in the LNT is ...

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Номер записи: 97
29-12-2016 дата публикации

METHOD OF REGENERATING LEAN NOx TRAP OF EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM PROVIDED WITH LEAN NOx TRAP AND SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION CATALYST AND EXHAUST PURIFICATION SYSTEM

Номер: US20160376963A1
Автор: LEE Jin Ha, Park Jin Woo, SCHAUB Joschka, VOVK Alexander, WITTKA Thomas
Принадлежит:

A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst may include: determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied; determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; and performing regeneration of the LNT if the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied. In particular, the regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied if all of an engine operating condition, an LNT state condition, and a lambda sensor synchronization condition are satisfied. 1. A method of regenerating a lean NOx trap (LNT) of an exhaust purification system provided with the LNT and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst , comprising:determining whether a regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied;determining whether a regeneration demand condition of the LNT is satisfied; andperforming regeneration of the LNT when the regeneration release condition of the LNT and the regeneration demand condition of the LNT are satisfied,wherein the regeneration release condition of the LNT is satisfied when all of an engine operating condition, an LNT state condition, and a lambda sensor synchronization condition are satisfied.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engine operating condition is satisfied when an engine torque is between a minimum engine torque and a maximum engine torque according to an engine speed claim 1 , the engine speed is between a minimum engine speed and a maximum engine speed claim 1 , a gear stage is higher than or equal to a minimum gear stage according to the engine speed and the engine torque claim 1 , and a torque gradient is smaller than a maximum torque gradient according to the minimum engine torque.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the maximum torque gradient is calculated by dividing a difference between the minimum engine torque and ...

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Номер записи: 98
28-12-2017 дата публикации

NOx REDUCTION SYSTEM

Номер: US20170370259A1
Автор: BERARD Jean-Francois, KOUAKOU Anita, Van Schaftingen Jules-Joseph
Принадлежит: Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation and Research

A system and method for reducing the nitrogen oxides found in the exhaust produced by a vehicle engine, the system comprising a NOx trap and a first adding means for adding a reducing agent to the exhaust gas. The first adding means is positioned downstream of the engine and either upstream of or within the NOx trap. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the NOx trap and the first Selective Catalytic Reduction unit are located within a same canning.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises a second Selective Catalytic Reduction unit; wherein the second Selective Catalytic Reduction unit is located downstream of the first Selective Catalytic Reduction unit.4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the system further comprises a second adding means for adding a reducing agent to the exhaust gas; wherein the second adding means is located upstream of at least one Selective Catalytic Reduction unit.5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system further comprises:at least one sensor; anda controller configured to receive sensed data from the at least one sensor and to control at least one of the adding means based on the sensed data from the at least one sensor.6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the system comprises:a NOx sensor located downstream of the NOx trap; andthe controller is configured to receive sensed data from the NOx sensor and to control at least one of the adding means based on the sensed data from the NOx sensor.7. The system of claim 5 , wherein the system comprises:a second adding means for adding a reducing agent to the exhaust gas; wherein the second adding means is located upstream of at least one Selective Catalytic Reduction unit;a temperature sensor; andthe controller is configured to control at least one of the adding means based on the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor.8. The system of claim 4 , wherein at least one of the adding means is configured to inject the reducing agent in the gas phase.9. The system of claim 1 , ...

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Номер записи: 99
19-11-2020 дата публикации

Method for monitoring a gas sensor

Номер: US20200363370A1
Автор: Andreas Fritsch, Sabine Fischer, Torsten Handler
Принадлежит: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH

A method for monitoring a gas sensor ( 14 ) which comprises two electrochemical measuring cells ( 20, 30 ) and which is arranged in an exhaust tract ( 10 ) of an internal combustion engine ( 11 ), wherein the sensor elements ( 20, 30 ) exhibit a substantially identical sensitivity towards a first gas component and a different sensitivity towards a second gas component and are insensitive towards further gas components. In an operating state in which an exhaust gas stream at the gas sensor ( 14 ) contains less of the second gas component than of the first gas component a concentration of the first gas component is calculated from each of the sensor signals from the sensor elements ( 20, 30 ) and a defect in a sensor element ( 20, 30 ) is deduced from the concentrations of the first gas component.

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Номер записи: 100