VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR KALIBRIERUNG EINES LASERWELLENLÄNGENKONTROLLMECHANISMUS

Radiation source radiation characteristic measurement

The radiation characteristic measurement uses an optical fiber radiometer with a bundle of optical fibers (2) supplying the emitted radiation to a photodetector. The input ends of the fibers are positioned at a constant radial distance from the source (6), the fibers combined with at least 3 reference optical fibers (12), used for position calibration of the sensitive surface of the photodetector. An Independent claim for a radiation characteristic measuring device is also included.

KORRELATIONS-GASANALYSATOR

Dreidimensionaler automatischer Gonio-Spektrophotometer

Wellenlängemessvorrichtung für frequenzgewobbelten Laser

Spektrophotometer und elektro-optisches Modul, insbesondere zur Verwendung darin geeignet

Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Spektralradiometers

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kalibrierung eines Spektralradiometers (1), mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten: Aufnahme von Lichtmessdaten durch Vermessung der Strahlung wenigstens einer Normallichtquelle (4) mittels des zu kalibrierenden Spektralradiometers (1), Ableitung von Kalibrierdaten aus den Lichtmessdaten durch Vergleich der aufgenommenen Lichtmessdaten mit bekannten Daten der Normallichtquelle (4), und Kalibrierung des Spektralradiometers (1) gemäß den Kalibrierdaten. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein zuverlässiges und praktikables Verfahren zur Kalibrierung des Spektralradiometers (1) bereitzustellen. Insbesondere soll auf einfache und zuverlässige Weise ein Gleichlauf von an verschiedenen Standorten (9, 10, 11) befindlichen Spektralradiometern (1) hergestellt werden. Hierzu schlägt die Erfindung vor, dass die Gültigkeit, d.h. die Verwendbarkeit der Normallichtquelle für die Kalibrierung überprüft wird, indem die Lichtmessdaten der Normallichtquelle (4) mit Lichtmessdaten ...

OPTICAL ANALYZER FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

... 1432634 Photo-electric apparatus NEOTEC CORP 16 Aug 1973 [24 Aug 1972] 38760/73 Heading G1A In photo-electric apparatus particularly adapted for spectrometric measurements, a filter assembly of paddlewheel configuration is used. The apparatus of Fig. 1, suitable for determination of moisture, oil and protein of grain by reflection optical density measurement, comprises a sample tray 16 by which a sample 20 or reference 18 may be located in the light path. As shown a broad-band infrared source 12 illuminates the sample via filter wheel 34, but for other measurements a light source may be used. The filter wheel 34 has opaque vanes 42 mounted at right angles to each filter and this leads to a transmission characteristic shown in Fig. 4 which has dark portions between the contributions by each filter which exhibit a change in wavelength transmitted as the angle of each filter changes with respect to the beam. The rotation of the filter wheel is sensed at 48 to produce a pulsed signal which ...

Multiple filter based detector array

A detector array, for example a thermal detector array, comprises a plurality of individual detector elements, in front of some of which provided is provided a respective layer of sample material. The sample material layers may be of different thicknesses and/or materials, such that they have differing transmission or absorption properties with respect to radiation incident on the array. By providing different elements with appropriate sample material layers, the array may be used as part of a simple spectrophotometer or correlation spectrometer.

Plastics identification

Spectrophotometer

A spectrophotometer wherein in order to set the instrument to a designated wavelength, the monochromator is first set to the designated wavelength position intended to be as such on the monochromator, and the entrance and exit slits of the monochromator are widened so as to measure a beam of light having a spectrum with an emission line at the designated wavelength, and the sensitivity of the light measuring circuit is so adjusted that the output therefrom is kept at a predetermined constant level, and then the slits are narrowed, whereupon wavelength scanning is conducted over a range of wavelengths including the designated wavelength so as to detect a peak in the emission line spectrum, and then the dispersing element is set to the detected peak position. A microcomputer controls the above operation in a sequential manner.

Substrate measurement by infrared spectroscopy

SPECTRAL DRIFT AND CORRECTION PROCEDURE FOR HYPER+SPECTRAL IMAGING SYSTEMS

PROCEDURE AND USE OF A DEVICE FOR THE ACTIVE SUBSTANCE SEARCH

FOR AN AIRPLANE PLANNING ILLUSTRATION MULTIPLE REEL SPECTROMETER.

SPECTROMETER.

TWO-RADIATION SPECTROMETER.

TREATMENT OF TRANSITION METALS CONTAINING ONE PIGMENTS OF MEANS OF CHELIERENDER OR SILYLIERENDER CONNECTIONS

PROCEDURE FOR THE COLLECTION OF FLUORESCENT MOLECULES OR OTHER PARTICLES OF MEANS PRODUCING FUNCTIONS

MORE OXIMETER WITH SOURCE OF LIGHT AND INFORMATIONSELEMENT

EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR THE RAM ON SPECTROMETRY

Regression calibrated spectroscopic rotating compensator ellipsometer system with photo array detector

Film measurement system with improved calibration

Skin barrier preparation and method therefor

A method of selecting a skin barrier system suitable for infants and young children is disclosed.

Calibration medium for uv absorbance detectors

Method for calculating dye formulations of pigmented effect dyeing tones

Manual and automatic probe calibration

Manual and automatic probe calibration

A controlled interference spectrometer

SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Color sensor

AN IMAGING SYSTEM

An imaging system is provided where radiation from object space (2) is incident on an array of detector elements (8) via an interferometer (3), the interferometer (3) being scanned such that the output of each pixel comprises an interferogram B generated from the radiation received from a corresponding region of object space (2), enabling image data to be generated in dependence on the output of the pixels, which image data is derived from the spectral radiance associated with each pixel.

SPECTROMETERS

Improvements relating to spectrometers A method and apparatus for analysing the spectrum of light reflected by a reflecting structure (24) in which the effect upon the analysis results of variation in the angle between the reflecting structure and the incident beam (22) is minimised. The method and apparatus may utilise a dispersive element (26) constructed and arranged so as to minimise the effect of the variations. The method and apparatus may also utilise a calibration technique in which light with a known spectrum is reflected off the reflecting structure and analysed so that compensation may be made for the effect of the variation.

METHOD OF MEASURING MULTICOMPONENT CONSTITUENCY OF GAS EMISSION FLOW

A method is disclosed of making an on-line gas analysis of a multicomponent gas emission flow by (a) continuously sequestering a sample flow from the gas emission flow, which sample flow has been filtered to substantially eliminate solid or liquid particles, diluted to lower its dew point to below room temperature, and changed in either temperature and/or pressure to be substantially the same in temperature and pressure as that of gases used to create reference transmission frequency spectral data deployed in step (d); (b) continuously irradiating the sample flow with an electromagnetic radiation beam while modulating the amplitude of infrared frequencies in the audio frequency range of the beam, either prior to or immediately subsequent to irradiation of the sample flow, to produce electromagnetic signals having discernible amplitude variations resulting from spectral interference patterns; (c) detecting and collecting the signals at a sufficiently high rate to substantially completely ...

OPTICAL INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING CONCENTRATIONS OF POLLUTING GASES ON LONG AND SHORT GEOMETRICAL PATHS

An optical instrument for measuring concentrations of polluting gases on long and short geometrical paths is characterized in that it comprises: a spectrometer and a telescope adapted to focalize a light beam, coming from a source located at a predetermined distance, into the slit of the spectrometer; at least a cell, containing a known concentration of the polluting gas under examination. It further comprises first control means to bring the source along the path of the light beam between the telescope and the slit. The spectrometer is adapted to disperse and focalize the light beam in its own outlet focal plane. There is provided with slits and means to move a mask which is located on the outlet focal plane of the spectrometer. The mask together with the moving means are suitable to effect the sampling of the dispersed light beam in at least four series of wave length ranges. A photodetector gives at its outlet electrical signals when receiving at its inlet light signals caused by the ...

SKIN BARRIER PREPARATION AND METHOD THEREFOR

A method of selecting a skin barrier system suitable for infants and young children is disclosed.

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CALIBRATING MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

A method and apparatus is provided for implementing a parametric down-conversion (PDC)-based calibration comprising calibrating a measuring instrument; disposing a pinhole at a position of a light-emitting sample for which the measuring instrument needs to be calibrated; irradiating a nonlinear crystal with a light source; setting the nonlinear crystal by ensuring a phase-matching wavelength of the nonlinear crystal is set at one boundary of a desired bandwidth; acquiring one or more PDC spectrums by the measuring instrument; obtaining peak values and their corresponding wavelengths from each acquired spectrum; and obtaining a response function based on the peak values and corresponding wavelengths.

STANDARDIZING AND CALIBRATING A SPECTROMETRIC INSTRUMENT

ID-4045 A spectrometric instrument which exhibits an intrinsic profile for a sharp spectral line produces profile data for narrow spectral lines. The spectral lines are effected with a high finesse etalon of gold coated polymer. A transformation filter is computed for transforming the profile data to a gaussian profile. A wavelength calibration is combined with the filter to effect a correction matrix which is applied to sample data to generate calibrated standardized data. Iteratively a correction matrix is applied to calibration data to generate standardized calibration data which is utilized for the wavelength calibration. Calibration is effected with an optical standard, an interference etalon and a fringe formula. Etalon effective thickness is first estimated and then precisely determined so that fringe peaks calibrate wavelength.

SCANNING COLORIMETER

A colorimeter for reading color bars (403, 404) of printed sheets (401) or the like includes a longitudinally extending base (400) including a paper stop (442) along which a sheet to be tested for color may be positioned. An autonomously operating colorimeter head (410) is moved along the base in a direction parallel to the edge of the sheet by means of an electric motor (600) mounted on the base and driving an helical thread lead screw (418) engaging an X-axis carriage supporting the head. The head is moved by operation of the lead screw in a direction parallel to the edge of the sheet, referred to as the direction of the X-axis. The head includes an electric motor and a Y-axis transport supporting an optics unit (510). The optics unit is moved within the head in a direction parallel to a Y-axis, extending perpendicularly to the X-axis.

ABSOLUTE OPTICAL FREQUENCY CALIBRATOR FOR A VARIABLE FREQUENCY OPTICAL SOURCE

Arrangements are disclosed for the automatic absolute frequency calibration of a variable frequency optical source using an optical filter, such as gas cell or a calibrated interferometer, providing resonances at known frequencies in the tuning range of the source. The above calibration is performed by a control unit which has a knowledge of the known transmission pattern of the optical filter. This unit scans the frequency of the optical source via a frequency control signal over a frequency range and measures the optical intensity of the optical source output light after it has passed through the optical filter. The measured transmission and frequency control signal values are processed and stored in memory and constitute a measured absorption pattern. Once acquired for a frequency range, this pattern is compared to the theoretical transmission pattern of the optical filter. Correspondences are made to identify the transmission features against their known counterparts. A relationship ...

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING GAS CONCENTRATIONS AND ISOTOPE RATIOS IN GASES

This invention provides a method of determining a trace gas concentration in a gas sample utilising Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy, said method comprising the following steps (i) to (iii) of: (i) synthetically calibrating a spectrometer by the steps of: (a) calculating a theoretical spectral response function for a series of candidate chemical substances; (b) convolving said theoretical spectral response function with a spectrometer instrument response function corresponding to said spectrometer device so as to produce an expected response function for said series of candidate chemical substances; and (c) utilising said expected response function as the calibration of said spectrometer device in the subsequent measurement of chemical substances; (ii) determining a spectral window within which to fit a calculated spectral trace to an experimental spectral trace by the steps of: (a) choosing a series of candidate windows; (b) determining the likely error measure associated with ...

BIOLOGICAL FLUID ANALYSIS USING DISTANCE OUTLIER DETECTION

A method and apparatus for measuring the concentration of an analyte present in a biological fluid is disclosed. The method includes the steps of applying NIR radiation to calibration samples to produce calibration data, analyzing calibration data to identify and remove outliers, constructing a calibration model collecting and analyzing unknown samples to identify and remove outliers, and predicting analyte concentration of non-outliers from the calibration model. Analysis of calibration data includes data pretreatment, data decomposition to remove redundant data, and identification and removal of outliers using generalized distances. The apparatus (100) includes a pump (102) which circulates a sample through tubing (104) to fill a flowcell (106). Lig ht from a NIR source (114) is synchronized with a detector (110), facilitating light and dark measurements, and passes through a monochrometer (120) and the flowcell (106) and strikes the detector (110), whereby radiation transmitted through ...

COLOR SENSOR

A sensor (10) for measuring reflective, transmissive, or self-luminous samples, comprises a plurality of light sources (18), where each of the ligh t sources emit light of a substantially different wavelength band spaced in th e visible spectrum; a reference channel photodetector (20); a sample channel photodectector (22); an optical cap (26) adapted to direct a first portion o f the light emitted by each of the light sources to the reference channel photodetector (20); a reflector cone for directing a second portion of the light emitted by each of the light sources to the sample; and a receptor pie ce (36) for directing the diffuse portion of the light reflected from the sampl e to the sample channel photodetector (22). The sensor (10) is preferably incorporated into a hand-held "mouse" device, which includes an area on its top surface for seating an index finger of the human hand.

CALIBRATION SYSTEM FOR SPECTROGRAPHIC ANALYZING INSTRUMENTS

In a system for analyzing materials by near infrared analysis, a library of absorbance spectra from sample material is stored in computer storage (21). The absorbance spectra of an unknown material is measured and is correlated with the library spectra to select those library spectra which most closely match the spectrum of the unknown material. The selected library spectra are used to determine, by least square convergence, or by multiple regression, coefficients in the equations relating measurable properties of the unknown material to absorbance measurements made on the unknown material.

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Spektralanalyse von Licht

Appareil destiné à l'analyse de radiations incidentes

Spectromètre

Procedure for the recording of impulse signals.

Optical system for simultaneous detecting calibration system and test signal in optical spectrum analyser

一种光学系统，通过光隔离的光路将光信号耦合到分立的光检测器上，以对光谱分析仪中的校准信号和测试信号一起进行检测。成对的光纤对称设在光轴任一边，供与一边的输入光纤和另一边的输出光纤准直的光学元件之用。输入光纤分别接收校准信号和测试信号，输出光纤与各检测器连接。光校准源产生处在光学系统第一级光谱范围内的第二级或以上的谱线。衍射光栅将测试信号的第一级光谱分量传送给一个检测器，将校准信号的第二级或以上的谱线从准直光学元件传送给另一检测器。对来自检测器的电信号数字化并进行处理，获得校正误差，以用于校正由光谱分析仪显示的测试信号。

CAPTEUR SENSIBLE A LA COULEUR

LE CAPTEUR SENSIBLE A LA COULEUR EST CONSTITUE PAR UN ELEMENT D'ECLAIRAGE 12 AVEC REFLECTEUR, FIXE A UN BLOC 1 SENSIBLE A LA LUMIERE QUI COMPREND UN ELEMENT SEPARATEUR DE SPECTRES 3 ET, RELIES A LUI OPTIQUEMENT, UN PHOTORECEPTEUR 5 POUR LA PARTIE VISIBLE DU SPECTRE ET UN PHOTORECEPTEUR 4 POUR LA PARTIE INFRAROUGE PROCHE DU SPECTRE DU SIGNAL LUMINEUX REFLECHI PAR LES OBJETS DANS LA ZONE D'IDENTIFICATION, DONT LES SORTIES SONT RELIEES PAR DES AMPLIFICATEURS CORRESPONDANTS LINEAIRES 7, 8 AUX ENTREES D'UN BLOC DE COMPARAISON 11. LA CONNEXION DE L'AMPLIFICATEUR LINEAIRE 8 DANS LE CANAL DE LA PARTIE VISIBLE DU SPECTRE, A L'ENTREE CORRESPONDANTE DU BLOC DE COMPARAISON 11 EST REALISEE PAR UN SOMMATEUR 9 DONT LA SECONDE ENTREE EST RELIEE A UNE SOURCE DE TENSION CONSTANTE 10. LA SORTIE DU BLOC DE COMPARAISON 11 CONSTITUE LA SORTIE DU CAPTEUR SENSIBLE A LA COULEUR. CE CAPTEUR EST UTILISE LORS DE L'IDENTIFICATION DE PLANTES DANS L'AGRICULTURE.

DEVICE OF SPECTROMETRY FOR the ANALYSIS Of a FLUID

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE COLOR, ESPECIALLY A DENTAL PROSTHESIS

SPECTROPHOTOMETRE DESTINE A DES FINS MEDICALES

Spectrophotomètre comprenant un dispositif d'éclairement, un monochromateur, au moins un trajet de rayon de mesure et un dispositif photométrique avec visualisation. Le trajet du rayon de mesure de la surface de l'objet 0 et le trajet du rayon réfléchi par l'objet 0 sont définis par un conducteur de lumière 1 commun dont une partie 11 transmet la lumière du dispositif d'éclairement 2 à l'objet 0 et dont l'autre partie 12 envoie la lumière réfléchie au monochromateur 3 dont le spectre est complètement reproduit sur une rangée de cellules photoélectriques 4 dont le signal est exploré périodiquement par une horloge 5 et visualisé sur un oscillographe 6. Application : diagnostic en médecine (mesure de coloration de la peau).

MINIATURE SPECTROMETER EMBARKS IN A MOTOR VEHICLE HAS DETECTING OF MEASUREMENT AND DETECTOR OF REFERS SINGLE

SPECTROPHOTOMETER UTILIZING MEMORY STORAGE CALIBRATION TECHNIQUES

Analyzing an effluent by absorption spectrophotometry using UV or visible light

La présente invention est relative à un procédé de contrôle de qualité d'effluents et à un dispositif permettant sa mise en oeuvre; le domaine technique de l'invention est celui de la fabrication d'appareils d'analyse d'effluents liquides rejetés par des sites industriels; le procédé d'analyse d'un effluent liquide par spectrophotométrie d'absorption ultraviolet (U. V. ) comporte les opérations suivantes : a) on choisit un petit nombre de spectres connus d'absorption UV, parmi une pluralité de spectres contenus dans une bibliothèque, pour former une base de spectres connus; b) on détermine par déconvolution la contribution des spectres de la base dans la formation d'un spectre d'absorption UV mesuré pour un échantillon dudit effluent, et on détermine par soustraction un spectre d'écart, et lorsqu'une valeur du spectre d'écart dépasse un seuil prédéterminé : soit, on modifie la base et on exécute un nouveau calcul de déconvolution (étape b) ci dessus), soit on enregistre le spectre mesuré ...

ACOUSTO?OPTIC LIGHT SPECTRUM ANALYSIS

DEVICE OF SPECTROMETRY FOR the ANALYSIS Of a FLUID

L'invention concerne un dispositif de spectrométrie comprenant : un dispositif d'éclairage configuré pour générer un faisceau lumineux couvrant une bande de longueurs d'ondes, une sonde (PRB) configurée pour que le faisceau lumineux issu du dispositif d'éclairage interagisse avec un fluide à analyser (20), et un dispositif d'analyse spectrale configuré pour recevoir le faisceau lumineux après avoir interagi avec le fluide à analyser, et pour fournir des mesures d'intensité lumineuse pour différentes plages de longueurs d'onde, la sonde (PRB) comprenant un réflecteur (13) de type rétro réfléchissant vers la source de lumière, disposé de manière à recevoir le faisceau lumineux issu du dispositif d'éclairage au travers du fluide à analyser et à le réfléchir sensiblement dans une direction opposée en l'élargissant légèrement vers un guide de lumière de recueil (12) associé au réflecteur et au dispositif d'analyse spectrale de manière à recueillir au moins partiellement le faisceau lumineux ...

MEASURING ATTENUATOR FOR AN OPTICAL NULL SPECTROPHOTOMETER

분광 휘도계의 교정에 사용하는 기준 광원 장치 및 그것을 사용하는 교정 방법

... 휘도 기준면에 있어서의 휘도 불균일을 저감시킨다. 개구인 휘도 기준면 (18) 을 구비하는 적분구 (12) 와, 상기 적분구 (12) 의 외벽 (12b) 에 서로 이간되어 형성되고, 상기 적분구 (12) 의 내부에 파장 특성이 동등한 광을 각각 입사하는 복수의 제 1 광 포트 (14a), (14b) 를 포함하는 분광 휘도계 (40) 의 교정에 사용하는 기준 광원 장치 (10) 가 제공된다. 상기 복수의 제 1 광 포트 (14a), (14b) 는, 상기 적분구 (12) 의 외벽 (12b) 에 있어서의, 상기 휘도 기준면 (18) 의 중심으로부터의 거리가 동등하고, 상기 휘도 기준면 (18) 의 중심을 통과하는 상기 적분구 (12) 의 회전 대칭축 (R) 에 대해 회전 대칭성을 갖는 복수 위치에 형성되어도 된다.

CARBON NANOTUBE NANOMETROLOGY, PURIFICATION, AND SEPARATION

The present invention provides systems and methods for quantifying, purifying and separating fullerenes, such as single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The purification/separation combination provides nearly 100% carbonaceous impurity-free SWNT content from a given impure sample and provides a desired chirality and diameter from a given non-separated sample. Nanometrological validation of the success of purification and separation uses a pyroelectric detector and Raman spectroscopy in a single system, thus providing a critical aspect for the nanomanufacturing environment. The purification/separation and nanometrological validations may be performed in a feedback loop to provide a satisfactorily refined sample and optimized purification/separation settings.

HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING CALIBRATION DEVICE

Hyperspectral imaging calibration devices and methods for their use are described that generate images of three dimensional samples. A calibration device may assume the shape of a desired imaging sample such as a body part and may be sterile prior to placement. The calibration device may include openings or may be modified to expose a region of the sample during use. Spectral images, typically obtained at multiple wavelengths, are made of the calibration device. Algorithms are provided that utilize the spectral images of the calibration device to determine the effects of lighting conditions and sample shape on the sample image to form a calibrated image. Calibrated images produced by these devices and methods can provide information, including clinical data that are less sensitive to lighting and sample shape compared to alternative technologies.

METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CORRECTING SPECTRAL COLOR MEASUREMENTS

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for correcting spectral measurements, such as are obtained by a spectrophotometer for measuring color. A single matrix is used that operates on a raw measurement vector (spectrum) to obtain a corrected spectrum. The matrix may embody a transform that minimizes the difference between the corrected spectra and a set of reference spectra. The difference may be characterized by a set of basis function weighting vectors which are then used to build the correction matrix. Correction of high resolution spectra (very long measurement vectors) is thereby allowed, without the large number of measurements that would normally be required. The reference spectra can be calibration data, or measurements made by another instrument which is desired to be stimulated.

METHOD FOR CALCULATING DYE FORMULATIONS OF PIGMENTED EFFECT DYEING TONES

The invention relates to a method for calculating the dye formulations of pigmented effect dyeing tones, wherein i) a calibration table is drawn up for each pigment forming part of a colorant system and the pertaining reflection factors are determined experimentally; ii) the optical material parameters are determined from the measured reflection factors for each pigment forming part of a colorant system using a radiation transport model to describe the diffusion of light in particular media; iii) pseudo-pigment are formed from all of the wafer-like effect pigments forming part of a colorant system and from a fixed amount of one or several coloristically inert and topologically influenceable filling materials enabling the optical material parameters to be determined by means of said calibration table; iv) the reflection spectra of a post-adjustable effect dyeing tone is computationally simulated upon availability of formulation components or pigments and/or pertaining pseudo-pigments forming ...

HYBRID LEAST SQUARES MULTIVARIATE SPECTRAL ANALYSIS METHODS

La présente invention concerne une technique de prédiction spectrographique multidimensionnelle hybride combinant l'interprétation qualitative, la capacité d'addition de forme spectrale de l'étalonnage multidimensionnel par la méthode des moindres carrés classique et des techniques de prédiction avec des méthodes d'analyse factorielle de régression partielle par la méthode des moindres carrés ou par la méthode en composante principale. La technique est utilisée afin d'estimer la quantité d'au moins un constituant ou d'une propriété connus dans un échantillon au moyen à la fois d'un modèle d'étalonnage par la méthode des moindres carrés classique et d'un algorithme inverse tel que, par exemple, une régression partielle par la méthode des moindre carrés ou par la méthode en composantes principales.

Analyzing spectrometric data

A spectrometric instrument includes a detector with detecting subarrays on small portions of the surface. Spectral data are acquired for selected subarrays at a first time for a drift standard, and compared to a zero position to obtain first offset data. Data are acquired similarly at a second time to obtain second offset data. The offset data are utilized to obtain a spectral shift for any subarray position at any selected time. The shift is applied to a matrix model used for converting test data to compositional information. Archive data for the model is obtained in the foregoing manner, using slit scanning in the instrument to achieve sub-increments smaller than the detector pixel size, with a procedure to assure that there is an integral number of scanning steps across one pixel. The drift standard may be chemical analytes, or an optical interference element producing fringes related to spectral positions in each subarray. A procedure is used to identify the fringe peaks to spectral ...

Grating ozone spectrophotometer

A holographic grating spectrophotometer for detecting ozone and sulphur dioxide in the atmosphere is described which provides automatic calibration and which provides automatic linearity correction for the photomultiplier tube. Automatic calibration is provided by using a computer to control a stepper motor to move the grating so that the photomultiplier tube receives maximum intensity at the calibration wavelength of 302.1 nm from a mercury source. Automatic linearity correction is obtained by cycling a wavelength selection mask across exit slits located in the focal plane of the device and firstly combines separately taken counts of two different wavelengths and comparing this sum with the sum of counts of these wavelengths taken simultaneously. The difference is used to calculate photomultiplier tube deadtime and improve accuracy of the results. In a preferred embodiment five wavelengths are used to calculate ozone and sulphur dioxide levels, and a stepper motor driving a cylindrical ...

Methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture for performing spectral calibration

A system performs two types of spectral calibration. For the first type, the system collects data from monitoring an analytical separation of several spectrally-distinguishable molecular species and creates a data matrix from the collected data. Each element in the data matrix represents a signal intensity at a particular time and over a particular range of light wavelengths. The system then identifies regions in the data matrix that have spectral response characteristics of at least one of the molecular species, determines a set of pure component spectral responses from the identified regions, groups similar pure component spectral responses into clusters, determines a representative spectral response for each cluster, and correlates the representative spectral response for each cluster with one of the molecular species. For the second type of calibration, the system collects data from monitoring an analytical separation of multiple spectrally-distinguishable molecular species and creates ...

Wavelength referencing by monitoring a voltage across a laser diode

A lasing wavelength of a laser diode is determined by applying a forward current to the p-n junction of the laser diode and measuring a voltage across the p-n junction. The lasing wavelength can be determined by performing a simple wavelength calibration of the laser diode. This allows one to stabilize the lasing wavelength, and also to use the laser diode as a reference wavelength source.

Method & apparatus for monitoring plasma processing operations

The invention generally relates to various aspects of a plasma process, and more specifically the monitoring of such plasma processes. One aspect relates in at least some manner to calibrating or initializing a plasma monitoring assembly. Another aspect relates in at least some manner to various types of evaluations which may be undertaken of a plasma process which was run, and more typically one which is currently being run, within the processing chamber. Yet another aspect associated with the present invention relates in at least some manner to the endpoint of a plasma process (e.g., plasma recipe, plasma clean, conditioning wafer operation) or discrete/discernible portion thereof (e.g., a plasma step of a multiple step plasma recipe). A final aspect associated with the present invention relates to how one or more of the above-noted aspects may be implemented into a semiconductor fabrication facility, such as the distribution of wafers to a wafer production system.

Appearance inspection apparatus and method of image capturing using the same

The present invention is an appearance inspection apparatus and method utilizing multiple light sources in a lighting unit 30 to alternately irradiate, line by line, side light from a side light source and slit light from a slit light source onto board 1 to be inspected. A correction value memory unit stores digital correction values required for correcting shadings for the side light source and the slit light source and an analysis unit utilizes these digital correction values to correct shadings on the image data. A highly accurate image is thus obtained.

OPTICAL MEASUREMENT ARRANGEMENT

METHOD FOR REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS BY DECORRELATION STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND HARDWARE THEREFOR

СПЕКТРОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ АНАЛИЗА ТЕКУЧЕЙ СРЕДЫ

Изобретение относится к спектрометрии. Устройство содержит: осветительное устройство, выполненное с возможностью генерирования светового пучка в одном диапазоне длин волн, зонд (PRB), выполненный таким образом, чтобы световой пучок, исходящий из осветительного устройства, взаимодействовал с анализируемой текучей средой (20), и устройство спектрального анализа, выполненное с возможностью приема светового пучка после его взаимодействия с анализируемой текучей средой и выдачи измерений силы света для разных диапазонов длин волн. При этом зонд (PRB) содержит отражатель (13) типа ретроотражателя, отражающий в направлении источника света, расположенный таким образом, чтобы принимать световой пучок, проходящий от осветительного устройства через анализируемую текучую среду, и отражать его по существу в противоположном направлении, слегка его расширяя, к приемному световоду (12), связанному с отражателем и с устройством спектрального анализа таким образом, чтобы принимать световой пучок, прошедший ...

СПЕКТРОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ АНАЛИЗА ТЕКУЧЕЙ СРЕДЫ

... 1. Спектрометрическое устройство, содержащее: ! осветительное устройство, выполненное с возможностью генерирования светового пучка в одном диапазоне длин волн, !зонд, выполненный таким образом, чтобы световой пучок, исходящий из осветительного устройства, взаимодействовал с анализируемой текучей средой, и ! устройство спектрального анализа, выполненное с возможностью приема светового пучка после его взаимодействия с анализируемой текучей средой и выдачи измерений силы света для разных областей длин волн, !при этом зонд содержит отражатель типа ретроотражателя, отражающий в направлении источника света, расположенный таким образом, чтобы принимать световой пучок, проходящий от осветительного устройства через анализируемую текучую среду, и отражать его по существу в противоположном направлении, слегка его расширяя, к приемному световоду, связанному с отражателем и с устройством спектрального анализа таким образом, чтобы, по меньшей мере, частично принимать световой пучок, прошедший через анализируемую ...

Способ и устройство для измерения концентрации загрязняющих газов

ANORDNUNG ZUR KORRELATIVEN SPEKTROSKOPIE

FERNMESS-SPEKTROPHOTOMETER

VORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR SPEKTRALEN ABBILDUNG

SPEKTROKOLORIMETRISCHE VORRICHTUNG MIT OPTISCHEN FASERN.

Method for Calibrating and Compensated Optical Null Spectrophotometer

... 1, 169, 835. Spectrophotometer calibration. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. June 6, 1968 [June 30, 1967], No.26886/68. Heading G1A. In a double beam optical null spectrophotometer in which a variable attenuator 23 is positioned in one path by a servomotor 22 responsive to a path difference signal and wherein the signal from a potentiometer 26 the slider 25 of which is movable with the attenuator is recorded at 27 as a function of wavelength a selector switch 28, trimming resistors 32 and calibration marks 34 on the attenuator are provided for calibration purposes so that the recorded output from the potentiometer is based on the inserted attenuation and not merely on the attenuator position. The paths are sequentually used by beams split by a rotating mirror 13 and recombined by a rotating mirror 14 a monochromator 15 dispersing the beam and directing a moving narrow bandwidth on to the detector 16. Potentiometer 51 and switch 55 provide for the alternative measurement of absorbance. The calibration ...

Spectrometer fault detection using optical reference source

A spectrometer for receiving a multiwavelength beam of radiation to be analysed has a photodetector 6 comprising an array of detection elements producing electrical output signals representative of radiation detected by detection elements, and a splitter 4 splitting the beam into components of different wavelengths and directing the components onto the detection elements. To increase the reliability of measurement readings, the spectrometer additionally includes an optical reference source A, B or C for illuminating the detection elements with reference radiation, and a monitoring arrangement indicating an error condition in dependence on (i) first electrical output signals from the array in response to detection of the components of different wavelengths in the absence of illuminating reference radiation, and (ii) second electrical output signals from the array in response to detection of the components of different wavelengths together with illuminating reference radiation. The inclusion ...

SPECTROPHOTOMETER

... 1506366 Spectrophotometers INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP 10 Aug 1976 [1 Oct 1975] 33281/76 Heading G1A A spectrophotometer comprises a broad-band light source 12 (of ultraviolet and visible wavelengths), a fibre-optic light pipe system defining sample and reference paths and a rotating disc 14 comprising four peripheral sectors consisting of the sequence: an opaque sector; an elongated arcuate aperture 20; an opaque sector; a wedge interference filter 21, arranged to pass light of continuously increasing wavelength as the disc rotates. The flattened and elongated pairs of ends of the light pipes are arranged so that the detector 16 receives light in the following sequence: firstly, light reflected from the sample as a result of illumination thereof via the filter i.e. varying monochromatic illumination; secondly, varying monchromatic light along the reference path; thirdly, light reflected from the sample after polychromatic illumination via aperture 20, but which is then spectrally ...

Colour measuring device

SPECTROPHOTOMETER

An imaging system

FLUORESCENCE INTENSITY ANALYSIS USING A MULTIPLICITY OF DISTRIBUTIONS: COMPETITIVE REGULATION OF DIFFUSION TIMES AND MOLECULAR BRIGHTNESS

CONFOCAL SPECTROSCOPY SYSTEM AND - PROCEDURES

MEASUREMENT OF WAVELENGTH CHANGES

Verfahren zur Kompensation in einem Messsystem

Die Erfindung offenbart ein Verfahren zur Kompensation unterschiedlicher Sensitivitäten bei verschiedenen Wellenlängen bei einem spektrometrischen Messsystem (10), umfassend die Schritte: Kalibrierung des Messystems (10) in einem Wellenlängenbereich bezüglich eines oder mehreren bekannten Referenzstandards; Erstellen eines wellenlängenabhängigen Kompensationsalgorithmus zur Linearisierung; und Justierung des Messsystems (10) mit dem Kompensationsalgorithmus. Die Erfindung offenbart weiter ein entsprechendes Messsystem (10).

PROCEDURE FOR THE CHARACTERISATION OF SPECTROMETERS

Spectrophotometer

In a spectrophotometer of the single-beam type, highly stable transmission and absorption spectra can be obtained with a high SNR while drifting is suppressed and for a long time even when the amount of light from the light source is varied over time. The spectrophotometer includes: a light source; a sample cell; a polychromator that generates a transmission spectrum of a sample in the sample cell by dispersing a portion of light from the light source that has passed through the sample into a plurality of spectral components; an image sensor that detects the transmission spectrum of the sample; a light source monitoring photodetector that detects a portion of the light from the light source that has not passed through the sample cell; and an operation unit that corrects the transmission spectrum of the sample by using an output signal from the light source monitoring photodetector.

Analyte system and method for determining hemoglobin parameters in whole blood

A light-emitting module for use in a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters. The light-emitting module includes an LED light source capable of emitting light wherein the light is directed thereby defining an optical path and a plurality of optical components. The plurality of optical components includes a collimating lens, a first optical diffuser, a circular polarizer, and a focusing lens wherein the plurality of optical components is disposed within the optical path of the light from the LED light source 1. A light-emitting module for use in a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters , the light-emitting module comprising:an LED light source capable of emitting light wherein the light is directed thereby defining an optical path; and a collimating lens;', 'a first optical diffuser;', 'a circular polarizer; and', 'a focusing lens wherein the plurality of optical components is disposed within the optical path of the light from the LED light source., 'a plurality of optical components comprising2. The light-emitting module of further comprising a protective window disposed downstream of the plurality of optical components.3. The light-emitting module of further includes a light-emitting module substrate that contains an electrical circuit and a light-emitting optics assembly.4. The light-emitting module of wherein the light-emitting optics assembly has an optics assembly housing with an optics assembly end wherein the optics assembly housing supports the plurality of optical components.5. The light-emitting module of wherein the circular polarizer is downstream from the first optical diffuser.6. The light-emitting module of wherein the focusing lens is downstream from the circular polarizer. The present invention relates generally to spectroscopic systems and methods for the identification and characterization of hemoglobin parameters in blood.An ultraviolet-visible ...

Analyte system and method for determining hemoglobin parameters in whole blood

A calibrating-light module for use in a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters. The calibrating-light module includes a calibrating module housing, a light beam receiving portion connected to a first end of the calibrating module housing, a calibrating light portion connected to a side of the calibrating module housing wherein the side is transverse to the first end, and an optic fiber portion connected to a second end of the calibrating module housing wherein the calibrating module housing, the light beam receiving portion and the optic fiber portion are aligned with an optical path and the calibrating light portion is spaced from and transverse to the optical path. 1. A calibrating-light module for use in a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters , the calibrating-light module comprising:a calibrating module housing;a light beam receiving portion connected to a first end of the calibrating module housing;a calibrating light portion connected to a side of the calibrating module housing wherein the side is transverse to the first end; andan optic fiber portion connected to a second end of the calibrating module housing wherein the calibrating module housing, the light beam receiving portion and the optic fiber portion are aligned with an optical path and the calibrating light portion is spaced from and transverse to the optical path.2. The calibrating-light module of wherein the calibrating module housing includes a first tubular conduit extending from the first end to the second end.3. The calibrating-light module of wherein the first end has a light beam input opening and the second end has a light beam exit opening.4. The calibrating-light module of wherein the calibrating module housing has a second tubular conduit that is transverse to and intersects with the first tubular conduit.5. The calibrating-light module of wherein the calibrating light portion has a ...

Analyte system and method for determining hemoglobin parameters in whole blood

An optical component group for use in a spectrometer module of a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters. The optical component group includes a light dispersing element and an achromatic lens assembly disposed between the light dispersing element and a light entrance port of the spectrometer module where the achromatic lens assembly is thermo-compensating permitting thermal expansion and contraction of the achromatic lens assembly in a linear direction where the linear directions is also transverse to a light beam from the light entrance port through the achromatic lens assembly and to the light dispersing element and back through the achromatic lens assembly. 1. An optical component group for use in a spectrometer module of a system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters , the optical component group comprising:a light dispersing element; andan achromatic lens assembly disposed between the light dispersing element and a light entrance port of the spectrometer module and wherein the achromatic lens assembly is thermo-compensating permitting thermal expansion and contraction of the achromatic lens assembly in a linear direction wherein the linear directions is also transverse to a light beam from the light entrance port through the achromatic lens assembly and to the light dispersing element and back through the achromatic lens assembly.2. The group of wherein the achromatic lens assembly includes a lens mount having a fixed mount end fixedly connected to one of a spectrometer base or a baseplate and an unfixed mount end that permits thermal expansion and contraction of the lens mount in a linear direction toward or away from the fixed mount end.3. The group of wherein the achromatic lens assembly includes an achromatic lens fixedly attached to the lens mount.4. The group of wherein the achromatic lens is a spherical achromatic lens.5. The group of wherein the unfixed ...

TRANSFER OF A CALIBRATION MODEL USING A SPARSE TRANSFER SET

A device may obtain a master calibration set, associated with a master calibration model of a master instrument, that includes spectra, associated with a set of samples, generated by the master instrument. The device may identify a selected set of master calibrants based on the master calibration set. The device may obtain a selected set of target calibrants that includes spectra, associated with the subset of the set of samples, generated by the target instrument. The device may create a transfer set based on the selected set of master calibrants and the selected set of target calibrants. The device may create a target calibration set, corresponding to the master calibration set, based on the transfer set. The device may generate, using an optimization technique associated with the transfer set and a support vector regression modeling technique, a transferred calibration model, for the target instrument, based on the target calibration set. 120.-. (canceled)21. A method comprising:creating, by a device, a transfer set based on a selected set of master calibrants and a selected set of target calibrants;creating, by the device, a target calibration set based on the transfer set;generating, by the device, a transferred calibration model based on the target calibration set; andproviding, by the device, the transferred calibration model to a target instrument.22. The method of claim 21 , where the target set includes spectra corresponding to samples associated with both the selected set of master calibrants and the selected set of target calibrants.23. The method of claim 21 , where the target calibration set includes a set of spectra associated with the target instrument.24. The method of claim 21 , where the transferred calibration model includes a model to be used to calibrate measurements obtained by the target instrument.25. The method of claim 21 , where generating the transferred calibration model comprises:applying a support vector regression (SVR) modeling ...

System for distributing and controlling color reproduction at multiple sites

In the color imaging system, multiple rendering devices are provided at different nodes along a network. Each rendering device has a color measurement instrument for calibrating the color presented by the rendering device. A rendering device may represent a color display in which a member surrounds the outer periphery of the screen of the display and a color measuring instrument is coupled to the first member. The color measuring instrument includes a sensor spaced from the screen at an angle with respect to the screen for receiving light from an area of the screen. A rendering device may be a printer in which the measuring of color samples on a sheet rendered by the printer is provided by a sensor coupled to a transport mechanism which moves the sensor and sheet relative to each other, where the sensor provides light from the sample to a spectrograph. The color measuring instruments provide for non-contact measurements of color samples either displayed on a color display, or printed on a sheet, and are self-calibrating by the use of calibration references in the instrument.

HYPERSPECTRAL SENSING SYSTEM AND PROCESSING METHODS FOR HYPERSPECTRAL DATA

A hyperspectral sensing device may include an optical collector configured to collect light and to transfer the collected light to a sensor having spectral resolution sufficient for sensing hyperspectral data. In some examples, the sensor comprises a compact spectrometer. The device further comprises a power supply, an electronics module, and an input/output hub enabling the device to transmit acquired data (e.g., to a remote server). In some examples, a plurality of hyperspectral sensing devices are deployed as a network to acquire data over a relatively large area. Methods are disclosed for performing dark-current calibration and/or radiometric calibration on data obtained by the hyperspectral sensing device, and/or another suitable device. Data obtained by the device may be represented in a functional basis space, enabling computations that utilize all of the hyperspectral data without loss of information. 1. A computer-implemented method for predicting ground-truth data corresponding to remotely measured data , the method comprising:acquiring a ground-truth spectrum corresponding to light measured at a first location at a first time;acquiring first remote spectral data corresponding to the first location at the first time;determining first weighting coefficients of a ground-truth function representing the ground-truth spectrum in a functional basis space;determining second weighting coefficients of a first remote function representing the first remote spectral data in the functional basis space;determining a correlating relationship predicting the first weighting coefficients based on the second weighting coefficients;acquiring second remote spectral data and determining third weighting coefficients of a second remote function representing the second remote spectral data in the functional basis space; andusing the correlating relationship to predict, based on the third weighting coefficients, projected ground-truth weighting coefficients corresponding to a ...

TRANSFER OF A CALIBRATION MODEL USING A SPARSE TRANSFER SET

A device may obtain a master calibration set, associated with a master calibration model of a master instrument, that includes spectra, associated with a set of samples, generated by the master instrument. The device may identify a selected set of master calibrants based on the master calibration set. The device may obtain a selected set of target calibrants that includes spectra, associated with the subset of the set of samples, generated by the target instrument. The device may create a transfer set based on the selected set of master calibrants and the selected set of target calibrants. The device may create a target calibration set, corresponding to the master calibration set, based on the transfer set. The device may generate, using an optimization technique associated with the transfer set and a support vector regression modeling technique, a transferred calibration model, for the target instrument, based on the target calibration set. 1. A device , comprising: [ 'the master calibration set including spectra, associated with a set of samples, generated by the master instrument;', 'obtain a master calibration set associated with a master calibration model of a master instrument,'}, 'the selected set of master calibrants including spectra associated with a subset of the set of samples;', 'identify a selected set of master calibrants based on the master calibration set,'}, 'the selected set of target calibrants including spectra, associated with the subset of the set of samples, generated by the target instrument;', 'obtain a selected set of target calibrants associated with a target instrument,'}, 'the transfer set being associated with the subset of the set of samples;', 'create a transfer set based on the selected set of master calibrants and the selected set of target calibrants,'}, 'create a target calibration set, corresponding to the master calibration set, based on the transfer set; and', 'the transferred calibration model being generated using an ...

Analyte system and method for determining hemoglobin parameters in whole blood

A replaceable cuvette assembly for use in an optical absorbance measurement system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters. The replaceable cuvette assembly includes a cuvette substrate and a cuvette module fixedly connected to the cuvette substrate wherein the cuvette substrate is a support for securing the cuvette assembly within the optical absorbance measurement system. The cuvette module has a sample inlet port, a sample outlet port, an electronic chip assembly, a sample receiving chamber that fluidly communicates with the sample inlet port and the sample outlet port, a first cuvette window, and a second cuvette window forming a portion of the sample receiving chamber. The first cuvette window and the second cuvette window are aligned with each other defining a cuvette optical path length between the first cuvette window and the second cuvette window and disposed within an optical path of the optical absorbance measurement system. 1. A replaceable cuvette assembly for use in an optical absorbance measurement system for measuring whole-blood hemoglobin parameters or whole-blood bilirubin parameters , the cuvette assembly comprising:a cuvette substrate; anda cuvette module fixedly connected to the cuvette substrate wherein the cuvette substrate is a support for securing the cuvette assembly within the optical absorbance measurement system, the cuvette module having a sample inlet port, a sample outlet port, an electronic chip assembly, a sample receiving chamber that fluidly communicates with the sample inlet port and the sample outlet port, a first cuvette window, and a second cuvette window forming a portion of the sample receiving chamber wherein the first cuvette window and the second cuvette window are aligned with each other defining a cuvette optical path length between the first cuvette window and the second cuvette window and disposed within an optical path of the optical absorbance measurement system.2. The ...

Determination and Correction of Frequency Registration Deviations for Quantitative Spectroscopy

A frequency registration deviation is quantified for a field spectrum collected during analysis by a spectroscopic analysis system of a sample fluid when the spectroscopic analysis system has deviated from a standard calibration state. The field spectrum is corrected based on the frequency registration deviation using at least one spectral shift technique, and a concentration is calculated for at least one analyte represented by the field spectrum using the corrected field spectrum. Related systems, methods, and articles are described. 1. A computer-implemented method comprising:quantifying a frequency registration deviation for a field spectrum collected during analysis by a spectroscopic analysis system of a sample fluid when the spectroscopic analysis system has deviated from a standard calibration state;correcting the field spectrum based on the frequency registration deviation using at least one spectral shift technique; andcalculating a concentration for an analyte represented by the field spectrum using the corrected field spectrum.2. A computer-implemented method as in claim 1 , wherein the quantifying of the frequency registration deviation for the field spectrum comprises applying a set of calibration algorithms to the field spectrum.3. A computer-implemented method as in claim 1 , wherein the quantifying of the frequency registration deviation for the field spectrum comprises using at least one frequency registration deviation function included in a set of calibration algorithms.4. A computer-implemented method as in claim 2 , wherein the set of calibration algorithms comprises a concentration function for the spectroscopic analysis system; and wherein the quantifying comprises:mathematically altering a frequency registration deviation of the field spectrum to create a predetermined number of variations;calculating one or more confidence indicators for each variation of the field spectrum after applying the concentration function to all variations of the ...

SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD, AND CALIBRATION METHOD OF SPECTRUM MEASUREMENT APPARATUS

Provided is a spectrum measurement apparatus including a light source configured to emit light to a sample; a light detector configured to receive light, which is reflected or scattered from, or transmitted through the sample, and to measure an intensity of the received light, and a processor configured to reconstruct a spectrum of the sample for calibration while adjusting a value of a spectrum reconstruction parameter in response to the light detector receiving the light and measuring the intensity of the received light, and to determine an optimal value of the spectrum reconstruction parameter based on a similarity between the reconstructed spectrum of the sample for calibration and an original spectrum of the sample for calibration. 1. A spectrum measurement apparatus comprising:a light source configured to emit light to a sample;a light detector configured to receive light, which is reflected or scattered from, or transmitted through the sample, and to measure an intensity of the received light; anda processor configured to reconstruct a spectrum of the sample for calibration while adjusting a value of a spectrum reconstruction parameter in response to the light detector receiving the light and measuring the intensity of the received light, and to determine an optimal value of the spectrum reconstruction parameter based on a similarity between the reconstructed spectrum of the sample for calibration and an original spectrum of the sample for calibration.2. The spectrum measurement apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor is further configured to calculate the similarity between the reconstructed spectrum of the sample for calibration and the original spectrum of the sample for calibration by using one of Euclidean distance claim 1 , Manhattan Distance claim 1 , Cosine Distance claim 1 , Mahalanobis Distance claim 1 , Jaccard Coefficient claim 1 , Extended Jaccard Coefficient claim 1 , Pearson's Correlation Coefficient claim 1 , and Spearman's Correlation ...

Portable water quality instrument

A hand-held microfluidic testing device is provided that includes a housing having a cartridge receiving port, a cartridge for input to the cartridge receiving port having a sample input and a channel, where the channel includes a mixture of Raman-scattering nanoparticles and a calibration solution, where the calibration solution includes chemical compounds capable of interacting with a sample under test input to the cartridge and the Raman-scattering nanoparticles, and an optical detection system in the housing, where the optical detection system is capable of providing an illuminated electric field, where the illuminating electric field is capable of being used for Raman spectroscopy with the Raman-scattering nanoparticles and the calibration solution to analyze the sample under test input to the cartridge.

CALIBRATION TARGET FOR HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGE SENSOR

A calibration target for a hyperspectral image sensor can include a panel with a predetermined length and width. The calibration target can also include a dispersive fabric overlaying a surface of the panel that refracts and disperses light illuminated from an illumination source to provide light on a plurality of different spectral bands corresponding to spectral bands detectable by the hyperspectral image sensor. 1. A calibration target for a hyperspectral image sensor comprising:a panel with a predetermined length and width; anda dispersive fabric overlaying a surface of the panel that refracts and disperses light illuminated from an illumination source to provide light on a plurality of different spectral bands corresponding to spectral bands detectable by the hyperspectral image sensor.2. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the dispersive fabric is a fiber optic fabric.3. The calibration target of claim 2 , further comprising:a lighting system that controls a color of light output by the fiber optic fabric.4. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of different spectral bands comprise at least 100 different spectral bands.5. The calibration target of claim 4 , wherein each of the plurality of spectral bands have a bandwidth of about 15 nanometers or less.6. The calibration target of claim 4 , wherein the plurality of spectral bands have a bandwidth of about 5 nanometers or less.7. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the hyperspectral image sensor is implemented on a satellite.8. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the hyperspectral image sensor is implemented on an aircraft.9. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the illumination source is a natural lighting source.10. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the hyperspectral image sensor is between 1 and 400 kilometers away from the calibration target.11. The calibration target of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of different spectral bands correspond to the ...

Dmd based uv absorption detector for liquid chromatography

A detector for use in liquid chromatography is provided. The detector includes a light delivery system comprising a light source that emits one or more spectral lines of light of a light spectrum. The detector has an entrance slit configured to receive the one or more spectral lines of light and a wavelength selection module comprising a digital micro-mirror device. The digital micro-mirror device is configured to redirect the one or more spectral lines of light to a flow cell. The flow cell is optically connected to the wavelength selection module.

SPECTRAL BLENDER

A compact spectrometer system comprising a light source and a spectrometer module and methods of using a spectrometer to determine information related to a property of a mixture are provided. One or more light sources are used to direct light into a mixture. One or more spectrometer modules are used to receive light from a mixture. One or more spectra are measured in response to the received light. A property of the mixture is determined in response to measured spectra. 1. A method for determining a property of a mixture , the method comprising:mixing a mixture in a mixing container, the mixing container comprising a housing and a mixing component, wherein the mixing the mixture comprises contacting the mixture with the mixing component as the mixing component moves, wherein the mixing component is separate from the housing and movable independent of the housing;directing a light from a light source into the mixture in the mixing container;receiving, at a spectrometer module, a portion of the light directed to the mixture in the mixing container, wherein the spectrometer module is positioned at a separation distance away from the light source; anddetermining a property of the mixture in response to the received light.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:pouring at least a portion of the mixture out of the mixing container,wherein the light from the light source is directed into the mixture as the mixture is poured, and the spectrometer module receives the portion of the light from the mixture as the mixture is poured.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:positioning the light source and the spectrometer module within the mixing container.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a light blocker is located between the light source and the spectrometer module.59.-. (canceled)10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the mixing container comprises a light blocker located between the housing of the mixing container and either the light source or the spectrometer ...

WAVELENGTH CALIBRATION METHOD FOR MONOCHROMATOR

Provided is a method for performing a wavelength calibration of a monochromator with a diffraction grating by casting light from a standard light source whose emission intensity contains a change with a predetermined cycle onto the diffraction grating and measuring an intensity of light reflected by the grating. The method includes the steps of: measuring at least two times the intensity of the reflected light from the grating within the aforementioned cycle at each of the rotational positions of the grating corresponding to a range of wavelengths including a peak wavelength of a bright line spectral light generated by the standard light source; determining an intensity value at each rotational position based on all the measured values obtained at the rotational position; and locating, as the peak wavelength of the bright line spectral light, a wavelength at which the intensity value is maximized. 1. A method for performing a wavelength calibration by casting light from a standard light source whose emission intensity contains a change with a predetermined cycle onto a diffraction grating in a monochromator and measuring an intensity of light reflected by the diffraction grating , the method comprising steps of:a) measuring at least two times the intensity of the reflected light from the diffraction grating within the aforementioned cycle at each of rotational positions of the diffraction grating corresponding to a range of wavelengths including a peak wavelength of a bright line spectral light generated by the standard light source;b) determining an intensity value at the rotational position based on all measured values obtained at the rotational position; andc) locating, as the peak wavelength of the bright line spectral light, a wavelength at which the intensity value is maximized.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the intensity value is a highest of all the measured values.3. A spectrophotometer claim 1 , comprising:a) a monochromator having a ...

LIGHT WAVELENGTH MEASUREMENT METHOD AND LIGHT WAVELENGTH MEASUREMENT APPARATUS

A light wavelength measurement method of measuring a wavelength of target light includes: receiving target light on a second dispersion device that disperses the target light into a plurality of second beams which reach a plurality of positions corresponding to the wavelength of the target light; and measuring the wavelength of the target light, by using the plurality of the second beams as a vernier scale for measuring the wavelength of the target light within a wavelength range specified by a main scale. 1. A spectrum measurement method of measuring a spectrum of input light , the spectrum measurement method comprising:receiving the input light on a dispersion device that separates the input light into a plurality of beams having a predetermined interval, and disperses each of the plurality of beams;causing the plurality of beams output from the dispersion device to overlap a main-scale device having graduations, wherein an interval of the graduations is different from the predetermined interval; andmeasuring the spectrum of the input light by measuring, using a measurement device arranged separately from the main-scale device, an intensity distribution of light obtained by causing the plurality of beams to overlap the main-scale device.2. A spectrum measurement apparatus that measures a spectrum of input light , the spectrum measurement apparatus comprising:a dispersion device that separates the input light into a plurality of beams having a predetermined interval, and disperses each of the plurality of beams, wherein the plurality of beams output from the dispersion device is caused to overlap a main-scale device having graduations, and an interval of the graduations is different from the predetermined interval; anda measurement device that is arranged separately from the main-scale device, and measures the spectrum of the input light by measuring an intensity distribution of light obtained by causing the plurality of beams to overlap the main-scale device. The ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR DUAL COMB SPECTROSCOPY

A frequency-measurement method uses a dual frequency-comb spectrometer as an optical wavemeter to measure the frequency of a reference laser that is used to frequency-stabilize the spectrometer. The method includes measuring a walking rate of center bursts in a sequence of interferograms recorded by the spectrometer, determining a number of teeth in each of a plurality of Nyquist windows formed by the dual frequency-comb spectrometer, and determining a Nyquist number of the one Nyquist window covering the laser frequency. The reference laser frequency can then be determined from the number of teeth in each Nyquist window, the Nyquist number, and the comb spacing of either one of the two frequency combs of the dual frequency-comb spectrometer. The reference laser frequency does not need to be measured with a separate wavemeter, or calibrated with respect to a known atomic or molecular transition. 1. A method for measuring the frequency of a laser with a dual frequency-comb spectrometer , comprising:measuring a walking rate of a plurality of center bursts in a sequence of consecutive interferograms recorded with the dual frequency-comb spectrometer;determining, from the measured walking rate and a number of data points in each of the interferograms, a number of teeth in each of a plurality of Nyquist windows formed by the dual frequency-comb spectrometer;determining a Nyquist number of one of the Nyquist windows that covers the frequency of the laser; anddetermining the frequency of the laser from (i) the number of teeth, (ii) the Nyquist number, and (iii) a measurement of a comb spacing of one of first and second frequency combs of the dual frequency-comb spectrometer.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising outputting the frequency of the laser to calibrate frequency components of the dual frequency-comb spectrometer for spectroscopically measuring a gaseous sample with the dual frequency-comb spectrometer.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:locking a ...

Method for Correcting a Wavelength and Tuning Range of a Laser Spectrometer

A method for correcting a wavelength and a tuning range of a laser spectrometer in which the light from a wavelength-tunable laser diode, after being radiating through a gas, is detected and evaluated, wherein the laser diode is periodically driven with a current ramp, such that a time-resolved absorption spectrum of the gas is obtained upon the detection of the light, where in order to correct the wavelength and the tuning range of the laser spectrometer, a first step involves readjusting the central wavelength of the laser diode via the temperature thereof and based on the position of one of two different selected absorption lines in the detected absorption spectrum, and a second step involves correcting the tuning range of the laser diode via the gradient of the current ramp such that the spacing of the two absorption lines in the detected absorption spectrum remains constant. 113.-. (canceled)14. A method for correcting a wavelength and a tuning range of a laser spectrometer , in which light of a wavelength-tunable laser diode is detected and evaluated after radiating through a gas , the laser diode being periodically driven with a current ramp , such that a time-resolved absorption spectrum of the gas is obtained upon the detection of the light , whereincomparing, in a currently obtain absorption spectrum an actual position of an absorption line of the gas with a target position of the same absorption line detected and stored in a preceding one-off adjustment of the laser spectrometer;changing, in a correction step, with a deviation of the actual position of the absorption line from the target position, a temperature of the laser diode until an actual position corresponds to the target position;comparing, in the absorption spectrum currently obtained, the actual position of a further absorption line with the target position of the same absorption line detected and stored in a preceding one-off adjustment of the laser spectrometer; andchanging, in a further ...

HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING METHOD AND DEVICE

Disclosed are hyperspectral/multiple spectral imaging methods and devices. A method obtains first and second spectral image datasets of a region of interest (ROI). The first spectral image dataset is characterized by a first spectral range and the second spectral image dataset is characterized by a second spectral range. The method then performs a first spectral analysis on the first spectral image dataset and a second spectral analysis on the second spectral image dataset. Afterwards, the method determines one or more spectral signature(s) at a deeper layer of the ROI. 1. An imaging method for providing medical information of a region of interest (ROI) of a subject , wherein the imaging method is performed by a device comprising a processor and memory , the imaging method comprising:obtaining a first spectral image dataset of the ROI, wherein the first spectral image dataset comprises a first plurality of signal arrays, and each respective signal array in the first plurality of signal arrays is characterized by a single corresponding spectral band in a first plurality of spectral bands, wherein each spectral band in the first plurality of spectral bands is within a first spectral range that penetrates tissue with a first average depth;obtaining a second spectral image dataset of the ROI, wherein the second spectral image dataset comprises a second plurality of signal arrays, and each respective signal array in the second plurality of signal arrays is characterized by a single corresponding spectral band in a second plurality of spectral bands, wherein each spectral band in the second plurality of spectral bands is within a second spectral range that is different than the first spectral range that penetrates tissue with a second average depth, wherein the second average depth is deeper than the first average depth;performing a first spectral analysis on the first spectral image dataset to determine first concentration values of each spectral signature in a first ...

HYPER-SPECTRAL IMAGE MEASUREMENT DEVICE AND CALIBRATION METHOD THEREFOR, PHOTOGRAPHING MODULE AND DEVICE FOR SKIN DIAGNOSIS, SKIN DIAGNOSIS METHOD, AND SKIN IMAGE PROCESSING METHOD

In one aspect, a hyperspectral image measurement device is provided to include: a main body; an illumination module disposed in the main body and including LEDs having different peak wavelengths to irradiate light to a subject; a camera disposed on the main body and receiving light reflected from the subject to acquire an image of the subject; a barrel having a contact surface contacting the subject, the contact surface located to be spaced apart from the illumination module and the camera module by a predetermined distance; and a reference cover located on the contact surface and including a standard reflection layer for reflecting light irradiated from the illumination module toward the camera module. 1. A hyperspectral image measurement device , comprising:a main body;an illumination module disposed on the main body and including LEDs having different peak wavelengths to irradiate light to a subject;a camera disposed on the main body and receiving light reflected from the subject to obtain an image of the subject;a barrel disposed on the main body and having a contact surface contacting the subject , the contact surface located to be spaced apart from the illumination module and the camera by a predetermined distance; anda reference cover located on the contact surface and including a reflection layer for reflecting light irradiated from the illumination module toward the camera,wherein the reflection layer includes an inner surface coated with a substance having a predetermined reflectance for each wavelength.2. The hyperspectral image measurement device of claim 1 , wherein the reference cover is detachably disposed on the barrel.3. The hyperspectral image measurement device of claim 1 , wherein the reference cover covers the contact surface.4. The hyperspectral image measurement device of claim 1 , wherein the barrel is detachably disposed on the main body.5. The hyperspectral image measurement device of claim 1 , wherein the main body includes a display ...

Optical fiber calibration connector

The present invention relates to an optical fiber connector for mating a first group of one or more optical fibers ( 102 ) with one or more corresponding optical fibers in a second group of one or more optical fibers ( 103 ). The optical fiber connector in dudes a shutter ( 105 ), which prevents the ingress of debris into the connector, and provides an optical reference surface with which to calibrate optical fibers that are inserted into the connector. The optical fiber connector finds application in the general optical fiber field, and more particularly finds application in the medical field in which it may be used to connect optical fibers in a photonic needle application.

Wavelength Shift Correction System and Wavelength Shift Correction Method

A wavelength shift correction system and method includes a wavelength shift correction light source that emits wavelength shift correction light including a plurality of rays of wavelength shift correction emission-line light; and a spectrometer including a spectroscopic unit that receives the respective rays of dispersed spectral light obtained by dispersing incident light in accordance with wavelength with a plurality of photoelectric converters in the dispersion direction, and outputs electrical signals corresponding to the light intensities of the rays of dispersed spectral light. When the wavelength shift correction light is measured as the incident light with the spectrometer to be subjected to wavelength shift correction, a wavelength variation is determined on the basis of the respective electrical signals output from a plurality of specific photoelectric conversion elements that receive the plurality of rays of wavelength shift correction emission-line light in the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements. 1. A wavelength shift correction system comprising:a wavelength shift correction light source that emits wavelength shift correction light including a plurality of rays of wavelength shift correction emission-line light;a spectrometer including a spectroscopic part that receives respective rays of dispersed spectral light obtained by dispersing incident light in accordance with wavelength with a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arranged in a direction of dispersion, and outputs respective electrical signals corresponding to respective light intensities of the respective rays of dispersed spectral light, the spectrometer being a spectrometer to be subjected to wavelength shift correction; anda hardware processor that determines a wavelength shift correction time emission-line wavelength corresponding to reference wavelength shift correction emission-line light on a basis of respective electrical signals output from a plurality of ...

Method and System for the Relative Referencing of a Target Gas in an Optical Measuring System for Laser Spectroscopy

A method for operating an optical measuring system including a wavelength-tunable temperature-stabilized laser light source for measuring the concentration of a target gas component in a measured gas, wherein an instantaneous base current I DC_ZG,act corresponding to a wavelength λ ZG of a target gas absorption line is set so that a wavelength distance Δλ DC defined during calibration between a target gas absorption line for a target gas component and a reference gas absorption line for a reference gas component is maintained. During operation, a relative temperature difference in the laser light source, defined in advance during calibration, between the operating points selected at the time of calibration of the reference gas, with a base current I DC_RG,cal , and the target gas component, with a base current I DC_ZG,cal , is maintained by determining the required instantaneous base current I DC_ZG,act for the target gas component, as a function of an instantaneous base current I DC_RG,act for the reference gas. The system includes a measuring system for carrying out the method.

SPECTROMETRIC SENSOR CONTROL METHOD AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE FOR SUPPORTING SAME

According to various embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device can comprise: a light-emitting module for emitting light; a reflection module for reflecting the light emitted from the light-emitting module; a spectrometric module; and a light receiving module for receiving at least one wavelength band among a plurality of wavelength bands dispersed by the spectrometric module. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a light emitting module configured to emit light;a reflection module configured to reflect light emitted from the light emitting module;a spectroscopic module; anda light receiving module configured to receive at least one wavelength band of a plurality of wavelength bands distributed by the spectroscopic module.2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the spectroscopic module is positioned at the upper end of the light emitting module and distributes light emitted from the light emitting module into a plurality of wavelength bands or is positioned at the upper end of the light receiving module and distributes light reflected from the reflection module into a plurality of wavelength bands.3. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the light emitting module claim 1 , the reflection module claim 1 , the spectroscopic module claim 1 , and the light receiving module are constituent elements of a spectrometer.4. The electronic device of claim 3 , wherein the reflection module comprises at least a portion of an isolation wall formed between the light emitting module and the light receiving module.5. The electronic device of claim 4 , further comprising a display panel layer formed at the upper end of the reflection module.6. The electronic device of claim 5 , further comprising a processor claim 5 ,wherein the processor is configured to adjust a color or transparency of at least a partial area of the display panel layer corresponding to the light emitting module or the light receiving module.7. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein ...

SPECTRAL OBJECT DETECTION

A multispectral material detection system captures spectral data and compares select spectral bands to reflectance spectra of a plurality of materials. The system identifies distinguishing features in reflectance spectra of a plurality of materials and in a plurality of spectral channels identifying distinguishing structural aspects of each material with respect to the background environments. Upon an observed spectral reflectance being proximate to one or more known spectra characteristics, the object is associated with a material of interest. 1. A spectral detection system , comprising:a multispectral collection system;a reflectance spectra datafile including a plurality of reflectance spectra characteristics of a plurality of materials of interest, each in a plurality of background environments;a capture system configured to capture spectral data of an object in a background environment in two or more selectable spectral bands, wherein each selectable band is of a selectable bandwidth;a machine capable of executing instructions embodied as software; anda plurality of software portions resident on a non-transitory storage media, wherein one of said software portions is configured to compare spectral data of the object with reflectance spectra characteristics of the plurality of material of interests from a reflectance spectra datafile.2. The spectral detection system of claim 1 , wherein responsive to spectral data of the object being proximate to one or more of the reflectance spectra characteristics claim 1 , associating the object with a material of interest.3. The spectral detection system of claim 2 , wherein reflectance spectra of the material of interest selectable from the reflectance spectra datafile is associated with a specific background environment.4. The spectral detection system of claim 1 , wherein location of the two or more selectable spectral bands are predetermined.5. The spectral detection system of claim 4 , wherein each selectable bandwidth ...

Determination and correction of frequency registration deviations for quantitative spectroscopy

A frequency registration deviation is quantified for a field spectrum collected during analysis by a spectroscopic analysis system of a sample fluid when the spectroscopic analysis system has deviated from a standard calibration state. The field spectrum is corrected based on the frequency registration deviation using at least one spectral shift technique, and a concentration is calculated for at least one analyte represented by the field spectrum using the corrected field spectrum. Related systems, methods, and articles are described.

DEVICE FOR CALIBRATING A SPECTROMETER

A device for analyzing the material composition of an object via plasma spectrum analysis, using a self-calibrating spectrometer, may include a laser assembly configured to emit a beam for sample plasma excitation, an optical assembly configured to direct the laser beam towards the target, and to collect the plasma light and guide it to the spectrometer sensor for target's plasma spectrum analysis, and a calibration light source configured to emit light with discrete and stable spectral lines. The calibration light source is preferably incorporated in the optical assembly. The optical assembly is configured to provide a primary optical path and a secondary optical path; the primary optical path directs light emitted from a plasma to the spectrometer, the secondary optical path directs light from the calibration light source to the spectrometer. The device may also include a housing that substantially encloses the laser assembly and the optical assembly. 1. A device for analyzing a material composition of an object via plasma spectrum analysis and calibrating a spectrometer having a spectrometer sensor , the device comprising:a laser assembly configured to emit a laser beam for plasma spectrum analysis;an optical assembly configured to direct the laser beam towards a target for plasma spectrum analysis of the target;a calibration light source configured to emit a light having known discrete spectral lines, the calibration light source being incorporated in the optical assembly;wherein the optical assembly is configured to provide a primary optical path and a secondary optical path, the primary optical path directs light emitted from a plasma to the spectrometer, the secondary optical path directs light from the calibration light source to the spectrometer;a housing, the housing substantially enclosing the laser assembly and the optical assembly; andwherein the housing defines at least one opening configured to allow the laser beam to travel from the optical assembly ...

Spectral Imaging System

A freeform imaging system with a spectrometer and telescope components optically connected and optimized to increase the spectral and spatial resolution capabilities. Many embodiments of the system are capable of producing a spectral resolution of approximately 1 nm and a spatial resolution less than 30m such that the imaging system can be used to accurately capture and measure point source plumes of various atmospheric gases including CH, CO, CO, NO, and HO. 1. An imaging system comprising:a telescopic component having a plurality of reflective and refractive elements disposed within a body of the telescopic component such that the reflective and refractive elements receive light images from a desired location wherein the light images are in the form of light rays transmitted through the telescopic component and wherein at least one of the refractive elements is a lens with a freeform surface;a spectrometer optically coupled to the telescopic component and further comprising one or more spectral reflective elements that receive the light from the telescopic element and redirect the light to a detector array such that the imaging system operates within a spectral frequency range, wherein at least one of the spectral reflective elements has a freeform reflective surface, and wherein the detector array further comprises a number of pixels corresponding to a spatial resolution that is detected from the telescopic component such that the spatial resolution can result in an optimized image; anda focal plane array comprising a plurality of electronic components disposed within a housing and electro-optically connected to the spectrometer and configured to receive light image data from the optically connected telescope and spectrometer and convert the light image data into a data stream.2. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the system is configured to detect atmospheric gases.3. The imaging system of claim 2 , wherein the atmospheric gases are selected from a group ...

Spatial light modulator spectroscopy

In described examples, a spatial light modulator includes groups of pixels. Each group is arranged to transmit only a respective portion of a light spectrum. The respective portion has a respective dominant color. The respective portions of the light spectrum are distinct from one another, according to their respective dominant colors. Each group is controlled by a respective reset signal. The spatial light modulator is coupled to receive a selection from the integrated circuit and in response to the selection: cause a selected one of the groups to transmit its respective portion of the light spectrum; and cause an unselected one of the groups to block transmission of its respective portion of the light spectrum. A photodetector is coupled to: receive the respective portion of the light spectrum transmitted by the selected group; and output a signal indicating an intensity thereof.

Tag reading using targeted spatial spectral detection

A system for determining a spectrum includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a sample set of intensity data for an array of spatial locations and a set of spectral configurations. The processor is configured to determine a region of interest using the sample set of intensity data and determine a spectral peak for the region of interest.

Optical spectrometer configuration including spatially variable filter (svf)

A system comprising a light source configured to illuminate a sample under measurement. The system includes a detector configured to receive reflected light from the sample, and the detector generates a signal representing the reflected light. A spatially variable filter (SVF) is positioned in the optical path. The SVF is configured to have spectral properties that vary as a function of illuminated position on the SVF.

SPATIAL LIGHT MODULATOR SPECTROSCOPY

In described examples, a spatial light modulator includes groups of pixels. Each group is arranged to transmit only a respective portion of a light spectrum. The respective portion has a respective dominant color. The respective portions of the light spectrum are distinct from one another, according to their respective dominant colors. Each group is controlled by a respective reset signal. The spatial light modulator is coupled to receive a selection from the integrated circuit and in response to the selection: cause a selected one of the groups to transmit its respective portion of the light spectrum; and cause an unselected one of the groups to block transmission of its respective portion of the light spectrum. A photodetector is coupled to: receive the respective portion of the light spectrum transmitted by the selected group; and output a signal indicating an intensity thereof. 1. Apparatus comprising:an integrated circuit;a spatial light modulator including groups of pixels, wherein each group is arranged to transmit only a respective portion of a light spectrum, the respective portion has a respective dominant color, each group is controlled by a respective reset signal, and the spatial light modulator is coupled to receive a selection from the integrated circuit and in response to the selection: cause a selected one of the groups to transmit its respective portion of the light spectrum; and cause an unselected one of the groups to block transmission of its respective portion of the light spectrum; anda photodetector coupled to: receive the respective portion of the light spectrum transmitted by the selected group; and output an intensity signal indicating an intensity thereof;wherein the respective portions of the light spectrum are distinct from one another, according to their respective dominant colors.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the intensity signal is an analog signal claim 1 , and the apparatus further comprises an analog-to-digital converter ...

WAVELENGTH REFERENCING BY MONITORING A VOLTAGE ACROSS A LASER DIODE

A lasing wavelength of a laser diode is determined by applying a forward current to the p-n junction of the laser diode and measuring a voltage across the p-n junction. The lasing wavelength can be determined by performing a simple wavelength calibration of the laser diode. This allows one to stabilize the lasing wavelength, and also to use the laser diode as a reference wavelength source. 122-. (canceled)23. An optical system comprising: a current source for providing a driving current to the laser diode;', 'a voltmeter for measuring a voltage across the laser diode; and', cause the current source to supply a first driving current to the laser diode above a lasing threshold of the laser diode to emit light at a first wavelength;', 'cause the current source to supply a second driving current to the laser diode;', 'cause the voltmeter to measure a reference value of a forward-bias voltage across the laser diode when the second driving current is supplied; and', 'compute the first wavelength based on the reference value of the forward-bias voltage., 'a control circuit coupled to the current source and the voltmeter, the control circuit structured and arranged to], 'a controller for a laser diode, the controller comprising24. The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the first wavelength is computed using a pre-determined functional relationship between: (i) the forward-bias voltage across the laser diode when the second driving current is supplied to the laser diode; and (ii) a lasing wavelength of the laser diode when the first driving current is supplied to the laser diode claim 23 , wherein the reference value of the forward-bias voltage is used as an argument in the pre-determined functional relationship.25. The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the second driving current is substantially equal to the first driving current.26. The optical system of claim 23 , wherein the second driving current is above the lasing threshold.27. The optical system of claim 23 , ...

HYPERSPECTRAL SENSING SYSTEM AND PROCESSING METHODS FOR HYPERSPECTRAL DATA

A hyperspectral sensing device may include an optical collector configured to collect light and to transfer the collected light to a sensor having spectral resolution sufficient for sensing hyperspectral data. In some examples, the sensor comprises a compact spectrometer. The device further comprises a power supply, an electronics module, and an input/output hub enabling the device to transmit acquired data (e.g., to a remote server). In some examples, a plurality of hyperspectral sensing devices are deployed as a network to acquire data over a relatively large area. Methods are disclosed for performing dark-current calibration and/or radiometric calibration on data obtained by the hyperspectral sensing device, and/or another suitable device. Data obtained by the device may be represented in a functional basis space, enabling computations that utilize all of the hyperspectral data without loss of information. 1. A computer-implemented method for predicting ground-truth data corresponding to remotely measured data , the method comprising:acquiring a ground-truth spectrum corresponding to light measured at a first location at a first time;acquiring first remote spectral data corresponding to the first location at the first time;determining first weighting coefficients of a ground-truth function representing the ground-truth spectrum in a functional basis space;determining second weighting coefficients of a first remote function representing the first remote spectral data in the functional basis space;determining a correlating relationship predicting the first weighting coefficients based on the second weighting coefficients;acquiring second remote spectral data and determining third weighting coefficients of a second remote function representing the second remote spectral data in the functional basis space; andusing the correlating relationship to predict, based on the third weighting coefficients, projected ground-truth weighting coefficients corresponding to a ...

HYPERSPECTRAL SENSING SYSTEM AND PROCESSING METHODS FOR HYPERSPECTRAL DATA

A hyperspectral sensing device may include an optical collector configured to collect light and to transfer the collected light to a sensor having spectral resolution sufficient for sensing hyperspectral data. In some examples, the sensor comprises a compact spectrometer. The device further comprises a power supply, an electronics module, and an input/output hub enabling the device to transmit acquired data (e.g., to a remote server). In some examples, a plurality of hyperspectral sensing devices are deployed as a network to acquire data over a relatively large area. Methods are disclosed for performing dark-current calibration and/or radiometric calibration on data obtained by the hyperspectral sensing device, and/or another suitable device. Data obtained by the device may be represented in a functional basis space, enabling computations that utilize all of the hyperspectral data without loss of information. 1. A method of measuring a radiometrically calibrated spectrum using a spectral sensor deployed at an outdoor location without relocating the spectral sensor , the method comprising:measuring a spectrum of light using a spectral sensor deployed at an outdoor location;normalizing the measured spectrum using a selected normalizing factor;computing a simulated spectrum based on a simulation of at least a portion of the atmosphere at the outdoors location, the simulation including one or more adjustable parameters;adjusting at least one of the adjustable parameters to produce an adjusted simulated spectrum matching the measured spectrum according to one or more predefined criteria;determining a mathematical transformation capable of transforming the measured spectrum, such that at least a portion of the transformed measured spectrum approximates at least a portion of the adjusted simulated spectrum; andperforming the mathematical transformation on the measured spectrum to produce a radiometrically calibrated spectrum.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising ...

Spectrometer, a spectrum sampling device and spectrum correction method

A spectrometer including a spectrum sampling device and a spectrometer engine is provided. The spectrum sampling device outputs an identification signal. The spectrometer engine is electrically connected to the spectrum sampling device. The spectrometer engine receives the identification signal and a spectrum. The spectrometer engine has a plurality of wavelength correction functions, and the spectrometer engine selects one of the plurality of wavelength correction functions according to the identification signal. The spectrometer engine corrects the spectrum according to the selected wavelength correction function. Moreover, a spectrum sampling device and a spectrum correction method are also provided. The spectrometer of the invention is adapted to improve accuracy of spectrum measurement.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR ICPMS MATRIX OFFSET CALIBRATION

Systems and methods are described for calibrating an analytical instrument analyzing a plurality of sample matrices in series. A system embodiment can include, but is not limited to, a sample analysis device configured to receive a plurality of samples from a plurality of remote sampling systems and to determine an intensity of one or more species of interest contained in each of the plurality of samples; and a controller configured to generate a primary calibration curve based on analysis of a first standard solution having a first sample matrix by the sample analysis device and generate at least one secondary calibration curve based on analysis of a second standard solution having a second sample matrix by the sample analysis device, the controller configured to associate the at least one secondary calibration curve with the primary calibration curve according to a matrix correction factor. 1. A system for calibrating an inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) analytical instrument comprising:a sample analysis device configured to receive a sample from a remote sampling system and to determine a concentration of a chemical species of interest in a first sample matrix in the received sample; and generate a primary calibration curve based on an analysis of different concentrations of the chemical species of interest in a second sample matrix by the sample analysis device,', 'generate a secondary calibration curve based on an analysis of different concentrations of the chemical species of interest in a first sample matrix by the sample analysis device, and', 'determine a matrix correction factor associating the secondary calibration curve with the primary calibration curve., 'a controller operably coupled to the sample analysis device and configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sample analysis device is disposed at a first location and the remote sampling system is disposed at a second location claim 1 , the first location being remote from the second location.3 ...

SUBSTRATE PROCESSING APPARATUS, SUBSTRATE PROCESSING MODULE, AND SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE FABRICATION METHOD

A substrate processing module includes a process chamber configured to perform a treatment process on a substrate; a transfer chamber provided on a first side of the process chamber, the substrate being transferred between the process chamber and the transfer chamber; an optical emission spectroscopy (OES) system provided on a second side of the process chamber and configured to monitor the process chamber; and a reference light source disposed in the transfer chamber and configured to emit a reference light to calibrate the OES system. 1. A substrate processing module comprising:a process chamber configured to perform a treatment process on a substrate;a transfer chamber provided on a first side of the process chamber, the substrate being transferred between the process chamber and the transfer chamber;an optical emission spectroscopy (OES) system provided on a second side of the process chamber and configured to monitor the process chamber; anda reference light source disposed in the transfer chamber and configured to emit a reference light to calibrate the OES system.2. The substrate processing module of claim 1 , wherein the reference light source comprises:a light source configured to emit the reference light; anda body supporting the light source, andwherein the body is provided in the transfer chamber.3. The substrate processing module of claim 1 , wherein: the transfer chamber comprises a transfer robot configured to transport the substrate claim 1 , andthe reference light source is engaged with the transfer robot.4. The substrate processing module of claim 3 , wherein the transfer robot further comprises a transfer hand supporting the substrate and configured to transfer the substrate into the process chamber claim 3 , andwherein the reference light source is engaged with the transfer hand.5. The substrate processing module of claim 1 , further comprising a calibration robot provided in the transfer chamber claim 1 , wherein the reference light source is ...

SKIN BARRIER PREPARATION AND METHOD THEREFOR

A method of selecting a skin barrier system suitable for infants and young children is disclosed. 1. An method of evaluating a potential impact of a barrier system on infant skin , comprising:a) topically applying said barrier system to adult skin;b) topically applying a marker to said barrier system treated adult skin;c) measuring penetration said marker into said barrier system treated adult skin;d) using a computational model of adult skin penetration to visualize penetration of the marker by optimizing penetration parameters so that the model of adult skin penetration profiles match the experimental data;e) transferring the optimized penetration parameters to a computational model of infant skin; andf) determining the penetration of the marker in the computational model of infant skin.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the marker is caffeine.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein EPISIM is employed as the computational model of adult skin penetration.4. A barrier system selected by the method of .5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the computational model of adult skin penetration is an agent-based model. This application claims priority of the benefits of the filing of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/613,878, filed Jan. 5, 2018, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.The present invention relates to the development of skin barrier systems, particularly for infants or young children, while assessing the level of skin protection through analyses of adult skin tests. The invention allows one to evaluate the protection level of a skin barrier system with objective data while avoiding the need to test on young children or infants.Skin cleansers contain surfactants, which may compromise the integrity of skin barrier to the penetration of external aggressors, resulting in skin irritation. Assessing cleanser mildness on skin is typically done by clinical evaluation and measurement of alterations in trans epidermal water ...

METHODS FOR COLLECTION, DARK CORRECTION, AND REPORTING OF SPECTRA FROM ARRAY DETECTOR SPECTROMETER

Methods and systems for spectrometer dark correction are described which achieve more stable baselines, especially towards the edges where intensity correction magnifies any non-zero results of dark subtraction, and changes in dark current due to changes in temperature of the camera window frame are typically more pronounced. The resulting induced curvature of the baseline makes quantitation difficult in these regions. Use of the invention may provide metrics for the identification of system failure states such as loss of camera vacuum seal, drift in the temperature stabilization, and light leaks. In system aspects of the invention, a processor receives signals from a light detector in the spectrometer and executes software programs to calculate spectral responses, sum or average results, and perform other operations necessary to carry out the disclosed methods. In most preferred embodiments, the light signals received from a sample are used for Raman analysis. 1. A method of dark current correction in a spectrometer having a detector with a illuminated area adapted to receive light from a sample and a non-illuminated area , the method comprising the steps of:(a) receiving and storing data representative of a true dark (TD) spectrum using the illuminated area of the detector in the absence of light from the sample, and receiving and storing data representative of an unilluminated dark (UD) spectrum using the non-illuminated area of the detector in the presence of light from the sample;(b) deriving a mathematical relationship between TD and UD;(c) simultaneously receiving and storing data representative of a light spectrum from a sample using the illuminated area of the detector, and receiving and a new unilluminated dark (new UD) spectrum using the non-illuminated area of the detector;(d) calculating a new TD as a function of new UD;(e) subtracting new TD from the data representative of the light spectrum to generate a result; and(f) repeating steps (c) through (e) ...

Handheld spectroradiometer system, computer-readable media, and calibration methods

Non-transitory computer-readable media, spectroradiometer systems, and methods for calibrating a spectroradiometer. In one embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium includes instructions that, when executed by an electronic processor, cause the electronic processor to perform a set of operations. The set of operations includes receiving spectral data regarding an object-of-interest that is captured by a handheld spectroradiometer, detecting a characteristic of the object-of-interest by performing a spectral analysis on the spectral data that is received, and controlling a display to display the characteristic of the object-of-interest.

TAG READING USING TARGETED SPATIAL SPECTRAL DETECTION

A system for determining a spectrum includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive a sample set of intensity data for an array of spatial locations and a set of spectral configurations. The processor is configured to determine a region of interest using the sample set of intensity data and determine a spectral peak for the region of interest. 1. A system for determining a spectrum , comprising:an interface configured to receive a sample set of intensity data for an array of spatial locations, wherein the sample set of intensity data for the array of spatial locations comprises an imaging measurement at each location in the array of spatial locations, wherein each location in the array of spatial locations corresponds to a sample location, wherein the sample comprises an optical tag, and wherein the optical tag reflects light with a recognizable spectrum; [ determining a set of locations of the array of spatial locations corresponding to a maxima;', 'ranking the set of locations based on a likelihood that a location corresponds to the optical tag; and', 'determining the first region of interest to include a fixed range around the location of the set of locations, wherein the location is ranked most likely to correspond to the optical tag, wherein the fixed range is based at least in part on the predetermined size of the optical tag;, 'determine a first region of interest using the sample set of intensity data, comprising, 'determine first color data for the first region of interest from the sample set of intensity data; and', 'in response to the first color data for the first region of interest being not identified as the recognizable spectrum, determine a second region of interest using the sample set of intensity data and determine second color data for the second region of interest., 'a processor configured to2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first color data and the second color data comprises three color data.3. The system of ...

Reflection Characteristic Measurement System

A reflection characteristic measurement system includes: a hand-held reflection characteristic measurement apparatus including a light receiver that receives reflected light; and a guide member that supports the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus, wherein the guide member includes: a plate-shaped support part having a support surface to support the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus; and a white calibration plate applicable to white calibration of the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus, the support part includes: an elongated hole extending in one direction along the support surface; and a guide structure provided to guide the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus so as to enable the apparatus to move along the one direction, the light receiver is provided on the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus so as to move along a predetermined moving path, the moving path of the light receiver extends in the one direction, and the white calibration plate is provided on the moving path. 1. A reflection characteristic measurement system comprising:a hand-held reflection characteristic measurement apparatus including, on a bottom part, a light receiver that receives reflected light obtained by emitting illumination light to a measurement target; anda guide member that supports the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus in a state of covering the measurement target so as to allow the light receiver to face the measurement target,wherein the guide member includes:a plate-shaped support part having a support surface to support the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus so as to enable the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus to move; anda white calibration plate provided on the guide member and applicable to white calibration of the reflection characteristic measurement apparatus,the support part includes:an elongated hole extending in one direction along the support surface to penetrate ...

Method for Calibrating a Spectroradiometer

The invention relates to a method for calibrating a spectroradiometer (), comprising the following method steps: capture of light measurement data by the measurement of the radiation of at least one standard light source () using the spectroradiometer () that is to be calibrated; derivation of calibrated data from the light measurement data by the comparison of the captured light measurement data with known data of the standard light source (); and calibration of the spectroradiometer () according to the calibration data. The aim of the invention is to provide a reliable and practical method for calibrating the spectroradiometer (). In particular, the synchronism of spectroradiometers () situated in different locations () is to be produced simply and reliably. To achieve this aim, the validity, i.e. the usability, of the standard light source for the calibration is checked by a comparison of the light measurement data of the standard light source () with light measurement data of one or more additional standard light sources () of the same type, the validity of the standard light source () being established if the deviations of the light measurement data of the standard light sources () from one another lie below predefined limit values, and/or the standard light source () is measured using two or more standard spectroradiometers () of the same type or of different types, the validity of the standard light source () being established if the deviations of the light measurement data from one another, said data being captured using the different standard spectroradiometers (), lie below predefined limit values. 1. A method for calibrating a spectroradiometer , comprising the following method steps:recording light measurement data by measuring the radiation from at least one standard light source by means of the spectroradiometer to be calibrated,deriving calibration data from the light measurement data by comparing the recorded light measurement data with known data of ...

MASS ANALYSIS DATA ANALYZING APPARATUS AND MASS ANALYSIS DATA ANALYZING PROGRAM

Problem to be Solved 1. A mass spectrometric data analyzer for locating a marker peak whose expression varies among a plurality of groups of samples , based on mass spectrum data obtained by performing a mass spectrometric analysis on each of the samples each of which belongs to one of the plurality of groups , the mass spectrometric data analyzer comprising:a) a peak information collector for grouping peak-intensity values on mass spectra obtained for a plurality of given samples, for each mass-to-charge-ratio value at which a peak is observed on any one of the mass spectra, based on mass spectrum data obtained for the given samples; andb) a significant difference determiner for determining, for each mass-to-charge-ratio value, whether or not a peak-intensity distribution is in conformity to a probability distribution using a predetermined parameter, the peak-intensity distribution being either a distribution based on a plurality of peak-intensity values corresponding to one mass-to-charge-ratio value, determined by the peak information collector, or a distribution obtained by correcting the aforementioned distribution, and for selecting a mass-to-charge-ratio value giving a peak-intensity distribution which is judged to be in inconformity to the probability distribution, as a candidate of a marker peak which is considered as showing a significant difference between the plurality of groups.2. The mass spectrometric data analyzer according to claim 1 , wherein:the probability distribution is a normal distribution or lognormal distribution, and the significant difference determiner includes:b1) a mean-and-variance estimator for estimating a mean and a variance from an uncorrected or corrected peak-intensity distribution; andb2) a statistical tester for performing a hypothesis test for a conformity of the uncorrected or corrected peak-intensity distribution to the normal distribution or lognormal distribution, based on the mean and the variance estimated by the mean- ...

METHODS FOR COLLECTION, DARK CORRECTION, AND REPORTING OF SPECTRA FROM ARRAY DETECTOR SPECTROMETERS

Methods and systems for spectrometer dark correction are described which achieve more stable baselines, especially towards the edges where intensity correction magnifies any non-zero results of dark subtraction, and changes in dark current due to changes in temperature of the camera window frame are typically more pronounced. The resulting induced curvature of the baseline makes quantitation difficult in these regions. Use of the invention may provide metrics for the identification of system failure states such as loss of camera vacuum seal, drift in the temperature stabilization, and light leaks. In system aspects of the invention, a processor receives signals from a light detector in the spectrometer and executes software programs to calculate spectral responses, sum or average results, and perform other operations necessary to carry out the disclosed methods. In most preferred embodiments, the light signals received from a sample are used for Raman analysis. 1. A method of dark current correction in a spectrometer having a detector adapted to receive a light spectrum from a sample , the method comprising the steps of:(a) acquiring a dark exposure using the detector;(b) acquiring a light exposure from a sample;(c) subtracting the dark exposure from the light exposures, storing the result as an accumulation;(d) repeating (a)-(c) for N accumulations; and(e) summing or averaging the N accumulations to generate a result.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spectra acquired in (a) and (b) are cosmically corrected.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the spectrometer is a Raman spectrometer claim 1 , and the light spectrum from the sample includes a Raman spectrum.4. The method of claim 1 , including the steps of:(a) acquiring a dark exposure using the detector;(b) acquiring a light exposure from a sample;(c) subtracting the dark exposure from the light exposures, storing the result in a buffer as an accumulation;(d) repeating (a)-(c) for N accumulations;(e) summing or ...

Spectrometry device, liquid chromatograph, and wavelength calibration method of spectrometer

The wavelength of a spectrometer is calibrated by using a commercial Ho glass filter. The spectrometer includes a light source including a D 2 lamp and not including a mercury lamp, and a reference wavelength input unit for inputting, as a reference wavelength, a wavelength of a specific absorption peak separately measured for an Ho glass filter to be used. To calibrate the wavelength of the spectrometer by using the wavelength of a specific emission line peak of the D 2 lamp and the reference wavelength input by the reference wavelength input unit, the wavelength calibration unit holds a conversion table showing a theoretical relationship between the number of control pulses for rotating a diffraction element and the corresponding wavelength of diffracted light, and calibrates the number of control pulses from the conversion table by the wavelength calibration unit.

Optical Measuring Methods and System

In an optical measuring method, a reflected light from a structure on a substrate is detected by a measuring tool to obtain a raw spectrum. The raw spectrum in a wavelength range having spectrum sensitivity to process variation is analyzed to determine a process variation of an actual process performed on the substrate. The raw spectrum is corrected according to a spectrum offset for the measuring tool which is determined based on the process variation.

MICROMIRROR SPECTROPHOTOMETER ASSEMBLY

Aspects of a micromirror spectrophotometer assembly are described. In one example case, an instrument includes a diffraction grating to disperse broadband light over a range of wavelengths, a detector, a digital micromirror device (DMD) configured to scan through and reflect at least a portion of the range of wavelengths toward the detector, and a base platform having a number of integrally formed assembly mounts. The assembly mounts are formed to align and secure the diffraction grating, the detector, the DMD, and other optical components of the instrument in a predetermined arrangement. The instrument can also include a reference paddle having a reference material for calibration of the instrument, and a rotatable sample tray to rotate a sample placed on the sample tray for measurement. 1. A platform for an instrument , comprising:a plurality of assembly mounts integrally formed as a base platform to align and secure a diffraction grating, a detector, a digital micromirror device (DMD), and at least one optical component in a predetermined arrangement, wherein:the plurality of assembly mounts comprise a plurality of integral seats to align and secure the at least one optical component in a predetermined arrangement relative to the diffraction grating, the detector, and the DMD.2. The platform of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of assembly mounts comprise:a first integral seat formed for a first optical component of a focusing optics assembly; anda second integral seat for a second optical component of the focusing optics assembly, the first integral seat and the second integral seat being separated by a predetermined spacing along an optical pathway that extends along the at least one of the plurality of assembly mounts.3. The platform of claim 1 , wherein:a first of the plurality of assembly mounts is aligned along a first optical pathway in the instrument;a second of the plurality of assembly mounts is aligned along a second optical pathway parallel to the first ...

Standard reference material interface for raman probe

A standard reference material interface for a Raman probe includes a locator including a housing having a first end and a second end, the first end including an attachment portion configured to mate with an attachment portion of the Raman probe. The locator defines a central axis that intersects the first end and the second end. The standard reference material interface also includes a hermetically sealed standard reference material enclosure positioned at the second end of the housing and enclosing a standard reference material. An optical port is positioned within the housing between the Raman probe and the standard reference material relative to the central axis. The optical port includes a window.

SPECTRAL IMAGE CORRECTING APPARATUS AND SPECTRAL IMAGE CORRECTING METHOD, AND OBJECT COMPONENT ANALYZING APPARATUS

A spectral image correcting apparatus includes: an image acquirer configured to acquire a spectral image; and a processor configured to detect a peak wavelength corresponding to a characteristic wavelength based on a differential value of a spectrum of the spectral image, and correct a curvature of the spectral image based on the detected peak wavelength. 1. A spectral image correcting apparatus comprising:an image acquirer configured to acquire a spectral image; anda processor configured to detect a peak wavelength corresponding to a characteristic wavelength based on a differential value of a spectrum of the spectral image, and correct a curvature of the spectral image based on the detected peak wavelength.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image acquirer comprises:a light source configured to emit light onto an object; anda detector configured to acquire the spectral image based on the light scattered or reflected from the object.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the image acquirer acquires the spectral image based on Raman spectroscopy.4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the detector comprises at least one of a charge-coupled device (CCD) claim 2 , a diode array claim 2 , and a film.5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the processor comprises a peak detector configured to differentiate the spectrum for each row of the spectral image claim 1 , and detect the peak wavelength based on the differential value of the spectrum.6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the peak detector primarily and secondarily differentiates the spectrum for each row of the spectral image claim 5 , and determines a point of the spectrum claim 5 , at which a primary differential value is 0 and a secondary differential value is a negative number claim 5 , as corresponding to the peak wavelength.7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein once the spectral image is acquired claim 5 , the peak detector selects one or more characteristic wavelengths for use in correcting the curvature ...

On-line quantitative analysis of chemical compositions by raman spectrometry

A method for quantitatively monitoring in situ by Raman spectrometry one or more selected constituents of a chemical composition comprises: simultaneously irradiating with a substantially monochromatic radiation source a reference material and a chemical composition containing one or more constituents, the radiation being transmitted from the source to the chemical composition by an excitation conduit connecting the source to an optical probe that interfaces with the composition; simultaneously acquiring at more than one wavelength convolved Raman spectra of the reference material and the chemical composition by means of a spectrograph, which is connected to the optical probe by a collection conduit; choosing the standard Raman spectrum of the reference material; determining the convolution function of the convolved spectra from the convolved Raman spectrum and the standard Raman spectrum of the reference material; applying the convolution function to adjust the convolved Raman spectrum of the composition to produce the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition; and applying predetermined calibration means to the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition, by which the chemical constitution of the composition at the time of acquisition of the convolved Raman spectra can be ascertained.

On-line quantitative analysis of chemical compositions by raman spectrometry

A method for quantitatively monitoring in situ by Raman spectrometry one or more selected constituents of a chemical composition comprises: simultaneously irradiating with a substantially monochromatic radiation source a reference material and a chemical composition containing one or more constituents, the radiation being transmitted from the source to the chemical composition by an excitation conduit connecting the source to an optical probe that interfaces with the composition; simultaneously acquiring at more than one wavelength convolved Raman spectra of the reference material and the chemical composition by means of a spectrograph, which is connected to the optical probe by a collection conduit; choosing the standard Raman spectrum of the reference material; determining the convolution function of the convolved spectra from the convolved Raman spectrum and the standard Raman spectrum of the reference material; applying the convolution function to adjust the convolved Raman spectrum of the composition to produce the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition; and applying predetermined calibration means to the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition, by which the chemical constitution of the composition at the time of acquisition of the convolved Raman spectra can be ascertained.

Quantum dot light source chip spectrometer without light splitting system and spectrum reconstruction method

本发明公开了一种无分光系统的量子点光源芯片光谱仪及光谱重构方法，通过一系列不同发光波长的量子点构成集成光源芯片，利用该光源芯片发出的光照射在被测物体上后被探测器接收，再经过光谱重构后获得被测物体的光谱。本发明的光源由一系列不同发光波长的量子点阵列构成，使光源本身就具备了光谱分辨能力，不需要任何分光系统进行分光，再结合光电探测器即可构成芯片级光谱仪器，甚至可直接与手机一起构成智能手机光谱仪，用于识别物质的成分，非常小巧、便携、成本低廉，特别有利于光谱技术在日常生活中的推广应用。

Optical system for simultaneous detecting calibration system and test signal in optical spectrum analyser

一种光学系统,通过光隔离的光路将光信号耦合到分立的光检测器上,以对光谱分析仪中的校准信号和测试信号一起进行检测。成对的光纤对称设在光轴任一边,供与一边的输入光纤和另一边的输出光纤准直的光学元件之用。输入光纤分别接收校准信号和测试信号,输出光纤与各检测器连接。光校准源产生处在光学系统第一级光谱范围内的第二级或以上的谱线。衍射光栅将测试信号的第一级光谱分量传送给一个检测器,将校准信号的第二级或以上的谱线从准直光学元件传送给另一检测器。对来自检测器的电信号数字化并进行处理,获得校正误差,以用于校正由光谱分析仪显示的测试信号。

On-line quantitative analysis of chemical compositions by raman spectrometry

On-line quantitative analysis of chemical compositions by raman spectrometry

A method for quantitatively monitoring in situ by Raman spectrometry one or more selected constituents of a chemical composition comprises: simultaneous ly irradiating with a substantially monochromatic radiation source a reference material and a chemical composition containing one or more constituents, the radiation being transmitted from the source to the chemical composition by a n excitation conduit connecting the source to an optical probe that interfaces with the composition; simultaneously acquiring at more than one wavelength convolved Raman spectra of the reference material and the chemical compositi on by means of a spectrograph, which is connected to the optical probe by a collection conduit; choosing the standard Raman spectrum of the reference material; determining the convolution function of the convolved spectra from the convolved Raman spectrum and the standard Raman spectrum of the referenc e material; applying the convolution function to adjust the convolved Raman spectrum of the composition to produce the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition; and applying predetermined calibration means to the standard Raman spectrum of the chemical composition, by which the chemical constitution of the composition at the time of acquisition of the convolved Raman spectra canbe ascertained.

Film measurement system with improved calibration

The pixel position-to-wavelength calibration function of film measurement devices such as spectroscopic ellipsometers and spectroreflectometers may shift due to temperature and humidity changes and mechanical factors. One or more wavelength markers provided by the light source or reference sample may be used to correct the calibration function. The pixel positions of one or more persistent wavelength markers are noted during the calibration process and the current positions of such markers are again noted to account for shifts due to various factors to correct the calibration function.

Automatic monochromator-testing system

An automated chemistry-testing system for analyzing serum samples in which a controlled intensity, monochromatic light beam of substantially any desired wavelength can be selectively directed through any one of a plurality of test solutions in a spectrophotometer. The system operates at very high speed, permitting serum test solutions to be scanned with a multiplicity of wavelengths of light to provide extensive data on the characteristics of the serum. The invention also provides substantial flexibility and permits a wide variety of test to be more reliably performed.

Method for simultaneously measuring the spectral intensity as a function of wavelength of all the pixels of a two dimensional scene

A method of analyzing an optical image of a scene to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel of the scene, which includes collecting incident light from the scene; (b) passing the light through an interferometer which outputs modulated light corresponding to a predetermined set of linear combinations of the spectral intensity of the light emitted from each pixel; focusing the light outputted from the interferometer on a detector array; and processing the output of the detector array to determine the spectral intensity of each pixel thereof. If the interferometer is of the moving type scanning in one dimension is required where the detector array is one dimensional, and no scanning when the detector array is two-dimensional. If the interferometer is of the non-moving type scanning is required in one dimension when the detector array is two-dimensional, and in two dimensions when the detector array is one-dimensional.

Method for chromosome classification by decorrelation statistical analysis and hardware therefore

A method and hardware for chromosome classification by decorrelation statistical analysis to provide color (spectral) karyotypes and to detect chromosomal aberrations.

Hybrid least squares multivariate spectral analysis methods

A set of hybrid least squares multivariate spectral analysis methods in which spectral shapes of components or effects not present in the original calibration step are added in a following estimation or calibration step to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the amount of the original components in the sampled mixture. The “hybrid” method herein means a combination of an initial classical least squares analysis calibration step with subsequent analysis by an inverse multivariate analysis method. A “spectral shape” herein means normally the spectral shape of a non-calibrated chemical component in the sample mixture but can also mean the spectral shapes of other sources of spectral variation, including temperature drift, shifts between spectrometers, spectrometer drift, etc. The “shape” can be continuous, discontinuous, or even discrete points illustrative of the particular effect.

Method for standardizing raman spectrometers to obtain stable and transferable calibrations

A method for providing an accurate and precise quantitative analysis of the chemical composition and/or physical properties of an unknown sample uses th e standard Raman spectra of a plurality of known samples to construct a normalized calibration (Step C1), which is applied to a standard Raman spectrum of the unknown sample obtained from a particular Raman spectrometry apparatus or any similar Raman spectrometry apparatus, which is used to simultaneously irradiate a reference material and at least one sample, there by obtaining their respective convolved Raman spectra. Using a defined standard energy dispersion characteristic and a standard Raman spectrum (Step P2) of the reference material, a convolved function is determined (Step R6) and applied to produce a deconvolved Raman spectrum of the sample (Step R7). Thi s deconvolved spectrum is multiplied by a defined standard photometric respons e function to produce a standard Raman spectrum of the sample (Step R8), there by providing an accurate and precise quantitative analysis.

Hybrid least squares multivariate spectral analysis methods

A set of hybrid least squares multivariate spectral analysis methods in which spectral shapes of components or effects not present in the original calibration step are added in a following prediction or calibration step to improve the accuracy of the estimation of the amount of the original components in the sampled mixture. The hybrid method herein means a combination of an initial calibration step with subsequent analysis by an inverse multivariate analysis method. A spectral shape herein means normally the spectral shape of a non-calibrated chemical component in the sample mixture but can also mean the spectral shapes of other sources of spectral variation, including temperature drift, shifts between spectrometers, spectrometer drift, etc. The shape can be continuous, discontinuous, or even discrete points illustrative of the particular effect.

Spectral bio-imaging data for cell classification using internal reference

A method of spectral-morphometric analysis of biological samples, the biological samples including substantially constant components and suspected variable components, the method is effected by the following the steps of (a) using a spectral data collection device for collecting spectral data of picture elements of the biological samples; (b) defining a spectral vector associated with picture elements representing a constant component of at least one of the biological samples; (c) using said spectral vector for defining a correcting function being selected such that when operated on spectral vectors associated with picture elements representing other constant components, spectral vectors of said other constant components are modified to substantially resemble said spectral vector; (d) operating said correcting function on spectral associated with at least the variable components for obtaining corrected spectral vectors thereof; and (e) classifying said corrected spectral vectors into classification groups.

Spectrophotometer

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた め要約のデータは記録されません。

Spectroscopic biological imaging, fluorescence hybridization and cell classification for biological research, medical diagnosis and therapy

Calibration method and apparatus for optical scanner

Correlation gas analyzer

A correlational gas analyzer, comprising a light source with the light beam passed through the gas under study with a quasiperiodic pattern of the spectral band, and an optical system with sequentially positioned along the light beam condensor, input slit iris, beam dispering element and rotatably mounted output slit iris configured as a disc with a slit shaped as an Archimedes spiral. The Archimedes spiral center is coincident with the disc center and its pitch is approximately equal to the scan length of the specified spectral band of the gas under study. The output slit iris scans the specified spectral band of the gas under study across a photoreceiver, the outputs whereof drive the inputs of a first and second electric signal amplifier, with the outputs thereof connected to connected in series corrector unit and recorder. The first amplifier is a tuned amplifier with resonant frequency defined by the speed of disc rotation and by the number of maxima or minima in the specified spectral band of the gas under study.

Method for calibration of spectroscopic sensors

(57)【要約】 【課題】 分光センサーのキャリブレーションの方法を提供する。 【解決手段】 分光システムは、サンプル領域の少なくとも１部に囲んでいる複数の壁を有している測定セルを具備している。このセルは、光入射ポート及び光射出ポートをさらに有している。各々のポートは、測定セル内の内部光路に沿った光線を通過する光透過窓を備えている。このシステムは、前記測定セル中へ前記入射光ポートを通過する光線を発生するための光源と、前記射出光ポートを通り前記測定セルを出て、オプティカルチャンバー内の外部光路に沿って通過する光線を測定するための検出器とを有しているオプティカルチャンバーをさらに具備している。さらに、ガス入口が、オプティカルチャンバーに接続されている。

Spectral luminance meter calibration method and calibration system operation program

Automated system and method for spectroscopic analysis

An automated method for modeling spectral data is provided, wherein the spectral data generated by one of diffuse reflectance, clear transmission, or diffuse transmission. The method includes accessing a set of spectral data, the set of spectral data including, corresponding spectral data for each of a plurality of samples, the spectral data for each of the plurality of samples having associated therewith at least one constituent value, the at least one constituent value being a reference value for a target substance in the sample which is measured by a independent measurement technique. A plurality of data transforms are applied to the set of spectral data to generate, for each sample, a set of transformed and untransformed spectral data. The set of transformed and untransformed spectral data, with its associated constituent values, is divided into a calibration sub-set and a validation sub-set, and one or more of a partial least squares, a principal component regression, a neural net, or a multiple linear regression analysis is applied to the transformed and untransformed calibration data sub-sets to obtain corresponding modeling equations for predicting the amount of the target substance in a sample. The modeling equation which provides the best correlation between the spectral data in the validation sub-set and the corresponding constituent values in the validation sub-set is identified, preferably as a function of the SEE and SEP.

Spectroscopic detection of cervical pre-cancer using radial basis function networks

This invention is an apparatus and methods for spectroscopic detection of tissue abnormality, particularly pre-cancerous cervical tissue, using neural networks (1000) to analyze in vivo measurements of fluorescence spectra. The invention excites fluorescence intensity spectra in both normal and abnormal tissue. This fluorescence spectroscopy data is used to train a group of neural networks, preferably radial basis function neural networks. Once trained, fluorescence spectroscopy data from unknown tissues samples is classified by the neural networks. This process is used to differentiate pre-cancers from normal tissues, and can also be used to differentiate high grade pre-cancers from low grade pre-cancers. One embodiment of the invention is able to distinguish pre-cancerous tissue from both normal squamous tissue and normal columnar tissue in a single stage analysis. The invention demonstrates significantly smaller variability in classification accuracy, resulting in more reliable classification, with superior sensitivity. Moreover, the signal stage embodiment of the invention simplifies the decision making process as compared to a two-stage embodiment.

Light source with adjustable wave length for oxyhemometer

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention refers to calibration of light-emitting diodes and their usage in noninvasive oxyhemometers. Approach makes it possible to tune light-emitting diodes 162 in given range by way of selection of their excitation current in order to generate precise length of wave. Approach ensures method of calibration and use of probe 150 of light-emitting diodes to obtain known value of shift in length of wave for known change in excitation current. In the general case principle of shift of length of wave to change excitation current in light-emitting diodes is employed to secure more precise calibration and additional flexibility in usage of sensors of light-emitting diodes especially when exact length of wave is needed to obtain precise measurements. Apart from it invention also guarantees system that does not require to know exact lengths of waves of light- emitting diodes, when exact lengths of waves were needed in the past and when method and device are used to establish working length of wave of light-emitting element such as light-emitting diode. EFFECT: enhanced functional reliability of light source. 31 cl, 15 dwg сср6ббс ПЧ сэ (19) РОССИЙСКОЕ АГЕНТСТВО ПО ПАТЕНТАМ И ТОВАРНЫМ ЗНАКАМ ВИ” 2 199 723. (51) МПК? 13) С2 С 01 у 3/10 12) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ (21), (22) Заявка: 98100085/28, 04.06.1996 (24) Дата начала действия патента: 04.06.1996 (30) Приоритет: 07.06.1995 Ш$ 08/478.493 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 21.10.1999 (46) Дата публикации: 27.02.2003 (56) Ссылки: УР 63128776 А, 01.06.1988. ($ 4621643 А, 11.11.1986. 4$ 3740570 А, 19.06.1977. УР 61271816 А, 02.12.1986. $4 1668920 А1,07.08.1991. (85) Дата перевода заявки РСТ на национальную фазу: 08.01.1998 (86) Заявка РСТ: 1$ 96/08631 (04.06.1996) (87) Публикация РСТ: М/О 96/41138 (19.12.1996) (98) Адрес для переписки: 103062, Москва, ул.Покровка, 27, стр.1ЛАГ, Кооперативное агентство интеллектуальной собственности "ИНТЭЛС", пат.пов. О.М.Дьяконовой, рег.№ 344 ...

Method for calibrating a spectroradiometer

본 발명은 분광 복사계(1)를 교정하기 위한 방법에 관한 것으로, 이러한 방법은: 교정될 분광 복사계(1)를 사용하여 적어도 하나의 표준 광원(4)의 복사의 측정을 통한 광 측정 데이터의 포착 단계; 포착된 광 측정 데이터를 표준 광원(4)의 알려진 데이터와의 비교를 통해 광 측정 데이터로부터 교정 데이터의 유도 단계; 및 교정 데이터에 따라 분광 복사계(1)의 교정 단계를 포함한다. 본 발명의 목적은, 분광 복사계(1)를 교정하기 위한 확실하고 실질적인 방법을 제공하는 것이다. 특히, 상이한 위치들(9, 10, 11)에 위치된 분광 복사계(1)의 동기화는 단순하고 확실하게 생성된다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 교정을 위한 표준 광원의 타당성, 즉 유용성은 표준 광원(4)의 광 측정 데이터와 동일한 유형의 하나 이상의 추가적인 표준 광원들(4)의 광 측정 데이터의 비교를 통해 검사되고, 표준 광원(4)의 타당성은, 서로로부터의 표준 광원들(4)의 광 측정 데이터의 편차가 미리 결정된 한계 값들 아래에 놓이는 경우, 구축되고, 및/또는 표준 광원(4)은 동일한 유형 또는 상이한 유형들의 2개 이상의 표준 분광 복사계들(1')을 사용하여 측정되고, 표준 광원(4)의 타당성은, 상이한 표준 분광 복사계들(1')을 사용하여 포착되는 서로로부터의 광 측정 데이터의 편차가 미리 결정된 임계값들 아래에 놓이는 경우, 구축된다. The present invention relates to a method for calibrating a spectroradiometer 1, which method comprises: capturing optical measurement data through measurement of radiation of at least one standard light source 4 using the spectroradiometer 1 to be calibrated. step; Deriving the calibration data from the light measurement data by comparing the captured light measurement data with known data of the standard light source 4; And a calibration step of the spectroradiometer 1 in accordance with the calibration data. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reliable and practical method for calibrating the spectroradiometer 1. In particular, the synchronization of the spectroradiometer 1 located at different positions 9, 10, 11 is produced simply and reliably. To achieve this purpose, the validity, ie availability, of a standard light source for calibration is examined by comparing the light measurement data of one or more additional standard light sources 4 of the same type with the light measurement data of the standard light source 4 and The validity of the standard light source 4 is established when the deviation of the light measurement data of the standard light sources 4 from each other lies below predetermined threshold values, and / or the standard light source 4 ...

Arrangement for spectral interferometric optical tomography and surface profile measurement

An arrangement is provided for optical surface profile measurement and for obtaining optical sectional images of transparent, partially transparent and opaque objects by the spectral interferometric OCT method. In the spectral interferometric OCT method, the depth position of the object locations from which light is diffusely reflected is given by the light diffusely reflected by the object through a Fourier transform. Because of the path difference between the object light and reference light which is required for this purpose, large spatial frequencies occur in the spectrum which impair the resolution capacity of this method. According to the invention, the reference light is used to measure the phase of the wavelength spectrum by use of discrete phase displacements from the measured spectral intensities. This is also possible when the path difference between the object light and reference light is zero and a worsening of resolution therefore does not occur in this case.

RAMAN SPECTROMETRY APPARATUS AND METHOD

기계의 변화를 측정하고 보정할 수 있는 라만 분광측정 기계는, 거의 단색광인 방사선원; 상기 방사선을 샘플 및 기준 물질과 동시에 연결하기 위한 수단; 하나보다 많은 파장에서 샘플의 회선형 라만 스펙트럼 및 기준 물질의 회선형 스펙트럼을 동시에 얻기 위한 수단; 상기 회선형 스펙트럼의 회선 함수를 결정하고, 상기 회선 함수를 적용하여 상기 샘플의 상기 회선형 라만 스펙트럼을 조절함으로써 상기 샘플의 표준의 라만 스펙트럼을 얻기 위한 수단을 포함함을 특징으로 한다. 샘플의 표준 라만 스펙트럼을 얻기 위한 수단을 포함함을 특징으로 한다. 샘플의 표준 라만 스펙트럼을 얻기 위한 방법은 (a) 샘플 및 기준 물질을 거의 단색광인 방사선원으로 동시에 조사하는 것; (b) 하나보다 많은 파장에서 상기 샘플의 회선형 라만 스펙트럼 및 상기 기준 물질의 회선형 스펙트럼을 동시에 획득하는 것; (c) 상기 기준 물질의 표준 스펙트럼을 선택하는 것; (d) 상기 샘플의 회선형 라만 스펙트럼, 상기 기준 물질의 회선형 스펙트럼 및 기준 물질의 표준 스펙트럼으로부터 상기 회선형 스펙트럼의 회선 함수를 결정하는 것; 및 (e) 상기 회선 함수를 적용하여 상기 샘플의 회선형 라만 스펙트럼을 조절함으로써 상기 샘플의 표준의 라만 스펙트럼을 얻는 것을 포함함을 특징으로 한다.

Spectral bio-imaging of the eye

A spectral bio-imaging method for enhancing pathologic, physiologic, metabolic and health related spectral signatures of an eye tissue, the method comprising the steps of (a) providing an optical device for eye inspection being optically connected to a spectral imager; (b) illuminating the eye tissue with light via the iris, viewing the eye tissue through the optical device and spectral imager and obtaining a spectrum of light for each pixel of the eye tissue; and (c) attributing each of the pixels a color according to its spectral signature, thereby providing an image enhancing the spectral signatures of the eye tissue.

Calibration reference light source and calibration system using the same

Satellite sensor radiation time sequence calibration method based on accurate sun-ground distance

本发明公开了一种基于精确日地距离的卫星传感器辐射时序定标方法，属于定量遥感技术领域，包括：构建卫星传感器数字输出值和大气表观辐亮度之间的线性关系，求解基础定标系数；精确计算卫星观测时刻的日地距离；根据基础定标系数与日地距离，求解可见光‑近红外通道辐射定标时序系数。本发明能够有效增加适合进行时空大数据分析的数据集的一致性，提升卫星传感器辐射定标的稳定性，有助于提高辐射定标精度。

Spectral imaging apparatus and methodology

A method and apparatus for an improved spectral imaging system is provided. The system is capable of measuring the fluorescence, luminescence, or absorption at selected locations on a sample plate. The emissions detection subassembly can tune to any wavelength within a continuum of wavelengths utilizing an interferometric spectral discriminator. The interferometric spectral discriminator creates an interferogram from which the wavelength spectra for each pixel of the array can be calculated, typically using Fourier transform analysis. In on aspect, the chromatic accuracy of the system is calibrated using a calibration slit placed in the input aperture of the input relay lens but outside of the sample image. The slit is illuminated using a source of known wavelength. The fringe count versus the wavelength of the slit illumination source is monitored and used to calibrate the spectral discriminator. In another aspect, a transparent optic is included in the interferometric spectral discriminator that can be inserted into the beam path whenever a monochrome image of the sample is required. The optic produces a large offset in the legs of the interferometer resulting in the fringe density becoming too large to resolve by the individual pixels of the detector array. In another aspect, the interferometric spectral discriminator includes a polarizing beam splitter. The polarizing beam splitter preferentially reflects one polarization while preferentially transmitting a second polarization, thus achieving improved efficiency while minimizing ghosting. In another aspect, a metaphase finder is used to locate areas of interest. The sample plate containing the material of interest is illuminated with light of a wavelength determined to preferentially scatter from objects the size of the metaphase spreads. The intensity of the scattered light versus the location on the sample plate is monitored and used to locate the areas of interest. Preferably the sample plate is also ...

Integrated micro spectrometer optical system based on free-form surface prism

本发明涉及一种基于自由曲面棱镜的一体式微型光谱仪光学系统，包括入射狭缝(1)、自由曲面棱镜(2)和像面(3)，所述的自由曲面棱镜(2)包括入瞳平面(201)、准直区域(202)、聚焦区域(204)和出射面(205)，所述的准直区域(202)和聚焦区域(204)上设有反射镜，所述的自由曲面棱镜(2)上还设有平面衍射光栅(203)，入射光线由入射狭缝(1)出射，经入瞳平面(201)入射后经准直区域(202)反射至平面衍射光栅(203)，衍射分光后的光线经聚焦区域(204)反射并经出射面(205)出射，聚焦在像面(3)成像。与现有技术相比，本发明具有高性能、构型紧凑和低成本等优点。

Image data processor, computer program product, and electronic endoscope system

An image data processor comprising an image signal receiver, a histogram generator, a gain calculator, an amplifier, and a signal feeder, is provided. The image signal receiver receives an autofluorescence image signal. The autofluorescence image signal is generated by an imaging device when the imaging device captures an autofluorescence image. The histogram generator generates a histogram of luminance in the autofluorescence image based on the autofluorescence image signal. The gain calculator calculates a gain based on the histogram and a predetermined luminance value. The amplifier amplifies the autofluorescence image signal by the gain. And then the amplifier generates an amplified autofluorescence image signal. The signal feeder outputs the amplified autofluorescence image signal to a monitor. The monitor displays an amplified autofluorescence image.

Image data processor, computer program product, and electronic endoscope system

An image data processor comprising an image signal receiver, a histogram generator, a gain calculator, an amplifier, and a signal feeder, is provided. The image signal receiver receives an autofluorescence image signal. The autofluorescence image signal is generated by an imaging device when the imaging device captures an autofluorescence image. The histogram generator generates a histogram of luminance in the autofluorescence image based on the autofluorescence image signal. The gain calculator calculates a gain based on the histogram and a predetermined luminance value. The amplifier amplifies the autofluorescence image signal by the gain. And then the amplifier generates an amplified autofluorescence image signal. The signal feeder outputs the amplified autofluorescence image signal to a monitor. The monitor displays an amplified autofluorescence image.

WAVELENGTH CALIBRATION METHOD OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION FILTERING DEVICE

SPECTROPHOTOMETER INTENDED FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES

Spectrophotomètre comprenant un dispositif d'éclairement, un monochromateur, au moins un trajet de rayon de mesure et un dispositif photométrique avec visualisation. Le trajet du rayon de mesure de la surface de l'objet 0 et le trajet du rayon réfléchi par l'objet 0 sont définis par un conducteur de lumière 1 commun dont une partie 11 transmet la lumière du dispositif d'éclairement 2 à l'objet 0 et dont l'autre partie 12 envoie la lumière réfléchie au monochromateur 3 dont le spectre est complètement reproduit sur une rangée de cellules photoélectriques 4 dont le signal est exploré périodiquement par une horloge 5 et visualisé sur un oscillographe 6. Application : diagnostic en médecine (mesure de coloration de la peau). Spectrophotometer comprising an illumination device, a monochromator, at least one measuring beam path and a photometric device with visualization. The path of the measuring ray of the surface of the object 0 and the path of the ray reflected by the object 0 are defined by a common light conductor 1, a part of which 11 transmits the light from the illumination device 2 to the object 0 and the other part of which 12 sends the reflected light to the monochromator 3, the spectrum of which is completely reproduced on a row of photoelectric cells 4, the signal of which is periodically explored by a clock 5 and displayed on an oscillograph 6. Application: diagnostic in medicine (measurement of skin color).

SPECTROMETER AND FLUID ANALYSIS SYSTEM

Un spectromètre, en particulier pour le montage dans un module de capteur d'un système d'analyse de fluide, comporte une source de rayonnement et les composants suivants qui définissent une trajectoire des rayons ou qui sont agencés le long de la trajectoire des rayons : un espace à échantillons (26) pour un fluide à examiner, une première lentille (44), un élément de diffraction (48), une deuxième lentille (50) et un détecteur (52). Une ouverture de limitation (46) pour la limitation du diamètre effectif du faisceau lumineux incident sur l'élément de diffraction (48) est prévue entre l'espace à échantillons (26) et l'élément de diffraction (48). A spectrometer, particularly for mounting in a sensor module of a fluid analysis system, comprises a radiation source and the following components which define a ray path or which are arranged along the path of the rays: a sample space (26) for a fluid to be examined, a first lens (44), a diffraction element (48), a second lens (50) and a detector (52). A limiting aperture (46) for limiting the effective diameter of the incident light beam on the diffraction element (48) is provided between the sample space (26) and the diffraction element (48).

SPECTROMETRY DEVICE FOR ANALYSIS OF A FLUID

Identification of unknown gases using infrared absorption spectroscopy

IDENTIFICATION OF UNKNOWN GASES USING INFRARED ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY Abstract of the Disclosure A method and apparatus for identifying an unknown gas by generating an infrared spectrum of the unknown gas using an infrared spectrophotometer that includes a circular variable interference filter, compressing the infrared spectrum of the unknown gas, and comparing the compressed infrared spectrum of the unknown gas to a library of compressed infrared spectra of reference compounds. After comparison, the compressed spectra that most closely match the unknown gas are decompressed and displayed. Because frequency characteristics of circular variable interference filters vary from filter to filter, information designating these frequency characteristics for the particular filter employed are used in generating the infrared spectrum of the unknown gas.

Method and apparatus for calibrating a laser wavelength control mechanism

Calibration of a wavelength adjustment mechanism (104) of a laser is achieved using a hollow cathode absorption lamp (114). The lamp is provided with a vaporous material having a precisely known wavelength of maximum absorption. A photo-detector (130) detects the amount of light from the laser beam absorbed by the vaporous material as a function of wavelength. The wavelength of the laser is adjusted to achieve maximum absorption such that the actual laser beam wavelength may be compared with an expected wavelength to determine a calibration offset. The hollow cathode lamp (114) is operated to produce a vaporous material of known absorption characteristic but is illuminated at a level substantially below a level required for conventional opto-galvanic resonance.

METHOD FOR CALIBRATING SPECTRAL RADIOMETERS

OPTICAL FIBER SPECTRO COLORIMETRY APPARATUS

L'INVENTION CONCERNE UN APPAREIL DE SPECTRO-COLORIMETRIE, COMPRENANT UNE CARTE OPTO-ELECTRONIQUE 12 SUR LAQUELLE SONT REGROUPES LES ELEMENTS ESSENTIELS DE L'APPAREIL, ET NOTAMMENT UN SPECTROMETRE 14 AVEC UNE FENTE D'ENTREE 16 ET UNE BARRETTE 18 DE PHOTODETECTEURS 20, DEUX VOIES D'ETALONNAGE 26 ET DEUX VOIES DE MESURE 28 A FIBRES OPTIQUES, LES EXTREMITES DES FIBRES OPTIQUES ETANT SUPERPOSEES DANS LA FENTE D'ENTREE 16 DU SPECTROMETRE. L'APPAREIL EST PARTICULIEREMENT DESTINE A ETRE UTILISE DANS UN ENVIRONNEMENT INDUSTRIEL. THE INVENTION CONCERNS A SPECTRO-COLORIMETRY APPARATUS, INCLUDING AN OPTO-ELECTRONIC CARD 12 ON WHICH THE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF THE APPARATUS ARE GROUPed, and in particular a SPECTROMETER 14 WITH AN INPUT SLOT 16 AND A BARRET 18 OF PHOTODETECTORS 20, TWO CALIBRATION CHANNELS 26 AND TWO MEASURING CHANNELS 28 WITH OPTICAL FIBERS, THE ENDS OF THE OPTICAL FIBERS BEING SUPERIMPOSED IN THE ENTRY SLOT 16 OF THE SPECTROMETER. THE APPLIANCE IS PARTICULARLY INTENDED FOR USE IN AN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT.

Spectrometer

CORRELATIONAL GAS ANALYZER

L'invention concerne un analyseur corrélationnel de gaz. Selon l'invention, il comprend une source 1 de radiation lumineuse, laquelle traverse le gaz à analyser 3 et un système optique 2 comprenant un condensateur 5, un diaphragme d'entrée 6 à fente, un moyen 7 de dispersion de la bande spectrale examinée et un diaphragme de sortie 8 à fente monté de manière à pouvoir tourner et ayant la forme d'un disque doté de fentes 9 régulièrement espacées suivant sa périphérie. Les centres des fentes 9 se trouvent à une même distance r du centre du disque et la distance l entre les centres de deux fentes 9 voisines est sensiblement égale à la longueur de balayage de la bande spectrale. Le diaphragme de sortie à fente 8 balaye la bande spectrale examinée DELTA lambda sur un photorécepteur 11 sur lequel sont branchés des amplificateurs 13, 14 dont l'un a une fréquence de résonance f1 déterminée par le rapport choisi de la vitesse N de rotation du disque, du nombre de maxima ou de minima dans la bande spectrale examinée DELTA lambda et du nombre k de fentes 9 du disque. L'invention s'applique notamment à l'industrie chimique.

Device for the evaluation of the effects of light on the skin and its application to the detection of skin pathologies.

METHOD FOR CALIBRATING SPECTRAL RADIOMETERS

L'invention concerne un procédé pour étalonner des radiomètres spectraux.Ce procédé est basé sur la mesure d'au moins un spectre d'un corps noir rayonnant, le spectre mesuré non étalonné est décrit au moyen d'un modèle de spectromètre radiométrique incluant explicitement l'influence de l'atmosphère et on considère le coefficient de transmission de l'atmosphère et les fonctions d'appareil telles que la sensibilité spectrale et le rayonnement spectral propre, sous la forme de fonctions paramétrisées du nombre d'onde ou de la longueur d'onde et au moyen d'un calcul d'ajustement gaussien non linéaire on termine les paramètres pour le calcul du coefficient spectral de transmission de l'atmosphère ainsi que les paramètres des fonctions d'appareil et la température d'émission du corps noir rayonnant.Application notamment à l'étalonnage de radiomètres spectraux et de spectromètres de Fourier. The invention relates to a method for calibrating spectral radiometers. This method is based on the measurement of at least one spectrum of a radiating black body, the measured uncalibrated spectrum is described by means of a radiometric spectrometer model explicitly including influence of the atmosphere and we consider the transmission coefficient of the atmosphere and the device functions such as spectral sensitivity and own spectral radiation, in the form of parameterized functions of the wavenumber or of the length waveform and by means of a nonlinear Gaussian fit calculation we complete the parameters for the calculation of the spectral transmission coefficient of the atmosphere as well as the parameters of the device functions and the emission temperature of the black body radiating.Application in particular to the calibration of spectral radiometers and Fourier spectrometers.