Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals

A hyperspectral holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) medium comprising broadband reflective properties may comprise dopants that result in a hyperspectral HPDLC with fast transitional switching speeds. Dopants may include alliform carbon particles, carbon nanoparticles, piezoelectric nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, a high dielectric anisotropy compound, semiconductor nanoparticles, electrically conductive nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, or the like. A technique for fabrication of hyperspectral broadband HPDLC mediums may involve dynamic variation of the holography setup during HPDLC formation and spatial multiplexing that may enable broadening of the HPDLC medium's wavelength response. Fabrication may include concurrently running multiple exposures and exploiting superpositioning of the resultant gratings. The hyperspectral HPDLC may be capable of blocking and/or filtering wavelengths in the range of approximately 390 nm to approximately 12 μm.

Systems and Methods for Fabricating a Multilayer Optical Structure

Systems and methods for fabricating optical elements in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method for fabricating an optical element, the method including providing a first optical substrate, depositing a first layer of a first optical recording material onto the first optical substrate, applying an optical exposure process to the first layer to form a first optical structure, temporarily erasing the first optical structure, depositing a second layer of a second optical recording material, and applying an optical exposure process to the second layer to form a second optical structure, wherein the optical exposure process includes using at least one light beam traversing the first layer. 1. A method of fabricating an optical element , the method comprising:providing a first optical substrate;depositing a first layer of a first optical recording material onto the first optical substrate;applying an optical exposure process to the first layer to form a first optical structure;temporarily erasing the first optical structure;depositing a second layer of a second optical recording material; andapplying an optical exposure process to the second layer to form a second optical structure, wherein the optical exposure process comprises using at least one light beam traversing the first layer.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:providing a second optical substrate, wherein the second layer is deposited onto the second optical substrate; andoverlapping the second optical substrate with the first optical substrate.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the second optical substrate is laterally or rotationally displaced relative to the first optical substrate.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:applying a first cover layer to the first layer; andapplying a second cover layer to the second layer.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one light beam is provided by an apparatus selected from the ...

Method for Holographic Mastering and Replication

A method for producing holograms with a multiplicity of holographic prescriptions from a single master is provided. A multiplicity of holographic substrates each containing a first hologram is stacked on a second holographic recording medium substrate. The first hologram is designed to diffract light from a first direction into a second direction. When expose to illumination from the first direction zero order and diffracted light from each first hologram interfere in the second holographic recording medium substrate forming a second hologram. The second hologram is then copied into a third holographic recording medium substrate to provide the final copy hologram.

METHOD OF PRODUCING VOLUME HOLOGRAM LAMINATE

A main object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a volume hologram laminate which can regenerate a hologram image in an arbitrary wavelength by a simple process. To attain the object, the present invention provides a method of producing a volume hologram laminate using a volume hologram forming substrate which comprises: a substrate, a volume hologram layer formed on the substrate and containing a photopolymerizable material, a resin layer, formed on the substrate so as to contact to the volume hologram layer, containing a resin and a polymerizable compound, characterized in that the producing method comprises processes of: a hologram recording process to record a volume hologram to the volume hologram layer, a substance transit process of transiting the polymerizable compound to the volume hologram layer, and an after-treatment process of polymerizing the polymerizable compound. 1. A volume hologram laminate comprising:a substrate,a volume hologram layer formed on the substrate and containing a photopolymerizable compound, in which a volume hologram is recorded by forming an interference fringe, anda volume hologram-laminated part formed so as to contact to the volume hologram layer and comprising a resin layer which contains a photopolymerizable compound, and a transparent resin selected from the group consisting of a polymethyl methacrylate resin, a polyvinyl acetate resin, and a polyester resin,wherein an interference fringe is formed in the resin layer, and wherein a period of the interference fringe formed in the volume hologram layer is bigger than a period of the interference fringe formed in the resin layer, anda period of the interference fringe formed in the resin layer is constant in the entire resin layer.2. The volume hologram laminate according to claim 1 , wherein a transmittance in visible light range of the volume hologram laminate has at least 2 minimal transparent wavelengths.3. A volume hologram transfer foil comprising ...

HOLOGRAPHIC STORAGE LAYER, HOLOGRAPHIC DISK USING THE SAME, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

A holographic storage layer includes a reflective structure and photosensitive units. The reflective structure is a grid-shaped structure and includes cavities. The photosensitive units are disposed in the cavities, in which each of the photosensitive units is surrounded by the reflective structure. First openings and second openings are defined by the reflective structure, and the photosensitive units are exposed by the first openings and the second openings respectively. 1. A method for manufacturing a holographic storage layer , comprising:forming a plurality of reflective layers on a plurality of strip-shaped photosensitive substances respectively;arranging the photosensitive substances in a parallel arrangement for making the photosensitive substances into a bundle-shape configuration, wherein a space between the reflective layers is filled with at least one adhesive unit to realize the bundle shape of the photosensitive substances; andcutting the photosensitive substances, wherein a cutting direction and a lengthwise direction of the photosensitive substances provided in the bundle-shape configuration are orthogonal.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the photosensitive substances is a bar made of one of an optical storage material and a photosensitive material.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the reflective layers is formed by coating reflective material.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the reflective layers is formed through vapor deposition of reflective material.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the photosensitive substances are arranged into an array.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein a combination of the photosensitive substances becomes at least one sheet structure after the cutting.7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:burnishing the sheet structure. The present application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/660,921, filed Mar. 17, 2015, which claims priority from Taiwanese ...

Holographic display

A display device includes an optical sensor configured to image a user eye, an image source configured to provide image light, a holographic film including a plurality of holograms, and a controller. Each hologram is recorded with a same reference beam but recorded differently so as to differently diffract image light received from the light source. The controller is configured to determine, via the optical sensor, a position of the user eye, and adjust, based on the determined position of the user eye, a state of the holographic film such that a particular hologram of the plurality of holograms diffracts image light to the position of the user eye.

HOLOGRAM RECORDING COMPOSITION, HOLOGRAM RECORDING MEDIUM, AND METHOD OF PRODUCING HOLOGRAM RECORDING MEDIUM

A hologram recording composition includes at least: a photopolymerizable compound containing at least a first photopolymerizable monomer; binder resin that is inactive to photopolymerization; and a photopolymerization initiator. A change in polarity of the first photopolymerizable monomer by photopolymerization reduces compatibility with the binder resin of the photopolymerizable compound than that before polymerization, the compatibility of the photopolymerizable compound before the polymerization being high. 1. A hologram recording composition , comprising at least:a photopolymerizable compound containing at least a first photopolymerizable monomer;binder resin that is inactive to photopolymerization; anda photopolymerization initiator, whereina change in polarity of the first photopolymerizable monomer by photopolymerization reduces compatibility with the binder resin of the photopolymerizable compound than that before polymerization, the compatibility of the photopolymerizable compound before the polymerization being high.2. The hologram recording composition according to claim 1 , whereina dipole moment of the first photopolymerizable monomer after the polymerization is reduced due to the photopolymerization by not less than 1.7 [debye] than the dipole moment of the first photopolymerizable monomer before the polymerization.4. The hologram recording composition according to claim 3 , whereinthe photopolymerizable monomer containing the group represented by the general formula (1) is phthalic anhydride, a derivative of phthalic anhydride, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride, or a derivative of 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride.5. The hologram recording composition according to claim 1 , whereinthe photopolymerizable compound contains a second photopolymerizable monomer that copolymerizes with the first photopolymerizable monomer.6. The hologram recording composition according to claim 5 , whereinthe second photopolymerizable monomer is a photopolymerizable ...

Holographic Recording Composition

A pressure sensitive holographic recording composition is described wherein the composition comprises diacetone acrylamide, glycerol and citric acid. The composition is capable of recording high diffraction efficiency reflection holograms. 124-. (canceled)25. A holographic recording composition comprising diacetone acrylamide , citric acid , and glycerol.26. The holographic recording composition as claimed in claim 25 , wherein the holographic recording composition is a pressure sensitive holographic recording composition claim 25 , wherein a colour change occurs in the image reconstructed from a hologram recorded in the composition in response to a change in pressure applied to the composition.27. The holographic recording composition as claimed in claim 26 , wherein sensitivity to change in pressure is manifested by a change in the wavelength of a reconstructed light from a reflection hologram recorded in such composition.28. The holographic recording composition as claimed in claim 25 , which is configured to record pressure sensitive holograms having a diffraction efficiency in the range 25% to 40% when recorded at a spatial frequency in the range of 2500 l/mm to 3500 l/mm.29. The holographic recording composition as claimed in claim 25 , further comprising a free radical generator claim 25 , a photoinitiator claim 25 , and a binder.30. The holographic recording composition as claimed in claim 29 , wherein the free radical generator is selected from the group consisting of triethanolamine (TEA) claim 29 , Diethanolamine (DEA) claim 29 , Ethanolamine (EA) claim 29 , Trethlyamine (TETN) claim 29 , Diethylamine (DETN) claim 29 , and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).31. The holographic recording composition according to claim 30 , wherein the free radical generator comprises triethanolamine.32. The holographic recording composition according to claim 31 , wherein the triethanolamine is present in an amount in the range of 20% w/w to 45% w/w.33. The holographic ...

Evacuated Periodic Structures and Methods of Manufacturing

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated periodic structures (EPSs). EPSs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) periodic structure. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured periodic structure provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays. 1. A method for fabricating a periodic structure , the method comprising:providing a holographic mixture on a base substrate;sandwiching the holographic mixture between the base substrate and a cover substrate, wherein the holographic mixture forms a holographic mixture layer on the base substrate;applying holographic recording beams to the holographic mixture layer to form a holographic polymer dispersed periodic structure comprising alternating polymer rich regions and non-reactive material rich regions; andremoving the cover substrate from the holographic polymer dispersed periodic structure, wherein the cover substrate has different properties than the base substrate to allow for the cover substrate to adhere to the unexposed holographic mixture layer while capable of being removed from the formed holographic polymer dispersed periodic structure after exposure.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing at least a portion of the non-reactive material in the non-reactive material rich regions to form a polymer periodic structure.3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising refilling the non-reactive material rich regions with a backfill material.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the backfill material has a different refractive index than the refractive index of the remaining ...

Evacuated Periotic Structures and Methods of Manufacturing

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated periodic structures (EPSs). EPSs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) periodic structure. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured periodic structure provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays. 1. A waveguide device comprising: a polymer regions;', 'air gaps between adjacent portions of the polymer regions;', 'an optical layer disposed between the polymer regions and the waveguide; and', 'a coating disposed on the tops of the polymer regions and the tops of the optical layer., 'a waveguide supporting a polymer grating structure for diffracting light propagating in total internal reflection in said waveguide, wherein the polymer grating structure comprises2. The waveguide device of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposited metallic layer or dielectric layer to enhance evanescent coupling between the waveguide and the polymer grating structure.3. The waveguide device of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposited metallic layer or dielectric layer to enhance the effective refractive index of the polymer grating structure.4. The waveguide device of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposited metallic layer or dielectric layer to enhance adhesion and/or perform as a bias layer.5. The waveguide device of claim 1 , wherein the coating comprises an atomic layer deposition (ALD) conformally deposited metallic layer or dielectric layer disposed over the entirety of the ...

Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Diffraction Grating

A camera system includes an image sensor assembly and a tunable optical element. The tunable optical element is a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal diffraction grating of alternating PDLC layers. The diffraction grating is tunable by applying an electric field to the optical element via a control element. The control element applies a voltage differential to the optical element inducing an electric field which changes the polarization of the PDLC within the optical element. The refractive index of the holographic grating is dependent on the polarization of the liquid crystals within the optical element. Applying the electric field to the tunable element changes the optical properties of the grating. 1. A camera system includingan image sensor assembly configured to capture images, the image sensor assembly centered about an optical axis; a first plurality of layers of a first material, wherein a first polarization of the first material is controllable by an applied electric field, each layer of the first plurality of layers having a first refractive index controllable by the first polarization of the first material in the first plurality of layers,', 'a second plurality of layers of a second material, wherein each layer of the second plurality of layers has a second refractive index controllable by a second polarization of the second material in the second plurality of layers,', 'wherein the first and second plurality of layers are alternately layered in a layer stack of the tunable optical element, and', 'wherein each of the first and the second plurality of layers have at least one respective arc-shaped cross sections having respective peaks aligned with the optical axis; and', 'a first control element coupled to the tunable optical element for applying a voltage differential to the first plurality of layers, the voltage differential creating the electric field controlling the first refractive index of the first plurality of layers of the tunable ...

SPATIALLY VARYING DYNAMIC RANGE IN HOLOGRAPHIC GRATINGS

Methods of recording a volume Bragg grating are provided. A recording medium is formed from a matrix polymer precursor, an inimer comprising a polymerizable functional group and a controlled radical reactive group, a first photoinitiator system that is more reactive with the polymerizable functional group than the controlled radical reactive group in the presence of an excitation source, and a photoredox catalyst. The medium is cured thereby forming a support matrix. The medium is exposed to light causing the first photoinitiator system to react with the polymerizable functional group and to polymerize the inimer within the support matrix thus forming a latent grating image of the volume Bragg grating within the medium. The latent grating image comprises a plurality of bright fringes and a plurality of dark fringes. A concentration of polymerized inimer is higher in the plurality of bright fringes than in the plurality of dark fringes. 1. A method of recording a volume Bragg grating , the method comprising: a matrix polymer precursor,', 'an inimer comprising a polymerizable functional group and a controlled radical reactive group,', 'a first photoinitiator system that is more reactive with the polymerizable functional group than the controlled radical reactive group in the presence of an excitation source, and', 'a photoredox catalyst;, 'forming a recording medium comprisingcuring the recording medium thereby forming a support matrix from the matrix polymer precursor;exposing the recording medium to light within a first wavelength range for a period of time, causing the first photoinitiator system to react with the polymerizable functional group of the inimer and to polymerize the inimer within the support matrix thus forming a latent grating image of the volume Bragg grating within the recording medium, wherein the latent grating image comprises a plurality of bright fringes and a plurality of dark fringes, and wherein a concentration of polymerized inimer is ...

Systems, devices, and methods for aperture-free hologram recording

Systems, devices, and methods for aperture-free hologram recording are described. The apertures typically used for hologram recording create unwanted secondary holograms by diffracting light. Aperture-free hologram recording eliminates these unwanted secondary holograms. Aperture-free hologram recording includes applying a mask to the holographic recording medium. The mask controls the size of the recorded hologram like an aperture but does not create unwanted secondary holograms. Hologram fringes are only present in the desired recording area and a thin boundary region. The mask may be present during recording, or the mask may be used to pre-bleach the holographic recording medium. Pre-bleaching the holographic recording medium renders a portion of the holographic recording medium insensitive to light, the hologram is recorded in the light-sensitive portions of the holographic recording medium.

TECHNIQUES FOR PROCESSING HOLOGRAPHIC RECORDING MEDIA

Various embodiments are generally directed to techniques for processing holographic recording media. Some embodiments are particularly directed to processing a raw holographic recording medium into an apodized holographic recording medium. For example, a raw holographic recording medium may include a plurality of photosensitive molecules uniformly distributed throughout that are able to record an interference pattern to create a hologram. However, when a photosensitive molecule is desensitized, such as by exposure to incoherent light, its photosensitivity is lost and the molecule may no longer be able to record an interference pattern of coherent light. Various embodiments described herein may include an apodized holographic recording medium that has been exposed to incoherent light in a manner to desensitize some photosensitive molecules therein such that the remaining photosensitive molecules have a non-uniform distribution. 1. An apparatus , comprising:a holographic recording medium to comprise a top surface, a bottom surface, and a set of photosensitive molecules with a uniform distribution between the top surface and the bottom surface;a first beam of incoherent light arranged at a first angle of incidence with respect to the top surface; anda second beam of incoherent light arranged at a second angle of incidence with respect to the bottom surface, the first and second beams of incoherent light to desensitize a first subset of the set of photosensitive molecules to leave a second subset of photosensitive molecules with a non-uniform distribution between the top surface and the bottom surface of the holographic recording medium.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , the non-uniform distribution to correlate to a non-uniform apodization function.3. The apparatus of claim 1 , the non-uniform distribution between the top and bottom surfaces of the holographic recording medium such that a lower concentration of photosensitive molecules is proximate the top and bottom ...

METHOD FOR HOLOGRAPHIC MASTERING AND REPLICATION

A method for producing holograms with a multiplicity of holographic prescriptions from a single master is provided. A multiplicity of holographic substrates each having a first hologram is stacked on a second holographic recording medium substrate. The first hologram is designed to diffract light from a first direction into a second direction. When expose to illumination from the first direction zero order and diffracted light from each first hologram interfere in the second holographic recording medium substrate forming a second hologram. The second hologram is then copied into a third holographic recording medium substrate to provide the final copy hologram. 1. A method for mastering and replicating holograms , the method comprising:a) providing N substrates each containing a first hologram for diffracting incident light from a first direction into diffracted light in a second direction; providing a second holographic recording medium; and providing a third holographic recording medium;b) stacking in sequence the first holograms 1-N onto said second holographic recording medium;c) illuminating external surface of said first hologram N with light of a first polarization in a first direction;d) said first holograms 1-N diffracting said light into zero order light in said first direction and diffracted light in said second direction;e) said first direction light and said second direction light interfering in said second holographic recording medium to form a second hologram;f) placing said second hologram in contact with said third holographic recording medium;g) illuminating external surface of said second hologram with light in said first direction;h) said second hologram diffracting said light into zero order light in said first direction and diffracted light in said second direction; andi) said diffracted and first order light interfering in said third holographic recording medium to form a third hologram.2. The method of wherein said steps c) to i) are repeated ...

Holographic Writing Method and Holographic Writing Apparatus

Disclosed are a holographic writing method and apparatus capable of re-writing (updating) holographic information and quickly writing the holographic information with high efficiency. In an embodiment, a holographic writing method for writing holographic information by emitting a beam at a holographic recording medium containing a photo-responsable polymer material having photoisomerization characteristics that change a molecular structure thereof by absorbing light energy, writes the holographic information by using a writing wavelength different from a maximum absorption wavelength in a light absorption spectrum of photoisomer molecule structures of the holographic recording medium. The maximum absorption wavelength is a wavelength at which light absorption rate is maximum in the light absorption spectrum. A difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the writing wavelength is less than a difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the maximum absorption wavelength. 1. A holographic writing method for writing holographic information by emitting a beam at a holographic recording medium containing a photo-responsable polymer material having photoisomerization characteristics that change a molecular structure thereof by absorbing light energy , the holographic writing method writes the holographic information by using a writing wavelength different from a maximum absorption wavelength in a light absorption spectrum of the photoisomer molecule structures of the holographic recording medium , wherein the maximum absorption wavelength is a wavelength at which light absorption rate is maximum in the light absorption spectrum , anda difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the writing wavelength is less than a difference between the light absorption rates of the photoisomer molecule structures at the maximum absorption wavelength.2. The ...

PREPARATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR POLYMER-DISPERSED LIQUID CRYSTAL HOLOGRAPHIC GRATING

A system includes a laser emitting a laser beam, a beam expander expanding the laser beam, a beam splitter prism splitting the expanded laser beam into first and second split light beams, a liquid crystal box containing polymer-dispersed liquid crystal, first and second reflectors reflecting the first and second split light beams to the liquid crystal box, respectively, and an attenuator arranged on an optical path between the beam expander and the liquid crystal box. The attenuator gradually attenuates at least one of the laser beam, the expanded laser beam, the first split light beam, or the second split light beam along a first set curve. The first split light beam and the second split light beam form interference fringes at the liquid crystal box to expose the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal to form a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating having a diffraction efficiency decreasing along a second set curve. 1. A system for preparing a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal holographic grating comprising:a laser configured to emit a laser beam;a beam expander configured to expand the laser beam to obtain an expanded laser beam;a beam splitter prism configured to split the expanded laser beam into a first split light beam and a second split light beam;a liquid crystal box containing polymer-dispersed liquid crystal;a first reflector configured to reflect the first split light beam to the liquid crystal box;a second reflector configured to reflect the second split light beam to the liquid crystal box; andan attenuator arranged on an optical path between the beam expander and the liquid crystal box, the attenuator being configured to gradually attenuate at least one of the laser beam, the expanded laser beam, the first split light beam, or the second split light beam along a first set curve;wherein the first split light beam and the second split light beam form interference fringes at the liquid crystal box to expose the polymer-dispersed liquid crystal to ...

Methods and Apparatus for Compensating Image Distortion and Illumination Nonuniformity in a Waveguide

Typical waveguides rely on total internal reflection between the outer surfaces of substrates, which can make them highly susceptible to beam misalignment caused by nonplanarity of the substrates. In the manufacturing of the glass sheets commonly used for substrates, ripples can occur during the stretching and drawing of glass as it emerges from a furnace. Although glass manufacturers try to minimize ripples using predictions from mathematical models, it is difficult to totally eradicate the problem from the glass manufacturing process. Typically, these beam misalignments manifest themselves as image distortions and non-uniformities in the output illumination from the waveguide. Many embodiments of the invention are directed toward optically efficient, low cost solutions to the problem of controlling output image quality in waveguides manufactured using commercially available substrate glass and to the problem of compensating the image distortions and non-uniformity of curved waveguides. 1. A waveguide comprising:a first substrate having first and second surfaces with a surface relief characteristic along a first direction on at least one of the surfaces of the first substrate;a second substrate having first and second surfaces with a surface relief characteristic along a second direction on at least one of the surfaces of the second substrate; andat least one optical layer for modifying at least one of phase, amplitude, and propagation direction of light in contact with the second surface of the first substrate and the first surface of the second substrate, wherein the first and second substrates are configured to confine light to a total internal reflection path,wherein the optical layer comprises a Bragg grating configured as an input grating, a fold grating, or an output grating.2. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the surface relief characteristic of the first substrate comprises a one-dimensional cyclic function.3. The waveguide of claim 1 , wherein the ...

PLASTIC FILM HAVING A UV-CURING ADHESIVE LAYER, FOR THE PROTECTION OF A HOLOGRAM IN A PHOTOPOLYMER FILM COMPOSITE

The invention relates to a sealed holographic medium comprising a layer construction containing a photopolymer layer and a sealing layer, to a process for producing the sealed holographic medium, to a kit of parts, to a layer construction for sealing and to the use thereof. 116.-. (canceled)17. A sealed holographic medium comprising a layer construction B′-C′-D , whereinB′ is a photopolymer layer containing a hologram, obtained from an unirradiated photopolymer B comprisingI) matrix polymers,II) writing monomers,III) photoinitiators,IV) optionally at least one non-photopolymerizable component,V) optionally catalysts, free-radical stabilizers, solvents, additives and other assistant and/or added substances,wherein the photopolymer layer B′ is at least partly joined to the layer C′,C′ is an at least partly actinic-radiation-cured areal layer obtainable from a curable layer C comprisingI) at least one multifunctional acrylate,II) at least one photoinitiator andIII) optionally assistant and added substances andD is an areal substrate layer at least partly joined to layer C′,wherein all multifunctional acrylates of the curable layer C are identical to at least one writing monomer of the unirradiated photopolymer layer B.18. The sealed holographic medium according to claim 17 , wherein the photopolymer layer B′ is at least partly joined on one side to an areal substrate layer A claim 17 , wherein the layers are arranged directly atop one another in the sequence A-B′-C′-D claim 17 , wherein the substrate layer A is a transparent thermoplastic substrate layer or another carrier.19. The sealed holographic medium according to claim 17 , wherein the back of the photopolymer layer B′ is at least partly joined to a second at least partly actinic-radiation-cured layer C′ claim 17 , wherein the second layer C′ is on the other side at least partly joined to an areal substrate layer D claim 17 , wherein the layers are arranged directly atop one another in the sequence D-C′-B′-C′-D. ...

Fast band pass holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal

A hyperspectral holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) medium comprising broadband reflective properties comprises dopants that result in a hyperspectral HPDLC with fast transitional switching speeds. A technique for fabrication of hyperspectral broadband HPDLC mediums involves dynamic variation of the holography setup during HPDLC formation, enabling the broadening of the HPDLC medium's wavelength response. Dopants may include carbon nanoparticles, piezoelectric nanoparticles, multiwalled carbon nanotubes, a high dielectric anisotropy compound, semiconductor nanoparticles, electrically conductive nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, or the like. The hyperspectral HPDLC having fast switching speeds may be used to form a mirror stack with electrically-switchable beam steering capability.

Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Mixtures with High Diffraction Efficiency and Low Haze

Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal material systems in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal formulation, including monomers, photoinitiators, and a liquid crystal mixture including terphenyl compounds and non-terphenyl compounds, the liquid crystal mixture having a ratio of at least 1:10 by weight percentage of the terphenyl compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds, wherein the photoinitiators are configured to facilitate a photopolymerization induced phase separation process of the monomers and the liquid crystal mixture. In another embodiment, the liquid crystal mixture further includes pyrimidine compounds, and wherein the liquid crystal mixture has a ratio of at least 1:10 by weight percentage of the terphenyl compounds and pyrimidine compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds. In a further embodiment, the ratio of the terphenyl compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds is at least 1.5:10.

MOISTURE-STABLE HOLOGRAPHIC MEDIA

The invention relates to novel compounds which are especially suitable for use as writing monomers in holographic media. The invention further provides a photopolymer and a holographic medium comprising the inventive compounds, and an optical display, a security document and a holographic optical element comprising an inventive holographic medium. 115-. (canceled)17. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein at least one of the Rradicals is selected from the group of phenyl claim 16 , phenylthiyl claim 16 , phenylthiylphenylthiyl claim 16 , alkylphenyl claim 16 , alkylphenylthiyl claim 16 , biphenyl.18. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein Ar is a radical of the formula (II).19. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein o=1.20. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein Ris a radical selected from the group of —CH—CH— claim 16 , —CH—CH—CH— claim 16 , —CH—CHCH— claim 16 , —CH—CH—CH—CH—.21. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein the matrix polymers are crosslinked matrix polymers claim 16 , preferably three-dimensionally crosslinked matrix polymers and most preferably are three-dimensionally crosslinked polyurethanes.22. The photopolymer according to claim 16 , wherein it comprises monomeric fluorourethanes.23. A holographic medium comprising a photopolymer according to .24. The holographic medium according to claim 23 , wherein it is a film claim 23 , preferably with a film thickness of 0.3 μm to 500 μm claim 23 , more preferably with a film thickness of 0.5 μm to 200 μm and yet more preferably with a film thickness of 1 μm to 100 μm.25. The holographic medium according to claim 23 , wherein at least one hologram was recorded into the holographic medium.26. An optical display comprising a holographic medium according to .27. A security document comprising a holographic medium according to .28. A holographic optical element comprising a holographic medium according to .30. A method comprising utilizing the compound of the ...

Spatial deposition of resins with different functionality on different substrates

Techniques disclosed herein relate to optical devices. Resins with different optical properties can be deposited in different areas to provide increased optical functionality. It can be difficult to design a single photopolymer material that meets several technical requirements. Different resins can be deposited on the same substrate to make a single film with spatially varying properties. Different resins can also be applied to different substrates in a stack. By using different resins, an optical component can be made that meets several technical requirements.

Spatial deposition of resins with different functionality

Techniques disclosed herein relate to optical devices. Resins with different optical properties can be deposited in different areas to provide increased optical functionality. It can be difficult to design a single photopolymer material that meets several technical requirements. Different resins can be deposited on the same substrate to make a single film with spatially varying properties. Different resins can also be applied to different substrates in a stack. By using different resins, an optical component can be made that meets several technical requirements.

Methods and Apparatuses for Providing a Waveguide Display with Angularly Varying Optical Power

Systems and methods for waveguide displays with angularly varying optical power in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a waveguide display including a source of image modulated light projected over a field of view, and a waveguide including at least one output grating with an optical prescription providing angularly varying optical power for focusing the field of view onto an external surface. In another embodiment, the at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a first focal length for focusing a first FOV portion onto a first area of the surface and a second focal length for focusing a second FOV portion onto a second area of the surface. In still another embodiment, the at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a continuously varying focal length across at least a portion of the FOV. 1. A waveguide display comprising:a source of image modulated light projected over a field of view; anda waveguide comprising at least one output grating with an optical prescription providing angularly varying optical power for focusing said field of view onto an external surface.2. The waveguide display of claim 1 , wherein said at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing at least two different focal lengths across said FOV.3. The waveguide display of claim 1 , wherein said at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a first focal length for focusing a first FOV portion onto a first area of said surface and a second focal length for focusing a second FOV portion onto a second area of said surface.4. The waveguide display of claim 1 , wherein said at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a continuously varying focal length across at least a portion of said FOV.5. The waveguide display of claim 1 , wherein said external surface subtends an ...

Transparent waveguide display providing upper and lower fields of view having a specific light output aperture configuration

One embodiment provides an apparatus for displaying an image comprising: a first optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate light in a first direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the first optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract the light from the first substrate along the first direction; and a second optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate the light in a second direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the second optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract light from the second substrate along the second direction; wherein the at least one grating lamina of at least one of the first and second optical substrates comprises an SBG in a passive mode.

Method for holographic mastering and replication

A method for producing holograms with a multiplicity of holographic prescriptions from a single master is provided. A multiplicity of holographic substrates each having a first hologram is stacked on a second holographic recording medium substrate. The first hologram is designed to diffract light from a first direction into a second direction. When expose to illumination from the first direction zero order and diffracted light from each first hologram interfere in the second holographic recording medium substrate forming a second hologram. The second hologram is then copied into a third holographic recording medium substrate to provide the final copy hologram.

Systems and methods for fabricating a multilayer optical structure

Systems and methods for fabricating optical elements in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method for fabricating an optical element, the method including providing a first optical substrate, depositing a first layer of a first optical recording material onto the first optical substrate, applying an optical exposure process to the first layer to form a first optical structure, temporarily erasing the first optical structure, depositing a second layer of a second optical recording material, and applying an optical exposure process to the second layer to form a second optical structure, wherein the optical exposure process includes using at least one light beam traversing the first layer.

Systems and methods for improving the performance of a photorefractive device

A photorefractive device (100) and method of manufacture are disclosed. The device (100) comprises a layered structure in which one or more polymer layers (110) are interposed between a photorefractive material (106) and at least one transparent electrode layer (104). The layered structure is further interposed between a plurality of substrates (102). When a bias is applied to the device (100), the device (100) exhibits an increase in signal efficiency of approximately three to four times that of similar, but non-buffered, devices. Concurrently, the device (100) of the present disclosure utilizes approximately half the biased voltage, advantageously resulting in a longer device lifetime.

Transparent waveguide display for tiling a display having plural optical powers using overlapping and offset FOV tiles

One embodiment provides an apparatus for displaying an image comprising: a first optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate light in a first direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the first optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract the light from the first substrate along the first direction; and a second optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate the light in a second direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the second optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract light from the second substrate along the second direction; wherein the at least one grating lamina of at least one of the first and second optical substrates comprises an SBG in a passive mode.

Method for holographic mastering and replication

A method for producing holograms with a multiplicity of holographic prescriptions from a single master is provided. A multiplicity of holographic substrates each containing a first hologram (11-14) is stacked on a second holographic recording medium (40) on a substrate (50). The first hologram is designed to diffract light from a first direction (1000,1015-1018) into a second direction (1011-1014). Optionally, a half wave plate (20) and a linear polarizer (30) are provided between the first hologram stack (10) and the second holographic medium (40). When exposed to illumination from the first direction (1000) zero order and diffracted light from each first hologram interfere in the second holographic recording medium forming a second hologram. The second hologram (40) is then copied into a third holographic recording medium (70) on a substrate (60) to provide the final copy hologram.

Systems and methods for fabricating a multilayer optical structure

Systems and methods for fabricating optical elements in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a method for fabricating an optical element, the method including providing a first optical substrate, depositing a first layer of a first optical recording material onto the first optical substrate, applying an optical exposure process to the first layer to form a first optical structure, temporarily erasing the first optical structure, depositing a second layer of a second optical recording material, and applying an optical exposure process to the second layer to form a second optical structure, wherein the optical exposure process includes using at least one light beam traversing the first layer.

Volume phase hologram with liquid crystal in microvoids between fringes

Composite holograms are disclosed wherein microvoids between the holographic interference fringes are filled with a liquid crystal. The diffraction efficiency and other holographic properties of such composite holograms may be varied by external stimuli, e.g., application of an electric field of thermal energy.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octancic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of a surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without a surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission, reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed. In addition, PDLC materials in accordance with the present invention can be used to form switchable slanted transmission gratings suitable for switchable optical coupling and reconfigurable optical interconnects.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material of the present invention offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

System and method for modulating light intesity

The present invention relates to a light intensity modulator that employs a hologram. In one embodiment, the light intensity modulator includes an electrical circuit and a holographic optical element containing the hologram. The holographic optical element is electrically coupled to and receives a variable voltage generated by the electric circuit. Additionally, the holographic optical element receives an input light from a light source. The holographic optical element receives and diffracts the input light to produce first and second output lights. An intensity of the first output light varies directly with the magnitude of the voltage. An intensity of the second output light varies indirectly with the magnitude of the voltage. The first and second output lights define a non-zero angle therebetween.

Photopolymer media with enhanced dynamic range

Dynamic range enhancing dopants for photopolymeric media are described. Also described are optical articles using these dopants and methods for making such optical articles.

Holographic display

A display device includes an optical sensor configured to image a user eye, an image source configured to provide image light, a holographic film including a plurality of holograms, and a controller. Each hologram is recorded with a same reference beam but recorded differently so as to differently diffract image light received from the light source. The controller is configured to determine, via the optical sensor, a position of the user eye, and adjust, based on the determined position of the user eye, a state of the holographic film such that a particular hologram of the plurality of holograms diffracts image light to the position of the user eye.

Methods and systems for minimizing haze during holographic recording

Methods and systems for forming holographic gratings are described herein. The methods and systems may decrease the amount of haze produced during exposure of a holographic recording medium. In some embodiments, the methods and systems include a holographic recording medium; a master hologram containing a grating; and a light source and moveable deflector configured to diffract light through the master hologram into the holographic medium to form a holographic interference pattern. The moveable deflector is configured to move in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the grating. Advantageously, moving the light in this direction allows the holographic interference pattern to remain stationary while there is a spatio-temporal displacement and cancellation of unwanted intensity nonuniformities.

Apparatus for copying a hologram

A holographic recording apparatus comprises: a source of illumination (2); a master hologram (1) containing at least one hologram lamina (20) overlaying; a copy substrate (50) containing a holographic recording medium; and a voltage generator (40) for applied a voltage across at least one of said master hologram and said copy substrate. The master hologram diffracts the illumination light (100) into zero order light (102, 104) and diffracted light (101, 103) which interfere in the copy substrate to form a copy of the master hologram. The source of illumination is applied for a predefined exposure time during which the voltage varies the refractive index modulation of at least one of the master hologram and the copy hologram.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. The material is a new composition for a polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) comprising a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional penta acrylate monomer, with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. The preferred components and concentrations are the monomer dipentaerythritol hydroxy penta acrylate, ∩10-40 wt.% of the liquid crystal E7, 5-15 wt.% of the cross-linking monomer N-vinylpyrrollidone, 10?-3 to 10-4¿ gram moles of the coinitiator N- phenylglycine, and 10?-5 to 10-6¿ gram moles of the photoinitiator Rose Bengal. About 6 wt.% of the surfactant octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed with coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100 % diffraction efficiency and nearly 0 % diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The use of the surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without the surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a new PDLC material can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a new photopolymerizable material can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed.

Transmission type laminated hologram optical element and image display device comprising this optical element

The present invention is directed to a transmission type laminated hologram optical element constituting an image display apparatus, wherein plural transmission type hologram optical elements ( 13 ), ( 14 ), ( 15 ) where diffraction acceptance incident angles are different from each other are laminated. The respective transmission type hologram optical elements are adapted so that outgoing angles with respect to center incident angles of respective diffraction acceptance incident angles at an arbitrary wavelength of the visible region are different from each other, whereby a diffraction acceptance angle of incident light can be broadened, light utilization efficiency is permitted to be high, and distance with respect to color pixels of the spatial light modulation element can be optimally set from viewpoints of light utilization efficiency.

Transparent waveguide display

One embodiment provides an apparatus for displaying an image comprising: a first optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate light in a first direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the first optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract the light from the first substrate along the first direction; and a second optical substrate comprising at least one waveguide layer configured to propagate the light in a second direction, wherein the at least one waveguide layer of the second optical substrate comprises at least one grating lamina configured to extract light from the second substrate along the second direction; wherein the at least one grating lamina of at least one of the first and second optical substrates comprises an SBG in a passive mode.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made is with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material of the present invention offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between early 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material of the present invention offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material of the present invention offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Switchable volume hologram materials and devices

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Electrically switchable polymer dispersed liquid crystal materials including transmissive holographic gratings

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer, in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside, the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octancic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of a surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without a surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission, reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed. In addition, PDLC materials in accordance with the present invention can be used to form switchable slanted transmission gratings suitable for switchable optical coupling and reconfigurable optical interconnects.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octancic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains. Volume transmission gratings made with the new PDLC material can be electrically switched between nearly 100% diffraction efficiency and nearly 0% diffraction efficiency. By increasing the frequency of the switching voltage, switching voltages in the range of 50 Vrms can be achieved. The optional use of a surfactant allows low switching voltages at lower frequencies than without a surfactant. In an alternative embodiment, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be utilized to form reflection gratings, including switchable reflection gratings. In still further embodiments, a PDLC material in accordance with the invention can be used to form switchable subwavelength gratings. By further processing, static transmission, reflection, and subwavelength PDLC materials can be formed. In addition, PDLC materials in accordance with the present invention can be used to form switchable slanted transmission gratings suitable for switchable optical coupling and reconfigurable optical interconnects.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octancic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials including switchable optical couplers and reconfigurable optical interconnects

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. A method for preparing a switchable grating can comprise the steps of placing a mixture between a first and second slide, wherein the mixture has a photopolymerizable monomer, a second phase material, a photoinitiator dye, and a chain extender or cross-linker. The mixture is exposed to a laser and optical intensity pattern is applied to induce photopolymerization. A method for recording slanted reflection gratings can comprise the steps of placing a sample between a first and second glass prism, the sample comprising a polymerizable monomer, a liquid crystal, a chain-extending monomer, a coinitiator, and a photoinitiator. An incident light is split into two beams, wherein the beams enter the sample from opposite sides. The first and second prism are rotated to adjust the slant of the grating.

Electrically switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal materials

A new photopolymerizable material allows single-step, fast recording of volume holograms with properties that can be electrically controlled. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) in accordance with the invention preferably comprise a homogeneous mixture of a nematic liquid crystal and a multifunctional pentaacrylate monomer in combination with photoinitiator, coinitiator and cross-linking agent. Optionally, a surfactant such as octanoic acid may also be added. The PDLC material is exposed to coherent light to produce an interference pattern inside the material. Photopolymerization of the new PDLC material produces a hologram of clearly separated liquid crystal domains and cured polymer domains.

Dynamic Liquid Crystal Gel Holograms

A dynamic hologram is formed in anisotropic liquid crystal (LC) gel materials. By applying an electric field, the orientation of part of the liquid crystals can be altered and the hologram can be turned on and off. Using LC gels allows for holographic elements with no diffraction in the voltage off state so that the hologram appears only during application of an electric field. Also, the anisotropic LC gels maintain polarization dependence. The dynamic holograms are suitable in e.g. dynamic holographic optical components whereby an optical function can be included/excluded in a beam path without introducing or removing elements.

Methods and apparatus for compensating image distortion and illumination nonuniform ity in a waveguide

Typical waveguides rely on total internal reflection between the outer surfaces of substrates, which can make them highly susceptible to beam misalignment caused by nonplanarity of the substrates. In the manufacturing of the glass sheets commonly used for substrates, ripples can occur during the stretching and drawing of glass as it emerges from a furnace. Although glass manufacturers try to minimize ripples using predictions from mathematical models, it is difficult to totally eradicate the problem from the glass manufacturing process. Typically, these beam misalignments manifest themselves as image distortions and non-uniformities in the output illumination from the waveguide. Many embodiments of the invention are directed toward optically efficient, low cost solutions to the problem of controlling output image quality in waveguides manufactured using commercially available substrate glass and to the problem of compensating the image distortions and non-uniformity of curved waveguides.

Methods and apparatuses for providing a waveguide display with angularly varying optical power

Systems and methods for waveguide displays with angularly varying optical power in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a waveguide display including a source of image modulated light projected over a field of view, and a waveguide including at least one output grating with an optical prescription providing angularly varying optical power for focusing the field of view onto an external surface. In another embodiment, the at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a first focal length for focusing a first FOV portion onto a first area of the surface and a second focal length for focusing a second FOV portion onto a second area of the surface. In still another embodiment, the at least one output grating includes at least one grating prescription providing a continuously varying focal length across at least a portion of the FOV.

透明波导显示装置

一个实施例提供一种用来显示图像的设备，所述设备包括：第一光学基片，所述第一光学基片包括至少一个波导层，所述至少一个波导层被构造用来沿第一方向传播光，其中所述第一光学基片的至少一个波导层包括至少一个光栅薄层，所述至少一个光栅薄层被构造用来沿所述第一方向从所述第一基片提取所述光；和第二光学基片，所述第二光学基片包括至少一个波导层，所述至少一个波导层被构造用来沿第二方向传播所述光，其中所述第二光学基片的至少一个波导层包括至少一个光栅薄层，所述至少一个光栅薄层被构造用来沿所述第二方向从所述第二基片提取光。其中所述第一和第二光学基片的至少一个的至少一个光栅薄层包括处于被动模式的SBG。

Transparent waveguide display

透明波导显示装置

一个实施例提供一种用来显示图像的设备，所述设备包括：第一光学基片，所述第一光学基片包括至少一个波导层，所述至少一个波导层被构造用来沿第一方向传播光，其中所述第一光学基片的至少一个波导层包括至少一个光栅薄层，所述至少一个光栅薄层被构造用来沿所述第一方向从所述第一基片提取所述光；和第二光学基片，所述第二光学基片包括至少一个波导层，所述至少一个波导层被构造用来沿第二方向传播所述光，其中所述第二光学基片的至少一个波导层包括至少一个光栅薄层，所述至少一个光栅薄层被构造用来沿所述第二方向从所述第二基片提取光。其中所述第一和第二光学基片的至少一个的至少一个光栅薄层包括处于被动模式的SBG。

Holographic optical device and manufacturing method therefor

基于全息聚合物分散液晶光栅的彩色三维全息图的制备方法

本发明提供了一种基于全息聚合物分散液晶光栅的彩色三维全息图的制备方法。在波长为441.6nm的激光干涉场中，首先采用全息摄影技术制得存储有被摄物体反射（或透射）光波信息（振幅、相位）的全息母板，再利用物光在布拉格角方向上照射全息母板产生衍射光，该衍射光和参考光同时照射由光敏剂、共引发剂、可进行自由基聚合的单体和液晶制得的全息底板，当到达全息底板的两束激光的总光程相当时，二者在全息底板上发生光学相干，制得日光下可以观察到被摄物体图像的基于全息聚合物分散液晶光栅的彩色三维全息图。

높은 회절 효율과 낮은 헤이즈를 갖는 홀로그래픽 폴리머 분산형 액정 혼합물

본 발명의 다양한 실시 형태에 따른 홀로그래픽 폴리머 분산형 액정 재료 시스템이 설명된다. 한 실시 형태는 홀로그래픽 폴리머 분산형 액정 제제(formulation)를 포함하고, 이 홀로그래픽 폴리머 분산형 액정 제제는 모노머, 광개시제, 및 테르페닐 화합물과 비-테르페닐 화합물을 포함하는 액정 화합물을 포함하고, 액정 혼합물은, 테르페닐 화합물 : 비-테르페닐 화합물이 적어도 1:10의 중량 퍼센트의 비를 가지며, 광개시제는 모노머와 액정 혼합물의 광중합 유도 상(phase)분리 과정을 촉진시키도록 구성되어 있다. 다른 실시 형태에서, 액정 혼합물은 피리미딘 화합물을 더 포함하고, 액정 혼합물은 테르페닐 화합물과 피리미딘 화합물 : 비-테르페닐 화합물의 적어도 1:10의 비를 갖는다. 추가 실시 형태에서, 테르페닐 화합물 : 비-테르페닐 화합물의 비는 적어도 1.5:10 이다.

System for copying multiple holograms

A hologram copying system that includes a first reconstruction beam, a second reconstruction beam that is incoherent with respect to the first reconstruction beam, a first master hologram responsive to the first reconstruction beam for producing a first diffracted beam, a second master hologram responsive to the second reconstruction beam for producing a second diffracted beam, and a holographic recording layer responsive to the first and second reconstruction beams and the first and second diffracted beams, whereby a first hologram is formed by interference of the first reconstruction beam and the first diffracted beam, and a second hologram is formed by interference of the second reconstruction beam and the second diffracted beam.

Hologram element, production method thereof, and optical header

A method of producing a hologram element is disclosed that is able to prevent spread of a polymerization reaction and light leakage during exposure with interference light, and improve productivity in mass production. The hologram element is for transmitting, reflecting, diffracting, or scattering incident light, and includes a pair of substrates, an isolation member between the substrates that forms an isolated region, and a photo-sensitive recording material sealed in the isolated region. The hologram element includes a periodic structure formed by exposing the recording material to interference light. The interference light is generated by two or more light beams, or by using a master hologram. The recording material is formed from a composite material including a polymerized polymer or a polymerized liquid crystal. The periodic structure is formed by exposing the recording material to the interference light to induce the polymerization reaction and phase separation in the composite material.

Systems and methods for manufacturing waveguide cells

Systems for the manufacturing of waveguide cells in accordance with various embodiments can be configured and implemented in many different ways. In many embodiments, various deposition mechanisms are used to deposit layer(s) of optical recording material onto a transparent substrate. A second transparent substrate can be provided, and the three layers can be laminated to form a waveguide cell. Suitable optical recording material can vary widely depending on the given application. In some embodiments, the optical recording material deposited has a similar composition throughout the layer. In a number of embodiments, the optical recording material spatially varies in composition, allowing for the formation of optical elements with varying characteristics. Regardless of the composition of the optical recording material, any method of placing or depositing the optical recording material onto a substrate can be utilized.

Holographically-formed polymer dispersed liquid crystals with multiple gratings

A multicolored reflection liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates having a reflective holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC) film disposed therebetween. The H-PDLC film contains at least two different reflection gratings capable of reflecting two different wavelengths of light. A multicolored reflection H-PDLC is obtained by simultaneously illuminating a plurality of regions of a film comprised of a mixture of a liquid crystal and a photo-polymerizable monomer with a plurality of holographic light patterns capable of providing liquid crystal layers of different spacings so as to obtain different reflection gratings in each of the regions. A mask is placed between each of the laser light beams and the film to form a pattern of light and dark regions on the film. Each mask is positioned such that at least one light region of a first beam pair coincides with at least one dark region of a second beam pair within the film. A multiple grating liquid crystal display device including an H-PDLC film having a first region comprising liquid crystal and matrix polymer layers forming a transmission grating and a second region comprising liquid crystal and matrix polymer layers forming a reflection grating capable of reflecting a preselected wavelength of light also is described.

Systems and methods for high volume manufacturing of waveguides

Systems and methods for recording holographic gratings in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a holographic recording system including a first movable platform configured to support a first plurality of waveguide cells for exposure, at least one master grating, and at least one laser source configured to provide a set of recording beams by directing light towards the at least one master grating, wherein the first movable platform is translatable in predefined steps along at least one of two orthogonal directions, and wherein at each the predefined step at least one waveguide cell is positioned to be illuminated by at least one recording beam within the set of recording beams.

Switchable polymer-dispersed liquid crystal optical elements

Transmission and reflection type holograms may be formed utilizing a novel polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) material and its unique switching characteristics to form optical elements. Applications for these switchable holograms include communications switches and switchable transmission, and reflection red, green, and blue lenses. The PDLC material of the present invention offers all of the features of holographic photopolymers with the added advantage that the hologram can be switched on and off with the application of an electric field. The material is a mixture of a polymerizable monomer and liquid crystal, along with other ingredients, including a photoinitiator dye. Upon irradiation, the liquid crystal separates as a distinct phase of nanometer-size droplets aligned in periodic channels forming the hologram. The material is called a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (H-PDLC).

Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal mixtures with high diffraction efficiency and low haze

Holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal material systems in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal formulation, including monomers, photoinitiators, and a liquid crystal mixture including terphenyl compounds and non- terphenyl compounds, the liquid crystal mixture having a ratio of at least 1:10 by weight percentage of the terphenyl compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds, wherein the photoinitiators are configured to facilitate a photopolymerization induced phase separation process of the monomers and the liquid crystal mixture. In another embodiment, the liquid crystal mixture further includes pyrimidine compounds, and wherein the liquid crystal mixture has a ratio of at least 1:10 by weight percentage of the terphenyl compounds and pyrimidine compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds. In a further embodiment, the ratio of the terphenyl compounds to the non-terphenyl compounds is at least 1.5:10.

Systems and methods for high volume manufacturing of waveguides

Systems and methods for recording holographic gratings in accordance with various embodiments of the invention are illustrated. One embodiment includes a holographic recording system including a first movable platform configured to support a first plurality of waveguide cells for exposure, at least one master grating, and at least one laser source configured to provide a set of recording beams by directing light towards the at least one master grating, wherein the first movable platform is translatable in predefined steps along at least one of two orthogonal directions, and wherein at each the predefined step at least one waveguide cell is positioned to be illuminated by at least one recording beam within the set of recording beams.

도파관 셀을 제조하기 위한 시스템 및 방법

다양한 실시형태에 따른 도파관 셀을 제조하기 위한 시스템은 많은 상이한 방식으로 구성 및 구현될 수 있다. 많은 실시형태에서, 투명 기판 상에 광학 레코딩 재료의 층(들)을 퇴적하기 위해 다양한 퇴적 메커니즘이 사용된다. 제 2 투명 기판이 제공될 수 있고, 3 개의 층을 적층하여 도파관 셀을 형성할 수 있다. 적절한 광학 레코딩 재료는 주어진 용도에 따라 크게 달라질 수 있다. 일부의 실시형태에서, 퇴적된 광학 레코딩 재료는 층 전체에 걸쳐 유사한 조성을 갖는다. 다수의 실시형태에서, 광학 레코딩 재료는 조성이 공간적으로 변화하여 다양한 특성을 갖는 광학 요소의 형성을 가능하게 한다. 광학 레코딩 재료의 조성에 무관하게, 기판 상에 광학 레코딩 재료를 배치하거나 퇴적하는 임의의 방법을 이용할 수 있다.

用于制造波导单元的系统和方法

可以以许多不同的方式来配置和实现根据各种实施例的用于波导单元的制造的系统。在许多实施例中，各种沉积机构被用于将光学记录材料的(一个或多个)层沉积到透明基板上。可以提供第二透明基板，并且可以层压三个层以形成波导单元。合适的光学记录材料可以取决于给定的应用而广泛地变化。在一些实施例中，沉积的光学记录材料在整个层中具有相似的成分。在许多实施例中，光学记录材料在成分上空间地变化，从而允许具有变化特性的光学元件的形成。无论光学记录材料的成分如何，都可以利用将光学记录材料放置或沉积到基板上的任何方法。

Systems and methods for manufacturing waveguide cells

Systems for the manufacturing of waveguide cells in accordance with various embodiments can be configured and implemented in many different ways. In many embodiments, various deposition mechanisms are used to deposit layer(s) of optical recording material onto a transparent substrate. A second transparent substrate can be provided, and the three layers can be laminated to form a waveguide cell. Suitable optical recording material can vary widely depending on the given application. In some embodiments, the optical recording material deposited has a similar composition throughout the layer. In a number of embodiments, the optical recording material spatially varies in composition, allowing for the formation of optical elements with varying characteristics. Regardless of the composition of the optical recording material, any method of placing or depositing the optical recording material onto a substrate can be utilized.

Evacuated periotic structures and methods of manufacturing

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated periodic structures (EPSs). EPSs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) periodic structure. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured periodic structure provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.

Photopolymerizable composition sensitive to light in a green to infrared region of the optical spectrum

The invention is concerned with a photopolymerizable composition sensitive to light in a green to infrared region of the optical spectrum, comprising (a) a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer, or a mixture thereof, capable of forming a polymer having predetermined optical properties; (b) a photoinitiator sensitive to light in the aforesaid region; (c) an additive for increasing the refractive index and decreasing the viscosity of the composition; and (d) a filler having optical properties selected to contrast with the optical properties of the polymer. The composition of the invention is particularly useful for producing holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal materials and reversible dye doped polymer materials having improved electrical and optical switching characteristics.

头戴式透视显示器及记录体积全息透镜的方法

本申请公开了一种头戴式透视显示器及记录体积全息透镜的方法。更具体地，本申请涉及头戴式透视显示器，该头戴式透视显示器使用记录的基板引导的全息连续透镜(SGHCL)和具有窄光谱带源或激光照射的微型显示器。体积SGHCL的高衍射效率产生非常高的虚拟图像亮度。

Hologram pattern forming method, method for manufacturing film having hologram pattern, laminate film and container

본 발명은 모형에 드는 비용을 억제하면서 홀로그램 패턴을 형성하기 위한 제조 비용을 저감시킬 수 있는 홀로그램 패턴 형성 방법 및 홀로그램 패턴이 구비된 필름 제조 방법을 제공하는 것이다. 기재 상에 자기 경화형 재료를 도포하는 도포 공정과, 수지제 모형에 형성된 요철 형상의 홀로그램 패턴 상에, 도포 공정에서 기재 상에 도포된 경화 전의 자기 경화형 재료를 중첩하는 중첩 공정과, 중첩 공정에 있어서 홀로그램 패턴이 전사된 자기 경화형 재료와, 수지제 모형을 박리하는 박리 공정을 구비한다. The present invention provides a holographic pattern forming method capable of reducing manufacturing costs for forming a holographic pattern while suppressing the cost of a model, and a method of manufacturing a film provided with the holographic pattern. A superimposing step of superimposing a self-curing type material before curing applied on a substrate in a coating step on a concavo-convex hologram pattern formed on a resin model, and a superimposing step of superimposing a self- A self-curing type material onto which the hologram pattern is transferred, and a peeling step of peeling the resin mold. 홀로그램 패턴, 자기 경화형 재료, 수지제 모형, 기재, 표면 보호층 A holographic pattern, a magnetic hardening material, a resin model, a substrate, a surface protective layer

Photopolymer composition and use thereof to produce holographic media

FIELD: physics, optics. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a photopolymer composition for producing holographic media, which contains three-dimensionally cross-linked organic polymers (A) or precursors thereof as a matrix, and compounds (B), which contain groups which, when exposed to actinic radiation, react with unsaturated compounds with ethylene fragments to form polymers (radiation-curable groups), and which are dissolved in said matrix or are located therein in a distributed state, as well as a component (C) which is at least one photoinitiator, wherein density of the polymeric cross-linking of the organic polymer, expressed through average molecular weight M S of two segments connected by polymer bridges, is a value ranging from 2685 g/mol to 55000 g/mol. The invention also describes a medium which is suitable for recording visual holograms, use of said medium and a method for exposure thereof. EFFECT: producing photopolymer compositions for use as holographic media, which can be produced without subsequent thermal or wet chemical treatment, and use of which enables to obtain holograms which are colourless after exposure, with high diffraction efficiency and high brightness. 13 cl, 3 dwg, 4 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ (19) ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) СКОРРЕКТИРОВАННОЕ RU (11) (51) МПК C08G 18/67 C08G 18/77 C08G 18/48 C08L 75/04 G03F 7/00 G03F 7/028 G11B 7/245 (13) 2 515 991 C9 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ОПИСАНИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ Примечание: библиография отражает состояние при переиздании (21)(22) Заявка: 2009136169/04, 30.09.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 30.09.2009 01.10.2008 EP 08017276.0 (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2011 Бюл. № 10 (73) Патентообладатель(и): БАЙЕР МАТИРИАЛЬСАЙЕНС АГ (DE) (15) Информация о коррекции: Версия коррекции №1 (W1 C2) (48) Коррекция опубликована: 20.02.2015 Бюл. № 05 2 5 1 5 9 9 1 R U 2007101743 A, 19.04.2007. WO 03/102959 ...

Photopolymer formulations with low interlacing density

A photopolymer formulation comprises a three-dimensionally crosslinked organic polymer or its precursors as a matrix; a compound comprising groups that react with ethylenically unsaturated compounds via polymerization under the action of actinic radiation and is present in solution or dispersion in the matrix; and photoinitiator(s). The network density of the three-dimensionally crosslinked organic polymer which is expressed as average molecular weight of the segments bridging two polymer strands is >= 2685 g/mol. An independent claim is included for exposing a medium comprising selectively polymerizing writing monomers with actinic radiation.

Photopolymer formulations having a low crosslinking density

The invention relates to photopolymer formulations based on a polymeric network as a matrix and at least one photopolymerizable monomer dissolved therein and to a method for the production of holographic media from such photopolymers and to the use thereof.

Photopolymer formulations having a low crosslinking density

The invention relates to photopolymer formulations based on a polymeric network as a matrix and at least one photopolymerizable monomer dissolved therein and to a method for the production of holographic media from such photopolymers and to the use thereof.

Device for reversible optical data storage and its application

The invention relates to a device for reversible optical information storage using polymeric blend systems as the storage medium, the device including a film of a polymeric blend system P as the storage medium and being set up in order that a heat source can be used to heat up the storage medium locally for storing and a local variation of the mixing state allows the information to be stored.

Image display element and image display device

본 발명은, 화상표시장치를 구성하는 투과형적층 홀로그램 광학소자이며, 회절 수용입사각이 서로 다른 복수의 투과형 홀로그램 광학소자(13, 14, 15)가 적층되어 있다. 각 투과형 홀로그램 광학소자는, 가시영역의 임의의 파장에 있어서 각각의 회절수용 입사각의 중심입사각에 대한 출사각이 서로 다르게 됨으로써, 입사광의 광회절수용각이 넓게 되며, 광이용효율이 높게 되며, 공간 광변조소자의 색화소와의 사이의 거리를 이용효율면에서 볼 때에 최적으로 설정하는 것을 가능하게 한다. The present invention is a transmissive stacked holographic optical element constituting an image display device, and a plurality of transmissive holographic optical elements 13, 14, 15 having different diffraction acceptance incident angles are stacked. Each transmission hologram optical element has a different light exit angle with respect to the center incidence angle of each diffraction incident angle at an arbitrary wavelength in the visible region, thereby widening the optical diffraction angle of the incident light and increasing the light utilization efficiency. It is possible to optimally set the distance between the color modulation elements of the optical modulation element in view of the utilization efficiency.

Photopolymer formulations having a low crosslinking density

본 발명은 매트릭스로서의 중합체 네트워크 및 그 중에 용해된 1종 이상의 광중합성 단량체를 기재로 하는 광중합체 배합물 및 상기 광중합체로부터 홀로그래피 매체의 제조 방법 및 그의 용도에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a photopolymer blend based on a polymer network as a matrix and one or more photopolymerizable monomers dissolved therein, and to a process for producing a holographic medium from the photopolymer and its use. 중합체 네트워크, 기록 단량체, 가교 밀도, 광중합체 배합물, 홀로그래피 매체 Polymer networks, recording monomers, crosslinking densities, photopolymer blends, holographic media

Hologram recording method and hologram recording apparatus

Photopolymer composition and use thereof to produce holographic media

FIELD: physics, optics. SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to a photopolymer composition for producing holographic media, which contains three-dimensionally cross-linked organic polymers (A) or precursors thereof as a matrix, and compounds (B), which contain groups which, when exposed to actinic radiation, react with unsaturated compounds with ethylene fragments to form polymers (radiation-curable groups), and which are dissolved in said matrix or are located therein in a distributed state, as well as a component (C) which is at least one photoinitiator, wherein density of the polymeric cross-linking of the organic polymer, expressed through average molecular weight M S of two segments connected by polymer bridges, is a value ranging from 2685 g/mol to 55000 g/mol. The invention also describes a medium which is suitable for recording visual holograms, use of said medium and a method for exposure thereof. EFFECT: producing photopolymer compositions for use as holographic media, which can be produced without subsequent thermal or wet chemical treatment, and use of which enables to obtain holograms which are colourless after exposure, with high diffraction efficiency and high brightness. 13 cl, 3 dwg, 4 tbl РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНАЯ СЛУЖБА ПО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ (12) ОПИСАНИЕ (21)(22) Заявка: (19) RU (11) (51) МПК C08G 18/67 C08G 18/77 C08G 18/48 C08L 75/04 G03F 7/00 G03F 7/028 G11B 7/245 (13) 2 515 991 C2 (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) (2006.01) ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯ К ПАТЕНТУ 2009136169/04, 30.09.2009 (24) Дата начала отсчета срока действия патента: 30.09.2009 Приоритет(ы): (30) Конвенционный приоритет: (43) Дата публикации заявки: 10.04.2011 Бюл. № 10 (73) Патентообладатель(и): БАЙЕР МАТИРИАЛЬСАЙЕНС АГ (DE) R U 01.10.2008 EP 08017276.0 (72) Автор(ы): ВАЙЗЕР Марк-Штефан (DE), РЕЛЛЕ Томас (DE), БРУДЕР Фридрих-Карл (DE), ФЭККЕ Томас (DE), ХЕНЕЛЬ Деннис (DE) (45) Опубликовано: 20.05.2014 Бюл. № 14 2007101743 A, 19.04.2007. WO 03/ ...

Holographic recording medium and manufacturing method thereof

The preparation system and method for Holographically polymer dispersed liquid crystal grating

本发明提供一种聚合物分散液晶全息光栅的制备系统及方法，该系统包括：激光器，用于发射激光；扩束镜，用于对激光光束进行扩束；分光棱镜，用于将扩束后的激光光束分成第一分光光束和第二分光光束；第一反光镜，用于将第一分光光束反射至液晶盒；第二反光镜，用于将第二分光光束反射至液晶盒；液晶盒，接收第一分光光束和第二分光光束，第一分光光束和第二分光光束形成干涉条纹曝光液晶盒内的聚合物分散液晶，形成聚合物分散液晶全息光栅；至少一个衰减片，设置在扩束镜和液晶盒间的光路上，用于沿第一设定曲线逐渐衰减经过衰减片的激光，使聚合物分散液晶全息光栅的衍射效率沿第二设定曲线递减。本发明能大规模制备衍射效率沿设定曲线变化光栅。