УСТОЙЧИВОЕ ПРИКРЕПЛЕНИЕ К СЕТЯМ, ПОДДЕРЖИВАЮЩИМ ТЕХНОЛОГИЮ МЕЖСЕТЕВОГО СОПРЯЖЕНИЯ ПО ПРОТОКОЛУ МАРШРУТИЗАЦИИ ПО СОСТОЯНИЮ КАНАЛА СВЯЗИ ПОСТАВЩИКА (PLSB)

Изобретение относится к средствам для взаимодействия между клиентской системой в первом сетевом домене и доменом сети, поддерживающей технологию межсетевого сопряжения по протоколу маршрутизации по состоянию канала связи поставщика (PLSB). Технический результат заключается в повышении устойчивости соединения с доменом сети. Предоставляют, по меньшей мере, два пограничных моста опорной сети (BEB) домена PLSB. Каждый BEB является конечной точкой соединения в первом сетевом домене с клиентской системой и конечной точкой, по меньшей мере, одноадресного пути, определенного в пределах домена PLSB. Межузловой транковый канал предоставляют в домене PLSB для взаимного соединения, по меньшей мере, двух BEB. Фантомный узел определяют в домене PLSB. Фантомный узел имеет уникальный адрес в домене PLSB и абстрактно расположен на межузловом транковом канале в одном скачке от каждого BEB. Каждый BEB конфигурируют таким образом, что входящий пакет, принятый с клиентской системы через соединение в первом ...

СПОСОБ И УСТРОЙСТВО ДЛЯ ОТОБРАЖЕНИЯ СЕТЕВЫХ ЗАГОЛОВКОВ НА MPLS-ЗАГОЛОВКИ В АРХИТЕКТУРАХ КАНАЛОВ-НОСИТЕЛЕЙ

... 1. Способ обмена информацией между компонентами сети, которая предпочтительно состоит из базовой сети и сети доступа к радиосвязи, с оконечными устройствами, обменивающимися IP-пакетами информации через сеть, имеющими IP-заголовки с IP-адресами, с областью памяти для манипулирования однозначными идентификаторами оконечных устройств во взаимосвязи с IP-адресами, с, по меньшей мере, частью компонентов с функциями протокола MPLS (многопротокольная коммутация с использованием меток) в сети, которые маршрутизируют в сети пакеты информации на основе MPLS-каналов передачи и соответствующих MPLS-заголовков, включающий в себя первый этап конфигурирования, на котором компоненты конфигурируют таким образом, что MPLS-каналы передачи однозначно определены по отношению к оконечным устройствам, при этом MPLS-каналы передачи характеризуются посредством однозначной идентификации оконечных устройств, которая отображена в MPLS-заголовках, второй этап передачи информации, на котором компоненты с функциями ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ОПЕРАЦИЙ ПО ПРОТОКОЛУ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННЫМ РЕТРАНСЛЯТОРОМ (DRCP) ПРИ СБОЕ СВЯЗИ

Zuweisung von WAN-Verbindungen zu Subflüssen auf der Basis von WAN-Verbindungseigenschaften und Anwendungspreferenzen

Integrated IP network allows simultaneous access to the same cabling and hardware for telephone, video, television, data etc. IP networks providing considerable hardware savings

IP network has a number of nodes through which the network can be accessed. Each node has an address management table that contains terminal addresses and port numbers that identify application programs within the terminal. Address and port numbers in IP packet headers are compared with these values to guide the packet to the correct IP network within the integrated network.

Improvements in or relating to packet-switched access networks

Intergrated information communication system

Integrated information communication system

Delivering content by encapsulating into packages with associated meta-data

In one embodiment of the invention, a content is composed for delivery over a network to a subsystem. The content has a package containing a content. The package has package elements. The package and the package elements are tagged using meta-data. The meta-data are serialized into a file system compatible with the subsystem using a markup language.

Method of and device for sending information to multiple addresses

A method of sending information via a network of computers, comprising: receiving an information packet; identifying a plurality of addresses corresponding to the information packet; determining an acceptable next destination for each address of the plurality of address; selecting addresses having a first network device as the acceptable next destination to provide selected addresses; and providing a bundled packet to the first network device, the bundled packet including the selected addresses and the information packet.

Method of and device for sending information to multiple addresses

Integrated information communication system

Integrated information communication system

Methods and systems for transmitting broadcast data

Wireless island mobile lan-to-lan tunneling solution

NO DETAILS

Management of content delivery in an IP network

Efficient protection for an ikev2 device

Information centric networking routing in an ip network

PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR A PACKAGING OF PACKAGES

COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS, - SYSTEMS AND - PROCEDURES

PROCEDURE AND SYSTEM AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IPV6DATAGRAMM-ÜBERTRAGUNG IN ETHERNET

PACKAGE FORWARDING TO AN CONNECTINGORIENTED NETWORK

A PROCEDURE FOR WOULD DRIVE OUT FROM INTEGRATED SERVICE ACCESS IN AN ENTRANCE NET

PACKAGE RADIO SYSTEM AND TERMINAL MECHANISM FOR A PACKAGE RADIO SYSTEM

GENERIC ONE ROUTING EINKAPSELUNG OVER MINUTES OF POINT OF POINT

TECHNOLOGY FOR CONNECTION WITH BRIDGES OF LOCAL NETWORKS WITH NON--CLEAR KNOT ADDRESSES

COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK ACCESS DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF MESSAGE PACKAGES OVER TELEPHONE LINES

ARCHITECTURE FOR VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETS

TRANSMISSION OF NEWS PROCEDURE IN AN ACTIVE NETWORK

Efficient encapsulation of packets transmitted on a packet-pseudowire over a Packet Switched Network

Improving efficiency of encapsulation for packets of a first set of one or more protocols on a packet-pseudowire over a tunnel in a Packet Switched Network (PSN) is described. A first provider edge (PE) network element is coupled with a customer edge (CE) network element over an attachment circuit and is coupled with a second PE network element over the packet-pseudowire. The first provider edge network element receives a frame from the CE network element over the attachment circuit. Responsive to the first PE network element determining that the frame encapsulates a packet of the first set of protocols, the first PE network element encapsulates the packet into a protocol data unit for transmission over the packet-pseudowire without including substantially all of the plurality of fields of the data link layer header. The first PE network element transmits the protocol data unit over the packet-pseudowire over the PSN tunnel to the second PE network element. Efficiency is improved through ...

Mobile ethernet

Method for establishing restricted broadcast groups in a switched network

Distributed connection-oriented services for switched communications networks

A serial, layered medical network

ACTIVIN-ACTRIIA ANTAGONISTS AND USES FOR PROMOTING BONE GROWTH IN CANCER PATIENTS

In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and metho ds for promoting bone growth and increasing bone density, as well as for the treatment of multiple myeloma.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED DATA TRANSFER BETWEEN PROCESSOR CORES

Embodiments of an interconnect apparatus enable improved signal integrity, even at high clock rates, increased bandwidth, and lower latency. In an interconnect apparatus for core arrays a sending processing core can send data An interconnect apparatus for core arrays a sending processing core can send data to a receiving core by forming a packet whose header indicates the location of the receiving core and whose pay load is the data to be sent. The packet is sent to a Data Vortex switch on the same chip as an array of processing cores and routes the packet to the receiving core first by routing the packet to the processing core array containing the receiving processing core. The Data Vortex switch then routes the packet to the receiving processor core in a processor core array. The Data Vortex switches are not crossbar switches, eliminating globally setting and resetting the Data Vortex switches as different groups of packets enter the switches. Mounting the Data Vortex switch on the same ...

METHOD FOR MONITORING APPARATUS

A method for monitoring plural apparatus includes an initialization procedure and a monitoring procedure. The initialization procedure includes determining subset(s) of secondary devices respectively for primary device(s), designating secondary device(s) as assistant device(s), establishing a network topology with respect to the primary and secondary devices, generating a set of routing parameters that corresponds to the network topology, and sending the set of routing parameters to the primary and secondary devices in order to construct a device network of the primary and secondary devices. The monitoring procedure includes receiving and transmitting working reports from the plural apparatus to a server-end device via the device network.

REMOTE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM

A virtual broadband transmitting unit (fig. 2) includes a stream generator to generate a multiplicity of data streams (115) from an incoming media data stream, and a transmission manager to control the upload of the multiplicity of data streams along a multiplicity of transmission channels (112) to at least one wireless communication network. A virtual broadband receiver (35) includes means to receive a multiplicity of media data streams from a multiplicity of data connections, and an assembly engine to assemble the data streams into a single media stream.

PROTOCOL CONVERSION METHOD AND APPARATUS

Provided in embodiments are a method and device for protocol conversion for implementing compatibility with legacy RRU for a RoE interface-based network. The protocol conversion method comprises: a protocol conversion device implements frequency synchronization and time synchronization with a baseband unit (BBU) via an Ethernet protocol; the protocol conversion device acquires frequency synchronized information and time synchronized information from an Ethernet interface; the protocol conversion device converts the frequency synchronized information and the time synchronized information into frequency synchronized information and time synchronized information in the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) protocol format; and the protocol conversion device transmits the converted frequency synchronized information and time synchronized information to a remote radio unit (RRU) via a CPRI interface, where the RRU supports the CPRI protocol.

REGISTRATION SCHEME FOR NETWORK

A coupled data network with a system for registering end systems is disclosed. A foreign network includes a foreign mobile switching center and a foreign base st ation. The foreign mobile switching center includes a serving registration server, the fore ign base station includes a foreign access hub, and the foreign access hub includes a proxy regis tration agent. A home network includes a home mobile switching center with a home registration server. A first end system subscribes to the home network and operates within the foreig n network. The end system includes an end registration agent, the end registration agent be ing coupled to the proxy registration agent, the proxy registration agent being coupled to t he serving registration server, and the serving registration server being coupled to the ho me registration server.

INFORMATION NETWORK ACCESS APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR COMMUNICATING INFORMATION PACKETS VIA TELEPHONE LINES

Access to a CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection) network (10) is provided via a telephone line (12) by providing a master mod em (34) at the head end and a slave modem (32) at the subscriber end of the lin e. The master modem provides a CSMA/CD interface (36) to the network and contro ls half duplex communications with the slave modem via the line to avoid collisions of information packets on the line. The information packets are enveloped in frames on the line with error checking information; control information between the modems is contained in the same and/or in separate frames. The modulation method and signal bandwidth can be varied depending o n errors to provide optimum communications capacity via any particular line, a nd a ratio of upstream to downstream information packets can be varied dependin g on buffer fills at the modems. The master modem can be multiplexed for multiple lines. The modulated signal frequencies are above telephone signal frequencies ...

A LIGHTWEIGHT INTERNET PROTOCOL ENCAPSULATION (LIPE) SCHEME FOR MULTIMEDIA TRAFFIC TRANSPORT

A packet encapsulation scheme for multiplexing application sessions Lightweight IP Encapsulation (LIPS) - is described. An LIFE packet comprises at least one multiplexing header (MH) and associated multimedia data packet (MDP). The LIPE packet uses UDP/IP as transport. An MH field further comprises a 16-bit a user identifier (UID) field, an 11 bit length indicator (LNG) field, a 1 bit "more" (M) field and an optional payload type/class of service (PT/CoS) field comprising 8 bits.

Method and apparatus for interworking Ethernet and mpls networks

MPLS networks offering PW or VPLS services may be interconnected with Ethernet networks implemented according to 802.1ah or 802.1Qay. The MPLS network may be a core and offer services to the Ethernet access networks, or vise-versa. Additionally, a mixture of different types of access networks may be interconnected by an MPLS core or an Ethernet core. Both network interworking and service interworking are provided. OAM fault detection may be implemented via maintenance entities extending across the network or end to end depending on the combination of networks and services offered by the networks.

Tunneling time-critical messages between substations over wan

The digital bus system to the slave node and operation method thereof

Method for intersubnet mobility for campus network

Method and system for protection switching of P2MP (Point-to-Multipoint) multicast channel

PROCESS FOR the SIMULTANEOUS OPERATION Of AT LEAST TWO TUNNELS ON WITH the MOINSUN NETWORK

CALL SETUP LATENCY REDUCTION BY ENCAPSULATING SIGNALLING MESSAGES

Devices and methods for cloud based sidelink scheduling and base station interface therefor

HEADER COMPRESSION FOR CELL RELAY COMMUNICATIONS

multiplexer transportation network

Advanced multi-directional relay architecture and apparatus and methods of operation useful together with same

Extended subnets

There is provided a router for use in a datacenter, the router including a frame receiving module operative to receive a traffic frame and a frame forwarding module operative to forward the traffic frame to a second router in a second datacenter if a Destination Media Access Control (DMAC) address included in the traffic frame is different from all of the following: a Burned in Address of the router; a Burned in Address of at least one server associated with the router; a Media Access Control (MAC) address of one of a Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) group and a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) group of the router; and a MAC address of one of a HSRP group and a VRRP group of a subnet hosted by the router.

Learning information associated with shaping resources and virtual machines of a cloud computing environment

A source network device of a cloud computing network receives a packet destined for a destination virtual machine provided in a destination cloud computing device. The packet is received from a source virtual machine provided in a source cloud computing device. The source network device associates, to the packet, a source shaping resource of the source network device, where the source shaping resource includes a bandwidth that matches or exceeds a bandwidth associated with the source virtual machine. The source network device adds, to the packet, a header that identifies an address of the source virtual machine, an identifier associated with the source shaping resource, and the bandwidth associated with the source virtual machine. The source network device provides, via the source shaping resource, the packet and the header to the cloud computing network for transmission to the destination virtual machine.

Method for sending virtual extensible local area network packet, computer device, and computer readable medium

A method for sending a VxLAN packet, a computer device, and a computer readable medium, to resolve a problem that a network adapter cannot forward a VxLAN packet in the prior art. By means of the method for forwarding a VxLAN packet provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, after receiving a first packet, a network adapter determines whether the network adapter stores encapsulation information required for performing VxLAN encapsulation on the first packet; if the network adapter stores the encapsulation information, performs VxLAN encapsulation on the first packet and sends the first packet; or if the network adapter does not store the encapsulation information, requests the encapsulation information from a central processing unit and stores the encapsulation information; and sends a packet obtained after the VxLAN encapsulation is performed on the first packet.

Processing customized uniform resource locators

A first computer system determines whether a URL contains a first value corresponding to an encapsulating protocol. If the URL contains a value corresponding to an encapsulating protocol, the first computer system determines whether the URL contains an operation protocol key indicating that the URL contains a second value corresponding to an operation protocol. If the URL contains a second value corresponding to an operation protocol, the first computer system selects the operation protocol as the protocol to be employed by the first computer system in issuing a communication to a second computer system. A second computer system determines whether a URL it receives contains a first value corresponding to an operation protocol. If the URL contains a first value corresponding to an operation protocol, the second computer system provides a resource targeted to a first computer system in accordance with an encapsulating protocol. The encapsulating protocol is identified by a second value in ...

Apparatus having three separated and decentralized processors for concurrently and independently processing packets in a communication network

A parallel, scalable internetworking unit (IU) architecture employing at least two network controllers (NCs), a foreground buffer controller with local memory, a background buffer controller with local memory, a node processor (NP) and a buffer memory. Each network attached to the IU has an individual network controller which communicates with the foreground buffer controller. The foreground buffer controller interfaces with NCs and maintains queueing information. The background buffer controller communicates with the foreground buffer controller for maintaining packets of data as linked lists of buffers in the buffer memory. The NP communicates with both the foreground and background buffer controllers to process stored header information. And, a connection matrix is provided to dynamically interconnect multiple IUs for increased parallel processing of packet traffic and processing.

Transport network multiplexer

A system for multiplexing a transport packet and an Ethernet packet comprises a transport interface for receiving a transport stream comprising the transport packet and a network interface for receiving a network stream comprising the Ethernet packet. The system comprises a packet identifier coupled to the transport interface for filtering the transport stream and selecting the transport packet and a date formatter coupled to the network interface for creating a transport header appended to the Ethernet packet. The system further comprises a multiplexer for receiving the transport packet from the packet identifier, for receiving the Ethernet packet from the data formatter, and for multiplexing the transport packet and the Ethernet packet comprising the transport header.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SYNCHRONIZING WITH NEIGHBOR IN A DISTRIBUTED RESILIENT NETWORK INTERCONNECT (DRNI) LINK AGGREGATION GROUP

A method of supporting a distributed resilient network interconnect (DRNI) at a network device is disclosed. The method starts with initializing the network device for operating distributed resilient control protocol (DRCP) on an intra-portal port (IPP) coupled to a neighbor network device using an intra-port link (IPL). The method continues with the network device checking that DRCP is enabled at the IPP and then enters an expired state. The network device then receives a DRCPDU and determines that the received DRCPDU is associated with the first portal it is assigned to. It determines that the received DRCPDU is compatible with the network device, and records neighbor network device's state information included in the received DRCPDU as state operational variables of the neighbor network device at the network device, wherein the neighbor network device's state information includes DRCP variables for the IPP.

Method and apparatus for providing data over a dynamic wireless network

A method for communicating from a first processing unit located on a first network to a second processing unit located on a second network, through a wireless network, comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein a plurality of routes is dynamically established between a first gateway and the second processing unit.

Tunnel path MTU discovery

A solution for tunnel path MTU discovery includes, at a first network device configured as an origination endpoint for a tunnel, storing a keep-alive packet having a size of an interface maximum transmission unit (MTU), the keep-alive packet indicating the packet should not be fragmented, the second network device configured as a termination endpoint for the tunnel. If the sending fails, the size of the keep-alive packet is iteratively changed to converge upon a path MTU, where the path MTU is the size of a largest keep-alive packet that can be sent from the first network device to the second network device without fragmentation.

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION

A packet destined for a Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) network is received at a wireless station from a user device. A serving gateway (SGW) receives the packet from the wireless station via an S1U GTP tunnel and assigns an uplink S1U General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GTP) tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID) to the packet. The SGW performs a network address translation (NAT) function on the packet based on the uplink S1U GTP TEID assigned to the packet to form a translated packet. The SGW transmits the translated packet to the MEC network.

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION CONTROL PROGRAM

A generation device generates a frame to be transmitted to a destination communication apparatus. The frame includes a first separation field, a first MAC protocol data unit (MPDU) following the first separation field, a second separation field following the first MPDU, a third separation field following the second separation field, and a third MPDU following the third separation field. The second separation field includes length information set to a value of zero to indicate no second MPDU directly follows the second separation field. The first MPDU includes a first MAC header, a first data field, and a first frame check sequence (FCS). The first FCS is for detecting an error occurred in at least the first data field. The third MPDU includes a third MAC header, a third data field, and a third FCS. The third FCS is for detecting an error occurred in at least the third data field.

PACKET DATA UNIT (PDU) STRUCTURE FOR SUPPORTING DISTRIBUTED RELAY CONTROL PROTOCOL (DRCP)

A method supporting distributed resilient network interconnect (DRNI) in a link aggregation group at a network device is disclosed. The method starts with encapsulating a distributed relay control protocol data unit (DRCPDU) in a frame, wherein the DRCPDU includes a protocol data unit (PDU) structure. The PDU structure includes a type field indicating that the DRCPDU is for DRCP, a version field indicating a version number of the DRCP, and a set of type/length/values (TLVs) including: a terminator TLV indicating an end of the PDU structure, a portal information TLV indicating characteristics of the first portal, a portal configuration information TLV indicating configuration information of the first portal, a DRCP state TLV indicating variables associated with an intra-portal link (IPP), a home ports information TLV and a neighbor ports information TLV. The method continues with transmitting the frame encapsulating the DRCPDU from the network device to a neighbor network device.

MAPPING DATABASE SYSTEM FOR USE WITH CONTENT CHUNKS AND METHODS OF ROUTING TO CONTENT IN AN IP NETWORK

A method of retrieving content in an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network is described, including receiving from a network node a lookup request associated with content at a server comprising a mapping database. A response is generated including an IPv6 address, the IPv6 address comprising a content identifier and an indication of a location of the content. The response is transmitted to the network node. A method including receiving at a mapping database a lookup request associated with content and returning a text record comprising an ordered list of addresses for use in segment routing to the content is also described.

Methods and systems for remotely accessing universal serial bus devices

Methods and systems for remotely accessing a universal serial bus device are provided. A requesting device issues a request for a universal serial bus device. The request is intercepted and packaged and then transmitted over a network. The packet is received by a universal serial bus host device having a universal serial bus controller and being in direct communication with the universal serial bus device. The packet is unpackaged into the request, and the request is passed to the controller for processing by the device.

Edge device implementing a logical network that spans across multiple routing tables

Some embodiments provide a method for configuring an edge computing device to implement a logical router belonging to a logical network. The method configures a datapath executing on the edge computing device to use a first routing table associated with the logical router for processing data messages routed to the logical router. The method configures a routing protocol application executing on the edge computing device to (i) use the first routing table for exchanging routes with a network external to the logical network and (ii) use a second routing table for exchanging routes with other edge computing devices that implement the logical router.

OPTIMAL INTERNET PATHWAY SELECTION

An example method may include identifying upload packets at a VPN client operating on a client device, and the upload packets include a header with a destination server as the destination field and the client device as the source field, adding, via the VPN client, an additional header identifying the client device in an additional source field and identifying an interconnect server center (ISC) device in an additional destination field, to create modified upload packets, receiving the modified upload packets from the client device at the ISC device, replacing, via the ISC device, the additional source field of the modified upload packets with a new additional source field identifying the ISC device and replacing the additional destination field of the modified upload packets with a new additional destination field identifying a VPN server to create further modified upload packets, and forwarding the further modified upload packets to the VPN server for routing to the destination server.

Creating and distributing service chain descriptions

Some embodiments provide novel methods for performing services for machines operating in one or more datacenters. For instance, for a group of related guest machines (e.g., a group of tenant machines), some embodiments define two different forwarding planes: (1) a guest forwarding plane and (2) a service forwarding plane. The guest forwarding plane connects to the machines in the group and performs L2 and/or L3 forwarding for these machines. The service forwarding plane (1) connects to the service nodes that perform services on data messages sent to and from these machines, and (2) forwards these data messages to the service nodes. In some embodiments, the guest machines do not connect directly with the service forwarding plane. For instance, in some embodiments, each forwarding plane connects to a machine or service node through a port that receives data messages from, or supplies data messages to, the machine or service node. In such embodiments, the service forwarding plane does not ...

INTERWORKING BETWEEN DIFFERENT LAYER TWO MEDIAS USING NETWORK TUNNELS

Interworking between different layer two (L2) medias using network tunnels is provided by receiving, at a virtual gateway network element (GNE), a packet from a first L2 media type network for transmission to a second L2 media type network under the control of a different entities, wherein the first and second L2 media type networks are incompatible for direct packet transmission; removing, at the virtual GNE, ethernet encapsulation from the packet; re-encapsulating, at a network device located between the virtual GNE and a packet network, the packet in a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) encapsulation; forwarding, over the packet network, the packet from the network device to a digital communication channel (DCC) associated with the second L2 media type network; replacing, at the DCC, the MPLS encapsulation with a link access protocol (LAP) encapsulation; and transmitting the packet encapsulated with the LAP encapsulation to the second L2 media type network.

Systems and methods for performing layer one link aggregation over wireless links

A first layer one link aggregation master comprises a first port coupled to receive customer traffic; a first channel; a second channel; an aggregation engine coupled to the first and second channels; a first switch circuit coupled to the first port and to the first channel, and configured to communicate the customer traffic from the first port over the first channel to the aggregation engine, the aggregation engine including a splitter circuit configured to use layer one information to segment at least a portion of the customer traffic into a first virtual container and a second virtual container, the aggregation engine further including an encapsulation circuit configured to encapsulate the second virtual container using Ethernet standards for transport over the second channel; a radio access card configured to generate an air frame based on the first virtual container for wireless transmission over a first wireless link of a link aggregation group to the receiver; and a second switch ...

СПОСОБ КОНТРОЛЯ УСТРОЙСТВА

Изобретение относится к области беспроводной связи. Техническим результатом является повышение эффективности контроля рабочих состояний многочисленных устройств в сети связи и обнаружения сбоев связи. Упомянутый технический результат достигается тем, что способ контроля множества устройств включает в себя процедуру инициирования, которая включает в себя определение поднабора(ов) вторичных устройств соответственно для первичного(ых) устройства (устройств), назначение вторичного(ых) устройства (устройств) в качестве вспомогательного(ых) устройства (устройств), установление сетевой топологии по отношению к первичным и вторичным устройствам, выработку набора параметров маршрутизации, который соответствует сетевой топологии, и отправку набора параметров маршрутизации в первичные и вторичные устройства для построения сети устройств из первичных и вторичных устройств; и процедуру контроля, которая включает в себя прием и передачу рабочих отчетов от множества устройств в устройство на стороне сервера ...

СПОСОБ, УСТРОЙСТВО И СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

Настоящее изобретение относится к области технологий связи и, более конкретно, к способу, устройству и системе управления. В вариантах осуществления настоящего изобретения команда управления инкапсулирована в пакет сетевых данных, подлежащий посылке к устройству спецификации интерфейса удаленного сетевого драйвера (RNDIS), и инкапсулированный пакет сетевых данных посылается в устройство RNDIS, чтобы управлять устройством RNDIS. В обычной сетевой архитектуре пользовательское устройство может непосредственно послать пакет сетевых данных в устройство RNDIS. Поэтому, при этом решении, команда управления может быть передана к устройству RNDIS без добавления нового интерфейса управления. По сравнению с решением, которое требует добавления нового интерфейса и инсталлирования дополнительной программы драйвера в предшествующем уровне техники, настоящее решение уменьшает сложность приложения и не предъявляет никакого специального требования для устройства RNDIS, которое является обычно применимым ...

СПОСОБ И СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ОБНОВЛЕНИЯ СОСТОЯНИЙ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕННОГО ОТКАЗОУСТОЙЧИВОГО СЕТЕВОГО МЕЖСОЕДИНЕНИЯ (DRNI)

Punkt-zu-Punkt Protokoll Einkapselung in einem Ethernet-Rahmen

VERFAHREN ZUM GLEICHZEITIGEN BETRIEB VON MINDESTENS ZWEI TUNNELN IN MINDESTENS EINEM NETZWERK

Verschlüsselung mit selektiver Bekanntgabe der Protokollkennungen

Verfahren und Gerät zur Adressenverwaltung der Send- und Empfangsnachrichten

Verfahren und Gerät zur Adressenverwaltung der Send- und Empfangsnachrichten

VERTEILTE VERBINDUNGSORIENTIERTE DIENSTE FÜR VERMITTELTE FERNMELDENETZ

Integrated information communication system

Communicating data over a mesh network

Media streaming system using content addressing

Virtual network architecture for connectionless LAN backbone

Network traffic management is achieved based on automatically setting up a plurality (127, 128) of virtual networks (VNETs) within a single large virtual LAN. Multicast/broadcast traffic is confined to the VNET (127, 128) of the source, without imposing constraints on layer two addressing within the virtual LAN. VNETs are domains of users of a virtual LAN which include members of logical networks defined at layer three or higher. One method includes transferring a multi-destination packet originating from a particular node in the virtual LAN by tunnelling across a connectionless backbone network (120) to a virtual net server (125). The virtual net server (125) translates the multi-destination packet to a plurality of tunneled messages identifying nodes authorized to receive multi-destination packets from the members of the particular VNET which originated the packet. The tunneled messages are then forwarded from the virtual net server to the authorized nodes.

Integrated information communications (ICS) system

To provide an integrated information communication system (ICS) 1 without using dedicated lines or the Internet, ensuring communication speed, communication quality, communication trouble countermeasures in a unified manner, wherein security and reliability in communication is ensured. The system comprises access control apparatus 2-7 for connecting a plurality of communication networks or information communication equipment (e.g. LANS), and a relay device for networking the access control apparatus. Access control apparatus receive packets 80, 82 having different user address systems ADX, ADY 80, 82 and convert these into network packets 81, 83 with network addresses conforming to a unified address system ADS for routing to destination addresses. In one embodiment each access control apparatus includes a conversion table storing user sending addresses and destination addresses together with a registered request identifier (numbers 1-4) for indicating one of intra-corporation communication ...

Integrated information communication system

Providing service data flow description

A terminal UE 11 capable of wireless communication sends packets to a base station (eNB) 12, which extracts a service data flow (SDF) description from the encapsulated packets header. A server 13 located proximal to the base station 12 subsequently processes the SDF description. SDF description may be included in the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) protocol data unit (PDU) formats PDCP data PDU and PDCP control PDU, SDF description may include IP address, IP protocol, ports, application header fields, packet count or packet sequence information. The PDCP control PDU are distinguished by a PDU TYPE header field. The server 13 may provide a service, perhaps otherwise performed by the core network 20. The server may be installed or integrated at the base station 12. Other aspects include a computer program and method. The server 13 is also disclosed as a Mobile-edge computing, MEC server 13.

Methods and systems for sending packets through a plurality of tunnels

Described in example embodiments herein are methods and systems for implementing sending packets from a first network node to a second network node. Packets belonging to the same session may be sent through the same or different tunnels. The second network node processes packets belonging to the same session using the same core. In accordance with an example embodiment, the first network node informs the second network code the core to process the packets. Optionally, selection of core at the second network node is assisted by a core identity created by the first network based on the session. The core identity may be stored in the header or payload of the packets. In an example embodiment, the second network determines the core for processing packet belonging to the same session.

Integrated information communication system

Integrated information communications system

To provide an integrated information communication system (ICS 20000-1) without using dedicated lines or the Internet, ensuring communication speed, communication quality, communication trouble countermeasures in a unified manner, wherein security and reliability in communication is ensured, the system is comprised of an access control apparatus 20010-1, 20020-1, 20030-1, for connecting a plurality of computer communication networks or information communication equipment (eg. LANs) to each, and a relay device 20080-1, 20090-1 for networking the aforementioned access control apparatus, the system having functions for performing routing by transferring information by a unified address system, and is configured such that the aforementioned plurality of computer communication networks or information communication equipment can perform communications in an interactive manner. Communication by telephone voice is performed by connection to a telephone 20520-1 via a telephone line 20530-1 from ...

Delivering content by encapsulating into packages with associated meta-data

A method to extend the physical reach of an infiniband network

Internetworking between networks using different protocols

A network management station (NMS) 10 generates a frame Df0 encapsulating a plurality of packets each having an identifier of a destination network element 30-1, 30-2, 30-3 and sends the frame on a point to point connection across network A to a gateway device 20. The gateway establishes a point to multipoint connection to the network elements through networks B and C whose protocols are different from that of network A. The gateway converts the frame Df0 into separate frames for each network element and converts between different network protocols based on a connection database which stores records of connections made between the NMS and gateway and between the gateway and network elements. It also mediates the transport of upstream frames to the NMS. The NMS can communicate with network elements beyond two or more incompatible networks using two or more gateway devices to route the frame on point to point connections between gateways.

A mapping database system for use with content chunks

Methods and devices for improving storage and transmission of uncompressed data while using a standard format

A method for encapsulating media data into an ISO Base Media File Format (ISOBMFF) standard compliant file where the media data comprises a sequence of samples. The method comprises obtaining 210 at least one sample of the sequence and generating 215 ISOBMFF structure data indexing the at least one obtained sample. The at least one obtained sample is compressed 235 and the generated ISOBMFF structure data for the unencoded sample and the compressed sample are embedded 240 within the ISOBMFF compliant file. A parameter of the compression may be obtained and stored in the file. The compression applied after the indexing may use a generic compression algorithm such as the DEFLATE algorithm. Also claimed is a method of encapsulating media data in an ISOBMFF compliant file where a sample description indicating that the sample is of a predetermined type is generated, the sample is compressed and structure data indexing the compressed sample is generated.

ROUTING IN A PACKET-SWITCHED NETWORK WITH MOBILE LAST STOPS

PROCEDURE FOR THE PACKAGE FORWARDING AND EQUIPMENT FOR IT

Control method, apparatus and system

The present invention discloses a control method, an apparatus, and a system. In the embodiments of the present invention, a control command is encapsulated into a network data packet to be sent to a remote network driver interface specification (RNDIS) device, and the encapsulated network data packet is sent to the RNDIS device to control the RNDIS device. In the conventional network architecture, a user device can directly send a network data packet to an RNDIS device. Therefore, with this solution, a control command can be transmitted to the RNDIS device without adding a new control interface. Compared with the solution that requires adding a new interface and installing an additional driver program in the prior art, this solution reduces application complexity and has no special requirement for the RNDIS device, which is commonly applicable and easy to implement.

Managing data delivery based on device state

Managing power-consuming resources on a first computing device by adjusting data delivery from a plurality of second computing devices based on a state of the first computing device. The state of the first computing device is provided to the second computing devices to alter the data delivery. In some embodiments, the first computing device provides the second computing devices with actions or commands relating to data delivery based on the device state. For example, the second computing devices are instructed to store the data, forward the data, forward only high priority data, or perform other actions. Managing the data delivery from the second computing devices preserves battery life of the first computing device.

Encapsulation system featuring an intelligent network component

A network component is provided for facilitating communication of traffic between a destination server and a client over a network comprising the plurality of network paths. The network component comprising memory for storing computer-readable instructions and a processor configured to implement the computer-readable instructions. The computer-readable instructions operable to implement the following: exchange control parameters with the client via a control channel using one or more of the plurality of network control paths; encapsulate the traffic for transmission to the client; decapsulate the traffic received from the client; and schedule traffic to the client via one or more of the plurality of network paths using logic common with the client based on network parameters. A client configured to work with the network component is also described, as is a communication system including both the client and network component.

Methods and apparatus for a scalable network with efficient link utilization

In some embodiments, an apparatus comprises a core network node configured to be operatively coupled to a set of network nodes. The core network node is configured to receive a broadcast signal from a network node from the set of network nodes, which is originated from a host device operatively coupled to the network node. The broadcast signal is sent via a tunnel from the network node to the core network node, such that other network nodes that are not included in the tunnel do not receive the broadcast signal. The core network node is configured to retrieve control information associated with the broadcast signal without sending another broadcast signal, and then send the control information to the network node.

User centric virtual network and method of establishing the same

Provided is a method of establishing a user centric virtual network. The method includes: performing a first tunneling operation between a first tunnel end and an address translation device, which are connected to a first private network, and a tunnel relay device; performing a second tunneling operation between a second tunnel end and an address translation device, which are connected to a second private network, and the tunnel relay device; and performing a third tunneling operation between the tunnel relay device and an end client, wherein a virtual IP is allocated to each of the first and second tunnel ends, the address translation devices, the end client, and the tunnel relay device; and each of the first to third tunneling operations connects routing information on the virtual IP to a corresponding tunnel.

Method and apparatus for internetworking ethernet and mpls networks

MPLS networks offering PW or VPLS services may be interconnected with Ethernet networks implemented according to 802.1ah or 802.1Qay. The MPLS network may be a core and offer services to the Ethernet access networks, or vise-versa. Additionally, a mixture of different types of access networks may be interconnected by an MPLS core or an Ethernet core. Both network interworking and service interworking are provided. OAM fault detection may be implemented via maintenance entities extending across the network or end to end depending on the combination of networks and services offered by the networks.

Method and apparatus for internetworking ethernet and mpls networks

MPLS networks offering PW or VPLS services may be interconnected with Ethernet networks implemented according to 802.1ah or 802.1Qay. The MPLS network may be a core and offer services to the Ethernet access networks, or vise-versa. Additionally, a mixture of different types of access networks may be interconnected by an MPLS core or an Ethernet core. Both network interworking and service interworking are provided. OAM fault detection may be implemented via maintenance entities extending across the network or end to end depending on the combination of networks and services offered by the networks.

Data plane for resilient network interconnect

The present disclosure relates to a technique for forwarding frames received by a network interconnect node ( 114 ) of an internal network ( 112 ) having the network interconnect node ( 114 ), one or more internal network nodes ( 118, 120 ) and one or more other internal network interconnect nodes ( 116 ), the network interconnect node ( 114 ) having a network interconnect interface for communicating with an external network interconnect node ( 104 ) of an external network ( 102 ) and a network interface for communicating with one or more of the other internal network interconnect nodes ( 116 ) and with one or more of the internal network nodes ( 118, 120 ), wherein the frames are related to a service provided by at least one of the external network ( 102 ) and the internal network ( 112 ). A method embodiment comprises at least one of the steps of: receiving, from the external network interconnect node ( 104 ), frames at the network interconnect interface and forwarding according to a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) tagging forwarding process, by the network interconnect node ( 114 ), the frames to one or more of the other internal network interconnect nodes ( 116 ) or to one or more of the internal network nodes ( 118, 120 ) on a network link via the network interface by considering whether the network interconnect node ( 114 ) is active for the service associated with the frames; and receiving, from one or more of the other internal network interconnect nodes ( 116 ) or from one or more of the internal network nodes ( 118, 120 ), frames at the network interface and forwarding according to a VLAN tagging forwarding process, by the network interconnect node ( 114 ), the frames to one or more of the other internal network interconnect nodes ( 116 ) or to one or more of the internal network nodes ( 118, 120 ) on a network link via the network interface or to the external network interconnect node ( 104 ) via the network interconnect interface based on at least one ...

ADAPTIVE SOURCE PORT GENERATION IN OVERLAY NETWORKS

In some embodiments, a method determines when a packet is fragmented into multiple fragmented packets in a flow between a first workload and a second workload. The method switches from generating an outer source port in the outer header using layer information from the inner header to using layer information from the inner header. A fragmented packet is encapsulated with the outer header that includes an outer source port value that is generated using the layer information. The method initiates a process to determine when to switch back to using layer information from the inner header to generate the outer source port. When it is determined to switch back to using layer information, the method switches back to using layer information from the inner header to generate the source port in the outer header of a packet from the first workload. 1. A method comprising:determining when a packet is fragmented into multiple fragmented packets in a flow between a first workload and a second workload, wherein the fragmented packets include an inner header that is encapsulated with an outer header;{'b': 4', '3', '3, 'switching from generating an outer source port in the outer header using layer information from the inner header to using layer information from the inner header, wherein the layer information is associated with a source address of the first workload and a destination address of the second workload;'}{'b': '3', 'encapsulating a fragmented packet with the outer header, wherein the outer header includes an outer source port value that is generated using the layer information;'}{'b': '4', 'initiating a process to determine when to switch back to using layer information from the inner header to generate the outer source port; and'}{'b': 4', '4, 'when it is determined to switch back to using layer information, switching back to using layer information from the inner header to generate the source port in the outer header of a packet from the first workload.'}24. The ...

Multi-Flow Compression

In one embodiment, a device includes a data compression engine configured to process data packets of multiple network flows received from a network, and compress respective groups of the received data packets into respective compressed packets for sending over the network, each respective compressed packet including respective ones of the received data packets from different ones of the network flows, wherein the network interface is configured to send the compressed packets over the network. 1. A device , comprising a data compression engine configured to:process data packets of multiple network flows received from a network; andcompress respective groups of the received data packets into respective compressed packets for sending over the network, each respective compressed packet including respective ones of the received data packets from different ones of the network flows, wherein the network interface is configured to send the compressed packets over the network.2. The device according to claim 1 , further comprising:a network interface configured to: receive the data packets of the multiple network flows from the network; and send the compressed packets over the network; andprocessing pipeline circuitry configured to process data of the received data packets in a pipeline.3. The device according to claim 1 , wherein the data compression engine is configured to select the respective groups of the received data packets for compression responsively to the received data packets of each of the respective groups having a respective similarity above a given threshold.4. The device according to claim 3 , wherein the data compression engine is configured to compare ones of the received data packets responsively to any one or more of the following: a Hamming distance comparison; an edit distance; or a statistical distance.5. The device according to claim 3 , wherein the data compression engine is configured to select the respective groups of the received data packets ...

Demultiplexing Bonded GRE Tunnels

A Hybrid Access (HYA) network for communicating between a Hybrid Access Gateway (HAG) and a Hybrid Access Customer Premises Equipment (HCPE) using a fixed wired connection and a wireless connection is presented. The HAG demultiplexes messages of bonded Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnels using a bonding key value, which is provided to the HCPE during bonded tunnel establishment. Communications through the bonded tunnels insert at least a portion of the bonding key value in a GRE Header, using the different bonding key values for the fixed wired connection and the corresponding wireless connection. The HAG groups messages from multiple connections of multiple HCPEs using the bonding key value in the GRE Header. 1. A Hybrid Access Gateway (HAG) , comprising:a receiver configured to receive a set-up request message from a Hybrid Access Customer Premises Equipment (HCPE);a processor coupled to the receiver and configured to generate a bonding key value to correspond to a connection of a plurality of connections to the HCPE, wherein the bonding key value comprises a first portion and a second portion; anda transmitter coupled to the processor and configured to transmit a set-up acceptance message to the HCPE, wherein the set-up acceptance message comprises an attribute having the bonding key value.2. The HAG of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the bonding key value is set by the HAG to identify the connection of the plurality of connections to the HCPE.3. The HAG of claim 2 , wherein the first portion of the bonding key value currently corresponding to a first connection to a HCPE is set to not conflict with the first portion of a second bonding key value currently corresponding to a second connection to the HCPE.4. The HAG of claim 1 , wherein the second portion of the bonding key value is a random number.5. The HAG of claim 1 , wherein the HAG is in communication with the HCPE via a fixed wired connection and a wireless connection.6. The HAG of claim 5 , ...

INFORMATION SENDING METHOD AND INFORMATION SENDING APPARATUS

An information sending method and an information sending apparatus are provided, which relate to the field of wireless communication technologies. A method includes acquiring state information of a receiver device; and determining a sending policy of to-be-sent information according to the state information. According to a method and apparatus in embodiments of the present application, a sending policy is determined according to state information of a receiver device, so that a receiver acquires information as much as it does not change a current state, thereby improving user experience of the receiver. 1. A method , comprising:acquiring, by a device comprising a processor, state information of a receiver device; anddetermining a sending policy of to-be-sent information according to the state information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acquiring the state information of the receiver device comprises:sending a request for acquiring the state information, the request comprising identification information of a target receiving device; andreceiving an acknowledgement to the request, the acknowledgement comprising the state information.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the state information comprises at least one of an application state or a system state of a target receiving device.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the application state comprises a currently running application.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the determining the sending policy of the to-be-sent information according to the state information comprises:determining the sending policy according to the application state of the target receiving device.6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the determining the sending policy of the to-be-sent information according to the state information comprises:determining the sending policy of sending the to-be-sent information in a manner corresponding to an application currently executing on the target receiving device.7. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ...

LOW-COMPLEXITY SYNCHRONIZATION HEADER DETECTION

A technique of separating a sequence of modulation shift keying (MSK) symbols into a first portion and a second portion and separately comparing the first portion of the sequence of MSK symbols and the second portion of the sequence of MSK symbols against a first portion of a reference sequence of MSK symbols and a second portion of the reference sequence of MSK symbols allows a low complexity detection of a start field delimiter in a wireless communication packet. 1. A start field delimiter detector for a wireless communications receiver , comprising:a minimum-shift keying (MSK) demodulation circuit, configured to translate offset quadrature phase shift keying chips into a plurality of sequences of MSK symbols;a first qualifier circuit, configured to compare a first portion of each of the plurality of sequences of MSK symbols against a first portion of each of a plurality of sequences of reference MSK symbols;a second qualifier module, configured to compare a second portion of each of the plurality of sequences of MSK symbols against a second portion of each of the plurality of sequences of reference MSK symbols, wherein the second portion of each of the plurality of sequences of reference MSK symbols is invariant; anda start field delimiter detector circuit configured to indicate detection of a start field delimiter in a wireless communications packet responsive to the first qualifier module indicating a successful match and the second qualifier module indicating a successful match.2. The start field delimiter detector of claim 1 ,wherein each sequence of the plurality of sequences of MSK symbols is a sequence of 32 MSK symbols, andwherein the first portion of each sequence of the plurality of sequences of MSK symbols is a first MSK symbol of the sequence of 32 MSK symbols.3. The start field delimiter detector of claim 1 ,wherein each sequence of the plurality of sequences of MSK symbols is a sequence of 32 MSK symbols, andwherein the second portion of each ...

METHOD, A COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, AND A CARRIER FOR INDICATING ONE-WAY LATENCY IN A DATA NETWORK

Disclosed herein is a method, a computer program product, and a carrier for indicating one-way latency in a data network (N) between a first node (A) and a second node (B), wherein the data network (N) lacks continuous clock synchronization, comprising: a pre-synchronisation step, a measuring step, a post-synchronisation step, an interpolation step, and generating a latency profile. The present invention also relates to a computer program product incorporating the method, a carrier comprising the computer program product, and a method for indicating server functionality based on the first aspect. 1. A method for generating a one-way latency profile in a network comprising:transmitting a plurality of pre-synchronization messages between a requester node comprising a first clock and a responder node comprising a second clock;calculating, a pre-synchronization offset value between said first clock and said second clock, using data in one of said pre-synchronization messages;transmitting a plurality of measuring messages comprising a sending time between said requester node and said responder node;recording, by said responder node, said sending time and a receiving time of each of said measuring messages;transmitting a plurality of post-synchronization messages between said requester node and said responder node;calculating, using a post-synchronization data set contained in one of said post-synchronization messages, a post-synchronization offset value between said first clock and said second clock;interpolating said sending and receiving times of said measuring messages with said pre-synchronization offset value and said post-synchronization offset value to generate said one-way latency profile from said plurality of latency measurements.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each pre-synchronization message has a minimum round trip time.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein said round trip time is calculated according to T−T−(T−T) claim 2 , where i is in an interval [1 . . . ...

Analysis of Simultaneous Multi-Point Packet Capture

Some embodiments provide a method for presenting packets captured in a network. The method identifies a first set of packets from a first packet group of multiple captured packet groups. The method identifies a second set of packets, that corresponds to the first set of packets, from a second packet group of the multiple captured packet groups. The method displays representations of the multiple captured packet groups. At least one of the first set of packets and the second set of packets are presented with a different appearance from other packets of their respective packet group. 1. A method for presenting packets captured in a network , the method comprising:identifying a first set of packets from a first packet group of a plurality of captured packet groups;identifying a second set of packets, that corresponds to the first set of packets, from a second packet group of the plurality of captured packet groups; anddisplaying representations of the plurality of captured packet groups, wherein at least one of the first set of packets and the second set of packets are presented with a different appearance from other packets of their respective packet group.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of packets comprises encapsulated versions of the first set of packets.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second set of packets comprises fragmented packets that result from the fragmentation of the particular set of packets.4. The method of further comprising:generating a first identifier for each packet in a plurality of packet groups; andgenerating a second identifier for each packet in the plurality of packet groups, wherein the first identifier for a first packet of a first packet group corresponds with the second identifier for a second packet of a second packet group.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein generating the first identifier comprises generating a hash value for a first portion of each packet and generating the second identifier comprises ...

DECOUPLING NETWORK CONNECTIONS FROM AN APPLICATION WHILE THE APPLICATION IS TEMPORARILY DOWN

Some embodiments provide a method for saving data communicated with an application during the application downtime. The method, in some embodiments, receives incoming data from an interface of a machine. The incoming data includes data that is originated by different resources to be sent to a particular application that executes on the machine. The method forwards the incoming data to the particular application when the particular application is available, and forwards the incoming data to a data storage to be buffered when the particular application is unavailable for receiving the incoming data. 1. A method for decoupling data communicated with an application from the application during the application's downtime , the method comprising:receiving incoming data from an interface of a machine, the incoming data originated by different resources to be sent to a particular application that executes on the machine;forwarding the incoming data to the particular application when the particular application is available for receiving the incoming data; andforwarding the incoming data to a data storage to be buffered when the particular application is unavailable for receiving the incoming data.2. The method of further comprising:subsequent to buffering the incoming data in the data storage, determining that the particular application is available for receiving data;receiving the buffered data from the data storage; andforwarding the buffered data to the particular application.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the particular application is unavailable for receiving the incoming data when the particular application is temporarily down.4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the particular application is temporarily down during an upgrade period.5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the interface comprises a virtual network interface controller of a virtual machine (VM).6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the VM executes on a particular host machine and receives the incoming data ...

VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK SERVICE ENDPOINTS

A customer may request a service endpoint for a service in their virtual network on a provider network. In response, a service endpoint is generated in the customer's virtual network, a local IP address in the IP address range of the customer's virtual network is assigned to the service endpoint, and a DNS name is assigned to the service endpoint. Resources on the customer's virtual network resolve the DNS name of the service endpoint to obtain the local IP address of the service endpoint and send service requests for the service to the local IP address of the service endpoint. The service endpoint adds routing information to the service requests and sends the service requests over the network substrate to be routed to the service. 1. A system , comprising;a first virtual network that implements a service executing on virtual machines on a provider network, wherein a frontend to the service is assigned an IP address on the first virtual network, and wherein a domain name system (DNS) name is associated with the service;a second virtual network including one or more virtual machines on the provider network; receive, via an application programming interface (API), a request to establish a service endpoint for the service on the second virtual network;', 'generate the service endpoint for the service on the second virtual network in response to the request, wherein the service endpoint is assigned a local IP address in an IP address range of the second virtual network;', 'assign a DNS name to the service endpoint on the second virtual network; and', 'generate routing information to encapsulate packets addressed to the local IP address for the service endpoint from the one or more virtual machines on the second virtual network, the routing information usable to route the packets through a network substrate of the provider network to the frontend of the service on the first virtual network., 'a control plane implemented by one or more devices on the provider, the control ...

TRANSMITTING APPARATUS, TRANSMITTING METHOD, RECEIVING APPARATUS, AND RECEIVING METHOD

Selective processing of media data is facilitated on a receiving side. 1. A transmitting apparatus , comprising:a transmitter configured to transmit a transmission stream using a plurality of modulation methods, wherein each transmission packet of the transmission stream includes media data and one of the plurality of modulation methods is selected for each transmission packet based on a kind of media included in the respective transmission packet; anda controller configured to insert identification information into a transmission packet, the identification information identifying the kind of media data included in the respective transmission packet,wherein the kind of the media data includes one of audio data of different qualities, video data of different resolutions, or combinations of video and audio data of different resolutions and qualities.2. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitter is configured to transmit the transmission stream using a physical layer pipe for each of the plurality of modulation methods.3. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitter is configured to selectively assign each of different kinds of the media data to a corresponding one of the plurality of modulation methods claim 1 , andthe transmitter is configured to transmit the transmission packets by modulating the transmission packets using one or more of the plurality of modulation methods.4. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the media data included in the transmission packets are modulated by changing to a different modulation method according to the kind of the media data included in the respective transmission packet claim 3 , andthe kind of the media data is media data that can be reproduced by a respective kind of receiving device.5. The transmitting apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein each transmission packet is a packet of an encapsulated layer obtained by encapsulating an IP packet.6. ...

Cell site architecture that supports 5g and legacy protocols

In modern networks, RRU and BBU equipment of an access point site typically handles traffic from a single sector. An RRU-BBU pair process that traffic (often limited to a single spectrum from a single sector) according to implemented capabilities and other equipment located further upstream perform functions that rely on information from multiple sectors. An integrated device (e.g., white box) can integrate the functionality of multiple RRU (or NR in 5G) and the functionality of multiple BBU (or DU/CU splits in 5G), which can reduce implementation footprint, costs, and can provide related services more efficiently without going upstream.

HANDLING PACKETS TRAVELLING TOWARDS LOGICAL SERVICE ROUTERS (SRs) FOR ACTIVE-ACTIVE STATEFUL SERVICE INSERTION

Example methods and computer systems for packet handling for active-active stateful service insertion are disclosed. One example may involve a computer system detecting a packet addressed from a source address to a service endpoint address. Based on configuration information associated with the service endpoint address, the computer system may identify a first active logical service router (SR) and a second active logical SR that are both associated with the service endpoint address and configured to operate in an active-active mode. The first active logical SR may be selected over the second active logical SR by mapping tuple information to the first active logical SR. The computer system may generate an encapsulated packet by encapsulating the packet with an outer header addressed to an outer destination address associated with the first active logical SR and send the encapsulated packet towards the first active logical SR for processing according to a stateful service. 1. A method for a computer system to perform packet handling for active-active stateful service insertion , wherein the method comprises:detecting a packet that is addressed from a source address to a service endpoint address;based on configuration information associated with the service endpoint address, identifying a first active logical service router (SR) and a second active logical SR that are both associated with the service endpoint address and configured to operate in an active-active mode;selecting the first active logical SR over the second active logical SR by mapping tuple information specified by the packet to the first active logical SR, wherein the tuple information includes the source address and the service endpoint address;generating an encapsulated packet by encapsulating the packet with an outer header that is addressed to an outer destination address associated with the first active logical SR; andsending the encapsulated packet towards the first active logical SR for ...

Systems and methods for performing layer one link aggregation over wireless links

A first layer one link aggregation master comprises a first port coupled to receive customer traffic; a first channel; a second channel; an aggregation engine coupled to the first and second channels; a first switch circuit coupled to the first port and to the first channel, and configured to communicate the customer traffic from the first port over the first channel to the aggregation engine, the aggregation engine including a splitter circuit configured to use layer one information to segment at least a portion of the customer traffic into a first virtual container and a second virtual container, the aggregation engine further including an encapsulation circuit configured to encapsulate the second virtual container using Ethernet standards for transport over the second channel; a radio access card configured to generate an air frame based on the first virtual container for wireless transmission over a first wireless link of a link aggregation group to the receiver; and a second switch circuit coupled to the second channel, and configured to communicate the Ethernet-encapsulated second virtual container over an Ethernet cable to a slave for wireless transmission over a second wireless link of the link aggregation group to the receiver.

CONFIGURATION DATA DISTRIBUTION METHOD AND APPARATUS

The present disclosure provides a configuration data distribution method, including: determining an encapsulation manner of configuration data according to identifiers of Optical Network Units (ONUs) and a preset corresponding relationship between the identifiers of the ONUs and the encapsulation manner of the configuration data of the ONUs; and encapsulating the configuration data according to the determined encapsulation manner, and distributing the encapsulated configuration data to corresponding gateways according to the encapsulation manner of the ONUs or the identifiers of the ONUs. 1. A configuration data distribution method , comprising:determining an encapsulation manner of configuration data according to identifiers of Optical Network Units (ONUs) and a preset corresponding relationship between the identifiers of the ONUs and the encapsulation manner of the configuration data of the ONUs; andencapsulating the configuration data according to the determined encapsulation manner, and distributing the encapsulated configuration data to corresponding gateways according to the encapsulation manner of the ONUs or the identifiers of the ONUs.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the determining the encapsulation manner of the configuration data according to the identifiers of ONUs and the preset corresponding relationship between the identifiers of the ONUs and the encapsulation manner of the configuration data of the ONUs comprises:determining a preset user data configuration template needed for encapsulating the configuration data according to the identifiers of the ONUs and the preset corresponding relationship between the identifiers of the ONUs and the encapsulation manner of the configuration data of the ONUs, wherein a data encapsulation manner is specified in the user data configuration template.3. The method according to claim 2 , further comprising:creating user data configuration templates corresponding to types of the gateways according to the ...

VXLAN Packet Transmission

In an example, a SDN controller may acquire a path maximum transmission unit (PMTU) of a Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) tunnel from a source VXLAN tunnel end point (VTEP) to a destination VTEP of a data packet, and may transmit a control entry to the source VTEP in such a way that an individual VXLAN packet has a length within the packet length corresponding to the PMTU. 1. A method for transmitting a Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) packet , includes:receiving, by a Software Defined Network (SDN) controller, a data packet uploaded from a source VXLAN tunnel end point (VTEP), wherein the data packet is to be transmitted from a source node to a destination node;acquiring, by the SDN controller, a path maximum transmission unit (PMTU) of a VXLAN tunnel from the source VTEP to a destination VTEP of the data packet; and encapsulate the data packet into a VXLAN packet of a length less than a packet length corresponding to the PMTU, and', 'transmit the VXLAN packet to the destination VTEP through the VXLAN tunnel., 'transmitting, by the SDN controller, a control entry to the source VTEP, so as to instruct the source VTEP to'}2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , transmitting the control entry to the source VTEP includes: encapsulate a data packet from the source node to the destination node into a VXLAN packet and', 'transmit the VXLAN packet to the destination VTEP through the VXLAN tunnel; and, 'distributing, by the SDN controller, a VXLAN flow entry with a global index identifier (ID) to the source VTEP according to a SDN management protocol, so as to instruct the source VTEP to'} 'fragment an Over-size packet matching the VXLAN flow entry before encapsulating the packet.', 'distributing, by the SDN controller, the global index ID of the VXLAN flow entry and the PMTU to the source VTEP according to a network management configuration protocol, so as to instruct the source VTEP to'}3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein ...

SERVICE VALIDATION USING EMULATED VIRTUAL CLIENTS

During operation, an electronic device may emulate client functionality associated with a virtual client in a wireless network, where emulating the client functionality includes generating a first frame that is compatible with a wireless communication protocol and is associated with fictious wireless communication with the virtual client. Then, the electronic device may provide, to a computer, a second frame that includes at least a portion of the first frame, where the second frame is compatible with a wired communication protocol. Next, the electronic device may receive, from the computer, a response message based at least in part on the first frame, where the response message includes information associated with a service provided by the computer. Moreover, the electronic device may assess the service based at least in part on the information and may selectively perform the remedial action based at least in part on the assessment. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a network interface circuit configured to communicate with a computer;a processor coupled to the network interface circuit; and emulating client functionality associated with a virtual client in a wireless network, wherein the virtual client is implemented in software in the electronic device, and wherein emulating the client functionality comprises generating a first frame that is compatible with a wireless communication protocol and is associated with fictious wireless communication with the virtual client;', 'providing, addressed to the computer, a second frame that comprises at least a portion of the first frame, wherein the second frame is compatible with a wired communication protocol;', 'receiving, associated with the computer, a response message based at least in part on the first frame, wherein the response message comprises information associated with a service provided by the computer;', 'assessing the service based at least in part on the information; and', 'selectively performing a ...

DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD AND RELATED APPARATUS

The application discloses a data transmission method and a related apparatus. A first device receives a connection establishment request and a target data feature that are sent from an analysis device. The connection establishment request includes a first connection parameter of the analysis device. The first device determines, based on the target data feature, a second device that collects data corresponding to the target data feature. The first device and the second device belong to a same distributed system. The first device determines a second connection parameter of the second device; and sends the first connection parameter, the second connection parameter and the target data feature to the second device. The second device establishes a connection to the analysis device based on the first connection parameter and the second connection parameter, and transmits the data corresponding to the target data feature to the analysis device through the established connection. 1. A data transmission method , comprising:receiving, by a first device, a connection establishment request and a target data feature that are sent from an analysis device, the connection establishment request comprising a first connection parameter of the analysis device;determining, by the first device based on the target data feature, a second device that collects data corresponding to the target data feature, wherein the first device and the second device belong to a distributed system;determining, by the first device, a second connection parameter of the second device; andsending, by the first device, the first connection parameter, the second connection parameter and the target data feature to the second device, so that the second device establishes a connection to the analysis device based on the first connection parameter and the second connection parameter, and transmits the data corresponding to the target data feature to the analysis device through the established connection.2. The ...

DATA TRAFFIC PROCESSING METHOD, DEVICE, AND SYSTEM

This application provides a data traffic processing method, a device, and a system. The method includes: receiving, by a first network device on a first link, a first VXLAN packet sent by a second network device, where the first VXLAN packet includes a first sequence number and a first service packet; decapsulating, by the first network device, the first VXLAN packet; receiving, by the first network device on a second link, a second VXLAN packet sent by the second network device, where the second VXLAN packet includes a second sequence number and a second service packet; and when the first network device determines that the second sequence number is a next sequence number of the first sequence number, decapsulating, by the first network device, the second VXLAN packet. 117-. (canceled)18. A method comprising:receiving, by a first network device of a virtual extensible local area network (VXLAN) on a first link, a first VXLAN packet sent by a second network device, the VXLAN comprising the first network device and the second network device, the first network device connected to the second network device through a VXLAN tunnel, and the VXLAN tunnel comprising the first link and a second link, wherein the first VXLAN packet comprises a first sequence number and a first service packet, and the first sequence number indicates a location of the first service packet in a plurality of service packets;decapsulating, by the first network device, the first VXLAN packet;receiving, by the first network device on the second link, a second VXLAN packet sent by the second network device, wherein the second VXLAN packet comprises a second sequence number and a second service packet, and the second sequence number indicates a location of the second service packet in the plurality of service packets;after the first network device decapsulates the first VXLAN packet, determining, by the first network device, whether the second service packet is a next service packet of the first ...

ON-DEMAND SECURITY ASSOCIATION MANAGEMENT

An ingress network element obtains data from a source endpoint associated with the ingress network element. The data identifies a destination endpoint remote from the ingress network element. The ingress network element provides a map request identifying the destination endpoint to a mapping server. The ingress network element obtains a map reply including a network address of an egress network element associated with the destination endpoint and a security association. The ingress network element encrypts the data for the destination endpoint with the security association according to a cryptographic policy based on the source endpoint, the destination endpoint, and the availability of cryptographic resources on the network. The ingress network element provides the encrypted data to the egress network element. 1. A method comprising:at a first network element among a plurality of network elements, obtaining data from a first endpoint associated with the first network element, the data identifying a destination of a second endpoint remote from the first network element;providing a map request to a mapping server, the map request identifying the second endpoint;obtaining a map reply from the mapping server, the map reply including a network address of a second network element associated with the second endpoint and a security association;generating encrypted data by encrypting the data for the second endpoint with the security association according to a cryptographic policy based on the first endpoint, the second endpoint, and an availability of cryptographic resources on the plurality of network elements; andproviding the encrypted data to the second network element.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:obtaining an updated security association from the mapping server, the updated security association based on an updated cryptographic policy;generating updated encrypted data by encrypting subsequent data for the second endpoint with the updated security ...

CONTEXT AWARE MIDDLEBOX SERVICES AT DATACENTER EDGE

Some embodiments of the invention provide a novel architecture for capturing contextual attributes on host computers that execute one or more machines and providing the captured contextual attributes to middlebox service engines executing at the edge of a physical datacenter. In some embodiments, the middlebox service engines run in an edge host (e.g., an NSX Edge) that provides routing services and connectivity to external networks (e.g., networks external to an NSX-T deployment). Some embodiments execute a context header insertion processor that receives contextual attributes relating to network events and/or process events on the machines collected using a guest-introspection (GI) agent on each machine. In some embodiments, the context header insertion processor uses these contextual attributes to generate a header including data regarding the contextual attributes (a “context header”) that is used to encapsulate a data message that is processed by the SFE. 1. A method for performing a service operation on data message sent from a first datacenter to a second datacenter , the first datacenter comprising a plurality of host computers and at least one edge gateway that connects the first datacenter to a second datacenter , the method comprising: receiving, from the first machine, a data message that is destined for a second machine in the second datacenter;', 'receiving, from an agent executing on the first machine, a set of contextual data related to the data message, the contextual data comprising a set of attributes other than L2-L4 header values of the data message;', 'encapsulating the data message with an encapsulation header and storing data regarding at least a subset of the received contextual attributes in the encapsulation header; and', 'forwarding the encapsulated data message to the edge gateway to perform a context-based service operation on the data message before forwarding the data message to the second datacenter., 'on a host computer executing a ...

METHOD FOR PROVIDING DISTRIBUTED GATEWAY SERVICE AT HOST COMPUTER

Some embodiments of the invention provide a novel network architecture for providing edge services of a virtual private cloud (VPC) at host computers hosting machines of the VPC. The host computers in the novel network architecture are reachable from external networks through a gateway router of an availability zone (AZ). The gateway router receives a data message from the external network addressed to one or more data compute nodes (DCNs) in the VPC and forwards the data message to a particular host computer identified as providing a distributed edge service for the VPC. The particular host computer, upon receiving the forwarded data message, performs the distributed edge service and provides the serviced data message to a destination DCN. 1. A method for a particular host computer in a plurality of host computers that together implement a virtual private cloud (VPC) that includes a plurality of data compute nodes (DCNs) executing on the plurality of host computers , the method comprising: receiving a data message from a gateway device of a datacenter that receives the data message from an external network, the data message addressed to one or more data compute nodes (DCNs) in the VPC and forwards the data message to the host computer;', 'performing a distributed edge service for the logical network; and', 'providing the serviced data message to a destination DCN., 'at the particular host computer executing at least one DCN that is part of the VPC2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gateway device receives the data message from an external network based on a destination address associated with the distributed service and encapsulates the data message to direct the data message to the host computer.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the destination address is an internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) address associated with the distributed service and the encapsulation header comprises an IP version 6 (IPv6) destination address associated with the service instance ...

METHOD FOR TRANSFERRING INFORMATION ACROSS A DATA CENTER NETWORK

Packets in a data communications network are encapsulated by an encapsulation module on a sending computer and decapsulated on the receiver computer, the transmission of data packets being controlled by credit sent by the receiving computer. When overloaded, network switches trim the payload from packets; trimmed packets inform the receiving computer of the demands of the sending computer. 1. A method of transferring data between a sending computer and a receiving computer across a packet switched communications network , wherein the data originates from a sending protocol on the sending computer and is destined for a receiving protocol on the receiving computer , the method comprising the steps of:encapsulating data packets from the sending protocol in an additional packet header by an encapsulation module distinct from the sending protocol before the data packets leave the sending computer wherein the additional packet header contains a sequence number used to identify the data packet;sending encapsulated data packets to the receiving computer;network switches in the packet switched communications network trimming a payload of the encapsulated data packets if too many encapsulated data packets arrive to be forwarded towards the receiving computer;receiving the encapsulated data packets through the packet switched communications network onto the receiving computer and sending a request to the sending computer to resend trimmed data from the trimmed data packets; anddecapsulating the encapsulated data packets at the receiving computer by removing the additional packet header after the data packets arrive at the receiving computer but before they are processed by the receiving protocol.2. The method of claim 1 , characterized in that one or more steps performed by said encapsulation module are performed using a CPU core that is part of a network interface card in the sending computer.3. The method of claim 1 , characterized in that the sending protocol is ...

DATA STORAGE METHOD AND DEVICE

The present disclosure provides a data storage method and device. The data storage method includes: receiving data by a simulating device from a client operating system; encapsulating the data in a user space of a host system according to a protocol used by a storage server; and sending the encapsulated data to the storage server for storage. The method can realize storing data in the storage server, thereby shortening the I/O path, improving the I/O throughput of a system, reducing the CPU load, and optimizing the system performance. 1. A method for data storage , comprising:receiving data by a simulating device from a client operating system;encapsulating by the simulating device, the data in a user space of a host system according to a protocol used by a storage server;sending by the simulating device, encapsulated data to the storage server for storage.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , the simulating device is achieved on the host system based on a virtual machine monitor claim 1 , the simulating device is a block device of a Peripheral Component Interconnect standard PCI interface claim 1 , the client operating system is configured to drive the simulating device using a block device driver claim 1 , and the client operating system is running on the virtual machine monitor.3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein claim 2 , data is transferred between the simulating device and the client operating system by a means of sharing memory claim 2 , and data access is realized by passing a physical address of a memory stored with the data between the simulating device and the client operating system.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein claim 1 , sending the encapsulated data to the storage server for storage comprises:sending the encapsulated data by the simulating device to the storage server for storage through a network communication protocol stack.5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein claim 4 , sending the encapsulated data by ...

NETWORK LAYER METHOD OF CONFIGURATION OF A BARE-METAL SERVER IN A VIRTUAL NETWORK

Methods, systems and software program products for configuring a virtual network port for a physical server to support packets transfer between the physical server and other network nodes in a virtual network, comprising transmitting one or more configuration Protocol Data Units (PDU) comprising extension configuration message(s) of a network management protocol to a network circuitry connecting a physical server to a network. One or more of the extension configuration message comprise one or more virtual network settings for a virtual network port mapping the physical server in a virtual network. The network circuitry is configured to deploy the virtual network port to support exchange of packets between the physical server and one or more of a plurality of nodes of the virtual network by encapsulating and de-capsulating outgoing and incoming packets according to one or more virtual network encapsulation protocols using one or more of the virtual network settings. 1. A method of configuring a virtual network port for a physical server to support packets transfer between the physical server and other network nodes in a virtual network , comprising:using at least one processor for:transmitting at least one configuration Protocol Data Unit (PDU) comprising at least one extension configuration message of a network management protocol to a network circuitry connecting a physical server to a network, the at least one extension configuration message comprising at least one virtual network setting for a virtual network port mapping the physical server in a virtual network;wherein the network circuitry is configured to deploy the virtual network port to support exchange of packets between the physical server and at least one of a plurality of nodes of the virtual network by encapsulating and de-capsulating outgoing and incoming packets according to at least one virtual network encapsulation protocol using the at least one virtual network setting.2. The method of claim 1 , ...

EAST-WEST SERVICE INSERTION IN PUBLIC CLOUD ENVIRONMENTS

Example methods and computer systems are provided for east-west service insertion in a public cloud environment. An example method may comprise detecting an egress packet that is destined for a second endpoint located in the same virtual network as a first endpoint. The method may also comprise: in response to determination that service insertion is required, identifying a service path based on a service insertion rule; generating an encapsulated packet by encapsulating the egress packet with an outer header that is addressed from the first endpoint to a network device; and sending the encapsulated packet to cause the network device to send the egress packet towards the service path, thereby steering the egress packet towards the service path for processing. 1. A method for a first endpoint to perform east-west service insertion in a public cloud environment that includes a first virtual network and a second virtual network , wherein the method comprises:detecting an egress packet that is destined for a second endpoint, wherein both the first endpoint and the second endpoint are located in the first virtual network; and based on the service insertion rule, identifying a service path that is configured to process the egress packet according to one or more services;', 'generating an encapsulated packet by encapsulating the egress packet with an outer header that is addressed from the first endpoint to a network device, wherein the network device is located in the first virtual network or the second virtual network, and connects the first endpoint with the service path; and', 'sending the encapsulated packet to cause the network device to send the egress packet towards the service path, thereby steering the egress packet towards the service path for processing., 'in response to determination that service insertion is required for the egress packet by matching one or more characteristics of the egress packet to a service insertion rule configured for the first endpoint ...

EFFICIENT TRANSPORT OF ENCAPSULATED MEDIA TRAFFIC OVER RESTRICTIVE NETWORKS

A system that transmits encapsulated media receives a first request to establish a tunnel with a stream based transport layer, the first request including a tag. The system receives a second request to establish the tunnel with a datagram based transport layer, the second request including the tag. The system establishes the tunnel with the stream based transport layer and receives the encapsulated media over the stream based transport layer. The system establishes the datagram based transport layer for the tunnel in addition to the stream based transport layer and receives the encapsulated media over the datagram based transport layer. The system then releases the stream based transport layer. 1. A method of transmitting encapsulated media , the method comprising:receiving a first request to establish a tunnel with a stream based transport layer, the first request comprising a tag;receiving a second request to establish the tunnel with a datagram based transport layer, the second request comprising the tag;establishing the tunnel with the stream based transport layer and receiving the encapsulated media over the stream based transport layer;establishing the datagram based transport layer for the tunnel in addition to the stream based transport layer and receiving the encapsulated media over the datagram based transport layer; andreleasing the stream based transport layer.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the tunnel is established according to a tunneled services control function (TSCF) standard.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stream based transport layer transmits the encapsulated media using a transmission control protocol (TCP).4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the datagram based transport layer transmits the encapsulated media using a User Datagram Protocol (UDP).5. The method of claim 1 , wherein establishing the tunnel comprises assigning a tunnel identifier and Internet Protocol address to the tunnel.6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ...

Integrated information communication system

To provide an integrated information communication system without using dedicated lines or the Internet, ensuring communication speed, communication quality, communication trouble countermeasures in a unified manner, wherein security and reliability in communication is ensured. The system is comprised of an access control apparatus for connecting a plurality of computer communication networks or information communication equipment to each, and a relay device for networking the aforementioned access control apparatus, the system having functions for performing routing by transferring information by a unified address system, and is configured such that the aforementioned plurality of computer communication networks or information communication equipment can perform communications in an interactive manner.

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A PATH MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT (MTU) BETWEEN ENDPOINTS OF A GENERIC ROUTING ENCAPSULATION (GRE) TUNNEL

A method of path MTU determination in Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel is presented. A source network device (ND) transmits, to a destination ND that is a second endpoint of the GRE tunnel, a first outer packet including a first inner packet, where the first inner packet includes a first inner header that is used to deliver the first inner packet to the source network device, a first inner GRE header, and a first payload. The source ND receives the first inner packet. The source ND transmits a second outer packet including a second inner packet that includes a second payload that has a size greater than a size of the first payload. The source ND determines that the second inner packet is not received and determines a path MTU between the source ND and the destination ND based on a size of the first and the second outer packets. 1. A method in a source network device that is a first endpoint of a Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel , the method comprising:transmitting, to a destination network device, a first outer packet including a first outer header that is used to transmit the first outer packet to the destination network device, a first outer GRE header, and a first inner packet, wherein the first inner packet includes a first inner header that is used to deliver the first inner packet to the source network device, a first inner GRE header, and a first payload, and wherein the destination network device is a second endpoint of a GRE tunnel;receiving the first inner packet;transmitting, to the destination network device, a second outer packet including a second outer header that is used to transmit the second outer packet to the destination network device, a second outer GRE header, and a second inner packet, wherein the second inner packet includes a second inner header that is used to deliver the second inner packet to the source network device, a second inner GRE header, and a second payload that has a size that is greater than a size of the ...

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR PERFORMING LAYER ONE LINK AGGREGATION OVER WIRELESS LINKS

A first layer one link aggregation master comprises a first port coupled to receive customer traffic; a first channel; a second channel; an aggregation engine coupled to the first and second channels; a first switch circuit coupled to the first port and to the first channel, and configured to communicate the customer traffic from the first port over the first channel to the aggregation engine, the aggregation engine including a splitter circuit configured to use layer one information to segment at least a portion of the customer traffic into a first virtual container and a second virtual container, the aggregation engine further including an encapsulation circuit configured to encapsulate the second virtual container using Ethernet standards for transport over the second channel; a radio access card configured to generate an air frame based on the first virtual container for wireless transmission over a first wireless link of a link aggregation group to the receiver; and a second switch circuit coupled to the second channel, and configured to communicate the Ethernet-encapsulated second virtual container over an Ethernet cable to a slave for wireless transmission over a second wireless link of the link aggregation group to the receiver. 1. A layer one link aggregation terminal configured to transmit customer traffic to a receiving terminal , the layer one link aggregation terminal comprising:an antenna system configured to assist in establishing a first wireless link of a link aggregation group with a receiving terminal, and to assist in establishing a second wireless link of the link aggregation group with the receiving terminal;a cable; a first port coupled to receive customer traffic;', 'an aggregation engine including a splitter circuit configured to use layer one information to segment at least a portion of the customer traffic into a first virtual container and a second virtual container, the aggregation engine further including an encapsulation circuit ...

METHOD FOR ACCESS NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION AND PROXY NODE

An embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for access network virtualization and a proxy node, relates to a technical field of communication, and does not need to modify an existing management system when a new type of access network node is added into an original access network. The method of the present invention comprises: a proxy node establishing a relationship mapping table; the proxy node receiving a packet sent by a management system; the proxy node querying the relationship mapping table according to first parameter information to obtain second parameter information; and sending the packet to a remote access node corresponding to the second parameter information according to the second parameter information. The present invention is applicable to a proxy node. 1. A method for access network virtualization , applied in a system comprising a first remote access node and a second remote access node , a proxy node and a management system , wherein the method comprises:establishing, by the proxy node, a relationship mapping table, wherein the relationship mapping table comprises a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship, wherein the first mapping relationship comprises an Internet protocol (IP) address of a virtual access node (AN), a first user side port of the virtual AN and a user side port of the first remote access node, wherein the second mapping relationship comprises the IP address of the virtual AN, a second user side port of the virtual AN and a user side port of the second remote access node, wherein the remote access node is virtualized as the virtual AN, wherein the virtual AN is a device which the management system is capable of managing;receiving a packet sent by the management system;querying the relationship mapping table according to first parameter information carried in the packet to obtain second parameter information, wherein the first parameter information comprises the IP address of the virtual AN and ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING INTERACTIVE DATA BETWEEN HETEROGENEOUS DEVICES

A method for communicating interactive data between heterogeneous devices, comprising receiving, by an intermediary computing device via a first wireless interface from a first computing device, interactive data from at least one sensor of the first computing device; extracting, by the intermediary computing device, at least one data string from the received interactive data; encapsulating, by the intermediary computing device, the extracted at least one data string in a transport layer header; and transmitting, by the intermediary computing device via a second wireless interface to a second computing device, the encapsulated at least one data string, wherein the second computing device extracts the at least one data string from the encapsulated transmission and forwards the at least one data string to a virtual human interface device (HID) driver executed by an operating system of the second computing device. 1. A method for communicating interactive data between heterogeneous devices , comprising:receiving, by an intermediary computing device via a first wireless interface from a first computing device, interactive data from at least one sensor of the first computing device;extracting, by the intermediary computing device, at least one data string from the received interactive data;encapsulating, by the intermediary computing device, the extracted at least one data string in a transport layer header; and 'wherein the second computing device extracts the at least one data string from the encapsulated transmission and inserts the at least one data string into memory of [[to]] a virtual human interface device (HID) driver executed by an operating system of the second computing device.', 'transmitting, by the intermediary computing device via a second wireless interface to a second computing device, the encapsulated at least one data string,'}2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first wireless interface is a Bluetooth wireless interface claim 1 , and wherein the ...

Automatically Detecting and Correcting Missing and Misconfigured Security Attributes

Some embodiments provide automated and intelligent security configuration at the network edge. A server tasked with distributing content provider content automatically detects and modifies attributes in the content provider content in order to close potential security vulnerabilities prior to redistributing that content on behalf of the content provider to different recipients. The vulnerabilities can arise from the content provider misconfiguring attributes or omitting certain security attributes when creating the content. The server can provide a default or customized set of protections, wherein the customized protections are specific to each content provider or the content of each content provider. 1. A method comprising:retrieving from a content provider, at least one packet encapsulating content provider content;inspecting a header of said packet;detecting at least one security vulnerability based on security attributes defined in the packet header;modifying the packet header by changing an attribute in said header, wherein changing the attribute closes said security vulnerability; andserving the packet with the modified header in response to a request for said content provider content.2. The method of further comprising storing the packet with the modified header to cache.3. The method of claim 2 , wherein serving the packet comprises receiving a request for the content provider content and serving the packet with the modified header from said cache without accessing the content provider.4. The method of further comprising receiving a set of security attributes defined by the content provider.5. The method of claim 4 , wherein detecting the at least one security vulnerability comprises retrieving the set of security attributes defined by the content provider and identifying the at least one security vulnerability based on at least one security attribute defined in the packet header not matching to at least one security attribute defined by the content provider ...

MAC AND PHYSICAL LAYER TECHNIQUES FOR ENABLING COMMUNICATIONS ON SHARED PHYSICAL MEDIUM WITH MULTI-DROP CAPABILITY

An apparatus includes at least one transceiver configured to transmit or receive at least one data signal over a shared physical medium. The physical medium includes a bus configured to be coupled to multiple devices including the apparatus and provides a multi-drop capability. The at least one transceiver is configured to transmit or receive the at least one data signal at a rate of more than 10 Mbps. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a MAC driver configured to route network layer data over the physical medium. In other embodiments, the apparatus includes a MAC driver configured to control transmissions and receptions of network layer data over the physical medium by the at least one transceiver and a logic device configured to control physical layer signaling, interface with the MAC driver, enable the transmissions and receptions of the network layer data on the physical medium, and implement collision detection and avoidance. 1. An apparatus comprising:at least one transceiver configured to transmit or receive at least one clock signal and at least one data signal over a shared physical medium, the shared physical medium comprising a bus configured to be coupled to multiple devices including the apparatus and providing a multi-drop capability, the at least one transceiver configured to transmit or receive the signals at a rate of more than 10 megabits per second (Mbps); anda media access control (MAC) driver configured to exchange network layer data over the shared physical medium.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the MAC driver is configured to:determine that the apparatus is functioning in a master mode; andcause the at least one transceiver to transmit the at least one clock signal over the shared physical medium in response to determining that the apparatus is functioning in the master mode.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the MAC driver is configured to cause the at least one transceiver to receive the at least one clock signal over the ...

Channel Data Encapsulation System and Method for Use with Client-Server Data Channels

Systems and methods are disclosed that relate to network security to monitor and report threats in network traffic of a datacenter. For example, one embodiment discloses a method of receiving, by a first security microservice, a first channel data encapsulation packet encapsulating a first encapsulation context and a first encapsulated data, performing a security service on the first encapsulated data using the first encapsulation context, transmitting by the first security microservice a second channel data encapsulation packet to a second security microservice, wherein the second channel encapsulation packet comprises a request for security services, receiving by the first security microservice a response from the second security microservice comprising a second security microservice context, a second security microservice timestamp, and a second security microservice load. The first security microservice further generates a timestamp and a load included in a response to the first channel data encapsulation packet. 1. A method comprising:receiving, by a first security microservice, a first channel data encapsulation packet encapsulating a first encapsulation context and a first encapsulated data;performing a security service on the first encapsulated data using the first encapsulation context;transmitting, by the first security microservice, a second channel data encapsulation packet to a second security microservice, wherein the second channel encapsulation packet comprises a request for security services;receiving, by the first security microservice, a response from the second security microservice comprising a second security microservice context, a second security microservice timestamp, and a second security microservice load;generating, by the first security microservice, a timestamp and a load; andtransmitting, by the first security microservice, a response to the first channel data encapsulation packet;wherein the response includes the timestamp and load ...

Method for managing remote device through management device

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a data transmission method, applied to a first device. The first device is connected to a management device and a second device. The method includes: receiving, by the first device, a first request sent by the management device, where the first request includes a device identifier of the second device; generating a second request based on the first request, and sending the second request to the second device; receiving feedback information generated after the second device executes the second request, and sending the feedback information to the management device. By implementing the embodiments of the present invention, an existing problem can be resolved: Normal service communication and service performance are affected because the management device cannot communicate with the second device and therefore cannot manage the second device.

Data transmission

Aspects relating to data transmission are described herein. In an implementation, in a method for data transmission, a tunneling protocol header is appended to a payload to obtain an encapsulated data packet, and at least one field is modified in the tunneling protocol header to indicate at least one of an access network (108) and a core network (108) for transmitting the encapsulated data packet, and the access network (108) and the core network (110) belong to different communication networks (104). Further, based on the tunneling protocol header, the encapsulated data packet is delivered to a routing unit for transmission.

MONITORING DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD AND RELATED DEVICE

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a monitoring data transmission method and a related device. The method in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: receiving, by a protocol conversion device, first monitoring data sent by a transponder, where the first monitoring data is monitoring data transmitted by using a first protocol; obtaining, by the protocol conversion device, second monitoring data based on the first monitoring data and a second protocol, where the second monitoring data is data transmitted by using the second protocol, the second monitoring data includes indication information and payload, and the indication information is used to indicate that the payload is monitoring data; and sending, by the protocol conversion device, the second monitoring data to a headend. An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides the protocol conversion device and the headend device, so as to save the transmission resources and increase the integration level. 1. A method , comprising:receiving, by a protocol conversion device, first monitoring data sent by a transponder, wherein the first monitoring data comprises monitoring data transmitted by using a first protocol;obtaining, by the protocol conversion device, second monitoring data based on the first monitoring data and a second protocol, wherein the second monitoring data comprises data transmitted by using the second protocol,indication information and payload, and the indication information indicates that the payload is monitoring data; andsending, by the protocol conversion device, the second monitoring data to a headend device.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein obtaining claim 1 , the second monitoring data comprises:decapsulating, by the protocol conversion device, the first monitoring data to obtain the payload; andencapsulating, by the protocol conversion device, the payload based on the second protocol and the indication information, to obtain the second monitoring data.3. The ...

System And Method For Virtual Multipath Data Transport

A computer system splits data to be transmitted into a plurality of reliable connections which are multiplexed through a smaller number of unacknowledged connections, such as connections that do not require acknowledgment and which may be VPN tunnels. A receiver then demultiplexes data received to obtain data flows over the reliable connections and transmits separate acknowledgements for each reliable connection. The computer system demultiplexes the acknowledgments and provides them to the corresponding reliable connections, which then retransmit any unacknowledged data. Delivery controllers executing on the computer system may be coupled to corresponding controllers executing on the receiver, with traffic between the delivery controllers (payload and acknowledgments) being multiplexed over one or more unacknowledged connections. In some embodiments, acknowledgments may be transmitted over a connection that is not multiplexed over the unacknowledged connections. 1. A method comprising:providing, by a computer system, one or more first network connections to a remote computing device;receiving, by the computer system, an instruction to transmit payload data to the remote computing device; and (i) dividing, by the computer system, the payload data into data portions;', '(ii) transmitting, by the computer system, the data portions over a second number of second network connections;', '(iii) multiplexing, by the computer system, the data portions transmitted over the second network connections through a first number of one or more first network connections, the first number being smaller than the second number;', '(iv) receiving, by the computer system, one or more acknowledgements corresponding to at least parts of one or more of the data portions, each acknowledgment of the one or more acknowledgments referencing a second network connection of the second network connections;', '(v) demultiplexing, by the computer system, each acknowledgment of the one or more ...

Encapsulating data packets using an adaptive tunnelling protocol

Some embodiments of the invention provide a novel method of tunneling data packets. The method establishes a tunnel between a first forwarding element and a second forwarding element. For each data packet directed to the second forwarding element from the first forwarding element, the method encapsulates the data packet with a header that includes a tunnel option. The method then sends the data packet from the first forwarding element to the second forwarding element through the established tunnel. In some embodiments, the data packet is encapsulated using a protocol that is adapted to change with different control plane implementations and the implementations' varying needs for metadata.

PACKET FORWARDING

A method and device for forwarding a packet are disclosed. When a first access device connected with a database server is to be configured with a mirror image rule, an SDN controller can transmit a mirror image rule adding message carrying the mirror image rule to the first access device. Where, the mirror image rule comprises an IP address of the database server, a MAC address of a database audit device connected with a second access device and a VXLAN tunnel between the first access device and the second access device. When receiving a database access packet whose destination IP address is an IP address of the database server, the first access device may replace a destination MAC address of a mirror packet for the database access packet with a MAC address of the database audit device according to the mirror image rule and forward the encapsulated VXLAN packet. 1. A method of forwarding a packet , comprising: 'the mirror image rule comprises an internet protocol (IP) address of the database server connected with the first access device, a media access control (MAC) address of a database audit device connected with a second access device, and a virtual extensible LAN (VXLAN) tunnel between the first access device and the second access device; and', 'determining, by a software defined network (SDN) controller, that a first access device connected with a database server is to be configured with a mirror image rule, wherein'} obtain a mirror packet by mirroring the database access packet,', 'replace a destination MAC address of the mirror packet with the MAC address of the database audit device according to the mirror image rule,', 'perform VXLAN encapsulation on the replaced mirror packet, and', 'forward the encapsulated VXLAN packet., 'transmitting, by the SDN controller, a mirror image rule adding message carrying the mirror image rule to the first access device so as to cause the first access device to, after receiving a database access packet whose destination IP ...

COMPUTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING THE TUNNELING OF IP PACKETS

Computing devices and methods for transmitting and receiving optimized tunneling IP packets. At the entry point of a tunnel, an IP packet comprising at least one header is received. If data comprised in one of the at least one header of the received IP packet are redundant with data comprised in one or more tunneling header of a tunneling IP packet, then the redundant header is removed from the received IP packet. The tunneling IP packet encapsulating the received IP packet (with its redundant header removed) is transmitted. A header removal field is positioned in the tunneling IP packet to indicate the positive determination of redundancy. At the exit point of the tunnel, the tunneling IP packet is received. The header removal field and the one or more tunneling header of the tunneling IP packet are used for identifying the previous determination of redundancy and recreating the removed header. 1. A computing device comprising:a communication interface; and receiving via the communication interface an Internet Protocol (IP) packet comprising at least one header;', 'generating one or more tunneling header of a tunneling IP packet for tunneling the received IP packet;', 'determining if data comprised in one of the at least one header of the received IP packet are redundant with data comprised in the one or more tunneling header of the tunneling IP packet;', 'if the determination is positive, removing the header comprising the redundant data from the received IP packet and setting the value of a header removal field in one of the one or more tunneling header of the tunneling IP packet to indicate the positive determination of redundancy;', 'if the determination is negative, positioning the value of the header removal field to indicate the negative determination of redundancy; and', 'generating the tunneling IP packet comprising the one or more tunneling header, the generation of the tunneling IP packet including encapsulating the received IP packet into the tunneling ...

Cloud services management systems utilizing in-band communication conveying situational awareness

A cloud system includes a plurality of cloud nodes configured to implement a cloud service which is used by a plurality of clients; a cloud management system communicatively coupled to the plurality of cloud nodes and configured to manage the plurality of cloud nodes; and a probe endpoint service executed on a cloud node, wherein a client is configured to utilize the cloud service based on a connection between the client and the cloud node executing the probe endpoint service, wherein the client is configured to execute a probe client, wherein the probe client is configured to periodically transmit probes and receive probe responses which are either empty responses denoting connectivity or a response body with maintenance or situational data contained therein, and wherein the probe client is configured to perform mitigation actions based on reception of the data. 1. A cloud system comprising:a plurality of cloud nodes communicatively coupled to the Internet, wherein the plurality of cloud nodes are configured to implement a cloud service which is used by a plurality of clients;a cloud management system communicatively coupled to the plurality of cloud nodes and configured to manage the plurality of cloud nodes; anda probe endpoint service executed on a cloud node,wherein a client is configured to utilize the cloud service based on a connection between the client and the cloud node executing the probe endpoint service, wherein the client is configured to execute a probe client,wherein the probe client is configured to periodically transmit probes to the probe endpoint service and receive probe responses which are either empty responses denoting connectivity or a response body with maintenance or situational data contained therein, andwherein the probe client is configured to perform mitigation or remedial actions based on reception of the maintenance or situational data and associated policy.2. The cloud system of claim 1 , wherein the probe is a Hypertext Transfer ...

Allocation of tokens for network packets based on application type

Described herein are systems, methods, and software to manage the deployment and use of application identifier tokens in a distributed firewall environment. In one implementation, a computing environment generates tokens associated with application types executing on virtual nodes in the computing environment. After generating the tokens, the computing environment provides at least one token of the tokens to each of the virtual nodes based on at least one application type executing on the virtual node. When a communication is identified in the virtual node associated with an application, the virtual node may encapsulate the communication and a corresponding token in a packet and forward the packet via a virtual network interface associated with the virtual node.

INTELLIGENT CONTROLLER AND SENSOR NETWORK BUS, SYSTEM AND METHOD INCLUDING GENERIC ENCAPSULATION MODE

A machine automation system for controlling and operating an automated machine. The system includes a controller and sensor bus including a central processing core and a multi-medium transmission intranet for implementing a dynamic burst to broadcast transmission scheme where messages are burst from nodes to the central processing core and broadcast from the central processing core to all of the nodes. 2. The system of claim 1 , wherein a header of the GEM format comprises:a source/destination field that identifies one of the ports as a source of the message or one or more of the nodes and the subnodes as the destination of the message; anda GEM packet identifier field that identifies one or more of the ports targeted by the message.3. The system of claim 2 , wherein values of the source/destination field are selected from a first set of epoch identifier values when identifying the one of the ports as a source of the message and are selected from a second set of node identifier values when identifying the one or more of the nodes and the subnodes as the destination of the message.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the values of the GEM packet identifier field are selected from a third set of GEM identifier values and each of the node identifier values map to one or more of the epoch identifier values which each map to one or more of the GEM identifier values.5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the header of the GEM format comprises a GEM packet type field that indicates the original format and header type of the message that is encapsulated within the GEM format.6. The system of claim 1 , wherein a header of the GEM format includes a source identifier field that indicates a source of the message and a report message type field that indicates whether reported data within the message does not relate to the source of the message indicated in the source identifier field.7. The system of claim 1 , wherein a header of the GEM format includes a start-time field that ...

Transporting A Multi-Transport Network Context-Identifier (MTNC-ID) Across Multiple Domains

A method performed by a Next Generation Node B (gNB) in a communications system implementing User Datagram Protocol (UDP) comprises indicating that a data packet comprises a multi-transport network context-identifier (MTNC-ID) corresponding to a forwarding path and being associated with a set of resource provisioning requirements for one or more transport networks on the forwarding path to provision transport resources for traffic forwarding on the forwarding path, inserting the MTNC-ID into a Generic UDP Encapsulation (GUE) header of the data packet, and transmitting the data packet to a network element (NE) in the communications system based on the forwarding path corresponding to the MTNC-ID.

System And Method For Virtual Multipath Data Transport

A computer system splits data to be transmitted into a plurality of reliable connections which are multiplexed through a smaller number of unacknowledged connections, such as connections that do not require acknowledgment and which may be VPN tunnels. A receiver then demultiplexes data received to obtain data flows over the reliable connections and transmits separate acknowledgements for each reliable connection. The computer system demultiplexes the acknowledgments and provides them to the corresponding reliable connections, which then retransmit any unacknowledged data. Delivery controllers executing on the computer system may be coupled to corresponding controllers executing on the receiver, with traffic between the delivery controllers (payload and acknowledgments) being multiplexed over one or more unacknowledged connections. In some embodiments, acknowledgments may be transmitted over a connection that is not multiplexed over the unacknowledged connections. 1. A method comprising:(a) providing, by a computer system, a first number of one or more first network connections to a remote computing device;(b) providing, by the computer system, a second number of second network connections to the remote computing device, the first number being smaller than the second number;(c) multiplexing, by the computer system, a plurality of second data flows of the second network connections in one or more first data flows through the one or more first network connections;(d) receiving, by the computer system, an instruction to transmit payload data to the remote computing device; and (i) dividing, by the computer system, the payload data into data portions;', '(ii) transmitting, by the computer system, the data portions over different connections of the second connections;', '(iii) multiplexing, by the computer system, the data portions transmitted over the second connections through the one or more first network connections;', '(iv) receiving, by the computer system, one or ...

Content Processing Method and Apparatus, Computer Device, and Storage Medium

A content processing method is provided, including: obtaining first content blocks, the first content block including structured data; transmitting, through a single bidirectional communication link established based on an application layer protocol, the first content blocks in a streaming manner according to a first sequence for obtaining the first content blocks; receiving, through the single bidirectional communication link, second content blocks returned in a streaming manner, the second content blocks being obtained by performing content type conversion on the first content blocks, transmission of the first content blocks and reception of the second content blocks being asynchronously performed via the single bidirectional communication link; and outputting the second content blocks sequentially according to a second sequence for receiving the second content blocks.

ENERGY TRANSMISSION METHOD, ENERGY ROUTER AND OPERATION CONTROL DEVICE THEREOF, AND STORAGE MEDIUM

The present disclosure provides an energy transmission method, an energy router and an operation control device thereof, and a storage medium, and relates to the field of energy network technology. The energy router of the present disclosure includes a plurality of ports configured to perform at least one of receiving or sending energy and PLC data, energy transmission switches, each of the energy transmission switches is configured to control open and closed states of one port of, and a routing processor configured to determine an energy transmission path according to the PLC data and stored routing information, determine a corresponding port associated with the energy transmission path, and turn on an energy transmission switch of the corresponding port, for the energy outputting from the corresponding port. 1. An energy router , comprising:a plurality of ports configured to perform at least one of receiving or sending energy and Power Line Communication (PLC) data;energy transmission switches, each of the energy transmission switches is configured to control open and closed states of one port of the plurality of the ports; anda routing processor configured to determine an energy transmission path according to the PLC data and stored routing information, determine a corresponding port associated with the energy transmission path, and turn on an energy transmission switch which controls the corresponding port, for outputting the energy from the corresponding port.2. The energy router according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one of the following:an energy metering processor configured to collect energy information of each of the ports; oran energy conversion processor located between the ports and configured to perform at least one function of alternating current conversion or voltage conversion.3. The energy router according to claim 1 , further comprising:a trans-voltage conversion processor configured to receive a first message of the PLC data from a ...

SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING AND SECURING COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS AND ASSOCIATED DEVICES

A system and method for shielding a network from malicious or unauthorized activity includes an active monitoring device connected to the network for monitoring each data packet and controlling the network connection. End devices connected to the network are isolated from each other so that data cannot flow in the event one or more data packets, devices, and so on, are flagged as untrustworthy. The active monitoring device uses the filter data to determine whether unusual behavior, unauthorized access, attempted hacking occurred, and ensure isolation between network devices and prevent transfer of data. Continuous monitoring ensures once trusted devices that abnormally change behavior are flagged as untrusted, thereby preventing breaches of the network. 1. A system for protecting a network of nodes from malicious or unauthorized activity , the system comprising:a controller operably associated with the network and is configured to isolate a first node from a second node when the request for transferring a data packet from the first node to the second node has been received, and at least one of the following conditions have been met:1) the data packet is determined to be untrustworthy;2) the first node is determined to be untrustworthy;3) the second node is determined to be untrustworthy;wherein the controller comprises an accumulator assisting in processing the data packet to determine whether the data packet, the first node or the second node is untrustworthy.2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to selectively connect the first node and the second node thereby permitting transfer of the data packet therebetween when the data packet claim 1 , the first node claim 1 , and the second node have been flagged as trustworthy.3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the controller is located between the first node and a network device.4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to further assign a unique identifier to each port from ...

ANCHORING IP DEVICES IN ICN NETWORKS

Procedures, methods and architectures for anchoring communication between devices configured to operate in a first type of network in a second type of network or across a peer first type of network are disclosed. A first type of packet originating from a device in the first type of network may be encapsulated into a second type of packet and forwarded via the second type of network. 1. A method of anchoring communication from a device based in a first type of network in a second type of network , the method comprising:receiving, by a network access point (NAP) of the second type network, a first type of packet from the device, wherein the device is configured to operate in only the first type of network;determining, by the NAP, an appropriate namespace for the first type of packet based on an address of an intended destination of the first type of packet, wherein the namespace comprises a hierarchy of a root identifier for communication from the first type of network over the second type of network, a first sub-scope identifier for communication within the second type of network and a second sub-scope identifier for communication outside the second type of network below the root identifier, and one or more levels of subnet identifiers below the first sub-scope identifier and the second sub-scope identifier;encapsulating, by the NAP, the first type of packet into a second type of packet for use in the second type of network by inserting the namespace into a packet header of the second type of packet; androuting, by the NAP, the second type of packet to a plurality of devices subscribed to the namespace in the second type of network.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first type of network comprises an Internet Protocol (IP) network.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second type of network comprises an information centric networking (ICN) network.4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the address of the intended destination comprises an Internet Protocol (IP) ...

NETWORK PROVENANCE WITH MULTI-INTERFACE TRANSLATION

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are provided for network access technology (NAT)-based packet network provenance. In disclosed embodiments, each node in a network encapsulates and/or encodes received packets with network interface information in addition to attestation information. The network interface information indicates a type of NAT used to forward the packet to a next node or hop in a network path. Each node in the network implements protocol stack that includes a multi-interface translation layer below a networking layer and above the layer 2 protocol stacks of various communication protocols. The multi-interface translation layer determines the type of NAT to be used to forward received packets to the next hop, and encapsulates the received packets with an indication of the determined NAT to be used to forward the packet. Other embodiments are disclosed and/or claimed. 1. An apparatus to be employed as a network node , the apparatus comprising:radio control circuitry configured to receive a data packet from a first other network node using a first access technology (AT), and transmit the data packet to a second other network node using a second AT; andbaseband circuitry communicatively coupled with the radio control circuitry, the baseband circuitry configured to encapsulate the data packet to include an indicator in a header portion of the data packet, wherein the indicator is to indicate that the data packet is to be transmitted using the second AT.2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the baseband circuitry is configured to:identify one or more AT capabilities of the network node, wherein the one or more AT capabilities comprise the first AT and the second AT; andselect the second AT from among the one or more AT capabilities, wherein the first AT is different than the second AT or the first AT is a same AT as the second AT.3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein each AT capability of the one or more AT capabilities corresponds to a bit ...

Technologies for network packet processing between cloud and telecommunications networks

Technologies for network packet processing between cloud and telecommunications networks includes a network computing device which includes two application layer packet translators (ALPTs). The first ALPT is configured to receive a network packet from a computing device in a telecommunications network, identify a virtual network function (VNF) instance, and perform an application layer encapsulation of at least a portion of data of the received network packet as a parameter of a remote procedure call (RPC) associated with the identified VNF instance. The first ALPT is additionally configured to invoke the identified VNF instance using an API call corresponding to the RPC that includes the RPC parameter and the VNF instance is configured to transmit an RPC call response to the second ALPT. The second ALPT is configured to generate a new network packet as a function of the RPC call response and transmit the new network packet to another computing device in a cloud network.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR UNIVERSAL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT CARD UPDATE VIA DEDICATED NETWORK FUNCTION

A method, apparatus, and computer program product provide for updating configuration parameters of a universal integrated circuit card via dedicated network functions in a 5G system. In the context of a method, the method receives an encapsulation request from a unified data management module, the encapsulation request comprising data for at least one configuration parameter associated with a universal integrated circuit card of a user device. The method generates, in response to the encapsulation request, a secure packet comprising the at least one configuration parameter and a secure packet header. The method also provides the secure packet to the unified data management module for delivery to the user device. 1. A method comprising:receiving, at a network function module configured to provide secure packet services, an encapsulation request from a unified data management module, the encapsulation request comprising data for at least one configuration parameter associated with a universal integrated circuit card of a user device;generating, in response to the encapsulation request, a secure packet comprising the at least one configuration parameter and a secure packet header; andproviding the secure packet to the unified data management module for delivery to the user device.2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the secure packet comprising the at least one configuration parameter and the secure packet header is generated via a secure packet library associated with the network function module.3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the network function module configured to generate a secure packet is co-located in an over-the-air gateway.4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the unified data management module and the network function module are co-located claim 1 , and wherein the network function module provides one or more commands of an application programming interface associated with the network function module to the unified data management ...

METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A PATH MAXIMUM TRANSMISSION UNIT (MTU) BETWEEN ENDPOINTS OF A GENERIC ROUTING ENCAPSULATION (GRE) TUNNEL

A method of path MTU determination in Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel is presented. A source network device (ND) transmits, to a destination ND that is a second endpoint of the GRE tunnel, a first outer packet including a first inner packet, where the first inner packet includes a first inner header that is used to deliver the first inner packet to the source network device, a first inner GRE header, and a first payload. The source ND receives the first inner packet. The source ND transmits a second outer packet including a second inner packet that includes a second payload that has a size greater than a size of the first payload. The source ND determines that the second inner packet is not received and determines a path MTU between the source ND and the destination ND based on a size of the first and the second outer packets. 1. A method in a source network device that is a first endpoint of a Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnel , the method comprising:transmitting, to a destination network device, a first outer packet including a first outer header that is used to transmit the first outer packet to the destination network device, a first outer GRE header, and a first inner packet, wherein the first inner packet includes a first inner header that is used to deliver the first inner packet to the source network device, a first inner GRE header, and a first payload, and wherein the destination network device is a second endpoint of a GRE tunnel;receiving the first inner packet;transmitting, to the destination network device, a second outer packet including a second outer header that is used to transmit the second outer packet to the destination network device, a second outer GRE header, and a second inner packet, wherein the second inner packet includes a second inner header that is used to deliver the second inner packet to the source network device, a second inner GRE header, and a second payload that has a size that is greater than a size of the ...

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SENDING MEDICAL INSTRUMENT DATA, AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECEIVING MEDICAL INSTRUMENT DATA

A method for sending the medical instrument data is based on a Bluetooth protocol and includes: starting a Bluetooth module; acquiring therapy data; according to a data packet encapsulation way of a standard Bluetooth protocol, filling a data length of the therapy data into a data length Len segment of a Bluetooth data packet, setting a designated data type and filling the designated data type into a data type AD Type segment, coding the therapy data according to a preset coding rule, and then filling the coded therapy data into a data AD data segment, so that a broadcast data packet is formed; and broadcasting the broadcast data packet according to a preset period in a Bluetooth broadcast mode. 1. A method for sending medical instrument data based on a Bluetooth protocol , comprising:starting a Bluetooth module;acquiring first therapy data of a medical instrument;according to a data packet encapsulation way of a standard Bluetooth protocol, filling a data length of the first therapy data into a data length Len segment of a Bluetooth data packet, presetting a first designated data type and filling the first designated data type into a data type AD Type segment, coding the first therapy data according to a preset coding rule, and then filling the first therapy data into a data AD data segment, to form a first broadcast data packet; andbroadcasting the first broadcast data packet according to a preset period in a Bluetooth broadcast mode.2. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:when broadcasting the first broadcast data packet, receiving, by the medical instrument, a scanning request from an external terminal, wherein the scanning request comprises a data type instruction needed by the external terminal, wherein the data type instruction is designated therapy data needed to be acquired by the external terminal;according to the data type instruction in the scanning request, acquiring second therapy data corresponding to the medical instrument, according ...

Method, Device, and System for Adjusting Packet Length in Near Field Communication

A method includes determining, by an NFCC of a first NFC device, whether the NFCC is responsible for determining a maximum length value of data packets transmitted in subsequent communication. The method further includes sending a first request comprising a first length value to a second NFC device when the NFCC is responsible for determining the maximum length value. The first request further includes a first DID. The method further includes receiving a first response that is returned by the second NFC device for the first request and that comprises a second DID. The method further includes using the first length value as the maximum length value of the data packets transmitted in the subsequent communication when the first DID is the same as the second DID. 1. A terminal device , comprising:a device host (DH); and a processor configured to activate a first radio frequency (RF) interface; and', send a first notification to the DH, wherein the first notification notifies the DH that the first RF interface has been activated;', 'receive an adjustment command from the DH, wherein the adjustment command comprises a first length value and instructs the NFCC to adjust a maximum length value of data packets in a subsequent communication process;', 'send, to a near field communication (NFC)NFC device, a first request comprising the first length value and a first device identification number (DID), wherein the first request instructs to adjust the maximum length value of the data packets to the first length value;', 'receive a first response to the first request from the NFC device, wherein the first response comprises a second DID; and', 'send, to the DH, an adjustment response comprising at least one of a status indication or the first length value, wherein the status indication indicates that the NFCC has already adjusted the maximum length value to the first length value,, 'a communication interface coupled to the processor and configured to, 'wherein the processor is ...

CARRIER GRADE ETHERNET LAYER 2 OVER LAYER 3 SATELLITE BACKBONES (L2oL3SB)

An apparatus is disclosed for delivering layer-2 services over a layer-3 network. The apparatus includes a layer-2 module for transmitting and receiving layer-2 packets over a first communication network, and a layer-3 module for converting the layer-2 packet into a format that can be transmitted over a conventional layer-3 network. The converted layer-2 packet is transmitted with sufficient information to allow reconstruction of the original layer-2 packet at the destination device. The apparatus can also be configured to simultaneously transmit and receive layer-2 packets and layer-3 packets over the layer3 network.

BLOCKCHAIN MANAGEMENT USING A DEVICE IN A WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Devices in a wireless telecommunication system can implement a blockchain that is distributed among the devices. For example, a base transceiver station of the wireless telecommunication system can receive, from a mobile device, a wireless radio communication that includes information associated with a blockchain transaction. The base transceiver station can convert the information associated with the blockchain transaction into an internet protocol (IP)-based format. The base transceiver station can update the blockchain by propagating the formatted information to other base transceiver stations of the wireless telecommunication system through an IP-based network that is internal to the wireless telecommunication system. 1. A wireless telecommunication system comprising: receive, from mobile devices, wireless radio communications that include information associated with a transaction to be included in the blockchain;', 'convert the information associated with the transaction into an internet protocol (IP)-based format to generate formatted information; and', 'update the blockchain by propagating the formatted information to another base transceiver station of the wireless telecommunication system through an IP-based network that is internal to the wireless telecommunication system., 'base transceiver stations that are positionable at separate locations and comprise executable instructions for implementing a blockchain that is distributed among the base transceiver stations, each base transceiver station of the base transceiver stations being usable to2. The wireless telecommunication system of claim 1 , wherein the base transceiver stations include Evolved Node B devices and the wireless telecommunication system includes a Long Term Evolution Radio Access Network.3. The wireless telecommunication system of claim 1 , wherein each base transceiver station of the base transceiver stations comprises a processing device and a memory device on which the instructions are ...

BOOT SERVER SUPPORT IN AN ENTERPRISE FABRIC NETWORK

Boot server support in an enterprise fabric network may be provided. A border device may forward, to a configuration server, a discovery message associated with a client device and the border device may forward, to a pre-boot server, the discovery message associated with a client device. The border device may then encapsulate, in response to receiving a reply to the discovery message from the configuration server and in response to receiving a reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server, the reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server using a Routing Locator (RLOC) from the reply to the discovery message from the configuration server. The encapsulated reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server may include boot information. The border device may then forward the encapsulated reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server to an edge device associated with the client device. 1. A method comprising:forwarding, by a border device to a configuration server, a discovery message associated with a client device;forwarding, by the border device to a pre-boot server, the discovery message associated with the client device;encapsulating, by the border device in response to receiving a reply to the discovery message from the configuration server and in response to receiving a reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server, the reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server using a Routing Locator (RLOC) from the reply to the discovery message from the configuration server, the encapsulated reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server including boot information; andforwarding, by the border device, the encapsulated reply to the discovery message from the pre-boot server to an edge device associated with the client device.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving, by the edge device from the client device, the discovery message including DHCP Option-60 information;encapsulating, by the edge ...

SYSTEM, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR QoS RETRANSMISSION FOR MG.Fast

A transceiver associated with a wireline communication system is disclosed. The transceiver comprises one or more processors configured to associate a quality of service (QoS) grade tag to each data packet of a plurality of data packets to be transmitted and assemble a data transfer unit (DTU) comprising one or more or a part of a data packet of the plurality of data packets, wherein the one or more or the part of the data packet are encapsulated into a plurality of DTU frames within the DTU. The one or more processors is further configured to associate a highest DTU tag to the assembled DTU, wherein the highest DTU tag is indicative of a highest QoS grade associated with the DTU frames of the assembled DTU; and determine a schedule for transmission or retransmission of the assembled DTU, based on the highest DTU tag of the assembled DTU. 1. A transceiver associated with a wireline communication system , comprising:a memory configured to store a plurality of instructions; andone or more processors configured to retrieve the plurality of instructions from the memory, and upon execution of the plurality of instructions is configured to:associate a quality of service (QoS) grade tag to each data packet of a plurality of data packets to be transmitted, wherein the QoS grade tag is indicative of a QoS grade of the respective data packets;assemble a data transfer unit (DTU) comprising one or more or a part of a data packet of the plurality of data packets, wherein the one or more or the part of the data packet are encapsulated into a plurality of DTU frames within the DTU, each DTU frame being associated with the QoS grade of a data packet encapsulated within the respective DTU frame;associate a highest DTU tag to the assembled DTU, wherein the highest DTU tag is indicative of a highest QoS grade associated with the DTU frames of the assembled DTU; anddetermine a schedule for transmission of the assembled DTU or retransmission of the assembled DTU, or both, based on the ...

VIRTUAL CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a virtual controller area network system includes first, second third controller area network (CAN) buses. A first CAN controller is coupled to the first and second CAN buses and is configured to route messages to and from the first and second CAN buses. A second CAN controller is coupled to the third CAN bus and is configured to route messages to and from the third CAN bus. A network bridging system is configured to route messages over a local area network between the first CAN controller and the second CAN controller. 120-. (canceled)21. A virtual controller area network system , comprising:a plurality of electronic control units (ECU) nodes, wherein each of the plurality of ECU nodes employ a shared message identification format for use by the plurality of ECU nodes to identify messages transferred among ECUs that are disposed on a same controller area network (CAN);a plurality of physical CAN buses, wherein a respective CAN bus identifier is assigned to the plurality of physical CAN buses and wherein a first CAN bus identifier identifies two or more different physical CAN buses, among the plurality of physical CAN buses, that are designated as members of a same virtual CAN system;two or more CAN controllers respectively coupled to subsets of the plurality of physical CAN buses, wherein a first subset of physical CAN buses is coupled to first and second CAN controllers to define a first virtual CAN and a second subset of CAN buses is coupled to at least one of the CAN controllers to define a second virtual CAN that is different from the first virtual CAN; andan Ethernet backbone connecting at least to the two or more CAN controllers, the Ethernet backbone configured to generate an Ethernet frame containing: (i) a CAN message and (ii) a message ID for the CAN message, the Ethernet backbone being further configured to broadcast the Ethernet frame among ECU nodes coupled to the physical CAN buses in the first ...

MOBILE TERMINAL FOR REMOTELY OPERATING DEVICE VIA NETWORK, CONTROL METHOD THEREFOR, STORAGE MEDIUM, AND REMOTE SUPPORT SYSTEM

A mobile terminal which enables direct and efficient remote operation via a network. The mobile terminal mediates communication between a first apparatus and a second apparatus when the first apparatus remotely operates the second apparatus having an application server via a network. In a case where a tunneling communication is established, the mobile terminal displays candidates for an application server to which the mobile terminal is connectable, on a display device of the mobile terminal, and carries out a mediating process including transferring data received from the first apparatus to the application server selected by a user from among the candidates and transferring data received from the selected application server to the first apparatus through the tunneling communication. 1. A control method for a mobile terminal that mediates communication between a first apparatus and a second apparatus when the first apparatus remotely operates the second apparatus having an application server via a network , comprising:sending and receiving data to and from the first apparatus through a tunneling communication;in a case where the tunneling communication is established, displaying candidates for an application server to which the mobile terminal is connectable, on a display device of the mobile terminal; and transferring data received from the first apparatus to the application server selected by a user from among the candidates; and', 'transferring data received from the selected application server to the first apparatus through the tunneling communication., 'carrying out a mediating process including2. The control method according to claim 1 ,wherein the mobile terminal selectively operates an operating device thereof in a first mode or a second mode, in the first mode, the operating device of the mobile terminal is caused to act as an operating device for operating the second apparatus, in the second mode, the operating device of the mobile terminal is caused to ...

System and methods for unified collection of network information

Systems and methods provide a unified collection service for a network. A first network device receives a data reporting message from a data reporting device. The data reporting message includes a first format for a particular data reporting device. The first network device adds routing data to the data reporting message to create an encapsulated data reporting message and forwards the encapsulated data reporting message to a second network device. The second network device transforms the encapsulated data reporting message into a second format that includes a unified message format and forwards, based on the routing data, the unified data reporting message.

Virtual Controller Area Network

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a virtual controller area network system includes first, second third controller area network (CAN) buses. A first CAN controller is coupled to the first and second CAN buses and is configured to route messages to and from the first and second CAN buses. A second CAN controller is coupled to the third CAN bus and is configured to route messages to and from the third CAN bus. A network bridging system is configured to route messages over a local area network between the first CAN controller and the second CAN controller. 1. A virtual controller area network system , comprising:a first controller area network (CAN) bus;a second CAN bus;a third CAN bus;a first CAN controller coupled to the first and second CAN bus and configured to route messages to and from the first and second CAN bus;a second CAN controller coupled to the third CAN bus and configured to route messages to and from the third CAN bus; anda network bridging system configured to route messages over a local area network between the first CAN controller and the second CAN controller.2. The virtual controller area network system of claim 1 , wherein the local area network utilizes an Ethernet protocol.3. The virtual controller area network system of claim 1 , wherein the first claim 1 , second and third CAN buses have an associated CAN bus identifier that is used by the network bridging system to route the messages over the local area network.4. The virtual controller area network system of claim 3 , wherein the CAN bus identifier associates the first claim 3 , second and third CAN buses with the virtual controller area network.5. The virtual controller area network system of claim 3 , wherein the network bridging system includes a first Automotive Bridge to Ethernet (ABE) coupled to the first CAN controller and a second ABE coupled to the second CAN controller claim 3 , wherein the first and second ABEs are configured to encapsulate the CAN bus ...

Method and Apparatus for a Radio Node and a Controlling Gateway

In one aspect of the teachings herein, a controlling gateway and an associated radio access point are configured for operation in a radio access network and use a radio protocol stack that is split on the network side between the gateway and the access point, for conveying radio bearer traffic going between the radio access network and a wireless device. According to methods and apparatuses disclosed, the radio protocol entities affected by the stack split communicate using Internet Protocol, IP, sessions. Advantageously, the radio bearer traffic conveyed over the split stack maps to different IP sessions in dependence on any one or more of network capabilities, various isolation or privacy requirements associated with the device and/or traffic, the types of data being conveyed, the types of radio bearers involved, and the involved Radio Link Control, RLC, operating modes. 1. A method of operation in a gateway node that is coupled to a core network of a wireless communication network , the method comprising:implementing an upper portion of a radio protocol stack in the gateway node, the radio protocol stack being used to support communications with a wireless device having a corresponding radio protocol stack, wherein a lower, remaining portion of the radio protocol stack is implemented in a radio node that provides radio bearers for communicating with the wireless device; andexchanging Service Data Units (SDUs) between the upper portion of the radio protocol stack, as implemented in the gateway node, and the lower portion of the radio protocol stack, as implemented in the radio node, via an intra-stack IP link.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the intra-stack IP link comprises an IP Version 6 (IPv6) link.3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:for delivering data to the wireless device via a data radio bearer between the radio node and the wireless device when the wireless device is operating in a Radio Link Control (RLC) Unacknowledged Mode (UM), ...

DELEGATED COMMUNICATION METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR A WEARABLE DEVICE

Systems and methods for delegating communication from a wearable computing device to a remote network via a host computing device connected to the remote network include providing a host routing service and a host data communications endpoint at the host computing device. Incoming data message(s) formatted according to an Internet Protocol and destinated for delivery to an application program at the wearable computing device are received via the host routing service. The incoming data message(s) are encapsulated using a transport protocol and transmitted to a data routing service of the wearable computing device. In a reverse direction, outgoing data message(s) destinated for delivery to a remote computing device connected to the remote network and encapsulated in a transport protocol are received via the host routing service. The outgoing data message(s) are de-encapsulated, re-encapsulated using an Internet Protocol, and transmitted to the remote computing device via the remote network. 1. A method of delegating communication from a wearable computing device to a remote network via a host computing device connected to the remote network , the method comprising:providing, at the host computing device, a host routing service that implements a host data communications endpoint;receiving, via the host routing service, one or more incoming messages formatted according to an Internet Protocol and destined for delivery to an application program at the wearable computing device;encapsulating the one or more incoming data messages using a transport protocol; andtransmitting the one or more incoming data messages from the host routing service to a data routing service of the wearable computing device.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising providing a personal area network service that communicatively couples the data routing service to the host data communications endpoint claim 1 , wherein the one or more incoming data messages are transmitted from the host routing ...

WLAN Testing Using an RF Abstraction Layer

A technique for testing wireless-local-area-network (WLAN) infrastructure is described. In particular, a radio-frequency abstraction layer (RFAL) in a physical instance of an electronic device is used to simulate the physical layer communication hardware and radio channels. RFAL allows frames in initial packets that are compatible with a WLAN communication protocol (such as an IEEE 802.11 standard) to be encapsulated in the data-link layer into additional packets that are compatible with a network communication protocol (such as an IEEE 802.3 standard). These additional packets can include information that characterizes transmission of the packet through a simulated radio-frequency environment so that the software stack associated with a physical or virtual instance of an electronic device can be exercised as if the packet had been received over a wireless connection. Then, the additional packets can be communicated via Ethernet (i.e., without radio-frequency communication) among virtual instances of access points, clients and/or WLAN controllers. 1. An electronic device , comprising:a network interface circuit;a processor coupled to the network interface circuit; and 'encapsulating, without regard to a type of MPDU, a first media access control (MAC) layer protocol data unit (MPDU) compatible with a wireless physical layer communication protocol and adding additional information that characterizes transmission of the first MPDU through a modeled radio-frequency environment into a second MPDU compatible with a wired medium communication protocol.', 'a memory, coupled to the processor, storing a program module configured to be executed by the processor, wherein, when executed by the processor, the program module causes the electronic device to perform one or more operations comprising2. The electronic device of claim 1 , wherein the one or more operations comprise communicating claim 1 , to the network interface circuit claim 1 , the second MPDU associated with ...

Heterogeneous Packet-Based Transport

Deadlocks in a heterogeneous packet-based transport system are avoided. When receiving a plurality of packets from a root complex where contents of each packet from the plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, a sequence number is added to each packet and a packet type is identified. Every packet in the first plurality of packets is encapsulated into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol. All the packets from the second plurality of packets are sent via a plurality of connections so that each connection from the plurality of connections only transports packets from the second plurality of packets that encapsulate packets from the first plurality that have a same packet type. 1. A method to avoid deadlocks in a heterogeneous packet-based transport system , the method comprising:receiving a first plurality of packets from a root complex, contents of each packet from the first plurality of packets organized in accordance with a first protocol, the first protocol including specification of one or more packet types;adding a sequence number to each packet in the first plurality of packets, the sequence number added to each packet in the first plurality of packets being different from the sequence number for every other packet in the first plurality of packets;identifying a packet type for each packet in the first plurality of packets, wherein there are at least two different packet types;encapsulating every packet in the first plurality of packets into at least one packet organized in accordance with a second protocol to form a second plurality of packets organized in accordance with the second protocol;sending all the packets from the second plurality of packets via a plurality of connections so that each connection from the plurality of connections only transports packets from the second plurality of packets that encapsulate ...

CONTAINER ROUTING ALGORITHM USING OSPF

Systems and methods for establishing routing information between software containers or other virtualized environments within a network, and providing inter-container routing between the software services operating on the network, are disclosed herein. The system utilizes an existing routing protocol such as Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and establishes an overlay network that provides end-to-end connectivity between services of a customer operating in an Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) network, while maintaining isolation from the traffic of other customers of the IaaS network. The system uses OSPF to learn aspects of the routes between containers in the network, and further builds a customer-specific overlay network based on IP-to-IP encapsulation of the OSPF messages. 1. At least one computer-readable medium , carrying computer-executable instruction , which when executed by a first computing node in a network , generate routing information for a second , different computing node in the network , the instructions comprising:assigning, at the first computing node, both a unique identifier and a network mask to the second computing node; 'wherein the associating of the IP routes is performed in response to a first message received by the first computing node from the second computing node;', 'associating IP routes to software services executing at the second computing node with the unique identifier,'} 'wherein the associating of the IP address of the second computing node is performed in response to a second message received by the first computing node from the second computing node;', 'associating an IP address of the second computing node with the unique identifier,'}mapping the associated IP routes to the software services executing on the second computing node to the IP address of the second computing node; andmaintaining, at the first computing node, the mapping in an IP-to-IP routing table.2. The computer-readable medium of claim 1 , wherein one or more ...

METHOD FOR PERFORMING VEHICLE REMOTE DIAGNOSIS AND RELATED DEVICES

A method for performing vehicle remote diagnosis is provided. A diagnostic device sends a first controller area network (CAN) bus message to a device connector. The device connector encapsulates the first CAN bus message received into a first data packet and sends the first data packet to a vehicle connector through remote communication. The vehicle connector decapsulates the first data packet into the first CAN bus message and sends the first CAN bus message to a target vehicle. The vehicle connector receives second CAN bus messages and filters the second CAN bus messages to obtain a CAN bus diagnostic message, and the second CAN bus messages are sent by the target vehicle in response to the first CAN bus message. The vehicle connector encapsulates the CAN bus diagnostic message into a second data packet and sends the second data packet to the device connector. 1. A method for performing vehicle remote diagnosis , applicable to a device connector , wherein the method comprises:receiving a first CAN bus message sent by a diagnostic device;encapsulating the first CAN bus message received into a first data packet and sending the first data packet to a vehicle connector through remote communication, wherein the first data packet is decapsulated by the vehicle connector into the first CAN bus message and the first CAN bus message is further sent by the vehicle connector to an electronic control unit of a target vehicle, and wherein the vehicle connector and the target vehicle perform a CAN bus connection via a CAN;receiving a second data packet sent by the vehicle connector through the remote communication, wherein the second data packet is obtained by encapsulating a CAN bus diagnostic message by the vehicle connector, and wherein the CAN bus diagnostic message is obtained by filtering second CAN bus messages by the vehicle connector, and wherein the second CAN bus messages are sent by the electronic control unit of the target vehicle to the vehicle connector in ...

SECURE FORWARDING OF TENANT WORKLOADS IN VIRTUAL NETWORKS

In general, techniques are described for enhancing operations of virtual networks. In some examples, a network system includes a plurality of servers interconnected by a switch fabric comprising a plurality of switches interconnected to form a physical network. Each of the servers comprises an operating environment executing one or more virtual machines in communication via one or more virtual networks. The servers comprise a set of virtual routers configured to extend the virtual networks to the operating environments of the virtual machines. A virtual router of the set of virtual routers is configured to prepare tunnel packets by forwarding packets received from virtual machines to an IPSec kernel executing in a host operating network stack, receiving the ESP packets back from the IPSec kernel and forwarding the ESP packets across the virtual networks. 1. A method comprising:receiving a packet at a virtual router, the virtual router executing in kernel space of a first computing device in a virtual network stack connected to a virtual network fabric, the packet including a source address and a destination address, the destination address associated with a virtual machine executing on a second computing device;forwarding the packet from the virtual router to a host operating system (OS) networking stack associated with a host OS operating on the first computing device, wherein the host OS networking stack includes an encryption module that executes in kernel space on the first computing device, wherein the host OS networking stack is connected to a physical network fabric operating as an underlay fabric for the virtual network fabric;receiving the forwarded packet at the encryption module and encrypting the forwarded packet to form an encapsulated packet that preserves the source and destination addresses;returning the encapsulated packet to the virtual router; andtransmitting the encapsulated packet from the virtual router to the virtual machine associated with ...

TRANSPARENT AND EFFICIENT MULTI-DESTINATION TCP COMMUNICATIONS BASED ON BIT INDEXED EXPLICIT REPLICATION

Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for multi-destination TCP communications using bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). In some examples, a system can generate a TCP packet associated with a TCP session involving a set of destination devices, and encode an array of bits into the TCP packet to yield a TCP multicast packet. The array of bits can define the destination devices as destinations for the multicast packet. The system can transmit the TCP multicast packet towards the destination devices through a BIER domain. The system can receive acknowledgements from a first subset of the destination devices. Based on the acknowledgements, the system can determine that the first subset of the destination devices received the multicast packet and a second subset of the destination devices did not receive the multicast packet. The system can then retransmit the multicast packet to the second subset of the destination devices. 1. A method comprising:generating a first multicast BIER-encapsulated packet comprising a first array of bits and a transport protocol segment, wherein the first array of bits respectively defines a set of destination devices as respective destinations for the first multicast BIER-encapsulated packet;transmitting, by a multi-destination relay, the first multicast BIER-encapsulated packet through a BIER domain and towards the set of destination devices;receiving, by the multi-destination relay, one or more acknowledgements from a first subset of the set of destination devices, wherein the one or more acknowledgements are responsive to the transport protocol segment in the first multicast BIER-encapsulated packet transmitted by the multi-destination relay, and wherein the one or more acknowledgements are associated with a transport protocol session associated with the transport protocol segment;based on the one or more acknowledgements, determining, by the multi-destination relay, that the first subset of the set of destination ...

LAWFULLY INTERCEPTING TRAFFIC FOR ANALYSIS BASED ON AN APPLICATION IDENTIFIER OR A UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR (URL) ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRAFFIC

A network device may receive a request to install a filter associated with an application identifier or a uniform resource locator (URL), and may add, based on the request, information identifying the filter to a list of filters associated with the network device. The network device may receive a packet destined for an endpoint device, may generate a copy of the packet, and may cause the packet to be forwarded to the endpoint device. The network device may perform deep packet inspection of the copy to identify a packet application identifier or a packet URL, and may determine whether the packet application identifier or the packet URL matches the application identifier or the URL. The network device may cause the copy of the packet to be forwarded to a content destination device when the packet application identifier or the packet URL matches the application identifier or the URL. 1. A method , comprising:receiving, by a network device, a request to install a filter associated with an application identifier or a uniform resource locator (URL);adding, by the network device and based on the request, information identifying the filter to a list of filters associated with the network device;receiving, by the network device, a packet destined for an endpoint device;generating, by the network device, a copy of the packet;causing, by the network device, the packet to be forwarded to the endpoint device;performing, by the network device, deep packet inspection of the copy of the packet to identify a packet application identifier or a packet URL associated with the copy of the packet;determining, by the network device, whether the packet application identifier or the packet URL associated with the copy of the packet matches the application identifier or the URL associated with the filter added to the list of filters; andcausing, by the network device, the copy of the packet to be forwarded to a content destination device when the packet application identifier or the packet ...

DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD FOR CREATING DATA STRUCTURE FACILITATING DATA TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION

A method for structuring transmissible data of various types with universal applicability as between devices of various types includes a data content, a first data header, and a second data header. The first data header signifies numerical data or control/command data. The second data header is a description of a data group to which the collected data belongs. The data further can include a third data header configured to describe production process information of the data. The data further can include a fourth data header to describe a product type, an industrial field, a company name, and a company address. 1. A data transmission method comprising:structuring collected data to form a target structured data according to preset data headers; andtransmitting the target structured data to a target device;wherein a method of structuring the collected data according to the preset data header comprises: if the collected data is determined to be numerical data, structuring the collected data to form a first structured data according to a first data header, wherein the first data header comprises a data identification (data ID), a data type, a data name, a data description, an identification (ID) of a data group to which the data belongs, a data type, a data measurement unit, and a byte length of the data, and', 'if the collected data is determined to be a control data, structuring the collected data to form the first structured data according to a second data header, wherein the second data header and comprises: a data identification (data ID), a data type, a custom enumeration type, a control command name, a control command function description, a control command, a target device identification (ID), a command interface, and a quantity of command parameters;, 'determining a type of the collected data, wherein'}structuring the first structured data according to a third data header to form a second structured data, wherein the third data header comprises: a device ...

TRAFFIC LOAD BALANCING BETWEEN A PLURALITY OF POINTS OF PRESENCE OF A CLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE

Methods and system of traffic load balancing between a plurality of Points of Presence (PoP) of a cloud computing infrastructure are described. A first PoP of multiple PoPs of cloud computing infrastructure that provides a cloud computing service receives a packet. The packet includes as a destination address an anycast address advertised by the first PoP for reaching the cloud computing service. The first PoP identifies a network address of a second PoP that is different from the first PoP. The first PoP forwards the packets as an encapsulated packet to the second PoP to be processed in the second PoP according to the cloud computing service. 1. A method of load balancing traffic between a plurality of Points of Presence (PoPs) of a cloud computing infrastructure that provides a cloud computing service to one or more users , the method comprising:receiving at a first PoP of the plurality of PoPs a first packet that includes as a first destination address an anycast address advertised by the first PoP for reaching the cloud computing service;identifying, based on a first forwarding table entry and a first identifier for a first flow of the first packet, a first network address of the first PoP and a second network address of a second PoP of the plurality of PoPs that is different from the first PoP;responsive to determining that a first connection is established at the first PoP for the first flow, processing the first packet at the first PoP according to the cloud computing service;receiving a second packet that includes as a second destination address the anycast address advertised by the first PoP for reaching the cloud computing service;identifying, based on a second forwarding table entry and a second identifier of a second flow of the second packet, a third network address of the first PoP and a fourth network address of the second PoP; and 'responsive to determining that the second packet is not the initial packet of the new connection for the second flow, ...

Generating Packets in a Reverse Direction of a Service Function Chain

Embodiments are directed to receiving an original packet at a service function; determining, for a reverse packet, a reverse service path identifier for a previous hop on a service function chain; determining, for the reverse packet, a service index for the reverse service path identifier; and transmitting the reverse packet to the previous hop on the service function chain. 1. A method comprising:identifying a forward service function path of a service function chain for a packet, the forward service function path comprising a first plurality of service functions in a forward direction;identifying a reverse service function path for the packet, the reverse service function path comprising a second plurality of service functions in a reverse direction;determining a difference between the forward service function path and the reverse service function path by comparing the first plurality of service functions to the second plurality of service functions;based on the difference between the forward service function path and the reverse service function path, inserting into at least one of the forward service function path or the reverse service function path a placeholder service function for each service function that is not included in both the first plurality of service functions and the second plurality of service functions; andforwarding the packet through the service function chain along the forward service function path.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:based on the difference between the forward service function path and the reverse service function path, inserting into the forward service function path a placeholder service function for each service function included in the second plurality of service functions that is not included in the first plurality of service functions; andbased on the difference between the forward service function path and the reverse service function path, inserting into the reverse service function path a placeholder ...

METHOD FOR IMPROVING THROUGHPUT FOR ENCAPSULATED NETWORK TRAFFIC

An approach for improving throughput for encapsulated network traffic is provided. In an embodiment, a method comprises obtaining a plurality of network addresses of a plurality of intermediaries that facilitate communications between a plurality of virtual machines. A set of source-destination intermediary pairs is determined based on the plurality of network addresses, and for each source-destination intermediary pair, from the set of source-destination intermediary pairs, a precomputed encapsulated header is generated and included in a set of precomputed encapsulated headers. If a data packet from a particular source intermediary and destined to a particular destination intermediary is received, and a particular precomputed encapsulated header for the particular source intermediary and the particular destination intermediary is included in the set of precomputed encapsulated headers, then the particular precomputed encapsulated header is retrieved from the set of precomputed encapsulated headers and used to form a particular encapsulated packet. 1. A method for a virtual switch implemented on a host computer to precompute encapsulated headers for data communications transmitted via one or more computer-based communications networks , the method comprising:obtaining a plurality of network addresses of a plurality of intermediaries that facilitate communications between a plurality of virtual machines;based on, at least in part, the plurality of network addresses of the plurality of intermediaries, determining a set of source-destination intermediary pairs;for each source-destination intermediary pair, from the set of source-destination intermediary pairs, generating a precomputed encapsulated header, and including the precomputed encapsulated header in a set of precomputed encapsulated headers;determining whether a data packet from a particular source intermediary and destined to a particular destination intermediary, of the plurality of intermediaries, has been ...

PACKET FORWARDING APPLIED TO VXLAN

Examples of the present disclosure provide a packet forwarding method and apparatus applied to a VXLAN. In examples of the present disclosure, redundancy protection for a VXLAN IP gateway is realized by deploying a VXLAN IP gateway group in a VXLAN, and a first VTEP in the VXLAN can ensure each VXLAN IP gateway in the VXLAN IP gateway group to learn an ARP entry of a same VM by establishing a VXLAN control tunnel from the first VTEP to each VXLAN IP gateway of the VXLAN IP gateway group and establishing a VXLAN data tunnel from the first VTEP to the VXLAN IP gateway group, thus ensuring the VXLAN IP gateway correctly forwards the service packet. 1. A packet forwarding method applied to a virtual extensible local area network (VXLAN) , wherein , the method is applicable to a first VXLAN tunnel end point (VTEP) , comprising:establishing a VXLAN data tunnel from the first VTEP to a VXLAN IP gateway group, a source address of the VXLAN data tunnel is a VTEP IP address of the first VTEP, a destination address is a VTEP group IP address of the VXLAN IP gateway group; the VXLAN IP gateway group comprises N VXLAN IP gateways in a VXLAN, N is an integer larger than 1, the VXLAN IP gateway is a second VTEP in the VXLAN, different VXLAN IP gateways have different VTEP IP addresses;establishing a VXLAN control tunnel from the first VTEP to each VXLAN IP gateway in the VXLAN IP gateway group, a source address of the VXLAN control tunnel is the VTEP IP address of the first VTEP, a destination address of the VXLAN control tunnel is the VTEP IP address of the VXLAN IP gateway, the VXLAN control tunnel and the VXLAN data tunnel are associated with a same VXLAN identifier; andtransmitting an ARP packet respectively via the VXLAN data tunnel and the VXLAN control tunnel.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first VTEP comprises N tunnel ports associated with the VXLAN data tunnel;the transmitting the ARP packet via the VXLAN data tunnel comprises:performing a VXLAN encapsulation to ...

Communications Method and Apparatus for Virtual Extensible Local Area Network

A communications method and apparatus for a Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN), where the method includes receiving, by a first layer-3 gateway device, host routing information from a second layer-3 gateway device, where the host routing information includes an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a first host, a media access control (MAC) address of the first host, and a VXLAN tunnel end point (VTEP) identifier of a next hop of the first layer-3 gateway device and that exists when the first layer-3 gateway device sends information to the first host, and forwarding, by the first layer-3 gateway device, a traffic packet destined for the first host or acting, by the first layer-3 gateway device, as an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) proxy for the first host, based on the host routing information. Hence, traffic waste can be reduced. 1. A communication method for a Virtual Extensible Local Area Network (VXLAN) , comprising:receiving, by a first layer-3 gateway device, host routing information from a second layer-3 gateway device, a data center of the VXLAN comprising the first layer-3 gateway device and the second layer-3 gateway device, the host routing information comprising an Internet Protocol (IP) address of a first host, a media access control (MAC) address of the first host, and a VXLAN tunnel end point (VTEP) identifier of a next hop of the first layer-3 gateway device existing when the first layer-3 gateway device sends information to the first host; andforwarding, by the first layer-3 gateway device, a traffic packet destined for the first host or acting, by the first layer-3 gateway device, as an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) proxy for the first host, based on the host routing information.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first layer-3 gateway device manages a second host claim 1 , and acting as the ARP proxy for the first host comprising:receiving, by the first layer-3 gateway device, a first address request packet from the second host, ...

System and Method for Restoration in a Multimedia IP Network

Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and computer readable media for modifying IP backbone link weights such that multicast traffic and unicast traffic will not travel on a same path between nodes. The method comprises assigning link weights to nodes within an IP backbone such that multicast forwarding paths and unicast forwarding paths are failure disjoint, and delivering undelivered multicast packets using IP unicast encapsulation to the loopback address of next hop router on a multicast tree upon link/interface failure. 1. A method comprising:assigning weights to a first series of network links forming a first ring such that multicast forwarding paths and unicast forwarding paths are failure disjoint and wherein the assigning the weights results in the first series of network links having a high cost in a first direction around the first ring and a low cost in a second direction around the first ring;assigning weights to a second series of networks links forming a second ring such that weights in the first direction have a high cost and weights in the second direction have a low cost; and delivering multicast packets using internet protocol unicast encapsulation to a next hop router on a multicast tree; and', 'decapsulating received encapsulated unicast packets., 'upon a network failure in one of the first ring and the second ring2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the multicast packets comprise communication data that is part of a two-way communication.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein multicast traffic and unicast traffic do not travel on a same path between nodes.4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising communicating one of a television signal claim 1 , an audio signal claim 1 , and a radio signal over an undirected network.5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising claim 1 , after delivering the multicast packets upon network failure claim 1 , tuning the weights such that multicast traffic and unicast traffic travel on disjoint paths.6. The method ...

Cloud based router with policy enforcement

Cloud based router with policy enforcement. In some implementations, a system is provided. The system includes a plurality of access points. The plurality of access points receive data packets from a plurality of client devices. The system also includes a plurality of tunnel devices coupled to the plurality of access points. The plurality of tunnel devices generate encapsulated packets based on the data packets received by the plurality of access points. The system further includes a plurality of packet forwarding components coupled to the plurality of tunnel devices via a first set of tunnels. The plurality of packet forwarding components receive the encapsulated packets from the plurality of tunnel devices and forward the encapsulate packets. The system further includes a plurality of network access controllers coupled to the plurality of packet forwarding components via a second set of tunnels. The plurality of network access controllers enforce one or more network policies for the plurality of client devices, as the plurality of client devices move between the plurality of access points.

APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR INTELLIGENT DEPLOYMENT OF NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE BASED ON TUNNELING OF ETHERNET RING PROTECTION

Apparatus and methods for intelligent deployment and transition from a first network infrastructure to a second network infrastructure. Various embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to, among other things, methods and apparatus that leverage tunneling of Ethernet ring network technologies. In one exemplary embodiment, a modified implementation of the ITU-T G.8032 data link protocol is combined with Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) transport networks to provide Carrier Ethernet and Retail Ethernet services. Unlike existing network infrastructure, the exemplary MPLS network aggregates traffic between the base station (BS) and mobile switching center (MSC) within a logical ring network topology. 120.-. (canceled)21. A computerized aggregator apparatus , said computerized aggregator apparatus comprising:a first data network interface configured to connect to a backhaul network comprising at least a logical ring network;a backbone data interface configured to connect to a backbone network;a processor apparatus in data communication with the first data network apparatus and the backbone data interface; and receive at least one data frame from a first node of said logical ring network;', 'transmit said at least one data frame to a second node of said logical ring network; and', 'determine said at least one data frame comprises at least one data packet for said backbone network; and', 'route said at least one data packet via at least said backbone network., 'storage apparatus in data communication with the processor apparatus, the storage apparatus comprising at least one computer program configured to, when executed on the processor apparatus22. The computerized aggregator apparatus of claim 21 , wherein the receipt claim 21 , transmission claim 21 , and determination are performed via use of a virtual network application computer program.23. The computerized aggregator apparatus of claim 21 , wherein said at least one data frame comprises at least routing ...

Transparent and efficient multi-destination tcp communications based on bit indexed explicit replication

Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage media for multi-destination TCP communications using bit indexed explicit replication (BIER). In some examples, a system can generate a TCP packet associated with a TCP session involving a set of destination devices, and encode an array of bits into the TCP packet to yield a TCP multicast packet. The array of bits can define the destination devices as destinations for the multicast packet. The system can transmit the TCP multicast packet towards the destination devices through a BIER domain. The system can receive acknowledgements from a first subset of the destination devices. Based on the acknowledgements, the system can determine that the first subset of the destination devices received the multicast packet and a second subset of the destination devices did not receive the multicast packet. The system can then retransmit the multicast packet to the second subset of the destination devices.

DATA TRANSMISSION METHOD, APPARATUS AND SYSTEM

Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and provide a data transmission method, apparatus and system. The method includes: detecting whether data transmitted in a received GTP-U data packet is data of a predetermined type; if a result of the detection is that data transmitted in the GTP-U data packet is data of a predetermined type, decapsulating the GTP-U data packet, to obtain the data of the predetermined type and a destination address of the data of the predetermined type; and sending the data of the predetermined type and the destination address to a message gateway, so that the message gateway forwards the data of the predetermined type according to the destination address. A gateway includes: a detection module, a decapsulation module, and a sending module. A message gateway includes: a receiving module and a forwarding module. 1. A data transmission method , used in a gateway , wherein the method comprises:detecting whether data transmitted in a received general packet radio service tunnelling protocol for the user plane GTP-U data packet is data of a predetermined type;if a result of the detection is that data transmitted in the GTP-U data packet is data of a predetermined type, decapsulating the GTP-U data packet, to obtain the data of the predetermined type and a destination address of the data of the predetermined type; andsending the data of the predetermined type and the destination address to a message gateway, so that the message gateway forwards the data of the predetermined type according to the destination address.2. The data transmission method according to claim 1 , wherein the detecting whether data transmitted in a received general packet radio service tunnelling protocol for the user plane GTP-U data packet is data of a predetermined type comprises:acquiring a message type in a header of the GTP-U data packet;detecting whether the message type is a predetermined message type; andif a result of the detection ...

Methods and apparatuses for enabling physical layer sharing among multiple wireless communication entities

Methods and apparatuses are described herein for hosting protocol functionalities for a tenant node. A host node may receive, from a tenant node, a first packet adapted to a first radio access technology (RAT). The first packet may be encapsulated with a header including a functional split indicator indicating at least one protocol functionality to be performed by the host node. The host node may transmit, via the at least one protocol functionality, a second packet adapted to a second RAT. The second packet may be converted from the first packet by a convergence layer to adapt the second RAT. The host node may transmit the second packet and a third packet to one or more nodes. The second packet may include one or more protocol data units/service data units (PDUs/SDUs) associated with the tenant node. The third packet may include one or more PDUs/SDUs associated with the host node.

Controlling Packet Transmission In Software Defined Network

A controller acquires information of a forwarding device in the SDN which is connected with an external network and/or a terminal device. The controller calculates a maximum transmission rate for the forwarding device to transmit a SDN packet to the controller according to the acquired information of the forwarding device. The controller sends the maximum transmission rate to the forwarding device, so that the forwarding device controls transmitting a SDN packet to the controller according to the maximum transmission rate. 1. A method for controlling packet transmission in a Software Defined Network (SDN) , comprising:acquiring, by a controller, information of a forwarding device in the SDN which is connected with an external network and/or a terminal device;calculating, by the controller, a maximum transmission rate for the forwarding device to transmit a SDN packet to the controller according to the acquired information of the forwarding device, and sending the maximum transmission rate to the forwarding device, so that the forwarding device controls transmitting a SDN packet to the controller according to the maximum transmission rate.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein acquiring information of the forwarding device in the SDN which is connected with an external network and/or a terminal device comprises:acquiring the information reported by the forwarding device in the SDN which is connected with an external network and/or a terminal device, the information comprising a type of the forwarding device, and/or a type of a device which is connected with the forwarding device, and/or a bandwidth of a port through which the forwarding device accesses a control layer in the SDN;calculating the maximum transmission rate for the forwarding device to transmit a SDN packet to the controller according to the acquired information of the forwarding device comprising:according to the type of the forwarding device, and/or the type of the device which is connected with ...

PACKET TRANSPORT APPARATUS, PACKET TRANSPORT SYSTEM AND PACKET TRANSPORT METHOD

[Problem] In a case where a plurality of packets are compiled for transmission to a network, the length of data to be continuously transmitted to each of a plurality of destinations is increased and hence the time interval in which the packet(s) addressed to each destination gets a transmission opportunity is increased, with the result that the packet delay is disadvantageously increased. [Solution] A packet extraction unit ( of FIG. ) extracts a plurality of packets as a whole from a packet compilation queue ( of FIG. ) that sorts, according to destinations, and stores packets. A limited number of packets to be extracted as a whole at this time is given in accordance with a maximum packet compilation number defined by a maximum compilation number calculation unit ( of FIG. ) on the basis of a band increase and a delay increase due to a packet compilation. 1. A packet transmission apparatus comprising:a storage unit which sorts and stores packets in accordance with each destination;an extraction unit which extracts a plurality of packets stored in the storage means for each destination by one-time operation; anda maximum packet number setting unit which sets a maximum number of packets to be extracted by the extraction unit by one-time operation, whereinthe maximum packet number setting unit sets the maximum number of packets in such a manner that an integrated gain representing an increase in band by aggregation of extracted packets, and a transmission delay by the packet aggregation is equal to or larger than a predetermined value.2. The packet transmission apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising:a parameter input unit which inputs a parameter for use in calculating the maximum number of packets by the maximum packet number setting unit, to the maximum packet number setting unit, whereinthe maximum packet number setting unitsets a sum of a first term and a second term, or a difference between the first term and the second term as an integrated gain, ...

COMMUNICATION APPARATUS, COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM, AND COMMUNICATION METHOD

A communication apparatus includes: a controller that determines a time stamp as a starting point and a unit period of the time stamp starting from the starting point; an encapsulator that synchronizes, starting from the starting point, a GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) signal from a Master with the time stamp to generate one of a first GPIO packet including all pieces of sampling data sampled at a constant sampling period and a first GPIO packet including sampling data sampled at a sampling interval according to a frequency of logical changes of the GPIO signal and sampling position information; a LINK that generates an Up link packet including the first GPIO packet; and a PHY that transmits a transmission signal to a communication partner apparatus, the transmission signal conforming to a predetermined communication protocol and including the Up link packet. 1. A communication apparatus , comprising:a controller that determines a time stamp as a starting point and a unit period of the time stamp starting from the starting point;an encapsulator that synchronizes, starting from the starting point, a GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) signal from a Master with the time stamp to generate one of a first GPIO packet including all pieces of sampling data sampled at a constant sampling period and a first GPIO packet including sampling data sampled at a sampling interval according to a frequency of logical changes of the GPIO signal and sampling position information;a LINK that generates an Up link packet including the first GPIO packet; anda PHY that transmits a transmission signal to a communication partner apparatus, the transmission signal conforming to a predetermined communication protocol and including the Up link packet.2. The communication apparatus according to claim 1 , whereinthe controller receives, from the Master, GPIO setting information including sampling-mode information for specifying one of a first mode and a second mode, a time stamp, and a ...

APPARATUSES AND METHODS THEREIN FOR RELAYING AN ONGOING DATA SESSION

Embodiments herein relate to apparatuses and methods for relaying a data session of a first wireless device via a second radio access node in a radio communications network, wherein said data session is ongoing towards the first gateway node via a first radio access node in the radio communications network. 1. A method performed by a first wireless device for relaying a data session via a second radio access node in a radio communications network , wherein said data session is ongoing towards a first gateway node via a first radio access node in the radio communications network , the method comprisingdiscovering radio connectivity towards the second radio access node;determining that the ongoing data session is to be relayed via the second radio access node; andtransmitting a relay request message, to a proximity service function, ProSe, node configured to operatively manage relaying of data sessions in the radio communications network, comprising relay information indicating that the ongoing data session is to be relayed via the second radio access node with session continuity towards the first gateway node.2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the relay information further indicates that data packets of the ongoing data session is to be at least partly tunneled between the first gateway node and the second radio access node.3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the relay information further indicates the identity of the second radio access node.4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first radio access node or the second radio access node is a network node serving a cell of the radio communication network.5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first radio access node and/or the second radio access node is a second or third wireless device claim 1 , wherein said second and third wireless device is capable of operating as a relay node of data transmissions between the first wireless device and the radio communications network.6. The ...

METHOD AND NETWORK NODE FOR ROUTING IP PACKETS

The disclosure provides a method in a network node for routing Internet Protocol (IP) packets. The method comprises: receiving from a Radio Access Network (RAN) node an IP address assignment request originated from a pico-Base Station (pico-BS) for assigning an IP address to the pico-BS. The RAN node is communicative with a backhaul User Equipment (UE) to which the pico-BS is connected. The method further comprises: assigning an IP address to the pico-BS in response to the IP address assignment request; encapsulating, upon receiving from another network node an IP packet destined to the IP address assigned to the pico-BS, the IP packet into a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnel Protocol (GTP) packet; and transmitting the GTP packet to the RAN node. 1. A method in a network node for routing Internet Protocol (IP) packets , comprising:receiving from a Radio Access Network (RAN) node an IP address assignment request originated from a pico-Base Station (pico-BS) for assigning an IP address to the pico-BS, the RAN node being communicative with a backhaul User Equipment (UE) to which the pico-BS is connected;assigning an IP address to the pico-BS in response to the IP address assignment request;encapsulating, upon receiving from another network node an IP packet destined to the IP address assigned to the pico-BS, the IP packet into a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunnel Protocol (GTP) packet; andtransmitting the GTP packet to the RAN node.2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:receiving from the other network node an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) request associated with the IP address assigned to the pico-BS; andtransmitting to the other network node an ARP response containing a hardware address of the network node as a hardware address corresponding to the pico-BS.3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the IP address assignment request is a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) request and the network node and the backhaul UE act as a DHCP server ...

Data transmission method, device, and system in multiple user cooperative communication scenario

The method includes: a first device determines first data and second data from to-be-transmitted data according to link quality of a direct link and link quality of a forwarding link, where the first data is data directly transmitted from the first device to a second device, the second data is data transmitted from the first device to the second device through a third device, the third device is configured to assist in communication between the first device and the second device, the direct link is a link for directly transmitting the first data from the first device to the second device, and the forwarding link is a link for transmitting the second data from the first device to the second device through the third device; directly transmits the first data to the second device; and transmits the second data to the second device through the third device.

Methods and Apparatuses for Source Discovery

A disclosed method is performed at a first boundary node bordering a BIER domain. The method includes receiving a message associated with a source and group for multicast from outside the BIER domain. The method further includes generating an encapsulated message based on the message, a metric, and a first proxy address of the first boundary node. The method also includes forwarding the encapsulated message through the BIER domain to at least one second boundary node bordering the BIER domain and connectable to the first boundary node. The first boundary node additionally triggers the at least one second boundary node to decapsulate the encapsulated message for forwarding out of the first domain and store a record including the source, the group, the metric representing the cost of the first boundary node to the source, and the first proxy address on the at least one second boundary node. 1. A method comprising:at a first boundary node including one or more processors and a non-transitory memory, wherein the first boundary node is bordering a first domain:receiving a message from outside the first domain, wherein the message is associated with a source and a group for multicast;generating an encapsulated message based on the message, a metric representing a cost of the first boundary node to the source, and a first proxy address of the first boundary node;forwarding the encapsulated message through the first domain to at least one second boundary node bordering the first domain and connectable to the first boundary node; andtriggering the at least one second boundary node to decapsulate the encapsulated message for forwarding out of the first domain and store a record including the source, the group, the metric representing the cost of the first boundary node to the source, and the first proxy address on the at least one second boundary node.2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first domain is a BIER domain claim 1 , the first boundary node is also bordering a ...